DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT

DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT

FOR

EXPANSION OF STEEL MANUFACTURING UNIT BY, ADDITION OF TWO INDUCTION FURNACE,

UPGRADATION OF EXISTING ROLLING MILL CAPACITY AFTER EXPANSION

Steel Ingot/Billets-28,000 TPA- 2,90,500 TPA & Rolled/Flats Products- 1,40,000 TPA-2,90,500 TPA

Project Area- 23.22 acre or 93,970m2

[TOR letter no: SEIAA/MS/2021/4007 on dated 4th May, 2021] Study Period: February, March & April 2021

Monitoring done by M/s CPTL, Mohali (NABL accredited), MoEF&CC recognized, NABL Certificate TC- 6728, Validity: valid upto 08.11.2021

[Project or Activity of Schedule 3(a) Metallurgical industries (ferrous & non ferrous), Cat-B-1]

M/S AARTI STEELS LIMITED (MACHHIWARA PLANT)

VILLAGE- HARIAN, P.O. UPPAL, MACHHIWARA ROAD

TEHSIL- KOOM KALAN, DISTRICT- LUDHIANA, PUNJAB.

Prepared by Chandigarh Pollution Testing Laboratory- EIA Division

(QCI/ NABET Certificate No: NABET/EIA/1922/RA 0146) Address: E- 126, Phase- VII, Industrial Area, Mohali, Punjab- 160055.

Contacts: 0172-4669295, 5090312 E-mail: [email protected] / [email protected]

Website: www.cptl.co.in

MAY, 2021

CPTLE-DEIA-ASL-105/3

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.cptl.co.in

Chandigarh Pollution Testing Laboratory- EIA Division (QCI/ NABET Certificate No: NABET/EIA/1922/RA 0146)

Draft EIA Report for M/s Aarti Steels Limited (Machhiwara Plant)

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Section Particulars Page No. Project at a Glance xi TOR Letter xiii TOR Compliance xxvi Executive Summary 1-4 Draft Environment Impact Assessment Report 6

CHAPTER 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Purpose of The Report 6 1.2 Identification of the Project & Project Proponent 6

1.2.1 Identification of the project 6 1.2.2 Project Proponent 7 1.3 Brief Description 8

1.3.1 Nature of the Project 8 1.3.2 Size of the Project 8 1.3.3 Location of the Project 8 1.3.4 Importance of the Project to the Country, Region 12 1.4 Scope of the study 13

1.4.1 Methodology 13 CHAPTER 2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 Type of the Project 15 2.2 Need for the Project 15 2.3 Location of the Project 16 2.4 Size or Magnitude of Operation 24

2.4.1 Proposed Product Details 24 2.4.2 Raw Materials 24 2.4.3 Land Description 24 2.4.4 Water Requirement 24 2.4.5 Power Requirement 27 2.4.6 Manpower Requirement 27 2.4.7 Major Equipments & Machineries 28 2.5 Proposed Schedule or Approval & Implementation 29 2.6 Technology & Process Description 29 2.7 Description of Mitigation Measures 33

CHAPTER 3.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 3.1.1 Study Area 36 3.1.2 Study Period 37 3.1.3 Components of Study 37 3.1.4 Methodology 38 3.2 Environmental Baseline Data 39 3.3 Meteorology 41

3.3.1 Climate 41 3.3.2 Temperature 41 3.3.3 Rainfall 42 3.3.4 Micro Meteorology at Site 42 3.4 Ambient Air Quality 45

3.4.1 Methodology 45 3.4.2 Sampling Stations 45



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3.4.3 Monitoring Schedule 47 3.4.4 Methods of Sampling Analysis 47 3.4.5 Interpretation 50 3.5 Water Environment 55

3.5.1 Surface water sources in the study area 55 3.5.2 Ground Water 61 3.5.3 Rain Water Harvesting 65 3.6 Noise Environment 67 3.7 Soil Quality 72

