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The worn-out w ither.Badly bad:to day,Site by the fire and talks the nigh t away,Grieves o ’

er the wounds, and tales of sorrow done,

Shoulders h is crutch and uhown how fieldn were won .

SAME

4 vale. Pu p. 8m, 53. each ,

ANNALS OF THE WARS OF THE NINETEENTHCEN TURY , 1800- 16 ;

Including Min t “ ? Cm u crm of the (Iow an s of the R1 ."

and An n a of every Nation within that period.

C O N T E N T S.

£63511 ! ”cflu Sa bin » mm IntoNeutn h ty wi th Fiance.

$0. M ic “ Na e-lat h ) .

Comum at Kauai-ch bo

Lame" “

2“ m m“

ta ta

N . The m fl m y and“Jourdan: cm the

as. and. of ewww

gun n ermtim hu h toe

88. 00100 “ w “ o o 0

36. NavalWar

36. W“ inm m ! o 0

86. The Awhdultc d a nces in{om m in“ GeneralJourdain Battle OfAmbmvv37. Bottle 0! urt lmmh

38. The t Troop withdraw t ow n the N ina,and Jounhtiu dod in hh

39. Mam a “ m m WLatent , and drive. himbeh ind the h er—Battleof Ffledbng .

40. N orm a n ew the bot hand the"lot and begin!

a uwém éou‘ p-d'

m m m:

on the F of KMMl:

42 . Bettle of Bihem h43. Mom peeeee the Val

d'

Enfer tn the Black

44. M e of Emmendingenend Slicw n Moreen

crosses the Rh ineBunnie

45. We: in I y—C omhete of

et

58

Revered»yand Cellieno . 59

45. Boneuerte fell: on Wunn o

oer in the Velley of the

Bren te.end drim himinto Mentue .

47. Nevel War—The FrenchAdmiral Rlche leyem te Newfound d

48. The Combined French endSpenlehmam commend

MediterteneenThe b lends of Con ic:end Elbe are ehendonodh the Britieh

49 . Ac one 0 ! Ught Sqtmdroneend Stale Shine .

60. We: tn ltn y—Grow lAlvlnxi edu ncee far the

Relief of Mentne .

bl. 1'bc Three Deye' Fight etArco le .

Wet in German -8 leguof Kohl end unninh the ArchdnheC

n t of the Frenchet Bentry Bey fell.

1797.

1 . Reflec tions2 . We: ln Gu mmy—Sur

renderot'

KehlendHum

Elma to the lmportelll o

3. We: in M y4. Colonel Gu hem (w ere;

from Menu s. end napeA lvlnzi tn enotherTend£0, “3 N i“ 0 e

5. Battle of Rlvoli6. General v m defeeted

and taken

7 The Panel Army defeetedbehind the Sen io

8. Nevel Wet - 4 05m of the

“ A

Droih do l'

IIommo”

88

74

13. Wer'

in Italy14. Bettle of the Tegliemeuto .

15. Prelimineeiee Peece

khan;end defeete

Rhine

et Nenwled end defeete

Wm eek e e

19. q nee Veron ica —M

et Kehl

the French — Coon

3

ll

. H

PAt

9. The h Fleet defeetedh

s‘gghdohn Jervie of!

epe St. Vincen t .

l Cepmre of Trinided—Peflo

are et Povto Rico .

ll. Deeeen t of the Fu nd: inPembrokeeh ine

12 . Li nda in the Bride]:FleetHelen e end the

euce of Oeeoe . h

2 1. Deeth end Mill Chen owf el Hoehe . i

2 2 .3"q l

2 3. r Horatio Nelson h eelen An n et Tem ifle l

2 4. French Neu lSneu -ew e l

2 5. Victory at Admire! Duncan nVfl

' tbo Dutch Fleet

Brltleh g enetic!» et

Lille fell 12 7. Revolution of the tea.

aFmetidot

n eeiOmar-JW e men O vetlm et Perio

Mi litary Che.

at FrederickW illlen om eele l

Peon94. TheM rh fwee the King

h f Serdlnle t» ebdieete.andmarch upon Naplee 158

we . 194 2 5. The Brideh takeMtnoeee . lb.11a wlth e 2 6. Navel WM 154

t Expand“ lends 2 7. ColonlalWet 158et Killele

1 799.

1. Chem annet ohtelne Poeou of New“

2 . The Second Coelltlon

mlnet France3. War in Gummy—The

Fteneh croco the Rhlne4. Wer In Swlteorlend- Lo

combo unto" the Gritone

5. (30t of Ootm‘h6. The Bettlu of Stak eh

Tho French teem» theRh ine

7. Warmltely8. Bettle o a eno

9. Wu In the edltemneen

at Corfu fromthe enoh—‘

l’

ho Rue»

elem end Tumtell etA neonn

10. Wet ln Egypt—Benefi t “

mm heo into Syrle11. Bom

serte tolled by 811

81 ne

gSmlth beforeat.

Jm‘Am .

12 . Wet ln Indie13. TheBrltloh edvenceegelnet

Tipped 801mm)14. Bettle ofMellnvelley15. 81050 Mod Ceptm

’o of 80

hy peb t tn - Doeth OfT1 e

16. We: n luly17. Bettlo ol

'

Ceeeeno

111. Snwn mw end Meleeen terM11.“ e e e e

1 9. Combine et humane endMen ngo . 193

2 0. Bums-vow eaten Turin 194

gil

tgn

ainiflwtl

'net lmd 195

en one « 9mmLunlenetlrc he?98. Flgb t et M 10”

94. Combat et Wlnm thnh

PLO !

Tha eeh retbn

Zurich

rich2 6. Wet in h e] —Meed

ehendone eplot

Lord Neleon m ule e Ce

pltuletien wi th the N ee~

politen k han- Eu cti

t ion of Pt inee Gatecd oli ih .

Nevel We! 2 03 52 . MWet in 1

Bettle of Trebbie or

Sen G iovenni

W t of Sen G inlienoA lem ndrie end hh n tne

surrender1

1231“ d N

gd'fithe A 11»

.

dA e~

m omPiedmcn t

36. Snm derof'

l’

om to theRea-elem

We: in

The Teri : en An nyet A boukir. end ere de m

11> 60. Wer ie lmlte—Dhoondiehmo

391 Britieh S i p-11m to the

Holder- M m of the

4013731

°

oer-pn'

t et

Battle of Beq en erAlhmeet .

41. A6eir et 1{eetfieem or

2 31 64.end

2 33N eeeene edveneee lm he

yin“ the M W

623the Arehduhe. wto dri n n heck

The Amhdohe ” b len dby l ee-eh" ewe-meteere-e the Au

The Awhdnhe eveyW the Um 10. d 9“

Sum eeteu m

. 2 07 fi Wer on the Rhlne . fi2 10 54. War in ln ly—Bettle ol

Ocnele. 2 11 56. 85ego end 0qnere ot An

2 13 eon.

56. Ren di tion of the 18thBrun ette

V100” e e

on ”111m Memoir ot’ BeenBen. Wan n er. 0 11 A1

vinei M EN “

the 2 7963. Milieu -

y of V11

h nw oyenee, W e.

end Pa rk .AM of

pm 0

6& Mllltery Mead e cl the

Fen ily ef Rood. Ad

m am am m. w68. M ary Home“ at Sit

Sidney Smlth ,don of the Nev, of

Ot eet mt teilt

M W ‘F :

TH E W A RS

THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY .

11 W e m utton or u vermi n—2 . mmm m over: w e

u n u sed—3. vu e m mut t —4. cotton s on non -snow s, mew

en to, m o , um uounov t . —5. nomrm e mu m A raven 1 0

t he sem en “ mun—6. n o (rename ms Ann acnoes w e no.—1 . W e: or w on - 8. DONAPAR‘I'E m ans mu tt—9 . u : m

t om e»tn mu seum 18 m DOWN 37 m e rumou r - 10. Bone

u m m elts-me uw cto n o m e Amos—w omen am ass 1m

n ew “ . w e ram m om rnsm tmu tm onm e nope,

fi e em or mu ss, n o w e ow n m s or row an —1 2 . w e

m ew a m en Leononn Ann run errant“ . op mu m,w em a y un true—13. wen mm axim - 14. com e A

'l'

M um - ens eosu umemaven ACROSS m mam— 16. eon

m m m —IB. m enu . Jonnmm nntvxx am t emcee m e

samb a -17. mm onm u m—18. osunnu . uonnm enum sm

$61 1 A? um ennm mm ename— 19. An u s A?m eans.

comm oe sew n —2 1 . an e w. Ar st ern um—2 2 . Aru m.

n M om- 2 8. m e aven ues 8mm "n o vacu u m" warn

8. Tu F uses; m u m : Gu n man.

of the M in

8. Wu ; m In n .

m m of Loano bad induw d the Austrian Council to sandEpo. Th is Genefmm the Em to

authorities clfil

3, ami nomoney in themili chest ;

a nd the cavalrywcrc almost amoun ted:without tents. equipagca, magazlnco, or

ab le to outsmrch an enemy fromc hand-quarters of tt w m y had

He transposed them tu Savant on

without a momen t'a delay, m their

Voltri to theColdi Tcmlc. A lncugstAngcm u, Jcubert, Mam as, Ber

lmown to fame. Kcllcrmann commanded

men upscoed to Carigntwo in Savoy.

and We! He hcdmbeen in it and about it

circumferencechord. 8 010113would have to

pct-dew , price

b! an hum. am tho Bonnie] Laharpe w ith mother forth

n u n. ” d ammit“ ! the lcft flank of thc Imporh lintu ; Curvom«flirt! righ t flank um Finn ; and Coats and BenMirth “ V“ to threaten the rent. -Thc Austen-Sardinia

M in-y m d aut u mn Scu m-tor dcoccndod upon thanYt fiscub hfionbu iiico, and w as on the righ t from Mont.while tic mn icin‘Cmicf M od a w connuiu nco up to

M a u vy md tooh mmc post commanding tho camp.h r the» cim ml tmcn , dew

-min“ ! to withdra whis armr int tvuchvd dnri tho night, leav ing only s cm i

in tu cindul01’

n , m in the morning he had alt-midnmm at the confluence "f the Tamm i and Cum gi

‘

h

h r Bciicgurdc ra ting on Vico. and the left under “all

pic coma-in; tho uppmaciwc to Mandowi. Bun n rtc it

to all mum . immodintciy puohcd altcr the minimScu m-tar w mat to

‘l‘

to advance m in“ Bollc.

i. w ha t. in mu ch u! a ford,mo tho stream and m ehad thewould tmt follow h im. Scu m-in ,

tit-MP

at St. Mich-i, b ut wmon of some hnmiw ic 0!up by Coii i, wan w idcntly

the n omont was critical.h im to emmit them, who

made on the Suc

w on M u nch: to the attack in tha momr thnud m any fled. hc indcint igg hla Gencrnlo iuo

l nu iy dispatch“ ! Sw arm on their th ou , who camei m y wt Vice and drove them headlong into Mandowi.Ruh r: 0mm Bichat checked the pun uit a mumcmt at0! MM which he dcfendod stout!” and Socrat ic:

to coi l Fiorci ia to hi aid to m ail it. In tim w q

thin bravo Picdmontooc 0 00m l loot hi. life : th is did»

Mu m who forthwith God ; and Guyccx now h ingm e time with the Sardinia “ , Coili mu gin to get

in hu h m oan tho Eiim and to coun t an M O.

partw ay

he hnd tnken, end the joy ol the French people knew no bounds ;y one neked who m the yonng conqueror who-e fame hed hnret

M a dden”, and the Councile appointed a pagan iéte to V ic torywear of th is hxi li inn t commencement of the campaign . But

pa te had done more than si nned troph ies ; he hnd secured b

centy that was now entered mto w ith the King of Sm‘dinin,try pounce-ion of Piedmont, as a base for his further operations,he pceees ion of the Serdinian fox-W m gave to the Republic

030 of the Italian peninsu la an the side of the Alpl .nerd Benched at N izzn received from theMarquis do G inrdini,unpa id minister at Torin, the astounding in formation o f th is

tion of tite Snrdininne from the nilinnce, nnd was roused to n

m “ of action by the in telligence. He determined to beWith his enemy and to get the ceded places into h is

whole atten tion to the parwhich the Austrians were atbrid having, “ has beenthe iedtnonteee fort there.

detachment under Rmeiin ideprived of their Sardinia !

Ab e Imperial “ my still numbered th irtya ix battalions , fortyW e

,end seventy guns, besides a reaerv e park of fifty-three

M ary. in all. between and men ; b ut withM “m of the Austrians, th is m y remained inactivea 7th, to occupy themselves w ith some field t adoubtam the towd in their rw to f’nvin.

Q. Rost ru m memes ms Ann y ACROSS m e Po.

t est h is limbe,Mm enn

the con

Lodh whm on

“ doug h. ordered hit

7. Pa t t on or Low .

Cu ni on the l0th.endthe Adds 3 he sent theed to the command of

well. of the town andthe brid

ge. Bonaparte hhnw il now led forward

of inn : immediately

the heed of the march.andMao-one, Berthier. Cm oni,head of the column and cer

https://www.forgottenbooks.com/join

to 1.0m m): run D0“ . 1 8

dom eW at Milne to di v ide the Italian command

y—tho oo 0 men to be placedunderKi llermnnn.whowatch the A on the Mineio.while he was to proceedao ther

immediaw

lm dn

n plledmb teatin

and Naplea.

'l;he t

ri

bi

imphant cou

lnnnediatc pro age not ropoaltiouu: and ltupoiitic,and byM

mto give the outlawcgmmund to

lanu rather than forego thc advent» that the Republic hadgabu d, dividing the command themanner proposed ;lu ne time 0 intimated his intention of driv ing the Austrian.iar out of Holy and into

A

the Tyro i, without further regardingleas e! the flim tory . , therefirre. on his own Y lOWl ,and up fromMou nds-in and

n

ortona the urge-train,and gaveno to General Donjuuoie to open the tr‘nchee again-t the

It! “ nan. “ aoou ae he wu in a condition to do ao. Havingin? t

han matters, the Germa ine-Chic! quit ted Milan for

l 2 6

M ano-non m Loa n er is our DOWN or run Finance.

{in three hours, hu n t er.of hi. quitting the capital. the toot incoded in Mi lan. Pav ia. and all the adjoining districte. andmic, excited by the anti-revolutionary pom.noeembled and

mm the tricolour, and every whcrc root “

Bathe trm of

which had been planted by the republicans. junoie cent

lately am Bonaparte, who w ithou t it moment's dula tookm aml u battalion of grenadine. and marched open

re n ot ordm to the Go vernor of Milan to mine a umnher oon hot of order,

he d him an his clergyA t the came time General

M d ponéc to ln ei tbar vving of the Fronch aflnyM wfi h nm ly m m on the lipper Rhine, in tbo

M d sw bm oppmito to whieh Gpenm-

al h tonr

Em il With nbont Imperinlisto, ex tending hin line u fitr

fl am ingen .mdt the £ortified plaoo ol'

lngoldntadt toi fil tboir m

Gonna: a: Amm an —Tan Ans-n u ns nnxvmcmuonsrun Lu te.

opened tho campni by send K

por on dte evenhtg of the flog ofyb hy, on tho lat of dune

Mme-ne m at od the Agger, wha-o b fibu enooontered m d

the A nstrian advnncod gnard nnder Kienmnyer ns far aa

“ a wh ich ph ce the li‘renoh got poaaeu ion ot

’

the brid

m dny Coflnnd pu aed the Sieg

g‘z‘rMeindorf, aof the Austrian posi tion on that river. Upon th is theUm ber-g assembled b in am)» «PM in the among poniof Altenltirchen , having General Finoke w ith mOOmen to pro

hil h ft nt Nemvted tm the Rhine. Kleber renolved to attack

w mthinpoé fiomnnd aocordingly ndvancod on the -t th at

h t bo mm ing from Jnngrath , General Lefebre landing the ad

l upus: the intrsttchsd cam at Manheim, which continued asthe ligh t lasted, and at m ight the troops destined to malte

are“ marched away from thence towards Strasbour

that they were going to join the army of ghilh

ye

,

set u nans were m-dercd for them all the way to

m. On the evening of the 2 3rd the first di vision arrived at

mand St. Cyr’s cut-

roemarching away from the army before

same n igh t, fol wed m the same direct ion .

passage of the river was to be effected by l?,000 men at

who , and by at Kohl. The men were divided for theinto four sections, two of which were no iselemly got in to hos ts3 little river Ill beh ind Strasbourg, in order t odescend w ith

Defl ation in to theRhine ; one of these was to effect a u sage

haheim scrum to Diershcim. wh ile the other was by s mostmonstration to draw away the attention of the enemy from

of attack. The two other sections were to embark onflmmd to makc a rcslattack ; ths one was to desccnd

land of Ehrlenrhin, while the other section was to land on the

Escargots, and cover the formation of a bridge. The Imwere so scattered in their quarters near Kohl. thatg General could not have assembled under forty-eight

snfi cient to repel attacks made m such force, and thewas only occupied by a Suab ian con tingen t. Abou t half.

t General Dssaix gave the for the advance, and 2 500Pod tn silence across thc arm the river to the island of Ehr

which was immediaw occo by the French . The cannon

lasattaclts in thsmcan time underod loud en ough to awakenand turned away theatten tion from the real pomt of attack,

cans fell upon the few of the enemy’s troops thatwith so much impetuosity, that the Germans fled

the left bank, wi thout cu tting the bridge of boats that

next cmbu kantion ; so that when General Stein , who comt ire lmpcrialcamp at W ilstett , came forth wi tl1 6000men tosh u dm tt rench wex-e alrcady in such force cn the left

morning of the 2 8th, when he was already engaged with

r. The imperialists were so covered wi th woods and lacedi an m iuenoe that their force and movemen ts d not

seen.and the culrasslcrs o! Kavsnsgh having been lancedthe French rlght threw it in to some confusion, “ that Seaw aymenabled to assume the alternative. Ho tnnved a force, the

m at which were cavalr to ss-sail the brigade of S t. Susanne,republican cavalrymat emanddru vo them before them in tolo, andm elted some Austrian art illery which they can h t init way. Dec-six in the mean while had attained the raft of

V! pol itics: at Oberhirch. and overcame the three Austrianon lot! to defend it.so that the left of the 1 being newed. Latour ordered a retreat across t Bench. leav ingsand some "100 men on the field of bat tle. The Austrianw retired to Stollhofen and their left to 13t Meanwhile

under Desaix and Fer-inc. and the

under S t.Cyr.who was yet, however.somemarches in arrear.

2 0. Conan or lim iter.

the Rhine with hisdctilcs of

paint.

W hat] united beh ind the rlvcr hi urg twon tour hat

squsdm s on the t thn nd ou the omtbe oi them . “ washut a few leaguesdistant at Dormer-helm and

magazines. His Impa ial Highness then gave out crdm ior tbemarch . This commenced on the ldth ss l

’

ar u Wayhim wheuhe m d two dsyg aud thence his army proceeded ou the mto He ilbron, across the N eckar, leaving a c onsiderable force to comStu ttgacd. Mu n-can was not strong enough to push his adv

but allo w ing h is army some days of gave orders that tmof Kohl should be put in repair. in n or that hemigh t retain it ashis base.as wellas ai r the passage of the Rhine below that

of any revsrse :and then taking hismarch down thtre and left divisions followed after the Austrians.

2 2 . Aru m AT H i st scn .

Wh ile themain body of thethe Rhine. the corps of Farina

Austrians in the valley of the UFribourg, and crossed

The Imperial General Frmlich had drawn his hire“tween the El: and the Kinzig at Ettenheim. General

Lun ch. the corps of Coudé occupied Ettenmunster.

Genera l Wolf,who was at the great bend of the

Hunningen. now abandoned that post. and Laborde, wwatch ing him from the opposite bank, moved up tbWaldshu t upon Lake Constance.

2 3. Tne‘

Sci su us am m o Nsum tm w ire

The Imperialismwere at this time vby the detection of allhastened to declare

from the Archduke’s

nr nfi cm and dit

zchovsliers ot the order of St. Lou is. The

W en t was, truth , a mere affair of feelin , but not the

tter on that aesount . Moreen now received from the

tn fiend MM men into the Tyrol to possess thetnselves ofI, ald fiie operstlons of fienm l Bonaparte.

Tm Fem A im cum Jouumm csossm me Rum .

an the Archduke Charles quitted Mayence to re‘

r to the

m H igher Rhine.he left the command of that u the Lowerw ith Wsrtenaleben to o pose Jourdnin and the French armyM itre and Mouse, w 0 had now recrossed the Rhine andad the left ban k between Cologne and Dusseldorf. I t was the

y04 the time to defend the passage of all the rivers by many

detachedand scattered divisions : thus that and

m on the Mayo ; men on the Sieg 7000 infan try000 cavalry on the Lshn . To Pinolce was en trusted the

tatien of Non and Werneclt was at Idstein w ith 4000 foot

mm J had therefore little diflicult in

g aming!) these tachmen ts. On the 2 7th of one

ed from Dusseld ,and on the soth passed the S ieg (irenier

i the Rhine at Cologne ; and on the night ol the 9ud ol Julytin, with the divisions of Poncet, Bernadet te.and Championp aentsd himself before Neuwied. A t two in themorning the

the French crossed byin the island, and sur

two battalions,it had been taken an

while the French with

, and Lefebrewassen tm ore

he side of G iessen . On the

and on the 9th BernadetteWisbaden . wh ile ChampionWerneelt

’s cave! on route

it with a loss Ibo men .

Kray commandForoheitn.a small bsstimed

m in tbe osntrs.

2 8. A n n e Ar Foucau lt.

“ 7th Kleber"saved to attack his adven ary. He directedm M his div isio n and Bonnaud

'a cavalry to an titank the

“ w h oa-b iteBer-M otto shouldattack themat Hochstadt.

d eb u t on this sent two bdgsdes fnun Scldamersd-M un heas” Kn own“ alter a sharp con tesn in which the a h were

ribs 0! the enemy in the direction of Willa -odor!t he lndnesd li ray to ihll baelt . [ash lar- in lilto n iannsr

amendmu d dle Wins-mt t omenace the righ t flank, and (tutland

Ney ander hhn attaehed Wartenslshen with w h i tishthe plain abnttt a heim. that notw ithstanding the Aus

m dslendsd by a bat tsry ol'

tourtesn M i litia Gmeral

t i t “ W arm on Nurnberg . Ney immediate emi ts

“ outdo o t PerciPercheim. wh ich was garriumed y the” t ithe

m

m m rg.rg and the Go vernor Baron

W idth piecestmonnnon and some gw dmaga

ls gsltsnt athtir. to w hs had so pre-tmmen tly eun

m m m ed Gensral ot Brigada Jourdaln m ntnsdthe same evenin

g.

u ndebsn now retired y Lao!upon Ami anW e.“ ,m m

h aub w df m oW on , n Go vernor. with Roeelmioi,W ok, M a rina. Belle. and Starich i comm udin

fem mu! redonh te under him. To the ram ican

m confided thew nduet of the “ 0g“ , who cm the«hm land (wh en in t he Ann-trien lwm tha Fort St. Georgeo ,p

;l

°

e

§dautum n -y but diowiy, ow ing to the want «i f tu m-port.ol Jnl Wuhan-w i t h much a eat

-t ie from the aide of L0mm as ma n ager reached the gerrlw n from

WWW ,mnoh nci

Jthat he [m i taken thecommend of theVif theW , andm timing for their relief.

80, ”m an Woman va cuum n us Tu m.

M itts-t of V jmtly aim ed at the the m a

hi “ amm o! t n oopem de Beeolicu r, a vetomm’

service and upwards of u vent you . of agemm trillMl «if on , hut when mi an y u puu thn;hitherto at an d any gm t celebrity. DuflnJuly reinfurccmenw N ew pnurod hate:the) Tywere hm mhlod mar Trmflo on the la t daya"f

t

Accordingly cm thu "i th hefrom the “ unm et ,andmm

hed merehed with tweh ty t hemlioneend twm ty'three equnman the oppeeite ehure d Lego di thmh , am t-e

M imic}; Lu iguen w ried ageioat m ho was

the fighg while Shm h amohed hy Klenw at w ie.find hhaoverpowered.elwo retreeted.end here the Austrienn toek

m adm ble French detachment, w ith two generate m e! meemeere. Sem t eveotuelly mede gw d h ie remet eu Dou mBeneperte reeeiwed et the u nw dme rq aorte lrom hath hie lin

teneme ei the edvenoe end progm uf the memy. u d it ie a id e

tor the mnmm t overeome wi th the ettddenheee end ex tent of t

m for heeelh d togetherh iemierele te comnlt whether or ee

ehmxld w ithdrew across the Po. A ll the germ-eh except Aug“ !

recommended ig tmt the Cmumeeder-Generel did not “ Free-e

at h is mm. but like Clive et to medifice end coh emlt h ie m itts. In the onum of the night

termed one ol thoee greedm -Iv t im wh ich not only eatrieeted ltrem hie pefiloee eituetionmut hee hnm tehu d hieeeme.

31. Bossu m u m ms Sims or Mm e—An n a A!

Lomro .

Bo n w thet m dividing hie etteek m either eide omLego di Gerde end the M

'

hed luid hhueell em to be et tedM

imi?“m “ m "“if; “

W W “

cen tre“ is oh eepem , tmt be

it m thet he ehonld et ouoe reiee the eim dmM u crihee the mew iel he hed eolhseted ior it. Th ieM /I

e wngJ or it m e mm nt-ry tfimuph ap hm him. 3m mt m he lu t e iidm mr m aw w n lym n d w qthe tnmeiwe md hmreh up in ell hnutu to i‘om lu Mm :

AW “ wi th the W e were forthwith tam ed cm M in

All theee div ieiom cm ed the Mineio in the eow of tln mthe aOth. end wm eeu -mhied et h m to end hleu echhme, u h

they eeme a needw ovich , who hedmhed uh from meher li tenen hed tekeo h. Geom l Gnm a in tln n gd eh -tMW Am-M hed hm w t nfleJ Selmho t hed t mtute e bcdlding thm in which he etmumh ttehwd hlnm t Se!run ” 01 0“ with all expedi tiou from W o unn lh wv hil fitenan t, and w ith his aidW u a! Sela w e mo men t 1

Da isey eim dy advanced to M att

m ' w Chim w give hie hend t o the W it hu i uh the utlwr

fith Gn mona and Placentien vae non ordered up to threeten

w el lhe lefi of the Marshal, wlto un the 6th had assembledmen between Medole and Sella -inc. Mam a and Angom e

bruted up in front o f Ceetl Ilene. and Kllmalne‘e cavalry was

in reserve beh ind the ri i t. The lm ial army rented its

the hill of Madonna ensits right on lferlno. Bone art",a to glee tltne for the arrival oi l’iorella. and m was mefrom the enemy.made Mmemanmuvm to occupy the atten

hieedvm ary.while Wunm r. felling into the same error M

W lied done the day before. felt h is my to Ceetel Venn «in left hood of the French. to uncertain whether he couldMa te with his lieutenant. Btmeperte calculating that Flomet ha s arrived near Gnldlsnolo, now moved with twelve

M m not the men to let e heetett «mom etnpL The Imperialm ay had drawn n in order 0 battle behindMoi re

-st ing lt rlght opposite Peso hat e on the hi ke. On thewee ordered to march to ruleo the blockade of PeemA advanced to Borghetto to atteclt Wurmecr

,

11 em 4 himself at Velltig in ; but while the Austrianid the pee-amof the Mlnclnat is point Men-m a [melted on

lite rim W M hlen , hle advenee led by Victur e t the

1 his demiobrignde, and tank t‘vmn Generals Beyalltch and

m gum and 600 tit le-otters. Wurmeer, therefore. replaced“ h the garrison of Mnntoe, which he raised to the

inf ! M end {raring thet he ml ht he cut of! from the

his own retreet on Itlvoll. ither he was followed

u phnn d‘

and destroyed the “ Mah d the tiege, an d though he

had la met he expedifimy he u rried ofl'

widt him h hthu

‘l‘yml eome SOOOmiw nm-

s.

The tide of mecca: which hm! t om y followed the armiese!the M ob Republic, and condemned their m miee to u

overthrow ,was accompanied wi th a retmgrude wave to the Rd

t han that m to the full u destructive to all the M me

it the same time expedit ion tho Dntoh nettletmmtelt stout in thv West India . n the loth of April a fewl. under Commodore Pm , and transp ort; w ith 1900 menthe command of Mn General Whyte, were t ent n hunt

aEeeeqnlho. and rblee. whleh enrrendrred ea ly to

arm». sew-va l richly laden merchan t va ne wm cepn tha t walnut“ . The m e are of S t. [mole mmthe muttto he at tended to. On sum o f April Reef -Admiralm with a eqnmlron and tw o-porn . aboard of which w e e

body of troop under the command of [Jenn-General Ahme, Mood errnee from Berhndm to that inland. Alter con

ile oppnelthm from the batteries. the flrat division of thenu de good lhl landing on the 2 0th of A ril. On the fi lth the

man advanced to tho l t tnclt of come ChAhOt, Whlt'h

andwhen wlth the lost of thirteen ofilw reandmen lulled,m ea ty wounded end inlesin An etwmpt to dielodge the

M e truth at M on that 3rd o f ny failnd after I last.of nmtrlyemnnn t, Mud “an ther nttempt on the i 1 th wan eqnelly true»

wi th m mtltiee to the tox tent of 180men and nfliom bu t at

on th e 2 4 th th u unruly demanded harms. nncl on the 2 6th 2 000hi down their arm: and surrendered the inland. Both m vlcee

Min uteman on thi oocnelon with thelr usualprompti tude and17 . and the a llure “ tent-had their lendm ailman with their

m ore” to entnhlteh batteries! on elmoet Innocenelhle emio

The Brltleh lone in the en tire ennqneet was about 000 at

en put hm do combat . On the 8lh of June the lehtnd of

mm m attached by at M e caneletlng ot’

rt of the 3rdand the 49nd regiment. and them twepu ell on the ou t»

filth each determined hrevery, thn t the re nhllcnne toult refuge

e Wale. when the GovernoroGenrn l arinier druired to

n o on the 0 end 700 men laid down their arms to Geneu lw him The n! the Brltlah was 88 uthom end menmod “ 6 wnnnded. A mt u ndlng and hueh-flghtln war was

M Dean tlntted w lth the Ghartha In thla inland an I the clone

when 6000 b lnclta enm ndered to General Hun ter,we transported with their “ milieu to the lehtnd nf la tten. ht

eeiler, end he reeolved to ettempt to ent her ont. Although nnmfor the Cepu in w u he pm in n ch undem kM Sir Sldeey hhed f em med the emnmmd d the t end in e ehofl epece oflmM t the elighteet em elty, m in poeeeo ion of “ h \femgetnBut her w ily Certain out the a ble of the ves sel, which .

long wa

gno red.“ length brought up nearly ehm et

Gem . ir dney cheer-ring. ” daylight hrohe. thet m a l l ea

were coming ont o! Barre to u temgzha m eptnm dewunined t

to deeert hie bn ve eompenim in t boeu in their pvrilone eia

tion, end therefore wunld not return to the “ Diarnood,”

ee

might here done. but retra ined, tending an y ell hie wh enc e

M m . A m iety of emall craft filled w ith troope w on a

rounded the but Sir Sidney best 00 3 lu ge mnet firet eame ep inet him, end e fnrim ion munot

met, ch iefly w ith mmketry, but no breeze wringing !

and h ir opponent incrru ing ev moment , 8ir 8idney m w

m etered.end compelled to sun -eu himself amean".w ith eh !

twenty or th iny men w d ofi eem elter hem tourmea kih

end seven wounded. Sir Sidney and n w idt h: at the new

Wrigh t were sent off the next (in to Paris, placed in the

called Le Temple ea ere etete, where they wereW ealth end a tm tmen t et the hande ol theirmm in the After two yeem’ m finm t the

Summer-repel! ” m o t e Fr-eneh ofim nemed l’hilippqreturned to Englend in Mey, 1798.

On the 2 1st of April Cl ptein Sir Edwardhm the “ Reveln tio

nbt

;e

iln

”endher

6mm

eeih whiM a ble, 44 when ieeovened o sheet -stu ng»after A cite-e

,

“ fifteen hours. he reached, and brought to eet

etha of thetrf l

nf powder tleeh endeomhnetlb lre te eeeiet her inM el, and till“ now ex ploding many ol the

overboard end many were miner-ably hornedden d wm efill however more nnmm ne then the erew nl

M erin o the letter etrnolt her dog . On the 2 7th thed iet-ma.

"M.Ceptein Tomlin-on, chewed the brige venohe.

" 1 2 . from oil Seilly to Uehnnt. end hed e cloeo

ol hd i en honr with her ew id the rook. ol the du j our.maven, the French commander.no well neCaptain

‘omlinw n,

Me end experi enced am nion , end much tkillwen ehown. end

na tion nu de on one aide to run in to lim i , end on the other

Met the of hie o en t. The eet ion w e fough t ell

i ntmn n lee re tim venehe et length, nl‘tor e nanta t

intent“ . hauled down her colon" to the “ Snflhutnte.”

on one then wnnw iml. On the 8th ni’dana there ep ered

605"

ehipe of mu ,wh ich eventttelly row to be

time“ Prim ate,"do.On in Prvrienx, the rihnno,

”30.

Mon ieton. and the emine."36. Captain Frndon.with

mm Legéro,” 18.Lieutenan t Carpentier. A 7 coming on,

W'

pm tron: them, but the were h iad again3d, Cnpte in Thoma Wil leme, endthe ” Ste

M 86, 0 tpteln Byntn Martin. The Mgetee now hoietingto end one of than: n hroed penden t, commenced e

ad wello it'ected fire from thtdr stern clien t: on the Bri tish

riled m y. After the “ Tw in lied tired hoe broadsideSte W in .

”which the letter judioicrnely en ded. th ie

eutnhetente wen t oil‘ by themselves. enga ging w ith epirit for

0 “m the French eh in etrnclt her colon". The

net"

5the fete of her com ion. crowded teil. pan ned

“ Dolmen, who ite n

r’:rnnn ng light for ten home , when

run e comm of ill llli the Britieh nhip ren "l’Mung.

her eulewnniet. A close notion commenced or th irty-five

it when , on them ake cleering. the Tribune wee observed

m a

g‘to m m the Un io nrn'n atom, and gein the wind

Th» tic-h Mrte then in the mount m eterly manner, h

mile ehee regained her wtetion , end threw in enhroedeidee ee hronght down the mu te. end pnt en endmena nvring. The tire of the French frigete wee now

Lend ehe wee com lied to surrender. The Captain of the

en received the ononr of knighthood, and the flret Lien»were [mimowd to

Pm r inc"end

but the ornwr we.

the Britiuh frigateand tie w on no the

the 2 2 m]. in tho tnl

Apollo end Dorie,“Capteinn

leo etrnclt efter the exchenge o! e

tinder Sir John Jervia wen crnieingwee iii-covered workin under theThe Southetnpton.

”2 .Centeio

guard of Ben edetto:andwithoutmuch difficu lty o vercame thetatookM on o! the Trnniup berg. The French Generalnha el

convinced that he hu l to do w ith increu ing fares , sent notice a! i

Jourdain, who immediately determined to wi thdraw from the N:

and coneetstrete h is tumpe at So lzln ch . The Archduke on the i

advath eatl Prince Lich tetwtein and Hot“ to N enmn 'cltflnd Nauru

m pushed {aw ard by Knetel on Amberg, H is Imperial H igh:

gave strict arders to Wa teneleben to heap vigilan t watch over

m m in his front nnd at the flmt e penrnnee ol'

n remto orm the Nash u a! follow the eh . He ootmnto him h is enem a and future inten tions, end desired. ifmthet he would debouch on Rental on the 2 4th. Wthe 2 3rd perceived that Jcmrdein had pu t his park of ertfl

cevelry in mo tion , and thvrvrere made all hle armamthe pursu it. A t eleven at n ight the French division: at Li loCollund, Ga utier. and Clutmpiunnet ha sh up from thuir positionthe Na sh near Schwartu n feld, and marched a n y a nAmbu '

gSu lzluech . A t break at! day o n the 2 Cth Ku y md Stu ck-r an tu adNa b and h ull-med close h pun their heels. Hots»had on the i

b reed heck Brm do tte through Teinih g, and the Frmeh en

retired by Altdorf thmngh the mountains on the r-md to Li nt.Prince Ltchteustein. w i th two battalions and sixteen eqnedm e.

amt forward by Pu t-shener on the road tn Kornberg. with order

secure that city and the road to Wnn bnrgh . Some tigh tl one

an: day between the Archdnlte’h trw pe and the div ision o f

at Ursenlmlnt : th is l’rrh eh Gw en ] had been sent by br andendeavour ta gu t iutn mummnh ia tioa with Bem dotte. hut Mitt!obta in tidil at him, he was now exub erant-ht to gain the oh“

that led to mberg , when he was atte nuators ! y the Aw hdnketian he had teltrn up at Kennel. Bo th sides we“ I

the stren th of their advew Gotten ! Dema nd. hever, w ith grout juggmrnt. refined to m nhnlm,

where he

a le-hirevmcnt w ut h im by Jourdan. end thence fail Io nAnthem. where them w e an exceedingly st rong th e he]

the V ilz, havin t lw town in (mm ; Clmmpionuet , wit the edm

gnu-d, orct tpwf a mill culled Hau lmnhl. at the gu t

-

go of the UmAmmarthnl. and Greater «occu piod the ground haltittd h im, 1

most da roan poet , being h imu lf wdon l by soni c stu rdy rook

preveh All further “ trea t tn his tronpe. n erpting in 1 nor

single file, and thnt on the same reed which General Collw d‘e 1

eion must also take in order tn retire on Sulabueh . Hen Joorihowevcr, de termined t o set hle forces. ncotw ithstnnd the mu

g(out. of the ponitlon.and areWartenelehrn detern tomu chHe eeu t fum rd Katy an his rig ht, who made himself tu m dM inna-berg. cmumn tt tli ng the line of mtru t en S h imNa who emumnttdu l the m rguh rd. bald hack tho Am mat k it-u nlho l

'

hy h is firmtwu . thnttgh the French w as“ ! 1

Archduke; however, wah ld not permit Jourdain to «settle

lo hlem het merehed emdily oom d aod paau d

q m thw , asoae mthreaten to paee the halmat Wotelar.m a t oyi Navy on the alert upon the right Ho tae movedM em w mdeaw nr to pieru the French lhie il blo at

e hm uemean m now hn non to oppme h m. li n ylathe on the l6th near 0 where e euneldcrable

m un. in whleh neither yarty m enceeeefnl g hnt lh therena l Bonnaed. who had

'

eo frequen tly dletlngulalted himthe French army. had hie thigh hrulum by at rmmd ahn t,H ie died W e day altet'mtrde. GeneralDnheeme m aleo

wunudetl. and much luau expefiettcod on both aide-t. Theeatn go of the balm,

W p yat tempt on the followi

ngday and carried bo th Midget.

mg n Mu tt th bh utfl'.

adotte had before thie been ” my

Jonrdoin to roinfioreen, w on an he etw the Anatrial intention. but before heat th e aaeienmov ofMarceau that General had been forced

3 i i i

5

:

nlw , who

rby way of Hw hrn berg on the 2 otb. visited the expiringand din cmuat

uutfm hh

h

t

ivmhh body eheuld ho aun t

aeeumpa war to t wh arm3 Cu telvert , that am. ot Limbonrg

fwna ordared to

y th utaheuer on Nouwled, and to w eep and guard tha t mewh ile GeneralPomet, wlmmcceeded to rot-en

’s t

'

mmmo nd,Jo the ldt heath of tho Rhino at Bonh tm the 90th . The

M W Withdrh w the whole of h is army tw rmn the S logW W‘W General Bournou villn arrived to superemlfi h imW ahdo itlvehid . The Mahdnhe having than m ompliahedeat again“ the 1 e o! the Swmbre and Meme. heartened

M t o the h eh. to au iet hia lietttenant Letonr egainet

b

M U ant au aoawn Lat omt , mo m m m ammom —Ba'm.a ov Fmsnnatw .

M u w om an com-4mm mt n u b n tw [O

guard hle llno ulmereh eculuet my hu ult he mlgmrevolve fret!of F

‘rtnllch mlvunulug l

‘mm the ehle at halt 0 1

Mt ltle whule "a?

” mm- ed to the rlcht buult of the l)umw lwd upon the l lwr. ttu t wlthuut e have thet he could withouthoulty euuum utual hle huettle luteuthma a'ehtet Muttleh and Vlt

41. An Ahm tt lt Coup -mu ta te on w as Four or i tem. mm

M mutt an the Archduke [wroelved by hle unm et et the hat!Wun humh tlmt there wee every pmhehlllty of hle

roe-t meme

unw omllnu, and thet the eltuetlou «l ”em u wadh at ueeeeeh

euoh ao muet obllge ltlm to e rephl retreet. he m eldm d th

malewatermelon ul the fume-e 0 ! h eld would add gm tn

l‘remdt (h urrah perll, ltt the dlfllmlty ll would preeeut to hhm eeting the Rhine t oceortlhtgly, he hem of Mt m'tlet' to Get

Petrm h, the Governor o! Menhelm.to eeutlGmm lMauehflnuln a hettnllone and eleven equedroue to at teelt the Freueh GetBehm'h who had hem » left wlth three hattellohe and two I

drum in "m mon at am t-d . Scherb got tutelllgettee at

lnteuthm. and cm the uluht of the 18th a! Beptemher hu t“,camped towarde Rentedt. wlth the htteutlou of eeeltlug [mutebehlud the t elu umt r Kubl t ho ammuntered on hle

A nt-truth eu tupw lee ut llmmhuoh wlmm he “ w e. hut Imttth ht hm them he turned bl. way men an m m. m t:munmutered n ether hoody veer Mllhllm end bed to met-nubthem. but t retarded by then two 9 eelte. he m elted thet i lt and men He found the cert

-lent:ludlwulu the mot

'lte ttt tltttt pleoe. but they were fercum” ted. «tru t h hed follmeed the Freueh “ W h omthe l8th [tamed the Klnelg end the St’lt lttttml' ht urder ttttlttltttll hed ltttrettt'lmeute n! the litedo m the M e n! MBnh tlhvlm3hut he h and that Behet

‘h th hledefi ehmmtM Wa lum ”M an the rluht heath uf tho Km ‘

l’he Madm an

m dred howe ver to attempt to carry the by a an y “He avalled hlttteelt of the hm ! ltttotV

‘

h-tlp of mute e! the pea!eflho tmd beeu e loyed by the l

’reueh t w whle e eelmnumoducalm of Salem (ha-Inn. trem the Klimt ahd tttt he M l

httu them m celled “tho beet ”Inlet ” net her eeht ttttt, net

on the med from ti ttedhrlm. teeah home-elm; ah th e elilm whlthled,mmrlugmf the right elde u! the Kluelc.Meade-duped»M

e. The ettaelt “QM ?“ tn hm hi lty amen ded.and am

of t‘tmch euvah' e leh m In the term had dttlleulty ln M

Hzthe heldge z t e mmmteudm M the M emo hed been nu

bu t no one had thought of hm lttug dawn the ltrldcemRh ine g the «hllmme, ewelthmt n thelr datum w alled them”! t ti nder ommmttttdufflonm l30h“ “mumna iled hatch m m the rlver. and l W y led by M l 8M

getued th e horn tmrk end tm h Oueltuland altMemen pelmWW ol the M1 mm aleu m lfied mum andt utt bea t en lo the mum my the w ho werem m m

Hm (I! nmm cu.

or alu ms. Tho Imperiulh u thomfnrc worn com,4m oflup t he “ May of the

41 Dam n ow Btu -won .

Naumdnrf.

him with “an (m um of hit m y. The Amtfltm"mmL line. after the mm of tho 30th. (from Sohuflungcm,w ho the M m , when ! Km (l! commanded w ith uh

I. and m: squadron».w Bo la-m in fame of Selmm uriod.m tho out p of Mammoth: with have" ar fi gh t

an aim man hunt , having tho corpn of Cam“ in

u Wnu-umm . Guam ! Baillc t wan in the centre in fromm » wi th at: our ” n u battalion-n and twelvemundrom.

ii. (an .mada m “ .an t han , 0"!q flgluhogmun.

