Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
-
Upload
iga-amanda -
Category
Documents
-
view
233 -
download
0
Transcript of Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 1/47
LAPORAN KASUS
Seorang Pria Dengan Nyeri Dada Saat Bermain Bola
KELOMPOK VIII
030.09.133 LADY DIANA
030.09.135 LAKSMI PUTRI AYUKINANTI
030.09.137 LUSIANA JEANNETTE C
030.09.139 M. AGUNG SANTARA
030.09.141 MALVIN GIOVANNI
030.09.143 MARGO SEBASTIAN CHANDRA
030.09.147 MAYA LIANA
030.09.149 MELIA INDASARI
030.09.151 MELLY UTAMI
030.09.152 MEUTIA MAIRA RINDRA
030.09.153 MICHAEL !ONG
030.09.155 MOCHAMMAD RIKI MAULANA
030.09.157 MONICA RAHARJO
FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS TRISAKTI
JAKARTA
! Mei "##
0
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 2/47
BAB I
PENDA$ULUAN
N"#$% &'&' (#$)*'+', -)') ,"#$% "',/ &%$'-'+', &% -#*',',/ )) (','*),
','$' ##$ &', '&(#,. N"#$% &'&' (#$)*'+', /#'' *#,"'+% "',/ &'*' (#(#$%+',
',"'+ %,#*$#'-% &%'/,-%- *#,"'+%. P#,"'+% "',/ &'*' (#,"#'+', ,"#$% &'&' ',$'
'%, &'*' &%-#''+', +'$#,' *#,"#' 6'$&%'-6)'$ -#*#$% ',/%,' *#6$%- '$'
-#,-%- &', '%,8'%,. P#,"#' &'$% *'$)8*'$) -#*#$% *,#)($' *#,"#'
/'-$%,#-%,' -#*#$% -*'-(# #-:'/)- *#,"#' ,#)$()-+)'$ -#*#$% T%#;#<- -",&$(#
:'+$ *-%+/#,%+ )/' &'*' (#,"#'+', '&',"' ,"#$% &'&'.
P'&' +'-)- %,% ,"#$% &'&' &%%+)% &#,/', *#,''$', +# '/%', )) '%, "'%)
#,/', +%$% ##$ &', '/%', $'',/. P'&' )()(,"' +#'&'', %,% &'*' (#,/'$'+', *'&'
&%'/,-%- '&',"' ',/%,' *#6$%-. U,)+ (#,#,)+', *#,"#' #*',"' ('-% &%*#$)+',
#$'/'% *#(#$%+-'', "',/ &'*' (#(',) (#,#/'++', &%'/,-%- "',/ #*' ),)+
*#,'''+-','', *'-%#,.
A,/%,' *#6$%- -#,&%$% (#$)*'+', -)') /#'' *#,"'+% &'&' "',/ &%-#'+',
'&',"' +#%&'+-#%(',/', ','$' *'-+', +-%/#, &#,/', +#))', +-%/#, "',/ &%''(%
',),/. A*'%' +#'&'', %,% &%#$)-+', ('+' ',),/ &'*' (#,/''(% %-+#(% &', '+',
(#(#$%+', $',/-',/ ,"#$% +# *#)- 6$%'6)- &'$% /',/%, 6#$%6'%- &', $),6)-
-%(*'%6)-. A,/%,' *#6$%- %,% )/' '$)- &%#$%+', *#,'''+-','', "',/ #*' -#'
##$'*' ' "',/ #+#$' (#$%,/',+', ',/%,' (#(%%+% #:#+ -'(*%,/ (#(*#$#$' ',/%,'
%) -#,&%$%.
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 3/47
BAB II
LAPORAN KASUS
T,. U-(', 45 '), &'',/ +# UGD *'&' -$# '$% +'$#,' ,"#$% &'&' -'' #$('%, '.
S') '( "',/ ') -'' #$('%, # T,. U-(', (#,&'&'+ (#$'-' &'&',"' -'+% -#%,//'
'$)- #$#,% #$('%, '. N"#$% #$'-' &% #,/' &'&' &%),)+', # TN. U-(',
(#,//),'+', #'*'+ ',/',,"'. R'-' -'+% #$'-' )/' +# ##$ ') +%$% #,/', +%$% &',
*),//),/. T%&'+ *#$,' '&' +#)', -'+% &'&' -##)(,"'. R%='"' (#$++ -#'+ '('
+)$',/ #% 1 ),/+)- *#$ '$%. I) T,. U-(', (#,%,//' -'' )()$ 50 '), &%+''+,
+'$#,' -'+% ',),/.
S')- G#,#$'%-
T,. U-(', '(*'+ -',/' +#-'+%', *)6' #$+#$%,/' #'*'+ ',/', (#,#+', *'&'
&'&'.TD 110>70 ((H/ H#'$ $'# 100>(#,%. T%&'+ &"-*,#. J)/)'$ #%, ,$('. S18S2
$#/)'$ /'* ?8@ ()$()$ ?8@. S)'$' ,'*'- #-%6)'$ $,+% ?8@. H#*'(#/'% ?8@. L%#, %&'+
#$''. E&#(' ),/+'% ?8@.
L'$'$%)(
L#+-% 15.000 >(L
LDH 550 )>L
CPK 300 )>L
CKMB 50 )>L
T$*,%, T *-%%:
C#-#$ 230
LDL 17
HDL 35
T$%/%-#$%&' 10
$'+- "',/ &%)' (#,),)+', CTR 45 -#/(#, '$' &', *)(,' ,$('. T%&'+ '&'
',&'8',&' #,&),/',.
D#,/', '-% EKG -#'/'% #$%+)
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 4/47
A,&' (#(#$%+', '''+-',' '=' -#'/'% #$%+)
T%$' '$%,/ $'=' &% ICCU. A+-#-
%,$'#,'
O2 2 L>(#,% ,'-' +',)
D%# 6'%$ 1700 K'
A-*%$%, +),"' 320(/ &%',)+', '#
110(/ *.6
B%-*$ 15(/
S%('-'%, 120(/
%$%,%%+ &#,/', -$#*+%,'-# 1.5 )'
),% IV &''( 1 '(
I--$%& &%,%$' 5(/ -)%,/)' %'
,"#$% &'&'
D)' '( -##' &%'+)+', *#,/'', '=' *'-%#, %',/ +#-#&'$', &', (,%$ EKG,"'
(#,),)+', /'('$', -#*#$% #$%+)
J#'-+', ('+,' &', *#,'''+-','', "',/ '+', ',&' '+)+',
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 5/47
BAB III
PEMBA$ASAN KASUS
A% Identita& 'a&ien
I&#,%'- *#,%,/ ),)+ &%+#')% ),)+ (#,/#')% ''$ #'+',/ +#%&)', *'-%#,
"',/ &'*' (#$)*'+', -'' -') #%/% *#,"'+% "',/ &% &#$%' *'-%#,. P'&' *'-%#, %,%
%&#,%'- *'-%#, '&''
• N'(' T,. U-(',
• J#,%- +#'(%, L'+%8 '+%
• U-%' 45 '),
• P#+#$'', 8• A'(' 8
B% Ma&ala( 'a&ien
P'&' +'-)- %,% ('-'' "',/ &%''(% *'-%#, %,% '&''
'. N"#$% (#,&'&'+ 1 '( "',/ ') -'' #$('%, '
. N"#$% (#,''$ +# ##$ ') +%$% #,/', +%$% &', *),//),/
N"#$% *'&' '/%', &'&' *'&' )()(,"' &'*' &%#&'+', (#,'&% &)' "'%)
'. C'$&%/#,%+ &#,/', *#(#$%', ,%$/%-#$%, ,"#$% &'&' #$+)$',/.
. N,86'$&%/#,%+ ,"#$% &'&' %&'+ #$+)$',/ &#,/', *#(#$%', ,%$/%-#$%,.
C,,"' %'' -"-#( GI8T$'6 ?$#:) #-*'/)- )+)- *#*%+)( +#6)'%
-*'-(# #-*'/)- +'$#,' ,"#$% #$+)$',/ &#,/', *#(#$%', ,%$/%-#$%,@
*-%+/#,%+ *)(,' ,#)$()-6)-+##'
1. K#)', )'('
8 N"#$% &'&' -'' #$('%, ' 6'$&%'6 )*) (#,%,/+' ),)+ (#(#,)%
+#))', (#'%-(# -#%,//' +#$' ',),/ (#,%,/+'
2. K#)', '('',
8 N"#$% #$'-' &% #,/' &'&' +#)', (#,/'6) *'&' #'+ ','(% ',),/
8 R'-' -'+% #$'-' )/' +# ##$ ') +%$% #,/', +%$% &', *),//),/ &'*'
&%-#'+', # *#$-'$':', -%(*'%- ?T11 L283@ &'$% *#+-)- $'6%'%- +# -%-%
),'$ &'$% '$% +#%,/+%,/ +%$%.
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 6/47
)% $i'ote&i&
B#$&'-'$+', ('-'' "',/ &%''(% *'-%#, ('+' &'*' +#(),/+%,',8+#(),/+%,',
*#,"'+%
1. A,/%,' *#6$%-
A,/%,' *#6$%- (#$)*'+', /#'' *#,"'+% &'&' "',/ &%-#'+', '&',"'
+#%&'+-#%(',/', ','$' *'-+', +-%/#, &#,/', +#))', +-%/#, "',/ &%''(%
',),/. N"#$% "',/ &%$'-'+', %'-',"' (#$)*'+', ,"#$% )(*) -#%,//' *'-%#,
%&'+ &'*' (#,),)++', #'+ *'-% &'$% ,"#$% )()(,"' *'-%#, ',"' &'*'
(#,),)++', &#,/', #'*'+ ',/',,"'. P'&' *'-%#, %,% +#(),/+%,', ',/%,'
*#6$%- &'*' &%'(% &'$%
'. A&',"' ,"#$% *'&' &'&'
. N"#$% &%$'-'+', -'' (#'+)+', '+%%'-
2. P,#)($'
M#)*'+', ,"#$% &% $,//' $' "',/ &% -#'+', '&',"' )&'$' &% $,//' *#)$'.
P'&' )()(,"' ,"#$% "',/ &%$'-'+', '&'' ,"#$% "',/ ''( -#*#$% #$-'"'
-#%,//' *'-%#, &'*' (#,),)+ &#,/', '$% #),)+ #'+ ,"#$%,"'. P'&' *'-%#,
%,% +#(),/+%,', *,#)($' &'*' &%-#'+', +'$#,' +#(),/+%,', #$'&%,"'
$')(' *'&' *'-%#, -#' 6$,"' *#)$' %,% )/' &'*' &%-#'+', +'$#,'
$')(' "',/ &%''(% -#-#$',/ *'&' '/%', &'&'.1
3. S*'-(# #-*:'/)-
M#)*'+', -)') +#'&'', &%(',' +#$' #-:'/)- (#,'&% %&'+ #$+$&%,'-% %&'+
#$')$ &', +'&',/8+'&',/ (#,'&% -',/' +)'. H' %,% &'*' (#,%()+',
('+',', %&'+ &'*' (#,6'*'% '(),/ &', (#,'&% #$-',/+) &% #-:'/)-.
T#$-',/+),"' ('+',', %,% &'*' (#,"#'+', '&',"' ,"#$% &'&' "',/ (#,"#)*'%
,"#$% &'&' +'$#,' 6'$&%'-6)'$ "'%) ,"#$% "',/ )(*). S#'%, %) *'&' -*'-(#
#-:'/)- )/' &'*' #$'&% *#,"#'$', +# &'#$' ##$ ') #,/', &', $'',/.
4. P#$%+'$&%%-
M#$)*'+', -)') *#$'&',/', *#$%6'$&%)( &#,/', (',%:#-'-% '&',"' *#,)(*)+',
6'%$', &% $,//' *#$%6'$&%)(. N"#$% %'-',"' '+', &%$'-'+', -#'/'% ,"#$% ''(
"',/ #$'&' &% -##' +%$% &'&'. U()(,"' ,"#$% '+', #$'(' '*'%' *'-%#,
#$,':'- ')+ &', (#,#',.2
5. D%-#+-% '$'
D%-#+-% '$' (#$)*'+', ,"#$% &'&' "',/ (#,&'&'+ ','$' F 1 (#,% '') '('
-'(*'% 1 '$%. P'&' )()(,"' ,"#$% "',/ &%$'-'+', (#$)*'+', ,"#$% &'&' "',/
''( &', &%-#$'% *'*%'-% &', ,':'- "',/ *#,&#+.
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 7/47
. P#,"'+% J',),/ K$,#$
M#$)*'+', *#,"'+% +'$#,' '&',"' (#,"('', &% '$#$% +$,'$%' "',/
(#,"#'+', #$'(',"' '%$', &'$' (#,)) ',),/ "',/ )/' (#,"#'+',
',),/ +#+)$',/', '-)*', +-%/#, &', &'*' (#,"#'+', '&',"' %-+#(%'
',),/. P'&' +'-)- %,% +#(),/+%,', '&',"' *#,"'+% ',),/ +$,#$ &'*'
&%'(% &'$% '&',"' ,"#$% &'&' &', '&',"' $%='"' (#$++ &', %*#$%*%&#(%'.
D% Anamne&i&
P'&' +'-)- %,% *#$) &%',"'+', ##$'*' ','(,#-%- "',/ &'*' (#,),',/ &%'/,-%-
"',/ #*' *'&' *'-%#, %,% -#*#$%
R%='"' P#,"'+% S#+'$',/ ?RPS@
• A*'+' *'-%#, &'*' (#,),))++', #'+ ,"#$% -#6'$' -*#-%:%+ ?&#,/', '$% #),)+
'') #'*'+ ',/',@
A*'%' *'-%#, &'*' (#,),)++', &#,/', '$% #),)+ #$'$% ,"#$% "',/
&%''(% *'-%#, (#$)*'+', ,"#$% ''( "',/ &'*' (#(#$% +#(),/+%,', '&',"'
*,#)($' '') *#$%6'$&%%- '*'%' (#,),)++', &#,/', #'*'+ ',/',
#$'$% ,"#$% "',/ &%''(% *'-%#, (#$)*'+', ,"#$% )(*) "',/ (#,/'$%+',
'&',"' +#(),/+%,', ',/%,' *#6$%- &', -*'-(# #-:'/)-
• A*'+' ,"#$% "',/ &%$'-'+', *'-%#, (#,''$ +# #(*' '%,
A*'%' (#,''$ #$'$% +#(),/+%,', *'-%#, (#,&#$%' *#,"'+% ',/%,' '')
-*'-(# #-:'/)- ,'(), %' %&'+ #$'$% *'-%#, (#,&#$%' *#$%6'$&%%- &',
*,#)($'
• A*'+' ,"#$% "',/ &%''(% %',/ %() '') #$)- (#,#$)-
A*'%' ,"#$% "',/ &%''(% %',/8%() ('+' +#(),/+%,', *#,"'+%,"'
'&'' ',/%,' *#6$%- ,'(), %+' #$)- (#,)#$)- +#(),/+%',',,"' '&''
*#$%6'$&%%- '') *,#)($'..
