eDSPLab: remote laboratory for experiments on DSP applications
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Internet Research eDSPLab: remote laboratory for experiments on DSP applications F. Barrero S. Toral S. Gallardo Article information: To cite this document: F. Barrero S. Toral S. Gallardo, (2008),"eDSPLab: remote laboratory for experiments on DSP applications", Internet Research, Vol. 18 Iss 1 pp. 79 - 92 Permanent link to this document: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240810849603 Downloaded on: 02 October 2014, At: 03:36 (PT) References: this document contains references to 23 other documents. To copy this document: [email protected] The fulltext of this document has been downloaded 780 times since 2008* Users who downloaded this article also downloaded: (2005),"ZiLOG releases new ROM microcontroller family optimised for universal remote control and wireless applications", Microelectronics International: An International Journal, Vol. 22 Iss 1 pp. - (1998),"CRAY T3E-1200 supercomputer", Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, Vol. 70 Iss 2 pp. - D.J. Evans, S. Ghanemi, (1989),"A VLSI Systolic Implementation of a String Pattern Matcher — Part I", Kybernetes, Vol. 18 Iss 2 pp. 47-61 Access to this document was granted through an Emerald subscription provided by 500409 [] For Authors If you would like to write for this, or any other Emerald publication, then please use our Emerald for Authors service information about how to choose which publication to write for and submission guidelines are available for all. Please visit www.emeraldinsight.com/authors for more information. About Emerald www.emeraldinsight.com Emerald is a global publisher linking research and practice to the benefit of society. The company manages a portfolio of more than 290 journals and over 2,350 books and book series volumes, as well as providing an extensive range of online products and additional customer resources and services. Emerald is both COUNTER 4 and TRANSFER compliant. The organization is a partner of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and also works with Portico and the LOCKSS initiative for digital archive preservation. *Related content and download information correct at time of download. Downloaded by UNIVERSIDAD DE SEVILLA At 03:36 02 October 2014 (PT)
Transcript of eDSPLab: remote laboratory for experiments on DSP applications
Internet ResearcheDSPLab: remote laboratory for experiments on DSP applicationsF. Barrero S. Toral S. Gallardo
Article information:To cite this document:F. Barrero S. Toral S. Gallardo, (2008),"eDSPLab: remote laboratory for experiments on DSP applications",Internet Research, Vol. 18 Iss 1 pp. 79 - 92Permanent link to this document:http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10662240810849603
Downloaded on: 02 October 2014, At: 03:36 (PT)References: this document contains references to 23 other documents.To copy this document: [email protected] fulltext of this document has been downloaded 780 times since 2008*
Users who downloaded this article also downloaded:(2005),"ZiLOG releases new ROM microcontroller family optimised for universal remote control andwireless applications", Microelectronics International: An International Journal, Vol. 22 Iss 1 pp. -(1998),"CRAY T3E-1200 supercomputer", Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, Vol. 70 Iss 2 pp.-D.J. Evans, S. Ghanemi, (1989),"A VLSI Systolic Implementation of a String Pattern Matcher — Part I",Kybernetes, Vol. 18 Iss 2 pp. 47-61
Access to this document was granted through an Emerald subscription provided by 500409 []
For AuthorsIf you would like to write for this, or any other Emerald publication, then please use our Emerald forAuthors service information about how to choose which publication to write for and submission guidelinesare available for all. Please visit www.emeraldinsight.com/authors for more information.
About Emerald www.emeraldinsight.comEmerald is a global publisher linking research and practice to the benefit of society. The companymanages a portfolio of more than 290 journals and over 2,350 books and book series volumes, as well asproviding an extensive range of online products and additional customer resources and services.
Emerald is both COUNTER 4 and TRANSFER compliant. The organization is a partner of the Committeeon Publication Ethics (COPE) and also works with Portico and the LOCKSS initiative for digital archivepreservation.
*Related content and download information correct at time of download.
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eDSPLab: remote laboratory forexperiments on DSP applications
F. Barrero, S. Toral and S. GallardoSchool of Advanced Engineering, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
Abstract
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a remote lab and a web-based teachingenvironment which provides access for remote control of Digital Signal Processors (DSP device) andreal instrumentation. The framework, named eDSPLab, has been designed using LabVIEW fordebugging and testing Digital Signal Processing (DSP) experiments in a real lab without physical andtemporal restrictions, and it has been integrated as a service in a modern e-learning application domainand a Learning Management System (LMS) to reinforce its utility.
