Taller de Diseño de Picosatélites (CUBESATS) y Estaciones ...

TallerdeDiseñodePicosatélites(CUBESATS)yEstacionesdeTierra

TallerdeDiseñodePicosatélites(CUBESATS)yEstacionesdeTierra.©HéctorSalvador 1

Session8StudentProjectsandCommercial

Spin‐Offs

HéctorSalvadorLaboratorioparaExperimentaciónen

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

TallerdeDiseñodePicosatélites(CUBESATS)yEstacionesdeTierra.©HéctorSalvador

Objectives

Comprender:

• ¿ParaquépuedeservirunCubeSat?• AlgunossubsistemascomercialesparaCubeSat,a

grandesrasgos...• AspectospeculiaresdelaCubeSatCommunity

• DeunproyectodeestudiantesaunaSpin‐Off

Inspiración...

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TallerdeDiseñodePicosatélites(CUBESATS)yEstacionesdeTierra.©HéctorSalvador 3

Content

• Background,storyandevolution

• CommercialSolutions

• CubeSatmissions

• UniversityProjects

• FuturePerspective

• Swarmmissions

• Conclusions

• Discussion


Student Projects

• Certainskillscannotbestudied...

• Applytheoryonpractical

assignments

• Sourceofmotivation...

• Demonstratehow‘clever’youare!

DANGER:Studentprojectsarehighlyaddictive!!

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A visionary...

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Standard ‘CanSat’:

• Size: 330 ml Soft drink Can (115x66mm)• Mass: 330 ml Soft drink Can (350 gr.)


From dreams to reality

• Shortdevelopmenttime• Lowbudget

• Realproject‘scaled’phases• Subsystemsminiaturization• REALOperations

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CanSat Kit - $259


International CanSat Competition

• 8th‐11thApril,2010• Designreviewswithindustryeng.

• Teamwork,internationalenvironment• Firststep...

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http://cansat.leem.es/

http://cansat.leem.es

http://cansat.leem.es


CubeSat!

8

KiloWattYear


Pumpkin CubeSat Kit

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Only $7.500!


CubeSat Kit Components

• CubeSatStructure• FM430FlightModule/MB+PluggableProcessor

• DevelopmentBoard• USBCable• ProgrammingadapterforFM430

• Remove‐Before‐Flightpin• TIparallelMSP430JTAGFETprogrammer/debugger

• Programmingsoftware• +5VUniversalPowerSupply

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Pumpkin Structure

• 5052‐H32Aluminumhard‐anodized• Goldalodynedinterfaces

• 190grams(1USkeletonized)• Pre‐cutslotsforFM430• Vertical,stackassembly

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FM430 Flight Module

• TI’ssingle‐chip16‐bitMSP430ultralow‐powerRISCmicrocontrollerwith50‐60Flash,2‐10KbRAM,48I/Opins,2USART,2SPI,1I2C,12‐bitADC,12‐bitDAC,3DMA

• Stackable104‐pinCubeSatKitBusconnectors

• ReplacedbyMotherboardandPluggableProcessorModules

• 74grams• BaseofmanyCubeSats

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Delfi-C3

• Developedby60students(LR&EWI),3years• BasedonPumpkin3UstructureandOBC

• Threepayloads:– ThinFilmSolarCells(DutchSpace)– AutonomousWirelessSunSensor(TNO)– RadioAmateurTransceiver

• Nobattery,passiveACS• Successfuloperations!

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Delfi-C3 Architecture

Subsystemspecifics• Powersubsystemw/obatteries• AOCSusingmagnetic‐damping• Passivethermalsubsystem• DecentralizedCDHS• DecentralizedElectricalPowerSystem(EPS)

CDHS• EachPCBcontrolledbymicrocontroller• Mass214g(11%savingoftotalwrtstar)

EPS• EachPCBprotectedbymicrocontroller• Power0.07W(11%savingoftotalwrtcentr.)

Communications• UplinkUHF@435MHz,600bpsManchesterFSK• DownlinkVHF@145MHz,1200bpsBPSK

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Delfi-C3 P/L and S/S

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MAB - Modular antenna boxes Modified Pumpkin Structure

Radio-Amateur Transponder

SFL X-Pod


Spin-off

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• ISIS - Innovative Solutions In Space BV

• Founded by 5 students involved on Delfi-C3

• More than 25 young staff today!

