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THIRUVANANTHAPURAM

Volume 11 Issue 02 February 2022 ₹50

ATTUKAL PONGALAA CONFLUENCE OF DEVOTION, FESTIVITY, AND UNITY

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Published, Edited and Printed by Hari Shanker A.G. and Owned by Haritha Media Pvt Ltd and Printed by him at SB Press Private Limited, Statue, Trivandrum 695 001 and Published from Tharangam, Kodunganoor Post, Trivandrum 695 013Metro Mart is a monthly journal published from Trivandrum, Views and opinions expressed in the journal are not necessarily those of the Publishers.Metro Mart reserves the right to use the information published here in any manner whatsoever. While every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information published in this edition, neither the Publisher nor any of its employees accept any responsibilities for any errors or omissions.All Rights Reserved RNI No: KERENG/2011/40037

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18Expedition -

ThiruvananthapuramA Delightful Voyage

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CONTENTS

06Attukal Pongala,

a confluence of devotion,festivity and unity

Volume 11 - Issue 02 - February 2022

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Sindhu R.

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For

ewor

dDear Readers

The world-famous Attukal Pongala has been held at the Attukal Devi Temple, adhering to all

covid protocols like last year.

The annual ‘Pongala’ festival is celebrated with great enthusiasm at the Attukal Bhagavathy temple, popularly known as the ‘Sabarimala of Women’ at Thiruvananthapuram, capital of the capital the state of Kerala. Pongala, held on the ninth day of the ten-day-long festival, is the most important ritual of the Temple. The Attukal Pongala is the largest congregation of women for a festival in the world.

Owing to the current pandemic situation, a government order directed people to attend the festival strictly following Covid protocols, including wearing masks and maintaining adequate distance.The government also did not allow devotees to offer pongala in public spaces and roads. Only 1500 devotees were permitted to perform Pongala in the temple premises through online registration with stringent Covid rules. Nevertheless, millions have performed Pongala at their houses by observing usual penance and chanting prayers. Generally, the devotees’ line extended to more than a 15 km radius of the temple. At 1.20 pm, the Pongala offerings were sanctified by the temple priest.

The pongala ritual takes place on the 9th day of the ten-day long Atttukal Festival and is done by only women. Attukal Pongala is the largest women religious congregation in the world. The event was also entered into the Guinness world record for being the largest gathering of women.

SIJI NAIRManaging Editor & Director

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The world-famous Attukal Pongala festival will be celebrated in the Attukal Devi Temple located in

Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, on February 17 this year. The ten-day temple festival has already begun on February 9 and the the Pongala ritual will be performed on the 9th day of the celebration. Despite the threat of the Omicron virus persists, the Pongala ritual will be conducted this year, adhering to all Covid protocols.

Attukal Pongala is celebrated every year in the Malayalam month of Kumbham (February - March) on the 'Karthika ' star. Millions of devotees gather around the

temple to worship Attukal Devi every year. The pongala festival is the most prominent women gathering globally, which has set a Guinness Record. Women come together in large numbers to perform the rituals, and the city goes jam-packed and immovable for days prior to the Pongala. Every nook and corner of Thiruvananthapuram would be crowded with faithful devotees during the festival to fill divinity and sanctity in the air. Women cook different varieties of sweets made of rice, molasses, ghee, coconut, banana, lentils, and cardamom in earthen pots as the offering to the Attukal Devi. Devotees believe that all of their wishes will be fulfilled by the Goddess,

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provide prosperity, and attain salvation. Attukal Devi is often worshipped in three forms, Maha Saraswathy, Maha Lakshmi, and Mahakali.

The annual ‘Pongala’ festival is celebrated with great enthusiasm at the Attukal Bhagavathy temple, popularly known as the ‘Sabarimala of Women’ at Thiruvananthapuram, capital of the capital the state of Kerala. Pongala, held on the ninth day of the ten-day-long festival, is the most important ritual of the Temple. The Attukal Pongala is the largest congregation of women for a festival in the world. Pongala, which means ‘to boil over, is the ritual in which women prepare sweet payasam (a pudding made from rice, jaggery, coconut, and plantains cooked together) and offer it to the Goddess or ‘Bhagavathy’. ‘Pongala’ is the most important festival of Attukal Bhagavathy

Temple. The offering of Pongala is a very special temple practice in

the southern parts of Kerala. The ten-day- long celebration commences in the Malayalam month of Makaram-Kumbham (Feb - March) on the Karthika star. Pongala ceremony is on the auspicious day of Pooram star which coincides with a full moon. The festival commences with the musical rendering of the story of the Goddess (Kannaki Charitam) during the “Kappukettu ceremony”. The musical renderings are conducted by the families authorized for this purpose. The story invokes the presence of Kodungallur Bhagavathy and the slaying of the Pandyan King. The song will continue for all the nine days preceding Pongala. The event of the Goddess annihilating the Pandyan King is accompanied by much sound and fury of the temple drums and “Vaykurava” by devotees, immediately followed by the lighting of the hearths for the preparation of the offering for the Goddess. This festival commemorates the victory of

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The offering of Pongala is a very

special temple practice in the

southern parts of Kerala. The ten-day-

long celebration commences in the Malayalam month

of Makaram-Kumbham (Feb - March) on the

Karthika star.

Good over Evil by the slaying of Pandyan King. The Goddess Kannaki (Bhadrakali) is the main Deity in the Attukal temple. As per local legend, the Pongala festival commemorates the hospitality accorded by women in the locality to Kannaki, the divine incarnation of the heroine of the Tamil epic ‘Silappadhikaram’ while she was on her way to Kodungallur in central Kerala after destroying Madurai city to avenge the injustice done to her husband Kovilan.

Throughout the festival, an atmosphere of celebration and festivity prevails. There are solemn observances such as regular conduct of Bhajans, musical concerts, ballets depicting folk and temple arts, etc. in the temple premises. Processions of colorful floats of the Deity from all around, carried with pomp and devotion by the devotees congregating in the temple premises, provide a pleasing experience. This is symbolic of the philosophy that human and divine affairs are minutely inter-woven.

