Post on 20-Apr-2023
DRAMATICMISQELLANIES/é o
C O N S I S T t fi s d é‘;
CR ITI C AL O BS ERVAT IO N S
O N S B V E fi A L
PLAYS O F SHAKSPEA’
RE
W I T H A
REV I EW 20 ? m s P R IN C I P AL CH A RA C TERS ,
A N D TH Q SE or vm u ou s EM I N E N T w u r z avs.
A S R E P R E S i fi T z D
B Y M R. G A R‘
R I C K,
A ND O THER C ELE B RAT ED C OMED IA NS .
w x-
r n
A NECDO TE‘
S or,DRAM A T l C r oa r s, A cToa s,
’
&c
BY T H O M A S D A V I E S,A u r non of MEM O I R S
uof tt l F E of
D A '
V I D G A R R ' I C IQ ESQg
I N T H R E E V O L U M E S:
V O L. I .
Mu mW ar a wh u oka xm vgo¢ov, a3‘swa g dcpgvy
Smaom ' m3 okay”; 3m7© v nwv. Ep lg Greec
D‘
U B L I N z flP RINT ED F O R 8 . P R I
‘
C E , ,
”
H . W HI T E STO NE ,w. L. .WH ITE,
R . M A R CH B A N K, T . W A LKER,P . B Y R N E , R . BU R TO N
,
J . C A SH , W . S LE A T ER .
M,n
iv D E D I C A T I O N .
The ca lamities, whichbe fe lce rtain p rincesof the Plantag enet line , asre prd en ted in thefce nesof this admired writer
,were p rinci
p a lly owing to their contemp t of thofe laws,whichthey had: folemnly e ng a g e d tomainta in . The op p re ffion of the p eop le cre a t
ed rebellion to the p rince , a nd brou g ht ruin
to the king dom. The fe , fir, a re hifiorica l
facts, p ainted in the mofl live ly colou rs by
the lkillof the g re a t drama tifi,which will
e ve r clainf the fe riou s re g a rd of monarchand fu bjeét ia
'
this e cou ntry,
The illufiriou sho of Hanove r'
was calle d to the throne of the fe re a lms
,by the voice
of the p eop le , to fu p port tha t fabric of g evernment
,bywhich the limitsof crown a nd
the c la ims of the (object we re the u na lte ra
ble fix ed a nd efiablifhed a t the Revolu tion.
From tha t ha p py p e riod , the (ove reig n ofEng land acquired
' the molt g loriou s ofl [a lltit les, AiKrr-NG
'
O F P R'
izEMEN l!
The - many amiab le qu a lities of?you r Roy- a
a l Hig hne fls,which ende a r you
' to a g re a ta nd g ene rou s na t ion , will inva riably fiimula te you to emu la te the virtu esofiyou r ancefiors
, to fiand Forth~the frie nd of libe rty,and the ad voca te of ' the me
Joyme nt'
of whichcan fe e u rityto the p rince and ha p pine t
’
s to the "p eop le 1When it} {hall p l
’
e a fe Divine - Provide nce,
a t '
a dil’t‘
a nt p er io to call: you r Roya lHig hne fsto the throne
J } I
A D‘
V ER TTI'
S E MT
E‘
N T .
To pnblithmyrema rksonShakfpeare, afteH lté
’
a p p rdved' “labou rsGP (0 triahyie nfineh’t citric-g;
will , I fea r, be termed p refamp rioir The ' lafi edi-f
timr ot'
the great by'
and]Mr.
S te eve ns, which inc l u de s, befidé's theirl owd firtotes';the obferva tionsoft lteirfiiiéndsfme nfof
'
name flinthelearne d World; ou‘ghtid have de terred
!me}it‘vwill‘hé
faid,fromtryingmyRich‘
gth‘tlpoha fubje éi
i
fo' be a‘
fefig
and‘F0 well underfibod” and e x pla ined .
Pn the interp ret aiion of Shakfp e are’5‘
phia te dld gy”
;
M artyCommenta torsHave difl’erectwide lyfi'onieaci’i
a theismmanyc
ptiafitsle r'
eatbnshave beenreg geflfi
e dlm‘fup p ort their
?(severa l opinibaswhat noafielegy’
fe emstne edtfulf-fowone W ‘
filbhfie ~fiis‘
fefitiiment rethe g eneral cenfu re and who, in ptefu
'ming tb‘t lfihk
as» lemme is! roe farswarming -motewas: havegone before
1trim: with“ arroga nce; tha t he is ever!
ready-
noown" tbfiein'
p te‘
azmimla'
eknowé
le dg ehislobtigafiemoto' ftheifl fettebhimon new
Ine arefl tfiy’
e fa‘ininlngmyPointlohsiofifohfie’difiie uh
t e x ts, a few of them, I am oblig ed t b‘ownfe re
‘
of lit;
tle import 5 Othersare fe arcelymore than tranfcrip ts
from
V111 A D V E R T I S E ME N T.
from former commenta tors, whichhad e fca p ed my
obferva tion or memory. In boththefe p art icu l a rs, I’
have hot, (belie ve , often offende d.
Bu t the e x p la ining Shakfp are’s te x t was bu t the
fmallefi p art of my
i
defig n.
The p l aysof Shakfp e are , which a re fou nded on.
Englilh" hifiory, and which e x hib t t hef
‘a étions
“
a nd
charafiersof ou rmona rchs, I have a lways confider
cd as a va lu able tre afu re to Eng lifhmen, a nd 06
g re a t1mporta nce toking a nd fu bjcét. In them, as
in a mirror, fu tu re events, incide nta l to a mi x e d
g overnment,maybe forefe en, or, a t l ea d, with pro- a
habil ity conjefl u red .
In a fre e fia te , l ike ou r’s, encroa ch
i
ments offl
p re
rog a tive on p rivi l e g e , a nd , vice verfa , of p nvile g e on
prerog a tive , mu hoccafionallyhapp en . The p onfe . .
qu ences, a rifing from b0th no hitiorian or p oli tica l,
wr iter has p a inte d 111more live ly colou rsthan p u r
g re a t poe t. He l ived a t a t ime his tru e , when the
limitsof the crown a nd the l i be rties .oft the fu bjeét.
had not be e n du ly fix ed , a nd befdre ~ the ~
p rincip les
of the confiitu tion had g ained a firm cliablilhment bya
’
le g a l -fe ttlement.
Bu t the p aflionsof men wi l l be the fame a t all
times, and no l aws can be made (0 obl ig a tory as to
p reve nt the confequ ence of the ir e x ce fl‘
eson certa inoccafions. . The u nha p p yfa te ofmifg uided a rbi traryp rinces, and the mifchiefswhich a ttend { ed ition and
rebell ion in'
the pe ople , wi l l ‘be fubje fts to interefithisnation for, ever.
A D V ERT I S E M E N T.
The charaétersofShakfp e are are the boaf’t and1107
nou rof the ‘Eng lilh fiage . O f the he roe sa nd demi
g ods, of the Gre ek and‘
Roma n drama, we ha ve no
re femblancesin ou r own mindsto’
comp a re themwi th.
The French the a tre , .which a p p roaches ne a refi to
ou r own, d e l ine a tes the p erfons of their heroes in;conformi ty to the manne rsof France . Le t thembe
Gre ekn ' Roma ns, or Tu rks, they have always
(ome thing in them of, the Fre nchman .
Shakfp e a re p re fe ntsme n to u s as they re ally e x illz
ed, fu chas a re cong enia l toou r common na tu re .
.When I u nde rtook towri te remarks on the p u nch
p al cha rafl ersof Shakfp e a re , I fou nd my‘ p lan tool a rge for my canvas; for I cou ld not , confifiently
withmy p romife 05 g iving ofiermfieman ether
ma tic poe ts, comp rehend ha lf the p rtncrp al por
tra itsof the g re a t fa the r of the Eng lifh fl a g e ; nor
qa n I, a t the verya dva nced a g e of fe ve nty, I fa a r,
make a ny fu p p lement to the Drama tic Mifce llanies,if they thou ld ha p p e n to p le a fe .
The comp aring the me ritsof ou r p rincip al°
come~
d ia nscoilme nofirm“a tte ntion to the ir difcrimina tivefacu l ties. I with this p a rt ofmy book may p rove ase ntertain ing to the p u blic, and as p rofitab l e to' the
g e ntlemen and l adiesof the the a tre , as it was labor»nous tor me t
Su chbooks and p amphl e ts, ashave fu rnifhed mewith fa ils a nd anecdotes re l a ting to a u thors a nd ac
tors, I have g ene ra l ly re fe rred to in the ma rg tn 5fame I have given from my own knowl e dg e a nd
obfe rva tion 3
x
obfe rva tion manyof them I g l e ane d“ fro
’
mi
oldi
at
tors, long ftnce de ce afe di The r
p rincip al of the le ,
as we l l as my memory ca n we re Mrb
john Robe rts, a“ma rt
'
of -
confide rable re ad ing a nd
obfe rva tion, who wrote'
a n a nfwe r to tha t '
p a rt of"
Pop e’sp reface toShak
‘
fp e a re which re l a ted to Bu rr
ba g e and othe r p l aye rs of his t ime ; Mr. Morg a n,commonlyca l l e d Drib 'MOrg a n
'
Mr. Afion, fon to'
the famou s it ine ra nt a a or, Tony A fton ; a nd Mr.‘
Na tha nie l Cla rke . My a cqu a inta nce with Mr.
Crofs, l a te p romp te r ofDru ry- l a ne the a tre ,has’oe e n '
of fe rvice to me : he ha d known the fia g e' long ;
and ha d re corde d ma ny facts of the a é’
torsin his‘
days, which he p ccafiona’
lly a cqu a inte d me with.
Some obl ig a tionsof this kind I owe Mr. Mackl in.
and more toMr.Victor. Mr. Ebe nez er Forrefi, the
a ttorney, whohad be e n long c'
onve rfant with Com
vent - g arden the a tre , y e r/y kind ly fu p p lie dme withi~
feme i'
ntere fting a necdotes.
The u ne x p ected e ncou ra g ement, give n' to the .
Memoirs of'
the Life of‘ by a g e ne
rou s p u bl ic, dema nds my frnce re and g ra tefu l ac
knowle dgment
Tha t the Memoirs were not a gre e able to Mrs.
Garrick‘
gives me l ittl e u ne afinefs. Her diflike of
themmaybe a ccou nted for, mu ch to her honou r,
withou t re fl ecting a ny difg race on me .
In writing the l ife of a g re a t a nd good ma n, (a nd
inch, I p re fume , wi th fome a l lowa nce of hu ma n
infirmity, l have defcribed Mr. the ho
AA B r
‘
V E R T' I S ‘"
E”M E
‘
N . T. xi
« neft biog ra pher mu fi re late fome circumt’tances of
condufi whicha tende rand a ffectiona te wife cannot
p eru fe withcomp l acency.
I was not ma ttentive to the fe e l ings of Mrs. Gar
.r ick.—When I was p re p aring a fe cond e d i tion of
mybook, I wrote a l e tte r to the g entleman who isthe a éting e x ecutor of Mr Garrick
’swi l l in which
I delire d him to commu nica te a ny mifiakes or ove r
fights‘
Imight ha ve incu rred in the Memoirs, a nd to
p oint ou t any p afl'
a g e in cit tha t might have g ive n
juhofi'
ence toMrs. Ga rrickor any~ofMr. G a rrick’s
fami ly p romifing , a t the fame t ime , to ree'
tify any
thing amifis, in the new ed it ion. To this letterI rece ive d no a nfwer.
It iswithp le afu re I can fa rthe r e flablilh a mofl: va
lnabl e p a rt of Mr. Garrick’s cha rafte r Isme an his
charity and g enerofity.
Dr. Ramfden, the worthyma tte r of the‘Cha rter
hou fe , .ve ry l a tely informed me , tha t a defcenda nt
of Grotiu s, who, \by the inte re‘
ft of Dr. Johnfon, (a
mamwhois never‘
fo we l l p le afe d as re l ieving the
difirefi'
esof the indig e nt a nd p romoting ethe ha p pine fs
of mankind,) wase nabled to p artake~the e x ce l l ent
chari tyof tha t hou fe , told him, tha t, by the de a th
of Mr. Garrick, he had loi’ca ve ry g re a t friend ;a nd , theing defired to e x pl a in himfe lf, he a fl
'
u red the
matte r, tha t Mr. G arrick had fe ttl ed a p enfion
him of 101. 1
,p er annum du ring hisown l ife.
I cou ld mention a noble a ft of g enerofity of this
tru lybenevol ent man bu t ~refp eét for the living re c
{tra insme .
A D'
VT
E R'
T I S E M- E' N T.
I might , inde ed, ju fily fay, tha t fire charit ie'
s éf
David Ga rrit k we re -
'
not only very ex tent'
we , bu t
ma nyof them conce aled from the world.
By the kind p artia lity of the p u b lic, 1 thalf bee nabled very foon , to p nblilh a fourthe ditionof theMemoirs of the
D R A M A T I - C
M I S C E L L A’
N I E S .
King John .
c
.
H A P TQ
E R I .
Three p lay: written on Me fizbj ec? of K, 706m“
When Sfia k/ibéa re’r K. wa rfit]? p u b/{fwd
indebted to the‘Troq /ome Reig n of
K. 70dn.—Colley Cibber
’r P ap a l Tyra nny.
~ -Cib
ber’r arrog qrzce .—Tfiea trica l pmg refi af t/313 1 1
342175 41
Tyra nny—Line in Pop e’sDu ncia d
'up on ir. - Reo1
’
.
va lof S/iakfpmre’r K. 705 11 by Ricfi.
—]t .rfizccej }a nd an a ccou nt of the afiorr
, p articu la r/yW(ti/fer,
Ha le,
a nd Mf r. Ha l/am.— Sa rcafm of
Mf/ia lt Ste eoem a nd Mr . Theoba ld":
Scene 0 -n e en Elea nor’r‘
log ic infavou rof the le anbrfdg a
- Ex p/a na tim of the
word trick— Mr . Ga rrick p uz z fea’to p rocu re a
N the fobicéiof King John thre e p lays havebe e n wri tte n. Tha t, which is ca l l ed the
T rou ble fomeQ
Reig n of King John, wa s a ttribu te dto Shakfp e a re a nd Rowl ey by Mr. P op e , a nd
“
byI\zIr. Ste e ve ns to Sha kfp e a re a lone ; hu t ,
‘
on ma »
tu re confide ra tion, this g e nt lem a n has re tra ct e dhis O p inion l\/Ir. l\"a lone has, Will] g re a t a p p e a rVon. I .
ta nce
DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES.
a nce of p robabi l ity, at'
cribed it to Nla rlow. O u r
a u thor’s K. John wasfirll p u b
’
lifhed, wi th the re fiof his works, in 16 2 3 . The la te commenta tors
have ju flly obl'
e rved, tha t ma ny of Shakfp e a fe’s
be ft p iece s a re formed on the g round-work of
othe rs. He fe emsmore indebte d to the a u thor of
the T rou ble fome Re ig n of K. John, for his p lota nd cha ra f
’
te rs, a nd eve n his fe ntime nts, tha n to
a nyothe r wri te r. Col leyGibbe r’s P a p a l Tyra nny
wa s take n from Shakfp e a re’sK. John, bu t he was
not (0ha p pyinhis a l te ra tionsofhis tra g e dya sin hisKing R icha rd the Third. In this [a ll p lay, Col leyve ryde x trou fl yma de u p a ve ryp le a ting p a llicciofroma dil ig e nt p e ru fa l of a llShakfp e a r
’s hifiorica l l ays,
fca rce lyma king u l'
e of a l ine or thou g ht whic was
hisown . HisP a p a lTyra nnyhe p re te ndswa swrittento fu p p lyShakfp e a re
’sdefic i e nc ie s, bu t more e fp e ci
a l lythe wa nt ofwa rm re le ntme ntin a king ofEng la ndwhe n infu lted bya p op e
’snu nc io ; a nd, hisp laybe ing
a fie d in 1744, whe n the na tion was a la rme d wi ththe thre a ts of a n invafion by a p opifh p re te nde r,the p op u l a r fe ntime nts, a g ainfithe e ncroa chme ntsof p a p a l infl u e nce , me t with a p p la u fe . Col ley
’s
va nityfo fa r tranfporte d him,tha t
, in hisDe dica v
t ion,he told Lord Che fte rfie ld, he ha d e nde avou r
e d toma ke e his p lay more l ike one tha n wha t‘he
fou ndzit in Shakfp e a re .
’ Bu t C ibbe r l ive d longe nou ghtofe e hisP a p a l Tyra nny e nt ire lyne g lecte d,a nd
,wha t mu tt have be e n more mort ifying to
\a
man of his e x treme van i ty, the ori g ina l p l ay re
vived wi th g re a t f u cce fs. His bou nc ing , thou g hwe l l -me a nt, de c lama t ion a g ainfi the infolent p r
e
t enfionsof p a p a l powe r, cou ld not make ame nds
for hismu t i la tionsof Shakfp e a re a nd e fp eciallyforhismu rde ring two cha ra éte rsof ou r inimitabl e poe t,not infe rior p e rha ps to a nywhichfe l l from hisp e n
Lady Conf’ia nce a nd the Ba lla rd Fa lconbridg e .
Howeve r, it is to Cibbe r, I belie ve , we owe the
reviva l :
'
K I N G J O H N . g
re vwa l of this tra g e dy, which had'
la in dormant
from ; the days of Shakfp e a re t i l l 1736 .
. Th'
e P a p a l Tyra nny had be e n ofi’
e re d to Mr.
F le etwood , the ma na g e r'
of Dru ry- la ne the a tre ,
a bou t nine or '
te n ye a rs be fore it'wa s a éle d. This
wa s no foone r known to the p u bl ic, tha n C ibberwa s' moft teve re ly a tta cke d by the crit ics in the
newfp a pe rs; F ie lding wrote a fa rce u pon the fu b
je é’t, whichwas p laye d a t the l i ttl e the a tre in the
Hayma rke t , thou ghu I do not,
be l ieve it is p rintedamong lt hisworks. Howe ve r, the p a rts in the
P a p a l Tyra nnywe re diflribu te d, a nd“
a t ime fix edfor its p e rforma nce : bu t the c l amou r a g ainll the
a u thor, whofe p re fump tion wa s hi g hly c e nfu red
for-da ring to meddle wi th Shakfp e a re , incre a fe d
to fu ch a he ig ht, tha t Col l ey, who had fma rtedmore t ha n onc e
'
foi da bbl ing in tra g e dy, went
to the p layhou fe , a nd, wi thou t faying a’
word to
a nybody, took the p l ay from the p romp te r’s de fk,
a nd ma rche d off w i thit in his pocke t. P op e , inhisnew ed i t ionof the Du nc ia d, whichhe had ta ke nthe p a ins to a l te r, in orde r to de throne Theoba lda nd p la ce Cibbe r in his room, in the fol lowing l inehints a t the c a u tiou s conduE’t of the p oe t
- la u re a t z r
King John in filence mode ftly e x pires.Du n c . Book L
So mu ch was fa id, a nd wi th p rop rie ty, by thecri ticswhowrote a g ainll Cibbe rin the p u blic p rints,in comme nda tion of Sha kfp e are
’sK. John
,tha t hflr.
R ichve ryw i fe ly de te rm ined to take the hint, a ndre folved to re vive tha t long - forg otte n tra g e dy:The
, p rinc ip a l p a rts, t ca n tru ll mymemory,we re thu s d ivide d : King John, Mr. De la ne ; theBa lla rd, Tom Wa lke r, (the orig ina l Ma che a t.h;)Ha l e a éte d the King of
”
Fra nce , a nd Rya n Ca rdinal
'
P a ndu lph; , La dy Confia nc e byMrs. Ha l lam.
O f B e la ne , W a lke r, a nd Rya n, I ha ve fp oke n a t
la rg e in the l ife of Ga rrick a nd in the cou f fe ofB 2 this
'
4 t b RAMATIC MisgitLEAN tes.
thiswork {hal l hive f requ ent’
occafion tom’
entton
them. Ha le wa sin p e rfon ta ll’ a nd 'we ll- pmportil
c ried,'his voice ftrong a nd ha rmoniou s, his ‘de
p ortme nt manly, a nd his a Etion not difp le a finghisea r was fo u nfa i thfu l , tha t he was g e ne ra l lymonotonou s; he wante d tha t ju dgme nt which
a lone knows how to g ive dig n i ty to fe ntime nt or
wa rmtha nd va rie ty to'
p afiion . His be lt p e rform~
a nce wasHotfp u r ; he was a lways to he e ndu red
Whenhe re fl rained himfe lf from doing too mu ch.
He was a favou ri te a étor in . Brifiol,whe re I
think he died in 1746 . He was fo fond ofwe a ringl a rg e fu l l - bottomed wi g s, tha t , to the a fionilh
tn ent of the a u die nce , he a fte d the p a rt of Cha r
le s the Firfiin one whichwa s rema rka blylong a nd
M’
rs. Ha l lamwas a n a étre fs of fu ch u ncommonme ri t, tha t {he de fe rves to be p a rt icu l a rly rememb e red. She ha d fig na liz e d
' he rfe lf fo g re a t ly as a
membe rof the comp a ny a éling a t Norwich, whe nhe r name was P a rke r, tha t tlie re ce ived a n invi ta t i~on fromMr. R ichto join hiscomp a nya t Lincoln
’s-4
inn Fi e lds. The re {he long fl ru g g le d wi th difficu lt ies; for I have be e n told the was by no me ans a
favou ri te of the ma na g e r : bu t on the de a thofMrs.
Boheme , many of he r p rinc ip a l p a rts fe l l to the
lot ofMrs. Ha l lam. . The g re a t e ncouia g eme nt,
the confla ntlyme t wi thfrom the a u dience , a t once
It hasbe en (aid,tha t this a étor wa smu chhu rt byMr. Ga r
rick’s'
mimickry of him in the p a rt of Baye s in the R ehe a rfa l.H a le wa s p re fe nt a t the p lay, a nd la u ghing ve ry he a rtily a t theinimica l e x hibitions of De la u e
,Rya n, B r
'idg wa te r,l
a nd Giffa rdwhen
,on a ru dde n, Ga rrick (p oke thre e or fou r lines of Prince
P re t tyma n, be ginning with
Oh! wha t s (h ang e r am I g rown of la te
in a {tyle whichconveye d t'
u ch a n e x aé’t re fembla nce of Ha le ’sVoice a nd manne r, tha t the the a tre e choe d withlou d la u ghte r a ndthu nde ring a p p lawfe . Ha le was {hocke d a t the mortifying (cu te
,
18 d fe lt the folly a nd inju fl ice of a p p roving tha t ridicu le of othe iiwhisk he cou ld not be ar himtt lf.
6 DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES .
the e x p refiions throu hou t this, aswe l l a s feve ra lothe r hifiorica l p laysof Shakf
'
p e a re Ha l l be g inshisChronic le abou t two hu ndre dye arsafte r the ae ra
in whichJohn be g a n to re i g n. Mr. Theoba ld ha slikewil
’
e committed a n e rror : he a ffe rts, tha t,a l thou gh the p lay be g insin the ;
34thye a r of K .
John’s life ,whichwas the firfiof his re ig n, ye t tha t
I t take sin only fome ' tt a nfa étions a t the t ime ofhis
d e a th; whe re as the tra g e dy ve ry p rop e rly be g inswith the c la im of John’s ne phew,
P rince Arthu r,to the crown : this was one nt
h -
the mofl: ma te ria le ventsin the king
’s l ife a nd his condu ct; to Ar
thu r, Shakfp e a re ve ry, ju diciou flymakesthe fou nda
t ion of a ll his misfortu ne s.If I do not mifl ake , Mr. Ste evenshasmifu nde r~
“ flood a p a fl'
a e in a fp e e chof (LEl e anor in thefirfl; fcene 0 this
.p lay
Thismight have bee n p revented, and‘
made wholeWithve rye a f
'
y a rg ume nt of‘love ;
Whichnow the ma na g e of two king domsmu fl:Withfe arfu l bloody’
itiu e a rbitra te . t
By the word manag e I u nde rfl a nd the fireng th a nd
p owe r of France a nd Eng l a nd, ra the r tha n, a c
cording toMr.. Ste e ve ns, the condu é’c a nd a dmini
fira tion of them,which fe emsmore remote from
the a u thor’sme a n ing ; thou gh p e rha p sv the word
may comp rehe nd both.
The fc e ne be twe e n the twobrothe rs, Robe rt a ndPhi l ip Fa lconb ridg e , is a ve ry e x traordina ry
‘
one ,a nd . hardly to be ma tche d in drama t ic p oe try.
O ne brothe r ca l ls the othe r ba fla rd, a nd a ccu fe shismothe r of a du l te ry; which cha rg e the othe r doesnot fl ailycde ny, .bu t is u nwi l l ing to p a rt wi th hisc l a im to the e fl a te . The orig ina l of thisquarre l isto be fou nd
, I be l ieve , in a n old book, qu ote d byMr. Ste eve ns
, ca l l ed the Hiftory of LordF a lconbridg e , Ba fla rd- Son to Richa rd Coe u r deLion.
' O u r a u thor has fol lowe d the old p lay, wi thfucha l tera tionsand addi tions, ashisg e nius
'
fu g ge fle
K I NG 7;
e d '
tO‘
him,which I think neve r (hone bri ghte r
tha n in hisma na g eme nt of Fa lconbridg e’s
‘
cha ra c
te r.
Shakfp e a re has avoide d a ve ry g rofs imp rop rie tybynot p e rmi tt ing the moth
’
e r of Fa’
lconbridg e to
be p re fe n t whe n he r cha fiityis ca l l e d in qu e ftionbyhe r fon ; a n e rror which the a u thor of
’
the old
p layha s fa l le ninto. In tha t , too, (b e e n El e a nor“
e x e rts a llhe r powe r in' fa vou r of the l a dy, a nd p lays
the ca fuififo a cu te ly, tha t the me rits the re p u ta
t ion of . le a rning which hifloria ns a fcrihe to
he r. The king obfe rve s, in confi rma t ion of wha t»Robe rt Fa lconbridg e had a ffirme d; tha t P hi l ip the :
Bafiard re femble d King R icha rd, whom Robe rt
a ffe rtsto have be e n his fa ther ; the qu e en’s re p ly
is, I thinlc, cu rious, a nd worth p re fe rving .
E“L E
"
A’ N O R
Nay, hear‘
you , (it : you ru n away tooPu tt:
Knowyou not, om efimile mn efiidem?w w u v v n - n Ha tkyou , good fit
‘twas thu s
,a nd noothe rwifé ;
the laywitli~S ir Robe rt, you r fa the r, a nd thou g ht u pon King .
Richa rd, my fu n a nd toyou r brothe rwas forme d in this fa fhion
In the old p l ay, the Billia rd drawshis fword u pon hismothe r, a nd thre a te ns to ki l l he r if the conce a is the tru th. In Shakfp e a re , the l a dy
’s confe f
fion is e x torte d bymirth a nd p le a fa ntry. In Sha kfp e a re
’sKing john,we en E l e a nor takesnot ice tha t »
the Ba fta rd
Ha th a trick of Coeu r- de -Lion’s face .
I am not fu re tha t Mr. S te e ve ns. ha th hit the fu l lme a ning of the word trio’s
, thou g hhe ha s brou ghtfe ve ra l a u thorities to fu p p ort his inte rp re ta t ion ofs
D
In this‘
a nd othe r p la ces, by the word trick Shakfp e a re me a ns fome difling uifhing air or fe a tu re b f .
the fa c e , inwhich a thong re fembla nce of-‘the'
p a
re nt maybe difcove red.In
3 DRAMATIC fa‘
nsa LAmE‘
s.
Inthe W inte r’sTa le, P a u l ina p roves the le gitiin a cyof (we e n He rmione ’s da u ghte r
’
by—a trick of
‘
fa ce which (he hasin common withhe r fa ther
Behold,mylords
The trick of ’s frown !e n
’s Time , A& H.
So,
Fa lftaFf, whe n re p re fe ntmg He nry the Fou rth,
in a mock- fce ne be twe e n the P rince of Wa les a nd,
himfe lf, te l ls the P rince ,Thou a rt my(on I have p artly thy mothe r
’s word, p artlx
myown Opinion ; bu t chie fl y a villainous trick qf tbiu U" and a
fl ak/b ba nging of it} ne tber It}.
In the fame fcene the Ba llard e x claims,’
With that half-face t
Tha t this e x p re flion was taken from coins, on
which the p rofile onlyof ou r p rinceswas e x hibit
e d, Theoba ldhaswel enou ghp roved._An a u thor,
I think, is a lways befiillu fira ted byhimfe lf : Hotfp u r, in He nry the Fou rth, Aét I . in the midiofhis e x trava g a nt and wi ld fl ights, e x c la ims,
Bu t ou t u pon thishaif- fac’d fe llowfhip
Va riou s have be e n the actors of this brave , g e wne rons
, roma nt ic , a nd humorou s, cha ract e r, Fa l
conbridg e : bu t thou g hGa rrick, She rida n, B e l a ne ,
a nd Ba rry, ha ve a ttemp ted it, they a ll fe l l {hortof the me ri tsof TomW a lke r. In him a lone we refou nd the fe ve ra l requifites for the cha ra cte r : a
‘
flrong‘e nd mu fc u la r p e rfon, a bold and intre p id
look ;'
ma’
nly de portme nt, vi g orou s afiion, a nd a
'
humou r which de fce ndcd to a n e a fy fami l ia rityinconveying a je fl or fa rca fm with u ncommon p oig
Ga rrick ha d ce rta inlymu ch me rit in the
t of . the me cha n ica l p art wastobe remedied a by a rt .
lofs, for fome time , to fix . u pon a’
Robert Fa lconbridg e , to fe t off hisown fig u re ;i
a t
K I N G J o a n.~
a ft he p icke d ou t poor Simfon, a Scotchman, amode fl a nd hop e d ma n
, bu t asfe eble in p e rfon a s
he wa s ' in - act ing . Fria r John, the contrafi to
Fria ra P'au l, in the Du e nna , was fca rce a g re a ter
flce le ton tha n §imfon . I t wasa ma tte r of a fl onifl ‘tment to eve ry fp e éta tor, tha t Ba rry, wi th the fu
p e rior advanta g e of a fine pe rfon, could make foli tt l e of ,
th'
e Ba lla rd . He fe emed, in tha t p art,"
to
be qu it e ou t of his roa d : a ll the humou r, g aiety,g a f e
, . and gilantry, of Fa lconbridge , we re Iofl: inBa rry.
An - odd crrcumfia nce,
ha p p e ned on his ende avou ring to re p e a t the fol lowing wordsin the firfl:act of the p l ay:
We ll now I ca n make any Joan a lady.
He was fo emba rra ffed in the de l ive ry of this {ing le line, tha t, not be ing a ble to re p e a t “
the words,he wa s forc ed to qu i t the Ra g e , amidft the e ne
ra l a p p la u fe s of the a u die nc e,
“ who faw an fe l this u ne a f me fs. Bu t
, wha t is fl i l l more fu rp rifmg ,a fte r g oing off a nd re tu rn ing thre e fe ve ra l. times,wi ththe fame kind e ncou ra g eme nt of the fp '
e é’
ta tors,he wa s
'
forc e d to g ive it u p ; a nd I be l ie ve he didnot re cove r himfe lf t i l l he was re l ieved by thee ntra nce ofLa dy Fa lconbridg e .
“
1e DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES.
C H A P T E R II .
Tie enara e‘i'
er of P bilip fl ug a/i'
u r.— P rine er, of Me
p r ef ent a g e , Tr aj a n: w/zen comp ar ed tof/zofi znMereig n of foam— Lymog er, du ke of fl afl rza .
— Sba lrf
p eare oftener a dderer toold ba llad: a nd roma nce : t/la ncaroniele or bifiory. d agile g roup e of j o
fverezg n
p rimer—Henry VI . emp eror of Germa ny.
inMe element/1 a nd twelft/z e entu'
rier r -fl -Tfie old ma n
of tbe'mou ntainf .
— P rz°
noe d rtnu r’f rig fit of p ri
m g enif u re .—C/1arafi er of d en Elea nor , a t la rg e ,
from tfie Fr enenlzi/loria nr a nd Bra ntome .—fl n of:
wearing [boeL —Reafin way Eleanor p refer : King
705 11 to d rtbu r .—Ex p la na tion of a termin nu ntzng ,
fl om,
Tu roer e ille .—Tfie word flay ex p lained
—105
firva tion on Fa lconoridg e’: fl eet/z a t tfie end 0] Me
Mird a
‘
fl .
A61 II . Sce ne I .
N the fe cond a& of King John, the poe t introdu ce s, among ft othe r cha ra é
’
t'
e rs, Phil ip A u
g u ttu s of Fra nce’
; a nd,if e x treme c u nning , u n
bou nde d ambi tion, fra u d, p e rfidy, p e rj u ry, ra p ine ,a nd inju fiic e , cou ld re nde r a mona rch a p ol i t ic ia n,he was c e rta inly the g re a te lt of his time . Shakf
p e a re was not obl ig e d to thew the whole ofhisf
cha
raéle r, a nd, inde e d, it is to comp rehe nfive ly odiou s,tha t no a u die nce wou ld have fu tl
'
e re d it . The p rinc es, who now ru l e ove r the g re a tefi
'
p a rt ofEu rop e ,thou ghma ny of them a re l ittl e a tte nt ive to the
re a l inte re fls of the ir p eop l e , and more fond of
p owe r tha n wi l l ing to make a ri g ht u f'
e ofit, mayb e te rme d by the honou ra bl e t i tl e of Traj a ns
,
if comp a red wi th the roya l monlle rsof thisp e riod .
Lymog e s, arch- duke of_Au firia , is, in this fe nce ,
rented from the de ad to\be p u niifhed for his ba fe
u fa g e
K I N G J O H N.
u fa g e of R icha rd I . whom he a rre fte d in his p a f
fa g e throu gh his dominions, a nd a fte rwa rds, for a
flip ula te d fum, de l ive red to the emp e ror of Ge r
ma ny. The offe nce , g ive n byR icha rd, wa s fome
fha rp or p rou d e x p refiion he le t fa l l a g amfl . the
du ke , whe n bothwe re e ng a g ed in the holywa rs.The old p la y cou ld not le ad Sha kfp e a re into the
e rror of a fcribing the ' de a thof Richa rd to the duke
of Au llria , a sMr. S te eve ns has a ll’
e rte d ; he wastoo we l l a cqua inte d withou r chronic les, a nd e fp e
cia llyHolling fhe ad, to miflake tha t eve nt. Bu t
Sha kfp e‘
a re oftne r flu dies fia g e e ffe ét tha n he a d
he res to the tru th of hiftory ; a nd, in tre a t ing ofremote flory, he is c e rtainlyj u ftifia ble for this devia tion. Bu t Shakfp e a re chofe too, in this p lay,a nd in molt othe rs, to fol low old roma nce aznd ba l
lad ra the r than chron ic l e or a u the nt ica te d flory.
P e rha p s no ae ra lince the cre a tion p rodu ce d f uch a
g rou p e of p e rnic iou s chie f ru l e rs a s the t ime ofwhich I am fp e aking : be fides ou r own John
,
Phi l i p , a nd the du ke of Au llria , we ca n re ckon,
among ft them, He nry VI . emp e ror of Ge rma ny,fe ve raLpop es fu cc e ffive ly in orde r, a nd a ve ry re
ma rkabl e p ote nta te , ca l l e d the O ld Ma n of theMou nta ins. As for He nry, he , of a ll
the l e a li fcru p u lou s ; p e rfidy, c ru e l ty, op p re fliona nd a va ric‘e , we re his da rling p a llions ; 3 5 “ f00!1
a s he g ot the p offe flion of R icha rd’s p erfon, hethrew him into a du ng eon ; nay, to infu lt himmore confpic u ou fly, he pmdtrce d him before the
p rince s of~~G e rma ny in a d ie t of the emp ire : bu t
R ichard’s u nda u nte d fpiiit a nd convinc ing e loqu e ncep rodu c e d a n e ffe é
’
t contra ry to the emp e ror’
sinte u -
v
t ion ; they a ll inte rce de d in his fa vou r, a nd iu lifle dhe fhou ld
,be de l ive re d from confineme nt ; bu t, .
be fore he wou ld g ra nt him his l ibe rty, he e x a éte dthe imme nfe fum of thre e h u nd re d thou fa nd
p ou nds, equ a l to a mi l l ion a nd a ha lfof ou rmoney.
The me anefi dabbl e r in billorywil l re adi ly a g re e ,I "I tha t
m DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES .
tha t’
by
'
fa r the g re a te ft '
p a rt of: the pop es, whol ive d in the e le ve nth a nd twe lfth “
c e nt u ries, {we reinfe rior to no king s, tha t info«
le nce , ava rice , inju llice , u ld
g ra nt tha t in knowle dg e fu z
p e rior to the re‘
ft offma nkihd“, be
owned, tha t they p e rve rted the fe a cqu ireme nts to
the fworll of p u rpofe s; to the de ce iving . a nd rob
b ing thofe’
who p u t a n imp licithonfide nce in them
The O ld ma n of the mounta inswa s ca l l ed ChikElcha fl if fin, from whichword Vol ta i re de rives theword a lfa fl in. This hoa ry ru fha n ha d a cqu iredfu ch a n a fc enda nt ove r his fana t ica l fu bje éts,
‘tha t
they p a id a n imp l ic it obedi e nce to his comma nds;a ll
'
a flina tion wa s me ri toriou s wi th them,whe n
u nde r the fa nétion of his roya l ma nda te they ca r
ried the ir e nth‘u fia ftic z e a l for his fe rvice fo fa r asto cou rt a llhaz a rds, a nd e ve n to t u thwi ldlyon to
c e rta in de a th in the e x e cu tion of his orde rs’l‘.The fe mife ra ble wre tche sfa nc i ed tha t , whe n theyfa crificed the ir l ives for his fake , the g a tes of p a
ra dife wou ld be op e n to them.
Eve ry p a rt of this dig re fl ion wi l l, I
'
hop e , beamu fing a t l e a li, a nd fome of it not u fe le fs, to thecommon re a de r of Shakfp e a re
’s John.
Aft I I . Sce ne II .
C H A T I L L O N .
Withhim a long . is come themothe r qu e e n,A n A te [lin ing him to blood a nd (trife .
The te rm, Ate,is ve ry p rop e rly be llowe d
u pon this l a dy in he r hu foa nd king He nry’s l ife
‘
t ime fhe was the trump e t, of re be l l ion a nd tre a fon
a nd wascont inu a l ly u rg ing he r fonsto take u p a rmsa g ainlt the ir fa the r.
P H I L I P .
For thou ha lt u nde rwrou ght its lawfu l king .
Hume’swe. orangiana, vol. 11. p . is.
14 DRAMATIC MISCELLAN IES .
himon a cru fa de into the holy l and. The French
hitloria ns, a nd, among tl; the re tl,‘
Me z e ray, a n
a u thor whofe name I am fu rp rife d not to find
among tl the mott emine nt Fre nchhit’coria ns
, in one
of the fiu e tt p oemswhichthis a g e has p rodu cedte l ls u s tlra ng e tloriesof he r inordina te a nd u nfa tis
tie d lu tl. I t is fa id the was p a rt icu la rly fond of
Sa la din, the emp e ror ; othe rs te l l u s, , tha t , it was
S a la din, a p riva te foldie r, a nd a ve ry ha ndfome
Sa ra ce n, of whom ' the was de e p ly e namou re d.
Le t u s he a r wha t hone tt Bra ntome fays, in his
bl u nt, bu t e x p re f ftve , l a ng u a g e .
O u r (1136 6 11 Ele a nor, du che fs of Gu ie nne,
who a tte nde d the king , he r‘ hu tba nd, beyond fe a ,a nd who, by frequ e nt ly conve rting among tl a rms
a nd the foldie ry, g ave he rfe lf fu cha loofe a t la ft asto have to do wi th the Sa ra ce ns, for which the
king divorced he r, a nd which cotl u s de a r. She
had a mind to trywhe the r the fe wa rl ike me n we re
a s brave champ ions in a bed~chambe r a s in the
fie ld of ba ttl e . P otliblyit washe r humou r to loveva l ia nt me n.
”
This p l a in- fp oke n write r, in a nothe r p l a ce , fays,tha t Q e e
'
n El e a nor wa s not the only one wh’
o
we nt to the holy wa r in comp a ny with '
Louis;P lzyfeu rr g ra nder dame : 01186 16117” ma ryr fé or al/e
r ent,mair non leu r j améer, qu
’eller ouorz
’
r enl,
et les
la rg z'
rent a ban ei/Z‘ie nt j }qu
l
’a u e u ner y demezzr er ent
,
ct ler a u trer re tou rner ent,de tr er banner ocfl er
’.
Notwithtla nding El e a nor’s i l l fame
, a nd he r be
ing divorc e d from he r hu tba nd for lewdne t‘
s, in re a
lity, thou g h p re te nde dly, on a ccou nt of too ne a r
confa n‘
g uinity, ou r King He nry II . was not to
fqu e amith a s to ne g le ét the op portu ni ty. of a ddingfeve ra l nobl e a nd rich p rovinc es to his dominionsby a cce p ti ng he r ha nd . They
~we re both in the
p rime a nd vig ou r of l ife , a nd the ir e a g e rne ts to
come tog e ther was e vide n t _by the
‘
qu ick jou rneysthey
Hayley on Hitlory.
K I N G'
J O H‘
N . 1 5
they took tome e t e a chothe r. No cou p l e of a rde nt love rs fe eme d more wi l l ing to be u ni te d in thenu p t
ia l bond tha n He nry a nd Ele a nor. Their ha ppine fs did not l a tt long ; the wasa s j e a lou sofHe nryashe rfirtl hu tba nd ha d be e n of he r, a nd wi th re a
fon : bu t He nry was not fo mi ld a s Lou is; heconfined he r in p rifon du ring the g re a t e tt p a rt of
his re i g n . I tha ll conc lu de this note wi th,the re
ma rka ble words of Me z e ray: Thiswoma n,con
fumma te in a ll for‘
ts of“
wicke dne fs, l ive d e ightyye a rs, ke p t u p
a wa r for above'
fix tyye a rs, a nd fe t
tle d a ha tre d be twe e n Fra nc e a nd Eng la nd, tha t
has cont inu ed a bove thre e a g es fo tha t with. re a
fon we may fayof he r, wha t the Gre ek poe t fa idofMe ne la u s’swife , tha t we ha ve fu tfe re d
'
not a te n,
‘
bu t a fou r du ndrod yea r : wa r,wild fir e and fword,
Zy meanrof fair woma n .
”
F A L C O N B'
R I D G E M
I t lie s’
a s tight lyon the'ba ck of him
A s g re a t—A lcide s
’
fl ue : u pon a n a fs.
A more whimtical a’
nd l u dicrou s ima g e ca nnot
b e p re fe nted to the mind, tha n a n a fs trott ing u pa nd down, hishoofs cove re d ove r wi th fa ir la rg ebu tkins, fit for the fe e t of He rc u l e s. The
'
fe nfe
is ve ry c l e a r, bu t The oba ld, fu p poting tha t the
a fs cou ld ca rry thoe s no whe re bu t on his ba ck,a l te red/boer tojbewr. Mr. Ste e ve nshas
,from fe
.ve r
‘
a l p a ra l l e l p afia g e s of old a u thors, p rove d the
frequ e nt u fe of the te rm Hercu ler’fl Joer, a p p a re ntlyfrom the old, p rove rb, ear p ede Hercu lem.
Give g rahdam kingdom,a nd it g randam will
Give it a p l um,a che rry, a nd a fig .
The inve te ra te ha tre d of the fe two l adie s, the
(b e e n a nd the Du che fs of Brita nny, was fou nde donr fome thing more fu btla ntia l tha n me re p e rfona l
r
p ique. u Ele anorx ilt Is fa Id by hItlorIans, ha d a
tirong er
r6 DRAMATIC MISCELBANIES.
firong e r a tfeEtion towa rdshe r nephew Arthu r tha n
he r fon John ; bu t the - jtittly a p p rehe nded
Arthu r ha d fu cce ede d‘
to the crown,his
who was a woman of“
a n e x ce l l e nt u nde rtla nding
a nd of a n u nda u nte d - mind, wou ld have ha d ~ thé
dire c‘t ion ofhis a ffa irs; this p romp te d the dowa g e r
to e fpou fe the ca u fe of John, who p a id g re a t de
fere nce to he r cou nfe ls.
E N G' L I S H H E R A L _D .
And, like a jolly troop of hu ntfme n; come
O u r lu fl yEnglifh, a llwith p u rp le ha nds,
Dy’d in the dying fl a u g hte t of their foe s.
The re is in Ju l iu s Cae fa r, Aél lII .‘
a p affa g e
quite ‘ftmila r
‘
to this ; Ma rk Antony, in a n a pof
trophe to thede ad body of ( a fa r
, comp a reshis
mu rde re rs to hu nte rs tlained wi th the blood of thetlain de e r.
Pa rdon me , Ju liu s, he re watt thou bay’d, brave ha rt l
H e re didtt thou fa ll, a nd he re thy hu nte rs tla nd,
Sig a’d in thy fp orl, a nd crimfon
‘d in thy lethe .
Dr. Johnfon, in a nOte u p on the firtl c i ted p a ffa g e , thinks it wa s one of the fa va g e p ra é
‘tice s Of
the cha ce , for a ll the hu nte rs to fla in the ir ha ndsin the blood of the de e r a s a trophy.
Upon looking into T u rhe rville’s book of Hu nt:
mg , I ca n fe e no tra ce of tha t pra&ice bu t the re
a re two ditfe re nt a ccou nts of the Fre nch a nd Eng:
lithma nne r of ditfe éting or bre aking u p the de e r.
In dividing the fe ve ra l p a rtsof the de er, the Fre nchemp loye d the ha nd of the hu ntfman a lone ; bu tou r Eng lith king s, ba rons, a nd othe r great me n,
took p a rt of tha t offic e u pon themfeives.
i
O u r order
if,faysTu rbe rvil l e
,Ma tMe p rince or eduf e (if/o
p lea/e tfiem) do a lig /lt , a nd take afiye of tire de ere ,will: a fimrp e knife , { be t unic/I if donein tllir 37mm
tlze deere being loyde upon 61: ba ck , t/ze p rince ,
K I N G.
17
file cfiiefl’ fiu ntfman kneeling , if it of to a prince ,
dot/ilie/d Ma' doer by t/ze for e foot , wfiifo Hie p rince
or cfiiqfe do ou t 215 fl it, drawn f a/ongfi bryfl ot oftfie deere .
i
The de e r’she ad is a l fo cu t 067 by the p rince orchfie
f; in the re op e ra tions, the diffe ét e rs mu ll he
ce a rily be fp rinkle d or be f’
me a re d‘
wi th the bloodof the anima l , a nd to this ou r a u thor, in bothpa l?fa g e s, fe ems p la inly to a llu de .
Tha t fhakemthe rot te n carcafsof old . dea th
O u t of hisra g s.
I mu fiown, I l'
ce no g re a t difficu l ty in the
word/fay ; whichme a nsnomore , notwithli‘
a ndinga ll the a ttribu tes g ive n toit by the fp e ake r,
’
than a
ve ry g re a t a nd a lmoft infu rmou ntable obfia cle .
P e rha p s the powe r of the word fl ay may be he ll:
known from a ve ry old a u thor ; from GawinDowg las
’sTranfl a tion of Virg i l take the fou r fol
lowing l ines
Ane p ort there is whom the‘
eit fl u dishas
In ma ne re of a ne , bou le or bay,
With rochis fe t forg ane the fireme fu ll fl ay,
To brek the (a lt fame of the leyis ftou re .
The e nded a nd modefl a u thor of the
Glofl a ry biiok, forhouma n knows to whomhe is 6i
"
tha t e x ce l lent a nd le a rne d com
me nta ry a nd diffic u l t words, Scottifh a nd
Sa x on, e x p l a ins fiay'
by eop , as we lay in
Scot la nd, a (fay bra e, a hi gh ba nk of d ifficu l t a f
ce nt, from the ve rb fl ay, to fl op or hinde r, bec a u fe the fl e e p ne f
'
s re ta rds thol'
e who c l imb it, as theLa t ins fayh iter impoditum,
[om imp rdita ; or, fromthe Be l g ic , fl ogig /z, p rmrup fw .
”
Nfr.~Ste e vens a nd Mr. Ma lone have brou ght
many p ajila g e sfrom old wri te rs to p rove the u fe
h
of
t 6
is DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES .
the word fl ay in the (cu te whe rein it is a p p l iedby Shakl
'
p e a re .
B A s T A ~ R D“
.
Mad world ! Ma d king s ! Mad compofition l
Theoba ld,wi th g re a t p rop ri e ty, finifhe s the
fe cond act wi th this foliloqu y of Fa l conbridg e ,whichis a ve ry humorou s a nd fa tirica l
’
a p p lica tion
to the fe lfilh fe e l ing s of the fa r g re a te ft p a rt of
ma nkind. Bu t why mad world ! mad, ki ng s! a nd
ma d compolition The tre a tywas a cou nte r-
p a rt
to a lmofl a ll the tre a t i es which ha ve be e n ma de
be twe e n p rinces for ma ny a g es p ail"
. Honou r,fa i th, ju fl ice , a nd common hone lly, on the fe
oeca fions,’
a re l i tt l e re g a rded ; a nd inte reil,“
or
commodi ty, as Shakfp e a re te rms it, fole ly ke p tin view by the contractors. It is tru e , tha t tre at ies are ente red intoin the moftfolemnmanne r, andin the name of the holy and u ndivided Trini ty;bu t thisisma tte r ofme re form,
a nd bymany p rinces, asl itt le remembe re d a sa corona tion- oa th, whichis a lways take n w i th g re a t folemnity, a nd bu t fe l~
dom ca l led to mind,e x c e p t with a view to make
fre e wi th it .Had Shakfp‘e a re fa id ba d world, & c . it wou ld
have be e n ne a re r the ma rk. Bu t , in ou r a u thor’s
l a ng u a g e , whichis equ a l ly cop iou s a nd l ic e ntiou s,the word mod fome time s fig nifies, a s it doeshe re , fira ng o ! odd !
“
p ray/femu r ! abfitrd
CHAPTERf
K'
I N G’
J O H N . 9
C H A P T E R III .
Ckara c‘rer of Lady Corfiance .- Admira
_oly a c
‘i’ed
Mm. Cibber‘. - 1Wr.r. Bu tler fet up a : ker riva l.
n in’r opinion of MN . Cibber .—Hig k tides in
tke ca lenda r .~ -Mrr . Cibber a nd 'Winfi0ne .
—R
j am wky Mr . Ma ck/in e ou fd not done d fied P a n
du lp k. far cafm: -Ciéber inferior , in Me
Pop e’f Leg a te , toMe ekiin
;a nd w
cka rd rcfufi’r Colley Cibber
}; a dvice — S tep ken La ng
'
ton’: c/la rafi er .
—Ska kfl )ea re not a -Roman Ca tko/ie .
- /Ynecdote of Wa lker a nd Roman.
ITHERTO the cha ra’
&e r of Confl a nce hasbe e nTe e n to l i ttl e a dva nta g e . He r fp e e ches
we re ra the r more comformable to the (cold or vira go tha n theinj u red p rince fs a nd a ffl icte d mother.In the
'
firft fce ne of the third a ét the a p p e a rswi ththe dig ni ty of j‘u ft‘re fentme nt a nd maje fl
'
y ofmaxte rna l g rie f. To fu p p ofe tha t the a rt of a ct ingwas not amp ly, if not p erfe é
’tly, u nde rflood a nd
p ra é’tifed, in the days of
'
ou r a u thor, wou ld he a n
inj u ry to the fe e l ing s of e ve ry inte l l ig e nt re a de r.
How many v a ria tions of a ction a nd p afiion a re in
the firft fp e e ch of this fce ne , confifling only of
twe nty fix l ines, a ll na tu ra l ly re fu lting from the
a g it a t ionsof a mind a nx iou fl y inqu iring into the
tru th of tha t whichit dre ads to know l Eve n the
u nde r cha ra éte r, Sa lilb u ry, is ca lle d u p on, by the
words of Conl’ta nce , to e x p re fs the difie re nt p a f
lions of hisinind by va rie ty as we l l as ju ftne fs ofa ftion ; a sin the fol lowing l ine sWha t dofi thou me a n by fhaking of thyhe ad
Why doft thou look l'o fa dly on my fonWha t me ahs tha t hand u pon tha t bre afi of thine
Why holds thine e ye tha t lame ntable rhe um ?
Be the l'
e fad fig hs confirme rs of thywords
Lady; Confia nce’s p a fl iona te e ffufion of ra g e ,
g rie f, and indig na tion, from whichfca rce a l ine or
thou ght'
do DRAMATIC”
MISCELLANIES .
thou ght can be ,
e x p u ng ed, to his e te rna l difg ra ce ,Cibbe r ha s e i the r e ntire lyfu p p re liie d , or wre tche d
ly fpoiled, by vi l e a nd de g ra d ing inte rpola t ions ;nay, the whol e fce ne is de formed
.
a nd - mu ti l a te d,tha t l i ttl e of the cre a t ive powe r o f S lrakfp eareis to be fe e n in it
i
To u tte r, wi th the u tmoft ha rmony g ud piop riory allx the g rie f, a ng e r,re fe ntnie nt, ra g e , de fponde ncy, reviv ing cou ra g e ,a nd a nima te d defia nc e , i nc ide nta l to Lady Conf
ta nce , a nd to a ccomp a ny them with'
corre fpondent
p rop rie ty a nd veheme nce of a étio‘
n‘, wa s a ha p p i
ne fs onlyknown to Mrs. C ibbe r. Mrs. Ha l l amwa nted
‘
not fpirit nor p a thos in this pa rt ; nor
wou ldMrs. P ri tcha rd have fa l le n fo be low he rfe lf,if Cibbe r ha d notmill e d he r. To
'
fp e ak the a ru th;Mrs, Cibbe r has had no fu ccefib r in this p a rt bu tMrs. Ya te s
,who ye t, it mu tt be eonfhll
'
ed, “Qt-w
withl’tanding he r g re a t and ju ftlya a p pla u ded fltill, isinfe rior.
Whe n Mrs.“
Cibber threw he rfe lf on the g rou ndin p ronou ncing
He re ia nd forrow fit4
H e re ismy throne,le t king s
'
come bovk i
foi
it.
He r voice , look, a nd p e rfon, in e ve ry l imb, fe emedto be a nima te d wi th the tru e fpirit which the a n1
thor had infu fe d into he r cha racte r.
And ye t I remembe r, whe n Cibbe r’s King John
wasin rehe a rfa l a t Dru ry-Lane the a tre , fo l i tt le
wa s the meri t of Mrs. Cibbe r known to the world;tha t, in op p ofu ion,
to he r,a p a rty was forme d in
favou r of Mrs. Bu tle r,the orig ina l a étre fsofM i l l ;
wood, in Ba rnwe l l, who wa s fa id to be a n ille giti
ma te da u ghte r of a nobl e du ke whofe monu mentrs erecte d in
’
Wefiminfl e rw abbey. Nay, when theorig ina l p l ay was afte rwa rds revived in a t
the fame the a tre , in op p ofition to Cibber’s,P apa l
Tyra nny h'lr. Ga rrick wa s (0 l i ttl e acqu a inte dWith the g enu ine powers of this charming Me l;
pomene ,
2 2 DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES .
d ing behaviou r of . Au flria ; if he does not contribu te to the g e ne ra l de ce p tion by fe e l ing the re
p roa ches of Comfla nce , the vig ou r of the fe ntime ntswil l be we akene d,
’
a nd the inte nt ion of the
a u thor difa p pointed . The cha ra é’te r of Au flria is
ve ryu nam ia bl e ; a nd Mrs. C ibbe r, when the p laywa sfirft in rehe a rfa l
,cou ld not e afily
-
p reva i l onWinfione to make Au ftria a p p e a r a s odiou s to a n
a u die nce a she ou ght . Winfione wa s a n a ctor offing u la r {hillin two or thre e p arts: he was as ho
me lt and a ukwa rd a cou ntryboobyin John Moody,in the P rovoke d Hu fba nd, a s the
'
au thor defig ne d
him ; a nd, in Be n Johnfon’sDownrig ht, he made
a n e x ce l le nt g rote fqu e p ictu re of abru p t p l a inde a l ing a nd u nfa fhib na ble fimp licit He ha d the
g ood fortu ne to g a in a confide ra le fum of mo
neyin a lotte ry a bou t thirty ye a rsfince , a nd re
t ired to l ive on a n e fl a te which he p u rchafed inMonmou thfhire . Bu t it wa s imp ofl ible for anyma n long to refill; the p e rfu afiire ma nne r of Mrs.