Dd .WM mm mm, WM qulto (“ M in d u !) themile!“ N o of

“ in and hadM N m»Tuléngvn, while Frmlich had movedm loft with about 3000 men in thanVon -1mm, On um

S t. Cyr to num b against Wm nflnUN other aide o f mu lake to haw kto drive back tlm lmpufluliuta into

I ! m BLACK FO IIKQ’

P.

their long mu ch” through moot int

dat of the very won t of wouihor. But

ltnpa luiici wu of very great nirength .

tho Black Faro-t. runs through it petu

til it mm Pflhnurg, when I morn plain

bank at the t in t approach“ it. junctionboth oltlm tho lili id in co tton-0d w ith thielt

do are tutu-oily nnd int b in . Thaw mit. valley of t u Rh ino : li f tti , the

Klum’

ngatt w ound, the rmul byin dry wonthur it in pout-thin to

and third, a mom fonts-0nd by thoFribourg. Tho Frunoh moved inthan ou tnmuniontlonu, and on the

French and n ude

and Multurdingon.

mu O t‘dn i‘nd hy the

lam and 4500 homewas pcmiml M.

an to

n onan tin upuy at Kondringen and «mainly the bridge. War

m wi th W olv or thirtoon but tnllonu nut twen ty throem tilt-cud upon Emmondingon. and Nuoondorl

'

w ith

ru mM id {ohm-it squadron. on t ldltlt‘clt. This In t. whenup for the attack3ninu in themorning.wao hhnu lfattacked

wit h , domaundlng the Kanda har came dawn anddnn

Ju nA ttent ion! t i Bloti bnoh and ou rlod t n 11 l nt S imomnnl .

m ini Om an i. who hu l pruduntly thrown nnt his limitingm m hi. advance in the march through th is mt tui i lltliluill

new mm d thm t on the M olt lafi . t General hm! not

the sum ” ca

ution .andm ow dml in throwin St. Cyr hock

W W W Nsuendm'i then ni t-cited Wnlddi

ldroh . and do

s. battalion

o

Buchho in to h it. the From!) in flunk. thuy Ml

weanlingnn. and the Aum'innu clean s] the

fit. a eh tu m Alt or. In liito mannaraw-on hook Bmugmyhn w cnrod t a bridge of Kundringon

in Villa” of Thmn h eron that flaw. i n this onnii iot the

hflonw nlm dead by 3 m m ball. Wnrwhulebou

resting h is left at Riegel, where Delmas still held his grooml, nnd hisrigh t in the forest of Gnndellingen behind Lsngendenzlin gen .

On the 2 oth, the Archduke. reuni ting the columns of Wortcnelehenand Nauendorf, at tached and sti ll further forced hack the French

right . Lotour found much difficulty in advancing from Tha nh ;

gen. and across the Klottcr near N imhonrg , wh ich he only euc

ceeded in doing t o the day closed in but a better and more com-x

hinted attack was made on Debone by the Prince Furnteoberg , andhe was driven ou t of Riegel. Moreen at length dom ined to

quit the field of battle altogether, and in the nig ht of the 2m mbe pansed Deeeix w ith his whole div ieion m m the Rhine to N ewBrin e, w hich done he removed the bridge. The rest of thenu mbed away to the Upper Rhine. The Archduke immpushed after him to Burlthei lu

, and Moreno too l; 0 It posi tion on

the 2 2 nd at Schliengen . He had however greatly w his («woe

M ean t-aim of Deon ix

’s div ision, but he was now joined from S ta

by Ferino ’s divisinn, wh ich was howev er closely

the Imperialist Generals Frw iich and Condd.

u . Bu n s or Enu nnmonn u rn Su nt an—Mem o cm relRams AT H ousman .

The volley of the Rh ine at this point is closed up by e chain foksteep heighte, of which the Hohcohlau, it steep hill inten eeted withravines itltd covered with woods, separates the “ ten t wby the rivet“ of Sch liengen to the R hine from those which flowthrough the defile of Sigenltirch to form the Kantia n,and is emhu ttw ee pmjecting from the range of the Black Forest.

of the French on thin ground was very strong. The left an lb.

Rhino h t S teinst tet in the plnin o i’

Schiengen , thru n h which will.”the great roadm end t hen ascends a range of ille covered hfvineyards in terraces. The cen tre of the French army held N icola s

eggenheim at the foot of the llohenhlem The right was covered”the Kundern, running in n precisely con trary direction to the othmstream that ran into the Rhine nettr Steinsttnt. The length oi that

'

tion w tts three lengueen n lit tle too much for the numbers of the

rench army. The Archduke was encamped on the 2 3rd botmNeueuburg and Mmhiheim, and reach ed to attach the republic an

the following morning by their righ t ; h e accordingly ordered Newdot-f to mu ch in the nighh end make s iong rw nd in erder that he

migh t be early on the ground to take the pnncipel pu t in (bu b onic

o i the nex t day . I t wns impossible to attack the French lel'

t end

cen tre, and therefore the only pm tieeb le piece to force them want to

eth nic the Hohenblen hy ihsleast stee ascent. Comicwas ordered to

w ho a fain t against St. Cyron the le of the pol itical. in doing M

he succeeded i n carrying th e vilh ge of Steinst tet. Lawnr edrmced

ngeinet Duhestnc in the conne cted carried N i dmdrirtn‘hack the cnetny to Licl, w here he cetahlished h hut eould ttot

advance th it her outil ehoo t two o'clock. Nanendort

'

had come in

the night and dielodged Farina from Sitt erinirchumd had turned

W a w t oi die h tw u fir hu k u aiedihtm The Fennel

0m m at mlttngen , while he got hln artillery andma UmRial-w h t aah-th u d tho-who le “ my finally arm-ad t

rid o! Hmmin in perfect orth w in the nlght o f the fi lth .

hym n ha unt retreat thm gh the Blnelt h’aw t,

Malaw i fur hhn n va'

y» degm of oolehrltys i t may beca ptain hm thut the W h nmprim the vent tractW ooded on twe with» by the Rh ine; and extending fmln

mvhm lnr n k eld end floube From it. loft mountainhut divide thew -liq ol the hlno th an the w it“ , theer Dw uhf hu in mnrireu. Tho foret t ex tend north wnrd

Ntvntm ,mhm th e tw o! enuntry of tho Palatinnte 0mmThel oppn lntlmt ol' Blnelt Rem it he. been derived fromwh o fem flth w hich the nascent-lm clothed. Betweeno hf lévlbonrg and Nunntndt, rinin ou t at the volley o i

'

the

le thal pm u lh d ‘flho Hellgi te lt‘iA vl ix mllmt lane, andhim i t in not more than: ten pm w ide. The French

in alt. wtetld lllteh the r etreat 0! Ma n n to then »!

mend hie “ realm w ith which it had no t ingle ellnructm'iutic

"m'lnt t that lmth wm rhtrogrndemovements, They «maidm to jhdgc Mhm n

'o reflect, It. lt ht admitted to stand, an

m ount, u the mel t emu nmmn to (ll-play of gm mlohlp inmi llw y am ,

by whleh Frame. rooovw od nn army thatlat one thna to he hop-lm ly b elated hi Bavaria. But the

m t he meat have his M of prelim. Such activityI he displayed ln theno very lntrleate mnnmnvnee had not

tncml for yum by my imperial 4W O? whom the A nllcla d w iounly Noemi at the head of

’

their sm i les, and

Mau ry critics mercu ril tut to thememum he toult to nmlnto, tho m ptlxm and em oti on of themwere solely his own,m the mm o o attempt that won made dnn

’

ng the

w to m the Empire.

W» m lu nar—Com m or Rovu nno t un CMLIANO.

M r had bean driven beclt into the Tyrol,met- tho

Math ew the h allo Councilmnt Genet-u] Lunermn em

i n . quality cl Chief of the Slnll‘

, to ” slot the oldMarshalWW W. ma emin ence. in the middle n ! Ang

'ttnt the

Bonm m u m on WW in ms Vu w w or run

M A, n o nmvun mu mm MAMUA.

w ee m im d Trent" on tho Olin. and tiwro loamod of

wt march with tho grant but] 0! ii i. army to Dan a-nun.andvidtw iaiz bud “ win d boillmi i L

'Avinioum i ii. high road

nu Know ing now that the army in ii i. from WM “m ayto him in numbm . in. on iy Miowml the ”no n a few lwarn

‘

t ad pla in him-v i! M the hand «I Vl ubu io div i-ion, ado

upon aidm m About nix in the w aning. li v inflow!‘A ilommno wi th All ina infantry “p m“ i im li vid” timimli

m m“ ! by w ar ahuuw iu known i n war and iiv imid’

od b a

bit hungry. “ o Mum at t in bu t! of iim mmhmw thb imon t ou “w it u ddicn. urdmi (ii rivermd drove (mail i ii oin w ith

{wa

rm upon Nmmnroii . whom» the par-nit

iimwd d“

m u. who had with “ tram! difficulty oonlimmi ii i. marchW M mmmtniml and i mate-ii on the ri in thank on! thoin mm ordormi to dam into Ibo vuilay 0 club lire-nu at

mid dim ii i.movomomnmum 13m m ,and on the amMu(innmm. oitjm quiuod Tram» andwon In fu llHi l l'i‘ilMung

n mud. but on tho 7ih A u u came fin eupuu than Anu

ma‘on d of Croat ia, M rimuimm, and wii imut hm i it i ioti

it «an n that narrow pm “ nl'

tiw “ N il“ , umi dw n tho-mlb “ saloon oi um gum and 4000 prim iwra. Wampum him "i (hit m um, Mid bi vmmoitod w ith ti wdiv ision at (Ti-mi me.

ital Wwww , with ii i. limdo

qtmrtorn. i md un i no fuvtim'

m o cm the uitimugiuN ount un w ith h i. a dvanced mmiand Vien na on i am ii i. way in Logumommi inn comi s flu u Mani c-indie. im t unic-d than do“ amt uppnur:rim:cm the ow ning of the t in that Bonaparte mu aiw ud MI, he piano-ti um div ioium u! Quau imm icii andw ha tnot or!

bmumuwm (hm tiir m uit of the comia t. (i n t in 8ihti mom W0 ropubi im anuoiwd i iiu imlwrinl pout,in u n it enn

ui Augvm u umi Mun-mm imlit i

'

cwomi tit-ivc themy of an , and wok t im gum i imi Wow mu ii iiuiwdii i ii» in“ Timccmfiu iou u i

’i iw mwmy on this inu

'i inion

mm . ice 0 wimlo 0! i ii. mmm m in was. oimimi up inm M than low . Tin Man mi. willi Sob i ilwmin l’f

'l divini nn,

H a fly wi th all im us to (litudriln “ml in cm» i im Hmnu z

«mph 0!M ariel:mu mi liiuniwd (mii i.MT.and cut oil’

l mud. 00 UN M m favon i to make ii i! fl irml into theiy to mu "if nil pow-r u! lii iuquickly in Plain“ and capturedin b i: march M M-mu gmmu.m Vlmmu , and th inking um

that city o n

w ar Armin.

oihio tam it too h iy tho amino that mmooiw d thoMao- 0 ! ito m en moml tha wand-arm ovtlvi ty wrthw t o momom‘

o "WM Hemopom continuod th an pmw ltan odour-try Mm ”mu m. into Montmt .M in i!“ you” M uralmould not root ow n hon , omiM Month s inoc moaning In it. mean. h i dvfouco byit to in m.ho ot 0mm hmtlght up ti ll hio “ rm to

Attmmtou on tho tam.tho ti tty altar ill.mtplttro all a.

hu tmt (loom-tw in tn pmvont tho «m omof “ i t! toldMam-hut

[to at! tho Po. ow lMaoot'mt wuto mcwml ln rwon i fmm Choldvomm on tho loflrooo ot hroolt of doy by tho an d tu naih Thirteen: battalionnoand two-h t otaoc oquodrouo at tho

M oan wore himmw iwdmttolths o fm'trooo ho twoon Loid St . 000m and how on tho N th Maw -auto. ottr'w iw fimu m ohorp fighting the Fm oh yum. (Mu m hw h

soot Thu lmporioIioto unch an ged. and with o i mp»

“d

o it' tum ”

TIM mt it oort io upcm i hvh’

var-grin tm rmmlvo on moltln it til mW adju ittih g the l

‘

m'tw oo.87” flW

l

awful" u i

'

tim l0th thoy ooliiod with thio v ivw h mu LoI’m't Gmrgo

'o. imt tho Frommwm olmuiy in homo

do, M agnet . no the t

ight. wao on tho grout ohouoodo

ima m; MW M in tho i tro. woo on tho road h'om Dunt o lit llo Mm od b um hio l

’ormorw ithin , and tw o

on m m lcd h o trw po, tho t tho aim-loam did tmt lwown ; Augw ow

’o divlolwu tmw tunmmmdud hy Go nna

-oi Boa.

loft. thm touhtu tho ohio ui i"m't l'itt Geomo'o. Wurmuor.

thio on tho oot'imto uhjuot of “ intuit. slant nut in coon»

imlit of iolo 4m» tu thin point . About midday o otmm

M ull-to morohmi wri t of Fort St. (loomv'o upon Cul tur

i tlwy mot Lin ton ! Ho n. Bo th portloo wm mmwarmlythio oldo. omi l

‘

n oh troupe 00min out from the “un i-h a.won . ol

‘

tov oemo thaw , ariomm ilto Teflon. Ao mm:noM ihn intention) of tho MAN huLhn hurriod up Mooomm

'o

lttt Duo Unto Mi ll mm hrd V iew ," thh hmui of o

m an F0 “ 5th M O. whiio Pijuu moved it) tho righto to titm um that mlmmuh imtion hotww u t im oltonio i and

thotho

and

momma or comm asm o m ow em s. 65

M M d —md tho xing'o fioom m t now

M w m the oim motw oeo cm thot should be mrha“ m u m m mm m m

to b vode Ctn-aicn b'om lnghormond coon

b io om fletm'olGeutiii. at the hood of tho cowl-price.

become thaw m inmflicimg or hom uther m m,

m m in deu ohmonto, the first of which ,W W M aw M oon, woo coo»

tho

u gh the ioiood onobocrvcd by the Britioh on ion -o. with

a w oW oM uhor m flM nnd iondod on tho i 9th ol

quiet nook. wimwe they immediately tou chedou t which they st ri ved on the 2 1a . i n

t“ood “ Coptoin,

”two 745, undue the

o! Commotion Ncb oo, who was occupied at the

a . Adam or Lion? Sq om ooo u mSwot : 8mm.

M e! A oo o oquodm of British Mgoteo under

Hon-Sit uat ion m omioing oti‘

tho moooh cl tho

pan to the m Aaatrian corps d’armee to unite at Ba-mno

3 against him b y the Valley o f thc oBt'tmtJt. Alv inri w in! in

a the M b , and on the h it of November the entire corps of

M ich passed the Taglimncnto and the Plan ; on the 3rdPro ven separated

Eand on the 4th Provera was .at Font»

Qu adsnov ich at 0, both o n the Dream. The French

of Vanhola. and Wultaaeovich

Bedole. diecomlitcd th em. and

tron to Davidov ich. when thewere obli d to retire to De la

'

etra near Calllano, which

gave muc encours omon t to the Austrian tro o

ps. llona

wlng well considers h is plans, new however m o ved to tryhe new Imperialist commander, from righ t to left, the sameit bad so well succeeded a

gainst the Oli lone from left t oright,

is. to drive A lviuai behin the Piave. in order to ascend theMd fall on the w ar of Dav idov ich.

rili h the French General-ia-Ch iol‘bran ht up the div ision ofll to Baa-onto , wh ile Mam as was diroo to move n n Ci ttalia advance some n ion the enemy under General iptay at

th o and Opitale. forced the Austrians to hi ll back. A l

medhttoly moved Proven across the Bren ta. and directed[wish to send two columns by Lenovo andMarostica on the

laser of Massena’a attack. But those troops encountered

u at Lrno ve, from wh ich they were dri ven out. and alter a

an t. b reed to seek refuge in the moun tains of Bu ttel. uaadaoovichmain ta ined himaelf in Bassoon, hu t Provera ,

Manama, was obliged to w ithdraw to the loft hault o f

M d to deat h ly the bridge of Fontaniva. The li gh t was

ly obstinate to prove to Bonn rte that he could not afl'

o rd

ny trimo pha in the numerica inferiority of his ann y , tor“ no da

y;ho heard of Vautmia

’defeat, and that Davide.

i made imaelt master of Trenta. li e therefore reach edM his troops to Verona, and retreated thither on the 7i h.

orthwlth trumpeted th is retrocesslon as a v ictory. althoo htolls-t that it was but a n indecisi ve action at beat, andfly“ detect .

“ (do vlch was obtaining more solid fruits of victory. llo

incited the French n o the 8th in the strong pimition at

mainta ined himself there throughout

had behaved ill at the clone of tho

On hearing of thin, Alv inri marched on the l lth to Villahan on the

road to Verona, ex pecting to give the hand to his lieutenant and if

three the Adige par rivefem . W ith this view he arden t! la id“

for the escahuie of Verona. As w an na Bonaparte heard of AMapproach on the llth . he sen t forward h is army the same afternoon

at three o’clock to Ca ldiero , driving back before h im the edm oecl

poet!»of theenemy. li e found the Anetriensposit ion.w ith their right resting on Colognola w ith in it

thea tre of h ills. On the lath Ma n na was directedright. and Angerenu to mnnmuvre on the left wingrinliete. The latter gu t pou eesian of Caldiem w ith

arrived an the

of affairs. Th

and rendered

attainmen t of th is 0

Commander- ia-Ch iefto Verona.

5L Tau THREE Dn s’

Flour AT ARCOLB.

Fortune n peered tn have deserted hernow pro to show himself worthy of her

nll hie farce on the commawmprmed

'

in the divieiune of

oounted

T

nnder soma

w t

gl

; This

.men. eon en t hie eepernte corp.

Mentne would their duty. he determined to W e 1

of 3000men under Kihneine at Verona. and with all

troope oo to mnnmnvre u to threetm them r of the tnein Amtrh nw hy . But it was necessary to deceive A lv inzi ol ther u to theamount o f (m e he left in hie from, and he to

Du idovich would not teat the etrength of the defences h

from his side. The Austrians ever lose their ndn n

treme caution and deliberation , so that mm when i!

Calling therefore to his aid ell the amp: that could be mu d WC

but there aredylteeto protect the country t’

mm the lnnndatlona,ml

‘which leadaaleng the Adige to Porch . and the other along

on rifl tlet at he junction to Arcole. A hrld waa hast ilymutaat Rem and Angel-can pea-ed aerate.may; the dylu nu llia

lm ole, where he found some Croats and Hungarians, wh omreW ON him. Mae-«nu followed (War the hridgo. hnt nmroliml

all, on the of thactnhanhment leading to Pot-o il.encuun ter

g‘lmen t at o,w hom he cut to pieces.and took poeeoeeinn

Vllla The m m » of envd ry under GeneralBennrevoir.l

ad-

fig remained on the right bank of tho Adige'

to

budge a enpport the advance.right and left , aecm'dlngmu tation-n. Follomng the m m of the AlpODJ

Ot l are c at

wh ole, where the poet read h ow Verona to teen“ panac

mam.

Marian hrigndee of GetteralMltrowelty and Colmiel Ilrlgldo ,in of twentysfimr hattellona, twenty-two aqnndrnna, andmine

been appo inted to watch the hanlte of the Adigu , wh ile thel the army mm hcd t n the M lndn of Verona. But

'

nat as

m in motion, tidin arrived from Co lonel Brigidn t mt theI liad crowed the r w r at Home in force, and had ob tnined

ton of Porcll and Arcole. 8halwn in his intentione by thee of thla intelligence. inetead of w avering in hie at tac k,bl Alv inaim t Prevent w ith eia betta ions, who were directed tnimmediately the v illages of Perri], An nie. and A lbnredo.

ed of Angermn’e column had.hnWever, already experienced a

etheelt M the hrid ofArcole. A t first the Cmnt detachment

made but 5 uht defence from t ome crencléfll bonnee.e lmperialiete con tinua“;

receiving reinforcement).now madet nhetinate reeletanee. lowever, it wee

“neelt or no th ing

illcane that they ahonld aneceed. and their generuleWee forward in the moat noble manner to encourage

mand tnree thelrwuym 0. Lanna .Verdier.Bnn.and Verne

the Austrian flan k , jnet as Angom o advanced across the A ipon ,the firmuem o f the Austrian line, who gave way : for at this

mm bamfimm who hod been ordm d up from Legnago , ac\~

appeared march ing up from St. Gregtai omhich gave reality toM echanic. “ armed the Austrians, and accelerated their reMaeecna. leaving a brigade and some cavalry tor the defence

toil, now came up rap idly upon Areole with the rest of h is diviM the bridgc b eing no longer disputed, debauched through the

r to unite himself wi th the army, wh ich had been drawn upthe Austrian line. Alv inzi. jaded w ith the length of the

it and bt v ing lost it number of men , and. moreo ver, ignoran t ofn o going

on all th is time against Davidovich, tnade up h ie mindltdn w h is army from the «mu tant. and on the 18th he retreatedtil h is forces, and established h ie position at Montebello. Hiet wo threa deye m eethna ted “ 7000 or 8000 men :and tofrom the number of superior officers killed andwounded amongeach. theirs must have been at least equal.attic of eeven ty4 wo hours

’duration is almost unparalleled in

It. But the ground on wh ich it took place, and the circum5 connected with the tight, are equally w ithou t precedent. The

[ bat tle was two narrow , diverg ing mnbankmcn ta, at the juncdrop watercourses, w ith an impracticable marsh betww n them,it was quite out of question to manoeuvre, or to combine, or torcavairy, or even to display much artillery. A ll had beenan inane by coneumumte boldneae. inv incible bravery, and on.

as perseverance. In bravery, indeed, the Germans were qu i teto the French. and proved tt at t he bloody bridge at Arcole,was well defended to the last and had the Imperialis t ComN l hief been o ma tch for Bonaparte in boldness, he mightInlay cacaiaded Verona before the action at Arcnle had '

ol»

e. or h is resolution and h it! pom vm w migh t have6 ovich to have taken it before the con test had en ded.

t feii between two stools, and lost the bott le from not poemeM ordinary accompaniments of mili tary success—it boldl and pereoveranec.

M e important victory of Arcolc was yet in the balance. th e“ so! the French General- in'Chief was much needed to assist

t wat-u nm e «( the Rhine and the Kinzig. w ith inu re

onb t wurlua, tron. de ion abattie. and o ther amuiintvenehed m pa hoth el e French and imperlaiietaM an

x:ho t the latter ti nny could not invent the

mac of aittmt ion of the city of Straubonrg and ita

the dde of the Rh ine. Den-nix commanded the French3 m atrenp huned by grand raduub ta at Sunthaim,

id Am and the Archduke on hia aide em b tiuhed

rit nt Ec Wag er, and occupied the whole mnn th oft throwing up [ism of eonntm ailation and in SN ringfor the aiege, an that it wan the night of the 2 at farea trenches an the righ t ban i:of tho K inzig. when he prororlt w ith anmuch energy that 2 000 win-a oi trench weren nernin in the same night Morena brought over itmoment rem Straeimnrg, and arranged a wig-iron; andtie w ith infantr and 8000 home. Three eroaaadr tha tiyin hr“ at trienatein. and ieilon the ” mi , “

1. upon the le t flank of the lines of c ountervalint ian .

I want an commthat the A natrinml were obliged torthcim, and in had Benaix furwnrd at thatwhole park of aiege artillery m e beam captured.

uhdulta, with the nu isance of "(mu-rad fromwine. gu t hie th at in order. and uaved three "doubts:a determined fig t uf acme htmra. in which Moran! andbe aide.and Latour on the other. were all wounded, thesated in good order. but without being nhle to carrymy gun they had “

tim ed.

new eontinned wi ou t nny peculiar incident until theall the batter!“ oi the beaiegera u nod at once. i ntontlnnalnortlea the zigttaga wove pna ted can hatweon thei tha Rh ine but the wet aeaaon rendered it ai lment in»writ in the ion andmat-ah ground.nud the rivers can.

timmi with their autumn the Austrian trenches, no thatm it became a w rhma queat inn, whether the aiege martbe abandoned. w ith t immerifiee nf all the artillery andN ever, ah the 2 7th nnd 2 8th the iiooda fell, and the aiml edg e that on the oldyear

‘snight the imperialiate were

m tit the redeoht called de Trou de Loup , and after a

m ar ch the part of the French to retake it, theyh u nch “ firmly in th is:important pon e-aim .

men the French, aitar t had named the Rhineflyingn hdulto’a advance, tu their atten ticm to the m um»nrka which had been levelled under the tr of Baden.an occupied when on the 2 8 th of (Mather a AnatrinaPrince of Fm tenberg sat down hetnro it. He found

wi th only nine “ ii of the line and sixaccording to h ia inatrnc tione, and in

he collec ted come other vessels, whichlib squadron to twenty-five nail, b ut

bad on board bo th the Commanders

i the line,ten, and n transport came to anchor in the

saw the fleet hastened to the town of

tion tha t ei pa were anchored

Had the town thnt . with in

the 2 4th. On the 2 oth tlie

dgnle continued to increaae.

the line of battle ships rove from their anchors.to see 3 and the wind came on again no v iolen t. thatcited forecaat te under

, and that on which the Admire]

i other'e Wheresimut. The “ Fraterttité , w

M id on board, hnv ing one 74 and two e ther frig hten in

ty . had con tinued their course from Brest, unable (or the logethe root of the fleet un til they came across

“on vnieeenu

which the encountered in mid-channel and unwisely chased,h is act ey were carried to a great dintnnee from the Irish0 wh ich the east wind preven ted them from returning. and

m tera heat about till the morning of the 2 0th. when n shift

l in their favour enabled them to stand in t o Bo ni try Bay .

ismort ified Commanders-ih -Ch ief now met Ln Revolution,"Le Scevoll ,

”nud from these they first learned that not one

b ut remnitwd in the hay. The whole tru th indeed hun t upon

or the latter nhi p of war was in the act of removing the crew

bangers from the other to save them from sin king.

iti tno tnent there was not It single gun moun ted with inthan Cork.out ofl

’

nil

this in vneion was never heardmind i resident nt Bantry,

cc to e General commandingthe volunteere and militia he

m u m —m u m u m pom uon or “ men — 2 0. run

t omco m onsoon new s men n u : i t no w , AND anemon esm e

m a nu al:or w ill. ow n A ND mun /luv cmm crea on

em “W t —32 . am t. m an—2 3. out nonm o N RLbO N wen

M m n m an n a - 2 L Unseen nq noocuesu .— 2 6. V i ew “

90 mama . m u n nu n t n : nuw u m un Ar omm nowu.

98. enm nn m m m ons a u nt o 1 A llm—37. unvoumon on mu

”m w om en - 2 0. ca n “ . noun -u rn am i n e AN ovat ionn n u n — 2 9. b u rn a n um u nv euamcru or vnnnmucx

l. RU LW OM .

the ndvm emllitnry events ofinmm of the French

h is match in the

0. Bu t h owever much was ow ingmus justly ascribed to the mightytin t expended in th is memorable

nde experienced at this time u

been known, the three per cent.

the unopenelon of ynien tn by thein February to t ie terror of the

enemywas thundering at her very game. ThM u theM a nthat darkened the opening ot

‘

the year 1797.

2 . Wm m (im am - 4 5m m “ ; or Ken t. Ann H omnmxn

1 0 m s u ra niu m

To return te the annale of the ware. On the new

m elted at li ve

permitted an in terval of twenty-four hours to elnpee before it was tbe entered. and in that interval the French industrioesly exert-l

themselves to brealt the paliu des sod overturn the u nme t-ts te’

sodan exten t na to render it altogether un tenable no n o! defmee l

the cap tors. The siege had lasted fifty da forty hn tta -ien em60,000 ynrds of trenehee had been open 3 5000 of the besiegew hlsuccumbed. and an immense nmannt of ammunit ion had been ex

hu nted for an object thet was scarcely now worth the pose“The siege artillery was immediately sent o il’ in part under the a re!

of n emwidn shle reinhireemeo t te the eerpe st the in trenehed eeqM ore llnnn ingen , thesiege o f wh ich was immediately tim ed who:on ly . On the 18th andmmof Jnnusry s parallel was therest 2 60 yards from the salient o! the demi-lnne, and on the thiM olten were pushed fnrther hxrwnrd. On thew th. 30th, end SidGeneral Dofoer, who commnnded in the pleee in sneeefieion to fie

nm d AhatneeLWho hed bet-n mortnlly wennded in the deh no!

ordered sot-ties which did the ordinary nmoont of M iriam” !

ling the worb and nailing flte gnng nnd in Inse ct life. bot had seellittle efl

'

eet en ths siege thnt the i st ot Ft-hrnsry the hn iegu !were with in eigh ty pew s of the “ to de pout . then the AdjutantGeneral Savory was sent out with It ting of trues to the Prmef e

Pot-stealin g. to pro pose n cspitulstion . which we: ehtuittedn ine stipulation as that at Koh l, name! that the Austriannot m tvr the place un til the b i ll.by whi time it was M M 51 thbesieged to a similar beenof ruins.

3. Wu i n in t r.

The Aulie Conneila ntisiied hy the es ture otthst tl ppex

- Rhiee m nue etom i to i hs

t r end en the Rhium havin one tmder Werueelt inw hehb d the sad to withdraw e Archduhe v/lthto “ in f-m their army in the TM . Immense exertions were

r ih all the hm ditn t'y etatee to oppoee the French in ItalyMlmen and NM homeswi th immense eoppliesofmeat andgrain

s the lloent Genie ; a id men were thus passed without

tea, and were en tw ined

Peachiera, Rivoli, Verona, h ad

Row an . 0 11mm m i n us n tou MANN “ , t h e unc le Amman

to w om en‘l’

ui n t. won i n Ru m .

e a t dition at Mm hul Wurmser and h ie corpe d’srmée In

ma ma now becoming moat evricme ; a want o f pmv ieione hadven up tillhom u flesh.

.w 'o stall

“

as Communion“ (mm the English governmen tas! Gu lm ,d terwards betta hnown as Lord Lynodueh); he waswe ] army in the bloehadsd torm aod being w ent

M d by the mpa hn otficm d flngrfim w lumm d

mm ie pm on thie peruous min im . Mend Ru ietukyn tho time tl hie f ef the Stafl

’

to the Mg rum, u d

nd at light boat, thatthe town. In this he

the t of December, a very darlt aod eturmy day, he cxtendcd hi|

spurt tillnigh tfall, wheh, instead of returning to the tow , he drew

h is boat i n to some shelter that completely concealed him, and hat h

:prev iously made him "thorough ly acquainted with the mapthe w ater, now pushed h is way in to the river Mincio at the point

where it flows ou t of the lake, w here he succeeded w i th the (ma g)oi despairm break ing the chain or ro pe that he found stretched ti

har the paeeage. Be had taken the precaution to have his unh er

with h im, that he migh t avoid being treated as a spy it he shouldunfortunately be taken , and now descended the stru m through thd

nighg eo that in the morning he found h imaell’

on the river Po, a diatance at abou t five leagues from Man tua. When day broke he wal

unperocived by the French poata, but tn the course of the nighhe hem fi ore than once ohalhmged hy eavalry patrola, whcn ht

instanti laid to h is oars and sunlt si lently down to the bottom ofWcastration of all sound and the darkness 0‘night pmn estled the enemy, and he glided on w i thout furthm'no tice

was an ex cellent aculler and in good w ind,and proceeded do wn thi

river at amr

fifld pace.but not quite w itho u t danger ; he was no t

of some th ofl'

set streams that led h im out of the

channel till the nonee of the mill-wheel warned him in time to tunh ie boat and row back againet the curren t in to the main river.

Getterai Clarke at Vicenaa had Men broken

to the

Austrian army was in motion, and on the 8ththe advanced guard of A ugeresu under DuphotFratta.and al

'

ter a sharp engagemen t he forcedto Legnago.

5. Barm t or Rwou .

been sen t h im from Verona by the General~in~Chid , camerapidly a!v en to lfi gnago und m olved mdeam y tlois hridge ; and so t

did he sueceed in th isflhs t he not only hnrned the hridgmhu t tnthe A nstrian p fm e prismm with their gm Bonapon h is arrival at Cas Novo, m the nigh t of the N th -15th, min telligen ce from Sermrier that Pro ves-a was q uen ch ing Manibut heard nrsthmg from A ogerean, w ho, he nevertheless felt at

mast he close npon the traces of the strinn Geoea-al either at ctellaro or elsewhere. He concluded, nevertheless, that the attuwould he made to enter Msn tna either by St orge

’s or by

citadel, and he therefmwe een t ordm t0 8errorier to

Miollis in the forlner iorg with provisions for forty eig hours“wi th strict orders to defend himsell

'

therewith firmnesa, while he tto direet A ngew an to pm s the Anatrian foree in h is fren t :

hu m them m hoth flankg and especiall mallow noth ing to eec

his atten tion. By this time Victor and had come ap, :

w ithon t a moment’

e repow were pnshed on to Roverhella

Meanwhile the honest: of Bohenaollern, forming v era’s

vanced guard, presen ted themselves at midday of the 1sth hefin'efort of S t. Gemg e

's, and summoned Miollia, wh ich was m punden

by a volley of cannon from the in trenchmen ta. The Generalsnccechowever in commun icating w i th Wormser, and combined w ith

Marshalan attack upon La POM “. for the follow ing day,after wtl

done, v era marched away the same even ing tn Panam a, s'l

he camped. Serrurier. leaving to Alexandre Dumas the

defending San A ntonio, posted himself wi th 1500 men toadvan ce on La Favori ta, and Bonaparte, w ho had now u n wed“V ictor on the road to Foeaamana, to he mady to receive or to ati

Provera at li ve in the morning of the l6th. The A ustriana fiw ithou t and w ithin were on the alert at sia, and advanced at e

against both San Antonio and La Favorita. where they socceedcestablish ing themselves, for GeneralDumas was unable to ra in

sort ie of the garrison . and would have gisent up two bat talion s to h is support ,Austrians. The old Marshal, who hadfound he could not pierce the blockade.sell in to the town . Victor then marched direct against Pt

-ovs

difidomat the n mc fime that hi iollis came upon hia leh flank mSL Georgt

-‘s,and A ogcrean upon his rear from Castellaro. 1

com manded on ev ery side, and w i thou t any aid from the gu t ihe was reduced to capitn la te wi th his whole division . A ha “

hether general than Pt-ovcra waa not in the ranks of the m mil

the Republic ; nevertheless advem ty u n medmcs the fate clmilicommanda n t“ th is was the second time w ithin the name to :

month thst General vera had given op h is sword to ths FNHe had capltolated to the selfiame gm sn at the castle ot Oein the previous AThns concl thelast elfort for the reliel of hlsn tna. [ a ll

Ill lath h Joubert, and again driw n back wi th the Ines of 600uses :wh ls Massens, advancing on Bassano against Bnynl

i toh,mu t ed himat Carpenedolo on the 2 6 th, and took 800 pl

‘llflllt‘l

‘lh

u su a l» dro ve the Austrians through Trev iso to the oppositeof the Tagiiame ntot Alv inzi at length reached Trento, and rc~

lting the valley of the Adigs to Botzcn and Briacn , bead in

wrsuniting the remnant of his scattered forces behind the

Q M

7. Tea Pan t. Ansr nxrmrnn sun tan rnn Same.

is Pope.alarmed at the regress of revolutionary opinions, and

e establishment o f ” who. in Italy. had augmented his army,r evasively giving out that it was for the rotccthm of the

agns. But the French were not to be cajoled y the duplic ity of

M esmwho it well know was always desirons of acting in the

u t of Anstria. They capscted that the terror oi'

the m us e!

W eW NW a submission in the mo rt al Rome.terrorist that to fall in to the hsnds of the French had

t hi s” the designs of his Holiness, and now they resolved to

ay hostile measures. Whi le'wsi ting therefore tor the fruit of h is

ry at Rivoli. the capitulation of Ma ntua, sud for the arrival of

m acaw march

winter

ize l

ét

fnnrmy fromFrance to

eat r operations ust t c pare, Bonaparte re

ii sspcdltion under Victor, which he ordered to move on

lib»t, thecapimlof the Romagna, on the 2 ndof February. Continuingm h on lmolg thia General foond the papal army M ill er 4000

mb tu nched behind ths river Sonio on the 5th or 6th . General

m u lling the advanced guard, finding the river low and

fi rst ones “ d to turn the tion , wh ile the Lombard legionsm iled the bridge, he con test was not long doubtful,

ld ians led to Fsensa, lcsvin fourteen gnns aud eigbt co

l h h ind thont , while Juuo t. at the and ol'

a rcgitnen t of hussers,lb sln the righ t and left, some of them monks with thema in thsir Victor tooit

'

m ion ol’

Aucona ou the ii th ,

n to lnandhth whieh naithcr te was so itnprndant or oo

M to thsir adm tsp‘

aa to m her to do. nltlmn bothI were attitu dinal from the lireof tho Prune nnnn in

eg it. minn ows-st o i Dmi ta do l’Hommo " had beento enah ln it to fall clear ”! the (inch and she now began

Ail the mao te of the two h ah ipa were nadlyled.M a li ttle after {our in th emorn ing “ ! the “ tin themm

3 n th" brigh ter than it had prev ionely done showed breakersand right ahead, distan t no more than twomiles. Th is alarmedr three eotohatante for their common safety. and La Crease,

11m m TM m msn PM “ .

Excellent.”and ran athwart the hows of the Spanish sh ips. Th is

at once brought him into action with several e! them. the four

dselter Santissima Trinidada,”the Ssn Jessi. and Salvador del

Minnie.”each li t ; the San N icholaa,

”and “ San Y shise . sash

M end two others. All the Spanish ships were howm r hndMadtogether in a very irregular manner, in some cases three or h er

deep. The “ Captain"opened tire at once it the fonr‘dsetsr

“and was immediately joined and nebly sup by the Co iled-km,and the li neullsnt Captain Collingwoed. These ships then W ardon to the “ thi n i side o

,

"and “ Salvador drl Mundo.

”A t this

moment the Blenheim.

" Captain Fivdorieltmsmo up in the wshs otthe o ther British sh ips and opened her broadside. when the two

Spanish sh ips having lost their and being otherw ise in a

crippled state.were sent sta

ggsrion astern to he osnnonsdod stu d:

by the other advanein

rzhgs. The “ Excellent.

”

defence from the sean ht down the Sanand the “ Diadem”

and Live

m

yl . hollowed by the flag ship.

Victory. forced the Salvador'to haul down her co tenrs.

nCaptain"had now go t into action wi th the “ San l'i ieho

thad at the same momen t got (on! of the San Jessi . ytime Nelso n‘s sh ip had lost her fore-topmn ts and had

“

no t a

shroud.nu t-reps left, her wheel had been carried away. and she

altogether incapable o f further serv ice in the line or chase.

Commodore therd ors ordered the helm to he put a starboardcalled (or the boarders. Lieut. Pem on with a detachmen t of the89th (w ith an alacrity that w ill ev er do them credi t) were the firsttor th is

(ser

ies. One of the sol

iiiere

nthe

gflth having broken:window t n r narter gal ery. elsen imaoli

'

was followed by

pt

ih qsailors and soldiers as fast as“

I'M

found the cabin doors fastened, but these wers spesdiand immedistely this wasdone the so ldiers (”da Volley at a

mv

that it illed the snan iah brigndisr

positing

t

o nwards tor the wdecit.Nelson fonn tl Bei-ry is tirst sin vad in poassssi‘ efthe poop, and hanlin down the Spanish s uh .an the Commodoreat onee rsesivsdm t forecast ie ths swmds of the oiheers whe usort-odor“ to his men. A t th is nmment a iire e! small arms was

spurned the captured ship from the storn of the “ San

one! " Earlene instantly desired the soldiers to firs sin that M5and ordea more men to he sent h im into the “ 8sn N iehetas ”

eat

low him

“ Salvador”soeeseded in getting stess endsr ths tss el th

Bri tishwas such , that the distemii ted enemy did no t dare to attempt a close

m anner. A Jew hea rtless broadsides were exchanged between the“ sh it- and the “ Britann ia

"and “ Orion,

"but these were at long

end the fit s was distan t and inefl'

ectual. Accordingly at fivem the Dritieh advanced sh ips having desisted from pursu it.

of 400 British,in a general poin t of viewiy one at all dismnstcd was

hulls

accoun ts to

lly in the

alone exceeded 600 men .

the boldness thntere wi

n il fif ths line he ran in to the midst of twen ty-five. But S ir John

Jerv is with the eyc oi'

a praot ised seamnn ssw the loose and dia

esdm d state of hisis ,foe and resolved at onoe to profit by it. The

mail the Spanish sh ips were themost worthless that

3 they were composed of pressedlandsmen and s oldiers of raw

The darindaring front pat on by the British was en sink

ism -te of such le

t;o

ifor it is one of the charsc

wade aniline and so intrepidity, and such more$0 00 “ t

a shot did not

of theh ehipe'iired into their

ditional confidence into the

business more na if it had

were Imdad near

the same even ingw ith Don

island. The eolonyonly the loss 0 ! one

It. The

from about 100 of the

too stron ly fortified to

redoubts and also been

m to sw eep the isthmus by wh ich alone the British could

“ use. and sunbeamand other armed craft defended it from the

w on either hand. Abercrombie tried to farce this passage, b utis qu ashed by the amount of fire brough t against h im, andwas con

mined to renounce the enterprise alt: ther, and tu re-embu k h isIn on the 30th. After having lost in several attempts about [00been sod men t itled and wounded, and 1 2 6 missing. The fleetW ant ed to bombard the town for some days, bu t very inefl

'

ee

the distmee to which they were compelled to keep by

l l. Da w n a:m e c u m q nnou snmn.

expedit ion to the English

riod. An armamen t can»

in threeof "fru

i“ t flag ship to prepare for sea, when , instead of weighin

tho W o! the “Queen Charlo tte

”run up the shrouds l ug

three eheers ; this was speedi ly arm ored in the some way fromdtipl

m ‘bethe

gu t.and ttll o pen

aun t iny wan declared.

fithe lti t the res we a ipa’w mpuuies uppoin

1“a the 17th the-em(thirty-tw o in number)signed

sent one to Purlisnien t and one to the Admiralty.

er

“

seemed already to have become so serimte, that the In ter

M a me down to Forum

i

a

M inted the NM!hauled down.