• A*'+' *#$'%+', $'-' ,"#$% #$',/-),/ '(' '') -##,'$ A*'%' ,"#$% #$',/-),/ ##$'*' (#,% -'(*'% +)$',/ &'$% 20 (#,%
+#(),/+%,', *'-%#, ?T,. U-(',@ (#,&#$%' ',/%,' *#+$%- -'% ',/%,'
*#+$%- '&'' $'-' ,"#$% "',/ %() +'$#,' %-+#(%' (%+'$&%)( '*'%' ,"#$%
#$',/-),/ #% &'$% 20 (#,% '$)- &%*#$%(',/+', -#'/'% ',/%,' '+ -'%
?),-'# ',/%,' *#6$%- UAP@ -#%,//' &%('-)+', +#&''( -%,&$(' +$,#$
'+) ?'6)# 6$,'$" -",&$(# [email protected]
• B'/'%(',' %,#,-%'- ,"#$% I,#,-%'- ,"#$% "',/ #$'(' %'-',"' #$'&% *'&' ',/%,' '+ -'%
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 8/47
• A*'+' '&' +#)', '%, "',/ &%$'-'+', -#*#$% -#-'+ ,'*'- ()' (),' +#$%,/'
&%,/%,
R%='"' P#,"'+% D')) ?RPD@
• A*'+' *'-%#, (#,&#$%' %*#$#,-%
• A*'+' *'-%#, (#,&#$%' &%'##- (#%)- ?DM@
• A*'+' *'-%#, (#,&#$%' %*#$+#-#$#(%' H%*#$#,-% DM &', %*#$+#-#$#(%' (#$)*'+', :'+$ $#-%+ &'$% *#,"'+%
',),/ +$,#$ ?PJK@
R%='"' K#%'-'', ?RK@
•A*'+' *'-%#, -#$%,/ (#,/+,-)(-% '+
• A*'+' *'-%#, -#$%,/ (#,/+,-)(-% ('+',', #$(%,"'+>#$#('+ M#,/+,-)(-% ('+',', #$(%,"'+> #$#('+ )/' (#$)*'+', -'' -') :'+$
$#-%+ &'$% %(),"' PJK
R%='"' P#,"'+% K#)'$/' ?RPK@
• A*'+' '&' $%='"' +#)'$/' "',/ (#,&#$%' PJK *$#(')$ R%='"' +#)'$/' PJK *$#(')$ "'%) F45 '), *'&' *$%' &', F55 '), *'&'
=',%' )/' (#$)*'+', -'' -') :'+$ $#-%+ &'$% %(),"' PJK ?*#,"'+%
',),/ +$,#$@.
E% Pemeri*&aan Fi&i*
P#(#$%+-'', :%-%+ *'&' /#'' -'+% &'&' )()(,"' (#%*)%
1. T',&' %'
• S))
• D#,") ,'&%
• T#+',', &'$'
• P#$,':'-',
2. K#'&'', )()(
• K#-', -'+%
• K#'&'', /%;%
• T%,/+' +#-'&'$',
• !'$,' +)%
• H'%)-> *-)$ ))
• C'$' #$'',> #$'$%,/> &)&)+
• A&'> %&'+,"' &"-*,#' #&#(' &#"&$'-% +#',/ &
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 9/47
3. K)%
4. K#*'' &', =''
5. L##$ #,' )/)'$%- ##$,'
. T$'+- *'$)8 *'$) ',),/
7. A&(#, &', %-6#$' #*'$ #-%6' :##' %#, $#, #-%6' )$%,'$%' )-)-
. E$#(%'- ''- &', '='
In&'e*&i dan 'al'a&i
M#,/%,&#,%:%+'-% %(*)- '*%+'. P'-%#, #$'$%,/ (%$%,/ +# '$' +%$%.
D%'(##$
P#,%,/+'', &%'(##$ '(*%)& &', &)$'-% *'&' &%''-% #,$%+# +%$% +'$#,'
/'/' ',),/ +,/#-%: '') +'$&%(%*'% %-+#(%+.
A(*%)&8 %'-',"' -#*#$% +#)+',
T#$)-8 (#,#$)- *'&' %*#$$:% #,$%+# +%$% (#,"#'$ *'&' /'/' ',),/ +,/#-%:
D)$'-%
8 R'' %(*)- #,$%+# +',', *'&' *'$'-#$,)( +%$% &', '$#' #*%/'-$%+
K)',"' %(*)- &%&)/' *#(#-'$', #,$%+# +',',
8 P'*'-% %,#$+-' +',', &', +%$% &#+' &#,/', -#$,)(. C'' '&',"' $% *'&'
'$#' %,%
P)-'-% *#()) &'$' #-'$ ),"% ',),/ 2 "',/ (#,, $% *'&' -#$,-%-
'$' '') *)(,'
Per*+&i
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 10/47
P'&' )()(,"' *#(#$%+-'', *#$+)-% &%'+)+', ),)+ (#,#,)+', ''-8 ''- ',),/
A+&*+lta&i
D#,/'$+', ',),/ ),)+ (#,/#')% ),"% ',),/ &#,/', -#-+* *'&' '$#'4
1. S#' %/' 2 +',', %,#' -#$,'%-
2. S#' %/' 2 +%$% %,#' -#$,'%-
3. S#' %/' 58 +',', %,#' -#$,'%-
4. S#' %/' 5 +%$% (#&%' %,#' (%&6'%6)'$%-
Tem+an Kem+ng*inan 'enye,a,
P#,%,/+'', ),"% S1 T'+%+'$&%' +#'&'', 6)$' ',),/ "',/
%,//% -#$,-%- (%$'
P#,)$),', ),"% S1 B+ ',),/ &#$'' -') *#,)$),',
+,$'+%%'- #,$%+# +%$% +')* (%$'
%(% -#*#$% *'&' $#/)$/%'-% (%$'
K%+ -%-%+ P$'*- +')* (%$'
P#,%,/+'', ),"% S2 *'&' ','$ %/' +#
2 +',',
H%*#$#,-% -%-#(%+ &%''-% $'&%+- '$%+
B),"% S2 (#,)$), '') %&'+ #$&#,/'$
*'&' ','$ %/' +# 2 +',',
K')* (%$' %(% -#*#$% *'&' -#$,-%-
'$' +'-%:%+
P#,%,/+'', P2 H%*#$#,-% *)(,' '$#$% *)(,' &%''-%
&#:#+ -#*)( '$%)(
P#,%,/+'', P2 (#,)$), '') %&'+
#$&#,/'$
P$-#- *#,)'', -#$,-%- *)(,'
O*#,%,/ -,'* S#$,-%- (%$'
B),"% S3 %-%/%- ?%'-',"' *'&' ','+8 ','+ &',
&#='-' ()&'@ /'/' (%+'$&%' *'/%-
#', )(# #,$%+# -#*#$% *'&'
$#/)$/%'-% (%$'
B),"% -4 P#,/,&%-%', :%-%+ "',/ -',/' '%+ ?'#
"',/ #$'%@ '',', #$'&'* *#,/%-%',
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 11/47
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 12/47
5. H#'$ $'# 100>(#,%
H' %,% (#,),)++', '=' &#,") ',),/ *'-%#, ('-% &''( +#'&'', ,$('
,'(), &''( ''- ''-. H' %,% (#(),/+%,+', ',),/ #)( *#$) #+#$' #%
+#$'- &'$% %'-',"'. J',),/ "',/ #$&#,") #% 6#*' &'$% ,$(' )()(,"' #$'&%
+'$#,' '&',"' +#))', +-%/#, ',),/ "',/ +)$',/ &'$% %'-',"' '') +'$#,'
'&',"' -)('', &% -'' -') *#()) '') +') ',),/ "',/ (#()' ',),/
'$)- #$&#,") #% +#$'- ),)+ #'* (#,&'*'+', +-%/#, "',/ '&#+)'.
. T%&'+ &"-*,#
T%&'+ '&',"' &"-*,# (#,),)++', '=' *'-%#, ('-% &''( +,&%-% "',/ ,$('.
H' %,% (#,/%,&%+'-%+', '=' %&'+ '&',"' /',//)', ',),/ "',/ (#,"#'+',
#$#,&),/,"' &'$' &% *'$)8*'$) -#*#$% -#,-%- '') %,-):%-%#,-% +')8+')
',),/ '') '&',"' /'/' ',),/. H' %,% )/' #$'$% '=' %&'+ '&',"' #:)-%
*#)$' "',/ )/' (#,"#'+', &"-*,#.
. S')- L+'%-''
1. V#,' )/)'$%- ,$('
H' %,% (#,/%,&%+'-%+', '=' %&'+ '&' /',//)', ',),/ +',', "',/ *'&'
)()(,"' (#,%()+', *#(#-'$', *'&' #,' )/)'$%-.
2. S18S2 $#/)'$
H' %,% #$'$% *'-%#, &''( +#'&'', ,$(' &', %&'+ (#,/''(% /',//)', *'&'
+')8+') ',),/.
3. G'* ?8@ &', ()$()$ ?8@
H' %,% (#,),)++', '=' *'-%#, &''( +,&%-% ,$('. T%&'+ '&',"' /'*
(#,),)++', '=' *'-%#, #)( (#,/''(% (*#,-'% 6$&%- -#&',/+',
%&'+ '&',"' ()$()$ (#,',&'+', %&'+ '&',"' '%$', &'$' "',/ (#,'&% )$)#,
"',/ %'-',"' #$'&% *'&' -#,-%- +') $#/)$/%'-% &'$' %,-):%-%#,-% +') '')
'%$', &'$' 6#*' *'&' %*#$%$%&%-(# ',#(%' &', #$%8#$%.
4. R,+% ?8@
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 13/47
H' %,% (#,),)++', *'-%#, &''( +#'&'', ,$(' &', %&'+ &''( +#'&'', '&',"'
6'%$', &% &''( )(#, $,+)- "',/ %'-',"' #$'&% *'&' #(:%-#(' #:)-% *#)$'
'') *,#)($'.
5. H#*'(#/'% ?8@
H' %,% (#,),)++', '=' *'-%#, &''( +#'&'', ,$('. T%&'+ '&',"'
#*'(#/'% &'*' #$'$% '=' *'-%#, %&'+ (#(%%+% +#'%,', #*'$ '') ',),/
+',', "',/ %'-',"' (#,"#'+', $#/)$/%'-% '%$', &'$' +# *#$%:#$.
. L%#, ?8@
T%&'+ #$'',"' %#, (#,/'$%+', '=' *'-%#, &''( +,&%-% ,$('. T#$'',"'
%#, %'-',"' #$'&% *'&' +#'&'', %,:#+-%
7. E&#(' ),/+'% ?8@
T%&'+ &%#()+',,"' #&#(' ),/+'% (#,/%,&%+'-%+', '=' *'-%#, &''( +#'&'',
,$('. H' %,% (#,/%,&%+'-%+', *'-%#, %&'+ (#,/''(% +#'%,', *'&' ',),/
+',', /'/' /%,' '') $')(' &% -#+%'$ ),/+'%.
F% Pemeri*&aan La,oratori+m
P#(#$%+-'', N%'% N$(' H'-% P#(#$%+-'', K##$',/',
L#)+-% 5.000811.000>( 15.000>( M#,%,/+'
LDH 1158221 )> 550 )> M#,%,/+'
CPK 58100 )> 300 )> M#,%,/+'
CKMB F 24 )> 50 )> M#,%,/+'
T$*,%, T 8 P-%%:
C#-#$ F200 230 M#,%,/+'
LDL F100 17 M#,%,/+'
HDL 4080 35 M#,)$),
T$%/%-#$%&' 308200 10 N$('
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 14/47
• Le+*o&ito&i&
T#$'&%,"' *#,%,/+'', #)+-% ##$'*' '( -##' -#$',/', '+). D#$''
#)+-%-%- %,% #$/',),/ &'$% )'- '') %&'+,"' %,:'$+.
P#,%,/+'', #)+-%-%- %'-',"' #$'$% '&',"' %,:#+-% '') *'&' %-+#(%+ '+) "',/
%'-',"' (#,#'* -'(*'% 387 '$%.• LD$ -La.tate De(ydrogena&e/
LDH (#$)*'+', #,;%( "',/ #$&'*' &''( '(*#$ -#()' '$%,/', )).
P#,%,/+'', -#$)( #$'&% %+' #$&'*' +#$)-'+',>+#6$', -#.
8 LDH1 LDH2 J',),/ #$%$-%
8 LDH3 P'$) %(*' *',+$#'- *'-#,'
8 LDH4 LDH5 O $',/+' '%
P'&' M"6'$& I,:#6%,
8 LDH (#,#'* #% '(' &''( -#$)( &'$%*'&' CK
8 N%'% %,//% #$'&% 3855 '( -##' MCI
8 P#,%,/+'', LDH1 LDH2
• )reatinine Kina&e -)K/
M#$)*'+', -)') #,;%( "',/ &%'-%+', #$'/'% '$%,/', &', -#. CK )/' &%+#,'
-#'/'% CPK ?6$'%,%, *-*+%,'-#@. K,-#,$'-% #$%,//% #$&'*' *'&' ',),/
&', $',/+'. A&' 3 #,%- CK
8 MM O $',/+' ',),/
8 BB O'+ /'-$%,#-%,' $'6 /#,%)$%,'$" $'6
8 MB O ',),/
P#,%,/+'',,"' #$'$% '&',"' ("6'$& %,:'$6%, /'/' /%,' '+) $'&("#-%-
&', &%-$:% .• Tro'onin T
M#$)*'+', -'' -') #,;%( 6'$&%'6 $*,%, "',/ #$&'*' &''( ("6'$&%)(. P'&'
)()(,"' $*,%, T ('-% +)$',/ *-%%: &%',&%,/ &#,/', $*,%, I ,'(),
(#(%%+% -#,-%%:%'- "',/ #% %,//% -#%,//' ',"'+ &%*'+'%. K#$)-'+', (%+'$&
"',/ %&'+ #$') )'- '+', (#,%,/+'+', #,;%( %,% &''( -#$)( 183 '( -##'
-#$',/',.
P#,%,/+'', T$*,%, T
8 I,:'$+ M%+'$& A+)
8 P#$%-)$/%6' MCI
8 U,-'# A,/%,'
8 M"6'$&%%-
8 K#'%,', )+', ',),/
o C$,%6 R#,' '%)$#
o T$')(' '+) "',/ (#,/#,'%
o R'&("%-%- *"("-%%- &#$('("-%%-
• )(ole&terol
P#,%,/+'', +'&'$ +#-#$ #$'$% #$&'*' *#,)(*)+', +#-#$ #'- *'&'
*'-%#,. D''( ' %,% *'-%#, (#,'&% #$',6'( '+', (#,&#$%' '#$-+#$-%- '*'%'+#-#$ %&'+ &'*' &%+#' &#,/', '%+.