Design/methodology/approach – A literature review is presented to provide background to theprogressive role that DSP and DSP devices play in Information and Communications Technology(ICT)-demanded job profiles, and the role that a computer-mediated environment plays in modernteaching methodologies. The web service access control architecture is defined.
Findings – The paper provides new insights into the use of the Internet for laboratory teaching.
Research limitations/implications – This research was limited to one particular remote lab.Results could be extended if students’ perceptions and their acceptance of the new e-learningtechnology are examined using an information system theory, such as the Technology AcceptanceModel (TAM).
Originality/value – This paper fulfils a need for adapting the teaching methodology applied in anundergraduate Advanced Microprocessor course of the Telecommunication Engineering degree at theUniversity of Seville, Spain, allowing the development of laboratory experiments anywhere andanytime, avoiding one of the problems in lab training: the low number of laboratory working places inrelation to the high number of enrolled students. The system developed has been successfully usedduring the last academic years in a course involving more than 200 students.
Keywords Computer based learning, E-learning
Paper type Research paper
IntroductionThe quick advance of technology experienced in recent decades is especially noticeablein DSP devices, which are now widely used in many electronic appliances from diskdrives and cellular phones to vehicles and stereo components. In fact, the sales of DSPdevices exceed the sale of general-purpose microprocessors by almost 10:1 (Hong et al.,2004). Furthermore, one of the most demanded job profiles in the ICT sector is relatedto the design of DSP applications as it is claimed in the Career Space initiative (Officefor Official Publications of the European Communities, 2001, Toral et al., 2006). TheDSP Applications Designer is involved in requirement studies, simulations andperformance analysis, and participates in the design and optimization of algorithms forsignal modulation, detection and channel coding/decoding, and implementation with
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The authors are very grateful to Texas Instruments (www.ti.com/) and its DSP UniversityProgramme for its support funding DSK6711 kits, and particularly to Mr R. Owen, from theEuropean University Program, for his kind help.
eDSPLab
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Received 11 July 2007Accepted 10 October 2007
Internet ResearchVol. 18 No. 1, 2008
pp. 79-92q Emerald Group Publishing Limited
1066-2243DOI 10.1108/10662240810849603
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digital signal processors. For instance, high-quality DSP based equipment hasproliferated during the past few years. Much of this equipment is based on the popularTexas Instruments TMS320C6711 or TMS320C6713 DSP devices and their starter kits,DSK6711 or DSK6713. For instance, a DSK6711 has been used to support advancedpower measurement algorithms (Gherasim et al., 2004), or to develop Flickermetergrid-connected wind turbines (Gherasim et al., 2006) while two Texas InstrumentsTMS320C6713 DSP devices are used to implement phase detection for RF applications(Klingbeil, 2005).
Moreover, learning through computer-mediated environments has dramaticallyincreased since the early days of computers (Bagui, 1998; Wilson and Jennings, 2000;Pahl, 2003; Taylor et al., 2003; Sivakumar and Robertson, 2004; Toral et al., 2007a, b).This is especially true since the early 1990s, when the widespread use of the Internettook place. Nowadays, the Internet is turning into a huge telecommunication network,offering educational services which include virtual laboratories, distance andasynchronous learning and training, and multimedia courses. In our modern society,hypermedia tools, web-based educational support, simulation environments, anddistance education have become a feasible solutions as teaching methodologies,making the educational process more flexible, accessible and adaptive, without spatialand temporal restrictions. The high number of students enrolled in subjects with astrong practical component, like those involved in DSP and their applicationscombined with the insufficient economic resources are also important restrictions forface-to-face laboratory training methodologies (Sanchez et al., 2002; Guimaraes et al.,2003). Consequently, the availability of didactic experimental laboratories is of utmostimportance, mainly for technical schools and engineering faculties.
The underlying fundamental promise of Internet-based laboratory approaches liesin students’ abilities to connect to a computer controlled laboratory set-up of interest atanytime from anywhere, thus sharing existing limited resources in a more efficientmanner than would be possible with the traditional on-site laboratory approach. Thegeneral concept of remotely controlled devices, or the idea of sharing studentlaboratory facilities remotely by using modern communication technology, have alongstanding history and are not new (Esche et al., 2003). More recent developmentsincludes, for example, a java-based remote laboratory called ReMLab proposed at thePolitecnico di Milano (Ferrero et al., 2003), a learning management system whichincludes remote experiments on measurement instrumentation based on LabViewpresented at the University of Sannio (Rapuano and Zoino, 2006), or an integratedlaboratory environment called LabNet presented at the University of Genoa and theItalian Inter-University Consortium for Telecommunications (Davoli et al., 2006).