3.7.1 Conclusion 76 3.7.2 Geomorphology and Soil types 77 3.8 Land Environment 81

3.8.1 Industries within study area (10km radius) 83 3.9 Biological Environment 86 3.10 Socioeconomic Environment 92 3.11 Traffic Study 97 3.12 Slag Analysis 98 CHAPTER 4.0 ANTICIPATED ENVIROMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION

MEASURES 4.1 General 99 4.2 Construction Phase Impacts 100

4.2.1 Air Environment 100 4.2.2 Water Environment 101 4.2.3 Noise Environment 102 4.2.4 Land Environment 104 4.2.5 Demography & Socio Economic Pattern 104 4.2.6 Ecological Environment 104 4.3 Operational Phase- Long Term 105 4.4 Occupational Safety & Health 115

4.4.1 General Safety Measures 115 4.4.2 General Health Measures 116 4.4.3 Occupational Health Monitoring: 116 4.4.4 Occupational Audit, Frequency, Review and Corrective action 117 4.4.5 Corrective Measures 117

CHAPTER 5.0 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 5.1 Analysis of Alternatives for location of proposed expansion 119 5.2 Analysis of Alternative For Technology Selection 119 5.3 Conclusion and Recommendation 120

CHAPTER - 6.0 ENVIROMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM 6.0 Prelude 121 6.1 Environment Monitoring Program 121 6.2 Objective of Monitoring Plan 121 6.3 Schedules for Environment Monitoring 122 6.4 Environmental Monitoring during Construction Phase 123 6.5 Environmental Monitoring during Operation Phase 123

6.5.1 Plantation 123 6.5.2 Budget allocation for Monitoring 123



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CHAPTER-7.0 ADDITIONAL STUDIES 7.0 Preamble 125 7.1 Public Consultation 125 7.2 Possible Risks 125 7.3 Social Impact Assessment 145 7.4 Rehabilitation & Resettlement Plan 146

CHAPTER 8.0 PROJECT BENEFITS 8.1 Introduction 147 8.2 Employment Potential 147

8.2.1 Direct Employment 147 8.2.2 Indirect Employment 147 8.3 Improvement In Infrastructure 148 8.4 Education 148 8.5 Other Tangible Benefits 148 8.6 Corporate Environment Policy 149 8.7 Details of Infrastructure Facility 149 8.8 Enterprise Social Commitment 149 8.9 Litigation And Pending Cases 149

CHAPTER-9.0 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS 9.1 Estimated Project Cost 150 9.2 Schedule of Project Implementation 150

9.2.1 Implementation Strategy 150 CHAPTER-10.0 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN

10.0 Introduction 151 10.1 Summary of Potential Impacts with Mitigation Measures during

Construction Phase 151

10.1.1 Land Environment 151 10.1.2 Air Environment 151 10.1.3 Water Environment 151 10.1.4 Noise Environment 152 10.1.5 Solid Waste Management 152 10.1.6 Sanitation, Welfare and Safety Measures of Construction Workers 152 10.2 Summary of Potential Impacts with Mitigation Measures during

Operational Phase 152

10.2.1 Air Environment 152 10.2.2 Water Environment 153 10.2.3 Noise Environment 153

10.2.3.1 Green Belt Development Plan 153 10.2.4 Solid hazardous Waste Management 154 10.2.5 Occupational Health & Safety 157 10.3 Structure and Administrative Responsibilities of Environment

Management Cell (EMC) 159

CHAPTER-11.0 SUMMARY & CONCLUSION 11.1 Project Name and location 162 11.2 Products and capacities 162 11.3 Land Area 162 11.4 Raw Material Requirement 162



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11.5 Water Requirement 163 11.6 Power Requirement 163 11.7 Manpower Requirement 163 11.8 Flow Chart of Manufacturing Process 164 11.9 Description of mitigation measures 166

11.10 Cost Details 166 11.11 Site Details 166 11.12 Environmental Baseline Study 166 11.13 Possible hazards and Risks from Secondary Metallurgical

Industries 168

11.14 Emergency Plan 169 11.15 CER Activities 169 11.16 Environment Monitoring Plan 169 11.17 Environment Monitoring Cell (EMC) 169

CHAPTER-12.0 DISCLOSURE OF THE CONSULTANT ENGAGED 12.1 Organizational Profile 170 12.2 Scope of Services 170

LIST OF TABLES

Table No.

