DELIVERABLE 4.1 Stakeholder Engagement Strategy | ENPOR

Actions to Mitigate Energy Poverty in the Private Rented Sector

Florin Vondung

Naomi Gericke

Lisa Kolde

DELIVERABLE 4.1 Stakeholder Engagement

Strategy

8/19/21 Version 2021/1

Grant Agreement N.889385

This project has received funding from the EuropeanUnion’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 889385.

Ref. Ares(2021)5498640 - 07/09/2021

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Versioning and Contribution History

© ENPOR - Actions to mitigate energy poverty in the private rented sector This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) / Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) Newsletter:

Website: Twitter: @EnporProject | https://twitter.com/EnporProject Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/ENPOR-Project-107020977860481 Linkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/company/enporproject #ENPOR

This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 889385. The sole responsibility for the content of this page lies with the authors. It does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Union. Neither the EASME nor the European Commission are responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein. SUGGESTED CITATION

Vondung, F./Gericke, N. (2020) Deliverable 4.1 Stakeholder Engagement Strategy. Wuppertal Institute, Germany: ENPOR Project. Retrieved from www.enpor.org

Version Date Modified by Modification reason

v. 01 23. 12. 20. Florin Vondung / Naomi Gericke / Lisa Kolde

First draft

v. 02 25.01.21 Florin Vondung / Naomi Gericke

revision

v. 03 02.02.21 Florin Vondung / Naomi Gericke

revision

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Executive Summary ........................................................................................... 7 1 Introduction .................................................................................................. 9 1.1 Framework and objectives of the stakeholder engagement strategy ............. 9 1.2 Pilot Policies for ENPOR ................................................................................. 10 1.3 GDPR compliance, ethical requirements and data protection ...................... 12 2 REACT group setup ...................................................................................... 13 2.1 Risks and responses (rationale for a stakeholder analysis) ............................ 13 2.2 Stakeholder analysis / mapping ..................................................................... 15 2.2.1 Target Groups: Types of stakeholders and expected contributions ............ 16 2.2.2 Power-interest-analysis ............................................................................... 18

2.3 Communication strategies for engagement .................................................. 24 2.3.1 Project messages ......................................................................................... 25 2.3.2 Stakeholder specific messages and incentives ............................................ 25 2.3.3 Communication with the REACT group ....................................................... 28 2.3.4 Improving collaboration .............................................................................. 29 3 Engagement of energy poor tenants (and landlords) ................................... 30 3.1 Identification of target groups ....................................................................... 30 3.2 Engagement strategies .................................................................................. 32 3.2.1 Resourcing ................................................................................................... 33 3.2.2 Planning ....................................................................................................... 33 3.2.3 Recruiting .................................................................................................... 34 3.2.4 Sensitizing .................................................................................................... 36 3.2.5 Facilitation ................................................................................................... 36 3.2.6 Evaluation .................................................................................................... 38

3.3 Gender-sensitive approach ............................................................................ 38 4 Co-creation of policies ................................................................................. 40 4.1 Process and timeline ...................................................................................... 40 4.1.1 Policy (improvement) co-design .................................................................. 40 4.1.2 Policy implementation ................................................................................ 44

4.2 Co-creation methods and tools ..................................................................... 44 4.3 Monitoring ..................................................................................................... 48 5 Conclusion .................................................................................................. 50 6 Annexes ...................................................................................................... 51

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6.1 Annex 1: Templates for adapted engagement strategies .............................. 51 6.2 Annex 2: Template for REACT Group invitation ............................................. 54 6.3 Annex 3: Template for Letter of Support for REACT group participation ...... 55 6.4 Annex 4: GDPR compliant forms .................................................................... 56 6.5 Annex 5: Stakeholder Engagement Strategies for each support scheme ...... 59 6.5.1 Austria (AEA) ............................................................................................... 59 6.5.2 Germany (WI) .............................................................................................. 70 6.5.3 Estonia (TREA) ............................................................................................. 83 6.5.4 Greece (CRES/UPRC) ................................................................................... 91 6.5.5 Croatia (DOOR) .......................................................................................... 102 6.5.6 Italy (ENEA) ................................................................................................ 116 6.5.7 The Netherlands (HU) ................................................................................ 125

FIGURES

Figure 1: Interaction of the Stakeholder Engagement Strategy with other Work Packages ............................................................................................................ 10 Figure 2: Scheme for power-interest analysis ..................................................... 16 Figure 3: Steps for co-designing public policy with vulnerable groups ................. 33 Figure 4: Visualisation of ENPOR policy co-design process .................................. 41 Figure 5: Template for Power-Interest-Grid ........................................................ 52 Figure 6: Power-Interest-Grid for the Austrian support schemes ........................ 64 Figure 7: Power-Interest-Grid for the German ESC support scheme .................... 76 Figure 7: Power-Interest-Grid for the German PPM support scheme .................. 78 Figure 7: Power-Interest-Grid for the Estonian support scheme .......................... 88 Figure 8: Power-Interest-Grid for the Greek support schemes ............................ 96 Figure 9: Power-Interest-Grid for the Croatian support scheme ........................ 109 Figure 10: Power-Interest-Grid for the Italian support scheme ......................... 121 Figure 11: Power-Interest-Grid for the Dutch support scheme .......................... 129

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TABLES

Table 1: Pilot policies in ENPOR .......................................................................... 11 Table 2: Implementation risks and mitigation strategies ..................................... 14 Table 3: Stakeholder groups and expected contributions (based on internal ENPOR survey) ............................................................................................................... 17 Table 4: Potential interests of stakeholders and barriers for engagement .......... 19 Table 5: Power-Interest Scheme: stakeholder categories and corresponding engagement strategies ....................................................................................... 22 Table 6: Stakeholders' role and ability to impact the co-creation of ENPOR policies (based on internal ENPOR survey) ...................................................................... 23 Table 7: Potential incentives and corresponding messages (based on internal ENPOR survey) ................................................................................................... 26 Table 8: Overview of vulnerable groups in the European PRS ............................. 31 Table 9: Barriers for tenant engagement, relevance for socio-demographic subgroups and possible strategies to overcome them ........................................ 32 Table 10: Policy type specific incentives and key messages for tenant engagement .......................................................................................................................... 35 Table 11: Overview of the envisioned co-design process .................................... 43 Table 12: Overview of methods, tools, fields of application and their suitability for the different stakeholder groups ........................................................................ 45 Table 13: Overview of different digital tools, providers and their requirements . 48 Table 14: Monitoring dimensions and exemplary survey items ........................... 49 Table 15: Table template for short policy overview ............................................ 51 Table 16: Table template for stakeholder identification and analysis .................. 51 Table 17: Table template for stakeholder categorisation / mapping ................... 52 Table 18: Table template for collecting stakeholder specific barriers, incentives and communication approaches ............................................................................... 53 Table 19: Table template for planning the involvement of energy poor tenants in the co-creation process ...................................................................................... 53 Table 20: Short policy overview of the Austrian support schemes ...................... 59 Table 21: Stakeholder identification and analysis for the Austrian support schemes .......................................................................................................................... 60 Table 22: Stakeholder categorisation / mapping for the Austrian support schemes

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.......................................................................................................................... 63 Table 23: Stakeholder specific barriers, incentives and communication approaches for the Austrian support schemes ....................................................................... 65 Table 24: Planning the involvement of energy poor tenants in the co-creation process for the Austrian support schemes .......................................................... 68 Table 25: Short policy overview for the German support schemes ...................... 70 Table 21: Stakeholder identification and analysis for the German support schemes .......................................................................................................................... 71 Table 27: Stakeholder categorisation / mapping for the German ESC support scheme ............................................................................................................... 75 Table 27: Stakeholder categorisation / mapping for the German PPM support scheme ............................................................................................................... 77 Table 28: Stakeholder specific barriers, incentives and communication approaches for the German support schemes ....................................................................... 79 Table 34: Planning the involvement of energy poor tenants in the co-creation process for the German support schemes ........................................................... 81 Table 25: Short policy overview for the Estonian support scheme ...................... 83 Table 26: Stakeholder identification and analysis for the Estonian support scheme .......................................................................................................................... 84 Table 27: Stakeholder categorisation / mapping for the Estonian support scheme .......................................................................................................................... 87 Table 28: Stakeholder specific barriers, incentives and communication approaches for the Estonian support scheme ........................................................................ 89 Table 29: Planning the involvement of energy poor tenants in the co-creation process for the Estonian support scheme ........................................................... 90 Table 30: Short policy overview for the Greek support schemes ......................... 91 Table 31: Stakeholder identification and analysis for the Greek support schemes .......................................................................................................................... 92 Table 32: Stakeholder categorisation / mapping for the Greek support schemes 95 Table 33: Stakeholder specific barriers, incentives and communication approaches for the Greek support schemes ........................................................................... 97 Table 34: Planning the involvement of energy poor tenants in the co-creation process for the Greek support schemes ............................................................ 101 Table 35: Short policy overview for the Croatian support schemes ................... 102 Table 36: Stakeholder identification and analysis for the Croatian support scheme

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........................................................................................................................ 105 Table 37: Stakeholder categorisation / mapping for the Croatian support scheme ........................................................................................................................ 108 Table 38: Stakeholder specific barriers, incentives and communication approaches for the Croatian support scheme ...................................................................... 110 Table 39: Planning the involvement of energy poor tenants in the co-creation process for the Croatian support scheme ......................................................... 113 Table 40: Short policy overview for the Italian support scheme ........................ 116 Table 41: Stakeholder identification and analysis for the Italian support scheme ........................................................................................................................ 117 Table 42: Stakeholder categorisation / mapping for the Italian support scheme120 Table 43: Stakeholder specific barriers, incentives and communication approaches for the Italian support scheme ......................................................................... 122 Table 44: Planning the involvement of energy poor tenants in the co-creation process for the Italian support scheme ............................................................. 124 Table 45: Short policy overview for the Dutch support scheme ......................... 125 Table 46: Stakeholder identification and analysis for the Dutch support scheme ........................................................................................................................ 126 Table 47: Stakeholder categorisation / mapping for the Dutch support scheme 128 Table 48: Stakeholder specific barriers, incentives and communication approaches for the Dutch support scheme .......................................................................... 130 Table 49: Planning the involvement of energy poor tenants in the co-creation process for the Dutch support scheme ............................................................. 132

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Deliverable 4.1 is related to WP4 Engagement of energy poverty groups and relevant actors. This

document is concerned with developing the Stakeholder Engagement Strategy (SES) for ENPOR,

detailing the approach to identify and include all relevant stakeholders in the co-creation process

of ENPOR policies and to keep them engaged over the duration of the project. At the core of this

engagement is the establishment of so-called Regional Action (REACT) Groups, in which

stakeholders with different roles in the energy efficiency value chain periodically meet, exchange

knowledge and co-create effective policies to tackle energy poverty in the Private Rented Sector

(PRS). Furthermore, a specific focus of ENPOR is to actively engage energy poor tenants within the

process and thus enable the (further) development of policies, that match their actual needs and

realities.

The idea of the strategy is to provide ENPOR partners with a guideline for stakeholder engagement,

which can then be adapted with view to national and / or policy specific circumstances. The

engagement is a continuous process throughout the project and aims to ensure the design of

practical and targeted energy poverty policies in the PRS, their effective implementation and

monitoring as well as the dissemination and potential replication of project outcomes. To avoid

risks to the project’s success associated with limited or fading engagement, the strategy builds on

a stakeholder analysis to tailor both the process and the project communication to the needs of

the relevant actors involved.

This deliverable is structured in 3 chapters. The first chapter, REACT group setup, introduces the

rationale for a stakeholder analysis in light of anticipated project risks and describes the

implementation process. The chapter examines the types of stakeholders and their expected

contributions to the project as well as possible interests and abilities to interfere with the project

by policy type and derives corresponding communication strategies. The (non-exhaustive) list of

relevant stakeholders examined here comprises:

● Landlords / co-owners’ associations,

● Charitable and social work associations,

● Energy agencies / energy consultants,

● Municipality / regional / national policymakers,

● Citizens groups / NGOs and

● Utilities

The second chapter then outlines the strategy to engage energy poor tenants as the main target

group of ENPOR activities. It highlights possible barriers starting with their very identification and

then describes a stepwise approach for engaging vulnerable groups in a co-design setting

differentiated by policy type (i.e., behaviour or investment related). In doing so, it points out crucial

aspects to consider both in the preparatory phases (resourcing, planning, sensitizing) as well as

during the co-design implementation (recruiting, facilitation, evaluation). The role of intermediary

organisations for both recruiting and facilitation is highlighted.

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The third chapter lastly gives an overview of the process of co-creating ENPOR policies (or their

improvement respectively). In doing so, it details the co-design phase up until their implementation

and provides a toolbox for co-creating the policies, particularly in a digital setting. In total the co-

design consists of three REACT group meetings with intermittent consultation activities with the

target group. The REACT group meetings will be informed by relevant content from other ENPOR

work packages such as the Energy Poverty Framework analysis (D2.1) or examples of best practice

(D2.2).

By nature, dissemination, communication and engagement are closely related and as a

consequence, D4.1, D5.1 and D5.2, as well as D6.1 are well aligned with each other. Work package

and Task leaders for dissemination and communication activities have been consulted. Measures

for communication and dissemination also support the engagement (and vice versa). As a

consequence, some redundancies between the documents cannot be avoided completely.

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1 INTRODUCTION

ENPOR will support the design and implementation of ten policies tailored to the specific

characteristics of the Private Rented Sector (PRS). It will consider the needs of tenants and property

owners and integrate them into broader policy contexts (including structural policies), where

possible. It aims to deepen the understanding of energy poverty policies for the Private Rented

Sector, to monitor dimensions of energy poverty in the Private Rented Sector and to support the

set-up and implementation of energy efficiency policies to alleviate energy poverty in the Private

Rented Sector.

To achieve these objectives, ENPOR partners will closely collaborate with different stakeholders in

the, so called, Regional Action (REACT) groups to co-create targeted and practical policies, to

promote the exchange and dissemination of information and network building within and across

national contexts, and gather data for monitoring purposes. To guide this process a Stakeholder

Engagement Strategy (SES) has been developed to be adapted and employed within the different

national contexts. It was prepared under management of Task 4.1 leader Wuppertal Institute. Due

to its central role for the project implementation, the strategy has been developed in consultation

with the coordinator and all work package leaders and all project partners were invited to

contribute.

1.1 Framework and objectives of the stakeholder engagement strategy

To organise the stakeholder engagement within the ENPOR project, a specific Work Package (WP4)

on the Engagement of energy poverty groups and relevant actors was set up. It will engage REACT

groups and relevant EU and national stakeholders in the ENPOR policies, supporting the procedures

in WP3 through bringing in the stakeholders’ perspectives. It will also contribute to WP5 and WP6

in terms of knowledge sharing and supporting the policy process. The objectives are to set up the

REACT groups to enable the local and national knowledge exchange on energy poverty in the PRS,

to provide capacity building towards relevant stakeholders to enhance the implementation of the

ENPOR policies, and finally to integrate the ENPOR activities within the EU level policy dialogue and

initiatives on energy poverty. Figure 1 outlines the high-level framework for how T4.1 will operate

and interact with other project tasks.

The present stakeholder strategy is meant to serve as a framework to structure and streamline the

engagement process across ENPOR countries. It aims to ensure the engagement of scheme

stakeholders and energy poverty groups in the partner countries, determining the function and

guidance of the REACT groups. Based on this outline, ENPOR partners will develop comprehensive

local / regional engagement strategies for each policy (WP4) and set up Regional Energy Action

(REACT) groups that will co-develop the ENPOR policies (WP3). The respective strategy plans will

be updated on a continuous basis.

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Figure 1: Interaction of the Stakeholder Engagement Strategy with other Work Packages

In this way, this deliverable serves a dual purpose. On the one hand, it provides a project-wide

methodology for designing and organising the stakeholder engagement within the co-creation

process of ENPOR policies, which can be adapted by ENPOR partners to their specific

circumstances. On the other hand, it also serves as a guideline beyond the project when engaging

stakeholders in pilot co-creation activities with the overarching goal of developing targeted energy

poverty policies.

This stakeholder engagement strategy will outline:

● risks and responses of the envisioned stakeholder engagement

● target stakeholder groups and expected contributions

● a strategy for stakeholder analysis and resulting key message development

● guidelines regarding the involvement of vulnerable groups in the PRS in the co-design

process

● an overview of process, timeline and contents of the first REACT group meetings

● a toolbox for the co-creation of policies, considering online and offline formats

● the envisioned monitoring and possible indicators

1.2 Pilot Policies for ENPOR

The ENPOR project aims to co-create 10 pilot policies that can be clustered in a) grants for building

renovations, including fuel switch and small-scale renewables; b) training & information, soft

measures; c) programme support action, including guidelines to better identify energy poverty; and

d) Energy Efficiency Obligation Scheme (EEOS).

T2.1 T4.1StakeholderEngagementStrategy

D2.1aReportonEnergypovertyinthePRS§  Matrixoftargetgroups§  Decisiontreebasedon

taxonomytoselectappropriateac7on

§  FrameworkanalysisD2.1bAnalysisandassessmentofexisAngpoliciesinthePRS§  Bestprac7ces

D3.1SeDnguppoliciesaccordingtobestpracAcesandcountry-specificcircumstances§  10supportschemes

T3.1

D4.1aEngagementstrategiesStakeholderengagementstrategies

T5.1

D4.1bDocumentaAonandguidelinesforreplicaAngREACTgroups

REACTgroups

T4.2

D4.2aCapacitybuildingmaterial

T5.2

D5.1ExploitaAonandDisseminaAonPlan

D5.2aPilotOutcomefiches

Policyrecommenda7onpaper

T4.3

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Table 1: Pilot policies in ENPOR

Policy type Pilot policy in ENPOR / Name of scheme MS

Grant for renovation

Thermal renovation measures for energy poverty AT

National reconstruction grant EE Energy upgrade of buildings EL National Programme for Renovation of Buildings HR

Training and information

Low-threshold, target group specific consulting AT

Heating related energy advice DE Pre-paid metering app DE Training and Information Campaign IT

Programme support Energy Box NL

Energy Efficiency Obligation Scheme (EEOS)

Energy Efficiency Obligation Scheme EL

The main challenges of the selected policies have been identified via questionnaires in the proposal

phase with policy experts:

● Selection criteria & data availability: selection/identification of energy poor households;

increase coverage / participation of energy poor households; sufficient data concerning

income components (including average rental price) and household energy consumption

● Financing: defining the source of financing; attraction of sponsors; ensuring financing sources

including the creditworthiness for landlords; inability of residents to provide necessary

supplementary funding

● Guarantees: ensuring the payback of investments, increasing awareness and acceptance,

addressing difficulty to reach energy poverty groups through conventional communication

tools;

● Information & awareness: awareness and acceptance; difficulty in reaching energy poor

households through conventional communication tools; ensure proactive and effective

behavioural change.

The needs for the authorities to support the design and implementation of these policies:

● Capacity building: training and information material; supporting coordinating authority to

identify energy poor households; educational workshops;

● Technical assistance: identification of energy poor households in need; advice for the

implementation of the most effective energy efficiency measures; technical consultancy and

engineering advice; support in the implementation of the defined measures

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● Legal assistance: to the coordinating authority (concerning: regulatory barriers, tender

procedure, development of policies, privacy issues); to the involved financial institutions; to

energy poor households; clarification of the responsibilities of the donor and the beneficiary

● Tools: conduction of energy audits; identification of energy efficiency interventions;

involvement of target groups; full consultancy level; tools for marketing & communication;

and collection of technical data on energy consumption

These preliminary assessments provide first insights regarding possible topics and issues to be

addressed within the co-creation process. Further specification of the policy design improvements

aimed for and the main challenges and obstacles for each policy pilot will be developed within WP3

and the REACT group meetings.

1.3 GDPR compliance, ethical requirements and data protection

ENPOR will collect and process qualitative personal data that will support the co-creation of the

pilot policies (as an empirical basis). In order to ensure GDPR compliance throughout the project,

official consent by the involved stakeholders / data subjects will be collected, with a form including

information on the data controller, the specific purpose of processing, the subjects’ rights and how

long the data will be retained. For further processing in the co-creation and the guidelines for the

replication of the REACT groups (D4.2) the data will be pseudonymised. In the case of including

energy poor tenants, a higher-risk data processing takes effect due to the sensitive type of personal

data (possibly ethnicity, health and income data) and the data subject itself (vulnerable persons).

In this case, a detailed analysis of possible ethics issues raised by the project methodology becomes

mandatory, including an overview of all planned data collection and processing operations, the

identification and analysis of the ethics issues raised, and an explanation of how these ethics issues

will be mitigated in practice.

ENPOR Partners will ensure that GDPR-compliant tools are used to collect, process and store

research subjects` personal data and that communications security is taken seriously, devising and

implementing dedicated protocols if necessary. ENPOR partners will check the terms and

conditions of all of the service providers that are being used (software, applications, storage, etc.)

to process personal data, in order to identify and mitigate risks to the data subjects. Research data

and devices on which they are stored will be encrypted1.

Within the REACT groups, the Chatham House Rules will be applied as a common understanding:

Participants will be “free to use the information received, but neither the identity nor the affiliation

of the speaker(s), nor that of any other participant, may be revealed”2.

1 https://ec.europa.eu/research/participants/data/ref/h2020/grants_manual/hi/ethics/h2020_hi_ethics-data-protection_en.pdf 2 https://www.chathamhouse.org/about-us/chatham-house-rule

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2 REACT GROUP SETUP

The national partners will establish REACT groups with various stakeholders in order to co-create

the above-mentioned pilot policies. The involved stakeholders comprise organisations being

involved in the energy efficiency value chain (from ministries to households) that can contribute to

the development of targeted solutions. Over a period of more than 2 years, they will be asked to

join a co-creation process with repeating meetings / workshops, interviews and written

statements. They will provide inputs on indicators and factors influencing energy poverty policies

(T2.2), discuss structural factors leading to energy poverty (T2.1) and offer reflections on identifying

energy poverty within different contexts (WP2 indicators). Furthermore, they will comment and

advice on successful EU-wide engagement strategies for different stakeholders (T4.1), provide

insights that will be used as feedback at European workshops (T4.3), contribute to the analysis and

synthesis of outcomes and policy recommendations (T5.2) and discuss the best-practice based

Replication Guidance for municipalities and other stakeholders to set up policies for the PRS (T5.3).