"
C ibbe r. Winfione fu l ly a nfweréd he r ide a of Auftria’scha racter.
K I N G P H I L I P .
He re come s the holy le g a te of the pop e.
The cha ra étcr of P a ndu lp hhasnot, a 5 ye t, bee nre p re fe nted with tha t dig nity a nd inportance whichit dema nds.
Ma ckl in, whofe {ki l l tn acting is a cknowl edg e dto be fu p e rior to tha t of a nyma n
,who isthe be ll
te a che r of the a rt,a nd is(ti l l
,a t a ve ry adva nced
a g e , a p owe rfu l comedia n, a s we l l a s a g oodcomic wri te r, thou ld have re fu fed this p a rt
'
; neithe r his p e rfon , voice , a étion, or de p ortme nt , con
veye d a ny ide a of a g re a t de le g a te from the he a dot the chu rch
, or the fpiritu a lmona rchof Chriftendom . (min, who wa s p re fe nt a t the reviva l ofKing John a t Dru ry
- l a ne , fa id Ma ckl in was l ikea ca rdina l who had b ee n forme rly a p a rifh- cle rk.
And
K I N G J O H N . 2 3ifind ye t,
‘
it mu ll be owned, Ma ckl in u nde rflood
the log ic of the p a rt, it’
I may'
be a l lowe d the
e x p re fl ion, be tte r tha n a ny body. Bu t the man,
who p re fumes to controu l the wi l l of mig htyna rchs, {hou ld have a
’
p e rfon whichbe fp e aks a uthority, a look comma nd ing re fp e ét , g ra ce fu lon, a nd maje flic de portme nt . Bu t Col l ey Cib
be r’s P a ndu lp hwas le fs a g re e able to a n a u die ncetha n Macklin’s; the voice of . the la tte r
, thou g h
rou gh, was a u d ibl e . The forme r’s p ip e wa s e ve r
p owe rle fs, a nd now, throu g h old a g e , towe ak,
tha t hiswords we re re nde red ina rt icu la te . Hisma nne r of fp e aking wasmu ch a p p l a u de d byfome ,
a nd by othe rsas g re a t ly difliked, in the P op e’s Lei
g a te , a sih'
moft of his tra g ic cha ra éte rs. The
u nna tu ra l (we l l ing of his words difple ai'
e d a llwho
p re fe rre d na tu ra l e locu t ion to a rt ific ia l cade nc’
e .
The old ma n was cont inu a l ly , a dvifingMrs. P ritcha rd, who afie d ,
La dy Confia nce , to
tone‘
he r words; bu t the , by obeying he r ownfe e l ing s a nd hfle ning to he r own j u dgme nt, g ain
e d a p p roba t ion a nd a p p la u fe ; which was not the
ca fe withhis fon Theophi lu s, who a éte d the Da u
phin, a nd Mrs. Be l lamy, who p layed La dyBla nch. They, b y obeying the ir dire étor’s p rec e p ts, we re molt fe ve re ly e x p lode d; Bu t Col ley
’s
de p ortme nt was, I think, as dif'
g u fting as his u t'
te ra nce . He afie éte d a fia te ly mag nifice nt tre ad,a fu p e rciliou s a fp e& ,
wi th lofty a nd e x tra vag a nt
a etion,which he dil
'
p laye d bywav ing u p a nd downa rol l of p a rchme nt in his ri ght ha nd ; in fhort,his whole behaviou r was fo fia rchly Lllu die
'
d, itha tit a p p e a re d em ine ntlyinfig nifica nt, a nd more re
fembling his own Lord Fop p ing ton than a g re a ta nd dig n ifie d chu rchma n.
P A N D
i
U L P H .
T- And force p e r force
Ke e p S te phe n La ng ton , chore n a rchbifhopOf Cante rbu ry, from tha t lioly fe e.
Ste phen
24 DRAMATIC M ISCELLANIES.
S te phe n La ng ton,a rchbithOp of Ca nte rbu ry,
de fe rves to be he ld in e ve rla fting remembra nce
by a llEng lilhme n to this g e ne rou s a nd wi fe p rela te we a re more indebted tha n, p e rha p s, to a nyof the a ffocia ted ba rons, who obl ig e d King Johnto fig n the g re a t cha rte r
of ou r l ibe rt i es4§ang tonis a p roof tha t eve ryma n of ~fe nfe ~willhe inde p e n
de nt if he ca n ; for, notwithfiahding he owe d his
a dva nceme nt to the fe e of’
Ca nterbit ry‘
to the p op e ,
asfoon a s eve r it was in his p owe r,he be came a
fire nu ou s op p bfe r of a llme a fu re s which te nded ‘
to
fu bje ét the crown of Eng la nd to '
a fore ig n p ote n
ta te . Al l the cop ies of He nry the Firft’s re a t
cha rte r, whichha d be e n lodg ed in the ca pitufa riesof re l ig iou s hou fe s, we re lofl
,
'
a nd i t'
is fu pofed tha t King John had made away wi th them.
ia ng ton, by di l ig e nce or a cc ide nt, fou nd one ;
a nd this wa smade the g rou nd- work of the new
cha rte r : bu t~La ng ton had p aved the way for thisnoble efiablithme nt of ri g hts, byinfe rting , in the
oa thtake n hythe king , whe n he a bfolve d him,the
fol lowing a rtic l e , Tha t he wou ld re - e lla blifh the
g ood l awsof King Edwa rd the Confefi’
or f’ laws, ~
which Hume , in the e a rl ie r p a rt of his hifl ory,fe ems to ove rlook or u nde rva l u e , thou gh, in his
re ig n of John, he a cknowl edg es the ir e x ce l lence .
x I N G J o H N .
Thou ghyou and a ll the king sof Chrifte ndomA re lcd fo g rofsly by this meddling p rie ft,
Dre ading the cu f fe tha t moneymay bu you t,
A nd, by the me rit of vile g old, drofs, d a ft,
P u rcha fe corru p ted p a rdon of a man,
Whoin tha t fa le fe lls p ardon from himfe lf, Gee .
From this a nd the forme r fp e e chof King j ohntothe le g a te , manyg ood P roteila nts, a nd, ‘ among ftthe re fl, Col leyC ibbe r, ha ve brou ght amp l e p roofsto difcre dit the be lie f of Shakfp e a re
’s be ing a Ro
ma n Ca thol ic , which fe ems to have taken‘
its'
rifefrom the de fc
‘
rip tion'
of p u rg a tory by- the g
’
ho‘
fi‘
in ’
Haml e t .
ra she s
“
n 9 . a n.
23 V“tin
JAM‘I . shs “B“‘0
whoafiedxAu fl‘ria“
, on “ the revwala t M itt -Garden; i
‘
n I 736, was
whe the rcthrohg hi chance, in:
{le ad of he a ting onhridg e“
as
th e
‘
4 f ; "Iriot obfe rve
«screwb
a s DRAMATIC iMIS’
CELLANIES.
never a wasve ry‘defl u ent; in .
the ” He f re t ired‘fromthe
‘Rag e the p la c
fu p e rinte ndant to a hrewh‘
ou fe withlbecoming dig
nity.
P rié‘
c
’
e irrmfir’f ag e“
(z/cag ahéjds-‘
4me
‘
Rfdid nob became wa rrioifr
'
fo‘
i
ca r/j: MH Ztfic day: of cnioa fry.
4 -
?4rtbnfi-6cyicg cf 5 2 5m mElég .
non—Ba ttle of Mirabel.—§fofin f cndchnau ritowinan ncpncw to bi: interc/L— Sccnc betwe en
‘Hubcf' tand Me king ,
fwna tempt: bira ata murde r fl rt/lu r,
compa red toone in aMafl t'
nggr’fi a a af
’f n efifma ion - 4fia i/bfng nwe aaf
fou nd, fromB ante’i Infirma r
—e rffiibéc a ; g rgcat
e x cellence in Lady Cowm a n—766 merit}of Qnin
,
Garrick, Yl/Iafibfi, and celebra ted
fime‘
between fM éj f‘t a nd. ayaan.!-i- Str a ng e gikatfan
tion of an
~
a u a’icirzce’f ta a bea u tzL/izl afirafgj,H
‘it‘ ca nnot be dou bted . tha t Shakfhad p e ru fe d the chronic le s i
o’
f'
Kinga t lea ftx thofe zof H
drawing his portra i t ; of Arthu r,lowed the old p lay in
”which,
"to be‘
a chi ld of a bou t te n or elecircumfl a nce , he
in which Arthu r a nd La dydu ced, ,more p athe t ic and
'
dillre fsful. fBitt the p rincewwas, a t
‘
this t ime , in the'
fix teénthIorifew‘re rtt e ehth
ye ar; of his a g e, and ha d givein, . befor’
e his c‘
a p tivity, ma nyfig na l' p roofs
. of va lou r. Thou ghtheRoma n you th did not a ffame the ma nly ha bi tt i ll the fe ve nte e nth ye a r izof the ir a g e , the noblefpirit of chiva lryirifpire d he r ifonsWith a n earliera rdou r for the fie ld. It was notia n u ncommon
fightto behold a you ng fkni
i’
g lit a t the ag
K I N G " J ‘
O H N . £7
t e e n, c l ad In comp le te a rmou r, mou nting hisRe ed,a nd ru lhing to the ba ttle . P rinc e He nry, fog of
He nry IV . fou ght br ave ly a t the ba tt le of Shrew
y, when m the fiftee nthye a r of his a g e ; a nd,thou gh wou nded, re fu te d to re t ire from the
,ifie ld
T he fame P rince He nry had b e e n knig hted be;King Richa rd II . thre e ye a rs be fore , for the p rooshe g ave of his p rowe fs In I re la nd .
Arthu r had b e e n knig hte d byPhilip , a nd p re
fe nted byhim wi th ce rta in te rritories in the Poict evin, w ith the view of de ta ching him for e ve r
from the inte re fl of his u hcle King john.
O ne of the you ng p rince’s firft e nte rp rifes, a fte r ,
re ce iving thishonou r, was befie ging his g ra ndmothe r (b e e n E le anor . I n the town of Mirabe l ; thefie g e was fo clofe ly p re ffe d, tha t the Qu e e nwa sobl ig ed to re t ire into the ca ffl e john, he a ring -
b
of
his mothe r’s da ng e I , ha fieiied wi th a n a rmy tohe r re lieh An obIIina te ba ttl e was fou ght be tweenthe roya lifls a nd befie g e rs, in which the king wasvit‘ftorious . Arthu r a nd a g t e a t number of his folowe rswe re t a ke n p rifone rs‘. John wa s fo ela teda t this u ne x p efied g ood fortt
i
ne‘
, tha t he wrote to
his ba rons a p a rticu la r a nd ve rye sx u lting a ccou ntiofhis fu cce fs, in te rms not u nl ike thofe
of I n a l e tte r from a mode rn viéiorioiis monarchtohisminifl e rs of Ha te , comm m to g iveGod tha nks a nd re joice a t his The kinge nde avoured, by a ll ma nne r 5
, to
u in ove r his ne phew to his for'
th
to him the mi g hty adva niabu t the .you ng ine x pe rie nce d p rincete d his u nc le
’s oEe rs. of frie ndfiitp
bu t imp riu dentl infifle d u p on histothe crown of gla nd which he
And the wri te r (if the old p lay p u ts intothe mou thof Arthu r, whe n he Is requ efted by his u ncle -
to
de p e nd u p onhimi
"
A'
A R T JHH
U R Q
a s Dammit. I MiscauLIINIIas.u A’ LH
'
J Iui(R .
migtit ha sptm ik d, ad min-
g ro‘r t
.
r un g king of wa rtthcxdltdcm.
f pbn‘
thisb'
e‘
haviou rbf Aithu r,‘John
'
c‘
orifinedhimtinft
'
he caftle'
of'
Falaife .
‘
t u m o n 7- 0
B au m III Ik‘
é ché In g I I I-
hu manism“
1d‘
tha t‘
reJ is a'
ridicu lousfcenq n‘
Ifhema
the obeys; a nd,of éthem, a
'-m’olt beau tifu l
ou t z’fhe , p romifes
’
to op e
abu ndance of“
re al tre afiire‘
upon the . u nlocking of.‘
one , a‘rlu ftyfrier.
‘p roves
‘to
f‘be
'
the p romifed gold. This fa rcica l‘fce ne ,whichShakf
'
p ea re has judiciou fly‘
t‘
ertained the‘ “
a u die nce a t a t ime whe n the Re fornewly efl abliflied on of" Po
ePI"
do third act“,‘In a ny t rag edybf
fo :rich‘
in fcenes, whe re p ityand ter“
ro’
r diftre fs the’
fou l ve rn~it byé tu rnswith
‘
e qu alinfl u e nce , a s thisofiting '
j ohn. The
interview be twe e n john‘
a nd the
kinnolicitsHu be rt,"more by looksa nd afiion'
than
to mu rde r ‘
his'
ne p’
hewt Arthu r; is in theop inion of eve ryO
’
man'
of‘
ta fte , fu p e riore to
'
allp ra‘
ife .
A'
- la te editor ‘
oi afling e rhasinde ed ca l led u pon“
5 the r'
e ade r of a”
fcene‘be twe en Sforz a a nd Fran
‘éil
‘
co, in it withthis
'
beiwe e n‘
j ohn'
and‘
boldly a p
pe’
a ls tohis‘judgme ntrfor the décir n.
“
Thisfé'
ene inMallingeris‘wcllconce ive d andhig h
lyfinilhed ; bu t the lig htning itfe lf“is not brighter
initsPa th, nor' more afionifhing in its
efi'
eéts,
3g DRAMATIC MISCELLAN IES.
Dante’s Infe rno.
rTfin awfizlfintmce
in Me lafl g r ea t day, faystha t'
a u thor,e ver in Me e ar: of Me damned* . Thishe e x p re fres
byR IMB OM B A in zE tfl’
num.
The feve ra la€torsof—Iohn, .in thisre e ne , ha d the ird iffe re nt anda p p rop ria ted (ha resofme rit .Q iin’svoicea ndma nne r of afiing we re we l l ada p ted to the fitu at ion a ndhafine fs of ,
it . His‘
folemn a nd a rt icu l a tewhifpe ring s
'
we re l ike foft notes in mu fic , whichfummon ou r de e p e fi a tte ntion ; bu t, whe the r the
a &ion did not corre fpond wi th the words, or the
look did not a fl ifi the fp e e ch a nd a étion, the eEe&
was not p e rfefily p rodu ce d. If eve r Ga rrick’s
qu ick inte l l ig e nce of eye a nd va ri e d a& ion fa i l e dhim, it washe re . Throu ghthe whole fc ene , hisa rt wastoovifible a nd g l a ring ; his i nc l ina t ion a nd
fe a r we re not equ allyf u fp e nde d ; the he fita tionsofa man big withmu rde r a nd de a thLwe re not ha p p ily and fu blimely e x p re ffed
O f MolTOp , fu fiice requ iresme to fay, tha t hewas ne a re r in fie ling the throes of a g u i l tymind,a nd in conveying them to his a u di tors, tha n e i the rQ tin or Ga rrick. In my memoirsofMr. Ga rrick,Iihave
'
e ndea vou red, thou ghfa int ly, to do ju fiiceto
,the who, in this fcene ,
bore '
away the p a lm from a ll comp e t i tors.
L A D Y C oi
N S T A N C‘
E .
No ! 1
"
dcfie a ll comfort ! a ll rc cl'
s '.
The g ri e f, a ng uifh, a nd de fp airT of a mothe r,site no whe re fo natural ly conce ived and (0 p a the
u
t ica l lye x pre fl'
e d, a sin the Confl a nce of Sh'
akfp '
e a re .
The .Clytemne fl ra”
'He cu ba ,‘
ax
nd Andromache , of ,
Eu ripidesf though ,ju fl ly a dmire d cha raEte rs, havenot thofe afiéaing toitches,.
i
t‘
hof'
e he a rt - re ndmge x c lama tions of ma te rnal difire fs, wi th
'
whichConiia nce
i
t De part into é‘
vcrlafiing firé,‘
p re p aredFor the Devil and his ang e ls. Matthew 30 W. 41; I
"‘K ‘I N G t
i
fiR J Ga l
-I 'N
t;2
‘
” 5 ;
Confiane e me l tsthe‘
a udience into te a rs} ; The ‘mo- n
,
de rn imitationsoff th'
e ancientsa refitllmore ‘te e ble "
sa p p roa chnthe ” fu by‘
liihe zpathosof' ou
L‘
a D Y C'
O N E
ar z
noble a'
pofiro’
phe to‘d
'
e a
'
th IsFu'
pe rIor to‘tha t
fine 'invbe'
a tibn p f theZc lioru s inthe (u ppli
’
caints of?
[ Efchylu s to the fame ri
pbww.
‘‘5 ' i
0 thou,
’
afii§ned the‘
To bid’
hismifcrie s end” ;A nd in oblivion
’s ba lm to {Be e p hiswoe ,
Come, g e ntle de a th, e re tha t had hou r
'Which"
drag sme to thc’
nu ptialvbcd'
,
Andde t xmc find” in thy foftgpowe r,A re fu g e from the
fforc
‘c I dread.
t,
V Imu rmu rs.
u L.
taken"notice ‘
of Mrs.“v
Cibb'
e r’s
Uncommon e x ce llehce Sin Confiance . ItiWasin
de ed he r molt e rfe él: cha ra é’te r. Whe n g oing off
the fl a‘
g e ,~in t isfcene ,
‘
the u tte redI 4'
QHond a : my. boy
withfu cha fi e’
m‘
pha ticfa hfcre am ofj a g ony, aswi llneve r‘be forg otte n by
"thofe who he a rd her
‘
.
*This admira ble a étre fs, du ring t he re p re fe nta ti
on of this‘
tra g edy a'
t Covent - Ga rden The a tre ,a bou t . the ye a r: 175 0, sxwa s fu dde nly.
.take n . i l l .
The p lay was, howe ve r a nnou nced in the bi l ls.wase ve r re ady to fhew
'
hei‘”
re fpe étr. to the p ub lic . fa nd .he r willing ne fsf to p ro
mote the .inte rétb of th'
e r'emp loye r, came forwa rd~
to the front of . the pit, re adydrefied for the cha ~
ra éte r of. Cohfl a'
nce , a nd offe re d wi th the'
p e rmif-l
fion of the a u die nce, to .
ICibbe r’s
p l a ce . tor : tha t might . The 05
laddre fs fe eme d
a,
32“
DRAMA’i‘ié ' MISCELLANIES.
to”
be ehiire ly'
Jpn fir far-
Ma e: ‘Thihinnex pe‘
a ed‘
recep tibnifd
'
émtia frafféd “
he?‘1that fight
»?wa tfpre par a
ging to r
‘
e fir'
e‘
ifWh’
e‘
ft refine; hefthe ht theyany.
wanted a hint to‘
r’
bhlkl'
ih’
e fn fremt eiririi'
efiftbi-Ji
iity, a tkg d u
the‘mnblu ntiy
é‘if ghe wou l g ive Mrs.
Wothng'ton le ave to a La y Con ane
’
e ?Thea u die nce , asif fi‘om a fit of le
sa faa lse awardsbea u tifu lwoma n
c H~A P"T ; E R V
Arthu r: aiiihHiibe r‘ttf
es‘a fubjéfi > foz teri'ie:
‘
reqnire smore than
thi‘viriter; th
' ti'e a titin fu cha nrahne t as he ither to ' fhdekihé
’
read er;nbr fill the fpe
’éia tbr lj k'ith horror». f f he enfionif
of p u t ting nu t at perfonis‘
i‘eyes zw
'
as tmiknoit'n ~tb“
dot firilifby 83100; ‘andl the liemfl bu r B ainithj zm z
Q ] 4, C) cefiors.
E I N J'
Q 'Htilfi;
The cru el.eye ‘
was‘Inaroduqe d
Tha t roya l rafiia n,
ki l l in ofl a
owu $0refisthey,
Zthis,
inhuma n¢ p raed from john. byman .mone
r
pl/a‘
cid
enerally;nothas
“ W e may fa fe ly trail to theop inion of the fa ccu ra te
’
a n’
d indu llviou s Mr. Ma
p hew to d e a th, tamperedwhom he
‘temp tedkbj ; the h
came hisp u rpofc. Some ztre a ted his. propofa lswi thdifdain and horron: othe rme ride aa’ou red zma ccom
p lifhithe de e
young p rincemg difmiffedx
the te arsofith'
e u nha p pyAitLhu r,he wou ld Ta
'
ve a nd him'
ife é‘c this, he g a tfe ' ou t» tha t he
34 DRAMATIC zMISCELLANIEs.
ifl ill b e tte r to ca rryon the de ce i t,"
the,
bu ria l fe rv ice was p e rformed for him. Thu s ia r the hit?t orIa n.
NotW Ithlia nding that .
‘ou r a u thor
,
" in thisfc
‘e ne , u nl u cki lyfa l ls into hisOld
‘
fond habi t '
of'quibi
bling'
a nd p laying u pon words, ye t the ftrong-
p le ading s
‘
of Arthur, in the na tu ra l la ng u a g e of you th-1
‘
ftll innoce nce in difire fs, wi l l tou ch the he a rt of
Eve ryre ade r. To p la ce Ma rlow a s a comp e t i tortoShakf
'
p e are , wou ld revol t - the mind of a ny re a de r ;ye t, In this fc‘e ne , he is no contemp tlble a n ra g onift : the forme r ismore a tiet
oting the l a tte rmore
e loqu ent . Some l inesinArthu r’sfp e e chtoHu be rt,afte r rea ding
'
the wa rra nt for his de a th,ou g ht not
to be‘
loft.‘
- A R . T H i n R .
a,H e avc
in we ep s; the faints do thed‘ ( e lcltial te a rs
, They;fe ar tiyfd l, and cite the cwwith remorfc
They knock thy confcicu cc,movmg pity the I e ,
Willing to: fe nce the e from the ra g e of he ll
He ll H u be rt ! Tru ftme , a ll the p la g u e s of he ll‘
Ha ng on the p e I formancc of this d amne d de ed a
This’fe a l
, the warra nt of the body’s blifs
,
I nfu re thS a ta n chie ftain of thy fou l,S u bi
’
cribc not, Hu be rt Give not Godfs
'
p a rt away i‘
‘1 fp e aky
nb t only for my eye s p rivile g e ,The chie f e x te Iior tha t I wou ld e njoyB u t for thy p e ril, fa r beyond myp ain,
. Th'
y (we e b fou l’e lofs, more tha n my eyes la c
k,~
A ca u l'
c int e rna l a nd e te rna l too‘
A dvife thee , H u be rt, for the ca fe ishard-To lol
'
e fa lva tion for a king ’srewa . d .
'
o
Hu be rt'
not fe emmg to be'moved
,Arthu r ru b
nu ts, a nd bids him obey his orde rs bu t iiill e nde avou rs
’
to afie ft him wi th' e n imp re ca t ion.
Y citolling eye
s; whore fu p e rficics‘
yct‘I do behold with eye s tha t na ture le nt,"
S e nd forth the te rror of your move r’s frown
‘1‘O tb s.
K I iN G il‘] O lH
’
flN 3 5
To wre a k mylwrong s u pon mymu rde rers, e
Tha t rob me of you r fair re fl eéting'
view.
Le t he ll) to them;“
ase artlithey‘with tome , n
Be da rk a nd dire fu Lg ue rdon of their. g u ilt !De lay not
,Hu be rt , my orifonsa re e nde d ;
Be gin,“
I p ray thee,‘re ave me tof my light
Bu t to p e rform a t ra g e die inde e d,
Conclu de the p e riodwith a morta lfi ab t
Col leyCibber haus done léfsinj u rytoShalt fp ea re ,in this fce ne , tha n 111 a ny. othe r of the p lay. Nay,
‘
it mu ll be confe ll‘
edr :he hashe ightene d the a h
fine a nd a ffecting inc iing
‘
a folemrt ‘p romifewou ld p u t his ne p hewoa ccomp lifh the de e d ;
, hé'
ove rhea rs théce p u tting u p s
’
ave n for hhe a r
"
the 1rinoc for hte t e r Ila rs his . rg g e
Ha ‘! ‘wha t ris
‘
fthit Lhe a r !
,Diflttaékjon to my. { time He. p rays for me
FonHu be rt . who hasmad e his chainsfit e afy !3 hig hhe a ve n he ha s fo kind a ke ep e r
me a ns this d amp re luCt a nce ohmy browstrembling ne rve s .
3 Tins a g u e in my blood
,Ir. had be enwe l l if Cibberhad (iop t he re . but he
goes onto comp a re tha t.which wi l l be a r no com
,p a ril'
on, the [ta b of the a lla llin wi th the wou nd
which the brave ma n g ive s a nd re ce u'
e s in thefie ld of ba tt l e . Bu t le t.. me not rob him of a nyju lt c la im to me ri t . , .He p u ts a thou g ht into themou thofArthu r, which, thou g hnot u nobviou s
, 1s
e x ce e d ing ly tou ching , from the fitm tion oi thecha racte r. Arthu rx to g ive , unde r;hishand, a edgme nt tha t his de a thwas=vol untary a ndninfiié
’ted by ht; ow
‘
n ha nd} .
‘A RTH
‘Q R .
36 DRAMATIC iMISGEEDANIES.
- ’R T H DI V -K t”
112 1 (I n"
1
Mu lt I domore thandie . Q me rcy me rcy .I
1 J
filfi
‘
finfia x
kiri
'
u . 1 l
f" Z'
O ‘: I
S u p p rel’
sthyVoice ; onthan a rt days in dyings. ‘
1
A ”R II .
‘
11 a ;
will, 0 (
pare me , Hu be rt
dt'whfl é cilll ohce méi' e
ll nothe
t‘hThe corona tlon of
W e ak p rinces a re e ve r fu l'
piciou sof the loya ltyof their fu bjefis
‘; filth, who was confciou s
of his deme rit,"re sad to “fence Mm
’
Fe lf W iththe vowsand pwhlilhsof By their
re p e a ted baths: and ,Iiizflhis,
he ma nifeiiodmore confide eg rity of
his eople tha n he ou ght . For he who flma g ra nt
ly‘volate
'
s’his ohm mdfiToQM n adit
'
l'
ra tio‘n Whenhe iscrOWne
'
tl,*bywhich
1he 11111115 hunk ” '
to 11phbi’d thé laws 1n their‘fu ll force ,
‘and 1b Marinara
bli'
eswas shis rece iving homa g e from his vafl'
a ls,
38 DRAMATIC“
MISCEIZLANIEs.
{ cie nce by re crimina t ion on the e normou s g u i l tfof
hisinftrume nt ,
‘whomhe de fcribes asa n u g lymon
fiér,‘formed by na tu re for 218 5's .of v i l la ny -Hu
be rt’s feizing the p rop e r mome nt whe n the king
’3
p a fl ion is a t a n e bb,a nd re fl oring his p e a ce bya
fin loword, wi th a n a rtfu l , thou g h fa lfe , v indica non of hisown innoce nce—The fe a re fu chp a inting s of the p a fl ions, a nd the ir op e ra t ions, on the
human mind, a s no othe r wri te r, a nc ie nt or mo?
de rn, I fu p pofe , wa sia cqu ainte d with.
111:r‘m
To e nte r into a long c riticifm u pon the
me ri tsof the a étors who have rep re fente d the laff
ma fierly fce ne be twee n t"
he king a nd -Hu be rtwou ldbe tediou sand u np rofitable . I t is not inde e d loaded awithd ifficu l ty, l ike the forme r, be twe en the
fame p e rfons 1n the third aEt. There the p a th
onswe re ove r- awe d, and du rfi not fheiv themfe vesin fu l l day, bu t fou ght for a cove r in nods
Jan
fhru g s, fe a rfu l looks, disjointe d phra fesfl a nd, b’
r’
oke n
fe ntence s: he re they bu rii0111 1111111 the ve
of a torre nt, a nd Na tu re 13 p e rm ittedhe r own la ng u a g e w i th a fionifhingThofe afioi‘s
'
who“
we re ha p py in the b'
voices, if they had a
'
ny {ki l l we'
re l itreDe la ne a nd Moffopwantedireirhe r fireto e x pre fs a ng er , ra ge , a nd re fe ritmehr
,with t riith
and vig ou r. She ridaha nd (brim, e ndowed w ithle fsp owe r, we re obl ig ed to fu p p ly tha t iequifit
'
e"
by’
a rt . He re Ga rrick re ig ned tri ump hant .
“he was
g re a t ly fu p e rior to them a ll; His aEtion wasmoreanima ted ; a nd his quick tranfitions from one
p a fiion to a nothe r g ave a n e x ce lleht portra itof the tu rbu l ent a nd dillra éted miiid Of “ JoliWhe n Hu be rt fh
'
ewed hiswa rra nt for the de a thofArthu r, faying to him, at
the fame time,
~r 11W
He re 13 you rhand and foal for wha t I did,
Ga rrick'
fna tched the wa rrant from his hand,
and, g ra fpmg 11 hard, in an agony of‘
de fpair a na
horror,
”
K I N ‘G J O H N. 39
horror, he threw his eyes tohe ave n, as if fe lf-s
convicted of mu rde r, a nd fianding’
be’
fore the g re a t
Ju dg eoi‘th’
e qu icka nd de ad toa '
nfwe'
r
'
for the infringeme nt of the divine comma nd ! Mr
'
.R umney,'we a re
toldbyDr.Potte r, ca llsE fchylu sthe poe tofthe'
p a'
intl
e rs: Shakfp eare hasfu relya sju ha t1tlé torba t a p p e ll a tion as a ny poe t, a nc i e nt or modem.
,
The tra
g edy'
of King lohn wou ld fu fi
p ly the fine ft ma te‘
ria ls for'
difp la'
ying the Ikill‘of ou r mofl
‘emine nt
p a 1nte rs.The two fe ch'
e sin the’tlii‘rd a nd fou rtha ét,
b e twe e n John a nd Hu be rt, m e rit the‘
noble p enc il“
of a Sir Jofhu a Reynolds or a‘W e lt; Myfrie nd,
Mr. P e nny,‘
has g ive n the p u bl ic fome v a l u a blep a int ing s from Shakfp e a re , a nd p a rtichla rly an
e x a ét'
piétu re of the fmith a nd“
the ta i lor, as de
fcribed byHu be rt .
I faw a l'
mithIt and withl
hishammeq thu s,
With e a g e r hafie (wa llowing a tailor’s news
Hu be rt is, bythe p oe t,'
ma de ' a'
p rincip a l a g ent in
the p lay, a nd requ ires no fma ll a rt in the'
a éting .
The feve ra l p laye rswhom I have fe e n in Hu be rt,Bridgwa te r, Be rry, a nd Be nfl ey, ve ry fkilfu llydifp layed the var iou s p a fl ions inc ide nta l to the p a 1t .(113111 was fo p le a fe d withBridgwa te r, (who fol lowe d‘a t the
'
fame time the ' d iffe re nt tra desof coa lfe llizr and p laye r,) tha t,
-
u pon g oing into the Gre e n
room,afteithe foe
‘
ne in the fo'
u rth aEt, he itook
him by the hand a nd tha nke d him, te l l ing himhe wa s g l ad tha t he ha d drawn his a tte nt ion fromhiscoa llwh
'
a rf '
to the Ita g e ; for,
l'
ome times, you
know, Bridg e , tha t, in the midfto‘fa fce ne, you
a re thinking of me'
a fu ring'
ou t a bu lb e l of coa ls tofome ' old crone , who c
you a re fearfu b will «ne ver
p ay you for them.
”
Arthur’s"
de a th,by a fa l l 1111111- the «wa l ls . of
Northamp ton- ca tt l e , fol lows the
‘ importa nt fce neof
’
Hu be rt'
and Arthu r. Asthe de athof thisyoungp rince is made of g re a t confequ
‘ence in the tfa g edy,
It
111wiil'not be an idle , bufine fs. to enter into a ihort
gu i l t whichOi’ f?) a tro;
ing it e.
report of hisdyio by a fa ll from‘the Wallsof his p rifon was;in a l by j ohn and his a
‘goent
'
s;a nd Shakfp e a re ha s la id hold of . it as
"
. an hi ricaIinc ident be ll fuite d toxhis
'
p umofe .
Al l wri ters on'
this pe riod re pot ty . that /eve s
ry body wajs~ftru ck withhorror a t th
de ed ; a nd tha t,» from that moms
de teibéd, 1 and his s a u thoritxy ove'
r
baronsrende red ve ry pre cariou s. The world ' haseve r 10111115 1 e x cla imed a ainfi the wre tche d john,as the mofi e x ecrabl e 0 men, fbfiv fl fi? murde rs.To-be well afiu red tha t he me rited the
‘
odiumwhichfell u pon himin confequ e nce of the . aétion
,’we
ou ght to inquire into tha t prodthg
'
king and his ne phewfi ood in re la t ion to eachother.
A l thou ghthe feu da l fyfiemhad tjted t’
he rightof inhe ri tance by l inea lde fce nt iiithe reate fih p a rtof Eu rope , it was not {0 e flablilhed in Engla nd.From the -conqu e fiof ohn, a p eriodofdred a nd fortyye a rs, t e re
“
had be e n no
three fu cce flionsto the crown, withou t any re g'
a rdto the rig ht of re p re fe nta tion. John’s t i tle, as
there was no law a ainfthim” wawas g ood a sAri.ihu r
’e, and the viriliof King Richard in his fa vour
rendered
t N'
om-
J otneNr 41
rende red-itqfirong e r; . 5 the p eople u of
land,Lhaving saelmowledg ed John {or
’
their'
,fove reig n, 1
p u tfane nd to a ll fa rther,doubts,with
Isady’
Gonlia nce a nd he
we re foi
we l l fatisfied"wi th John’s‘
jri‘
ght ,
to‘ the
throne b f Eng la nd;~ that they ,
both'
refide d’for“
fome‘
time in his court ; The s
policy of Philip y kingmf;Francen ho con trivedg to a la rm the p rince
r a nd,histmothe r for‘ - themtoJe aland wi th ,
throwgthemfelvesu nde r his;p roteétion ; the
‘
ruin of
Arthu r ; for'
Philip rhad no-othe r‘ inte nt ion than to.
u fe , him; .as arir.
infifument in his ha nds to
difzu rb '
JohnziThe‘
yogntg p rince'wasnow be come
the p rofe ffe d riva l of his u nc le , a con? e titor for~the crownmof; Eng land, as Wolli‘ae a
’
c aimantqof
t tha t time e ns
the ba tt le of
able ' adVice of:his-
u ncle ,4fake /
the king wf F rance ; and r de p en‘
d u pon,
him,
promiiing , a t thefi him. inis du e rights to the u tmofi of his pbwe r, th
'
a t he
ve ry imp ru de nt ly a nd ha u ght i lyp u t the king to defia nce ; nay, Iii
is,re corded tha t he was fo fa r tra n{ porte d by p a 1011 as 10 Tha t, tothe la flmome nt of his l ife , he wou ld neve r e ca fe
fe cking occafion to be reve ng edof Notwithftanding a ll this p rovoca t ion of Arthu r, no
man Wil l be fo daring or wicked as to_ ju fl ify his
mu rde r ; bu t fu re the ca fe wi l l admit of confide rable mi t ig a t ion.
(Lle e n Ifabel, who ca u fe d her hu tba nd, ,Edwa rd
'
I I . to endu re a molt p a infu l and {hocking de a th,may be jufily
charg ed withmu ch g re a te r a g g rava t1on of g uit. 80 mayHe nry IV. who de p ofed,and tha t}?
to dea th, his lawfu l‘
fove reig n, R icha rdJ u l}: ii II.
111111111111: 01
42 DRAMATIC MISCEDLANIES .
11. SomayR icha rd III . who made awayzwith
hisne phews, King Edwa rd V a nd R icha rd, idu keof York, his brothe r : ye t the Glamou r a g aintl
the fe de l inqu e nts has not be e n fo ou t ra g eou s as
tha t a g ainfl King John . Afte 1 a ll,we maywi th
g re a t p robab i l i ty, in this ca fe , make the fame obi
fe rva tion a sLivy did u pon the mu rde r of Cice rcr
by Ma rk Antony Tha t Cice ro me t wi th the
fame fa te from Antony, iwhtchhe zwou ld have 1n
fliét ed u p on him.if he had fa l l e n 1nto his
A1thu r’s veheme nt e x p refiion of ang e r
me nt , whe n a p rifone r to John,‘ l e a ves no = roomto doiibt tha t he wou ld have g ra tified his reve ng eto the he ight, if his u nc le had fa l le n into his»
hands.
A Drama t ic Mil'
ce llany wil l} I hOp e , .
fu ch a n inve fiig a tion of faétias re la tes toa
p al cha ra éte r. This, inde ed, isone ma inhave m viewry, a s I be l ieve John’s infamouhiswhole re ign ha shithe rto be e n the ca u l
'
e
the qu efiion of Arthu r’s de a thhas not bee n more
ne a rly and imp a rt ia l ly fcru tiniz ed. 1w
FragmentnmLivii, tofu : 1111. ad fim
43 A
F!
Tfie nobler revolt ta f Lou lf,Da uphin 0 - France .
Fa lconbridg e viewing the dead'
body Art/lu lu
Va riety of afi z
’
on ex a fl ed by Sbakjfiara — Bea u tzfu limag e in a filmed of Fa lwnbridg a—Refizor/E e x
p lained.—7
-Mea ning of true'
de fe nce , a nd Do not
p rove me for —Garrick, in [oak am] a fl ian, inferiortoTomWa lker .
—D{fi.
er ent dafcrjp tiom pf Ma De'vi1.
- Hu bert’.r cfia ra c‘ter not j b odiou s: a : r ep r efinted in
Me p lay—Nook imag ery in a ,fibe ecfi of Fa lconbridg e .
—Méaning of u nowedinte re fl c—Tfie mom’s
bane . —Meaning of Me word Eng land
rema inde r of the ‘
fou rtha az is emp loyedthe poe t to qu icke n the re vol t of the p e e rsj unct ion wi th Louis‘
the'
da u p hinLWhoc l a ims the king dom in ‘
rig ht of his, wifei
‘
on the faiu'
lure of Arthu r. The 'fight of Arthu r’s de ad body,
confirms the ba rons in the ir re folu tion of joiningthe ir force s;to the da u p hin.
his u fu a l intre pidity, p leads the ca u re'
of the king ;bu t isfiru ck
‘with‘a floniihme nt whe n the de a d body
is e x p ofed to his V iew“ Hisa tt itu de of filent g ri e fa nd fu rp rife is we l l . implied by,
Salifbu ry’
s qu e f~
t ions.8 A L I s B U R Y .‘
Sir Richard, what think you ? Ha ve you behe ld,O r have you re ad or heard O r cou ld
‘
yp u it'
hink é
Or do you a lmofi think, a lthoughn
T1151; you do fe e Cou ld thou ght “1115 0115 11115 objcaForth
'
fu ch anothe r ?
By the fe fe ve ral inte rrog a tories, IwhichFa lconbridg e . isin nohafie ‘
to a nl'
we r, the re a der ,wi l l fe e
wha t var ie ty of act ion Shakfp eare e x afis from the
actors of his p rincip a l cha‘
ra fl e rs, and wha t ;opt
~
portu nitics
ra DRAMATIC} MISCELLANIES .
p ortu nities he‘
gives to the maile rsof the ir p ‘rofe f{ion to difp lay
fitheir ilfitie'
s:‘ After a l long p a u f
'
e ,
the noble p afiion of Fa lconbridg e bre aks forth,‘
a nd
he ca lls' the de ed b yf
its p rop er name :
r A L c o n e - a t 15 - 13 x .
16isa damned a nd a bloody'work.
s" A“
; -S ‘-B‘
u”
R"
rmis‘th'
e‘bfoodiéfi
Ta: wfl defi'
fm g tma the mat 111131119,Tha t‘e ve r '
Wallu e'
yetd Wrathor fl iring ra g e ?
P r'
crcnte d t cr the'
tea rsofi (commence ,
This1ma g e 1s e x ce ed tifulib‘
umheword remorfe doe s
“not, in me a n fince re
p e nite nce for pal} c rime st‘
erm,
‘
not- u nu l'
u a l
meannig
‘
s lwhich I'
u nde rfla nd d
commenta tor,
113 11 -
11“ a n r t
llwoola‘norh‘av'
e you ; 111111; foigu yddrt‘
dfi;Nor temp t the dang e r of myo
trl e defcnce .
Dr. Johnfon inte rpre ts tru e defiizré Homeor
wi l l wemmflfiit of‘11111rénf'
afnz 11119 1211111or op inion
tha t, in
hislife ,’
r?and f firengzthease sve lli
3 1110not Wedde da to:my;
S A -L I S B U 1R Y o.
«
416 DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES.
r A -L - C 0 N B’
R‘
I'
Dfio E .
The re isnot (0 u g ly a fi end of he ll,\
A s thou fha lt be , if thou didl‘. kill thischild .
Mr. Ste evens has a cu riou s note onthis p a fl'
a g c,from a book p rinte d in the re i g n of He nry VII I.whe re we are told tha t the deformi ty of the cond emne d,
”
in the othe r world, is p rop ort ioned to the’
de g re es of g u ilt in this.'Bu t it isfrom the concep
t ion of the‘
fp e ake r tha t the cha ract e r of a’
Devil’s
u g line fsis formed he re . W i th fome , 5 o1ie of thela rg e lt liz e , wi thbra nchmg horns, big la nce r eyes,a nd a le ng thof ta i l is the lmoll de formed and odi
obs. Bu t the brave man define s hisDevi l by g ifting him
°
a qu a nt i tyof fpite a nd ma l ice , Of which
he' fu p pofes him to have a la rg e r {ha re
’
tha’
n his
brother fiends. So one of Shakf’
p e a re’scha racte r
'
s,
fp e aking o f his‘ha tre d to his enemy, fays,
1111fight withhimwith111 themaliceO f a n
'
u nde r-ficnd.
Hu be rt’s e x cu lp a tion of himl'
e lf re nde rshischara éte r odiou s. Not c,
onte nt .with de nying the com
million of the mu rde r, whichhe might have hone lfl ydone ,
‘
hé‘fays, in e Xp r
‘e fs
‘te rms,
"I , in a ft, pont
’
e nt, or fin of thou ght,
Be g u ilty of the ,fie aling tha t fwe e t bre a th,
’
Let he llwant p ains enou g h to tortu re me .
This is a re p e t ition of his imp u dent affirma t ion tothe kingWithin thisi
bol'
om inev e r entcr’d ye t
The dre a dfu l motion of a tnu rde rbu s thou ght .
Shakfp e a re has drawn thisma n, in op pofition to
a ll re cord, in a worfe l ig ht than he ne e de d to have
d one . Col ley Cibbe r, on the othe r hand, ca u fe s
Fa lconb‘ridg e to fl ab Hu bert, on the a ccu fa tion of
the p e e rs a nd the lig ht of the . de a d body .of Arthu r,
’
wi thou t fa rthe r inqu iry into his g u i l t ; a ndHu be rt,
’
K . I N 0 719 1111 3 1
ing , «owns‘
the rju llice ; of hisg t punithme nti thou g hhe did not
'
commit the , mu rde r,he de c la res
.
tha t he once’intende d fit 5 , q,
i The”
fp'
e e ch'
of the B a lla rd, whichconclu des’
the
a ft , is fu l l of. tha t noble ima g e ry p e cu l ia r to'
shakfp
’
e a r'
e,a nd was
'
u tte red by' Ga rrick wi th g re a t
I cahnot think tha tMr. Steve e nshashit the fonfo
of 12116e inte re fl , in the ilmes that fol low :
g la ndi
nm'
yisi
l'
e ft;and top art by the
te eth
p roud fWe lling '
fl a tc.
Uaawed inte re fl, fays this commentator, ls, tha
"
t
whioh has no c la ime r to own it . Bu t c la ime rsthere we re,}a nd e nou gh. 1
; 1
g itBynEngtlafidf l l u nde rfiand John, who 18 often(0,t e rme d
‘
by;hirnfe lf,;and the king p f ,in the
fe cond a& . In'
this,ve ry fp
’
ce chu Arthu
fu l he ir to the crown, is likewife ca l le d
How e a fyde ft than take a ll Eng la nd u p
The king is now force d to fig ht a nd firu g g le fortha t dominion which he forme rly e njoye d, bu twhich he does not now
, in Shakfp e a re’s phrafe ,
m e or polfe fs.
In the fame fe nfe the word is u fe’
d ‘by Ia goinO the l lo.
Not p op py normandr'
a gora,
Nor a ll the drowfy fyrnp s of‘the Ea ll,
Sha ll mcd’cine the e to tha t fwce t fl e e p
Which thou ow’dft yefict day.
O r‘
n u . Aét III.
Va l'
t confufion waits,A s doth a raven on a tick- fa llen be afi,
h
e
; Theiem
incnt de cayof wre fted p omp .
Rave ns a nd othe r birds of p rey a re not only fa idtohove r abou t the carcafes of dying anima ls, in
orde r
berville
tfie bf lfif t, Wk“Jib it mfl
1 1 1 1 1
ij c k l fl fll
olx d
3 .
'
r
.
43 ll
. a r't f" 63 1 H
e rr-hP
K I N G J O H N. 49
(31111) T E‘
R‘v1.
t erm11g
HE fifth na of thiswp lay ¢ 0p e1ns .w.ith1themoft difg raCefu l even t which cou ld pofl ibly
b a crowned head a nd a g 1e a t king dom. Aowerfu l-mona rchrefig ning his crown and king dommto the ha ndsof. a
'
n‘
imp e riou sp rie fl , a nd becom;
ing'hisva ll
'
ai from him,and p aying
i‘
himta n a nnu a l fta x ,.wa s . a, new .a n
'
d a ll.
toni‘lhing lig ht- te a obu ’s own . fu bje
'
éts, .and 1 toa ll
{he'wb rldfi Shak are -ha s conne éled this p a nt of
obu’s l’til’torywith/the A'
dea th of.Arthu r, concern
1ng whomthe king inte rpog a te sF a lconbridg e afte r
the re lig na tion ; bu t, infi fl , te n ,ye a rslhad e lap fed
fince the mu rde r of Arthu r. A’ wickeda nd tyrannical a€tionsha d adiena tod the ? ba tons of
V O L. I. D the
5 0 DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES .
the re a lm a nd bu lk of the p eop l e from John : his
qu a rre l wi th the p op e ~had involved his fu bje élsina ll the mife ries of a n p a pa l ordina ncewhichde p rived the p rie fl of his fu nétions, a nd thec ommu ni ty of' re l ig iou s worlhip the chu rches
we re {hu t u p : ne i the r ba p ti’
fm, ma rria g e , nor bu
ria l; p e rmitted, e x ce p t in p a rt icu la r ca fe s a nd u nde rcerta in re flriétionsl I g ive the re a de r the de fcript ion
"
of~it in the l ine sof Cibbe r, ’
1n his’
P a p a l Tya g re es p re tty cx afily
‘wi thHume ’s
t ranfcrip t' of tha t a na thema , a nd to the e te rna l
{hame of the man , ca l led by himfe lf the S e rvantof the Se rva nts of
’
God, who, in a me a n {fru g
g le wi th the'
king for the nomina t ion to’
a bifhopa whole king dom of tempora l a nd
e terna l happine fs, as fa r a s it was.
in his powe r.
Cibbe r’s l ine s a re not dig nifie dwithp oe tic‘
numbe rs,bu t theyfu fficiently eX p re fsthe
‘
p op e’s malcdiéiion.
0 neve r wa sa Ra te fo t e rrible I
Now all the rite sof holy Fa nt'
tion ce arc
Infa nts u nfp rinkle d wa nt their chriftian name t !
Love rs,in vain be trothe d, re fu mc d e fp air,
Nor find a p riefi to fa nétify their vows!
I n vain the dying {inne r g roa nsforip a rdoo !
Eve n p e nite nce , d e p riv’d of abfolu tion
,
In a ll .the ag onie sof fear, e x pires !
Nor a fte r de athha s a t his g rave a p raye r,
Or for his p a rted fou l a re quiem fu ng .
Johnlwas now redu ce d to. the la lt e x tremity,ha te d a nd de fe rted byhis fu bjea s, thre a te nedwitha n invafion from Fra nc e , his king dom , g roa n ingu nde r a n inte rdifit
,’ himfe lf e x commu n ica ted, and
"his fu bje&s . forbidde n, u nde r a . cu ffe ,’
to p ay, himfobedie
‘nce . In this mife rable (la te .his on ly re fu g e
wasfu bmifiion to the p op e’sme rcy; a nd thiscou ld
onlybe obta ined byg iv ing u p tohim hiscrown a nd
d ig nity. Shakfp e a re fe emstohave Ihru nkfrom the
de te fled‘
fu bje ét : he knew the ju ft re p re fe nta tion ofc fu ch an . cvent wou ld be r fhocking to a n Eng lifh
a u dience ,
- K I N G
'
J O JH N . 5 :
a u die nce , a nd the re fore pail'
esitove rwi thasmu chce
‘l e ri ty as p ofl ible .
John lays, a fte r de l ivering his crown into the
le g a te’sha nds,
Thu sha ve I yie lde d u p intoyou r ha nd
The circle of my g lory
P A N D U L P'
H.
Take a g ain,F rom thismy ha nd,
‘
asholding of the p op e ,You r fove reig n g re a tne l
'
s a nd a u thority,
This {hame fu laf t, whichre nde re d the king a scont emp tible in the
‘eyes of the p eop le ashe had be
fore ma de himfe lif ha te fnl to them, was e rforme d with g re a t ce remony, 5 rd a t Dove r, fore an
innumerable mu l titu de of noble s, billwp sr'
ofiice rsof (la te , a nd all forts of p eop le . The c onte nttu ou s behaviou r of the leg a te {hocked a llwho we re
p rere nt, thou gh no ma n had the boldne fs to t e
fe nt hisinfole nce , or che ck his p rid e , e x ce p t the
archbifhop of Du bl in, who alone ve ntu red to incu r the difp le a fu re of the Holy Se e , by g ivingve nt tohishone ft indig na t ion“. Bu t, as if the kinga nd king dom ha d not beén
'
fu fificie ntly humbl ed bythis mof’t ,
a bje& a ét of John, fome“time a fte r he
wa s confiraine d to make a nothe r,refig nation of his
c rown a nd kingdom to'
the p‘
op e , a t Wefiminfie r;b e fore all the p e e rsof the king dom, e cc lefia ftica l
i
a nd c ivi l . He re he fig ned a nothe r cha rte r ; which,t o re nde r it more a u the nt ic , wa s
‘
f’
e a l ed wi thg old,the firfi ha ving be e n fe a l e dwi thwax onlyf Thisthe king de l ive re d into the ha nds
‘
of the le g a te,,for the u l
'
e of his matte r the p op e .
K I N G'
J o H N .
‘
O u r p eop le qu a rre lwithobedience.
K ing John, l ike a llothe r a rbitra ry p rimes, f a lls
'
t he p eop le’s fe e king re dre fs
,from op p re flion a nd
inju fiice , tre a fon. Had he conde l'
c ended to lille nD 2 to
5 : DRAMATIC‘
ms'
crjinaiirss.
to th‘e
'
voice ' of"equity'
and ‘rearon
'
, he ne ed not
have be e n redu ce d to the ,ne ce flity of yie lding his
'
é r'
dwn to the p b p c, Bu t this p rinc'
e , who neve r
knew the a rt of g aining the a ffe éftio’nsof his fu b
j e fl s, rwhe n defired by the barons to g ra ntthem ‘
a cha rte r of equ a l laws, (fu ch as the peop lemight ju fl ly c laim, a nd he bellow withou t - diminifhing his p rerog a tive ) wi tha fcornfu l fmile , de o
ma ndcd why the’
ba rons for his‘
do
minions? what theyde lired, he‘
(aid, is foolifh
'
a nd
,~idle . Then, witha n oa th, he decla red he wou ldneve rg ra nt theminchp rivi leg esaswou ld
‘
fnake hima (lave : The -mean ing of whichwas,
‘
tha t he in
fified u pon the ir be ing bou nd to obeyhim in eve rything , andg himfe lf to be fre e from a ll
‘manne r oft e llraint. "This conduct of John
'
reduced th'
e frons to
' the nec’
e f fityof cal l ing in Lou is?the da u
phin to their a llitlance ; as, in la ter tinies,’
the
p rinc ip a l me n of ithe king dom inv ited the P rinceof
'
O ra ng e to redre fs the e rrors‘
of Kin‘
g James’sg ove rnme nt , a nd to e flablilh the ir l iberties on a
{a re”
fou nda t ion.
P A N D U L P'
H .
Bu t, tim e you are a g entlei
conv'
e rtite - lv
‘I t is
'
obl'
e'
rvable that, from the t ime of John’s
fu bmifl ion'
to Rome,t he lang u a g e of tha t cou rt,
cling liimfi was g re a t ly a l te re d.
’
He who ha d
be e n p a inted, by’
the p op e a nd hisadhe re nts, asa n
imp iou s’
mo'
n’
lie r,“
Itained w ith the worft of a ll .
vices, and more e fp e cia llywi thhe re fy a nd dif'
obe v
dience ‘to the holy fe e , was now e x tp lled to the
lkies as the be lt”
of men, and the molt re l ig iou sa nd p iou sof a ll
-
p rince s.The word canveqtite us fo
a
e afily de rived fromfewer}, tha t Mr.
l
Sie eve ns‘
ne e‘ded not to have
mthentica ted it “ fromMarlow.
‘It is
"
no u'
n'
cotn
5 4 DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES .
fp e a re ca nnot,
‘
eve n wi th the u nremitting fpirit ofa Fa lconbridg e , enl ive n the difma l fce ne .
Hts fp e e ch to John, be g inning wi th—Whe re fore ' do you droop Why look you fad
Be g rea t in aét asyou ha ve be en in thou ght, &c.
is fu l l of tha t nobl e a rdorwith which the g e niu sof Shakfp e a re infpires this‘ favou ri te cha ra éie r.
Bu t it is obfe rva ble , a l thou ghFa lconbridg e re ta inshis g a l lantry to the l a ft, tha t, a fte r the mu rde r ofArthu r a nd the refig na tion of John, he drop s hisve in of humou r John himfe lf
, a fte r his a bj ectfu bmiliion. to the p op e , be comes life le fs a nd de f
p ondin
In fome of Shakfp e a re’shiliorica l p lays, the la fi
2 61isnot fu p porte d wi th the fame vig ou r a s thofe
which p re ce de . King John is coniia ntly fu p p lie dwi thdrama tic fu e l , whichb la z e s brig ht ly to the
e nd. The fce nesbe twe e nLou is a nd Sa lifbu ry, a ndP a ndu lph a nd Lou is, a re made imp orta nt by int e re fling bu fine fs. The cha raGte r of a n
O
Eng lilhnobl ema n
,re du ced by the ou tra g e of tyra nny to
d raw his fword a g ainl’c his fove reig n , difp lays a
wa rm p ictu re of p a triotifm,of
’
g a lla ntry, a nd te n
de rne fs. Lou is, in contemn ing the thre a ts of the
c a rdina l , a p p e a rs a ma n of cou ra g e a nd a p ol iticran.
i
D A U P H I N .
A nd come you now to te ll me John ha thmade
His p e ace withRome ? Wha t is tha t p e ace tome ?