Particulars Page No.

CHAPTER 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Project Details 9

CHAPTER 2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 Salient Features of the Project 22

CHAPTER 3.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 3.0 Ecosensitive Area around 10km radius of Study area 36 3.1 Primary Data 40 3.2 Annual Weather Averages of Ludhiana District 42 3.3 Ambient Air Monitoring Stations 46 3.4 Ambient Air Quality Abstract 49 3.5 Surface Water Sampling Stations 57 3.6 Results of Surface Water Sample (Bhakhra Canal) 58 3.7 CPCB water Quality Criteria for Surface water as per use 59 3.8 Details of Ground Water Monitoring Stations 62 3.9 Results of Ground Water Samples 64

3.10 Details of Noise Monitoring Stations 68 3.11 Noise Level Results Leq dB (A) in and Around Project Area 70 3.12 Noise Standards (Source-CPCB) 70 3.13 Detail list of Soil Quality Monitoring Stations 72 3.14 Result of Soil Samples (% W/W except pH) 75 3.15 Land Use/Land Cover Area Statistics 82 3.16 List of Industries within study area (10km radius) 83 3.17 Aspect to be covered in the study Area 86 3.18 Summary of Data Collected from various sources 87 3.19 Results of floral study 88



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3.20 Results of Faunal Study 90 3.21 Slag Analysis 98 CHAPTER 4.0 ANTICIPATED ENVIONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION

MEASURES 4.1 Input data for Air Quality Modeling 110 4.2 Predicted 24 hourly short terms Maximum Incremental

Concentrations 110

CHAPTER - 6.0 ENVIROMENT MONITORING PROGRAM 6.1 Environmental Monitoring Program for Construction Phase 123 6.2 Environmental Monitoring Program For Operation Phase 124

CHAPTER-7.0 ADDITIONAL STUDIES 7.0 Hazard Identification & proposed safety system 127 7.1 Possible Risk 133 7.2 Specific Hazard & their Control 133 7.3 List of Key Person 142 7.4 List of Key persons of offsite EP 145

CHAPTER-10.0 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN 10.1 Safety and Occupational Hazards 157 10.2 EMP Budget 160

LIST OF FIGURES

Fig no. Particulars Page No. CHAPTER 1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Location Map (From India Map to Local Map) 10 1.2 Map showing Study Area and Project Site 11

CHAPTER 2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 Location of the Project in Google Image 17 2.2 500m radius Google Earth Map 18 2.3 Pillar Co-ordinate 19 2.4 Layout Plan 20 2.5 Location on Master Plan of Samrala 21

2.6(a) Water Balance Diagram (a) summer 25 2.6(b) Water Balance Diagram (b) winter 26 2.6(C) Water Balance Diagram (c)rainy 26

2.7 Flow Chart of Manufacturing Process 30 2.8 Material Balance 31

CHAPTER 3.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 3.1 Monthly average temperature and rainfall 42 3.2 Wind Rose diagram for study period 43 3.3 Monitoring Locations of Ambient Air 48 3.4 Graphical representation of PM10 in Study Area 50 3.5 Graphical representation of PM2.5 in Study Area 51 3.6 Graphical representation of SO2 concentration at selected sites 52 3.7 Graphical representation of NOx in Study Area 53 3.8 Graphical representation of CO in Study Area 54



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3.9 Locations of Surface water 56