• Fresh ideas and advanced concepts


CubeSat Structures

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• EasyaccessibilityandIntegration• Availablein1,1.5,2,3,4,5,and6U• Multiplecircuitboardssize

supported:– PC/104Standard– Custom94x94boards

• Multiplecircuitboardstackorientations

• Primarystructure(1U)=100g• Primary+secondary=200g• From2.300Eur(1U)


TTC Subsystem (TRXVU)

• VHFTransmitter– 130‐160MHz– 400mWPEP,200mWaverage– BPSK,1200bits/s– ProtocolAX.25– CWbeaconmode

• UHFReceiver– 400‐450MHz– ManchesterFSK,300‐1200bits/s

• 120grams• Otheroptions:RXV,TXV,RXU,TXU,TXS,Custom

• From4.000(RXV/U)to8.500Eur(TRXVU,TXS)

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(Some) other products

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Miniaturized Analog Fine Sun Sensor

(TNO)

Deployable Antenna System & Phasing Boards

2U & 3U DeployerISI-POD

Launch Services


CubeSat Deployers

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• StandardinterfacefordifferentL/Vs• Minimizes/EliminatesriskstothePrimaryP/L

• SimplifiesAcceptanceTestsandFAR• SimplifiesICfortheLaunchprovider• EasyIntegration

• Lateaccess

©TU Delft


P-POD

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• Poly‐PicosatelliteOrbitalDeployer• DevelopedbyCalPoly

©CalPoly


FlyMate™

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Astrofein

• Astro- und Feinwerktechnik Adlershof GmbH, developed from the Berlin-Adlershof Research Center of DLR. Independent since Oct. 1993

• Expertise in Optical Payloads and ACS• Applications from pico to small (300

kg) satellites

• SPL - Single Picosatellite Launcher - ITAR Free!

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SPL @ SPFC

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Reaction Wheels

• RW1forPicoandNanoSatellites• AngularMomentum

– TypeA:5,8•10‐4Nms@8000rpm– TypeB:1,0•10‐4Nms@8000rpm

• Max.RotationSpeedca.16380rpm

• NominalTorque– A:23•10‐6Nm– B:4•10‐6Nm

• Dimensions‐ø21x12mm

• Mass– A:20g– B:12g

• Threeaxisstabilizedplatform!

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Other Products

Customdesignof:• DeployableBooms(ESADoubleStar)

• Fold‐outsolarpanelstructures(DLRBIRD)• OpticalPayloads

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ClydeSpace

• Foundedin2005,experiencefromSSTL• Designandproductionofhighperformancepower

subsystems,lithiumpolymerbatteriesandhighefficiencysolarpanelsforsmallandmicrosatellites

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ClydeSpace EPS

• 3BCRs,eachwithadedicatedactiveMaximumPowerPointtracker

• EndofChargeVoltagecontroller‘constantcurrent/constantvoltage’chargeregime(Li‐IonandLi‐Pobatteries)

• 3,3V,5VandRawbuses

• 5VUSBchargeline

• DedicatedTLMandTCmicrocontroller

• [email protected]

• Integratedheaterandthermostat

• Over‐currentprotection

• Temperature,VoltageandcurrentTLM

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ClydeSpace Solar Panels

• Assemblycompatiblewitharangeofsolarcelltypesfromarangeofmanufacturers(Spectrolab(US)‐AzurSpace(EU))

• Temperaturesensorsoneverypanel

• Bespokemagnetorquerdesignscanbeembeddedintothepanels

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GOM Space

• Spin‐offcompanyfromAalborguniversity(DK)• Engineeringandconsultingservices

• MissiontailoredSubsystems

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NanoPower P-series NanoCom NanoMind


CubeSat Kit Bus

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Clyde EPS

ISIS TTC

Pump. OBC

• Standard connection and interfaces (I2C Bus)• Easy to stack• Easy to substitute if own system is not ready

©ISIS


CubeSat Shop

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• Differentproductsarehighlycompatible(CubeSatKitBus,PC/104)

• CooperationratherthanCompetition

• Singlecontactpointwithmultiplesuppliers

• Alsosinglesupportpoint

• Economyofscale:reducedcost,productavailability

• Alsocustomsolutions!


Example

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Space Segment:22,200 Eur

Almost 500 g available for payload!


Launch Services

• Economyofscale:multiplelaunchopportunities,cheaper

• FacilitatesinteractionwithLaunchprovider

• Orbitselection!!

• Flexibility

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http://www.ISISLaunch.com/

http://www.isislaunch.nl

http://www.isislaunch.nl


COTS Solutions

• Payloadfocussedproject

• Facilitatesthedevelopmentofafirstproject

• Minimizesmissionfailurerisks

• Wideinternationalcommunity

...andstill,somuchtolearn!

35©IKEA


CubeSat Missions

• Education‐Always?Only?

• TechnologyDemonstration

• ScientificExperimentation

• CapabilityDemonstration

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Why?