In exchange, they will be provided the opportunity to exchange knowledge with the implementing

partners and other stakeholders and actively shape ENPOR policies (T3.1), gain new insights on

different matters relevant for their professional activities (T4.2) and be able to contribute to EU-

level initiatives by drafting quick policy notes to be delivered and discussed within the Coalition of

the Willing on energy poverty (T4.3).

The engagement of stakeholders can thus lead to a win-win situation for all involved sides, allowing

participants to gain more knowledge, expand their networks and seizing the chance of being

actively involved in the development of policy measures that may be relevant for their own field.

At the same time, in light of the number of requested inputs from stakeholders to the process, their

benefits of participating in the REACT groups must be visible to help establish a viable commitment.

Therefore, it is important not only to be clear about the expected input and structure of exchange,

but also to carefully analyse the stakeholders’ interests, their attitudes and concerns towards the

issue, their role and capacities to interfere with the process and the policy implementation and

potential barriers for their engagement in order to frame the communication accordingly.

2.1 Risks and responses (rationale for a stakeholder analysis)

A number of issues can crucially affect the project’s successful outcome, and it is important to

identify these issues for each policy and find respective mitigation strategies. Generally, the most

important risks for the project success would be a decreasing engagement of REACT group

members, a mismatch between policy design and target groups and inactive housing and co-

owners’ associations as central change agents. Ensuring long-term engagement of the stakeholders

thus is a key challenge. Therefore, it is highly important to analyse their interests and existing

barriers, and to adapt communication, benefits and engaging formats respectively to keep the

stakeholders engaged. A varied schedule of capacity building activities should be offered, and

different, suitable and attractive participatory formats should be designed that appeal to the

stakeholders.

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Equally important are possible disadvantages for energy poor households within the co-creation

process (see Chapter 4). Therefore, REACT group meetings need to be carefully prepared and use

guidelines for an inclusive implementation. Adequate formats fitting the situation and interests of

vulnerable households should be chosen. The engagement of intermediates like local organizations

with established, trustful relationships through former activities could help to represent these

actor groups (see also Chapter 3).

Lastly, also in the following year (and possibly beyond) we expect the COVID-19 pandemic to affect

the project work and it might still be difficult to hold physical gatherings for the REACT group

meetings. Facing the upcoming summer season, finding suitable locations with stringent hygiene

concepts might be an option. If not, online exchange formats will need to be continued.

Table 2: Implementation risks and mitigation strategies

Risks Mitigation measures

Decreasing engagement of REACT group members

Power-interest analysis, Communication plan, Letter of Support (LOS). Attempts to keep motivation high by offering a varied schedule of capacity building activities, designing different and attractive participatory formats, widespread through national territory, appealing to all related stakeholders. Aim for an efficient implementation of the group sessions to facilitate the participation of members with little time to spare; Allow for the provision of written statements / comments prior or after meetings

Mismatch between policy design and targeted audiences, i.e., tenants are not responsible for their buildings

Creating incentives for landlords to conduct energy efficiency measures in regions with a high concentration of energy poor people

REACT groups are being led by narrow interests or underactive

ENPOR partners undertake actions to increase group diversity. Verification / cross-reference of discussion findings across the various national REACT groups. Municipalities and coordination authorities for policy implementation are included as respectable actors that encourage cooperation

Disagreements within ENPOR groups (e.g., between tenants and landlords’ representatives)

The co-creation of policies to improve building energy efficiency in the PRS has to consider the structural division between the financial burden of investment (incurred by landlords) on the one hand and its benefits on the other (reaped by tenants), known as the split-incentives issue. To avoid this issue to dominate or hamper the process, a balanced approach is envisioned for the stakeholder consultation process, in which non-biased project partners (e.g., energy agencies or ENPOR partners themselves) are undertaking the role of the moderator. Any arising issues will undergo a conflict resolution process that suggests actions and measures to create consensus among participants. Consortium partners that will be in charge for setting up REACT groups will analyse the different dynamics of participants and suggest

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actions and measures to create consensus among participants. Principles for conflict resolution as well as possible methods are listed in chapter 4.2.

Housing and co-owners’ associations are not active

ENPOR partners engage further with the housing and co-owners’ associations to support their inclusion in the policies through REACT groups.

Imbalanced consideration of stakeholder perspectives

Follow principles / use tools for inclusive implementation of REACT group meetings (see chapter 4.2).

Difficult access to / engagement of energy poor households

Engage with local social or community organisations, who have already gained the trust of their beneficiaries.

Design participatory formats in consideration of target group constraints. Distinct focus group discussions with affected households to create a safe space and avoid stigmatisation.

Physical meeting constraints due to COVID pandemic

Choose suitable locations with stringent hygiene concepts. Switch to online exchange. Adapt data collection approach to bilateral formats (e.g., via telephone interviews)

2.2 Stakeholder analysis / mapping

Conducting a stakeholder analysis is an important step in the preparation phase of the co-creation

process to avoid potential risks for project success like decreasing stakeholder engagement, a

mismatch between policy design and target groups, or an imbalanced consideration of

stakeholders’ view3. The analysis aims to understand, assess and group the involved stakeholders,

and to determine their relevance to a project or policy by elaborating their positions, interests,

influence, interrelations, networks and other characteristics regarding the envisioned issues and

targets, present positions and future potential.4 The results allow us to accordingly design adequate

incentives, and carefully target communications and messaging, so that the project receives the

expected attendance, quality contributions and feed-back for the development of the selected

policy proposals.

The framework for stakeholder mapping can be designed with regard to different dimensions /

stakeholder characteristics (knowledge, support, time, ownership, etc.). A commonly applied

option is to choose interest and power as categories and group stakeholders according to their

assumed position on these dimensions. The results help to highlight possibly conflicting

perspectives to be considered within the co-creation process, including opposing stakeholders and

resulting adverse effects on the project. They can be mapped into a diagram with a power and

interest axis ranging from low to high specification of the variable.

3 Zsuzsa Varvasovsky; Ruari Brugha (2000): “How to do (or not to do)... a stakeholder analysis,” Health Policy and Planning 15 (3): 338. 4 Lindenberg M, Crosby B. (1981): “Managing development: the political dimension”. Hartford, CT: Kumarian Press; Freeman, R.E. (1984): “Strategic management: a stakeholder approach”. Boston, MA: Pitman.

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Figure 2: Scheme for power-interest analysis

Source: LITS Project Management Office, How to Conduct a Stakeholder Analysis (Emory, Libraries and information technology) 2.

Out of the resulting four quadrants that reflect four types of stakeholders, those with high power,

but varying interest, and those with high interest, but low power will be especially important to

address in the co-creation process, while stakeholders with low interest and low power are of less

relevance. This classification helps to develop typical stakeholder communication and engagement

strategies to sustain or increase the stakeholders’ willingness to cooperate over the lifespan of the

project.

Stakeholder analyses can be repeated to track changes in stakeholder attitudes over time, as the

involved groups may migrate from one to another category. Over the course of the project also

transitions and movements of members from peripheral to core group, and vice versa are possible.

2.2.1 Target Groups: Types of stakeholders and expected contributions

Identifying the relevant stakeholders for the co-creation process of policy measures is the first

important step. This task can be guided by asking the following questions:

● Who are potential beneficiaries of a policy?

● Who could be adversely affected?

● Who would resent change and mobilise resistance against it?

● Who has which rights and responsibilities?

● Who has access to relevant resources, skills or key information?

● Who could be the voiceless groups?

● Whose behaviour has to change for success?

The ENPOR project consortium identified six key stakeholder groups in the energy efficiency value

chain (from ministries to households) without excluding the option to add further stakeholders.

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These stakeholders will be expected to discuss project findings, provide monitoring data and

facilitate the adoption of the policies by households, property owners and related market players.

The following table shows the identified groups and the main motivation for their engagement for

the project.

Table 3: Stakeholder groups and expected contributions (based on internal ENPOR survey)

Stakeholder Group Expected contributions Landlords / Co-owners’ associations

Validate the feasibility of policies from the owners’ perspective and help them to renovate their stock; Identify tenants at risk of energy poverty. Provision of real estate market insights and housing policy expertise at national level; Communication of project achievements and results with key stakeholders and policymakers at national level; Promotion of solutions once these have been identified, sharing information with their members To be further specified depending on policy

Charitable and social work associations

Share experiences on how to identify and communicate with energy poor households; Support landlords in making their stock more energy efficient (e.g., following the social rented agencies type of model). Provide contacts to relevant political representatives and authorities. Participate in or provide inputs to the measure (e.g., informing people about offers of help, etc.). To be further specified depending on policy

Energy Agency / Energy consultants

Share insights on how to improve energy consulting and realise effective policy implementation; Provide access to anonymised data/results-based evidence for different approaches; Contribute capacity building material Insights on how to identify and communicate with energy poor households. Connect the technical stakeholders (utilities, engineering/technical design companies etc.) with the public administration and social actors; Communicate project achievements and results with key stakeholders at national level To be further specified depending on policy

Municipality / regional / national policymakers

Provide feedback on proposed policy design and Policy Fiches; Enable replicability and provide legislative and policy support and infrastructure. Communicate project achievements and results with key stakeholders at national level; Changing national/regional/municipal policy To be further specified depending on policy

Citizens groups / NGOs Demonstrate the needs, types of support they require; Provide information on acceptability of the support scheme; Provide bottom-up insight Contribute their experience with the groups of people they represent to improve chances of uptake of the newly developed measures. Sharing project information inside their organization and networks To be further specified depending on policy

Utilities As main actors in rolling out social tariffs, discounts and various other energy poverty

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alleviating schemes, utilities can give feedback on their viability. Contribute to the design, development, implementation and testing of innovative energy poverty schemes. Contribute their experience with various instruments to support energy poor households to ensure the feasibility and impact of new measures. To be further specified depending on policy

The national partners will have to identify the relevant stakeholders in their country-specific

context, complete the list, adapt the specific roles and refine the expectations with view to the

respectively co-created policy type.

2.2.2 Power-interest-analysis

Identifying the stakeholders’ key interests is crucial to target the project messaging accordingly in

order to incentivise their (long-term) engagement in the project. Furthermore, these insights can

help to strengthen the bonds of the REACT groups in the ENPOR countries to enable a fruitful

exchange leading to higher acceptance of the ENPOR policies, and lastly also to anticipate and

prevent unwanted conflicts.

To better understand the stakeholders’ interests, characteristics and circumstances, the following

questions can guide the analysis5:

● What are the stakeholder's experiences with or expectations towards the policy / the co-

creation?

● What are the current and potential future benefits and costs of the policy (redesign) for the

stakeholder?

● What stakeholders’ interests conflict with the goals of the policy?

● What resources has the stakeholder mobilised, or is willing to mobilise?

The interests may be differentiated regarding the respective ENPOR policy schemes and the

engagement in the REACT groups’ co-creation process, including the support of the

implementation and dissemination activities.

Benefits for stakeholders The framework analysis on energy poverty in WP 2 (D2.1) indicated various relevant topics in the

financial, regulatory, social or environmental fields that could be of interest for the engaged

stakeholders. However, these groups will join with very different perspectives on the issue and

assess a potential engagement seeking to ensure that their benefits in this demanding co-creation

process will exceed potential expenditures. Limited capacities or opposing interests with other

5 Stakeholder power analysis. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329585973_Stakeholder_power_analysis

[accessed Dec 21 2020].

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stakeholders could negatively affect the willingness to join. It is therefore important to carefully

analyse and understand each stakeholders’ specific viewpoints, potential needs and interests to

identify suitable messages to incentivize their participation.

In an internal survey, the project partners responsible for supporting the engagement strategy

development were asked to provide their respective assessments on different stakeholders’

interests. The results have been summarized in Table 4 by stakeholder type. They represent

examples for the variety of interests existing within a stakeholder group. However, for application

within a specific case, they have to be revised with view to the respective policy and should be

validated, adapted and completed based on the interests expressed by stakeholders themselves in

the first REACT group meetings.

Table 4: Potential interests of stakeholders and barriers for engagement

Stakeholder Main interests to join the REACT group

Potential barriers for engagement

Landlords / Co-owners’ associations

• Promote their interests, needs, concerns at national level

• Gain new insights into renovation strategies in the PRS, including strategies to address energy poverty and support energy conservation behaviours / energy efficiency among tenants

• Support members with better knowledge on building retrofitting

• Better understanding of the correlation between energy efficiency / improving living conditions of tenants and the value of properties (in the context of the National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP), and renovation targets foreseen in the building sector by 2030)

• Provide apartments with lower utility costs; not becoming a burden to owners or tenants

• Make a contribution to the issue

• Lack of time • Lack of resources • Lack of knowledge /

information • Lack of awareness on how

energy efficiency and improving living conditions of tenants correlate to the value of properties

• Lack of interest in energy poverty, lack of interest to participate

• Fear of a non-constructive / one-sided discussion


• Improve the situation of affected households • Participate in the elaboration of new

mitigation measures in a dialogue with important stakeholders from the policy level

• Transfer knowledge • Learn from other relevant stakeholders’

perspectives on energy upgrades in the PRS (novel forms of inclusion and participation, new financial schemes)

• Lack of time • Lack of resources

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• Improving assistance to municipalities in the development and implementation of local sustainable energy plans

• Receive input to develop their working materials in cooperation

• Transfer knowledge • Learn from other relevant stakeholders’

perspectives on energy upgrades in the PRS (particularly novel forms of inclusion and participation, new financial schemes)

• Facilitate a fair transition on regional / municipal level

• Provided advice for energy poor households • Direct interest due to former involvement in

related projects

• Lack of time • Lack of resources • Lack of interest for the PRS


• Update of the National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP) in view of the 2023’s Global Stocktake (referred to in Article 14 of the Paris Agreement)

• Development and implementation of local sustainable energy plans

• Combat energy poverty and make further progress

• Opportunity to receive input from experts => assistance in the development of new policy instruments

• Cooperate and learn from other countries’ experiences; Connect with local authorities doing similar work elsewhere

• Improve the energy performance on state, municipal, building and household level

• Make a targeted contribution

• Lack of time • Lack of resources • Lack of responsibility • Little awareness of the

problem • Perception that the

participation will not really lead to any achievements

Citizens groups / NGOs

• Share experience and information about people in need

• Support their members (local citizens) on building retrofitting; Have better and cheaper accommodation possibilities for students

• Strengthen energy democracy by placing citizens, local municipal authorities and mid-sized businesses at the heart of the energy transition. Increased understanding on energy poverty may help to increase their understanding on the energy communities-energy poverty nexus

• Opportunity to participate in a project that focuses on the PRS

• Build transnational networks and transfer knowledge

• Interest due to former involvement in the development of related reports

• Lack of time • Lack of interest for the PRS • Lack of awareness of the

issue • No perceived connection

between the topic / working group and their own agendas

• Possible conflict of interests

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Utilities

• Obligation to implement various measures to protect vulnerable customer groups. Some already operate offices to offer advice and support in case of problems with the payment of energy bills.

• Obligation to promote the conservation and efficient use of electricity by all classes of consumers through information campaigns and other measures (in case of EEO).

• Utility companies lose money and time dealing with customers in (energy) poverty who are unable to pay their bills or do it on time

• Interest in new policy instruments that are practical in supporting these households

• Lack of time • Lack of interest for the

Private Rented Sector • Private data protection

regulations / access to the private data owned by utility companies to the business interests

• Possible conflict of interests (e.g., energy savings vs. energy sales)

Information on targets, process and expected contributions

Referring to more practical questions of the engagement in the co-creation process, stakeholders

also need to have a clear idea of the project’s targets and their expected contributions as well as

the schedule, formats and contents of the first meetings, so they can plan and decide on necessary

preparations, and align with their other work-related obligations. Chapter 4.1 outlines the common

framework and describes the first REACT group meetings.

Power analysis: Stakeholders` areas of influence The stakeholder power analysis aims to help understand how the considered stakeholders can

impact the policies’ development, implementation and outcomes, and to determine how relevant

they are for the project success. It is useful for identifying potential beneficiaries and „losers” of a

policy, and to identify the challenges that need to be faced to change behaviour, build capacities

and tackle inequalities. Therefore, the power and potential roles of different stakeholders, their

characteristics and operating environment as well as patterns and contexts of interactions between

stakeholders should be identified and assessed. The goal is to clarify which stakeholders are

particularly important and need to be kept engaged, but the analysis can also shed light on where

to empower important but marginalised groups, in order to improve policies and institutions.

Questions that can support the power analysis6

● Who is dependent on whom?

● Which stakeholders are organised? How can that organisation be influenced or built upon?

● Who has control over which resources? Who has control over information?

● Which problems, affecting which stakeholders, are the priorities to address or alleviate?

● Which stakeholders’ needs, interests and expectations should be given priority attention

with respect to the policy in question?

In a concluding step, the results of the power and interest analyses will be combined, and for each

6 Stakeholder power analysis. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329585973_Stakeholder_power_analysis

[accessed Dec 21 2020].

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policy scheme a power-interest-grid will be developed with two axes depicting the power and

interest continuum respectively. The resulting four quadrants summarize four categories of

stakeholders, as shown in Table 5. Stakeholders to the right have the highest ‘stake’ or ‘interest’ in

the considered issues, but their power to impact the co-creation outcome varies. Stakeholders in

the upper two categories hold more power to affect or influence the project outcome, but may or

may not actually be concerned about the issue. With regard to promoting progress of the project,

it thus needs to clarify the stakeholders’ roles that would be necessary for a change, and - if

necessary - to assess if and how this could be achieved, given the interests of the respective

stakeholder.

These preliminary considerations in the run-up of the engagement will help to choose the relevant

stakeholders, to develop adequate communication and management strategies, to moderate

possible conflicts and create a balanced, fair and fruitful co-creation process.

Table 5: Power-Interest Scheme: stakeholder categories and corresponding engagement strategies

Power-Interest Category

Engagement focus

High interest and high power

Key Player Stakeholders being mapped into this category need to be managed closely. Their existing interest on the issue helps to involve them in projects and decisions. They have a high degree of power to support, which makes them key players. Project partners should show them sustained management attention, engage them on a regular basis and maintain the relationship.

Low interest, but high power

Meet their Needs Stakeholders being mapped in this category are an equally important group due to their strong influence. They can influence the future overall contact. However, their low interest is a challenge. Decreasing engagement could make them a risk to the project target. Project partners need to engage, consult and offer them attractive contents and formats in order to raise awareness and to maintain or increase the level of interest. => Convert them into Key players.

High interest, but low power

Keep informed Having little influence, but high interest in the issue, a strategy for this stakeholder group should be to keep them informed. They may serve as important ambassadors for the project. It could be discussed, however, if this group, bringing in important insights and expertise, should be supported in their involvement (e.g., by creation of protected space, etc.) to balance their lack of power. A risk could be that stakeholders with greater influence otherwise dominate the discussion and design of policies.

Low interest and low power

Monitor Stakeholders with little interest and limited influence should be kept updated.

Regarding the simultaneous engagement of landlords and tenants in the ENPOR co-creation

process, partners need to be aware of not only differing interests, but also differing abilities to

improve energy efficiency of the PRS. Regarding the barriers and drivers for increasing energy

efficiency in privately rented homes, D2.1 pointed out that the implementation of energy efficiency

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measures is also a question of conflicts, displacement, and injustice. With some actors being able

to assert their interests more than others, conflicting views must be carefully analysed. Some

patterns of institutional or resource related power distributions within the group could otherwise

affect the ENPOR co-creation process in an undesirable way.

The results will differ depending on the type of policy measure in the respective national context.

Table 6 shortly describes the roles of the different stakeholder groups regarding the development

and implementation of ENPOR policies and provides a preliminary assessment of their ability to

impact different policy types.

Table 6: Stakeholders' role and ability to impact the co-creation of ENPOR policies (based on internal ENPOR survey)

Stakeholders Role and potential interference with ENPOR policy implementation

Policy type

training and information

grant for renovation

programme support

EEOs

Land- lords / Co- owners’ associations

One of the key players in ensuring that planned measures actually reach the tenants. As property owners, they are responsible for the implementation of many options, over which the tenants have no control. It is therefore important to bring in their point of view, and to keep them engaged. Can negatively affect the project via (omitted) communication towards their members.

++ +++ o +++


Can play and important role regarding the engagement of vulnerable tenants and the communication of ENPOR policies towards the target group. Can support municipalities / obligated parties to identify and reach out to energy poor tenants and facilitate service delivery.

++ o + +


Will carry out the consultations for energy-poor households planned in the project in cooperation with ENPOR partners and will also develop their working materials further. Important participants in the REACT group, as to bring in the view of the households themselves and own experiences in the work

+++ ++ ++ ++

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there.


Representatives of various important bodies, all key players in the implementation of mitigation measures. On the one hand, they can play a key role in the development of appropriate measures and instruments, and on the other hand they can / have to play a key role in the implementation itself.

+++ +++ ++ +++


Can support the policy development and shape public perception of the topic via agenda setting activities and dissemination of co-creation outcomes.

+ o + o

Utilities

Big local utility companies always have a stronger voice than small NGOs. Also, they have direct contact with tenants and owners and access to energy consumption data and can promote training and information activities within their customer base. Utilities already have experience with various instruments to support energy poor households and may be the responsible parties for ENPOR policy implementation (EEO).

++ + ++ +++

Note: o = no ability to impact, + = low ability to impact, ++ = moderate ability to impact, +++ = strong ability to impact

2.3 Communication strategies for engagement

The stakeholder analysis provides the basis for the development of targeted communication

strategies. It identifies the key stakeholders for the project, elaborates in which direction these

stakeholders might need to be moved and helps to develop messages and offer incentives to attract

them with to keep them engaged and provide the necessary contributions over the whole project

time. Communication work can 'make or break' the co-creation process. Well-established

communication can help to reduce the friction of the engagement process and create collaborative

environments for the people / organisations who / that usually do not meet. Communication and

dissemination activities can add value to the collaborative work of the REACT groups while

presenting this work to the public, policy makers and international audiences. Communication

activities can increase the legitimacy of policy processes providing transparency and well-explained

procedures. Most importantly, well implemented communication routine can save time both for

the project team and for the REACT group members. The personal or professional time is the real

currency that the stakeholders are investing into the participatory processes and respecting the

value of this time is crucial for the REACT group leaders while setting up the work schedule and

communication routines for the groups.