Bridport wenth is thug . The

gh t naturally he supposed to

this period, Wen t down withAh'h ire were amicably ltd

lflth Lord Bridport with h isti nder weigh and

defia nce. The

t

ippointed

ofu n

arher, onc et'

Be rnadette M W treas on the right, in the Trevigianw than

in the Vicen tino ; unhert

were w ith the left in the

Carnot and the Directory,

N . Blm n or run TAQW HENTO.

the lllth of

nt eet of it to the very gatea of Goriazia. These sncceases

tt have esu pmmissd the commnn ica tiona of the French armyt the Vmefians hegm maeg had it no t heen for the t

a the HM Marquis de Gallo and GeneralMerfeldt met at

Bhatean d’Eltwold, near Leohen , and concluded on the follow ing

the cslehrated “

pueliminaries”which were a prelude to the

ry ol Gau po Foru m.

16. Want tn Gam er.

t th e tith e that the Arch duke Charles was summoned away to

7, h e had resolved on a lan of defensive operations against the

ny on the opposite hanlf of the Rh ine, with two stron corps

Inlet Themone was situated about Ofl'enburg, to end all

M “ into Snahia ; the other abou t Friedberg, to defen d all

li st . The firms of the former consisted of men,6000 of

m were cavalry : the latter had of all arms. General

M y was in a separate command near Kohl, and there wss a

m e of cocomen and 3000 home near Aachatl’

enhnrgorg. The w hole

I (on e of the Imperialism, independent of garrisons, was counted

m men , but these were to arrangemen t disseminated

lg the wh ole right bank of them from Bt le to Dusseldorf.

l7. Mosai c sitcom m s Ra tes u Kass w e versu s

of the Rhine were put men .

command of Moreen was in the Vosqneshm men gt hc other, who were in canmumen ts between DusM and CoMmmhcld the ti ts ds at Nenwied, and consisted

M aren. lt was at this od nnder General Hoche, who

sc his unaacccsaful trip to lreland, had hesn designated to talte

l m anned h tely held by Jourdain. I t was resolved by the

m oth these armies should paas the Rh ine at onee, in

h r to act aa a divcraion tu the war in ltaly. But i t was alreadyof April, (the very day on wh ich the preliminaries had

n settled “at b eoben.) before Hochc was ready to cross the

war. and he was forty-eight hours before Morean’s army, who

“ outmod till the fltlth. It m a ditfieult undsru kiog,m ice su insat general, to get across auch a river as

3t

i

e

much co

aet in , ev ary

withont noisn fi-em Strasbourg. btit it waa sia ln thsmomtng d tln2 0th before the first po rtion of the emharitment was mmplsts. whenthey began to pass in divisions undsr Vanda mme and Dav midstthe superior command of Dnhestns. in ths midst of storms grape

they iamlsd on the empositssho re.and while the heats"MM san

fur another shipmen t Duhesms attacked ths v illage of Dior-helmolwhich. afterm sivin a bad wound in the hand andtwice repulsed, he at st got

reun ion . li t eleven o

'cloc Satan"

am t 4000 men to dislodge from this who thoughto do se on tits aids of llunau

.

bu t at and must (all up“timm who advanced on that dunk, and drove them haslt into thev illage , taking many prisoners . hot in thswounded in the

The French in tho afternoon sstahlishsd a flying bridgs, whichhowever could only la

ss twen tyo il's horses or one gun with all inM o

re at a time. an al Sat in-ray thought that with his"M

men is entthl ovsrwhtvi tn thoas who had alrsady“

a nd, and tmdsr a

hssvy iii'u of cims hs adn nosd to ths attaelt.a lam en ted

p ass’asinn of the v ill s ol Disralwlnn imt ths ropoh lean Gums)

ssnt up fresh troops, w u aftsr a aharp llalig ht which bo th the h ad“were seriously wounded.drove them out again. However, ths Auktrian guna gn t ths ran of ths llying bridgvmnddsstroysd i t. Whilstth is was in no andsmms and Davoust attached and sandalth e village of an. The nsssasity of a hrid hov er" was

mu tifesh that at sia in ths m nln

gths Fm . ast about femfl

lng a hrid ci host antl with snc industryd hat by midfib t it

s, when t a div ision of Dufour some eav in

batteries of light crossed om . ignorant of theof the rv-hi lm'esnisnta had passed over, General Saw

“at}

tasked the republicans at sew n in the roomingorning of ths illst witl14 000 lhot. 3000 horse, and stuns forty mt(M illi

e-2 “ab dominal

nation in rata iie llisrahn im and "man. U a lisavy 67s stgrape and N ttml shuns sinmltano-ons advaoss wss mails on M

Lyllis

‘mt i , anti thsm h l ths h'n mh wm m nn m dwd

of tho assailants. A bloody mt iss, inimpsrislists sml French. infantry and m alt-y tool: part. on

M aud Generals Getaw ay and ltnmsas wm both w

it. But about two o’clock in the dayn vh ils ths lssns was yst

osrtain. la sourhs dsl-ooehsd with his brigade across tho” .

followed b ssvsn fresh mm ts uf ean lt y.whish soon

seals and vs hack the omlahsflying. Hom e lmmstiistsly satttlo o vnrhs ta sdvanss round the Mt of the enemy hitm hsim, sada nnr round his right by Frsystl tt. while 9 was lass-dfbrwsrd in ths osn trs agslnst ihs vlhsm of uohlas and lfi tfiW W W M W MM ,W M M OM wi th theirMW M M M make no art

-ai lm ents for an M u m p s“

it mon hm ms moh a mug thst ths lfn nehdn ths ardoor d pw

cd the NM 0! domam tlon

mm h , LAM B.

11 . P lan : m un—Bom u um " an Pou m uou or Vuuwl .

108 nommm mu n roulnmmw or "man. (Am.

MM do ht pmum do mmmm M r.

" Tim t lam. bow.

avert .mcmuru at th inmnmomt b them of'the Austrian tramMm: thn Tym and allalong m v ing tho m ar-non n!Wm olvod to who a aw l-two part walnut the Frenchman! now cod 0

W e.m m of alltho lnhuhltm tn of tho Visitat ion 8mm agulnnt tha n.

Va In wh ich there wan left but a mu ll French "lawman!whlch

Luann -t to any m lmmoo that tn ht he orlv ed from

00mm! ludua’n arm wont fixed upon for t o tryotluc Icon.andtho ltopuhllc all St. ark sent them omen ], t ome 80a) lull“mo to farm a po l l“ d‘appsl to the lnmm ctlon by tho mlddlo ofAp I um wd pm utn u lllod mum! tho motlm sa nda l.I nd on tho l

‘lth . whloh Impp mod to ho Ru tter Monday. the ma th

wan m auled lu a s.and tho p mplo loll wi ld ly on (wary PMmm they could mn t w it h in tho strum , and tlum rush ing to

tho mil itary houpltnl thwy mm on d all the nick and wmmdnébe longing tn the French army whom the found thw e. 0m mBul land whh 9000 awn occu 0d the three {cm at Verona, in m ofwhloh was the Bflaadlor 1 poll. who «nu-rod lnto n thflmwlth tho lawm an :but Bed lam! N pudlutod th la w t of h 0 w ho»glnt to. and algn lllod to the Venetlm v odlton , Emlll, that thopan ama mum ho lmmodluto ly (ll-armed.or In thm hour ho wouldopen upon tho town. A nu etc wan ta lus“ b tho luhahlw m. tho

town wan bombard“ ! and “ t an mou the lath. c motlm fiomb ,m throwlng at?them alig nantMmVlooa OOOmtl «clu e. to thou nli t-no»of tho Vm um mmublo themto 1 p. nf tlu fortfi'om tho w pnblhmm. All the undonvonn offirm nndlvw lpllmdWto talu thom (rum thu French p rrh on of ooum Mlml. but M"mutua l «low ly hloolw led. no t wltlmu t 0mm up n hm lcm of lu lu]sta n d lntn ommmlor. Thu.mutton "aw l tillt w S l ut, whomGeno

m eson LO SBB n : u m u man u re.

Ruddnch . fel l in with the French prin teer “ Herdi,”end a pt

her. On the 2 6th , ofl'

th e eou t of Spo in , the British line ot'

hntt le

Irresistible," 74, 03a Martin, and the frigate “ Bmen ld.'

Capta in Velteu Cornewnll, chased two Span ish frignh g the m34.and

“ Ste. Elena," 84, into Con i l Bay near i‘

anftcr n emnrt netion hoth etruok , hut the

"enn,

”nftet

hed done on. drovo on nhou nnd foundered .

were genemlly loaded w ith tm w re, and

security nent to see in pnin . Coptetn Sir“ Orinm,

"when off Cadiz ab out th is timemntne npon two ot then

hy meene of fiehing bu te they go t thetr treamreu feu tm hnn

werde tho frigetee were ehm d, endeither tnhen ordu m yed. 0 1M Ceptnh t l

bane, came npan two ot thene frip teem d openedhu hrondu dqthe “ 0 hseen,

”eeeing that she ehonld have to do wi th m

w h ee ler u hereelf, hnd the good t'

urtnne to ehm ol .very feoe her two opponent; On the 19th ot May the mSt. Vincent, having recei ved reinfnneemente, whichfleet up to twenty ooie not] , efl

'

eotnnlly hloeltnded the poet Cin wh tch were twen ty t Spenieh eh lpe ot

' the l ine ready tu

nnd ull to lly mannedN ,w‘i

o

th “ flou t -016i”;With w it

volm Admit-al bum to eome on t, w opponen ts:moh int et

‘

gh pw d to do m the w m olved on tln mbombard the town. In the nigh t

z'.04thing being in M 4;

the “ Thunder ” homh-veeeel. oovm d y the gunhu tq lumand of the fleet, W the order-e of Rent-sawHm tio elenmwho oomw ded the ind xou equ dm tw k en

wittfin M yn de ot the welle end flu t hut the hn

ehip tnnde it m n evident thnt ehe heen nlm dy eo m el

jawed by her net-vice, u to requ ire to be wi thdrawn. An

therefore u ehe hegn to eetim e nnmm ot

imn ieh gnnem d M nehm nMer Don M Tyreeon, led fon h, in t1

to capture her. Neh on met tn wtth n simi lar du et-muntore-, nnd it umn eeme to n hend in hnnd m me hetwm the e

ei the two m peefive honh whieh theee two omeere oommw d m thm they hoth tooh n m pieuone wrt : hnt nt le

Tyreeon wne eom led to enrreoder to h ie nneonqnm hle

On the night ot b th n eeoond bombnrdment took ph ee. l

bomb-ch ips were now no judiciously ph eed to commend both the land sh ipping, that Admin ]. Mae-un do and Ga v in. wet-pd l

flag-ehipe un t of n nge ol thom, hnt the Bdtinh nnd Spnntehenem tered eeeh other in n on the thst nigh t. A th l

hurdment m tnedlh ted, t ft'om the v iolmoo ol the fi nd itnot take place. Net-on, however, wne already : met hod andttn‘nb hod men ; md Lm'd St Vln cm t in hie dM u

periMrye,

“ Any pu iee ol hh wonld fd lM d Ndmerits.

1 3 . c a ‘ A ‘ - 4 A m . . A . A - n A m - m m

on wi th a Fm oh eqoadronmoneiathvg ol elx aall ot the tine andI‘l l frigate“ he had captured at Venice three (We a nd three Mo

h exelueiw of ten or twel ve corvettea and eighteen gallaya lain;

in the Lido. and afterwarda at Corfu, alx Venet ian tit -mma pa

that harbour. On the lllth a h adron ofeacort of amne frigatea quitted M i lan ; onknown aa divialon du Levant,

"arrived at

of General Genti l i, when the who le o f the

an .w ith

of the “

LV in son! or Ahm ad , Duncan oven rna Duran a n

Canrennowu.

North fleet had been no thinned by tho aeeoaalnn ofthe mutiny

:that Admiral

“ Venernhlc,‘74 , and the

and icon olive the blockadefleet 0 fi fteen mil of theThe Bridal: Admiral had,he h is ma ny auppoee him

waa to anceeaalul.at

A t h ugth the mutinyl battle ahi pa rejoined thetwo fleeta were a in on

Venerable ” had can ea

0 her acruaa to Vermou thh 0!w ithitiehnew

l mexpan d of his

as pronoun 0! w ind to

a themiu n.and mu leto con -390ml.m as to

be ( won Mm out two (Ifit recantw iu'ing frigate.signal to hit Admiral,

Fm» 3m .

”and the tqusdmn

W 0rd and the merchant

Into deadly fight : but tho “ Ardent,” 64, Captain Burg-s, a nd»Ba llard,

”

74, Cnptnin Sir‘l’

. Byard came up no w ound. toBritish Admiral in the emeonnter. e

“ Drawn,”7 RM

min ] Bloyn, the Leydcm,

”

64.Captain N netier, nod ”N44. Captnin Kolfl

'

, in like manner udvan to thmmm of

Du tch Admiral, and did w nnidvrnble damage to the Vanm blo,‘

well n» to the “ Ardent.” The “ Hcrcnlu .

”

t ain Van 331 0the poop, but the Dutch m i contrived, in n I

rioingly quick manner, to extinguiuh tho llama . nod mm }re her up out of the line. The crew were neverthele

thc ir unfoty. to throw overboard all their powder, nnd no ialready lmt her mimnnu t nnd h d no mrthor mcu u of ddushe mm ndm d to the nosra t oppmcnt. Tho “ Triumph.”Captain Burlington, who had been mmof the Vencrnhlo

‘n n ew

enm t d the “ WW .

"“4 , Captain Holland and

her to strike to laim, and no t he saw thnt the damage

at!“ fingot hlp mu an nevare u to oblixe her to hnnl 05. (h p!“ gum approw hod to

‘

ve the m, do gm a) the “ VryholM in defending hex-nail un til all her ti!

M hndmwn fl u the ddg whcn nhe on t nf tho linqher colours. Britiuh now in

durin g mnncenvre the Dutchfleet must hoveduring the whole time of action crowded wi thwho had the mortificstion of being witnessesof their fleet ; for it would hnve been u tterlyof the Du tch could have escaped, b ut thut

fish port in “ M y. As troph ies their appearance wns gra

but an old of war they were not the sligh test sequi

4 0 the Bri'

navy. The seven Dutch line of bot tle ships

p itted the action arrived safely in port , though they were

M d and their hulls riddled li ke sieves. Admiral Duncann oted for this victory n Boron and V iscount, b ut subse

ly his mu n o further advanced in the peerage by the t itle

Id of (301a o Vice-Admiral Onelow was m ated n

m : end Captains Trollope and Fairfax were kn igh ted bynt Portmwuth, nod th is not being d one under the royaldisplayed in t ime of m , they were judged to be Knights

m w very nncient honour, far superior in dign ity to ord inarymood. Goldmedalswerestruck in commemoration of t he v ictory,to th i nk: of both houses of parlinmm t voted to the crews of

not . Lord Dun can a nd Sir Richard Onslow also received theno of the City of London , wi th sword: of honour. The King,“ ou tdon e! this andJervis

's victory, ordered it general thnnlte

Correggg. Album, the Csrrschi, lh pbsel, snd Leonardo do Vineisent to sris.

This lsst assumed merit of the you thful conqueror hns been thetheme of much disensshm ; - whether v ictory confers the right

'ot

orWings upo n the works ofmsn’s industry no t cun trsbsnd

l he cotnb ined no tions of Europe, w hen hsd in tm'n

overcome France, obliged her to the rest itu tion of these preciouspoils, snd scted righ t in so doing ; bu t with gran t modeu t ion did notforce upon her the em ender of her own tressures, w h ich , in evenhsnded justice

,they hsd obtsiDed the righ t to require. lmpnrtislity

however, compels the ndmissioo , ths t if the French Republic crudin carryi ng st a y the works of art from the ltslisn museums and lb

bu ries, the navy of Crest Britt in noted on precisely the some prin»

ciples when the sewed millions of the treasures of commerce on theh igh sons ier their rise-money. So thst if sin it be to seiu the

works of industry, t e sin is pretty nearly equal sgninst both the

great notions. Formy own part I believe the cupidity of man’s wture to be such that the sword w illalways endeavour to rewa rd ind!

bythe spoil of the eoemy it has vnnquislted, snd thsg in

hxto d

dec isions of diplomacy, war w ill ever assert its righ ts, w er b)see or land, until nations shell host their swords in to plough-horn ,and their spears in to pruning

-hooks.

2 9 . Bu rn AND Mi tm nr Cn tmcrxn or Fnensmcx W i n “ : or

Pm u .

Th is sovereign died on the l7th of November in th is your, "

lgl

rctted by his fstn ily and by the few friends who rendered justice tois mildnem and booeficence. ll

’

secession of territory is theof n monarch, the sequisitions he obtained from the iniquitoustion of Polsnd sdded largely to his weslth and to the importance oi hhkingdom. In himself he was neither endowed w ith civil nor military talents of a high order, but he bed the sense to entrust the

sdmin istrst iou of public affairs to nble ministers. Bis Ms’

csty hsdeach n versati lity of chm cter, that durin the ten yesrs of N

Ehe tormen ted h is subjects. sston ished is enemies, hu m-edsllies, desolsted b is “ my, deranged hisfinances by these wesltnnnd deprived h imself the m pec t wh ich he might hove t eemfrom h is situation and power. In 179 2 he jo ined the eonlit isl

iuto Champagne ; bu t he soon got disgusted w ith wsr, snd target inthe sum s! his mistresses the dispu tes oi

’

kings, the danger s! theGerman Em

°

re, and sll fnmiipinterests. lie recklessly sheath ed

the Stsdtholi r, sud shsmet'

u y deserted his army when in theimagining to render the persons] repose thnt he mosthonoursb le by reserv ing to himself th e office of s mediator ; but to

by his predecessors over the Pru-else arms, and h is short!"nin e endti the «tortuous expenses of hle wern

tn e well as the

ion of his prin ts tsetse and h is extrewmen ra

pacious

the ”ensure- se

quined by the M gel ty

grout predecessor. to am e son and successor

f s very different mould and who on his eccentumdny to reno ir the disorders ofm. now :

we! to m tore Pa iu te to her reel lnxportenee end prosperity

i

5

3 3 s

m swm m w n, mu comm mm mm rm!ten - com n

'nuu cu t m 0.

—9. msnnuw riose u someit me munch—m x row nnm m.

—a. a RRllRlJJ ON us meD rur name- 4. assen t. neuunnr wan t A reason nxruni

I t u ne A‘l’s tun t s—6. w om en PRKNCM sxreomou mum

M n mu ta n t) or con tinuous mm s.- 6. A onn umex?»

on. t u ne u om en n o mute—7. ruemn u ou or ruou sn

man u re or run sn owmen“ ? oovm nm or m ums.u n i s mum- 9. t mutton rxmcnmou usoun sommars summt rm warn osmr smitt en—lo. rmt venison u m elm.

me n o can nula tum mum m u onntcn ow n . coma—ll.m: M is reason or run meson ru ler is run tannin s

W m. acum en n uns mm A reason mm m earn

w u at w nuu a - is. nem ucus-0s CA lltOw—l'i . mim e

ms n utmeg—lb . season’s Vicromr or w e mun—10. m g

m: u m unscrew ms mu mow mu n—I7. rue remsom e comme “ MANORmu m ru nes—18. A MKM‘OMTAN

r em ulat e roe rue n u ance t ransi t unseen . m ete—lo.i s sew n - 2 0. ow x ADVANCE! mm urrsu t urn—nu rse

mum’s—2 L mavom i n t owns norm- nommurs nrm u

ma s—82 . was is tu n—run su n-on u s u ni t u ses roe.

on or noun—638. run tum awl-um ro su m AND summitsImam- 84. rm:reason w hen run man or u snmu 7 0 AN )!

y d! ” u se” w on sw am—2 6. rue nmru u ru nsmuons»

{fin t wars—a91 . comm“ . watt.

W m Swm nu no, AND Comm mum: warn n ut

Fu ses- Cover n’Euu cu mw enso.

letl Institutiring

ei them on the same day toolt poaen sion ol

but they were soon dislodged by Generalkilled and (alien . Some hundreds of the

on the 2 4 th by Lord Radon at the head of

the leaders were taken, who wore forthwithAno ther party

of them was

slain thorn, th their oomOu the other haml,dotaoh

were surprised to some places and sutt'

ered

the rebels proceeded in a body of 16 000 against

part of the garrison , und Colonel Fo nts , marchedwere surrounds

sitcom ensued, untilwith a powerful force

in the ne ighbourhoodnth-r the command ofmalls his approachesnet ; he ind upillaven , Eustace and

seven on the

of the g i st of June these troops fell upon them. Then m vigorous for some t ime, but at last the rebels gave

Imade their escape throu hum,an opening that General Need

l failrd to occupy.pherd which thence acqsired the name it

le e! “ Needhm inGap.

'lheir lone in the battle and pur

eo eoneidm bls

'that the rebel party was now weakened and

A v

%0

hirge body ofmaleonten ts lw l been ordumn tles o! wn and Antrim. and those about th is timeI to the troops sent against them. but were totally

allinah inch. i t is remarkab le that there were no

Datlmliea in this encounter, all were Presb terinns. 6000 in

under one Munroe a linen droper of L eburu. who was

lmd hanged before his own door.

m at ileu m wrru a Function Exrsnmon u rns A‘t'

Ki t u u .

m had been set on foot by the French Directory forml. The one from Ro chef ort, under Commodore

M ] A m a n m en tor nu ns AT osrnxn . 1 2 7

W 4 , st dmyfigh t on the i 2 th , the French Commodore founda m ended by a fleet of h is enemies. He immedistely

in en irregular line ahead, snd swsi ted the

minutes the “ Ro bust " closed upon the

notion commenced between the two 74's ;

fo llowed snd opened her etsrbosrd brim!

te“ An d ie,

"end the “ Melstnpoe ;

” but she was sireedy s w ere

from the close and well-directed tire of the Robust,” to

steer s souple of hours’ fighting, she struck her colours, as

H t h e ir: s ebum-M ime the two shoveo nsmed frigates as well as the

M ons.

" The remain ing li ve got away, but event ually three of

tea t em tslten by the cru isers ‘. Among the prisoners taken in

if ” w e was the celebrated Wolfe Tone, the pro'

actor of the

ma y of Uni ted Irishmen, who underw en t at trial for igh treason,

ltd only escaped the ponslty by a deplorsb le su ic ide. Th is aborti veM t of the French ooueluded the Irish rebellion at this t ime, invitich li ves were eseriiieu l, sod property to the amount at e

8. A Bamsn Ex renmos LARDS n Om en um n us .

by the British Government

to surrender, but

being bi vouso lted

it wee found that

t liatn Ho thani ; Muskeln now ran back to the eastward,(h en river, and reached in safety the small port of Still.Be remained here three m ice to repair the damage done totie, in wh ich time he ob tained a great occa sion of troupa,more fiat beau , whieh ennhled him to put

’

n t om ,

g) unohacrved the roads of La linguc. On the h of May.themselves ol

’

n calm. wh ich gave them w ine advan

vet-tell , they atood m oon to the attack of the inlan a.

the next morning the boat-i, fifty- two in number. rowed

great m oletion to w ithin musket -ohm. cl the battering ,to briga w ith their heavy cannon kept up a fire upon themBou nce n l 300 or 400 yards. The Bri tish sh ips Adaman t,”ice.

"and “ Creates,

"Wt't'e all at th is time in the o ili ng. but

from the calm that prevailed to nppn uw h nearer than six

Puppe Price w ith hie gum, lowed to the muzzle w ith round

mo.and can ister. poured ouch an iron storm up on the boats

m il of them were“cut into ch ips,

"nix or uneven of them

we bodily. and those that could keep afloat were glad to seek

Migh t. The ch ips came up just as the flotilla was gettingut ow ing to the wenther were unable to intercept an of

that way heel: to La i logno. Another at tempt wait to m mtie.but at length the whole of the gnnhont fleet returned totrg. However, the Britiah Minis ter ado pted and increa sedteam for the defence and security of the Britiah show n ;it Bill was renewed.and a suspension of the “ abou t Corpue

in order to counteract every endeavour of revolutionaryhill-ni t the p rotect alacrity was shown among all classes ofh it people to confront themenneed m elt of their countr

y.

M oon were winded, and the whole kingdom,united n

id hand, ra ted in eonfldene u thatto Nonght thall ntaltc na rue,“ Engiand tom edom t but true.

”

8. WAR i n lawn .

ch intriguee hadto eu

l i t

was random“ ! M impuno o

remark. Tluirumn mail ofa, many w easel» armod on

the m m slune announcedmldim .and

at of April to whodid not proceed

3M even end in a

it was not till the

(m board w ith thelather, Dm ix. Ragni v l

'.

Maiden «law n gwwmlaMurat, Tho fluoc mm

meymlmv in under him Emu-«AdDcom . and or captain of the fleet.(1 hi: flag on board the ci-dcvnnt

u Cobai n .”now named in reference to the abject of the expo.

n,“ LW anl.

”1 2 0.md

'

In her (31mm ! Bonn rte embarked,by a h um an. mm, and Madonna part» can“

thomm to on h im down on the “ mum.

Tm! c m Fum uvm'i mun u m Mw a n on

mu Oman 0 7 Sr. Jame.

l -fim 1911! ofMay, in thomomin thu th at. got under weigh w ithw ind and owed h r Comics, and tbmw o (ma-Md

Vltich ltl d rooted there eigh t. dayl , taking soundings and om

tions, and was still in the harbour of Le Valet“ , Ferdina nd i i!

H irin paoch m at th in time Grand Master of the Order, a 1mm ir

rceolnto and incapable, with brethren , at romance w ith titaniumcart-u t a nd trew hemm. On t he Generd

's rcqnleition to enter

tho w ole flee t and convoy, tho (mad Master N M to admit mentlntn four eli i ie of the line into harbour. A few t hat. Wore oath

sequently cxc god to have the honour of the hn ighh ; but ill

impregnnblo finrtreoe, betrayed by the prinoipnl «mom ,Oman-d it

got“ , and a general landing of troops.

and urt‘

il took p in e l ln ven different points at once, at four in tho mom on of tho tomRegular M h imself withou t meiotance o! the no b-inla id! oiGow n an Comino, end Dm ix disembu krd at Man o-Scimcce u dinverted the Fort St. Lucien. Before midday the French moccupicd the whole of tho principal island excepting Veictte. Tim-1or fo ur thousand men w ith einoerity and on ml t etill hmdefendml the forte unt il the arrival of the Britishwould give no on lero, and at midnight w ooded to tho drain

mo! hit

brethren and the inhabitant ! to cupitnht tm Hu m“ U ptown“

principality in Gu mmy in return fur his anhmiu nicm, hut wh imhe may have secured, he mu le haste to quit the iehi ncl w ith all thlmoney he could collect from the cofl

‘cro of tho ancient O rder. A

capitulut ion WM signed on the 1 2 th, b which the inland and d i d!dopendencico were coded to the Prone Republic. Among theMlen to the cooqceim wm tw o st c gun eh ipe, o ft

-igua n a! “

gallop , w ashout, barrel. oi powder, ti tle. of

v ioio ne. and the pinto and n t iwr medium of the ann u lar:mom, beeidee 1900 pieces of ” ti ller mounted no 05

works. The piwoe m of ench immense otmngth t wlwn Vwho won nmv appointed Go vernor for the b

‘

.rcnoh dism antled are»nupnrto. before h ie dopnrtnre. hie instructions N intiw to the defeatof tho fortifications, he replied. None N one ow bicn Mem o“

y eit ctt quelqn‘on dune cette place poor none en ouvrir lee pa ”

main tenent fem-moat lee, et motto: lo clef den votre poohe.

ll. w on ou r in runemr or u ni: Pum a Fu n in mt rxum u u.

Lord S t.Vincant.u eoon u he hean lof the propel-ahm

Toolon hw the onmt d n fin g w nt ofl’

fi r llm tio Not-to

I moflu m r em m s m m nnu .

M W thcy tollowed after him ; but their absence weeVican to Neieon , who bed heard indeed that the enemy haded Mohamed.did no t know in what pert of the Mediterraneanlo, Mon a. Aerehipelego, or Block Sea to lonlt tor Admiralneed he had no messengers to look abou t for him. He onlythree m ole on hie way, who had none of them seen the

i fleet, and in th is some ignorance of their whereubou t he

d A lexandria on the 2 8th ; but the enemy was not there,would he obtain any m ount of them. Noloco did not lt now

m to but on the 2 9th steered north-west toworde

m e of Minor, and thence along the bo ttom of the Archiand the Greek continent, tillon themmof Jul he found h imthe Sicilian t heme elf Cope Peearo . He had, wet ter, in the

o f his voyage become much in wan t of wa ter and pr ov isions,ind into the port al Syreenuo, where he wu joined by all hit

Banan a“ m os m m A Pounce Altar t tt Born mo

mu m A LEXAI'CD’

RIA.

French expedition (p itted Melts on the l9 th of June, nnd

t w y adventure arri ved at Alexandria on the let o f July,lt yu after Nelson

’s departure. Dreading now that the Bri tish

tight re turn before thedisembnriuttion could be eflected, Bou itiontmlnded it to be commenced the same nigh t ; and on the 2 nd,but?in the afternoon , 4300men underGenerals Bon,Menou, and

t.were go t to ehore,nnd formedup on the bench. Bonaparte hadpod mto the bout that was to lttlld h im, when the look-outon enemy's soil in the oifing . The uneasiness that such on

M “ need in the bm et of the Commenderv in-Chiel may bewhen he exclaimed loud enough to he heard, Fortune,

-ltt l Qnoi l settlemen t cinq joure." The et t‘ttn e

ow ed to be the French frignte

“ Jus tice ,”from Melts. n

m otto: Btmnnnrte imtnedtntely marched forward to investudrie, oltho no yet he httd not landed a single gun on shore.

An ita nod keewprm d in sigh t. but oil’

cred no oppoei

oom 'thelene, on the morning of the 3rd he ordered Admirttl

I to carry hie th at for better security into the Bey of A boultir,he eummonod the city of A lexandria, and at belt-pu t two

edlorward hiewhole tm'ce in three column tt eneruI~in .Chief

m w ith the ou tposts, and sea-empatn ied or atail’ by Berth ier.

p. trod Cell‘

emlli. The t own replied to the summons b open ingId Kleher wee ordered to advance to the assault. Wh i o lendini hie men the gulhtnt General was struck down by n

N eely wounded in the head when his troops. imminen t to re

their General. ruched at once to the wells and sealed them.

Neat n ew

Balm. but had beenall the a hiah

the M elt adveneehad a chum of eat

mite. Run

yon“ was mm anti-ii

retire out a Kgypt g and on the N th he returned with hie -Iarmy to Cairo, loavln. M in to eon-mutt a hu t at Gab iand to cu‘ganiee the provlnee that t ermonde in order to an

Egypt th an the ehle of Syria. On the tin t d”! march an

“ in

got Klfllmt‘ bmoghn o nom

wu a nmn fme that

the l‘tlllatl t victory obtained 10 len tt in the Bay at Am uletat the entire damnation u! the P

‘reneh fleet. When he had N d

he u hl.“ l§h blen l none n

'avone plus de nun-Qt hint W elt

eontrM on ou eortir gu mieeomme ioe eneim

to. New s'Vat-met or me N i t a.

‘l’he Bridal:fleet. hav ing v iottndlod and “ Melted at Hym an ,

te era op h i un the flbth et dnl mod lwut ita eeuree hat' themtheM when the "Colinden hmncht intelligence that theMlleo t had aw n etoerhmmoth-wat t. It became elcar thu dthat Rm it: deathui tiuo.and without it nmmenti dint-ywent a en title m h t eud e meh hm e aatn 'n drove

Andreas-i on fite hordm of the h ke hiangaleh , wem fully oocnpied

duringog:

months of September and October in endeavouring toh ep the inhabi tan ta from cont inual insurrection. on every atde ;bu t lilre to the flydra, one head m no oooner crnehed than othm

in its M ad. Hm o -Touhar was one of the prin cipal

in the Delmw d on Dngna’o applioat ion to him to come to

the French, tho Modem replied,“ I will have

the Freneh fur or near. U they will ieave methe same tribu te that l have

a; i

drowned h imeelf byI periehed in thot

all the reachers of

me.

”he object of

a! personal rest. N ow be commenced operations

dvanee in to Syria, hat ing, it is said. received, onport of the Red Sea, a dispatch from Ti ppoo Sahibm which the arrival of the French in Egypt m3and the in of Mysore, and tho etmtidenco he

France.

Nu mu u n Am u m Pm mu or

Roux.

fi o Fm eh Direotory wu oertsinly not at all prepared for a

at as soon as i t was known

ol Rome.

A lbn ; General Oau hh nm w i W betww n Im u a u d tho

were abon t m at ltome itaelf. Thua nearl t nen m

“ ma y

” ”Emblem” ”

3msixty I to number n ttaua.

wm coneentr-ated in the environs of Oapna ; moreover, the l-‘m ch

had but a small amount of artillery, very little ammunition, andtheir cavalry m a bad state.

But Mack , who , under such a state of things, might have mado abrilliant debut by attaching the French separately, and overwheh

ing thm would not duink of a more ex tenflve military operafiea

than one that shou ld cauae the simple evacuation of Rome. Withthis object he qu itted Naplea on the 2 3rd of N ovember, and mamh is army in five columns in to the Papal Sta tea. Twelve battalionand eigh t aquadrona, commanded by Litton-General Miohmpassed the fron tier by m tesing the

'

l‘mn to near Aseoli and mon dm

Am a z W O mm md l om unda Oob nd Snn Filipmcroesed at A n trodoco, and marched npon

'l‘ern i ana ligln .

Colonel G iustin i, w ith a similar fom pn aed the fmntier at

com, and was ordered to rapidly on nagliann.K ing marched with hlack at c head of thirt y two battaliooa afltwen tyJonr drone direct upon Frascati, while the Cavaliw e dtSnxe on h ie wing crueoed the

pm‘P‘en tine Marahea to Albano.

army were alert to their mo vemen t! andch their apm n ndm ons nn til tha w avhiA

enabled Championnet to call in l‘ellermann fmm 'lfivoli te tho

defence of Rome, and send Math ieu to A lhano. Nevert hele hefound he could not hold Rome agaiust Mack, who advaneed tvim»

ou t awaiting the assembly of all h is troops. obliging the Preach

Gw en l q it the eumd city m the m m wgarrison nf BOO men intn the eaotle ol

'

San Angeb . On

39 th the King o f Naples made h is triu mphan t entry, anddiatclyto his

i

s».

the main column on the hun ks of the Tiber. Upon heat ing ofmem es.Mack sent three battalions and four squadrons, under

M in, to collect the fugitives of San Filippo and G iustini's c olumns,and marchrd himself on Magliano, of which he obtained possession.

But Macdmald brough t up troops fromN epi and ltignano , and as

seen as they saw the enemy the Neapolitans turned, but were hotly

mood by the brigade of Kinnzewitz, and they fled to the moon

d Calvi. Themcolumn which moved on Ancona got no for as

Amati, “ which they took possession ; hut Generals Rum and CamManes coming up to them from Macm ta and Aucona, the Nunpolltane were wo glad to get back over the fu nn ier.

Mack endeavoured to fri hten the

P‘garriscm os n Angelo to n

h umid“ w ithout cfl'

ect, antfnow reth acco t'ding to h is system,

to march inst the French troops”in detail. But Chmnpionnot

a dored h is to concentrste shout Cnstellnna, while he ropeired

hintself to Ancena, to hasten u the artillery to oin him by the wayand Spoleto. On the 4th of Decent the l’rcnch onto

pi were a ttached by the Cavaliers do Sat e, who moved byof 30 hetto

,w ithy the object of turning the position at

Bu t ellermann, after the tin t onset of the Neapolitans,fell upon them, and drove them back on Mon terosi , taking from them

2 500 prisonersand fifteen guna, andMacdonald at the some time droveanother column of them on the mad to V i terbo. nod took all the

they had. In these engagements Saxe was grievously wounded.mix.h on hearing of th isdisaster.recalled the columns underBourcard.which hadmirried the French post at Rigneno, und sent Demos witha rein forcemen t to Mon terosi to endeavour t o collect the fugi tives.

A nother attempt was planned against Terni, but it was the 9 th or

N th before the troops were ready to be sent forward. hletech

from Calvi was directed to march to surprise O tricoli, i n wh ich lie

a ccorded ; and here he captured and put to death an hoepi tal of the

enemy . But Champiounct return ing from A ucouu sent Mat thieu and

M arita against him, who forced h im to return to Calv i, where hem ohliged to lay down h is armswith4000men andfivemoun tain guns.

2 3. Tu: Ktso m eans 1 0 NAPLES w e assume you S ioux .

Mach now now that he couldmalts no head against the French ,

and must withdraw from Rome ; and K ing Ferdi nand, alarmed for

he could travel, hack to h is

ttitm of the

n ine

memong plw ee of Nom m d Con i were aorprimd nnd

token of by the French , and the div isions of Vic torarou nd the Tioino an marched to Vercelli. The

M on tana troopo made a show of reeiatanoe, bu t were easilypu ll-6 M w heN tho King at once aignod all tho nrticlco

regain-Od o!ol hixn and abdicated. A fug itive from his capital, the ill

mnarch left his palace by torchlight during the night of the

fifth, md nneceeded in good hia cncape to h

’

lorenoe, whcroarrived on theM whenco to ok chi for the ialnndo! Sardinia,

m influence and protection of galleyu nd. who was at the

minister at Turin. Joubert, as soon a he had aroun d

the cap ital, dispatched Serro t'ier w ith h is divioion to Florenco , and

m an icatod to Championnet that he migh t rely upon this vein

(ornament and resume the ofl'

ensi ve against Naples. GeneralMackM posted his bu oy w recei ve my attack at Cnpun and behind theVi n n ie. and hold th is position with 2 5000 men well garnishedflith a unmet-1m artillery ; Championnet had now at h is dis

’pon l,

“ deduct the of Romo and Ancong fllfloo in mtryM m ca ry. ootihties were therefore resumed on the Son:t ha t the French advanced guu d under d imnld establishedth at! w i thout opposition at Vcasino andCajanello, and the command

t elm-nl eoon tollowod with the m t orh is army.

Ba msn ru mMINOROA.

The British Ct b inet thinking to ob tain the d u nm.

of a goodlm to m hle their aqmdm s to watch the en tax-mom

resolved on taking ponoeeaion of the island of Minorca.

the Earl St V incent accordio ly detached an expeditionof {our line oi battle ships, nmfthme frigatoa, under Com

modore okwm'th, w ith severalmerchant transports having troopaon boardunderGeneral the Hon .Charles Stuart, which started on ita

N AVAL WAR.

Chat !“ to amrcmdor, and m M ind by thia orphan to m amatho hnom moron tho harbour, and admit mm» of the ah ipa of the

mnu lron . Lnta on tho “ w i ning u i tho lltli W ahipa.anppmu l toho of t ho ihm, wore w on in tho oliin nmi tho Commodore inatant iy

in po t-unit. w ith tho w hom .

"tho Centaur.” a nd tho

to emu-mof tho SpanishCaziidm

”and Pomona.”

m in in {hunt

13minvented iwait domomimi and town. entered into for the ant-fond"Inland ; which waa acoordin Iy tnitan poi-n at ion of bytroops; on tho lbth. For th aorvioa Oman i

decoration of the Bath .

2 0. NAVAL Wan.

in tho tin t action of thia year.on the! 3rd of Janna"?

the Brit“armedaloop.tho Gau

ge,

"6,m mcapturedh two Spa h

aftor a moat heroic 6 once . in whivh uho oat more than half herm m O n the otherhandmn tho lith

nolda. off Uahnnt

mot captured thr imam. On

ahm’t a

Captainupon the Mara,

"when

mi le.

"lio th ahipa worn

each otim ,

"whom after being

o u

gagad t

during which tho “ Huroo io lad in

aha hailati the Mara" that aha m'uoh.

a t im eou t aso m m o.- 2 0. sowmuow m ans TUN N.

- 2 1.

wai t in SW IM M M Q. anuauu . nou n cm om t ocmxm uo.

- 2 3. n ew A? ru omvxtm- Qt. oomm 'u —Tit k

u m "m an to t umour- 2 3. ATTACK w on run rnm u ca n on

m ammonium—m um ABANDO NI momma—2 6. w i n i n tu mum aw AN XDONS su m —2 7. Loan nausea w ants a CAN TO

umon mm mm fl avou r»: nnnxu—axacuu ox or rnmcu ct

nm ou .—2 8. mm . w i th—2 9 . wan m tra m- 80. mn t n or

u mason on SAN (snowman—3L Aru m or am mou n d —32 .

am nnnu um u m ; sout hw est - 38. mm a or acorn- 34.

t ux n o t? or 1m. u m nu onuo on Pl itDttflN‘l'c—Sfi. suuaannm or

matron t o m a Russian —876 Wi n in - 37. run w ane

w o w a n A7 moon l it. u m u mDu n n o ar IMNAPABT&

3a com a-u rn q om mm n o amonxa TO rmncn—w . Blt l‘l’

lstt

ax rxnmon ro m s. HKLm —OAWUM or w e nuw u "Mi nt —40.

m u n at now cam au—mrrut or nation : on ALKDIAMtw—dl.m u n. u an n ucvu on u vanwrm—dfi. nw oru n om—m e murtan t an am u nam voa w oman—48. w an m GERMANY AM)

” i m am- 44. mm “ “ 3m t nconnnn m u xsrw e t urn

am“) or w e w anna“ , wn tcn is nntvnu mom- 45. rm; AuC tlo

amt: M inimum ar unm xow an mm t o moss m ic n th—46.

w e w a nna: non away 70 w e ut ran unmet—47. suwannow

tam em in imu m.a n muons new 31 . oorm un mo rm:nuvzt 'aW lh "M ESA assume w e un know n - 49. ow n s or

m ama t un ma um rp bo. SUWARROW mucus meWA Y ro t u tu

M i nna—b i . m s nuw w n u n wm i nm ws our our umu nur,

aan auwu utow nus AT sr. rmnuw nno p w . mu t an t cuw w rmtor m asts“ . suwannow , lu ti hwtt l, AND l?ALl ltN! it i .—53. wan on

m sw arm—64 . w ith m tu n —tu r ns or (macaw—60. S i ltutt mmm m or w omen—56. aavow n on or rm: lBrn li ltUat Alit tt .