Afte r John’s fu bmiflion to the p op e , hiliori~
a ns te l l u s tha t the l e g a te thre a te ne d K ing Phi l ipa nd his fon Lou isw i the x commu nica ticn if theydid
not,
refig n the ir p re te nfxons to, a nd imme dia te lywithdraw . their forces from , E ng land ; for tha t
king dom, he fa id, ,was now become a fie f‘
of the,
holy fe e . Notwit—hfla nding the fpirite d op pofiiionof
K I N G J o H N .
‘
5 ;V
of Lou is and his fa the r King Phi l ip , they) we reobl i g e d to fu bmit to the p op e ; who, not fa tisfied
wi th this comp l ia'
nce , éx a é’ted a difg racefu l p e n ~
a nce from them ; a nd e ve n wi th this l a fimort ifying inju nfiion of p a p a l a u thori ty they we re oblige d to comp ly. S u p e rflition had, in thofe day ;s a
fl rong hold on the minds of the p eop l e . Gre a t
wasihe awe of the p rieiihood . Al ta rs, relics,”
a nd
m ira c l es, fu p p ofed to be wrou ght at the lhririe of
S t .
”
Thoma s a Be cke t, a nd othe r fu chfa ints’
,we re
he ld 1n the g re a te five ne ra tton. They ma de a n
equ a l imp re fl ion on a ll ra nks of p e op l e , a nd ha d
more e ffect on the ir p a fiions tha n law,re a fon
,
‘a nd
humani ty. I t was, p e rha p s, we l l forma nkind tha t
fu chwasthe powe r of big otrya nd fu p e rilition.
’Le t
u s fu p pofe , for the fake of a rg ume nt , tha t ou r hard- a
he a rte d kings a nd the ir fava ge «ba rons had be e n
q/ibrf'
tr férir, or mode rn fre e thinke rs! wha t wotildhave be e n the lot of the common p eop l e , who a t
tha t t ime , in a ll p a rts of Eu rop e , we re l i ttl e be t
t e r tha n fl ave s?
The fu dde n e ntra nce of Fa lconbridg e 1s a bru p t,and; with1noor thre e l ive lyfiriétu res u pon Fre nch f
cou ra g e , ha s ra the r too mu ch noife a nd p a ra de ,
bu t his re p roa ch to the Eng lifh‘revol te rs is ke en ,
a nd fa rca fl ica l.
B,
A T A R D
Their thimble sinto a rmed g a u ntle tscha ng e ;Their ne e lds to l ance s
The lword neck! is flill: u fed by the common
p e Op le . 1n Shrop fhire .
In the fp e e chof Salifbu ry, 1n this a ct , a nd I thinknowhe re e lfe throu gh the p lay, doe s the a u thor '
hint a t the ttru e ca u fe of the g re a t qu a rre l be tweens
John and his ba ronsl i
-
i-i - S t
‘1chis theinfeé'tion of the time?1
"
That?for the he a ltha nd p hyfic of ou r right,D 4
5 6 DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES.
We cannot de a l bu t withthe ve ryha nd
Of fte'
rn injnltice and confu fe‘
d wrong .
The niu r'
derl
offl rthu rwasnot_the ca u fe of this
conte ll ; for the de a thof tha t young p rin‘ce cou ldnot be a
,
re a fona ble p re te nce to diifolve the' bonds
of a l le g ia nce betwee n king a nd fu bje& . The fce‘
ne
I am fpg aking of, in orde r of t ime,Was a fte r the
kin had fig ned the Gre a t Cha rte r withhisba rons,a n fworn toma inta in a llitsa rtic l es a nd cove nantshisre folu tion to bre ak throu g hhismolt folemn e n
g a g eme nts, ma nifefied byhis invading the,
e lla tes
of hisnobl es, drove them into the a rmsof FranceMr. P e nna nt
,in his tou r throu gh Scotlandfire
cords an a ne cdote whichW111give my re a de rs a ju flt
gdes of the e ftima tion in whichJohn was he ld byhisfu bje éi
’
s. the king wasg re fa. northwa rds, to lay wafte the
nob i l i tywhohadn
be e n the mofl a ét ive to compe lhim to lig n the Gre a t Cha rte r of Libe rty, the ln -fhabi ta ntsof Morp e th, as foon as he a p p roa ched»
the p l a ce , (fo odious had he re nde re d himfe lf,) rathe rt han g ive e nte rtaimne nt tohim.a nd his forces,fe
'
t'
re to“the ir hou fe s, a nd conftun ed the
' townl toa thes.
” P e‘
nnant’s Tou r to Scot land.
It may be a lked, p e rha ps, for wha t re a fon
Shakfp e a re did not embra ce a n occafion fo fa irly.
g ive n in the choice of the fu bjeét, to bring the
g re a t qu e flion‘of libe rty
‘
u pon the Ra g e , Jbyin
trodu cing the'
g rand difp ute be tween the kmg and
the king dom. The f ubjizEf is g lbriou'
s, and the
pon of Shakfpe a re wou ld .haye :aiflorne d‘it. But the
p oe t p rodu ce d hisKin John inthe daysdf piei‘og a
a'
t itre ,in an writ 100, 15 e p 1p r‘eiog ativeswaspop u la r.
It Wasa t tha t rema rkabl e p eriod when the powerofthe crown was a t itsr he ight p a rul a r
-the‘
fame '
t inmthe p rince t was be love d, nay a dot e d, by the sp e o
x-v
p le : a p eop le made , hgppy. by a,,
3 adminifira -o7
i
. it ?“ J Q, ( v
K - I‘
N G"
. Jiro FIN . 5 7
a dminifl ra t‘
idn of g ove rnme nt, u nde r a re nownedand u nive rfa lly
- a dmire d qu e e n.
In a ba tt l e e x cu rfion, John a nd Hu bert p re p arethe re ade r, by the fickne fs of the king , for . the
c lol'
e of the trag edy. There thort fcenes a re of
re a l imp orta nce , . thou g h ofte n ne g lefi ed
of fome m e rit, beca u fe not a ttendedwi th ex p e a eda p p la u l
'
e . It was the g re a t e x ce l le nce of Ga rricktohold in remembra nce the
“
cha racte r he p layed,through a ll itsvar iou s fl a g esf No fitfi
'
a tiomof itwha teve r was
‘
ne g le&ed byhim. By-his ex treme
;
e a rmfine fs to a pp e ar alwayhe rou f
'
e d the a ndie n‘
ce to a xcorre l'
pondefiba tion ofhis action. In thisdia logu e withGa rrick’s look, walk, a nd fp e e
‘
ch, confe lled_ the
ma n broke n withincelTant a nx ie ty, a nd difeafed x
bothin "cody and mind. De fp airt and d eath»
,
fe emed to hove r rou nd him.
The difctwe ry of Lo‘u is’s treachery, byMe lon,
to Sa lilbu ry a nd othe rs, p u ts a n e nd t o the ‘fevoltof the Eng lilh p e e rs, ‘
who'
re tu rn to the king .
An eme nda tion of Theoba ld, in a l ine fpoke rabyMe lu n
,de
'
feives notice . .Iiifléad of,
UnthreadEthe rode eye
‘éf’rcbelhon
h‘
e p rogol'
ésto read,
Untre ad the rude wayof rebellion ,
Mr. S te eve nsju fiifie sthe old reading bya p a rallélp afi
‘
a’
g e in Le a r,‘
fpoken byfRe
‘
g ahjto Glo’
fl e r.
Thre ading da rk- ey'd night.
And ye t titcmu fl be zconfe fl’
edwha tr
Dheobla ld’s con
ie a u re fe ems tobe fu p porte d by a l ine of Sa litb u a . “
ryin thisve ryfoe ne
We willuntread the fe}: of damned flight,
5 8 DRAMATIC MiSCELLANIES .
Afte r a ll, Shakfp e a re fe ems fond of introdu c ingthe word eye on ma ny occ afions ; a s Me eye ofdear/z, be tu rn
ed a n eye of daa tfiu p rn/
ma,my mind
’s
e ye , Sac . Unthre ad the ru de eye of re be l l ion,may p . obably me a n c l e a ring the eye
- fig ht of re
b e l l ion from a llfilm a nd e x tra neou sma t te r, fo tha t
it may fe e the p a th to du tywithp e rfpicuity.
The la fl Sce ne .
Shakfp e a re has, in re l a t ing the de a th of the
king , fol lowe d Ca x tonf
s Chré nicle a nd the old p l ay,thou gh fe ve ra l hilloria ns a ttribu te his demife to a
v iol ent feve r, oe cafione d by the lofs of a ll his
ba g g a g e in the Lincoln ma rfhes, a nd his indif
c re e t a nd g re e dy e a t in’
g of p e a che s to qu e nchhis
rhit fl .* The p oifoning of John a t Swinlte d - a bbey
p re fe nte d to the p oe t’sm ind a ninte re fting fce ne of
p i ty a nd te rror. In this he has cop ied a n ide a ofb la rlow,
if we fu p pofe him to be the a u thor ofthe old p lay.
K I N G J O H N .
Philip , fome drink . Oh! for the frozen Alp s,To t u mble on a nd cool thisinwa rd be at
Tha t ra g eth as a fu rnace feve n- fold hot.
Mr. Sewa rd, in the p re fa ce tohis e d it ion of Be a umont a nd F le tche r, p refe rs the poifoning of Alphonfo, in the ir p l ay of
‘
A wife wife for a month, to
Shakfp e a‘
r’s [Gene
'
,of King John.
The me rit,of tha t fe e ns is g re a t bu t the a u
thors ha ve fu re lyfa id ‘
more tha n wa s ne ce ffa r/y.
I t is tru e, the irima g e s'
corre fp ond wi ththe fu bje ét,a nd the ir l inesin g e ne ra l a re worke d u p to g re a t
p e r
i S p e e d, from va riou s a u thors, cha rg es the monks with p oi
foning John ; a nd qu ote s, in p roof of it , a faying of He n ry I I I.
his fon a nd fu cce fl'
or, to the abbot of Cle rke nwe ll Me a n you
to tu rn me ou t; or’
the king dom, and a fterwa rds to mu rder me,
asmyfa the r wasdealtWith
K'
I N G 10 11 5 1. 5 9
p e rfe&ion: bu t‘the fitua tionwou ld‘not a dmi t of
fu ch prol i x i ty, or foch nice de fc rip tionsof he a tand with their feve ra l a ttribu tes. Shakf
p e a re knew . humanna tu re be tte r tha n the fe his
imi ta tors a nd e nviou s riva ls; He knew whe re to
fl op . The ir he adswe re a t work -whi le his he a rtwas bu fy 1n its fe e lin s
O ne fp e e ch of AA honfo, m The W ife for aMonth, a nd a nothe r nomS hakfp e a re
’s John, wi ll
p e rha p s convince the re a de r tha t I do. not wrongthe ce lebra ted drama tic twins.
W ife for a Month.
”
P H '
0 N sfo.
Give me more a n a rr,more air ; blow, blow
O p e n, thou e a lte rn g a te , a nd blow u p on mei
Diftil thy cold dews,O thou 1cymoon,
A nd, rive rs, ru n throu g hmy a ffliéte d fpirit .
l a rria ll fire , fire , fire ! The ra ging dog- (tar
R eig nsin my bl .ood 0h . which way(ha ll ! tu rnm e ?
E tna a nd a ll his fl ame s bu rn 1nmyhea d.
F ling me into the oce a n,or I p e rilh.
Dig , dig , dig , till the fp ring s fly u p ;The cold
,cold
,fp ring s, tha t I may le a p 1nto
’em
And ba the my fcorch’d limbs tn their p u rling ple atin g ,“r
O r (hoot me u p into the highe r re gion,Whe re tre a fu re s of de liciou s (now a re nou rilh
‘d,
A nd banqu e ts of Iwect hail '
King John.
P R I N
i
C E
l
H E N R Y .
Howfa resyou r maj e lty?
J o H N .
P oifon’d—ill fa re ! de a d ! forfook ! canofi
‘12 35
A nd none of you will bid the winter come ,To thru lt his icy tirig e rs 1n mymawNor le t my king dom’
s rive rs take t heir cou rt'eThrou ghmy bu rn
’d bofom,
nor intre a t the North.To make his ble ak winds kifsmyp arched lip sAnd comfort me withcold.
60 DRAMATIC MISCELLAWES.
I n this ve ryinte re fiin fitu ation the fe g rea t
l a rs a nd p oliihed g e n eme nmakefilp hontlbrill, a qu ibbl e r, and a atop
'
en ; for what {hal lof his de f rmg the frie r tobring Charitha t he may hu g he r ; for they fay{h
Infinite cold 1 devotion cannot wa rm her:
Whe n he ca l ls for drink,'
he wifliesta have
The e x p ediencfdidru nka rds L e t me lb e rt them a ll,A nd le t them drink their Worfi 1 - I
’Llmake them idiots.
Thisis not lang u age of a man in e x treme p a in
The re is, in‘
the o d p'
lay, a fp eechof John whilttin his dying agony, written with no common
p owe r, mwhich t he a u thor difp lays the rea l chara éte r of John, and more agre ea bly to”hiflo
'
rica l
informa t ion tha n wha t we find 111 Shakfp e aré himfe lf; who, ” pe rha ps, from fu p e rior j udgme nt,
threwinto ilhada fome of the w rit of hisqu a1i~t ies. The worth prefe rvin
'
gMe thinks 1 fe e a cata log u e of. tin,Wrote by.a fie nd 1hmarble cha raéie rs,
The le aiie nou gh to 10 e my p a rt in He av’m.
Methinks the de vilwhifpe rs 111mine e a rs,
A nd te lls.me’tis 1n vain to hope for g race .
l mu tt be damn‘d for Arthur’s fu dde u de a th
1fe e , 1 fe e , a thou fa nd,thoiifa nd, ri1en
Come to accu fe me formy wrong son e a rtha
And the re is none fome rcifu l a GodTha t will forgive ihe ‘nUrhbe r of my lint.How have I liv
’d bu t by a nothe r
’s'
lofs
What have I low’d bu t wre ck of otherswe alWhe re have I vow‘d, a nd not infring
’d mine oath?Whe re have I done a deitd ileférving Well?
How, wha t, whe n, “the re , We ! be ftow’d a dayTha t tended not td ihme notoriou s
H
i“?My life, re p le te withra g e
'
and tyrafihy,Cravenlittle pity fa r’lb fl ra ng e a de ath.
Why did I‘fca p e the fu ryof the F rench,
And dy’d not bythe temper 917theirw asi
”
6 2 DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES .
a nd fu riow g efiu re fie u ttered fir} g rief, ”Ea t Me no
5 1am” : wfia «were yore/En: well . p erceived tbsinclina
tion: of Iii: inward afiefl jom .
The g re a t ca u leof his u ne a linél
'
s fhewe th the
de p ravity of his mind. By ,
fig’ning the Gre a t
Cha rte r he wasnow be come a king ove r fre eme n
whe re as be fore he looke d u p on his fu bjefis as
fl aves, a nd tre a te d them as fu ch.
‘
So bru ta l a cha rafie r, asKing John, Shakfp e a rewas ,
force d to cle a nfe a nd qu a ltfy, be fore he du rfl
e X pol'
e it to p u bl ic V i ew.
Whowe re the orig ina l a &orsin this tra g edy, it
is now imp oliible to know. If conje éftu re we re
of a ny a u thori ty, I fhou ld f up pof'
e'
tha t Bu rba g e ,who {la nds foremofi, among lt the comedia ns of
tha t a g e , in the lill’
of Sha kfp e a re’sJohnfon
’s, a nd
Be a umont a nd Fl e tche r’s, p rinc ip a l cha ra é’te rs, wasthe re p re l
'
e nte r of John. I lhou ld g ive the'
Ba fl a rd
Fa lconbridg e to Taylor, who wa s. the orig ina lHaml e t , Ia go, a nd P a ris, in ,
the Roma n Aé’
tbrBy the p a 1tie u la r ma rks of a home ly or ra the r
u gly form, g ive n to Hu be rt by the king , a nd not
de nied byhiml'
e lF, I Thou ld fu l'
p e ét fome de formed
Sandford * of tha t a g e p laye d tha t p a rt .
J O H N .
A fellow,by the ha nd of na tu re
,marlt’d
,
(lu oted a nd fig ned to doi
a de e d of {harried
—Taklng note of thy abhorre d'
a fp eé’
t,&C.
H U B E R T.
—Yon ha ve fl ande red na tu re in my form
Which, howfoeve r -ru de e x te riot ly,
lsye t the cove r of a faire r mind, Ge e .
The word quoted; occu rsfe ve ra l t imesin Shakl'
.
p e'
are, a nd ir- 1s‘
a‘
p layhou l’
e word ; The‘
cha ra c
terswho a re to be ca l led by‘
the p romp te l’s bo
‘
y‘to
be
13 An se e : mu chcommended in Cibber’r Apology.
K I N G- J O H N . 63
be re adyfor the fce ne , a re qu oted by him in the
ma rg in of the p lay.
I fa ncy,'
a nd'
it is only a fancy, tha t Be n
Jonl'
on p oints a t thisa&or in his Poe ta fl e r, by thename otffEl
’
op .
C A P T A I N T u c‘
c a .
Do not bring you r fEfop , your politician,Unle l
'
s you can ra rn u p his mou thwith'
clove s
t osr a sr z x, Afl Ill.
I fhou ld not forg e t to fp e ak ofMr. G a rrick’s e xce lle nce in
'
the dying fce ne of John. The a g oniesof a ma n e x p iring in a de l irium we re d e l ine a te dwi th fu ch wonde rfu l e x p re fl ion in his cou nte na nce ,tha t he imp re lfed u ncommon fe nfa tions, m i x e dwi th te rror
,on the admiring fp e éla tors, who cou ld
not re fu te the lou de fl tribu te of a p p la u fe to his
inimi ta bl e a ct ion . Eve ry word'
of the me l a ncholynews, u t te red by Fa lconbridg e , fe eme d to tou ch
the te nde r fiiing s of l ife , t i l l theywe re qu i te broke n, a nd he e x p ired be fore the u nwe lcome ta lewasfinifhed.
O n the la te rev iva l of this tra g e dy, I lhou ld not
forg e t tha t Mr. Smith e x e rte d himfe lf in the '
p a rt
of Fa lconbridg e wi th mu ch fpirit a nd g a l la ntry,a nd to the g re a t fa tisfa élion of the fp e Eta tors.
To Cibbe r’s.va nitywe owe the re viva l of thise x ce l le nt tra g e dy, which ha d la in in obfcu ritya bove one hu ndre d a nd twe nty ye a rs.
I think its worth has be e n ra the r u nde rra ted.
Dr. ohnfon a l lows tha t it is va rie d wi th a p le afing inte rcha ng e of inc ide nts a nd charafie rs. In
the orde r‘of Sha kl
'
p e a re’s tra g e dies, I lhou ld
'
p la ce
it immedia te ly a fte r O the l lo, Ma cbe th, Le a r,
Hamle t, Ju l iu sCae l'
a r, and Romeo and Ju l ie t.
64 DRAMATIC ~MISCELLANIES.
King .Richard II .
C H A P T E R VII.
R eig n of Rickard divided into t/iree p eriodf .-Ricllard
II. revived a t Cavent Garden, in I 7fi sh -Tue p lay
wit/loaf a ch raéier of‘fia'méu r er p kg/anti
s
y -t
é- Cfia l
Hereférd to Norfolk.
‘T/leir c/Ia ra c
nour of tile g a u ntlet—Rickard obliqu e a
of mu rdering an u ncle Glg/ier .—‘TruL/I
tne g rea t doé'
irine of enivalry.-Yke lie given by
Cka rle: V . and retorted a] Fra neir I .—C’er emony of
(”hairy—Ryan a ndWa lker .
—Lord Rea and Mr .
Rmnj ay.—Ex p la nation of wa x e n coa tz—C'
onj efl u recéncerning Ricfiard
’: préventing file jing le canzbat
a nd Norfolk - Words clea r, and (0 fa r
a sltomine e nemy, ex p lained .
'
Hereford’r ena
rafter a nd Me king’s—05 min»
a tian .b Rickard,
and Lotti: X IV . ag er'
febam’: fl e
céu fzt of Italy cmfir‘
rned by B'
ayli.—‘C
'
nara é7er o M;Glo er .
-‘T&a t of yafin of Ga u nf. flak
eare vindicated fromili'
e a udit of David Hume .- Snar
’
t a ccou nt of Samu el Stepne'
nr.
E reign ofRicha rd II . maybe divided intope riods: the fir
'
fl confiftédof that whichin our chronicl e s, the hu rl ing time s;
whe n the infu rrea ion Of the commons had nea rldifl
'
olved a ll government : abou t themidd le of thisreig n, the nob les annihilated the p owe r of thé
crown, a nd tifu rped the dire étion of the {late } towards the end, the court
'
a'
ud minillry'
ainédafc
'
endant, a nd, by‘va r
’
iou s’
a s (if injufgc'
e'
and tyra nny, the
'king wasrendered e x treme ly odiéiis'
(6
his p eop le ; whe n fu dde nly a bold u fu rp e r { ha tched
the op portu nityg ivenhimby the g e ne ra l difconteztt
R I C H A a D IL
of the p eop le , a nd mou nte d the throne withou t
the le a fl Op pofition. The twe nty- twoye a rsof Richard’s g overnme nt form amofiinte
'
relling'
p eriod in
the Eng lifh b i llory. I {ha l l e nde avoui' to comp a refeve ra l chai’a é’te rs as d
’rawn
“
by the ma fl erlyha nd of ou r poe t wi th the a u the nt ic te flimoniesofhiftory.
Thou gh Shak’
f’
p e ai‘e has ju diciou fly confined
himl'
e lf to the la tte r p a rt of Richa rd’shii
'
tory, ,and
to thofe events which bron’
ght on his de p ofition
a nd mu rde r ; he has nu t’
withflanding made me ofmanyha p pyhiftorica l
‘incide nts p re ce ding tha t t ime ,a nd drawn a va ri e ty ofc ha ra éle rswi thfire ng tha ndve ra c i ty; ye t, u pon the whol e , he ha s be e n le fs
ha p p y in this tha n molt of his hillorie al dramas.Thou ghMr. Ste evens and Mr. Ma lone have , fromthe ila tione rs books, p lac ed this p l ay to the ye a r
1 5 97, l am indu ce d, fromitsma ny p u e ri l it ie s, to
be l ieve it wasa mu ch,
e a rlie r p rodu élion. This
p lay was revived a t Cove nt- Ga rde n in the ye ar
L738 ; a nd Haynes, the the n p rinte r of the Cra ftfma n, wasp rofe cu ted in the cou rt ofKing
’sBe nch,
for p ublifhing a le tte r, in which we re conta inedmany firong a p p l ica t ionsof fe ve ra l p a fia g esin it tothe minifiry, a nd, pa rticu larly toSirRobe rtW a l pole ;Mr. He nl ey, a fterwa rds Ea rl of Northing ton,
then a ve ryyou ng ba rriile r, was re ta ine d in beha lfofHaynes. Among ll fathe rma tte rs, more ma te ri-i
al for thefifervice of .his c l ie nt, p
he p bfe rVe d, thatShakfp e a re
’sRicha rd ll. was infe rior tomail, of his
Othe r ,trag edies: tha t, althou gh
‘ma ny be a u t ifu lp a fl
'
ag esmig ht be picked ou t of it, y e t itsblemiiheswe re cu nftde rable s tha t it g re a t ly a bounded in
qu ibb le a nd p layu pon words; a nd this characte r?is, I be l ieve , nu t ve ry difl
'
e re nt from tha t whichDr.
Johnibu dtas g ive n of jt,11t ~isworthou r obfe rva tion, tha t' Shakl
'
p eare has,imthisp lea , defa t ted hisu fua lmuta nt ofintrodu cingfetches: p f p lea fantry to
‘
é‘
ontraft wi thfu ch as a remore
66 DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES .
more fe ve re a nd tra g ic . Not one g aycha ra ct eris to be fou nd in the whol e compolition ; a nd the
onlyp a rt of it whichborde rsu pon mirth1sR icha rd’
s
de fcrip tion ofHe re ford’s cou rting the lowe ll cla fsof
the p eop le .
AEt I . Sce ne I I .
B O L I N G B R O K f .
Now,ThomasMowbray, do I tu rn to the e ;
Thow a rt a traitor and a mifcre ant.
M O YV B R A Y .
I do de tie him a nd I fpit a t him
Call him a fl ande rou s coward and a villain.
The g rou nd of this qu a rre l be twe e n the dukesofHe re ford a nd Norfolk 15 no whe re a fce rtaine d byou r hillona ns. I t fe ems to have p roce e de d from a n
a cc ide nta l conve rfa tion, which theyfe l l into on the'
roa d as they trave l le d from Brentford to London.
Among l‘t othe r top ics, the du ke of Norfolk 15 fa id
to have made very fre e wi th the cha ra éte r of the
king a nd hismode of g ove rnme nt , cha rg ing himwi tha rbitra ry p roce e ding s, a nd infinu a ting tha t it
was u nfa fe to l ive u nde r fa cha n a dminifl ra tion as
the p re fe nt .
R icha rd ha d inde ed, a ccording toHolling lhe a d,fo e nt ire ly fu bdu ed ail thore he e fl e eme d his ene - J
mies, a nd was be come fo e la te d a nd (0 ve ry a rbi - 1t ra ry, tha t he thre a te ne d allme n with de a thWho
fhou ld p re fume to O p pofe his roya l wi l l and p le a'
fu re . The imp refiion'
which Norfolk’s difcou rfemade on the du ke ofHe re ford wasin a ll p roba b i l i tyv
zgdifi
'
e re nt fromwha t the fp e ake r hop ed a nd e x
cd The amb i t ion of He re ford was re g u la tedy confumma te pru dence . his g re a t ab i l i t ies :we reasu nqu e l
’tionable ashishi gh l ine a g e . He knew tha t1
R I C H A R D IK ~
a
Norfolkha d be en the ’king’sp rinc ip a l infirument in
a ll his bloodya nd tyra nnica l p roce e ding s; a nd had
be e n emp loye d byhim in the mu rde r of the duke
of (He lle r, his own a nd R icha rd’s u nc l e : he the refore , in a ll p roba b i l i ty, confide re d this confide nt ia ldifcou rfe as a p ol i tica l tra in or e ng ine of (la te , to
draw from him c e rta in e x p re fl ionswhich mi g ht bet u rne d
.tohisde ftru étion : a nd it is not u nl ike ly tha t
He re ford, by the a p p roba t ion of his fa the r, Johnof Ga u nt, de te rmined tobe be foreha nd wi thhim,
a nd a ccu fe him to the king .
B O L I N G B R O K /E .
i
P ale trembling cowa rd, the re ! throw my g ag e .
The g love wasa lwaysemp loye d asa g a g e or e a rne flof cha l l e ng ing . Se g a r, in hisDifcou rt
‘
e u pon Ho
nou r, a ve rs, Tnot be wbo lofitb bi: g a u ntlet in
fig bt i: more tobe blamed tban be wboif di/e med of izi:for Me g a u ntlet a rme tfi tbe ba nd, witbou t
wbiob member nofig bt ca n be p erformed ; a nd More
p art of a rmou r is commonlyfont tnfig n of deance.
I D E M .
F u rthe r I fay, and fu rthe rwill maintain,Tha t he did p lot
'
tbe du ke of C lotte r’sde a th
,
S ug g e/ihis foon be lieving adve rfa rie s.
Tha t is, he raife d the du ke ma ny e nemies by hisfa lfe inventions a nd ba fe infinu a tions.
I B I D .
Like a traite rons cowa rd,
S luic’d ou t hisinnocent fou l throu gh fire a rm.of blood,
Which blood, like l'
a czificing Abe l’s, crie s
1 Tome for j u fiice a nd rou g hchallifeme nt ;
And by the g liriou sworthofmy de fce'
n t .
This arm {ha ll doit,or this life be fp e nt.
‘
He re ford’s
0 A p art ofthe armou rwhichg u ardsthe comba tant’s(bou lde r.
1
68 DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES .
He re ford’s bold de cla ra tion,; to p u nifhz the man
who p u t to de a th the du ke of Glofl e r, cou ld not be
p le a ting to~the king , who knew himfe lf g u i l ty of
tha t mu rde r, by the a g e ncy ofNorfolk a nd others.
He faw e vide nt ly tha t he washimfe lf fl ru ck a t bythe cha l le ng e ; a nd, in the whol e fe e ns, Shakfp e a rehas made him a n e ncou ra g e r of Norfolk, whofefpiritshe e nde a vou rs to fu p port byt a
lfolemn p rot efn
ta tion ofhis imp a rt ia l i ty.
R I C H A R D .
He isou r fu bjeét, Mowbray; fo a rt
.
thou .
Fre e fp e ech and fe arle fs l to thee a llow.
N 0 R F 0 L K.
The n Boling broke , as low as to thyhe a rt,Throu g h the filthp allag e to thythroa t, thou licfii.
The noblefi le ffon of chiva lrywas a firici‘tinju nGtion
to a conformi ty w ith tru th. To this the knight
wasobl ig ed byhisoa th to a dhe re inviol ably.,The
g iving the lie was the refore a n i g nominyWhich no
ma n of tha t orde r cou ld be a r wi thou t the {trong efire fe ntme nt, a nd byg iving : or a cce p t ing a cha l le ng e .
The point ofhonou r, in re fp eEt to the lie d irect , is{ tillmainta ined a nd p re fe rved, asa p re c iou sremna ntof the infiitu tion. Mona rchs, howeve r, can dif
p enfe e ve n with this; for, abou t one hu ndre d a nd
thirty ye a rs a fte r this conte nt ion be twe e n Bol ing a
broke‘
a nd Norfolk, Cha rl e sV . emp eror of G e r
ma ny, a nd Fra nc is I . king of Fra nce g ave a nd
re tu rned the lieo
to ea chothe r, in te rms a s b itte ra nd bru ta l a s thofe made ta le of by the two du kes;a nd, thou g h the cha l le ng e was fe nt a nd acce p ted,y
'
e t nothing came of it* .
it oa r o L K.
fia t tha t my foVereig n fie ge Wasin my debt
Up on t ernainder of a de ar a ccou nt
Since laft I went to France to fe tchhis que en.
Robertfoa‘a Life ofCharlesV.
70 DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES .
obfole te whom,a nd defired the j u dg es to u fe a ll
l e g a l me thodstop reve nt the tria l coming to'
a n iffu e .
Lord Re a , wlo'
fe ems to have had no fioma ch
for the bu fine fs, p e ti t ione d the Cou rt of Honou r,tha t he might be p e rmi tte d to have cou nfe l wi thhim whi le in the l ifts, a nd a fu rg eon wi th hisointme nts. He was a l lowed a fe a t or p avi l ion to withimfe lf, a nd wine for re fre fhme nts. He was p e rmitte d to have , be fide s, iron nailr; . a bammer
,a
file , fay-
arr,
a nd bodbin,wit/i tbread and needle .
Afte r a few adjou rnme nts, the king fu p e rfeded hiscommifl ion to the confia ble a nd ma
'
rfha l, a nd thu s
e nded the la fl:of the fe a bfu rd tria ls.
’ye
B O L I N G B R O K E .
Tha tit may e nte rMowbray’swa x en coa t .
Mr. Ste eve nshas, on this p a ffa g e , g ive n a cu riou sde fcrip tion of a coa t ofma i l , from fome whichhehad fe e n in the Towe r. Bu t, with fu bmifl ion to
fo a ccu ra te a write r, I be g le ave to u nde rtland the
words,wa x en coa t , in a ve ry diffe re nt fe nfe . Byu
ling the fe words, Bol ing broke me a ns to e X p re fs a
high a nd confide nt op inion of the g oodne fs of his
ca u fe , ofhisown fire ng th a nd cou ra g e , a nd of the
we akne fs and cowa rd ice of his a dve rfa ryw As if
he had fa id, So l i ttle do I fe a r the powe r of .mya nta gonifi, tha t his coa t ofma i l wi l l
,to my la nce ,
be as p e ne trable asif it we re comp ofe d of wa rm”
.
The kn ightswho we nt forth to ba ttl e we re ce r
tainly not be tte r fe cu re d a nd g u a rded in the ir a r
mou r tha n tltofe who fou ght for l ife a nd honou rin
a ftng le comba t. Hiftoria nshave de fcribe d the forme r as vu lne rabl e onlyin the fa ce whe n a knightl ifted u p the vifor of hishe lme t ; in
'
the tide , a t
the e x tremity of the a rmou r when he wasknock
ed
Rufitworth, vol. II.
R I C H A RD II. 7:
e d down, a fte r theyhad p u lle doffhis coa t ofmailor, infine, u nde r the
‘
a rm-
pit, whe n he l ifted u phis a rm to firike . Vol ta ire , from whofe Ge ne ra l
Hitlory I g ot this informa t ion, te l lsu s tha t Phi l ipAu g u ftus, king of Fra nce , a t the ba t t le of Bouvines,wa s knocked off his horfe , a nd for a long t imefu rrou nde d by the e nemy; who g a ve him feve ra lblows,
r
wi
ithva riou swe a p ons, wi thou t his'
abeing inthe le afi wou nde d : (0
”
tha t a knig ht, comp le a tlya rmed, fca rce ra n anyothe r ritk tha n
'
be ing difmou nted.
Not one knight , continu es this a u thor, was.kille d in thisba tt le e x ce p t W i l l iam Long champ ,
'
whod ie d of a blow l eve l l e d throu gh the vifor ofhishe lme t .
R I C H A R D .
Le t them lay by their he lme tsa nd their fp e ars,And both re tire back to theirchairs ag ain
The hinde ring ofthisdu e l waseve ntu a l lythe cau fe ofthe king
’sde pofition a nd de a th nor ca n it e a filybe
conce ive d u pon wha t p rinc ip l e of p ol icy be a& e d.
AsR icha rd wasf not of a comp a fliona te na tu re ,
the de a thof e i the r, or iof both,’ wou ld not have
hu rt his'
fe e ling s.
‘In a ll p roba b i l ity, the p la n of
ba niihin'
g both‘
du ke swas conce rte d be twe e n the
king a nd his favou rites, be fore the comba ta nts e u
te red the lifts a t Cove ntry.
“ The king cou ld notbe a r the p op u la ri ty of He re ford, whofe emine nt
p e rfona l v irtu es we re a confia nt rep roa ch to illsown imbe cillity a nd worthle ffne fs. By banifhmgthe du ke ofNorfolk for eve r, he g ot into hisownha nds all the du ke
’s p a trimony, e x ce p t one thou
fa nd pou nds p er annum re fe rved‘ for his u fe when
a broad . Thisu njuiia nd impol i t ic fe ntencé, p affedon the comba tants, was confirmed by fou r and
twentyJ commifiione rs fele&ed from the u p p esan
7a DRAMATIC“
NHSCELLANIES .
a nd lowerhou fes of p a rl iament,‘
Who‘
w eite ,chof'
énto fu p e rinte nd the comba t .
x t N G a me n-r a a in .
The date le fs limit of thy‘dea r ex ile .
The word Idear , in Shakfp e a re , hasva riousmean,
ing s, and ve ryoften tha t’
whichis-
qu ite opp oft te nothe g ene ra l fe nfe ‘oft the word .
, In this ~
place 3 itfig nifies, ,fita l, terrible, .or\M 4191}. Soiu
'
Hamle t.
Wou ld I had me t my Jean}! foe in he aven
O r ever I had fe e n that day, Hora tio
I remembe r tha t Ryanwas fo a fra id the a u dience .
thou ld miffake Haml e t’s me aning , tha t he a lwaysre p e a ted the l ine thu s
Wou ld I had metmy dire] ! foe in heaven.
B O ~ L I N‘G B: R O x x ;
Norfolk, fo fa r a s tomine e nemyThe me a ning of this addre fs, from one imp lacablefoe
‘
a n a nothe r, fe ems to be this Norfolk,the bttfinefs 'of the udu e
‘l isove r : ' howeve r thou g h
I p rofe fs myfe lf you r e nemy, le tm e now ca lmlyintre a tryou , as a man a nd Chrifiian, to dilb u rthe n
you r confcie nce a nd confe fs > you r tre a fon.
” Thee x ore fl
'
ionisfimply nomore tha n, So fa r asone
enemymay fp eak to a nothe r.
G "A U N T a
All p laces tha t the eye of he ave n vift ts
A re , toa wife man, ports and hap pyrhave ns.
Thefe linesa re evidentlyborrowed from Ovid.
Game , viro forti, folum p a txia .
Soon a fte r the de cifion '
at Coventry, the dukesofHe refond and.Ndrfolkwe nt intobanifhme nt p ;on reading ove r the p affportsof boththe fe hobl e
"
iit R I C
J
H'
A‘
R D n. 73
men, in Ryme r, we fee a fitting pa rtia lityof theking in thofe g ranted
‘to Norfolk,
tha t1mblrc‘..owhichisca lle d, De
W e duh} Mrfilew . R icha rd cou ld not do lot?for the ma n who feemstohave incu rred hisbanifl trhe nt p rinc ip ally for obeying his i l le g a l orde rs, andease toowhomhe ,ha d robbed of the g re a tefi p a rt ofhis efia te . Norfolk d ied, fame fewye a rs after hi!ha nithment ha ted.
R I c H A N D
Howhe did reeth todive intotheirhear:
W thhumble md fahalfm ca nnery!
In giving this cha ra étcr of'
Boling broke , Richa rdis Ju flified by the ve ry words which Sha kfp e a rep u tsinto the fu rthe r 9 monthwhen he was
'
king .
HenryIV. al& III. fe e tte b etween He nry and the”p rance ofWades.
i
And then I (ta le all cou rte fy from heat”
q,
A nd drefi: myfe lf tn fu chhumility,
Tha t l did plu ck a lle g iance from men' 5 hea rts,“Lou d {bou ts and falttt ations from their tong u es"E ven in the p re tence of the crowned king t i
{on a ve ryfa rea flic pifitu re of
t Withthallolw joke rs a nd raih haviu wits
lsoomkind led, a nd foot! bu rnt , 8m. his. I
Rechard’s familia r
‘conde fc e nfiou wastoo
'
g e ne rai
a nd too ‘
to b e efie eme d of
wdrth omp a ny a nd
u rions‘ bore norelembla nCeto his fa the r a nd g ra ndfa the r, bu t wa smore likehis u nha p p y g re a t
-
g ra ndfa the r Edwa rd II . whom3m:
old hiftorians te rm a cba tterer . Few me n of
VO L I . E p rince ly
$ 4 DRAMATI C MISCELLANIES.
p rince lyra nk fu nde rfia nd the a rt of conve rfin'
g‘with
the ir infe riorsin a manne r tha t is g racefu l ly c'
onde -l
fce u ding ; a nd , forwa nt of this, the yiofte n de g rade
themfe lve sin the op inionof thofe .whofe cfl e em a nd
ve ne ra t ion theywa nt the addre l'
s to a cqu ire . H en-
3
ry IV. of France , be ing e x ercif'
e d in wan a nd a do
ve rfity from his e a rlyyou th, ,
a nd «
p e rp e tu a l lymixing with a ll?ra nksof p eop lewa cquire d fu ch a n e a fyfre edom p f conve rfa tion « a nd fog
-hap py a ta lent . ofe gtp re fl ion, tha t
'
he e nde a re d himfe lf to his fu bjea s
as,mu chbyhis a fi’
ability as"
his g re a t a nd illu flriou s
afiions. His c two'
g ra ndfons, our"?CharlesH; a nd
Lou isXIV . we re e qu a l lydifiing uilhe d f orl ence in the ir dit’fere nt fiylesfofl conve rfing . Cha r:les, whoJoved comp any, a nd had none bu tg me n of
j udg e d to be equa l;axif not fu p e rior, to a ny of his comp a nions, for thep e rt ine ncy, a sa vella sbri l l iancy, ofhisconve rfa tionehis g randfa the r He nrywou ld ~
forne time sve ntu re to
g ive a rou gh, or eve n a coa rfe , re p a rte e ; bu t Cha r
les ma inta ined his fu p e riority by neve r u tte ringa ny thing tha t cou ld or occafion an .im
re p ly. Hiswit wa s,tha t of
.
the we ll - bre da nd a ccomp lifhed g e ntl ema n. v ThQ g ra nde u r of
fiLo'uis’sm ind a p e a red irima ny fu dde n e ffinfions of
bons‘mots. he ria cou rt- la dy la p gh‘
edlat ‘the
Ma rtha l de‘
Brifa c, a nd lou dly‘
d e clared { he '
neVe r
faw fo u g ly a ma n in he r l ife , Lou is re p li e d,“JMa
dam,I dil’fe r from you ve ry. mu ch; I think him a
ve ryha ndfome ma n, for to him I owe ma ny g lori
ou swiéiofl e s.” When his g randfon Rhilip fe t ou t
for I\/Ia drid to_
a llume . the, g ove rnment of Sp a in,
f‘.Remembe r,mo
hRyre ne a n mounta ins,
”the
"
u fu alFrance ,and Sp a in. s
R Lee a a 'mfilv a t as,
Y o R it .
” Report of fa lhions tn prot'
td Ita ly,
Whole manne rs Itill our ta rdy t p llII nat ionLimp s afte r 1n bale imita tion.
1
Ita ly, , in our a u thor’s t ime, g ave1the toll of
fa lhion, as France does new, toa llEurdp efi TheinveélivesofRogerAlchem,
who 1n nine dayszfaw.
more wicke dne fscommitte d 1n It’
a ly thah1n leve raimonths1n ourgrea t me trop olis, a re ridicu le d,wi thfome fbew of re a
'
l'
on,by Bare tt i : bu t whehthe
fame man a ll’
u res u s, from his own knowledg e,tha t the Eng lilh you th, who re tu rned from the irtra ve ls in tha t cou ntry to the ir own, we re g enera l ly a ba ndoned 1n
, p r1nc1p le a nd diffolu te 1nmora ls,I ca nnot he l p be l ieving him ; btit wha t {ha l l we [laytoo if Bafl e, in the a rt ic l e of Ca lle lla n, g re a t aimone r to Fra ncis I . and who trave l le d toRomefome t ime be fore Ro
'
g e r Afcham wa s in I ta l,
lhou ld confirm a ll A cham ha d la id? Bayleg ive s the fol lowing e x tra é’t from the l ife of tha t
p re la te by I remembe r tha t whenhe was de fcribing the wanton lu fis, ava rice , a ndra p a cioufiie fs, of the Roman p ontiEs, a nd the ircodtemgt
'
of re l ig ion ; the p ride , l u x u ry, and la z ine l
’
s,ot the ca rdina ls the ir riotou s fe afl ing s, a nd
othe r vices, which he had obfe rve d 1n the cou rt
ofRome ; he wou ld be lo move d wi th indig na tion,tha t
‘hot only the colou r of his fa ce , bu t the ve ry
motions’a nd g e llu resof his body;were cha ng ed.
”
Bayle’sDi& . Vol. II . p .
'
37t .
' Lord Che flerfie ldfe ems to have be en more a nxiou s conce rn ing the
mora lsof Mr. Stanhope whe n a t Rome than in
a nyothe r p art ofcrop e .
a U N f .
x.
A g alafi infcé'
tion of war.0 413 - 1) ”I. A
‘ m’t w ru g
75 DRAMATIC ~MI S€ELLANIES.
Johnfon thinks tha t, byinfifi zan, the a u thor
me a ns tha t ifl a nde rswere fee u r'
e byfitu a tion fromwa r a nd p e flile nce : not fu re ly from the la tte r, iftheyhad a nyinte rcou rfe by trade with fore ig n na
t ions. In this rha p fodica l de k rip tion of Eng la ndbyGa u nt, the poe t me ans, I think to. inclu de 1
Spain,mankind be lide .
.e' l a
i
- e
A thoufind fl atte'
r
i
ers’
fit'
wfth1i1 t‘hy croyin .
’
Thy (ole men t: 13 having poffe llion of the
crown ; a nd tha t 15 the cha riiiwhich at trafis thy’
fl a tt'
ere rs, whowith the ir a llu r'
eme nts de ce ive their11.
R I C H 'A'
R D .
Then a l‘
u natic'
llca
'
n-witted fool, arc.
The feene betwe e n the ' dy1ng Ga u nt a nd the
king 15 not borrowed from a ny chronicle , .it 15 thea u thor
’sown inve nt ion thisg rea t .maile r ofNa
takes adva nta e from Gau nt’3 re ce nt inju ry in the
bandhme nt 0 his fon and his own de l'
p cra te lickne fs, togive a kee nnelis to his re p roa che swhichnoma r t in a fe da te a nd u nru flled hour,of hea lthvtimid have ventu re d to u tte r
, z
G A’
U' N T . .
My brothe r Glofie r, p lain we llrfip e eking yman"May be a p re ce de nt a nd witne fs g ood,Tha t thou re fpe ft
zlit not
‘
fpilh’ng Edward
’sblood.
s , 1
-
As the de a th or the didi‘
e 6I'
Glolie'
r was ere ntu ally the cau l
'
e of Richard’smbfortu ne more tha n,
a ny
78 DRAMATIC " MISCELLANIES .
hou rson he r khe es. Bu rl eyhad 'be e n tu tor to the
king , a nd wasin highc re’
dit‘with Edwa rd I II . airdhis fori the Black’P rince .
’
I nibort, R icha rd wasin the fame fitu a tion,
’
re fp e a ing the du ke of Glo
tie r, asHe nry III . of Fra nce was wi th the du ke
of Guife ; who was re du ce d to the ne cefiityofa lla fl ina ting a man who wa s be come too p owe rfu lto be brou g ht to a tria l . Bu t , in both ca fe s,
‘
the
imbe cillity of the mona r'
c‘
h broug ht on the ne e e fl 1 i n
.l
.
G N 4 T .
A nd thy‘u nkindne fs be like crooke d -a g e ,
To crop a t once a too- lonn ithe r’d flowe r.
not l iking the word‘ag e in the te x t,
p
Dropof
'
e se’
a’g e in itsRe a d : andMr. S te eve ns be fiows.
a y e ry inge niou s note on the fig u re of Time witha fcythe. I ca nnot he lp thinking tha t the me aningof the te x t, asit fl a nds, 13 ve ry cle a r Do thouforg e t a ll p rox 1m1tyof blood, a nd be come a con
fe de ra te wi th my p re fe nt Iic'
kne fs a nd the manyizgfirmztie: of old ag e , to de p rive me a t once oflife .
”
M o m ma U M'
B 1; R L A N p .
”
My’liég ei
old Ga u nt corn
'
me ndshimto you .
The re 13 a fp le ndid ray of g re a tne fs, tra nfmittedfrom hiliory a nd tradi t ion, {ti l l fu rrou nding the
name .of John of Ga unt, a nd which to this dayc'
ommands a of awe and reve re nce . Ifwe
e x amine imp a rt ia l ly the ichara él e r of the du ke , wetha t 1t bu t i l l con e fpondswi th tha t cc
has a tte nded his memory. I re a d
e x p loi ts oiGa u nt which cou ld e x a ltthe t i tl e of g re a t conqu e ror or bra veke his fa the r Edwa rd I II . or his bro
the‘:
i leg
th Black P r ince , he fe ems to have be e n
raihe r a Ca u tltmstha n a n e nte rp rifing wa rrior r a nd,thou gh
Rayon A R D 11. 793
thou gh no cowa rd, iye t lie -th‘
ou ght , WithFa lfl a fl’
,
no mea n p a rt of va lour. Thé
bou ndle fs a nibition which‘imp e l l e d him' to firu g g le
for the ‘crown'
of‘
Ca Iiile , a nd the “
t i t le of king ,which he ca rrie d wi thhim to his g ra ve
“
;did ‘
not
contribu te to make him a be tt e r fuhje é‘t .
‘
He was
the'
g re a t (cou rge a nd perfe cu tor oithe commons;wh
’
or‘
n lie la bou redi to redu ce to; a'
IIa te of
He thonght,"with Dr.
‘ Ma nde‘
vil le , tha t te a chingthe
'
childre n ~’
of the 1‘
p oor towri te a nd re a d wou ldbe the me a ns or: rende ring them u nfit for fe rvice
a nd the re fore rinfit‘ted, wi th the reiiof hisbrothe r
tyra nts, the ba rons; t/iar‘
nop oor ma n’r
' fon fl an/d be
p ermitted to‘
fiave a ny infiru fl z
'
on by g oing to fcfroa f.I ca nnot ha ve a doub t - tha t, it 'wa s chie fly byhisa dvice R icha rd was p erfu aded, ‘whe n you ng , to p ro
-J
nou nce tha t molti
dif‘
g u lling a nd fhocking a nfwe r
to the p e tit ion of the commons, whop rayed to be
re l ieve d fromva°
fIala g e ,‘Tfia t fl aw: May
and fl aw : Me}: fl aw/d r emain.
If he m e ri te d . the honou r: of favou ring Wicklifife .
afid'
his doihine , we can"
fca rce‘
a ttribu‘
te‘
this condu éi
'
to g’
e ne rou s' mot ives ; he ha ted the c l erg y
,
be ca ufe they we re r ich a nd‘
. p owe rfu l . But . no'
p art of his’
con’dué’c is“more
'
lia blé to'
ce nl'
u re
'
than
his!ne g l ect of his
’
n’
e phew’s e du ca t ion “
, whomt
he'
fe ems, for
'
flno
' g ood p u rpofe, to ha ve fufiered to
become the comp a nion'ot you ng me n whol e ma n
ne rswe re fdiflolu te a nd’
u tte rly‘
u nfit to tra in himinthat
h
dii‘
cjp lini
e whichis"
,ne ce lTa ry to for’
m‘a’
g re a t:
p rince: of Iia nc
’
a fle r:was p ubl ic ly a c
c u fedl
oll
la'
ying a p lot to‘mu rde r the king a nd u l
'
u r
the ‘The‘a ccu l
'
e r was p u t intothe cufl ody}ofSir John Hol land; bu t he was fou nd
‘de ail in his
'
chambe r the ve ry n ight p re ceding the day onwhichhe wa s to a p p e a r a nd make g ood
~
his cha rg e .
S towe’maccou nt of this tra nfafiion be a rs ha rd, I
think, u pon the - du ke
80 DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES.
The fc e ne be twe e n R icha rd a nd Ga u nt , on the !
reviva l of this p lay, was ‘a f’re d wi th fu ch p r0
p rie ty,“
a s g a ine d the a p p roba t ion of the a u die nc e :Mr. Johnfon, commonly ca l led ta ll ffifinfin, be ing .
n e a r fey e n fe e t hig h, the fon-in- law ofAa ron Hi ll,a nd byhim intiru Ete d, wasp rop e rly e nou gh p i tchedu p on to re p re fe nt John of Ga u nt thou ghhiscon
c e p tion was not equ a l to the a nima te d d ialog u eof the cha racte r
,or his fe e l ing p owe rfu l e nou gh
for the fitu a tion of it, his g ood u nde rfla nding a nd
de ce nt de p ortme nt re nde red him not difa g re ea ble ato the fp e éta tors. In this fce ne too, De la ne , inR icha rd, drew a g ood portra i t of a king e lat ed.
by p ride a nd p rofp e rity, a nd pofl'
e fl'
ed wi th an oh~
fiina te a nd u nfe e l ing difpotition.
Y o u
'
re .
I am the lafi of noble Edward’s (ons,O f whom thy fa the r, p rince ofW a les, wasfirft ;Hisfa ce thou halt
,for e ve n to look
’d he ,A ccomp lilh
’d with‘the number of thyye ars.
Thisre fembla nce of Richa rd to his fa the r a p ea rfip l e a ting in poe t ica l de fcrip tion ; bu t in fact, thou g hve ryha ndfome
, the'
king was fo u nl ike the Bla ckP rince , tha t it wa s infinu a te d, from tha t circumfl a nce a nd his a p p a re nt de g e ne ra cy, tha t
'
he re a l lywasnot his fon . Ifhis p ict u re , fa ys the Hon. D.
Ba rring ton, in his O bfe rva tions on the fla tu tes,
wh1ehha ng s ove r the p u l p i t in W efiminfier- a bbey,be a n orig inal, he ce rta inlyhad
i
not the comp l e x ionof his fa ther. He p roce e ds to
'
obferve , tha t the .
re fembla nce in p oin t of fe a tu res a nd comple x ion ismore to be re lied on, in p roof thananyhe reditaryqu a l i tiesof the mind.
r n }: M.
R"
I C H'
A RI
Dw
r lfi ai
I , D E ‘i we ,
Take H ereford? iridt t‘ak
'
e ft tfu‘iti’m‘eHis cha rte rs a nd hiscu ftorhaiy righti.
Le t not tm mrow,
M n e nfu e tip -day. 1
Be not thyfe lf ; for how art thou a king ? See.
DavidHume,who fe ems to efiima te Shakt'
p e are’fi
bea u t iesby his blemifl tes, a lfe r‘ts,* tha t, in
‘a llfhis
hiftorica l p lays, there is~ fca rce anyment ion of cit
vil l ibe rty:Su p pofe this
p lays, time the reite ra t ion to thts'day,doflwe
‘
find
the'
fu bjeék of c ivil difeu tfedor occafion
'
a llyinfille‘d fi‘ 11 P
i1h howmanyctr
-
ax
mas’of the Grr
‘e ek t ra gved
rio
arr‘
s'isit prefefl
'
edfyof”
ac“
cide nta llyintrodu ced' ?Tra g e dyGive sitsWe
'
m'
t he
p a thons; a nd'
thou ghitmytopic inwhich allma nkind are .
e d, fet by e Xp erience wéi’find‘ thofe '
playa re moll ' fra u ght
'
withfentiméi
nis‘in’faVoitlic l iberty, a re lca ft adrrfiredoftenisCa to eithe r! I‘ Wha t isbeeomé ot
‘
Denrris’s'
Libe rtyafl'
e rted Bu t Hu nk fi‘bfitin the
'
retgmetCommon rights
’of fu bj
'
e étswere no‘objéft‘tif p uhu
lic difcu'
flion’
. But"
is ne t the‘
l’
ce ne bét‘wee riRidi
thron‘
righiBut Y ork, tn
‘the
goes farther :i W
82 DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES .
I f you dowrong fu lly feize He re ford’s rights,
Y ou p lu ck al
thou’
t'
a nd dan g e rs on you r he ad,
Y ou lofe a thou tand W e llu difpofe d he a rts, Gee .
He re the fu bje ét te l ls his p rince , tha t, if he p e r
titisin his re folu tion to act wi th v iol e nce a nd in
ju tlice , the confequ e nce wi l l be the ha tred of his
p eop le and a c ivi l wa r. ,VVa rm e x potlu la tions of'
thiskind a re,of the very e tfe nce of tra g ic d ia log u e
bu t a tra in of fe ntime n ts u p on c ivi l l ibe rtyisfitte rfor a
“
difcou rfe than a p lay. Sha kfp e a re , thou gha
cou rt p oe t, haswri t te n more t'
e e nes to ex p dfe the
tyranny a nd O p p re tlion of king s, the p ride a nd
rebe l l ion of the nobl es, a nd the tu rbu l e nt difp ofrti:on of the common p eop le , tha n a ll the wrrte rs
of p lays p u t tog e the r.
'
In the hitiory of the Ra g e the re is fca rc e a nything more ting u la r tha n the fortu ne of tha t p e r
-
7
fon who. a&e d the p a rt of .York. This wa s one
S te phe nsy a bu tton -make r, in P a te r
nottér- row. . He had be e n‘ma nyye ars a confia nt
a tte ndant'
a t the the a tre , a nd e fp e cia llywhe nBooth
a Eted a p rinc i pa l p a rt in tra g edy. Among tt hisa cqu ainta
‘nce lhe ha d frequ e ntly r e p e a ted fp e e ches,
or,favou ri te portions ,of
,
’, p lays, e fp ecia lly from
O the l lo. He wa s toldu
byhisfrie nds that his ,voicere fembled tha t of Booth, bothin ttr
'
e ng th a nd me
lp
ody; a nd tha t his 1mtta tion of tha t“ g re a t
'
aetor’s
manne r wasju tt, a s we l l . as p l e a ting . He wa sat
le ng th temp te d tomake a n offe n of his abi l it ies toMr. R ich, who had ju tl loft his‘g rje a t tra g ed ianIVIr. (Erin, who had le ft jhim to e ng a g e a t Dru rylane - the a tre . In confequ e nce of
‘
_fome temporary,
a g re ement , S te phe nsve ntu re d, inO éIbbe r, 1734,to a ft his favou r ite charaéte r; on the llo. His ,
fi-fi
g u re was not u nfuitable to the p art : hisvoicewasfirong ; and he had, by:clofe a u ricu la r a ttent ion;a cqu ired fome of Booth
’s ha p py cade nces. The
fp e‘
éta tors we re equ a l ly t’
u rp rit'
ed. and d e l ig hted .