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 15/47
• LDL
LDL '') "',/ %'-' &%-#) +#-#$ '' '&'' +#-#$ "',/ &'*' (#(%6)
*#(#,)+', '#$-6#$-%-.
• $DL
HDL '') "',/ %'-' &%-#) +#-#$ '%+ '&'' +#-#$ "',/ &'*' (#,6#/'#$'&%,"' *#(#,)+', '#$-6#$-%-.
0% Pemeri*&aan Pen+n1ang#% Pemeri*&aan 2oto t(ora3
8 )TR 4 567 889 Normal
D'$% /'('$', CTR ? C'$&% T$' R'#@ &'*' &%%' '*'+' ',),/ &''(
+#'&'', ,$(' '') %&'+. N%'% ,$(',"' '&'' +)$',/ '') -'(' &#,/', 50.
J%+' #% &'$% 50 #$'$% ',),/ (#,/''(% *#(#-'$',.
8 Segmen Aorta dan P+lmonal 889 NormalH' %,% #$'$% *'-%#, %&'+ (#,/''(% +#'%,', *'&' +') ',),/ "',/ (#,/'$'
+# *'$)8*'$).
8 Tida* ada tanda8tanda ,end+ngan
H' %,% )/' (#,/%,&%+'-%+', #,&),/', 6'%$', )+',' *#,"#' &'$% ,"#$% &'&'
"',/ &'*' (#,/'$%+', *)' %&'+ '&',"' +#'%,', *'&' +##(*' +') ',),/.
D'$% '-% $'&%/% #$-#) &%-%(*)+', '=' *'-%#, #)( (#,/''(% /'/'
',),/. S#'/'%(',' "',/ +%' ') /'/' ',),/ '&'' #$(%,' &'$% -#)$) *#,"'+% ',),/.
2. P#(#$%+-'', EKG
H'-% *#(#$%+-'', EKG *'&' *'-%#, %,% '&'' -#'/'% #$%+)
Tiga Sandapan Standar
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 16/47
1. S',&'*', I
− $#+)#,-% ?,%'% ,$(' 08100>(#,%@ I,#$' R8R )(',"' %'' 13
+'+ +#6% '&% :$#+)#,-%,"' %'' 1500 &%'/% 13 "'%) 115>(#,% &%(','
#$('-)+ ta*i*ardi.
− I$'(' -%,)- N$(' +'$#,' /#(',/ P &%%+)% # +(*#+- RS
+#()&%', &%%+)% # /#(',/ T.− G#(',/ P G#(',/ P (#,',&'+', &#*'$%-'-% '$%)(. A(*%)&,"'
1(V ('-% ,$(' &#,/', &)$'-%,"' 004 &#%+ )/' ('-% ,$('
(#,',&'+', '=' '$%)( ('-% ,$('.
− I,#$' PR I,#$' PR (#,//'('$+', ='+) ()'% '=' &#*'$%-'-%
'$%)( -'(*'% '=' &#*'$%-'-% #,$%+#. D%-%,% %,#$' PR 012 &#%+ %''
,$('.
− G#(',/ G#(',/ (#,',&'+', &#*'$%-'-% -#*)( %,#$#,$%+#
&'$% +',', +# +%$% "',/ #$%' *'&' -',&'*', I 'VL V5 &', V. D%-%,%'(*%)&,"' 01(V -#%,//' ('-% ,$('. G#(',/ "',/ *'/%-
(#,',&'+', '&',"' %,:'$+ (%+'$&. G#(',/ "',/ *'/%- '')
/#(',/ -%/,%:%+', #% )'- &', #% &''( +$%#$%',"' %''
'. D)$'-% /#(',/ '$)- #% #-'$ &'$% 004 &#%+
. K#&''(', /#(',/ -#+)$',/8+)$',/,"' '$)- -#*#$%/' %,//%
/#(',/ R *'&' +(*#+- RS "',/ -'('
− I,#$' RS K(*#+- RS (#,',&'+', &#*'$%-'-% #,$%+# -#%,//'
%,#$' RS (#$)*'+', *#,/)+)$', #$'&'* ='+) &#*'$%-'-% #,$%+#.D%-%,% %,#$' RS 004 &#%+ %'' ,$('. I,#$' RS "',/ (##%% ,%'%
,$(' ?,%'% ,$(' 00801 &#%+@ (#,',&'+', '&',"' %*#$$:% #,$%+#.
− S#/(#, ST S#/(#, ST (#,//'('$+', ='+) ()'% '+%$ &#*'$%-'-%
#,$%+# -'(*'% '=' $#*'$%-'-% #,$%+#. D%-%,% #$&'*' de're&i &egmen
ST "',/ &'*' #$'&% *'&' ',/%,' %*%+' '') *'&' %,:'$+ /#(',/ ,,8.
D#*$#-% &'$% -#/(#, ST )/' %-' %() *'&' -',&'*', I %' -',&'*', "',/
#$'=',', ') &#,/', -',&'*', I ?"'%) -',&'*', 'VR (#,/''(% ##'-%
-#/(#, ST@ %,% &%-#) -#'/'% *#$)'', $#-%*$+'.
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 17/47
− G#(',/ T A$' /#(',/ T )()(,"' (#,/%+)% +(*#+- RS &',
(#,',&'+', $#*'$%-'-% &'$% #,$%+#. A(*%)& /#(',/ T &%-%,% %''
-#*#$%/' /#(',/ R -##)(,"' -#%,//' ('-% ,$('. P'&' '=' %,:'$+
/#(',/ T '+', (#,%,//% &', (#,"#(*% ?(#(),6'+> peaking @ &%(','&%-#) -#'/'% /#(',/ T %*#$'+). B##$'*' '( +#()&%', /#(',/
T '+', (#,/''(% %,#$-%. P#$)'', *'&' /#(',/ T ?T %*#$'+) '') T
%,#$-%@ (#,//'('$+', %-+#(%' (%+'$&%)( "'%) +)$',/,"' '%$', &'$' +#
(%+'$&%)(.
− I,#$' T I,#$' T (#,/)+)$ ='+) &'$% '=' &#*'$%-'-% #,$%+#
%,//' '+%$ $#*'$%-'-% #,$%+#. N$(',"' %,#$' T (#,")-), 40
&'$% %,#$' RR. D%-%,% %,#$' T 044 &#%+ ?,%'% ,$(' '+%8'+% 042
&#%+@ ('+' %,#$' :T meman1ang.
− A%- #+$ ',),/ A%- ',),/ &%#,)+', # -',&'*', I &', -',&'*',
IIIS',&'*', I R 3
S 82 1
S',&'*', III R 13
S 5 1
S#-)'% &#,/', 6'$' %),/ /&(',, '%- ',),/ %'' 9 ?*',' (#$'@
"'%) ('-% ,$(' &%(',' ,%'% ,$(' '%- ',),/ %'' &%','$' 830 -'(*'%
110. A%- "',/ ,$(' (#,',&'+', '=' %&'+ '&' %*#$$:% &'$% $)',/
',),/.
2. S',&'*', II
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 18/47
− $#+)#,-% I,#$' R8R %'' 14 +'+ +#6% -#%,//' :$#+)#,-%,"' %'' 1500
&%'/% 14 "'%) 107>(#,% "',/ (#,),)+', ta*i*ardi.− I$'(' -%,)- I$'(' -%,)- ,$(' &%(',' #$&'*' /#(',/ P &%%+)%
+(*#+- RS &', /#(',/ T.− G#(',/ P A(*%)& /#(',/ P "',/ #$%' %'' 2(V &%-#$'%
&#,/', &)$'-% 012 &#%+ "'%) ('-% &''( ''- ,$('.− I,#$' PR D%-%,% #$%' %,#$' PR %'' 012 &#%+ ('-% &''( ''-
,$('.− G#(',/ D%-%,% #$%' /#(',/ +#6% &#,/', '(*%)& 1(V "',/
%&'+ *'/%-.− I,#$' RS I,#$' RS &%-%,% 00 &#%+ ('-% &''( ''- ,$('.− S#/(#, ST D%-%,% #$%' ele;a&i &egmen ST. E#'-% -#/(#, ST
(#,',&'+', '&',"' 6#&#$' (%+'$&%)( ?injury@. C#&#$' (#,//'('$+',
+#$)-'+', (%+'$&%)( "',/ #% #-'$ &'$% %-+#(%' ,'(), &'*' #$-%:'$##$-%#. E#'-% -#/(#, ST (#$)*'+', ',&' "',/ &'*' &%',&'+', '='
#' #$'&% %,:'$+ -#'% &', '+', '(*'+ /'('$', %,:'$+ "',/ +(*% %'
%&'+ -#/#$' &%'+)+', %,#$#,-% #$'*#)%+ "',/ '/$#-%:.− G#(',/ T D%-%,% /#(',/ T -#'$' &#,/', '$' /#(',/ R ?,$('@
&#,/', '(*%)& "',/ ,$('.− I,#$' T I,#$' T &%-%,% %'' 04 &#%+ ('-% &''( ''- ,$('.
3. S',&'*', III
− $#+)#,-% I,#$' R8R %'' 14 +'+ '&% :$#+)#,-%,"' '&'' 1500 &%'/%
14 "'%) 107>(#,% "',/ (#,),)+', ta*i*ardi.
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 19/47
− I$'(' -%,)- I$'(' -%,)- ,$(' &%(',' #$&'*' /#(',/ P &%%+)%
+(*#+- RS &', /#(',/ T.
− G#(',/ P A(*%)& 2(V &#,/', &)$'-% 012 &#%+ '&% ('-% #$('-)+
&''( ''- ,$('.
− I,#$' PR D%-%,% #$%' %,#$' PR %'' 012 &#%+ ('-% &''( ''-
,$('.
− G#(',/ D%-%,% #$%' /#(',/ +#6% &#,/', '(*%)&# 15(V
"',/ (##%% ''- ,$(' &', &)$'-% 004 &#%+ "',/ ,$('. G#(',/
&%-%,% )+', /#(',/ "',/ *'/%- +'$#,' '(*%)&,"' +)$',/ &'$%
-#*#$%/' '(*%)& /#(',/ R.− I,#$' RS I,#$' RS &%-%,% 00 &#%+ ('-% &''( ''- ,$('.
− S#/(#, ST D%-%,% #$%' ele;a&i &egmen ST. E#'-% -#/(#, ST
(#,',&'+', '&',"' 6#&#$' (%+'$&%)( ?injury@.
− G#(',/ T D%-%,% /#(',/ T -#'$' &#,/', '$' /#(',/ R ?,$('@
&#,/', '(*%)& "',/ ,$('.
− I,#$' T I,#$' T &%-%,% %'' 03 &#%+ ('-% &''( ''- ,$('.
Tiga Sandapan Tambahan
4. S',&'*', 'VR
P'&' -',&'*', 'VR /#(',/ P +(*#+- RS &', /#(',/ T -#()'
(#,/''(% &#:#+-% ,#/'%: +'$#,' -)&) $%#,'-%,"' 8150 -#%,//' -#()' '+%%'-
%-$%+ ',),/ -#' #$/#$'+ (#,')% ##+$&'. S',&'*', 'VR %'-',"'
(#,),)+', /'('$', /#(',/ "',/ -',/' &''( -#%,//' %&'+ )-'
&%*#$%(',/+', &''( *#,%'%', +#(),/+%,', %,:'$+.
5. S',&'*', 'VL
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 20/47
− $#+)#,-% I,#$' R8R %'' 14 +'+ '&% :$#+)#,-%,"' '&'' 1500 &%'/%
14 "'%) 107>(#,% "',/ (#,),)+', ta*i*ardi.
− I$'(' -%,)- I$'(' -%,)- ,$(' &%(',' #$&'*' /#(',/ P &%%+)%
+(*#+- RS &', /#(',/ T. J)/' #$&'*' /#(',/ U.
− G#(',/ P ?(#,/''(% &#:#+-% ,#/'%:@ A(*%)& 1(V &#,/', &)$'-%
012 &#%+ '&% ('-% #$('-)+ &''( ''- ,$('.
− I,#$' PR D%-%,% #$%' %,#$' PR %'' 012 &#%+ ('-% &''( ''-
,$('.
− G#(',/ D%-%,% %&'+ #$%' /#(',/ .− I,#$' RS I,#$' RS &%-%,% 004 &#%+ ('-% &''( ''- ,$('.
− S#/(#, ST D%-%,% #$%' de're&i &egmen ST. D#*$#-% -#/(#, ST &'*'
#$'&% *'&' ',/%,' %*%+' '') *'&' %,:'$+ /#(',/ ,,8.
−
G#(',/ T D%-%,% #$%' gelom,ang T mengalami in;er&i. I,#$-%/#(',/ T (#,//'('$+', %-+#(%' (%+'$&%)(.
− G#(',/ U D%-%,% #$%' gelom,ang U ter,ali* "',/ (#,',&'+',
%-+#(%'. G#(',/ U '-',"' %&'+ #'- &%(',' /#(', U "',/ #$'%+
%'-' #$&'*' *'&' +#'&'', %-+#(%' '') %*#$$:%.
− I,#$' T I,#$' T &%-%,% %'' 024 &#%+ ('-% &''( ''- ,$('.
. S',&'*', 'V
− $#+)#,-% I,#$' R8R %'' 13 +'+ '&% :$#+)#,-%,"' '&'' 1500 &%'/%
13 "'%) 115>(#,% "',/ (#,),)+', ta*i*ardi.
− I$'(' -%,)- I$'(' -%,)- ,$(' &%(',' #$&'*' /#(',/ P &%%+)%
+(*#+- RS &', /#(',/ T.
− G#(',/ P A(*%)& 2(V &#,/', &)$'-% 012 &#%+ '&% ('-% #$('-)+
&''( ''- ,$('.
− I,#$' PR D%-%,% #$%' %,#$' PR %'' 02 &#%+ ('-% &''( ''-
,$('.
− G#(',/ D%-%,% #$%' /#(',/ +#6% &#,/', '(*%)&# 2(V "',/
(##%% ''- ,$(' &', &)$'-% 004 &#%+ "',/ ,$('. G#(',/ &%-%,%
)+', /#(',/ "',/ *'/%- +'$#,' '(*%)&,"' +)$',/ &'$% -#*#$%/'
'(*%)& /#(',/ R.
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 21/47
− I,#$' RS I,#$' RS &%-%,% 00 &#%+ ('-% &''( ''- ,$('.
− S#/(#, ST D%-%,% #$%' ele;a&i &egmen ST. E#'-% -#/(#, ST
(#,',&'+', '&',"' 6#&#$' (%+'$&%)( ?injury@.
− G#(',/ T D%-%,% /#(',/ T -#'$' &#,/', '$' /#(',/ R ?,$('@
&#,/', '(*%)& "',/ ,$('.
− I,#$' T I,#$' T &%-%,% %'' 04 &#%+ ('-% &''( ''- ,$('.