61 . M NM‘AW rim mason - 08. mm . w i th—59 . wm w n orm-an

'ams n slimm er

, w a lnu t , AND in. m oon—60. WAlt mu nu - nnooanu n n uq umnun AND nn rnon n u COhlAO i l ilLLw

ti l. m a w u c cannon. or w anm.—02 . mu n ur m uom or unw

t tau, wunax tm, A h !) at vmzt, n u n mmsum or run human.

08. mu n ” autumn or Vtm nu‘r-J ow nsn, onus“ , A

ND mant a,m utate or FN NOR.

—(N. munn ar aanout or on t‘l‘Rit, w alnu t.

or m a ne- lib. “ lun ar MEMOi lt or was “ mu or noon, AD

M or ou t ? [mu m - 06. mu u ur am ount 09 am smearelm .consonant h rmu. NAVY or ow n nmu m.

l. (hu nmonnsr narla n Possession or N arn ia.

Gothard, moved upon Diaacndis and Coire. General Larges was

ordered to cross the river by the ford of Haesch , and Menard and

Chahran posits Meyenfeld ; but the waters rising in the course Ofthe nigh tfglas ena was compelled to throw over a tressel bridge at

Am os.w ith a view to attack the intrenchmen ts at Lucienstieg.wherethe Austrian (0c had 1 2 00 men w ith live guns in a fort m at wi th

Aufl‘

en burg retired and tookup a

'

tion beh ind the Languart, but was again driven baeltism Here he found h imself assai led by the brigade of

Chabrnn in front, and by other divisions in the mountains in h is

rear,when his troops took to fligh t, and he himself surrendered

with 2 000 men and ten guns. Oudiuot on the same day advancedon Fsldltirch, where be encoun tered Hotze, w ho, ignoran t of the fateof Lucienstieg, was marching to the assistance of A ufi

’enburg, but

now finding h imself opposed to dispro port ionate numbers, determinedon a “ treat, in wh ich he succeeded, leaving some prisoners and

him. Lecourbe had quitted Bellinaona , at the head

Maggiore, on the 7th, to enter the Engudines, and

sent from Bellegarde's army to oppose h im. The

French army descending the Bernardin, arrived at Tunis. A t this

the Rh ine is com d in its full vo lume in that most gloomycalled the Via ala, one of the most dreary gorges that the

mind can conceiv e ; a precarious an d perpendicu lar precipice above,a boiling whirlpool at the base. presenting obstacles to the progress

of an army that a almost insurmoun table. Here the FrenchM n formed i into two divisions to reach the ex treme boun

ot'

the Grisona: the one under Lettourbe ascended the valley of

Albula:and the other, under Mainoni, crossed the hills to the

m of the Inn, and on the loth entered Silva-Plan ia. London

on the N th recovered Pon to from Lecourbe,who had en tered it, and

on the 15th surprised Mainon i at Schuls and took him risoner and

h cosrhe on the 17th was repulsed in an attack on the iiwtiiied place

admiration , not

part icularly forLecourbe. The

h u be sb ould ban jndged n flk r M bc du d thog

ofl wid fln VflMM and ww ld lu vv h u m fimo w

i m a m .

The n -min t)! the Archduke and Jam-ch in M ound ”W am h oflwr botm tbe

(be outpost: of each army Mnam ed men vm now

M eo w -reen tbo mnube w d

M h dm Axel:hem tha n . Tl

and ob l‘ged them to fxflh ck gbmm mwere repulsed in their turn. nod th in

The Archduke finn ed

flmlet of tht t

pu nch, whilem a m c h m y md d l lbo u vdry undcr fiwD’lfm tponh z the divh im M éc Cyr m oa tbeb M -p h u i

con tinu um of tho Oou-u h witb tt anube.

The Archdukediv ided b ie l rmy into thm d atum Infi eldto the attack on the m ly morning of the N ot e!

W ooo t nd tm ty oqu dm mtder tho Prim of ww to adn noea & Cmpm <h d by u and-mmdod x tlae Amhd in peraou witb tho m d m an na !

Saulgl o by the ifigb m dw u h bn gmd fiw wM W and forty-two oqmdm m tomow

ochmm iu tbe u me dim tion . General 54a

into the hi lls and wooda beyond them, in which they now

reached for the nigh t.

ourdain had teaolutely directed St. Cyr to march on Messk irch,to send Vandamme wi th l2 00 men and 600 horse to threaten

m r of the Archduke's righ t ; but when the state of affairs

and the retreat «f Son lt were made known to h im,

the impossi bili ty of gettin g away these divisions acres the

mbe, unlees he did so before the Austrians m ured the bridges.

therefore directed St. to cross the river, w ho reached Sigia the course of t e n ight,

'

and made his retrea t to the

F orest by the left bank, alto or independen tly of the mainry ; b ut a demi ~brigade which e had previously dispatched to

as sistance o f Soult was compromised and obliged to lay down

r arms to the Germans in the rav ines about Cher-Schwandorf.figh t pu t an end to the con test ,w hich had been enflicien tly bloodywery side, fur the bat tle had lasted from break of day w ith un

upled obstinacy, hav ing incurred between them a loss of IQOOO

it Bo th armies, indeed, con t inued to occupxd urin g the n igh t the

finals they had held in the morn ing, wh ich induced Jourdain tort that he had not been defeated ; and before break of day be

0 at tached the h t oi'

the Imperialism at Wahlwies, but th is

a mere feint to tetract the atten tion of the Archduke, for hisy both in i ts morale and i ts numbers was quite unequal to renew

“ Mic . The French General-ih -Chiet'

had now reason to fear

M in flank from h is adversary by a march into Sw itzerland ;

zw rdingly he sen t the brigade Rubi to Schafl

'

haueen to re

General Xain traillea, while he marched his army across theobe to the Black Forest to reun ite h imself to h is left w ingtr St. Cyr. The Ar chduke rested at Stokach until he was jo inedthe corps of Sz tarray out of Franconia. li e, however, sen t

N d Sl tarray on the 3rd of April to take post at Vilingen , inr to preven t any advance from the enemy on the side of the

rt M : for the M uch had attacked the Imperial ou tposts at

plu g on the 3oth , but the Archduke sent 06 detachments, whi ch

m ingo

on the mountains at St. George alarmed General Br

6, u had succeeded to Jourdain’s command, to such a degree,

on the 6th Ferino's division crossed the Rh ine at Brisach , and

e of Sou lt, Souham, and St. C r passed the bridge of Kehl on

8th , leaving only some poata o observation on the left bank of

river.

he’n trsat of Jourdain ohli Bernadette to raise the blockadeand to cross t e Rh ine likew ise, and the Directory

the command from Jourdain, and gave that at theo w to Mam . The Archduke ,

righ tly judged that the

li t m now to be fough t out in Sumner-land, and therefore would

ln-tnwtinnnnf tt im for tho plun of the ” va

gin a.

In

M Gam a! w ean-ct army behind the Mtm m ! it into m mud «am-um . tho om under hi. m mM , nwd tbs tithe? mi dst that of Mam a. Mfmtriuhu d mua! t i»"wh om-n attack on thouido of Lognngomnd Man n a ta

m Va nna, wh it. Schow himn l! ndvanmd ngn inut tho ImpoVring on the side of the Lug" di Gm ln. Noth ing was

aturn of theM 0300 of the Austrian“ but h is. inform»

led Bonn er to behave it to ho nour Rim“, when in tm th

(who. commanded in tho t h ence of Mel» ) had h is hu dn a Pa lm ,

and hit:m y m m toncd all th e way between

fo und Verona.M ind the Adige, inm m ! in tmnchod cuntpv

mm m ated at Pnutw ngn. an this narrow nook of him;u p ) di Garth and tho Adm, another no t in: distant

Mi t t Bun-ole isthird at Bov i in , a fourth at Armi n mfilm .and a at Connoi ve in the 060mm. On the 96th

uh (“ 13m t'

rom I’t nehiern having a iled on tho Lug» dihefozt

lw Fronch army marched. General Del.r» o rdered ha trance against Puotn ngo, where hi troopthe nnfln luhod wot‘lu about that v illage w ith mecca ; but

Incwith hit brigada could not nom ad aga inst the regiment. of

W ‘M unch, pat ted at Bum lw g u. until (imminr, who hadb u t N M by s anolo. had forced the Auutrinnu under

t i M t: to cm.» tho river between the two camp. at Polo.

nne m (mo

i

ro

i

dintcl n

pom s-ion t, wi the

relinq ti t-b od at the nameh is m ond in command.lldvr the [mut ation of a

van back behind thetrim General Devin

little better than a well w ith towers w ithout any ditch , similarthe works of M ; nevertheless the new mm dndertalten

Philippeaox reqnired to he studied, and the

gineer, General Stimson , therefore undertook

a personal reconnaieahnce of the new thee d

the pain in silence, and hav ing concluded h is examination rettin

to the treachea. On the 2 0th the parallel was opened°

ot 160 toi

from the place. General Cafiarelli, who commanded at the sic

new the neeead ty of protectin g his men from the weather as wellfmm the fire from the ramparts, and accordingly in anti

”

on it

long siege he availed himself of m e caverns in the ne gh hoormake to cover hismen , nflto w ere thus aleo enabled to chulin fl'water (an importan t. consideration in Syria) from the KMand another small rivnlet on the righ t of the attack. On the

“

!the British men-of-war boats made on attem t to cut ou t of

port of Cnifl'

u M r djerma or swilink lighters w ich had in th

wi th supplies for the Fremh army, but the attempt {all and a

considerable ion On the 2 6th a sortie was

fort r

ess

:h

at

fathom acc

ru e ; on the 9

2th th

0 an princi tower. a ronn one

emailed on the 2 9 thpv

‘

v

‘

i th such litt le eh'

the trenches did not regard the email brenc iby it enfi eiently elfeetive for the nssnnlt ; nev

could not be restrained, but

the unbroken coon

mean wh ile ev ery species of hostile

assailants rosin and boiling oil ; thethiase etoutly , b ut could not mainta

to l back. This repulse conv incedtn dealwith very difl'erent foee from th

seven th cn" that had been made against the walla of Aere.

Gotten ] Verd conducted it, and, as before, reached the mmmi t ofthe works, but the flanking fire from the ah i in: kept them nailed to

the aame spa t tilltour ia theafternoon, when lober‘adivision solicited

the honour of a last assault. The bri dier to whom was en trusted

its ha d. turned to Murat na he led cl? ismen and said, Si In placed'Acrc n

’eat pas pria cc coir, aoia assure no Venoux est mart.” The

result was realized ; the General was lt i led, and the place was not

um ; General B en was also now added to the list of the dead,abet through the belly b a muskeeball, and the Chef-de-hatalllon

N ew. aide-deo eamp to £00 3 was also left in the breach.

had been etaehed on the 18th to rent out M.

Pen ‘e‘a aquadren [mm the ports of the coast. and had arrived at

M a, and w asbeginn ing to chase the enemy. when an aw ful ex

pleaion en board the 74 startled the combatants, who saw in a momen t the brave vessel a mass of flames. Captain Miller was struck

from Jaflh w ith new suppliesbegan to fail to the bee:proclamations in Fren chmn.to sow discord in theFrench

were on th is occasion sacrificed.and

denble b ln t upon the reputation of

tru er, v lto sustained th e attack for several hours under great dis

o f n ow un tilGen eral Stuart had disembarrassed h imselfa di vision wh i had been sen t against h im to intercept his ad

stance; and new came up to them istanue of h is advanced guard w itha strong body of Europeans. He at tached at once the assa ilants who

d reached the rear ofMon tresor, whom,after a sharp engagement

about half an hour, he put to flight. GeneralStuart then advancedt T ippen

‘sfront attach , although h is men were almost exhausted

tlt fatigue and destitute of ammun ition ; but the fortune of the dayhad alrea dy turned to h is side : the enem gave way before h im and

” tn -AM in all directions, leaving upwa of 1000 dead on the field.

The British loss was N 3 ltiiled, wounded, and missing.

” I t was

who was man ifestly resent w ith h is prin

another attach, an General Stuart , not

Sedasir, now abandoned it ; but after re

s fron t the Mysorean army retired w ithoutw on .

14. Barn s or Mast/tram .

All this while the grand army of the Carnatic was nearin Tippoo’s

mm b slow and steady marches. On the 2 7th the M ras armym e edMallavelley , forty miles from Seringapa tam, and h itherto

had advanced wi thou t opposition . Here the British army encamgi'ed,

and seized on some tanks at a place called Achel. The Sultanu ad

m his hands w ithout caring any longer for General Stuart,fore after his discomfiture at Sedasir, he had taken post at

heright. The infan try line of

cavalry w ith groat finances. repainting them wi th considerable !The Sultaun

'e hum nevertheless char d w i bowlin

gsome of them penetrated to General larrie'

whomeven cxchao ed pietol

-ahote. The brunt of the bat tle W hon[write by We lceley and Fl

inat the tum or. and commrd, and coolly dellvcrcd i t: are ;

w ith good clfoct by theBritish, whoto the cl tho Asiatlee waveredcavalry d ed into theirdisordorodthe little that the bayonet lmd left thmn to do. Tippoo w itnesseddestruct ion of his best “

cuchoon.”

and instan tly retiring hie gabando ned the 6c by so rapid a rctm t.that his army was:coonof thc m ch of the British cannon. The loan to the c mqbcrorano more than 1 14 killed, Wounded, and min ing. The loan toSultaun was at least 1000. in which number were three of hia l

the 2 8th General ti ara-is resumed hla ma

laid w

wh ich advance. It was a fatal o *

ht fo r he thus uncovered the bu t Mh capital. The country thmugh which Harrie ceded m 6 1mpplied. nnd his Innrch was leisurely cfl

'

cc unchecked by"cc of a single enem

y. When he reached goallay he out-pf

umlroda ot’

pcaaanta w it cattle. ahoep. and goata. almost I?computation.which had been collected for the provialonmen tSnltunn

’a army.

Tippoo was seized with dccpalr when on the 30th he foam!mll tako. a nd summon ing h is chief «mom around him, he drumWlmt h

your determinnt icm. for we have now arrived at our

an ge l"

To die along w ith you.

"was their generous

progreta of the British army after crossing the Cana ry m i:ever, alow and it m e the lat of April when the Cmnmander-ih -C

in gcn order- congratulated hia army on the eight ol‘

Sech

patntn .

to. San a arm 0m m or Sn moarau n—Dlm u or‘l‘m -t

Somme.

two milee and 8 half dimm! The siege opcmtione, which com

command ofw comh Gillieg of the 3th,

tent is f~z

to catahliuh a.a (net , that th Metcicncy of pluck in the illcatrlouobeen foundaalw p when his battaother: to have been at the bottomn at the head of h is regimen t i tcalumnlcr a man who has beenf. no tmwly m tall in w w ig"

that an amore qncaticm c

on than it everdo“ to

wh cw it a calit gt:

74th , sud the flunk comyisnles of DeMeuron's regiment, was com»

man ded by Mont -Colonel Dunlop, nod the other, consisting of the

1 2 th and 2 3rd and six flank companies, by Co lonel S herlock . A fewmin utes after one o’clock Baird stepped out of the trench.snclwavinghis sword, eaclsimed. Now , my brow fellows, fo llow me, sud prove

rselves worthy of the name of British soldiers.

"i n an instant

h columns leaped out of the parallel, und entered the bed of the

ri ver ; the engineers had msrlted the place for fording it.and now

the forlorn hope, both columns crossed and mounted the

The forlorn hops was encountered b the room, snd tho

greater portion of those on on both si cs porisho ; but the

assailan ts pressed on, and w t o m en minutes.

from the time

the trenches. the Brit

i

sh dog was wav ing on the gates.

insaprssslb le sur prise he now f ound a “ Gu ild dit ch full of

water w i th in the outer wall that had been breached. The two

onlumns therefors s road righ t and left sh in the rampart they hadu rrird. Colonel unlop, who c ommundm the left stuck, was

wounded at the summit of the breseh , and Lsmbton , brigade-majorto Baird, assumed the command and led the men forward. Tippoomet th is column along the northern rampart.sud having tslten postbeh ind one of the trau m a encouraged his soldiers bo th b voiceand m m s

h

to mslte a stand, and several Europeans ft"by is own

m yof his troops remainedw ith him,

ho continued to

mo ts thoh

lighting on foot, t ill hsvi arrived at a. bridgeto the inner fort he mounted his how c

n‘but here the

was so

insmuob crowded he could scarcelymalts h is way through is own

ma n The light infantry of the 1 2 th reginwnt had discovered it

w mge over the ditch into the inner fort, and these now

Opened within side thegate upon the Sultsun it part .which

struck him w ith two wounds 3a third shot lt illed his horse,w ich fell

ss to the

fromthem the were given ou r into (malady.andamhmto maskamongat the a In about the tow . Whfi l

’

. his palanmdn ad howfound. A t length tho hody or'l‘ip was diooovm d: thoOpen and tlm body an warm that t was do ubted whathor ho wu not

yet aiivo : tho turban,mah , and bolt were goua ; hut Colcmoi WMN ooguiw d tho budy an that of tho Sultan", and it was piaood ahtnquin and carrimi into tho palace. During tho timo Of(3 search h int of h is aoua wore taitou than , and thm

prince: were ta u “ out the woman. were allm m for a»ent ity to the camp ; and Y

n eamionary moaaum wore humadopted by Baird to m tu n viulonoo and plundoring. The 33rd

74th mgiments took poaam iun of the palm ; and next (intendWallaaloy wan constituted Govomm'

of tho town by Gong?)Mand too k command of tho furtrm . Tho proforma thug givena o nlomd of a w gimcnt ovor 0mm ! Baird, who had commandsthrou lmttt tho ed and at the aotmt l stormi of tho fort, m n omuoh

gonmmcmtad

figd’

pon by the army ; Wollfio had not ban

gmw ith tho storming party. but commanded,tho mann a. w

a had wi th the moat tttarkcd gallantryI t in hunt.however. to suppose that tho Cocognilod tho adminiatrattve ability of We

on that account.'l‘i |-poo Sultana w

w ith h igh ahonidet‘a and thic

knook.

command appearauoo of igh l%and had

ora {Mali-t ; but he m a must hoodthiratyw ith tho I life a W ?marked thro

do ch ief M ight :and histhat in a tim 00 he was over N ationaay iug

" that

humlrod like a lamb." Ono of histigora ; ho had a kmmol of them in hisabout the palaeo tho tiger was ombtarp square ii of li t “w on with a hiaact of w ith the huh ry.

"oragar-aw aiti

n

g16. Waa is In “ .

warmw made it“ cli’lm‘i tiuns [or the blockade and siege of the twoflormer of theee fortresses, and ordered General Kleuau to cross the

Po and watch the latter fortress. He w ith roper delicacy entrustedto GeneralKa

y8:t he had superaed in the command of tho

Auatrlan forces me operations. and on the i7th he went forwardhlmn lf w ith the bulk of the allied amiy in three columns. The cityof Brracia was evacuated at t he first sho the French commanderretiring w ith l l00 men into the cu tie :an alarmed at t he swarms

t inundated the plain, the Brigadier Bonn et,who commnnded

aomeufhat hastily capitulated. GeneralMelaa, restored in h ieba ni . hadnow rejoined the army. The stance! the wen t iter was exe

etable, and the roads such as to preven t the armyadvancing as rapidlyan the oldW hahaldesired :on a proaching Chleai the Russian corps

onthe ex treme left j ostled the ustrian line of march, and they allaccordin ly halted upon theMalia. The ire of the old ch ief bro ke outin the l

'

owin order of the day : J'entenda qu'on so plaint de cc

l‘inlnntei’ iga eu lea piedsmouilles—ainsi is voulait lo tome.moo

,lea petite maitres, lee pu easeux demanden t souls de henna

jam Lea opeu tions,'

résolues promptement, doivent étre Executdoaans perdre one minute pour no

’

pas ln isser l l’

ennemi is tems do so

witm : celui ui a one maa iee somepent renter en arriers.

lo do it étré lvree do joug des athéeset den q yais ; chequeha ve oilicier doit se ancrilicer pour y pureenir ; i t's raissouneurs he

preven t Ott o aoufl’erts dans aucune arm'

ée. Du coup d’w il, do in

pmmpti tude, de la v igueur: c'est assez ur

The French army. as has been ai etate had retired behindthe Adda. Sen -drier on its left occupied Leooo on the Lago diComo, and ed its hrid Grow er occu ied Cansano, wherethere wan a a hrid in rout of which been constructed a

dold-work. held Lmli and its tfte-de-

poat. The rivvr

ii fordable along ita whole course in the dry season, and was

b lem . Scherer‘a army consisted of no more than

and thesewere disseminated along the whole extent from theValte

’

lina to Placentia, to defend itself against men advancingn aolutoly hut slowly to an encounter. The op using armies comein contact oh the 2 oth near Ciemnua, alter w ich the allies esta

own blunders was too much for h im, and

resignation to the Directory, and remitted

ly to Mureau, to the loudly

17. Dam : or Canaan .

men to besiegenurture at

mienx,

’ajon ta le Généralimime, j

’eepers vous y suivre b ientdt.’

‘A la bonne heure,’ reprit le vaincu .

Moreau , leaving a garrison of 1500 men under General Béchart inthe citadel ofMilan, hastened to reorgan ize h is army. l-le separated

it in to the divisions. The one,under Gren ier

, halted at -Valenza tocover Turin ; and the other, under Victor, marched on Alessandria,to be d park

’

s for the arrival of Macdonald’s corp sd’arntés, wh ich had

been ordered up to the banks of the Po from Naples.

Suwarrow was not a man to remain long dallying at Milan . On

the lat of May he moved h is head-quarters to Pavia, and pushedWukassov ich across the river to N o vara. Zoph and Frmlich crossedthe Po on the 6th , andmoved on Alessandria. The Prince of Rohanwas sen t w ith four battalions to the Lake of Como to look after the

repu blican forces on the side of the Valteline. Ott moved on Parmato

°

ve the hand to K lenau, who had been left to blockade Ferraraan?these generals received orders to keep a sharp look out for the

arrival of Macdonald from the sou th . General Kray in the meantime succeeded on the 6th in making h imself master of Peschiera ;and on the same day GeneralLat terman invested the castle ofMilan.and General Kaim that of Pizzighitone, which last surrendered on

the 9 th . That General now accordingly united himself w ith ; second

Russian div ision of 6000 foot and l000 horse under General Forster,which had come up to the allied army, w ith the young Grand DukeConstan tine, son of the Czar, who had come to learn the art of war

under Suwarrow . The defensive plan adopted by Moreau obligedthe Gen eralissimo to limit his operations to three views: the first wasto force the French General-in-Chief from the strong position that he

had assumed ; the second, to interrupt all communications betweenthe armies of Sw itzerland and I taly ; and the third, to prevent thejunction of the somed

’arméa from Naples.

19. Contest s u MUGABONE u mMaw oo.

On the 9th ofMay the allied army was again in motion. Kaim

pos ed the Scriv ia. Chasteler blew in the gates of Tortona, anden tered it under the fire of the citadel. Wukassovieh advanced on

Cassie and N ovello. Karaczay was detached to Novi, Seravalle,and Gav i, and insurrections against the French were raised at Mon

dov i, Ceva, a c. On the llth Rosenberg crossed the Po at Valenza;Suwarrow himself overlooked th is operation , for it was an ex

ceedingly hazardous one,since the southern bank commands the

stream,which is here cu t in to several channels forming islands.

The Russians got possession of Mugarone notwi thstanding the opposition of the Adjutant-General Garran ; and the next mor ningGeneral Tschubarofl’, w ith 7000 chasseurs and art illery, passedacross the stream at Bassignano ; and as soon as the Cossacks sawthese soldiers on the other side they dashed in to the river and swamover. When Moreau heard of th is passage he ordered Gren ier to

la nd firm,while he brought up Victor in great haste from Ales

n adria. A t about one o’clock the fight he the Grand Duke

(beau

tiesfleshed his maiden sword by 1 ing h is troops against

0L. 0

SUWA RROW EN TERS TUBIN

the village o f Pezzet ti, w hich the French held ; bu t Gardonne, hav ingpassed the Po at a ford , surprised the Russians there . who were

obliged to ret ire in to the island ; the fly ing bridge they estab lishedat th is po in t hav ing bro ke, a large po rtion of the Museuv itea wen

forced to lay down their arms. and their General, Tachubd wufl'

, was

killed. The Russians lost 1600 men killed and prisoners, w ith fear

guns. in this ligh t ; and the French had abou t 600 have de amid ,includ ing General Quesnel, who was killed. As soon as the Generalissimo heard o f this con tretemps he recalled Rosenberg, and pre

pared ano ther plan for a ttacking his adversary.

Moreau . on h is side, uncertain as to the in tentions of Suwarmafter th is che ck , determined on a reconnaissance to make out whath is obje ct m igh t be ; w ith th is view he threw a bridge across the

B on n ida, near Marengo . in the nigh t of the lS th - t h. General LI

signan . now command ing the div ision of Fra lick (who was sick),came up at n ine in the morn ing t o the ground to see what was themean ing o f th is advance, bu t on h is way he happened to come aero

the Russian div ision of Prince Bagration , on itsmarch from Nofi b

Cambio , who , hearing that the French had showed some bu ilt

in ten t w ith a prepo nderating force, determined to halt one if hidivisions and carry them to Lusignan

’s assistance. A t eleven o

'clock

the Austrians had retired before Lusignan to near San Giulia“ .

w here the Russians joined them and the republiu tn troops hadn

deavour ed to get round the righ t of the Austin -Russian line, but Bl

gra t ien by an able manoeuvre th reatened the left of his adveru r}.and a gallant charge brough t back the brigade commanded by GeneralColli, n ho had obtained a momen tary success against a detach“

of the allied forces. A t th is momen t als o some troops under Rah .

which had been sent for from Garofolo , appeared upon the ground,and Mo reau

,find ing that he had lost already 400 or 500 men, ai d

could effec t no object of importance, no w ordered a retreat a“

the Borin ida, w h ich he effected w ithou t any loss the amoun t of al'til

lery employed on th is occasion , and the display of forces of Mnations alarmed Moreau

,and be resolved to break up h is pom

'

tion and

ret ire to Turin .

2 0. Suwm aow amass Tums.

On the 17th , accordingly , bo th armies began their march QC

Turin on the two sides of the Po, Suwarr ow cataping his right w

beh ind the Scaia. Moreau detached Victor with ten battalions

four squadrons to march up on Acqui, in order to reinforce Genit al

Perignon ,w ho had arrived frmn France at Genoa. The General-h

Ch ief als o garrisoned A lessandria w ith 3000 men, wh ich only I!“h im 8000 men for h is personal command, and w ith these he sl

tored Ast i on the 18th . He here received information that can

and Mondov i w ere in the hands of the insurgen t royalistg and haccordingly dispatched to France, by way of the pass of Feast

trelles, all the heavy baggage and art illery, and prepared to omthe advance of the enemy on Turin. When Suwarrow paleeived theintentions of Moreno , be dispatched the division of Schweikowai i h

WAR IN SWI TZERLAND .

take possession‘of Valenza, and to proceed to the investment of

Alessandria, and sen t forward Wukassov ich on the fii st w ith the

advanced guard by way of Ch iavasso and the left bank , who on the

87th o f May reached the capital of P iedmon t. Here after all he onlyfound 2 500men , under General Fiorella, so that when a few guns had

been fired and some houses set fire to, the inhabitantsopened the gateof the P0 to the Croats

,Kaim at the same time entering by the Ports

Nova, and Prince Bagration by that of Riv oli a Russian division occopied the Superga. Morean retired on the road towardsMondov i,wh ich Grouchy carried by assault, though he failed against Ceva. The

possession: of Turin gave an immense supply of ammun it ion w ith 300cannon and muskets. Wh ile Suwarrow rested here, Kaimwas directed to reduce the citadel

,for which these afforded ad

ditional means ; and detachments were pushed after the enemy upthe various valleys of the Alps. Bagration marched away on Sun ,

Lusignan on Fenestrelles, Wukassov ich on Mondovi and Ceva, andSeekendorf on Montenot te. The rapid advance of Suwarrow hadcut o ff all communicat ion between Moreen and Massena, and itwas now necessary for th is latter to guard any descent of the

enemy in to the Engadins through the Valteline. General Lecourbeaccordingly was ordered to un ite h imself wi th Loison on the 6th

of May near the Splugen : the division of th is latter General had

been driven ou t of Tonal by a detachment of Count Bellegarde’sarmy under Colonel Strauch , and at th is time Count de Rohan hadarrived at Beronico ; Lecourbe, therefore, th ink ing these movementsindicated an intention of forcing the pass of Mont St. Go thard

,

resolved, w ithout orders, to attack these two detachmen ts before

they could un ite. On the i 3th he defeated Rohau , and advancedas far as Lugano. Suwarrow , alarmed at this apparition, orderedHohensolleru, w ho was besieging Milan , to send off a reinforcementto these two generals, which joined them at Fonts Trezza on the

17th , and drove back Lecourbe. In themean while Hohenzollern

pushed forward his Works against the castle of Milan w ith sucheffect tha t it surrendered on the 2 4 th and the besieging force wasnow sent to reinforce the army of Baron Kray before Mantua. On

the same day Ferrara surrendered to General Klenau , and Ravennaand Bimin i were all occupied by the Austrians before the 3oth of

May ‘.

2 1 . Wan IN Sw irzsau nn.

A fter the battle of Stokach the Archduke was taken with a seriousillness that preven ted all offensive operations, on the side of theAustrians , during the entire month of April. GeneralMasaena, appo in ted Generalissimo of all the armies opposed to his imperialH ighness, was in the mean wh ile organ izing his forces for the defenceof Sw itzerland. A t this time Lecourbe w ith his div ision was, as we

have seen , in or about the Engadina and Valtcline, Menard was in

the Grisens, Ge neral Lorges was along the Rhinthal down to the

1 JM - Dm ViM m et Ocnqeetes.n Q

H GBT AT FRAUENT ELD .

of th is place cut oi? the retreat of the French w ho w ere yet in the

Brettigau . The C ol de Lucie was also occupied. Menard’

s div ision

was nearly overwhelmed, and separated in to two divisions ; the one

under Chabran falling back on Rheineck, and Suchet on Dimentis.The loss to the French in these operations gave nearly 4000 menand twen ty pieces of cannon to the Austri ans. Massena, finding h isright broken up, determined to call in that wing of his army altogether, and on the 2 oth Menard and Im urhe were w ithdrawn to

Wallenstat t. wh ile the div isions of Thurman, Oudinot, and Van

damme were called in from the left w ing , and Soult fell back beh indt

zh:O

T

lEmr, w ith a v iew of adopting a posi tion that should protect

rtc

The Imperialists had now almost en tirely cleared the coun try of

the Grisons of the enemy, and the Archduke therefore resolved to

h the war w ith v igour into the heart o f Sw itzerland. General

llegarde w ith eighteen battalions and 4000 cavalry was sent againto Ch iavenna , since he was no lo nger of serv ice to General Betas,

and he arrived there on the 3oth , and main tained the°

unct ion of

the armies of his Imperial H ighness and Suwarrow . Ifav ing now

addressed a proclamat ion to the Sw iss people. h is Imperial H ighness

prepared to cross the Rh ine,w h ich he felt he could no t have done

until the sou th and east of Sw itzerland were safe. He caused bridgesto be constructed at Stein, over wh ich the advanced guard, consist ingof twen ty-one battalions and thirty squadrons, under General Nanendorf, cmsscd on the 2 lst . On the 2 2 nd H o tze arrived at St . Gall

,

and placed his adv anced posts at Schwartzenhach , and sent Petrasch

to Pfyn to unite h imself w ith the A rchduke ; a position was t aken

up, therefore, by the whole army behind the Thur, from the Rh ine

to the Ith ine. On the 2 8rd the head-quarters were transferred to

Schafl'

hausen . while the reserve o f the army was encamped near

Kloster-Paradis ; and here mat ters rest ed awh ile to enable llotze toclose up to h is right upon his Imperial H ighness from St. Gall.

2 3. F IGHT sr FRAUENFELD.

Hassena felt the necessity of stirring before the Archduke and

Hotze could un ite, and on th is accoun t, o n the 2 4th , he made h is dis

positions t o attack the separated corps at the same time ; he ad

vanced

is head- quarters to W interthur,and direc ted the brigade of l’tnllard

to mo ve o n Andelfingen , and Ney on A ltykcn , w h ile he dispatched

General O udinot to Frauenfeld against IIo tze, keeping Soult’e divi .

eion in reserve . On the 2 6th , at break of day , Paillard and Neyattacked, and soon forced back the Austrians out of Andelfin

gen,

and drove them acr oss the Thur, where many were drownet in .

gett ing t o the other side of that river, bu t the bridge hav ing beenburned the French could not follow them. In th is conflict G enerals

Piaczeck and K ienmnyor were wounded at the head of the Austriancavalry. A t the same time Undino t came it near Frauen feld w ith

Ho tae’s advanced guard, under l’etrasch . ere the French cr ossed

the river, no twithstanding that the lmperialists held the bridge underthe command of a powerful artillery, but having crossed it they were

MA SSEN A A BANDON B ZURICH .

combat on either side. General Rosenberg was detached to un ite w ithHo tze to make ano ther at tempt upon the Zurichberg, and again got

possession of the far ms, where he encountered Massena h imself w itha column of grenadiers, w ho drove back the Austrians, and almostcrushed them w ith the grape from their guns. In this affair Cherin,Ch ief of the Staff, was k illed. The Prince of Lorraine was drivenback by Humbert , and when n ight terminated the contest the Im

perial troops had effected no more than to establish themselves onthe left bank of the Glatt. The armies passed the n ight in presenceof each other.

The Archduke, on the 5th, took an exact v iew of the positionbefore h im, and resolved on a new attempt on the n igh t of the 6 th o6th,by employing the division of Nauendorf more actively. I t did not,however, take place, for the attack on the Zurichberg hadMassena that he could not hope successfully t o main tain the position

against the numbers opposed to h im. and the French General-inCh ief w ithdrew the same n ight from the town

, and crossed the riverLimmat to form h is army on the heigh ts of A lbis, resting i ts righton the Lake o f Zug . H e placed h is head-quarters at Bremgarten onthe Russ. The Austrians took possession of the French in trenchmeats, and in Zurich ob tained a considerable arsenal w ith 160 piecesof artillery .

The A rchduke, having est ablished his headq uarters at Klotten,felt h imself notw i t hstanding unable to carry on the war in to SwitZerland. H e saw that in order to turn the position taken up byMassena, he must either pass the Rh ine, the Aar, and the Ross, orhe must march by h is left through Zug , Schw itz, and Underwald ;but the Archduke was not in force sufficien t to adopt such com

plicated operations, and at th is momen t Suwarrow sen t to h im to

demand a reinforcemen t o f men to besiege the fortified placesof the French in I taly . Bellegarde was therefore sen t to Suwarrow

’s

assistance, and I Iaddich was also ordered to follow that Generaltowards I t aly. From this period, therefore, to the month of September, the Imperialists and French were merely occupied in the

Brisgau , the Margraviate of Baden, and in the Palatinate, in conflicts

w hich at o ther periods might have deserved to be recorded, but atth is momen t were not of any impo rtance in their results. I t is not

the least surprising part of the campaign that has been related, that

two such bodies of armed men as we have seen to have been engaged

in con tinual contact in Sw itzerland. could have subsisted for so longa period, where a single traveller w ould find it difficult to live with

on ly h is ow n family. The campa ign in Sw itzerland had now lasted

fr om the 14th o f May , the day on wh ich Lucienstieg was first nt

t acked, to the 6 th of June, when Massena abandoned the Zurichbcrg.It was in tru th one sing le bat tle of n ineteen days’ c on t inuance ; andnow at the end of it Sw itzerland belonged to neither party . Massena held b ut a very remote corner of it , yet if the Archduke venturedint o the country a league or tw o , the French Generalwould instantlyresume possession . In the midst of June then , at the period tbs

tat favourable for making war in these mountains, it became a l i t

N ELSON A N NULS a cu rmm 'rt on .

of “stalemate,

” for neither French nor Austrian had a move upon

the board.

2 0. Waa m ITALY—MACDONALD anmnons N APLES.

At ten tion has now been w ithdrawn for some space from the south

of Italy, where a revival of an ancient practice in war was after the

lapse of some centuriesagain exh ibited to the world. A Cardinal, w ithevery sanction ecclesiast ical a nd military, commanded in the field.

Rufi‘

o,a rough boldman ,ofno moralcharacter, but su ited to the times,

had succeeded in ra ising the nat ive populat ion of Calabria , to the

number of or men, in the cause of the crown , and was

in arms against the l’arthenopeian Re public. General Duhesme was

sent, on the luth of Feb ruary, to endeavour to restrain th is force,and he carried

'

i‘rani by assau lt on the 2 ud of April, attended w ith

much severity, but he could w ith difficulty defend h imself from the

insurgen ts in the district of La Puglia, where they got possession of

Cosenza ; but at th is juncture his chief, Macdonald, received urgent

commands from the Directory to abandon Naples, and repair w ith

out delay to the banks of the Po . The whole republican force under

that G eneral’s command was men, and having therefore destined 6000 of these for the garrisons of Fort St. Elmo, Capua, andGaeta , wh ich were put into a state to command respect, he hastenedWi th the rest of h is forces to Rome, where he arrived on the l6th and

i 7th o f May, and thence proceeded, w ithout stopping, to Florence,wh ich he reached on the 2 oth . Macdonald established his head

gunn ers at Lucca on the 2 0th of May, and put himself into immeiate commun ication w ith Moreau . In the course of h is march beun ited h imself w ith the div isions of Garnier, Gauth ier, Montrichard,and o th ers, so that he brought up to theModenese a force of

efl'

ective men. He was however in a very critical position. General

Ott, near Pon tremoli, cut off all commun ication w ith Genoa, and

Hohenzo llern and K lenau occupied the duch ies, and had recentlydriven the French out o f Faenza. Macdonald’

sretreat ou t of Naples

has been very much lauded. He had in fact fough t h is way through

a hostile papulat ion , but he wro te word that he must now rest somedays to recover his men from their fatigues, and look to the shoes ofb oth men and horses‘.

2 7. Loan N ansoa mains A CAPITULA‘N ON wm t run Nu rontu n '

Rsssns—Ex ncurton or Patncs Caaaccxou .

Lo rd Nelson had not been inattentive to the affairs occurring at

Naples, w here the Seahorse,” 38, Captain Fco te, had been left to

main tain intelligence, who on the 16th of January obliged the for

tress of Cast rllamare to capitulate. On the 18th the same oflicer summoned Cnsteldel Uovo, garrisoned by some Neapolitan revo lution ists,to wh ich this violent and rather offensive negative was returned :

Vo ili vo tre réponse, éloignez-vous, citoyen, vite, Vite l” The Bis

of Capaico had brough t up a corps of insurgents to Naples, a

1 Dumas.

17 N AVA L wan .

On the 8th of July Ferdinand IV. returned to h is capital, but the

castle of San Elmo, garrisoned by the French under GeneralMejan,still held ou t and refused all summons to surrender. CaptainTroubridge, therefore, undertook to force the General to yield, andhaving on the 1 1 th the command of the allied squadron, a Russian

ship o f the line, under an Englishman,Captain Baillie,was direc ted tofire against one angle, whi le Captain Hallowell opened within 160

yards of the walls fromanother battery ; b ut it was found necessary tofell some trees that impeded the full effect of th is cross fire ; to do

this was a service of so much danger that none of t he woodcutters

could be got to perform the work. The naval officers accordinglyadvan ced to cheer them on , and thus they were induced to follow ; but

although the shot cut the boughs over their very heads, yet , singularlyenough , not one of t hem was hurt. After th is, in the same afternoon , an officer appeared on the walls w ith a flag of truce, and the

fort o ffered terms and capi tulated. Lieutenant Milbank , of the

art illery, was killed, and abou t 1 2 0 British andNeapolitans were puthora dc combat in th is siege of a day.

The fort at Capua was nex t undertaken by Captain Troubridge,who encamped before i t on the 2 2 nd, an d on the 2 6th the besiegedproposed terms and gave it up. The defence had been sufficien tlyspirited, and the fort was mounted w ith 108 pieces of ordnance,nevertheless the besieging force did not sustain a single casualty.

The surrender of Capua was followed on the Slat by that of Gaeta,wi th the French garrison under Brigadier G irardon .

Cap tains'

l‘roubridge, Hallowell, and Lou is, afterwards landed at

Civita Vecch ia, and took that place by a cap itulation , which also in

cluded the surrender of all the Roman States ; when Captain Louis,of the Minotaur,

”rowed up the Tiber in h is bar and hav ing

hoisted the Brit ish colours upon the Capitol of the ternal City, hewas installed, by British au thority, provisionalGovernor of Rome.

2 8. Nu n . Wan.

It is exceedingly difficult to make a clear statement of the doingsof the belligerent fleets during the first part of th is year. On the

86th of Aprira well-appoin ted French fleet of twenty-fi ve sail of theline under V ice-Admiral Bruix, hav ing five rear-admirals under

sailed from Brest, and the morn ing of the same day a British

fleet of six teen sail of the line, under Lord Bridport, lslt the'

samswaters in pursuit and observation of it. The French had twenty-sixsail of the line, of wh ich four were three-deckers, and the total of

figh tin men in the fleet numbered so that it may well be supposedfirst it was quite equal to have accomplished some great undertaking. They proceeded ofl

‘Cadiz, wh ich Lord St. Vincen t blockadedwith a fleet of fifteen sail of the line. The French passed the British

fleet, not attempt ing to enter Cadiz, in which there was a Spanish

fleet of nineteen sail of the line w ith whom they migh t have un ited,

elated that the body of the Prince rose again to the surface, before

qui t ted the port, and was seen under the bowsof his very flag-ship.