Du ring
R r'
c'
n‘
A aR Di n;‘
835 ’
Du ring tha t motl p a tiiona te fce ne be twe e n the
IVIoor a nd Ia g o, rn the third a él ,- the pit crie d ou t,
‘
Bravo ! bra vo ! better” iba ni‘tm ! better ManSlain . For fix or feye n fu cce tiive nig hts thisma n drew a fte r him la rg e a u die nces. Q in, for a
t ime , it isfa id, avoide d g oing to the coffe e ' hou feshe u fu a ll frequ ente d, le tl he thou ld be a ffrontedwi ththeihu d p re ife s of the bu tton make r. 1
Howeve r, the cha rmwas not wound u p fo p ov h
e rfu lly as to la tl long . R ich, e ithe r bymitlake or
de fig n, p e rfu ade d the new a élor tochoofe Polydoro,in the O rphan , for his fe cond cha racte r : tha n
whichnothing cou ld have be e n more ill advifed.
S te phe ns was in form, bu lky; in the mana g e s
me nt c l his p e rfon, a u kwa rd ; a nd adva nced to
nea r his fort ic This a& of indifcre tionhe aEtor a nd ma nag e r.
The ly we re difp le a fe d withfu ch a mifrep re fe ntat ronof a you ng g ay l iber t ine ,dre ffed a la rg e fu l l bottome d wig , a nd, I be l ie ve ,in red flocking s, thou gh they ha d long be e n la ida tide by the pol ite r p a rt of the tow zn . bu t Rya n
’5
p redile 8tion for tha t colou r, it is fa id, ke p t them“
tooa long on the Howeve r
, the a u die ncedid not forg e t the u re Ste phe ns ha d a fforde d.them tu O the l lo . they fore bore on tha t accou nt,thewing a nyma rks J f difplea fure to his Polydore ,To recove r the g e od op inion of the p u blic , he wa sforce d to hide himfe lfin his bla ck vifor. S te phens
a éte d fe ve ra l cha ra éle rs, a nd p a rt icu l a rly the du keofYork with a p p roba t ion ,
bu t ashe neve r cameu p to his
ifirtia ttemp t, he g radu a l ly fe l l rn the p u bl ice tle em . He e nded a t la tl 111 a n it ine ra nt actor.
His la tl tla g e was Ba th whe re he d ied, a borit~
twe ntyyea rs tince , re fp céted for his g e ne ra l g oodbehaviou r.
a Pr en
34 DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES .
C H A P T ER mi
d tomodern politievi—Wa r W MSir Rebert Walpole .- Hif dr ead
f abit err a nd dying p rag ng/fiea tian.—P artie u1ar liner .
P rintm—f ork’r { barafi en - Sfia l/p ea re
’r eondu e?
of p lot . —Re/iembla ne e betwe en Rickard a nd
Agm emnan.—De1ane’r Rickard—W110. was Me
foon as
i
Richa rd, inte nt u pon his Irifh e x
on, had l e ft the Ra g e , the a u thor int rodu ces a p ol i t ica l fce ne be twe e n"the e a rl of
Nocthumbe rla nd a nd the lords W i l lou g hby‘
a nd.
Rol'
s, fu l l of leve re re fl e étions u pon the king’smil?»
oondu& .
"The wn
'
ting is not frng u la rly g ood, bu t
it was g re a t lydiliing uilhe d by the p a rticu la rbehaviou r of the a u die nce , on the reviva l ofithis p lay,who a p p lie d a lmoft eve ry line tha t was ,
fp olee n to
the occu rre nce sof the t ime , a nd to the me a fu res
and oha t afie r of the miniliry.
Du ring a , long p e a ce of twe nty- five .
p e op le , who fe ldom know'
their own
we re e a g e r for a wa rwith Sp a in. P rovoca t ions, itmu tt be owned, had be e n g ive n by the cou rt of
Madrid. The de p redations committed by the
Sp anifh
86‘
DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES.
the noife f1om the c l a p p ing of ha nds.a nd c la tte ring of fl ickswas lou d a nd boifie rou s. And whe n
i
The earl ofWiltfhire ha th the tim in fa rm.
'
it wa s immed ia te ly a p p l ied to .Wa l pole , wuh the
lou de ft thou ts a nd hu z z a s I eve r he a rd Likewife
the fol lowing obfe rva tion ofNorthumbe rla nd, tha t
the king’s reve nu e was not diminifhed by wa r, was
me t, by the a u die nce , wi thre dou bl e d fhou ts
Wa r ha thnot waited it ; for wa rr’d he ha th not .
More ha thhe fp e nt 111 p e ace”
tha n they 1n lwa r.
The tvvo followmg rema rka ble l ines, fpoke n byW i l lou ghby a nd Northumbe rla nd were he a rd witha de ad a nd re fp e étfu l file nce
W I L L O U G H B Y .’
The king ’s g rown ba nkru p t,7
11116 a bt’okenman.
N O R T H U M B E R L TX N D e
Re p roach a nd difl'
olu tion,hang e thove r high.
And now, ifMr. Hume ha d re ad ove r this fce newi th a tte nt ion, he wou ld not ha ve cha rg e d Shak
fp e a re wi thdefe t ting the c ivi l rights of mankindfor wha t a re the a ccu fa tionsof the ‘fp eakers, in this
’
d ia log u e , bu t fo ma ny v indica t ionsof the na tilra fi
a nd le g a l c la imsof the fu bjcft ?
A61 II . Sce ne II . The qu e en,’
B1ilhy, 8vc.
B U S H Y am"
1
Madam, you r maje fty ismu ch1 too fad.
Thou gh Shakfpe a re thou g ht 1t for his p urpofe tohave a qu e e n inhistra g edy, tohe ighte n the diftre fsof the fce ne , 111isce rtain tha t Richa rd, abou t a ye a rbe fore he was de throned, ma rried a da u ghte r of
France ,3 anccftors.
R I C H A R D IL wFrance , a
,child of eight
'
ye a rs old : a mofiimp ru
dent a étion, a nd‘
corr'
e fponde nt wi th the mall: of his
He had no,ilfu e byhisfirliwife , qu e en
Anne ; a nd the re fore ,fhou ld,. in right p ol icy, have
ma rri e d one who cou ld xha ve brou g ht him chi ldre n.
By we dding a chi ld, be de p rive d himfe lf of the
hop esofou e g re a t advanta g e a nd . fu p port, a t l e a lifor a
-
confide ra ble time . W i l l iam III . .whe n the
p a rliame nt i oblig e'
d him to difmifs his Wa l loon
g u a rds, re fented the a ffront in a moft l ive ly ma n
ne r, a nd not wi thou t te a rs. In the bitte rne fs of
his he a rt he fwore , tha t, if he ha d ha d'a
,fon
, he
wou ld norhave comp lie d wi th the ir requ e ll.IQ
Sce ne III.
Y 0 R K . .
f righting he r p a le - fa c’d villa g e swithwa r
A nd oftenta tion of dcfpife d a rms.
Defp zfid, 1n thisp lace ,i
me a nsdetefl ed,abborred
, Sec.
”
1 1) i; M .
We re I bu t now the Lord of fu chhot you th
A swhen brave G a u nt , thy fa the r, and myfe lf.
R e fcu’d the Black Prince , tha t you ng Ma rs ofmen, 8 a.
This ca l ls to ou r minds fe ve ra l p a lfa ge sof the I l iad,whe re old N e tior va u nts, intnoft e x u l t ing te rms,ofhis g re a t p rowe fs in hisyou ng e r ye a rs. The re
nowne d p rince ofW a les, e lde lifon of d va rd III .was
"
ca l le d the Bla ck P rince from his comp l e x ion,not his a rmou r, asis g e ne ra l ly fu p pofed.
Y O R K .
We ll, we ll, I fe e the iffu e of the fe arms. ‘
The cha ra éfte r o ork, as de l ive re d down byhif’
.
torians, isnot mu ch to. his a dva nta g e : he was e f.
te emedDalrymp le
’sMemoirs. 1
'
88.
DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES .
te emed a light and ca p ric iousman . Shakfpe a‘
rc,
in this fce ne , thou gh not in a ll the re fl, con
forms to the hiftorica l ou tl ine of the duke . In
this interviewwi thBol ing broke , he firft thre a t ens,tha t, if he had power, he would attach the infur
g‘
ents; the n fays, he wil l rema in ne u te r. Afte rtha t, he invi tes the he a dsof the confpiracy intohis ca ttle ; and u p on La ncafier
’s te l l ing him tha t
he mu lt g owith him to feiz e the king’smini
in Briftol- ca file , he ca lmly fays, It may be ;I wi l l g o wi th you and ye t the
‘
good mandec la res, he is 10111 to bre ak
‘
his cou ntry’s
laws:” bu t immedia te ly a fte r compl ies Wi th the
u fu rp e r, whomakeshim a chie finfirume nt tofu pp ort his re be l l ion.
AE1III . Sce ne the king , Aume rle , bifl mp of Ca r.lifl e
’
, ore .
The fol lowing l inesbe a r a. lirong re fembla nce toAg amemnon
’s fa lu ting his cou ntry
’s foil, a nd flied:
ding te a rs for joy, in Home r’sO dylfey, book IV
R I c H A R D .
De ar e a rth, I doM u te thee withmyhand
he a long pa t ted mothe r withhe r/
child
Plays‘
fondlywith‘
he r te a rs, a nd (milesin me e ting ,Sowe e ping , fmiling , g re e t l the e , 0 e a rth
,
And do thee“
faitou r with my royal ha nds.
H TM cip ar x au pm emcwero a d e p t?“ a t“,
Km x v15 1 x m o‘u sv@4 riv wa rp that
’
mMM 3“mr
'
awn
A x x pvn Signor 75 1011,
ems neoprene
-
ta g 135 m y.
We ll p le as‘d, the king behe ld hisArgive foil,
And,le a ping e a g e rly u pon
'
the Qrand,
Withte a rsofjoyhe ltifs’d his
“
nativie land.
VVh'
en Phi l ip 11. hu lb a nd is (b een Mary,6111landed 111Eng land,he kne lt downonthe g rou nd,and as he rofe he drew his fword, as if refolvingtoconqu er the kingdom.
Shakfp ea rc
g o DRAMATIC M rscaLLANtrts.
a robbe r ia nd u fu x p e r ;_ a ma n who de p rived hislawfu l Eove reig n of l‘ll8 1CI'0W fl , a nd (hu t him?m a
cloifte r. This fu cce fsfu l t u flia n wa s fu p p orte d in
his tre a fon by P op e Z acha ry, who altood in ne e d .
of P e p in’s a fl illa nce , a nd who a fte rwa rds, wi th the
he lp of St . Bonifa ce , p e rformed the ofiice of a noin
ting a rebe l ,, king of Fra nce , a t Rhe ims.1 1 r .
S trive sBoling broke to be a s g re a t aswe
G rt a t e r he {ha ll noibe ; if he fe rve God,We ll fe rve him too
,a nd be his fe llows fo.
This is the na tu re ofma n . In his profp e rity heforg e ts a ll p ie ty to he a ve n, all focia l tie s a nd obl ig a rions. R icha rd, who, whi le his a ffa irswe re a
fmiling ,a fp e cft, ne i ther reve re ncedGod nor re g a rd
e d ma n, ishe re by ou r e x ce lle ntzmora liz e
'
r, madefo humble as to find a re l ie f tn hisdiltre fs. equ a l -olye fficaciou s wi th re p entance and amendment
“
of
life .
R I C H A R D .
The powe r, I have , difcha rg e , and le t them
ToC3 1 the land. -17
Mr. Ste eve ns right ly fays‘
,1 tha t e a ring thertland
'
is p lou g hing it . It is p rop e rly a
and is fp e lt er e , which 15 de rive d from a notl e r
NorthBtitifhword, erde,the e arth.
Sce ne ‘III .
O u r a u thor p u rf ue s thé threa d of hiilory've ry
]
e lofe ly, a nd ha s g ive n p rop er colou rs to the fe ig ne d fnbmifl ion of He re ford a nd the tre a che ry of
Northumbe'
rla nd . The king , de fe rte d by the
g re a te ft p a rt of his fol lowe rs, re t ire d to the ifl e of‘
Ang le fe a whe re he p u rpofe d to emba rk for’I re -w
la nd
Glotl'
ary toGawin Dou g las’sVirgil.
R I C’
H A R D‘
II . 9 1
la nd or,France , the re to wa it fome op portu ni ty
of re tu rning to Eng la nd : bu t‘
the u fu'
rp e r, a la rmed
a t this fle p , fe nt'
Northum'
be rla nd to de ce ive himwi thfa lfe p romife sof loya l tya nd fu bmiffion .
‘
T‘
he
e a rl , by folemn p rote fla tions a nd lhame fu l p e rju ry,ma de himfe lf ma tte r of the king
’s p e rfon, a nd
ca rrie d him to,,
F‘lint- ca lile . The inte rv iew betwe e n
the king a nd his cou fin of'
Lahi
calie r wasmore'
rou gh a nd a u ltere , on the p a rt of,
the du ke,tha n
the poe t hasie p re fe nted it . He told the king , inp la in te rms, tha t, his fubje éts be ing diffa tisfie dwi thhis g ove rnme nt, he was come to a fl ifl himto
g ove rn ‘be tte r. The king a nfwe red hu mbly
Dear . cou f1n, fince tha t is you r p le afu re , it isou rs a lto ”
, ”To mortifythe king on a ve ry te n
de r p oint, du ring the whole e f his journeyfromFlintlca ftle to London, he wa
'
s,- be f1
’
de'
s , be ingmou nted on a ve ry lhabby horfe , not fu ffe red to
cha ng e“
his a p p a re l . No p rince in Eu rop e had fo
rich a wardrobe asR icha rd, or de l ighted fomu chin fp lendid a nd coftly dre fl
’
es.
Aé’c IV. S ce ne I . ..The p a rl iame nt-hou fe .
A fl rong e ra nd tru e r piEtu re of the fava g e ma nne rs
.ofou r a nce ftors cannot be de l ine a ted thanin thisil l ibe ra l fce ne be twe e n the p rime nobi l ity of thela nd. A g love is thrown down by one noblema n
wi th te rms of fcorn and re p roa ch, a nd a cce p ted byanothe r with words of bru ta l ity a nd fie rce néfs.Th
'
e p re fe nce‘of the duke ofLa ncat’te r, mafie r
,of
the king dom a nd p re te nde r to.
‘the
'
throne , cou ldnot awe the difp u ta nts into re
'
p ea a nd file n'
ce .
hflr. Hume fays tha t no le fs tha n fifty cha l l e ng es .
we re g iven a nd acce p ted a t thisme e ting of the p a r»harnent.
1 MB O L I N G B R
‘O iK Es
92 DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES.
B o a rd r o n n o x n .
In God’sname then I
’ll a fce nd the
B I S H O P O F C A R L I
’
S L E .
Marry, God forbid !
ThomasMe rks, bifhop ofCa rlifle , (a name whichou g ht to be reve re d
'
to la tcft was, in thatg re a t concou rfe of the c l e rg y and laity a ffembledon this occa fton, the onlyman
'
Who ha d h'
on‘
e ftya nd cou ra g e to fp e ak in the
’
de fe nce of his 1111'
ha p pyfove reig n, a nd a g ainfi the viol e nce and u fu‘ra
p a rion of Bol ing broke . Hts fp e’
e ch‘
Was long,a nd
is quote d from Sir John Haywa rd,'
in the a rl iame nta ryHille ry. I t
‘
conta ins ‘
a re trofp eEtive Viewof a ll kinds of overnment a nd the bifhop
’sa rg u
l
ment isfire ng tgene d'
from‘
fcri’
p tu re a u thori ty
I D E‘ '
M
And fiiall the fig u re of God'smaje fly,
Hisca p tain, ftewa rd, dep u ty e lect,
Anointe d, c
rowne d, p lant ed many ye a rs,Be ju dg
’d by fu bjeet a nd infe rior bre a th?
In va in doesDr. W a rbu rton {hive to make Sh'
akf
p e a re a Whig in p rincip le , long be fore nthe limits
be twe en p re rog a tive a nd p rivi leg e we re de t e rmined.
The pol i tica l a nd re l ig iou s cre edsin Qg ee n El iz abe th’s re ig n we re equ a l lyfavou rab l e to the a bfolu te
p owe r of the p rince ; a nd I have often wonde redtha t lord Bol ing broke {hou ld alfe rt, tha t the do&1ine of p a llive obedie nce layu ndifcove réd, in fomeold homi ly, t i l l the t imes of ames
'
I . Al l theChroniclesofHolling ihe ad, Ha l , Gra fton, S towe ,a nd Fa
hia n, bre a the
'
the fame nonre frfting f irit ;nor do
,
know tha t a n Eng lifh d ivine op pofgd it“
t i l l our incomp a rable ooke r, in hisEccle fra fiicalP ol i ty, with a n irrefiftible force of a rg ume nt, de
-Q
molithed tha t infamou s pofition on which isfou nded
94 DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES .
of you ng Be vi l As to the come dy of The Bu l'
yBody, he de c la red tha t Ma rp lot, in which he e x
c ited a smu ch g ood l au ghte r a s e ve r {hook a me rrya u die nce , was not his p rop e r p a rt, a nd the re fore
infifle d u pon making himfe lf of no confequ e nce ,by a cting bir Georg e Ai ry. At R ichmond, too, hefl ru tted 1n the robesof King Richa rd III . to emp tybe nche s. Nothing bu t his be ing de fe rted by
‘thé
fpefi a tors cou ld re fl ore him to his fe nles. Howeve r, Tom
.
Cha pma n has ha d ma ny to ke'
e p himcomp a ny
.
in his ridicu lou s p afiion . Did not Fa r
qu ha r think himfe lf a g ood a élor, a nd e x c ite the
commife ra tion of his friends, whe n he mu rd‘
e red
hisown Sir Ha rryWildair on the Du bl in fl a g e ?Did not the tra g ic Rowe wri te The Bite r, a comedy a nd washe not the only p e rfon of the a u die ncetha t lau ghed du ring the a ct ing of it ? Did not
‘SirGodfreyKne l le r fwe a r toMr. Gay, tha t, inlte adof lindying the a rt of p a int ing , he ou ght to havebe e n bred a foldie r, be ca u fe he ha d a mart ia lmie n ? And did not Hog a rth p re fe r his lamentableSigil
’
mu nda tohisNI arria g e a_la IVIode ?
R Iic .H =A R ,D II
C H A P . T E R IX . r 1
1?king rdz'
gm'
ng crown bffir e -/Iir -
p eop le .—Slza kj1
p adre inferior to fiimj élf.— Interoiew in file Tower
between Ric/lard a nd Lamar/fen—Ricfia rd’n fblb
in up braiding ikeinfring ement of oa t/If .- Oat/irma de
an/jirfizbj efir.—Unifvelfity of Oxfird cantradifi
ing itr‘
own Ldafirine . Nox tfiumber
la nd—Tfie fami/y cy‘P ercy.
-4-7'
fie r a fl ar fwfio p re
firzted to.
Richard a looking
r
g lafir -éRicfia rdh buzz/Ekald -h—Tfifir
.‘p rofzf/ion a nd p rbflig a cj .
—1Mea ning
of Me word, p u rveyor.
— fl member: of p a rliamentcondemned to be fl ang ed
—Saved by Me clergy.
imita torflqfW
,Sce ne continu es. ,
tRe -
ente r-
,YorkwithyRicha rdnL
E cannot‘
fu ppofe’a more awfu l a nd aHe c
t ing tra nfa a ion, tha n a'
p rin'
ce brou g ht b
fore hisfu bje éls,’
comp e l l ed to de p rive himfe lf ofhis roya l ty: a nd to
'
refig n hisl‘
crown to the”
p op u la rElaim
‘
a nf,‘h1s
'
néa r re la t ion. Timis a fu bje étworthy the g e n iu sof Shakfp e a re a nd ye t, it mu tt be
confe ffed, he has fa l le n infini te ly thort ofhis u fu al
powe rs to e x ci te tha t tumu l t oftp afiion which the
actionme rited : he was eve r too ond ofqu ibb le a ndconce i t ; bu t he re he has indu lg ed himfe lf beyondhis u fual p re dile é
’gion for them ; a nd I ca nnot hel
thinking , from‘this
'
circu 1iill'
a nce a lone , tha t
cha'
rd‘II . Rivaswritten an"a 6tedmu ch
'
ea rli e r thanth natibne rs
'
books0121 5 5 9 . However,ha
'
p en to'
be asli t‘ is recorded, the a u
thormade the p u blicamp le amends byp rodu c ing ,the ye a r fol lowing , one of the molt p e rfeSt of a llh1s
w pieces,‘
_
’
I‘he firft
‘P a rt of King Henry IV.
However Shakfp e are might think p roper tohe ig hten
gs. DRAMATI C MISCELLANIES.
te n the fe ne by introdu c ing R icha rd be fore the
p a rl iame nt to'
re noance hisrig ht to the crown, in
faE’titwasnotifo. The poe t hasworked u p the wholeat p alled in the towe r betwe en the de p u
ties'
of the p a rliame nt , La nca lhe r a nd R icha rd.
The dep u ta tion confiflzed of the chief nob ilityand commonswiththe archbifhop of York at the irhe ad, who, a fte r be ing introdu ced to the ca p tiveking , p u t himinmind of his vqlu nt a ry offer.
to re
fr n the crown in the p retenc e of the archbifi'
topcgCante rbu ryand the Earl of Northumbe rland :R icha rd a cknowle dg ed his
‘promife ,
‘a nd (letha l to
have a n inte rview with his fu cce fl’
or. After fome
e onve rfa tion be twee nhim a nd La nc afie r, the king ,with a n air of che erfu lne fs, calle d for the a ét of
refigna tion, whichIre-re ad ove r difiinfi‘ly; and
'
fo
lemnlyconfirmed it by a noa th; he then corifiitu t edthe ~
a rchbilhop “
of York a nd the bilhoP of He reJford his p rocu ra tors to fig nify
' his intention to~
parliame nt , a nd drawing the royal fig ne t fromhisown fing e r, he p u t it, on tha t of the duke okLa
'
n
ca l‘te r ; faying , a t the fame time
, he cou ld with a ll
,
‘
his p eop le fhou ld know”tha t if. it we re in his
powe r, the duke fhonld fucp'
e
'
ed him-
to the c rlogwn
of Eng land.
R‘
t'
c H A a
There ihou ldh the n find'
one heinou s a rticle,Containing
‘the de pofing of a king ,
And cracking the (b ong wa rrant of a n oa th.
In vam“
doesthe p r1fring ing hbroke n thf nof a ll:obl
'
a l iens,the oa th Richa rd t ought,withKing John a nd other a rbi tra rymonarchs, tha tjoa thswer
eonlyframed for fu bje é
’ts: but it isfu re ly
‘abfhrd to 1ma gine tha t mi l lions fliou ld be bhu nd by‘folemn ties to‘obey,
one'
mkn,’
and; tha t he {hmgd
e
pas DRAMATIC MISCELLAN IES .
When R icha rd fe t ou t for the Irithwa rs, hav ingformed a j e a lou tiy of. the e a rl of Northumberland,more from a tcop fcio
'
u fne fsof his own imbe cillitythan any.
'
rea l ca‘nfo .of
.diflru ft, he'
fummone d theea rl to at tend him a t
t
Briilol,'
a nd’
tofl p a fs over
~wifh'
him to flre la nd. Northumhe r’
la nd ofife r'
ed vthe
king ma ny e x cl
u fesfor hisnot ,b eing able toc ou lp lywi thhis commands ; bu t more p a rt icul a rly one ,
t with.which‘
the ~ king wa swe l l a cqu ainted,c e had
fa i thof‘the
'
Scots; intima t‘
i’
n
dg tha t they wou ld in
a ll‘
p robability 1nvade Eng la n'
t u ld they find the
a rmy remove d from the nfborde rs. The infa tu a tkin not fa tisfied wi th tl1is?a nfwer, orde red
'
.the
e ar a nd a ll his adhe re nts tob e p rocla ime d t rai
1 tors.
Ente r one wi tha g lafs.
,The p e rfon who, abou t ‘forty
-five ye arsi
tinc'
e ,~W a s emp loye d
‘
to'
b ring in a mirror to
, is now, ,by the tg ene ra lwoice , a l lowed to b e the
‘ firft comedian of the a g e . He‘wa s the u ,
inde e d a
' ve ryyou ng a'
étor, a nd has g ra du a l ly rife n to tha t
e de g‘
re'
e of eflima tion which he
enjoys.
R I.
' C H A ,.R D
Wasthis [the fa ce
Tha t e ve ry day, u nde r hishou fehold i1),tDid
‘ke e p ten thou fa nd men
Thisis,a fa ét whichhiftory ha sde l ive red down to
u s.‘It b e a rs. the fhew. of g rea t huma ni ty a nd the
mott e x tended benevolence, a nd the refore mer i ts afe r
'
ou sidifcu fl ion: iKrom wha t fource ‘hf rwe a lth
cou d fo va ft a'
m u l tit u de be mainta ine d If fromthe. reve nu es of the a crown, the g re a tnej
’
s of thee x p e nditu re mzufi have cont ribute d to le fl
'
e n their
lu e : and according lywe find tha t 'Gau nt cha rgfies
4 é
Q i
i 0 a
I
roo DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES .
comp liance ,with“
the
bu fine fswith re at e a
de red the an or of
tVe rylu cki lyfor. the ofl'
e nde r, he ha p p ened ,
chu rchma n ; a nd, the a rchbifhops and bifhopsfa l l ing on then knees and intrea ting for him, hiswas faved
A u M 1: R r. x .
l 7= You holychu rchmen, isthere ha plotTo
i
rid the re almof thisp e rnieiou sblot.
The cha ra&ct ofA'
ume rle is, above a ll'
ti
he noblemen of his time, fiigma tiz ed byHume, . for ba fe .
ne fs, tre ache ry, a nd cru elty.
The p e rfonxwho a&e d Aumerle
‘
, was one Mr.
Adam Hallam,.who
,by a n imita tion of the a étion
of W i lks, e fp ecia lly in a ce rtainp e cu liar cu ‘fl om
of p u l l ing down his ru ffles a nd rol l ing his flockings,joined to a g ood de g re e of d i l ig e nce , fa r g a inedu pon Rich
’s wa nt of difce rnment, tha t he . hired
him for feve n yea rs a t a very la rg e fa Whenthe te rm ofhis e ng a g eme nt .
was e his em
p loye r difmiffed him, a nd for the‘g re a te ft p a rt of
his remainin l ife he was an itine ra ntga étor. Hallam, abou t 1x a nd thirty ye ars finc
'
é‘,tranflated
The Be gg a r’s O p e ra into French, whichwas te
p re fented in the little the a tre in the Haymarke twi thfome fu cce fs.
-He a lfo'
invented the armou rand othe r de cora tions, p re p a ra tory to the ting lecomba t b
‘
e twe en the d u kes of He reford a ndiNor
ifolk.
"
Ha l lam died '
a : kind of. p enfione r‘to the
mana g e rs, who we re the‘
immedia te3 fu cce ffors
of R ich, to whofe fami ly he Was, I , think, t e
lated.
A B B O T o r w x s’
r u rN e'
r z n
Before 1 (pe ak mymind he re to,You 111311not only take the fu nniest, fire.
x
’o
'
a DRAMA’flC MIS’
C‘
ELtANiEs.
1
O His P T ' E iii-33619
Scene 5 2mm;Rama and as; yam - e-som»M M72; fire afir efi,
“ fier'
to z a in'
ne 'he tweems chartland . the (media isnot Wri tten,in‘~Shakfp e art§33happie fl fiyle g ithe
e x u bera ntteitte nfiori
fuse ; and particu la rly, thisthou ght of iRichand. z
I ‘li
“in f -s a :5,
wa nt"
Likewd'
e his a dvrce‘
to the‘qu e e n, to, tell hismelancholy ta le , boya winte r
’s fire ,
T0 g ood old Folks,And fend the he a re rswe e ping to their beds,
issfi'
e&ing . Col leyC ibbe r hasju diciou flyboizrow,
ii
gfiqdap p l ied it to the fi
gryofHe nryVI . in
, his.
ichard Ill
"
R I C H‘
A'
RTD‘Hf ufézi 1 7
The qu e e n was p e rl’
ona t'
éd by Horton ,‘635 :
of the molt beau t ifu l wome n tha t e ve r trod thefia g e . She wasmarrie d, when ve ryyou ng , to a
mu ficia n, who wa s infenfible to he r cha rms, a nd
tre a ted‘‘he r
,a s
,
it hasb e en l aid, ver‘y bru ta l ly.
The firl’i Qtake n oF- a her
was a t _Windfor,’
in the fumme r‘
offi
'
iqrg ;'
where7
{he act edMa rc ia , in Cato, in. a companyof‘
mil’
e ra
ble (traile rs, who we re‘drawn the re i
'
onn a ccoun t of
Q g e e n' Ann e’s.making it
‘
the p l a ce oth e r relisfe nce
feve ra lmonthsin’tlie ye a r. Ca to and his fe na tc
f
me t withlittl e r‘
e fp eé‘t’
From the a u die nce a nd poor
{u ba waslo tru lyu
va n obje ét of ridicu l e , tha t , Whe n
e c rie d'
ont, in a'
tra nl’
po’
rt ofjoy; on he a ring Ma r
c ia‘s Cdnfe l’
lion offhe r p afiion for him,'
Wha t dc“
I hearP” myLord Ma l p a s, wi lfu l ly mifiaking the
aa or, lou dly faid, from; behind the fcenes, Up on
myword,fir, I do not know : Miniyou bad hatterfwfmj e a nd thisjoke ,
‘
I be lieve , p u te nd to the p lay}
, Howeve r, Mrs.Horton wasfo
p e rior imme rit to the re l'
t,
“
and “fo a ttra é’tive in
p erfon,‘t'
ha t {he wa sfoo’
nhlie r ve r'
y p ower‘
fu llycomme nded to the ma na g e rs
'
rofiDru ry- la ne.
The a -
“
f
tie , who e ng a g ed he r a t a'
modera te filléli w He r
chi e f me ri t confifie d’
in giving fp tightline fs to'
g aycoqu e tsf fu ch a s Be linda in '
the O ld Ba tche lor,a ndMillama nt in theW ayof the World ; inv
‘
vhichla licha ra éle r {he was laid to havé
'
e‘x
‘
ce lled Mrs.
O ldfie ld. Up on Mrs. You'
n
'
g e r’s g uittin LDriir
'
y-l
la ne'
for a more a dvantag eou sincohie ai’
incoln’s-‘
finn—fie lds, fhe was
'
ca lle d u pon byWillis toact the
pa rt of Phi l l is in the Confciou sLove rs. You ng era d g ive n the p u b l ic fo mu ch ente rta inme nt in tha tp a rt, tha t Mrs.Ho n
'
ca ndidtre a tme nt lifom the~
Wha twasid‘u e jtome
th’
a’t t
1
woma n
104 DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES.
wi thp a t ience for fome t ime .,Ar la ti
, the advance d to the front of the lia g e , and boldly a ddre tfe dthe pit : Ge nt leme n, wha t do you mea n ? wha tdifp le a fe s you my a é
’
ting or my p e rfon i”
This thew of fpirit re cove red the fp eéta tors intog ood humou r, a nd theycried ou t, aswi thone voice ,No, no
,Mrs. Horton ; we a re not difp le a t
'
ed
g o"
on,
~
g o on.
” As the a dva nc e d in l ife , thou h
the ttill re ta ined gie a t be a u ty of fe a tu res, (heg rew corp u le nt ; a nd by firiving to p re fe rve the.
a p p e a ra nce of a fine tha p e , the lacedhe ife lf t'
o’
tighttha t the u p p e r p a rt ofher fig u re bore no p re port ionto the re tt of he r body.
For many ye a rs the was a favou r ite a étie t'
sintra g edy a nd comedy, a nd comma nde d a la rg e income bu t the na tu ra l a nd e a fy dia log u e of P ri tcha rd to ca p tiva ted the p u b l ic,
’
tha t poorHorton'
w as
foon dep rive d of tha t infl u e nce which the hadfe fl
'
ed, a ndwas ttrip p e d ofhe r-
cha ra éte rsone byone .
A t la tt the be came To lowin credit withthe p u bl ic,"
tha t ich, ou t of comp atlion, ofi'
e red to emp loyhe r a t the re du ced fa la ryof 41. p e r we ek. This.
the re fu fed, in -a fit of i l l - t ime d re fe ntme nt, a nd
cou ld'
neve r p e rfu ade him to make a fe cond offe raMr. Ga rrick a nd Mr. La cy, byg iving hen a p a rt
of a'
be nefit a nnu a l ly, made fome addit ion. to . a
frna ll annu i ty the e njoved . Her be a u tywas l'
o re
ma rk'
abl e in the e a rly p a rt of l ife , tha t few you ngme n cou ld fe e he r wi thou t having a te ndrc tl
'
e fot.
he r, w hich the neve r ldifcou ra g e d'
; for, inde e d , thewas fo tru e a coqu e t ,
‘
tha t a comp l ime nt to_
he r,
charms, from the me ane tt p e rfon in the thea tre , was
a cce p ta ble , a nd a lways re tu rne d wi th a fmile or
t a p wi thhe r fa n. O n the ve rg e of thre e fcore
dre tfe d’
like a'
g iriof twe nty, a nd ke p t tirrip e ringa nd a nd if fe a tu res, p re fe rve d e
ve n a t tha t cold ag e , “
cou ld ju tiify t
he r we akne fs,The ce rtainly,was
)
‘
p a rd0nable § forfjof a ll the wo3 men
M ills)
ri ted litt le favou r from the Londo.
sk i
g ive n them g re a t a nd a lmott u np a rdhiiable p rovoca tion. For the offence s
'
of‘
a fewimemhe rs of t hecorpora tion he had de p rived the c i tyof Londonof its p rivi l e g e s, a nd imp ri’foned the chie f ma
g itira te a nd othe rs new‘
toilrimr’
irv‘ofiie e siin hiswhole condu ét he smande‘fied a t me a na nd cru e l difpofitio
'
ii. Whéhfl hé kingfin‘pton the
city’s: thmrrfile z‘fnbrhitfiong 'Was
'
i' mooneiledr to“
the
citiae ns, ihe*ia cr ep ted ,
"fr'
Om; the myoiy ,a lder}
men;‘
a nd p rinc ip a l inhab ita nts; Ea? , g ra nd e nte r-4
tairnment, a ti'
Ilfihéhfl ia ndcallhis pre
tent svy-The rp sofe nmt g
’
ive n toRicharjd, ;hislqu e eh,a nd the cou rt i e rs
,we re e ttima ted ,@t iten thou fand
p ou nds, which, _
a t that t ime , amou nted . to a n
imme nfe fum. O n th‘is‘
oéication, towin the g ood
°
wi l l of R icha rd, the
a nd no e x p ence"
refp e& to‘royalt
‘
y.
e x p re tfe d himfél ti)
~Tlhis e x orbi ta nt p e na ltzy7hnd ou tra g eou s a& of“
p ower, whe n a contra ry condu & was e x p e rfied,
gcitizenry a nd theyh aven -forga ve
lofs fp endthrift, the folly tode cla re,
Mat it war
Man an tfieto p ay
e x ce
dp this
immedia t Lon on‘
e rs
0001. The linen/"
hiswe akne fs a ndconde fce nfionwhich James p ru dent lytwe e n the cou rt a nd th
ve r p rodu ce d a ny re a lTo a ffe& a contemp t
me n,who contribu te to larg e ly the revenue ,
is fome thing more than ridic u lou
o‘
R o o“M.
(5 h! how it fea rn’a myhe a rt
“whe
’
n rbehe ld i4
I n Loddonme e ts
Whe n Bofiu g broke rode on roa n Bat h
Thit ahorfe , which than (0 ofte u MR1 g in ! baffle, (ba r I ] ? ca refu lly have infi
ll! f i so I
rThis '
IS zone'
.
'
of fce ne s whichI
“
rela tes,
ifi‘
td thehou nd of his a ba ndoned his ma fie r
,
“
a nd'
u pofb the conqu e ror, who fe emed mu ch p le a fed
wi th the ome n.
108 DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES .
To fill tip the accou nt of the actors in thisp laywhen lafi re vived, I (ha l l ju t} me ntion fome p a r
ticu la'
rs re l a t ing to Na t Clarke , who acted the
g room He was a ma n fitted by na tu re‘to re p t e
'
fe nt u nde r p a rts. Cla rke was the orig ina l Filchin n
the Be g g a r’s O p era ; a nd, thou gh I g re a t ly a d
m ire Mrs. Wilfon’s a droitne f'
s m it , ye t I think his»
me a g re counte na nce and fhambling fig u remu ch be tte r a da p ted to the cha racterof a
p ocke t tha n a fema le ’s de l ica te p e rfom Na t was
the chronic le of the the at re : he kne ve the whole
hittoryof the p laye rs, a nd made himfelf a cce p t
a ble tobu fy'
e nqu ire rs a fte r the a trica l ma tte rs bycommu nica t ing to them ma ny a la u gha bl e a ne c
dote .
‘
Hischie f emp loyment (on a ccou nt of his
re fembling R ich in time and: fig u re ) was tha t OFa n u nde r ha rlequin, toto re lie ve his mafie n 1n fu ch
fitu a tionsof the p a ntomime a s we re le a liinte re tting . Na t was ha p py whe n the a u dience , fromfimila rity of form,
we re fu rp rifed in to a cla p bymiftaking the man for the ma tte r“ The fu bfiitu te ;was to l ike the orig inal, tha t Richone n ight p a idfeve re ly for the re fembla nce . O ne of the a&ors,having had fom
’
e words wi th'
. Cla rke du ring the
re p re fe nta tion of a p a ntomime , waited till he
ihou ld find an op portu nity to them his re fe ntment.
Unlu ckily. R ich threw himfélf in the wayof the
a ng ry p e rfon, as he came of? the fla g e , a nd t e
ceived foch a blow of the fill, on his fl oma ch, as
for fome t inie de p rived him of the powe r to;
bre a the . The ma n, p e rce iving his mifiake , im
p lored the ma na g e r’s p ardon ; p rotefiin u pon his
honou r, he thou g ht he had {tru ck hit Cla rke .
And p ra yi, faid Rich, wha t te rrible provocat ion cou ld Cla rke give , to me rit fu ch a violentblowi”
1 to DRAMATIC MISCELLAN IES.
fu pp re flin'
g , by'
an a é’t‘
i
of p e rfo , and
p re fénce ofmind, a t the a g e iof
‘dah
geronsinfu'
rre aion ofWat Tyler'
ari'
d
His g re a télt e nemies were his thre e ambit iou‘
s
u nc les, the duke sofLancat'
te r'
, York, a nd Gloflér,who p urpofe ly fufl
'
ered hismind to be u ncu lt iva tedwith p rincely virtu es, and his mora ls to the cor
rup ted bydvicious companions, { they took no
care tot
’ha ve ;him, trained zin the a rt
the Only g re a t a nd thining a e com
a g e .t.
Du ring the time of the_
.fe uda l fyfiem,the p rinc e
fu p ported his powe r ,
bymil i ta ry p rowefs. W i th~ou t this, he cou ld , not g u ard himfe
‘incroachme
ints of
hhis; ba rons, who,
djftrititsp we re fo i
ma ny a rbitra ryf d
firll a nd third Edwa rd, by p e rp e tu a
c ont inent a nd the ir own p erfona lc g u ra g e,in emp tloy, a nd p re fe ryed ,
'
a
p e rfons, By the ir, warswi thof the irAllwars
Richard wa s taxad d af' . p aws,ows, and g e regnomesg Th? haYalfy,
tha t (p u t tolnobzle aEtions, fu p e rior in‘
form: re f
p e&s to"
the ;Gre ek a nd Roma,
“9115 f .3”inch,113 5111 1
136 33 rg‘iiYQdl
em;a nd
I"? his? conve rften Profl iwiaa; ta
‘
g aa
Haneyt
wa nton
of p a rl iament we re he a p e d up on to e tlablith
laws, which int e nt ion u nfa lu ta ry,a nd confequ e ntly odiou s. Hiflory ca n fca rce lyfu rnith fu ch a n infl a nce of a mona rch be ing fofu ddenly aba ndoned by a ll his fu bje&s.. The rewas, in this u nha p py ma n, one difa g re e able qu a
lity,which contribu te d not a l ittle to his downfa lhe had a n imp e riou sand infole nt ma nne r of (p eak
ing , on imp orta nt occafions, to p e rfons who,from the ir office in the Ra te , c la imed a ri ght to
g ive him advice , a nd ou g ht tohave be e n litle ned
t_
owi tha tte ntion. Whe n the lordsa nd commons,in parl iame nt a ffemble d, fe nt a de p u ta t ion to him,
to inform him, tha tit was ne ce ffa ry for the g ood
of the {late he {hou ld remove from the ir emp loyme ntshis tre a fu re r a nd chance l lor, he bade themmeddle for the fu tu re wi thno fu ch thing ; a dd ing ,
‘
T/la t he wou ld not, fir Mam,or a t Meir p lea/b ra ,
r emove the m a ne/9 fru llion in his kitchen? O fRi
cha rd II . it maywith tru thbe fa id, tha the ha d a ll
ithfieibad qu a l itiesofhis g re a f- g ra ndfa the r, Edwa rd
”
II . wi thou t a nymix tu re ofhis g ood ones.Notwithfia nding the de pofition ofR ichard -was
u nive rfally a p p roved a t tha t t ime , the confequ e nce
ofLancafter’su furp a tion, who fe t afide the right
he ir
r t‘
a DRAMATIC M SCELLANlEg .
he ir to the crown, de fc
Cla re nce , p roved more
eve n the we ak a nd a rbit
kin Shakfpof enry VI .)bi ts nothin
je&S .-W
fe t ba tt lesfu c
'
ce ffion to: the cmmore than fou rfcore
were’
flain by e ach
hand of dea th did not flop till it had a&uing uithed all the ma le heirsof e ach line
0 ParliamentaryHittem .
.
‘
f .
,
‘iL ia,{ ri
‘
114 DR‘AMATTC MIsCELLANI
’
Es.
As for Fall’ca ff, of whofe cha ra a e rmo ma n can
fay toomu ch, a nd e ve ry. ma n wi ll be a lmofl a fraid
to fay an thing , lrbnr a n a p prehe nfion of,his notbe ing a b e to tre a t fo fe rti l e a fu bje ét asit de fe rvos;
ghe
, in the confe fl ion of a llme n,is the g re a t ma f
te r-
p ie ce of ou r inimitable write r; a nd of a ll dra
ma t ic poe try. Shakfp e a re had g ive n fe ve ra l {ke tches of hu morou scha racte rs
,a sif
'
t'
DXt ryhis abi
be fore he introdu ced tothe‘ tblic thistheatrica l p rodigy, which
"
then aft ed Ben Johnfon, the
g re a t poe t of humou r,“
and'
hashidd e n defia nce ‘toa llfu cce e ding a ttemp tstoriva l it . Wha t name toode fpica ble can we g ive tot thofe wre tche d imi ta t ionsof the
'
fa t kn ight, the Tu cca of Johnl’on
’s P
‘oe t
‘
a f
te r, and the Cacofog o of Fl e tche r Above fiftyyea rsfince , it was traditionar among the
“
comedia ns, tha
’
t cacofogowasthe’
intende d rivalof‘
Fa l lRaff, whom he refembles
'
iiinothing bu t in bu lka nd cowa rdice . And, as to
‘Tu cca , I fubnsit to
the re ader“
, whe ther that pail:‘
be not a fituit’
le fsat temp t of fu rly
'
Ben tome afu re fwofds'
withr his
Aél I . Sce ne I .
K I N .
G .
5 0 fhake n aswe are, fowan
~
withcare l
The aétionlof this p laybe g ins e ar ly in the re ig nofHe nry
‘
lV .r and be fore he had'
be e n a fllifi e d wi thanyda ng e rou s a nd l ing ering diflfemp er : a t l e a f}, hit;tory takesno not ice of his~beiu g dife a fed
‘be fore the
ba ttle of Shrewlbu ry.
4
Shakfpe a re thou g ht itw ou ld be lt anfwe r litis’
p tzrra
pofe tQ rep re fent‘
the king la bou ring wi thfickne fs,and re folving on his recove ry to visit the HOWb a nd, in conformityt ohis p rior. de c lara tion inthep re ceding p lay ofR icha rd, to e x p ia te the mu rde re fhisfove reig n.
H E‘N
‘
a Y'
1v.
'
ramp a rt. I f ;
Allou r hiflorians a g re e' i
'
n'
this p urpofed e x p edition df Henry, which, on e e loi
'
e'
e x aminat ion,‘
fe ems not to be very well'
fou nded in p robab ility:The crufades
'
,a t the be ginning of the fifte e nth
c entu ry, had a lmofi e nt ire ly ce a fed . The‘p afiion
ofChrifl ain p rinces tor ecove r Jéru falem from the
infide lswasthe n almofi from the ill .fu e ~
ce fsofma ny g re a t a nd
from a p e rfe é'
t knowle dg e of the cra fty de fig ns, of
the cou rt ofRome ,
"
to involve mona rchsin fore ignwa rs, tha t the fovereig n
‘
p ontifi‘
s m ig ht re a pa dva nta g es by the ir abi
'
e nce . from - ~th'
e irdominions. g Befides, Henry was
,
too,
fa g a
c ions to le ave hisking dom wrtha t i tl e fo dou btfula shiswas; If‘fo
'
wea k a nd worthlol'
s a3man as
P rince john cou ld in the abfence of his‘brothe r
R icha rd a t'
e ru falem, ex d te fu ch diforde‘r
'
s'
as to
make’
it ne ce aryfor the kiné
ilt‘
oqu icken His retu rnto Eu g landh wha t zbad not e nryBol ingbroke toa p p rehend from one whohad a fa i re r ti t le
,to the
Crown than himl'
e lf? The '
e x p edition to the"HblyLand: fe em
'
s to!
have be en a fe int ; p e rhaps,‘in.
de ed,‘
a
a t_
forrie tith es, whenin fpit e ofworldly gran:his confcience role with (c u te viole nce u p
a tranfient thou ght of e x pia t ing hiS'
guilt,by this u nive rfa l
‘p ana ce a for a ll crimes, miht
come a crolis‘
his mind, bu t, in a llp robab i lity,
wi thou t a ny’
fix e d p u rpofe or vigorou s refolu tiorr.
two : it5 { in I : M .
Nomom tlre tlfirfiy entrance of'
tbislfoil :Sha ll da u b he r li
pswithhe r own childre nsblood.
This p a ll’
a g e is ve ry difficu l t : Dr. Johnl'
on and
Mr. Ste eve ns have , .
\yit_h gre a t ing enu ity, e nde a
vou red t0'
e x p lain it, think, vvithou t lu cce fs: Thwart-amen?th
‘
é‘
ffoilis;H believe ,"an u n
ne ce I think,the foil a t
f. The e p i the t Mic/Ely is emp loyed t oconcu r
me DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES.
concu rwi ththe ve rb da ub. The whol e isa p e riphralis, fig nifying , no long e r ,
{ha l l En'
g lilh g rou nd he
flained wi th the blood of itsinhabi tants.
I D E M .
‘To cha fe thp t
'
e p a g ansin‘
thofc'
holyfie lds,O ve r whofe acre swa lk
’d thofe ble lle d fe e t ,Which, fou rte e n hu ndre d ye a rs a g o, we re nail'd
,
For ou r advanta g e , to the holy croft .
The circumfla nce of ou r Saviou r’s treading thefoilofJe ru fa lem, and dying the re for a llma nkind,fine ly a nd p a the tica l ly de fcribed byVol ta ire in
his Z a ire , a nd emp loyed a s a ». convin
‘
cing a rg u
ment to re c la im a n spolia te . to the tru e fa ith:
E’en in the p lace whe re thou be tray’ll thy‘God
He dy’d,my child, to fave the e ! Tu rn thine eyesandM»
For thou a rt ne a r hisholy l'
e p u lchrc
Thou can& not move a Re p bu t eobere I) : trad !
Thou tremblclt !1mm
“
a n tit.
The p le a fu re ofwa lking ove r tha t g rou nd , whichhad be e n trodden byChrift a nd his a p oftles, w as,
no dou bt, one g re a t indu cement to ma ny CEhril}t ians'
to a llume the crofs a nd‘
fig ht a g ainft the~
in?fide ls. Nor can this be . de emed a «me e r a 6i: of fu t
p e rfiition : for, if ou r lea rned trave l le rsca n fe e l a ne nthufiafiic de l ight in wa lking ove r thofe p arts of
Rome , whe re the Sc ip io’s, Pomp eys,. a nd Bu t
tu s’s, formerly trod, Chriftiansmayw ith the fame
or fu p erior ard’
ou r, vifit thofe p la ce swhichou r Saviou r and his a pofileswe ne known to frequ ent; :
w'
E s‘r M o n n xlAN n .
In the ve ry hea t
And p ride of their contention.
Tl'iat is, du ring thei
fury‘of th{ides fe emed
‘tobe equ allyma tched.
D‘c l I
n 8 DRAMATICWSCELLANIES.
died a martyr , and Mistisnot Me man,” is fome »
wha t a u kward, if Shakfp eare‘
h‘ad not himfelf
ven fome’
oflfe nc'
é relbefitip g Oldg afile .n
Sir John O ldcafile , commohlycalledivhom Hehryfi fi fac rizfiooditmthetheya fiifie d himwiththeir gp u rfesin his e x p e ditioha g
’
ainfi the c rown ofFrance , was, in a llp roba bility,'
a man of a l ive lyand‘g ayhumou r ; and the
whomhe ha d p rovoke d, might, in reve ng e,fe nt him to the ’
p op u lace a s a lig ht a nd lewda dru nka rd a nd a
‘p '
rofa ne je lle r. Thiswou ldan op portu nity
’
to l tthe fi
pOe ts'
ofthe time“
to p rere nt
him on the Rag e in no favou rable l ight . Bu t,thou ghthis fa tirica l abu fe
p e rmitted‘du ring the times
hischa ra&e r be came fbe tte r
Q u ée n’
Elizahe th; fochfre edomswou ld'
give offl ine .
1 thinkit isp otfihle tha t Sha kfp e a re mig ht a t firftthave inadverte nt ly fa lle n into this e rror, iand zhas’ae‘la id hold on Sir john
’
Oldca file a s’
a'
pofbu fl
'
oone ry a nd mirth. I tha llha ve
.~the cou ffe of thefc bfbfe rva tions, to faymore on
F A L S T A F F .
A gibc'
a t'br ilhgg ’f bmr.
Amon g re a t numbe r 0
a nd fuoht'
as”
we -maytfisfielly
of the ir-
“writers d'lh the la ti
- u riderfiodd .: that lit gib‘ca t rsonelthfit
HE N R Y W: ma Pa rt. , I },have b een told in fou r or.
p re fe nts u s wi th ma nyfrom C a x ton, from
‘
the Roma nt of thetop rove tha t G ilbert ,and Tib,were a ncfig iven t ohe
- cats. Bu t how came the cri
g e t the a u thorityof Shakfp e a re himfe lf“
a nd j u l iet, ,w
’
he re‘
Me rcu tioe alls Tibba ldMeh a nd king of his name Ty
‘
éa lt?
Tybalt, ryon ra tcatcher;£ o king of ca ts, nothing bu t onesof you r nine lives,
‘Thel'
e cu riousnotesmig’
ht ‘have be e n h‘
hy‘Dr.
‘De la gu liers, to t ha
na tu red g e nt ema n,"
Frede rick,‘p rince of
(who'
de a rly,loved the ba g a tel le ,)b e twe e n a he and
{he - ca t . The p rinc e often confefl'
ed tha t the doc~tor u nde rline d ca t - lang u a g e be tter tha ix abyman in(Eng la nd.
3 "A
When Foote hri’cOp ened the/
theatre in' the Hay
ma rke t, ambng fi other p rojeéts, he p rdpp fed to en
t a tain‘
the p u bl ic w‘
ifhm
a nimi ta tion of ca
‘
t-inu fic ;tor ’this p u rpofe , he eng ag ed a ma n famou s forhis {kill in mim icking the
'
mewing of ca ts. Thisp e rlon wasc a l led Ca t Harris. He not a tte ndingthe rehe a rl
'
a l of this odd conce rt, Foote defired
Shute r wou ld e nde avou r to.
find him ou t,r a nd bringhim with’him. S hu te r wa s dire fi ed tO
‘ Tomecou rt in the Minor i
'
es,
‘
whe re 'this e x traordina rymu fician l ived. Bu t, not knowin the hou l
'
e , Shu te rbe g a n a ca t -filo.
l
U pon this t e othe r looked ou tof the w indow, a nd a nfwe red
‘
him with a c a nta ta
of t he . fame fort. Come along , .fays Shu ter, Itte r informa tion that
'
you are the ma n zy
o”
l e t'
s, iha t e
a nd boa lt of his t ime for va rie ty of comic, p a rts
In Downes’s Rofcius t licanus," we
’
have the
name
n o DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES.
‘
name of Ca rtwrig ht for Fa llialf’s rep re fe rit a tive ,
foon a fte r the‘Refiora tion.
'
Litt le is fa id of this
p laye r by a ny fia g e W e find hisnamein the Rehe a rfa l, in whichhe fpoke Bayés
’s p ro
log u e , I think, a nd acte d one of «the Maje ftiesofBrentfosd. I t is fornewhe re fa id tha t he was a
bookfe lle r. La cy, a favou rite abhor of Cha rles II.whohad him drawn in thre e diffe rent cha ra éte rs,flill to be fe e n a t Hamp ton Cou rt, fu cce eded Ca rt
g ht in Fa lfia‘ff. La n
gbaine (p e aks of him as
the molt p erfeazcomic p aye r of his t ime .
‘
Cibb e r, I fa ncy, had neve r fe e n him ; for the
of Lacy is not ment ioned inhis Ap ology. Hewasone of the recru itswhich the king
’scomp any
p icked u p foon a ft er the Refiora tion. I can find
no tra ce ofhishaving acted be fore the c ivi l wa rs.He wrote thre e p lays, in which, I be l ieve , hisownafiion wasthe p rinc ip a lre commenda tion. He diedabou t the ye ar 1683 .
The p rince ofWa leswasr ep re fente d orig ina l ly,if we may b e a l lowed to g nefs, by Burba g e , whowas ta l l
.
a nd thin. I iba ll defe r wharl have to fay
fa rthe r of the p rince a nd Falfiafi
‘
t ill their ne x t
cene.
Scene III ."
King , Northumberland, Hotfp u r,Worce fte r, fe e .
1: 1 N c .
'
The moodyfrontier of a fe rve nt brow.
Dr. Wa rbu rton p re pofes io‘
re ad fronfld .
‘ Mr.
S teéve ns fays the word frantic! does not fig nifyforehe ad z—not inits orig inal fe nfe , it is grantedbu t fu re lyin its a p p l ied a nd
{ne ta p
‘horical He did
lenot re colle ét tha t in a ra l a fl'
a e Le a r fa s
toGoneril,P3 P g a Y
Newt fieu ght er, what meu s
i
thet,hamlet on
at‘
r N c .
m DRAMATIC MiscaLnANgss.ca p tu red in wa r. For thisre a fon, He nry
’s conduc
'
ts
in demanding a llHotfp ur’s priforie rs, a p p e a rs to be
ve ry u nju ft.By the a nc ie nt l aws of Norway, the p rifone r,
and eve ry thing he had a bou t him, be long e d to
the ca p tor ; e x ce p t the g old 111 his p u ffe , whichwasre fe rved for the king .