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Mythological Background

The story goes that the Goddess Bhagavathy revealed herself to a fervent devotee of a notable family viz. Mulluveettil family. One evening, a young girl appeared before the head of the family while he was performing his oblations in the Killi river and requested him to help her cross the river. Impressed by her charismatic demeanor, the old man bent before her with awe and reverence and not only helped her cross the river but took her to his house nearby. Strangely enough, while the household members were amidst preparations for intending a warm welcome to the young girl, she vanished. That very

night she appeared as an icon before the old man in his dream and demanded that he should establish an abode for her in the nearby sacred ground of shrubs and herbs (kavu), at a consecrated spot marked by three lines. The following day the older man went to the area revealed to him in the dream, and to his great surprise, he did find three marks indented on the ground. He lost no time erecting a temple on this consecrated spot to house the Goddess. Many years later, the building was renovated by the local devotees. They also installed a beautiful and majestic icon of the Deity with four arms, bearing weapons of destruction in each, like spear, sword,

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The entire area of about 10 km radius around the Temple,

with houses of people of all caste, creed, and

open religion fields, roads, and commercial

institutions, emerges as a consecrated

ground for observing Pongala ritual for the

lakhs women devotees assembling from

different parts of Kerala and outside.

shield etc. No less a person performed the consecration ceremony of this Exalted Being than the high priest of the Badarinath Temple. A Rare Charm of the Festival

On the 9th day of the festival, it would appear as though all roads in and around Thiruvananthapuram city lead to the Attukal Temple. The entire area of about 10 km radius around the Temple, with houses of people of all caste, creed, and open religion fields, roads, and commercial institutions, emerges as a consecrated ground for observing Pongala ritual for the

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lakhs women devotees assembling from different parts of Kerala and outside.

The important ritual in the ‘Pongala’ is the preparation of rice or varieties of sweet rice using hearths and the earthen pots in the open. This ceremony is exclusively confined to womenfolk. It is a delightful sight to see waves after waves of women of all age groups without caste, colour and creed surging into this area well in advance mostly carrying on their head materials such as firewood, earthen pots rice, jaggery, coconut etc. to mark out specific spots for the preparation of their offerings to the Goddess. The signal for lighting -the hearth is given by the chief priest of the Temple at a prefixed auspicious time followed by the humming of the Temple at Thidappally . Lightning of hearth at Thidappally is done by Melsanthi and at Panadara aduppu and Saha Mel Santhi.

The ceremony concludes with the sprinkling of holy water by temple priests at the appointed time in the evening, accompanied by an aerial showering of flowers to the honor and glory of the Goddess Almighty. The temple authorities make all necessary arrangements for the welfare of this huge congregation with the active participation of the voluntary agencies, local people, members of the festival committee, and the various government departments. They ensure law and order in the area with the support of the police and the volunteers specially detailed for the purpose. The enormous crowd which gathers here is reminiscent of the huge gatherings of the Kumbha Mela festival of North India.

Kuthiyottam

Kuthiyottam is performed by boys with the hope that the Goddess almighty would be pleased to bestow on them beauty inward and outward, health, wealth and happiness. Boys below the age of 12years make the offering of Kuthiyottam. These

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young boys represent the wounded soldiers of the Goddess Mahishasura Mardini. On the third day of the festival, these young boys receive the prasadam (offering) from the temple priest and start a seven-day penance to purify their body and mind. For this purpose, they have to pass through rigorous physical and mental discipline such as sleeping in the mat, observing strict diet restrictions, staying in the Temple etc. Besides these, the boys must undergo such disciplines as prostrating 1008 times before the Deity after their morning and evening oblations.

Thalappoli

Thalappoli by girls is a popular ritual made on Pongala day. A stream of young girls below 12 years dressed in traditional attire holding Thalappoli starts very early in the morning with the hope that the Goddess almighty would be pleased to bestow on them beauty inward and outward, health, wealth, and happiness.

Vilakkukettu

‘Vilakkukettu’ as nercha(offering) reaches

in Temple during the night from 1st to 9th day of Pongala festival. One of the most spectacular sights of the festival is the vilakkukettu, in which beautifully decorated structures bearing idols and pictures of the Goddess are carried in the heads of the devotees, as the way to the Temple from different parts of the city every night of festival accompanied by chendamelam music, etc.

No sooner are the boys adorned for accompanying the Deity than the grand procession begins. The procession with illumination, floats and colourful festoons on either side of the road generates a gala atmosphere. This is made more attractive with various art forms like peacock dance, poykuthira dance, kolkali, theyyam, kumbhadance, display of other art forms which are followed by kuthiyottam, panchavadyam. Lastly, a sight to behold is, the magnificent procession of Attukal Bhagavathy on the caparisoned elephant displaying with Alavattom and Venchamaram under the resounding echo of occasional gunshots.Enroute it is a splendid sight to see the devotees who assemble on either side of the

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road welcoming the Goddess in reverence with different kinds of offerings in salvers and “vaykurava”. The procession starting from Attukal temple reaches the Sastha Temple at Manacaud in the small hours of the morning, and after the necessary pooja ceremonies performed there, the entourage returns to Attukal. After that, the Deity is received back in the sanctum with Deeparadhana. Soon after the Deeparadhana, the ‘boys are delivered of the penance in an orderly manner. At night, rendering of devotional songs takes place, followed by the ceremonial removal of the “Kappu”. The ten-day festival Culminates with the sacrificial offering known as ‘Kuruthi Tharpanam’ at night.

The ten days Aattukal Pongala festival gives a tremendous boost to Kerala’s economy in myriad ways. Several sectors are major beneficiaries of this festival. It is reported that the rooms of hotels of different types in Trivandrum get booked one year before the Pongala. Vendors of mud pots, vessels and other utensils used for Pongala make a good fortune during the festival. Several voluntary organizations provide soft drinks, light refreshments etc. to the Pongala

pilgrims free of cost.

The participation in Attukal Pongala has been increasing in an astonishing manner year after year. In 2009, Attukal Pongala made it to the Guinness Book of World Records for being the largest religious gathering of women on a single day when over 2.5 million people took part in it. The annual event is organised by the Attukal Bhagavathy Temple Trust.

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Thiruvananthapuram, popularly known as Trivandrum amongst the

foreign travelers, is the largest city in the Southern tip of Peninsular India and the Capital City of the Southernmost state of India Kerala.