Within this context, a learning management system for laboratory experimentsbased on DSK6711 or DSK6713 is consequently a topic of interest in an AdvancedMicroprocessor course. Thus, the inclusion of DSP and DSP devices in theTelecommunication Engineering undergraduate curriculum has been promoted at theUniversity of Seville, Spain (Gallardo et al., 2006). The idea of a remote and interactivelaboratory based on the DSK6711 and the implementation of measurement systemsarises from the necessity of a suitable educational tool capable of supporting aface-to-face laboratory training methodology. It would complement, but not remove,the student access to the traditional lab, with the possibility of being used for distanceand asynchronous education. The amount of students’ practical work can then be
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increased (students have the possibility of accessing DSP device-boards and electronicequipment on any timetable and outside the laboratory building), without increasingavailable resources (lab equipment). More practical training is available, assuringbetter knowledge transfer from teachers to students and allowing the implementationof modern DSP device-based instrumentation equipment.
In this paper, a web-based environment which provides remote access to controldifferent didactic setups related to DSP, DSP devices and their applications is shown.The framework, named eDSPLab, has been designed using LabVIEWe, a NationalInstrument graphical development environment designed for creating flexible andscalable test, measurement and control applications. This new e-learning tool has beenintegrated as a Learning Object (LO) into a modern e-learning application domain andLMS, and complemented with other LO (designed using software packages and weboriented languages like Shockwavee Macromedia Directore HTML (HypertextMarkup Language), and VRML (Virtual Reality Modeling Language) to improve itseffectiveness (Martınez-Torres et al., 2005; Toral et al., 2005; Gallardo et al., 2007; Toralet al., in press). Moodle has been selected as the LMS because it has been developed asan Open Source Software (OSS) project, with all the advantages of an OSS, such asincreased cost effectiveness in the market (reducing the cost of production andavoiding the expensive royalties of commercial software), and the easy resolution ofproblems within the Open Source Community.
The paper is organized as follows. First, eDSPLab is presented showing the overallarchitecture of the proposed platform and its functionalities, and describing itshardware and software components. Then, the integration of eDSPLab into anAdvanced Microprocessor course for the Telecommunication Engineering degree ofthe University of Seville, Spain, using a modern LMS like Moodle which is presented inSection III. Section IV illustrates the evaluation of eDSPLab as a web service andfinally, the conclusions are drawn.
eDSPLab architectureThe remote laboratory is physically located in a laboratory belonging to the Universityof Seville (Figure 1). The main service delivered by the remote measurement laboratorymodule allows the student to perform an experiment using a DSK6711, and remotelycontrol several instrumentation devices. The real lab test bench is based on anoscilloscope (Agilent 54603B), a power supply (Agilent E3631A), and an arbitrarywaveform generator (Agilent 33220A) GPIB joined to a Personal Computer using aPCI-board. The DSP devices starter kit (DSK board) is also connected to the PersonalComputer through its parallel port (Figure 2). Notice that the IEEE-488 interface bus,also known as the General Purpose Interface Bus or GPIB bus, is an eight-bit wideinterface bus, with the ability to communicate with multiple devices at a maximumdata transfer rate of 1Mb/s. Originally developed by Hewlett Packard (HP), the GPIB orHPIB bus provides a standard interface for communication between instruments fromdifferent sources. GPIB controllers plug into GPIB buses and manage the flow of databetween devices that send information (GPIB talkers) and devices that receiveinformation (GPIB listeners). GPIB controllers send commands to all the devices in theGPIB network and convert active talkers into active listeners when necessary. Aminimum system consists of one GPIB controller and one talker or listener. In our case,all the GPIB electronic equipment (Agilent 54603B, Agilent E3631A and Agilent
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33220A) talks and listens (sends and receives information through the GPIB bus) whilethe Personal Computer is the GPIB controller (manages the flow of data between theGPIB devices).
eDSPLab has been designed for real lab work using the DSP starter kits without aphysical attendance to the real lab. Students interact with the DSK boards using theWWW and eDSPLab for debugging real DSP experiences in the physical lab (Figure 3).eDSPLab has been programmed using LabVIEW for interfacing the measurementhardware with the Personal Computer.