N AVA L WAR .

b ut w ithout stopping at all they passed on through the Straits ofG ibraltar on the oth ofMay . L ord Bridport was apprised of the de

parture o f the French fleet on the 2 7th ; but a French chas e-maresw ith fictit ious dispatches having allowed herself to be captured bythe armed logger Black Joke,

”the British Admiral was deceived

as to its dest ination,and sailed away to keep a sharp look out opa l

its supposed progress 08'

the coast of Ireland. As the French ah'

passed L ord St . Vincent ’s fleet they were sigh ted by the Bribut it b lew such a gale that they could scarcely have sto pped, but

taking advantage of the w ind,which was fair for the Straits, they

drove through them rapidly on the oth of May , and passed on ts the

port of Tou lon. wh ich they en tered on the l8th. Lord St. V '

men tspeedily followed after the French fleet in to the Mediterrsnu n,

and anchored on the 2 oth in Port Mahon. As soon then as the

storm had ceased and the oiling was clear, the Spanish fleet put tosea on the 14 th, and on the 2 oth entered the port of

The British fleet having been increased to twen ty sail, made n'

lfor Toulon on the 2 3rd, b ut hearing that the Span ish fleet indquitted Cadiz the Admiral doubled back to intercept them. Tl!

Brest fleet then quitted Toulon on the 2 7th . The French, ah.the defeat o f the N ile, had but few sh ips in that port : n ine ea

Venet ian 64'

s,w ith eighteen galleys, and a few frigates, app“

to have been all the force at th is time in the harbour of Tool“

Some of these cit - Venet ian 74’

s, armed enflute, were taken out with

them t o Sav ona, w here they disembarked some troops on the a t .and on the 3rd o f June Admiral Br uit en tered the port of Gemand had a con ference w ith General Moreau on board his flag

l2 o ; and on the 6th the Admiral again weighed

twenty- two sail of the line. In the mean w h ile, on the 2 nd, Lord St.V incen t

, on account of h is ill-health, gave over the command of the

Mediterranean fleet to Lord Keith, w ho had in fact been to Gents

before the French go t there, and no t hearing any th ing o f them h“returned to Minorca .

“ Thus was the seeking fleet unconscio-lymoving before the sough t fleet , and the lat ter as unconsciously parsuing the fo rmer.

”On the 9 th the French passed w ith in sight‘

Toulon, bu t did no t en ter the r oads ; bu t on the 2 3rd cast anchor h

the port o f Cartagena, and at leng th effected a junction w ith th

Span ish fleet. Lord Keith , w ith 2 0 sail, w hen 0 8'

Monte Turn on th7th , was re in forced w ith twelve sa ilof the line from the ChannelFl“under t he command of Sir Charles Cott on ; but the Admiral hadscarce anch ored in Port Mahon ,

w hen in telligence reached him ithe junction of the French and Span ish fleets , of wh ich he had b“so apprehensive. The comb ined fleets again left port on the u

of July , passed the S traits on the 7th, and on the i 2 th en tered 3h

harbo ur of Cadiz. Lord St. V incen t saw the combined fleets pthe S tra i ts, and sen t out the Penelope,

” 18, Lieutenan t H aiti-ll.to watch them. b ut un luckily he came across the Span ish hi s.Del Carmen ,

”34, a ho opened fi re and compelled her to snm ndet ,

and she was w orth the c ap ture, for she had on board a eons“supply of specie for the island of Minorca. Wh ile Lord Keith was

WAR IN ITALY .

cruising on the 19 th between the Bay of Rosss and Cape Sicie, theadvanced div ision of his fleet

, consisting of the “ Centaur,” 74, theCaptain , 74 , and the Bellona

,

”

74, w ith the frigates Emeraldand Santa Teresa,

”fell in w ith and captured the French squadron

tinder Rear-Admiral Perrée, consisting of the “ Junon,

”38, Captain

Pourqu ier, the“ Alceste,” 36, Captain Barre, the “ Courageuse,”

80, Bu ille, and two brigs of war on their way from Jafl’

a to Toulon .

But the tw o grand fleets never after came in to collision or even sight

of each other. W hat was M. Bru ix ’s object in h is voyage to theMe

diterranean and back appeared for a long while to be a mystery ; nota single host ile port had been v isited or even threatened, and the

combined fleets returned in the middle of August to Brest, wherethe co n tinued for mon ths moored together in inglorious inact ivity.It as since appeared, however, that to Admiral Bruix , who was

Minister of Marine to the Directory,was entrusted a most deli

cate operation , which i t must be conceded he most inefficientlyperformed. By a letter addressed to Bonaparte~by Treillard la Re

veilliere and Barras, under date of the 2 6th of May (wh ich he re

ceived at Cairo), he was apprised of the desire of the governmentto bring h im back to France w ith the Egyptian army either in the

whole or in part. Whether the Admiral received informat ion fromGeneral Moreau in h is in terv iew at Genoa, which induced h im to

return and carry w ith h im the Span ish fleet to Brest for some otherobject , or w hether he could not screw h is courage to the stickinglace

”and encounter Lord Keith w ith a superiority of nine sailof the

e, has never been explained ; but such a fleet as he commanded offorty sa il had never rode theMediterranean for years, and to the ridicule of the world it had rather shunned than sough t an engagement

‘.

2 9 . Was lN ITALY .

A fter resting ten days at Florence, Macdonald quitted it on the

9th of June ; and on the l lth the divisions of Rusca andMon trichard

ru ched Bolog na ; and that of Olivier arrived at Fortn igino, and drovehack the outposts of Count Hohenzollern under the walls of Modena.In the hope of surrounding this Austrian General, Macdonald now

fi lled back Rusca from the side of Bologna to pass the Panaro in the

night Opposite San Giovann i, in order to turn the left flank of the Imlists, wh ile he attacked him on the 1 2 th in fron t from Sassuolo.

ohenzollern had only five battalions and six squadrons w ith him,

not much above 6000 men ; but Klenau with 6000 or 61 00 men was

between Bologna and the Panaro, blockading Fort Urbino. Awaitinga pport, therefore, he placed h is infantry in the faubourgs of Modens, whi le h is cavalry watched the road from Reggio. The French

attacked about ten o’clock , and after an obstinate combat drove the

Au trinna through the faubourg of Pistoya, and entered the city pellI iell with them. General Forest at the head of the light cavalryoverthrew the Imperial horse, but was k illed in the encounter. For

tunately for Hohenzollern h is left maintained itself between the

1 James.

1 7911 ] BA TTLE or LA TREBBIA on an : G IOVAN N I . 2 07

Bagrat ion were brought to the right of the has on the side of Molta

30. Barron or LA Tanners on San G IOVANNI .

Macdonald’s troops were formed up in front of the Trebb ia on the

morning of the 18th, for he does no t appear to have been prepared

for the v igorous assault that the old Marshal now made on him, and

his div isions under Olivier and Montrichard had no t yet come up.

Suwarrow , nevertheless, wisely concluded that, as the French clungto the support of the moun tains on their left flank , it was the side

to press themupon, and he accordingly determined if possible t ocrushthe French left w ing before these reinforcements arrived ; for th ispurpose he went forward himself at ten in the morn ing to Campremolds w i th fourteen battalions and six squadrons, whom he placed

under the immedi ate command of GeneralRosenberg . These wereordered to advance t oRivalta and thence to force the Trebbia, andto push forward to San Giorgio in rear of the N ora stream. To the

ri ht of Rosenberg he had sen t two days prev ious a div ision under

cleeky to Bob bie in the mountai ns, to drive back the republicanGeneral Lapopye and turn Macdonald

’s left flank. General Melas

in the cen tre w ith the divisions of Forster and Frtnhch moved to

attack Grignano , from w hence they drove the French across the

Trebbia after much hard fighting. General O tt, further to the left ,

pursued the high road to Piacenza, on wh ich he found the enemy ’sright w ing in force, b ut nevertheless drove him back across the

river. The Generalissimo had had the prudenceand precaution to

throw a bridge over the Po at Parpanese, for he felt that he had

Korean in his rear, and that he could not retreat therefore by theroad to Alessandria if defeated ; he hoped also to receive by the

same brid the reinforcements he had ordered Kray to send up to

him from an tua.

The Generalissimo accompan ied the corps of Bagration , which heled in person . The hottest engagement was taking place w ith th is

column near Casiliggio , but it did not, however, come into action till

midday, when l’rince Ba ration , heading the advance, fell on theo liab division of Dombrowsi i, wh ich was supported by the Frenchdivision of Rnsca. Macdonald, finding his troops hard pressed at

Torridella and the combat unequal, sen t for the division of Victorin support ; but Bagration had als o brough t up Schweikowslt i, and a

dreadfulflght ensued, wh ich lasted till nightfall, when the republican

withdrew across the Trebbia towards Settimo. They were here followed by Rosenberg, who formed h is troops in square to pass the

night at Tavernasco, qui te in the midst of the French army, butSuwarrow called these troops back into the line on the left bank

before morning. The whole of the French army however had now

n am ed the Trebbis ; but the expected divisions of Olivier and

Montrichard had come up in to right has, and la d already taken

at in support of the French at Borgo San Antonio, a nd Gossogo. The Austro-Russian army also received about the same time

five battalions and six squadrons.which had been sent up from the

Bu rns or LA ransom on sax clovamu .

other side of the Po. In the course of the nigh t a ru narkab le in.

eiden t occurred : three French ba ttalions descended w ithout order-iafter n ightfall in to the v ery bed of the Trebbia, and there attacketthe enemy . The allies. under Prince Lich tenstein , being an n eedmet them in close c ombat in the very water. Cannon soon camein to operation , and the alarm of the fire roused both armies, and itwas near midn ight before it concluded, when at length both uida gotthe repose they needed.

Macdonald had hopes that Moreen , who had intended to bre ak upfrom before Tortona on the 17th, must be approach ing in the rest

of the allied army, or might a t any momen t ! ebouch on the enelny’l

flanks. LapOpye, as has been stated, was already hovering on theirrigh t flan k ; he determined therefore, as he had now got up all hisstreng th , to impro vise an attack h imself on the 19th . He accordinglydirec ted Dombrowski w ith h is Polish division to crom the ri ver atR ivalta and march on Terna, thus, as he thought, to ou tflank Bagution

,w hom he prepared to attack in fron t by the divisions of Rosa

and Victo r. Olivier andMon trichard were directed to force t heeel treopposite G rignano , and Salm,

w i th the reserve under Watrin,was to

force back the enemy’s left s ing on Calendasco and the Ti done. It

was nearly ten o’clock before ei ther party couldmove after-the fatigua

of the last tw o days, and at tha t hour both sides were in lun ch.The French righ t, composed ofabou t 2 000men

, hardly found an advensary to check their advance, for the enemy ’s troops were busy cooking, and they had actually passed Calendasco, when the M L. whohad no t expected the French to ford the Trebbia, hou rly fum ed andrushed up on them w ith the bayonet.The righ t attack was vigorously preceded by the tin illem d Bu

gadier Ca lvin , under w hose fire Dombrowski crossed the Trehb'

.

and seized R i valta ; and the Polish legion were soon seen crowdingthe heigh ts that commanded at th is po int the Md of the ri ver.Suwarrow , dreading that he migh t be ou tflanked by th '

mmovement,ordered Bagra tion to march his division by their right to oppon

'it,w ho very soon threw back the Poles again acrou the Trebb ia. Butthis movemen t opened a gap of 600 or 600 toises between the twodiv isions of Bagration and Rosenberg, and Victor and Ruse. no!

dashed in to th is vo id and drove Schweikowski back to Cun liggfi.

The Generalissimo immediately reca lled Bagration to fall on the rearof the French at tack, and brough t Chasteler from Fcrater s

the cen tre of the line to reinforce Schweikowsk i. Themelee at th:po int o f the bat tle was frigh tful, and nearly 3000 fell in i t on eithl '

side. Mon trichard had been sen t across t he Trebb ia to attack 8.N icolo , and had successfully con tended w i th the Rus sians there al ltaken fr om them some guns, w hen “ else came up w ith the A “reserve under Prince Lich tenstein , who fell upon the n pubhuw ith great effec t, so tha t Oliv ier’

s men go t into such con fusion t“one of h is regiments fairly took fligh t, and the panic hav ing been ex

tended to the rest of Mon trichard’s division , t hey run an y of th

fi e ld and, w ithou t stopping, in to Piacenza. Suwarrow ham 0

on the spot, saw the open ing thusmade in the Freud ! Ib o, w“

l9 .} BATTLE or LA Tnsnnta on SAN GIOVAN N I . 2 09

mad the flanks of Victor and Oliv ier, for the latter had actuallyen O tt before h im as far as La Vignazza, and he therefore called

l ichtenstein ,who hav ing discmbarrasscd himself of Mon trichard,

upon O livier, who fled away severely wounded from the field to

{0 di San Antonio .

l themean timeWatrin haddriven theopposin division beforehimust back to the Tidonc ; but when Olivier an Mon trichard were

id back he found himself in jeopardy, and hastened also to et safe

e position of themorn ing. A t the close of theday the Frenc founduselvcs completely driven over the Trebbia ; and Macdonald sawthe who le of h is force had been engaged, andwas now diminishedtsualt ies to the amount of 8000 or l0

,000 men, and utterly dis

nized ; he could receive no news either of Moreau or Lapopye ;at all h is cnornls were hon do combat, and he himself wasring scvcre y from the wound ho had received on the loth.

ammunition also began to fail; and his artillery, w ith wh ichthe first he had no t been well provided, had suffered some

no tion by capture. All these considerations, which were dis

sd at the close of the day in a council of war in P iacenza,sad the General- in -Ch ief to order a retreat in the night acrossfurs.

awarrow had, indeed, received tidings that Moreau had actually'cd in h is rear as ncar as Voghera and Caste gio ; but, on ther hand, he had information that the co s of ohenzollern andso were in march towards him out of odena. He thereforeback someCossacks to hover roundMoreau, and some additionaldions to l’arpancse to secure that bridge, and resolved t o followis retreating adversary as close as possible ; w ith this view heis army in mo tion at four in themorn ing of the 2 oth. Tschubatad already come up w ith some fresh troops,marching w ithBag“who came upon Victor in position at San Gior in behind the Nuraforced that passage. The French bravely efended it until theal of Forster and Schweikowski when a whole battalion laidl their arms andfled in all directions, some on Cardeo and somethe mountains at CastelArquato. Melas on hisadvance to Portst passed through Piaccnza, where amongst the French woundedmud Generals O liv ier, Rusca, Salm, and Cambray. InsteadN 8 ? of push ing v igorousl forward, wh ich would have added to

n'ophies of the day the w ole park of the enemy ’s artillery, therian chief was

,as usual, dilator and followed so feebly that

3h these had actually been abandlmed, Watrin succeeded in re.

wing and carrying them awa

pye had heard at Bobb ie t at Macdonald had been attacked.asten ing op,ouly rcachcd the neighbourhoodofSanGiorgio when7'l"ench rearguard had quitted it ; in striving to get back hemetlslty w ith h is division, before whom he retired, but succeeded inring h imself into the mountains, and eventually reached thetra di Genoa in safety. Macdonald in his retreat came upon theriau divisions of Hohenzollern and Klensu, and drove theiroeet

‘irguards before him out of Parma. He then toolt post at

i t . r

l799.] ansssasnau asp n ames susassnsn . 2 11

The Generallssime new cantoned h is army on the banks of the

Orha, restrained as it was said b the Aulic Council from undertaking any offensive operations not I possession had been obtained of

Tort ona, Alessandria, and Mantw t . H is head-quarters were at

Beseo near Alessandria. Wukdssevich with h is advanced guardoccupied Ceni and Mondov i ; Kuim‘was in Turin ; and Haddich on

the Sw iss frontiers, in the Valais ; Kray was besiegingMantua ; andHoiiensollern, O tt, and Klenau were in observation, and on the

traces of Macdonald in Tuscany. It w ill be seen that the AustroRussian army occupied a sufflc nt iy extensive line of country, and“ oreau, on observing it, thou ht that the

‘function with Macdonald

which had not succeeded by t e valley of t is Po,might be rendered

practicable by a concealed fianlt Genoa. ome inaction ofthe enemy was to be ex

pected late great successes, and

was natural enough to t see by erbereans during the fierce heat ofan ltalian summer. The Franc under Victor had retired after thebattle of La Trebbia up the vaile of the Tare, where, united withthe Ligurian division of La

'popyefi fey hadmade themselvesmasters

of Pontremoli, a t own in uscany with a castle, at the fo ot of thei n the first days of July the different divisions were

tly closed in upon that side where it was

proposed t o operate

ntendedmovement, and allMacdonald’sart i iery and heavy bsgwere sent to Lerici, in the Gulf of Spesla, where the AmericanSlbylle received it on board, and conveyed it safely to Genoa.

preparations for a retreat from Tuscany were not howevermadeso secretly but that they were discovered by the inhabitants, who getup an insurrection on every side under a renegade officer namedh hos, who had deserted from the French . As soon, therefore, as

nch quitted Florence on the oth of July, the government oftheGrand Duke was res-established ; neverthelessMacdonaldmarchedon, and after a most difficult passage through the Apennines by Sara n and Spezla n aehed I’ontremeli, and thence succeeded in conveying his force through the mountains to Genoa

,where he eats

blished h is head-quarters on the i 7th . The state to which his armywas reduced was most pltiable z the soldiers were without shoes,and almost w ithout clothes ; the horses were perfect searecrews,

and scarcely shed ; the General himself was woundedand unhaJi

gy;

and the esprit do corps of h is division was utterly shaken an e

32 . A t sssaseau asn Maarua suaassosa.

Suwarrow now set himself to work in earnest with the sie of

Alessandria, garrisoned by about 4000 men under General r

danne. Ground was broken before the place on the night of the

0th-7th of July : the first arallel was completed on the 14th, and

twenty-ene batteries opens against it on the 16th, comprising thefire of 2 00 doses of artiller The besiegers effected their secondparallel on t s i7th, and on e lflth the siege was carried to within

thirty sole” of the covered ws Gardanne had been summoned

without efl it on the ma an l0th, but on the Stet. when the

ALEBBAN DRIA AN

breaching batteries were about totulation. Tito besieged lost 000000 men in the siege, in which Gwounded.

Mantua had been blocitaded by Generaltwo months. A t length , after the battle

the end of June, vigorous measures were

slcgo in form. Krsy’s corps was increased to u n i ”

wards of N O guns were drawn from the arsenal at Tw in I dfrom l’esrhiora to mount the batteries. The garrieu M dl l,400 infantry and 600 cavalry. under the command of Ga dLatour Fo issac ; of these 7000 men were in

under Monnat in the citadel, “ 00 underMeye1300 in the Migliar etto underWollowslti, andllaileydior in tho hor nworlt

for the attack was that of the Pradella, which could beMfr om Belfiore, and after taking the hor nworlt there was d ] acurta in 300 to isos in length between the bastione. Ore-d fl

broken in the night of the 0th loth of July but it was the I“N th before the first rallel was begun. Go the 10th thq Hadvanced to the arena parallel, and on the 2 8rd the batteri i l l

armed, when about four in the morning lltown and the i'redells, which soon silenced

The Austrians tried in the night of theby a coup do ma in along the dyltee ofl'alszao di The, but this partially failedby assault a battery of fi ve guns at the

or 000 men in consequence of this, it w

blow u l the l’radolla and open the dyltes

to fio o the grounds in front of the Paldiatoly erected their bat

defences on that side so completely w ith nearly 600 M Mthat on the 2 0th, under the eyes of Suwarrow himeeif, the redevacuated both the i ’redells and the Fort St. Ge orge 3 when, thi efare, on the 2 7th Kray sent notice to the Governor of thewof Alessandria, Gardanne sent out General Monnat to an te hterms. Titus fellMantua after fourteen days’ 0 ma trenches. It wassupplied for six months, w ith a numerousarsena andaflotilb dboats, all which now fell into the hands of the Austrians.to the orders he received fr om Vienna, Suwarrow had no scent (I t

anaemia“ of

' Alessandria andMantua, than he drew hh forces rodh i and commenced the siege of Tortona.

The misfortunes wh ich had fallen on France during the ri ledthe Directory, furnished to the Jacobins of Paris both the pl“and the power t o overturn it. The party who bea nie trio-p“by what is called,

"Tito Revolution of 80 Prairsl,”

maintain their gr ound b successes in war ; the news.the disastr ous battle of t to Trebbia coming contemporanesu iytheir elevation, their first act was to talte advantage d theafeeling of the public to urge their commanders to l ev el. “

m u m on now .

and to decree fresh requisitions of men, money, andmilitary stores.Two new armies were to be created forthw ith , the one called“o f the Rhine,

”of which they gave the command to Moreau ;

and as Macdonald had requested leave to w ithdraw from his command, the army of I taly was given to General Joubert, w ith St.Cyr under him. The new General arrived at Genoa to take the

command on the 18th of July, and found Moreau there, w hom he

had the w isdom to en treat, and the good fortune to prevail upon, to

remain w ith h im to afford the benefi t o f h is advice and assistance.

St. Cyr was sent to pro tect the righ t flank of the army at the head ofmen, w ith orders to defend all the approaches from Tuscany.

The cen tre with remained to hold the pass of La Bocchetta.

Perignon , on the left, w ith men was to defend all the roadson the side of France. A detachment at the Col di Tends kept upthe communication with the new army of the Alps, ordered to beau emb led under the command of GeneralChampionnet at Lyons.The allied army numbered men in P iedmont. Kaim with

watched the great passes of the Alps while General A lcaini

carried on the siege of Tortona. The rest of the army camped on thebanks of the Bormida, near A lessandria, under the orders of the

Generalissimo. Klenau occupied Tuscany w ith 0000 or 7000 combatanta, where he made himself master of the defile of Pontremoli.Bagration , w ith the advanced guard, was near Gavi in face of theFrench outposts and had had the good fortune on the 7th of Augustto get possession of Seravalie, wh ich had till then been held by a

French garrison of 160 men .

33. Bu rsa or Nov i .

On the 9th Joubert set his army in motion ; his left wing descendedthe mountains into the valley of the Bormida, and St. Cyr was calledin and advanced to Uvada. On the mmand i lth the French continued their march, and came to blows w ith the Austrian posts at Meiau o. On the i3th the French br ought down their army to Acx

ui

and Gav i and on the afternoon of the 14th took up their posit ion, t e

righ t resting on San Bartolomeo, upon the Scrivia, in front of Seravalle, which Dombrowslti blockaded ; the centre near the town of

Nov i, in front of Pasturana and the left towards Bassaluzzo 3 fi ftynine bat talions and eleven regiments of horse, comprisingfigh ting men, here awaited the arrival of the Russians.

Suwarrow now heard that Joubert, a young man of thirty, was

arrived to command the enemy, and exclaimed, C’est nu jouvenceau

qui v ient a l’ecole eh bien nous allons lui donner un lepon.

” He wasno ways perplexed or troubled at these gatherings of the French,but rested quietly in his camp at Rivalta from the 0th, orderingBellsgarde to fall back on Tressonara behind the Orbs with a view todraw Joubert out of the mountains int o the plain ; but on the leth

he brought up h is head-quarters to Pozz olo Formigero, where Kray,.hs siege of Mantua, had taken his t with men

and now n ved forward to form the right of s allied army behindwith Bellegarde and Ott under him. The centre, com

BATTLE OF N OVI .

Moreau sent the brigade of Partonneaux in aid of Lemoine, and

though that General was taken prisoner, the column of the Imperialists were again obliged to retire. The Generalissimo stou tly

pushed w ith all his strength against the town of Nov i, and thought

to penetra te by the faubourg of the Casinetta , but St. Cyr, seeing h is

object , brough t in Watrin from the plain to reinforce Laboissiere, andDerfelden could not gain a single inch of ground against them. Be

tween two and three o’clock , the resolute old Marshal ordered a new

and general attack on the right and cen tre. Dressed in h is usualcostume, in h is shirt down to the waist, he addressed hismen to sn if

mate their courage in h is own peculiar style :“ God w ills, the Em;

ror orders,Suwarrow commands

, that the enemy be conquerednt the fresh attack had no better success than the former ones;The Russians, under their brave ch ieftain , did all that was possible

to command success ; but the French opposed effectual resistance,

led forward by Moreau,who exposed his person recklessly in re

sisting these repeated assaults ; he had already had two horses killedunder h im, and now received a contusion on h is side, wh ich did not

however force h im from the fi eld. A t five o’clock Melas, w ith the

reserv e, arrived at Buchetto and threatened to turn the righ t of the

F rench position. He advanced in three columns ; one, underGeneralNob ili on the o ther side of the Scrivia, threatened the Polish divisionthat blockaded Seravalle, the second under Mitrowsk moved on theMon te Rotondo

, and Suwarrow commanded that t 0 other under

London and Lusigna n should come up to the attack of the plateau in

order to force through the French right w ing. The latter meetinwith W atrin

’

s division drove them back along the crest of the h iland Mitrowsky effecting a junction with London at Cavana, arrivedin t ime to rein force that General, who receiveda grievous woundandwas taken prisoner. Lusignan had been also badly h it at th is periodof the act ion, when the melee was most murderous. All this timeKray was hammering against the French left w ith the same ill sucsees that had ac companied him all through that day, but Suwarrow

in the cen tre at length succeeded in forcing his way in to the town of

Nov i , of w h ich he broke in the gates w ith h is artille The divisionofMelee, under Nobili, had at this time not onl unh ocked Seravalle,and driven back the Poles to Vignoli, but ichtenstein w ith the

Imperial cavalry, and three brigades of grenadiers, had already esta

blished h imself so as to cut o f?allretreat to the French by Gavi ; accordingly the only line of march now left t o them was by Pas

tnrana, which Lemoine and Grouchy still protected. The Gene

ral- ia -Ch ief saw that in this state of aflairs there was no choice

but to order the army to fall back immediately, lest the enemyshould possess h imself of this only practicable outgoing through the

mounta ins. The Russians under Forster and Schweikowski [musingthrough N ov i

, had drawn up across the h igh road leading fromthence to Gav i, and now closed that road of retreat. A detachmentof 400 Austrian sharpshooters, under Major Kees, had had the en

3 Alison.

2 16 TH E FREN CH A RMY nascsnn ON mnnn onr. [an

terprise and good fortune to penetrate into Pasturana, and findi

the castle in the hands o f a few wounded men, had attached an

taken possession of it. As soon therefore as the French began to

w ithdraw their art illery by this route, fire was unexpectedly openedupon them from the castle, w h ich k illed the horses attached to the

guns, and in the confusion they became overturned. A t the samemoment Karaczay fell on the retreating French in the hollow ways

near the village. The d isorder and c onfusion was at its heigh t, whenthe Rumians under Bagration and Derfelden came from the field

beh ind them, and the French troops were scattered like sand beforethe w ind, and not all the attempts of Perignon and Grouchy, w ith theaid of Moreau h imself, could collect a single battalion together ; thetwo former generals, while using the most praiseworthy exertion ,

were wounded and taken prisoners. Watrin forced h is way by Tassarolo

, and was the only one who made h is escape in (cod order ;Colli, seeing the state of th ings in Pasturana, endeavoured likew i e tsmake h is way by Tassarolo, bu t he was caugh t in h is road by Bagration

, and after being wounded and surrounded , he and h is bl ip dewere made prisoners.

Thus terminated a battle the most disputed, the most bloody, andone of the longest in military annals. About a fifth of the ell !

hatants on both sides,or about men ,

were put hora do sa idin the course of the day . O f these the French lost l5oo k illed, withtheir Commander- in -Ch ief

, and 5000 w ounded, including four generals

,who were taken pris oners w ith several thousand men , and

guns. The allies had 1800 killed, and 52 00 wounded ; and manymen on both sides are said to have died from thirst and the ex

treme heat of the day .

Moreau con tinued h is retreat through the n igh t of the 15th, asdcarried hack the remnan t of his army into the defiles of the

n ines, taking post himself at the Bocchetta in order to defend the ap

proaches to Genoa, and reoccupying, w ith h is difl'

eren t divisions, throads to Savona, and the pass of La Corn iche. Karaczay was sent

w i th an Austrian div ision in pursuit, but th is was very feeblq hthe conquerors were as much exhausted as the conquered.

The success at N ov i disconcerted the French divisions even as firoff as the Haut - Valais, and even in to Sw itzerland, and gave Ncourage to the detachments of the allies. General Klenau, who hadbefore h im the French corps d

’um ec under Miollis, occupying the

eastern shores of the Riviera di Genoa, had a mind to attempt acoup do ma in upon that city on h is ow n account, and seen lyat tacked and drove the republicans ou t of Rapallo on the Slat, w

fell back to Recco but Moreau , assoon as he heard of it, hav ingnowno enemy in any other direction , sen t Watrin to ree stablish Mmll

‘

l ,

and the un ited divisions drove back the Austrian the

2 5th , as far as Moneglia, w ith the loss of 700 casualties.

84 . Tar. A anr or run A t rs nmcsno on Plan-oar.

Championnet had taken the command of the army of the A lp at

same t ime that Joubert had arri ved at Genoa, and th'

n fl i t.

SURRENDER OF TORTON A .

C ommander immediately set h imself to or nize his new army,and to do something to draw off the accumn ated forces opposed to

h is comrade. He therefore sen t General Compans, on the loth , tostorm the intrenched post of La Tuile, just below the Little St .Bernard, wh ich he succeeded in effecting , while Duhesme drove theAustrians before h im down the mountains as far as Suza. On the

2 6th , having received some reinforcemen ts out of Sw itzerland, heagain descended in to the plain w ith a view of revictualling Fenestrelles and Coni ; in the former object he succeeded, but after con

tinual combats he returned on the 6th of September to h is mountainquarters again , hav ing only taken a few prisoners and guns, buteffected no material object of h is excursion .

35. Svaasnnsa or Tonrona ro run Rosan ne.

On the 2 5th of August Tortona surrendered. I t had been block

sdcd since the period of the battle of the Trebbia, but since the v ic

tory of N ov i, General A lcain i besieged it in form. I t was de

fended by General Gast, who though t i t expedient at this juncture toen ter into terms that mi h t put an end to useless bloodshed. Hewas enabled to obtain t at the place should be delivered to the

Austrians on the l lth of September, if not previously relieved.

This truce of twenty days has been various] regarded, since it would

appear to be a disproportionate result to what migh t have been ex

pected to follow a great v ictory ; but the French blame their ofllcer,because it was calculated that h is defence migh t have lasted eightdays longer.

Suwarrow, after the battle of Novi, sent Baron de Kray backto the Ticino , to protect the passage of that river from any descent

on the side of the Valteline, and took post h imself at Asti, to beat hand either to move from thence on Championnet

’s army, or

t o send support to Kaim for the defence of Turin. When Krayfound that the effect of the loss of the battle of Novi had been to

send Lecourbe back to the Grisons, he returned to Suwarrow ’s

head-quarters on the 2 8th . I t is thought that the Generalissimo in

prescribing th is return, had in v iew a descent upon Genoa with hisarmy ; but be new received a courier directing him to give up h isI talian command to‘General Melas, and to march away w ith all the

Russian div isions into Switzerland. In consequence of this, he sent

forward h is advanced guard to Cassie, on the 8th of September, butit happened that Moreau, w ith the desire of sav ing Tortona, had, onthe same day , detached Watrin to N ovi, from whence he had drivenout the Austrian detachment there. He sent from thence the iafantry of Dombrowski, Darnaud, and Petito t, w ith the cavalry ofGuerin , and Championnet and St. Cyr were made ready to move forward to assist him. Suwarrow , on the intelligence of this intention,ordered h is advance to halt, and un ited such a force between Noviand Tortona or. the loth , that Watrin was glad to get back in allhaste to the outsins on the day follow ing this coup m ogul

fortress suri oq l’Od. Hav in now , therefore, seen Tortona s

to the allies, Suwarrow quittedI taly.

m s runxs nsrsarrn A ’l‘ n orms .

retake it. This wasone of those acts of weakness occasionally seen bothin civ il and military life, where one tries to remedy a foolish oversight

by a too late and inordinate energy , one-third of which would have

sufilced if exerted in proper time. The Turkish army, as soon as theyhad diaemlmriteti, iormed upon the strand, where it forthw ith comw eneed throw ing up intrenchments. On the loth Bonaparte uittedCairo and arrived at Raman ieh , which he had prev iously lixe upon

for the general rendezvous, and where Lannes and Rampon at once

joined h im. He had ordered Desaix to come in from Upper Egyptto succeed h im in the occupat ion:of the capital, and to send him the

larger portion of his cavalry . Kleber was w ith h is division at

Rosetta, and Menou was w ith the company of savan ts at the LakeNatron . A ll the troops were ordered up in haste, and the General

ia-Ch ief de termined w ithout delay to put himself at their head andattack the Turkish army. Instead of advancing into the country,Mustapha l’acha appeared resolved to await the course of events

in h is camp upon the shore. He had placed the forts he had

constructed upon two lines, of wh ich the two first were garrisoned

b 8000 men . A third redoub t , erected near a hamlet, was occu

p ed w ith “500, and was flanked by gunboats. The Turkish campwas placed between the hamlet and the town of A boukir. So

secure did the Mussulmen feel in this position , that the French engineers Were permitted to reconnoitre it in such full security that theyeven too k some prisoners at the foot of the arapet. On the 98rd

the French head -quarters were removed to Birket-Haitas ; on the

30th , hearing that Kleber had reached Foueh , Bonaparte moved forward h is army to the attack. The cavalry underMurat formed hisadvance, w ith three battalionsunderDestaing,and two guns. Ramponcommanded the left div ision, hav ing Lauusse andFugieres under him;and Lavais w ith the right coasted the Lake Madieh. Klehsr, as soon

as he came up, was to command the reserve. When they approached

the first redoubt Destaing assailed and carried it. Lanues immediately followed an pasde charge, accompanied by two squadrons of

cavalry, but the Turks, as soon as they saw the movement, abandoued the second advanced fort and fled to the hamlet. Thitherthey were pursued by the cavalry and driven into the sea, where

many o f them were drowned. Ham on now came up, and advancedto the attack o f the hamlet . Here t is Turks op used a sharper re

sistance ; hut Destaing contrived to at round t 0 line, and was fol

lowed byMurat, who dashed among the Turks andmade great havocof them,

so that they were ob liged to abandon the hamlet. Afterth is easy conquest. in which the French had only one wounded (andhe the connnauding oilicer of the squadron of Guides), Bonaparteformed u p h is army under the protection of some palm trees ; the

cavalry on h is right, to advance against the second line, the divisionof Launes in the centre, and Rampou on the left. Kleber had not

yet arrived, and the former was accordingly formed into a reserve,

while GeneralFugieres was sent against the intrenchments. He ad

vanced w ith the bayonet and drove back the enemy, but could not

p t within the rampart ; and as the Turks saw themselvesnew with

out any retreat but the sea, they fought withterrible, and the French advance was obliged

the ground covered w ith dead. Murat tried in

disperse the Turks w ith h is cavalry, but theirupon h im that he was obliged to relinquish it.As soon as the Mussulmen saw the troops fall hast ,

out of the intrenchments to cu t 03 the hsads from thewounded after their manner. The eagerness di pla byth is horrid process in order that they might receive rewartb

mised them, in proportion to the headseach man couldflow ,

every one ou t of the redoubt, and all were imulediately intenthatchery . Bonaparte, who at the first moment of thetated w hether to await the arrival of Kleber or to quit thesaw in an instan t the advan tage he could take of this harb i n

tom of the Turks, and immediately brought up la ma withreserve, who marched rapidly upon the deserted works, wh ile

rushed at the head of h iscavalry in to the midn of theTurkhhand there succeeded in tak ing the Pacha himself pr

'

l oser whhh is escort . Mustapha had only time to fire his pistol, wh ichMurat in the jaw, wh ich the gallan t General repaid b a blowsabre that cut off some fingers of the Pacha’s righ t hand.forward the battle was a mere massacre on the part 0!The Turk ish soldiers fell by the sword or fled into therished in the waters, wh ile the few who had escaped thethe sabre rushed back into the fort, w here theyafterwards. A ll those that died sold their lives dear, for a

heaven in h is eye is deaf to every other consideration.

giacer-Generai Cretin , the Adjutant-General Le Pury, andgath er Duvivier were killed, and Fugieres lost h is armsocket . The few prisoners were of the c orps of Jsuiaarin , who hnumber of 2 00 surrendered w ith the Pacha. The General-wreturned after h is vict ory to Alexandria, leaving h ouse to so“the fort of Aboukir. H is summons was refused, and the God flup to render their assistance in its defence. In the on.“ Hensued Laanes was wounded, and obliged to give over the Jsecuring the fort to GeneralMeuou. On the N th the Turksmsdsasortie to obtain some prov isions, w hen General Davon t, 0Ming in the trenches, attacked them v igorously with five bath “ ,

but it was the 2 nd of August before the wretched gamrendered at discretion.

38. BONAPARTE cons Ecrrr n o m eans so Fau st .

It may be fairly presumed that ever since the failure of hi u p »

dition into Syria, B onaparte had anx iously cast shout for on e wto carry out the welcome invitation he had received to give Hcommand in Egypt and return to France, but he was in utter

rance of what had been occurring in the outer world, while 5 flfixed in the isolation in which he was placed in II. as tained w ith h im at his head-quarters Rear-Admwith whom doubtless he had many discussions as to the “ J

h!

1

ai t

iis

l

lr

i

l

ii

:

5.

iii

.

it?

r

rtr

BON A I’ABTE QUI TS EGY PT .

escaping the v igilance of the British fleets and cru isers, and of

course the scheme of attempting a personal escape to Europe bymeans of a fast -sailing frigate was the plan most frequently thoughtof. W ith th is object Gantheaume had been long since dispatched to

Alexandria to make preparations and to keep a look ou t for a good

opportun ity, and under h is superintendence two of the fastest of the

ex -Venet ian frigates in port, the Muiron and the Carrere,” wereready in secret for theGeneral’saccommodation . Immediately afterbat tle of Aboukir h is old an tagon ist Sir Sidney Smith arrived w ith

the blockading squadron wh ich he commanded,andBonaparte, anx iousfor news from Europe, determined to Open a commun icat ion w ith

the Commodore,ostensibly on the subject of a change of prisoners,

but in reality for news. By th is means he procured some of the

latest European journals, w h ich made h im acquainted w ith the disasters of the French armies in I taly and Sw itzerland. He also he

came informed of the recapture of Malta by the British , and of the

seizure of Corfu by the united fleet of the Turks and Russians. He

therefore directed all the arrangements to be concluded for attempting an escape from Egypt at the earliest available moment , and

keeping h is counsel from every one excepting the Admiral, he re

turned to Cairo on the 5th of August.I t so happened that the British Commodore w ith his blockading

squadron , w ho had actively kept the sea to aid the Turks in their expedit ion , now seeing the ut ter annih ilation of the Mussulman army,and the tranquil return of Bonaparte to Cairo , thought the momentopportune for victualling his sh ips, and accordingly on the 9th he

left Alexandria and made sail for Cyprus. Gan theaume immediatelyapprised Bonaparte of the fortu itous incident, for i t was clear that

so propi tious a moment was not to be lost . The General-in -Ch iefnevertheless still kept his own counsel, andadmitted no one t oh is con

fidence but on the 18th he feigned an excursion to the Delta, andqu itted Cairo , taking w ith h im Berth ier

,Lannes, Murat, Marmont,

Andreossy, and Bourienne. He appointed Kleber to meet h im at

Rosetta on the 2 4th , b ut dreading any altercation wi th a man whose

rude and fearless disposition misgave him, he purposely broke theappoin tmen t, and embarked on the 2 2 nd in open boats from the

strand on board the two frigates he found there, which Gan

theaume had brough t under h isflag into the Bay of Aboukir. He

thence, however, wrote a letter to Kleber, which he sent by thehands of General Menou

,who delivered it to that General at

Rosetta the day after Bonaparte had set sail. The frigates, the

better to avoid the enemy, kept close along the African shore ;but at length the wind turn ing in their favour

, they made straightfor the island of Corsica, where the General landed in the port of

Ajaccio on the lat of October. Here they heard of the battle of

Novi, the capture of Mantua, and the entire conquest of I taly bythe Anstro-Russian army. Gantheaume took advantage of the

delay of a few days from contrary w inds at this place to preparea felucca w ith a set of picked rowers, wh ich should be taken in tow

by the Muiron,”so that in the event of

CAPTURE OF THE DUTCH FLEET.

G eneral Daendels, who commanded the republican army in Hol

land, was at the head of a div ision of men , and marched

rap idly to the menaced poin t of the coast ; but General Brune was

ordered by the Directory to proceed to assume the chief command of

all the French and Batav ian troups that could be collected to Oppose

the con federate ex pedition , though he hadnot yet arrived. I t wasaboutbreak of day of the 2 7th when 2 500 men , under Generals Sir JamesPulteney andCoote, disembarkedon the beach in front ofKlein Keeten .

A s soon as they were formed they moved forward, when they wereimmediately attacked by the Gallo-Batavian force. Major-General

Van Guenicke, commanding about 5000 men , sen t two bat talions ofchasseurs against them,

whom Pulteney readily overthrew w ith four

compan ies, and drove them back in disorder towardsGroet Keeten. the

enemy losing their commander, Co lonelLucq. The rest of theBritish

troops were by this time disein barked, and some artillery was on the

in t of being landed, when Daendels arrived on the ground at the

glad of ten fresh battalions and 500 horse, w ith artillery, and t e

newed the attack. It was headed by two battalions under ColonelCrass. The British were directed to fall back, and the Dutch

'

ad

vanced in very good order and w ith much firmness. But in doingth is they exposed their flank to the English, who availed themselvesof the circumstance to attack in their turn . The grenadiers of the

2 7th, u nder Lieut.-Colonel Graham, and the battalions of the 2 3rd,2 9 th , 55th , and 85th made good their ground, kept at bay the

cavalry who endeavoured to annoy them, and compelled the Dutchto

'

ret ire to a position beh ind the Zype, between Petten on the sea

coast and Oude Sluys on the right . The Du tch loss was 1400 killed,wounded, and missing, including fifty-seven officers, and that of the

British 450. The action had lasted from five in the morning till

four in the afternoon, and it is clear from this accoun t of casualties

that it must have been very bloody ; but it was almost entirely confined to musketry, the Dutch being unable from the nature of the

ground to use their artillery, and the British having only one gun

landed, which had been dragged across the sands by the sailors w ithimmense exertion.

Having thus gained possession of the neck of land called Kirk

duin, Abercrombie prepared to attack the fort of the Helder, Wherethere was a garrison of 2 000 men . General Moore’

s brigade was

destined for the purpose, but Daendels not deeming it strong enough

to resist an attack , w ithdrew the garrison from it in the nigh t, and in

the morn ing of the 2 8thMoore took possession of it, together w ith thebatteries o i Huysduinan , armed w ith 100 guns. General Don ’

s division of 5000 men now disembarked at tnis poin t. The possession of

the Helder having left the Texel Open to the British, AdmiralStoryimmediately w ithdrew the Dutch fleet from the Macs Diep in to the

Vlieter ; AdmiralMitchell. therefore, on the 3oth stood in after h im,

and took possession of the N ieuveDtep. TheAdmiralagain summonedStory, and ordered his squadron to en ter the Texel, that he mightmake theDutchfleet submit or engage. Before a secondanswercouldbe received a flag of truce was dispatched with a verbal message to

narrten rm mrtor ro m s m m [ass

propose a suspension of arms. A t si of the Brith ll flag thecrews of the Dutch fleet had shown sue symptoms of inn hordht ion, that although Story was true to his fai th he could not hope toresist successfully, and having no reliance on the obedience of i hmen , an immediate surrender was concluded. By this first andMimportant success the Dutch fleet was finally extricated from tb

grasp of the repub licans, and w ithout costing the 10 cl asailor the Zuyder Zee was brought under the domin ion of the

horses to shore, moved forward on

up the ground abandoned by thethrown forward to Petten , and the

and w ide canal. In the mean while

7000 were French, under Generalsvenced at an early hour against the British position in three salon s.