Referred to by Gandhiji as the ‘Evergreen city of India ‘, this city is truly a travelers’ delight as it offers serene beaches, placid lagoons and

EXPEDITION - THIRUVANANTHAPURAM

backwaters, picturesque hill stations and forests, amazing wildlife sanctuaries, majestic monuments and museums, elegant palaces and art galleries, pilgrim centers, historical alleyways to world-class shopping centers and most modern commercial establishments. No other city in the world can offer such an Akshaya Patra (undiminished platter of tourism) to its visitors to gorge on and relish.

a delightful voyage

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Being one of the fastest-growing cities in South India, Thiruvananthapuram will be witnessing rigorous development in the coming years. Being the capital city of Kerala, it’s the political nerve center of the state too. At the same time, the city plays the role of a central academic hub as many ancient and modern educated institutions and state-of-the-art science and technological institutions in the district attract students and aspirants

from all over India. The world’s richest temple and India’s largest shopping mall belong to this city, telling how diverse and unique this city is. India’s largest IT park and the upcoming mother port at Vizinjam, the biggest in South Asia, are adding more strings in the city’s arrow. The city has a great vibe, and while each place is worth a visit, many of them will leave you spellbound. Let’s start our Safari without further delay.

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Must see spots

One of the 108 Divya Desams, Sree Padmanabhaswamy Temple, is located in Thiruvananthapuram, the capital city of Kerala. Dedicated to Lord Padmanabha, one of the avatars of Lord Vishnu, the Padmanabhaswamy Temple is one of the principal centers of Vaishnava worship in the dharma of Vaishnavism. Embellished in gold-plated covering, the Temple is opened only to Hindu followers.

According to the Huzur Office (copper) plates, the Temple was built by Ay (Vrishni Kula) King Karunandadakkan (AD 857 - 880), who wanted the Temple to be one of the most exemplary constructions by the At rulers. One particular Chola inscription from the site mentions the installation of a deity’s silver vigraha (idol). Another record dated AD 923

reveals that land was gifted for perpetual lighting lamps. More contemporary inscriptions found in the Temple pertain to the 15th Century.

It is said that the temple complex had a separate Padashala (Vedic University) within it, with boarding facilities for more than 95 scholars. The 9th Century Ay King Vikramaditya Varaguna wanted to make this Padashala at Parthivapuram on par with the famous Kandalur sala at Thiruvananthapuram (the exact location of this university is still a matter of contest among historians). However, the Parthivapuram sala failed to raise its quality and standards, thus losing the race to the prominent Kandalur Shala at Trivandrum. Presently, the Temple is a protected monument under the Archaeological Survey of India.

This is the only Temple in the world without a Hundi (Donation Box)

SREE PADMANABHASWAMY TEMPLE

PARTHIVAPURAM TEMPLE

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It is one of the most famous and ancient temples of the Kanyakumari district in Tamil Nādu, situated on the river banks of Nandhiaaru. It is believed that it was established in the 9th Century A.D. It remains one of the founding stones of the Jain religion. The Temple was built in the traditional style of Kerala Architecture. Though the Temple is the abode of Lord Shiva, a shrine of Lord Vishnu is also present in the Temple facing Lord Shiva. There is an ancient rock-cut cave temple situated towards the northern side of this Temple.

Once upon a time, there existed a lot of sculptures inside the Temple. Many devotees and tourists are incredibly attracted to a famous and ancient temple.

Although the sculptures are not available, numerous stone carvings narrate many exciting tales related to Indian culture and religion. One stone carve states that King

Raja Raja Chola captured Muttom and renamed it Mummudi Chola Nalloor. According to research, King Raja Raja Chola celebrated his birthday at this Temple in AD 1003. This Temple served as home to Veeranandi, who preached Jainism during the 8th Century.

The Chitharal Jain monuments presently called Chitaral Malai kovil, are the ruins of Jain’s Training Centre are small rocky hills called the “Thirucharanattu Malai” situated in a small village called a small village Chitharal. Chitharal is 7km from Marthandam, 55 km from Kanyakumari, and 36km from Nagercoil. The place is scenic beauty and is a very excellent place.

The Jain influence in this part of the state was Pallava King in Mahendravarman I, a follower of Jainism. The King was famed for leading many such constructions,

THIRUNANDIKKARA CAVE TEMPLE

CHITHARAL

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particularly rock-cut sculptures in cave temples.3 The village is famous for a cave atop a hillock that features rock-cut images of attendant deities and Jain Tirthankaras. These carvings date back to the 9th Century and are considered archaeologically significant. Amongst several exquisite rock-cut sculptures found in the cave, the prominent one is an image of Goddess Dharma Devi. The cave was converted into a goddess temple during the 13th Century.

The Udayagiri Fort was originally built in the 17th Century and was again rebuilt and reinforced in the 18th Century by Maharaja Marthanda Varma of Travancore. The Udayagiri fort was initially built out of the mud during the rule of the Venadu King, Sri Vira Ravi Varma, and later rebuilt with stone under the reign of

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Marthanda Varma. The Udayagiri fort is built over an area of 90 acres. This also includes an isolated area of 260 feet. There is also an old foundry that was used for many years for casting guns. The Nattars of Nanjilnadu also gave donations to construct the structure of the Udayagiri fort.

During the rule of Marthanda Varma, the Udayagiri fort was rebuilt between 1741-44. This was carried out under the supervision of Eustachius De Lannoy, who was a Flemish naval commander of the Dutch East India Company. He later also went on to serve as Chief in the Travancore Army.

In its initial days, the Udayagiri Fort was a place of great strategic importance. Prisoners who were taken captive during the campaign against Tipu Sultan were kept confined in this Fort for quite some time. Then, in 1810, the East India Company’s Army, under the command of Colonel Leger, marched into Travancore using the Aramboly Pass to put out a rebellion that took place under the leadership of Velu Thambi Dalava.

In its later years, the Udayagiri fort also housed the English East India Company troops until the middle of the 19th Century. The foundry located on the premises of the Fort was established here under the

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Padmanabhapuram Palace, also known as Kalkulam Palace, is a Travancore era palace located in Padmanabhapuram in the Kanyakumari district. The palace is owned, controlled, and maintained by the government of Kerala.