LabVIEW is a National Instruments’ program development application and agraphical programming language (G language), as opposed to a text-based language,
Figure 2.Scheme of the lab testbench: GPIB bus, DSKboard and personalcomputer with a GPIB-PCIboard
Figure 1.Real lab test bench at theUniversity of Seville
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used to create programs in a block diagram form. It is also defined as a general-purposeprogramming system whose programs are also referred as virtual instruments (VIs)because their operations and appearance emulate electronic equipment. LabVIEWallows extracting useful information from any set of acquired data, analyzing themeasurements and processing signals, and providing tools for data visualization, userinterface design, web publishing, report generation, data management, and softwareconnectivity.
A wide band network supplies the remote lab and clients’ interconnection using theInternet. An embedded microprocessor or a Personal Computer, also called the clientmachine, can be connected to eDSPLab using a network access point (AP) like IEEE802.15 (Zigbee), 802.16 (WIMAX), 802.11 (WLAN), UWB (Ultra Wide Band), Bluetooth,Ethernet, etc. The distributed network frame also makes possible a VPN (VirtualPrivate Network) future interconnection by means of sockets or RMI (Remote MethodInvocation) directly to the server (Figure 4).
Figure 4.Remote lab and clients’
interconnection usingeDSPLab and Internet
Figure 3.eDSPLab architecture
eDSPLab
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The LabVIEW networking and the Internet tools can be implemented in several ways(data publishing using built-in web-server, TCP/ UDP functions, the DataSocketprotocol, distributed execution or additional technologies such as Java applets, ActiveX controls or CGI support in the G web server). The proposed system uses theLabVIEW built-in web-server and the “Web Publishing Tool” to create a remote panel.First, a virtual instrument is developed and then, the WEB Publishing Tool is used tocreate the remote panel. Once the remote panel is created, an internal LabVIEWweb-server is started, and the remote panel can be accessed using a web browser. Theremote panel has been used to design and develop a low cost and user–friendlyInternet-accessible instrument (Figure 5). For this purpose, the client machine shoulduse a free plug-in (LabVIEW Run-time Engine) to connect to the server through aconventional web service. The panel reproduces the external appearance of thephysical instrumentation.
Two parts can be distinguished in accordance with the client-server paradigm(Figures 6 and 7): the client side and the server side. The client side is closely integratedwith the physical lab, providing dynamic visualization of the practical experiencethrough a web-cam, control panels similar to the ones offered by the realinstrumentation panels, a two-channel scope, and a historical log. The replication ofthe appearance of the measurement equipment is considered very beneficial forstudents’ performance, as they are also attending real labs to work with the realequipment. The server side provides restricted and password-protected access.
Figure 5.eDSPLab Graphical UserInterface
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Figure 6.Software architecture
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Integration of eDSPLab into an LMS: a case study at the University ofSevilleeDSPLab has been integrated into a more powerful educational environment, an OSSMoodle-based LMS. An educational site (http://edsplab.us.es/docencia/) has beendesigned to support eDSPLab and to promote an asynchronous learning forum and ateam work environment for collaborative learning in an Advanced Microprocessorcourse at the Telecommunication Engineering degree at the University of Seville, Spain(Figure 8). A LMS is able to manage learners, keeping track of their progress andperformance across all types of training activities, and learning resources such ascontent, registration, classroom and instructor availability, instructional materialfulfilment, and on-line learning delivery. The VIs written in LabVIEW have beenintegrated in the Moodle-based LMS, enabling remote users to get control of themeasurement instruments. Therefore, the students’ activities can be tracked at the LOlevel.
The course is taught as part of the students’ curricula in order to provide some DSPprofessional skills. The Texas Instruments C6000 family has been chosen as themicroprocessor to fully accomplish the objectives of the course. The basics of advancedmicroprocessor architecture and digital signal processing are reviewed, and realapplications in the telecommunication arena are implemented. In this way, students aretrained for eventual industrial work in companies using DSP technologies in theirproducts. The real lab attendance is complemented by offering a distance andasynchronous learning methodology. In groups (two to three students), students mustimplement predefined DSP exercises started in the real lab and completed usingeDSPLab. The evaluation of the practical work (notice that the mark for the practicalwork has a contribution of 25 per cent on the overall qualification) depends on theaccomplishment of specific lab exercises at the end of the academic year.