Enam Sandapan Prakordial
7. S',&'*', V1
− $#+)#,-% I,#$' R8R %'' 14 +'+ '&% :$#+)#,-%,"' '&'' 1500 &%'/%
14 "'%) 107>(#,% "',/ (#,),)+', ta*i*ardi.
− I$'(' -%,)- I$'(' -%,)- ,$(' &%(',' #$&'*' /#(',/ P &%%+)%
+(*#+- RS &', /#(',/ T.
− G#(',/ P ?&#:#+-% ,#/'%:@ A(*%)& 1(V &#,/', &)$'-% 012 &#%+
'&% ('-% #$('-)+ &''( ''- ,$('.
− I,#$' PR D%-%,% #$%' %,#$' PR %'' 012 &#%+ ('-% &''( ''-
,$('.
− G#(',/ D%-%,% %&'+ #$%' /#(',/ .− I,#$' RS I,#$' RS &%-%,% 004 &#%+ ('-% &''( ''- ,$('.
− S#/(#, ST D%-%,% #$%' de're&i &egmen ST. D#*$#-% -#/(#, ST &'*'
#$'&% *'&' ',/%,' %*%+' '') *'&' %,:'$+ /#(',/ ,,8.
− G#(',/ T D%-%,% #$%' gelom,ang T mengalami in;er&i. I,#$-%
/#(',/ T (#,//'('$+', %-+#(%' (%+'$&%)(.− I,#$' T I,#$' T &%-%,% %'' 04 &#%+ ('-% &''( ''- ,$('.
. S',&'*', V2
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 22/47
− $#+)#,-% I,#$' R8R %'' 14 +'+ '&% :$#+)#,-%,"' '&'' 1500 &%'/%
14 "'%) 107>(#,% "',/ (#,),)+', ta*i*ardi.
− I$'(' -%,)- I$'(' -%,)- ,$(' &%(',' #$&'*' /#(',/ P &%%+)%
+(*#+- RS &', /#(',/ T.
− G#(',/ P ?#$-%:' %:'-%+@ A(*%)& 1(V &#,/', &)$'-% 012 &#%+ '&%
('-% #$('-)+ &''( ''- ,$('.− I,#$' PR D%-%,% #$%' %,#$' PR %'' 02 &#%+ ('-% &''( ''-
,$('.
− G#(',/ D%-%,% %&'+ #$%' /#(',/ .− I,#$' RS I,#$' RS &%-%,% 00 &#%+ ('-% &''( ''- ,$('.
− S#/(#, ST D%-%,% #$%' de're&i &egmen ST. D#*$#-% -#/(#, ST &'*'
#$'&% *'&' ',/%,' %*%+' '') *'&' %,:'$+ /#(',/ ,,8.
− G#(',/ T D%-%,% /#(',/ T -#'$' &#,/', '$' /#(',/ R ?,$('@
&#,/', '(*%)& "',/ ,$('.
− I,#$' T I,#$' T &%-%,% %'' 03 &#%+ ('-% &''( ''- ,$('.
9. S',&'*', V3
−
$#+)#,-% I,#$' R8R %'' 13 +'+ '&% :$#+)#,-%,"' '&'' 1500 &%'/%13 "'%) 115>(#,% "',/ (#,),)+', ta*i*ardi.
− I$'(' -%,)- I$'(' -%,)- ,$(' &%(',' #$&'*' /#(',/ P &%%+)%
+(*#+- RS &', /#(',/ T.
− G#(',/ P A(*%)& 1(V &#,/', &)$'-% 012 &#%+ '&% ('-% #$('-)+
&''( ''- ,$('.
− I,#$' PR D%-%,% #$%' %,#$' PR %'' 01 &#%+ ('-% &''( ''-
,$('.
− G#(',/ D%-%,% #$%' /#(',/ &#,/', '(*%)& 05(V &',
&)$'-% 004 &#%+ ('-% &''( ''- ,$('.
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 23/47
− I,#$' RS I,#$' RS &%-%,% 004 &#%+ ('-% &''( ''- ,$('.
− S#/(#, ST D%-%,% #$%' ele;a&i &egmen ST. E#'-% -#/(#, ST
(#,',&'+', '&',"' 6#&#$' (%+'$&%)( ?injury@.
− G#(',/ T D%-%,% /#(',/ T -#'$' &#,/', '$' /#(',/ R ?,$('@
&#,/', '(*%)& "',/ ,$('.
− I,#$' T I,#$' T &%-%,% %'' 03 &#%+ ('-% &''( ''- ,$('.
10. S',&'*', V4
−
$#+)#,-% I,#$' R8R %'' 14 +'+ '&% :$#+)#,-%,"' '&'' 1500 &%'/%14 "'%) 107>(#,% "',/ (#,),)+', ta*i*ardi.
− I$'(' -%,)- I$'(' -%,)- ,$(' &%(',' #$&'*' /#(',/ P &%%+)%
+(*#+- RS &', /#(',/ T.
− G#(',/ P A(*%)& 1(V &#,/', &)$'-% 012 &#%+ '&% ('-% #$('-)+
&''( ''- ,$('.
− I,#$' PR D%-%,% #$%' %,#$' PR %'' 01 &#%+ ('-% &''( ''-
,$('.
− G#(',/ D%-%,% #$%' /#(',/ &#,/', '(*%)& 05(V &',
&)$'-% 004 &#%+ ('-% &''( ''- ,$('.− I,#$' RS I,#$' RS &%-%,% 004 &#%+ ('-% &''( ''- ,$('.
− S#/(#, ST D%-%,% #$%' ele;a&i &egmen ST. E#'-% -#/(#, ST
(#,',&'+', '&',"' 6#&#$' (%+'$&%)( ?injury@.
− G#(',/ T D%-%,% /#(',/ T -#'$' &#,/', '$' /#(',/ R ?,$('@
&#,/', '(*%)& "',/ ,$('.
− I,#$' T I,#$' T &%-%,% %'' 04 &#%+ ('-% &''( ''- ,$('.
11. S',&'*', V5
− $#+)#,-% I,#$' R8R %'' 14 +'+ '&% :$#+)#,-%,"' '&'' 1500 &%'/%
14 "'%) 107>(#,% "',/ (#,),)+', ta*i*ardi.
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 24/47
− I$'(' -%,)- I$'(' -%,)- ,$(' &%(',' #$&'*' /#(',/ P &%%+)%
+(*#+- RS &', /#(',/ T.
− G#(',/ P A(*%)& 1(V &#,/', &)$'-% 012 &#%+ '&% ('-% #$('-)+
&''( ''- ,$('.
− I,#$' PR D%-%,% #$%' %,#$' PR %'' 01 &#%+ ('-% &''( ''-
,$('.
− G#(',/ D%-%,% #$%' /#(',/ &#,/', '(*%)& 1(V &', &)$'-%
004 &#%+ ('-% &''( ''- ,$('.− I,#$' RS I,#$' RS &%-%,% 00 &#%+ ('-% &''( ''- ,$('.
− S#/(#, ST D%-%,% #$%' ele;a&i &egmen ST. E#'-% -#/(#, ST
(#,',&'+', '&',"' 6#&#$' (%+'$&%)( ?injury@.
− G#(',/ T D%-%,% /#(',/ T -#'$' &#,/', '$' /#(',/ R ?,$('@
&#,/', '(*%)& "',/ ,$('.− I,#$' T I,#$' T &%-%,% %'' 04 &#%+ ('-% &''( ''- ,$('.
12. S',&'*', V
− $#+)#,-% I,#$' R8R %'' 13 +'+ '&% :$#+)#,-%,"' '&'' 1500 &%'/%
13 "'%) 115>(#,% "',/ (#,),)+', ta*i*ardi.
− I$'(' -%,)- I$'(' -%,)- ,$(' &%(',' #$&'*' /#(',/ P &%%+)%
+(*#+- RS &', /#(',/ T.
− G#(',/ P A(*%)& 1(V &#,/', &)$'-% 012 &#%+ '&% ('-% #$('-)+
&''( ''- ,$('.
− I,#$' PR D%-%,% #$%' %,#$' PR %'' 01 &#%+ ('-% &''( ''-
,$('.
− G#(',/ D%-%,% #$%' /#(',/ &#,/', '(*%)& 1(V &', &)$'-%
004 &#%+ ('-% &''( ''- ,$('.− I,#$' RS I,#$' RS &%-%,% 00 &#%+ ('-% &''( ''- ,$('.
− S#/(#, ST D%-%,% #$%' ele;a&i &egmen ST. E#'-% -#/(#, ST
(#,',&'+', '&',"' 6#&#$' (%+'$&%)( ?injury@.
− G#(',/ T D%-%,% /#(',/ T -#'$' &#,/', '$' /#(',/ R ?,$('@
&#,/', '(*%)& "',/ ,$('.
− I,#$' T I,#$' T &%-%,% %'' 04 &#%+ ('-% &''( ''- ,$('.
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 25/47
K#-%(*)', &'$% '-% *#(#$%+-'', EKG *'-%#, %,% %''
'. P'-%#, (#,/''(% -%,)- '+%+'$&%.
. P'-%#, *#$,' (#,/''(% -#$',/', ',/%,' &%',&'% # &#*$#-% -#/(#, ST *'&'
-',&'*', I 'VL V1 &', V2.6. P'-%#, (#,/''(% %,:'$+ (%+'$& &#,/', +##$',/', -#*#$% #$%+)
− T#$'&% 6#&#$' (%+'$&%)(>injury *'&' &%,&%,/ %,:#$%$ ',),/ "',/
(#,&)&)+% &%':$'/(' %,% &%',&'% # ##'-% -#/(#, ST *'&' -',&'*', II
III &', 'V
− T#$'&% 6#&#$' (%+'$&%)(>injury *'&' '*#+- ',),/ &%',&'% # ##'-%
-#/(#, ST *'&' -',&'*', V3 &', V4
− T#$'&% %-+#(%' (%+'$&%)( *'&' &%,&%,/ ',#$%$ +',', ',),/ &%',&'% #
%,#$-% /#(',/ T *'&' -',&'*', V1
− T#$'&% 6#&#$' (%+'$&%)(>injury *'&' &%,&%,/ ',#$%$ +%$% ',),/ &%',&'%
# ##'-% -#/(#, ST *'&' -',&'*', V5 &', V
− T#$'&% %-+#(%' (%+'$&%)( *'&' &%,&%,/ '#$' +%$% ',),/ &%',&'% #
%,#$-% /#(',/ T &', /#(',/ U "',/ #$'%+ *'&' -',&'*', 'VL
D)' '( -##' &%'+)+', *#,/'', '=' *'-%#, %',/ +#-#&'$', &', (,%$ EKG,"'
(#,),)+', /'('$', -#*#$% #$%+)
P'&' EKG %,% #$&'*' &)' /'('$', "',/ #$#&'
I. G'('$', -##)( *',' (#$'7
− $#+)#,-% I,#$' R8R %'' 20 +'+ '&% :$#+)#,-%,"' '&'' 1500 &%'/%
20 "'%) 75>(#,% "',/ (#,),)+', &#,") ',),/ ,$('.
− I$'(' -%,)- I$'(' -%,)- ,$(' &%(',' #$&'*' /#(',/ P &%%+)%
+(*#+- RS &', /#(',/ T.
− G#(',/ P A(*%)& 2(V &#,/', &)$'-% 01 &#%+ "',/ (##%% ''-
,$('. I,% (#,',&'+', '&',"' *#$*',',/', &)$'-% &#*'$%-'-% '$%)( %-'
+'$#,' %*#$$:% '$%)(.
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 26/47
− I,#$' PR D%-%,% #$%' %,#$' PR %'' 02 &#%+ "',/ ('-% &''( ''-
,$('.
− G#(',/ D%-%,% %&'+ #$%' /#(',/ .− I,#$' RS I,#$' RS &%-%,% 00 &#%+ %'' ,$('.
− S#/(#, ST D%-%,% #$%' -#/(#, ST "',/ #$'&' *'&' /'$%- %-##+$%-.− G#(',/ T D%-%,% /#(',/ T -#'$' &#,/', '$' /#(',/ R ?,$('@
&#,/', '(*%)& "',/ ,$('.
− I,#$' T I,#$' T &%-%,% %'' 0 &#%+ (#,',&'+', inter;al :T yang
meman1ang. I,#$' T (#(',',/ %-' +'$#,' #:#+ &'$% )%,%&%, '')
%*+'-#(%'.
II. G'('$', -##' *',' (#$'
− $#+)#,-% I,#$' R8R %'' +'+ '&% :$#+)#,-%,"' '&'' 1500 &%'/%
"'%) 17>(#,% "',/ (#,),)+', ta*i*ardi. $#+)#,-% )/' #$)'8)'
'') %$$#/)'$.
− I$'(' -%,)- I$'(' -%,)- %&'+ #$')$ %,% &%-#) aritmia '') di&ritmia.
− G#(',/ P G#(',/ P %&'+ #$%'. I,% (#,),)+', '=' %$'('
',),/ "',/ %$#/)#$ #$'-' )+', &'$% &''( '$%)( (#'%,+', &'$% '='
'$%)( %-' ,&)- AV '') #,$%+#. K#'&'', %,% &%-#) aritmia
;entri*+lar.− I,#$' RS I,#$' RS #$'$%'-% ,'(), #% &'$% 012 &#%+ '') #'$.
K(*#+- RS "',/ #'$ (#,),)+', '=' &#*'$%-'-% #,$%+# #$'-'
&'$% &''( #,$%+# %) -#,&%$%. D#*'$%-'-% &%()'% &% &''( (%+'$&%)(
#,$%+# )+', &'$% -%-#( +,&)+-% -#%,//' (#,"#'$ ') #% '(' &',
+(*#+- RS '(*'+ #$&)$'-% #% '('.− T#$%' 2enomena <R8on8T= &%(',' +,$'+-% #,$%+)'$
*$#(')$> premature ventricular contraction ?PVC@ ') *'&' /#(',/ T
&#,") -##)(,"'. G#(',/ T (#$)*'+', -') ('-' "',/ $#,', *'&'
-%+)- ',),/ -#%,//' PVC "',/ ') &% -',' +#(),/+%,', #-'$
(#,6#)-+', #$'&%,"' '+%+'$&% #,$%+)'$. S#'%, %) PVC "',/ #$'&%
*'&' %,:'$+ (%+'$&%)( '+) (#,%,/+'+', $%-%+ #$'&%,"' '+%+'$&%
#,$%+)'$ :%$%'-% #,$%+)'$ &', +#('%', (#,&'&'+.7
D%-)(*)+', '=' /'('$', EKG II *'&' *'-%#, %,% (#$)*'+', /'('$', ta*i*ardi
;entri*+lar. D%(',' &#:%,%-% &'$% '+%+'$&% #,$%+)'$ %'' %/' PVC '') #% "',/
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 27/47
(),6) #$)$)',. S#'%, %) :$#+)#,-% *'&' EKG *'-%#, %'' 17 &#,") *#$ (#,%
"',/ #$#'+ &%','$' 1208200 &#,") *#$ (#,% &', -#&%+% %$$#/)'$.