COLACHEL WAR MONUMENT

The Battle of Colachel was fought on August 10, 1741 [O.S. July 31, 1741] between the Indian kingdom of Travancore and the Dutch East India Company. During the Travancore -Dutch War, King Marthanda Varma’s (1729–1758) forces defeated the Dutch East India Company’s forces led by Admiral Eustachius De Lannoy on August 10, 1741. The Dutch never recovered from the defeat and no longer posed a large colonial threat to India.

PADMANABHAPURAM PALACE WORLD’S LARGEST WOODEN PALACE

supervision of the resident general and was used for manufacturing mortars, guns, and cannonballs.

Today, the remains of this furnace are perhaps the most significant testimony to the glorious past that the Fort has witnessed. It is also said that a brass gun that was 16 feet long was discovered in the Udayagiri fort complex, but no one could move it even by a couple of feet by 16 elephants and a massive number of people.

An isolated hill surrounding the Udayagiri fort was used as a training ground for the King’s army for many years.

VATTAKOTTAI

Vattakottai Fort (or ‘Circular Fort’) is a seaside fort near Kanyakumari,

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KOONTHAKULAM BIRD SANCTUARY

At a distance of 31 km from Tirunelveli, Koonthankulam or

Kunthankulam Bird Sanctuary is a protected area located in Koonthankulam village in Nanguneri Taluk of Tirunelveli district. This is the largest reserve for breeding waterbirds in South India and also one of the popular places to visit in Tirunelveli for bird lovers.

Koonthankulam Bird Sanctuary consists of Koonthankulam and Kadankulam irrigation tanks and is spread over an area of 1.29 sq. km. It is declared as a sanctuary in 1994. This sanctuary is actively protected and managed by the Koonthankulam village community. This sanctuary is an important Bird site in Tamilnadu, and it attracts more than one lakh birds annually. The tourists visit the place to see painted Stork, which is the major attraction of this place.

The Babul plantation in Koonthankulam is the main breeding ground for several birds. The sanctuary is visited by more than 43 types of water birds, both resident and migratory every year, especially in January and February. They vacate their nests in July and August after nesting, hatching, and nurturing the young chicks. Painted Stork, the major attraction of this village, flies here from north India and East European countries. Other

Tamil Nadu, the southern tip of India. It was built in the 18th Century as a coastal defense fortification and barracks in the erstwhile Travancore kingdom.

It was constructed in the 18th Century by Punachal/Elakkara Valiyaveetil Marthandan Chempakaraman Pillai for the kings of Travancore, and Later it was modified under the supervision of Captain Eustachius De Lannoy, an ex-Dutch naval officer of the Dutch East India Company, who became commander of the Travancore Army (the very army that defeated him in the Battle of Colachel) in the 18th Century after he earned the trust of the Travancore King Marthanda Varma. De Lannoy reconstructed Vattakottai as part of the defense fortifications he undertook throughout Travancore.

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KOVALAM BEACH

prominent migratory birds that visit this village are Bareheaded Goose, Pintail, Spotted Sand Piper, Green Sand Piper, Green Shank, Coot, White Stork, giant flamingo, Common Sand Piper, Common Teal, and Pallavan.

There is also an interpretation center, watchtower, and children’s park. For the past few years, rainfall has significantly reduced, and the lake is drying up quickly. The sanctuary is losing its beautiful guests gradually as the climatic conditions worsen.

The epicenter of tourist flow, Kovalam Beach needs no introduction. Often crowded with local and foreign tourists, it is located 13km away from the city. This water delight seizes the top position in the list of tourist places in Trivandrum.

Kovalam Beach is the treasure chest of a multitude of adventure

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activities. Along with the para-sailing, diving, and windsurfing sessions, the beach also allows you to go on a leisure walk and offers a playful swimming time. Tourists have a choice to opt for lounge chairs to sit and gaze at the most extraordinary sunrises and sunsets. The gleaming blue water and silver sands offer a quality time to enjoy nature at its best.

VELI TOURIST VILLAGE

The planned location of the Veli Tourist Village proves to be a successful picnic spot. It is situated 8 km from the city, where Veli Lake and the Arabian Sea confluences. The charming landscape allures one to explore this much sort after destination.

Another attraction of this hamlet is its floating bridge built recently. The village also houses a floating restaurant that offers a sumptuous array of food products that delight the taste buds.

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VARKALA BEACH

NEYYAR DAM & WILDLIFE SANCTUARY

POOVAR

VIZHINJAM ROCK CUT CAVE TEMPLE

This secluded beach is situated 54 km north of Trivandrum. An exemplary escape from the bustling crowd of the city, Varkala is a paradise in its own right. The beach ensures a refreshing vacation with a spectacular landscape, multiple international cuisines, and mesmerizing sunset view.

Famous for its Lion and Deer Safari, Neyyar Wildlife Sanctuary treats nature enthusiasts. The park houses a crocodile farm and elephant rehabilitation center. Ask for a guided tour of the sanctuary, which is quite informative.

Poovar, a small coastal village along the natural harbor at Vizhinjam, is believed to have been called ‘Ophir’ where the ships of the biblical King Solomon had arrived. It was then an important trade center for sandalwood, spices, and timber.

Situated 17km away from the city, Vizhinjam Rock Cut Cave Temple is one of the most visited tourist places in Trivandrum. This 8th-century rock-cut sculpture is single-celled and houses the Deity of Vinandhara Dakshinamurthi.

Temples have been an essential

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PONMUDI

SCUBA DIVING IN TRIVANDRUM

The captivating hill station of Ponmudi is at a distance of 61 km from Trivandrum. It is situated 915 meters above sea level and offers respite from other cities’ heat and the hustle and bustle. Its narrow, meandering pathways, dark woods, and soothing climate make it a splendid location to spend a holiday at. A multitude of colorful butterflies, springs and rapids, myriad species of wildflowers, and the deer park nearby is the key attraction of this fascinating hill station.

Enjoy 25 minutes underwater Scuba diving with a minimum of 15 feet and a maximum of 30 feet. Scuba dive in the pristine water & witness stunning varieties of fishes & aquatic plants underwater.

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17part of Indian history; thus, this particular Temple is revered highly in South India. The outer wall of the shrine is replete with images of Lord Shiva and Goddess Parvati. There is also an unfinished sculpture of Lord Shiva, in which he is shown dancing and holding a bow. The intricate carvings of the wall are worth appreciating.

