Creating Solutions for Health

through Technology Innovation

Karthik Vasanth

General Manager, Medical and High Reliability Business Unit

Texas Instruments, Inc

Outline

Healthcare trends and opportunities

Semiconductors in healthcare

Examples :

Ultrasound

Connected health

Electronics in the body

Future trends

3

Aging populations

• In ten years (2019), 32% more people in the US will be over 65 years than today. By 2025 1.2 billion people will be over 50 years old, twice as many as in 2006.

Sources: World Health Organization (WHO), National Health Expenditure Report 2009, Databeans, Frost & Sullivan, Economic Times

Remote and emerging markets

• China healthcare expenditure increased from 3.7% of GDP in 1995 to 5.6% in 2007

• India government proposed in 2008 to increase public expenditure on health care from 1% to 3% of GDP

Personal healthcare • 33% of medical semiconductor revenue in 2008

went into consumer medical devices

Rising healthcare costs

• U.S. healthcare spending more than 17% of GDP, Europe not far behind

• Costs expected to grow from $2.5 trillion in 2009 to $4.5 trillion in 2019

Strong global trends driving the market

4

4

Anywhere

Healthcare trends and opportunities

Early diagnostics/ Real-time monitoring

Doctor’s office

Telehealth

Hospital

Cost efficient

Precision/Performance

Portable/

affordable

Electronic Health Records

Personalized

Emergency care/

Remote

Handheld/Bodyworn

Connected

Sports/fitness

Patient comfort

Chronic disease

•ECG

•EEG

•Blood oxygen (pulse oximeter)

•Blood pressure

•Temperature

•Ventilation/ respiration

•Defibrillators

• Implantable devices

Diagnostic, patient monitoring

and therapy

Diverse and broad market

Medical instruments

•Laboratory equipment

•Dialysis machines

•Analytical instruments

•Surgical instruments

•Dental instruments

•Digital thermometers

•Blood glucose monitor

•Blood pressure monitor

• Insulin pumps

•Heart rate monitors

•Audiology (digital hearing aids)

Consumer medical devices

Medical imaging

•Ultrasound

•CT

•MRI

•X-Ray

•Other imaging (nuclear, positron emission tomography)

What does a semiconductor do in healthcare?

2000 and beyond

Healthcare transformed

Healthcare revolution

► Smaller size

► Lower power

► Higher performance

Trends for innovation

Doctor’s office Uncomfortable

Diagnostic, patient monitoring

and therapy

Medical imaging

Consumer medical devices

Medical instruments

+ +

Patient’s home Comfortable

Cost efficient Short time to market Portable New technologies Connected

Radiology center

Remote regions/triage

Laboratory

Innovation

Wireless

Ultrasound

PET / CT / MRI

Digital X-ray

New innovation

Medical possibilities

Need analog

And digital

processing

Imaging Health

Doctors office / Hospital

Personal Health and Fitness

Ultrasound

PET / CT / MRI

Digital X-ray

New innovation

Design Challenges

Need analog

And digital

processing

Imaging

Health

Doctors office / Hospital

Personal Health

• Low power, smaller

• Multi channel

• Improved performance

• High precision

• Packaging

• Improved performance

• High precision

• Packaging

• Power

• Mixed signal integration

• Packaging

• Power

• TBD

• Mixed signal integration

• Packaging

• Power

Example: Bringing ultrasound to the Point-of-Care

Tsunami

Military Mt. Everest

Images courtesy of Sonosite

11

Signal chain analysis

+90V

+45V

+/-0V

-45V

-90V

10uV-1V (100 dB)

0.85nV/rtHz

1.5KW

-5V

1.5KW

+5V

Pulse

VCALNA VCA ADC 12bit

40MSPS

2-3

pole

filter

CW

MUX

P 0 _ A

N 0 _ A

P 1 _ A P 2 _ A

N 2 _ A N 1 _ A

+ HV 1 + HV 2

- HV 2 - HV 1 GND

GND

20dB <35dB

• Trade off in ADC bits, power, VCA range and sampling speed

• Known time characteristics

Evolving: Ultrasound Miniaturization Greater integration and new architectures

40% smaller

50% less power

2x performance

Weight scale

Blood pressure monitor

Smart bandage

Vital Signs Monitoring

Health & Chronic Disease Management

Example: Connected health opportunities

Clinical Patient Monitoring

GSM/GPRS

Bluetooth®/

Bluetooth

Low-Energy (BLE)

Zigbee/

802.15.4

sub-1GHz ISM band (433 MHz/868 MHz/

915 MHz)

2.4GHz ISM band

(Zigbee/802.15.4/BT/BLE)

BAN

HAN

LAN

WAN

WLAN (802.11a/b/g/n)

ANT/ANT+

Passive non-Battery

Operated RF/RFID

Example: Taking health care into the home

• Heart-rate monitor

• Watch/shoe combination for monitoring miles and calories

• Remote temperature sensor

• Glucose meter and insulin pump

• Remote body monitoring

• Fall detection

• Implantable pacemaker

• Home defibrillator

• Wireless weight scale

Aging independently

Chronic disease management

Sports and fitness

Developing Personal Health

Digital thermometer

Body composition

Home pulse-ox

Heart Rate Monitor

Data Aggregator : Smart Tablet

16

Intelligent watches

Portable monitoring

Smoke detectors

Exercise Monitoring

Ultra low power

Portable evolution requires lower power and more features

eBook

Audio recorder

Digital Stethoscope

Very low power

Months

Battery charge / Battery life

Hands free car kit

Touchscreen

Musical instruments

SDR

Barcode Scanners

Multi parameter

medical

Days Plugged in

to minutes/hours Weeks

Example: Electronics inside the human body

Deep brain

stimulation

Cochlear

implant

Gastric

pacemaker Neuro-

stimulator

Implantable

devices

Retinal

implant

18

What’s Different about Medical Implantable Applications?

Networking Consumer Implantable units

Node 65nm 40nm 130nm

Gates 41,000 15,000 300 K

Memory 32 9 8 Mb

Area 251 40 24 mm2

Freq 900 400 1 MHz

Dynamic

Power

65 2.6 .000002 (2uW)

W

Leakage 10 0.4 0.0000002

(200nW)

W

Temp 125 85 37 C

or 40, if you

have a fever

19

Energy Harvesting – Future Trends

Source

Characteristic

Conversion

Efficiency

Harvested

Power

Indoor 0.1 mW/cm2 10uW/cm2

Outdoor 100 mW/cm2 10mW/cm2

Human0.5m @ 1Hz

1 m/s2 @50 Hz4uW/cm2

Machine1m @5 Hz

10m/s2 @1kHz100uW/cm2

Human 20 mW/cm2 0.1% 25uW/cm2

Machine 100 mW/cm2 3% 1-10mW/cm2

900MHz 0.3uW/cm2

1800MHz 0.1 uW/cm2

0.1uW/cm2

Thermal

RF (GSM) 50%

Energy Source

10 ... 24%

Source

dependant

Light

Vibration

20

Energy Scavenging : Si challenges

Care-abouts:

Energy interfaces with high efficiency end-to-end conversion for

various energy sources

Optimizing the interface to the source and efficient control is critical

Summary

Strong macro-economic trends are driving the

healthcare market

Medical electronics can help make healthcare more

flexible, affordable and accessible

Semiconductor innovation makes medical electronics

smaller, power efficient, connected and feature-rich

Thank you!

Visit us at www.ti.com/medical