3.10 Location of ground water 63

3.11 Locations of Noise Monitoring Stations 69 3.12 Location of Soil Monitoring Stations 74 3.13 Drainage map of the study area 78

3.14 Depth to Water Level – Pre-Monsoon 79

3.15 Depth to Water Level – Post-Monsoon 80

3.16 Flowchart showing the methodology adopted for land use / land cover mapping

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3.17 Land Use / Land Cover Map of Study Area (10 Km Buffer) 84 3.18 10km radius False Color Composite Satellite Map 85 CHAPTER 4.0 ANTICIPATED ENVIROMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION

MEASURES 4.1 Isopleths showing 24 hourly predicted GLC’s of PM10 111

LIST OF ANNEXURES

S. No. Particulars Page No. I Jamabandi Record 171 II CTE 182 III CLU 189 IV PLPA Undertaking 192 V Authorization letter 193 VI Project cost breakup 194



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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS CPTL : Chandigarh Pollution Testing Laboratory EIA : Environmental Impact Assessment QCI : Quality Council of India NABET : National Accreditation Board for Education and Training SA : Surveillance Assessment NABL : National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration

Laboratories MoEF&CC : Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change ISO : International Organization for Standardization OHSAS : Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series IS : Indian Standards SOP : Standard Operating Procedure PIN : Postal Index Number CPCB : Central Pollution Control Board SPCB : State Pollution Control Board SEIAA : State Environment Impact Assessment Authority SEAC : State Expert Appraisal Committee EAC : Expert Appraisal Committee GOI : Government of India R.O. : Regional Office OM : Office Memorandum EC : Environment Clearance TOR : Terms of Reference DEIA : Draft Environment Impact Assessment WP : Water Pollution AP : Air Pollution AQ : Air Quality SHW : Solid and Hazardous Waste Management SE : Socio- Economics EB : Ecology and Biodiversity LU : Land Use HG : Hydrogeology

GEO : Geology NV : Noise and Vibration RH : Risk Assessment & Hazard Management CGWA : Central Ground Water Board PSPCL : Punjab State Power Corporation Limited CTO : Consent to Operate CTE : Consent To Establish NOC : No Objection Certificate CLU : Change of Land Use DTP : District Town Planner MOA : Memorandum of Association MT : Metric Tons TMT : Thermo Mechanical Treatment MS : Mild Steel



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MTA : Metric Ton per Annum TPA : Tonnes per Annum TPH : Tonnes per Heat IF : Induction Furnace VD : Vaccum Degasser LFR : Ladle Furnace Refining EAF : Electric Arc Furnace MBF : Mini-Blast Furnace EOT : Electric Overhead Traveling Crane kVA : Kilo-Volt-Ampere KLD : Kilolitres per Day STP : Sewage Treatment Plant ETP : Effluent Treatment Plant TSDF : Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facility KL : Kilo Litre TPD : Tons per Day DG : Diesel Generator km : Kilo Meter KW : Kilo Watt CER : Corporate Environment Responsibility NH : National Highway SH : State Highway BIS : Bureau of Indian Standards NHB : National Housing Bank m2 : Meter square ZLD : Zero Liquid Discharge APCD : Air Pollution Control Devices APCS : Air Pollution Control System QC/QA : Quality Control/Quality Assurance KG : Kilo Gram dB (A) : Weighted decibels MSW : Municipal Solid Waste M BGL : Metres Below Ground Level PM10 : Particulate matter of size less than 10 micron PM2.5 : Particulate matter of size less than 2 micron SO2 : Sulphur Dioxide NO2 : Nitrogen Dioxide CO : Carbon Monoxide AAQM : Ambient Air Quality Monitoring AAQ : Ambient Air Quality ERDAS : Earth Resources Data Analysis System ARC/GIS : Always Right Click/ Geographic Information System LULC : Land Use/Land Cover SQ : Soil Quality ICAR : Indian Council of Agricultural Research gm/ cm3 : Gram per centi meter cube mg/m3 : Milligram per metric cube