Abercrombie, daily expecting the arrival of the Duke d Y dand the Russian contingent, contented himself with strengthen”the position he had assumed, and threw up an spark-ed asse

the sand dykes at Petten ; gunboats were stationed on bothflanks close to the shore the villages that formed theespecially that of Schagen, were i ntrenched and com 3the roads were cu t and enflladed w ith guns, and in this ti lawaited the event. In the evening he was 0 portunely j by ih1 1 th regiment of dra oons, w hich had been dad to the nutl hc d830, and on the 8th t e hereditary Prince of Orange arrived to d"the sanction of h is name t o the en terprise.

Brune felt that it was politic for him to assume the 03m in wk.only a portion of the enemy

’s force were collected, for even am

would hardly do h im injury, and success, however trifling, llth.of essen tialmoment to the future operations. Accordingl by

of da on the loth, the republicansmoved to the attack,6mon rub bendam, Daendels on Einigenbrug, and Vandamlne fl

Petten . This latter t was defended by two brigades of Munder Ma

'

or-Generalg u ard, who after a con test of about as hand a hai

'f, aided by the fire of the gunboats, finallg

repub d thFrench

,wi th the loss of their brigadier, David. ri DO

homme, under Dumonceau, took by mistake the road to hand clashed there w ith the column of General Daendelq but aera

theless at tacked ; he was however checked b the cfleieut I n 1the 2 0th regimen t . Dumonceau, undeterred y some cssnu t“enflladed h is line of march , rew hed Krubhendaln, whid hcopied, and rushed forward to carry by assault

l “

tr—fl. “

raised on the Zuyper Sluys behind the village. A u n t -n “ .ai called up some troops from the left, andat dis h-l d hhimagain to ret ire. Daendels puahed ont of hh h f “

m am A'r

‘

oon'r oaasrrn.

tomme, fell on the vi llage of St. Martin , but finding that the

at Einigenbrug had repelled the French attack, he joinedin a second attempt against that same post, but without anyaccess ; and the troops of Daendels finding their rear now

ted by an advance from the village of Schagen , the cry was“ Sauve qui pent,

nous sommes tourn6s ;”

a nd the whole

was seized w i th a com lete pan ic andfled in confusion to St.I. The loss in th is a air to the British was about 180 killedunded, in wh ich latter number was Major-General Moore,run-Colonel Smi th , commanding the 2 0th . The French lossimated at near 2 000. Repulsed in th is attem t to ex pel theBrune resumed his position at Alkmaar, now breaking

roads and throw ing up works, he rested his hopes ou ~thueAbercrombie from advancing out of the narrow gorge into had landed. The British General remained where he waswas jo ined there, on the 1 2 th, by the Russians under Lieu tzHermann, and on the 13th the Duke of York arrived to

the command, so that on the 14th the combined British anda forces, numbering about men, were prepared

6for

Operations under h is Royal H ighness.

:l a much longer circuit thanmt overn ight on the 18th.ts in general orders that the other three 1 columns shouldhe attack at break of day, but General

fSouthofl‘was

'

inat three in the morning from

BATTLE or assess .

vanes and directed an attack on the v illage of Scho orl, of wh ich he

succeeded in get ting possession, but General Essen was unable torally his men, and accordingly the three battalions of Sedmoratskywi th the let brigade of guards, and the 35th regimen t, under PrinceW illiam of Gloucester, finding their ammun ition exhausted, fell backab out half-past three o

’clock on Petten andZypersluis ; wh ile Dundas

w i th the Coldstream and 5th regimen t still retained possession of

Schoreldam w ith the aid of s ome gunboats on the canal under SirHome Pophatn , and did not. evacuate the v illage until the firing hadcu sed on his righ t, when he also retreated to Krabbendam. .Lieut.Colonel S tevenson , commanding the 6th, was severely wounded afterleading h is men most gallan tly.

Wh ile the attacks on the right had thus deceived the expectations

formed of them, that of the th ird column under Sir James Pulteneyhad been attended with better success than was expected front it.He div ided the brigades of Generals Coote and Don , the former ofwhom marched by the lelt on H uggenvaard, wh ile he h imselfmatc hed wi th the latter on Oudt Cat'spel. General Daendels was

here opposed to them, and had out every road and destroyed everybri dge, as wellas the dyke along wh ich the troops advanced to theattack ; th is last would admit of no more than eigh t men abreast,and w as defended by raking batteries nevertheless Colonel Spencerwith a brigade consisting of the doth and .l7th , w ith some light iafantry, established h imself on the Lange-Dyk, and at length was

enabled to cross the d)kc and charge the enemy. Being now joinedby GeneralDon, w ith the 3cd regiment of the guards, the Britishpu bed forward so v igorously, that in pursuit of the enemy theygot in to their intrenchments, and caused them a loss of 1700 killed,m ded, and prisoners, and fourteen guns ; but while endeavouringto efl

'

ect a junction w ith Coote, Sir James received orders to fall back,and he accordingly withdrew Spencer, b ttt w ithout any loss, havingthrown the captured guns into the canal. The casualties in h iscolumnwere under 2 60 killed and wounded.

Sir Ralph Abercrombie, who had, as has been stated, marchedwith his column on the n ight of the 18th , arrived at Hoorn at two in

themorning of the l9th, and summoned the town, which was commanded by a field-officer and 170 men, ‘who at once opened the

gates. H is orders were to push on to Purmerend, bu t he found theread so bad and h is troops so fatigued, that he was obliged to re

linq uish that object. In the course of the day he received the account of what had happened to the right column, w ith orders to

hi n g in h is division, which he did w ithout molestation . I t is re

garded as a fatal mistake in the Duke tohave by this detour marchof Abercrombie deprived himself of some 7000 of h is best men, whoif they had been on the field. or near i t in reserve, migh t haverup ired the sad blunder of the Russians, and pushed back the

French to Beverwyk or even Haarlem. The loss to the British inthese ad

'

airs were two lieut -colonels of the guards and three other

cfi eers killed, w ith upwards of 100 men, 400 wounded, and 600

priseacrs. TheRussian law was one general, Gerebsoff, killed one

BATTLE Ol' REBORN .

general, Southoti’

,wounded and the general commanding, Hermann,

takou.w ith about three thousandmen, t ogetherw ith twenty-six pics.

of caution and seven standards loft to the enemy ; but the sill.had taken 3000 of the onomy, who ha d likewise sollen d seven ly iakilled and wounded. i io th armios at night resumed on all point the

positions they had respectively occu iod the preceding day.(i onorsl i iruuo was not so sstisiie that another attack would have

a w ry dim-rout result, but that he immediately ordered extend“innmiat ions to he made over the great poiderl ,

” while ll. dd“considorahly to tho doi

’

oncrs of tho dykes ; he also brou

ght up fin

Dunk irk shout 00gunboats to take met at the mouth of t 0 Pa lmfor tho pro tection of the Dutch cap tal. The Duke Of Y ork, on theother hand, was reinforced by tho arrival, on the 2 6th. 0! sooth.ltussian div ision commandwl by General Emmé, together with sdotsvhmont of the o0th rltlos, and some squadr ons oi the l0th lighdragoons. AdmiralMitchell ha dlikew ise cquipped aflotilla offlva-ssols

, lit for tho nav igation o i’

tho ZuydsrZoe, and by this ms.Moddomh iyk and Eurhu

yson, togothor w ith all the islands, had u h

mittod t o tho llritish . i‘ho i iuko, however, saw with anxiety flflm season passing away, and tin

-rotors determined, before thew”sot in, t omake ano ther attompt to force the French out of Hu ili ollalul.

'l‘ho rains had already hogan to is"very heav ily, neverthei- fi

ltoyui H ighness was enshlod t o resume the offensive on the ”dof O ctohor. The plan adoptod on th is attack was not the a n s 0

ho i’

oro, for the ground on oithor flank had so much entered im fi

systom o i'

dol'

onoo ado

pted by the republicans, that the only add

admittod of a forwsrt oporatiou was tho space c omprised mtho canalof Alkmaarand the oven". The army was as before div!“into four columns. The first of 0000 infantr and 1000 horse, I nd.A la-ri'ro iuh io, formed this time the right 0 the attack, whidl eto coast tho son as far as Egmont-op-Zoc , in order t o thm 1“French loft iiank and rear. The second. c ontini

’

antr and 400 cavalry, under tin

H ohoro direct on ih-rgen. The third, under Dundo i

’

0130 men w ith sovcntoon pieces of artillery, and was to

tho two first columns on the mic o i’

lisrgon , and t ooverlap Hthi nk at Sohoroldsm and

'l‘uytgonhoorn. wh ile Sir James Pull- y

w ith tho fourth column of about 7000 mm , was to keep Gee-silist-mlo is suiliriontl occupiod in h is front to prevent his sending a ,supp

ort to tho loft M ilt o i'

tilt! Fi’tflwli armi ho army, str ong, was sot in mo t on at its"

?i n isfl

morning .

'l‘ho French outposts fell back before the B tish

hut i io ttrrnls S imon and Dumonceau, who commanded thecans. i

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ormod up their div isions and took post between dSohoroldnln. (i onorttl(fini te, however, w ith one ofmarched rapidly thr ough tho ssndhllls oi

’

thewh ilo liurrsrd w i

zealously and laboriously ponetratsdacross the iicids sea theMi t that it was only after many delays that at length, I “ h

ma] n eorn 'rtons.

ssav alry, when advanced guard immediately fell upon the Frenchla nes, and the div ision drove them back upon their column at

spri nt o f the bay onet, dispersing it completely among the sandh ills.th at ,

th e republicans gave way on all sides, and the action ter

hated w i th little or no result, b ut w ith sufficien t loss of blood to

p et its commencement . The British lost about 100 killed and 700m ded, among the latter GeneralH utchinson andColonelMaitland,(“ here were 608 (of whom n ineteen were officers)missing. The

u ians lost upwards of 1000men and six guns. Two charges of

ralry made by the llth light dragoons under Major Cummingsl- uch execu tion in the sandh ills, where they made 600 prisoners.In annals of war offer frequent examples of resultless bloody en

gun en ts such as this, brought on by a reciprocal desire of support

.dvanced posts ; bu t although the British had been successful in

sw eet , the strength of the French General’s posi tion remained

h paired.

l.”

Nm oru rxoas—Tus Barman Aauv ns-Eusaaxnn tron ENGLAND.

i t appeared that General Brune had received a reinforcement ofteamen, and wasmeditating an attack against theDuke on the 7th ;It h is Royal H ighness saw clearly that he could do no th ing effectual

gainst the republican army, nor foment or favour, with any hope of

new , any at tempt to shake the hold of the French in Holland.

h un terprise had obtained barren honours ; for although every fieldad been valiantly contested by h is army

,he could nei ther reach

barlem nor Amsterdam, nor get himself out of a wretched cornerthe land, in wh ich he could scarcely hOpe to pass a win ter w ith

my prospect of future advan tage. These matters ough t to havesen better considered by the British government before they sentto m y to land on the Dutch shores

, b ut it is almost ever the case

a t even tualities were but ill considered at the outset. News now

he arrived of the disasters w hich had befallen the Russians at

Enrich , and there was no prospect of much good understanding with

hues of t he same nation who w ere at this momen t under the comI nd of the Duke of Y ork. H is Royal H ighness therefore called a

Imeil of war, which unanimously recommended that the armybou ld b e w ithdrawn back to the Zype, and that ColonelBrowningbenld be sen t to England to recommend the abandonment of theI terprise and the re-embarkation of the army. GeneralDon ,who had

sen sen t in to General Daendels w ith a flag of truce before the

lairo f the 6th, had been detainedmost abominab ly by GeneralBrune.

t was therefore necessary to send in an officer of ex perience to havehis retention of a superior oflicer explained, and General Knoxras en trusted w ith the mission ; notw ithstanding, therefore, that

he Du ke was w ithout instructions from England, his Royal H ighavailed h imself of the open ing that was presen ted by the

linden of General Knox to h in t to General Brune the readiness of

he British t o negotiate for the evacuation of the coast of Holland

ofore the end of the ensuing month of N ovember. Th is proposition ,m over, met w ith a serious obstacle in “mine, a demand for the

was In aren as: u mswn n m n. [m

restoration of the Dutch fleet. This was poaltively refuaed ihDuke ; but he consented to send back to France coco of the IFrench prisoners detained in England. General Brune at lu g:thought i t best to accept the terms proposed, which werethe 1sth of October, when hostilities ceased between the 3h:it was the 19th of November before the whole of the expedltltmn

re-embarked and set sail for England. The appearance of a BI !“flotilla to the Zuyder Zee had spread consternation amid the F!“charged w ith the defence of Holland, and preparation. were flagainst a hostile descent on every side. On the llth of Oct“ .

detachment of Brit ish seamen and marines (151 in numbc ) h fithe command of Captain Boorden of the Esptegle,

” IO, inM dFort Lemmer on the Friesland shore, was attacked hhym ‘French and Batav ians. The British fortunately caughtrents in their advance between two fires,andsoManually-urnsthem that the advanced ard laid down their arms ; and tb flbody, nearly 700 strong, ter a contest of four hours and a half"way on every side, and

8 ”

would have lost thelr gunl and colours.Hthat they succeeded in sav ing capture and stopping pursuit by “destruction of a bridge over some water in their retreat

43. Was in Guam “ aan w rzm aan.

In the beginn ing of August the Archduke and Ila-ma Hthemselves in the same position that they respectively held h flmon th of Jone The Archduke was waiting for ththe Rumian “ ydGeneral Korsakow ,

now on its march to reinforce him ; and I “though in Opposition to the orders of the Directory, had M Bmore pruden t to remain in the strong posttiou he had

the affairs of the army of I taly were i n sus‘gense, andsuch i n

moment h is right flank, ex tending into Valaia, was liableD battacked and driven in. In the interval, therefore,

“the of,

fluaffairs to be related consist of endeavoitra on the part huh “and the other an tagonists to gi

valley of the Rhine, to preven topposing armies in I taly . Ge

men to watch all the apBlack Forest, and had established an intrenched

w ith Merfeldt in advance upon the Kinzig, andPhilipsbourg. Opposed to the ImperialismwerealltheFrenchwhich being useless for the war in Sw itzerland were cantmod hvalley of the Ith ine, amounting to 7000 horses. GeneralLop . “at Kehl, and Collaud at Mannheim, having between thanmen, but they had the Rhine to protect along its whole extantthe 2 3rd of June Sztarray sent the brigade of Giulay to dflv.flFrench advanced posts back to Brisach, wh ile Merfeldt d“on the 2 6th on Ol’fenbourg. They surprised and overwhauFrench ou tposts, who nevertheless sh

several hours , but the French were

3 James.

a oummDRIVES BACK TH E LEFT W IN G . 2 38

v alley of the Kinzig on W ilstatt and Kehl w ith a loss of abou t 500

men . On the dtb of July Legrand sen t a force out of Kehl up thev alley of the Renchen and threw back the Austrians to the neigh

b ourhood of Oberkirch, but Sstarray dtspatched General Goesgenw ith some cavalry from the camp at V illingen, who drove the Frenchfrom Reuchen and beyond Bischofzheim w ith a loss of 400 men.

O n the 6th and 8th th ere were similar incursions w ith much less of

b lood and no results.

On the other flank Lecourbe, from the side of the St. Gothard,came down on the 3rd of July upon Schw itz and Brllnnen, fromw hence General Forsen drove out the advance of the Austrians w iththe low o fsix guns ; bu t before the close of theday Jellach ich recoveredthe ground, and both sides remained quiet again t ill the end of the

mon th . On the 2 9 th the Austrian GeneralBey, who commanded at

Altdorf, at the sou thern ex tremi ty of the Lake of Lucerne,crossed

the Reuse, drove the republicans out of Seedorf and entered Bauen ;b ut he was again repulsed near Seelesburg by the brigade of Loison,and the General himself and 500 or 600 men were taken prisoners.

Th e condition of Sw itzerland had become deplorable. To main

tain men for four mon ths in their poorest provinces hadbegu n to drive the people to despair. Laharpe and others repre

sented these grievances to the Directory, and reminded them that

France had undertaken to protect and not to oppress the HelveticRepublic ; bu t no t all the obligations of treat ies could avail when itwas above all things necessary to find means to meet the ex tra

ordinary expenses that the war occasioned to France. Bernadotte,

Minister of War, nevertheless exerted himself w ith some effect in

raising fresh armies, in the hope of bringing back victory to the republican standard. On the other hand, the u tmost exertionswere makingby the Emperor to push forward to a happy issue the unlocked

b r successes that the Imperial armies had attained. The princes

of the Empire, w ith the exception of Prussia, listened to his appeal ;but the chariot of the Caesars always drave heav ily ”

in their

sh ire, and the campaign was almost over before a“conclusum ”

was adopted by the Imperial Aulic Diet at Rat isbon. The Emperor

Paul was a better aux iliary ; and having followed up Suwarrow’s

army w ith a second corps of 10,000 men, he was now preparing to

send down a th irdarmy under Korsakow . Great Bri tain, also, havingsecured the command of the ocean, had,

o n we have seen , sent a

land force to assist the endeavours of l s. which, if it had beenvigorously pushed at this 'e given a wonderful

spur to the campaign.

44. Maseru anvascss Ln ma 1 no or run

Aacunux s, u u t v'EN s

Massena, again and again

solved to do so.

reinforcemt Ill-S h u mu s m s u d llll tb u m . n u n

in wh ich th

TH E AUSTRIAN LEFT WI N G .

wh ich they defended w ith 400 men and two guns under General

S trauch th is detained h im t ill the 15th , when Lecourbe, ever activeand considerate, sent up a detachmen t to h is assistance from Wasen,

c ad Lo ison stormed and at length carried the redoubt. The dilfi

cu ltice of the route had greatly fatigued the French soldiers, but

some of thei n in their eagerness got up the sides of the mountains,an d aided the advance of themain body along approaches wh ich

co uld only bemade in single file. General Gudin commanded another

column , that moved sti ll more to the right , and directed hismarchtowards the Grimsel and the F urca. These mountains are said to

b e 0580 feet in height from the base to the apex ; and the hospice

situated near the fine fall of the Aar at Haudek was now the

scene of an obst inate and bloody resistance ; nevertheless the supe~

riority of numbers prevailed, and the French bivouacked for then igh t under Mount Grimsel, and drove the Austrians to the foot of

Mount Furca. Here in the n igh t Thurreau, who had pushed the

Prince of Ro han before him out of the camp of Lax , on the Opposite

aide o f the moun tains in the valley of the Rhone, now came up mostopportunely to the assistance of General Gudin . The AustrianGeneral Strauch, thus menaced on both flanks

, gained in all haste

the valley of the Ticino, andfled down to Bellinzona. Gudin,leaving

him to be pursued by Thurreau , now turned and effec ted a j unction

fi ith Lecourbe on the l6th . They encountered Simbschen at Gee

d enen on the Reuse, and at four the same afternoon, they attacked

the Austrians, who fell back to cross the Teufelsbrig. Th is bridgei n French reckoned on being able to pass in the confusion with

the enemy, when suddenly, as if by mag ic, the aerial structure dis

q lpeared between the two banks. A sound of an ex plosion , a cloudef smoke and dust, a faint receding cry , told the sad reality to thedistant lookers-

on , andappalled for amomen t the nearercombatants ;amass of thirty feet ofmasonry fell at once into the g ulf below

upon its broken breast the brave men on bo th sides in th

ef t heir deadly confl ict . This ceased but for a moment,and was then

h tant ly renewed as if nothing strange had occurred. After passingfi e b ridge there ts a path cut through the rock about 300 feet long,fi lled the rocks percée,

from th is natural intrenchment such a fire was“maintained. that Lecourbe saw no o ther course remained t o him but

tsfietach Gudin in all haste to turn the positi on by the tron d

’Ufl'

.

New therefore Simbschen , tn fear of being hemmed t n , w ithdrew his

h oops from the pass across by Crispalt and Tavetsch to Dissendis ;Imison immediate'.y ordered the bridge to be repair ,ed and marching to Ober A lp took post at the foot of the St. Gotbald.

Is the three days in which th ese successivediscomfltnresoccurred tothe Austrians they lost eleven guns and 4000 prisoners, besides 2 000killed and wounded, and the M uch are said only to have had 1600m lties. Lecourbe

’

s plan of attack has been much praised. He

so arranged it as to place every position of the enemy between the

q ues fires of two of his six columns, and thus added to the supe

fi brity which he already held'

tn numbers above h is enemy. The re

pub lican army had now also estab lished itself in the CantonsofUnten

2 36 TH E ABOHDUKE “ m um's TO caoss rm:m .

wald, Uri, and Glarus ; but wh ilst Massena triumphed Joub tfailed at N ov i

, and the division of the Russian army under

Korsakow had arrived by forced marches at Schafl’

hansen , a

raised the force of the allied army on the Upper Rh ine to 1men .

45. THE Aacnnuxs aslsroacso BY Koasn tow st ru m rt

was A n t.

The Archduke was on all occasions the Austrian Genetbest understood the value Of time in military operat ions, andsleep on any advantage he possessed. He now at once l)!

h imself, and sending Hotze with several thousand men to t

port of the div isions wh ich had been driven out of Schw

Glarus, crossed the Lake OfRapperschwyle,andreoccupied h isin those cantons to secure h is left flank. He then resolvedvance h is righ t by at tempting the passage of the Aar, an out

wh ich he had for some time meditated ; for this Object heGeneral Sztarray to march from the M p at Villingen a p0 1

h is troops, in order to draw aside the attention of the Frencl

he quietly w ithdrew from the neighbourhood of Zurich all b u

9000 foot and 4000 horse. The collective force was martthe n ight of the l6th- l7th to a part of the river betweenDettingen and Ober-Endigen , where the river Aar makesor deep loop that is favourable for its pasa ge. UnfortunatAustrian staff-ofi cers had taken no pains to inform themesthe character of the river they had to pass, nor had h is I !H ighness afl

’

orded time for the collection of such small bmigh t have carried a strong body of riflemen previously ac t

stream to clear the adjoining forests of the enemy. A ccordingl.the pontoons came to be launched, they could not be anch o:

the rocky bottom preven ted the ordinary grappling- irons frO t

i tig, and much valuable time was lost . The Austrians were ftw ith the cover of a fog, and established th irty-eigh t gu tplaced on the right bank to sweep the whole of the opposite ha

a cross and reverse fire, w hich enabled them to commentOperations in security, and to lay a portion of the bridge b u

also roused the enemy, so that as soon as the fo cleared in t he

Of the work two compan ies of Zurich Sw iss excellen t marOpened fire that brought down every man employedon the we:a distance which, at that t ime, was deemed incredible. Nhad taken the command Of the French left, and as soon as h

the firing was on the spot h imself, and before the middle of 1

brough t up men,under H eudelet, whom he placed i

between Lutzeren and Hostein, and sent immediately to hesters for further assistance. Massena happened at the tim~

absent ; b ut Oudinot, whose wound kept him at head-quartsoff such troops as he had to spare, so that the Archduke saw

had maaqtté la coup , and was obliged to solicit a cessation of

w ithdraw his pon t oons unmolested, wh ich Ney conceded on en

t his Imperial H ighness should silence his guns. I t has b l

tk t th is attempt was only a faint of the Archduke to draw the at

ten tion of the French to this flank ; but, had it succeeded, it w ould

hav e placed thewhole French army in very great jeopardy. I ts

added to the knowled of the battle of N ovi, was suflicient to in

duceMassena to order ourbe to evacuate the Grisons, w h ich he didon the 2 3rd, and w ithdrew in to the valley Of Urseren . Korsakow hadin the mean while come up, w ith about effect ive Russians, to

the righ t bank of the Limmat, and camped at Seebach on the 2 6th .

The Archduke preposed to him an immediate attack Of the position

of Moun t A lbis, while Hotze should advance to turn it by crossingthe Sil, but the Russian General refused.

46. Tax Aacnnuas com awn ro m s Urrsa Rams.

I t is not quite easy to understand the change of operations that

now resulted on both sides Of the Alps either the Aulic Council atVienna, or the councils Of the allied sovereigns suddenly efl'ected an

c tiss change in the strategy Of the Russian and Austrian armies.MarshalSuwarrow was ordered to march h is army out of Italy intoSwitzerland, and at the same time the Archduke Charles, who maypossib ly have been somewhat nettled by h is Russian colleague

’s re

cent display Of impracticability, and was not therefore sorry to go,now moved away to the command on the Rhine, wh ich the French

army had shown a disposition to cross. Leaving, therefore, Hotzewith Austrians and 3000 Sw iss, to un ite w ith Korsakow in

keep ing Massena in check, h is Imperial H ighness, on the Slat of

August, repaired to Germany with men, to Oppose the republiu ns, who on the 2 6th crossed the Rhine at Mannheim. As soon

a Maesena heard Of the Archduke’s departure he formed a plan

to cross the Limmat near its junction w ith the Aar, so as to fall

fi'

l h all h is might upon Korsakow, wh ile Soult was ordered to

as in concert w ith Lecourbe, and drive back any Austrians whomthey should find before them but on the 3oth a sudden rise of the

waters deranged the plan ; Soult, not receiving h is counter orders,m elted on to Naefels, and Lecourbe came up on H otze

’s flank by

way of the Kloenthal. Jellachich defended the bridge over the

Limmat resolutely, but the v illage was carried, and, on the Slat, the

o ti t e division Of Hotze was driven through Glarus andMollie, andforced back completely beh ind the Linth and into the Rheinthal.

The arrival of the Archduke was so on attended w ith important

efl'

ects upon the Upper Rh ine. Here General Muller was in command of the French army, awai ting the arrival ofMoreau from Italy,hav ing with him the two divisions of Legrand and Collaud, and somebattahons which Baraguay d

’H illiers had sent h im

in allabou t men. With these he crossed theheim on the 2 6th, and driving the light troops of

ln'

m, sat down before Ph ilipsbourg the followtng day ; which placewas defended by the Rheingrsve Of Sslm Palatines. The

division of Laroche was charged w ith the siege, and batteries were

immediately constructed against the town, but were not ready to open

fire fill the 0th of September. In the mean whileMuller, finding

snwaaaosi

am ass swxrznsaann .

Schwetaingen, bnt Muller awaited w ith some uneasiness at Turkbsim the further unf olding of the designs of the Prince against h im,

nd the course of even ts.

47. Suwan ow ssrsas Swrrzsat aso , mo roacrs Mosr Sr.

Germ an sen ms Dav i s’

s Balb oa.

It was for some time in question by wha t approach Marshal SuwarDU should obey the instructions he had received from St. Petersburgh i ring up hisarmy out of Italy and into Switzerland ; but at lengthha s resolved to move by way of Mont S t. Go thard. Communicah swere forthwi th openedwith the Austrian authori ties to supply the” leery beasts of burden, to facilitate and support the passage of

Russian corps over this moun tain, and down the valley ol‘ theIn order to assist th is object Jellachich and Linken were to

the Muotthat Hotzeto advancewhile Kor

e side of Zurich. But as

St. Gothard, and must beuwarrow would have doneSplugen, and there unitedmy to encounter. Noth ingthe military repu tation of

they would recommend for a combined iawhile there is s omething amusing and cha

proposal to them to desire Korsaltow to sendthe Austrians in the use of the bayonethe says in his letter, we here owe exclu

flsptember, but fearing that Tortona might receive the relief thatbeen stipulated by the treaty before the 1 1 th, be deferred his

h u h, as we have seen , till he had obtained actual possession of that

when with characteristic energy he set off on h ismarch withaccomplishing the whole distance of 1 10 miles ined Taverna on the 15th , the very day on which

arrive there if he had not delayed h is departure.met h is first disappointment. The Austrianreports to the Emperor, deceivedme by shameses.

” They lost three do a in seeking to obtainand were at lengt obliged to dismmmttheir horses in the transport of army

are obliged to send the guns round byof the roads in the Great A lps. The

is late victorious legion now entered these

Russians are considered to be, they murthat they had uitted the rich plains O!

t‘

severest hardships and privatious amid

SU'

WARROW EN TERS SWITZERLAND.

these giant mountains; their hearts sunk w ithin them when theysaw before them the snow -covered summit of the St . Got-hardover wh ich they were requ ired to penetrate, and their energiudeserted them w ith all their enthusiasm. A great number (I

the soldiers threw away their arms and refused to go further,the d iscipline of the cane failed altogether in its efl

'

ects, and in

subord ination was carried to its utmost height. Under these cir

cumstances the oldMarshal and the Grand Duke Constantine eat stogether to the front of the column , and finding that exhortati.

and pun ishmen t now both failed, Suwarrow ordered a ditch to be

on the side of the road, when stripping h imself naked, he laid hin i t at full length , exclaiming, Cover me up here with earth, andabandon your general. Y ou are no longer my children ; I am no

longer your father. I t is time for me to die.

” The soldiers, on

come w ith th is demonstration of rude eloquence, rushed to the difl ,

drew ou t their ch ief, and implored him to forgive them and to H

them on , as he had so often done, to v ictory ; declaring that

were ready to escalade the most frightfulmoun tains, and toand drive off the enemy.

Rosenberg, w ith 6000 men , had been dispatched from “ lit“ ,

on the i 9 th , to make h is way by the source and valley of themRh ine to penetrate to Dissendis, so as to turn the St. Goth rd as

the righ t , and to cc-operate w ith the Austrian General Anfl‘enOn the 2 3rd the Marshal’s head-quarters were at Polmmge, andadvanced guard reached Piolta

,and found themselves in pan .

of the enemy’s ou tposts.

Lecourbe, w ith about men , defended the pan gs J tbSt . Gothard, hav ing under him Gudin, who with three bath “

occupied the mountains. Profiting by the enthusiasm he had “ I

raised amongst his soldiers, Suwarrow resolved at once to a“the French advanced post at A irolo. He had been joined at u

point by the corps of Strauch , who had advanced by way if the ValMaggia, on h is left, driving some of the troops of Thm

’s div“

before h im. The brigade of Gudin opposed such a stnbba l ls

sistance against the combined attacks led by Bagration and D.felden , that the oldMarshal stood aghast at the facility with whi th is men were shot down by an enemy much better versed thh imself in mountain warfare. The steep ascent at A irolo is a ll“up in zigmgs, wh ich the French commanded, on M ore, by al bceaaant fire, of which every shot told upon the assailants. Sumnaturally impatient and reckless of life

,sent up successive di ld

ments in the impracticable attempt to carry the steep by an a“un t il at last he attended to the advice of an Austrian stafland sen t Strauch round by the left to turn the posi tion . Rose-beltalso by this t ime appeared in the valley of the Lov er-Rhine, dAufl

‘

euberg was already at Dissendis. Lecourbe had 1 w no a!“

SUWARROW ENTERS SWITZERLAND .

Russians en tered Andermatt, where in the village inn they fell (in a

state of abso lute famine)upon every thing eatable they could find,

ind devoured a quantity of soap, wh ich they mistook for the famousshosse of the Cantons, while they boiled down all the h ides and

leather they could lay hands upon for soup. The French st ill held,with a detachmen t, the pass of the Devil’s Bridge, of wh ich theylestroyed the arch . The Russians, under Bagrat ion, madly sacrificed themselves to overcome this obstacle, and were many of themtilled, and many of them precipitated down the rocks, 2 00 feet high,that here bound the river Reuse. A t length a few companieswere sen t up the steep banks righ t and left, and into the galleryif the rocks percée, who cleared the defile and forced the troops of

Lecourbe to ret ire. The bridge was then repaired by means of

teams of wood lashed together w ith the oflicers’ sashes, and the

mops passed the terrific defile wi th loud shouts, throw ing them

laives into the tremendous abyss, and struggling through cataracts

ailing down w ith fearful impetuosity, .in which many men and horses

fi nd their graves. A short way further they had to cross the Ffef

h sprug or Friar’s Leap, a fearful chasm, over which it is said an

tthlet ic monk had, in the days of lusty monachism, safely carried infisarms a fa ir Proserpine of the adjoining can tons. Suwarrow un ited

his force w ith A ufl'

euberg at Amstieg , who indeed required h is as

istance ; for he found the Austrian General engaged w ith 2 000 men,not against him ou t of Altdorf, and he was so completely out

numbered here, that but for his resolute resistance, and the arrivalof Suwarrow , he must have been overcome.

The Russian Marshalnow advanced and took possession of Altdorf,without further opposition. He was here on classic ground. In th is

town there stood the famous linden - tree ofW illiam Tell, who was bornat the neighbouring village of Blirzlem,

and'

where the people se

b may st ill be seen, under a clear w in ter’s moon , practising wi t

h eroes- bow l and on a bold project ing rock, above the adjoininglshe, stands Tell’s chapel, erected in votive testimony to the patriotIsfar back as 1338 . A ll further advance was barred at this pointby the closing mountain ranges, unless by the waters of the LucerneLake, w h ich the French occupied w ith an armed flotilla. I t was to

bs expected that hosts might have been obtained for the Russiansi ther at A ltdorf or Fluelen, bu t there were none. Lecourbe hadremoved every thing that floated, and had broken the bridge across

the Reuse, at its confluence w i th the Lake at Seedorf. I t only there'ws remained open to Suwarrow to march h is army up the Sh iloh

I lthal, and to cross the moun tains into the Muottathal, where he

m eted to un ite himself w ith Jellachich from Wallenstatt, and w ith

b een de Linchen from the valley of the Rhine. On the 2 8th

is reached Mut ton . Lecourbe’s flanking part ies followed close on

IE traces, and it required all the resolute endurance of Russians

sdrag their way in single file up rocky paths, where even an ordi

traveller can w ith difficulty find a footing; The Marshal was

to rest h is harassed men here on the 2 9 th , and here he now

ss

vsived

v

intslligenee that was calculated to alarm the stout veteran.0L. 0 B

BATTLE OF ZURICH .

as soon as he discovered his mistake, and found Larges alreadybetween him and his commanding General, he marched awaywith such troops as he could collect, and directed h is course off

the field of battle towards the Rhine. General Markow was at

Closter-Fahr, but early in the day was wounded, and receiving no

support either from Durassow or Korsakow, he retreated beforeGeneral Gazan towards Hoeng ; but the Russians were not driven

from the heights of Fahr w ithout a severe contest, in which theylost seven guns, and then fell back without disorder to take post on

the Zurichberg. Oudiuot was immediately dispatched to follow them,

while the brigade of Bontemps was pushed on along the right bankof the river to prevent all communicat ion between this detachmentand the main army. The French attack on the right and centre ofthe Russian position had been but nrtiaily successful, and Prince

Gortschakofl'

,w ith a flotilla on the alts under the command of the

English CaptainWilliams, had rc-established it on the side ofWollishofen . Mortier in attacking the position of Wiedekow, in front ofZurich, found h imself opposed to the bulk of Korsaltow ’

s army, andhe could only maintain himself on the plateau with diflicult in s its

of a most v igorous resistance. Massena coming u from is’

ie at

this instan t, saw that it was necessary to make resh dis ositious.Humbert was accordingly sent to the aid of Mortier, and

'

Iein in

clining to h is right to lend the aid of his reserve to the sameGeneral,obliged the Russians to withdraw into Zurich ; and thus the French.under the favour of this success, got again across the Sill into Wolilshofen .

Korsaltow at length awoke to hisdanger, when he heard the heavycannonade on his right ; he now learned the fl ight of Durassow,and the defeat ofMaritow, but he had neither the presence of mindnor the boldness and ability for so great an emergency ; seeing, however, h is imminent dauger, he commenced to withdraw fromZurichthe requisite reinforcements to defend the Zurichberg, alreadyseriously menaced by Lorges and Oudinot. But the narrow streets

of the t own rendered the

passage of the div isions through them

with all their ba

ggage a wor of time and diiiiculty. and the Fr

already common ing all the approaches to the town from the sides

of the hills, were scattered among the v ineyards and thence kept

up upon the Russians in the cit and suburbs a destructive fire, untilthe latter in their despair rus ed on them with the bayonet. Korsakow then caused the camp t o be burned, and withdrew his troopsunder the tire of hiscannon, which he brought up

to rake the Frenchon every side with fearful effect. Jnot before ni itfall four battalions,and the legion of Barkman, arrived on the iicl from GeneralBetas,and w ith the assistance of these troops Oudinot and Lorges were

driven back again nearly to Wissehingen.

Masscna, sumelting the Russian General to be surrounded, andknowing the anger of driving a Russian army to desperation,summoned Korsakow to evacuate Zurich, but instead of repl ing, the

Russian General retained the messenger. and havin in h e nightreceived intelligence of the return of Durassow to the urichberg, he

now had leisure to recover h imself and collect his army togetha .

[i s attacked at early morn ing of the 38th the di vision of Lou-gm,”

as to open the mad to W interthur, on which the b rigade under Bou

temps had taken to preven t h is retreat, and he now resadved to

abandon Zurich together and to force his way to the Rhine. R:

therefore formed his order o f march , having his baggage and and

lery disposed in ths intervals of h is coinmns ; but not oon tent with

availing h imself of the road to W interthur, w h ich he hadhad thus

opened to h imself, be now changed h is order of march on Bglisn ,

which led to the Rhine more directly. The Fren ch fell the

Russian dank righ t and left on the march , and although MWcov ite regimen ts, wh ich were rather in order of retrea t than ol battle,

Oudino t had obtained entrance into the town of Zurich onmand Klein on the o ther, though t he Russian sharpeha vters d

themselves from street to street . I t was here that tbe vend -aids

and celebrated Lavater, thinking to stop the work of murder by thepresence of a minister of peace, placed himeelf between the upped ;fires and fell dead in the street . Eigh t thom d Russians were

placed hors de oostbat in this encounter, and 100 and all the

treasure and camp equi w ere taken . Korea neverthele

efl'

ected his escape, one co umn b way of Egiisan, and the ru t efh is army by Schafl'hausen . TheRussians having thus placed the

Rh ine between them and the enemy , it is time to m ert to the attart

of the French upon Hotze'e division on their iefi the same day .

Sonlt with men advanced at three in the morning ts

foree the passage of the Lin th between the Lakes o m-ieh aadWallerststt, wh ich was defended by the Austrian div ision w det

Home. The passage wae to be made at W o plaees, and bonia badbeen hmught from the Lake o ug to construct a bridge

Bilten , whi le the old one was restored at Grynau. The tatterentrusted to the brigade of Laval, who was joined from the lake hy t?‘brigade of Lochet. Soult himself superintended the operations

”:Bihem 'l‘his poin t was only pmtected an A nstrian hsttalion of tbe

regiment of Bender, who were supported by an Baum-h

battalion . Gen eral Hotze on the first accnmnt of the French attach

hastened from his uarters at Kaltenbran, andarrived v ith madditional battalions at hmuis. Finding affairs becoming eerie“w d du imus of mconnoi tfing the fim e md pod dm of thsm he

came down from tite v ilh ge M tbe river banh, when be fall “the tire of a platoon , that h t a momen t stretched him i t“chief of the staff, Colonel Pinnheg dead on the field. The lem t f

sUWAanow ADVAN CES TO LAKE CON STAN CE. 2 45

Grynau, but it broke down again under the passage of the Frenchops ; in these circumsta nces they were attacked by the Russians

ier Titcfl'

,who had marched up from Rappersohwyle, but he was

igod in the end to gi ve way before the two brigades. General

trasch succeeded Hotze in the command of the division. and at

so ordered it to ret ire across the moun tains into the Tokkemb urg ;t th inking in the n igh t that he had been hasty in ordering th is reat, and that it might imperi l the div ision of Korsakow, if he shou ldwe succeeded in maintain ing h is posi tion at Zurich , he ordered back)0 infantry with a squadron of cavalry and six guns to Benken, butso were unfortunately surprised there in the n ight by three bations of French , and obl iged to lay down their arms, with five guns.

ulgcontinu ing his advance, sent forward Godinot against the retreatenemy, from whom he took 700 men and eight guns, then turn ingldenly upon Rapperschwyle wi th the brigade of Laval, he thereitored a considerable magaz ine and the who le of W illiams’sflo ti l la.

soon however as Petrasch was apprised of Korsakow’s disaster,

precipi tated h is retreat, and did not discon tinue it t i l l he hadused the Rh ine between h im and h is enemy at Rheineck. Ge

ral Jellach ich had been directed to take post in the Canton of

true, and seek to open a commun ication with Suwarrow at

tdorf, and in th is task he was watched by the French brigade ofilitor. On the 2 oth he got possession of Mol l is, but could not

set h is passage of the Limmat at Naefels. After several inefrtual attempts in the course of the day, and renewed again on

t morn ing of the 2 6th , he at length heard of the death of Hotze

dretreat of Petrasch , and hasten ing to secure h is own safety, heI back first to Wallerstatt

,and then across the Rh ine. Baron de

nken , who had a simi lar mission , took possession of G larus ; but ason as Mo l itor had disembar r

assed h imself of one adversary helwith all h is force on the other, and obl iged Linken to ret ire to

hwanden , where he t ested to recei ve accounts from Suwarrow or

llach ich , b ut hearing noth ing, he sought his own safety by ret iringCo ire in the Rheinthal. The discomfiture of these two Austriandsions was a great augmen tat ion of the Russian Marshal ’s dia

60. S t wm aow roacss ms WA Y TO Lu ca Cons'rmcs.

Suwarrow had honestly kep t h is promise to advance into the

bauta ins in order to fal l on the rear of Massena, wh i le the un itedcos of Ho tze and Korsakow shou ld check the French army inmt ; but he found h imself u tterly withou t any commun icat ions withy o f the al l ied div isions, though he sen t his patro ls forward as farMont Brake] on the way to G larus. Here he heard ofJellach ich andaken ’

s retreat, and the rumours at length reached h im of the com

its defeat of bo th the Austrian and Russian armies, and of the re

n t of the ir who le force ou t of Switzerland and across the Rh ine.

a immediate ly recogn ized the imminency of his own posi tion , and no

0 taken in the to i ls cou l d have been more formidab le to his keepersan the redoubted veteran was to all around him in his anger. The

M ATH OE BUWABROW.

two lines at the end of a valley. The Russian Generalt andan imating his sold iers, eh edMassena’s columns so, that he forced them to retreat, eav in beh ind 1000 prilud ing GeneralLacourand two ch iefsof ri e, With sevensenberg did not sustain in this encoun ter a ve 300 casualsna, conv inced that he had no ord inaryman ,nora more outimcnt to deal with, was now satisfied to let them

dlgo, retiring

fix his head-

quarters at the Abbey of Einsei en. Aftermes, therefore, Suwarrow was enabled to rest h is army atthree days, s o that it was the oth before he began h is

rards the Grison country, in wh ich he expected to meetan and Jellachich. Aufl

'

enherg led the march across thewh i le Suwarrow fo l lowed him on t he 7ih, and on thetinned hismarch down the vale of Engi, which was one of

make a movemen t in advance, in aidn army. On the 7th he crossed the

ad with spiri t the divis ion ofMenardunder Condcalso moved up into thecutest ensued between them and the

mportance resu lted from these conflicts.

in Rosan a Aan r w xrnoaAws our or GERMANY ,Suwm aow nuns A

'r ST. Pmsassuao.

hduke heard on

d in Switzerlandto Prince Sehwarwith singen

{hein

wi th this paragraph :

“ i am Fieldddarshtd as welt as you : setu

mander as we as you of so Imperia l army :old, whi le you an

ng, it is hit you to come and m th e.