P'&' *'-%#, %,% '+%+'$&% #,$%+)'$ "',/ #$%' )+',' '+%+'$&% #,$%+)'$ "',/
-',&'$ (#'%,+', -)') Tor&ade de Pointe&. T$-'&#- &# P%,#- (#$)*'+', #,)+
'+%+'$&% #,$%+)'$ "',/ ),%+ "',/ &%#()+', *'&' *'-%#, &#,/', %,#$' T "',/
(#(',',/. P'&' EKG *'-%#, %,% -##)( '&',"' PVC #$%' %,#$' T "',/
(#(',',/ '+%' /#(',/ T ?$#*'$%-'-% #,$%+#@ "',/ (#(',',/. I,#$' T
"',/ (#(',',/ &'*' #$'&% -#'(' %,:'$+ (%+'$& '+) &', &%-#'+', # '8'
?',%'$%(%' ',%&#*$#-', $%-%+%+ :#,%';%, ' '()$ &', ',%%-'(%,@. PVC "',/
') *'&' /#(',/ T "',/ (#(',',/ &'*' (#,6#)-+', T$-'&# &# P%,#- -#*#$%
"',/ #$%' *'&' /'('$', EKG *'-%#,. S#'%, %) /'('$', T$-'&# &# P%,#- (%$%*
'+%+'$&% #,$%+)'$ -',&'$ &%(',' #$&'*' +(*#+- RS "',/ (#,/%'$% /'$%- &'-'$
&#,/', '+-%- &', '(*%)&# "',/ #$)- #$)'8)' /'('$', %,% #$%' *'&' EKG
*'-%#,.7
$% Diagno&i& Penya*it
P'&' *'-%#, %,% &%%' &'$% '-% *#(#$%+-'', ',) &'*' &%'(% -)') &%'/,-%- '=' *'-%#,
(#,&#$%' A.+te )oronary Syndrome STEMI. H' %,% &'*' &%#,)+', &'$%
A,'(,#-%-
8 D'$% '-% ','(,#-%- &%#()+', '=' )-%' *'-%#, -)&' #% &'$% 40 '), &%(','
' %,% (#$)*'+', -)') :'+$ $#-%+ '&',"' STEMI.
8 P'-%#, (#,/'+)% +'') &%' '&'' -#$',/ *#$+'+. M#$++ (#$)*'+', :'+$ $#-%+
"',/ &'*' (#,"#'+', *#,%,/+'', +#))', #$'&'* +-%/#,. H' %,% &%-#'+',
&'$% ;' ,%+%, "',/ #$+',&),/ &''( $++ (#$)*'+', '-'+%: "',/ %-'
(#,"#'+', '-+,-$%+-% *#()) &'$' +$,#$
8 P'-%#, &'',/ -##' (#'+)+', '$'/' &%(',' +#)', %() -'' *'-%#,
#$'$'/' #$-#). H' %,% -#-)'% &#,/', '&',"' ',/%,' &# #::$ "'%) ',/%,' "',/
%() -##' (#'+)+', -)') '+%%'-. A,/%,' &# #::$ (#$)*'+', "',/ (#$)*'+',
-)') /#'' &'$% /#,//)', +$,#$.
8 P'-%#, (#,/'+)% '&',"' *#,''$', $'-' -'+% +# &'#$' ##$ *),//),/ #,/', +%$%
&', ') +%$%. H' %,% (#$)*'+', 6%$% +'- *'&' ',/%,' *#6$%-
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 28/47
8 P'-%#, (#(%%+% $%='"' %) "',/ (#,%,//' *'&' )-%' 50 '),. H' %,% (#$)*'+',
-)') :'+$ $#-%+ /#,#%+ "',/ %,//%. S#' '*'%' &%#()+', #$&'*' $',/ )'
"',/ (#,&#$%' *#,"'+% ',),/ +$,#$ *'&' )-%' F 50 '), ('+' ','+,"' '+',
#$#-%+ #-'$ (#,&#$%' *#,"'+% ',),/ *)'. I) )',. U-(', (#,%,//' *'&' )-%'
50 '), +'$#,' *#,"'+% ',),/ ' %,% &'*' #$'$% %) ,. U-(', #' (#,&#$%'
*#,"'+% ',),/ -##)( #$)-%' 50 '), &''( ' %,% (#,/%,&%+'-%+', '=' ,.
U-(', (#(%%+% :'+$ /#,#%+ (#,&#$%' *#,"'+% ',),/ +$,#$.
P#(#$%+-'', %-%+
8 K#'&'', )()( *'-%#, '(*'+ -'+% #$' &#,/', (#(#/',/ &'&' *'-%#, &#,/',
#'*'+ ',/', "',/ (#,/%,&%+-'%+', '=' ,"$% "',/ &%''(% *'-%#, (#$)*'+', ,"#$%
)(*). N"#$% "',/ )(*) %,% (#$)*'+', ,"#$% "',/ +'- *'&' ',/%,'. D#,/',&#(%+%', ('+' &'*' (#,"%,/+%$+', +#(),/+%,', '&',"' *,#)($' &',
#,&6'$&%%- "',/ (#(%%+% 6%$% ,"#$% &'&' "',/ ''(.
8 A&',"' +#$%,/' *'&' *'-%#, -#-)'% &#,/', +#'&'', *'&' ',/%,' *#6$%-.
8 P#(#$%+-'', #*'$ %#, #,' )/)'$%- $,+% *'$) #&#(' ),/+'% ,#/'%:. H' %,%
(#,),)++', '=' +#'%,', *'&' *'-%#, '&'' *'&' ',),/ ,'(), )+', *'&'
+')8+') ',),/ (#'%,+', *'&' *#()) &'$' 6$,#$.
P#(#$%+-'', L'$'$%)(
8 D%#()+', '=' ,%'% $*,%, T (#,%,/+' (#,),)+', '&',"' +#$)-'+', (%6'$&
"',/ %&'+ #$') )'- ='')*), *#(#$%+-'', %,% +)$',/ -*#-%:%+.
8 P#(#$%+-'', CK8CKMB (#$)*'+', #,;%,/ "',/ ',"'+ #$&'*' &% ("6'$&%' ('+'
*#,%,/+'', #,;%( %,% (#,),)++', '&',"' ("6'$&%' %,:'$6%, "',/ +#(),/+%,',
#$'&% +'$#,' +)$',/,"' -)*'% +-%/#, +# ',),/ +'$#,' '&',"' -)('', &%
*#()) +$,#$ (#,/%,/' +#(),/+%,', +#$)-'+', +') ',),/ -)&'
&%-%,/+%$+',.
8 A&',"' %*#$%*%&#(%' *'&' *'-%#, (#$)*'+', -)') :'+$ $#-%+ %(),"' *#,"'+%
+$,#$ *'&' ',),/ *'-%#,.
H'-% EKG
8 P'&' '-% EKG &%#()+', '&',"' ST ##'-%. H' %,% #% &'$% 2 -',&'*', "'%) *'&'
-',&'*', II III 'V V1 V3 V4 V5 V #' (#(#,)% -"'$' '&',"' A6)#
C$,'$" S",&$(# STEMI "'%) *'%,/ -#&%+% #$&'*' 2 -',&'*', ST ##'-%.
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 29/47
I% Diagno&i& Banding
1. S*'-(# #-*'/)-
S*'-(# #-:'/)- '&'' +,-$%+-% "',/ ',$(' &'$% #-*'/)- -#%,/', ('+',',%&'+ &'*' -'(*'% +# '(),/. P#,"#',"' #)( &%+#')% *'-% '*% %-' &%*%6) #
('+',', "',/ #$') *','- '') #$') &%,//%,. B%'-',"' *'-%#, "',/ (#,&#$%' -*'-(#
#-*'/)- '+', (#$'-'+', ,"#$% &'&' "',/ -)% &%#&'+', &#,/,' ',/%,' *#6$%- -#$'
(#$'-'+', $#/)$/%'-% ('+', &'$% '(),/ +# #-*'/)- &', *'-%#, '+', (#$'-'+',
('-% '&' ('+',', "',/ #$%,//' &% &''( #-*'/)- '') (#$'-'+', '&',"' ('+',
"',/ #$%,//' &% #-*'/)-.*'-%#, -*'-(# #-*'/)- %'-',"' (#,/''(% +#-)%',
),)+ (#,#', ('+',', ?&"-*'/%'@. G#'' "',/ &%''(% *'-%#, %,% )/' (%$%* &#,/',
',/%,' *#6$%- )+', -'' +'$#,' ,"#$% &'&' #'*% +'$#,' '&',"' *#,''$', +# &'#$'
##$ $'',/ ',/', &', *),//),/ -#%,//' -)% &%#&'+',. P#,"'+% %,% &'*'
&%-%,/+%$+', +'$#,' *'&' '-% EKG #$&'*' ST ##'-% &% ##$'*' -',&'*', "',/
-#-)'% &#,/', A6)# C$,'$" S",&$(# STEMI.
2. A6)# C$,'$" S",&$(# NSTEMI
A6)# C$,'$" S",&$(# (%$%* &#,/', ACS NSTEMI ,'(), *'&' NSTEMI %&'+
&%-#$'% &#,/', ST ##'-% &', %-',"' *#,"#',"' '&'' $)*)$>-#+,"' *'+
'$#$-+#$%+ "',/ (#,"#'+', *#,/)$',/', *'-+', +-%/#, +# A.+$%,'$%'. P'&'
*'-%#, %,% #$&'*' *#,%,/+'', ST ##'-% &', &%-#$'% &#,/', /#'' +%,%- ('+' ACS
NSTEMI &'*' &%-%,/+%$+', &'$% &%'/,-%- *#,"'+% "',/ (),/+%, &% &#$%' *'-%#,.9
J% Pato2i&iologi Ka&+&
P'&' +'-)- %,% #$'&% *#,%,/+'', +'&'$ +#-#$ ' $%/%-#$%& LDL &',(#,)$),', +'&'$ HDL. O# +'$#,' %) &'*' &%-%(*)+', '=' %*#$%*%&#(%'
(#$)*'+', -'' -') :'+$ $#-%+ #$'&%,"' '#$-+#$-%-. S#'%, %) :'+$ $#-%+
"',/ '%, "',/ &%(%%+% *'-%#, %,% '&'' $%='"' (#$++ &', $%='"' +#)'$/' &%(','
%) &'$% '*'+ U-(', (#,%,//' -'' )-%' 50 '), +'$#,' *#,"'+% ',),/.
1. S%,#-%- K%(%+$, &', VLDL
M)+-' )-)- (#()' VLDL &', K%(%+$,. VLDL "',/ &%)' &% ()+-' )-)-
)()(,"' -#&%+% &', -%-#-',"' +,-', %*%&,"' #$'-' &'$% #(*#&) &', -#+$#-%
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 30/47
)-)-. S#&',/+', K%(%+$, ',"'+ &% -%,#-' &', #$/',),/ #$'&'* %,'+#
#('+.
• S%,#-%- K%(%+$,
o S%,#-' A* B &''( $%-( &''( RER o S%,#-%- %*%& &''( SER
o P#,//'),/', %*%& &', *$#%, &''( SER
o S%,#-%- A* A8 I &', A* A II )/' &''( -# )-)- ),)+ (#(#,)+
+%(%+$,
o D''( #,&' //% #$'&% *#,'('', +'$%&$' *'&' %**$#%,
o K%(%+$, #$/#$'+ &''( '+) &', (#,/'&'+', :)-% &#,/', &%,/%,
-# ') ('-)+ +# %(:#
• S%,#-%- VLDL
S%,#-%- VLDL #$&'*' *'&' 2 #(*' "'%) '% ? T#$',"'+ @ &', )-)-.
o P$#%, &%-%,#-%- &''( RER
o L%*%& &%-%,#-%- &''( SER
o P#,//'),/', %*%& &#,/', *$#%, &''( SER
o B#$*%,&' +# '&', G/%
o D%#*'-+', &''( #,)+ '+) "',/ #$/#$'+ +# &%,&%,/ -# ') #$'&%
:)-% &', VLDL ('-)+ +# $)',/ D%--# &', ('-)+ +# -%,)-%& &'$'
• M#'%-(# LDL
LDL D% %&$%-' &% #*'$ > '$%,/', #$' #*'%6 ? '* B 0 $#6#*$ @
(#,'&% +#-$ &', '-'( #('+. A-' LDL #$'-' &'$% -%,#-' # '%
'&% *#(#6'', VLDL ? #$',"'+ @ &', '-% *#(#6'', K%(%+$,.
K#-#$ &% *#$)+', -# ),)+ *#(#,)+', (#($',# &', $(,#
-#$%&. J)(' #(*' *#,/%+'', LDL -#',&%,/ &#,/', +#*#$)', -# '+',
+#-#$.
o D''( -# ,$(' LDL ('-)+ '**$#%, &%*#6' &''( %-(
+#-#$ &%#-#$+', +#('% +#'+%:', HMG KA R#&)+'-# &% #+',
"',/ (#,/'+%'+', -%,-#-%- +#-#$ &''( -# (#,)$),.
• M#'%-(# HDL
P'&' H'% &% -#,#-' A* A &', A* C -#&',/+', *'&' )-)- ',"' A*
A. HDL "',/ '$) &%#,)+ &%-#) ,'-6#, HDL. L') A*8C "',/ &%)'
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 31/47
&%'% &%*%,&'+', +# HDL "',/ #$'-' &'$% )-)- &', *'&' ='+) HDL
('-)+ +# &''( *'-('. HDL ,'-6#, "',/ #$&%$% &'$% 2 '*%- :-%*%& "',/
#$#,)+ &%-6%& ? (#,/',&),/ '**$#%, P8L &', +#-#$ #'-. LCAT
&', APO A I ? A+%'$ LCAT @ #$%+' &#,/', &%-+ &'$% HDL
K#-#$ #-#$ &'*' &%$',-:#$ &'$% HDL +# VLDL &', LDL &#,/',
(#,//),'+', C8E $',-:#$ *$#%, ? '* D @ &', LCAT #$('-)+ &''(
-"-#( *#(%,&'', +#%', +#-#$ #'- &'$% %**$#%, &', &'$%
'$%,/',.
H'% (#$)*'+', #(*' '+%$ &#/$'&'-% '**$#%, HDL.
L%*%& *'-(' "'%) +#-#$ $%/%-#$%& :-:%*%& &', '-'( #('+ #'- "',/
#$'-' &'$% ('+',', ? #+-/#,@ &', &'$% -%,#-%- #('+ ? #,&/#, @. K#-#$ &',
$%/%-#$%& '&'' &)' #,%- %*%& "',/ $#'%: (#(*),"'% ('+,' +%,%- *#,%,/
-#)),/', &#,/', '#$/#,#-%-. L%*%& %&'+ '$) &''( *'-(' -#%,//' %*%& #$%+'
*'&' *$#%, -#'/'% (#+,%-(# $',-*$ &''( -#$)( . I+'', %,% (#,/'-%+', #(*'
+#'- )'(' %**$#%,.