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µg/m3 : Micrograms mg/kg : Milligram per kilogram Mg/l : Milligram per Litre Kg/hac : Kilogram per hectare ND : Not Detectable Fe : Iron Zn : Zinc Pb : Lead Mn : Manganese Cr : Chromium Cd : Cadmium Cu : Copper N, P, K : Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Ca, Mg, S : Calcium, Magnesium and Sulphur USDA : U.S. Department of Agriculture MPN : Most Probable Number GW : Ground Water E – Coli : Escherichia coli μg/m3 : Microgram per meter cube TDS : Total Dissolved Solids BOD : Biochemical Oxygen Demand COD : Chemical Oxygen Demand pH : Potential of Hydrogen IS: 10500:2012 : Indian Standard Drinking Water - Specification w.r.t : With respect/reference to R&R : Resettlement & Rehabilitation MOU : Memorandum of Understanding PEL : Permissible Exposure Limit MIN : Minimum MAX : Maximum Avg. : Average 0C : Degree Celsius km/hr : Kilometer per hour sq. km : Square kilometer mm : Millimeter PHCs : Primary Health Center ANM : Auxiliary Nurse Midwife AERMOD : American Meteorological Society/Environmental Protection Age

ncy Regulatory Model GLC : Ground Level Concentration PCU : Passenger Car Unit LOS : Level of Services ENVIS : Environmental Information System EMC : Environment Management Cell RDS : Respirable Dust Sampler FPS : Fine Particulate Matter Sampler ADC : Additional Deputy Commissioner



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HIRA : Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment RWH : Rain Water Harvesting SMS : Soil Monitoring Station SW : Surface Water NMS : Noise Monitoring Station RET : Rare-Endangered-Threatened BSI : Botanical Survey of India ZSI : Zoological Survey of India ANM : Auxiliary Nurse Midwife IRC : Indian Roads Congress C.T : Cooling Tower C.W : Cooling Water PPE : Personal Protective Equipment EMP : Environmental Management Plan EMC : Environment Management Cell QRA : Quantitative Risk Assessment DMP : Disaster Management Plan MCA : Maximum Credible Accident HAZOP : Hazard and Operability Study FE & TI : Fire-Explosion and Toxicity Index R.M. : Raw Material RA : Risk Analysis SMC : Site Main Controller ECC : Emergency Control Center ECO : Emergency Co-ordination Officer EPO : Emergency Planning Officer RCC : Reinforced Cement Concrete AQI : Air Quality Index



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PROJECT AT A GLANCE

Name of Project M/s Aarti Steels Limited (Machhiwara Plant)

Type of Project Steel Manufacturing Unit

Location Village Harian, P.O. Uppal, Machhiwara road, District- Ludhiana, Punjab.

Product Steel Ingots & Billets, Rolled/Flats Products

Capacity (TPA)

Product & Bye Product Existing Additional Total

Steel Billets/ Ingots 28,000 2,62,500 2,90,500

Rolled / Flats Products 1,40,000 1,50,500 2,90,500

Raw Material Existing Additional Total

MS Scrap, CI, Sponge Iron, Ferro Alloys

30,800 2,88,750 3,19,550

Cost of the Project Existing - ₹73.25 Cr. Proposed - ₹ 130.79 Cr. Total - ₹ 204.04 Cr.

Total Land Existing Additional Total

23.22 Acres or

93,970m2

NIL 23.22 Acres or

93,970m2

Power Requirement (MW)

Existing Additional Total

12 39 51

Source of power P.S.P.C.L Punjab

Source of Water Supply Own Tube- well

Consumption of Water (KLD)

EXISTING (KLD)

PROPOSED (KLD) TOTAL (KLD)

Domestic 15 18 33

Cooling 90 527 617

Total 105 545 650

Effluent Quantity Domestic = 26.4 KLD Cooling = Recirculation

Effluent treatment Domestic- through STP of 30 KLD and used for plantation

Air Pollution Control Device

Stack of adequate height equipped with Bag filter (Pulse jet with offline Technology)