MAGIC PLANET

Renowned as the first magic park in the entire world, the Magic Planet is an absolute treat for the curious child in us all. This mystical theme park aims at changing the perspective with which we look at magic- instead of looking at it as a mystery, the Magic Planet encourages us to put on our science glasses and look at the beautiful art of magic as a segment of pragmatic math and awe-inspiring science.

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KANAKAKKUNNU PALACE

AGASTYARKOODAM

NAPIER MUSEUM

Close to the Napier Museum, the Kanakakunnu Palace was built under the rule of the Travancore King. Today, the palace is host to a plethora of cultural programs that are held on its premises.

Adding to the historical significance and cultural diversity of the tiny yet vibrant city of Karikkakom is the Karikkakom Sree Chamundi Devi Temple, which is over 600 years old. This ancient Temple is set in dense green environs with tall lush palms enveloping it from all sides. The Karikkakom Devi Temple is a Hindu temple that enshrines Goddess Chamundi.

Close to the Napier Museum, the Kanakakunnu Palace was built under the rule of the Travancore King. Today, the palace is host to a plethora of cultural programs that are held on its premises.

Renowned for its fine collection of sculptures, paintings, and musical

instruments, the Napier Museum serves as a prime attraction of the city. It is also an architectural marvel established around 150 years ago.

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KARIKKAKOM SREE CHAMUNDI DEVI TEMPLE22

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SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY MUSEUM

PRIYADARSHINI PLANETARIUM

ARTS AND CRAFTS VILLAGE AT VELLAR

Known for its tech on display, the Science and Technology Museum was founded in 1984. The museum draws many visitors into its chambers, especially science enthusiasts.

Regarded as one of the best planetariums in the whole of South India, the Priyadarshini Planetarium should top your list of places to visit in Trivandrum. This planetarium is India’s first titled domed planetarium and has been doing an impeccable job at educating the people in the diverse subject of astronomy and keeping them acquainted with the latest evolutions in the field.

Arts and Crafts Village at Vellarwith its handicraft stalls, ethnic food joints, and recreational facilities, will give a genuine Kerala shopping experience for travelers.

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The Attukal Bhagavathy Temple in Trivandrum is one of the most talked-about temples of the south and the entire country. Among the many reasons for its popularity, probably the most eye-catching one is that it received a Guinness World Book record when over 37 lakh women offered pongala at this Temple at once, making it the destination of the largest gathering of women for a religious activity!

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Also known as Vellayani Kayal, Vellayani Lake is the largest freshwater lake in Kerala, situated in Trivandrum city. The water

Kallar is ideally a scenic location of tiny, gorgeous, and less polluted hamlets situated on the way from Ponmudi hill station to Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. On an offbeat track of 15 km away from Ponmudi, Kallar provides a perfect weekend getaway in the laps of nature.

VELLAYANI KAYAL

KALLAR

ELEPHANT REHABILITATION CENTRE AT KOTTUR

AAZHIMALA SIVA TEMPLE

Azhimala is famous for it’s gorgeous beach and green surroundings which is located just 6 km away from Vizinjam. Another significance Azhimala is the Siva temple which hosts India’s tallest Shiva statue in Gangadhareswara form. The statue is fully made in concrete. The mammoth structure of Shiva’s hair flowing in the wind and holding Goddess Ganga has a charm of it’s own and enhances the look of the temple.

Visitors are allowed to go near and enjoy this incredible spectacle. Elephant ride is another entertainment provided in the

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from the lake is mainly used for irrigation and drinking purposes and harvesting lotus flowers.

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Marine Research Aquarium of Vizhinjam Marine Aquarium with a good collection is a visual treat of aquatic species. The seahorses, angelfish, boxfish, clownfish, eels, etc., to name a few, and the coral reef tank with a collection of corals, the marine hatchery - all will give a chance to study the marine life.

VIZHINJAM MARINE AQUARIUM

PALARUVI WATERFALLS

KOLLAM-JATAYU EARTH’S CENTER

Palaruvi Waterfalls, which translates to ‘Stream of Milk’, come down through rocks from a height of 300 feet. This has turned into a delightful picnic spot where one can enjoy a spectacular view

Jatayu Earths Center Incorporates all aspects of tourism, offering a complete God’s own Country experience to each one of you. Spread across 65 acres of land

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center. For researchers and students, this is an ideal place to observe and study the behavior of giant mammals.

uninterrupted. The rocky terrain one has to traverse before reaching it can be cumbersome, but fatigue disappears immediately once these majestic waterfalls come into sight.

Aruvikkara Dam is

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KSCSTE: JNTBGRI is the only organization in India, which maintains a 300-acre conservatory garden for the country’s wild tropical plant genetic resources, besides a well-integrated multidisciplinary R & D system dealing with conservation, management, and sustainable utilization of tropical plant resources.

The Aruvikkara Bhagavathi Temple is an ancient Hindu place of worship dedicated to

ARUVIKKARA BHAGAVATHY TEMPLE

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TROPICALBOTANIC GARDEN & RESEARCH

INSTITUTE, PALODU

It is located in Parottukonam, Trivandrum. This is the first soil museum in India and contains exhibits covering almost all aspects of it. These include pollution, bacteria, and other organic materials in the soil, the inorganic components like the types of rocks and minerals, watershed management, types of water harvesting, types of farming, how subsistence farming can be carried out, and much more. An exciting feature of the museum is that the information is displayed in the form of 3D models.

STATE SOIL MUSEUM ANDSOIL INFORMATION CENTRE

located in Aruvikkara in Thiruvananthapuram District, Kerala. This Gravity and Masonry dam was built across the Karamana River and was completed in 1972. It is used for irrigation and supplying drinking water to the city of Thiruvananthapuram.

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The Koyikkal Palace is a palace situated in Nedumangadu, Thiruvananthapuram District, Kerala. The palace was built in the 16th Century for Umayamma Rani of the Venad Royal Family. The palace is a double-storied building built in the traditional architectural style of Kerala. The palace is maintained by the Kerala State Department of Archaeology and also hosts folklore and numismatic museums.