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2.3.1 Project messages

Project messages can be divided into three types of messages. Besides the challenge (i.e., rationale

for) and mission of the project, we should not forget to include also in general descriptions (e.g.,

invitation to the engagement, homepage, etc.) to mention the benefits it offers for the different

stakeholders.

Challenge: Energy poverty remains at high levels in the EU Member States due to increasing energy

costs, slow progress on energy efficiency improvements and malfunctioning policies. According to

the Eurostat Income and Living Conditions data (SILC), 10.6% of the owner-occupiers, 11.2% of the

households renting at market rent levels, and 16.6% of families renting in the social housing sector

are unable to keep their home adequately warm! Although significant work has been carried out

to tackle this issue in the social housing sector, the same cannot be said for the private rented

sector (PRS).

Mission: The project is a unique collaboration between the two main stakeholder groups, the

landlords and the tenants in the EU energy poverty domain. The overarching aim of ENPOR

therefore is to make energy poverty in the private rented sector visible and quantifiable in a more

inclusive context, and to support the design and implementation of tailored policies to address it.

The project pursues to 1) Deepen the understanding on energy poverty policies for the private

rented sector, 2) Monitor dimensions of energy poverty in the private rented sector, and 3) Support

the set-up and implementation of energy efficiency policies to alleviate energy poverty in the

private rented sector.

Offer: REACT Group members have the chance to join a structured knowledge exchange and co-

creation process of the ENPOR policies. While being asked to provide their perspectives, discuss

findings, provide monitoring data and facilitate the adoption of the policies by households,

property owners and related market players, the project offers the opportunity to 1) work with

policy makers on issues that relate to their own field, 2) expand their visibility as an institution and

their personal networks, 3) connect and exchange with stakeholders in other regions, and 4) benefit from free access on capacity building on current technical, legal and financial topics.

2.3.2 Stakeholder specific messages and incentives

The previous analysis of the stakeholders’ interests allows the specification of messages according

to the different policies and stakeholders. The following contents are derived from the survey

among ENPOR partners and the project dissemination plan (D5.1). They need to be further

differentiated according to the policy measures and the national contexts.

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Table 7: Potential incentives and corresponding messages (based on internal ENPOR survey)

Stakeholder Incentives Messages Landlords / Co-owners’ associations

Promotion of own interests (Financial) added value of improved energy efficiency Knowledge exchange on renovation strategies, regular checks, financial support and behavioural approaches Direct involvement in policy making / building efficiency policies? Meeting environmental targets / obligations Increased understanding for the issue and problems of the tenants (social responsibility) Improving the relationship with the tenants Networking Supporting own members

• Chance to contribute their point of view in order to

develop solutions that add value for both sides! • Energy poverty schemes can lead to renovation

interventions that improve the energy efficiency of a property; Higher energy efficiency corresponds with higher value of properties; Chance to grant higher credits

• Share best practice, services and products • Free access to information and knowledge on possible

solutions to create additional value for yourselves and your tenants

• Access to new funding, financial support, retrofitting grants

• New insights into renovation strategies in the rented sector (How to effectively address energy behaviours and energy efficiency among tenants; how to support them)

• Increase preparedness for achieving political climate targets for the building sector

• Help to achieve their own sustainable development goals • Improve profitability, environmental credentials and

social responsibility • Find out information about energy poverty issues and

engage with topics and targets specific to their needs • Increased understanding of landlords-tenants dilemma

that can improve relations between them • Energy poverty is an issue affecting both tenants and

landlords! • The project does not consider property owners as a

problem but as part of the solution!


Improve the situation of affected households and heighten the awareness of the issue among relevant actors Knowledge exchange Strengthen the own publicity and impact Direct involvement in policy making

• Chance to increase awareness for the issue and transfer

practical knowledge on best practice to other relevant stakeholders

• Opportunity to participate in a working group and to work out ways to reduce energy poverty!

• Platform to increase awareness of their role, organisation and the projects that they are involved with

• Chance to learn from other relevant stakeholders’ perspectives on energy upgrades in the PRS, particularly novel forms of inclusion and participation, as well as new financial schemes

• Opportunity to contribute to the Energy Poverty Dashboard (EPD), providing another channel for their message

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Direct involvement in policy making Knowledge exchange: finance, best practice, behavioural aspects of the issue, etc. Improving the own consulting capacities Facilitate a fair transition Access to energy data Networking Increased awareness of the issue

• Opportunity of increased involvement in energy poverty-

related developments • Possibility to transfer knowledge and cooperate with the

political level, Opportunity for Energy Agency to improve its capacity in the field

• Opportunity to communicate with other target groups • Improved cooperation with market actors • Learn from other relevant stakeholders’ perspectives on

energy upgrades in the PRS (particularly novel forms of inclusion and participation, new financial schemes)

• Platform to learn about and share best practice. Learn about new tools and information to improve energy consulting

• Develop greater understanding of behavioural aspects of citizen’s use of energy

• Improved cooperation with the organisations involved in the energy efficiency value chain

• Opportunity to access local energy data and new knowledge

• Increase awareness about the importance of reducing energy poverty


Knowledge exchange Overcoming energy poverty, meeting the needs of their citizens, social responsibility Meeting environmental targets / obligations Increased political legitimacy Increased capacity, effective measures Direct involvement in (national) policy making Access to information Awareness building Exchange with other local authorities

• The focus on the PRS is an important unique selling point

of ENPOR; Accordingly, they can really add value by their involvement (depending on national context).

• Opportunity to connect with local / regional / national authorities doing similar work elsewhere

• Expert engagement and public dialogue to support policy decisions

• Direct and trustworthy information • Knowledge exchange, replication possibility • Platform to learn about and share best practice within

their field of expertise • Chance to increase their understanding on the landlords-

tenants dilemma and realise effective policy design and implementation

• Opportunity to communicate with other target groups • Defragmentation of initiatives • The project aims to ensure an uptake by involving both

sides from the private sector, both landlords and tenants! • Opportunity to achieve urban energy poverty goals • Opportunity to include the energy poverty dimension /

concerns to the building retrofitting support measures • Policy engagement, increase political legitimacy • Ability to meet the needs of their citizens and answer

questions from them • Improvement in service delivery for aspects of city

management e.g., city planning, infrastructure growth, retrofitting, energetic modernisation

• Reinforce trust of citizens about energy poverty services • Awareness raising on the key issues

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Raise awareness for the people in need Knowledge exchange, Access to information Improve own capacities to consult or create suitable accommodation Strengthen energy democracy Direct involvement in related policy making Networking

• Opportunity to rise energy poverty into the focus of public

discussion; Chance to speak for the groups they represent and jointly work out solutions to support affected persons

• Increase awareness and preparedness • Enable citizens to save money and contribute to saving

natural resources locally • Opportunity to find out information about energy poverty

issues and engage with topics and targets specific to their needs

• Opportunity to exchange views with representatives of other groups, to cooperate and transfer knowledge

• Free access to information and knowledge • Chance to gain an improved understanding of local energy

issues • Possibility to improve the understanding on the actual

impact that energy communities could have with regard to combating energy poverty

• Reduce energy consumption by promoting the use of energy saving tips

• Reinforce trust of citizens • Opportunity to get in direct contact with political actors in

a working group

Utilities

Obligation to protect vulnerable customer groups Obligation to achieve energy efficiency (in case of EEOs) Customer care, improving public relations Improving the own financial situation Direct involvement in related policy making

• Opportunity to actively contribute to the relevant issue of

energy poverty and to develop and evaluate mitigation concepts together with the political level!

• Chance to fulfil their energy efficiency obligations (where applicable)

• Opportunity to help reducing total energy consumption • Chance to improve public relations and promote

Corporate Social Responsibility strategies • Chance to build stronger customer relationships and

acquire new customers • Competitive advantage, introducing differential pricing

models (dynamic billing) to the market • Chance to increase the financial stability by reducing the

number of customers in utility debt / decreasing costs of debt management

2.3.3 Communication with the REACT group

After these preparatory steps, the REACT group coordinator will start to establish the REACT groups

by inviting the stakeholders to join the ENPOR initiative and asking them to confirm their

participation and intended contributions (e.g., via a Letter of Support (LoS)). Invitations that are

sent out should contain a brief description of the project and be designed in a template approved

by the WP1 team, to ensure consistency of communication and branding within the project. A

respective template for the invitation to the ENPOR initiative and for the letter of support can be

found in the Annexes.

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The ENPOR Communication Plan (WP6) gives further guidance on how to establish and maintain

the contact with the potential group members throughout the project, how to select suitable

communication channels (official emails, personal phone calls, etc.) and how to set up internal

communication procedures for the REACT groups. The initiative of communication with the

stakeholders should always come from the project partners, adequate frequencies and forms of

stakeholder communication should be defined. Equally important is the establishment of a suitable

platform for virtual meetings (see Chapter 4). WP6 underlines that formal communication inside of

the REACT group must be monitored and reported, and explains how to manage the collected

personal data.

Engaging some REACT group members may require a special approach and procedures: As will be

discussed in the following chapter, setting up an initial contact and including tenants of energy poor

households and their property owners can turn out to be a challenge in the ENPOR project. This

applies to the initial communication, but also for the further co-creation process. The REACT group

coordinators should consider alternative ways of engagement (see Chapter 3).

2.3.4 Improving collaboration

Establishing collaborative environments and procedures for co-creating policies can have great

effect for enhancing the collective problem solving. In addition to this document there are several

guidelines available focusing on these specific aspects that partners can use when designing the

workflow for REACT groups. Two guidelines - for Studio Model and Choose Your Own Adventure

game - are suggested for REACT group leaders as examples for organizing the work of REACT

groups.

Studio Model In Studio: Recipes for Systemic Change is a handbook for building fruitful collaboration for

challenging social problems developed by Helsinki Design Lab (HDL) in Finland. The Handbook is

drawing out three distinctive case studies for building up the inclusive problem-solving systems

using the HDL Studio Model. Project partners can utilize the content of this guidebook transposing

its methods for solving their own problems related with energy poverty. Studio Model can be used

for organizing the work of REACT groups using a People-Process-Problem-Place methodology and

combining it with stakeholder engagement principles described in this document. The Handbook is

free to use under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 license and

digitally available on the HDL home page.

Choose Your Own Adventure This co-creation game has been developed by an international team of experts under the H2020

project ENLARGE. The game is explaining the basic principles of co-creation of sustainable policies

using easy to follow storyboard game, available in English and in many other European languages.

REACT groups can use this material for preparing practical workshops for learning about the co-

creation procedures that may not be familiar for all the members of the group in every country.

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3 ENGAGEMENT OF ENERGY POOR TENANTS (AND LANDLORDS)

The engagement of energy poor tenants (and their landlords) within the co-creation is crucial to

ensure the development of targeted policies that match their needs and challenges. As experts of

their experiences, prospective beneficiaries of ENPOR policies can be important contributors to

transformative service design and the improvement of wellbeing and it is important they are

recognized as such. This section first provides an overview of vulnerable groups in the European

PRS and reflects on their (specific) challenges with regard to the participation in the co-creation

process. This exercise will build on the analysis of the energy poverty framework in the PRS

performed in WP2 (cf. D2.1). The second part then outlines possible strategies to engage energy

poor tenants (and their landlords) within the process, including suitable means of outreach and

engagement formats. In doing so, it builds on a six-step framework for the involvement of

vulnerable consumers in co-design processes developed by Dietrich et al. (2017): 1) Resourcing, 2)

Planning, 3) Recruiting, 4) Sensitizing, 5) Facilitation and 6) Evaluation. With regard to the recruiting

stage, a particular focus will be on gender sensitive approaches to adequately reflect the

disproportionate distribution of (energy) poverty risks among female citizens.7 The information

provided here is based on a collection of experiences of ENPOR partners, literature on co-designing

public policy with vulnerable groups and a review of strategies employed by other European energy

poverty projects.

3.1 Identification of target groups

The identification of the target group(s) is a fundamental step for the implementation of project

activities. While the project focus of ENPOR is by definition narrowed to energy poor tenants, this

is clearly not a homogenous group. Acknowledging differences in terms of socio-demographic

characteristics (e.g., age, gender, ethnicity, family situation, employment status), housing and

energy supply conditions thus represents a suitable strategy to identify subgroups of vulnerable

households in the PRS and specific aspects to consider with regard to their engagement. Table 8

displays the tentative identification of some of the most vulnerable groups in the European PRS,

which could be specifically targeted by ENPOR policies. This classification is based on three axes of

vulnerability – socio-demographic (involving factors such as income, ethnicity, gender etc.),

housing (involving the regulation and structure of the housing stock in particular), and energy

(concerning the efficiency and type of energy supply). The classification highlights intersections

among the different types of vulnerability, and households that are more likely to be vulnerable

based on one of the axes (as listed in the vertical column).

7 Corsi, M., Botti, F., & D’Ippoliti, C. (2016). The gendered nature of poverty in the EU: Individualized versus collective poverty measures. Feminist Economics,22(4), 82–100.

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Table 8: Overview of vulnerable groups in the European PRS

Primary axis of vulnerability

Socio-demographic Housing Energy supply

Socio-demographic

- Single parent tenants Ethnic minority tenants Tenants with unemployed or older family members Tenants with small children Tenants with disabled or chronically ill members

Tenants suffering from other vulnerabilities beyond the home (e.g., high transport costs)

Housing Households in short- term lets

- Tenants in unaffordable and inflexible energy pricing arrangements (e.g., all utility payments wrapped in one)

Energy supply Tenants living in energy inefficient homes

Tenants in homes with an expensive energy supply (e.g., electric only); Households without electricity and / or gas;

-

Source: Deliverable 2.1a Report on Energy Poverty in the PRS – Overview & Framework

This tentative classification reflects the variety of constellations and multidimensional causes of

energy poverty, which translate into correspondingly diverse needs and challenges to be

considered within the engagement strategy. Barriers for tenant engagement could consist of

● Lack of trust

● Lack of interest

● Lack of time

● Low sense of self-efficacy

● Lack of resources (e.g., public transport fares to join physical meetings, money to pay

for babysitter etc.)

● Lack of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) hardware or skills

● Language issues

● Low visibility / low representation in citizen groups

While most of the listed barriers apply to all target groups, some will only or more strongly impede

the engagement of specific subgroups. The following table displays the assumed relevance of

different barriers for the socio-demographically defined subgroups and provides possible strategies

to overcome them.

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Table 9: Barriers for tenant engagement, relevance for socio-demographic subgroups and possible strategies to overcome them

Barriers for engagement Target group(s) Possible strategies

Lack of trust All; Ethnic minority tenants

Engagement via intermediary organisations, e.g., NGOs, etc. Privacy-sensitive design of engagement

Lack of time All; Single parent tenants (mostly female)

Enable individually scheduled participation Ensure efficient implementation of engagement formats Use of digital formats

Lack of interest All; Female tenants Communication of benefits Focus on function/benefit rather than characteristics of technical solutions Provision of incentives

Low sense of self-efficacy All; Tenants with unemployed family members

Transparent communication of co-creation approach (role of tenants as experts in their own realm)

Lack of resources All; Single parent tenants

Implementation of engagement activities in spatial proximity Use of digital formats

Lack of ICT hardware or skills

All; Tenants with older family members

Reliance on offline formats Bilateral training on how to use tools

Language issues / low literacy

All; Ethnic minority tenants

Engagement via intermediary organisations Non-technical language Translation of material

Low visibility / low representation in citizen groups

All; Ethnic minority tenants

Active recruiting in specific areas based on e.g., building data, unemployment rates, proportion of migrants etc.

In addition to the (country) specific circumstances of subgroups, incentives (and barriers) for their

engagement within ENPOR may also differ depending on the policy type (i.e., financial or non-

financial) to be co-created. While the further development of, for example, an energy advice

measure is tangible and promises immediate benefits to participating tenants, the improvement of

a national renovation grant scheme may seem more abstract and additionally require the

involvement and activation of landlords. This aspect is considered in the following section

describing the recruiting process.

3.2 Engagement strategies

The successful engagement of vulnerable households for co-designing ENPOR policies requires a

well thought through preparation and execution. To guide ENPOR partners within this process, the

following sections shortly discuss the six steps of vulnerable consumer involvement and reflect on

their implementation within ENPOR.

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Figure 3: Steps for co-designing public policy with vulnerable groups

3.2.1 Resourcing

As a first step, ENPOR partners need to reflect on the resources they have to provide to facilitate

the engagement. As vulnerable households might not have either the willingness or the ability to

innovate independently, co-designing with them requires an active role of ENPOR partners in terms

of structuring the process and sourcing relevant and targeted inputs. Within ENPOR these inputs

will be the results of different preparatory analyses (WP2) and the initial policy proposal (WP3).

Furthermore, in case of providing material (e.g., energy saving lightbulbs) or immaterial (e.g.,

energy advice) incentives for participation, the required financial and human resources for their

purchase / delivery should be calculated / estimated. Another task at this stage is the anticipation

of potential barriers that may hinder participation and thinking of possible solutions / strategies to

overcome these. The reflections made at this stage will help ENPOR partners to gain a better

understanding of the underlying problem(s) / task(s) to be addressed and to develop the topic-

specific design tools (e.g., cards with images and words) to be used in the co-design sessions.

3.2.2 Planning

A second and closely related step is the planning of the practical implementation of tenant

involvement. This comprises the definition of concrete actions that are necessary for recruiting

participants, prepare them for the co-designing process (Sensitizing), organize and run the co-

design sessions (Facilitation) and capture and assess their outcome (Evaluation). As not all ENPOR

partners have direct access to the target groups or may face reluctance of tenants to cooperate

with them, the scheduling and resource planning needs to allow for a number of interactions with

facilitating intermediary organisations (by phone or face-to-face) to coordinate and agree on the

methods of recruiting participants (e.g. screening methods and (subgroup specific) advertising

methods) as well as coordinating co-design session venues / platforms and times, and their role in

the co-design facilitation (e.g., providing unskilled tenants with IT-Support). An important

consideration here relates to whether the co-design will be implemented online or in person. Due

to the necessary contact restrictions in the current global COVID pandemic, the co-design process

within ENPOR will largely be implemented in a digital format or employ alternative methods such

as phone interviews to reach households lacking ICT equipment and / or an internet connection.

Associated practical challenges with regard to e.g., building a trusting atmosphere, keeping

participants engaged or including less ICT savvy participants in the process need to be considered

when planning the facilitation. Also, the aimed size and composition of the group (i.e., whether

ENPOR partners will focus on a specific subgroup or aim for balanced representation of all

subgroups) will be relevant for planning the following steps. As a rule of thumb, co-design sessions

should not exceed more than 10 participants (excluding the facilitator(s)) in order to allow for a

professional moderation and to give all participants the opportunity to share their perspective.

Furthermore, the planning of the duration of co-design sessions (and correspondingly of the

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facilitators’ inputs) needs to be aware of limitations of both participants’ availability and ability to

concentrate (particularly with regard to digital interactions). If possible, sessions should not exceed

three hours (with built in flexibility though to extend/shorten if needed) with further restrictions

applying to digital formats. Lastly, at this stage ENPOR partners should also plan ahead for

unexpected events that might occur during the co-design session (e.g., drop-out / disengagement

of participants, conflicts, off-topic discussions, etc.) and develop suitable responses to deal with

them.

3.2.3 Recruiting

A recent systematic review of European energy poverty research and innovation projects found the

engagement of energy poor households to be the main challenge for successful project

implementation.8 Vulnerable households may not have the motivation to contribute to

collaborative design activities, especially in sensitive topics such as energy poverty. In addition to a

possible uneasiness about acknowledging and discussing own disadvantages with strangers, energy

poor tenants may perceive their possibilities for reducing their energy consumption and lowering

their energy bills as limited. Setting up an initial contact is thus the most critical part of this process.

A promising strategy for recruiting a sufficient number of energy poor tenants for involvement in

co-design activities needs to adequately consider these challenges. In order to overcome possible

distrust towards ENPOR and to locate energy poor tenants in the first place, close collaboration

and the development of on-going partnerships with trusted intermediaries is a recommended

approach. These intermediaries need to be ideally community based, and have a visible and long-

standing presence in areas where private renting is common. Going through these intermediaries

may also facilitate the engagement of different sub-groups (e.g., among pensioners, single parents

(which may also address to some extent the gender dimension), etc.) and gain valuable insights

regarding local specificities to be considered. Possible intermediaries in the context of ENPOR (not

exhaustive and with some possible overlap) comprise consumer associations, tenant associations,

social welfare associations, religious organisations, quarter management, community groups,

pensioner and women organisations. Particularly the latter can play a crucial role, to ensure the

adequate representation of female tenants in the process. Alternative or complementary

approaches for tenant recruitment could be to use a public call for a query, published in local media

/ news or “by foot”, i.e., identifying areas in which beneficiaries are likely to be found based on the

visual appearance of buildings and / or evaluation of spatial socio-economic data and knocking on

doors. However, these approaches may be less fruitful due to the more indirect nature of

communication or impractical to be implemented during the pandemic situation respectively.

In addition to using adequate channels for outreach, the second important aspect to consider

within recruiting is to use the right messaging content. In light of the assumed reluctance to

participate in the process, the direct benefits of doing so should be at the core of the

communication. To this end, key messages must be developed that clearly set out the specific

benefits of 1) joining the co-design process itself, and 2) the respective policy (type) to be further

8 Gangale, F., and Mengolini, A.,Energy poverty through the lens of EU research and innovation projects, EUR 29785EN, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2019

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developed. Within ENPOR, incentives offered by all partners for participating in the co-design

process can be the provision of practical energy saving advice in combination with low-effort

technical solutions (e.g., energy-saving bulbs, water-saving shower heads, socket strips with a

switch, thermostats…). Benefits related to the policy itself may be used as an incentive only if the

co-design target relates to a policy, which participants can be offered to make use of later in the

implementation phase (e.g., a training and information programme). In cases, where the co-design

aims at the further development of grant schemes or other investment related policies, tenants

may only benefit from the result if their landlords can be convinced to make the respective

investment decisions. In these instances, recruiting should thus aim to bring both parties on board

in order to establish relevance of the process for the tenants. In fact, given their central role, a

more conducive approach here could be to initially approach interested landlords (e.g., via

associations) and ask them to engage their tenants in the process. A precondition for this is an

existing trustful landlord-tenant relationship and a commonly shared interest of achieving an

equitable solution for both sides. The value for both co-design participants and the project can be

further improved, if the recruiting achieves to involve landlord-tenant couples that have already

successfully implemented innovative and equitable solutions under the current policy regime to

share their experiences and insights. This aspect will then have to be included in the call for

participation.

