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Transcript of PK PEMICU 3
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MAKALAH PERPINDAHAN KALOR
RADIASI TERMAL DAN UNIT PROSES EVAPORASI
KELOMPOK 1
ANNISA LARASATI 1306405761
FITRI AMALIA 1306370581
FITRIA NUR HAYATI 1306370663
JEREMIA JAN C 1306414223
R. MUHAMMAD FATHI 1306449290
SEVA JUNEVA R 1206241552
DEPARTEMEN TEKNIK KIMIA
FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA
DEPOK, MEI 2014
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KATA PENGANTAR
Pu ! "#u$u% &'(u)!" &*( *+$*( $'&*,* Tu-*( Y*( M*-* E"* $*%'(* $*/!
!"* /'(#')'"*!$*( /*$*)*- !(! ,'( *( *!$ ,*( +'&*+ &*,* *$+u(#*. A+*"
%*-/*+ N#* &'(u)!" ,*&*+ /'(#*/&*!$*( * *"*((#* ,*( " )u"! +'%-*,*&
&'%/*"*)*-*( ,*( &'%-!+u( *( $'&*,* &'/ * *.
U *&*( +'%!/* $*"!- u * +!,*$ )u&* &'(u)!" &*( *+$*( $'&*,* %*( +u*
"*-* *+ +'/*( +'/*( ,*( &!-*$ &!-*$ )*!( #*( +')*- /'/ *(+u ,*)*/
&'(#')*"*!*( /*$*)*- !(!. T*(&* *(+u*( /'%'$* +u)!"*( !(! +!,*$ *$*( /'( *,!
"'&'%+! #*( "'$*%*( !(!.
M*$*)*- !(! &'(u)!" u*+ u(+u$ &'/ * * * *% &'/ * * ,*&*+ /'('%!/*
!( %/*"! #*( !( !( &'(u)!" "*/&*!$*(. P'(u)!" !( !( &'/ * * ,*&*+ /'(*( $*&
,*( &*-*/ '(*% /'( '(*! &'%/*"*)*-*( &'%&!(,*-*( $*) % ,! $'-!,u&*( $!+*
#*( /'(#*( $u+ &'%&!(,*-*( "' *%* %*,!*"! ,*( u * +'(+*( ' *& %*"!.
*)*u&u( +u)!"*( !(! *u- ,*%! $'"'/&u%(**( (*/u( &'(u)!" !( !(
&'/ * * +'+*& "'+!* ,*)*/ /'/*-*/! ,*( /'('%!/* /*$"u, ,*%! &'(u)!". S'&'%+!
$*+* &'&*+*- :T!,*$ *,* *,!( #*( +*$ %'+*$ ; "'&'%+! !+u &u)* /*$*)*- !(!.
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DAFTAR ISI
=A= I 1
1.1 R*,!*"! T'%/*) 1
1.2 M'$*(!"/' F!"!" R*,!*"! T'%/*) 1
1.3 S! *+ "! *+ R*,!*"! T'%/*) 2
1.4 Hu u( *( A(+*% '(+u$ ,*)*/ R*,!*"! 3
1.5 R*,!*"! &*,* =!,*( S' * *% T*$ ='%-!( * 4
1.6 I(+'("!+*" R*,!*"! 5
1.7 R*,!*"! >*" 5
1.8 R*,!*"! >*" ,'( *( P'%/u$**( 6
1.9 P'%+u$*%*( ?*) % A(+*%* V )u/' >*" ,'( *( P'( u%u( ?')* u 71.10 E *& %*"! 8
1.11 ?'(*!$*( T!+!$ D!,!- 8
1.12 ? ' !"!'( M'(#')u%u- &*,* E *& %*+ % 9
1.13 N'%* * E(+*)&! E *& %*+ % E '$ Tu( *) 10
=A= II 11
2.1 P'%&!(,*-*( ?*) % R*,!*"! 11
2.2.1 N / % 1 11
2.2.2 N / % 2 13
2.2.3 N / % 3 13
2.2 E *& %*"! 18
2.2.4 N / % 4 18
2.2.5 N / % 5 20
=A= III 24
3.1 ?'"!/&u)*( 24
DAFTAR PUSTA?A 25
!!!