A rare mixture of rural and urban, Pangode is located between Vazhuthacaud and Thirumala. The area is significant as it houses Pangode Military Camp. There are a Hanuman temple, a Gurudwara, and a Mosque frequented by members of the military soldiers. The Indian army well maintains Pangode’s military area, and it’s one of the beautiful spots of Thiruvananthapuram. The place usually tends to have a tranquil atmosphere. The roads are well paved with a short stretch of forest cover, the Colachel stadium, the military hospital, the training

KOYIKKAL PALACE, NEDUMANGAD

PANGODE REGIMENT AREA

the Goddess Durga. The Temple is built on a rock on the banks of river Karamana, which has a waterfall that flows below it. The main Deity in this Temple is Sapthamaathrukkal(seven incarnations of Goddess Parvathi). Idols done in ‘Kadusharkkarayogam’ are a rare combination to make idols.

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camp - the variety one set to expose is simply phenomenal.

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GENERAL HOSPITAL40

This pioneer medical hub of the

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Located near the Napier Museum this art gallery established in 1935 by the erstwhile Maharaja of Travancore, Sree Chithira Thirunal displays original paintings by Raja Ravi Varma, Svetlova and Nicholas Roerich; exquisite works from the Rajput, Mughal and Tanjore schools of art in India as well as paintings from China Japan Tibet and Bali. The collection also includes unique copies of Indian mural paintings from pre-historic times down to the 18th century

SREE CHITHRA ENCLAVE

SREE CHICHTRA ART GALLERY

city was founded by Sri Karthika Thirunal, Maharaja of Travancore, on November 9, 1865. Travancore has a long history of organized health care. When the colonial power established their presence in the region, they brought their medical system. In the 19th Century, Travancore took the initiative in making the western system of care available to their subjects. Opened in 1993 this museum

depicts the history of the Travancore Royal Family and displays their personal belongings and artefacts. Old newspaper footage and deeds describing the events are also exhibited here

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THIRUVANANTHAPURAM ZOO43

Thiruvananthapuram Zoo is one of the oldest zoos in India.It occupies 55 acres (22 ha) of woodland, lakes, and lawns. It is said to have been established in the year 1857 by Maharaja of Travancore. In a modernization project of 1995, this zoo got a makeover and its

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MUSEUM COMPLEX 44

KCS PANICKER GALLERY 45

NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM 46

old enclosures were replaced with spacious naturalistic enclosures. The zoo is home to about 83 species of animals that include lion-tailed macaque, Nilgiri langur, Indian rhinoceros, Asiatic lion, royal Bengal tiger, white tiger, leopard, Asian elephants, giraffes, hippos, zebras, and Cape buffalos. The zoo also includes a snake farm called ‘The Reptile House’, which exhibits both poisonous and non-poisonous snakes. It also houses 7 Anacondas too.

Nominated as one of the nine eminent artists of India, Kerala’s

Some of Thiruvananthapuram’s prominent cultural attractions are conveniently clustered in the Museum Complex. It includes the Napier Museum, Sree Chithra Art Gallery and Zoological Park among others.

This modern building houses the skeletal, bird , animal and taxidermy galleries as well as a museum .

Located in the Park view Building, opposite Museum compound, it charts Kerala’s historical and

renowned painter, panicker, was born in 1911 . A trendsetter in his field, Panickers was instrumental in setting up the Progressive Painters Association in Chennai from 1944 to a953 . The gallery traces his works cover a period. `

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cultured evolution over the centuries from pre historic to historic times. Kerala’s progress in various fields, during different periods, is showcased in the museum’s nine galleries. Modern technological support makes this museum an interactive one with information kiosks and LCD displays to provide more information to visitors.

The beautiful two –storeyed Kuthiramalika (Horse Palace), situated near the Padmanabhaswamy Temple, houses numerous artefacts. The unique Navarathri Mandapam in front of the palace, a venue for

On the eastern side of the Padmanabhaswamy Temple, installed in 1833 during the reign o Swathi Thirunal is the Meshan Mani (clock) . It has on its dial, a man’s face with two goats on either side. The clock was crafted from mahogany by an artisan called Kulathooran.

KUTHIRAMALIKA (PUTHEN-MALIKA) PALACE MUSEUM 48

MESHAN MANI 49

concerts, uses traditional sound reflectors comprising 50 clay pots hung upside down from the ceiling, creating an effect that outdoes even modern acoustic systems. This palace was built by Maharaja Swathi Thirunal Balarama Varma the King of Travancore who was a great poet, musician, social reformer and statesman. This rare specimen of workmanship, in the traditional Travancore style of architecture has exquisite wood carvings. The palace museum displays painting and various priceless collections of the royal family.

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The most famous amongst the many Kalari centres, CVN Kalari has its own Ayurvedic clinic Located near the Padmanabhaswamy Temple, this place which teaches Kerala’s ancient martial art, is within walking distance from the Central Railway Station . Tourists allowed only on Wednesdays

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Located near the Museum complex, this observatory which is 60 m above sea level, offers a bird’s eye view of the city

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VJT HALL AND MUSEUM53

Built in the Roman architectural style , this landmark building at Statue Junction, is the centre of Kerala Government’s administration. It houses the offices of ministers and bureau crafts

Built to commemorate the golden jubilee of the coronation of Queen Victoria in 1896, the VJT Hall was inaugurated by Sree Moolam Thirunal Rama Varma on January 25, 1986. The hall has witnessed many preferred venues for public functions in the city, this monument stands tall as a remnant of the colonial era

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Children of all ages will enjoy the vast collection of nearly 2,000 dolls, stamps and masks displayed here

The coins displayed here belong to different parts of the world as well as to different eras. The rare and historically valuable collection of coins gives an insight into the trade relations of the State. Among the exhibits is the most valuable Indian coin – the 2,500 –year –old Karsha, and Rasi, the world’s smallest coin

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THE NUMISMATICS MUSEUM 55

Set up in 1992, this museum is a treasure trove of quaint musical instruments, occupational implements, household utensils, models of folk art etc. That draws attention to the rich culture heritage of the State.

A traditional building that houses the personal belongings of the great Malayalam poet, the late Vyloppilly Sreedhara Menon. Kathakali shows are held here regularly

Ph : 2311842 , Programmes start at 18.00 hrs.

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VYLOPPILLY SAMSKRITHI BHAVAN 57

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Karamama Agraharam is one of the oldest Brahmin settlements in the city, where Sanskrit has slowly started becoming a way of life once again.