Given that a part of energy poor households tends to under-consume basic energy services, an

appealing messaging should in general go beyond monetary savings and place a stronger emphasis

on possible health and comfort improvements. In addition, their central role within the process and

opportunity to shape the further development of national policy to better match their needs should

be highlighted. Table 10 lists incentives and key messages to be used in the communication

differentiated by the policy type to be co-created.

Table 10: Policy type specific incentives and key messages for tenant engagement

Policy type Incentives Key message(s)

Behaviour related (landlord independent)

Provision of energy saving advice Provision of small energy saving devices Possibility to exchange with other affected tenants

Opportunity to shape national policy / programmes to better match their needs Energy efficiency improvements save money and can improve health and comfort Explore ways of saving energy and money in your household

Investment related (landlord dependent)

Provision of energy saving advice Provision of small energy saving devices Possibility to exchange with other affected tenants (and landlords) Agreement with landlord on energy efficiency improvements

Opportunity to shape national policy / programmes to better match their needs Energy efficiency improvements save money and can improve health and comfort

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3.2.4 Sensitizing

The sensitizing stage refers to the preparatory actions to be undertaken before the implementation

of the co-design sessions. This step aims to further prepare and familiarize participants with the

underlying concept, process and target of the co-design and to clarify mutual expectations and

requirements of the co-design sessions or the actual policy to be re-designed.9 To this end, if

possible ENPOR partners should make bilateral contact with the recruited tenants before the

sessions in order to elaborate on the named aspects and to start building a trustworthy

relationship. This exchange can also serve as an opportunity to collect preliminary ideas and

questions for the session and to anticipate potential issues with the session design. While an

interaction in person would be preferable, particularly regarding the establishment of a trusting

relationship as a crucial condition for open exchange, ENPOR partners will have to rely on other

modes of interaction, with videoconferencing being the second-best option. As a complementary

action, participants should be provided with a document outlining these aspects in a concise and

easily understandable manner.

3.2.5 Facilitation

Dealing with a sensitive issue, skilled facilitation of the co-design sessions by ENPOR partners is

crucial to both avoid stigmatization of participants and to enable the elaboration of the results

aimed for. To this end, it is important that facilitators create a trusting environment, in which

participants feel comfortable and inspired to share their experiences and ideas and to collaborate

with other participants to develop novel solutions. This also entails choosing the most appropriate

tools and methods to enable people to communicate and engage with each other. Furthermore,

facilitators should clearly communicate that the session is a safe space and that confidential

treatment of participants’ private information is a guiding principle unless granted permission of

use. In this instance, also permission for recording the session for evaluation purposes should be

formally obtained (though this approval should optimally already be obtained during the sensitizing

stage in order to allow for sufficient time to adapt the documentation approach if necessary).

Lastly, facilitating collaborative activities with diverse participants requires careful observation of

individual needs and group dynamics and the ability to re-calibrate the process based on those

observations.

After a short introduction of the project and its targets, the co-design process might start with an

‘ice-breaker’ activity to allow participants to become familiar with the facilitator and other

participants as well as the objectives of the co-design activity. Such activities should enable

participants to learn something personal about the other group members to generate mutual

empathy without touching upon sensitive matters at this point. For example, a harmless question

to start with could be “Do you have a passion project or hobby you look forward to doing in your

time off?” In case someone doesn’t have a pet project, switch the question to: “If you had unlimited

time or money, what would your pet project be?”. Alternatively, the facilitator can ask all

participants to respond to a general question by means of signalling and thus visualise

9 Steen, M., Manschot, M., & Koning, N. (2011), "Benefits of Co-design in Service Design Projects", International Journal of Design, No. 5 Vol. 2, pp. 53-60.

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commonalities (for digital application see Chapter 4.2).

Once the warming up has been completed, the focus of the session can turn to individual activities

and / or in-group discussions corresponding to the session target, followed by the development of

ideas. During this stage, all co-design tools (e.g., role playing, mock-ups, cards, canvas) should be

considered and selected based upon the potential to empower participants and encourage

collaboration and creativity. The pertinent literature recognizes three main types of techniques for

co-design: telling, enacting, and making.10 Using these techniques can help ENPOR partners to

reveal ‘real rather than assumed behaviours’11 and to make tacit knowledge explicit that is

ingrained in people's everyday experiences. Suitable methods to reveal such knowledge are diaries,

collages, card sorts, model building, and various forms of mapping and roleplaying.12

Box: Things to consider during co-design facilitation

• Take 5-10 minutes in the beginning of a session to describe the project as a whole, its goals, and how

participants’ contribution relates to the entire project. • Take another few minutes to communicate with the participants what the session entails and what is

expected from them. Projecting a step-by-step schedule of the session and making a hard copy available for each group helps some participants to know where they are in the process and what they should expect next.

• Throughout the session, try not to break the groups’ workflow with too many interruptions, announcements, and breaks.

• Recommend flexible breaks, so groups can take breaks as needed and spend longer and less interrupted chunks of time on a task.

• Provide some reminder / preparation prior to the transitioning to a new task (e.g., 5 min reminder). • Be mindful of each participant’s needs and group dynamics. If there are several facilitators, assign each

facilitator to specific groups, so they can become more familiar with members of those groups, their needs and their interactions.

• When conversations are fading down, join groups to prompt them with additional questions, share personal experiences, and provide other examples or introduce them to the next task / step. But be mindful that you are there to facilitate, let the group steer the conversation as much as possible and contribute their own ideas.

• When group members have conflicting physical needs, join the groups to help with physical tasks, such as note taking, drawing, building prototypes, etc.

• To reduce negative group dynamics, ask group members to switch their seats / breakout rooms. Often a simple change in perspective will reset the dynamic of the group.

• Try to speak slowly, with an audible voice, and avoid using technical terms / acronyms or at least provide a description for them.

Source: https://cities.inclusivedesign.ca/resources/co-design-facilitation-techniques/

10 Sanders, E. 2014. ‘Perspectives on Participation in Design.’ In C. Mareis, M. Held, and G. Joost (eds.), Wer gestaltet die Gestaltung? Praxis, Theorie und Geschichte des partizipatorischen Designs (pp. 61–75). Bielefeld: transcript Verlag. 11 O'Rafferty, S., A. de Eyto and H. J. Lewis. 2016. ‘Open Practices: Lessons from Co-Design of Public Services for Behaviour Change.’ In P. Lloyd and E. Bohemia (eds.), Proceedings of DRS 2016: Design + Research + Society (pp. 3573–3590). Brighton: Design Research Society. 12 Akama, Y. and A. Prendiville. 2016. ‘Embodying, Enacting and Entangling Design: A Phenomenological View to Co-Designing Services.’ Swedish Design Research Journal 8(1):29–40.

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3.2.6 Evaluation

As a final step, ENPOR partners will perform the evaluation of the session outcomes. This task will

be implemented with view to capturing the full breadth and depth of participants’ stated

perspectives on the subject and summarizing them in a concise way to inform the redesign of the

policy or policies in question. The basis for this task is laid within the conceptualisation phase of

the co-design sessions, in which both the session targets and documentation approach to capture

the outcomes are defined. With the co-design process being both iterative and interactive between

the tenant / landlord group and the REACT group (see Chapter 4.1), the accurate evaluation and

communication of the outcomes of tenant / landlord involvement is crucial to ensure adequate

recognition of their perspectives and needs within the redesigned ENPOR policies and thus avoid

frustration and possible drop-outs. Furthermore, it helps to avoid a possible (costly) failure of the

policy design to properly address the needs and challenges of their respective target group. Besides

a first assessment by ENPOR partners, evaluation of inputs in terms of their practicality will be

jointly performed by REACT group members - particularly on the part of the coordinating authority

with regard to administrative restrictions and requirements. An additional step of evaluating the

outcomes of the co-design process will relate to the impact monitoring of the redesigned policies

in WP3.

3.3 Gender-sensitive approach

Finally, it should be emphasized that ENPOR is committed to set a special focus on improving the

situation of women, and that it will make every effort to examine the role of gender within the

context of energy poverty and to include these issues during the co-creation process and within

the policy conclusions. Evidence exists that there are significant gendered differences in both

people’s energy-related practices and their relationship with the energy system, which can also

affect their risk of energy poverty, their experience of being energy poor, and their capacity to

overcome it. There are increasing numbers of one-person households in the EU, the majority of

which are female, which has been declared as a result of greater female longevity leading to greater

numbers of women living alone at pensionable age.13 In the last decade, also a substantial increase

of the number of households with children that are headed by a single adult (2019: 14%) could be

observed. Statistics show clearly that single parenthood is strongly gendered: many more

households with a single adult and dependent children are headed by women (almost 80 %)

compared to men.14 Despite having higher educational aspirations, women still often face

structural inequalities in the labour market, being employed in professional fields with lower

income levels. Combined with part time models due to family role patterns, this can raise the risk

of poverty. ENPOR thus seeks to particularly integrate women into the co-creation process in order

to ensure that the developed policy recommendations are gender sensitive and that proposed

policy instruments and suggestions for support measures will be gender mainstreamed. In addition

to the descriptions in chapters 3.1 and 3.2, gender specific needs, challenges and barriers have to

be analysed in the recruiting, planning, sensitizing and facilitation steps, concluding in respective

13 Clancy, J., Daskalova, V., Feenstra, M., Francechelli, N., Sanz, M., 2017. Gender perspective on access to energy in the EU. European Parliament Policy Department for Citizens’ Rights and Constitutional Affairs, Brussels. 14 https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/STUD/2020/659870/IPOL_STU(2020)659870_EN.pdf

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communication, incentives and engagement approaches for women.

Lack of time due to work, shift work and family duties can prevent female target groups among

energy poor households to join the co-creation process. Although it bares the risk of reproducing

gender prejudices, ENPOR partners may also consider that a rather technical framing of the co-

creation process relating to energy efficiency issues may not attract female tenants due to a

perceived lack of knowledge, technical language skills and related low self-efficacy. This can turn

into a lack of trust, or they simply do not see any link to their personal life. Among these target

groups, a considerable share of women may just be unfamiliar with such formats or be

uncomfortable with speaking up in big rounds. On the other hand, representation in various citizen

groups and NGOs who could serve as trusted intermediaries could be an advantage regarding their

involvement.

As a conclusion, through the whole process, women should be especially encouraged and

empowered to join the process. Therefore, in the preparatory actions for the co-designing, it will

be important to approach and attract women through the right outreach channels and with the

right messaging: This starts with the design and preparatory materials that should be in line with

gender focused communication, e.g. warm/friendly colours or title motives which do not focus on

technical devices, but for instance comfortable family life, etc.. Informational posters and calls

could be placed in social networks and places where women socialize (e.g., single mothers groups,

women's gym, churches, citizen centres/centres for social work, facilities of child care, circles of

handicraft), the envisioned programme could be mentioned in the local radio or TV programmes,

especially in ones that specifically address women. The messages should invite and encourage the

different female groups, assuring that the project really wants to hear about their situation (i.e.,

that they and their experience and participation in this process are important) and underlining that

this project does not only speak about technical issues, but seeks to provide benefits in the field of

health, comfort improvements, and monetary savings for them and their families and children.

Language should be largely non-technical and places for physical meetings should be selected,

where women feel comfortable. A trusted and inspiring environment could be built by smaller

groups to share their experience, or setting groups consisting only of women (at least in a first

step). In the preparation of the sessions, generally, bilateral and sufficient instructions for the

digital participation and use of online tools should be offered. If physical meetings are not possible,

it should be carefully weighed, which communication channels are suitable for which female target

groups, with regard to their media preferences and time availability/flexibility (e.g., phone

interviews for female pensioners instead of online meetings or online surveys). Finally, engagement

of these target groups is also possible via intermediary organisations and local actors that work

with women.

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4 CO-CREATION OF POLICIES

Co-creation can be described as the involvement of citizens in the initiation and / or the design of

public services to develop beneficial outcomes.15 Key success principles for co-creation include: a

systems perspective (assuming emergence, local adaptation, and nonlinearity), the framing of

research as a creative enterprise with human experience at its core and an emphasis on process

(the framing of the policy/programme, the nature of relationships, and governance and facilitation

arrangements, especially the style of leadership and how conflict is managed).16 The co-creation

and implementation of policies that benefit energy poor tenants in the private rented sector (PRS)

is at the very core of ENPOR. The following sections describe the envisioned setup of the co-

creation process, presents a set of suitable methods and tools to be used and outlines the

monitoring strategy.

4.1 Process and timeline

The process of the policy co-creation corresponds to the overall project setup and is structured into

two phases: in the first phase (Month 6-10), the policy improvements are co-designed by the REACT

groups with view to the identified needs and challenges of energy poor tenants (and landlords) and

in consideration of national circumstances and best practices. In the second phase (Month 11-32),

the further developed policies are implemented with the focus and tasks of REACT groups shifting

towards supporting the implementing entities with arising issues and the provision of monitoring

data. The process builds on a series of physical and (likely for the most part) digital REACT group

meetings, in which different formats and tools are employed that correspond to the respective

meeting targets. Due to differing policy types to be co-created and differing policy environments

in the ENPOR countries, the content and targets of national REACT group meetings throughout the

project will differ to some extent. In order to ensure the timely integration of the perspectives,

needs and challenges of energy poor tenants as well as the inputs from other work packages, the

co-design process up until the start of ENPOR policies implementation will be streamlined to a

sensible extent. In the following, the foreseen approach for co-designing ENPOR policies is

described.

4.1.1 Policy (improvement) co-design In total, the co-design process will consist of three REACT group meetings, in which stakeholders

will be presented with different inputs to aid the further development of ENPOR policies. A key

input to this process is the perspective of energy poor tenants (and landlords). While both groups’

interests will be represented in the meetings by representatives of tenant / landlord associations,

charitable organisations and others, direct exchange with members of the target group is deemed

essential to ensure the development of practical and targeted policies. Dealing with a sensitive and

personal issue, on which energy poor tenants may not be willing to talk about in a high-level

15 Voorberg, W. H., V. J. J. M. Bekkers, and L. G. Tummers.2015. “A Systematic Review of Co-Creation and Co-Production: Embarking on the Social Innovation Journey.” Public Management Review 17 (9): 1333–1357. 16 Greenhalgh, T.; Jackson, C.; Shaw, S. and Janamian, T. (2016): Achieving Research Impact Through Co-creation in Community-Based Health Services: Literature Review and Case Study. The Milbank Quarterly, 94 (2), 392-429.

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stakeholder setting, ENPOR will thus offer an alternative tiered approach to organize the inclusion

of target group perspectives and ideas. Instead of having energy poor tenants directly participate

in the REACT group meetings, separate formats will be implemented in between REACT group

meetings to inform the policy co-creation. As a possible extension, energy poor tenants can then

appoint one or multiple “ambassador(s)” to personally represent their interests in the following

REACT group meetings and report back to the target group. This could serve the further

empowerment of the involved tenants, providing the option (if wanted) to directly interact with

other stakeholders and shape the policies according to the needs of the group they represent. The

process is visualised in Figure 4. In cases, where an extensive or repeated involvement of target

groups seems disproportional (e.g., for the design of information campaigns), less elaborated

approaches to capture their perspectives can be employed (e.g., via survey-based testing of

campaign content).

Figure 4: Visualisation of ENPOR policy co-design process

The first REACT group meeting will largely serve as a constituting session, in which the REACT group

members will get to know each other and will be introduced to the project setup and objectives.

Limited content will be provided by ENPOR partners on the national energy poverty framework and

(where sensible) results from the analysis on energy poverty in the private rented sector (D2.1).

ENPOR partners will provide a brief analysis of the selected policy / policies to be further developed

including its / their linkages to social and other relevant policy and highlight the main challenges to

be addressed by the co-creation. In addition, the participants will be presented an initial mapping

of the main elements, which - according to ENPOR partners -must be adapted. Further meeting

targets relate to the identification of different (and possibly conflicting) stakeholder interests,

expectations and perspectives and the definition of a joint vision of the co-creation target. The

collection of stakeholder perspectives will both serve to update the stakeholder analysis guiding

the communication strategy as well as inform the further policy improvement co-design process.

At the end of the meeting, participants should have a clear understanding of the general objective,

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the process towards that objective and the expectations of ENPOR regarding their contributions

(e.g., engagement of target groups, provision of monitoring data, dissemination of results,..).

In a second step, the collection of energy poor tenants’ perspectives will be implemented to

identify their needs and practical challenges vis-à-vis the ENPOR policies to be further developed.

Depending on the national context, the identified relevant sub-groups and pre-existing channels

for outreach, the most suitable method / format for data collection may vary (cf. Chapter 3.2.5).

Possible ways of capturing qualitative information are workshops, focus groups or bilateral

interviews. Considering the current pandemic situation, probably most of these activities might not

be done in person but online or via telephone. Also, surveys can be an option (or an add-on) in case

of direct or indirect access to contact information (e.g., addresses, email addresses). Within this

step, ENPOR partners should carefully evaluate sub-group specific needs and challenges, which

may be multidimensional and thus require an equally multifaceted approach to address them (cf.

Chapter 3.2.2). Accordingly, the analysis could well point to a need for going beyond improving the

delivery of a particular benefit (e.g., behavioural advice) and to (additionally) reflect on ways to

(better) integrate different services / benefits within a targeted policy package.

The second REACT group meeting will start off the actual co-design process. Within this meeting,

stakeholders will be presented different content based on the performed analyses within other

work packages. Leading up to an initial policy proposal, ENPOR partners will present European best

practice regarding the delivery of the service(s) / benefit(s) in question, insights on structural

factors impacting energy poverty in the PRS and tenant / landlord perspectives collected in the

previous step to be considered within the policy design (alternatively, this part can be assumed by

a potential “ambassador”). In the following, the initial policy proposal informed by these insights

will be presented and discussed. To this end, the group will provide feedback and highlight potential

flaws in the design and barriers for its implementation as well as possible solutions to overcome

them. To structure this process, ENPOR partners will categorise the identified barriers with regard

to their type (e.g., regulatory, economic, social, technical), possible solutions and the actors to be

involved to overcome them (insofar applicable). In case there are several solutions for a distinct

issue, suitable tools (e.g., SWOT analysis, decision tree) will be employed to identify the best

approach. Particular consideration should be given here to gender related differences with regard

to the perception and / or utilisation of policy related benefits. An additional aspect to be discussed

in the meeting is the monitoring framework (D.3.3), including minimum data requirements as well

as the methods, timeline and responsibilities for their collection. At the end of a meeting, the design

components of the further developed ENPOR policies should be agreed upon by all stakeholders

and be ready for presentation to the target group for final feedback.

To ensure its practicality and utility to match the target group needs, the following step will collect feedback from energy poor tenants (and landlords) on the further developed ENPOR policy

proposal. To this end, the proposal and its inherent steps of service(s) / benefit(s) delivery will be

described to the target group(s) by ENPOR partners within a dedicated session (either within

another workshop / focus group meeting or a second round of bilateral interviews). Subsequently,

tenants and / or landlords will be asked to point out any remaining barriers for them to benefit

from the proposed policy or perceived mismatch between the provided benefits and their needs.

Based on this feedback, possible practical solutions to further improve the policy utility will be

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discussed and documented for the following REACT group meeting.

The third REACT group meeting will aim to finalise the policy design process based on the tenants’

feedback and to prepare the policy implementation and its monitoring. In case there are several

(mutually exclusive) adaptation options on the table, the group will decide with regard to which

option provides the greatest benefit to a previously defined target (sub-)group (if applicable) and /

or is considered to maximise the overall policy impact. In addition, the mode and timeline for policy

monitoring will be defined including milestones after which the accompanying policy delivery and

impact evaluation will inform potential adjustments. If necessary, feasible adjustments will be

discussed and decided at an early REACT group meeting in the second phase of co-creation to

enable timely and effective delivery of benefits within the project duration. Table 11 provides a

quick overview of the co-design process.

Table 11: Overview of the envisioned co-design process

PM

Step Format(s) Participants Content Target(s) Input from

6 1st REACT group meeting

Digital session

REACT group members ENPOR partners

1. Introduction, project presentation, 2. Presentation of EP Framework Analysis results, national EP Framework and co-creation target (i.e., policy to be further developed) 3. Collection / documentation of expectations / information needs (for capacity building), 4. Outlook towards next meeting

REACT group establishment Clarification of interests and perspectives of members Identification of barriers Define joint vision of co-creation target

WP2: Energy Poverty Framework in the PRS (D2.1) WP3: national economic and legal barriers

6 Collection of energy poor tenant perspectives / ideas

(Digital) Focus group / workshop; interviews; survey

EP tenants ENPOR partners (Member of intermediary organisation)

Presentation of current policies / support actions for energy poor tenants Presentation of co-creation target

Identification of needs and challenges Identification of policy gaps Development of own ideas

WP3: national EP policy framework

8 2nd REACT group meeting

Digital session

REACT group members ENPOR partners

Capacity building (tbd) Presentation of pertinent best practice

Capacity building Further development of initial

WP2: Best practice Decision tree (D2.2)

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(EP tenant ambassador)

structural impact factors EP tenant perspectives initial policy proposal Monitoring / data requirements

policy proposal

Structural impact factors (D2.3) WP3: Initial policy proposal Monitoring framework (D3.3) WP4: Capacity building (tbd)

8 Feedback loop with energy poor tenants

(Digital) Focus group; interviews; survey

EP tenants ENPOR partners (Member of intermediary organisation)

Presentation and discussion of policy proposal

Collection of feedback Assessment of practicality

WP3: Policy proposal

10 3rd REACT group meeting

Physical workshop

REACT group members ENPOR partners (EP tenant ambassador)

Presentation of EP tenant feedback Discussion / decision on adaptation options Implementation / evaluation schedule

Finalisation of policy design Preparation of policy implementation

WP3: Adapted policy proposal EP tenant feedback

4.1.2 Policy implementation The REACT group meetings in the second phase of the co-creation will largely serve three main

purposes: monitoring of the ENPOR policy implementation and possible design / delivery

adjustments, (stakeholder specific) capacity building activities for its members and dissemination

of project results. As pointed out, content of those meetings across ENPOR countries will differ to

some extent depending on the issues arising with the respective ENPOR policies. Moreover, also

composition of REACT group participants may be varied depending on the respective meeting

targets.

4.2 Co-creation methods and tools

While the overall target of the co-creation process to (further) develop the policy design of ENPOR

policies is clear, the following section provides some guidelines for its operational implementation.