“ Suwarrow qu itted tbs

Its of the Lake with all his arm on the 80th.arrlvod on the lch olNovemberat Augsburg.where he ated h is headq uarters , andMhis army in the rich lauds ad eining the II the Lech, and theDanube. A few da s afterwa s be received on from St . Peters

bu t o reconduct is army into the states of his sovereign, and he

in wi th marched away accordingl bu t when he arrived on thefrontier of Bohemia he again roce ved orders to bait , and eon »

gummy now placed his head-«R

m at Prague. i ts was again 0

rred to return hem and se t is armyforwsrd and as he proceeded

wi thout any obstacle he soon approsc ted the cap ital 3 he heardmthat he should be receiv ed with unbounded honours, bu t when htarrived near St . Petersburg.a message arrived with «min e to hito repair to his ow n house. H is vo lat i le master had taken it labhis head that his Marshal shou ld have informed him of the Mwh ich had brough t such d isasters on the Muscovite arms. and had,in h is inconsistent character. wavered between the honour duo s:his General and the disrespect shown to h imself :but the vats-aspto ast of h is sovarei , ev ideneed by th is last order, prayed apes

the mind of the doc ning voteran.aud he fell at once into a state

approach ing to ch i ldishness. i n th is cond it ion he M ight the h isr to v isi t him. Pau l ” fused. but sent his sons Alexander and

ustsntine to conso le the last moments of the sink ing hero . [is

died on the 18th of May. 1300. A sp lend id inaw ai was orderedhim. and soldiets attended him to the grave ; bu t the eart hcl one Emperor. to mark his displeasure, desired that the whole of thediplomat ic body rhould aloof from themournihl ceremony . TheBri tish ambassador, Lon i hitworth. alone braved the wra th of weCu n sad fol lowed the rcmalns of the immortal hero to h is "wish ;

62 . Mtsm ar M oran or Mu tt on . Bowmaow, Rim-um ass

lu u axsa t.

Th e celebrity of th is dist ingu ished mi l itary leader renders it inset .

ben t upon us to stop a momen t to contentplats him as a sold ier aa‘svats mutt. A lex is Van dlymviteh Prince Suwarmw was barn is

0 Ukraine in ”30. The son o f an chic“ , ho (mm the Marm as s pri vate in ”62 . i n ”M l

116 he became a Lieutenant-Coltactions of the Seven Y ears’ War.

he made General Corh iere and

prisoners. i n ”68, in the first

ma] mu seum or n u snan snwaaaow .

he was sinking, and drew him to the bank , so that he surv ived, butit was some t ime before he was recovered . In the same year hereceived the order of St. Anne. In 1778 he was employed in the

command of a separate division in the war a ainst the Turks underRomanzow , and swimming across the Danu e at the head of his

troops, he attacked and repulsed the enemy near H irsova ; andstill further increased h is renown by defeat ing the grand Turkisharmy, strong, wi th Russians, and tak ing forty gunsdrum them, at Turtukey. As a recompense for th is v ictory the

Empress transmi tted to him the order of St. George. Employedafterwards in Muscov he pursued and took the rebel Pugatsshew prisoner, for wh ch service he was appointed commander ofall the troops in that country. In 1788, when employed in theKuban, he obl iged Schaim Geray, whom a year or two before he hadestab l ished on the throne, to abdirate it. and to take an oath offideli ty, w ith all his Tartars, to the Empress, who now sent h im then dsr of St. V lad imir in acknow ledgment of her continued favour.i n 1780 he accompan ied the Empress to the Crimea in command ofths troopsassembled for th is occasion . Thefo llowing year he assistedin the v ictorious defence of Kinburn, where he was wounded in an

engagement with the Osmanl i horse, and hiscorps dispersed. A fterwards he served under Po tentkin at the siege of Ockzakofl

'

, where he«was dangero usly wounded and nearly blown up by the exp losion of a

powder magaz ine. For all these services he was adorned wlth a

Itsw order, that of St. Andrew , the h ighest in the empire. In 1789hs commanded an army of Russians in concert w ith an Austriansorps under Prince Cobourg, and they ga ined the bril l ian t v ictory ofIi'okahan i l soon after wh ich the Grand Viz ier approaching w ith

a fresh army of men , these two commanders together

gained the battle of Rimnik, near Martinjesti. For th is his Intpsrialmistress conferred on h int the honourable distinction of Rimniski, and the Emper or of Germany made hlm Count of the RomanEmpire. In 1700 he made the terrible exploit of the capture ofIsma i l , wh ich he accomplished on ly after eleven hours’ hard figh t ing.

The conquest of Po land wi th the sack of Prsga was the next ach ieveutent of th is redoubtable conqueror in 1704, for wh ich he was

m ated Field-Marshal , by a remarkab le missive from the EmpressCatherine, the year before she d ied, when she also sent h im a stafi

'

made o f go ld ornamented with diamonds, to the amount of

rub les, and at the same time presen ted h im with an estate of 7000ate at Kuban, wh ich had been the scene of his greatest success.

It 1708 he was destined to the command of the expedition againstthe French in i taly ; and his bri l l iant victories in 1799 at Cassano,the Trebbia and Nov i , procured h im from the Czar Paul the ti tle ofPrince i talienaki. i n an unlucky moment he carried h is army intoSwi tzerland, when for the first time in his life he experienced dissomilture, that resu lted in his disgrace, and death.

i n person Suwarrow was tal l, considerably exceed ing six feet.and full-chested ; his countenance was stern, and his temper violent.

3 Vol. iv. 9. 87.

WAR ON THE RH INE.

f, then , success at any sacrifice be the great end and aim of a

eneral, honour to Suwarrow , he was of the h ighest ; but soldiers

rs of some account in the estimate of a v ictory, they are a costlyrticle, formed out of the stoutest human heart , and w elded into a

machin e of immense power by t ime, skill, and discipline, so that theyre not to be idly sacrificed to cover the incompetency or the blundersif a general. Indeed, leaders in war are not exempt from the re

ponsib ilities of other mortals ; and it is a fearful consideration how

i soul so steeped in b lood as Suwarrow’s shall himself pass the

h eat Assize to which he recklessly sent so many.

63. Was on res Rams.

As soon as Suwarrow had taken h is departure, a serious task was

lltposed upon the Archduke, who after the affair at Neckerau had

eturned t oDonauesch ingen , to watch all the avenues to the valleyif the Danube

,while he provided for the defence of that of the

Rhine. He had to keep in check, w ith his diminished numbers, then o am iss of Massena and Lecourbe, wh ich last General hadrecen tly been appoin ted to the command of that of the Rhine.

l‘b is active young ch ief, emulous of distinction, crossed the Rh ine

tear O ppenheim on the l lth of October in three columns, and adranced on Frankfort and Heidelberg . The Prince of Lichtensteinlsfended th is latter post w ith spirit, and was wounded in the en

tounter ; bu t, on the 17th, the Prince of Schwartzenberg, who was

I! command of the whole corps d’armée, placed between the N ocltar

ted the Mayn, ordered it to fall back beh ind the Enz, in order to

an the support of the div ision under Merfeldt,in the valley of

he Kinzig . Lecourbe, seeing the ground thus cleared, instantlylrdered Ney to invest Philipsbourg, and marched against the Imperialists to force them back from the Enz, but the Duke of Wurtemisrg brought out h is con tingent to defend h is own territory, and thetrchduke sent up to h isaid 4000 cavalry and infantry. On the 3td of

November, w ith the corps thus reinforced, the Prince of Hohenlohe,he W urtemberg General, attacked Ney’s advanced guard under

Lorcet , at Bietizheim, and forced them to evacuate Heilbron and

asufl'

en . Ney came up in support, but thesu eriority of the Austrianrevelry bore down all before them : and the

‘rench squadrons, who,

by their retreat, left exposed two battalions in square to the w ere

of the Austrians,fled. Lorcet andNey were both severely wounds

md gained w ith difficulty the heights of Gastach.

A fter these affairs the blockade of Ph ilipsbourg was raised on the

m1: but on the l6tl1 the French Generals invested this fortress forhe fourth time. The Archduke therefore collected fifteen battalionsmd fifty-one squadrons,and sent them to its succour, under Sztarray.l‘hese advanced on the 2 nd of December 11 ainst the French inhree co lumns. Lecourbe received the attac upon the heights of

rl ilsbach , but the Prince of Hohenlohe advancing on S inzheim,

Wrede on Wimmersbach , and Goerger on Muntzingen , the Frenchi eneralfound h imself outflanked, and retired on Wisslocb . The next

lay the attack was renewed, and although the French stoutly resisted

to main tain himu lf sny lonzer at lc imq where the lmperislists h ldthe ehaussée, and thm fore had recoun e to the old stratagm to ohtain

time for h is troops to get away to Mannhetm. He dmnasdsdan armis

fiu upon w me ph nsihh pmm g and the simple flnnm mnct look ing heyn nd the retrsat cf the French out of the m ,

conceded it , suhject to the ratification of the Amhdnke z hn t ss thb

conld not arrive t ill th e thhd day, ln courhe had sufi cient tin s u

repsss the Rh ine w ith h is army , and again raise ths hlookade of

Philipsbourg. He retired on Mannhdm ; and with the ccola t impdenoe,

‘hav ing deluded h is opponen t in to a suspension of arma, beav ailed h imself of it to destroy the bridge of Neckersn on hearing d

Wan snd, howev er, to further hostilitiea, and hoth armies wens ists

54. Wu 1 111 In n —Barn s or 6 1111014 .

General Championnet had been appointed to the command ef thsarmy of ltaly , comprising also that of the A lps. (which had hea ls

great m pM m d a'M fm was

posed to He does not

pear to have been hampered w ith any instructiong hu t was

man of that original genius who could lay down s for

he contented himself, therefore, with we obligation to kw p ii

ii

i

necessity which Champio nnet was under hy the appeal frsfeem sh

Dhectory to efl’ect sa nething with his fomq indneed h im to

whoSt. Cyr to advance against Klenau on h is ex treme s-figh t, who-1 th !Genen l dm e hack wi th the lms of some meh m r flm cq m fi s

c c ctoher, and estab lished Miollis at Sestri di Levanse. o

ths lh th General Lahoissiers at tasked Kam sy, who w ithdm sl

once os A lm ndria w ithoct fight ing , hut on the t h . rscsqstrong reinforcement “ cavalry, the A ustrian Geneu l tun ed

ths enemy , w hom hs eharged and put to the m ea

n

seonfing up to his aid with m men in to se

u tablished the fighg and drm hack ths A

mustrians with ths l

of 1500 men and seven guns. “ cl-s, “ m u hs m mof tltess movecneumsen t fm-ward twotwo awnng mhm cf

WAR IN I TALY .

in the end dislodgedMolard out of Rivoli, and drove back the French ‘

to the foo t ofMon t Cenis on the 2 b lh .

The plateau surrounding C on i was the scene of con tinual contest

the Austrians keeping thetr ground, and investing the place in spite

the French attempts to break through their lines, though headed

by the gallantry of Lemoine, V ictor, and Muller. Perhaps a betterleader than Melas might have rendered of more value than he

did h is great advan tage in holding the chord of the circle in the

plains of Piedmont, against an enemy who occupied its periphery inthe mountains. Championnet, however, feeling that the state of the

season wou ld soon compel him to leave Coni to its own resources,

determined to make an effort to free it from its impend ing fate, andwith th is v iew he again set his army in motion. St . Cyr marchedthe div isions of Dombrowsky and Watrin on Nov i, and General

Labo issiere descended the valley of the Orba. The Austrian General,Karsczay , finding his enemy too many for him, retired beh ind hisintrenchments on their approach . St. Cyr then advanced against

him in fron t and flank, bu t Karaczay bravely resisted for a longtime, un til he was at length obliged to retire in some disorder on

Alessandria, w ith the loss of three guns. The rains, however, hadso swelled the rivers that St. Cyr could not ford them, and was glad

to secure h imself as well as he could between Tortona and San

Giuliano . Duhesme, who was ordered to be in mo tion at the sametime as St. Cyr, could not move t ill the let of November, but in themean t ime V ictor and Ott had been our p rices for the possession of

Beinette, on the 2 1st, wh ich remained w ith the latter ; as in like

manner Gardanne and Count d’Auersperg were engaged near Villanova, on the 2 7th, to the discomfiture of the former. These attackswere only preludes to the greater one meditated by Championnet.GeneralGren ier, who commanded the cen tre of the army, had not

for a long time qu itted his camp of Madonna del O lmo, un til on theeven ing of the 2 8th he received orders to move forward by Centatoand Murazzo on Vico . A smart engagement ensued, in wh ich the

French were worsted, w ith the loss of General Calvin, and somehundred prisoners. On the 2 9th, however, Fressinet got possession of Murazzo : on the other side of the Stura, Lemoine advancedtowards Castelletto

, and Victor towards Beinette. The forces as

sembled, and the movement made by the French on the left bank ofthe Stura, combined with the operations carried on in the valley ofSeas, conv inced General Melas that Championnet entertained the

hope of cu tting off h is commun icat ions w ith Turin , and of establishing himself in the plains of Piedmont. H e therefore adopted a plan

to frustrate these projects. He allowed Lemoine to possess himselfof Mondov i on the 2 nd of November, w ithout Opposition , and Victorto cross the Stura, wh ile Duhesme unmolested marched towards

Saluszo. Thus the Austrian General, prudently yielding to what thed ate of th ings required, marched by an oblique movement to hisrigh t, and took up a position between Fossano and Marcnne.

The close approach of the two am iss rendered it manifest to

two commanders that a general action had become inevitable, and

BATTLE OF GEN OLA .

kt n igh tfa ll the Imperialism established their left at Mus

oi food

1600.

18 . Th

t Mondov i, where he wasbed that the main tenance

would no t preven t, the Acan time GeneralSt . Cyrlo side of Alessandria .

ug between

0 back w h il

l Kray w ithcame up to

the 6th the

i ovi . Kray,in the faubou

l French in their position at Novi.ho had d isplayed signal abilitiesi t he cou ld not attempt any th inga had driven Lemo ine from Borgo ,On the l0th O tt was d irected to move l

her place, b ut the veteran was no t to La

ority of numbers told against him.

t Ro b illan te andeven tually onlelas turned on the c

directed against t h a n

in three columns from u

ihammonnet ordered that on w e

l9 .] REVOLUTION or run 18m snou amn.

mutinously to France. S t. Cyr exerted himself to rally andac t a small body for the protection of Genoa, but it was foundassary to send Massena to take the command, who soon by hisirons hand and popular character, and w ith the money he hadtined and brough t w ith h im from Paris for the paymen t Of thei, sto pped the torrent Of desertion and brought many back to theirments.

66. REVOLUTION or ru n 18m Banan as.

'h e news of Bonaparte having landed at Frejus startled theisians. Some loudly cried that he should be put on his trialas aarter from h is army ; others regarded h is presence as the happyof France, La patrie est sauvée,” was their cry ; andMoreau,

t was at Paris and in consultat ion w ith the revolutionary partn ee exclaimed, Tn n

’as plus besoin de moi voilal'homme qu ii

a faut pour ton mouvement.” On GeneralBonaparte’s arri valat

is a most brilliant welc ome awaited h im from all classes. Thedo O f the various political parties early sough t his quarters for anOrtun ity o f exposing their griefs and Of obta ining the assistance of

powerful influence. They were also desirous of sounding hislions and intended course of conduct, for it wasmanifest that heno t returned to France w ithout some palpable object. Amongstrrs the A b hé S ieyes, one oi

'

the fi ve Directors, opened to h iman

igue in wh ich he and Talleyrand were engaged for the overthrowthe government of the D irectory. The renown of the General’srd and the power O f

‘

h is bro ther Lucien , who had succeeded in

ring h imself President of the Chamber of' Five H undred, deter.ed the conspirators to make th is application early to Bonaparte.did no t openly accede to it , but sat isfied Of h is support, the planimmediately carried out. On the 9 th of N ovember (correspondto the [8th Brumaire) the Council of Ancients, the majority ofch had been gained o ver to the plo t, assembled at the unusual

r of eigh t in the morn ing, when i t was proposed and resolved5 great majority of the members present, that for the sake of the

lie tranqu illity, wh ich was threatened, and for the greater freedom.heir deliberat ions, the Corps Legislatif should be transferred to

Cloud , and General Bonaparte was charged w ith the execution

h is decree. As soon therefore as the Council of Five Hundredimb led, they w ere informed Of the decree of translation of the

t of assembly, and Lucien,after receiv ing this communication,

upt ly closed the sitting.

ieneral Bonaparte had been welcomed on h is arrival by his Oldnd and pro tectorBarras, but the wily Corsican soon perceived thatpower and influence had been lost to the old Director, and heteloro read ily turned to Sieyes and Roger Ducos, two Directors,Dhad already determined to sacrifice Barras. As soon, therefore,he young Dictator had taken the oath imposed on h im he collected

N0 men, and fi xed his head-quarters at the Tuileries : he thererounded himself w ith all his military associates. He established

Pee

‘i

r

n command of head-quarters ; Milhaud in charge Of the

Oh.

BONAPARTE FI RST CON SUL .

id him th eir assistance to deliver the national representan joug d

’un petit nombre de foresees.” Bonaparte then

[urat and Leclerc t omarch a battalion into the council andto assembly. The members dad for their lives out of thetnd across the park of St. CIoud as soon as they saw thetrance, scattering their feathered hats, their silk mantles,tricoloured scarfs in every direction. A ll was confusiontt declared in load terms,

“ Le corps legislatif est dissousdo General Bonaparte.

”

wients were still si tting when fugitives from the othernnounced what had happened. Lucien , rallying some of hiswhom he could best depend, presen ted h imself at their bar,on the chamber to pr ov ide by some set for the security of

u tion. At eleven at night such members of the two councils

the plot and remained, assembled in the orangery of St.i passed decrees declaring Bonaparte and the troops to

wed well of their coun try ; and they unanimously resolved)irectory should be abolished, that the legislature shouldmod for three months, an d that Bonaparte, Sieyes, andcos should form the execu tive power with the title of

w isionary arrangemen t was succeeded after the interval ofby a pacts constitu tionnel,

”under wh ich .Bonaparte was

.t Consul, w ith Cambaceres and Lebrnn for advisers ; anduhmitted to the public voice on the i 3th of December byto un iversal suffrage, when the vote b ballot was tslten on

tnd the nat ional decision was decla to be to accept thebaition by votes. The First Consul then tookformed a cabinet , which consisted of Berthier as Minister‘alleyrand for Foreign Aflh irs, Bourdon for the Marine,i. en trusted to Laplace, Police to Fouch‘, and Marat wascretary of State, all names well known to posterity, andin timately w ith the go vernment of France underNapoleon

57. BONAPARTE F lasr Comm»

lO ni ht that these events occurredBonapartemho had tah n

.e w ole day , and who always seemed insensible tomes!ed aso great exertions were require

d, instan tly pumu dated from St. Cloud, wh ich at nin e o

’clock was read

yht to the agi tated maps o f the French am b led

parts of the capit i n the character Commmderdnsparte also issued a proclama tion to the army, dated thet at eleven o

’clock, giv ing to them an account of his own

an h is return to France ; nor did he at thismomen t forgetin Egypt, to whom he wrote,.assuring them that he was

in thought among them, and requiring them to in

at unlimited confidence which they were won t tofi

ll

:nd which was ouly what hs dsesrved. The rest of

devoted to the formatiou of the new p u mment ; and “

A I’AR'PE Plltfl‘l‘ CON SUL

ouo in tho morn ing tho First Consul took the oath of ofi cs hoistsLucien and somo thirty members of the Five Hundred, who undctoolt to represent tho wholo ho tl

y.

a oloon rivallod (honor in t to clemency w ith which he nsstl hhv ictory. No proscriptions or massacres, few arrests even, no il

prioomnoutn followed the triumph of order over revolution : I Isuroe of sonic sovority wor nat first put in force to silence the u

v iolent, and thirty-novon of tha n were sentenced to ho banished DCnyonno , hu t tho sont onco of transportation was shortly changedWa moro surveillance, and even this was not long con tinued. Nbthousand utut o pris oners received thoir libsrty, and many royslhnwho hud boon for years incarceran-d were set free. A l N i ii”of tho conciliation and prudouro which guarded the First Con-lfrom the first moment of his oloctlnu, out be cited h is c onduct b

A ugorouu , whoso courngo and devotion to is y had made hil tmost v io lent and outrageous Jacob iu. The

‘irst Consul a

pfdnfl

h im to tho oh iof command of tho French army in Holland,an in hletter ho wro te to convoy tho appo intment, Bonaparte in.“ s

friendly ruhuko for h is connexion with Jacobin clubs, and hi mhatiou o f the ir princ ipiou and actions.

The elevat ion o f Napoleon llouapurto to the placeofFirst Conn hfl'

ch iefrulero f Franco, wus tho turuiugopoint in the fortunesof thatdorful man : it not only affected his own future fan", but inflnsldtho stuto and condition as well of France as of i taly, Germany‘flovory o ther otato in Europe. We have soon in those Annals flpoor Corsican adventur er. tho simple Sous-M ound“ of u tilit y,rapidly moun ting to tho bond of armies, and leading them on (I.v ictory to vic tory, till ho was suddenly exalted to an authority Iamplo and absolute as any of tho most powerful of the kings that hadover ro iguod in Franco. lnvostod with the unlimited command oftho runourooo, and tho dis maul of tho liven and forum“ of 5 ”3

5comprising the migh tiest lur oman state, he wielded the p ower a

conquering sword, nuppliod w iththe moons of converting "sq mwho mm o f mature ago t o boar arms into a thoroughly emslsnt u idior. ready to carry out h is w ill into every cumny

’s country. If hi

arrival at Fri-jun struck Europe w ithcoullrmod and ratified by tho proceedings at St.

mated by a Wonderful comb ination of ph ilosophyHav ing now ootnbliohod lnmsolf in supreme

proolu imod h is designs and v iews, founded (asciplou o fmoderat ion and justico to both citisonsroyuliato nud republicans, ho nox t addressed blmsc-lf to thoof «(hosting a peace w ith all foreign power», or, at any rats, if hboffer was ro fumul, o fjust ifying acontinuance ofthe war. On Christmasday, tho vory day follow ing his election, he wrote a lot-tor fi ll ! itsancient pahw o of tho llourbomo(in wh ich he had M I I tsh.up his [w rnmnont abode), addressed directly to the King GMllrltuiu ,

wh ich , though contrary to all diplomatic usage, was sa i dw ith a brevi ty, a d ignity. and a plausibility that would not ha" dbgraced the poruoual illtorrom‘l c of monarchs. nor have i s. I

N AVA L WAR .

orthy of sovereign usage. I t was fu l l of good sense, equal ly freeom republican fanat icism, as from the snobbery of an upstart. It

mp ly asked “ whether war must be eternal, and whether therel isted no means of coming to an amicable understanding.

”The

ct ter was rep l ied to by Lord Grenv i l le, the British Foreign Secretry , and a correspondence ensued between that noble Lord andl

alleyrand, the French Foreign Min ister, wh ich terminated in the

sfasal of the Bri t ish government to appoin t a p len ipo tent iary, adiitt ing the principle of non - interven tion in the internal governmentf France, but grounding it with litt le disgu ise upon disapprobat ion of

me aggressions wh ich had been efi'

ectuated by her armies in the

totes of the al lies of the Brit ish crown .

58. NAVAL WAR.

The rupture wh ich towards the end of the previous year occurredetween France and the Un ited States of America, brough t for thea t time a new naval power upon the batt le-field of the ocean . An

ar ly attent ion had been paid by that young Republic to her marit imefi'

a irs bu t the low state of the treasury, and the tran qu i l condit ion6 her in tercourse with the world, induced some supineness in the proeedin gs of the Congress for th is object un t i l, in 1794, the construc

ion and equ ipmen t of four vessels o f 44 guns each and two of 36

were decreed for the protection of American commerce in the

dediterranean . Th is start when once commenced was cont inued, sobut when war was declared against France, the navy of the Un iteditates consisted (besides several smal ler vessels) of fifteen frigates,our of them the largest and heaviest of the kind that had ever beenmoviously constructed . The first nava l laurel acqu ired by the Un iteditates

’navy occurred at the commencement of th is year.

One of the above frigates, cal led the Constel lation,” 36, Commolore Thomas Trux ton , when sai l ing near the island of Nev is, in theWest Indies, on the 9th of February

,bore down upon a strange sh ip,

hat proved to be the French frigate L’Insurgente,

”36, Captain

3arreaut . Ignorant of the war (as it was said) the French captaintailed the American , to learn her purpose ; bu t before he had t ime tounge alongside, the Constel lat ion opened her broadside, a spiritedtction ensued, wh ich lasted one hour and a quarter, when the Frenchihip , having lost her main- topmast , and being in other respects

great ly damaged, struck her colours. Th is was the first essay of themerican Republ ic in marit ime war, and there was no end to the

u negyrics upon the American Commodore on bo th sides of the

At lan tic ; b u t it is fair to state that the Frenchman was crippledaefore she began her contest ; that she was not certain ly informed)f the dec larat ion of war between France and the Un ited States ;md that she had a comp lemen t of 100 less men, and ten less gunsihan her opponent ; and that she fought wel l may be inferred fromh e comparat ive casualt ies, for she lost twenty-n ine men and fortyFour wounded, wh i le the American lost on ly oneman ki l led and twowounded . The French captain was afterwards tried at L

’orien t for

the loss of h is sh ip, and honourably acquitted on account of the

d th e “ Sibyl le"ceasedfiring amid three cheers. The Englishs ea board hailed for a boat, “ all that the Frenchmen had

rt away. The action then ended, after about two hours and

adoration ; the“ Forte

” had also lost her tain,besidea

lieu tenan t, and sixty ’ five ki l led, and several her officers,

my w ounded. As the niasts had fallen with all the sails set,

as remarked that the fire o f the S ih ylle” must havem u

and nnm fatal direct ion than dn t oi ber w tagon isg all th e

mms,the wheel, capstan , binnac le, and other art icles on deck,

terly destroyed. A most ex traord inary circumstance alsot the forecastle bell was pierced w i th a grapeaho t and yet

lied. lt is still to be seen at Fort Wilham, Calcu tta, as theof 'th is action . The “ S ibylle ” had her captain and four

lnd seven teen wounded . Darin the action li ttle atten tion-n d to the Forte’s ”

two prizes at day l ight these wererd ying to , ball down to windward , and since they could notyed to come to the captorg and these were too crippled to

rill now go forward in poin t of time to finish ofi' with the yet

ng frigate oi' Admiral Sercey

’ssquadron La Preneuse.

” On

l of September, the Bri tish “ Camel ,” Cap tain Johnned « flute, and the sh ip-sloop e,

” 16, Cap tainGooch , were lying at A lgoa Bay, near the Cape of GM

e wi th General Dundas, who was acting against the Games,ant Fotherg i l l, of the Rat tlesnake,

"was senior officer of the

though t it his duty to ligh t the Frenchman. Accordxe made a private si al to the Camel,

”to apprise her of his

n,and bo th ships red a shot each under the stern of the

h ich “ La Preneuse " took not the sl igh test not ice.

0 Britis

BAY “ M l l

imt ran hm elt on tlw ahon ol’

ta les. and dhl not ca l l“ until she heal

wh

when the latter struc k her coloum. On the i3th of April, when oli'

Jamaica, the ”Amaranth i t , Captain F. Vesey. ramsmp, after a lu ng wi th the letter of marque tho Vengeur.

"6,

and mgaged her, who no twithstand ing the great inferiority of force,fough t for upwards of an hour, when she surrendered . a defencetin t elicited ajust mead of praise from her capt or. On the 1 2 th of

May . in the morning, the Bri tish cu tter Courier, 1 2 , Lieutenant

Set t le, oii'

the Texel,discoveredan armed brig i n the act of capturinga merchan t sloop. The “ Courier ”

immediately bro ught her to

action.wh ich lasted for an hour and fortyminutes, when the privateerW a better sai ler, escaped. On the 2 2 nd of June, in the A t lan tic,the British frigate A lcmene," 8 2 , Captain Henry Digby, discovereda strango ship in the act of boardingan American vessel. The frigategave chase, but it was the 2 05th

8before she could get up within

gunsho t of the pri vateer ; a runn ing tight commenced, wh ich lastedtwelve hours, when the Oourageux , of Bordeau x , struck hera xiom On the oth of October, the schooner Ferret , tender tothe Aberga line of batt le sh ip, in Port Royal Harbour,Jamaica.hav ing it 3~poundcre, and about ti tty men and hoya, comn anded by Lieutenant M. Fi tton, was cruising oti

'

Jamaica, whenshe disco vered a large Spanish schooner manoeu vring towa i ds Cuba,so as to obtain theweather-gauge. The Ferret,"however, weatheredthe Span iard, and came down and {ought her for hal l

‘

an hour, when

ths pn vm crsheared elf ; but by the help of her sweeps, the Ferret "

pm and again bro ugh t her to action on th e 0th for about thesame per

‘

md, when finding her an tagon ist too close in lands he gaveup pursu it. The inhabi tants of the east end o f Jama ica were witnausea oi the ht, and seeing the disparity of the combatan ts, sentacross to the b venny to obta in assistance for the tender. On

the l ltit ofO ctober British frigate Revolu tionnaire,"88, Captain

T. Twysden . when utl’i reland. chased a strange ahi i, and came up

wi th hu at‘

ter a run of i ll miles in nine and a halt ours, when she

hauled down her colours wi thout any resistance, and proved to be

the Bordelais," ot Bordeaux, carrying 2 4 guns, and esteemed one

the la test sailing privateers out of F iance. On the 1 2 th of

, cru in the Straits of Babelmandel, the Bi itish sloop

zTrinm tnales,

"6, Captain J . Rowe, fel l in w i th the French privateer

“ W e 2 0. A smart engagemen t ensued for two hours, whentbo w mbl tam fell on board each other. The pri vateer captain,

great confidence i n his crew ,attempted to board , when and .

the Trincamalee” b lew up, leaving on ly two on board of ha

allvn and. as the sh ips at the t ime touched each other, th e shockstow in the side of the pri vateer, so that lit a fee minutes she went

M aud with her lin olliocrsandmen ! On the 2 i ndof November

vessels wore and made off. They were believed to have been muchpun ished

,and that the Commodore on b oard the Cornel ie ” had

been k i l led , as wel l as Captain Caro of the “ Vengeance.

” On the

2 oth of A ugust . of? Rochefort, the Brit ish frigate C lyde,” 38,Capta in Charles Cunn ingham,

descried two strange sai l , and immediately chased them : each vessel took a separate track, but theClyde selecting the b iggest , crowded all sai l in pursu it, and foundher to be the French frigate the

“ Vestale,”38, Captain Gaspard,

who hoisted the tricolour, and gave the C lyde a broadside—b uwarm engagemen t ensued, during wh ich the Vestale made severalski lfu l manoeuvres to near her adversary ; the fight con t inued fornearly tw o hours

,when the French frigate being much wounded in

her hu l l , masts, and rigging, hau led down her flag. On the 2 5th, of?

Surinam, the Brit ish frigate Tamar,” 38, Captain T . Western,dis

covered and gave chase to the French corvet te Répub licaine,” 2 8,Capta in P ierre Lo Bosee

,but the latter got away into shoal water,

where Capta in Western cou ld not fol low her ; nex t morn ing, however,the Tamar ”

sighted her again at a d istance, bu t ow ing to the ex

co l len t sai l ing of the French sh ip, it took the Tamar t i l l half-pastfive in the atternoon to get up w ith her. A n an imated fight thenensued for abou t ten minu tes

,when the corvette struck her co lours.

On the 15th of October, near Cape F in isterre, the British frigate theNaiad ,

”38, Captain W . Pierrepoin t, discovered and chased two

Span ish frigates, the “ Santa Brigida,” 34 , Captain Don A n ton io

P i l lon , and the Thetis,

”38, Captain Don Juan de Mendoza, w ith a

cargo of specie from Vera Cruz. Regard less of the apparent oddsagainst her the Naiad gave chase, and nex t day d iscovered a

large sh ip in the ofiing , wh ich proved to be the Brit ish frigateEthalion

,38, Captain J . Y oung,who bearing up joined in the chase,

and short ly afterwards the Bri tish frigates “ A lcmene, 32 , CaptainHen ry Digby, and the Triton ,

” 32 , Captain James Gore, also madetheir appearance. On seeing the odds thus increasing against them,

the Span ish frigates separated , and Capta in Pierrepoint, as senioroflicer, s ignal led to the Ethalion to fol low the Thet is

,

”wh ich, in

consequence of her good sai l ing, so gained upon her, that after a

broadside and an hour’s con test she struck her colours to CaptainY oung. The Triton fol low ing after San ta Brigida,

”ran

close to the rocks off Monte Lora and struck upon them. The

Alcmene”and Naiad took up the chase, and the Triton soon

get t ing afloat, all three British frigates closed w i th the SantaBrig ida amidst the rocks of Commarurto, and after a brave resistance an d a most sk i lfu l effort to escape Captain P i l lon hau led downhis colours. The Thetis had on board her above a million and

a quarter of dol lars, worth more than The cargo on board

the San ta Brig ida ”consisted of ind igo, cochineal, and sugar, to

the value of so that the fortunate capta ins of each of the

capturing frigates received for their share of the prize-money morethan each . But such tempting windfalls d id not alwaysreward the risk incurred. On the 2 oth of October, off Cape Ortega],theBrit ish frigate Cerberus,” 32 , Captain J .Macnamara, discovered

a Spanish fieet to w iudwat-d in couvoy of five fi-igam UM

hy such

approach ing the frigate that was then most aha d aad m m v hat

detaclied from ha w usorm eommeneed an act ion at snch ch

quarters that the two shipa almoat wuched each other. A fier em

if “ bu

m hm ’ the“

ma takmg

n

pomh‘d

ofants t was preveu

near approach ol'

the four other fi'igatea. The “ 06 1 5011 0 3 “

h is escape. Ou the lb th of November, near Poflomeo, tho Briu-h

diately made

direction in which the body of the couvoy lay, he bon up in tha“ Crescent

" within random shot of the (it -

gun ship and frigate: buttheae ah ipa ering in their courae towarda the w a n n a ”Lob b sigudmt

'

to dn pcn s.

“ Galgo”and captured her, which brought back me “ Ash ” afl

“ Aulic-its”to aave their companion ; but Captain hob h carried“

hia prize to w indward, wh ilc the “ Cal pso”led ofi a part of the

eonmy to leeward. Tbe Spauiard ntter y ooo fused aud undem h dhow to aeg let the whole escape, which in lm than aflafterwards were all at auehor iu ort Royal. Ou the 2 4 th of flmofl

'

. the Malacca , the“ Orpha n .

"82 . Captain William Ra

fiM and ehm d two sail, a'b ich proved w he thaDutc ast

Chunpany’s sh ips "Zeelast

"and “ Zaevragh t,

”

gum md ladan w ith military awn s. When the

M ob they fell upon her ou eaeh how , hu t at leugth ahe mcna w opw her fim q mu the twq aud in a

compelled them both to surrender.

boarded and brought off the ship and one of the sehooners

er two were scu tt led by the co lon ists. On the 9 th of June

ill friga te Success,

”32 , Captain Shuldham Peard

,chased

l polacca into harbour, and the captain seeing no land

to protec t them, detached three of the frigate’s boats, under

w ad of Lieu tenan t Facey, to endeavour to bring out the

was found to mou n t ten guns (8 and 8'pounders). and1 13 men , and there soon appeared a fie ld battery and

I at smal l arms march ing down to the shore nevertheless,cey gallan tly carried the vessel

,he h imself being the

the enemy’s deck

, and successfully brought her out ;mid and well-conducted en terprise cost the l ives of four[ eigh t wounded. On the 9 th o f A ugust the Bri tish brigsedy,

”14, Captain Jah leelBrenton, and the Defender,

”14 ,

privateer of G ibral tar, gave chase to three armed vessels

}0 for shelter into a small sandy bay to the eastward o

iata— there they moored themselves in a line with in a bou ’s

the beach . The

of an hour’s caun

to their boats.

mght off the one

an on shore and were scutt led. A light squadron underr'rank Sotheron, off th e coabt of Holland, bad, on the llth

t, succeeded in recapturing the Bri tish gun-brig“ Crash ,

”

ling so sen t in some hos ts, the commander of wh ich saw an

ty of cu t t ing ou t an armed schooner, that could not beapproached b ut on the approach of the hosts the schooneralf on shore. The nex t day the “ Crash ”

was fitted out,is boats and launches of the squadron, under t he orders of

its James S lade and Samba?Hotnphreys, proceeded to

other Dutch schooner, the engeance,”8, moored under

on the islan d of Schiermouiltoog, and grounded w ithin1 shot of th e ba ttery , from which the boate’ crews soon drove

Idel‘s and sp iked the guns, when the crew abandoned thetooner and set her on fire. Lieutenan t Humphreys in the'tried to spring on board of her, but the tide was so

could not effe ct it ; and it was fortunate for himself he haddo so

,for scarcely had he returned to his own boat, when

Jgeance ex ploded and was b lown to sh ims.year 1797 the crew of the Bri tish frigate Hermione,

”

tin Hugh Pigot, disgusted With the tyrannous conduct Ofa in , had risen upon h im and the ofi cm in the night i nd

l them all,cu tting and mang ling their victims in the most

l barbarous manner. They then carried the frigate into Laind sold i t to the Spanish governor. In September thisIligence reached the Bri tish A dmiral that the Hermione ”

terto Cabe llo,and ab out to sail to Havannah j he forthwith

British frigate Surprise,” 2 8, Captain Edward Hami l ton,ed ofl

'

tha t port and endeavour m intercept her in hu

Capta in Hami lton rema ined three weeks in obsefl ation cf

WAR IN EGY PT.

seeding gave rise to important results that are scarcely yet settled,concerning therightsof belligereutsagainst neu tralson the h igh seas

59 . War. i n Eorrr—Arru ss AT Santan a, DAMIETTA, AND ELAntscn .

GeneralKleber, to whom the army was committed on the sudden

departure of Bonaparte, was not very well pleased at the manner inwhich he had been deserted by the General

- in-Chief, and the principal generals of the exped i t ion. H is displeasure was not d imin ished

the known an imosity he personally entertained for Bonaparte.ogether w ith the p iece olicielta, notify ing h is recall by order of theDirectoryy, he addressed a short letter to Kleber stating that he hadis“ the army in Egypt, is gouvernement m

’ayant appelé supres do

lui,”and enclosing a valed ictory proclamation to the army not men

tioning that fact. The General, however, wrote a very long dispatchfrom A lexandria, dated the day before h is departure. Th is last is avery curious document, as exemplifying the peculiar character of

Napoleon it is do omnibus rebate, relat ing to his private baggage andpublic affairs, to poli tics as wel l as war, more especially enforcingthe retent ion of Egypt as important to France, because l

’Empire

Turc tombs en ruines de tous cdtés,”and also because the Black Sea

would be valuable to French commerce. He l ikewise ordered h is successor to play off the Christiansagainst the Turks, afiu de l

’empécher

lo uns d ’etre trop insolens et que is fanatisme des autres nous les

u ndo it irréconciliables ennemis.” He gave directions about themanufacture of arms and powder, and the fortifications to beerected,and also that a certa in number of Mamelukes or Arabs should beseized at Cairo and sent to France, to see there ls grandeur de lanation, at prendre une ides de nos mcsurs st notre langue pour noustan ner it t do partisans en Egypte ; and

,lastly, he says,

“ J’avons

dljh deutendeune troupe de comedians et je prendrai un soin partieulier d

’en envoyer. Cet art icle est important pour l’armée et pour

commencer achanger leammurs dc pays.”That the theati c is almost a national institution among the French

peop le.and that t heir army,more than any otherrace ofmen, requirethat particu lar excitemen t to amuse and keep them docile and obs.

dient,may be admitted , but it is amusing that when the French twitthe Bri t ish w i th being morne et splénique,

” because they do not rere the same at tentions to be provided for them by their governors,uy should not allow them credit for their other occupations. Thecfi cers of the British army do not send for a second rate troop ofstro l l ing players for theiramusement in their cantonments. If lions,tigers, bea t s, or wolves, were ever heard of in the neighbourhood,every man who can be spared, from the colonel to the youngestensign , wi l l go in search of them. If foxes or hares abound, a packdogs will be organized and hunting set afoot, or horse races wi ll

b e estab lished, and, if a river is near, then boat-races or swmatches in short, every kind of athletic pursuit is N epemweh

l

ify1 James.

w as m 1mm .

adopted by Englishmen according to the taste and Easy of indiv idulhin their cantonments. If these fa il, the quarterswill be u nhelliru

l,and rendered as comfortable as if they were to be occupied “

dences lor ever ; ch imneys bu ilt , and, probably , a great du l ol'

winsdrunk 1n the socialcircles around them. The French , howw er,earryoff the palm in the flirting and the dance, the bold Brito bah; a

great deal more rough and ready in h is attentions

mto the h ir a :

than h is Gallic opponents, who are gala stmmBu t Bonaparte had w ell foreseen that soldiers would u ghamusemen t-1 to divert their minds, and turn away their w h i ntion at h is departure. Regrets, no t unmixed w i th indignation “thus abandoned by the ch ief who concen trated all their hopsuccess in their ex ile, were un iversal both among emesu and an ,“the w onderful elasticity of though t w h ich prevails witha characterist ic that makes them always see some covert Illa - latta in ing a w ished-for result 1n every measure they do not fully “

prehend . came to their aid.

“ ll va sauver la patrie ; il tel-t ule monstre de l

’anarchie, et devenu d’

autant plus puiul nt qu ’ilal lrendu des serv ices pluseminens, i i se souviendra des hravu et 5“soldats qu '

il a laissés en Egypte, et mettra sa gloire 1 consolidu'fi

conquétc qu i est le resultat de see hau tes conceptions.