Technology Readiness Level

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ESATRLSummary# Leveldescription

1 Basicprinciplesobservedandreported

2 Technologyconceptand/orapplicationformulated

3 Analytical&experimentalcriticalfunctionand/orcharacteristicproof‐of‐concept

4 Componentand/orbreadboardvalidationinlaboratoryenvironment

5 Componentand/orbreadboardvalidationinrelevantenvironment

6 System/Subsystemmodelorprototypedemonstrationinarelevantenvironment(groundorspace)

7 Systemprototypedemonstrationinaspaceenvironment

8 Actualsystemcompletedand“Flightqualified”throughtestanddemonstration(groundorspace)

9 Actualsystem“Flightproven”throughsuccessfulmissionoperations


Technology Readiness Level/2

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©NASA/Wikipedia

Industry needs to increase the TRL of their products...

....Students need payloads (and money) for their educational projects

Cure for “TRL Valley of Death”(SpaceX, DragonLab User Conference)


Delfi-C3 Payloads

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ThinFilmSolarCells(DutchSpace)

AutonomousWirelessSunSensor(TNO)


Delfi-n3Xt Payloads

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SDMDIMES

SplashNLR

MPSCosine

ITRXISIS

T3µPSTNO, TUD, UT


LEEMSat Programme Objectives

Developa‘fully‐fledged’studentsatellitetotakestudentpayloadsintoLEO

1stStep:LEEMSat‐I‐CommercialBus&StudentPayloads

• Learnhowtodevelopasatellite

• Createinfrastructure,toolsandknow‐how

• NetworkofSpanishstudents,differentuniversities

• IncreaseownsubsystemsTRL,nonmissioncritical

• Promotethedevelopmentofstudentsciencepayloads

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University Project Characteristics

Teamrequirements• Full‐timeProjectManager

• SystemEngineers(Systemic)• ProjectbreakdowninWP(Systematic)• Studentrecognition(Thesis,Internship)

Studentconstraints

• Limitedavailability• Involvedforalimitedtime(Lossofknowledge)• Thesisoriented

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Future Perspectives

What’snext?

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Future Perspectives

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NASA “Cube-and-Play”

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• NASAAmesdevelopsNanosatMissionsforspaceflightdemonstrationofadvancedsubsystemsandpayloadtechnologies

• Common,reusableplatformsandarchitecturesallowrapiddeveloped,low‐costspacemissions

NextCubeAModular,Extensible,CubeSat‐BasedNanosatelliteSystem

WaferNanosatelliteRideshareAdapterFalcon1/1EandMinotaur1


National Science Foundation

• TheDirectorateforGeosciences,NSF,starteddevelopingCubeSatsforSpaceWeatherResearch

• MissionsandpayloadsareproposedtoUniversitiestobedeveloped...

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Team29 st. on core team8 st. in project courses2 eng. from SPRL3 eng. from SRI1 faculty member1 scientist

Scientists need to fly an instrument......Students need a mission to learn!


Miniaturization

“...ImaginewhatcouldbedonebylaunchinganiPhonetoSpace...”Prof.RobertTwiggs,QB50Workshop

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MEMSMicro‐Electrical‐MechanicalSystem

Lab‐on‐a‐chip Sat‐on‐a‐chip?

SSTL


Choose the ‘best’ tool

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Vs.


Future Perspectives

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Vs.

1 Satellite10 Instruments35 days Repeat Cycle8211 kg

50 Satellites1 InstrumentMulti-point, daily measurements(1+1)*50 = 200 kg


QB50

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von Karman Institute

for Fluid Dynamics

Swarm of 50 satellites, developed by worldwide universities

- Launch opportunity and science payload are provided

- Multi-point measurements of the Lower Thermosphere


OLFAR

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AIS System

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Detect emitted AIS (Automatic Identification System) messages from space

AIS messages reception limited by range (local horizon)

Collect data from all AIS equipped vessels in the world, every 3 hours


Future Perspectives

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It’sover?


PocketQub

Structuresfrom$350

CompleteBusfrom$950

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“...Imaginea1UCubeSat

deploying8smallersatellites...”Prof.RobertTwiggs,EuropeanCubeSatWorkshop


Conclusions

• Studentprojectscanleadto‘first‐class’Spin‐offs

• ScientistsandIndustriescancooperatewithUniversitiesforrealvaluemissions

• MultipleCOTSsolutionsmakeitpossibletofocusonpayloadandmissionspecificissues

• Uniquelevelofstandardizationandcooperation,likenowhereelseinSpace!

• CubeSatswillplayanimportantroleintheupcomingyears(‘FlightProven’concept)

• Easy,fastandcheapaccesstoSpace(morewillcome...)

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Discussion

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Let’shavefun!LEEMSat‐Imeeting‐Viernes4,16:30

Taller de Diseño de Picosatélites (CUBESATS) y Estaciones ...

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