To this end, a range of possible methods and tools to structure the REACT group meetings and to

achieve the desired outcomes are outlined. To facilitate ENPOR partners’ selection of the most

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suitable method for their purpose, they are sorted according to their function (i.e. the target which

their application can help to achieve). Furthermore, given the current restrictions with regard to

the implementation of physical meetings, a special focus will be given to digital formats and tools.

With regard to their application, ENPOR partners need to consider restrictions of use by

stakeholders with a low digital skillset and thus plan to provide technical support where needed.

Most of the below methods are applicable both offline and online with some adaptation. In case

of online conduction, there are certain guidelines for successful workshops. Online events should

in general be shorter than their physical counterparts. Also, it is a good idea to include breaks more

frequently, for e.g., every hour or at least once every 90 minutes. To facilitate a friendly climate

especially to speakers, it has proven to switch on cameras in video-conferences, even during

presentations.

Table 12 provides an overview of methods, tools, their fields of application and their suitability for

the different stakeholder groups.

Table 12: Overview of methods, tools, fields of application and their suitability for the different stakeholder groups

Field of application

Method Necessary tools for online adaptation

Preparation Suitable for

Collect qualitative data

Focus groups: qualitative research method based on group discussions

Video-conferencing

In online settings, it is useful to limit the number of each group to 4-5 participants. The sessions last about 60-90 minutes instead of the more common 2 hours for in-person focus groups.

Target groups

Break the ice Everyone-Who: warm-up game

Video-conferencing

All participants cover their webcam with a post-it. The moderator asks a question following the “everyone-who”-scheme, for example: “Everyone who slept well last night” or “everyone who lives in a big city”. Participants to whom this applies remove the post-it and are allowed to ask the next question for all remaining participants in the game.

Target groups

SpatialChat: Virtual conference room

SpatialChat To set up a virtual conference room where participants can “walk around” and join different groups, the facilitator has to generate a link at SpatialChat. Participants can then join without prior registration. The room might be used to get to know each other before the actual meeting or as a space for further communication after the group meetings.

Target and REACT groups

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Elaborate sensitive issues

Open spaces: work on one aspect of the topic

Video-conferencing (break-out function) and collaboration tools

The participants come together in subgroups. Only a rough topic is agreed upon, for which the attendees are to develop ideas and proposals for solutions. There is no timetable or even a fixed agenda. If a participant finds that he is better off in another group, he may change the group after a short break. It is important, however, that no results are lost in the process. Therefore, one person from the group must record the ideas. The results are to be presented later on in the plenum.

REACT groups

Include all perspectives

Table sessions: short speeches and discussion

Video-conferencing (break-out function)

The participants are divided into small groups. In each group, one of the participants gives a short impulse lasting a maximum of 15 minutes. This is followed by a joint discussion in the entire group. If necessary, the facilitator can plan the impulses with the stakeholders before the workshop.

REACT groups

World-Café: successive rounds of short talks

Video-conferencing (break-out function) and collaboration tools

Subgroups of 3-4 people are formed. In successive rounds of talks lasting 15-20 minutes, questions or problems are discussed simultaneously in all subgroups. In each round, the participants use collaboration tools to articulate what’s most important to them. After each round the participants mix again. There are moderators for each topic who welcome the newcomers, summarize what has been discussed so far and start the discourse again.

REACT groups

Solve conflicts

Six thinking heads: elaborate different perspectives

Video-conferencing and collaboration tools

This method encourages a group to approach the issue at hand from a number of different perspectives. Each participant is assigned one of six “hats” that represent different ways of thinking: process, facts, feelings, creativity, benefits and cautions. The process works best with a time limit (5 minutes maximum) for each hat. This encourages the group to ‘try on other hats’ and helps people consider the idea from different perspectives.

REACT groups

Decide SWOT-Analysis: evaluate and select design options

Video-conferencing and collaboration tools

In the context of policy co-design, SWOT analysis is suitable for a detailed discussion, evaluation and selection of different design options. For a given option, the 4 dimensions strengths,

REACT groups

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weaknesses, opportunities and threats / risks are brainstormed by all participants. The perspective on strengths and weaknesses is an internal view. Opportunities and risks arise from an external perspective. The time required for the brainstorming depends on the desired level of detail of the analysis.

Surveying Interactive presentation tools

Interactive presentation tools allow for an ad hoc survey among all participants, which can be useful both for online and offline workshops. Participants are provided a link for a survey and the results of their voting are instantly shown at the facilitators screen.

REACT groups

Video-conferencing tools should allow face to face interaction with the participants, video

recording and streaming. Also, options to break out groups into subgroups or private spaces are

needed for most workshop setups. They enable the facilitator of the video-conference to divide

the participants into different subgroups and to reunite them again after a certain time. This option

is available with applications such as Google Meet, Zoom, Jitsi or GoToWebinar. Classical video

conferencing tools often have a static character due to their setup. There are alternative tools who

facilitate a rather informal atmosphere. For example SpatialChat provides a virtual conference

room where participants can “walk around” and join different groups. Additional to video-

conferencing, further communication tools might prove to be helpful in the co-creation process.

Ad-hoc instant chats can be generated with Freenode. Ideas and other notes can be collaboratively

written down in so-called Pads, for e.g. with Systemli.

Interactive presentation tools can provide the following functions: writing comments and

questions and upvoting comments and questions from others, conducting surveys and graphic

presentation of the results, interactive quizzes, and joint production of keyword clouds. Providers

are Mentimeter and AhaSlides.

Software for digital collaboration replaces in a certain way the whiteboard or flipchart that is used

in the sessions. Some example exercises are collective brainstorm activities in which the

participants write down ideas on virtual post-it notes, plotting post-it notes in a matrix or map to

prioritize items, or simply keeping track of inspiration and solutions that come up during the session

in a visual way. Digital whiteboard providers are Whimsical and Miro as well as Jamboard by

Google.

Digital work platforms, on which documents will be uploaded and shared for joint editing can

facilitate the exchange of information and the collaborative work on REACT group outputs beyond

the meetings. Within the ENPOR consortium, Microsoft Teams is used as a common work platform

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and can be used also for REACT groups. However, in light of the complex two-stage registration

process, ENPOR partners likely need to assist REACT group members, particularly less experienced

ICT users. Alternatively, Google also provides a comprehensive platform service for registered

users, which can be used to share files and jointly work on documents. Table 13 provides an

overview of the different tools, providers and their requirements (as of December 2020).

Table 13: Overview of different digital tools, providers and their requirements

Tool Provider Requirements Link

Video-conferencing

Google Meet Registration of facilitator https://meet.google.com

Zoom Registration of facilitator https://zoom.us

SpatialChat Registration of facilitator https://spatial.chat

Jitsi No registration necessary https://meet.jit.si/

GoToWebinar Registration of facilitator https://www.gotomeeting.com/webinar

Communication tools

Freenode No registration necessary https://webchat.freenode.net

Systemli No registration necessary https://pad.systemli.org

Interactive presentation tools

Mentimeter Registration of facilitator https://www.mentimeter.com

AhaSlides Registration of facilitator https://ahaslides.com

Digital collaboration tools

Whimsical Registration of all participants

https://whimsical.com

Miro Registration of all participants

https://miro.com

Google Jamboard

Registration of all participants

https://jamboard.google.com

Digital work platforms

Microsoft Teams

Registration of all participants

https://www.microsoft.com/en/microsoft-teams/free

Google Drive / Docs

Registration of facilitator https://drive.google.com

4.3 Monitoring

In order to ensure a targeted implementation of the policy co-creation and to provide an

information basis for its replication, systematic monitoring of the process and its outcome is

envisioned. To this end, ENPOR partners will record their experiences with (successfully or not

successfully) engaging different stakeholders over the project duration and implement short

surveys among REACT group participants at the end of each meeting to assess the achievement of

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specific meeting targets as well as the inclusiveness of the process. Furthermore, collected

feedback may relate to the efficiency of the meeting setup and implementation and provide

insights regarding the content and design of following meetings. In case of a meeting being used

for capacity building activities (T4.2), participants will be asked to assess the delivery and usefulness

of the provided information for their own work and the overall co-creation process. Depending on

the format of the meeting (digital or in person), surveys will accordingly be implemented either as

online or paper questionnaires. In Table 14, dimensions of interest for the monitoring / evaluation

of the process and corresponding exemplary survey items (with answer options ranging from

‘strongly agree’ to ‘strongly disagree’) are listed. In addition, ENPOR partners should qualitatively

assess whether participants display changing interest / positions in the subject over the course of

the different meetings to adapt their stakeholder mapping and corresponding communication

strategy accordingly.

Table 14: Monitoring dimensions and exemplary survey items

Dimension of interest Exemplary item(s)

Inclusiveness “I was given the opportunity to express my opinions within the process.” “My points of view were adequately considered within the process.”

Efficiency “The meeting targets were achieved in an efficient manner.”

Effectiveness “The meeting has achieved its defined target(s).”

Relevance “The meeting content is relevant for my work.” “The meeting content has provided added value for the policy co-creation.”

Adequacy “The meeting format was suitable to achieve the meeting target(s).”

In addition, formal communication within the REACT group will be monitored and reported with

regard to the Key Performance Indicators listed in the project communication plan (D5.1).

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5 CONCLUSION

The first draft of the deliverable D4.1 presents a framework for the strategic engagement of

relevant stakeholders in the further development of energy poverty policies in the seven ENPOR

countries. It supports ENPOR partners with the identification and classification of stakeholders that

play a crucial role for the co-creation of practical and targeted policies and thus contributes to the

achievement of the overall project target to more effectively tackle energy poverty in the Private

Rented Sector. The engaged stakeholders not only support the policy design and implementation

but also act as disseminators of the project outcomes to their respective professional realm and

thus help to extend the project impact beyond the scope of ENPOR.

The REACT groups to be established according to this strategy are the nucleus in which ENPOR

partners and the different stakeholders meet, exchange knowledge and build new networks and

develop and elaborate novel ideas for policy redesign. Furthermore, the REACT groups serve as a

platform to gather data for better monitoring the state of energy poverty in the PRS as well as the

impact of ENPOR policies. Accordingly, initiating and maintaining dedicated engagement of

stakeholders is essential for the project success. Given the variety of policy types and

environments, in which their further development is embedded, the presented strategy provides

ENPOR partners with a toolbox to adapt their engagement strategy to their individual context and

requirements. A template for applying the outlined strategy to national and / or policy specific

circumstances is attached in the Annexes.

Within the update of this Deliverable scheduled for month 12 of the project, a review and possible

adaptation of the proposed proceeding based on the experiences made by ENPOR partners will be

implemented. To this end, the continuous monitoring of the stakeholder engagement by ENPOR

partners will provide insights regarding the practicality and effectiveness of different approaches

and tools. Ultimately, this document shall serve as a blueprint for other parties interested in co-

creating energy poverty policies for the PRS in their domain.

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6 ANNEXES

6.1 Annex 1: Templates for adapted engagement strategies

Table 15: Table template for short policy overview

ENPOR Partner

Country Name of Support Scheme Short description Obstacles and challenges Policy design improvements

Identification and analysis of stakeholders

Table 16: Table template for stakeholder identification and analysis

Stakeholder Group1 Representative

organisation(s) Expected contributions Interests2

(Evaluation of relation to the project (opposed/supportive): -, --, 0, +, ++)

Power3 (Evaluation of relation to the project: o, +, ++, +++)

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

1 Who are potential beneficiaries of a policy? Who could be adversely affected?; Who would resent change and mobilise resistance against it?; Who has which rights and responsibilities?; Who has access to relevant resources, skills or key information?; Who could be the voiceless groups?; Whose behaviour has to change for success? 2 What are the current and potential benefits and costs of the policy (redesign) for the stakeholder? What stakeholder’s interests conflict with the goals of the policy? What resources has the stakeholder mobilised, or is willing to mobilise? What are the stakeholder's experiences with or expectations towards the policy / the co-creation? 3 Who is dependent on whom? Which stakeholders are organised? How can that organisation be influenced or built upon? Who has control over which resources? Who has control over information? Which problems, affecting which stakeholders, are the priorities to address or alleviate?; Which stakeholders’ needs, interests and expectations


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should be given priority attention with respect to the policy in question? Stakeholder mapping (Power-Interest-Grid)

Table 17: Table template for stakeholder categorisation / mapping

Power-Interest Category Stakeholders

High interest and high power (Key Players)

Low interest, but high power (Meet their Needs)

High interest, but low power (Keep informed)

Low interest and low power (Monitor)

Figure 5: Template for Power-Interest-Grid

Influ

ence/Pow

erofStakeho

lder

InterestofStakeholder


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Stakeholder communication/initial engagement Table 18: Table template for collecting stakeholder specific barriers, incentives and communication approaches

Stakeholder organisation(s)

Barriers for participation Incentives Messaging Communication channels

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. …

Involvement of energy poor tenants Table 19: Table template for planning the involvement of energy poor tenants in the co-creation process

Target (Sub)Group(s) of support scheme

Resourcing (required inputs and barriers to be addressed)

Planning (engagement target(s), timeline, number of tenants to be involved)

Recruiting (means and channels of outreach (intermediary organisations), messaging)

Sensitizing (mode, content, timeline)

Facilitation (tools, methods, setup, documentation)

Evaluation (analysis and preparation of results for REACT groups)

1. 2. 3. 4.

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6.2 Annex 2: Template for REACT Group invitation

Invitation to provide a Letter of Support to the ENPOR initiative

Dear [Sir/Madam],

A new project under the EU Horizon 2020 LC-SC3 EE-2 call “Mitigating Household Energy Poverty” has started with the Institute for European Energy and Climate Policy (IEECP) as a lead partner, and with a strong consortium of partners renowned for their work on energy efficiency, such as the European Energy Poverty Observatory, the Covenant of Mayors, a number of national and regional energy agencies (AEA, ENEA, CRES, TREA, DOOR) and distinguished research entities (University of Manchester, Wuppertal Institute and University of Piraeus Research Center) and the largest global sustainability focused city network Climate Alliance.

The project’s main focus is on supporting the set up and implementation of actions that actively alleviate energy poverty in the private rented sector; and develop a better understanding of the types and needs of energy poor households and how to identify them, taking into account gender differences where relevant, and building on any existing initiatives such as the European Energy Poverty Observatory. The proposed action will support the set-up of financial and non-financial support schemes for energy efficiency and / or small-scale renewable energy investments for energy poor households. These actions will be embedded in, and add value to, structural frameworks and activities involving local, regional, and national authorities, and/or networks such as the Covenant of Mayors.

This project will be highly participatory with involvement of key policymakers and implementers. In several countries we will set up Regional Energy Action (REACT) Groups that will discuss specific national issues and will pave the way for related policy improvements.

Now that the activity has been approved by the European Commission, we would like to invite you to become involved in the ENPOR project as a stakeholder and to contribute to the further development of [insert text on specific policy / policies].

By signing the attached letter of support, you are not undertaking any specific commitment to participate in the project. Activities and your participation will depend on your time/resource availability.

Kind regards, [insert name of representative]

[insert name of organisation, location and website]

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6.3 Annex 3: Template for Letter of Support for REACT group participation

[PLEASE INSERT THE LETTERHEAD OF YOUR ORGANISATION]

LETTER OF SUPPORT for the Horizon 2020 project ENPOR

To Whom It May Concern:

We hereby declare our interest and availability to participate in the project ‘Actions to Mitigate Energy Poverty in the Rented Sector (ENPOR)‘ under the Horizon 2020 program as a stakeholder to the Regional Energy Action (REACT) groups.

By signing the attached letter of support, we understand that we will be given the opportunity to join stakeholder consultation meetings, where we will have the opportunity to co-create policies and measures that aim at identifying and alleviating energy poverty. To the extent possible, we will

• facilitate exchange and replication between our Member Organizations and the pilot schemes developed within the ENPOR project [all associations]

• provide data for monitoring energy poverty in the private rented sector and for evaluating the impact of the co-created pilot schemes [Energy agencies / Energy consultants; Utilities; Public administrations]

• facilitate access to energy poor tenants and support the implementation of the pilot schemes (e.g., by means of advertising) [Charitable and social work associations; Citizens groups / NGOs; Municipalities; Utilities; Landlords / Co-owners’ associations]

• share information on different aspects relevant for the pilot scheme co-creation (e.g. on national housing policy, administrative hurdles, barriers for tenant engagement, examples of good practice, …) [all]

• contribute to communicate project achievements and disseminate project results within our network [all]

• ….

We will be receiving supporting material directly from the ENPOR project, in the form of guidelines, briefings, and communications material, which we may be free to further share with our own network. We will also be receiving project results with decision-making relevance to be used in policy discussion.

We commit to participate and contribute to the above-mentioned activities depending on our time and resource capacity.

Yours sincerely,

Signature: Organization:

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6.4 Annex 4: GDPR compliant forms

[insert your organisation letterhead] [insert ENPOR logo]

REACT GROUP PARTICIPANT CONSENT FORM

Title of Study: ENPOR - ACTIONS TO MITIGATE ENERGY POVERTY IN THE PRIVATE RENTED SECTOR, grant agreement no. 889385; Task 3.1 Design of the policies for energy poverty in the PRS

1 I confirm that I have had the project explained to me, and I have read the participant information sheet, which I may keep for my records.

I understand this will involve participating in a series of meetings and contribute information according to my abilities to further the project target.

2 This information will be held by [insert name of your organisation] as data controller and processed for further developing [insert name of the support scheme(s)] to more effectively tackle energy poverty in the Private Rented Sector. Public Task: The legal basis for processing your personal data will be that this research is a task in the public interest, that is [insert name of your organisation] considers the lawful basis for processing personal data to fall under Article 6(1)(e) of GDPR (public task) as the processing of research participant data is necessary for research purposes and all research with human participants by staff has to be scrutinized and approved by [insert name of your organisation]. [insert name of your organisation] considers the processing of special category personal data will fall under: Article 9(2)(g) of the GDPR as the processing of special category data has to be for the public interest in order to receive research ethics approval and occurs on the basis of law that is, inter alia, proportionate to the aim pursued and protects the rights of data subjects and also under Article 9(2)(a) of the GDPR as the provision of these personal data is completely voluntary.

3 I consent to the outputs of the meetings being shown to other researchers and interested professionals within the consortium.

4 I understand that my participation is voluntary, that I can choose not to participate in part or all of the project, and that I can withdraw at any stage of the project without being penalised or disadvantaged in any way.

5 I agree to the arrangements for data storage, archiving, sharing. 6 I agree to the use of anonymised quotes. 7 I agree that non-anonymised quotes will be possible only upon my approval. 8 I agree to be kept updated with ENPOR Project activities and results through my contact below

e-mail:___________________________________________

Name of Participant_______________________ Signature__________________ Date___________

Name of Researcher_______________________ Signature__________________ Date__________

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ABOUT THE ENPOR PROJECT

Energy poverty is a critical factor for fair energy transition. Alleviating its impact in the private rented sector is a challenge because it can be hidden. The ENPOR Project increases the capacity of the decision makers for understanding and mitigating its effects by designing and implementing ten policies.

THE PROBLEMS

Energy poverty remains at high levels in the EU Member States due to increasing energy costs and slow progress on energy efficiency improvements. Despite various policies in place that directly or indirectly mitigate energy poverty in the household level, energy poverty is increasing in the private rented sector (PRS). The PRS also presents quite specific issues that cannot be dealt adequately in the framework of energy poverty linked directly to energy efficiency, such as:

a) difficulty to identify and quantify energy poor households in the PRS; andb) the delivery of energy efficiency measures to these households is difficult due to structural problems like information deficits, split incentives and others.

THE AIMS

ENPOR aims to overcome both challenges – making energy poverty in the PRS visible and test energy efficiency support schemes to address it. This can increase the effectiveness of policies at a local or regional level, an alignment with structural measures is needed. Dedicated actions are therefore needed that actively contribute to alleviating energy poverty in the PRS by identifying energy poor tenants (and respective homeowners) as well as understanding and addressing their needs.

ENPOR will support the adaption and implementation of ten policies in 7 Member States tailored to the specific needs of the PRS and will integrate them into broader policy objectives.

OUR SOLUTIONS

→ ENPOR will examine in depth energy poverty policies for the PRS across the EU (create policy fiches and elaborate policy suggestions with politicians),

→ Monitor the dimensions of energy poverty in the PRS (create an Energy Poverty Dashboard: online tool mapping energy poverty in Europe),

→ Support tailored policies and will provide guidelines for other countries (organise events for municipalities, energy agencies and energy-poor tenants and their landlords).

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WHO WE ARE

We are a Consortium of organisations working together on this project for 3 years:

Institute for European Energy and Climate Policy Foundation (IEECP), Netherlands, Climate Alliance - Klima-Bündnis - Alianza del Clima e.V. (CA), Germany The University of Manchester (UoM), United Kingdom, University of Piraeus Research Center (UPRC), Greece, Drustvo Za Oblikovanje Odrzivog Razvoja (DOOR), Croatia, Centre for Renewable Energy Sources and Saving Foundation (CRES), Greece, Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie, L’Energia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile (ENEA), Italy, Tartu Regional Energy Agency (TREA), Estonia, Austrian Energy Agency (AEA), Austria, Stichting Hogeschool Utrecht (HU), Netherlands, Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie gGmbH (WI), Germany, Union Internationale de la Propriete Immobiliere (UIPI), Belgium.

Project start: 01/09/2020 | Duration 3 years | Financed by: EU Call: H2020-LC-SC3-EE- 2019 under the topic: “Mitigating household energy poverty”

This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 889385. The sole responsibility for the content lies with the authors. It does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the European Union. Neither the EASME nor the European Commission are responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.

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6.5 Annex 5: Stakeholder Engagement Strategies for each support scheme

6.5.1 Austria (AEA)

Table 20: Short policy overview of the Austrian support schemes

ENPOR Partner


AEA Austria Low-threshold, target group-specific consulting (training, soft measure)

Development of target group-specific consultation and advise material for energy poverty groups, which are as low-threshold as possible and include other stress situations in addition to energy-related questions.

Participation of energy poor households The focus mainly lies on awareness raising, so the impact is limited."

Revision of already existing materials, especially with regard to accessibility. Consideration of new subject areas to be covered.

AEA Austria Financial support scheme for thermal refurbishment measures for low-income households

A support volume of 100 million Euro in 2021 and 2022 is intended to enable low-income households to cope with additional burdens arising from the implementation of renovation investments in the building sector eligible for funding under support programmes, thus reducing investment barriers in this segment of the population.