1. K%(%+$,
2. L%**$#%, &#,-%'- -',/' $#,&' ? VLDL @3. L%**$#%, &#,-%'- $#,&' ? LDL @
4. L%**$#%, &#,-%'- %,//% ? HDL @
K'&'$ $#'%: %*%& &', *$#%, #$#&'8#&' *'&' -#%'* +#'- #$-#) . D'$% +##(*'
+#'- %**$#%, "',/ '&' LDL "',/ *'%,/ %,//% +'&'$ +#-#$,"' -#&',/+',
+%(%+$, &', VLDL *'%,/ %,//% +'&'$ $%/%-#$%&,"' . K'&'$ *$#%, #$%,/%
#$&'*' *'&' HDL.
2. A#$-+#$-%- &', G',//)', K$,'$%'
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 32/47
P'/#,#-%- #$'&%,"' '#$-+#$-%- %) -#,&%$% (#$)*'+', '+%' &'$% $#-*,- #$'&'*
6#&#$' &#,/', ##$'*' #,)+ 6#&#$' *'&' &%,&%,/ '$#$% &', (#,"#'+', %(),"'
'#$('. D%,&%,/ *#()) &'$' #$*'', #$'&'* %$%', "',/ #$&'*' &''(
+#%&)*', -#'$%8'$%. D%','$',"' "',/ #$)),/', &#,/', +'-)- %,% '&''
%*#$%*%&#(%' )-%' ",/ (#$)*'+', :'+$ $#-%+ '&',"' $%='"' (#$++ &', $%='"'
+#)'$/' &#,/', *#,"'+% ',),/. D'$% +#-#()' '/#, %,% #:#+ -%,#$/%- /',//)',
#(&%,'(%+' "',/ (#,"#$'% :),/-% -%$+)'-% ,$(' "',/ &%/'),/+', &#,/', #:#+
(#$)/%+', %*#$+#-#$#(%' &%',//'* (#$)*'+', :'+$ #$*#,%,/ &''( *'/#,#-%-
'#$-+#$-%- &%(',' (#(:+)-+', *#$',', LDL8C &''( *'/#,-%- '#$-+#$-%-.10
D%,&%,/ '$#$% #$&%$% ''- '*%-', +,-#,$%- #(*' -#8-# #,&# -#8-# *-
&', ('$%+- #+$'-# &#,/', -#$') #'-%- &', +'/#, "',/ &'*' #$%' &#,/', #'-.
K#%/' '*%-', %,% '&'' %,%(' (#&%' &', '&#,%-%'. L'*%-', %,%(' #$&%$% ''- -#8-#
#,&# "',/ (#(''-% '$#$% &', (#$)*'+', -')8-'),"' '/%', &%,&%,/ *#())
&'$' "',/ #$%,#$'+-% &#,/', +(*,#, &'$'. H' *#,%,/ (#,/#,'% #,&# '&''
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 33/47
?1@ M#,/',&),/ $#-#*$ ),)+ LDL8C &', #+#$' -#'/'% -'='$ &#,/', *#$(#'%%'-
"',/ -',/' -##+%: ?2@ M#(#$%+', *#$()+'', ,,$(/#,%+ # '*%-', #*'$%,
&', # -#+$#-% PGI2 ? '-&%'$ +)' &', %,%%$ '/$#/'-% $(-% @ &', #
-#+$#-% *'-(,%/#, ?3@ M#,-#+$#-% +-%&' ,%$' -)') '-&%'$ +)' @ &', ?4@
B#$%,#$'+-% &#,/', $(-% (,-% ('+$:'/# %(:-% T -#8-# *- (#')%
#$'/'% -%+%, &', :'+$ *#$)()', . L'*%-', (#&%' (#$)*'+', '/%', &%,&%,/
'$#$% "',/ #$&%$% &'$% -#8-# *- +'/#, &', #'-%,. L'*%-', %,%('
(#%,&),/% '*%-', (#&%' &'$% +(*,#,8+(*,#, &'$' . L'*%-', (#&%' #$',//),/
'=' ''- +,'+%%'- &', +#$' *#()) &'$'. L'*%-', '&#,%-%' (#$)*'+', '*%-',
#$)'$ &%,&%,/ *#()) &'$' &', #$&%$% ''- -#'/%', -#8-# *- &', :%$'-
'*%-', %,% )/' (#,/',&),/ '-' '-$)( "'%) *#()) &'$' +#6% "',/
(#,/','$+', -)*'% &'$' +# &%,&%,/ *#()) &'$' . P'&' '#$-+#$-%- #$'&%
/',//)', %,#/$%'- '*%-', (#&%' &', %,%(' -#%,//' #$#,)+ '#$('.
'+ $#-%+ "',/ #' &%''$+', &%''- (#$)*'+', ',/+' '=' #$'&%,"'
'#$-+#$-%- &%(',' #$*#$', &''( (#,"#'+', 6#&#$' *'&' -# #,&# *'&' '*%-',
%,%('. C#&'$' "',/ #$'&% (#,"#'+', #$'&%,"' $#-*,- %,:'(-% "',/ (#,"#'+',
&%-:),/-% #,&#. D%-:),/-% #,&# "',/ #$'&% (#,"#'+', (#,%,/+',"'
*#$(#'%%'- -# #,&# #$'&'* (,-% &', %*%& &'$'. H' #$-#) (#,"#'+',#$%(),,"' %*%& &'$' &', (,-% &''( '*%-', %,%('. H' %,% &%*#$)$)+ &#,/',
*#$', &'$% %*#$+#-#$#(%' "',/ &%&#$%' *'-%#, &%(',' *'&' +#'&'', %,%
(#,//',//) :),/-% #,&# &#,/', (#,%,/+'+', *$&)+-% $'&%+' #'- +-%/#,.
R'&%+' %,% (#,,'+%:+', +-%&' ,%$% "'%) :'+$ #,&#%'8$#'%,/ )'('.
D#,/', #$'&%,"' *#('',', #$'&'* $'&%+' #'- &''( -# #,&# &%,&%,/ '$#$%
(#,"#'+', #$'&%,"' +-%&-% LDL8C "',/ #$*#$', &', (#(*#$6#*' *'+
'#$('-'. O+-%&'-% LDL8C &%*#$+)' # +'&'$ HDL8C "',/ $#,&'.
H%*#$+#-#$#(%' (#(%6) '&#-% (,-% (%/$'-% -# *- -)#,&# &',
*#,%(),', %*%& &''( ('+$:'/ &', -#8-# *-. A*'%' #$*'', &#,/', LDL
C "',/ #$+-%&'-% ('+$:'/ (#,'&% -# )-' "',/ #$'/$#/'-% &''( '*%-', %,%('
"',/ #$%' -#6'$' ('+$-+*%+ -#'/'% #$6'+ #('+ '+%$,"' &#*-%-% %*%& &',
'$%,/', %+' (#,/)' #$6'+ #('+ %,% (#,'&% '#$(' #('+ :%$-' (')$ ? :%$)-
6'* @. A#$(' %,%' "',/ (#,"#'+', (#,"#(*%,"' &%'(##$ *#())/ &'$' . P'&'
+'-)- %,% #' #$'&% -%,&$(' +$,#$ '+) %*# STEMI &%(',' &%*#$+%$'+', '&',"'
+)-% ' *'&' '$#$% +$,$ -#%,//' (#,"#'+', #$'&%,"' /',//)' '%$', &'$'
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 34/47
*'&' '$#$% +$#,#$ "',/ (#$)*'+', *#,"#' (',%:#-'-% #$)*' ',/%,' *#+$'%- *'&'
*'-%#, %,%. A,/%,' *#+$'%- &'*' &%-#'+', '+%' +)$',/,"' -)*'% +-%/#, ),)+
(%6'$&%)( &', '+%' +#$' ',),/ "',/ #$' -#'/'% )-'' ),)+ (#(#,)%
+#))', -)*'% +-%/#, "',/ (#,%,/+' -'' '+%:%' ? +)-),"' *'&' +'-)- %,% '*'+
U-(', -#&',/ #$('%, -#*'+ ' @. A,/%,' *#+$'%- %) -#,&%$% '&'' N"#$% &'&'
-#*#$% *#$'-'', #$%,&% "',/ (#,"#'+', %-+#(%+ (%6'$& '+%' #$+)$',/,"'
-)*'% +-%/#, *'&' (%6'$&. N"#$% &'&' ? 6#- *'%, @ '&'' -)') +,&%-% #$'-' &'$%
$'+- &', '&(#, &#,/', *$/,-%- "',/ #$'$%'-% &'$% $%,/', -'(*'% +,&%-% "',/
(#,/',6'( %='. G'/' (#,/#,'% ,"#$% &'&' -#*#$% *'&' -%,&$( +$,#$ '+) '$'
&%--#6',- #,-%, *,#)($'+- #(% *)(,' &'*' #$+#(',/ &#,/', +(*%+'-%
-#$%)- '') (#,%,//' (#,&'&'+.
M#+',%-(# #$'&%,"' ,"#$% &'&' &'$% -'$': -%(*'%- "',/ #$'', *'$'#$ &#,/', '$#$%
+$,'$%' "',/ (#$)*'+', -#,-$" *'='" ),)+ ',/%,' &', -'$': %,% ('-)+ +#
(#&)' -*%,'%- -#/(#, C T4. I(*)- &%','$+', +# -*%,' /',/%' +#()&%', +#
+$#+ -#$#$%. R#-#*$ -'$': ,"#$% #$',/-',/ # (#'% "',/ #$%(), '') #
-)') ;' +%(%' '') # -$#-- (#+',%+ +' '+%' &'$% +#'%,', +,$'+-%
(%+'$&%)(. B%'-',"' ,"#$% %) &%/'('$+', -#'/'% -)') #+',', -)-#$,' +'&',/
+'&',/ (#,"#'$ )$), +# -%-% (#&%' #,/', +%$%.
. A+%' +)-% ' *'&' '$#$% +$,#$ (#,"#'+', %,)$" *'&' '/%', %,:#$%$ #$%'
*'&' /'('$', EKG . S'' S') +(*%+'-% '&'' '+%+'$&% #,$%+#. T'+%+'$&%
#,$%+# %,% (#,"#'+', &%'-%6 :%%,/ %(# (#,'&% *#,&#+ (#,/'+%'+', #$'&%
*#,)$),', 6'$&%'6 )*),. C'$&%'6 )*) "',/ (#,)$), (#,"#'+', #$'&%,"'
:'-#+(*#,-'$%+ #$)*' $#&%-$%)-% +# $/',8$/', %' -#*#$% '+ &', ',),/
(#,"#'+', $/',8$/', -#+),&#$ -#*#$% /%,' +)% &', -+## ' %,%
(#,"#'+', '',', *#$%:#$ (#,%,/+' -#%,//' #$'&% '-+,$%+-%. K)-)-,"'
$/', +)% '+', '(*'+ *)6' &', +)% %&'+ &'*# (#,/#)'$+', *',- -#6'$' $'&%'-%
-#%,//' #$&% *#,/#)'$', *','- -#6$' $'&%'-% -#%,//' *'-%#, '+', #$+#$%,/' &%,/%,
&', *)6' S#'%, %) :'-#+(*#,-'$%+ "',/ #$'&% '&'' *#$',/-',/', '&$#,#$/%+
-%(*'%- &', -%-#( $#,%, ',/%#-%, '&-#$, '+%' #$'&%,"' (#,)$),', '%$',
&'$' /%,'.
A*'%' +#'&'', %,% #$)- #$',/-),/ -'(*'% '+%$,"' :'-# +(*#,-'$%+ %&'+ &'*'
#+#$' &#,/', '%+ ('+' (#,)$),', 6'$&%' )*) %&'+ &'*' &%''-% '+% (#+',%-(#
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 35/47
$#&%-$%)-% +# $/', %' /'/' -#%,//' -#'%, (#(*#$#$' +#$' ',),/ +'$#,'
-)*'% "',/ +)$',/ &'(*'+ '%, '&'' #$'&% -)') +#'&'', "',/ &%-#) -",6*#
"'%) +#'&'', +#%',/', &'$' -#-'' '+%' '%$', &'$' "',/ %&'+ '&#+)' -#*#$%
"'',/ #$'&% *'&' *'-%#, %,%.
K% Kom'li*a&i STEMI
1. D%-:),/-% V#,$%+)'$
S##' STEMI #,$%+# +%$% (#,/''(% *#$)'', -#$%' &''( #,)+ )+)$', &',
+##'', *'&' -#/(#, "',/ (#,/''(% %,:'$+ &', ,, %,:'$+. P$-#- %,% &% -#)
$#(&%,/ #,$%6)'$ &', )()(,"' (#,&'))% #$+#(',/,"' /'/' ',),/
-#6'$' +%,%- &''( %),/', )', '') '), *'-6' %,:'$+.
2. G',//)', #(&%,'(%+
G'/' *#((*'', ?*)(* :'%)$#@ (#$)*'+', *#,"#' )'(' +#('%', &% $)('
-'+% *'&' STEMI. P#$)'-', ,#+$-%- %-+#(%' (#(*),"'% +$#'-% "',/ '%+ &#,/',
%,/+' /'/' *(*' &', ($'%'- '%+ *'&' '=' ?10 '$% %,:'$+@ &', -#-)&',"'.
T',&' +%,%- "',/-#$%,/ &%#()+', '&'' $,+% '-' &% *'$) &', ),"% ',),/ S3
&', S4 /'*. P'&' *#(#$%+-'', $,/#, -#$%,/ &%)(*'% +,/#-% *'$).
3. T'+%+'$&%' #,$%+#
D''( 24 '( *#$'(' STEMI '+%+'$&%' &', :%$%'-% #,$%6)'$ &'*' #$'&% ',*'
',&' ''"' '$%(%' -##)(,"'. T'+%+'$&%' &%'/% 3 ('6'( '+%+'$&%' #,$%+#
*%($:%+ "',/ (#,#'* '+%+'$&%' #,$%+# (,($:%+ (#,#'* "',/ &%%+)%
&#,/', ',/%,' #&#(' *'$) '') %*#,-% '+%+'$&%' #,$%+# (,($:%+ "',/
%&'+ &%-#$'% ',/%,' #&#(' *'$) '') %*#,-%.
4. K(*%+'-% (#+',%+
- R)*)$# ()-+))- *'*%'$%-
- R)*)$# -#*)( #,$%+#
- R)*)$# &%,&%,/ #,$%+#
L% Penatala*&anaan a>al yang di,eri*an
P#,/'', &%()'% &#,/', )-'' ),)+ (#,6#/' *#,"'+% '$#$% +$,#$
(#(*#$'(' *$/$#-%%'-,"' '') (#'=',,"' &#,/', (#,/''-% :'+$8:'+$
$#-%+,"'.