Figure 7.Layer model of thenetwork frame
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Using the aforementioned site, students can also access the teaching material as LO(including reference material and class notes in pdf format and multimedia learningtools). Other LOs and features are provided using Moodle, like student auto-evaluationtools, FAQ, notice and mark boards, quality surveys to provide asynchronous feedback of the teaching process, and chat services to discuss the concepts of the course.The multimedia LOs are made up of a tight coupling of text, tutorials, illustrations,video segments and animations designed with Macromedia Director software(Figure 9), and they allow a virtual visit programmed using VRML to the real lab(Figures 10 and 11).
Figure 8.Moodle-based
asynchronous learningforum for students of a
sophomore AdvancedMicroprocessor course at
the TelecommunicationEngineering degree of the
University of Seville,Spain
Figure 9.Embedded systems: the
beginnings
eDSPLab
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Figure 10.VRML previous labdesign: wireframerendering mode view
Figure 11.3D VRML based VirtualLaboratory web-site
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The access requests to the measurement instruments are handled by the LMS and theWEB-Publishing tool of LabVIEW, using a PHP programmed database (Figure 12).Different users’ profiles are managed by the system: “student”, “teacher”, and“administrator”. The “student” profile allows the use of LO including the experimentcontrol service (a complete eDSPLab access for probing specific DSP experiences), the“teacher” profile includes remote handling (creation, updating, removal) of LO, whilethe “administrator” is responsible for the correct operation of the overall system andfor handling user profiles.
The first version of eDSPLab was introduced during academic year 2004-2005.From a technical point of view, some restrictions were imposed to avoid potentialenvironmental problems. The system is a multi-user platform based on a LMSalthough only one physical test bench has been used initially. This condition impliesthat only one simultaneous user can remotely access to the test bench. A multi-useraccess characteristic is being implemented using a cluster architecture. At thismoment, the user access is managed at the LMS level using a TDM (Time DivisionMultiplexing) strategy. Firewall restrictions are solved using the LabVIEW build-inweb Server (Gallardo et al., 2006). A remote panel which can be accessed through a webbrowser has been designed so the client machine, using a plug-in, can exchange datawith the server machine. The system uses a port that has been previously configured inthe LabVIEW application (port 2000 has been used in this case) so the firewall must bepreconfigured to open that port. Some experiences with different user connections (i.e.Dial-Up, ADSL, Cable-modem and others) have been done, and a network protocolanalyzer was used. To summarize the obtained results, an average connection error of3,7 per cent was observed, and the reconnection average error detected was about0,01271 per cent. Notice that a high deviation was detected due to two phenomenawhich affect the final user perception: the different user connections and the networktraffic.
Figure 12.Lab site access request
using PHP
eDSPLab
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From an academical point of view, the following conclusions were obtained. Theabandoned and failed rate of the course was reduced from 20 per cent to 16 per centafter the introduction of the e-learning tool (Figure 13). This fact is more evident duringthe second year after the introduction of this novel learning tool. Also, Figure 14 showshow the students’ mark distribution was improved. To obtain the rated student mark, arange from 21 to 4 has been used, with -1 being “a student who has abandoned thecourse”, 0 being “a student who has not passed the course”, and 4 being “a student whohas exceptionally passed the course”. The numbers in between refer to intermediatescores. Note that this scoring penalizes for abandonment of the course. The obtainedresult is prorated using the number of students during the academic year.
ConclusionsA remote lab, named eDSPLab and designed using LabVIEWe has been presented.The educational tool provides access for remote control of different didactic setupsrelated to DSP and DSP devices. It has been integrated into a modern LMSMoodle-based system, and it is used as a practical training tool in an undergraduatecourse regarding advanced microprocessors’ architectures and their applications.
Figure 14.Prorated students’ markdistribution during thelast academic years
Figure 13.Desertion plus failed rateshowed in ‰
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Using eDSPLab students can work with the real lab equipment to test DSPapplications without being physically present in the lab. The results show that the useof eDSPLab encourages students’ performance, reducing the abandonment rateregistered during the last academic year, and improving academic results.
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Corresponding authorF. Barrero can be contacted at: [email protected]
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