Identifying energy poor households is still a challenge, especially since there is still no official definition for them in Austria. Furthermore, there is currently no focus on tenants in the current version of the policy.

Currently the envisaged program is aiming at low-income households in general. ENPOR can provide assistance in targeting energy poor households specifically and supporting the uptake in the target region Vienna. ENPOR will develop strategies in the REACT group to also engage landlords directly and motivate them to use this offer or to pass it on to their tenants.

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Table 21: Stakeholder identification and analysis for the Austrian support schemes

Stakeholder Group Representative organisation(s)

Expected contributions Interests (Evaluation of relation to the project (opposed/supportive): -, --, 0, +, ++)

Power (Evaluation of relation to the project: o, +, ++, +++)

1. Landlords / Co-owners’ associations

• Austrian association of house and landowners (ÖHGB)

• Zentralverband

Haus und Eigentum Wien

Contribute their views and thereby ensure that measures can also be implemented. Since they are the owners, they are responsible for the implementation of many options, the tenants have no control here. Through their participation they can create a win-win situation.

• Ensure that possible future measures, do not cause negative effects/additional costs for them.

• Possibilities to obtain funding to improve the thermal condition of the property through supportive offers.

• Ensure that their own interests are also protected and not only those of the tenants.

0 As owners, they are the key players in implementing important measures to increase energy efficiency. Without their involvement, the biggest steps cannot be implemented de facto. They also play a major role as an important target group at the political level, which means that measures that may work against their interests have little chance of being implemented.

+++

2. Charitable and social work associations

• Caritas They can contribute their expertise in working with vulnerable households and thus also indirectly contribute the perspective of those affected. They also have contacts with relevant political representatives and authorities. Depending on the measure, they can also participate in or provide inputs to the measure (e.g., informing people about offers of help, etc.).

• Improving the situation of households that are affected by energy poverty.

• Participate in the elaboration of new mitigation measures and in a dialogue with important stakeholders from the policy level.

++ They are generally important partners to support people on the social level. They also have longstanding cooperation with political institutions. They cannot directly influence the decisions of political decision-makers and owners, but they can support them in informing and implementing measures.

+

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3. Energy consultants

DIE UMWELTBERATUNG

They will carry out the consultations for energy-poor households planned in the project in cooperation with us and will also develop their working materials further. They will be important participants in the REACT group, as we want to use them to bring in the view of the households themselves and their experiences in the work there.

• Improving the situation of households that are affected by energy poverty.


• Further development of own information materials

++ They themselves carry out consultations for energy poor households, i.e., they are central points of contact, to support these households. They also have longstanding cooperation with political institutions. They cannot directly influence the decisions of political decision-makers and owners, but they can support them in informing and implementing measures.

+

4. Policymakers • Federal Minister for Climate Action, Environment, Energy, Mobility, Innovation and Technology

• E-Control (energy regulator in Austria)

• Chamber of labour

• Energy Planning Department (MA20) of the City of Vienna

• Department of Technical Urban Renewal (MA25) of the City of Vienna

• Department of Social Affairs, Social and Health

They are representatives of various important bodies, all key players in the implementation and design of mitigation measures. On the one hand, they can play a key role in the development of appropriate measures and instruments, and on the other hand they can/have to play a key role in the implementation itself.

At the political level, there is a need to become more active in the field of energy poverty. The private rental sector is still completely left out, so the project offers a good opportunity to get input from the project and also to implement and develop measures. Learning from the experts and working together to learn from the experiences of other countries is also an important point.

++ Without political decisions and measures, nothing will progress in this field, so they are among the most important stakeholders here. Through them, contact can also be established with other stakeholders. At the same time, the active involvement of several political levels also increases the willingness of other relevant stakeholders to participate.

+++

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Law (MA40) of the City of Vienna

5. Citizens groups / NGOs

• Austrian Tenants' Protection Association

• Association for Consumer Information

• Austrian Pensioners' Association (and Vienna branch organisation)

• Austrian platform for single parents

They can contribute their experience and the views of the groups of people they represent. This is to ensure that the newly developed or future measures are really practical and that there is a high uptake of, for example, new support services. Representatives of specific subgroups will also be invited to this end.

They are certainly keen to address the issue of energy poverty more closely. The possibility to get in direct contact with political actors in a working group and to work out possibilities together to support affected persons is certainly an important driver and to be able to protect the interests of the groups they represent or to exchange views with representatives of other groups is certainly also a motivating factor.

+ For the project itself, their opinion is important and an important way to get input from representatives of key target groups. However, their influence on important stakeholders is rather low.

+

6. Utilities • Wien Energie • EVN • Verbund

Utilities already have experience with various instruments to support energy poor households. They can contribute these and their feedback to ensure the feasibility and impact of the new measures, or they can also bring in their own aspects which they believe should be taken into account in our work for and with these households.

Utilities are obliged to implement various measures to protect vulnerable customer groups. Some already operate offices for this purpose, where they offer advice and support in case of problems with the payment of energy bills. New policy instruments that are practical in supporting these households are therefore also in their interest.

++ Utilities play a very important role here, as on the one hand they themselves are able (and also obliged) to implement various measures to support vulnerable households. At the same time, they also have an important role to play at the political level. Their involvement and support can therefore be crucial.

+++

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Stakeholder mapping (Power-Interest-Grid) Table 22: Stakeholder categorisation / mapping for the Austrian support schemes



Policymakers, Utilities


Landlords


Social work associations, energy consultants, citizen groups / NGOs


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Figure 6: Power-Interest-Grid for the Austrian support schemes

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Stakeholder communication/initial engagement Table 23: Stakeholder specific barriers, incentives and communication approaches for the Austrian support schemes




• Too little awareness about and/or interest in energy poverty

• Fear that measures may be disadvantageous to themselves

ÖHGB is a member of UIPI and is therefore certainly motivated to participate. They will receive information about the possibilities they have to create additional value for themselves and their tenants and can contribute their point of view in order to develop solutions that add value for both sides - for many this is certainly an important message. It is important to show clearly that energy poverty exists and also which solutions are possible.

• You can make a difference here and do something to improve the situation of your tenants and help mitigate energy poverty.

• You can participate in the design of instruments so that they are practicable.

• It is about taking into account the views of all those affected and involved, so they should also be able to contribute their perspective.

• REACT group meetings • Information by email • Invitation to project

events • Assistance from UIPI • News about the project

via social media


We have already worked together many times and there is certainly interest. We do not see any barriers at present.

The possibility to participate in a working group and work out ways to reduce energy poverty was the most important message. Especially since there is currently more activity regarding energy poverty at the political level here in Austria. The interest in participating in stakeholder processes on this topic is therefore high from their side.

• They can participate in the development of measures for the private rental sector. An area that usually receives little attention.

• They can participate in a working group and work out ways to reduce energy poverty

• REACT group meetings • Invitation to project

events • bilateral talks with

former project partners • Information by email • Contact via multipliers

(e.g., project partners, ministry)

• News about the project via social media

• contact through subcontractor

3. Energy Agency / Energy consultants

We do not see any barriers here.

The possibility to contribute their experience and to cooperate with the political level

• Contribute your experience and cooperate with the political level in


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is certainly an important point. Further improve their own materials (subcontractor) and promote accessibility through input from us.

the REACT group meetings to develop practical solutions.

• Participate in the project to also bring in the perspective of affected households and contribute to the development or improvement of solutions that can really help them.

events • bilateral talks • regular contact with

subcontractor • contact through

subcontractor

4. Policymakers / Public institutions

In general, too little awareness of the problem or the impression that something is not really being achieved through participation could be a barrier. However, we think that in our cases there are no real barriers besides possible timing problems.

Focus on the private sector is important. Energy poverty is already an issue that has not yet been intensively addressed at the political level in Austria, especially in the private sector. So, this is an important unique selling point and shows that they can really add value by their involvement. From our point of view, it is also important to show that we really want to ensure an uptake by involving both sides from the private sector, both landlords and tenants.

• Their overall objective is to combat energy poverty and make further progress in this area. Through the project, they have the opportunity to receive input from experts and thus to receive assistance in the development of new policy instruments.

• Learning from the experts and working together to learn from the experiences of other countries is also an important point.

• They can participate in the development of measures for the private rental sector. An area that usually receives little attention.



contact persons • Information by email • contact through

subcontractor (also has co-operations with political level)


Possibly a lack of awareness of the issue. Perhaps they do not see a direct connection between the topic or the working group and their own agendas. We think, however, that most of them are certainly interested.

To bring in the interests of the groups of people they represent. If they have not yet addressed the issue of energy poverty in a targeted manner, a discussion in the form of a working group will certainly be of great interest to them.

• Get in direct contact with political actors in a working group and work out possibilities together to support energy poor households.

• Certain target groups are more affected by energy poverty than others (e.g., elderly and single parents), especially in the private rental sector. ENPOR wants to develop solutions for these people and you can participate.


events • News about the project

via social media

6. Utilities From our experience, the cooperation works well and there is also an interest in participating in projects. We

Utilities are obliged to implement various measures to protect vulnerable customer groups. Some already operate

• The issue of energy poverty is also relevant for them. Being able to actively participate here and also to develop and evaluate mitigation



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see no relevant barriers here. offices for this purpose, where they offer advice and support in case of problems with the payment of energy bills. New policy instruments that are practical in supporting these households are therefore also in their interest. Utilities already have experience with various instruments to support energy poor households. They can contribute these and their feedback to ensure the feasibility and impact of the new measures, or they can also bring in their own aspects which they believe should be taken into account in our work for and with these households.

concepts together with the political level is already an important message, which, in our experience, usually leads to a willingness to participate.

contact persons • Information by email • contact through

subcontractor (also has co-operations)

• Contact via multipliers (e.g., project partners, ministry)

• News about the project via social media

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Involvement of energy poor tenants Table 24: Planning the involvement of energy poor tenants in the co-creation process for the Austrian support schemes








Energy poor households in urban areas

Participation via online formats will be difficult. Personal contact is preferable in any case. In our case, this will be done via our subcontractor, which already provides consulting services for energy poor households (adapted to current framework conditions). They already enjoy the trust of many households and have a good reputation. This would also make it easier to overcome possible reservations.

Our subcontractor will as part of its consultations with households, make them aware of a possible involvement in the project. However, we do not want to "force" anyone to participate. It is also possible that only interviews will be conducted as part of these conversations in order to record the input of the households.

Our subcontractor (Umweltberatung) will serve as a intermediary in the project and will directly approach households during its consultancy activities and inform them about the project. In doing so, they will be informed about what our goals are and what opportunity they would have to get involved. It is planned to implement a kind of focus group with energy poor households. Whether this is really possible under the current conditions is still to be decided.

As part of the counselling sessions by an established counselling organization for energy poor households.

Conversations with energy poor individuals are documented by our intermediary. If further direct interactions such as workshops etc. with the persons themselves take place, these will also be documented in the form of a protocol. However, the concrete procedure has not yet been determined and would then have to be defined.

As part of the project, affected households will also provide feedback for the materials developed. The feedback from the households from the interviews on the one hand (what are their problems, wishes? What concrete support do they need?) and also from possible other activities such as workshops for them or a focus group are to be evaluated and also presented to the REACT group. Above all, it is also important to present this content to the Landlords in order

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to also address their perspective on the identified issues. Whether a joint event of energy poor tenants and landlords could be organized is still being considered, but is not certain.

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6.5.2 Germany (WI) Table 25: Short policy overview for the German support schemes

ENPOR Partner


WI Germany Provision of heating related energy advice and low-cost technical devices within the ElectricitySavingCheck (ESC)

Further development of the heating advice component to improve its overall impact and extend its application to other locations.

• Receive data for monitoring / evaluation purposes

• Reach out to / recruit tenants during the pandemic

• Differentiation of approach between low-income households and welfare recipients?

• Achieve sustained behavioural changes against the backdrop of no monetary gain prospects (welfare recipients).

• Possible loss of information during the consultation

• Increase effectiveness of current approach in terms of energy savings (only low-income households) / building substance protection (incentive for landlords) / health protection / sustained behavioural change / perceived comfort levels?

• Improve outreach in terms of scale and / or scope

• Improve data access as a basis for identifying advice potentials and impact monitoring

WI Germany Pre-paid metering

EnergieRevolte (PPM) Free switch from existing electricity provider to a digital prepaid meter that can be monitored by customers and charged just-in-time via a smartphone app or online interface.

• Availability of data • Time-delayed consumption

display • Perception is not oriented to end

devices / end use; • Technical implementation • Acceptance (Resistance) of

consulting contents; individual

• Evaluation of the app: effect on energy consumption, user structure and experience

• Development of ideas for integrating energy-saving tips into the app (presumably only electricity-related)

• Improvement of the consumption display and incentives to carefully use electricity.

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display of savings tips (connecting usage data with display database)

• Restricted budget (practice partner side), related effects on time schedule

• Recent roll-out of a new interface

Table 26: Stakeholder identification and analysis for the German support schemes


Expected contributions Interests (Evaluation of relation to the project (opposed/supportive): --, -, 0, +, ++)


1. Landlords / Co-Owner / Tenant Associations

• Haus & Grund (ESC)

• Represent interest / perspective of their members

• Support recruitment • Dissemination of

results among members

• (Support the implementation of technical measures)

• Protection of building substance

• Support tenants • Contribute to climate

protection in the building sector

+ • Dissemination of advice offer

++

• Tenant association Düsseldorf (ESC)

• Represent interest / perspective of their members

• Support recruitment • Dissemination of

results among members

•

• Improve situation of target group

• Learn about measures • Exchange with landlords

++ • Dissemination of advice offer

• Access to members

+

2. Charitable and social work organisations

• Caritas (ESC/PPM) • Insights to the SSC setup and practical challenges

• Experiences with previous experiments

• Information on the


• Further develop heating related advice

• Learn about effectiveness of different measures /

++ • Implementing organization

• Dissemination of prepaid-meter solutions

+++

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consumption behaviour of energy-poor households, effectiveness of consumption visualization, barriers to the implementation of electricity-saving measures.

approaches


• Energie Agentur NRW (ESC)

• Insights to the SSC setup and practical challenges


• The Energy Agency is implementing partner of the ElectricitySavingCheck

++ • Implementing partner ++

• Energy consultant (ESC/PPM)

• Insights to the SSC setup and practical challenges



• Further develop heating related advice

• Learn about effectiveness of different measures / approaches

++ • Implementing partner ++

4. Policy makers / public institutions

• Environmental Office Düsseldorf (ESC)

• Identify potential synergies / new ways of outreach


• Contribute to communal climate targets

++ • Finance of support measure

+++

• Social Welfare Office Düsseldorf (ESC)

• Provide insights on target group



•


+

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• Job Center Düsseldorf (ESC)

• Provide insights on target group



• Reduced spending on heating costs coverage

++ +

• Communal housing company SWD (ESC)

• Dissemination of results

• Support recruitment

• Image / Corporate social responsibility

+ +

5. Citizens groups / NGO

• Consumer Association (ESC/PPM)

• Provide insights on target group / effective ways of energy advice

• Information on the consumption behaviour of energy-poor households, effectiveness of consumption visualization, barriers to the implementation of electricity-saving measures.


• Exchange about digital, behavioural and innovative energy saving measures


• Dissemination of prepaid-meter solutions

++

6. Utilities • Utility of Düsseldorf (ESC)

• Target group identification / recruitment


• Learn about effective measures for consulting customers

+ • Access to data on target group energy use

• Dissemination of advice offer

++

• Working Group for the Economical Use of Energy and Water (ASEW) (ESC/PPM)

• Dissemination of results

• Represent perspective of utilities

• Multiplier (for pre-paid White-Label Solution)

• Learn about effective measures for consulting customers

• Contribute to communal climate targets

• Learn about digital, behavioural and innovative energy saving measures

+ • Dissemination of project results

o

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• EnergieRevolte (PPM/ESC)

• Technical implementation, data provision

• Improve service for customers • Learn about target group

++/+

• Implementing partner +++/o

• Utility of Düren (PPM)

• Technical support for app development


• Parent company of EnergieRevolte

++ • Withhold financial/technical support

+

7. Academia / Research organisations

• Wuppertal Institute

• Structure and organize the process

• Provide research-based insights on effective consultation approaches

• (Co-)Develop evaluation concept including indicators and data collection tools


• New scientific subject • Identify practical challenges of

theoretical approaches

++ • Scientific analysis, • No implementation role • Results provide

arguments for political and financial support

++

• Academic experts (ESC/PPM)

• Provide research-based insights on effective consultation approaches (with a focus on digital applications)

• (Co-)Develop evaluation concept including indicators and data collection tools


• New scientific subject • Identify practical challenges of

theoretical approaches

++ • Important knowledge on behavioural approaches

• Scientific analysis, research-based solutions

• Results provide arguments for political and financial support

++

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Table 27: Stakeholder categorisation / mapping for the German ESC support scheme



Municipality, Utility, Social / charitable organisations


Landlords, Co-owner Association


Energy agency/Energy consultants, NGOs, Academia, Energy-poor households, Tenants association


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Figure 7: Power-Interest-Grid for the German ESC support scheme

Utility

Municipality

NGOs


Energy agency, Energy consultants

Social, charitable organisations

Academia

Energy-poor households

Tenant Association

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Table 28: Stakeholder categorisation / mapping for the German PPM support scheme



Municipality, Utility, Energy-poor households



Social / charitable organisations, Energy agency/Energy consultants, NGOs, Academia

Low interest and low power (Monitor) Landlords, Co-owner Association

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Figure 8: Power-Interest-Grid for the German PPM support scheme

Utility

Municipality

NGOs


Energy agency, Energy consultants

Social, charitable organisations

Academia

Energy-poor households

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Stakeholder communication/initial engagement Table 29: Stakeholder specific barriers, incentives and communication approaches for the German support schemes



1. Landlords / Co-owners Associations

• Lack of time • Lack of interests • Competing projects

• Building substance protection • Improved Landlord-tenant

relationship

• Chance to contribute their point of view to develop good solutions for both sides,

• Project does not consider property owners as a problem but as part of the solution

• REACT group meetings • Information by email • Phone



• Improve the situation of affected households

• Increase awareness of the issue among relevant actors

• Secure financial support for the program

• Platform to increase awareness of their role and the project.

• REACT group meetings • Information by email • Phone • Bilateral meetings

3. Energy consultants • Lack of time • Improving own consulting capacities

• access to new information • increased awareness of the

issue • Networking

• Opportunity of increased involvement in energy poverty related developments,

• Platform to learn about and share best practice

• Learn about new tools and information to improve energy consulting

• Greater understanding of behavioural aspects of citizen`s use of energy

• Improved cooperation with involved organizations


4. Policy makers / Public institutions

• Lack of time • Competing projects

• Meeting environmental targets

• Overcoming energy poverty • Social responsibility • Learn about effective

measures

• Policy engagement • Awareness raising on the key issues • Chance to overcome urban energy

poverty • Knowledge exchange


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• Increased political legitimacy • Public dialogue • Access to information

• Defragmentation of initiatives/departments



• Access to information • Improve own consulting

capacities • Strengthen energy

democracy • Direct involvement in related

programme/product development

• Chance to speak for the groups they represent

• Increase awareness. • Enable citizens to save money • Knowledge exchange • Networking


6. Utilities • Lack of time • Lack of interest

• Fewer utility bill debtors • Obligation to protect

vulnerable customer groups and achieve energy efficiency

• Direct involvement in related programme/product development

• Opportunity to actively contribute to the issue and evaluate mitigation concepts together with other stakeholders

• Chance to promote corporate social responsibility strategies and build stronger customer relationships

• Chance to increase financial stability by reducing the number of customers in utility debt / debt management costs


7. Others • Lack of time • Lack of interest

• Better living conditions for target groups.

• Potential cooperation on fulfilling the (corporate) social responsibility goals


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Involvement of energy poor tenants Table 30: Planning the involvement of energy poor tenants in the co-creation process for the German support schemes








1. Welfare recipients and low-income households

Resources: results of preparatory analyses (WP2) and the initial policy proposal (WP3). Calculate the financial and human resources to purchase and deliver material or immaterial incentives for participation (bulbs/energy advice). Barriers: Lack of interest, lack of trust, lack of time, lack of resources, lack of ICT hardware or skills, cultural differences, lack of trust, low visibility?

Intermediaries: Energy advisors of energy poor households. Format: Discussion and common brainstorming in a video conference, appr. 5-10 participants involved. Timeline: Session to take place before the first REACT Group meeting, 2nd session in between the Group meetings. Messaging: Chance to shape programmes to better match the needs of energy poor households and improve health and comfort.

Recruitment: via the implementing partner Caritas, using the specific setup of the SSC and involve advisors representing both providers and potential recipients of heating advice.

Preparatory actions: familiarize participants with concept and target and make bilateral contact before the session and start building a trustworthy relationship. Collect preliminary ideas and questions for the session and anticipate potential issues. Provide a document outlining the concept, process and target of the co-design in a concise and easily understandable manner.

Introduce the project and process. Create a trusting environment, choose appropriate tools and methods: communicate the session as a safe space, observe individual needs and group dynamics to recalibrate process if necessary. Ice-breaker activity to learn personal things about group members.

Capture participants’ stated perspectives, summarize them to inform the redesign of the measure. Evaluate inputs with regard to practicality and administrative restrictions and requirements. Impact monitoring of the redesigned policy: Examine development of comfort levels, adoption of advised measures, heating cost bills

2. Customers of Resources: Engagement / Recruitment: Preparatory Tool: Capture

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the EnergieRevolte using the smart metering

results of preparatory analyses (WP2) and the initial policy proposal (WP3). Barriers: lack of interest

Format: Customer survey

Timeline: Survey to take place before the first REACT Group meeting Messaging: Chance to shape programmes to better match the needs of the customers

via the implementing partner EnergieRevolte, using their access to their customers

actions: Brief introduction of the survey explaining the purpose and concept. No building up of a trustworthy relationship.

Online survey, Facebook chat. Clarify purpose of each question. Communicate the exchange as a safe space, observe individual needs and group dynamics to recalibrate process if necessary. Technics: prepare possible questions with a Likert scale and also include open questions

participants’ stated perspectives, summarize them to inform the redesign of the measure. Evaluate inputs with regard to practicality and administrative restrictions and requirements. Impact monitoring of the redesigned policy via second survey

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6.5.3 Estonia (TREA)

Table 31: Short policy overview for the Estonian support scheme

ENPOR Partner


TREA EE National reconstruction grant (grant for renovation)

The grant is designed for associations and communities wishing to reconstruct their apartment buildings as completely as possible. It may cover a percentage of total project cost depending on the level of integration in the reconstruction of the relevant apartment building.