H O T S P U R .
A t thising ra te, thiscanke r’d Boling broke .
Ca nker ea’Baling broie was a te rm
~whichMr. Ad
difon, in conve rfa tion, a p p l ied to Henry St. John, ,
Lord Bol ing broke ; wi th wha t p rop ri e ty I do not
fe e . Tha t this g re a t fia te fma n was a rde nt bothin
his frie ndihip s a nd e nmi t ies is to be le a rne d from1113 le tte rs a nd his g e ne ra l condu ct ; bu t tha t he
ha rbou red a ra ncorou s and ca nke red difpofition Ica nnot p e rfu a de myfe lf. Addifon, howe ver bene
volent in hiswrit ing s, wa snot fre e from tha t l e avenof p a rtywhichoften fou rs the be ft minds.
I D E M .
Byhe ave ns! me thinks 1t we re a n e a fy leapTo p lu ck bright honou r from the p a le - fa c’dmoon
,
O r dive into the bottom of the de e p ,Whe re fa thom- line did ne ve r tou ch the g rou nd,A nd p lu ck u p drowne d honour by the locksSohe tha t did rede em he r thence might we a r,Withou t cc - riva l
,a llhe r dig nitie s.
This fa l lyofHotfp u rDr. VVa rbu rton hasfiamped with the e p i the tsof he roic a nd fu blime a nd,toju llify Shakfp e a re , has quote d Eu rip ides. Dr.
Johnfon has cri t ica l ly de fe nde d this ra p tu rou s e x
p lofion of a hot a nd fie ry difpofition, whichis ce rtainly not
'
qu ite fimila r to the fp e e ch.
of Eteoc lesin the Phoenilfae ofEu rip ides, nor can it be te rmed
a l le gorica l .q
it,Sp e cu lum reg sle.
“
hE N R Y N . P a rt. 115a lle g orical. The l ea rne d Mr.Woodhu ll , in a noteto his tranfl ation of tha t tra g edy, has. g ive n thisfp e e chofEteocles, a s~ve rfified byAmyot, from a n
e x tra&‘
of P l u ta rch’s tre a tife on Fra te rna l Love ;a nd a nothe r tra nfl a tion from Ga fcoig ne
’s works,
pub lithe d in 1 5 75 . I t mutt be owned tha t the
live ly Fre nchma n, in fpirit a nd e le g ance,
the Eng lifhman.
j e monte rois en l’e teile fejou r
Du clair foleil, ou comme nce le jau r;Lt je de fce ndrois de d
'
ou s la te rre ba fl'
e ;‘
Sije pou vois acqu e rir p a r lla u dacerLe roiaume fou ve rain de s die u x .
G a fcoig ne ra the r cre e ps tha n foa rs
I f I cou ld eu le or reig n in be av’a a bove ,
A nd eke command in de p thof da rkfome hell,
N o toil, no travail
,{hou ld my fp rit e s aba lh,
To take the way u ntomy te t‘t le fs will.
To climb a loft, or down for tode fcend.
I D E M :
”
Byheavens, b e 413 311not have a fe e t of them.
In ou r a u thor’s t ime thiswasa p rove rbia l e x pre f~fion, me a n ing he fba llnot have the molt worth'
J e t‘
s thing'I have
I D E M .
Oh le t the hou rs be fi'tort,Till fields, and blows, and g roans, a p p la u d ou r (port.
This fpirite d e‘kclama tion of Hotfp u r re fembles
a fp e e chof Eteocles, in the Se p tem contra Thebasof ZEfchylu s:
M 11w v, my Svnn ow at ; as7 5 7 met ers;H ag ue -9‘s, x wx w owu x g am hgs‘rtTyn e yang Aeng ,
Gom srm $ 0146 figormo
DRAMAT IC MISCELLANIES .
If ha p lylnow you r eyesbehold the
'de ad
orwou nde d; bu t l‘t not forth in lou d lame nts;
For blood“
a nd ca rna g e a re . the food of wa r.
sP or r x t .
The aEtion of, this fe ene isve ry a nima ting a nd
importa nt . The je a lou fy, fu fpicion, a nd difl ru‘fl
of ‘
He nry, a re fine ly contra fted with the hig hfpirita nd da ring imp e tu ofity of Hotfp u r ; Ag amemnon
a nd Achi l les a re not more firong ly de l ine a te d, northe ir p a llions more hig hly colou re d, by Home r,
tha n the le cha racte rsof Shakfp e a re . The condu ct
of the fcene is tru ly drama tic, from the be g inningto the clof
'
e of it .
I have fu p p oled , a nd I be l ieve wi th p robab i l i ty,tha t Bu rba g e orig ina l ly, acte d the P rince ofW a les;a nd am of op in ion-
.we may g ive Hotfpu r to Taylor,the orig ina l Hamle t . I f Ta ylor wa s, a swe mayconj e étu re from wha t the qu e e n fays of him in the
fe nc ing - fce ne be twe en Hamle t a nd La e rte s, fa t,a nd fca nt of bre a th,
’ we xca nnot fu p pofe him fit forthe ta ll and fl e nde rHa rry. Afte r the Re t
’tora tion,
Ha rt re p refente d Hotfp u r, Bu rt the P rince of
W ales, a nd Winte rfhu l the King . The e x ce lle ney of Ha rt is u nive rfa lly a cknowl e dg ed ; of
Bu rt we can only tra nfcribe wha t Downs has re
corded . He ra nks him in the l ift of g ood a&ors,with Sbotte re l and Ca rtwrig ht, bu t w1thou t a nydifcrimina ting ma rks. Tha t he wa s not a man of
fu p e rior me rit we may a the r from hisbe ing oblige d to refig n the p a rt 0 O the l lo to Ha rt, whohadforme rly a cted Ca fl io whe n Bu rt p l aye d the p rinc i
p al cha racte r. Winte rfhu l was, in the op inion ofthe be lt cri tics, a ve ry j u dic iou s actor in
“
coinedya nd tra g e dy, a nd a n e x ce l le nt te a che r of the a rt
he p rofefled . He was fo ce l e bra te d for the p a rt ofCokes, in Be n Jonfon
’s Ba rtholomew - Fa ir, tha t
the p ubl ic p re fe rred him even to Noke s in tha t
cha raéte r.
12 6 DRAMATIC MISCELLAN IES.
de cla re d, wi thou t a ny ce remony tha t he wou ldtha t night
‘le t off a n Irith actor.
’ The the a tre
was e x treme ly crou de d, both in the front and ou '
the Ra g e . I ha ve he a rd Mr . La cy, the l a te ma ne r,Mr.Victor, a nd othe rs, whowe re p re fe nt , de
elit re , tha t they ne ve r faw fo a n ima te d a p e rfor
ma nce , a nd a tte nded wi thfu ch loud a nd re p e a t e d
p la u dits from a ll p a rtsof the the a tre , asBooth’sHotfp u r G iffa rd, whowa sJu ft a rive d from Du b
lin the a tre , hone fl ly owned tha t he wa s {tru ckwi tha fl onilhme nt, a nd he a rt i ly joined in the g e ne ra l
a p p roba t ion . Whe n rou fe d by a cc ide nta l je a lou fyorhumou r, Booth a lways e x ce l led himfe lf.In act ing O the l lo once , to a fma ll a u die nce ,
Booththrew fu ah a l a ng u or into fe ve ra l fce nes ofthe p a rt, which was fa id to be his
O
ma fl e r-
p ie ce ,tha t nobodycou ld difce rn the ir favou rite a nd admire d a a or Bu t, in the third act asif rou fed from a
le tha rgy to the molt a nima t ing vig ou r, he dilp layedfu chu ncommon fire a nd force , tha t the p l aye rsa nd the a u die nce fe eme d to be equ a l ly e l ectrifiedby this f adde n e x e rt ion of his powe rs. Whe n, a t
the e nd of the act, the p laye rs re t ire d into the
g re e n room, C ibbe r, who acted Ia g o, (aid to him,
P rythe e , Ba rton, wha t was the cha rm tha t
infpired you fo a ll on a fu dde n Why, Col
Iey, I faw, by cha nce , a n O x ford man in the
p it, whofe Jud gme nt I reve re more tha n tha t
of a whol e a udie nce .
’
In the a g re emen t be twe e n (l uin and Ga rrick, in1746 , toa llilt e a chothe rwiththeirmu tu a l {k i l l in feve ra l fe le ét p l ays, (Min la id hisha ndu p onHe nry IV .
and c a l l ed u pon Ga rrick to g ive him hisa fl iftance ,by e x e rting his ta le ntsinHot fp u r : Foryou know,
David, Fa lfia ff is (0 we ighty, tha t he ca nnot do
withou t a l e ve r.
’ The othe r comp l ied, thou gh
I be l ieve wi th fome re lu é’t’
a nce ; for he knew
tha t the p ort ion of Hotfp u r, which be lt fuited his.
a nima ted ma nne r of fp e aking , wou ld be e x ha u fted
in the firfl fce ne of the pa rt The old comedia n,'
by
-H E N R Y IV.
‘
Firfl Part
by‘this
‘
ma noeu vre, ftrrprif’e
'
d the ca u tion of the
you ng a Ptor.
i
i
‘The p e rfon ofGa rrick was not formed to ive
a jufi idea of the lg alla’nt a nd noble Hofp u r. he
me chanicfi, or bu lky, p a rt”
was‘wantirig ; inor‘
cou ld’
the fine fl e x ib i l i tyof his voice e ntire ly coa er‘thje
o
hig h ra nfiand con t inu ed ra g e‘of the “enthu fia fiic
wa rrior: He had‘
nOt the n a cqu ire d t\l1a t”
c0mpletf
e"
knowle dg e‘o fmodu la t ion whichhe wa sr
afte rvva rds
ta u g ht by more e x p e rience . Du ring the actingof thisp lay; he wa s
' feiz ed with a cold a nd hoa rfe
ne fs; a nd, .a fte r act ing Hotfp u r a bou t“
five‘
n ightswitha p p la u fé, thou g h not wi th tha t u nive rfa l a p
p roba tion which’
e ne ra lly a tte nde d his p e rforma nce , he fe l l lick, a nd was confin ed to his cham
be r fix or feve n we e ks. Thisha p pened about the
la tte r e nd of" Fe bru a ry; nor did he make hisa p
p e ara nCe on the Ra g e t i l l he a&ed Ra ng e r, . in
the Su fpicious B u lband, for‘
his be ne fit, in Ap ril) »
fol lowing .
His dre fs in‘
Hotfp u r was objected to : a la ced .
frock a nd a Rami l ie wig we re thou ght toowinfig ni
- e a
fica nt for the cha ra&e r.
Du ring his illne fs, as mu ch‘
conce rn was~ e x
p re ffe d‘ by the p u b l ic , for his recovery, a s if he ~
had be e n a p rince of the blood g re a t ly honou reda nd be love d. The door of his. lodging s
vwas eve ryday crou de d wi thfe rvants
‘
,Who came from p er
fonsof the firlt ra nk, a nd . inde e d“
of a ll ra nks, to. “
e nqu ire a fte r his“ he a l th; Mrs. Oldfie ld ha p p enedto be in fome
r dang e r in a Gravefe nd - boa t : a nd,whe n the 1
re ft of the p a-fl
'
e ng e rs lame nte d their‘
a p p roa ching fa te , fl1e ,: wi th a confciou s dig ni ty,told them, the ir dea ths wou ld be n o
i
nly a p riva telofs Bu t I am a p u blic. conc e rn.
’ The indif-i
p p fition of ' Garrick « mig ht, more ferioufl y, be
te rme d fu ch.
ms DRAMATIC MIS'
CELLANIES;
Ba rry’s Hotfp u r, from his noble fig u re ; rapid
a nd a nima te d e x p re fl ion, a nd“
l ive ly a étion, - .was
p le a ting - a nd re fp eé’ta ble z
‘
bu t the re is a mi lita ryp ride , a nd camp
- humou r,if I may be indu lg ed ih
'
the e x p re flion, to which Ba rry wa s a firang e r.
PM the fame re a fon, Mr. Smi th’s re p re fe nta tion
of this p a rt, thou gh we l l ma rked wi th fire , imp e tu ofity, and dig nified de portme nt, is fomewha tdefective .
C H A P T E R XII .
Pitt'
fu lambition tog ain app la u/é .-Gorbe l l ied knaves.
- La cl_yP ercy and Bra tar g reemroom qu arrel.
- Five a u tfioritier for rivo.-Mr . Stec'vcm Jig/171
°
i
ent Marat and Me wcw en .—Stra p
e x p lained, fl om Tam Caria t a —Imp rav'
crizcnt an
Sfiakfibcara fitp cnior «wit—Footie a nd
Garrick— limock- r ep rcfcnta tion f of Me P rince a nd
King —Ex tra ? from Cambyfir.—fl iz a ccou nt of
fa ck. milk—Wine of file a nciczztr.—Bet
terton’r Fdffl afii—A D u b/in. p a t/[ou r a n ex ce llent
Boot/z, Mil/f , -@ ifl ,
A151" IT;
The Ca rrie rs.
F I R S T C A R R I E RH
O u t of all t eft .
HE word cefi, is, I'
believe 5 ,derived from'
ccztfiu, a ta x .
S E C O N D C A R R I E R .
Le nd the e my la nte rnMa ri-y} 1
1
11fe e the e l’ang’
d 11111.
139 DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES .
or fou r au thorit ies from old p l ays. Thu s is the
ma rg in fome time s e n la rg e d to ve ry l i tt le p u rpofe .
‘
Scene III . Hotfp u r,'
folu s.
H o T s P U R .
Have I not a ll their le tters tome e t me in armsby the ninthor?
ne x t month?
This fce ne was ne ceffa ry, to a cqu a int the a u ‘
dience with the p rog re fs of the infu rre étion p roj e éte d by the P e rcys tn the la ft fcene of the firth
a ft.L A D Y P 1: R c Y .
0, my good lord why a re you thu s alone
Whyha lt thou 101? the fre fhblood in thy che e ksA nd giv
’n my trcafitre sand my rightsof the e
To thick- ey’d mu ting and cu rs
’d me lancholy
La dy P e rcy’s fp e e ch is a n e x ce lle nt comme nt
Upon Bru tu s’s de fcrip tion of the mind ofman when.
labou ring with the 1mp re ffon of a confpiracyBe twe e n the aé’cing of a dre adfu l thingA nd the firfl : motion, a ll the inte rim
Is like a phantafm or a hideou sdre a m
Sma l l ma tters, they fay, ofte n ferve asp re l u destomightyqu a rre ls. In the ye a r 1746 , this p laywas a éted a t the the a tre in Dru ry
- la ne . Ba rrywas the Hotfp u r; a ve ry be a u t ifu l and a ccomp lifhed a é’tre fs conde fcende d, in orde r to g ive fl re ng thto the p lay, to act the trifl ing cha racte r of LadyP e rcy; Be rry was the Fa lfia ff. The hou fe was
fa r from crou ded ; for the u blic cou ld no moreb e a r to fe e a nothe r Fa lfia whi le O g in was on
the Ra g e , than theywou ld now flock to fe e a new
Shylock, as long as Ma cklin cont inu es to have
fireng thfit to re p re fent‘Me ffefwwfiic/iSea t/p ears
drew.
’
A ve ry ce l ebra ted comic, aG’cre fs triumphed; inthe ba rre nne fsof the pit a nd box es the threw ou t
form: e x p reflions a g aint‘
t the confequ ence o
itl
ée
a y
3 I
Eady P e'
rcy. This p roduc ed a ve ry cool , bu t
cu tting , a nfvve r from the othe r“
; who remindedthe forme r ofhe r
‘p laying , ve ry la te ly, to a mu chthinne r a u die nce , one of he r favourite pa rts;now, '
the l adie s not be ing a ble to’ “
refirain themfe lve swi thin the bou nds of cool conver—fa tiou , a .
mofi te rrible fray enfu ed. I do not be lieve that
theywe nt fo fa r as p u l l ing of ca p s, bu t the ir a lbu ‘
t e rca tion wou ld not have difg ra ced the fema le sofBilling fg a te . Whi le the two g rea t afi tefieswe re thu s e nte rta ining , e a chothe r in one p a rt ofthe g re e n
- room,the a dmire r of La dy P e rcy, a rr
old g e ntlema n who a fte rwa rds bequ e athed he r aconfide rable fortu ne , and the brothe r of the co
mic dady, we re ~more‘ feriou fly- emp loyed. The
ciciib eo tiru ck the othe r withhis ca ne s. thu s p ro
voke d, he ve ry. ca lmly l a id hold of the old man’s
jaw. Le t g omyjaw, you villa in a nd Throwdown you rcane , fir !
’ we re re pe a tedlye choed bythe comba ta nt—s.
—h-Ba rry, whow'
as a fra id l e ft thea u di e nc e {hou ld he a r fu l l a s much of the qu a rre la s of the p lay, ru fhed into the g re en
- room, a nd
p u t a n end to the ba tt le . The p rint~fe lle rs l a id
hold of this difp u te ,'
a nd p u blifhe d a p rint ca l led?‘The Green- ream: Scufile ’
P rince Henrya nd Poins
P R I N C E H IiN R Y ;
I am‘
ndw of an humou rs that have (hewed themfelves h'
u os
mou rsfin’
c‘e the old daysof g oodi
’n an Adam.
This is the g enu ine la ng uag e of a’
you ng manwhofe body is vigorous a nd mind a
’
élive‘
; who,ha v ing more fpirits tha n he
‘knows Wh
‘
a‘t to do
wi th, a nd riot be ing'
eng a g e d bynob’
le‘eite r
‘
cifesorg e ne rous p u rfuits,. fp énds
'
hish‘
ou rs in idlenéfsa nd '
frol ic .
Riva . He re we have five a u thorit ies,
’
frorire ld
’
p l‘ays, toju fiifyShakfpe are
’su fe of theword rim.
‘
P R I N C B ,
32 DRAMATIC. MISCELLANIES.
P R I N C E H.
E N R Y .
Pitifu l-he arted Titan ! whome lted a t the ta le of the fu n“
.
I t isimp ofl ible to make fe nfe of this p a fl
'
a g e asitnow [la nds Mr. S te eve ns’s re fiora tion from the 0
copy, which'
p lainlyl re fe rs to the fl ory of Pha e ton '
p reva i l ing on Ti ta n to g ive him the ma na g eme nt of.
his. cha riot for a day, is, I'
think, e x treme lyha p py
F A L S T A F F
I .wou d ,I we re a we ave r ; I cou ld fing a llma nne r of fa ng s
I t is a common e x p refiion thisday, in Scot l a nd, .
to fay p fa lm- ftnging we ave rs C leme nt Ma rot,
who is j uilly e fle eme d‘
the firfi'
p oe b of his t ime ,
a nd who die d in 1 5 44, tra nfl a te d the p fa lms intoFre nch me tre . I t was not u ncommon to fet
'
themto mufic a nd - ling them a t the cou rt of Fra nc is I .The P rotefia nts of Ca lvin’s p e rfu a fion had ma nyof them tfe t~ to va riou s tu nes
, ,a nd fa ng them in
the ir chu rches. Thofe , whow e re e x i le d on the
re p e a l of the e dict of N a ntz , fa ng them in a ll the
c ou ntries whe re they we re re ce ived : in Eng land,Holla nd, a nd feve ra l p a rtsof G e rma ny.
I‘
D B M.
Were I a t the fira p ado, I wou ld‘
not te llyou on t omp u lfie n.~
The p u nilhment of the firap ada, asp u t in p ra e
t ice a t Ve nice in the days of Shakfp e a re , is thu s
de fcribe d byTom Coria t :The offende r,having hisha ndsbou nd behind
him, is conveye d into a r0p e _ tha t ha ng e thby a
p u l ley; ‘a fte r whichhe is raifed u p by two fe ve ra l
fwing s, whe re he fuiiaine th fo g re a t torme nt, tha this joints a re for a time le ofed a nd .p u lle d a fu nde r ;be fides which, a bu ndance of blood is g a the re d intohis hands a nd fa ce . And” for the t ime he is inthe tortu re , his hands and fa ce look a s red as
blood.”
F‘
A L s T'
a r e .
134 DRAMATIC MISCELLANTES.
re p arte e wou ld file nce him for the evening . Iffu f
fe t ed to take the le ad, he wa shig hly enterta ining ;bu t he cou ld not be a r inte rru p tion .
I D E M . .
Y ou mu ll to the cou rt in the moriring ,
This is a p re p a ra t ion for the e nfuing p a the tic
fcene be twe e n the King a nd P rince .
I .
P R“
I N C E H . E N R Y
Do thou fta nd for my fa the r, a nd e x amine me u pon the p ar"
ticu la rs of my life .
The fol lowing mock- re p re fenta tion of a n interv i ew be twe e n the P rince a nd hisfa the r is g e ne ra l lyl e ft ou t on the Ra g e , as a n incumbra nce to the
a étion. It has be e n occa fiona llyrevived, bu t ne ve r
p rodu ce d the e ffe ét which the a dmi re rsof Shakf
p e a re e x p e é’te d. I t isce rta inlymana g edwi th)
g re a t
a rt; a nd l a rde d wi thwitia nd' hu mou‘
r ;~bu t it
‘is nothe i ghte ned with l incide nt, nor i fliu fi
’
e d with" tha thi g hjocu la
'
ri ty~
which throws an a u die nce into, fits
of la u ghte r.
F A L S T A F F .
A nd I will do it in King Cambyfe s’vei‘n.
’
1
Shak’
p e a re ridicu les, in this p alfa g e , a n old p lay,of one Thomas Prefion, ca l l ed A lame ntableT ra g e dy, mi x ed fu ll
’
with'
Mirt~h, conta ining thel ife of Cambyfes, KingA ta fie of this a u thor’s poe trywill a fford a fp c
c ime n of the mife ra ble tra fh ou r a nce florsw e re
force d to fwa llow downifl Tra gi- comedy was
the n the ta fie of the na t ion, as it continu es to be
now, for the e x ce lle ncyof Shakfp e a re’s g e niushas
fix e di
it u pon u s. . Norgisit ve ry fira ng e , wh‘enewe
fe e the p olit’
e li'
p eop le in Eu rop e'
obl ig ed to ta ck’
a
diverting p e t ite p iece to make a tra g edy p a la tableto
H E N R Y IV . FirfiP a rt. 133to the a u die nce . The Sp a nia rds, too, wi limot befa tisfied withou t a daihof bu ffoonryadded to the irmore fe riou s p ie ces.
Ex tra éifrom Cambyfe s.
My cou ncil g rave a nd fa pie nt ,‘
Withlordsof le g a l train,Atte ntive e a rs towa rds u s be nd,
A nd he ar wha t {ha ll be fainSo you , likewife , my va lia nt knight,
Whofe ma nly acts doth fl y,By bruit of fame
,the fou nding trump »
Dothpie rce the a l u re lky.
The l‘
afi editorshave qu oted a line or two of
this cu riou s p ie ce I thou g ht a l i t t le la rg e r famp lewou ld do juilice to the g e ni u s of Maile r P re flon.
Mr. Ste eve ns re la tes, tha t Q te e n Eliz a be thwas fowe l l p le a fe d withhis a éting a p a rt be fore her a t
the u nive rfity of Cambr idg e , tha t the ,fe t t le d
2 01. p e r a nnum on P refion ; a nd this, he fays, wa sl i tt le more tha n rs. p e r d iem . In thofe daysof
'fi‘
rif’t
oeconomy, 2 01. was a confide ra ble p e nfion : I qu e f
t ion if Rog e r Afcham’s {lip e nd was more tha n
twice tha t fum,who was the qu e e n
’s p re ce p tor
in the l e a rned la ng u a g es.
F-
A L S T A F F .
If fack and fu g ar be a fa u lt.
At this difl a nce of time , it is not a n e a fyma tter
to de te rmine wha t fort of wine this fa ckr wa s, of
whichou r ance florswe re fo fond. By the knig ht’s
mi x ing it’
withiu g a r, it ca n fc a rce ly a nfwe r
johnfon’s. defini t ion, who ca l lsit a
.
fwe e t winechie fly brou g ht from the Ca na ries.’ Minfhew derives the » word
no obje étion.
‘Skinner thinks
es its name from the Sp anith
roughand fharpv
qu ality. The
conjecture
DRAMATIC MtSCELLANtEs.conie é
‘tu re ofMa nde l l
'
o'
is, tha t fa rt is de rive d fromX egizw, a c i tyofNla u ritania , a nd the nce tra nfp lante dinto Sp a in. Afte r a ll, the fame l e a rned Dr. Skinne r: ca l ls ihe rry [berry-fl ick, a we l l - known wine
,
de rived from X araf, forme rly Efcu ris, in the p ro
Vince of Anda lufia . . Fa lfia flhhimfe lfy in‘ his p rofu l
’
e comme nda t ions- of a g oodfhe rrisf -fa ck,
’a s itt the re we re two forts‘
of fa ck,
a nd he g ave the prefe rence ,
to the fhe rris. Blou nt,in hiS ‘Glofl
'
og ra phy, fays, tha t fhe rris~ fa ck is (0c a l le d from Xe res, a (e a - town ofCordu ba
, in Sp a in,whe re tha t» kind of fhe rris isma de .
”
Tha t the fa ck, of which ou r"
a nce fl ors dra nk,had a ta rtne fs’in it re ems evide n t Fromstheir miring fu g a r withit All wine -me rcha nts
, aswe l l asold t0p e rs, , a re a g re _ed, - tha t a t p re fe nt we ha venone of tha t e x c e l l e nt - fl imsy which wa s dra nk fop l e nt i fu l ly a bou t forty or fifty ye a rs fince , a ndwhichwas. ca l l ed Bri/folmilk, tion) a common p ra ct ice of the finha bita ntsof tha t c ity, whog e ne rou flyp re fe nted fl ra ng e rswi th a g la fs of tha t
‘
p le a fa ntwane .
The liquor, which Home r pou rs ou t (0 a bu nda u tly, is' old wme , a nd ye t
~he ca llsit miu g , du lcis
Girota fl x hgzts fl own -
cm.
O DY t s. Lib. I I.
I t ca nnot fib’
e fl ip pofed tha t old‘
wine cou ld‘
re a l ly befwe e t wine , be ca u fe a g e
‘
g ivesit~
a ta rtne fs. I tis obl
'
e rve d, by a French cri t ic; tha t the“
word ”Sa g ,or du lcir, ~fhou ld:be tra nfl a ted fl ea/ang e r ag reea ble ;be ca u l
'
e , fayshe , tha t 5 flaa rp ne fs, which» wa s theconfequ e nce ofwine
’s be ing ke p t long , f e emed to
be '
a qu a l i ty ve ry a g re e a bl e to the ancients. HM:ép ub/ig u e der Lettrer, tom; I . p .
For fome time a fte r the uniontof the king’sa nd
duke of Y ork’s' comp a nies' oficomedians, Be tte r
ton, with g enera l ap p robationfl gfied Hotf‘
p u r ; a
cha racter
13s DRAMATIC MISCFLLANIES
fl a nde rs, tie d him ha nd and foot, a nd, in fpit e of
his refiita nCe , ca rried him home with a g re a t moba t hishee ls’V‘
Jonl'
on commu nica te d to Be tte rton this a ctor’sma nne r of p e rfona ting Fa lfl a fl
’,whichhe not only
a p p rove d, bu t a dop te d a nd fra nkly owne d tha t
the p av iou r’s drawing of Sir John wasmore cha
ra éte rifl ica ltha n hisown .
.Georg e P owe l l , whowasma l iciou s e noug h tbe nvy this g re a t actor; a nd we ak e nou gh to think
himfe lf ca p a bl e :of fu p p lying his p la ce , du ring thie
l ife of Be tte rmn a cte d Fa lfta fTin his p a rt icu la rmanne r ; a nd, to ta ke a lla dva nta g e s, he mimicke dhim in thore a cu te pa ins of the g ou t which fome é
t imes furp rife d h1m 1n the t ime of action.
S ince the de a th of Be tte rton, in rAp ril,‘
many comedia ns of Dru ry- la ne The a tre ha ve
trie d the ir flcill 1n Fa lfiafi'
; bu t mol’t of them swith
ve ry indifi'
e re nt fu cce fs. By the p a rt icu la r comma nd of (b e e n Anne , Boothve ntu rad a to p u t on
the hab i t of Fa lfta ff, for me nzg fit wily. Tha t hedid not ve ntu re a fe cond a ttemp t mi ht be owinge i the r to a coniu ou s defic ie ncy to a ume Falfl afi’shumou r, or a p re di l e ct ion for Hotf
'
p u r 1n the fame
p lay. The e lde r hdills wou ld likewif'
e try his (hill
in comic a rche ry, a nd ha ndl ed, for a fe v ni g hts,this bow ofUlyfi
'
e s. Bu t, a las, in vain l His fobe r
g ra vi ty cou ld not re a ch the inimi tab l e mirthof thisfl a g e p rod ig y. Ha rp e r
’s fa t fig u re , fu l l voice ,
rou nd fa ce , a nd hoheit la u gh, ra the r tha n his in
te lhg e nce , fix ed him a t la ft in the jol ly knight’s
e a fy cha ir.The comp any of come dia nswhichbe g an to a t
“)
u nde r the ma na g emen t of John R ich, from a
te nt oi Cha rl es I I . in 171 5 , thou g h confifimgoffome g ood old p laye rs, from recru i ts p icke d u pfrom a llp a rtsof the cou ntry, and the difconte ntsof
DruryChctwood
’sRit
'
toryof the Stag e-14
H,
E N R Y IV.
’ Firfl P art. -
139
Dru ry- la ne , we re , for a long: t ime , u nable i toc op e
wi th the e fiablifhe d comed ia ns of the ,l a ft- me nt i
ooned the a tre. Lincoln’s-inn Fi e ldshou f'
e wasfine
lydecora ted . The fce neswe re new. The Ra g e
wasmore e x te nded tha n tha t of the riva l the a tre ,fu p e
‘rbly a dorne d wi th looking -
g la fs on both i'
rd es
of the I’m e ; a circumfla nc e h which (loin fa idwa san e x e c le nt tra p-t ocat ch actre lieswho admi te dfth
‘eir
'
p‘e rfonsmore than the ir p rofe
‘
lhon‘é f ao
t ing . Bu t,whe n the nove l tywasworn away, the
a u die nce siorfook the new comp a ny for the ir oldfr ie nds a t Dror - la ne .
The Erfl: pl’
ay aEted a t Lincol n’s-inn F ie lds,whichfix e d the a tte ntion of the p u bl ic , wasTheme rry W ives of Windfor. This come dy wa s (0
p e rfectlyp layed in “
a ll its p a rts, tha t the cri t ics‘ina ct ing u nive rfa lly ce l e bra te d the me ri t of the p e r
forme rs* the cha rafi e rswe re to we l l.a da p te d tothe ab i l i t ies of the aEfors, tha t no p lay had
'
be e n
re p re fe nted with equ al'
flcill a nd p rop rie ty a t tha t
the a tre .
The g re a t a p p la u l'
e Qu in g ame d in this, thefe e ble ft p ortra i t of Fa lfl a fl
'
, e ncou ra g e d him to
ve ntu re on the molt hi g h—l e a t'
oned p a rt of the cha
ra&e r, in the Firfi: P a rt of He nry IV. O f thisla rg e compou nd of l ie s, bra g g ing a nd e x hau file fs
fu ndot’
wit and hu mou r, (loin p oli'
e lle d the ofte n
fible or me cha nica l—p a rt in a n emine nt de g re e . In
p e rfon he was ta l l a nd bu lky: his voice firong a nd
p le a ting : his cou nte na nce ma nly, a nd his eye
p ie rcing a nd . e x p refiive . In fce nes, whe re fa tirea nd fa rca fm we re p oig na nt , he g re a t ly e x ce l le d ;p a rticu la rly, in The W itty Triumph ove r Ba r
dolph’s
P a llia ti'
, (nun ; Ford, Ryan ; P a g e; O g de n ; Sir H u gh E
vans, Hip p e fl ey; J u t’
tice Sha llow,Bohe me ; S le nde r, Chrifio
phe r Bu llock ; boll of the g a rte r,told Bu llock ; Dr. Caiu s, Eg le
ton ; Mrs. Ford, Mrs. S eymou r ; Mrs. P ag e , Mrs., Bu llocki
Mrs. Quickly, Mrs. Eg le ton.
no DRAMATIC MISCELLANfES.
dol ph’s ca rbu nc l e s, a nd the fool e riesof the holie fs.
In the whol e p a rt he was a nimate d, thou gh not
equ a l lyha p py.
‘
His fu p e rciliou s look, in fpite 61'
a lTumed g a ie ty, l'
ome times u nma fke d the fu rlirte fs
of his difp olition ; howe ve r, he wa s, n‘
otwithl’ta nd
ing fome fa u l ts, e f‘te eme d the moi’t inte l l ig e nt a nd
j u dic iou sFa ll’t afi'
fince thei
‘
days'
of Be tte rtoni.
Be r
ry, who fu ce e e ded Q u in a t Dru ry- lahe
,
’
was,nei
t‘he re e x a ét ih
'
hisou tl ine ’
nor wa rm in hiscolou ring .
He wa s inde ed, the Fa lfia fi‘
of a be e r- hoofe ;whi le the other was the d ig nifie d P refide nt, whe rethe choice ll viandsa nd the be ll l iqu ors we re to be
had. Love , who came ne x t in orde r a t Dru ry~
lane , .wa nte d not a g ood {ha re of vis comica , a nd
la u ghe d'
with ca fe a nd g a i e ty.
“ To p a fs by Ne d
Shu te r’s e x hibi t ion of thisfavou rite p a rt wou ld beu np a rdona bl e .
-Wha t Ne d wa n ted ,
’in ’
ju dgme nt
he fu p p lie d by~
a rchne fs a nd drol lery.“
~He e njoyedthe re fl ects of his rog u e ry
"with“a chu ckle of his
own compou nding , a nd -"rol led his fu ll eye , whe n
de tected, wi th a moll l a u g hable e ffe ct“ VVood-l
wa rd a nd Ya te s p u t on Fa l'
lla'
ff’shab i t for-o n e n ig htonly; The ir re fp e é
’c for the ju
’
tlgme nt’
of the ah
die nce p re ve nted the i r a lluming th‘
e boldne fs of the
cha ra éte u I think the ir difiide nce wa s g re a te r
tha n the ir de fic ie nc ies.“ The fe ”
e x ce l l e nt comicfactors might, by re p e a ted p ract ice , ha ve re a che d
the ma rk which theymode lilyde fp aired to'
hi t.The p re fe nt
‘
a g e has; in my op inion, p rodu ce da rFa llia fl’who ha s» more of the p le fa nt and g ayfe a tu re s of the c ha racte r tha n a ny a é’tor l have ye t
fe en. I 'know ve ry we l l tha t fome of the fu rvivingcomp a nionsa of (b in w i l l p ronou nce it the a trica ltre afon to fu p p ofe tha t it was pollible for this characte r to fu rvive the irde p a rted fri e nd . Bu t Na tu re
is not to n ig g a rdly in hér p roductions. The ri
{ing g e ne ra t ion may fe e new Ga‘
rricks, Ba rrys,Cibbers, and Q ins. Whi le I am wri ting this,
142‘
DRAMATIC MISCEILL'
ANIES.
C H A P T E’
R"
X III .
Mortimer,Hot/p ar , andOwenGlendower .
-
‘7}iefrombetween idem g enera lly omitted in rep re/Enta tion.
Mea ning of tbe word lewd—Courte/fyfrom h aven.
- Mr . Steevem a nd Mr . Ma lone—Robe pontiffioa l.-Fa vou rsin a b loody maik ex p lained—Cu rious
e x tra c‘?fromHollingfl
‘
e ad.~ - Obj eroa tion on tbe in
t erview éetfween tfie king a nd prince .—Wilkr
,
file e x cellence in tbe p rince of Wa/er .-Mr . Lewis
1111e . P a lmer .- The infide of a chu rch,—A
brewe r’shorfe
,- Artificia lnofes, - Stew’d p ru nes,
—Dea t/l of Hot/bu r .- Fal/lafl and Ho
—‘Tbc dtfileu lty of rat/ing a dead 5 0d} on a living
j bou lder—Henderj bn a nd Smith
A& III . Scene I . Hotfp u r, Worcefie r, Mortime r, G le ndowe r.
8 Inte rview of the p tincip al conf iraha s be e n ofte n p re fe nte d to the p u b ic , bu t
cou ld not p re fe rve a p e rma ne nt fl a tion on the
fla g e . I t feems'
of g re a t u fe in the oeconomyof
the p lay, to u nfold the p rogre fs of the rebe l l ion,a nd to difp lay the p a llionsa nd inte re fls of the fe ve
ra l p e rfonsconcerne d in it. By the amp u ta t ion of
thisfce ne , Hotfp u r’s p a rt a p p e a re d to be foma im
e d, tha t Mr. Ga rrickinfifled on its be ing re vived.Howe ve r, a fte r the firft or fe cond n ight
’s afiing,
finding tha t it p rodu ced no e flfec}, he confe nte d to
omit it . If I remembe r rig ht, Col ley C ibberforme rly p layed Owe n G le ndowe r. The ne cro
ma nt ic forg e ries a nd va in boa f’ting s of the W e lchma n a re we l l contrafied wi th the blu nthumou r andcontemp tuou sdifdain ofHotfp u r.
w
H E N R‘Y ' IV. Firfi Pa rt. L
Se ei
ne II . King a nd' l
i
’rinc e of Wales.
K I N G o
To p u nifhmymiftre ading s!
In this, a nd_the forme r p a rt of the fp e e ch,
whe re He nry { p e aks of the difp le afing fe rvice hehad done , Sha klip e a re , I be l ieve , a l lu de s to hisde
p ofing and mu rde ring of R icha rd II . The poe t,a g re e a bly to hil
‘tory, make shim ke e p hisg re a t oi
fe nce s to his fove reig n confiantly in mind ; a nd
He nry’s continu a l comp u nétion a nd remorl
'
e le lle nsou r ha tred to the u fu rp er.
I D E Mo
S u chlewd, fu chme an a ttemp ts!
The . word lewd has,in Shakfp e a re , va riou s
me a ning s; fu ch a s“ imp udent, illibera l, lit entiou r,a nd wa nton . Ve rfte g a n p rove s tha t it orig ina l lyfig nified ig nora nt ; he re , asMr. Ste eve ns obfe rves,it {lands for licentiow.
I D E M .
A nd then I fiole a llcou rte fy from he aven.
IVIr. Steeve nshasju ftifie d who
faysou r poe t in this a l lu de s to the {tory of P ro
me the u s fie a ling fire from he a ve n, by p rodu c ing ap a ral le l p a fl
'
a g e from Mafiing e r’s Du ke of F10
re nce , whichp roves thisa u thor u nderfl oodit in tha t(cu te , by u fing the ve rywordsof Shakfp e a re . Bu t
Mr. Ma lone de nie s tha t Shakfp e a re dre amt in thele a li- ot
’
the fab le of P rome the u a nd infifl s tha t
He nryme a ns tha t he robbe d hea ve n ofitsworfhip ,ashe 'did 'his fe l low- fu bjeéisof the ir a l le g iance .
Thisis ce rta inlymore than the a u thor inte nded.
Cou rte fy for devotion is fu re ly fomewha t firained.The p rog refs, from cou rtefy to humi l ity, isna tu
ral
1144‘
DR’
AMATIC MISCELLANIES.
ra l e nou gh; tha t P rome the u s’s fle a ling fire fromhe ave n w as
‘not u nfami l ia r to Shakfp e a re , can be
p roved from a fimila r e x p re ffip n 1n Othe llo.
Bu t once p u t ou t thy light,Thou cu nning
’fi p a t te rn of e x ce lling N atu re,
“ I know not whe re is tha t P romeibecmhe a t
Tha t ,c an thy light re lumi'nc !
“ O T I ELLO,
'
I i) a m"
My p re fence , like a‘robe p ontifica l.
Su ch a s pop es, p a tria rchs, a nd fa rchbi
'
fhops,w e a r only a t hig hma fs.
Lord Bol ingbroke on be ing once p re fe nt a t highma fs, in the chu rch of
i
Notre D ame in P a ris, wasfo g re a tly de l ighte d wi th the hi gh ce remony a nd
folemn mu lic , tha t he . de c la re d, if he ha d . beén
king of France , he wou ld a lfo have offic ia ted asp ontiff.
P R I N .C‘
E
S tain my favou rsin a bloody
Thisis to be u nde rflood in the fame fe nfe as
the fol lowing p a lfa g e re la ting to the fame p rince ofW a l es 111 R icha rd II . a n V . of whom,
it 13 fa id,tha t he decla red,
He -wou ld u nto the fiews,A nd from the common’ft cre a tu re p lu ck a g love,A nd we a r it a s a favou r
,with tha t
He wou ld u nhorfe the lu hiefi cha lle ng e r.
This a dmirable fce ne .be twe en King He nry a nd
his fon owesitsorig in to a ve ry e x traordinary a nd
p a thet ic inte rvi ew of the fe g re a t p e rfona g es, which.
ha p p ene d abou t a ye arbe fore the de a thof the king .
Shakfp e a re does not a lways obfe rve the orde r of ,
t ime, b u t frequ ently fe leétsfitu a tions and eventsto
w
146 DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES.
dou bted lord a nd de a r fa the r, for . the honou r of
God, to ca fe you r you ,
have of me , and t thisfame da g g e r, (andda g g e rf in a llhumbletha t his life was notTo
to l ive one a’
lay w ith his‘difp le a fu re ; ; a nd, the re
fore , in thisx idding me‘
0ut"
of l ife , and ou rfe lf
froma ll‘fu lipieionr
’hore, in p re fe nce of the li'
e‘
lords,a nd b e fore of the g e ne ral j udgme nt,
‘I faithfu llygp rotefi cle arly 16‘
forg ive yp u ;herewith M ed e a“ from
'
hirfi
the da g g e r, a nd,5 cc, kifl
'
ed‘
him ;l a nd, with {he ddi ed tha t inde ed
'
he
hadhim g p a rtly thou gh'
now, ashe
a nd from the nce
ng'
and
'
maje l'
lic, we llit is lit tle morenot b le nded
“
wi thp ityor te rror, th nts of tra gic p arfion, by the 3 61131 e wri te r it is ren
l
I, who‘a fte r the Refl oranon,
‘
wasaa llér
‘lyp 1c
tu r‘
e of Kyna fion’s behaviou r in this fce ne, to
which I mu ll re fer the reade r.
The e lde r M ills w of de portmentnece ll
'
ary to re p re fe nt a nd maje fly ofthe cha raéte r, which we re
'
cmt ne ntly fu pp lied byBoheme .
- Ha va rd was de ce nt, bu tWi thou t ipirit ; Be ntley is chie fly deficie nt in p otion—TheP rince of Wa les by W i lks was one of the mhfl
p e rfefi e x hibit ions of the"
thca trc. Wilks thrg
ew3 Me
a lide the libe rtine’
g a’
ie t’
yBf Ha’
l,"whe n he a ffirme d
the t
p rince lyde portment ofi‘He nry.
‘At the‘
Bmir’sHe ad he was l ively a nd frolicl
'
ome ; in the re con
ci l ia t ion with'
his la the r,‘
his p e nite nce was g ra ce
fully becomin a nd his re folu tion sof ame ndmentm anly a nd a lfea ing . In hischa l le ng e ofHotf
'
p u r,~hisdefia nce was equ a
’
lly'
g allant’
a nd'
modefi. Inhiscombaowithaha t nob lema n
,his fire iwas tem
p e red withmode ra tion, a nd his re fl eetie nsion the
de a th of the a nd,p a the tiu
The Hotfp u noble portraitof cou ra g e , was not fu
p e‘
eior to the P ri I t is no
difg r’
ace toMr. Lewis a nd Mr. P a lme r, who a re
both actors 'of g re a t me rit, a nd de fe rve mu ch
comme nda t ion in the ir feve ra l re p re fe nta tions’
b f
P rince Henry, to be infe rior to;the a ccomp liflmd
W i lks.tr ait.
1i‘z’knii'
l have not forgotte n the infide of a chu rch I am : p g p pcr. ‘corn, 3 brewer
'
short’
e
'
!‘
The infide of a chu rch
‘1I t
’
reiJuires no fa g a '
city to fe e tha t the ~mfide of« a man t is -
not one of h ifons, a s‘P rince rHe nr te rmed
‘the in a for
me r foe ne ; it is ce rta inly a rep e tit ron of his confe lling tha t be
‘was”
u tte rly"
p nacquainted wi th a n
p la ce of devotion'
S-41be lieve ,'
in'
the days of Shakfp e a re ,
'
bre we rshorfe s' did
'
not re femble “tho
’l'e infou r days; rthey w ere p robably poor j ades, wornou t withife rvice ; a nd the re fore the comp a rifon ofthe
“
fa t,Ea lfl afilwith a fcle a nRofinhnte is not fo idle .
In the reig n of HenryIV . the bu fine fs of brewingwas ca rried on hy
~fe nna le s.
alt ‘Whe the r the me n
chie flye mp loyed ithemfe lves; in (lu ce n El iz abe th’sre ig n, in the ~ occu p a t ion of brewing , ‘I know not .
H 2 H 0 s'
r a ss.‘
z‘t nrr’sHifto
’
r‘
y of»Great-Britain?fl
14s DRAMATIC MISCEELANIES .
' H o s T B'
s s.
You owe me money, Sir j ohn : and now you pick a qu arrcl to
brg uile 'me ofit.
This Is a g ood p re p a ra tive for the a rre fl of,Fal
fiafl'
1n the Second P a rt of Henry IV.
E A L S .T - A F F .
~ In'
Shakfpea re’s time , a
' la rg e ca rbu ncled hole
was a riche r joke tha n it is now,as may a p p e a r
from this fa rcafiica l defcrip tioriof one by Fa lfla flfFor fochc
‘
ha raéte rs a s the J’
ew of Ma l ta a nd Bar
dolph, the a élorsmade u fe of a rt ific ia l nofe s* .
I D E M.
There isnomore”faithin the e than in a fl ewéd p rone.
Toe x p la in a t fu l l wha t isme a nt byflowed p rimer,Mr. Ste eve nshas g ive n no le fs tha n fou rte e n nu
thorities from old bOQkS’. a nd p lays. I wou ld re
comme nd to tha t g e ntleman. to be c onte nt with
one half of the fe qu otations; which, with Dr.
Fa rme r’s a ccou nt of the p rice of a ftewed pru ne ,wi l l
,I think, fa tisfy eve ry re a fonable man.
A61IV. Sce ne ,. I.
H oT s r'
u
There isno qu ailix gi110m .
The word quailing isve ry e x p re fl ive , a nd take n
from the na tu re of the qu ail; whichof a ll birds'
-is
one of the mofl timorou s a swe l l as lafciviou s.The Arabs, fays, Dr. Shaw, do not fp ring
g ame with dog s; bu t, . fl1a ding themfe lves wi th a
p ie ce of canvas {ire tche d u pon rtwo ree ds into the{bade of a door, theywa lk throu gh aVe nu eswhe re ;
they e x p e él tofind it . The ca nvasis u fu a lly { pot
ted,
1»Vidc Mr. new notesog a p alfag ctin the Jam arMalt a.
1 5 0 DRAMATIC'MISCELLANIES.
to a wri te r who te lls us, ‘tha t
“He nry P rince ofW a les, a ndhiscomp a nions, wou ld ru n a fte r a fla g ,and take him
,wi thou t
,hou nds, or x a ny, we a pon
wha tfoeverz’
V E R N O N .
Pall p lum’d like e t'tridg e s.
The befi a ndmofi a ccu ra te a ccou nt we have OFthe oilrichis to be fou nd in Dr. . Shaw’s T rave ls,whichis inde ed a good comme nta ry on feve ra l
y e rfesof the 39thcha p te r of job . As tha t l e a rned’
wri te r’sde fcrip tion is take n from his own . p e rfona l
knowl edg e , I [ha l l qu ote a p aifa g e re la t ing to the
u ncommon fwiftne fsa nd ' be a u tyof the ofirich.
Whe n a ny of the fe b irdsarel"
coming fu ddenly u pon them,whiliithey a re
ing in fome va l ley, or behind fome rockyor fr'
na ll'
emnience in the de fe rts, theywi l l . not fl ay to be
c u riou fly v iewed a nd e x amined ; ne i the r a re the
Arabsde x trou s e nou gh to overtake them, thou g h
they a 1e mou nte d u pon the i r'
infe s, or horfes of
fami ly. Tfi‘
c’
y,fwfien
‘May'
raie Mam/elves up for'
fl igh , la ug k a t His fiarfe and fir rider .* They
a fford him a n op portu ni ty on ly ofa dmimng , a t a
diiia nce , the e x t raordinary a gil i ty, a nd the‘fl a te li
ne fslikewife , of the irmotions ;‘
the r1chnei’
sof their
p l uma g e , a nd the . g re a t p rop ri e ty the re wa s'
of aT
c ribing to them a n ex p a nded quivering wing .! No
thing ce rta inly ca n be more be a u t ifu l a nd e nte r
ta ining tha n ru ch a ' fight : the wing s, by the ir re
p e a ted, thou gh u nwe a rie d, vibra t ions, wequ a llyfe rving them for failsa
'
ndoa'
rs; ‘whilfi the 1r fe e t , no
e fs a fl ifiing in conveying them ou t of fig ht , a re no
le fs infe nfible of fa tig u e .
” Shaw’s Trave ls. into
Africa .H o T s P u R .
Tajk’d the whoie a m:
Tafl'
rdisa word, in the old Chronic l es, for ta'
x ed’
"my 1: it:
Job, eh. m ix . venfe 18.-
f Ve rfe 13.
'1
, l 0
$ 0Worccfter,‘ih' the lafi
'
fce ne of the tirlt ‘
aét
Audit isno‘
little'
reafon s bia'
s
'
u sneedy.
T9 fave‘our headsby raiiin
‘
g”
of a1
Q
1Act V Scene I I .
31> Ri
l 3 1C"? H
"
E N’
‘R' Y .
Heaven fbrbid a (hailow féfat c’
h fliou ld drive‘
The P rince . ofWalesfrom inch‘a field asthis.
“ p re fe nr, thou h the n‘
ve ry you ng ,“
fifte e n ye ars0 a g es, a t the ba ttle of
where he fou ght ,bmve lyg , and wait
"
a not o leave the fie ld of ba ttle;m
t hough cannefily,
intre a ted byi’
eve ral of the na bs 1
p
r b‘
E M.
'
And now two pacesof the vilciie ar th"
Isroom e nou g h.
Qu a ntities/in b‘
orm'
rmm cor’ufcydd a L- fl
J g V l‘
fl ‘f t ; Sit. x .
The toHall , whois cop ie d byHol l ve ry fiou tly, a nd ki l led,with thirty- fix of the
“
irebe ls.
.Thou g h.the fame a u thors e x p re fs themfe lvesfomei
what robfi'
u re ly, ye t we may. g a ther from the bon
te x t tha t P erc'
ywas fl ain bytthe iHrince of»Wa le s.
S towe fays, tha t Hotfp u r, ru nnidg fforward amongftthe thickefi of
‘the e nemy, was
‘
fl ain.
F A L s T A r'
r .
‘
The refore , firrah, witha tnewwou nd inqou ra thigh, See n 3
A ma n ofg e niu s-
has ,take n 1p ainsa totre fc u e the
charact e r of Faliiai’f from the cha rg e - of cowa r
H 4 d ice
1 5 2.1
dice i“ not confide ring , tha t,if the knig ht is
p roved to be a ma n of3 cou ra ge , ha l f the m irthheraifesisqu ite loft a nd
'mifp la ced :‘
Tt rince a nd‘
P oinsobta ine d, evide ntf
p roofs ofhisda fl a rdlyfp irit, tha t the ‘whol e imirbh’
,
in the admire d fcene of his de te af‘
e d te rgive rrfa tion,de p e ndsu pon it . _ _
Q ld Ja ckisi
fo'faijrly'
bi‘unteddown,
by the p la in tale'
a ndke e n féproa ches o the P rince ,tha t he is redu ced, to
'
th'
e ne t eiiit'
y of e x cu fing hiswa nt ofcou ra g e , by a ttribu ting whisfe ar to infiina
bu t, if a nyproof of his t imidi ty be , ye t gwa nt ing ,
we have , in this fcene , fu chasbids_derfia nce to a ll
for Fa llia fl", riot'
fa tisfied‘
wi th feeingthe de a d body
: of P e rcy before him to rh'
ake a llfu r
'
e,wou ndsthefc
'
orps
on - th’
e Charme rs foftmore ,
\
byhis a
iic tha t he wasve ry comp e te nt to fiip port a nyh'
y
p othefis by b1illiancy’
3
ofwit'
a nd p la ufibil’
ityn
of a rg ua
me nt.
t'
o E M '
.
I'
ll follow, as they,fayj rforthe hope ofirewa rd l
Nojoke ‘eve rs raife d fa chlou d a nd re p e a ted mirth'
,
in the g a l l er ies, msSirijohn‘s
'
labou r the
fHotfp nr onshisb a ck. ifHotRaff -ha d (be e n onzill- te rms
, oin a ny qu arre l‘hadita z
ken p la ce betwee n them ,a the . 1he ro,:if‘
he ‘was firinc line d, cou ld '
h ave te a'
z e d '
the‘
fa t‘fkn‘
ightfinifu ch»
a manhe r a s to ha ve give n ihim no litt le :m adam.
How Booth a nd = Ha rpe r ma na g ed this p a ntlo‘mimic
fce ne isnot ve ry e a fy t o te l l ; Booth’s we ight a nd
rou ndne fs of fig u re wou ld re nde r the bu lkyHa rp e r’s
lift ing him on hisba ck worfe than wa lking a hu n
dmd yardson u neven -
g rou nd: { £5 d littie
‘
or:
nm bnwcrcmmwoffnaiamf - f
f t“
g 11 11 5 , 1
15 4 DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES.
King Henry IV. Second P a rt .
C H A P T E R X IXVL
S econd P a rt of Henry IV. owing
ea ten by a g ame
lIe teach—Lady P ets-aI a nd Cib
fu cce l'
sof the Firft P a rt of He nry IV.
have be e n u ncommon, for it a p p e a rs,from Mr. Ma lone s Chronologica l (
"
cries of ou r
au thor’s p lays, t ha t it ,
was- ente red,
into the S t a t ione rs booksiii the be g inning of the ye ars t 5 98 , ere ;t i t led the Hifioryof He nry IV.
‘
The write r‘
did
not, a tstha t t ime , p e rha p s, fore fe e that he ihou ldbe e ncou ra g ed to . continu e the (tory. Howeve r,the Se cond Pa rt of He nry IV . Was regifl e re d, inthe fame book, in the be g inning of the ye a r 15 99 ,
Shakf’
p e a re wa s not more tha n thirty- fou r ye a rsold
When the fe a dmirable produ flions of his g e niuswe re e xhibi te d; If I could pofl ibly envy the p le afumes-which the a u dience s enjoye d in old t imes, it .
wou ld be ibr tha t inconce iva ble de l ight whichinte llig e nt a u di torsmu flchave fe lt a t the . firfia fl ingof Shakfp e a re
’s nobleiidramas. Methinks I . fe e
a nd hea r‘
the tumu l tu ou s joy and thu nde rin v a p
p la ul'
e whichthe,
unp ara lle led .chara&ct o Fa l
H E N R Y W Secondmast. , g xsg.
Ra ffmuiihave afiforded a t his finfi re p re fentation l
A cha ra éte r, fo (up e rior to the conce p t ion of thebrightefi fa ncy, mu tt have [tru ck them with a ltonilhme nt l To have fe e n
o
Ben Jonfon, wi th an
afi'
ume d cou nte nance of g aie ty, a nd ,w1th e nyy in
hishe a rt, join the g rou pe of la u ghersand a p p la u de rs, mu ll have added to the
re al friends a nd admirers.