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
>*/ *% 1. P'%!"+! * R*,!*"! T'%/*)@@@@@@@@..@@@@@@..@@..1
>*/ *% 2. =' '%*&* Hu u( *( *(+*%* F*$+ % ='(+u$............................................4
>*/ *% 3. J*%!( *( R*,!*"! =!,*( S' * *% T*$ ='%-!( *....................................4
>*/ *% 4. I)u"+%*"! R*,!*"! >*" @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@.5
>*/ *% 5. D!* %*/ Du-%!( ....................................................................................9
>*/ *% 6. N'%* * M*""* ,*( E(+*)&! E *& %*+ %. ................................................10
>*/ *% 7. I)u"+%*"! S *) N / % 1.* . ....................................................................12
>*/ *% 8. I)u"+%*"! S *) N / % 1. . ....................................................................12
>*/ *% 9. I)u"+%*"! S *) N / % 1. . ....................................................................13
>*/ *% 10.I)u"+%*"! S *) N / % 2 . ......................................................................14
>*/ *% 11.E/!"! !+*" *" ?*% (,! $"!,*@@@@@@@@@@..@@@@.16>*/ *% 12. I)u"+%*"! S *) N / % 3 . .....................................................................18
>*/ *% 13.I)u"+%*"! S *) N / % 4 . ......................................................................25
>*/ *% 14. I)u"+%*"! S *) N / % 5 . .....................................................................27
DAFTAR TABEL
N!)*! U/u/ ? ' !"!'( M'(#')u%u- E *& %*+ %....................................................10
!
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BAB I
TEORI DASAR
1.1 Radiasi Te !a"
R*,!*"! *,*)*- &*( *%*( '('% ! /')*)u! "u*+u /*+'%! *+*u %u*( ,*)*/
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?' '&*+*( *-*#* !(! "*/* ,'( *( -*"!) &'%$*)!*( &*( *( ') / *( ,'( *(
%'$u'("! %*,!*"! .
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: photon gas ; #*( ,*&*+ /'( *)!% ,*( "*+u +'/&*+ $' +'/&*+ #*( )*!(. D'( *(
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/*$* '('% ! + +*) #*( ,!&*( *%$*( "' *(,!( ,'( *( &*( $*+ '/&*+ "u-u
* " )u+
4T E b σ = @ 5
,'( *( *,*)*- $ ("+*(+* S+' *( = )+ /*(( #*( (!)*!(#* 5 669B10 8 / 2.? 4
1.% Si&a'(si&a' Radiasi Te !a"
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,!+'%u"$*( +%*("/!"! . F%*$"! #*( ,!&*(+u)$*( $!+* (*/*$*( %' )'$+! !+*"
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,! /*(* $'+! *(#* /'/&'( *%u-! "! *+ "! *+ %*,!*"! "' * *! '%!$u+
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'(,* !+u "'(,!%! -!+*/ $')* u *+*u &u+!- .
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%' )'$"! #*( ,*&*+ ,!*/*+! *,*)*- %' )'$"! "&'$u)*% ,*( %' )'$"! *u%. P*,*
%' )'$"! "&'$u)*% "u,u+ *+u- "*/* ,'( *( "u,u+ &*(+u) %*,!*"!. D*( &*,*
%' )'$"! *u% %*,!*"! #*( *+u- +'%"' *% /'%*+* $' "' *)* *%*-.
%. T a$s!isi. R*,!*"! #*( *+u- *$*( ,!+'%u"$*( )'- *-*( *%*( "u*+u
'(,* /*/&u /'('%u"$*( %*,!*"! !*"*(#* ,!"'%*& .
Ga!)a 1. Pe is'i a Radiasi Te !a"
(Sumber: Holman, 2010, halaman 267)
S',*( $*( '"*% %*,!*"! !"* ,!(#*+*$*( ,*)*/
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1. Da-a e!isi, E , #*$(! '('% ! #*( ,!&*( *%$*( "u*+u '(,* &'% "*+u*( )u*"
*$+u. J!$* +'%,*&*+ "u*+u '(,* -!+*/ "'/&u%(* ,*)*/ $'*,**( *$u/
/*$* )*/* $')*/**( "u-u '(,* +'%"' u+ *$*( +u%u( ,*( "*/* ,'( *(
"u-u )!( $u( *( *$! *+ ,*%! &'%/u$**( #*( /'/*( *%$*( '/!"! %*,!*"!
+'%/*) "*/&*! &*,* "u*+u "**+ $'*,**( "'+!/ *( . P*,* "**+ !(! '%)*$u
-u u( *(
,! /*(* A *,*)*- )u*" &'%/u$**( q *,*)*- )u$" %*,!*"! ,*)*/ / 2
2. E!isi i'as, , #*$(! &'% *(,!( *( '/!"! "u*+u '(,* ,'( *( ,*#* '/!"!
'(,* -!+*/ &*,* "u-u "*/*. S' *%* /*+'/*+!" &'%(#*+**( !(! ,!+u)!"$*("' * *!
,'( *( E ,*( E b *,*)*- ,*#* '/!"! '(,* ,*( '(,* -!+*/.
1.4 H/)/$ a$ A$'a )e$'/# da"a! Radiasi
R*,!*"! + +*) *(+*%&'%/u$**( "*( *+ ,!&'( *%u-! )'- '(+u$ ,*( *%*-
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/'( ')*"$*( &'% ',**( %*,!*"! + +*) #*( +'% *,! ,! *(+*%* &'%/u$**( #*(
'% ',* '(+u$ *+*u *%*- !(+'%*$"!(#*.