National renovation grant has been identified by the legislator as one of the policies for reducing the energy poverty. However, we see that the implementation of the grant does not address energy poverty directly nor does it take into the consideration some of the more specific problems of energy poverty of the households (including hidden energy poverty, poverty in rented households etc.).

"TREA will develop a better focus how to address energy poverty through renovations, improving living conditions of vulnerable households and a better housing stock in City of Tartu. The process of renovation will be improved with more information available for the tenants on PRS, aligning regional to national policies.

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Table 32: Stakeholder identification and analysis for the Estonian support scheme

Stakeholder Group

Representative organisation(s)

Expected contributions

Interests (Evaluation of relation to the project (opposed/supportive): -, --, 0, +, ++)



• The Estonian Union of Co-operative Housing Associations (EKÜL)

• Input about the needs of housing cooperations

• Improve/inform the living conditions of the inhabitants and improve the real estate value

+++ • Homeowners/landlords are in the legal position for improving the building

+

• Union of Co-operative Housing Associations of Tartu (TARKÜL)

• Input about the needs of housing associations

++ +

• Estonian Homeowners Association (Eesti Omanike Keskliit)

• Input about the needs of homeowners

++ +


• Food Bank (MTÜ Toidupank)

• Input about the scale and regions for economically disadvantaged households

• Support people in immediate need

+ • Informing and sharing the knowledge

+


• Tartu Regional Energy Agency (TREA)

• Coordination and technical expertise

• Technical expertise of refurbishments. Knowledge about energy performance and good indoor climate

+++ • Informing and sharing the knowledge

+

• Energy Agency of Tallinn

• Technical expertise of refurbishments

+ +

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• Energy Agency of Saaremaa


+ +


• Tartu City Government

• Input about the potential role of municipalities

• Increase the energy performance of buildings, improve the quality of housing, reduce energy poverty

++ • Informing and improving local regulations

+++

• Tartu Municipality

+ ++

• Luunja Municipality

+ ++

• Kambja Municipality

+ ++

• Nõo Municipality + ++

• Elva Municipality + ++

• Rakvere City Government

++ ++

• Ministry of Economic Affairs and Communication

• Redesign of the refurbishment policy

++ • Improving national policies ++

• Ministry of Finance

• Reduce energy poverty ++ +++

• SA KredEx • Provide the building refurbishment grant and inform the housing associations

++ +++


• Annelinna society (MTÜ Annelinna selts)

• Input about the needs of citizens

• Improve/inform the living conditions of the inhabitants and improve the overall appeal of the district

+ • Access to the building associations in the district

+

• Karlova society (MTÜ Karlova selts)

+ +

• Supilinna society (MTÜ Supilinna Selts)

+ +

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• Tartu Association of the Sustainable Renovation Information Center (MTÜ Säästva renoveerimise infokeskus Tartu ühendus)


• Promote the concept and provide the knowledge about sustainable renovation

+ +

6. Utilities • Kvatro • Selection of risk-sensitive neighbourhoods

• Commercial interests ++ • Access to the data of domestic customers

++

• FORTUM + +++

• Elektrilevi + +++

• Eesti Gaas + +++

• Tartu Veevärk + +++

• TELIA + +++

• Ropka Dwelling (Ropka elamu OÜ)

++ ++

• Tartu Housing management (Tartu Elamuhaldus)

++ ++

7. Other • Universities; TBC • Selection of risk-sensitive neighbourhoods

• Improve/inform the living conditions of the students

+ • Providing housing to some of the students, informing and sharing the knowledge

++(+)

• Student societies; TBC

+ • Informing and sharing the knowledge

+

• Real estate companies (3-4); TBC

• Commercial interests + • Access to the finance and data for improving the living conditions

++

• Real estate development

++ ++

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companies (3-4); TBC

• Construction companies

• Readiness for retrofitting

+ ++

• Commercial Banks

• Commercial loans for retrofitting

++ +++

Stakeholder mapping (Power-Interest-Grid) Table 33: Stakeholder categorisation / mapping for the Estonian support scheme



Policy makers: Ministry of Economic Affairs, Ministry of Finance, City of Tartu, City of Rakvere; SA KredEx; Commercial Banks: SEB Bank; Real Estate Developers; Housing Associations Umbrellas: EKÜL, TARKÜL


Tartu Municipality, Luunja Municipality, Kambja Municipality, Nõo Municipality, Elva Municipality; Service Providers: FORTUM, Elektrilevi, Eesti Gaas, TELIA, Tartu Veevärk; Univarsities: University of Tartu, University of Life Sciences; Real Estate Companies;


Student Societies; Energy Agencies: Tallinn, Saaremaa; Neighbourhood Organications: Anelinn, Karlova;

Low interest and low power (Monitor) Expert organisations: Säästva Renoveerimise Infokeskus; Social Service Providers: Food Bank; Maintenance Service Providers: Ropka Elamu, Tartu Elamuhaldus

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Figure 9: Power-Interest-Grid for the Estonian support scheme

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Stakeholder communication/initial engagement Table 34: Stakeholder specific barriers, incentives and communication approaches for the Estonian support scheme



1. Landlords • Lack of time • Competing projects

• Improved living conditions • Potential cooperation on developing more inclusive refurbishment policy

• REACT group meetings • Information by email



• Improved living conditions • Improving the living conditions • REACT group meetings • Information by email


• Lack of time • Reduced carbon footprint • Access to new knowledge

• Increased expertise and knowledge • REACT group meetings • Information by email



• Improved housing/living conditions

• Reduced carbon footprint • Improved legislation • Access to new knowledge

• Increased expertise and knowledge about energy poverty

• Potential cooperation on developing more inclusive refurbishment policy and fulfilling the municipal/national goals for refurbishment




• Improved housing • Reduced carbon footprint • Improved legislation • Access to new knowledge • Improved living conditions;

improved neighbourhoods

• Potential cooperation on developing municipal renovation grant


6. Utilities • Lack of time • Lack of interest

• Fewer utility bill debtors • Potential cooperation on fulfilling the corporate social responsibility goals


7. Others • Lack of time • Lack of interest

• Better living conditions for students.

• Higher real estate prices • Benefit from renovation

work. Work and profit for the company

• Potential cooperation on fulfilling the (corporate) social responsibility goals


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Involvement of energy poor tenants

Table 35: Planning the involvement of energy poor tenants in the co-creation process for the Estonian support scheme








1. Students renting private apartments

2. Tenants of potentially renovated buildings

tbd tbd tbd tbd tbd tbd

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6.5.4 Greece (CRES/UPRC) Table 36: Short policy overview for the Greek support schemes

ENPOR Partner


CRES Greece Energy Efficiency Obligation Scheme (EEOs)

It aims at improving the existing scheme, which foresees that Obligated Parties within the EEOs that deliver measures targeting energy poor households, have an increment in reaching their target.

Difficulty to identify energy poor households None focus on tenant Mainly conduction of awareness-raising measures

Detect energy poor households Incentives for the implementation of soft technical measures Monitor the triggered impacts

CRES/ UPRC Greece

Energy upgrade of buildings (grant for renovation)

Provision of financial assistance to energy poor households to improve the energy efficiency of their housing. It is an upgrade of the Energy Efficiency at Household Buildings Programme focused on energy poor households.

Participation of low-income households None focus on tenants

Exclusive focus on the alleviation of energy poverty through the integration of energy poverty definition Foresee specific incentives for tenants/landlords Monitor the triggered impacts

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Identification and analysis of stakeholders Table 37: Stakeholder identification and analysis for the Greek support schemes




1. Landlords / Co-owners’ associations / Tenants

• Hellenic Property Federation (POMIDA)

Increase the understanding on the “landlords/tenants” dilemma and improve relations with tenants, validate the policies and disseminate the policy recommendations

++ ++

• Panhellenic Association for the Protection of Tenants

++ ++


• Institute of Zero Energy Buildings (INZEB)

Exchange of knowledge and experience on how to identify and communicate with energy poor households and how to realise effective policy implementation (in different cities)

+ +

• City Network “Sustainable City” + +

• Energy and development agencies such as Aegean Energy & Environmental Agency, ANKO SA, ANKA SA, Energy Agency of Crete Region

+ +

• Greek Green Cities Network + +

• Hellenic Agency for Local Development and Local Government

+ +


• Ministry of Environment and Energy

Actual involvement into the design, implementation and monitoring of the selected policies and disseminate the policy recommendations

++ +++

• Association of Greek Regions + ++

• Central Association of Greek Municipalities + ++

• Regulatory Authority of Energy ++ +++

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• Operational Programme Competitiveness, Entrepreneurship and Innovation

++ ++


• EKPIZO - Certified Consumer Union Demonstrate the needs, types of required support,

provision of information on acceptability of the support scheme and disseminate the policy recommendations

++ ++

• WWF + + • Greenpeace + + • Social Cooperative “Wind

of Renewal” + 0

• General Consumers’ Federation of Greece

Increase their understanding on the “landlords/tenants” dilemma and improve relations with landlords and owner-occupiers, validate the policies and disseminate the policy recommendations

+ +

5. Utilities • Public Power Corporation

Actual involvement into the design, implementation and monitoring of the selected policy measures

+ ++ • Natural Gas Greek

Energy Company + ++

• Hellenic Petroleum Marketing Companies Association

+ ++

• Hellenic Association of Independent Power Producers

+ ++

6. Others • National Technical University of Athens

Exchange of knowledge and experience on how to identify and communicate with energy poor households and how to realise effective policy implementation

+ 0

• Institute for Environmental Research and Sustainable Development - National Observatory of Athens

+ 0

• Aristotle University of Thessaloniki + 0

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• National and Capodistrian University of Athens

+ 0

• University of Western Attica + 0

• Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung + 0

• Technical chamber of Greece

Actual involvement into the design, implementation and monitoring of the selected policies and disseminate the policy recommendations

+ +

• Association of Greek Valuers (A.VA.G.) Provide real estate market insights at national level + 0

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Stakeholder mapping (Power-Interest-Grid) Table 38: Stakeholder categorisation / mapping for the Greek support schemes



S1. Ministry of Environment and Energy S2. Regulatory Authority of Energy S3. Hellenic Property Federation (POMIDA) S4. Panhellenic Association for the Protection of Tenants S5. EKPIZO - Certified Consumer Union S6. Public Power Corporation S7. Natural Gas Greek Energy Company S8. Hellenic Petroleum Marketing Companies Association S9. Technical chamber of Greece S10. Operational Programme Competitiveness, Entrepreneurship and Innovation S11. Hellenic Association of Independent Power Producers


S12. Association of Greek Regions S13. Central Association of Greek Municipalities


S14. Institute of Zero Energy Buildings (INZEB) S15. WWF S16. Greenpeace S17. National Technical University of Athens S18. Institute for Environmental Research and Sustainable Development - National Observatory of Athens S19. Aristotle University of Thessaloniki S20. National and Capodistrian University of Athens S21. University of Western Attica S22. Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung S23. Social Cooperative “Wind of Renewal” S24. Energy and development agencies S25. City Network “Sustainable City” S26. Greek Green Cities Network S27. Hellenic Agency for Local Development and Local Government

Low interest and low power (Monitor) S28. General Consumers’ Federation of Greece S29. Association of Greek Valuers

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Figure 10: Power-Interest-Grid for the Greek support schemes

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Stakeholder communication/initial engagement Table 39: Stakeholder specific barriers, incentives and communication approaches for the Greek support schemes

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1. Landlords / Co-owners’ associations / Tenant associations

• Contradictory expectations between tenants and landlords

• Lack of time/resources capacity

• Lack of knowledge/information on how energy efficiency and improving living conditions of tenants correlate to the value of properties, and thus lack of interest to participate

• Bring the interests of the groups of people they represent within the co-creation procedure

• Being informed about best practices from other countries in order to confront energy poverty

• Exchange knowledge with their members (both landlords and tenants)

• Increase their understanding on the “landlords/tenants” dilemma and improve relations among tenants and landlords

• Energy poverty schemes in the Private Rented Sector can lead to renovation interventions that could improve the energy efficiency of a property. Higher energy efficiency levels correspond to a higher value of properties, and, therefore, to the possibility to grant higher credits

• Proposals to alleviate energy poverty in private rented sector

• Cooperate and co-design with decision-makers

• REACT group meetings • Engagement of the

Hellenic Property Federation (POMIDA) and the Panhellenic Association for the Protection of Tenants

• Bilateral contact by emails and telephone

• Invitation to project events

• Information about the project via social media and different dissemination material (leaflets, infographics etc.)


3. Energy Agency / Energy consultants/Other stakeholders

• Lack of available time and potential antagonism with ENPOR project

• Lack of time/interest for the Private Rented Sector

• Exchange knowledge • Co-organization of events

with other projects targeted to energy poverty

•

• Contribute to the identification of the energy poor households

• Increasing their involvement in the energy poverty-related developments in Greece


• Access to local energy data

• REACT group meetings • Bilateral contact by

emails and telephone • Invitation to project

events • Information about the

project via social media and different dissemination material (leaflets, infographics etc.)

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• Limited time and human resources

• Improve the existing knowledge about the design, implementation and monitoring of the required policies in order to alleviate energy poverty and address the problem of split incentives

• Design, implement and monitor efficient policy measures

• Increase their understanding on the “landlords/tenants” dilemma

• Exploit the provided technical assistance and be informed by the presented best practices


emails and telephone • Engagement of the

Central Association of Greek Municipalities and the Association of Greek Regions




• Lack of detailed technical knowledge and creation of pressure for the initiation of horizontal measures

• Lack of time/interest for the Private Rented Sector

• Possible conflict of interests

• Βring the interests of the groups of people they represent within the co-creation procedure

• Being informed about best practices from other countries

• Protect all the energy poor households

• Improving understanding on the actual impact that energy communities could have on combating energy poverty


• REACT group meetings • Engagement of

respective associations and unions

• Bilateral contact by emails and telephone



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6. Utilities • Lack of available time

• Being informed about best practices from other countries

• Improve the existing measures and initiate new ones in order to achieve their targets within the framework of energy efficiency obligation scheme

• Build stronger and more effective customer engagement relationships

• Facilitate achievement of Article 7’s target through targeted measures on energy poor households

• Improve public relations • Promote Corporate Social

Responsibility strategies • Building stronger customer

engagement relationships and acquiring new customers

• Competitive advantage, introducing differential pricing models (dynamic billing) to the market


emails and telephone • Invitation to project

events • Information about the

project via social media and different dissemination material (leaflets, infographics etc.)

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Involvement of energy poor tenants Table 40: Planning the involvement of energy poor tenants in the co-creation process for the Greek support schemes








Energy poor tenants The participation of the energy poor households will be achieved through the associations, which participate into the REACT Group (mainly Panhellenic Association for the Protection of Tenants, the Central Association of Greek Municipalities and EKPIZO - Certified Consumer Union). Therefore, all the produced material and the presented information by ENPOR project will be available, while the potential barriers will be addressed effectively with the aid of the associations.

The design of the engagement activities will be conducted in close cooperation with the associations, which participate into the REACT Group. The most effective type will be selected taking into account the current conditions.

Workshops or focus groups will be organised exploiting the existing structures of the associations, which participate into the REACT Group.

The preparation of the planned activities will be implemented in collaboration with the involved associations. The involvement of the selected associations will create trust, which is considered as essential for the active participation of the energy poor households. The energy poor households must feel the value of their engagement as depicted in the formulated proposals in order to stay engaged.

The procedure for the effective engagement of the energy poor households has not yet been defined. In any case, the design of the procedure will be conducted in close cooperation with the associations, which participate into the REACT Group, so as to take into consideration the characteristics of the energy poor households. In any case, the compliance with the GDPR regulation and the compiled ethics guide will be ensured.

The evaluation and communication of the concluded outcomes will be occurred through the iterative and interactive co-creation process between the tenant/landlord groups and the REACT group. It should be noted that both tenant/landlord associations participate into the REACT Group providing the opportunity to discuss the main outcomes on a common basis. The potential joint event of energy poor tenants and landlords can be considered as an alternative option.

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6.5.5 Croatia (DOOR)

Table 41: Short policy overview for the Croatian support schemes

ENPOR Partner


DOOR Croatia National Programme for Renovation of Buildings

National Programme for Renovation of Buildings for the period 2013-2020 aims to undertake renovation activities, ensuring that part of benefited households is those in energy poverty. The program is implemented through 4 programs but our focus is on these 2 main programs: 1. “Programme of energy

renovation of family houses 2014 – 2020” - in 2020 there was an amendment to the program - Public call for citizens at risk of energy poverty for to finance the energy renovation of family houses for vulnerable groups of citizens at risk of energy poverty - with 20% of the total funds (28.4 million HRK = 3.79 million EUR) that was set aside for such vulnerable group of citizens

2. “Programme of energy renovation of multi-apartment buildings for the period 2014 – 2020 “

The Programme is planned to continue according National Programme for Renovation of Buildings for the period 2021-2027. The program is implemented

• In Croatia there is no definition of an energy poor citizen or an energy poor household

• Non-existent cooperation between institutions - no data on vulnerable group of citizens and citizens at risk of energy poverty and participation of energy poor households in energy renovation - also there are no statistics on extended families living in a joint household

• Non-existent clearly elaborated criteria for a vulnerable group of citizens and citizens at risk of energy poverty

• Existing criteria exclude other categories of vulnerable group of citizens and citizens at risk of energy poverty

• Criteria and measures should be created according income and expenses of energy poor citizens/households and according to the energy consumption of the

• define the term of an energy poor citizen or an energy poor household

• connecting institutions in the distribution of data on vulnerable groups of citizens and the introduction of new statistical tools

• criteria for receiving support, i.e., defining the criteria for vulnerable group of citizens and energy-poor households for receiving support from the Programme both in family houses or multi-apartment buildings

• connect programme Reconstruction of buildings damaged by energy renovation earthquake with Energy renovation programme for multi-apartment buildings and Energy renovation programme for single family houses - especially in defining and establishing criteria for vulnerable group of citizens and citizens at risk of energy poverty

• ENPOR can provide assistance in targeting energy

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through several programs but our focus is on these 2 main programs:

1. Energy renovation programme for multi-apartment buildings

2. Energy renovation programme for single family houses – as part of this program there will be Program for energy renovation of family houses for vulnerable groups of citizens from 2021-2027

building/house • Administration for applying

for energy renovation is too complicated and centres/local offices/ energy agencies should be established or existing state/local officials should be trained to help apply for support for energy poor citizens/households - and the administrative paperwork and application itself should be simplified

• Programme of energy renovation of multi-apartment buildings for the period 2014 – 2020 à in extension of program through new “Energy renovation programme for multi-apartment buildings 2021-2027 - include criteria for the energy poor citizens - Program lacks of concrete measures to meet the needs of energy-poor citizens in the energy renovation of apartment buildings - energy poor citizens/households are only mentioned in the program Energy renovation programme for single family houses

• Target so-called free – based tenancy, which always includes two separate families/households in the

poor households and supporting the uptake in the target region pilot city Velika Gorica (specifically free – based tenancy) and also Velika Gorica is inculde in earthquake law - “Law on reconstruction of earthquake buildings on the territory of the city of Zagreb, Krapina-zagorje county, Zagreb county, Sisak-moslava county and Karlovac county”

• ENPOR will develop strategies in the REACT group to engage landlords directly and motivate them to use Programme

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same dwelling. This subgroup has not been targeted yet and rented apartments were mainly out of policy focus due to lack of information.

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Identification and analysis of stakeholders Table 42: Stakeholder identification and analysis for the Croatian support scheme

Stakeholder Group1 Representative organisation(s)

Expected contributions Interests2 (Evaluation of relation to the project (opposed/supportive): -, --, 0, +, ++)

Power3 (Evaluation of relation to the project: o, +, ++, +++)


• Association of Tenants and Apartment Owners (HUSISZ)

• Since they are the owners, they are responsible for the implementation energy efficiency measures, the tenants have no control here – so owners’ views are important

• As an organization to be up to date with events from their sector and contributing with their opinions and knowledge in improving their sector

• Opportunity to have a platform on which to express themselves as organization - to present their problem and participate in the elaboration of new mitigation measures and in a dialogue with important stakeholders from the policy level.

• Possibilities to obtain funding through supportive offers to improve energy efficiency of their real estate - better market price in rent/ attractive rent

• Conflict of interest, landlord and tenant, as result of different financial sides which they represent à ensure that their own interests are also protected and not only those of the tenants.

+ • As owners, they are the key players in implementing important measures to increase energy efficiency because without their involvement, measures cannot be implemented and measures that may work against their interests have little chance of being implemented

+++


• Caritas • Contribute with their expertise in working with vulnerable group of citizens and citizens

• While working with vulnerable households they can contribute in improving the situation of households

++ • Important partners to support people on the social level.

• They also have contacts with relevant political

+

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at risk of energy poverty

• They can participate in or provide information on energy efficiency measures and sharing information on potential financial support

that are affected by energy poverty (fieldwork and direct assistance - implementation of simple energy measures and introduction to existing financial schemes to help energy-poor citizens) - as one part of the problem they deal with


representatives and authorities. • They cannot directly influence

the decisions of political decision-makers and owners, but they can support them in providing information on energy efficiency measures, implementing measures and sharing information on potential financial support


• Energy Institute Hrvoje Požar (EIHP)

• They will be important participants in the REACT group for elaboration of new mitigation measures and in a dialogue with important stakeholders from the policy level

• While working with vulnerable households they can contribute in improving the situation of households that are affected by energy poverty - as one part of the problem they deal with

• Opportunity as organization - to present their problem and participate in the elaboration of new mitigation measures and in a dialogue with important stakeholders from the policy level.


++ • They themselves carry out energy poverty project

• They also have longstanding cooperation with political institutions.

• They cannot directly influence the decisions of political decision-makers and owners, but they can support them in providing information on energy efficiency measures and sharing information on potential financial support

+


• Ministry of Physical Planning, Construction and State Assets (MGIUP)

• They are representatives of various important bodies who are responsible for

• At the political level, there is a need to become more active in the field of energy poverty, especially to participate in solving a problem that the EU

++ • Without political decisions and measures, nothing will progress in this field, so they are among the most important stakeholders here.