'+$ $#-%+ )'(' ?(%-',"' *#,%,/+'', #+',', &'$' &', +'&'$ +#-#$@ &%'%
-#'/'%(',' (#-%,"'. '+$ $#-%+ #$*#,%,/ "',/ %-' &%6#/' '&'' (#$++
-%/'$#.P#,/'', ',/%,' #$)'(' #$/',),/ +#*'&' #$' &', +#-'%', /#''8/#'',"'.
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 36/47
J%+' /#'',"' -'% &', $%,/', -'(*'% -#&',/ "',/ *'%,/ #:#+%: '&'' (#,/)$',/%
:'+$ $#-%+ &', (#,/+,-)(-% '8'',.
J%+' /#'',"' (#()$)+ &#,/', 6#*' %'-',"' *#,&#$%' -#/#$' &%$'=' &', &%#$%+',
'8'', &% $)(' -'+%. J%+' /#'',"' %&'+ (#,/%',/ &#,/', '8'',
*#$)'', *' ('+', &', /'"' %&)* ('+' %-' &%/),'+', ',/%/$':% ),)+
(#,#,)+', *#$) %&'+,"' &%'+)+', *#(#&'', bypass '$#$% +$,#$ '')
',/%*'-%.
S#&',/+', *'&' +'-)- P#,'''+-','', "',/ &% '+)+', '&''
1. T%$' '$%,/ $'=' ICCU. A+-#- %,$'#,'
H' %,% &% '+)+', ),)+ (#,/)$',/% /#'' )', )-(', &', &% $'=' &% ICCU
?%,#,-%# 6'$&%'6 6'$# ),%@ #$)'(' ),)+ (#,/)$',/% ($'%'- *'$' *#,&#$%'
"',/ (#,&#$%' -#$',/', ',),/ +$,#$ '+) "',/ -#$%,/ &% -#'+', +'$#,'
'('', -%$+)'-% +$,#$ '%+ +'$#,' '#$-6#$-%- '') +'$#,' -*'-(# +$,#$
&', &'*' (#,"#'+', +(*%+'-% "',/ &'*' (#,/',6'( *'-%#,. A+-#- %,$'#,'
&%'+)+', '/'$ *'-%#, &'*' &% #$%+', '8'', %,'#,' -)*'"' #:#+ "',/ &%&'*'+', #% 6#*'.
2. 02 2 L>(#,% ,'-' +',)
P'&' *#,&#$%' -%,&$(' +$,#$ '+) ('+' +#))', ',),/ '+', +-%/#, '+',
(#,%,/+' %+' ' %,% %&'+ &% %$%,/% &#,/', -)*'% '-)*', +-%/#, "',/ '%+ ('+'
'+', (#(*#$)$)+ +#'&'', *'-%#, &%(',' ',),/,"' %-' (#,/''(% ,#+$-%-.
3. &%# 6'%$ 1700 +'
M#(#$%+', ('+',', &''( #,)+ 6'%$ "',/ (#(#,)% +#))', 6'%$', ))
"',/ ()&' &%-#$'* &', ',"' -#&%+% (#,%,//'+', -%-' (#,6#/' &#%&$'-% "',/
(#,/%',/+', $'-' ')-. S#$' (#,/)$',/% #', ',),/.
4. '-*%$%, +),"' 320 M/ &% ',)+', '# 110(/ *.6
-#&%'', '-*%$%, +),"' &%'-$*-% #% 6#*' &%',&%,/+', &#,/', -#&%'', *'&'
"',/ &%#', (')*), -#&%'', *'&' "',/ &%+),"' *#(#$%', '-*%$%, +),"' #%
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 37/47
&%',)$+', *'&' *'-%#,8*'-%#, &#,/', -%,&$(' +$,#$ '+). A-*%$%, #+#$' &''(
='+) 15 (#,% ),)+ (#,6#/' :$('-% *#,/#,'', &'$' *'&' $',/8$',/ "',/
(#,/''(% *#,"'+% '$#$% +$,#$ ' %,% #+#$' -#'/'% ',% *'## &', (#,6#/'
'/$#/'-% $(-%.
5. B%-*$ 15(/
B%-*$ '&'' ' "',/ #$('-)+ /,/', #' 6+#$ "',/ /),',"' '&''
),)+ (#,/'(' $#-#*$ #' 1 &% ',),/ "',/ '+', (#,/)$',/% :$#+)#,-% &',
+,$'+%%'- &% ',),/ -#%,//' +#))', +-%/#, &% ',),/ '+', #$+)$',/.
B#' 6+#$ &% '*$+', &'*' (#,)$),+', ($'%'- *'&' *#,"'+% /'/' ',),/
,'(), *'&' ##$'*' %#$')$# &% -#)+', '=' #' 6+#$ &% +,$'%,&%+'-%+',
*'&' +#'&'', /'/' ',),/ '+). K'$#,' %) *#,//),'', #' 6+#$ *'&' *'-%#,
/'/' ',),/ '+) -#'%+,"' &% #$%+', &#,/', '%8'% &', *#,) *#$%(',/',.11
. S%('-'%,
S%('-'%, (#$)*'+', ' "',/ (#,)$),+', +'&'$ +#-#$ ?%*%&#(%+@ &',
(#$)*'+', '-% -%,#-' &'$% '-% :#$(#,'-% A-*#$/%)- #$$#)-. S#6'$' %,%
-%('-'%, '+', &%%&$%-' (#,'&% (#'% '+%:. M#+',%-(# +#$' &'$% (#'%'+%: #$-#) '&'' &#,/', 6'$' (#,/'(' +#$' 38H%&$+-%838(#%/)'$%
+#,;%( A $#&)+'-# ?HMG C8A $#&)+'-#@ &%(',' #,;%( %,% (#,/+''%-'
*#$)'', HMG C8A (#,'&% '-'( (#',' "',/ (#$)*'+', ',/+' '=' &'$%
-%,#-' +#-#$.11
P'&' *#,&#$%' &#,/', *#,"'+% ',),/ +$,#$ &', %*#$+#-#$#(%' -%('-'%,
&%%,&%+'-%+', ),)+
• M#,/)$',/% $#-%+ ($'%'- ' &#,/', (#,/)$',/% +#('%', '+%' *#,"'+%
',),/ +$,#$.
• M#,/)$',/% $#-%+ %,:'$+ (%+'$&%' ,, :''.
• M#,/)$',/% $#-%+ *'&' *'-%#, "',/ (#,'',% *$-#&)$ $#'-+)'$%-'-%
(%+'$&%'.
7. %$%,%%+ &#,/', -$#*+%,'-# 15 )' ),% IV &''( 1 '(
J%+' %&'+ '&' +,$' %,&%+'-% #$'*% :%$%,%-%- %&#',"' &%#$%+', &''( 30 (#,%.T))', )'(' :%$%,%-%- '&'' $#-$'-% 6#*' *'#,-% '$#$% +$,#$. O'
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 38/47
:%$%,%%+ %,% #+#$' &#,/', 6'$' (#(%6) +,#$-% *'-(%,/#, (#,'&% *'-(%,
"',/ -#',),"' (#%-%-+', $()- :%$%,. T#$&'*' 2 +#(*+ "'%) /,/',
-*#-%:%+ :%$%, -#*#$% tissue plasminogen activator ?PA@ &', ,, -*#-%:%+ :%$%,
-#*#$% streptokinase.
%$%,%-%- #' &%/),'+', -#'+ '=' 190 ),)+ (#,'(' (#+',%-(#
?:%$%,%%+ (#,/)' *'-(%,/#, (#,'&% *'-(%, "',/ (#,/',6)$+', :%$%, &%
&''( #+)', &'$'@. T$()- '+', #$&%-%,#/$'-% %+' ' :%$%,%-%- %,%
&%#$%+', &''( '( -##' #$'&% %,:'$+ (%+'$&%)( ,#+$-%- +'$#,' -)('',
'$#$%.
. I--$%& &%,%$' 5 (/ -)%,/)' %' ,"#$% &'&'
I--$%& &%,%$' "',/ #$('-)+ &''( /,/', ,%$' $/',%+ '&'' ' "',/ &%
/),'+', -#'/'% '-&%'$. O' %,%, '+', (##*'-+', NO ?,%$% %&#@ "',/ '+',
(#,%,/+'+', +'&'$ -%+%+ GMP &''( *- "',/ '+', (#$#'+-'-% *-
*#()) &'$' ?'-&%''-%@.11
M% Penatala*&anaan Setela( Adanya Irama Jant+ng yang Ireg+ler
S##' &% #$%+', *#,/'', &)' '( +#()&%', (,%$ EKG (#(#$%+', ),"% %&'+
#$')$ &', T,. U-(', +#%',/', +#-'&'$',.
P'&' EKG &% #()+', '&',"' $-'&#- &# *%,#-
S##' &% +#')% &#(%+%', ('+' %,&'+', -#',),"' '&'' %,&'+', %:#8$#'#,%,/
+'$#,' T$-'&#- '&'' '$%(%' "',/ (#,/',6'( ,"'=' &', &'*' '&%$ -#'/'% +#('%',
',),/ (#,&'&'+ *'&' *'-%#, &#,/', -$)+)$ ',),/ "',/ ,$('.
P#,'''+-','', $-'&#- &# *%,#-
1. $#-)-%'-%
2. &#:%$%'-%
3. +$#+-% *#,"#' $-'&#- -#*#$% %*+'#(%' %*('/,#-#(%' &', $'&%+'$&%'
4. %,$'#,' ('/,#-%)( -):' "',/ (#$)*'+', ' *%%', ),)+ $-'&#-
N% Progno&i&
A& %'( '& (''(
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 39/47
D'$% /'('$', EKG #$'+%$ "',/ &%&'*' #$&'*' /#(',/ '$%(%' "',/
(#('',"'+', +#%&)*',. G#(',/ '$%(%' #$-#) &'*' (#,"#'+', +#('%',
*'&' *'-%#, '*'%' %&'+ -',/' 6#*' &%',/',% -#' /#(',/ '$%(%' #$-#)
&'*' (#,"#'+', +#('%', (#,&'&'+.
A& :),/-%,'( '& (''(
,. U-(', *'&' +'-)- %,% -)&' &''( +#'&'', +$%%-. D''( +#'&'', +$%%- %$'('
',),/ %&'+ %-' &%+#('%+', -#'%, %) &%'-%6 :%%,/ %(# (#,'&% *#,&#+
-#%,//' %&'+ (#,&'*' ,)$%-% "',/ 6)+)* ' %,% &%'(' &#,/', (#,)$),,"'
6'$&%'6 )*) -#%,//' :),/-% ',),/ %&'+ %-' &%+#('%+', -#*#$% -#()'.
A& -','%,'( '& (''(
P'&' *'-%#, %,% +#(),/+%,', '+', +'() '/% ('-% '&' -#' *'-%#, (#(%%+%
+#(),/+%,', :'+$ /#,#%+ '&',"' *#,"'+% %,% *'&' *'-%#, )/' #$'&%
%*#$%*%&#(%' -#%,//' %+' *'-%#, %&'+ (#,'/' *' %&)*,"' &#,/', '%+ *'-%#,
'+', (#(%%+% +#(),/+%,', #-'$ (#,/''(% +#'&%', "',/ -'(' '/%.
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 40/47
BAB IV
TINJAUAN PUSTAKA
A. A,/%,' P#6$%-
1. D#:%,%-%
A,/%,' *#6$%- (#$)*'+', $'-' ,"#$% "',/ %() +'$#,' %-+#(%' (%6'$&%)(.
I-+#(%' %,% #$'&% +'$#,' '&',"' +#%&'+-#%(',/', +-%/#, "',/ ('-)+ +# ',),/
&#,/', +-%/#, "',/ &%))+', ',),/. A,/%,' *#6$%- &'*' #$'&% -'' %-%$''
(')*), -'' #$'+%%'-.
2. G#'' K%,%-
- L+'-%,"' %'-',"' #$&'*' &% &'&' -)-#$,' '') -#&%+% &% +%$% &#,/',
*#,''$', +# ##$ $'',/ ') +%$% #,/', &', '$%8'$% '/%', ),'$
*),//),/>*),&'+ +%$%.
- K)'%'- ,"#$% %'-',"' (#$)*'+', ,"#$% )(*) -#*#$% #$%,&% '') #$' &%
&'&' )+', #$'-' -#*#$% #$)-)+8)-)+.
- N"#$% #$)),/', &#,/', '+%%'- %',/ &#,/', %-%$'' %&'+ #$)),/',
&#,/', /#$'+', *#$,':'-',. N"#$% )/' &'*' &%-#'+', +'$#,' -$#- :%-%+ '')
#(-%,'.
- K)',%'- ,"#$% ',"' +)$',/ &'$% 20 (#,% *'&' ',/%,' -'% &', #% &'$% 20
(#,% *'&' ',/%,' %&'+ -'%.
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 41/47
3. P#('/%',
A,/%,' *#6$%- &'*' &%#&'+', (#,'&% 2 "'%) ',/%,' *#6$%- -'% &', ',/%,'
*#6$%- %&'+ -'%
'. A,/%,' *#6$%- T%&'+ S'%
M#$)*'+', %*# ',/%,' &#,/', +'$'+#$%'-
1. P'-%#, &#,/', ',/%,' "',/ ('-% '$) &''( 2 )'- &%(',' ',/%,' 6)+)*
#$' &', :$#+)#,-% 6)+)* -#$%,/ 3 -#'$%.
2. P'-%#, &#,/', ',/%,' "',/ ('+%, #$'(' #$' -##)(,"' ',/%,' -'%
') '&' -#$',/', ',/%,' %() #% -#$%,/ &', #% #$' -'+% &'&',"'.
3. P'-%#, &#,/', -#$',/', ',/%,' *'&' ='+) %-%$''
A,/%,' %&'+ -'% &'*' &%+'-%:%+'-%+', #$&'-'$+', +'-%:%+'-% B$'),='&
?199@ "'%)
B#$&'-'$+', #$' ',/%,'
K#'- I. A,/%', "',/ #$' ),)+ *#$'(' +'% '') ('+%, #$'(' #$',"'
,"#$% &'&'.
K#'- II. A,/%,' *'&' ='+) %-%$'' &', #$'&%,"' -)'+) &''( 1 )',
'*% %&'+ '&' -#$',/', ',/%,' &''( ='+) 4 '( #$'+%$.
K#'- III. A&',"' -#$',/', ',/%,' ='+) %-%$'' &', #$'&%,"' -#6'$' '+)
'%+ -#+'% '') #% &'( ='+) 4 '( #$+'%$.
B#$&'-'$+', +#'&'', +%,%-12
K#'- A. A,/%', '+ -'% -#+),&#$ +'$#,' '&',"' ',#(%' %,:#+-% '%, '')
:#$%-.
K#'- B. A,/%,' '+ -#% "',/ *$%(#$ '+ '&' :'+$ #+-$' +'$&%'+.