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F*$+ % '(+u$(#* ,!(#*+*$*( "' * *! '%!$u+
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'(+u$(#*
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?*"u" ,
U(+u$ &'%/u$**( #*( "*)!( &*%*)') '%-*,*&*( *$+ % '(+u$(#*
D!/*(*
Su$u "u$u ? ,!,' !(!"!$*( "' * *!
,*(
(Sumber: Holman, 2010, halaman 267
1. Radiasi +ada Bida$ Se a a Ta# Be 3i$ a
=!)* ,u* !,*( "' * *% +*$ -!( * ,'( *( A 1 ,*( A 2 "*/* ,*( *$+ % '(+u$
%*,!*"! *,*)*- "*+u $*%'(* "'/u* %*,!*"! #*( /'(!( *)$*( !,*( "*+u *$*(
4
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/'( *&*! !,*( #*( )*!((#*. J*%!( *( %*,!*"!(#* ,*&*+ ,! */ *%$*( "' * *!
'%!$u+
Ga!)a %. a i$ a$ Radiasi Bida$ Se a a Ta# Be 3i$ a
Sumber: Holman, !"#" 1$$7
D'( *( /'/ u*+ A 1 A 2 A ,*( F 1 2 1 &'%"*/**( &'%&!(,*-*( &*(*"(#* &'%
"*+u*( )u*" *,*)*-
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R*,!*"! '(,* *,*)*- %*,!*"! ')'$+% /* ('+!$ #*( ,!&*( *%$*( )'- "u*+u
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&*,* +'/&'%*+u% #*( *$*( '% '"'% $' *%*- &*( *( ') / *( &'(,'$ "'!%!(,'( *( /'(!( $*+(#* +'/&'%*+u%. P*,* +*-u( 1879 "' %*( *-)! !"!$* ,*%!
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,*%! %*,!*"! '(,* &*(*". I* /'('/u$*( *- * ,*#* + +*) &'% "*+u*( )u*" #*(
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>*/ *% 4 . I"/s' asi adiasias. S/!)e 6 H*"!a$, 2010
1.7 Radiasi Gas
R*,!*"! *" /'%u&*$*( %*,!*"! #*( +'% *,!
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'%*%+!. S'"u*! ,'( *( */ *% 4 "' u*- '%$*"
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28
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1.8 Radiasi Gas de$ a$ Pe !/#aa$
P'%+u$*%*( ?*) % R*,!*"! A(+*%* V )u/' >*" ,'( *( P'( u%u( H!+*/
J!$* "u*+u *" ,'( *( "u-u * *) T #*( '%*,* ,! ,*)*/ "u*+u &'%/u$**( -!+*/
+'%$u%u( #*( /'/!)!$! "u-u T /*$* * " %&"! '('% ! #*( ,!&*( *%$*(
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P'%&!(,*-*( $*) % ('++ *,*)*- ,*%! *" $' &'%/u$**( &'( u%u( /*$*
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D'( *( *%* #*( "*/* &'%"*/**( u(+u$ !%*,!*"! &*,* &'%/u$**( 2 *,*)*-
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1.10 E a+* asi
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*+*u /'/'$*+$*( "u*+u )*%u+*( #*( +'%,!%! ,*%! *+ +'%)*%u+ #*(non olat le ,*(
&')*%u+ #*( olat le. E *& %*"! ,!)*$"*(*$*( ,'( *( /'( u*&$*( "' * !*( ,*%!
&')*%u+ "'-!( * ,!,*&*+$*( )*%u+*( *+ *!% &'$*+ #*( $ ("'(+%*"!(#* )' !-
+!( !.
1.11 Ke$ai#a$ Ti'i# Didi3
J!$* *!% *$*( ,!,!,!-$*( &*,* ' *& %*+ % ,! * *- +'$*(*( +'%+'(+u /*$*
+'/&'%*+u% *!% ,*&*+ ,!+'(+u$*( ,*%! "+'*/ +* )' ,*( &'% ',**( +'/&'%*+u% OT
,*&*+ ,!-!+u( . T'+*&! &*,* +'$*(*( #*( "*/* "u*+u )*%u+*( /'/&u(#*! +!+!$
,!,!- )' !- '"*% $*%'(* *,*(#* *+ +'%)*%u+. P'% ',**( *(+*%* +!+!$ ,!,!- )*%u+*(
,*( +!+!$ ,!,!- *!% *,*)*- =PR. =PR *,*)*- $'(*!$*( +!+!$ ,!,!- "u*+u )*%u+*(
+'%-*,*& +!+!$ ,!,!- &')*%u+ !*"*(#* *!% /u%(!. ?'(*!$*( !(! +'% *,! *$! *+
*,*(#* *+ #*( +'%)*%u+ ,*)*/ )*%u+*( +'%"' u+. T'$*(*( u*& $' *(#*$*( )*%u+*(
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