+++

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• Ministry of Economy and Sustainable Development (MGOR)

• Ministry of Labour, Pension System, Family and Social Policy (MROSP)

• The Environmental Protection and Energy Efficiency Fund (FZOEU)

• Agency for legal transactions and real estate brokerage (APN)

• Central State Office for Reconstruction and Housing

• City Velika Gorica

creating policies and implementation and design of mitigation measures.


has also recognized and is therefore funding such a project

• the project offers a good opportunity to get input from the project and also to implement and develop measures for PRS

• Learning from the experts and working together to learn from the experiences of other countries is also an important point.

• At the same time, the active involvement of several political levels also increases the willingness of other relevant stakeholders to participate.


• Association of Cities of the Republic of Croatia

• LAG Zrinska gora - Turopolje

• OSS Buševec

• Represent a link with the local population




++ • They cannot directly influence the decisions of political decision-makers and owners, but they can support them in providing information on energy efficiency measures and sharing information on potential financial support

+

6. Utilities • HEP Opskrba • They can contribute these and their feedback to ensure the

• They are obliged to implement various measures to protect vulnerable

+ • They have an important role to play at the political level - they are able and also obliged to

+++

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feasibility and impact of the new measures, or they can also bring in their own aspects which they believe should be taken into account in our work for and with these households.

customer groups - some already have offices for this purpose, where they offer advice and support in case of problems with the payment of energy bills

• New policy instruments that are practical in supporting these households are therefore also in their interest.

implement various measures to support vulnerable households

Stakeholder mapping (Power-Interest-Grid)

Table 43: Stakeholder categorisation / mapping for the Croatian support scheme





Landlords




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Figure 11: Power-Interest-Grid for the Croatian support scheme

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Stakeholder communication/initial engagement Table 44: Stakeholder specific barriers, incentives and communication approaches for the Croatian support scheme




• Energy poverty is not their main problem nor it is in their focus

• In a financial context fear that measures may be disadvantageous to themselves

• They will receive information about the possibilities they have to create additional value for themselves (possibilities to obtain funding through supportive offers to improve energy efficiency of their real estate - better market price in rent / attractive rent) and their tenants (energy refurbished home that requires less expense in paying bills)

• It is important to show clearly that energy poverty exists and also which solutions are possible.

• Participate in the design of instruments so that they are practicable for you and your tenants and in that process take in account mitigation of energy poverty.



via social media


• We do not see any barriers at present because we work in the same field and have the same objectives which we strive to achieve (and that is to help the citizens)

• The interest in participating in stakeholder processes on this topic is should be high from their side.

• They can participate in a working group and work out ways to reduce energy poverty by informing themselves on energy poverty for fieldwork and direct assistance - implementation of simple energy measures and introduction to existing financial schemes to help energy-poor citizens



via social media


• We do not see any barriers at present because we work in the same field and have the same objectives which we strive to achieve (and


• Contribute your experience and cooperate with the political level in the REACT group meetings to develop practical solutions.



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that is to help the citizens and improve the existing legislative framework in terms of specific financial schemes for energy poverty citizens and participation in the development of efficient energy measures)

via social media


• In general, too little awareness of the problem energy poverty is not their main problem nor it is in their focus

• At the political level, there is a need to become more active in the field of energy poverty especially to participate in solving a problem that the EU has also recognized and is therefore funding such a project - Focus on the private sector is important.

• Through the project, they have the opportunity to receive input from experts and to learn from the experiences of other countries and thus to receive assistance in the development of new policy instruments and development of measures for the private rental sector and combat energy poverty and make further progress in this area. An area that usually receives little attention.



via social media


• We do not see any barriers at present because we work in the same field and have the same objectives which we strive to achieve (and that is to help the citizens and improve the existing legislative framework in terms of specific financial schemes for energy poverty citizens and participation in the development of efficient energy measures)


• Contribute your experience and cooperate with the political level in the REACT group meetings to develop practical solutions.



via social media

6. Utilities • In general, too little awareness of the problem - energy poverty is not their main problem nor it is in their focus

• It is important to show clearly that energy poverty exists and also which solutions are possible

• They will receive information

• To learn from the experiences of other countries and their utilities on mitigation of energy poverty



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about the possibilities they have to create additional value for themselves - they are able and also obliged to implement various measures to support vulnerable households - new policy instruments that are practical in supporting these households are therefore also in their interest.

via social media

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Involvement of energy poor tenants Table 45: Planning the involvement of energy poor tenants in the co-creation process for the Croatian support scheme








1. Energy poor households in suburban areas - so-called free – based tenancy, which always includes two separate families/households in the same dwelling.

• Participation via online formats will be difficult. Personal contact is preferable in any case.

• In our case, this will be done via city offices (administrative departments and services of the city) of the pilot city of Velika Gorica and by DOOR employees

• It is also possible that only interviews will be conducted as part of these conversations in order to record the input of the households.

• Households will be aware of a possible involvement in the project.

• Officials of the city of Velika Gorica and employees of DOOR will directly approach households during its consultancy activities and inform them about the project.

• In doing so, they will be informed about what ENPOR goals are and what opportunity they would have to get involved.

• establish a relationship with local communities

• workshops

• Concrete procedure has not yet been determined and would then have to be defined

• But interviews with energy poor individual will be documented by officials of the city of Velika Gorica and employees of DOOR

• And workshops and etc. will be also documented in the form of a protocol

• Maybe creating focus group with energy poor households or tenants and

• Affected households will provide feedback for the materials developed – interviews, workshops or a focus group are to be evaluated and also presented to the REACT group.

• present this content to the Landlords in order to address their views on the identified issues.

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landlords – it depends on current conditions (COVID-19 pandemics)

2. Energy poor households in rural areas - so-called free – based tenancy, which always includes two separate families/households in the same dwelling.

• Participation via online formats will be difficult. Personal contact is preferable in any case.

• In our case, this will be done via city offices (administrative departments and services of the city) of the pilot city of Velika Gorica and by DOOR employees

• It is also possible that only interviews will be conducted as part of these conversations in order to record the input of the households.

• Households will be aware of a possible involvement in the project

• Officials of the city of Velika Gorica and employees of DOOR will directly approach households during its consultancy activities and inform them about the project.

• In doing so, they will be informed about what ENPOR goals are and what opportunity they would have to get involved.

• Maybe creating focus group with energy poor households – it depends on current conditions (COVID-19

• establish a relationship with local communities

• workshops

• Concrete procedure has not yet been determined and would then have to be defined

• But interviews with energy poor individual will be documented by officials of the city of Velika Gorica and employees of DOOR

• And workshops and etc. will be also documented in the form of a protocol

• Maybe creating focus group with energy poor households or tenants and landlords – it depends on current conditions

• Affected households will provide feedback for the materials developed – interviews, workshops or a focus group are to be evaluated and also presented to the REACT group.

• present this content to the Landlords in order to address their views on the identified issues.

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pandemic) (COVID-19 pandemic)

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6.5.6 Italy (ENEA)

Table 46: Short policy overview for the Italian support scheme

ENPOR Partner


ENEA Italy National Energy Efficiency Training and Information Programme (training and information) in accordance with EED

Information campaigns aiming at changing behaviour for energy saving and improving energy efficiency at home as well as increasing the access to the existing tax deduction scheme for energy renovation (Ecobonus/Superbonus).

Identifying energy poor households is still a challenge, especially since there is still no official definition for them in Italy. Currently there is not a specific focus on tenants and energy poor households in this policy and in the tax deduction scheme.

ENPOR can provide assistance in targeting energy poor households. ENPOR will develop strategies in the REACT group to better target the energy poor households in the training and communication campaign. Moreover, through the interaction with the member of the REACT groups we will try to determine which improvements could be made to the tax deduction schemes in order to make them more accessible to energy poor households.

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Identification and analysis of stakeholders Table 47: Stakeholder identification and analysis for the Italian support scheme

Stakeholder Group


Expected contributions

Interests (Evaluation of relation to the project (opposed/supportive): -, --, 0, +, ++)


1. Landlords / Co-owners’ associations/

§ Condofacile - piattaforma di servizi per proprietari ed amministratori

§ FIAIP - Federazione Italiana Agenti Immobiliari Professionali

§ ANACI - Associazione Nazionale Amministratori Condominiali e Immobiliari

§ ANAIP - Associazione Nazionale Amministratori Immobiliari Professionisti

§ ANAMM - Associazione Nazional-europea AMMinistratori d'Immobili

§ ALAC - Associazione Liberi Amministratori di Condominiali

§ UNAI - Unione Nazionale Amministratori d’Immobili

§ SICET - Sindicato Inquilini Casa e Territoria, SICET

§ Confedilizia

Administrator have a clear understanding of the situation of the building and can help us to get in contact with the owner and tenants of the building and to find the most suitable way to transmit ENPOR messages. In Italy the administrator and owner association are the best starting point to carry out ENPOR action and have and discuss energy poverty issues thanks to the broad view they have on the market. Will involve also tenants’ association to have their view da they will be very interested trying to

• Opportunities to improve the value of their buildings accessing to incentives.

• Ensure that their own interests are also protected and not only those of the tenants.

0 As owners, they are the key players in implementing important measures to increase energy efficiency. Without their involvement, the biggest steps cannot be implemented de facto.

+++

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improve living conditions of tenants without an increase in their rent.

2. Tenants association

§ UNIAT - Unione Nazionale Inquilini Ambiente e Territorio

The point of view of tenants is of foremost relevance and their involvement is very important to arrive to understand which solution works better for them and their needs in terms of information and training.

• Opportunities to get more information on how to spend less by adopting more energy efficient behaviours and improve their in-house comfort

+++ They might not have much power in bargaining with owner. However, they have the possibilities to adopt and learn more energy efficient behaviours.

+


§ Caritas They have and extensive expertise in working with vulnerable households. They have a wide network and can help understanding better the issues poor households are currently facing in Italy.

• Improve the living conditions of energy poor households.

• Support measures that could have a positive impact on the living condition of poor household

++ They are important partners to support people on the social level. They usually have longstanding cooperation with political institutions. They could help to highlight and prevent some specific aspects/problems

0


§ Assoege - Associazione Esperti gestione Energia

§ Assoesco

The have a very good understanding of energy efficiency issues and their contribution to the discussion can be important to find


• Further development of own information

++ They can help to reach the local/municipal level; they could share best practices

+

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appropriate technical solutions.

materials


§ ANCI - Associazione Nazionale Comuni Italiani

§ AESS Modena - Agenzia per l’Energia e lo Sviluppo Sostenibile

§ Comune di Monterotondo § Città metropolitana di

Milano § SVIM - Sviluppo Marche

S.r.l. § Ministero dello Sviluppo

Economico

They are representatives of various important bodies at local level. Their knowledge of the territory and of the energy efficiency measures makes them important stakeholders to develop together the action to promote and implement during the project.

Energy poverty, especially in the rental sector is an issue often under looked. The project offers a good opportunity to get input on these issues, get feedbacks from both owners and tenants and better understand what could be done next.

++ The involvements of decision makers is key to implement more effectively the project activities and to be able to bring on the right tables the proposal that should come out from REACT groups to further improve the politics analysed.

+++


§ SPI CGIL § Federconsumatori

This association have a good understanding of the people who they represent and can bring useful insight into the REACT group discussion.

They are interested in addressing the issue of energy efficiency and energy poverty more closely. The possibility of participating in a group that practically discuss this issue might be very interesting to acquire additional knowledge to use inside their association.

+ Their opinion is valuable to have a broader prospective on the topics discussed. However, their influence on important stakeholders is rather low.

0

7. Utilities § Fondazione Mattei § Fondazione SNAM

Utilities already have experience with various instruments to support energy poor households. They contribution it’s important to highlight the technical barrier that energy poor

Utilities are obliged to implement various measures to protect vulnerable customer groups. Some already operate offices for this purpose, where they offer advice and support in case of problems with the payment of energy bills. New policy instruments that are practical in supporting these

++ Utilities play a very important role here, as on the one hand they themselves are able (and also obliged) to implement various measures to support vulnerable households. At the same time, they also have an important role to play at the political level. Their involvement and support can therefore be crucial.

+++

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households have to face and provide insight in finding appropriate solutions.

households are therefore also in their interest.

8. Other § Università degli studi di Milano

§ ASSOTERMICA § Alleanza per la povertà

energetica § ASSISTAL § Energia Positiva § CNA § Confartigianato

Each of these subjects has some experience in the field of energy poverty. Their participation to the REACT group would help to better asses the energy poverty sector characteristics and help to deepen the dialogue in the group.

They are interested in addressing the issue of energy poverty, while receiving some training and more technical aspects related to energy efficiency measure that could impact energy poverty.

+ Their contribution to the discussion is very valuable. They will provide insightful opinion based on their expertise and market niche.

+

Stakeholder mapping (Power-Interest-Grid)

Table 48: Stakeholder categorisation / mapping for the Italian support scheme





Landlords




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Figure 12: Power-Interest-Grid for the Italian support scheme

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Stakeholder communication/initial engagement Table 49: Stakeholder specific barriers, incentives and communication approaches for the Italian support scheme



1. Landlord association/ Property manager association

• Lack of expertise in energy poverty and not many human resources to dedicate.

• Capacity building and technical advice to increase energy efficiency of the apartment/building and access appropriate financing instruments.

• Through ENPOR we can help you to come up with solutions to renovate the building or improve apartment energy efficiency.

• Hel us validate the feasibility of financial schemes from the owners’ perspective.

• REACT group meetings • Project newsletter • Invitation to project


via social media


• It may be more difficult to establish a good interaction only through online events.

• Lack of expertise and human resources to dedicate.

• Find the ways to identify energy

• poor households and communicate with them

• to improve their living conditions.

• You will learn more about solutions to improve energy efficiency, how to use the current financial schemes to help improve the energy efficiency of poor households.

•



via social media

3. Energy consultants • Not specific barrier foreseen. However, it might be difficult to find who inside the utilities is more interested with energy poverty issues.

• To highlight the barriers to access to financial mechanisms for energy efficiency measures and find ways to reach a wider audience when communicate energy efficiency benefits and possibilities.

• The discussion inside the REACT group will help you to improve energy consulting.

• You can help us to realize effective policies / develop financial instruments that could induce more people to invest in energy efficiency measures.



via social media

4. Policymakers / Public Institutions / Municipalities

• Not many resources to dedicated, or that are willing to dedicate to this specific topic due to many other emergencies they are facing.

• We need a reference person which actively can be involved in the REACT

• Capacity building. • Feedback on policy design

proposed in the project, replicability.

• Capacity building and exchange of best practices

• Through the project, you can have the opportunity to receive input from experts and receive assistance in the development of new policy instruments.

• Moreover, you can learn also from the experiences of other countries,



via social media

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groups and not just and “institutional” contact

or you can share best practices implemented at local level.


• It might not be one of their priorities but we think that one understood better the work they will be interested.

• Find ways to promote policies / financial instruments that could benefit the consumers

• Help us find new opportunities to improve energy efficiency of households without increasing their costs



via social media 6. Utilities • Increase and tailor the

services they offer; to give feedback on schemes proposed through the project and their viability

• Help us to imagine together new ways to offer adequate service to poor households



via social media 7. Other • Give insights on proposed

policy measures, communication initiatives. Understand better which financial instruments could be useful for tenants to improve energy efficiency of their propriety with lower expenses possible

• Your expertise is important and please contribute with your perspective to enhance the discussion



via social media • Sharing documents,

articles and reports

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Involvement of energy poor tenants Table 50: Planning the involvement of energy poor tenants in the co-creation process for the Italian support scheme








Energy poor households in urban areas

Participation via online formats will be difficult.

We do not plan to involve directly tenants in the co-creation process but rather through representative association get their point of view and understand their needs. If however it becomes necessary to contact them we plan to do it through the buildings mangers.

We plan to involve tenants in the monitoring phase through the buildings managers

tbd tbd tbd

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6.5.7 The Netherlands (HU) Table 51: Short policy overview for the Dutch support scheme

ENPOR Partner


HU NL Energiebox The "Energy Box" project aims to assist households by providing energy advice through a house visit from a voluntary advisor, who provides a tailored report for the household, as well as small items

• To reach private (energy poor) tenants

• To improve the % of people applying for the box and implementing the energy saving measures offered to them and the advice they receive

• To improve the long-term impact of energy saving measure

• Include landlords and tenants in the policy design

• Improve the communication strategy

• Make the content of the box flexible and designed for the receiver

• Create ways to keep monitoring the impact and stimulate long term behavioural changes

• Enhancing impact by stimulating peer contacts, community building, ambassadorship

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Identification and analysis of stakeholders Table 52: Stakeholder identification and analysis for the Dutch support scheme

Stakeholder Group1




1. Landlords • Vastgoedbelang • Individual

landlords/ investors

• Participation in REACT groups, interviews, promote amongst tenants

• Split incentives. Policy provides them opportunity to cut down energy bills by influencing their tenants’ behaviour (instead of large investments).

+ • Crucial to be able to reach tenants, receive information on their motives, perspectives, experiences etc.

+++


• Not known yet • Participation in REACT groups

• Interested in helping their ‘clients’ to save money and improve their living standard

+ • Little power, but useful to be able to give insight into people’s behaviour and barriers; learn how to best reach tenants and how to get ‘behind their front door’.

+


• JMA • Energie-U

• Participation in REACT groups, share their experience

• Interested in improving the effectivity and impact of the Energy box and learn from the project. Alternative organisations to JMA could also have conflicting interests to distribute their ‘own’ energy box or similar policies.

++ • Powerful through their ownership of the energy box, contact with energy coaches and experience in the field.

++


• Municipality of Utrecht

• Province of Utrecht

• Possible other municipalities (Amersfoort, Soest, ..)

• Participation in REACT groups, financial contribution

• Interested in effective policies to reduce energy consumption in order to reach their reduction goals. Their own visions/roadmaps could potentially conflict with our time schedule, methods etc.

++ • Powerful through their network, contacts with landlords and others. (Possible) financial capacity to support the energy box and ability to turn measures into actual policy.

++


• Not known yet • Participation in REACT groups,

• Interested in supporting citizens (tenants) to save

+ • Slightly powerful in (sharing their knowledge on) activating

+

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dissemination money and improve their living standard and to be part of democratic process (give voice to their needs & wishes). Could also turn against the project if they feel that citizens are not part of it (and take people along).

and involving citizens (tenants)

6. Utilities • Not known yet • Participation in REACT groups, provide data

• In principle if people save energy, they make less money, meaning opposed interests. However, it is in their Interest that their clients are able to pay their energy bills. Also, they are part of energy transition, so interested in good tools to make the transition happen. Positive branding, showing that they are part of the solution.

+/- • Not very powerful, but could help the project by providing useful data.

+

7. Private tenants (individual or organizations)

• Not known yet • Participation in target groups, share personal experiences

• Interested in saving money & energy. But at the same time have also other interests, so that the required investment of time and energy for the project could conflict with others. Also, their dependence on their landlord might make it difficult for them to be fully open about their needs/wishes.

++ • Ideally their influence would be largest, as we would like to directly involve them and to fit the policy to their needs. At the same time their dependence on their landlord might negatively influence their power to change things.

+++

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Stakeholder mapping (Power-Interest-Grid) Table 53: Stakeholder categorisation / mapping for the Dutch support scheme



Private tenants, Energy Agency / Energy consultants


Landlords



Low interest and low power (Monitor) Utilities, Charitable and social work associations; Citizens groups / NGOs

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Figure 13: Power-Interest-Grid for the Dutch support scheme

Influ

ence

/Pow

er o

f Sta

keho

lder

Interest of Stakeholder

Landlords

U*li*es

Municipality / regional / na*onal

policymakers

Charitable and social work

organisationsCitizens groups / NGOs

Private tenants (individual or organizations)

Energy agency /

consultants

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Stakeholder communication/initial engagement Table 54: Stakeholder specific barriers, incentives and communication approaches for the Dutch support scheme



1. Landlords • Commercial interest (no time to invest in project)

• Tight housing market prevents that landlords need to invest in their houses to attract tenants

• If we are unable to offer the energy box to their tenants (because there are too little), then there is less interest for them to participate

• Energy box has too little • impact, they are more

interested in large investments

• Little awareness of • energy poverty among their

tenants

• Problems with tenants not being able to pay their rent

• Marketing (positive branding) • Improvement of their

buildings • Better understanding of the

needs of the tenants • Ability to improve the • impact of the support scheme

(thus making it more efficient)

• If they can contribute to policies that will prevent tenants from not being able to pay their bills

• If their organisation is named in the publications around ENPOR (positive branding)

• Investing in making buildings • themselves more energy efficient

only has effect if tenants also use less energy.

• Email • Phone • Linkedin


• Another policy that the organisations have to deal with

• Support to poor households that they are already in contact with to alleviate their poverty and receive knowledge on how energy saving could help them

• Share their knowledge on how to reach energy poor households and to gain their trust (get behind their front door)

• Interest to prevent multiple

• A physical tool (energy box) that they can offer to their clients to get in touch and help them save on energy costs.

• Email • Phone • Linkedin • Via-via (local networks)

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parties/people to be in contact with their clients, interest to work together.


• Commercial interest (no time to invest in project)

• Business • Selling energy services • Email • Phone • Linkedin


• Energy and poverty policies are often dealt with in different departments, there is no specific policy on energy poverty.

• There is little focus on the private rent sector

• Share knowledge/best practices; learn from other municipalities

• Work towards joint national policies, preventing local differences in policies

• Through the project, find • ways to reach landlords and

private tenants; • Tool to implement the • subsidies they receive from

the national government

• Poverty reduction • Energy saving / CO2 emission

reduction

• Email • Phone • Linkedin


• Lack of time (mainly volunteers)

• Representation of tenants/citizens; make sure they have their say in policies that affect them and that these policies reflect the needs of the tenants/citizens

• Sharing knowledge on best policies/interventions

• Contribute to societal interest in the energy transition

• Email • Phone • Linkedin • Via-via (local networks)

6. Utilities • Commercial interest (no time to invest in project)

• People’s ability to pay their energy bills

• Marketing (positive branding)

• Affordable energy bills • Email • Phone • Linkedin

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Involvement of energy poor tenants Table 55: Planning the involvement of energy poor tenants in the co-creation process for the Dutch support scheme








Private tenants tbd tbd tbd tbd tbd tbd

DELIVERABLE 4.1 Stakeholder Engagement Strategy | ENPOR

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