R umour ii: (0 e a fy and p laidThe wavering mu ltitu de s
Rumou rzishe re comp a red to a »muficalinfirument .SoHaml e t, in {bewing a fl uie : tO
'
Gtitlde rftern f.
Ca’
u you p lay. u pntr this pipe }
Why,‘tisu se a fy as lying .
Look you, there a nd : fiap r‘w
W O R T H U M B E R L'
A N‘DW
- EVCI'Y~A mim e 110W
Shou ld be the father of tonic“t an gent.
'
Tliat 1s,;ihould bringiforth‘
fome'
g reat eve nt.
xv D a: M:
H : Ag ain» !
Saidhe you ng Harry P ercy
’s(p u t: wascold Pf
Ndrthumberla ’
nd, by the word a'
g ain, calwha t the man
son horfe ba
i , x
‘
r n 1; id.
80 l’
ookn the [trend
Ha th«left"
a witnefs’d u l'
u rp a tion.
cou nte na nce , isfinely?
Venice Pa tented;
‘I
Then, _j aflit r, fhou ldfi thoa’nrécwing» “it?!
A.
1 r "n i
" N“O fl 1. H
‘
6 fi g tfii A iN Do‘f’“ 1
Ta y lor alliliis,
Dr.
jJohnfon wou ld .
.g ive .this line “is Bardolph
howeve r, he doe s not offe r to‘a l te r thea te x t, ’
bp t
candidly p ropofe s a mode oi~dif’erilfnting the p a rts
of the fp e e ch, which ‘hé thinks be long to fe ve ra l
inte rlocu tors. ~ I ca nnot ' fee any- a dvanta g e §to beg a ined by it. and p ca n be a r no
inte rru p t ion. C ibbe r, in a da p tingv this{bottom the
oircumfl a nce 05 P rince . Edwa rd’s mu rde r, in the
tra g e dyof Richa rd HI . has'
give n t his l ine toKingHenry;
‘
The fa th'
e r‘of Edwa rd, a nd thas
‘the reby
re nde re d the fc e ne more afi’e fting .
iMorton is, I ,
think, too mu ch ove rwhe lmed fwith‘tlie weight Of
hisl u nha pp y' tiding s to
’
re a fon a fozlcohclu’
fivelfi a nd
coollyt ase in the hnes whichDr». Johnf'
on g ives to
him ; Lord~Ba rdolbhve ry pmp e rly bre a ksfilence ,by laying , q
t cannot thinkhtn);
lordh you r fon ts dead:
Gre a t part of this, fce ne,be tween gNo’rthu nabe rland
‘
TraV'
e r
'
sisnot u nfl éill'
u lly it‘bv
i
en'
iritd thi
s?£16kof Gibbe r’s a lte ra tion tollR icha rd II I . a nd a p
p lied toHe nry..VUs- Janie nt a tion Lfort the m u nde r of :hisfon. The ce le bratedsimp reca tion of uNio
‘
rthumble rland
,fod e fe ryedly p r
hnTon,Cib’be rf
'
wqu ldve ral
‘ l inesof it ifitb hisrema inde r he clofed‘
the .
‘i niMzfi-‘j
1 5 s Dam mit: MiscaLLANiEs.
the rzdefig n'
not itoc omp ly, with“
.
the ‘.g e ntleman’s
req,
1 D‘1 n
' in
ibou ghtmmin P au l’s. .
Tha t is, I picked flim' up t/im : Tha t St. Pau llsChu rch-
ya rd wa s, t i ll the la t te r e nd o f (Lu e enAnne’s reig n, a common ' re fort
' for a ll fortsof p eo
p le we find‘from‘Pop e
’sElfay
'
on Criticifm :
Noris P au l’schnréhmore fre e than P auL’s (‘
Zhitrchfyei
rcht
1h Sh‘akf re
’s t ime‘, it was not only a p la ce for?
idle p eoplie
a
:che a ts, a nd knights of? the poll, bu tfbr politic ia ns, cou rt ie rs, and othe rs, who me t
»
the re tohe a r cou rt a nd city news, - a nd ~difcu fs-
po
litica lma tte rs. This informa t ion O fborne give e .
us, whowashimfelf a n ambula tor.in S t. Banks..
3J
I ’ D E M a
Y bu lie inyou r throa t it you fayl’
am anyoth’
e
The lie d irect p re cede d, or a ecom
cha l leng es from the comba ta nts, with. a nd . ba gs”to king s, a nd ' emp e rors, ;who- fou g ht a rmed'
a t a ll
. points. Fra ncis 11 king ofi'
Fra ne e , a nd hanle s
iv, . emp e romof Ge rma ny, . g ave and re t ume'
d the
lie‘
to eachothe r withequ al
” IV A L s. T . A .F; F . .
verylmn, 1
Mr. .Theobald’s rema rk tha t the word 011iin thequ a rto edit ion, laced zb
'
e fore'
this fp e ech, re fe rssto~
the worl idm 19; cannot eafilybe re fu te d . Mr. .
S te eve ns’sobfervation tha t 's/imight fin d
~for~thebe g inning of
The actor of Fa lfia
looking ove r the fe
to the editions of
H E N RY‘
IV. Second Part. - t 5 9
Bea umont a nd'
Fle tche r, the re is not one which.
be g inswi th7 g 1;
Q £~ Q
I D 1. Mi.
You hu nt cou nte r.
Withfnbmifl ion toDr; Johnl'
on and“
M?.fSte e pvens, I thinkFa lfia fl
'
byAu nt cou nter allu de s to the
bu line fsof Tipfl afi‘
, who, bythe j u dg eswa rra nts,conveysxofihnde rs
‘The ' chie f ju-f
t ice ta lksof p u nifliing-F
'
a lfiafi'
by the he e ls; a nd, ,
if he had p u t his thre a t intoe x e cu t ion, the Qfice rf
the np re fe nt'
wit‘
h him. mufi have be e n emp loyedin tha t fe rvice . The he ad
“
of the law, in thisfce ne , ,
does not a p pea r in the cha raéie r of a p riva te g e n;tleman, bu t. dse ll
'
ed 1in his robes of office , a nd, ,
confequ ently, , with p rop e r, a ttenda nts: to commitde l inqu ents to p rifon
(1mm: n r u s f r omYou r wit isfing le .
Izama lwaysdifiident‘in myOpin ionwhen
~rcano ~
not a ll‘
ént to the j u dgme nt of’
two fu ch emine nt 'crit icsasDr: t nfon The fifili
'
fu p pofes. that,: by jing le wit; Shakfpe a re me ahs~that whichis u nfa fhiona ble ; a nd
.
the la tte r, tha t
Falfiafi'
had more fa t thanwit . The chie f ju liie e ,in myopinion, .inte ndsto re proachhimwi thbe ingfole lyma tie rof tha twit which p romoted dilfip a tion, lice ntiou fn
'
e fs, a nd de ba u che ry. Tha t hiside as a nd p ra aice we re p e rfectly conformable , hewas become fo hab i tu a ted toloofe difeou rfe a nd‘a
p rofiig a te mode of liv ing ; tha t he cou ld not re form.
In fhort, fays the“
chie f ju flice ; you r witisconfinedto one (a bj ect, you a re a p erfe fl Grang e r toreafoning on a ny topic, ,
e x ce p t tha t whichisconnected .
with lu x ury, and/leads to the tavernorthe bawdy
' i60 DRAMWI‘IC Miscsmamns:
fiThe icha rac’t’
e r of the chief jufiice , in thisis tha t of g rave dig ni ty, a nd of anthdrity
stem
wi th le nity. . It was rende re d imp orta nt , ma ny
ye a rs fince , byMil‘Boma'
n, the contempora r’vx of
,Be tte rton who ma inta ined the ‘fe rions '
dEport
me nt of the j udg e with the '
g ra ce fu l e a fe of the
g entlema n.
St ene‘lll’
. Archbilq p t ork, Hafiing s, Mowb ray, and Lord Ba rdolph.
H A s‘
I“; It 0
‘
s:
Tolay down likehhoods a nd formsof hop e.
L O R D B A IR D 'O L l’ tH .
Y es,.ia this pre fe nt qu a lity.ofwa r, j
Inde e d ofinfla nt aa ion.
Ii
i
/
1
k . Pop e a lt e red the re adingf ofytlse two la fl l ines
t us
Y e s, if
'
thisp re fe ntrqu alisyo fwas
Impe de'
. the infiant ac’
t.
Which, faysDr.
"
johnlion, was. .filen tly embra ce dbyThertba ld, sSir T " Hamme r, ta nd ' DrJWarbnrte n Bu t Dr. Johnfionr with
’diliidencei, , p rmp dfiesIto-read :
Mr. S teeve ns thinks brawl ht be the word ;andMr mig ht be admitted, I a l te ra tion,
‘
whichmayM bly. re flore the g e nu ine re a ding
lit 21c ofinlta nt va ttion
Bydi‘
fi'
olving indieil, intoth'
e pQnm and the fubfiantive deed, fenfe ism
p 5 2 DRAMATIC Ml‘S’
CELLANIES ;
‘
whom it was fpoken, the mea ning may be ca ftil)
‘ 3 ’
t' l ‘
r A I. a n it'
s r .
My lord; I‘
willmt u nde rg o this fne a p :
Mr. Pop e has e x p lained a [ map to be a rebu ke
Bu t Mr. conte nt wi th this, has
fibefides re fe rring u s to Ray’s P rove rbs) produ ced
no l‘
e fs tha n thre e a u thorities tb’
prove the famething ; for, wha to
' ise teo client; bu t Sheaphas, by loling a le tte r,
'
be e n cha nged intofizap zi—fi
H 0 8 . T K 8' S »
I hop e you will come to (u p p e r..
‘He re this fo'
olifhwoma n is- cajole d byuhe knightit'
oe
in’
cre a fe he r“
de bt by p awning he r'
p la te f-i- a
'
nd
is ve ry e afily a ccou nted for,: byrefolving . he r'he
havibu r into the p owe r' of cufiom; tThe holie fs
'
cou ld not e ndu re the me lancholy thou ghts of hav
ing he r rooms tinoccu pied by he r old g u e lisL Fa llfl afi
'
a nd. his comp anie ns
Sce ne H P rince and Poms;
P “ 0 I N 3 .
P will ltecp this le tte r in ra ck, , a ndmake h1m - e at it.I
Mr. S te evens qu otes the fl ory . of an a p p a ri tor'
who wasobl ig ed to e a t a cita tiony wa x ia nd a ll, by
the famousR‘
bb'
e rt Gre e n. Mode rn time scan p ro:d u ce nothing like this, e x ce p t the tcontriva
ynce ofia
note d g ame fle r, who be ing cleie rmined‘ra t1all e :
ve nts to win a p re t ty la rg e fum'
ofmoney, re folvedto de flroy the e vide nce of a ca rd a gainfihim a nd,c a l l ing for two flices of bre ad a nd b u tte r, a nd c la pp ing the obnox iou switnefs be twe e n them,
'he fa irly“
devou red it, a nd won the g ame .
Ytom a god ta a bu ll a he avyde feca tion !
HE N R Y IV. SecondtRa rt .13fig
The word liea fvy fe ems to convey,
no a p pofiteme aning . I lhou ld ima g ine Shakfp e a re wrote lia rwn/y de fée nfi d the wordswhich fol low fe emtoju fiify this
‘
re ading ,—Tt wa r 7011135 It was
a de fc ent liomhea ve n by Ju pit e rhim‘k lf. From a t
p rime to a’
prentice , a law transforma tion, fe ems tobe contra fted wi ththe forme rme tamorphofis.
Scene III . Northumbe rland,}Lady P e rcy, 8x20;
n A n v P E R C Y . .
For thofe who cou ld fp eak low andWou ld tu rn their own f p erfefiiou s to abu fe
To {ecru like him.
Thisis the g e ne ra l p raétice of infe rior minds, toca tchr a t, a nd imi ta t e , the defe étsof
t g re a t fpirits,be ca u fe e afily a tt aine d, ra the r than emu l a te t he irnoble a nd g e ne rou s qu a l i t ie s. This a dmira blefp e ech of Lady
'
P e rcy, in which {he e nde a vou rsto
diffu ade Northumbe rla ‘
nd‘from
'
joining the revolte rs, by p ut ting him inmind ofHot l
‘
p u r’sfa te , con
e ludes wi th a molt be au t iful piétu re .
Had my fwe e t Ha rry had' ba t half their: numbe rs
,
To-daymight l, hanging on Hotfip u r’s'
ne ck,Have t ta lk
’d of Monmou th’s g rave
hwill re lolve for S cotland.
Notwithl‘sa nding the Ea rl of Nonthumbe rla nd had
‘
be e n p a rdone d-shy the , king ,, foon ~a ft e r the ba tt l e '
of Shrewfbu ry, his refl le fs m ind p e rfiliing in aa s
of rebe l l ion, he de te rmined to join Archbilhop‘
Scroo bu t was p re ve nted by forces fe nt
a g a in him, which a p p rehe nding he cou ld not‘
refifl , , he fl ed to Scot l a nd ; whe nce , ,a fte r (ome
lit tle fl ay, he re tired toWa le swi thLord Ba rdol ph.
From Wa les they ma rched into Y orkfhire , a ndi
taifed an , a rmy; , bu t we re ~op pofe d by the king’s
15 2,
DRAMATlC a/ns'
carlmmss.
forces. Northumbe rland was.
killed in the’ bat tfleof Brarnhain a nd Lord Ba rdolph died of thewou nds
'
li'
e rec e ive d there .
Scene 'IV. Fa lfiaff a ndDol l .
F A L‘s T A,
- F F .
A tame‘che ate r, he ;
By a ve ry g ood note of Mr. S te eve nson thisp a fefag e , in whichhe
iqtiot
'
es l‘ifiihil fMumcha nce , the
g ame fl e rswe re ca lle d threa ten, a nd the dice abide” .
f fu p pofe Che te rs we re fa lfe d ic e , Whichinmore
mode rn times a re ca l le d Hie dofio‘rf .
- p r 3 fr‘(5 L .
Swe e t knight, I kit'
s thyneif'
.
Naifis the Scotchword, a t thisday,
F A L S T As F F ;
K rzl’
cally fl aye l tO‘
bx-‘
ave me T“
This l‘
ce ne p re fe nts u swi th a new chara é’t e r—mPifl ol a ‘cowa rd, who talks bi e nou g h to, frig hten
away (ca n . He is a n le x ce len t p ortra it of the
fword a nd bu ckl e r’
me n or bravoes, of (LicenBe fs’s days, who we re re ady to thew c ou ra g e
whe re no Op polition wou ld be ma de . The fe ,we re
the bu l l ie s in the hou fe s of e nte rtainme nt of ou r
a u thor’s‘time . Pifiolisa hero, whe re fu ch a sBa r
vdolph, Nym, a nd, P e te , a re the u nde rl ing s. He
fe ems to be a n obviou s c ha racte r ; a nd'
r
ye t it
b e owne d tha t no, a ctor,”
howeve r we l l" Jinfiru a ed
a nd j u dic iou s, has g a ine d g re a t a r
p p la u lfe in o
the re
p re fe nta tionofthe bu rle fqu e a nd boifie rou shumou rof Pifiol fince it was p laye d by The ophilu s 9 Pbe r. He a fl
’
u med a p e cu lia r kind of fa ll'
s fp rrrt,a nd u ncommon blu fl e
‘
ring , with fu ch tu rg id a c
tion, a nd long u nme a fura ble ofis'ide s, that it wa s
impoflible not to la ug h a t (0 e x tra va g a nt a fig ure
}:Wlt
“
was Dam/mm
at : H‘
A a) m R”
XV.“
Scene , king , fire .
at r N 6 .
Thou ghthen, H e ad’s knows, I ha d no‘fu ehin
'
tent.
HAKSPEARE forg e ts tha t, be fore . thisinterview be twe e n Richa rd a nd Northumbe rland,
He nry ha d la id c la im to the crown, and «wa s p awc la imed king .
l have receivld
A e e t‘tain iu ltance tha t Gle ndowe r isde ad.
I lfl a tu‘e forinforma tion. G le ndowe r wasp ardone d,
a t the requ efimf David Holbe ck, Efq; bythe king ;bu t, being drive n
‘
to g re atefl raits, a nd redu ced to
wa nd:
‘from p la ce tozp lac e , he p e rithed formere
want.
Scene II . Shal low, S i lence .8 H A L L 0 W .
How doe syou r fair da u ghter ?
8 I L B N C E.
’
n EN a y , w. Second P art 167
S '
1 (L A! N <0 B e
My da u g hte r is fo fa r from be ing fa ir, as you{te rm he r, tha t the isof a ve ry da rk comp le x ion.
S H A L L O W .
.Andtcp a g e toThomas Mo‘
wbray, Duke‘
ofna rra te.
In a note on this p a ll'
a g e , Mr. Re e d bring s fomeobferva tions, fnom a oem of ] . W e eve r, a nd a
Ep arriphle t ca lle d The Trave l l inglkw,
whichte ndto p rove tha t Shakfp e a re alte red t e name of O ldca
‘
ftle‘
to Falfiafif. Mr. Ste eve ns, a sif the honou r
of Shakf e a re we re mightily c once rned in thisma tte r, e tshimfe lff with g re at v igou r to op p ofe
the fe p roofs, a nd thinksit ve ryTira ng e tha t, be ca u feShakfpéa re borrowed a fingle circumfl ance fromthe Life of the re a lO ldca llzle , a nd imp a rted it tothe 6&itiousFa lfiafi
'
, it lhou ld be infe rred tha t thename of the forme rihou ld be a cove r to the .vicesof the la tte r.
”
Ba tisit tru e tha t the re is bu t onecircumfl a nce common tohothknights?The contrary can, withou t mu ch difiicu lty, be roved.
Tha t Sir John O ldcafile , be fore the acce ron—ofHenry V to the crown, wasmu ch abou t his p e r(011, nay, one of hisdomefiics, we lea rn from the
Life of tha t king , writte n in La tin by’
I_
“Levine .d temporir, nii/r
'
te: du o egncj frirIdctfiIe , (g uiante corona tionemre
in‘Ba le’sChronic le ofhis
he kne e led down on theholding u p hisha nds towa rds he aven,ifiriw*
15 28 DRAMATIC MfSCELLANtEs.
living God, Ma t,in my fl ail yo
’
u tfi,I alfl nded M3
Lord
in can many men fiaw I hurt
mine a ng er , a nd donama ny atfier1
O ldca flile ‘wa’
s e x treme ly e fu l to the clerg yon
ma ny a ccou ntsz - not c onte nt ‘with c e nfu ring the
doctrine, { they p re ached, .svith u nbou nded' fne'
edom,
h.
e ende avoure d tO p rove that
a n
to the fl a re .
gra nde u r a nd
tha t he'
wou ldprive , them of
ha d, a t le a l’t, fu l l as mu ch z e a l,as knowledg e ;
Whe n fummone d b e fore the.
he ads»of the chu rch,he
'
tre a ted themwi tha n afp e rity‘of languag e which
no'
bodyof me n wou ld tole ra te .
He iold them a t his trial,irwed Cari/tfince a
‘fie oénoia
Whe n the a rchbifhop'
of
wha t fhe me ant 7by that ve no
‘Canwe dou bt‘
tha t'
(the
eve ryop portu ni tyoffO ldca ftl
l
ek cha
anobje& of
tha t O ldca ftl
the commonwas 31 l iar, a g lu ttonfi a p rofacowa rd ; in fhort a ny thing tha tod iou s to the
‘
common p eoPIe .
‘
Tha t Shakfp e a re fou nd ,him fu ch, it isr e a fonable to ima g ine , and tha t he adop ted the
‘
name of
O ldcallle
170 DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES .
}ohn of Ghe nt, or Ga u nt , was fo named fromGhe nt , the p la ce of his b irth.
1Bu t Ghe nt 15 p ro
nou nced a s the Fre nch word g a a r, g loves. To
thisp u n, I think, Fa lfl a ff a l ludes, a nd ne t to Sha llow 5 be ing g a u nt or le a n.
‘Tfie trufl ing aim and first
t una/e app ar el into a n e el in fe ems to favou r myconjefl u re . This fort oiqu ibble wa s a p p l ied to
the g re a tDuke ofMa rlborou gh,who, a t the clofe
of the camp aig nin‘r'
709 , a nd on the e ne ofxwinter,
having belie ge da nd taken the fame c ityofGhe nt,the news-write rsqu a intly fa id, his= Gra ce de c lare dhe cou ld not a t tha t t ime of the ye ar crofs the wa zte r wi thou t G/iont , or g loom, to ke e p him wa rm.
fl nna l: of d en Anne.
In thisfce ne Shakfp e a re e x e rtshis p owe r to fu p
p ort an e qu a l comic vein wi th his dia log u e .rin g thefirfttp a rt of thishiliorya J t rcannot be d en ie dthat,howeve r rich the humou r 15 in the forme r p lay, he
‘
{hewslittle or no infe riority in this. Fa lfl a ff a nd
Sha l low form a n admira ble contra li: the ba rre nne fs of the cou ntry fquire feltsoff t i
i
e fec u ndityofthe knight . They a re both e g re g iou s liars; a nd
,
“
thou gh Fa lfia ff’s 1m e nttons a re more fru i tfu l .in
ma tte r a nd brighte r in fancy, the l i es of. Sha l low,
"
thou g hofa colde rcomp lex ion, e ntertaint from'thein
oha ra é’te riflic forma tioni a . r "1
Tha t Kemp e a€ted Sha llow orig ihaliy, the dis-I
lig e nce ofMr. Ma lone , I think, has p rove d. I do
not fe e a ny a u thori ty to fu p p ofe . tha t the fe cond
of He nry IV. was rev ived, immed ia te ly a fte r
Refiora tion,nor t i l l a bou t the middl e or l a tte r
e n of (Lte en Anne’5 re ig n, whe nDog g e t p e rfona t
eil ha l low.
Whe n'
]ohn R ich, Efq is the a tre in
Lincoln’5 inn- fie lds;’in 171 W i lks, a nd
C ibbe r, the mana g e rs of Dru ry- la ne , folicitou s to
re ta in in the ir fe rvice c ome dia ns foime ri t, p a id a
p a rticu la r refp eé'
t toB. Jonfon the ra étor, a nd ga ve
1m,
.H E N'
R Y IV . Second Part. “
17t
him, befides a n a dd i t ion ta '
hia 1ncome , fu ch p a rts
ofDog g e t (whohad ta ke n hisle ave ofthem)aswereofmolt confequ e n
'
ce a nd he ft ada p ted tohismanner:Among ft‘the refi was the p a rt of Ju ftice Sha l low
“
.
Bu t Col le y Cibbe r took fu ch a fancy to the me rry,ig nora nt, a nd foolifh, old rake , tha t u pon jonfon
’s
{ udde n illne fs, he ma de himfe lf ma tte r of the..p a rt,
a nd p e rformed it fomu ch to the la tisfa étion of the
p u blic , tha t he re ta ined it ‘
a 5 1long ashe remu p on the fl a g c. C ibbe r, in his Apolog y, whfrom re a l or a ffect edmodefiy, a l l edg estha t hein the mofl: of his «cha ra&e rs,
'
nomore tha n a
imita tor of a ll fu ch p laye rs ashad’formei‘ly re p re
fe nted them: This was the ca fe inhis Fondlewife ; in whichhe c0pie d fo e x a étly the tone ofvoice , ma nne r, .a nd d re fs, ofDog g e t, tha t the a n;
die nce , he fays, a t firfl b e lieved him to be tha t ccle bra te d come dia n.
Whe the r be wa sa copy‘
or anOrig ina l in'
Sha llow,
it,is ce rta in tha t no a u d ie nce was eve r more fix ed
in de e p a tte nt ion, a t hisfirfi’
a p p e a ra nce , or more{hake n with lau g hte r in the
'
p rog re fs of the fce ne ,tha n a t Col leyGibb e r
’se x hibition of this ridicu lous
ja flice of p e ace . Some ye ars a fte r he 'had le ft thefl a g e , he a éte d Sha l low for his fon’s b enefit ; Ibe l ie ve in 17317, whe n (figinWas the Fa lftai’f, andIVIilwa rd the zking . Whe the r itwasowing ,to , the
p le a fu re the-fp eEta torsfe l t 011 fe e ing their old
'
frire tu rn to , them a g ain, tltou g fi
‘
for‘
tfia t trig/it c
a fte r a n abfe nce of - fome ye a rs, I know not ; bu t,fu re ly, no a a or or a u die nce were b e t t
'
e rp le afe dwi the a chothe r. .Hismanne r gwas fo . p er‘fe étly, fimple ,his look fo v aca nt, whe n he qfie ftioned hisCou finS ilenc e abosu t the ' we s, and l amente d, inthe
‘
fame b reath,- furp rife , the
'
de a thofGld Double , 11hat mpofiible for
‘any
‘fu r
viving lip e éta tor not to fmile a t the -
remembranceof it. The wa nt of ide asoccafions Sha l lowto re ;
p ea t a lmoft eve ry thing he fays. Cibber’s tran11 a fitiozn
1 172 DRAMATIC MISCELLAN IES . .
fttion from a fk ing the p rice of bu l locks, to'
trite ,bu t g rave , re fl e f’tionson morta l i ty, w asfo na tu ra l ,a nd a ttended with fach a n u nme a n ing
'
rol l of his
fmall pig s~eyes, a ccomp a nie d wi th a n importa nt
utte ra nce of t ick ! t ick ! tick ! not mu ch lou de rtha n the be a ting of a wa tch, tha t I qu efiion if a nya ctor wa s e ve r fu p e rior in the conce p t ion or e x:p re flion .of fu chfolemn infig nifica ncy.
Jonfon, .a ye a r or two a fte r Cibbe r ‘had l e ft thefia g e , a nd, whe n he was be twe e n feve nty a nd
eighty, u nde rtook thetp a rt of Sha l low ; a nd thou gh
the'
old hou nd had .loft a lmofi a ll his te e th, he was
fiill fo fl a u nch, . tha t he feiz ed hisg ame a nd he ld
his tru e tha t, howeve r chafie he w asin his co
lou ring a nd corre a : in hisd rawing , he wa nte d the
high finifhing a nd wa rm t ints of Col leyCibbe r ;ye t his act ing was fu ch a swe ma y de fp air to fe e
e x ce l led, if'
equ a l led : for, thou g h tha t e x ce l le ntComedia n, hasofte n g ive n
‘
g re a t p le aftire tn Sha l low, “ I ca nnot think tha t’he is(0 a bfo-o
lute lyju ft, in the de l ine a t ion of the p a rt, as- Ben
jonfon. Mr. P a rfons has, of la te ye a rs, p layedSha l low with tha t ha p py,
mirth a nd g le e whichisfu re toca p t iva te a n a u die nce z
’
for.whoca n be g rave
Whe n P a rfons e ithe r looks or fp e aksWhe the r Jonfon confide red his bemg de p rive d
ofSha l low, for a lmofl twe ntyyea rs, as‘
a ma na g e r’s
trick,‘
or dithone lt manoe u vre of Col leyC ibbe r, ishot -known ; bu t the old man neve r fp oke of himwi tha ny comp lace ncy.
A61 IV . Sce ne , Archbithop ofYork, Szc .
'
The inte rview of the infu rg e nts, a nd the Ea rl
bfW efimore land a nd Du ke of La ncafie r,‘with
the ir a rmiesin fig ht , was neve r re p refe n’
ted wi tha nywa rm toke ns of a p p roba t ion from the a u di tors,who alwaysdifmiffed it with indiffe re nc e , a nd, in
174 DRAMATIC MISCELLANIFS .
thority, frighte ne d away the p e op le a nd the mirac l e sa t the fame t ime .
Scroop e wasthe firIibiIhop tn Eng la ndwho fu ffe red de a thfor tre a fon or a ny othe r crime
, He nrywasthe firft of ou r king swho bu rned he re t ics andbehe ade d p re la tes.
A man cannot: make him la u gh bu t tha t‘s no marve l ; hedrinks nowine . Thin drinksdo Io ove r- cool the blood, a ndmak
ing ma n'
yfills-
”
me a ls,tha t they fa llinto a kind ofmale g re enofi
'
ck
lid s, a nd, whe n they ma rry, they g e t we nches.
Wha t Shakfp e are fays lu dicrou flyof thin pota t ions,or wa te r- drinking , is confirmed by no le fs a u thori~
ty than tha t ofHip pocra teshimfe lf, in hisTr‘
e a tiI'
e
on Die t, lib. I . fe et. 2 0. I t hashkew1fe be en p rov
e d, tha t, in the Ea Ib Ihdies, whe re they drinknowine , the numbe r of women e x ce eds tha t of themen conIide ra bly.
As to fiIh dim
er, the common op inion is a g ainftFa‘lIla ff ; for it is bymany fu p pofe d to be of a
p rol ific 1ia tu re This washinte d by Arbu thnot inhis Tre a tife on Die t, a nd fu g g e fte d byMonte IT
qu ien in his Sp iri t ofLaws. Ha l l e r a nd Dr. Reynold Fofie r a re of a d iffe re nt O pinion. Howe ve r,a s fa r a s file nce on the fu bje ét
.
may be a l lowe d tofp e a k for the jol ly kn ight
’3 op inion, the a nc1e nt hif
toria nsa re on his Iide : for ne i the r Stra bo, Dioderu s Sicu lu s, nor Arria n,
* (a ll of whom have de
fcribed feve ral na t ions l iving on fiIh die t, have
me nt ione d thisqu a l i tybe long ing toit, or obfe rved
tha t fu chcou ntrie swe re more tha n commonly pop‘
u lou s The re is a nothe r qu a l i ty cha rg ed u pon
fifh” whichis Iiillmore ~rema rkable . Whe the r the
a u thorityofDiodoru s Sicu lu s be fowe ig hty as to
g ain
a Fa léoncr 05 101111nod.
HENRY ,
IV.“Se cond Ha rt. 175
ain anycredit I‘mu It le ave to the re a de r : b u t he
de c l a res tha t the coufiant e a te rsof‘fifl r a re e ndu ed
wi tha rema rkable a p a thy, orinfe nftbility, not on
ly to the fe ntime nts of the mind, bu t a lfo to formsof the na tu ra l a p p e tites.
I D E M .
Skill‘int the We a pon i§ n
'
othin'
g’
without Tack. '
A good Ihe rris
Iack ba th a 1 twofold op e ra tion in it it a fce nds m'
e’into. the brain;and dries
l
me 111the fooliih-and 111111vapou ts. 1
W ithEa lfiaff, wine isthe p romote r of cou ra g e a ndeve ry, g ood .qu a l ityof the m ind.
Athe nmu s, faysDr. Fa lcone r, makes a n obfe r~
va t ion Iimila r to this. . I t istru e ; and I cou ld qu ote
many Gre ek ve rI'
es top rove it z‘
bu t the doé’
to‘
r
knows the re a re I'
o many p rece p ts from variou s
poe ts, and othe r"
writers, quoted by the fame nuthor,
°
a g ainli the immode ra te u fe of"
Falftaff’s'
followe rs wou ld lofe more tha n théy’
goe :by
'
the a u thorityofAthenae u s. Afte r this long note’
on fub a nd wine,I hOp e the re ade r wi l l p a rdon a
qu ota t ion from Arifl otle ’s P robl ems ; in whichtha t philofophe r g ivesa n a ccu ra te de fcrip tion of the
”
pyog re fsofwine , a nd the e ffects ofits immode ra te
u e .
When a fobe r, mode ra te , a nd Iile nt man
drinkswine in a qu a nt i tymore l ibe ra l tha n ordina ry,it has the e ffe é’t of che rifhing a nd rou ftng his fpirits
a nd g e niu s, a nd re nde ring him more commu nicat ive if take n {ti l l more fre e ly,
'
he be comes ta lka ‘t ive , e loqu e nt, a nd confide nt ofhis a b i l i t ies: if ta fke n in (ti l l la rg e r qu a nt i t i es, it re nde rshim bolda nd da ring , a nd de ft rou s to e x e rt himfe lf in a étionl:ifhe p e rftlt in a more p l e ntifu l dofe , it make shim
p e tu l a nt a nd contume l iou s. The ne x t Iie p re nde rshim 'mad a nd ou tra g eou s. Shou ld he roc e ed {ti l lfa rthe r, he be comesfiu pid and fenfele li.’ Ariflot.P robl .
'
fe 6t. 30.
176 DRAMATIC .MISCELLANIES .
Scene .IV. King , .
Wa rwick, Cla re nce , Glpfl e ri
.
“
n
K I N G‘
Nothing bu t we ll to the e , Thoma sof Clarence .
The king’s re comme nding to the Du ke ofCla rence
a p a rticu lar .
obl'
e rva nce ofhis brothe r the P rince ofW a l e s, a nd afiu ring him.of the p rince
’sa lfefiion
for him,is g rou nde d u pon a conve rfa tion be twee n
the king and the p rince , re corde d by~S towe ; in
whichthe forme r p u tsthe l a tte r on his g u a rd a g ainfithe ma china tions of C l a re nce . The u fe whichShakl
'
p e a re makes of thishifl orica l inc id'
ent eve ryre ader wi l l fe e a nd a p p rove .
I D‘
E M
Towardsfronting p e ril and op pos’d decay.
Tha t is, to de fp e ra te adve ntu res a nd a ll'
u r
i
e d defl ru ciion.
c L,
A a r: N c 13.
The river hath°
tl:r'
ce fiow‘d no e bb be twe en ‘
!
'The fhort re ig n of this king was fig na liz e d byma
nyfa d dil'
a fie rs. Be fide s this emraordmziryfiow of
the fl ood, which Mr. S te e ve ns a u the nt ica tes, a
moflde fl rufl ive la g u e de pop u l a te d the whol e kingc'
lom.
‘
In Londbn no le t'
s tha n thirty thou fa iid
w e re de fl roycd by it ; a nd the king , e nde a vou ringto re t ire bywa te r to Efl
’
e x , ve ry na rrowly e fca p e d
b e ing take n by fome a rme d ve ffe ls fromFra nce .
The mu ch~ a dmired inte rv i ew, be twe en the‘King a nd the P rince ofW a le s, .owes
”
its be a u ty
p rincip a lly tofitu a tion and cha ra éie r . The takingaway the crown by the p rince p rodu ces a mofip a -l ‘
t he t ic dia log u e ; fu ch pe rha p sasnowri te r, e x ce p t
Shakrp e a r’e , cou ld draw from(0 flende r a n inc ide nt :
Whe re
x 78 DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES .
tha t eve r a ffl icted a nation. Howeve r he ma
be e n cried Up by the c l e rgyfor his p ie tyin p e rfecu ting the fol lowe rsof Wicklifi
'
, a nd be ing the firfiking of Eng la nd who b u rned he re tics, it iswe llknown that he a nd hisfa the rjohn of Ga u nt, (whowe re the g re a t p a trons of whe n theyu nde rflood tha t the c le rg y p ofi
’
efi‘
e d a lmofi ha lf
the reve nu es of the king dom,de c la red tha t they
wou ld c l ip the irwing s; or words to tha t p u rp ofe .
Bu t the king flood in ne ed of the c le rgyasmu chas
they did of him. He nry’s confl a nt je a lou fy and
fe a r of lofing the crown may be forg ive n'
for tha t
was a,ja lt p a rt of his p u nithme nt for feifrng it : bu t
his cru e l ty, in {bedding torrentsof blood to ma inta in the c rown, ca n only be ju tiifie d by the tyra nt
’s
law,
‘nece ff1ty ; a ne cefiity which, he had imp ofed
on himfe lf.
Almoft a ll the actors,‘
who have for more thanthe fe la fl fiftyye a rs re p re fe nte d this p a the t ic fce neof the king a nd his fon, have be e n fortu na te in e u
g ing the'
a tte ntion a nd raifing the a ffe a ionsof
the ir a u ditors. Booth, who p laye d the king , a nd
W i lkes, who a a ed the p rince , we re highly a ccom~
p lilhed, a nd u nde rflood dig nity a nd g ra ce of actiona nd. de portme nt, witha ll the te nde r p afiionsof thehe a rt, in a fu p e rior deg re e . The e lde r Mi l ls, inthe king , a nd his fon, a n imi ta tor of W i lks’smanne r, in the p rince , fol lowe d a lmofi imme dia tely - the fe confumma te a ims; a nd thou g h theywe re byno 1to them,
we re above me
diocri ty, e fa the r -in He nry, whichha p p e ne d
“
thisworthyma n a p
p e a redin. He was take n i l l a few days a fte r he
had acted it, a nd died, I be l ieve , in Novembe r,1736 . His name was a nnou nce d in the b i l ls forMacbe th, bu t Qu in was obl ig ed tofu p p lyI (aw him hu rrying to the p layhou fe be twe e n fiveandfix in the evening . Milward, the fu cce fl
'
o
?o
H'
E N’R Y , IV. S econd P a rt . 179
of Mi l lsineHe nry, was, ,in'
p a thos, g re a tly'
bisfu
p erior. His cou nte na nce was fine ly e x p re fiiife of
g rie f, a nd the p l a int ive tones of hisvoice we re ad .
mira bly a da p ted to the l ang uor of a dying pe rfon,a nd to the fp e e ch of a n offe nded ye t a ffe étiona te
p a re nt . ,Gairick
’sfig u re did not a fl ift, him in the
p e rfona ting of thischa raé
’te r, bu t the forc ible e x -r
p re fl ion of his cou nte na nce a nd his ene rg y of fitte sr
ra ncema de ample ame ndsfor de fe ct of p e rfon. To‘
de fcribe;
the a ng uifh, mix ed wi th te rror, whichhel
fe emed to fe e l‘whe n he ca fl u p his eyes
'
tohe ave n,
and p ronou nced the fe. words
,
How -I came t by the crown, O God, forgive me 3,
‘
wou ld ca l l for the p e nizil of a (Ra p ha e l or a Reyrnolds
Thou ghGa rrick, from a me a n je a lou fy, ‘a p a f
tion which conflantly p reycd'
on hisomind,’de n i ed
to. P owe l l the 'me rit of u nde rfl a nding the p a thosofthis ce le bra te d fce ne , the a ud ience thou ht
’fa r
otherwife , a nd, by the ir te a rs“
a nd a p p la ufe , ju faitified the act ion of tha t ve ry p le a ting tra g e dian ,
In the la lt l i ng e ring fla g e of life , whe n worn bcompl ica te d difhemp e r, and tormente d w ith afilifiin g p a ins of th
’e g ou t , the fickfi a nd ema cia ted
Ba rry‘u nde rtop k to
'
re pre fe nt°
the dying fc e nes of ”
He nry“
.
'
In p e rfon; if we confu lt hifl‘
ory‘
be tte r a da p ted to the pa rt tha n a n
yof lu s p rede
’
ce f
fors; for a linoll a ll the p rince s o the P la nta g ene tl ine we re rema rka ble for roce rity: bu t tha t was
bnt'
a t ri‘fling’
requifite in this g re a t actor. Thefa the rly
'
re p roofs and e a rne tt adtnonitionls, from the
confequ e nce im a rte d byBarry’s p le ating manne r,
a s well as nop fig u re , a cqu ire d a u thori ty a nd
importance . His fe e l ing s we re , p e he ightehed by the a nx ie tyof hismind in clintn{la te of
' his he a l th, a nd the frequ e nt a insof hiscru e l d
‘
il’temp e r. From his fe tting a n,” whichemi tted
180 DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES
emi tte d a wa rm ' thou g h g lime ring ray, fp e él‘
a tors
m ight form a ju dgme nt wha t Ba rry had be en.in
hisme ridia n g lory. U‘
C H A P T E R XVI .
Retro/p ee? on Lowin , a nd fevera l otfier comediam,
wfio lived du ring 15 6 civilwar .
RE I take my l e ave p f Henry IV. I con
ot'
forbe a r refie é’ting ; wi th fome
"
conc e rn,
u pon the fa te of honelt j a ck Fa llla ff ; I me a n JohnLowin, the orig ina l actor of - this inimi tab l e cha
racie r ; a nd his confl a nt fri e nd a nd fe l low- la bou re r,Jofe ph Taylor, the
'
firfl actor of Haml e t .Whe n the c ivi l wa rsthinthe doorsof the the a
tre s, ma ny of the come dia ns,who ha d you th,
y
fpirit , a nd v ig ou r of body, took u p a rmsin the de
fence of the ir roya l maile r. Whe n they cou ld no
long e r fe rve him by the p rofe fl ion of not ing , theyboldly vind ca te d his ca u fe in the fie ld . Thofe ,who we re too fa r a dva nced in a g e to g ive ,
ma rt ia lp roofs of the ir a tta chment to roya l ty, we re re du c
e d to the a l te rna t ive of fla rving or e ng a g ing in fome
emp loyme nt to fu p p ort ”
the ir wa nts. Lowin a nd
Taylorwe re , in the ,fa ta l'
aara of ou r c ivi l diffe nlions
, g ot beyond‘the ir
'
, g ra nd clima éte ric : for
T a ylor had a fte d Haml e t a lmofi forty- five ye a rs
before tha t t ime , a ndLowin had, for a t le a lt fortytwo ye a rs, de l ig hted the p u bl ic in Fa lllaif .
The fa na tica l z e a l of the Nonconformifls cou ldb e a r no e x hib i tions or [hows bu t the ir own : a ll
fia g e-
p lays the fe re ligionifts looked u pon a s p ro
fa ne a nd de vote d the a étors, whom theyde nomt
na te d the chi ldre n of Sa ta n, to p e rdi tion. Tha tt ediou s wri te r, W i l l iam P rynne , in his Hil’trioi
ma fiix , had, wi th asmu ch fol ly as bru ta l ity, involved the king a nd qu e e n in the g u i l t of enconra g ing , by the ir p re fcnce ,‘ the Sa tanica l dive rlions
f,o
18a DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES .
a nd inte rl u des we re abfolu te ly forb idden; u nde r
ve ry fe ve re p e na lt ies.Mu ch a bou t this t ime , a s fa r
°
as I‘ ca n'
col le&from the l itt le tha t has bee n ha nde d down to u s
’
of
the fe emine nt me n, Lowin'
ke p t the Thre e Pig eons a t Bre ntford, where he wasa tte nde d byJofe phTaylor ; bu t, whe the r a s fri e nd, afiilta nt, or p a rt
ne r, ca nnot be de te rmined. He re they l ing e re d ou ta n u ncomfortab le e x itte nce , with fe a re s a ny othe r
me a nsof fu p port than thofe ’ which they obta inedfrom the frie nds of roya l ty a nd the old love rsof
the drama , who,now a nd the n p a id them a
‘Vlfit,
a nd le ft' them ma rks of their‘
bou nty. Up on the fe .occa ftonsLowin a nd Taylor g ave their
,
vifitors a
tafie of the ir qu a l i ty. The firft rou fed u p the
fpirit a nd humou r of Fallta fl'
. Ag a in. the “ fa t old
rog’
u e fwe re tha t he knew the p ri nce a nd Poins aswe l l ashe tha t made them. Hamle t, too, r
'
aife d
the viliona ry te rrors of t he Gh'
oft, a nd’filled his
fe le é’c a u ditors wi th te rror a nd ama z ement ! To
e nte rta in the ir g u efis; we mu ll fu p pofe theyfume d va rious p e rfona g es, and
’
a lte t na te ly e x c i te dme rrime nt a nd g rie f. How ofte n we re thefe hone ft
fe l lows fu rp rife d into a.
be l ie f of the g ood newstha t the king a nd p a rl iame nt had come to a tre a ty !
tha t pe a ce wou ld‘
be refiore d, a nd the king re tu rn
to his ca pita l in triumph! How wou ld the ir cou nte na nce s the n be l ight ed u p w i th joy, the g la fsche e rfu l ly c ircu late , a nd
‘
the me e t ing be difmiffe dwith king [ ba ll enjoy /11
°
: own ag ain !
The ir hone flz- frie nd a nd a ffocia te , Goff, the
actor of womens'
p a rts a t Black- fri e rs a nd the‘G lobe , wa s the u fna l jacka ll toTummon the fe a t
t e red comedia ns tog e the r, tha t theymiht e x hibita t Hol la nd-Hou fe , or fome richlema n’sfie a t
,within
a few mi l es of the ca p i ta l . * The wa nt of fine
c lothes, and the p rop e r ornaments of a the a tre ,was
1 Hiftotia Hifirionica.
H E N R'
Y IV; §cenad P a rt. 183
was e x cu fed by the irn noble emp loye rs ;p e rfeve ra nce of the ir fu riou s p e rfe cu tors, a nd thev iole nc e a nd ra p ac ity of the foldie rs, had re nderedit ha za rdous towe ar a ny cofl ly g a rme nts . P a intedc loth fe rved as a good fu bt
‘titu te to richhabi tsand
roya l: tra ins.
In the fe difira fted t imes wha t be came of thofecome dianswho ha d re pre fent e d qu ee ns, pa nd r othe r fema le s, in Shakfp e a re
’s, Be n
Be a umont a nd Fle tche r’s, a nd Ma fiing e r’s, p lays,
a t this difl a nce of t ime ca nnot be le a rned ; for nohittorical tra ce of them.is to be fou nd.
'
The twomolt ce lebra ted of the fe p e rforme rs, we re JohnThomfon a nd
’
John Hu nniema na The la lt wa sthe a u thor of a play, wi th the name of which Ifhou ld be g l ad to e nrifh the drama tic ca ta log u e ,bu t I ca nnot le a rn whe the r it was a tra g edy, a
comedy, or a mi x tu re of both. From:
a copy ofve rfes to the a u thor, by Sir Afton Cockaine , .wea re informed tha t this drama t ic p i e ce wa smu cha p p roved by the p u bl ic : a s Sir Afl on’s e pillle con
t a ins the only informa t ion of Hunnie ma n’s a u thorihip , I {ha l l tra nfcribe it as a the a trica l cu rioftty
ToMr. John Hu nniema n.
O n,hop efu l you th, a nd le t thyha p pyfirain
Rede em the g lory of the lta g e a g ain ;Le fl
’
en the lofsof Shakfp e a re’s de a th
, by thyS u cce fsfu l p e n a nd fort u na te pha nta fy.
He did not onlywrite bu t aét, and to
Thou ‘dofi not. only aCt
,bu t writefi too.
Be twe e n you the re no diffe re nce a p p e ars,Bu t wha t may be made u p withe qu a lye ars.Thisismy fufi
'
rag e , and 1 (coin my p enShou ld crown the he adsof u ndefe rvin
’
g men.
Gre a t mufi have be en the lofs‘
of this p lay tothe p u bl ic, ifHu nnie
'
ma n was a riva l ofShakfp e are ,asis fu g g efte d
p
by SirAfton.
184 DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES.
O f all the p layers, me ntioned in a nyna rra t ivere l a t ive to the Eng lith
' Ra g e , Eylze a rd Swanfton,the fu cce lfor of Bu rba g e in the cha ra&ct of O the l
lo, was the only one who p rofe ffe d himfe ltf a
P re lbyte rian,‘
a nd a n avowed frie nd of the p a rliame nt , in op p ofttion to the roya l ca u fe . I wi l l not
‘g o fo fa r a sCha rl e s II . who told a noblema n tha t
P re lbyte ria nifmwa r.a relig z'
an notfit for a g entlema n»;
bu t I mu chdou bt whe the r Swa nt’ton’s z e a l did not
a bridg e his charity. A conve rt is ofte n a
narrow-minde d big ot, a nd poor Lowin, Taylor,a nd the refi of his old frie nds, cou ld not e x p e él,from one of Ca lamy
’s cong re g at ion, a ny kind t e
trofp e& of friendfhip .
ls
Bu t the onlyma n,who triumphe d ove r the wi ld
fa na ticifm a nd cru e l hyp ocrify of the t ime s, was
tha t e x ce l l e nt come dia n Robe rt Cox , whofe name
I do not fe e in a ny of the old lifis of 9161013 .
Whe n a ll the the a tre swe re ftle nce d, Cox emlo r
e d himfe lf in comp u ting fma ll inte rlu des,ca lled
'
drolbr,l ike fu ch a swe re forme rly a ft ed a t
Ba rtholomew . a nd Sou thwa rk- fa irs. The molt feriou sof the fe p ie ce s, fnch as AEtx on and D ia na ,a nd Oe none , ha d a da fh of the comic in them
,
thou gh, for the molt p a rt, theywe re fa rce s’
of one
a ét, wi thfinging a nd da nc ing ; as Hobbinol, Sing
ing Simpj bn,'
a nd Simp leton Me Smith '
f By the
conaiva nce of the fta te Ce rbe rus’s, to whom this
a droi t fe l low flily g ave a n Op ia te or fop of a u rum
p a lp abi/e, he contrived to g e t his p ie ce s a €le d to
fu l l hou fe s a t the Re d Bu l l The a tre , u nde r the co
lou r of rop e- da ncinv . Cox a ét e d the p rincip a l
p a rtshimfe lf, a nd wi th fu ch l ife , fpirit, a nd na tu re,
tha t he refiore d to the p eop le the long - forg otte n
c u llom
The a u thor of Hifioria Hifirionica fays, Swa nfton took u pthe trade of a Jewe lle r. I fhou ld ima gine tha t he had bee n origina lly bre d one , and left jewelling for the Rag e.
1~ Lang baine .
135 DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES.
withe rs, drank a he a l th, we may"re a fonably
be l ieve , tot/ieir king owr tfie wa ter .‘‘A te a l} tha t
might be g ive n a t. t/ia t time wi thp rop rie ty a s we l las loya l ty.
In 1647, Shirley p u blifhed the p lays of. Be ans
mont a nd F le tche r, I be l i e ve , w ith a view chie fly to re l ieve the wa nts of the f urviviztg actors, who
ha d‘difl ing uilhed themfe lve sin the p rincip a l chara éle rsof the fe write rs. The names
'
of '
Jofe p hTaylor, John Lowin, Theophi lu s Bird, Robe rtBe nfie ld, S te phe n Hamme rtonfi“
: Thomas Pol~
l a rd,! and R icha rd Robinfon, a re fu bfcrihed te a
ded ica t ion p re fe nted to the Ea rl of P embroke , the
p a tron ofdrama tic poe try.
In 16 32 , Taylor and Lowin, be ing a rrive d to ave ry g re a t a g e , a nd in ve ry
‘
indig e nt circumfiances,
p u blithe d F le tche r’s come dy of the Wild<
g 00fe
Ch'
a fe for the ir mu tu a l a dva nta g e s: it was u fhe re d into the worldwith a n a dve rtifemént , in whichtheymode fl ly intima ted the ir wa nts, and ca l le d u ponthe Benevolence of a llwhoha d a ta tle for the dra
ma .
Y {hou ld not forg e t tha t Jofe phTaylor was thefrie nd of Phil ip Ma fl ing e r ; tha t he infcribed ‘ to
him a cop yof ve rfeson the fu cce fsof hisRoma nActor, in which tra g edy Taylor p e rformed . the
p rincip a l p a rt .Myve ry le a rned
/a nd kind. friend, the Reve re nd
Mr. Bowl e , of Idmifton,has informe d me tha t he
has re ad a copy of ve rfe s of Shake rly Ma rm ion,
a u thor of the Ant iqu a'
ry a nd feve ra l othe r drama tic
This playe r wa s firfi: a fama u s re p re fente r of womens charafte rs, a nd . a fte rwards
, a s mu ch ce lebra ted for a g ra ce fu lof me u s p a rts.
1 Pollard wa smore fortu nat e tha n the re lt ofhis atrociates; having a fortu ne
.
ofhisown,he re tired into the cou ntry, and lived
911thhis re lations.p
p16 CCS’
H E N R Y IV. Se cond P a rt. 1 187
p ieces, to Jol'
e phTaylor, u pon his p re fe ntme nt of
The Fa ithfu l She pherde f’
s,in whichhe fl yleshim
hisworthy frie nd.
The e x aét time , whe n Taylor a nd Lowin di e d,ca nnot be tra ce d ; bu t, it isce rta in, they p a id the
'
debt to na tu re fome few ye a rsbe fore the Refiora ti
on.
d
Lowindied a t Brentford, a nd Taylor a t R ichmon
188 ~ DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES .
King Henry VIII .
C H A P T E R XVII .
Reaj am way Mir p lay wa r written in tae r eig n ofn Elizabet/i. —King 7am“? (ii/like to tfie fa
7zii of 7izdor o
a ecou ntedfor r - Hir love of poetry a nd
reg a rd for S [ta t/p ee ra—‘T/ie a u tbor’: dlfiCu lty in
drawing a portrait of Henry VIII . Merit of taep lay—The p ro
’og u e a nd it: ela tion— Interview of
in t/ie'
oa/e of fl rde .—Bu c£ing/zam a nd
1ainea’. - :Generofi‘y of tba
ex p lained—find tie word
fie rce —Cha nt?” of the"
Emp eror C/iarle: V.
revenu e: . Wolfey.
“ MW/5? a rta’Dig g er.
-T/ie a u tfior’: a dmira b/e p or
prme er.—Betterton’r ex cellent
dating III . —‘Tfie Wolfiy of Ha rrif .
—Hirva riou smerit in comedy a nd trag edy—Boot” :
Ha rry VIII—§Z gin, Ha rp er , P rice, a nd No/ter.
R . Ma lone has labou red fire nu ou lly, a nd, Ithink, fu cce fsfu lly, to p rove tha t the hiltori
y ofHe nryVIII . mu ll have be e n a&e d‘ \d11
ring
the l ife - t ime of (me e n El iz abe th. Se ve ra lp a a g e sof the p laymaybe p rodu ce d, which, fromthe ir inte rna l evide nce , wou ld fa rthe r conv ince u s
tha t the a u thor cou ld not have p roje&ed fu chap ie ce in the re ig n of Jame s I ;Bu t the re isye t a {trong e r re a fon for infifling
u pon this a rg ume nt tha n wha t has be e n hi the rtop rod u ced : ou r author cou ld not be u na cqu a intedw i th the e x treme a ve rfion whichJame s had e nte r
tained, long before he mou nted the throne of{En
gian
190 DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES .
minions; and the poet wa s too g ood a cou rtie r towrite a play u pon a fu bje ét whichwas to inc lu de a
labou re d p ane g yrick on the k ing’sha te d p rede cefibr
a nd he r tamily.
I t 'wa s no e a fy ta lk for an a u thor to compofe a
drama t ic p iece which Ihou ld comp rehend feve raltra nfa étionsof a mona rchre cently de ad, who hadre nde re d himfe lf fo odious
,
to his fu bje éts. Tob ring u p on the Ra g e , be fore the re ig n ing qu e en,his dau g hte r, a cha rafi e r fo dou btfu l , a t le a ft, as
he r ‘royal fa the r ; to p re fe nt a firong re femblanccof many of his moft {hiking fe a tu res, withou tala rming hisfove reig n, or difg u fling the fp e&a torswa s a n u nde rtaking worthy the g e niu sof Shakfp e a re and in which, notwithfl a nding the a p p a
d
re nt d ifficu l ty, he hasa dmirably fu cce e de d.
Al thou gh this p lay, on a fu p e rficia lview, con
ta insnothing bu t a tiffu e of pomp a nd ce remony,made ou t of ma fqu esa nd tria ls, a corona t ion a nd a
chrille ning , .it a bou nds ih -firiking eve nts, whichembra ce the fa tesof import a nt cha ra éte rs, -withp a fl ionswhich e x c i te ou r te rror a nd commife ra tion,a nd withp rofou nd mora li ty, whichte nds to modera te , to humble , a nd to re& ify, the mind .
: .The p rolog u efidike moll: comp ofitions of tha t
fort in ou r a u thor’s days, is l i ttle more tha n g ood
fe nfe p u t into me a fu re d p rofe . O u r la fl '
e ditors,and the ir a fl il
’tants
'
,-f ufp e& ,
with re a fon, that'
it”
was not e ntire ly the work of Shakfp e a re . Ben
Jonfon, it is fu p pofed, wrote the g re a tefi p a rt of
it, if not the whole . Eve ry bodywi l l p e rce ive
tha t the be g inning be a rs no re femb a nce to tha t re
fe rve a nd modefiywithwhichou r poe t e ve r addre ffed a n a u die nce .