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Solid Waste Slag from furnace, 46.74 TPD Slag after recovery of iron will be sold to manufacturers of cement concrete blocks, tiles, and pavers under proper agreement

Hazardous Waste Hazardous waste generated (0.03kl/annum) from DG sets in the

form of used oil will be sold to authorized recyclers. About

4.26 ton/day APCD dust will be also covered under hazardous

waste and sent to M/S Madhav Alloys (P) Limited or TSDF

site Nimbuan Dera Bassi for final disposal.



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TOR Letter



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TOR COMPLIANCE

S.NO. TORS POINT TOR COMPLIANCE REFERENCE IN EIA

REPORT

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY M/s Aarti Steels Limited. is an existing Steel Manufacturing Unit located at Village- Harian, P.O. Uppal,

Machhiwara road, Tehsil- Koom Kalan, , District- Ludhiana, and Punjab.

The Industry has already got CTE for installation of one no. Induction Furnace of Capacity 8 TPH, Concast

and a Rolling mill of capacity 1, 40,000 TPA. The existing production of Billets/Ingot is 28000TPA and

Rolled/Flats products is 1,40,000 TPA. The project is for expansion of Billet/Ingots Manufacturing by

addition of Two no. Induction Furnaces of capacities 25 TPH each, LRF, VD, Concast and upgradation of

existing Rolling Mill. Total capacity of the project after expansion will be 2, 90,500TPA steel billets/Ingots/

rolled/flats products. The plot area of the project is 23.22 Acres or 93970m2.The project cost after

expansion including existing cost will be Rs 204.04 Crores.

The project falls within activity 3(a) Metallurgical Industries (ferrous & non-ferrous) & Non Toxic

Secondary Metallurgical processing industry with capacity > 30,000 TPA, so the project is to be treated as

Category ‘B1’, as per MOEF&CC OM dated 24th December,2013, and its Environment Clearance is to be

accorded by the SEIAA, MoEF & CC, Punjab.

Details are provided in

Chapter-1 of DEIA.

2. INTRODUCTION

(i) Details of the EIA Consultant including NABET Accreditation Chandigarh Pollution testing Lab - EIA Division,

Address- E-126, Phase-VII, Mohali (Punjab), Pin- 160055

(QCI/ NABET Certificate No: NABET/EIA/1922/RA 0146)

(ii) Information about the project proponent. M/s Aarti Steels Limited is a private firm managed by the following promoters

1. Mr. Shiv Parshad Mittal

2. Mr. Mahesh Mittal

3. Mr. Rajeev Mittal

4. Mr. Vinayak Mittal

5. Mr. Sushen Mittal

All the directors are well versed with the process and can handle the project successfully

.

(iii) Importance and benefits of the project. Iron and steel have a vital role to play especially in a developing country like India. It is one of the most

important basic requirements in almost all development activities e.g. building construction, bridges,



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railways, machine tools, transport vehicles. As per the latest world Steel Association Report, India is the

largest steel producer in the world. The proposed expansion will result in the following benefits:

Employment to the local population

Infrastructure development of surroundings area.

Economic and social upliftment of suppressed class.

Environmental activities in the surrounding villages.

Revenue to State & Central exchequers.

Narrowing down the demand supply gap.

3. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

(i) Cost of project and time of completion. Cost of the Project

Existing – ₹ 73.25Cr.

Proposed- ₹ 130.79 Cr.

Total- ₹204.04 Cr.

S. No. Description Existing Cost

(Rs. in Crores)

Proposed Cost (Rs. in Crores)

Total Cost (Rs. in Crores)

1. Land 5.64 6.21 11.85

2. Building 28.64 62.75 91.39

3. APCD 0.50 3.0 6.5

4. Machinery 38.47 58.83 97.30

Total 73.25 130.79 204.04

Time of Completion- The proposed expansion will be completed within one year after granting of

Environment Clearance.

