ABSORPTION, SOUNDNESS AND SALINITY INDEX OF

CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS OF CHETUPHON

TEMPLE,

SUKHOTHAI WORLD HERITAGE CULTURE

By

Thithana Jarernwatthanaporn 54010603

Panupan Putthangkoon 54010990 Supawat Fungthammasarn 54011296

Advisor; Miss Uba Sirikaew

1.Introduction

2. Literature Review

3. Method of Study 4. References

Presentation Outline

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Statement of the problem

Historical site

effected by

tourists;

- Impact

Load

- Sweat from Touching

What about ware and toughness of construction materials ?

1.2 Objectives

1.2.1 Determine water absorption, soundness of rocks

1.2.2 Test on salinity effected rocks samples

1.3 Scope of Study

2 kind of rocks include 1.slate 2.laterite

Laterite Slate

1.4 Benefits

1) Understand the physical properties of

construction materials, related to their

physical and mechanical weathering.

2) Determine the factors destroyed the

building stone at Chetupon Temple of

Sukhothai World Heritage Site

3) Collaborate knowledge to people to maintain and preserve the Ancient Sites

2. LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Site

Chetupon Temple South of Sukhothai Heritage Site

Chetuphon Temple’s rock

Chetuphon temple is an ancient temple build form

Laterite and Slate

2.1 Site

Slate Quarry Archiological Site

2.2 Engineering Properties of Slate and Laterite 2.2.1Slate is a metamorphic rock derived from original

shale-type. It’s very fine-grained and will form smooth flat

sheet of stone which have long been used for roofing and floor

tiles and other purposes

Slate property

1.Resistant to acid.

2.Durable.

3.Nonflammable and Each fire.

4.Natural Materials and non-Environment impact

5.Poorly moisture absorption

2.2.2 Laterite is a natural material rich in iron and

aluminium, formed in hot and wet tropical area. It

develop by intensive and long-lasting weathering of

the underlying parent rock. In History, laterite was

used in construction.

Laterite property

Laterite is soft while it is below the ground and it

gradually hardens when it exposure to air.

Not swell in water

2.3 Existing Research on Tourist Impact to Heritage Sites - At Petra, Jordan; In 2006 Tom Paradise, Visitor Impact of Petra’s

stones. the wall of stone has impacted by tourists’ leaning, touching by

sweating hand, rubbing and propping their feet against the wall.

- In 2010, Noushine Shahidzadeh Bonn, Francois Bertrand and

Daniel Bonn investigate the origins of salt damage in sandstones.

Picture a. Salt crystals in space/Picture b. Salt crystals grow at 4 times

3. METHOD OF STUDY

3.1 Evaluation of Testing Condition

1)Use the climate from the record of Sukhothai Station, Thai

Meteorological Department

2) Human Sweat from Sodium Chloride(NaCl) general called

salt or Halide that is chemical compounds. Nacl make The ocean salty and important for organism

3.2 Testing Methods; Soundness, Water Absorption

and Solution Salinity obtained from samples

Based on ASTM C88 & C373

Salinity Solution

measured by Portable

Salinity Meter

(Saliity AZ8371 ppt unit)

3.3 Number of Tested Sample

• Representative Samples obtained from the places;

Floor, Stair, Windows, etc

• Rock at Quarry; about 30 samples

• Rock at the heritage site; use non-destructive method;

Schmidt Hammer

3.4 Schedule

Activity Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan15 Feb15

1.Study related researchs xx x xx xxx xx

2.Laboratory, Calibration, Testing xx xx xxxx

3.Presentation English Pcractice x x x xx

4.Sampling, Field Work xx xxxx x

5. Report Writing & Correction xx xxxx xxx

6.Presentation & Report Submitting x x x

http://www.su.ac.th/sukhothai/Sukhothai/html_south/sukhothai_thai_about_south_04.html

https://www.facebook.com/103154243175597/photos/a.1671132134463

66.1073741837.103154243175597/167113276779693/?type=3&theater

https://sites.google.com/site/historicalpark/Home/xuthyan-prawatisastr-

sukhothay/sthan-thi-na-snci-nxk-kaphaeng-meuxng-dan-ti/wad-che-tu-

phn

http://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%

E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%9E%

E0%B8%99

http://www.sukhothai.go.th/tour/tour_01.htm

4. REFERENCES

http://www.aksorn.com/lib/detail_print.php?topicid=768 http://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/ศิลาแลง

http://secondsci.ipst.ac.th/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=45:2010-10-18-08-52-00&catid=19:2009-05-04-05-01-

56&Itemid=34

http://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/หินแปร

http://www.myfirstbrain.com/student_view.aspx?ID=6408

http://www.lepm.net/tiles/slate/roofing.html http://deaw12.exteen.com/20080824/slate

http://abacco.co.th/th/หินชนวน