I come nomore tom a ke you la u gh thing s now,Tha t be ar a weighty a nd a fe rions brow,
n EN R -Y vm. 19:”
Sa d, high, a nd working , fu ll offia te and fl ow,finch”a t: fce ne s a s draw the eye to.fiow.
We now p refe nt.
Gre a t,p a rt of the p rologu e iscompofed .of feyere
fati'
re
'
on p lays which , a bou nd .
‘W i th the noife of
ta rge ts,of dru ms a nd trump ets, a nd the e x hibitioil of fools, whofe coa tsa re g u arded .
«wit/iyellow ;and, asou r a u thor come sp rop e rlywithin thisce nlitre , Jonfp n, in a ll , p robability, maliciou fly flolea n opp ortu nity tothrow in his
‘
e nviou s a nd fpite fulinve étive be fore the re p re fe nta tion of his riva l 'slay.
In a ll p robab i l ityHe nryVIII . was re vive d foon
a fte r the corona t ion of James and his'
Qg e e n, Anneof De nma rk. Jonfori: byhis cbnhé
'
é‘
tiOn‘with the
cou r t, might .occafiona lly the u fe fu l towards c‘on
du fiting -sthe " gp a g ea ntrysof the fce ne s. zXVlre the r'
Jonfon’s Seja nuswasa éied be fore I -Ie nry
'VIII . was
reiViy ed,’ ”is, not now rtobe known ; bu t , mu chabou t
thatd ime ,"a ip ea ce ife ezr'
ns to have be e n pa tched u pbe 'tkvee nflJonfonvhnd the p laye rs,a nd,
5retail; flike ly,
by the me dia t ion ofou r g e ntle ba rd for Shakfp e a re
riot on ly-fa ble d a cha ra&e r in Sejanu s, bu t wrote
of t he - tra g edy as it was orig ina lly p e rforms
, 4
0 ' ”
A 5 11. . Sce ne . I .
Du kesof,Norfolk a nd Bu ckingham.
a'
U c «I N ‘G H A u M .
Thofe fons of g lory, thofe two lights Of men,
I Me t in thie svale ofiAnde ". n
7’t f L
of ‘Henry of’England and
nothing.
‘Eu rop e anmonarchs
tha t
DRAMATIC MisceLLANias.
tha t ca n be compa red to’
it in ma g nifice nt {howa nd p e rformance ofmi l ita ry e x e rcife : the nobi l i tof both cou ntrieswe re fo ofl e nta tiouilyp rodi g aand foemu lou sin fple ndo
’
r a nd dre fs,
‘tha t the p lace
whe re the twokingsmet was ca l le d t/ie field of tfieclot/I of g old.
‘
In confequ ence of this riva lfhip in:
g ra nde u r, they involve d themfe lves ‘in fu ch e x
p e nce , tha t the p e nu ryof the ir whole l ives a fte rwa rds cou ld not rep a ir the ip roftifion
’
of‘a few
'
3 1 . H .
days.1
I D E M .
3 v
A ll the time
I wasinmy chambe r a prifone r.
The ipoe t has not mou th'ofBu cking -s
hamzthe'
tru e“
re a fon ofirhisa bfe ncesfrom t his inter? »
view a t Arde The du ke wasve ry, richand low?e d oecohomy, - a qu a l ity
'
bysnome a ns
'
p le afing‘
to'
an a rbitra ry cou r t, bywhich) inde p ende nce isie ve r,viewed with, f ufpiciou s
f eye st He ,- "finding the
’
p re p a ra t ions for thisfolemnity amou nt toimme nfefums
, threw ou t e x p re fl ions of difp le a fu r‘
e a g ainftCa rdina lWolfey, whomhe a ccu fe d a s the contrive r
,
of’
the p a rade . Lord He rbe rt, Holling lhe a d, a nd
Polydore Virg i l , ag re e in this circ umtia nce , a nd
the nce we may da te Wolfey’s
’
a’
nlmofity to the
du ke .
N O R F O L' K .
Pomp , till this time,wasfing le , bu t now ma rry
’d
Toone a bove itfe lf. _
Tha t is, p ump wa s now‘
ove rma tched . “ The
me e ting of: twofu ch)migh)tyd mvona rchs, a gd the ir
qu e e ns, with a re tinu é . of men'
a nd womel
nhthe
moft illu fl riou s foi' ibirth, be a u ty,
a nd.
e ve ry a ccompliflimeht,”
le ffe ned and difg raéed
a ll pomp sand ce remonies p re ceding .
194 DRAMATIC MISCE‘
LLANIES.
ma nife fling fu rp rifel
on fe e ing the mona rcha p p roach
them,he
,ca l l ed a lou d to "f‘iY ou aie my p ri
fone rs l Ca rry me‘He
'
hry‘was
a ftonifhe d a t the p re fe nce of his brothe r- king , a nd
qu ite ove rcome with this u ne x p e éted e x amp le of
g e ne rou s confide nce , took him in his a rms,a nd‘
toldhim he had p layed him a mofi ag re e ab le trick,a nd tha t he now fu rre nde red himfe lf his p rifone r
from tha t,mome nt .
The Ea rl of Some rfe t g ave an inflance of intrepidity a nd quickne fs of a p p rehe nfion, which de~fe rves to be remembe re d.
'
; I t wasone .p re l imina rya rt ic l e of the
.
inte rview,
“
Tha b the Fre nch a nd
Eng lilh lhou ld not, in numbe r, e x ce ed e a chothe r.-It wa s fou nd, on e x amina tion, tha t the Fre nchg re a t ly ou t - numbe re d the Eng lifhu Some rfe t
’
,in
fl e ad of taking umbra g‘
e a t this a p pa rent bre achofa rt ic les, cried ou t a lou d, “
,Le t‘
them p a fs it is
p la in the y have not the fpirit to tru liu s, thou g h
we have ,the cou ra g e to tru ft ou rfe lveswi th
N O R F O L K.
Allwa s rqya lTo the difpofing ofit.
By the word roya l, in Shakfp e are , we a re to
u nde rfia nd fome thing '
fu p reme ly ex ce l le nt ; as~in ~
Macbe th; A8 11.—O u r fe a rs, 1n Banquo,
S tick de e p , a nd in hisroya lty of natu re
R eig ns tha t whichwou ld be fe ar’d.
The word Cu mmifl epov, in Home r, has the fameimp ort a nd isf0a p p l iedbyTheocleme
’
ne e the fu g it ive , inhis e x clama t ion to Te l ema chus, onpbfe rving a n ome n
, whichhe inte rp re tsinhis favou r
milepa i’con sew 70m Ca t-Msvrspov nAAo
Ev 3711440 1.9q 5 . ODY S S . LI B.XVI I .
H E N R‘
Y‘ VIII . 9 5
InWolfe '
y’si
’
p e ech'
t‘o"
jtift be fore”
he e x p ire d, it isto be obfe rvedWord roya l [lands for confirmed
’
obfiina c'
yof tern-
3a
e r.
He was a p rinc e , fa id the dying ca rdina l , ofamolt roya l ca rria g e , a nd ha th a p rincelyhe art ;a nd, ra ther tha n he wi l l mifs for a nypa rt of his
Wil l , he wi l l e nda ng e r ha lf the king dom.
”
B U C K I N G H A M .
Wha t had he to do
In there fi e rce vanities
Mr. Ste evensis of op inion tha tfierce is u fe d herea s the Fre nchwordfier . Dr. johnfon
'
g oesfarthe r,a nd fu p pofe sit mig ht p ofiibly,
me a n,
‘
the m imica lfe roc i tyof the comba ta nt s a nd. this is ne a rer thea u thor
’s inte ntion, I be l ie ve : for the fe mock fights
ofte n p rodu ced ve ry. te rrib le confequ e nce s; ma nycomba ta nts, in the va l e of
_Arde , ,were u nhorfed ;
He nry II . ion ofFra nc is, was. killedh by the fp linte r of a (p e a r, in a tou rname nt. So .many liveswe re ,
occafiona lly .
lofl a t,the fe
.tria ls, of t
p e rfona l
p rowei'
s, tha t, u tte rly to difcou rag é a nd p u ta n e nd
to them, the pop es iITu e d ca nons a nd de cre es
a g ainfi them,as p ra éiic
’
esu nlawfu la nd u nchrifiia na nd, whe n nothing e l fe cou ld p re va il, fina l ly,
to‘
e x t irp a te them, they de n ie d chriftian bu ria l tothofe who die d in fu ch e ncou nte rs.‘
In Timon of Athe ns, fierc e mea ns, I think, ex .
oefl i've, ex treme,or terrible . The fl ewa rd, { p e aking
of Timon’sfa ll from the hig he ft profp e rity to‘
the ,
lowefiRa te of p ove rty, fays,
Oi
'
thefierce wre tchedne fs whichg lory bring s!°
B U C
i
K I
M
N G H A M .
Why the de vil,Up on the Fre nchg oing ou t 0
igo DRAMATIQ unscE'
LnaNms.
Tha t is, u p on .the French confe nting tofe ttletheterms of a ccommoda t ion, tome e t the Eng lifhinthe
‘
va le of a n 1nte rv1ewc
"
with'
the twoking s.
N O R T 0 L K.
4 France ha th’
fia’
w’d the le ag u e.
”
To save aw juft knowl e dg e of He nry’s a nd his
minifl e r’s cha rafi e r'
s, it is neceffa ry to throwinfome l ight from hiftory
Thou ghthe Duke ofNorfolk cha rg esthe French
wi th bre aking the folemn comp aEt e nte red intobe twe e n the t
’wo king s, a t'
their inte rview,from
whichtheyp a rtedwi th the moft fol'
e'
mn p rote fl a
tionsflof frie ndfhip ,3 the ~diiToIving of the tre a ty
ca nnot be a fcribe d to Fra‘
nc is. C ha rles V . Emp eror of Germa ny, the moft fiibtle , inte refied, a nd
difing e nu ou s,«p rince of his t ime
,was a la rmed a t
the la te intewiew,a nd confeqUe nt confedera cy, of
two fu ch p otent mona rchs. Whe nHe nry, be forehe re tu rned tohisdominions,
‘
p a id a vifit tohim a t
Grave l ines, the -
pol it ic Charl es, who faw throu gh
the ca p ric ious temp e r~of his
'
vifitor, foon fou ndme a ns to e fface tha t friendihip towhichthe fince rea nd noble temp e r of the ’French king had given
b irth Bu t, tha t whichwasmore e ffe ntia l to
inte re ff, ~he g a ine d-ove r Wolfey to
'
hiS ' fide , by
p romifing to a fl ifi him in a cqu iring the p a p a cy,a nd byp u tting him in p offefiion of the reve nu es
of two’
bifl mp rics in Ca flile The e x orbi
tan t fincorne s which' the cardina l e njoye d were
not g re a t ly infe rior to . the reve nu es of ‘th
’
e
king himfe lf. The Duke of Bu cking hamnhints
a t the ca rdina l’s pénfion from the emp e ror in a
fol lowing p a rt of the ' fcéne'
I’m fa re the emp eror .
P aid ’ere he p romis’d.
198 DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES .
Scene II. Cou ncil Chambe r.
Ente r King Henry l e a ning u ponWolfe'
y
Shakfp eare 1semine nt in the drawing of hismoffdifling u ifhe dhifiorica l cha ra éte rs: he re , more p a rticu la rly, g e ni u s g u ide s his p e nc i l . If we com
p a re his feve ra l p ortra itsof ou r Eng lilh king swi ththe ir a é’rions, as re corded 1n hifiory, we {ha l l p e rc eive a {triking a nd fa ithfu l refembla nce . Theya re a s p owe rfu l ly difcrimina ted by the ir p e cu l ia rp a fl ions, v irtu es, fol l i es a nd fa cu l t ie s, a sthe he roes
of the g re a te ft poe t of the a nc ie nts. The g loomyt u xbu le nce of John ; the ra thne fs a nd efi
'
emina cyof R icha rd I I . the je a lou sa nx ie ty for the crown in
He nry IV . the g e ne rou s a nd wa rl ike fpirit of He n
ry V . the p ie ty a nd imbe c i l i ty of He nryVI . thefu btle ty, p e rfidy, cru e l ty, a nd cou ra g e , of R icha rd III a nd
,la ftly, the fl ru tting g ra nde u r, imp e
n ou s fpirit, a nd u ndifg u ifed, thou g h boifte rou s
temp e r of He nry VII I . - the fe cha raE’re rs a re fo
jufily a nd {kilfu lly fe p a ra te d from e a ch othe r, bythe a u thor
, tha t no name is wa nte d to difiing uifh
them frome a ch othe r.
Be t te rton wa s ta u g ht the p a rt of Ha rry VIII.by SirW i l l iam Dave na nt, from his remembra nceof the p e rforma nce of the a dm1re d a nd a ccomp lifh
e d Lowin. O ldDowns g ivesit a shisO p inion, tha tnobodyca n eve r a p
proa ch to the g re a t e x ce l l e nce
which Be tte rton fp layed in a cting the king .
VVolfey (fays the fame fl a g e hiftoria n)was fu pI
'
p orte dwi thg re a t p ride , p ort, a nd me in, byHorru ,
a n of whom we fcarce know a ny thing , e x »
cept tha t he p layed a va rie ty of cha raEie rs in tra
gedya nd come dy, a nd fu p pofe , from tha t c ircumfia nce , he mu ll have e njoye d ve ry comp rehe nfivea b i l i t ie sfor the fia g e .
’ I find hisname , in Downs,toRomeo, and toSirAndrewAg u eche ek 1n Twe lfth
N 'ght,
H E N RY wn. ,
w1”
N ight, whicha re p a rts a s dii’ta nt, in drama tict fe a
tu res, as Haml e t a nd the Gra ve dig ge r.Q
Ha rriswa s the a étor of thefe a nd ma ny othe r p a rts of
equ a l difl imila rity. Cibbe r, I fu p p ofe , not
fe e n him,for his name is not in his Ap o I
ima g ine .he l e ft the fia g e mu ch a bou t the t ime the
comp a niesof Dru ry- la ne a ndDorfe t g a rde nswe re ,
by the king’s comma nd, u ni te d. Ha rris’3 name is
not to be fou nd in the drama t is p e rfona: of a ny
plafyfince tha t pe riod . He had forme rlybe e n Joint~director of the du ke
’3 comp a ny withLa dy Ua ve
na nt a nd Be tte rton, a nd mig ht pofiibly be offe nd
e d tha t, in the t re a ty be twe e n Be t te rton , in com e
ju néiio’
n wi thDa ve na nt’s fu cce ffors, a nd Ha rt a nd "
K}na liou , of the king’s the a tre , he was le ft ou t.
Hisme ri t, in fe ve ra l chara éle rs befidesWolfey,is noticed byDowns; p a rt icu la rly in Sifta P ofitiveAtall 1h the Imp e rtinents of Shadwe l l , take n fromi
Mol i e re ’s I e s Fabhe u x , a nd the p a rt of the ma f
t e r, in The Ma n’5 the Mailer, byDavenant. His
ta l e n tswe re not confined to a é’tin g a lone ; fingingwas a nothe r of hisqu a l ifica t ions: he a nd Sa ndford
fa ng a h umorou s ba l lad e p i log u e in the cha ra éte r
of tivo {tre e t ba l lad fing e rs ; the fame , I be l i e ve ,which
,ma ny ye a rs a fte rwa rds, was fu ng _by tha t
drollj honefi, a g re e able fe l low,Jemmy Be ncroft,
a nd Na t Cla rke . ca l l him Jemmy, beca u fe itwi l l be tte r revive hismemory, among his fu rvivingfrie nds, tha n by the a ddi t ion whichhe a fte rwa rds
me ri te d of James Bencroft, Efq. p a te nte e of Co
ve nt G a rde n the a tre .
iiithe play of’
the Ma n’s the Maile r, Ham shad
the m isfortu ne to wound Ca dema n in the eye , b
nfing a {ha rp infiead of a foi l , which difable d himfrom act ing e vci' a fte r. Cademahre ce ived a
K 4
By looking ca refu lly ove r the Roftiu sA ng licahu sl I find ti‘ffi
Ha rriswas origina lly of the king 3 comp any, bu t (0011 le ft it tr» :
join Be tte rton.
aoo DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES .
hon from the p laye rs, on tha t accou nt, we mayre a fonablyfu p pofe , as lon
gas helived, for he e rr
joyed it in 1708, thirty ve ye a rs'
a fte r the a cc i}dent.
Boothfu cce eded Be tte rton m He nry VII I. To
fu p port the dig nity of the p rince , a nd‘
ye t re t a intha t ve in ofhumou rwhich p e rvades this cha ra&e r,requ ires g re a t ca u tion in the ate
-tor." W i thou t p a r
ticu la r'
a tte ntion, Ha rrywi l l be ma nu factu red intoa roya l bu l ly or ridicu lou s bu fl
'
oon. Boothwas~
p a rt icu larly ha p pyin p re fe rvingthe tru e fpirit of
the p art throu g h the whole p ay. Mr. Mackl in,who had the g ood fortune to fe e him fe ve ral
’
time sin Ha rry, has de cla red tha t he thone in the cha
rafie r withp a rt icu la r lu flre . win, whohad the
g ood fenfe to admire a nd imita te Booth, and thehone fiy to own it, ke p t as near a s pofl ible tohis
g re a t e x emp lar’s portra it ; bu t (k in wasdefic ient
in fle x ibi l ity aswe ll as fireng thof voice he cou ldnot u tte r imp e tuou s a nd . veheme nt a ng e rwithvi:g ou r, nor da rt
‘
tremendou s looks; a ll whichwe refuited to the ha p p ie r org ans and cou nte na nce ofBooth. He wa s, befide s, a Gra ng e r to g ra ce ina&ion or de p ortme nt .—Boothwa lked withthe g a feof a g e ntlema n a nd the dig ni ty of a mona rch.
“The g randeu r a nd mag nifice ncein Booth, fu fiaine d to the heig ht.
How the ma na g e rs took - it into the ir hea ds to
g ive this p a rt toHa rp e r, du ring Booth’s la ft illne fs,
I ca nnot conce ive , u nle fshisbein a fa t 11 was
the g re a t re commenda t ion. I con d,
never-
lip a ra tehone fl Jobfon, the coble r, .from the prince :
‘
he
p u t me in mind of the old ba lla d of King Ha rrya nd the cobl e r. I ihou ld not forg e t . tha t
,when
Be tterton a nd Ha rris a éte d the kin a nd the
na l, the l i tt le cha rafie r of Lord'
a ndswas
by'
P rice , frequ e nt ly me ni1111011 admirable . low com
2 02 -DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES .
du ce eve ntsnot ve ry u nl ike thofe whicha re de fcribe d fo a ffe gSting ly by ou r inimita ble poe t .The fce ne be for
he u s p re fe nts a tru e piélu re of
cou rt op p refiion a nd minifte rial j u g g l ing . The
a u thor has re la ted the ma tte r in'
qu efiion wi thfome te nde rne fs to the memory of He nry, a nd thisa ffordsa nothe rrea fon whywe ihou ld fu p p ofe the
p laywaswri tte n be fore the acce f fion of JamesI .
%e e n Ka tha rine isj u diciou fl y ,chofe n to re p re fe nt,
to the‘throne , the g rie va nces of the p eop l e , who
were bu rde ne d by a moff i l l e g a l a nd op p re fl ive impoli. Shakfp e a re he re a ffumes the p a rt of the ho
neft polit ic ia n a nd g ood c i t iz en. In the condu ét of
the fce ne , he g ivesa ca u tion to a ll fu cce e ding p rincesa g ainfithe u ndu e a nd i l le g a l e x e rcife of theirowe r.
Henry, b his me re a rbitra ry wi l l , a nd withou t a ffemb ing a p a rl iame nt, had iffu ed ou t
commiflions,‘
bywhich he comma nded to be levie d fou r {b ill ing s in the p ou nd from the
‘
c le rgy,a nd thre e {b i l l ing s a nd fou r p e nce from the l aity.
Bu t this u np re ce de nte d a nd horrible ta x a tion fo difg u lled the p eop le , in a ll p arts of the king dom,
tha t the king wasobl i ed toi'
evoke the p owe rshe
had g ive n, a ndhad re cou rfe to a nothe r u nju fl p ra et ice of ra iling money on loans or be nevol e ncethe name wa s fofte r, bu t the e x aétion e qu a l ly opp redive and u nlawfu l . When the a ftwhichhad p a licd in the re ig n of R icha rd III . by which a ll fu ch
me thodsof ra iling moneywe re a bolilhed, was op
pored'
to this mode of ta x a t ion, to the difg ra ce
of the k ing a nd minifie rs, it was a nfwe red, Tha tRicha rd be ing a n u fu rp e r, his p a rl iame nt was a n
u nlawfu l a ll'
embly, a nd their,a €ts of no va l idi ty,
’
whichwas p l a inly to .
decla re tha t a n a rbi tra ry tyrant wasmore ca re fu l to dillribu te ju tlice a nd e
quitytohisfu bje étsthan a lawfu l p rince .
NORFOLK.
H E N RW nvrrnr w m 2 03
N o R F 1 o_
L K .
The clothie rsa ll, not‘
able tomaintain
The ma nyto them‘longing , have p u t off
‘
The fpinlte rs, carde rs, fu llers, we a ve rs, who,Unfit for othe r life , a nd comp e ll
’d byhu ng e r, til
A nd lack of othe r me ans,a re a ll in u proa r.
The du ke of Su ffolk, - whowa s mu ch be loved”
,
p revailed on ma nyof the we althiefi c lothie rs to
fu bmit to the royal impofition bu t, on~ this '
com~
p liance , theyd1fcha rg e d a ll the irworkmen a nd ma
nu faEtu re rs u nde r the p re te nce tha t they cou ld not‘
ma inta in This occa fione d a g re a t infu rre ctionin the cou ntyof Su ffolk; The du ke ve ntu re d
his p e rfon among them,and a fke d who was the ir
lea de r. O ne Gre e n fl e p p ed forwa rd a nd a nfwe re d,“ "They ha d two : Poverty a nd Ne og/fity.
” T he
king , notwithfia nding his a rb i tra ry a nd boulerons
difp ofition, wasobl i g ed to p a rdon a llj
who had 0p
p ofed. his i l le g a l impofifions. This, I be l ieve , was‘
the onlyinflance‘
of Henry’s re tract ing his emc e e
fettled p ui'
pofe .
W ‘
O L S E Y
P le afe you , Sir,’I k'now bu t
.
of a ting le p a rt ma nght
P ert ains'
to the Ra te .
I . am bu f one , ,of .«manycou nfe llors, who, oft
equ a l powe rwi thmyfe lfi; .a dvife d thisu nha p py bui.fine fs.
‘
Thisi
is'
too ofte n the la ng u a g e of a minifie r,who, thou g hu nive
’
rfa llyknown to g ove rn hisma t"
.
te r, a nd take the le ad in a ll tra nfa flions, ye t , whe nqu cfii
’oned a bou t a ny [la te ma tte r, decla reshe
on lyin his own de p a rtme nt.
(L‘
u at a N .
—This makesbold mou ths,
Tong u es fpit their du tie sou t, and coldhearts freeze
A lle giance t their cu rfe snow
204 m mm MtSCELLANIE‘
S.
Live whe re their p raye rs did; andsit cornes to p afsTha t ' traét able obedience is a (lave
To e a chince nfe d will.
The la tter p a rt ofthis fp e e chis thu sing eni’
ou flye x p l a ined byMu fg ra ve ; Thofe
’
who a re tra&a ~
ble a nd obedie nt mu fig ive way to othe rswhoa re
a ng ry.
”
Bu t the qu e e n has de fcribedfihe confequ e nc es
which op p refiion a nd inju flice a re a p t to p rodu ce,a nd the re fore int ima tes tha t the ve ryp e rfons, who,be fore thisimpofition , we re obedie nt a nd traétabl
’
e
fu bje é’ts, a re now cha ng e d into re folu te j op pofe rs
of gove rnme nt, from mot ives of ju fi re fe ntment ,
W O L S E Y .
I have nofa rthe r g one in this, than.byA fiu g le voice , a nd tha t not p a fl: me , bu t
By le a rned a p p robation of the ju dg e s.
Shakfp e a re has, in,
this, fol lowed e x a‘é
'
tlyg
thethre ad ofhifl ory. The j u dg es, faysHume
,went
fo fa r aspofitive lyto a ffirm, The king mig ht e xia& a ny fum of moneyhe p le a fe d.
” W e ne ed not
be fu rp rife d tha t his majefiy’s p rivyc ou nc il g ave
a n a fl'
e nt to this decre e , which annihila ted, a t
once", a ll the p rivi le g es of the fu bjeét . . Ir. forta
ha te lyha p p e ned, in this infia nce, thou g hthe p a rliam’
e nt in g e ne ra l conf’
pire dwi ththe king ,‘
throu gh
hiswhole re ig n, to fix {ha ckl es on the p eop le , tysrannywasoblig e d to fore goitshold.
W 0 L‘S . I Y .
What we oft do be“Byfickinterp rett n , ‘
Once.we ak ones’.
Isnot ours, or not a llow’d.
interpreterr, We a re to u nde rfiand pmi/bor ill’ fl fl turt’d meniw
‘
hea ted
2 06 DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES .
It wasthis nobl eman’smisfortu ne to have a re
mote t i t l e to the fu cce fl ion of the crowns . He cwas
de fce nded, by a fema le , from the du ke of. Glofl e r,
you ng e fl fon of Edwa rd IIL
In the fce ne be fore u s, the de portme nt of theafiors, whe n the p lay was revive d in was
mu ch a p p roved. Boothdid not command a tte n
tion more by a ttract ion of fig u re a nd ju fie loEu tion,tha n by the p rop rie tyof
’
his a étion a nd the fia te line fsofhisfie p . The bu fine fs of
'
Wolfey,in thisfce ne , be ing confined to addre fs, ca u t ion,
‘
a nd
na g eme nt, wasnot u nf uitablyre p re fe nte dhyCol leyC ibbe r. Bu t the dig ni ty a nd g ra ce of. a
‘
qu e en
we re neve r, p e rha p s, more ha p p i ly fe t off than
by Mrs. Porte r. The re was a n e leva ted confe
qu e nce’
in the manne r of tha t actre fs, 1'whichfince
he r t ime ," I have in va in fou ght for. in he r Tu ba
CCHOTS . ,1
He r firft fp e e ch to the king , afte r kne e l ing - to
him,wasu tte re d with fa ch inte l l ig e nce and fe nft
bility, tha t fhe comma nde d the a p p la u fe aswe l l asa tte nt ion, of the a u die nce The words a re fimp le ,a nd,
'
fe eming ly, u nimporta nt ; b u t fhe u nde rflood .
he r a u thor we l l, . a nd, in d el ive ring them, conveyed the p rime du t ies of the king ly p ffice wi thenerg y‘
‘Tt y m«wou ld laveyou rj blf, zu d, in tha t law,
N at u ncaq/t'
dered lea ve you r boriaur , fl
i
er
dig nity of you r offfce , is'
the p oint
O f my p e tition.
He r condu ct , in the whole fcene , was a mi x tu reof g ra ce fu l e locu t ion a nd dig nified behaviou r.
‘
Mrs. P ri tcha rd, inwe e n Ka tha rine , was e a fyin he r addre fs a nd na tu ra l in he r e x p re fl ion, bu t
u naccomp a ni ed bytha t g ra ce a nd dig ni tywhichhe rp redeceffor, Mrs. Porte r, knew foWell to
'
afi'
ume .
Scene
H E N R .Y VIII . 2 07
L
~
O R/D C H A M I B E R L A ' I N .
All the g ood ou r Eng lifh
Have got byou r la I‘c voyag e is bu t mere ly
A fit or twoo’th’ fa ce .
O u r ne ighbou rs of France have, t ime ou t of
mind, conf’tantly _
led the wayin new fa fhions a ndfop p e ri es; a nd we ha ve as confia ntly imita ted ahdre proa ched them for it. .Grima ce of cou nte nanceishe re fa tiriz ed. Dryde n, in the e p i log u e to hisAfl rolog e r, cha rg es a mimic of Fre nch a bfu rditieswith a d iffe re nt kind of a ffe éta ti
‘
on
Up fia t ts a monfie u r, new come o’e r,a nd wa rm
In the Fre nch (hoop and p u ll- ba ck of the arm.
Sce ne IV.
S E R V A N T .
A noble troop of ftra u g e rs,
Eu r fo they fe em ; they’ve le ft their ba rg e and landed,
A nd hithe rtomake a s g re a t ambafl'
adors
From foreig n p rinces.
Thisvifit of the King a nd Cou rt ie rs, ma fqu ed,
to the Ca rdina l , is taken from Holling fhe a d ; pu r
p oe t hasa rtfu l ly introdu ced Anne Bu lleh‘
to a ttra tftthe not ice of the King for the firft t ime , a n 1mc1
de nt, which is not in the orig ina l . The ma fke rs,
fays the Chronic le , we re dre ffed moff g org eou fly,a nd brou ght with them a la rg e g old cu p fil led Withcrowns a nd othe r p ie ce sof g old, whichwe re to be
p laye d for a t a g ame ca l led mum- d ance, I fu p p ofefrom the filence obfe rved du ring p lay, a nd the
cha nce of the die . The ma fke rspou red ou t of the
cu p , before the Ca rdina l, the ir winning s and lofé
“g s,
2 08 DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES .
ings, which amou nted to abou t two hu ndred
crowns. At a ll,’ fa id the Ca rd ina l; a nd, throw
ing the die , hewon the whode fl
‘s
c A R o r‘
N'
A L.‘
The re fltou ld be one amongfi: them, byhisPe rfon,More worthy this p lace than myfe lf.
This inc ide nt is likewife taken fromsH'
ollingfhe ad, thou gh
‘ Sha kfp e a re has p rop e rly enou g h
g raced ,Wolfeywi th the g ood fortu ne ti) fe le 8t his
roya l maile r from the reli. He re a l ly.
miflook Sir
Edwa rd Nevil, who wa s difg uil'
e d wi th a bla ckhe a rd, for the kin g , who l a u ghed a t the blu nde r,a nd imme dia te lyp u l led off hisma lk .
W '
O L S E Y .
Sir Thomas Love l, is the banque t re adyIn the p rivy
- chambe r B
At this a fte r-b anqu e t, whe re the king himfe l’
f
p refided,no le fs tha n twohu ndred cove r-cd difhe s
we re pla ced‘
on the ta ble .
Aft II : Sce ne the firfi.
The a ccou nt of the D of Bu cking hanf stria l isfa i thfu l ly a nd p a the t ica l ly de fcribe d from ou r old
Chronic les. The du ke of Norfolk, whowas lordhigh {lewa rd a t this memorable tria l , on p a fl ingfe nte nce u pon the noble p r
'
il'
one r, cou ld not re fra infrom the dding te a rs; p e rha psre fl ecting tha t Bu ck
ingham’smisfortu ne might one day .be hisown
“
.
6 E N T L If M A N .
—C’
ertainl‘y,The Cardina lis the end
'
of this.
Tha t is, Wolfey.
was tiie chie f p romoter of
Bu ckingham’s fa l l .
S E C 0‘N D
Rolling lhcad , Vol. ll.
2 10 DRAMATIC MISCELI AN IES.
ing ly a nd l1ke a Chriftia n, d ec l a res, tha t malice{ha l l have no {ha re in his la tte r e nd : I tha l] de
p rive ba d m indsof the p ower to { lande r my la ltmome ntsw i th a re p ort of my dying wi th a ra nco
rou zsor u nforg iving temp e r
B U C K
I ‘
I N G H A M
I wa s lord .high confiableiAnd Duke of t kingha m.
1
The office ofihig h-confiable of Eng land e x p iredWith thisnobl eman.
1 1
I
'
D E
'
M .
I had my tria l,
And mu tt ne eds fay a noble one .
The king , knowing tha t the evide nce a g ainifl
the u nfortu na te du ke wa s fo fu l l a nd comp le te tha the cou ld not p ofiibly be a cqu i tted, fe nt himwei
rd
tha t he fhou ld e njoy a ll the a dva nta geswhichthelaw wou ld a l low him. Howe ve r, the king rob
bed him,in one ma te ria l infla nce , of his right ; as
a p e e r of the re a lm he had a jolt c l a imto be
tri ed by a ll the p e e rs. The Duke of Bu ckingha m’s
j u ry confifte d on ly of a du ke , a ma rqms, fe ve n
e a rls, a nd twe lve ba rons.Al thou gh the re 18 no re a fon to dou b t the ju llne fs
of the fe nte nce p a fl'
e d u p on Bu ckmg h1m ,his
c rimes p roce e ded ra the r from le vi ty a nd fol ly thande l ibe ra te ma l ice . The p eop le loved him,
a nd we re
.in hop es the king wou ld have e x tende d me rcy ti)him. Bu t his a l l ia nc e to the crown p reve nted a ll
hop esof pardon. He nry’s je a lou fy of . a ll c la ims
of tha t kind re nde re d him imp la cabl e . His
fa the r, HenryVII . mu rde red the e a rl ofWa rwickfor no othe r re a fon bu t hishaving a be tte r t it l e tothe crown tha n himfe lf. The g re a te ft c rime , too,
ofMa xyQie en of Scotland, in the eyesof f
a
il;Ct 3
H E N R Y VIII .
be th, Was the g oodne fs of he r t i t le ; a nd James
he r fon, fhame fu llyp e rfe cu te d La dyAra be l la Stewa rt, be ca u fe the was a - kin to the royal fami ly.
To the re ade r of this p lay the p a rt of Bu ckinghammayfe em to be of lit t le or no confequ e nc e
bu t the re is a n afi’
e é’
ting p a thos in it which thea é’tor
'
of me ri t wi l l difcove r a nd e x emp l ifyin a c
t ion a nd e locu tion . Whe n the '
p l aywas revive d,a s above re la te d, the incomp a rabl e W i lks thou ght
‘
Bu ckingham worthy his a t te nt ion. In the firfl
fce ne , a t the op e n ing of the p lay, the re fe ntme nt
a nd indig na t ion of the cha ra éie r to VVolfey brokeou t, in W ilks, wi th a n imp e tu ofity re femblingha fty fp a rksof fire his a étion wa s veheme nt, a nd
his‘
mot ion, qu ick a nd dillu rbe d. His deme a nou r,
whe n condemne d, was g e nt l e , g ra ce fu l , a nd p a thetic his g rie fwasma nly, re fig ne d, a nd temp e ratefu ch as became the noblema n a nd the Chritlian .
F I R S T G E'
N T L E'
M A N .
-Me re ly to re ve ng e him on the emp e ror,For not be ftowrng on him,
a t his a lkiu g ,
The a rchbifhop ric of Toledo.
Nothing cou ld fa tisfy‘
the u nbounded ambitiona nd a va rice of Wolfey. Sha kfp e a re is ju llifie din a lle dgi
i
ng this fa t}. The Archbit p ofTol edois p rima te of ‘Sp a in, g re a t cha nce llor of Cafiile ,a nd p rop ri e tor of fe ve n te e n
‘
towns a nd a g re a t nu n»
be r of v i l la g e s; his ye a rly reve nu e is comp u ted a t
The King of Sp a in g ene ra l ly re fe rves
it for the you ng e fl; branch of his fami ly.
Sce ne II f
N 0 R F O L K .
Thisimp e riou sman Wilbwork. u s
From p rincesinto p ag e s.
zr‘z DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES .
Wolfeyhad no le fs than nine nobleme n in“
hisre tinu e .
S U F F 0 L K.
As I ammade withou t him, fo I’ll ftand
Charles Bra ndon, Duke of Su ffolk, who mar
tie d the (b e e n w dowa g e rofFra nce , filte r toHe nryVI II . wasone of the molt amia bl e nobl eme n of the
a g e he l ive d in : brave , g e ne rou s, conde fce nding ,a nd huma ne , his pop u la ri ty was the
'
we l l~e a rnedtribu te of his virtu es. T ha t Henry, thou g h p recipitate , tyra nnica l , a nd cru
'e l , wa s ca p able of
fince re a nd oordia l frie ndlhip , is a p p a re nt fromhisinviola ble a tta chme nt
‘
to Su ffolk a nd Cra nmer : thela tte r he p rote ét e d from all his owe rfu l enemies,a nd the forme r he loved wi tha fi'iendfhi tha t wasinviolable . When newswas brou ght 0 Sju tfolk
’s
de a th, he was fitting in cou nc i l . -He embracedthe occafion to e x p re fshisde e p re g re t for the lofsorhisbrother, a nd tobear teflimonytohisvirtu es:h
'
e a ve rted tha t, du ring the whole p e riod of their
friendlhip , which g rew u p from infa ncy,“he had
neve r a ttemp ted to inj u re a n adve rfary, nor had
eve r, in hishe a ring , drop p ed a word‘
to the difadvanta g e of any man. The n, looking rou nd
'him‘
,
he fa id, wi thfome emotion, Is the re a ny of you ,my lords, can fayfo mu ch?"Whe n He nry ,
fp oke
the fe words, he difcove red in the ir fa ces tha t con;fufion whichisthe comp anion ofconfciou s g u ilt.
CHAPTER
2 14i DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES .
I t is rema rkable tha t He nry a nd (k e en Ka tha
rine layin the fame bed till'
the tria l for the va l1dityof the marria g e wasOp ened.
S cene be twe e n Anne Bu l len a nd the O ld Lady.
o L D L A D Y .
P IUCk OK3 little .
i
The'
lady, in my Op inion, me ans,
D raw afide tha t affected ve i l ofmodefiyyou have
p u t on ; Do not difg uife you r fe ntime ntswith arti
ficia l cove ring s
C H A M'
B E R L A I N .
And who knows ye t,Bu t from this ladymay p roceed a g em
To lighten all thisiac
This g em wasmie e n E l izabe th; and thismayfe rve amongfi othe r p roofs tha t the a u thor wrote
thisp laydu ring the l ife of tha t p rince ls.
0 L D L A D Y .
How taftesit ? Is it bitter ?Forty-
p ence—no.
lo
The fe e of a n a ttorne y for a dvice , a swe l l aste rm~fe e , wa s the n, as now, 3 s. 4d.
A61 11. Sce ne IV.
The Tria l .
The tria l of the va l idity of a king’s ma rria g e ,
be fore p e rfons de le g a ted for ,tha t pu rpofe , in a
cou rt whe re the roya l p e rfons we re fummoned,a nd did afiu a lly a p p e a r, was a n occu rre nce new
a nd e x traordina ry, which drew the a tte nt ion of a ll
Eu rop e . The l e g a l i ty or i l le g a l ity of ma rria g esamong ft the g re a t, be fore tha t p e riod, had be e n
de te rmined a t the cou rt ofRome by the fole powe rof the . p ontilla—Nor wou ld Clement VII. the
then re ig ning pop e , have p a rted withfu ch a'
p riv i‘i
le g'
e ,
4
H E N .R- Y VIII . 2 15
l e g e , had not the re forma tion, whichbe g a n abou t
twe lve ye a rs be fore the tria l byLu the r, made fu ch
a n a la rming p rog re fs'
as indu ced ~
him to a ét jca u tiou fl ywitha p rince ofHe n
‘
i'y’sre folu te a nd u
'
ndaunte d tem
’
p e r.—Howeve r, the pop e ftillkep t in his
ha nds the .powe r of fhortening or le ng the ning the
p roce fsh'
a nd of e fiablifhing or dilfolving the cou rt,
which ~was.op e ned, a t Bla ck- Frie r35 ’May 3 1,1 2 9 .
p
a
in . the dillribu tion of the fevera l p e rfonswho
comp ofe d thisle a rne d a ndillu ftriou sa llembly, Shakefp e a r ha d, I think
,wi th g re a t p rop rie ty,l fe a ted
the (lu e e n a t fome dilta nce from the King . Whymode rn ma na g e rs Ihou ld a ll concu r to make an
a l te ra tion in his fl a g s- oeconomy I ca n difcove r
no g ood re a fon : for if, in the infancyof the fia g ewhen the y
’
had fca rce ly room todifplay the ir fig u resto adva nta g e , they cou ld p la ce
' a t hrone or fe a t
for fu ch a p e rfona g e . as a (k e e n, fu re ly, witha \
mu ch( l a rg e r a re a
,e ve ry embe llifhme nt a nd ne
ce lla ry de cora t ion ne e d not be omi tted - Befides,a sit is nowmana g ed, the (hte e n is fu pp ofed towa it l ike a common fa i tor or
,
cu lp ri t ti l l [he isfummoned into the cou rt where as
'
the riling from he rfe a t, whe n ca l l ed by the Crie r, wou ld be a ttend
e d wi th more coa
nfequ e nce fl a nd g ive a n op por
tu nity to the a étre fsrbyhe rde portme nt to g ain'
thca ttent ion of the fp ea a tors.
(L U E E 157.
Sir, I de fire you dome right and juftice,
And to be llow you r pity, Se e
The g re a te fi p a rt of Ka tha rine’s fp e e chisin
dee df aithfu lly tra nfcribed fromou rChronic l es, bu tmuchhe ightened byp a the t ic e kpollp la tion, warmthof p a llion, a nd dig ni ty of re fentment v
Q U E E N.
2 16”
DRAMATIC MISCELEANIES.
Q U E E GN OO
‘ 2 '
My-
ifa ther, ,lila g (if §pain; ,q re ckp n’d one
The witch p rince tha t ther'
e had reig n’d bymany
A ye ar before.
If,<pofl'
e fling the a rt of a cqu iring te
fra u d, p e rfidy, nd pu t-
fl
t ing in p ra étice eveeymachina t ion to,
c ircumventa nd be tray; canbe te rmed the a rtsofwifdom, Fetdina nd, cal led z
'
the Cathol ic, King of Sp a in, wasof a ll
'
king s the wife fl. S trang e ; tha t the com
million ofe normit ies, which wou ld fu bje é’t a p ri
va te man { c a n ig nominiou s p u nifhme nt , fhou ld bee lte emed me ritoriou sin a - crowne
‘
d he ad1“
W O '
L S E Y O
5
I'
do p roféls.
Y ou { peak -not like ye brfe lfi"
The Ca rdina l’s de fence ofhis con istemp era te and a rtfu l. Shakfp e a r
‘
e , Whoin play t re adsno g rou nd wi thou t wa rra nt, hasin .Lhis
'
fce ne a lfo
traced ou r be lt Chronicles.
Q u E E iN .
’
mutt‘te lly
‘
ou,
’
Tha t you tend e rmore your"
p e rfo'
n’s shoe
Tha n you r high p rofefiiou fpiritu a l.
Wolfeywas fu p p0fed‘
not tohave favou red theca u le of the
fhe had p u blicl
ou smanne rof
{ b e e n Ka tha rine ‘has{be enmu cha p p rovedy
‘
afind' e fp e cia llyin this la ne of thetria l . She ce rta inly, wasin behaviour
“
eafyh and in
fp e aking na tu ra l a nd fam i l ia r; bu t the fitu‘
a tion of
the cha racte r requ ired more force in u tte rance and
more dig nityin action. Mrs. Porter’smanne rwas
e leva ted
2 t 8 DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES.
I D B‘
M .
Forhe r ma le ill'
u e ,
Gr died when theywe re made,or thortly after
Thisworld had air’d them.
The King , it is fa id, was fl ru ck with4his mislbr tu ne , be ca u fe the cu rfe of be ing childle fsistheve ry threa te ning of the Mofaica l law a g ainfi tholewho e fp ou fe the brothe r
’s widow.
I ‘D E M .
I beg an, in p rivate ,Withyou , my lord of Lincoln.
The Bill-lop of Lincoln was Henry’s .e onfefl
'
or .
I D E M .
How u nde r myop p refiion I did reek.
csReekis a coarfe , thou gh fig nifica nt, me ta phor,taken from a man
’s fwe ating .u nde r a he a vy bu r
den.
I D E M .
Toyou .,my lord ofCante rbu ry.
Wa rham was the n Archbilhc p of Ca nte rbu ry,a nd not Cranme r, ashinte d tn fome edit ionsof thisp lay
1 D n M .
P rove bu t ou rmarriag e lawfu l,we a re conte nted
Towe a r ou r mortal {la te to come withhe r,
Ka th‘rine , ou r qu e en, be fore the p rime tt cre a tu re
Tha t’s p a ragon
’d in the world.
Notwithfla nding thisve ry p u bl ic a nd folemn p ro
tefia tion, which I think Shakfp e a re has fa i thfu l lytra nfcribe d from the Chronic le , He riry
’5 priva te
rea lons, which he fent to the pop e , conta in ve rydille rent
. H H E N k Y'
wm ah
difi'
e rrent motives““
The“
fol lowing is a tranfl ation‘
From a
.
cu riou s La tin re cord .
The re a re , be lides, fome p a rticu la r re a fons
to be la id *be fore his‘holine l
'
sain p riva te s, thou gh
not p rop e r to b e c ommi tted to writ ing ; u p on
which a ccou nt,‘
as'we l l as
'
by, reafon of fome dif
temp e rs which(the
, qu e e n la bou rs u nde r, withouthop esof remedy, as,
‘
likewife , throu gh fome c e r
ta in - fe rn es'
which diflu rb‘the king’s c onl
'
cie nc e ,Iii: majq/ymeit/ier can nor
“will, fir tfie look
u pon ber , or lit); witfi liar , farlet Me can/ég u ence be wha t it will.
”
The king’s a rde nt p afiion
*to have ma l e ifl'
u e
fe emstohave b e e n the g re a tmotive for his d ivorcefrom Ka the rine . He
'
ha d a fon, by her , chrifie n
ed He nry,«who {l ied twomonths a fte r his birth
and this he u fed tofay, was a j u dgme nt Upon himfor ma rrying his -brothe r?swife . The fame e a g e r~
‘
defire to have a ma le chi ld, a ndhisdifa p pointme nt,
occafioned his u nconqu era bl e ave rfion toAnne Bullen.
’ This u nha p py l adywas de l ive red of a de ad
ma l e ; the nce , it is fu p pofe d, he fou ght a llme n
thods to ru in her.
Q D E M .
‘
Myle arned andwe ll- be love d fe rvant, Cranmer,P r
’
ythee re tu rn
(ltgin fpoke this ap oflrophe to Cra nme r m a lowv oice , bu t tome lodiou fly a nd we l l tu ned, a s to be
he a rd d1fi1n€llyin~e ve 1jyp art .of .the the a tre .
I D E M O
.Bre ak u p the cou rt.
Notwithfia nding Shakfpe a re has, in thisp a fl‘
a g e ,fe emed tohave dillb lved t his famou s a ffembly, itafiu ally continu ed to fit a nd do bufine fs forfome
* 2 < t ime ,
am DRAMATIC MISCE LLANIES.
The king wa s fipp roce eding s, tha t he emp l
me ll eng e r to them, w
flina tion ; and, ve heme nt ly link-inghisha nd, he tiild Wolfeyz Tha t,
ii: neverwaswe l l withEn and whe n ca rd ina ls hadl
zf
aar
mm t —1-W@l£ey re p liedha t if
0
it had not be en ffl r om ardiqna l
, du ke o£ Su ffolk wou ld not have kep thish onhis lhéulde rs.
Act III . Scene I‘.
(b e en Ka tharine , Wolley, and Camp eius
This fce ne 1somitted, in the re p re fe ntation, as
tedious a nd u nne ce fla ry. Howeve r, a s it fa rther
dil'
p la ys (b e e n Ka tharine’s temp er, and difpolition,
a nd conta insmany cha rafi e rillical fe a tu resof tha tu nha p py lad ,
it .we l l de fe rves ou r a tt e nt ion.
is, in g e ne ra ,a tra nfcrip t from Hollingfhe ad, p a
ra phra fcd and enla rg ed wi th correfp ondent matter.
Q U E E N .
l.was (chattwork
Among ll mymaids
When (b e en Ka tha rine wa s informe d tha t the
ca rd ina lsWolfey a nd Camp eiu s defired au dience ,{he came to themwith a nec in oft thread abou t he r
ne ck ,nor wou ld {he re tire wi ththem into he r
p riva le chambe r, a s they requ efie d, tillafte r a con
ference fu chas the poe t hasx given u s.
I ‘ D B M.
That munweighou t my aflllftions.
Fu ller,1
a aa DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES.
the tria l , Pop e Cleme nt was feifed wi thfo da ng e hrou s a n illne fs tha t it wasfe a red it wou ld te rmina teonlywi th his l ife . Wolfey, who had be fore be e ntwice a ca ndida te for the p a p acy, a g ainfha
‘
d hishop esre newe d. Ha d he de c ide d the bufinefsof thed ivorce in favou r of the king ,
“he wou ld have loft
the inte rpofition of the emp e ror, (Lle e n Ka thar ine’s ne p hew,
wi thou twhofe inte re fl he cou ld not
p oflibly fu cce e d. Clement’s re cove ry p u t a n. e nd
toWolfey’sdre am of the p a a cy, a nd e x pofed
'
himto the re fe ntme nt of Anne gu l le n a nd he r p a rty,who took inde fa tig able p a ins toince nfe the kinga g ainfi him. This p a rt of Wolfey
’s b illory, t e
p e é’ting the p a p a cy, has not, e x ce p t in one p lace , .
be en tou ched u p on by Shakfp e a re .
S U F F O L K.
'
I do all'
ure you
The king cry’d Ha a t this.
C H A M B, ,E R L A I N
NowCod ince nfe '
hirn,
A nd le t him cryHa ! lou de r.
Henry’sfig n of ,
difp le a fu re was u fu ally markedby a lou d e x p lofion of thEinte rfe étion Ha orHol
'
a nd,this
1behavio
~
u r, more fuitable to the hog- drive r
tha n the p rince , ”
fe rve d‘
to‘
te rrify‘ a nd ke e p in awe
hisfl avifh and t imorou s cou rtie rsfix ‘For this p rog
nollic;wasma tte r of the u tmofi difmayto them.
1The re is 3 Rory, in P ol ice’sWorthies, of a we ak
e ffemina te boy, who p e rfona te d He nryVIII . in a
c enta tte n on tha t flory, who cried ho !
in fo me, tha t one Jof his brothe r p e rfortha t
'
he a éie glmore l ike a,
moufe
ama n a a nd tha t,if he fpokh ho !‘ wi th no
his.pa rliament_wou ld not. g ra nt him a
enny.of moneyBCHAP
H a N R’
Y“
v111’
.
C H A P T E R XK
a ea ndle .= - Nobler betting fir a nd a
’r favou r witfi tfie King
of Me 3d afi .- Ci65 er a nd
”
lea rning a nd encou rag ement [
cf lea rned men .-Eraj
mm a nd Wolj ey.- T/ie la tter ”: filfifimfip fride‘,
a nd cru elty.- HirfuPerfl itiou ; a nd w
’
ndifiive t em
p era—So] ?mafia—LVi/fon of lzng elr.-Bayer
’r g rand
dance .—
,S>252eenKotfia rine’r cfiarnfi ei
’.
liz abet/i,a r drawn by
Mr .Hume .- Eng la nd
p rincer .—Ca lderone’r
Sp a Playon j /iefizbj efl HenryVIII .
W O L S E Y .’
This c andle /bu rns not cle a r ’t1s I mu tt fnu fi
’
.it;And ou t it goe s.
E a et ion ofColleyCibbe r, in fp e aking this,“
I have he a rd mu chcommended k hfi e wimita te d,
With his fore - fing e r a nd thumb, the e x ting uifhingof a candle wi tha p a irof fnu lfe rs; ,Bu t fu re ly the
L 4 re ade r
2 24 DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES ;
re a de rwi l l l a u gh a t fochmimicry, which, if p ra et ile d, wou ld ma ke a p laye r
’safiion asridicu lou sas
3 mon
Ente r the,king re ading a fche du le .
The whole foen e , to the e nd of the third a él, isthe g ehuine contriva nce of the poe t —Thou g h theKing had g iven Wolfey nt marks of hisdillp le a fu re , a nd oft en ra ted b im inhisboiile rou sman
neg—am
i
d p articu la rly once , a t G ra fton , in Northamp tonlhire , whe n the nob ili ty, who ha ted himk
l a id be ts for a nd a g ainll his re ta ining the king’s
fe étion,
-
ye t, a t tha t t ime , we have a u thori ty tofay, Wolfey fl ood hisg rou nd fo we ll, tha t he de ‘
p a rte d from the king’s p re fe nce withma rks of fa -a
you r ra the r tha n difp le a fu re .—Thiswas the 1t
t ime ofHenry andWolfey’sme e t ing .
K I N G
What pilesofwealthhathhe accumu lated I“
I t 13 impofiible to re ad the 1nve ntoryofWolfey’s
riches, asit fia ndsin‘
ou r Chronic les, wi thou t afl onifhme nt a nd indig na t ion—The wa l lsofhis p a la cewe re cove re d withc lothof g old or c loth of hlve r
his cu p boa rd conta ine d ma lfy p la te of g old—Athou fa nd p i e ces of fine Hol la nd a nd the re fl of the
fu rn i tu re in p roport ion.- To e flima te hisriches a t
ha lf a .million wi l l not, by thofe who ca re fu l ly‘
a t
t e nd to a u the ntic hifloria ns, be fu p pofed to ove r
ta te them. How impove rifhe d a nd wre tche d mu llthe p eop l e be , whe n a p rod ig a l king , a g ra fpingminifl e r, and a fl avilh
‘
p a rl iame nt, a ll combined todra in them of the irmoney
N o a r .o‘
r. K .
v : f “
f—L—ufi— h My10rd, WC hiveS tood he re obfe rving him. Some fla ng e commotion111111111 amid.
t
13 2 2 6 DRAMATIC MIS‘
CELLANIES‘
.
‘ foréighe rs'
, he'
wa s fome time'
s be traye d into tha t
wa rmthof temp e r whichj ui'
lly e x pofed him'
to re
p rehe nfiom In a' dil
'
p u te once withWolfey, hewas
_
fofa r tra nl'
por-ted - b
'
eyond himl‘
e lf‘
a s tb'
dra’
wthisdag g e r)”5 The t re fe ntme nt
'
which the e a rl fe lt"to the minifie r, ~on
'
a ccou nt of the‘
p a rtthe bore in th
‘
e tria lof
his fa the rlin- law,the Du ke ofBu cking ham; indu c
e d ou r poe t tomake u l‘
e ofhis a g e ncy tore p roa ch
the ca rdina l , wi th'
more imp e tuolity a nd bitte rnefs,
thanhe a l lotted to a nyof the other peers’
S U a R {R n };
Fiilt, tha t, withou t the ,1{ing’sconfcng m fi
'
,
You wrou g ht to be a le g a te .
The a lTuming the powe r' ofa icg a te was e x p f efi-s.
ly contra ry to a n a ét p a lled in the re ig n ofRicha rdf5
I l. ,a nd left the olie nde r ou t of, elie ,king
’sp rote&ion . .
I t‘wééh howe ve r, difing enuoussand crue l totty thean oblole te 215 1, and Fore x ercifing
tha t powe r, in the face ofthe world, with the king’a r
cou le nt a nd a p p roba t ionAmong ll: above fortya rt icles; which
'w-e re la id to .
hischa rg e , the re wa s a ve ryfing u la r one ‘
f Tha tkn
’
owing hirnfe lf contamina te d wi ththe g re a t p ox ,he had the imp u dence .
to bre a the ,in the
nking
’s
w1Q L
isir: Y .
I
. p o c u h - c o n n - Q o o My highf‘blown Plmeu 4
a.
"” 0"
‘A t leng thbroke u nder me.
C "
The p rops, by whichWoll'
ey’smindwasfu p a
p orted, .
w'
ér‘
e pomp? pride , g ra nde u r,
ma g nificence Lhe fe f onee man had , nor
a t ; n P M Irma " aveQ
'T‘hqp eop le of, Enfind can,“ this time , boafi of
oftsfi rry,‘who isa t
’
ru c frie of libe rty; and a n u ndaimte d
her of the conl‘ritu tion . who e njoyswith:
ofhisg reatn ccftor unmix ed Withhis micelles.
t H E N R Y S VIIL 7
thing from wi thin to fu p p ort his fpirit, he had no
whifp e ring comfortsfrom a n u nfu llie d confcie nce tohe a r him u p a g ainll the t ide of a dve rlity whichwa sre a dyto ove rwhe lm him.