A group of teachers took the initiative to speak and teach the holy language. For many, fascination for the language motivates them to join the classes. It takes a whole village to nurture a dream, and this one dream of becoming a Sanskrit Village is like Mattur in Karnataka. In early 2000, Viswa Sanskrit Prathistanam, the Kerala chapter of Sanskrit Bharathy, a non-profit organization propagating Sanskrit language and literature across India, started workshops in the Ashram in Karamana. Now there are students in all the age groups. The classes are open to all, irrespective of community or caste. Karamana is located just 3 km away from Thampanoor and 4 km away from East Fort.

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The name Margi in Sanskrit means ‘pursuit of esthetic values’ universal and everlasting. Margi was responsible for staging classical Indian theatre arts not usually staged in Thiruvananthapuram. Starting in 1970 as a society Margi drew

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Located near the Shankumugham Beach and inaugurated in 1947, Valiyathura Sea Bridge is a fine piece of engineering, extending about 200m into the sea. Reminiscent of the busy sea –trading days of Kerala, this old bridge is visited by a lot of travellers. Watching the sunset from here is a refreshing and rejuvenating experience. During monsoons, fishermen carry their catamarans to the 703 ft long edge of the Valiathura Pier, throw them into the sea and then jump in and swim to it.

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inspiration from its founding fathers. In 1974 Margi center for Kathakali was created for training artists in the Gurukula style. In 1981 Koodiyattam center was started with Padmasri Sri Ammannur Madhavan Chakyar. Margi’s initiative saw Koodiyattam being proclaimed by UNESCO as one of the masterpieces of world art forms. Margi troupe has performed extensively in several countries from 1980 onwards. This premier institution for performing art form is located proudly at Fort in the Thiruvananthapuram city.

Situated a stone’s throw away from the Trivandrum International

MALL OF TRAVANCORE 61

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Tucked away on the outskirts of Thiruvananthapuram, the Kerala Biodiversity Museum that was once a boathouse is now India’s first biodiversity museum. It is home to the states first-ever Science on Sphere (SOS) system. Spread across 5000 sq ft this museum has a 50 seater 3D theatre scale models interactive kiosks and LCDs informative panels that sheds light on Kerala’s traditional rice varieties, marine diversity and marine life

airport and built across the NH bypass, it is an ideal way to pass time, hunt for souvenirs and enjoy a scrumptious meal. With more than 300 brands spread over 150 stores and Playaza, a 15000 square feet of pure entertainment with an amazing array of amusement rides, 9D theatre, video games and soft play area this is where you want to be if your flight is late .

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VAZHVANTHOL WATERFALLS 64

This sanctuary, spread over 53 sq km on the Western Ghats is accessible from Vithurai, With its rich flora and fauna, Peppara dotted with hillocks, forests and eucalyptus plantations, is a great attraction for wildlife enthusiasts. For entry permits, contact : Wildlife Warden , Wildlife Division, Thiruvananthapuram Ph 2360762.

Vazhvanthol is a beautiful scenic waterfall located near Bonacaud . There is an entry fee for trekking here which needs to be paid at the check post to go further. Take a

Sivananda Yoga Vedanta Centre was founded in 1959 by Swami Vishnudevananda Disciple of HH. Swami Sivananda, with the aim of promoting the ancient science of Yoga for physical , mental , emotional and spiritual well-being and to thereby create a more peaceful world .

The Sivananda Yoga Vedanta Dhanwantari Ashram is set in 12 acres of tropical splendour in the foothills of Kerala’s Western Ghats. The Natural beauty of Neyyar Dam, the forested surroundings, the cool green coconut tree groves and the colourful flower-filled vistas offer an ideal atmosphere for the practice of yoga and meditation. The ashram programme covers classical yoga techniques, and helps to install in guests a deeper awareness of the spiritual essence of life.

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2.2 km trek through the forest to reach the majestic waterfalls.

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BALARAMAPURAM KAITHARI

This is the oldest Agriculture College in Kerala in Vellayani, a suburban Thiruvananthapuram. The compound has 2.52 sq. km and bordering on three sides by the beautiful Vellayani lake. The college was established in May 1955. The institution was set up in a palace building belonging to the royal family of erstwhile Travancore. Post-graduation programs were started here in 1962, and Msc. and Ph.D. courses were started in the year1965.

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During the regime of His Highness Sri Balarama Varma

from 1799 to 1810, handloom weaving was first introduced at Balaramapuram in Travancore. The Dalawa (minister) of Maharaja brought seven weavers’ families from Tamil Nadu to produce fabrics for the royal family members and made them settle at Balaramapuram in a separate location called Shalimar Street. The present inhabitants of the street are the descendants of these seven families. Balaramapuram itself was named after the King who started industries in the region. The Shaliyar community settlement has four main streets: Single, Double, Vinayagar, and New. The Shaliyar community settlement spreads over about 13 acres south of NH 47. The houses of this community reflect their culture, occupation, and religious beliefs. All of their houses have production units connected to them. Presently a major portion of the handloom clothes produced in this area is sold to the Handloom Development and Handex Board.

Akkulam Tourist Village is located near Ulloor in Thiruvananthapuram. It’s a mesmerizing picnic spot set along the banks of Akkulam lake, a part of the famous Veli lake. The

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village currently offers a beautiful children’s park, air force museum with simulator, cycling park with cycle track and swimming pool. There’s a boat club where boating facilities are available.

Sanghumukham beach is a vast stretch of white sands and a serene atmosphere away from the crowd in the city. Located just 8 km away from Thampanoor and East Fort, It provides all the ingredients for relaxation and spending a perfect evening with family. Eating kiosks, open-air theatres, coffee houses, etc., facilitates a beautiful experience. The beach is the vantage point for enjoying sunset

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too. The sculpture of the giant Jala Kanyaka (mermaid) is an added attraction. A traffic awareness park for children, the famous Devi temple, and ample car parking areas also Sanghumukham offers as a bonus to the visitors.

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An ancient historic stone structure was built at Sanghumukham beach for the Aratu (holy bath) ritual of Lord Sri Padmanabha by the erstwhile Maharaja of Travancore centuries ago. Its pillars and roofs are made of solid rocks that reflect the architectural beauty of the mandapam. This is one of the major attractions in the Sanghumukham beach today.