”

Kleber, as soon as he f ound that Bonaparte had sailed away w“out see i ng h im (though he h ad repaired to Rosetta wi th that ex,object), now returned to (airo , and added all the ence hcould ren ler to the turn of thought among the soldiers wh hu hdescribed abo ve

,by now issuing a proclamation to the army” an "it that the General, by h is departure, “

r’agin ait dc (ear b ias-i t s.

He,how ever, w as seriously disturbed when his mind was din eh l .

the duties of the desk (a task much more onerous in the can“of armies than young officers are w ont to consider), and found t“there was di~organ iza tion all around h im, and that themilitary “was not only exhausted, bu t immensely overdrawn . The fall of TimSah ib and the recapture of Malta by the British, which soon emto h is know ledge , added great ly to the hopeless isolation ofhu pd th

and he addressed a letter to the Directory, 1n themon th of Sept“couched ln terms w hich perhaps he w ould not have employed ifcould ha1 e ant icipated that General Bonaparte himself was zauthority he addressed. To di-sipate his anx ieties he put 1‘flsold ier for the Vicer ov and assumed so vereign state. He was “

back by tw o Egypt ian s oldiers. carrying the

h is bridle . and one at h is stirrup. He w

striking the ground as they pas~ed w ith

B ehold the Sultan Comn 1ander- in-Chief l

yoursch es before h im !” These made the

day however was suddenly changed. The ground on wh ich theystood was a narrow strip of land hounded by t he N ile, the andthe Lake Mcou ioh. The French new scnt against theTurkg w

6 0 111 impv were scattered along the“m ind a few hund

on and at some moment opened the guns from Fort Leshchspan la a moment they were all in confusion.and the British

w as 1111s to assist thsm from the en ds or from their boats, tramtits impossibility of pointing rim of the Torin in tho o n

‘lés. The

Pu nch also opened th e upon the boots, and the son was presentlycon t-sci w ith turbsua. The Turks now only tho ht cl

’

n ib“

800 mm taken prisoners.w ith ths lieutenant uro

ggn oi the

t ty-W o colours.a nd ti re guns.

's letter to Kicbcr had instructud him to open tic

ticu w th the authorities of the Sublime Ports in Egypt for 11 ans.

pard on oi'

cmsnd as soon as be attained supremo o ur in Francsmade dirsct overtures to Constant plc. Short

lyl“

Emmo dule“ of the Turks at Damic tta.S ir Sidney Smith conveyto the commanding French General in Egypt the reply of ths Sublims Porto to those proposals, which was in effec t that no nsgo tiaticnscald bs entered upon sscspt in concert w ith En land and Russia.

Sir Sidney sty isd h imself in th is ist tsr “ Minister lon ipotsntisry of

Bis Britannia MsJssty to the Sub lime Porto."and Klshsr chose to

understand this cirmmnniostion as an uii'

cr on his part to receives. and accordingly addressed hima letter on tho 30th, b

c snersl ldcrnnd offering to send General Desaix. sn t1i hsAdmh1istrstor to meet tho Turkish Victor, orwhoever ha 111 ht sp oint to 11egotists the evacuation of Egypt.Mou nd M um 10 0s on the

w61h of December with tho reply

that fiir S idn ready to N ev in : tho plunlpotsntisriss on hoard

the British si 9, the“

gar,"at Alesslidria. Owing to circum

stances the two French cimnnissionsrs did not ranch the sh i till

the 81st of Dsccmhsr, soon after which a heavy gain of wind li’

rovc

the n asal out to sea, and the negot iation got into 11 ssdmoss iIn the ma n wh ilo Kleber schslonnsd his

lt m a new aw cmpacimen tmths eqnipmm t of a wwto assoeiatc n ith the belligsrentsa commission oflesrned men , as had '

been done with the army of Egypt. Th is was an idea of Napoleonhimself, who concei ved the no tion of jo

'

men distinguished inscience and art with the march of his army, t their lab-on" mightm ke lmown s land. the very name of wh ich is never pro nouncedw ithou t exciting grand recollect ions The names of the most illustrious were associated w ith this en terprise. Mange.Bertltoliet. Fosrier, Dolomieu, and Bacon, aecom iod the ex tion , as did alesDesgsnettes, Larrey, andBoboie.m“ Savans cont inued to holda

prominen t place in Bonaparte’s mind to the last, so that in h is lot”

to Kleber he recommends them to h is can . Thou indeed it wes ano velty to endea vour to render war s handmsi to the m andsciences, yet i t cannot be ssid thet the learned commission show

named have done much to advance either. a Ia n -sh am“

military

surgeon of the army, has indeed published some valnahh itsterms on on the clima te and seasons of Egypt, wh ich hadexceedin iy injurious in their ch

'

aeto on both the Preach and Marmies 11510 made the campaigns of Egypt. From the nat ure of the

prevalent soil, and the aridity of the desert, the heat is mesh moremtense there than in any o ther coun try under the some parallel ; tbsntn iosphere is inflamed by n scorch ing sun and a cloudless sky's“is sin-charged w ith a fine impalpable sand, that is most injures. “

the eyes and the respirato ry organa of men , and when the aimblows the air seems altogether to lose its property ol

'

snmm‘0pt and blindness aremost prevalen t even among thebut it may well be believed how fatally these must have fi llet!a soldicry, a class ncver of most caretnl or prorident hab i ts. d

Ths u melmby n natnral instincg bnry thcir noses hflhe I ndkeep them there till the sqnall is ov cr ; tt edouins thmselves down flat and cover their nose andmcnth till the dram a

blast be passed ; b nt mcny of the soldier-s sank mdec thsvisi tation. snd msny rv turncd home i theirm iand witb adisease that is not cven yet extinct in onr

‘

tsls.

Y et thcre was somcthing worthy ol the d one born to hea

Boutiensa.

and itamo iant habits cawell known to this gmwration ao any portioncl tho civ ilised world.

00. Was "a lunu—Dnoonnu n n uqvlw ao n o alum n a a:

(h ist ori ca l .

Altar tha do flora of Gm ral llarrio from Sw ingapctam. with ala p part ia l o the form rooun tly employ“ ht the war with Tlptho command in bly-ore rented abaolutoly wlth Colonel them.

Arthur Walla-lg

. who catahlllhcd h ia hu doquartcra in than light

and cl palace the Ow l“ Ban h at Boringapatam. Tho clan-actor0! thin lluatrlooamun no on fi lm nlatratn t' wu on ly distingulahod in

bl ooudoot at thla juooturu. En try thing wua demo to gratify thoW and cannula“ the projmlicoa of tho vanquilhod ; and w on 5

hall w i thin tho Sultann'o p lace. which waa painted to commemorate

tlw M at 0 ! the Brith h, under Colon-pl Baillie. infully rooalllngthe alw ghtor of tho lmwoat hand that ovm'

pot ahod lmwath th

uwmmw y am doncy of tho deooaau l tyrant. waa w apw tod by tho’

Brltloh Gammon Sovm lpriaooora were found in tho dungeom of

tho Sultana l brother of hln own amon the number). wlm were all

“hun ted w out loqolry. Ono of Stu onptlm waa Dhoondn

Wahy. oommooly hnuwu u Dhoomlluh Waugh, who had bu n

ly a Mohoowr. hut who had wou n d the m rico of Hydur,ha had «im md at hil (loath but had afterwardo liahnuoci to

tho talc. promiaaa ol'

Tippoo , aod returned to b ill w rv ioo. Ho had

him. to gratify tho pioua mm‘of tho Soltaum, converted to tho Malia n-tau faith. but aubu quan mapeotocl. ho riaoood. and loft to

”wit h ln iroha.waa now ohalno to tho wallof h duo n. Thiamanon his libm uoo instantlyfled fromSarluga tam,nor Idhlaliberatora

m much 00 to hla tllght. to one which thin alngohu'

mm m in of h o lib-My waa aooo to author around him tho many

"all “. like himaoll, which, in tho dlohondod urmy of Tippoo , wow of

numoroun. Activo and h oldflml w ith a mhbor ampu tation

a,

M in Bloom hlawry to tho foundation of a throne). ha co llomwda (m o a id to havem ounted to men.a nomltdio hoat of all

n ew , w ith which ho want northward. commi tting w t “ w an t ,

and proclaiming h imw ll’

lo the pompoon language of tho Ran t. K ing0! the World. B an lolluanoo which lt la no t m y to undm tand a

“ all a mo pu vallod upon aomo of the killedara to hum ythvh ' tmsta to (w ood ln thla way aomo Mooipal fortrnaau cameiota Ma hands. 11» ou t fall upon the rich diatvlota orBodnoro or

m wlwra he am tad heavy contribution-i from th nati vea, and

than om tlona with tho moat nominating oruoltloo. To

M Ma W a light corp. of cavalry and native infantry. undo?tho command of Colom l Dah'ymtth'.mo vedm (All in with mm. 2 60 of them homlitti.

m u m m om or tan tru m .

u ry and acmc cthciant . lt wao lirnt intrcducod by tbc I-impcrorMaximi lian inmum an thoro wan at that pcrlod no standing army,it Ml into diannc un til lilill, when it was ro vivod by the EmperorM anand i i ” who cx tondcd tho aphcro of i ta'dutiao from tho than»

victttauing ni’

fort ress»: and armies to the supreme dirvoc tinn o i”

allmili tary operations. Under Charles V i . and Moria Thorcala the

M a o! the council were again cx tcudrd. and soon emhracrd to

W mthat it becamemuch too complicated for the adoh of an army in the field. union tho commondin General

wa alao President of tho Aulic War Council. Although theoryit aounda pcrh ct to havc a board nf cxpcricnccd old ncrala to

guide the young leaders o! armies, noth in could havc cent moretatal than it has ou r proved in practice. T o ach cmc of n campaignm laid down or altorcd to ouch a dograe an to be who lly diao

M od, for it la manifestly ltnpuoaiblc ior the ab lcat man to framew a s f or cm y contin y at a dis tance ; nor can action and ro

aponaihili t be bcnoliclalmlciv idcd hc twccn any two authorities on thomuc in. whcn ocparatcd by dcgrcoa of iongitnda. i n tho

Y can ’ War the Aulic Cotntcil disgraced Marshal Lo ndon fortaking Schwcidnita. and it was not t ill after tho death of tho Etn

peror Francis that he was nguin cnilod into public no tice. and ad

witted by Joseph ll. into the Aulic War Council at hia acct -aimfi t the wars of the Revolution the Aulic Council acnt tho ArchdukeCharles into Bohemia, in a sort of honourahlc obscurity, althoughin was the»on l imperial Generalwho had ahowu himaol! aqual to“ mood with l French armies . Hits Imperial H ightwna wna pro

babiy too high in station to be patiently contro llod by a cab in“

d ‘old wmncn.

’nnd tna not have been obodicnt ; ho was uccnrd

hm lu id aaidc until onapartc haul ncnrly ltuocltcd tw icc at tho

p m at tho capital, when in theircmcrgcncy they an ad to thoof that illustrious princo und distingulahcd ao dicr.

lt haa been stated that the electric telegraph did almoat asmuchmlaehic! to both tho allied Gouarala in tho Crimea na thc AulicCouncli had dent in the dayn of tho Gan non Em iru. But as it la

always m y to cut the wins, a rm luto cm may readilyan in troni vo minister at defiance,and by lim iting up all communica»tion botwocn h imself and h ia homo unporicra, oppoao tho omnny hiaown way, wh ich , upon tho whole, will be alwaya found to b. bu t for

tho intrm ta of a'

oouutry at war in a dictant land.

09. Hum or Mauotn or Ba t man, Wonamni,aao Anvw zt.

Flaw -Maintai ns or run Eartha.

Johan Pctc m n Baautmu m a natin o! Brahant.and horn

at Nalnur in im. Ho entered the urmy at aishtu n gem of os-g

al dm cd on tho -tail of Field-Marni“ ) Dunn i ll tho van Y umWar wlth m h diatlncntnn an to obtain in l760 tho era» of Mariafl ora-la. i n tho long pcaoc that followed the Pcaoc o! lluhcrtcbnrgha w tuead much taato for amhiu cmrg and m otnployt d in thc

m om of the ltnparial poli o“ ; and in ”68 waa appoltttod to

tha gon rm nt ci’

hdalinco. Ha waa nt thia poat at tha ’oriod ol tho

insurrscticns in the Netherlands in 1789 , which he emceedsd il

fitt ing down w ith great judgment and hmvcry. For thesem icawas pru noted to be Fiem-Mm hdM omnw u and received a

higher step in the order. The war of the French Revolutio nWhim into stillmore eminen t not ice. 10 1792 he headed a charge athose-am end took five guns from the French at dos varyValenciennes. in"93 he held h igh commands undttr Princelobe and the Prince of Co bourg. i n May. 1794. he gained an advan

w ith the French near Ad aman t] drove thtuback w ith the Ion of six guns. [n 1795 he served M Q.“

m

9.

muster~Gencral in Ciairfait’s army. and in 1796 was en trusted x tththe command of the imperial army in I taly . A t the age of am

tone he had to encounter the greatest military genius of thea“the pritm of youth and activity, and was utterly defeated by

parte at Montenot te, Milosaimo, Lodz, & c. . and altogether driven out

of I tal into the Tyrol. He w isely saw it was nowmoo for hin ts

retire m h igh command.and he sough t tee in h is coo n

near Lina. where he peacefully ended his ya in at Wof ninety

‘i'

our years. i t maybe wondered at that afirer a m 'iu oi n

many dtscomfitures and tria s he should have attained to so p u tan age ; but he was of a singularly calm and atoiea i disposition.somuch so that w hen his house was attacked by the Flemish inn it” .

in "mand his adopted and unly scn was strnclt dow by s hail inthe defence of the voluable works of art which were in his ro ldeamhe turned round to h is followers and said,

“ My friends. th is ismtime for tears ; we must conquer.

" i t was his tats to do“household gods a second time in the subsequent operat ions of illwar in l8l2 - i 8. He was of a family who had freely shed theirfor the house of Austria . and his three brothers fell on the tleldhonour at Breslau, Hochlt ircb . and in the war of ”82 .

,croes of the order for th is suecess. He was at th is t ime removedtrou t c ommsnd and recailed to the service of the nrmy at Vienna.and he did not again resume the command oi the arnty ol

’

the Rhinetill August. i 796. when Prussia hnd w ithdrawn (mm the A llimce.The armiemof Clairiait sud Wurmsrr now united, and recoveredMa nnheim. and clon ed Msymce and the Vosges of the present.of the enem Wurmser wee then promoted to the rank of Field»

Marshal. sent in Beouiieu’s piece to command the imperialarmin Italy. But though at this period hi ll of honour, he was also (it iof years. ihr he was seventy -two years old. and all h is so uired

W before the an

gular genius of Bonaparte . Alter

‘

ioeingof Cnstiglhme. nato, Revered and Bassatm, he was

shu t up in Man tus with all the remains of ism y. Here.hemever he endured w ith wonderfttl resolution the privatimts of itbiociiade. and did not surrender till every menus of subsistence

H ailed. He was sent homew ith generous honours bytheEmperor. to render the veteran j

‘ustice (or all he

h is cause. ve him the command 0 Hungary ; bu this health soon be

geu to let and he died in the summer of the some

at V ienna. Iis reputation for it hold and sitillul lender has not

entirely obscured by themisfortunes of h is latest career.and he

is regarded as one of those generals who have risked the loss of a" ileum-tied renown hy refusin ing too long in the saddle.

Joseph Baron von A t vmzt was it na tive of 'l‘rm ylmnhmnd bornat Alvin : in 1736. He entered the im rial service in the re mentof Giuhty. in which he became Captain:and in the Seven enra

’

War distinguished himself, at the head of the grenadin e.nt Torgauis u se. and at the capture of Schweidnitz. A t the 0 he was

m e

et! on the stall to promote the introduction of t a new field

of Gooeral Lacey. In the war of the Bavarian Successionhe served as Colonel. and at Iinbeisehwert tonit the Prince of HomePit-WM W e tter in the eight of the Emperor Joaeph, who namedhim on the field Major-General and at h im the ew es of MariaThar-sis. lie so uen tly appointed to to he the war-instrnntor ofhis nephsw, a the Etu

‘peror Francis. He served a sin midsr

limyhai Landon in the Turkic : war. He made Flo -Marshal.li eutenant in I7OO, and given a command in Belgium.which he was

ton ed to resign in coa nence of the injuries he received h a {all

b um hie horne. In 1792 and I79li be wna howm r again in t oo fieldis me command of a div ision. and behaved with great hrs at the

bat tle of Neerwiltdrn. {or which he received the commander cross

making priaoa at sea, including the valuable Dutch convoy of?

Lisbon , when he captured eigh teen or twen ty vessels. On the 2 8thofMay he came in sight ol the British fleet under Lord Howe.andabout six in the aftemoon came to blows wi th it, at the earnest

Vice-Admiral Villaret missed a line opportunity of benefi ting h is

country by capturing wi th his fleet of twelve 74's, and fourteen or

“ tea : frigates. the small squadron of five line of bottle sh ips and

taro Mgatea commanded by AdmiralCornwallis, oll'Ushant.whom he

at one time completely surrounded. but whoh m him hy a moet coou geous conflict andtarot then made sail to rotum to Brest hat-boun 'when on the 2 3rd“ done he was encountered by the British fleet under Lord Bridport,who. wh ilo etl

‘

the Isle de Groaia, w ith seventeen sail ol'

the line. ih ~

eight three-desiccant.came to action with the French squadron0! vs sail. having only one three-decker. V illaret on seeing the

dh pafi ty oalled a oouneil nf admirals, who advised him to run with

the tide into the Port L’Orient. which he did successfullyflodn

gM om mm d hh lh e ol battle sh ips xbut tho French say,“

Lard lh idpm an it bien maoa um il am lt pu eu prendre toos noe

M m b fi m pfi h l h eote.” lu the year t is old

royalist foelinp got him in to trm big and on them W idow “had to By h is coun try. In 1801 he wag howevet ,

We

st

on

« M bythe Cmm llar go'emment to hoiet his flagw d to eommand a emnlfined Fm eh and panh h M in Mw hh AdinN Gn ving of fiiwen u flof the hng conm m u ngnnder Genet-al la elerc for the nest ol Sh Domingo. e do net

hear d! Villaret agaiagain un til we an h im in iso9 Captain-Genomi c!tho FN neh Q ribhean ialandg wheu hesnm ndered thsmw the Wafter an hononrsbie reeiatanee. The Admiraldied in l8l2 , at the agsol sixty two yean .

Bsomx oa nsrswas a native ol’

Langmdog and bom st ile.in l163. Re entered the h

‘reneh mnrine at an early agx w dm ed

in fom or five gmeral w oonn ters when in the fleet of the wdo

of

Bay. Here they lay st aud iot until Nelson arri ved and sutpth ibinn wjth the British fleet in the al

’ternoon of ths lst of A

Admiral Brueys though t that his oppommt would not nttaohmm ing ofl

'

n ed a hetm ehanoe to h im ot'

avoiding the ahnais d thn

and dhwetiom of the Genet-sh im .

m om or m noon ru n ny .

66 . Mum s? Mu ms or run Fan n y or Hoop , Anuuu t s or

G nmr Bant am.

The family of Hood appears to merit a distinction above the manythA t have immortalized the annals of the British navy, in that, in

addition to the honours oi k nighthood. and great wealth gained in

the service, they have acq uired five paten ts of the Peerage, and it»elude five heroes, all of whose names dm m admission in to everynaval bio graphy, thedescendan ts in two generations from one common

grandfather, a small squire oi'

Dorseteh ire. The present Lord Bridrt not only comb ines the heredi tary distinctions of the name of

good. b u t by intermarri un ites to h is descendan ts the h igher

13mm of being the 1 male representative of the illustrious

shes.

Alexander Hood.squ ire ofMosterton , had twO sons, AlexanderandSamuel, {mm the eldest of whom descended three children , all of

them officers of the Navy, and from the second sprung two who were

ofi cers, and both British peers for their services. The first of

these was permitted but a short career in life in wh ich to dis

tingu iah himself in the serv ice. He was Lieutenant R.N ., but was

lost in the “ Pomona " line of battle sh ip, in a hurricane in the

Caribbean Sea, in l77h . The second circumnav iga ted the globewith Captain Cook, and pos ed w ith credi t through the subordinateranks o i

’

the serv ice, bu t was killed in action in 1799 on board the '

“ Mars,” 74 . wi th 74, wh ich latter Fren ch line of

battle ship he captured. H is descendant has inherited the Baronelcyw i

zard upon h is uncle, and is in remaiuder w the Barony of his

cons

The late distin ished Vice-Admiral, Sir Samuel Hood. was theyoungest son of second squire, Alexander, above mentioned. He

sca red the navy at the age of tout-Wen, on board the Courageux,"than w ou nded by h is relative, Captain flood. In 1798 he undated

in the u pturn o f the Pallas and Lecoi us,

”and shared in the M

mot-ab le engagemen t between Admirals éeppel and D’Urv illiers in

l778. Afterwards he was promo ted to the rank of Master and Com.

mandcr.and pointed to the Renard sloop of war. in which he was

present at “gu y’s glorious action pi“

the 1 2 th of April. 1782 . ile

was ven the command of the “ Juno ” in 1790, and ordered to the

station. Here, in a v iolen t hurricane, three of his men fellovarbmrd,and he had the satisfac tion of sav ing them by h is intrepidityand co i lh iecs from s watery grave. Observ ing a hesitation amongtheir comrades to brave the danger, he himself jumped in to the

bu t ahmgsids and rowed to the m cue, sayiug.“ i never gave an

on l” to a sailor in my life wh ich 1 was no t ready to underta ke and

m eets myself." He was at Toulon in 1798. and narrowly escaped

ing h is way through an unknown navigation laid himself alongside

the “ Bonn ier,"and ca tured her in twelve minutes ! In moo be

was appointed to the enerablc,"74, and bore a

in the indecisive actions pm A ziras. 1

h A dmiral, and had the command t the Leeward S tation , and in

1806, w ith a squadron of seven mil of the line, foil in with an

enemy's squadron oh

'

Rochefort and captured live frigates. [n this

action he lost his righ t arm. He afterwards served at Co

genhagm

and in command of the fleet in t he East ladies. li e was onoursdw ith a Baronetcy and a pension, and on the ex tension of tho order olthe Bath became K.C.B. He died in 181 4 w ithout issue.

SamuelHood, the second son of the Reverend Samuel, the youngestof the two sons of the first squire, was born in 1794, and entered themarine service in 1740. He wen t through the subordinate ranks of

navy until in 1759, when captain in command of the Vestal,”

he engaged and ca tored the French h i to Belloua ”aft-(r s

t of four hours. e became Rear-Adm in 1780. and raisedling in the Barfleur,

"80, on the West India station. Here in

January, 1782 , he was in command of twenty-eigh t sail of the hasof?the island of St . Christopher, w hen De Grasse

’s flee t of twenty

eigh t sa il came out of port, and Hood, w ith singular admin “ ,

threw the e nemy’s fleet to w indward, and ran in to their anewwith all his sh ips. The mort ified French Admiral tried everymeansto lure him out , and three times furiously attacked him,

b ut be rs

siated cVery at tempt of the Count dc Grease, and con vinced theFrench fleet a heavy casualty. Hood commanded the van di visiu

of Rodrwy‘s fleet in his glorious v ictory over the same lim obM

min d on the 1 2 th of April. On th is occasion he was created BalmHood of the K ingdom of Ireland. In 1798cornmand of the

mMedi terranean flee t, and

tiation w ith e inhabitan ts, to ob tain possesstan'

ofmof Toulo n. He immediately garriso ned the forti

British , N eapolitan, and Spanish troops, who endured athe republican army of some con tinuance but he was at

eembcr. forced to abandon the pm but out t illafter hee igh teen ships at

”

the l ac, ni ne frigates, and sieves out»d ut terly burned the arsenal. Lord i h

to attack the island of Corsica, of wh ich he

1794. He was for these serv ices forthto the ti tle of V iscount of the United K

en tertained of his energy and talen ts, that full and ample powersand an unlimited reliance on both was placed by the government.A lexander Hood, his younger brother, was born in 172 7, and was

sent to sea at an early age in 1746 so rapid was h is promotion that

he was a Post min in 1766, and in command of the “ Prin ceGeorge .

" In the ollowing year, in command of the Antelope,” hewas so fortunate as to capture the Aquilon ,” 48, after a runn ing ligh tof two hours. In 1761 , when in command of the “ Min erva,

” 33,he recaptured the old British sh ip, the Warwick,

" 60, then armeda after a sharply contested act ion of six hours and a half. In

I so he became Rear-Admiral, and in 1782 had it divisionalcontnu nd in Lord Rowe‘s fleet that relievedG ibraltar, when he receivedfor h is conduct the order of the Bath . In the glorious victory of

the 1st of June. 1794, he bore a distinguished part : the “ RoyalGeor

ge,

"on which h is flag was hoisted, was in the ho ttest of the fire.

For is distinguished share in th is victory he was createdPost by the ti tle of Lord Bridport, and m the following year suceroded Lord 1101 70 in the command of the Channel fleet. On th is

occasion he defeated the French fleet under AdmiralV illaret-Joyeuseoa t hs island of Groaix . and took from him three line of battle ships.

fi t this exploit he became a Peer o f Great Britain. His conduct in

the unhappy mut iny of the fleet in 1797 gained him very great credit

fi t the prudence, courage, and resolution that he displayedin bringingthe mistaken sailors to their duty. He con tinued in the command of

thaChnnnelfleet, with credit to the service and h onourm'h imself,till he retired in 1801 , when he was elevated to the d

ign i ty of a

British V iscoun t. He died in 18 14, in the.87th his age.

lame, when his ti tles descended, according to the 1itn itetion

g on a yonnger son of Lord Hood.

[ 1 statement of the distingu ished services of th e H ood familyshould n ot nppear to justify their being selected from O ther naval

flames (or 0 place of pro-eminence, the follow ing recapitulution of

the work done by the differen t membersof it, willJustify their elevetien in these Annals" almost shove Rooks, Ben bow, Byng, Vernon,M oon , Haw/lie, Boscswen , Rodney , Howe, Jervis, Dunner), and even

Nelson, all taken together.

List of Sh ips captured by the Hoods, and the fleets under themcommand, 1782 —1800.

l ship of “ guns.

7 9,

0 0 O 0 0 0 0 9 n

the Toulon fleet 83

o o o s s o 4

Malling in 511 “ shipssnd2 188 guns.

I know of the floods deeds

six tecu ot‘

in ths

of transports near the Channel Islands. A fter many daring exploitsu pon the high seas S ir S idney in his frigate, w ith s brig and n logger,hearing thnt a con voy ol

'

ten sailwere in the li ttle port of He ni ,near Cape Frehe l, proceeded to assault and storm the batteries st

eted,them

, and having succeeded in this.moved forward andti ed all but one lugger, that escaped after it hrave resistance.

These energetic actions gained h im the attachment of his sailorsand the terror of h is adversaries : but unfortunately when utl

‘

lltwrede Grace in 1796 he resolved on capturing with his hos ts a Frenchlogger privateer, and contrary t ocustom wen t h imself in command ofthe attack, when , after a first sneca s, he could not by themeet 0 ! Astrong tide back to h is sh ip i n the oili ng, and was taltcn w ith

tw o of is brave m ociates. He was sen t to Paris, and treated

greet injust ice and ind ign ity. He was committed close prisonerto the Abba e, and detained in rigorous confinemen t. A lter two

you ! of and close imprisonment S ir S idney managed to

escape in the fo llow ing ingenious manner. He had already madeone at tempt throu h the means of the wife of an emigran t , whichwas discovered

, andhe was consequently confined w ith more ri our

than ever. Some friends however contrived to procure for aim,

under the plea of better security. an order for h is transference fromthe Abbeys to the Temple, and by means of a bribe the real stain

of the m lof the Minister of the i nterior was obtained and alilx

to some fict i tious orders, when the friends of the Commodore en

plied w ith these. nnd disgu ised in n manner to lull to sleep even e

most cautious of jailors, g ot h im clear otl’ in company w i th Philippenmt . an engineer officer, who afterwards served w ith h imengineer at Acre. He lost no time in hurry ing to Ro tten, where heretai ned some d ays, untilmeans could be found for h is crossing t

Channel, wh ich was at length accomplished, and they arrived

h ndon together in May, 1798.

His romantic adven tures and race gave him it fresh renown in

marveloua escape was hailed by the

trium it . He WM speedilrv em lit iyfld

‘

ger,"80, and was tume in te ly

id d irected to co operate w ith the

t the French army that had ln

vaded Syria. i t is n weakness no t at all uncommon amongst menwho have cut out a path of their own to rematore dist inct ion to

have an c l eat s of personal vanity, and S ir idney presented h imselfto D Pacha at Acre under the appellation of an envoy, whichcnab h im to assume, most beneficia lly fur the common cause, a

fence of that place ; though, as

ieter nt Constantinople, and n

A MILITARY LIBRARY

FOB. rus

WARS OF THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY .

Ilost qf tt ot-b hars hest consultedM ad a/M m y be rq

'

m ed tofo e ors’of thepa

'iod.

i nnnal Register, 1768- 1799 . London.

M anson’s Journal. London,Histoire de France, 1790. Paris, 1800.Memoirs of General Greene.

Authentic Narrative of Russian Expedition. London, 1772 .

ns’s History of England.

n's Annals of George 1 1 1. London, 1818.

Authentic Papers on the American War. 1777.M '

s Lil'

s ofMarlborough.

a ell’s Journal of the Siege of Gibraltar.

Arnold’ s Lectures on Modern H istory. 1842 .

was (v . Kansler)der Sohlachten. 1831 .

teeonnt of the Expedi tion to S icily under Byng. 1718.Allard, Relation do Siege de Dona en 1710.

t ie-

sander's Life of We iondon , 1840.

b looms Voyage round the arid. London , 1747.M a de ht Mat-im ; pal

-Romme. o Paris, 1787.

Kreh iteoture Militaire ; v on Storm. V ienna, 1766.

hoeonnt oi'

Expeditions against theWest indies, 1769 . Loodw ,

MILITARY L IBRAEY .

knfldmhs hflflfiaxy <kflhflwknul and IRmmmNflaL Phnw‘

Y brk, l7iimm

‘s Cu npt ign w t Tippoo in 1792 . London , 1704 .

in Zim n’n Life, m uted from the German . Berlin,

London, 1763.

812 .

m m W .

H istoin deo Gum do I. Rdvoh tiou : par Jomb l. HBO—it “ .

“ Mary ofEngland ; by Rapin, with Tindal‘b continuation.

by “ mm,with Smollm'

um m 181 !by Dr. 0"!d 1800.

by Lord M on (Su nburn).H istory of the Wu d

’

tho Sw en -ion byHome and

N iacin

de 13 Conven tion ; pot S t itch .

ofEnglmd ; b Adolphus.oh ho United m ; b Bancroft.

do.Gum do In V Brm bamy.of the American Navy ; byoflodocu n ; b Down.

of ladh g by misbwy of tbe Wd PirCTby mmisto in do Ran ia ; par I‘m um.

H iowire do In»Revolution ; pu Laban “ .

“ infinite de France par Lam wllc.

11 t do Ra ging parUS 00 .

of Hyde: Ali Shah and lppoo 1865.

ol tho Sw en Y em 'War ; byM owceaeu l Lloyd.Miliu im do Louis XIV. ; [in Do Quincy .

Ii i-min Militaiu da Prince Emmi“ ,

of the Wu of 1789 to

«ta k eou t-e g g»: chi ld ren

of tl umm 1796—1709 . G Voh . Landau.« um ; W ov en . G Voh . 1838.

11m m 3 W hen . Au tumnal.“ intuit-do Jom Bsrt xpu

’ undo“ .

H’

m in Miliu h'o do M nin de Quinoy. 7 l . 1738.H isto im du cuerm de ca M u t m soopu y lfltHM do M ; p¢r D oi. M 1766.

“ M u du fimu de fi u ; w lo 9m u d’

H istoiro de Charla: XIL ; Voltairo. um.

HM de Pim-ro lc flfw g par Volu ire. 1886.

k Cbu lo-Xl lq pu h’

ad burg.

H intoire do Lon i. M g“ .

Kn» MM r»do Vania ;to:

of Sweden ; y Pudendad. London,“ W ”7WW “u ” - A o C A " 6

meta-

y of tho wm lo Gu mmy. M ama. 1781—1700.am ou n Mahro tw‘; Duff. 3 Vo10.

tho Mobomothm India ; by 0010001 Brigg .

Ill-wry“ Mary 110 1111 . 1800.

1111 10 111 3

11 11 10 1“

11115101“ do Pu b, 18 14.

do [A Gam e cum-re 18! Tu m 1780 ; parMm ioh.Humiro do I; (loom ammo lo Ran ia at In Turqniv. 1769 .

do In Bun-tin :W (11m .

Mory 0 1 1110 Campaign 01 179 2 ; b Monoy. 1794.Mary of tho Compoigno in Hollooi 1793- 1796.Moire do. Dom ino-zput Millet.

8111111 1” do Prince Eng“ . 01 Morlbmngh. 172 11.“mm-1. Gou rd do Eopafiu W J . do Marlon. Modrtd, 1760.111-10 1" Mlllulro do.Sub-no pot Maydo Romain. “ m o no 1788.

History orm. Revolutlou in w h o 3 by the A bbe (loam ,

1799 .

fliottii

gkybrouowgiqoodo.Opiu fiomdoru m“ .1794-6. Hamburg.

111010111 :do Ju n Churchill, Duo do Mu lbrough. Paris, 1808.

W h o»of Bumpum . 1859.lm ’

u Operation: in India. 1700—1767.Jam al do lo Boom do Sopt Am 1767—1763 ; Princo do Ligh t .Jmmu l do In Campngoo do Bmgllo ot Bmuowio 176 1.Jmmu l do. Ow 11 11113 11“ Brmnnl on . new .

JW

I%M 6 poudouoo of Conan ! 11 . Calm t. Flanders,A .

Jom ol do 1»M agma. 1787- 1789 : parM. Comte do Sohmmou.

Naval Hiotm' London, 1847.Journald'nn 0 11101“ on Polo‘s“ . 1776.Journol 131111t do lo Row lufion no. 1709—1810.

a! who Bud-11 Army at Od om! 1704 .

of tho SW of Borgon oop-Zoom. Landon, 1747.Jam al o f tho Comm-1:

Fla nk ” , 1708 ; by'l by . Londo n, 1860.

131 J ournal of tho Britiuh Camp“ 17914 .

Viw d tho k'

orm domb iodplimn ud ya m

of Opcn tiono undor Lord Main 1784. Lim pool 1798.

of the Expedition to emu-gm :m4 .

d m uo do Donny : nu Cod-9m m. 1710.of L0 Cu l l . London, 82 0.

of Admlu lSir Hovoudon Walker. London, 1790.

W 111: don G. v. Sum . 1799.

MI LITARY I IBRAR Y .

Mackomdo’o Sketches of the War w ith Tippoo.

Maxwell‘u Lito of Wellington . 1841 .

Mountain ’sMemo irs of Russia. 1866.

Malcolm’

s H istory.“ Lord Clive.

a h y’s Essay on Clive. 1840.

Memo ir of Lord Lake. from the East India Serv ioo Journal. 1884.

Mdmoiroo Historiquoo do Comte do Hordt, 174 1.Mémoires do Brnndobourg. 1758.

Molnoiroo do Bonuoval. 1787.

Mémoires do Suwarrofl'

. St. Potombnrgh , 182 4.

Mu woll'o 11115e of the Brit ish Armies. London

, 1840.

Mlll’o H istory orb fiuah India. London, 18 2 6.

Mémo ires diotéoo St . Hélono. London. 182 3.

Momo iroa do Maréchal Ney. 2 V013. Paris, 1833.

Mémo ires do In Révolution Franquise. 63 Vols. Paris.

Militaire Goochich to dor Turken Kriege. Ungarn, 1783.

Mann im aln Baron do Tott . 1787.Mornoiroo do Baron do Grossart dos Guerroo 1792 —1818 .

Mémoiros dn Boron do In Mot to Fouquo'

. 1788.

Mancim do St. Cyr pour PH istoiro Militaire. 1798.

Max imoo do Guorro do Napoleon Bonaparte. Paris, 1830.

1110141113! q uit s of Napoleon . London , 182 8.

Manual for the Study of the Art of War, from the Brod. Mlli tary

Man ual for the Knowledge ofModern H istory, ditto.

MS . Journalof the 81930 of G ibraltar ; by an Oflloor of tho (h r

n oon .

M‘Arthnr'o Life of Lord Nelson . London , 1809.

Militoirisch Monauohrlft. 2 Vols. 8vo. Berlin, 1786.

Ml okonxio'o Life of Paul Jonoo. Boom , 184 1.

Mock innun's Services of tho Goldstreom Gourds. London, 18815.Ma lina ac. on the Art of War ; by Captai n Londy. London,

Ma nn ing of the War in M il , 1780— 1784. London. 1789 .

mum ; 011c of dlflbron t European Armien. Lo ndon, 1804.Mémoim our PM do 1: Gam e par Moroohal do Su e. Dresden,

1747.

11mm Memo irs andMu ims of Toronno ; by GeneralW illiamson.

London . 1740.Manama do Fouqnioru . London, 1776.

Heu airen poor oorvir t l’Art do 1; Guerro do Sept Ans ; par Tiollo.

Norm! History of Great Britain . London, 1779.Naval History g ‘

by Brenton .

Nun -nave of the Death ofMajor Andre; by Joshua Smi th.

fin al Evolutlono by Sir Howard Douglas. 188 2 .

“ no vella Cunotitutinno Militairrn. Frankfort, 1780.

(Bom o Poothumeo do Frdddric 14! Grand. 1788.

Crunch of Brltloln(10o 10 10 111. 110 10 17411. Loodu17

O’Moon 'o Voloo from St. Helena. London !

00 Attack ofmam(Woof .Moon ! 10 tho Flow. From tho Gom on.

Ootono-Foldxogo 1mdohwn. 17b7- 1788. woo.

M b 111000 14 no do 1: 0 00m do lo Vond“ . um.

Procl doo Ev on to Milltoirooxnor Damon. 1790—1814.

Portionloro of tho Fronoh Compdxn 10 lu ly. 1700.

Ponny C clopn dlo. 2 0 Volo. London.

Potltot, éo IIootlon do Mdmdm .

Prhtolpoo do l‘Art Mllltd ro. Borlln, 1708.

P0yoog nr our Art do lo Gnorro poor Prlnd poo. Pooh , 1710.Pomooo our lo Toodquo ; por lo “m ob do 811m Pot-M 1708.

Quincy, 111-101“ mow-o. 7 Volo. “ 0. Pork.172 0.

M oxlono our loo'l‘nlonto hfllitoiroo do Chorloo xn spa m

t toro 111otor1oolw n111h 1r1ooh Alnn u d t. 182 0.

Rum ll‘o odorn Europe

Row an doo Prlnolponxpo

sit-o

m”molt PM , 1806.

M 000 dn Poo-ago du

Ro lntion do Poo-op do 111110 17108.

Row llooti tm of on Artillory floor. 2 Volo. was.M otion Autrlohionno do lo Bou lllo d

'Aroolo.

M o tion do lo Botaillo do Kolin. 1707.

Rolotion do Poo-logo do 1a Limmat. Pox-1A, 1801.

wh

o?” M nfit

g'

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Rob-00‘ Boltloh

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Ru norko on tbo Oporu h no ot tho Wor, 1767. M IN “.

(PromLootoroob

oo ModoroM

flmmtoot-load ulmtn todz bBontboy

'o 14110 of Noh on.

y1?om1ly Library. 1831 .

BL Cyr, Go orroo do. 1790Spoototonr Mllltolro. 00 Volo. 1’or1o, 1800.

Soott‘o Llfo of Napoleon. Pot-lo, 1112 0.

Solar’o 81030 of Turlu . 1736.

So lo Rovolotton, 1707—1803 : by Roach M oth .

8tor1o do110 0 w m M ot h Porto O ttmnono. 11” tSondmrot Library CondomM an hun t M111tn1r1oolu n Tooohonbooh.

”

lim o-r. 1N

Boiling cod Fighting Signala in the British Navy, 1714.Stodtnan

’o Bin ary of the American War. 2 Vols. 1794 .

Sanson e on Field Beat ification. Leipzig, 1771, and London. 1800.

(1 111001111106.Kritiooho 00dMilito lriooho Gow hicb to.Train! don Orondos O rationsMilitairoo por Jomini. Paris, 181 1.Timothy Pick ing on t o Amorlonn War.

Theory of War ; by 001. Mc ngnll. 1808.

Trootioo on Stantogy by Y ntoo.

111mm Europe ; par r. Paris 11103.

Tnoitor‘o Life of ord St. Vinoont. L410 1111 , 1814.

N obnob 1111 Pm u ioohon Rho inonmpngno ; par Blucher. 1798.M loan Hintoriqno do 111 Morino a goioo ; par Turpin. 1779.

Trial 0! Admiral John Byng by 1101111 10. 0 11111111 , 1707.

Triol 0! Lord J . Sockvillo by Court Martial. London,Tootiqnoo Prnooionnoo. 4to. Paris. 1789.

Tablonn Hintortqno do 111 Onof re, 1700-04. (Som m)Taillard, Annivoroniro do 111 Volonr Fu ngal“ , 1702 - 1816.

N fiofistho.‘Grnndolgo d Anwoionng 1100 000m lSadlorn. Frank781.Compoigno of 1780-1 . London , 17117.

Thaw do lo Gnorro on A llomngno. Paris, 1708.

Tobk on do 111 Gnorro do la Pu gmotiqno Sonction. Borne, 1784.

Unitod Sorv ioo Jonrnol. London.

United Borrico inotitntion LlUnivoroni Military D ictionary. ndon, 1770.

Via Politi no ot Militoiro do Nopoldon. 1897.Vic do 1

"drio Roi do Brusso. Strasbourg, 1788.

Viotu iroo ot Conqnotoo. Paris, 1810- 19.

Vorggio

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011, 1808.

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Jauemicit , ii . 67Jefl

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m u .

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182 —186Road . 11. 2 68 ; iii. 30Kodmk i, iii . 145Rw

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2 46. 2 95. 2 97 ; v. 19. 2 9- 32 . 46.48—51. 106 171—174.

191 . 193. 196. 2 06. 2 1 2 , 2 13. 2 17.

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Kuu wSIei-p, i . 145Kym, Gen .

, 11. 68. 2 34

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2 08. 2 53. 2 76 : v. 150, 151 . 158.2 01. 2 05—2 1 1. 2 58

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(im . , iv. 1 2 1. 189. 190; v.

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M'Nevin, Din, v. 12 4Marplw n on , Major, 111. 2 2 4hi acquart.Gm . iv. 2 88 804Madlfimk , Coi. iv. 133

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