K#'- C. A,/%,' "',/ %() -##' -#$',/', %,:'$+ ',),/.
. A,/%,' P#6$%- S'%
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 42/47
A,/%,' *#6$%- -'% %'-',"' &'*' &%*$#&%+-% &'',"',"'. A,/%,' %,% &'*'
&%+'-%:%+'-%+', (#,)$) C','&%', C'$&%'-6)'$ S6%#"3
K#'- 1
A+%%'- -#'$%8'$% -#*#$% '', +'+% #$+#), ,'%+ ',//' 182 ','% &
%&'+ (#,%()+', ,"#$% &'&'. N"#$% &'&' '$) %() *& '%', "/ #$'
#$'', 6* -#$' #$)$)8)$) ='+) +#$' '') #*#$/%',
K#'- 2 A+%%'- -#'$%2 '/'+ #$''- AP %() %' (#'+)+', '+%%'-
#% #$' &$ %'-',"' -#*#$% '', +'+% 2 + ,'%+ ',//' #% &'$% 1
','% '') #$'', (#,','+> (#'=', ',/%,'
K#'- 3 A+%%'- -#'$%8'$% ,"'' #$''-. AP %() %' #$'', 182
+ ,'%+ ',//' 1 ','% &/ +#6#*'', "/ %'-'.
K#'- 4 AP - %() =+) %-%$'' -#+'%*),. H'(*%$ -()' '+%%'- &*
(#,%()+', ',/%,' #$('-)+ (',&% (#,"'*) &
4. P#,'''+-','',
P'&' )()(,"' *#,'''+-','', ',/%,' *#6$%- -'% &', %&'+ -'% -'(' "'%)'. P#(#$%', /,/', N%$' O$/',%+
G,/', ,%$' $/',%+ #+#$' -#'/'% '-&%'$. G,/', %,% &'*'
#$:),/-% ),)+ (#,/)$',/% +#))', +-%/#, &% ',),/ (')*), (#,'('
-)*'" +-%/#, +# ',),/. S#'/'% '-&%'$ ,%$' $/',%+ '+', (##*'-+',
,%$%6 %&# ),)+ (#,/#)'$+', /)'%,' -%+'-# "',/ '+', (#,'%:+', 6GMP
"',/ #$:),/-% -#'/% '-&%'$ *-.
G,/', %,% (#(%%+% #:#+ -'(*%,/ #$)*' -'+% +#*'' #$&#," :)-%,/
%(),"' $#:#+- '+%+'$&% &', '&',"' %*#,-% *-)$'.
C, ' *'&' /,/', ,%$' $/',%+ '&'' ,%$/%-#$%, %--$%&
&%,%$' &', %--$%& (,,%$'
. Q 6+#$
/,/', %,% ',"' #$:),/-% &#,/', (#,/)$',/% +#$' ',),/. O' /,/',
%,% (#,/'',/% +#$' Q 1 "',/ #$:),/-% ),)+ (#$',/-',/ +#$' ',),/. O'
%,% #$:),/-% ),)+ (#,/)$',/% +#))', +-%/#, &% ',),/.
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 43/47
O' %,% (#(%%+% +,$'%,&%+'-% *'&' -#-#$',/ "',/ (#,/%&'* '-(' +'$#,'
' %,% #$-%:' '-+,-$%+-% *- #$('-)+ $,+)-. O' %,% )/'
(#(%%+% #:#+ -'(*%,/ #$)*' $'&%+'$&% $,+-*'-(# &', %*/%+#(%'
*'&' &%'##- (#%)-.
C, ' %,% '&'' *$*', '#, (#'*$ '-#)
6. C' %,%%$
G,/', &'*' #$:),/-% -#'/'% '-&%'$ (')*), (#,/)$',/% +#$'
',),/. O' %,% &'*' &%'/% (#,'&% &)' C' %,%%$ &%%&$*%$%&%, &', C'
%,%%$ ,,8 D%%&$*%$%&%,.
C, ' %,% '&'' N%:#&%*%, "',/ (#$)*'+', '-&%'$ +)' V#$'*'(%
&', D%%';#( "',/ (#(%%+% #:#+ '-&%'$ "',/ #% $#,&' &'$% N%:#&%*%,
,'(), (#(%%+% #:#+ (#,/)$',/% +#$' ',),/.
B. STEMI ? ST E#'%, M"6'$& I,:#6%,@
'. D#:%,%-%
N"#$% *'&' %*%+' ?',/%,'@ (#$)*'+', /#'' +'$&%,' *'-%#, IMA.+%' '$)- ('(*)
(#,/#,' ,"#$% &'&' ',/%,' &', ('(*) (#(#&'+', &#,/', ,"#$% &'&'
'%,,"'+'$#,' /#'' %,% (#$)*'+', *#',&' '=' &''( *#,/#'', *'-%#, IMA.
. G#'' K%,%-
S%:' ,"#$% &'&' ',/%,' -#'/'% #$%+)
• L+'-% -)-#$,'#$-#$,' &', *$#+$&%'
• S%:' ,"#$% $'-' -'+%-#*#$% &% #+', $'-' #$'+'$ &% %,&% #,&' #$'
-#*#$% &% )-)+$'-' &% *#$'-&', &% *#%,%$
• P#,''$', %'-',"' +# #,/', +%$% &'*' )/' +# ##$ $'',/ '=' /%/%
*),//),/ > %,#$-+'*)' *#$) &', &'*' )/' +# #,/', +',',.• N"#$% (#('%+ '') %',/ &#,/', %-%$'' '') ' ,%$'
• '+$ *#,6#)- '%', :%-%+-$#- #(-% )&'$' &%,/%, &', -#-)&' ('+',.
• G#'' "',/ (#,"#$'% ()' (),' -)% #$,':'- +#$%,/' &%,/%, 6#('- &',
#('-.
6. R%='"' S'+%
- A,/%,' , #::$
- R%='"' C$,'$" A$#$" D%-#'-#
- P#$,' (#,/''(% ',/%*'-%
- R%='"' (#('+'% ,%$/%-#$%, ),)+ -'+% &'&'
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 44/47
- '+$ $#-%+ (#$++ %*#$%*%&#(%' %*#$#,-% &%'##- (#%)- $%='"'
+#)'$/' *#('+'% ++'%,
- R#-%-#, #$'&'* ,%$/%-#$%,
- T',*' +#)', &'*' &%'##- (#%)- &', )-%' ',)
&. K'-%:%+'-%
B#$&'-'$+', +'-%:%+'-% +%%* -#'/'% #$%+)
• K%%%* +'- I %&'+ '&' ',&' /'/' ',),/
• K%%* +'- II /'/' ',),/ $%,/', -#&',/ &#,/', $,+% '-' F 50 *'&'
+#&)' *'$) S3 '(*'+ +,/#-% *'&' : $'+-.
• K%%* +'- III )&#(' *'$)$,/+% '-' 50 *'&' +#&)' *'$)
•K%%* +'- IV -"+ +'$&%/#,%+%*#,-% &#,/', #+',', &'$' F 90((H/'-+,$%+-% *#$%:#$%/)$%' +,/#-% *#()) &'$' *'$).
R#-%+ +#('%', "',/ #$%,//% +'- III &', +'- IV.
#. E#+$+'$&%/$':%
P#(#$%+-'', EKG 12 -',&'*', '$)- &% '+)+', *'&' -#()' *'-%#, &#,/', ,"#$% &'&'
'') +#)', "',/ &% 6)$%/'% STEMI . *#(#$%+-'', EKG &% IGD (#$)*'+', ',&'-',
&''( (#,#,)+', +#*))-', #$'*% +'$#,' )+% +)' (#,),)++', /'('$', ##'-%
-#/(#, ST &'*' (#,/%&#,%:%+'-% *'-%#, "',/ #$(',:'' ),)+ &% '+)+', #$'*%
$#*#$:)-% %+' *#(#$%+-'', EKG '=' %&'+ &%'/,-%+ ),)+ STEMI #'*% *'-%#, #'*
-%(('%+ &', #$&'*' +#6)$%/'', +)' STEMI EKG -#$%' &#,/', %,#$' 5 10
(#,% '') *#(',')', 12 -',&'*', -#6'$' +,%,").'$)- &% '+)+', ),)+ (#,&##+-%
+#(),/+%,', *#,-% *#$+#(',/', ##'-% -#/(#, ST.*'&' *'-%#, &#,/', STEMI
%,:#$%$ EKG -%-% +',', '$)- &% '(% ),)+ (#,&##+-% +#(),/+%,', %,:'$+ *'&'
#,$%+# +',',.
S#'/%', #-'$ *$#-#,'-% '=' ##'-% -#/(#, ST (#,/''(% #)-% (#,'&%/#(',/ *'&' EKG "',/ '+%$,"' &% &%'/,-%- %,:'$+ (%+'$& /#(',/ .
-#'/%', +#6% (#,#'* (#,'&% %,:'$+ (%+'$& /#(',/ ,, .%+' $)+-% $()-
%&'+ '-$)+-% #$-%:' -#(#,'$' '') &% #()+', +'#$'%'-',"' %&'+ &%
#()+', ##'-% -#/(#, ST.
:. P#,'''+-','',
- EKG
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 45/47
S#/#$' '+)'+', 12 -',&'*', EKG &', -#/#$' '+)+', *#(#$%', '8
'', &', *#(#$%', -'(*# &'$'
- P#(#$%', O2 284 >(#,%
P#(#$%', O2 &%#$%+', ),)+ (#,/''-% %*+-#(%' '+%' %&'+ -#$'-% ','$'
#,%'-% *#$:)-%. A*'%' *#(#$%', O2 #)( &'*' (#(*#$'%+% +#'&'',
*'-%#, ('+' '$)- &%#$%+', %,)'-% #,&$'+#' &', #,%'-% (#+',%-.
- N%$' N%$/%-#$%,
P#(#$%', ,%$' -#'%+,"' '%8'% '/% *#,&#$%' %*#,-% '') '+%'$&%
#$' +'$#,' &'*' (#(*#$*'$' %-+#(% (%+'$&
- P#,"#+' #'
D%#$%+', *'&' -'&%)( &%,% ),)+ (#(''-% )'-,"' %,:'$+
- A-*%$%,
D%/),'+', -#'/'% ',%*'## '/$#/'-%
- A,'/#%+'
R'-' -'+% (#,"#'+', /',//)', ,(%+ "',/ &'*' (#,"#'+',
'$%(%' %*#,-% '') %*#$#,-% "',/ '+', (#(*#$)'- %,:'$+. A,'/#%+
?($:%,@ &'*' (#,/)$',/% $'-' -'+% &', (#,"#'+', #,&%''-% -#%,//'
&'*' (#,)$),+', *$#'&.
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 46/47
BAB V
KESIMPULAN
P'&' +'-)- ,. U-(', (#,&#$%' ,"#$% &'&' "',/ &%$'-'+', -'' %' -#&',/
#$('%, '. S'' &%'=' +# UGD ,. U-(', (#(#/',/ &'&',"' &#,/', #'*'+
',/',,"' ' %,% &'*' (#,/%,&%+'-%+', '=' T,. U-(', (#,/''(% ,"#$% &'&' )(*)
"',/ (#$)*'+', -'' -') /#'' +'- &'$% ',/%,' *#6$%-. T,. U-(', )/' (#,"''+',
'=' ,"#$% "',/ %' $'-'+', (#,''$ +# ##$ ') +%$% #,/', +%$% &', *),//),/ ' %,%
)/' (#$)*'+' ',&' &'$% '&',"' ',/%,' *#6$%-.
P'&' *#(#$%+-'', EKG &%#()+', '=' T,. U-(', (#(%%+% ##$'*' ST
##'-%. H' %,% &'*' #$'$% '=' T,. U-(', (#,/''(% STEMI +'$#,' -#'%, '&',"' ST
##'-% #$&'*' *)' /#'' +%,%- A6)# C$,'$" S",&$(#. S##' &%'+)'+', ##$'*'
*#,/'', T,. U-(', (#,/''(% +,&%-% %&'+ -'&'$ &', %$'(' EKG &%#()+', %&'+
#$')$ ' %,% (#(),/+%,+', '#' ,. U-(', )/' (#,/''(% $-'&# &# *%,#- "',/
&'*' (#,"#'+', +#('%', (#,&'&'+.
7/21/2019 Laporan Kasus II ACS STEMI
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/laporan-kasus-ii-acs-stemi 47/47
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
1. D',)-',- H. B)+) S'+) I() P#,"'+% P'$). J'+'$' P#,#$% H%*+$'#- 2000
2. P',//'#', MM. P#$%+'$&%%-. I, S)&" A! S#%"'&% B A=% I S%('&%$'' M
S#%'% S #&%$-. B)+) A'$ I() P#,"'+% D''(. 5 #&. J'+'$' I,#$,' P)%-%,/
2009. *.172587.
3. R'(', AM. A,/%,' P#+$%- S'%. I, I, S)&" A! S#%"'&% B A=% I
S%('&%$'' M S#%'% S E&%$-. B)+) A'$ I() P#,"'+% D''(. 4 #&. J'+'$'
I,#$,' P)%-%,/ P)-' P#,#$%', I() P#,"'+% D''( 2007. *. 173589.
4. B%6+#" LS. B)+) S'+) P#(#$%+-'', %-%+ &', R%='"' K#-#'', B'#-. 5 #&.
J'+'$' P#,#$% B)+) K#&+#$', EGC 200.
5. S#$=& L. %-%/% M',)-%' &'$% S# +# S%-#(. J'+'$' P#,#$% B)+)
K#&+#$', EGC2004.
. !%&'' S. EKG P$'+%-. J'+'$' B%,'$)*' A+-'$' 2009.
7. T'#$ MS. S')8-'),"' )+) EKG "',/ ',&' *#$)+',. I, !'' AS P#$&', TIM
N)/$ A! #&%$-. 5 #&. J'+'$' EGC 2009. *.980 9 10285 13485 13 2098
37.
. M'"C%,%6 -'::. E-*'/#' -*'-(. A'%'# '
*>>===.('"6%,%6.6(>#'>#-*'/#'8-*'-(->DS0073. A66#--#& 21 M'"
2011.
9. D)/&'# DC L,/-$# G %## D. E-*'/#' -*'-(. A'%'# '
*>>===.,(.,%./>(#&%,#*)->#,6">'$%6#>00029.(. A66#--#& 21 M'"
2011.
10. B$=, CT. P#,"'+% A#$-+##$-%+ K$,#$. I, P$%6# SA !%-, LC #&%$-.P':%-%/% K,-#* K%,%- P$-#-8*$-#- P#,"'+%. #&. J'+'$' EGC 2005.
*.5081.
11. S)"',' D. O' A$%(%' J',),/. I, G),'=', GS S#%')&" R N':$%'&%
E"-'# #&%$-. '$('+/% &', T#$'*%. 5 #&. J'+'$' B''% P#,#$% KUI
2007. *.32871.