INDIAN INSTITUTION OF SCIENCEEDUCATION AND RESEARCH (IISER) 71

IISER is an autonomous public university located at Vithura, 40 km away from Thiruvananthapuram. The institution is one of the seven

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Lulu Mall, Thiruvananthapuram, which was thrown open to the public on December 17, 2022, is the largest shopping mall in the country. Located by the side of NH 66 at Akulam and close to the largest I.T. park in India, Techno Park, it has 20,00,000 square feet. The mall has more than

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300 national and international brands and 12 anchor shops, including Lulu Hyper Market. The entertainment zone and kids zone are the largest in India, and the food court with the seating capacity of 2500 people at a time serves regional and international cuisines. The mall has 12 screen multiplex, including one 4DX screen by PVR cinema. A multi-level car parking space for more than 3800 cars, this mall is situated on 46 acres of land at Akulam.

Mascot Hotel is a heritage business class hotel owned by Kerala Tourism Development Corporation (KTDC), running with five-star status. The elegant hotel is located at the majestic looking PMG Junction. The hotel offers large rooms with high ceilings owing to the British-era architectural design. The area was earlier used as a camp of the Travancore Army

IISERs established by the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government Of India, to bridge the gap between research and basic science education at the undergraduate level. It was established in 2008. This is one of the beautiful campuses in India in the foothills of Western Ghats, spread over 200 acres.

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during the reign of Maharaja. Later it was built to accommodate officers of the British Army during World War I. Post-war, the royal family started using the building to house their distinguished guests. After Kerala’s formation, KTDC took over the place, and now Mascot Hotel is one of the best-managed heritage hotels in India.

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Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC) is a significant space research center of the ISRO (Indian Space Research Organization), focusing on rocket and space vehicles for India’s satellite program. Earlier it was known as Thumpa Equatorial Rocket Launching Station in 1962. It was

VSSC has integration facilities located at Valiamala in Thiruvananthapuram. Facilities for the development of reinforced plastics and composites are located at Vattiyirkavu. VSSC has a large workforce of about 4500 employees, specializing in frontier disciplines. Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam, the former President of India and a well-known space scientist, had been part of this organization for a long period.

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renamed in honor of Dr. Vikram Sarabahai after being regarded as the Father of the Indian Space Program. The space center is the largest among the ISRO facilities. In addition to its main campus located at Thumpa and Veli.

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AIR

Thiruvananthapuram international airport is connected by flights from major cities in India and abroad

RAIL

Thiruvananthapuram is a major railhead connecting several important cities and places in India

ROAD

Thiruvananthapuram is connected by good motorable roads to all places in South India.

Thiruvananthapuram is :

690 km from Bangalore

708 km from Chennai

253 km from Thekkady

220 km from Kochi

523 km from Thanjavur

469 km from Trichy

360 km from Wayanad

HOW WOULD YOU LIKETO TRAVEL ?

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ACCESSING THIRUVANANTHAPURAM

Airline Offices: (+91 471)

Airport Authority of India- Ph: 2702600

Air Arabia - Ph: 3366444

Air India - Ph: 2310310, 2501426

Bahrain Air - Ph:2333125/126/127

Emirates - Ph: 408 4444

Etihad Airways - Ph: 3010000-5

Fly Dubai - Ph: 4000141/42

Gulf Air - Ph: 4011126/4011125

Indigo - Ph: 2500239

Kuwait Airways - Ph: 2720013, 2500434 (Airport)

Maldivian - Ph: 2558212

Malindo Airways - Ph: 2503055 / 2504055

Oman Air - Ph: 2557042

Thiruvananthapuram Cntrl: 0471 2331047

Thiruvananthapuram Petta: 0471 2470181

East Fort - Ph: 0471 2575495

Helpline Online Reservation:

0471 - 2463799

0471- 2471011 ext 238, 290

094470 71 021

Air : Thiruvananthapuram International Airport (6 km from the city) has over 30 air links with convenient connections to all parts of the country as well as international destinations like Colombo, Singapore and the Middle East.

Rail: There are direct trains from Thiruvananthapuram to all the main towns in Kerala as well as the major cities in India Railway Enquiry Ph 139

Road: Long distance buses operate from the Central Bus Station at Thampanoor, opposite the Railway Station KSRTC Ph 0471 2323886 Short distance buses operate from the City Bus station

Telephone Access Code : +91 - 471 Qatar Airways - Ph: 3919091, 3919092

Saudi Arabian Airlines - Ph: 2721321

Silk Air - Ph: 2324144, 2325144

SriLankan Airlines Ph: 2471815

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City Circular Service is an innovative transportation network, introduced by KSRTC Connecting all major routes inside the Trivandrum City. Minimum travel charge is Rs 10 and the maximum Rs 30.The Good Day Ticket provides unlimited travel in any city circular buses with a time limit of 24 hours.

Phone: 0471-2463799, 9447071021

Minimum charge Rs. 25/1.5 km

Taxi Fare :Minimum Charge

Rs. 250 (Non A/c) and Rs. 350 (A/c)

Many app based / online taxi service provides also operate at Thiruvananthapuram.

Autorikshaw Fare :

Tourist Information Offices:

Tourist Facilitation Centre, Department of Tourism, Park View Ph: +91 471 2321132

Tourist Joint Directors Office Ph: 0471 2324453 Tourist

Information Centre Railway Station ThampanoorPh: 0471 2334470

Tourist Information centre Domestic AirportPh: 0471 2501085

Tourist Information Centre , International AirportPh: 0471 2502298

Tourist Facilitation Centre Kovalam, Ph: 0471 2480085

Central Reservations (KTDC)Ph: 0471 2316736

District Tourism Promotion Council (DTPC) Vellayambalam Ph: 0471 2315397,Fax: 0471 2313606

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February 202251Adoor • Pa thanamth i t ta • Kasaragod • Mar thandam • Nagerco i l • Madura i • Sa lem

For online purchase, visit www.bhimajewellery.com /bhimajewellery

Trivandrum, M.G. Road, T: 85477 72777 • Attingal, LMS Junction, T: 90201 88777Pothencode, Near Civil Station (Bypass Road). M: 90726 84777

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