W O L S E Y .
Vain pomp and g lory of the world,I ha te you
'
!i
0.
W i thwha t fac i l i ty (lo—we renou nce wha t we ca n‘
no long e r ke e p ! And 3show l ike chi ldre n do -men
behave , whe n they give u p thofe p laything s from » x
which they a re debarred l
I U E NL .
May have a tomb of orphans te ars wep t on him.
Mayhis tomb be wa fhed with orpha ns te a rs
in g ra t i tu de for hisaé'
tsofju llice to them.
’
Wolfey himfe lf e x e rcifed the oflice of ehance lher wi thou t re p roa ch.
Tha t Cranme r is re tu rn’d with welcome , ” a
Infia ll’d Lord Archbifhop of Ca nte rbu ry, a
Thisis a’
fu fiicie nt p roof, tha t Sufi’olk
“
; in‘
a’
for;
me r p art of the fce ne , me an t tha t Cra nme r was'
re a l lyre tu rne d wi th a f ul l a p p roba t ion of hisop in i~ons a nd not , asMr. Tyrwhit f ug g e lled , tha t hewas come back onlybyhisfchedu les, or~ traconfirming the va l idi tyof a d ivorce ,uhive rfrties ne i the r is it
” l ike ly tha t Cranme rwou ld fe nd tha t by ahothe r Which he cou ld not
bring himfe lfl
w o 1: s 15 its
Che rifh thofe hea rts that bore you . 07
Dr.Wa rbu rton a l tersba te totor isknown to b e a n a rbi tra ry foifle r of hisown
'
fanc ies into the te x t. -He fayl olfe y ne g leéted3
' "3” his
DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES .
h1sde p e ndents the contra ry, in g e ne ra l , is tru e ;when he a nd his re t inu e p a rte d, mu tu a l manife llations of g rie f a nd te nde rne fs we re fe e n on bothtides. Che rifh thofe he a rts tha t ha teyou
’ wasfpoke n in condemna tion ,
of hisown condu él, whohad p rovoke d the nobi l ity by his p ride a nd infol e nce , ra the r than he wou ld foothe them by g e ntle ne fs.
‘ His p roft cu tion of Bu cking ham brou ghta g ainfi
'
him the famfly of Norfolk a nd a ll the irfri e nds, Bu t , a g ain, Che rifh thofe
’
he a rts tha tha te you
’. is, a ccording to the pre ce p t in the
Gofp e l, Bie fs them’
tha t cu rfeyou .
’ This is a
le libn which Shakfp e a re p u ts into the mou thofa he a then : Fl aviu sthe Rewa rd , on the fight ofTimon, his maile r, in mife ry, among ll othe r re ~fieétions, bre aks ou t into this
How ra re ly does it me e t with this time’s g u ll
'
e ,h
When ma n waswifh’d to love his e nemies
I D E M .
Had I bu t fe rv’d myGod withha lfthe ze al:
I'
fe rv’d myking , ,
he wou ld not in mine ag e
Have le ft me naked to mine e nemies.
This fe nte nce,fays .Dr. Johnfon , was re a l ut
‘le re d by Wolfey bu t the wordswhichhe oke
a fter thisfe nte ncé, a sre la ted byHolling fhe ad, a re
equ a l ly p a the t ic, a nd a re well.
worth. efe rvin
“ B u t“it iS '
the aifl rewa rd tha t Iv
mu llpfe ceive or
the : d ilig ent p ains a nd litrdy toba t
‘
I have ha d to do
him le tvice ,1not re g a rding mytfe rvice to‘GQd, bu t
c nly’
tO' fa tisfyhis
Whe n we look ba ck a nd cbnfide r the fore g oingfce ne , from the e ntra nce ofthe Ca rdina l tohisconc lu ding fp e e cha t the e nd of the third a ét, we mu llconfe fs tha t the poe t has wrou g ht u p the wholewithg re a t drama t ic thi l l . The h1fiorical inc idents,or eve n“, a re rendéred ex t reme ly inte
'
re llin
while she , cha racte rs and p a fl iohs of the g re a t p e rfou a g es introdu ce d fu p p ort
'
the dialog ue wi thu hcommonvigou r. The art of Shakfp e are has,i
n
t 9
2 30 DRAMATIC MISCELLANIES.
A t differe nt t imes the conde fce nde d todhewhim to
ke ns of hissfa vou n a ndw re t u rn ing frie ndlhip . The
ca rdina l . -wa s: fo t ra nfporte d with joy on his,royal.
ma ller’sfe nd ing hin
'
ia ring , which he conce ivedt o be a c e rta in e vide nce of his p rote étio
‘
n,—tha t
he difmou nted 'f rom hishorfe a nd wou ld rece ive iton his kne es. To ma nife ft his g ra t i tu de , ,he
,fe nt
to the ~king , as, the molt va lu a ble of; alhgifts,his
fl al,P a te/1
,
1 whom he had che rilhe d asone re fe rve
of.ha p pinefs, or, a t le a fl, amu feme nt, in hismisfortu ne s bu t the poor ca rdina l wasfiill
' wedded to '
va nity a nd ofl e nta tion a he tra ve l le d toYork, whithe r nhe xwasa oblig ed to
r g o1by. order of the du ke of
Norfolk, weho~thre a te ned, Ifmhe sre fu fe df to u tea r
himin piece sswithhis te e th He travell ed I fay,
wi th~
a re t inu e of one hu ndred a nd fix ty p e rfonsinorde r to be infialle d . The re p a ra t ions, for this;
infla lment , we re e x c e e dingl; ma g nifice nt, a nd
beyond a ll -re a fona b| e l imits This u nha p py re lilh~
for huma n g ra nde u r was», in , a ll p robability,‘
the
immedia te ca u fe ofhis. ru in.
’
Had he rema inedqu ietin his dioce fe
»
, .his~ e nemie 3 stwou ld, p e rha ps,
have be e n a t ria lofsf oa ma tte rt tor e x c ite the ~kihg’s
a ng e r a g ainfl him the re p ort ofhisofte n
ta tiou sma nner p f l iving , Anne Bu l l en, infl ig a tedby the du ke of neve r ce a fed
to p ly the king ‘with'
a ccu fa tionsia g ainlt him; t ill,a t la ll, He
'
nry,7notwithlla ndin
§he had g ranted him
a p a rdomdrawnu p in the mo amp le te rms, , commanded the e ar l of Northumbe rla nd.
to a rre l’t himforhigh trea fOn, a nd bring him to
’
his tria l .’ Wol
fey, who«kt
‘
iew. that his mailer ne ve r ru ined a nyman byha lve s, dre ade d the confequ e nce f omu ch,tha t, Cave ndifh difp a tched himfe lf by a
p owe rfu l dofe .—He ‘
had nolefs, faysHolling fl te ad, .
than fiftyfloolsinone day.
g yneCavendifh.
on r; 2 N.
H E 7 2 3 2
Q U E E N .
c a n Eve r ranking himf‘
e lt’
.
i
Withp rinces.
The ma n whofe ambi t ion aimed "
to be fup e rior'
to a llcrowned he ads; byg e ttingc
p offe ffion of the
p a p a l t ia ra , cou ld ne ver confide r himfe lf as a fu b
j eci; e fp e cia llywhe nhe was a cce pted a nd h'
fa lu ted é
by the fl a tte ring'
titl’
esof frie nd, fa ther, a nd com
fe l lowby emp e rors-a nd king s. H‘ume isofop inion '
tha t,‘
if Wolfeyhad once g a ine d the p a p a cy, the
wou ldjhavehad it in his‘
p owe r .
e amp ly re
p a id hisma fte rf ora llma rks of fa vou r he ha d bellowed on him
,
From the -a rrog a nce . of the man
Llhou ld ra ther ; fu fp eét he would ha ve act ed the
p a rt of Thome s- a oBe cke t, who, from-
a fa i thfu l. fe rva nt to -his. p rince , while a layma n” p rove d,whe n raife d to the fe e of Ca nte rbu ry, __
the g re a te fl:
op pofe r of. his roya l , ma lte r
’
s wi l l . Bu t, not to
dwe l l u pon conjea u re , le t mel
a fle ifWolfey’s PTO
mot ion wou ld have a lte red . the {la te of I ta ly?Wou ld not the emp e rorbe fiilLa s powe rfu l
‘
the re a s
be was—be fore the ca rdina l’s e x altation ? ,Wou ld
'
he not have fou nd it as e a fy tohu mble him as,the
p re cedingl pop e , whom he had be lie g e d in his ca ~
p ita l a nd redu ced to the lafi e x tremi ty? ‘Wolfey
mu ll of nece fiity, have nada p l
ted bis pol i t ics to. his.
‘fitu a tion .
r , H‘
A‘n
die -thig h}:fu’
g genion ,
vy.l all‘
thc kiogq‘
qfij‘
I know noword more forc ible , to e x p re fswhat'
fe ems~
;to be the a u thor’s"me a ning , tha n tyfd.
The —infinu a tionsof an u nfe e l ing ininifl e r, to..fu ade his roya l maile r. te cbaimdown the mindsofhis fu bje&s, cannot be p u t into ftmng e r lang u a g e .
Dr. Fa rme r’s propofed a l te ra tion of tiM’d is infe
riorinitsorig ina l meaning , and deficie nt in its g eaiw
ne ra l a p p l ica tion. Dr. Fa rmer isa molt re fp eéiable name on eve ry accou nt ; but Mr. Toile t hasve ry jui
‘tlyde fe nded a re ad ing whichis fu p ported
by all the editionss
,G R r
'
r r'
r T. a”.
From his cradle ” .
He wasa fcholar, , and a rip e and g ood g ee .“
Wolfey’s love of le arning y a nd his confi
'
ant emcou ra g eme nt of it, was the molt amiable p a rt ofhis-
cha rafier.
To the re viva l~’
of l e a rn ing in this na t ion‘he con
tribu ted,
more tha n a ll- b u r c le rg y'
a nd nobili ty.
His mind wasc fu fce p tible'
of tha t s re p u tation and»
g lorywhich the e ncou ra g ement ofw the'
fine a s
a nd the be l l es- le ttre s ca n only be llow, a n honou r”
fu p e rior to the noify fame of mi lita rya tchieveme nts. Wol fe -y was one of the fe le ét
'
few
a g e who e njoye d a ju ft a nd e le g antzta fte for literatu re : iAn hifi
‘
oria n* ha sip refe rved‘fome e x traa s
from a*
rne thod of te a ching and e duca tin
a ddre ffeil by him to the m'
afie rsof a fchool
he ’fob nde d'
a t Ip fwich, in which he hasdifp layed fog ood a flyle , fu ch
' folid j u dgme nt ; a nd a ta fl e forefined what it re fl ects the highe ft honou r up on the~write r.
“Whe n Wolfey fp e a ks of the fifth cla fs,there is, in his
'xod
'
tru étiohs, fome thmgifo milyqi
be ra l , tha t [ cannot forbe a r tra nfcribing t héfa g e
anyti} (1 l ‘l‘ J
il ix ;
u nita fl iGu tbriet ' ” I“
; z.
in l ‘ c
q é v l qo t.
2 34 DRAMATIC'
M S‘
CELLfiNIESV
80 e x ce lle ntin a rt, a nd kill fo tiling ,
Tha t Chrifie ndom {halle ver fp e ak his virtu e
The re is, in thisle g e , a t Ox ford
,~ fome thing
"
? fure ly, tha t looksp rophe t ica l , Ne othe r femina ry in Eu rop e ha s
p e rha p s be e n fo fe rtile‘in p e rfons
- s famou s for u fe fu lle a rning , e x te nt of°g e niu s, a nd e le g ance of ta fie inthe be lles lettresI t iswi th a de g re e
'
of‘
p le a fu re I have fe le é’te d
,
from the be ll hifloria ns, p a lfa g es to confirm tha t
dra u g ht of“
the lhining p a rt of Wolfey’s p ortra i t
g ive n by Shakfp e a re . Bu t it ca nnot be controve rted
tha t'
the da rk fhade s of it wa nte d the brig hte fl:t ints to f’e t them off. The emine nt fu p e riority ofhis g e n iu she p rinc ip a l ly emp loye d to the advance
me nt of his own p owe r, inte re fl, a nd g ra nde u r ;his ambi t ion was a s infa tia ble a s his ava rice , a nd ,
wi ththem hisp ride a nd cru e l tywe nt a n equ a l pa ce .
He g a ve ce rta in indica t ions of a l ittle mind, for hewas fu p e rllitiou s and v indict ive .
O ne of thol’
e e normou s croffes, which a lwaysa ccomp a nie d him whe re ve r he we nt, ha p p e n ing ,a t a n e nte rta inme nt
, to fa l l , a nd hu rt one of hisre t inu e , he a lk ed whe the r the blow had fe tched
b lood ? a nd, be ing a nfwe re d in the a ffirma t ive , hecriedMa/um omen a nd re t ired . tohischambe r.
Du ring the t ime tha t he wa s a fchool-ma lie r, a
qu a rre l ha p p e ned be twe e n him a nd Sir JamesP a ule t
,who, to g ra ti fy his a ng e r, ha d VVolfey p u t
into the flocks. -Ma nyye a rs a fte r this fray, .whe n
the Ca rdina lwa s adva nced to the p oll of lord-highcha nce l lor of Eng land, he fe nt for P a u l e t ; a nd,a fte r re p roa ching him fie rnly for his forme r behaviou r to him, he , by his own a u thority, obl ig ed ;
him to rema in in London five or fix ye a rsfit
Holling lhead;
g re ase
H EN R Y vnr. 2 35,
Q U E E N K A T H A R I N E
Gau fe the muficians p lay,mc tha t , fa d note
I ham’d my, kn e ll.
Sad note is, tha t folt a nd melancholy air which”
p le a fe sme .
’
The Emp e ror Cha rl es V . Ka tha rine ’sne phew,
whe n re tire d to the mona fle ryof Ju li, in Eftiema
du ra , ca u fed the folemn dirg e to be p l aye d be forehim whichwas to be p e rforme d a t his fu ne ra l oh~fequies.
The Vifion of Ang e ls.
ND drama t ic a u thor e ve r took fu ch inde fa t ig ablep a ins to fe e d the eye a nd the e a r, a s we l l a s the
u nde rfta nding , as Shakfp e a re . Wha t e fl e ét thisvifion might p rodu c e on the a ud ie nce orig ina l ly 13 ,
not now to be l e a rne d . Tha t it wa s 1e'
p re fe nte d
be foreMrs. Be tte rton, when the acte d Qiie e n Ka»
tha rine ,‘
foon a fte r the Re fl ora tion, is c e rta in.
Thou gh the a u thor thewsfancyin this l i tt l e p a ntormme , ye t it fe ems fitte r, a t pre fe nt, to temp t a n:
a u die nce tomirth and ridisule tha n to fe rions a tte nt ion. The g rave cong e e s, folemn danc ing s, a nd
{la te ly cou rte fies, of the fe a e ria l be ing s, p u t usinm ind of Bayes
’s g ra nd da nc e ; a nd p e rha ps the
Du ke of Buckingham borrowe d a hint of it from.
this vifion., In the third a Et ot the Rehe a rfa’
l
Baye s, chiding the p l aye rs for the ir a u kwa rdne fs:te l ls them they
“da nce worfe than the fa t fpirits
in the Temp efi or the ang e ls1n HenryVIII .’
M« E S S E N G l R
Anfi'
t dike you r g race
K A T H A R I N Ko
Y ou are a fancy fe llow.
The Me fl‘
eng e r, forg e tting to p ayKa tha rine thene fp efi du e tomaje fty, raifesherindig na t ion even
in
2 35 DRAMATIC MISCELLAN IES.
in he r le ft a g ony; a nd thisis tru ly a pa rt of tha t
la dy’scha ra éte r. .Al l the honia g e , whichwasp a id
tohe r be fore the d ivorce , (he determine d to p refe rve to the la t}. The king emp loye d commifl ioncrs to fe tt l e he r hou fe a s P riu e e fs- dowa g e r of
W a le s, whowou ld have p l a c e d fe rva ntsabou t. he r,to t1e a the r as fu ch; bu t thisimp ofition {he rej ect,e d wi thdifdain.
p
The virtu esof Qg e en Ka tha rine are ce lebra tedbya llhifl oria ns. He r form wa s littl
0
re ta in the a ffect ionsof‘fu cha man asHe nry ; bu t ,thou ghhe cau ld not le tter he r , fu chwa she r/ con
form ity tohiswi l l , a nd fu ch the innoce nce of he r.
life , he eve r fp oke of he rwi thg re a t re fp e éi, a ndp rofe ffed the hig he fireve rence ‘
for he r v irtu e s.Tha t Ka tha rine lhou ld p e rfifl in de nying r with
a n ba th, the confumma tion of he r ma rria g e wi thP rince Arthu r, confide ring the evidence whichwas
p rodu ce d of it, hifioria nsin g e neralfe em to - won
de nt " bu t, whe n we refieét . wha t"
.he rfelfit and~he r
dau ghter, the P rince fsMa ry, might lol'
e
'
byo'
wn
ing the comp l e tion of the ma rria g e , we fha ll t athe r, I be lieve , p ityhe r fitu a tion, which redu ced
he r to (o u nha p py a d i lemma , tha n condemn he r
p e rfeve ra nce . The ahfolu tion ofa confe fformightOp e ra te . l ike a ; cha rm u pon her
-mind ; not isit, I”
hop e , u ncha ritable to fu p pofe , tha t fu cha cordia lwou ld not be re fu fed .
Du ring this tru ly-
p a the t ic fce ne , the behaviou rof Mrs. P ri tcha rd, the re p re fe nte r of Ka tha rine ,was re fp eélable ; bu t he r he ft e fl
’
orts cou ld not
re a ch the g ra ce a nd d ig nityof g e llu re , mu chle fs
the he a rt- tou ching te nde rnefs, of Mrs.'
.Porte r.
In this a étre fs it was obfe rved, tha t a ve rybad
voice did not obfirné’t thje fOrcible e x p refiion of e x
cellive gu ef.~
2 38 DRAMA’
I’lC
a éle d, fomu ch'
trnth a nd na tu re ; tha t the a u die nce
neve r difmilfed he r withou t ma rks of a p p roba
t fl o z
Le t fme here g ive a n a ne cdote offhe r and Theo.p hilu s Cibbe r.
—I may not, p e rha p s, find a p la cefor it e lfewhe re . She l ived to a g re a t a g e withits.worll comp a nion, p ove rty. A vcha ritable colle élionfwas > fe t Jon foot for he r re l ie f among ft the p laye rs,who neve r tu rn the ir ba cks u ponwant a nd a fflic
t ion. The . Cibbe rwas the n ve ryyou ng a nd wi ld.
When {he a p p l ied to him hisfina nceswe re fo low,tha t he de nied he r with the e x cu fe that he ha d a
.la rg e fami ly. O ~dea r Sir, (fa id Mrs. W i l l is)ca n tha t be ?you have ne i the rwife nor chi ld.
t“ It may‘be fo, (re p lied he ) bu t I have a la rg e
f ami lyofwe er, madam l”—An a ttemp t a t wit »is a
omp e nfa tion for the wa nt of cha rity. I t
ju fily have b e e n re tortedb y the diftrefi'
edmisfortu ne is a g re a t e nemy to p rea nd re p a rte e tha t the Fami ly the
my come dian a l lu de d to,was fu ch a one a S
‘
itou ld be difg ra ce fu l toma inta in, a nd noble to g e t rid
of; a nd which wife condu ét wou ld e nab le him to
a llill eirtuow Fami l ies, infiea d offe e ding hisFami ly
‘C H fi flq
'
c E L L O'
R .
S p eak to the bnfinefs, Mr.l
Sccre tary.
MriTheoba ld, forg et tiu g t ha t Shakfp e are had,.in thisinfla nce , brokc t hrou g hhisorigina l de lig n,iby introdu c ing the confpira cy a ainfi Cra nme r,
w i llhave it tha t the cha nce l lor o the fcene wasSir Thomas .Au dley, ,
fu cce lfor of Sir ThomasMore ; bu t he died in 15 44, twoyearsbe fore the
H E N R Y vnr. 2 5 9
p lanwasconce rted'
to ru in the a rchbifhop . Wrio
the fly was Au dley’s fu cce ll
'
or, and confequ ently,the cha nce llor whom Shakfp e a re me ant.
G A R D I N E R .
Whichre formation mu ll be .fu dde n too
So ave rfe'
was Ga rdine r to a llinnova tion what~
roeve r, a nd fo firm'
a frie nd toe fl ab lithe d e rror, inma tte rs of me re indifi
'
e rence , tha t“
he O p p ofed,wi th a ll 'hismight, the more ac cu ra te p ronu n c iat ion of the Gre ek tong u e , introdu ced by fomele a rned imen into ou r u nive rfities. The P a piflsadhe red to the old me thod; a nd the P rote flants
favou red the new. Thiswas a re a fon ' fufiicientlyp owe rfu l, w ith this hot z e a lot, to emp loy the a uthority
'
of the king a nd cou nc i l to fu p p re fsanyp ropofed re forma t ion in this a rticu la r, byp e rp e tu ating the corru p t fou nd 0 the Gre e k a lpha be t.The p ena l t iesof difobedie nc e , infliéted by G a rdine r, we re whip p ing , de g rada tion,
'
a nd e x p u lfion.
c R o M w 1: L i. .
Wou ld you .were ha lffc honeftjl
Shakfp ea re throws ou t no idle o r ill- fou ndedcharg es. Whe n Ga rdine r was am
’
ba 'ffador a t the
cou rt of Fra nce ,‘be ing e x treme ly ave rfe to the
p rogre fsof a ny e cclefiafiiéa l
‘re forma tion, on which
he ou nd his maile r ve ry intent, it was fu fp e éledtha t he be trayed the intere flofHenry tothe Frenchking .
U R'
R E Y :
Mayit ,p lcsfe you rmajefty
x 1'
N G .
No, Sir,tit does not p lea fe me.
This ang ry inte rru p tion of the king is always
u ttered wnhvehemence . And this event fa llmgou t
ou t‘a ye a r be fore the king
’sdeath, the a uthor
tozpoint ou t Henry’s fix ed ave rfion to the e a rl ;
whom w i th his fa the r, the du ke“
of Norfolk, he
p rofe cu ted with ine x p iab le , rag e . The p re tende d
asqu a rte ring the king’sa rms wi th
their frown ; a
v
p ra‘
éti'
ce ju flifie d’
by the he ra lds. Forthis,
“
a nd other friuolous p re sence s,~ the earl was
‘
by' a ju ry. of
“
commone rs a nd c ondemned to
die . His defence : wasnoble , be comsihg hlS r bll’
tlis
and his u ndaunte d fpirit. He was e x e cu ted abou t
ten ye a rs b efore Henry died. The humble fu bmillion of the duke availefl shun . norm : all hisfe rvices, in,
de fea ting the Scotsand fubduing ffeveral.reb e llions
'
within the king domr'were forgotte n“
The rlting ap prehended tha t the duke and lhis fontwould diflurlr the fe ttleme nfl of
‘
ove rnrnent whichhe had p lanned for Edwa rd, is. fu ccefi
‘
or ; he ,
the re fore de te rmined ' to .g e t .rid of them b a the
nor cou ld his a p proaching dea th, nor the fe nfe Of‘
the e normous cru e l ties he had. committed, lbftcfnthis fava g e a nd o
‘
bdu ra te mind. Be ing u nab le to
{ ig n his name to the wa rra nt for the duke’s e x e cu
t ion, he ma de -
rife of a fe e l contrive d‘ fort ha t p u r
pofe : ha p p i ly the king d ied be fore the .
p ointe d for Norfolk’s ex ecu t ion .
’
l}‘he
thou ght it wou ld be u npopu lar to be g in the new
reig n w ith the de a thol h pop ula
as~the duke of Norfolk;
c A it n R.
Witha tru e he art and brothe r’s love.
The king obl ig esGardine r to embrace Cranmer
twice . The coldne fsof' the la tterg whoe ou ld not
c once al his ha tred a t the firll . embra ce , cau fes a
fmothe red la u gh lu g t whe n, a t
the king’s
(242 DRaMaTic
a nc ie ntsweie ‘of Op inion tha t ka ll
tma
we re rema rkable for vig'
ou r in .
t
h p ine l'
sof fig ht . r
n the O dyfl’
ey, book the ,13th,
- Homer ca l ls“
bra fs wnvoea 26W " which is tra nfl a ted Vire:
firing/inn: m . In‘
the Sympofia es of'iP Iu tarch'
,book
the 3d, there is a'
ve ry,cu riou‘s
eb bfe rvation upon
the powe rof brais to invigo
’
rafte‘
the
and e ve n to refiore lb’
fbeye(
TI W lll g ive the‘find
,
it aimoli tr'
anfl a ted by’tu the
Qg iin me ta l lo‘
.aéris,,morait t
'
u r,
feng p e r ocu lorum
Tanita te polle nt, e t g uihu s a nte l
'
p a jp e braa nu da taa
,fu e ra nt
‘
illinc conve liiu ntu r. Au ra e nimfl qum e x
a re p roce dit , in ocu los incide ns, ha u tit ct e x‘
cca t qu od ma le infl uit, {Hide e t Home ru s m9
do sumogz u‘gqmg 1”v
ita e
has c
°
Bra fs re ems ti)have the fame p
owe r to e the lig ht, t ha tVenu shad to g ive bri l l ia nce to the
‘
eyes'
ofhe r (on
fit lz tosocu lis afliarat honores.
N 1mm.
C R,sA N MiE R .
She Gu ll, be“
A p atte rn to a ll p rince s living withher,
And a ll tha t (ball l'
u cce ed.
This cha ra éte r of El iz abe th, drawn,
by Shak“ fp e are , is not u nl ike tha t e nte rtaine d‘bymot}Englilhme n a nd a ll fore ig ne rs t i l l ve ry. la te ly.
'I t'
is
now becdme a lniofl a fa fhion to decla im'
viole nt lyag ainfthe r, a nd re pre fe nt he ras a moftdifa gve e ablewoman a nd a tyra nnica lA ve ry e le g a nt wri te r e
‘
be tvh e ri
thre e emine nt p e rfons, compol'
ed a molt fe ve re
inquifitibn into he r p‘
riva te ahd p u bl ic condu& . Ade tection of de formit ies faved from obl ivion ; the
p ubl ica t ion ofwhich can anfwe r no ra tiona l p u np ole ,
2 43
p ofe ;»might,
‘ ‘I think,"
wi th fu bmiflion, «have been
fp a red. Era fe tshe rname ofElizabe thfromthe taa a log u e of g ood Eng lith mona rchs, a ndtthe a cu tefiifight wi l l fc a rce ly be able to point ou tlonewfrom the Conqu e fi to the R evolu tion rI mean,thy a g ood p rinc e , o ne that confu lts, in the g eneralt e ndrofhisc017dufi ; the re a l in
‘
te refl of the p eo le .
I t -is p le a fa nt e nou ghtofind, tha t Mr. Add'
p n,who, in all the wri t
,
sin’
which‘
he had occafion‘
tome ntion thislady, poke of her w i ththe'
hige u log ium,
is, in this dia log u e , made to‘
hold thefca lping
- knife , and diffefi he r a feve rity a nd
k e e nne fs ve rydiffe re nt from his a fnaiflyle'
ofwriting . This is fira ng e ly a ccou nted for by the
re ve rend and le arned writ e r, whoiteils u s, that
Addifon’s p u blic and p riva te ,Op inion of this g re at
p rincefswe re ve ry difcorda ntfl ,This e x ote ri
‘
c a nd
e fote ric 'dofi rine is e x treme ly fa nc ifu l a rid dang erous ; for, a ccording
'
to thisp r inc ip le , Drfl Hu rd‘sname may, by fome fu tu re wri te r, he made u fe ofas a p a ne gyrifl: ofElizabe th; a nd Lord Boling broke ,whoiin his
'
writing s e x tols the'
cha raf&e r a nd pol it ica l condu & of thisqu e e n b eyond
‘me a fu re ,’
be int rodu ced as a mhfl :b it te r fa tirifl ag ainfthe r.
Afte r all, if we e xamine her Vme rit itmu fibe from a d iffe re nt p rinc ip l e‘than tha t whichfe ems to have g u ided the p e n of thisemine ntwri te r.W e thou ld confide r he r a s living
"a t
‘a t ime whe n
the p re rog aiive wa s fu p e rior to law,
. afnd not as
if {he ha d‘re igne d whe n the bou nda ries be twe en
the p rince and the p e op le we re fix e d'
a t fthe Re volu tion To bring he r condu ct to a te ft, on doctrines?a nd Cfu floms’
ei’ca blifh‘
cd e a t
wou ld vbe to t ryhe
Mr; Hume, in
ma nne r,,shasfa irly
DRAMATIC : MIsCELLANIEs.
rp u blic‘
from the p riva te cha ra éie r; {he ha sconfider fi
e d he r as a grsa tiqna l,be ing , p la ce d inau thority a nd
e ntru fted wi th ,
the zg ove rnment'
of ma nkind. We
y, fays thisfag a ciou s writer, find tit - difiicu lt ’tore conci le ou r Fa ncy
'
t'
o he r. a s a wife‘
or za millre fs
’
;Jhu t
,he rqu alitiesas .a fovereig n, t
confrdg rable e x ce p t ions; a re the .
p u tad a p p la u fe and
,fIfo, e nte rinaq ' a of,Henny’scha
‘
raEte rtis rnotgthe bufi’
pcfs whofis not~
ca lledp pon to go far the r g
tha n his orig ina l a u thor. Shaki as
‘
g iven the fair‘
fide of
fu chas a .
‘
da u ghte rmig.
‘
giye n a fe cond
a t fofte ning , he“
p erhapsf asho cou ld be a r ; anddou bt oiir a u thor’s
g ht a fte r, which, inrhap s
-bq' u tte rlydif
g rilling »
; withe fs{the L ife and Dea thof King John,a nd hisRicha rd Illh p rince s
'more‘
ofi'
e nfilve to hu
mahity tha n' eVen 'He nryVIII ..To
,
‘the worfi
,
“
and‘
molig a rbitrary,
-kings thisna tion
,hase ve ntu a lly been indebted for,
itsrg re‘
a te ft
ha p pine fs. John’s
‘
e x cEefl ive cruelty a nd op pre ffion p roduced Mag ma Cha rta . The
,v iole nc e i
-
e f.He n. VJII . fre e d ~Eng land
’frt>m ipa p al zpow’
e r and
, thmpopifhre lig ion. To the we ak a nd obllina te ef
forts of Ja .
‘11. to e x te nd the p re rog a tiVe beyond
law, jwe owe theife ttlement a t the Revohitionza hd
the fiicce liion of the Ha nover llineIna p lay, c a l led La Gihna
'
de 'lng la te rra , Ca lderone , the '
ce le bra te d Sp a nifh ipoe t, has treated. of
the ‘fu bjeét of « Henry’sdivome .
'
, The chaia éters ofa nd Qg e e riKa the rine , a re n ot t i ll‘Kingry ihdeed, . he fma‘kes c orbfci
ou sof act ing i l l a ll throu gh the p l ay 5 his‘violérrtlove
245 DRAMATIC MISCELLAN IES.
in drama tic fl amina , g re a tly'
infe rior xo the Eng lifh
p lay. ”
Ca lde rone bre aks throu ghthe u nit iesof t imea nd p lace as fre e ly asonr
’
a u thor:
END or V OL. I.
.41, (if;247
I iMiD'
E -X to v 0141213 2 ,
Q ; A,
. 1 l
CTZEON a nd Di ana , p t 184.
Afiors ofHe nry t h and the P rince 01"Wale s,
A ldifon, 12 2 , 243 .
fEfchylu s,A l l e g ia nce of fu bjeéts
'
, cond i tional, 36 37Ane cdotes of Cibbe r, 3
Barry, 9 .
Qg e e n Elehnor‘r-Mlife tofiéuisVI lf i4
W a lke r a nd Bowma n, 2 5“ P rince Arthu r a nd K. John, 2 6, 2 8, 36 ,
g ewa te r, 39.
1, 5 6 ,Mr. Ramfay, 69.
—L6 u isX IV 7Rog e r Afcham a nd Bayle , re la t ive to Ita ly,
Richarsd II . and the D of Glof
’ce r, 76x
lo’mof Ga u nt, 78
—80
hamu e l Ste phe ns, 8 2 , 83the t imes of SirRobe rtWa lpolé, 8 5 , 86 .
— Richa rd II , 86 , 99, 110; 111.
-Wi l l iam 111. 87—Tom Cha pma n, 93 , 94;—a comp anyof firol
le rs, 163 , 4041.- He nry IV. 114, 11 5 , 12 1.
a g amefie rp t62He nry“VIII of Eng l and , a nd Francis oi;
i1 »i ) Fra nce , 192 ,
Henry VlI l. a nd the Daike o Su ffolk, 2 12—Lady Ca tha rine , 2 14.
“1
Ca rd ina l Wolfey, 2 30
the E of Su rrya nd theDu lreofNorfolk,Arbu thnot, 174A rifiotle , 174, 175 .
Arthu r, 2 6 36, & c. &c.
p a the tic fp ecch of, 34A l
'
cha tm Rog e r, hisde fcrip tion of Italy, 75M 4
com—um
M “
2 48 1,N
fift
gm, a fon of.Tonyhfion, 16 5 .
t enaeu s,
A u dley,Q 0
1
6
] Oi 2 3 (i“ It
A u me rle in Richa rd II. 100.
A u ftrra 1n King john, a fl ed'
hyWinlt‘
one , 2 2
Baker, 8 p aviou r,: a ndza cormc za éi’tor,”
Ba le’sChronicl e , 167.
i
Ba rdol p h, 2 41., 1101i! l‘h
Ba rring ton, 80.
Barry, 8, 13 1, za
i
t i‘n . ) ,1
“ his Hotfp u r, 12 8 .
hisHe nry IV. 179, 180.
Ba fla rdg-Cc ene’
inzaKing johnffi 1 it "
Ba tt l e ofMirabe l ,Bayea
’s
. g rand dance ; 2 3Be cke t, 2 3 1.Be l l amy, (Mrs) 2 3. 0 1
, 1; ,nrin L g nu
‘
Bancroft, 19 5 013 ” M
Benfield, 18i
Q‘a’lK aim 1~
BB otfp tn
~ fdr-Fdfia%}12 5 ;'
137.Be t te rton, (Mrs.) 2 3 5 33 .a - 1
w1
Bird , £86 . J m
Blount, 1136 ,
Boheme , 146 .
Boling broke a nd Richanrh 1 1; 1
‘
(Lord);his chera éha'
r, 11 2 32'
ane cdote of. him,. 1440
;
a nd Q xe en El izabe th, . 2 143 .
Bornanimfii'l 5”
‘
13‘1. f ‘1-3~
the Contempmtaryen etleriortu pLary’
e d the Ch.
Julius .ins thévf Se cond , Harvell-Mew the
Fou rth, 160. if ; , a 1E1n r
Booth’sHotfp u r, 12 5 , 14g ;
Bomhtam‘
iCibb'
ea, 1'
”
Ea t;a nd Ha rp er, 1 5 2 , 1 5 3 .
1110 11
—his Fa lflafi‘
. 138.
Wi lkes, a nd Cibbe r, 1
“ his Henry Vlll. zook'
zoé. 2 2.5 l. u r o wiqiv
‘I-j 7d “
a
g o?! Bfl e tltfifi
g sa 1 N D‘E x !
Cha rafie rsof Richa rd
v
II
7
Henry IV.
’
ofFra nce , Charles 11. a nd Lou isof He nry IV. 177.
Cha rles V_Emp e ror ofGe rmany, and Fra ncis I . King
OiFra nce , 7 -5 8—a nd H e nry \
7I II . of Eng l a nd , 196.
Chiva l ry, a fp u r to noble actions, 1 10.
Chrztl-Chu rchCe llcg e , O x ford , 2 34.
C bbe r, 2 , 3 5 , &c.
his va nity, 2 ; 2 93
qu ie t lywithlrawshis P a p alTyra nny, whichwasa play a lt e re d from Sha kfp e a re
’5 King John, 3 .
why irfe rior toMa ck l in‘°
tn P a nc u lph, 2 3 .
- his a vice difre arde d byMrs. P°
ritchard, 2-h
°
a a l te ra tion o King John; 19 , &c.
no frie nd to Jonfon, the a fte r, 172 .
— l1is"andu p h, 2 3 .
—his lin esdcfcrip tive of the Pop e sinte rdifiion, so.—his a dmirabl e a ion in Shallow, 171.
—ca l l3 himfe lf a n 1m1t a tor, rbia’.
hisCa rdina l Wolfey, .
197, 206
a nd MofIOp criticife d'
, ,2 2 9
Cibber (Theop hilu s,) the Son of Col l ehis p e rformance of Pifiol, 164, 16 5 .
her LadyConfiance , 2 0, 2 1, 3 1-
32 .
Civi l wa r, 180
Cla rence a nd HenryIV. 1761
Cl arke , who a fte d the Groom°
1n Richard II . 199.Fru m -the original Filch111the Be g g ar
’
s
-his°
emp loyme nt 611 the fia g e , 108.
a—a- a necdote ofhirriand Rich, ibid.
—re tires toHammerfmith, 109.
Cl emen t VII . 2 14, 2 16 .
Cockaine , (SirA fl on)hisVe rfes nHu nniemanl,
’
nu'
a ftor ofwome n’s p a rts ,
183 .
Coria t’se x p l ana tion 61111 fira p ado,
CPX’ ‘SgCranme r, Arc bifhop of Ca rite rhu ry, 2 12 , fl 7.
Cru fades, 115 , 117.5
Dante’s
” Inferno, 3d.~°
4i
I N ' D ‘
E X.
Dié lane y 3—not e x ce l l ent in K. John, 5hisRicha rd [L80, 89.
e fa g u lie rS , (Db ) mficient'
in c a t- lang u ag e ,De vil,‘p ictu re ofhim, 1 !
Diodoru s Sicu lu s, 174.
Dig g es, in Woléfcy, .197'
Dog g e t , 171;
w g lag-Gawin , 17fia g e
-bifioria n} if.
Du bl in, a rchbiflw p of, commende d, r
Edward the B l ack Prince , 87:E l e a nor, (Q uee n) he r Characte r;
‘
13 , 1- ~i1er re a fon for p re fe rring K. John to A l'thfl fl
‘
j fi.
13 5 , 18 8 ,Eng la nd moi} 1nde bte d toErafmus a nd
' Wolfe fv, 1 2 3 3.
E3351)! on the cha raéter of
Eu rip id es, 12 3.
Ex tortion of Richard I I;-H—e nry
> lll. a nd j ames Inibr’
d .
Farce bridg e , viewmg the‘de a d bodyof
‘Arthu r, s43 1 ;Fa l cone r, 175 .
Fami
a fl“, «a nd hfiimme nt rivaisfrz 141
1
- . and Hotfp u r, 1 5 2 .1
.
m fu p p ofed tobe the fame withSir john Cldé’
aflief f.
1 18.
” his fu p e riorwit, 133 ;- feve 1‘a l afl orsof- this p art, 137, 141.
f
.
va in a ttemp t to re fcu e 1hi111: from the cha rg e oF‘
coward ic e , .1 5 1, 15 213 .
and Sha l low, 170.
- 1a nd'
Hip°
pocra tes,Fa rme r (Dr.) and Mr. Ste evens, 1 17, 148, 149. 1
andMr Toilet, 2 3 2 .
Fe rd ina nd , K. of Sp ain, his characte r; 2 16.
2 5 2 i: I N D E X .
Foote , 119.5 4 5 ml .
a nd Ga rrick , 1w: :
Fofl e r, 173 .r ,
1.14mi?ail
Fra nco; Philip n afl ns, .6 6, .hisrchara éite fi;Ln9 . 5mmifF re de rick , Prince of Wa les, 1
H arm‘h
Fre nch fa fl lions, 2 07.
x,1 n ew
Fu l l e r’s ch a ra ct e ro re en Ka tharine f v'
z z t .’
Worthie s, 2 17.
charafie rf,-
z39;
Hip pifiey’s, a nttTafi'
qe ll’smp f e fe ntar
t ion ofhfimf2 41" 3 5 3 ? ,
3 Mu d
M fu fp efie d of t re a che ry , 2 39. 8 5.
a nd Cranme r , 2 40.
Ga rrick , 8, 2 1, 30, 143 . t
infe r ior torTomaWa l ke r: in Far]cha va ft
t rifl ing :
h is
G ‘
t i. t fi111_ f
I .‘3
f l)
ffl’ l 0
George“
I . a nd
Gifi’a rd a rid Booth , a n a ne cdotic of, l 2 5 , I 2 6.
f i , 11 1’
GGre en r oom fcu ffl e , r30, 13 1
GroominRichard toy.
Hale mimicke d by Ga rrick , 4.
H a l l am , (Mrs)4,
hertz/d d? confifin¢ e , .S, 2 0, a 5 3 s
he r principa l pa r ts in cpmedy, anagtrag edyr, 5 .
he r de a t h , ibid .
H a l l am , the a ctor ofA ume rlefiamimitattop ofWilkfi,rl% ~
Ha l l e r , 174,r a s: . tE .fl j
‘ mu s"
H aml e t, 1 5 5 .
Hamme r, Th eobald, amd'WIarbwton,.
rzfio, L.
Harpe r’s Falftafi‘
, 138.
” w e -Henry VIII . zoo,
2 5 4.I WN D E X
Hip pifl ey, h i s Ga rd ine r 111Henry VIII.Hippocra te s , 174Hiltoria Hifirionica, 18 1 a .
Hillriorr a lfix , byWil l iam Prynne , . 180.
Hoga rth, 16 5 .
Holbe ck , . 166 .
Holling fl re a d, 69 ,&c . 81C.
Home r s O dyfl'
ey,a p afi
‘
a g e comp a redwi th one 111Rich. I I.
Home r a nd Shakl'
p e are r 12 4Horton, (Mrs her gre a t beauty , 103
laying fwithfirolle rs a t Windfor, Mid .
fier ff irited a ddrefir tothe and ie nee x ce led byM rs. Pr i tcha rd,he r coqu e t ry , ibid .
refufie d a la rge fe ttleme nt, 1115 .he r d e a th , ibid.
Hotfp u r a nd Eteoc l e s , 12 3 , 1 24.
his d e a th, 1 5 1.Hube rt in K. john, chara ftex Of, 3 2 , .33 , 34, c
the a ctors Of th is p a rt de fcribe d , 39fce ne be twe en him .a nd A rthur” 3 2—36;fcen e be twe e n h1ma and the king, 38
Hume . 2 4.40. 173. 2 04re fu ted , 2 3 1.
Hu nniema n, 18Hu rd (Il a ) a nd Mr.Hume ,
diflike to the Thdor1 8-his love a nd rcg a r lfor Shakfp e are , 189,
- a nd la d Stewa rt 2 11.
j ame sInte rdifl of th e pope d e fcribed, 5 0John (King) refig nshis crown to the pop e .49
a fecond time , 5 1.h i s difire fs, o5 °h is cha ra fl e r, 60, 6L.
01111of Gaunt , 78, 79 , 170, 241ohnfon.(Dr )4445 » 48 78, 13 5
,
3911Stceg cns, 115 ; 15 9.]Oh
i
nf
t
'
o
i
n,
I N D E X 2 5 5
johnfon (Dr.) his difiribu tion'
ofl certain'
1i11es in the
Se cond Pa rt of Henry IV. 1
56 .
Johnfon, (commonly ca l l ed ta l johnfon,) b ise ction 1111
of Gaunt,Jo
Sha lefp eare , 15 5 , 190.
1133 5 833 11118 , 190.
Jonfon, the 1161013 1 7, 172 .
I ncid e nts conta ine d ln the p l a y of He nry VI II. 2 37.I t a ly inSha kfp e are
’ls t ime , ga v e fa fhionsto a IlEu rOPe;75~,
de fcrip tion of, by Afcham a nd Baylé, iéid.—byMa ch ia ve l , 76 .
K
Ka th a rine and Griffit h in' He nry VIII . 177.
he r re ce pt ion of Wolfey and Camp eiu s, n o.
a n a dvoca te for the p eop l e , 2 02 .
not pl a ce d p rope rly a t the t ria l, 1 1 5 .
he r cha raéte r, 2 2 1,a nd Cha rhsV. Empe ror of Ge rma ny, 2 3 5 .
Kempe ; the origina l 216e of Sha llow,
Ki ld a re (Ea rl of) 2 09.
King John, 1,th re e playswriten onthe fam e fuhjeét, r.
firtt p u blilhe d in 16 2 3, 2 .
re v ive d by Rich , w1th i ts fu cce fs, a nd an
a ccount of the a élors , 3. 5 .
p a fl'
a g es e xpl a ine d , 6 , 7, 12 , 1 5 , 16 , 17,2 1. 2 3 . 2 4. 2 9 .43.45 . 5 0. 5 1. 5 3 3 ,
54. 5 5 . 5 7»conj e étu
r es conce rning the ; p fl nctp a l a ctorsin King j ohn, 6 2 .
among Sha ltfp e ar’s tra g e dtes, 63.
Kings t h a t v iol a te t he ir corona t ion oa t h difcharg e th(obje ctsfrom th e ir a l l e ia nce . 36 .
ofEn l and confife red London as a p l ace theymig t fa te ly pilla g e , 106, 107
Kynafion, 146 .
La cy , a p l aye r ofFa lfia ff. 12 0.
not me nt ione d in Gibbe r’s Apology, 5 5 17.
wrote thre e p l a ys—Hisde a t h , zéid.
la te manag e r ofDru ryLane, 12 6 5
2 5 6“ I N D E
.
X o
Lady 2 6-101: and;Noah-umberland.La ngbaine , 120.
m ama.13431» 5
Lew1s a nd Pa lme r, infe r ior in thn rince ofiWales toWi lks , 147:
Lincoln’s-inn - figlds playhg nfieLoa ns a nd Be ne vole nce s, 2 02 .
Long Pa rl iame nt f‘ofi ds allfilag e
lp lays,
Love ’s 149 .
Edwin, e original p erfOrmeraofiig‘alfiafi}
180 1815 182 , 186 .
Ma chiave l , 76 .Ma ck l in, re afonswhy
whe fl lqlllql ae t thaye a ttcdé’apl
Ma croblu s, 2 42 .
Ma gna Cha ng . 331Ma lone
Ma lp as Lord, rep e rte e of,Mande lfo, 136 .
Ma nd e v i l le , Dr. 79.
-109Ht 0£‘b m .
Ma nny , SirWi l l iam, 12 1.
Ma r lborou ghand (31116 111.Ma rlow, 2 , 34.
Wrmiqn.‘186~M3 5 09Ma ry que e nM UMMafiing e r, 2 8, 143 . fr ;Mm}.Wires, of.Wmdfonfi nd 11111161025 .Who—alarm
.in 111 3 39 .
Me z e ra y , 1 5 .
146 .
a t tempt s Falfiafi’
, 138.
h i s de a th , ‘78 ' 1 1 1’
11? e"! t s
Mil ton, 2 3 35.
Mi lwa rd , 1711,
2 38 » I f N D E X.
Pe te r of Pomfre t’s 37.
‘1 1.
he a nd”
Au g u fiu sof Fra nce , his eh
‘
ara ftem{ c ha rs . u i
'“
ll. bulb a nd of Q Ma ry, 88 . é—I~in the t
'
e condp a rt ofifiie nry ly , lhisfxghar'
afl e rr
n
P l anta ge ne t prince s , 99;” f :
ct “U n
i" ;
P lu ta rch , 1 2 3K 1‘1 1: xi
iifi‘iwv‘
g‘Pol l a r d, 186 18 333 1131
Polydore Virgi l , 19 2 me g dorm ” .
Pa p e, 13, 160, qu l
the ce nfifre d , a,
d efcrip tion,hisinte rdiftion de fe ribed ,
5
Porte r, (Mrs )her qu e e n'Katharine
,
2 06 ,
Powe l , (Georg e )" his intemp e rance , iid.hisFa litafi
‘}
“
138.
his—Henry. IV. 179;
P re fl dny Ari-
e xtra ct from h is Cambyfes,cga ins a p enlion from Q , El izabe t
Price , 2 00. ,I
(Mrs)imifl‘
ed by Col l e y Cibberya q.
he r Lady 0mm“;3 3 °
he r qu§ ,Ka tharine in
VIIL 2 06 )81623
r afte rs , 104.
a nd Mrs. Port e r , 2 163 ,Prologue to Henry, .VIII . . 19mPrynne , ‘
180.
nail, a n a ccount ofi,it , 1 8,
i
1 q.4 4.
0\uin, 2 5 , 171, nook j
h is joke onMrs. Ha l l am , 5 .
i
hisOpinion of MrsCibber, 2hisfa rca fmon Ma ckl in, 2 2
h is King John, 30.
p e rfu a desG a rrick to 1)hisEalfiafijj n sljle‘nry
I N D E X
Q xin, hisFa lftafi
'
in the Me rry Wi vesofWindfon,and G a rrick, 1 5 21, 1 5 3;
Ra le igh , his p re fe rence of Henry VIII in wickednefiri
Ra pin, 41.
Ra ve n’s bone , a ccount of, 47, 48 .
Re fl ea ions on the d e p ofition of Rich a rd II a nd theufu t a t ion of He nry IV. 112 .
Rehe arfali
z 5 .
Re ynolds, (Sir Joihixm) 39Ric h revive s King John,
fuil'e t for a n offe nce wen B‘yNa t. Cla rl1e , 108.
Lincoln s -inn fie lds in 171 5 , 138,
Richzirdo
ll. 64, 113; 44.
re v ive d a t Cove nt Gardenin 1738 , 6 5 .
has no com ic cha raéle r, 66 :p all
'
a g es e xp l a ine d , 66 , 67, 70, 71,172 . 76 78 97
1fome nes a p p l ie d to the t ime s Sir Robert ‘
fiiWalp ale , 86
pofe toh a ve be e n writ ten a nd a fted e ar»fl
lee r t ha n 1 5 97, 6 5 ,fome e xce l l e nt l ine sif the (cane be twe enRich a rd and h is que en, 102 ,
Ill. 2 02 , 2 44Richmond , (Cou nte lsof) 177.
Robinfon, 186.
Rome , a ccount of, by Oldca ftle , 168.
Ryan, 3 , 3 2 69, 72 .
Sa ck , conjeftu res conce rningScroop , (AScru p lesof 2 17. 2 18.
Se ga r’s ou r, 67.
Se rvant tsof God, 5 04
Sewa rd , 5 8.
Sha kfp e are , &c. 39.
a nd Rowlcy, 1.
Shahfp e are ,
I N H E t i“
Shakfp care .many, Of his; bellbe“: pierces“farmed onftheground - WOrk/fi f.
not a Roma n 1 :
a nd Be a umont r
and F l e tch e r compa red , 5 8 .
an a dyoc'a te fog qivil, liberty;8 1, 82 , k81’
s,Signinfe rior ito h
'
imfe lf,d iffe rs from hiftoria ns in h is a ccou nt. of
Rich a rd the .Second3s de a th , . 109 , a nd
of: Henry “Us,figknelfis, withdhemca -L.
‘
foniof
'it,and
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Vol ta ire , 166 .
h is a g e a t the wriiinga mil’take of h is, a
,u
m
198 .
h is hil’torical p l a ys, 301,
-1—,a gre at te a che r ofiaétors, 2 2
h is chara fl eit af 03?n1
Shirle y,Shaw’s Tra ve ls 1nto Africa , 15 0»
h is P alM s 1140.
S iddons, 14Simfon chofen.byGarrlf kftoplai ola’éifl .Eal¢Qflbridgfil
Sk191ine r,. his conjegtfire ;conce rning 1135 3 136 .
Sm ith’s Fa lconbridge , 63 .
Hotfp u r, 12 8 .
S ta ge mutine e rs,St e e le , 12 5 .
g
Ste evens, 2 1, 2 9,1 18, 12 0, 12 19 31293 1141 . 5
130
fu p pofe d to be u nde ro
a mi ake , 47,
h is ju diciou s'
refioranon ofi a p afl‘
a g a ; 132 .S t e p h e ns (Samue l) 82 , 83 .
Stewa rd,“
(Lady Arabe l la ) 2 1Stop p
‘
ela er,
2 62 l N-
D E X .
Vilion of a n elsinHe nry -
:VIII. 2 5 .Volthire , 12
g, 71, 1 16
3
quota tion from h is Z a ire , 116 .
Walker , the aoriginal 116101 ofMa ch e a th , 3 .
e xce lle nt in the cha raéte r of 11“a lconbridg e in‘
King John, 8 , 45a ne cdote oi h im a ndRoma n, 2 5 .
a nd Ryan, 69.W alpole hhis d y ing p re diélion , 8 5 .
a l lud e d toin a fp e e chin Richa d d l. 85 , 86 .
iW arbu rton, 2 27.
a nd Slee ve ns, 12 0.
Wa rh am a nd Cranmer , 2 18 .
Wa rton, (ML ) 118 .
Wa rwi ck , (e a r l of ) . 2 ' o.
Wa te r- drink ing , the . efie&sof i t ,Wife for a Month , 5 8 , 5 9, Sec.VVilks, his e xce l lence .in the Prince -of Wa l es, 147,Wil l iam the Conqu eror
'
introdu e e d the p ractice of buming ou t the eyes
i
in En g l and , 33.Wilhs, (Mrs) 2 38.
a nd Tl1e0philu s Cibbe r, 2 38.
Wilfon, (Mrs ) he r Fi lch commend e d , 108.
W ine , Fa lf’tafi
”
: a u d eDr. .F a lconer’s op inions o f its efsfeéls, 175Winllone , 2 2 .
Winterlhu ll, a ju dicious a fiorin come dy and trag edy,hisde a th , 124, 12 5 . 146 .
Wofiing ton, (Mrs) a n ane cdote of, 3 1.Wolfey, 196 .
hrsimme nl'
e,M—venues, £61418: 2 24.
his cu nning , .2i
g 3.
ma l ice , 2 09.
a millake , 2 08 ;-
.and the du k e of S uii'
ollt ,fa vour with t he king dou btfu l , 2 24.
be ha v iour in the bu fine fsof the l QfQQ.’re fute s tod e l iver u p the gre a t Se a l , 2 2 5 .
- a curiou s a rt ic l e ofimp e a chme nt ,a ainflhim; 2 26.
2 7 hisp refentof a fool to the lug .w
.
1. N
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2 63
1\Vsolf'
ey, ban’
lhed to h is dioc e fe by Norfol k , 2 30.
arrefied for h igh tre a lbn, iéid.h is d e a th , ibirl.
ambi t ion to be pop e , 2 3 1.lov e of l e a rning, a nd encourag e ment .of
( l e a rne d me n, 2 3 2 .
d infiru élions for. the maile rs of . the - fchoolhe founde d a t Ip fwich, £5 121.
fe lfilhne fs, pr ide , a nd cru e l ty, 2 34.
fu p e rftitiou s and v ind ictive tempe r, iéid.
Wome n, more in the E. Ind ies tha n.
me n, 174.
Woodwa rd a nd"
Y a te s inf alllafi'
, 140.
Wriothe lly, 5 2 39.
Y a te s. (Mrs) her La dy Confia nce ne arefitoMrsCibbe r’s, 2 0.
(Mn) h is employmen t forty ye a rs fince , 98.h i s Sh a l low, 172 .
York in Richard 11. h i s cha rafi er, 87.a ndd sa nca
'
lle r, fa ta l difp u te s be twe en t hol'
e twohou fes, 111, 112 .
York-
p l a ce , the refide nc e of Ca rd ina l Wolfey, 2 33.
Z acha ry , (P e p e ) 90.
Z a ire , byVoltaire , fine p aifa g e from,