(ii) Products with capacities for the proposed project. Details of Proposed products are as follows: -

Description Proposed (TPA) After Expansion (TPA)

Steel Billets/Ingots 2,62,500 2,90,500 Rolled / Flats Products 1,50,500 2,90,500


Chapter-2 of DEIA.

(iii) If expansion project, details of existing products with capacities

and whether adequate land is available for expansion, reference of

earlier EC if any.

Details of Existing Products are as follows

Description Existing (TPA)

Steel Billets/ Ingots 28,000



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It is an expansion proposal for which-

The products & capacities have already been detailed.

The expansion is proposed in the existing premises measuring 23.22 acres or 93,970m2 No additional

land will be acquired & the existing land use which is industrial shall remain unchanged.

EC was not applicable for the existing project. However, the plant has valid CTO & Authorization.

Rolled / Flats Products 1,40,000

(iv) List of raw materials required and their source along with mode of

transportation.

Details of raw material along with its source and transportation is given below-

RAW MATERIAL

Capacity (TPA) Existing Proposed Total


30,800 2,88,750 3,19,550

Source & Transportation Local & international markets and transport through covered trucks


Chapter-2 of DEIA.

(v) Other chemicals and materials required with quantities and storage

capacities.

No chemicals are used in the manufacturing process. However, analytical grade chemicals/reagents are

required in small quantities in the laboratory for quality control. These chemicals don’t require much

storage area except a small almirah beneath the working table.

(vi) Details of Emission, effluents, hazardous waste generation and

their management.

The following are the required details for the existing & proposed facility:

Details of Hazardous waste generation and their management

The total quantity of slag after expansion will be 46.74TPD and will be disposed off to approved

S. No.

PARTICULARS EXISTING PROPOSED TOTAL

A. PROPOSED CAPACITY OF FURNACES & ROLLING MILLS 1. Induction Furnace 1X8 TPH 2X25 TPH 1X8 TPH

2X25 TPH

2. Laddle Refining Furnace Nil 30 TPH 30 TPH

3. Rolling Mill 01 No. Upgradation of Rolling mill

4. Concast 01 No. Nil 01 No.

5. Vacuum Degasser (VD) Nil 01 No. 01 No.

6. D.G. Sets 2x1500KVA


Chapter-2 of DEIA.



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manufacturer of concrete blocks, pavers and tiles. Hazardous waste generated (0.03kl/annum) from DG sets

in the form of used oil will be sold to authorized recyclers. About 4.26 ton/day APCD dust will be also

covered under hazardous waste and sent to M/s Madhav Alloys (P) Limited or TSDF site Nimbuan Dera

Bassi for final disposal.

(vii) Requirement of water (breakup for induction and other purposes),

power, with source of supply, status of approval, water balance

diagram, man-power requirement (regular and contract).

Water requirement details:

DESCRIPTION EXISTING (KLD) ADDITIONAL (KLD) TOTAL (KLD)

Domestic 15 18 33

Cooling (makeup water) 90 527 617

Total 105 545 650

Source of Water Tubewell

Status of Approval PWRDA Application provided.

Power requirement details:

DESCRIPTION EXISTING (MW) ADDITIONAL (MW) TOTAL (MW)

Power 12 39 51

Source Punjab State Power Corporation Limited, Punjab

Water Balance of all seasons i.e. Summer, Winter, Rainy is provided at page no. 28-29

Manpower Requirement details:

DESCRIPTION EXISTING ADDITIONAL TOTAL

Manpower 300 361 661


Note The entire workforce is/will be local and none is/will be residing within the industry. All

the manpower will be regular.

Water balance of all

seasons i.e. summer, rainy,

water are provided in

Chapter-2 of DEIA.

(viii) The project proponent shall furnish the requisite documents from

the Competent Authority in support of drawl of ground water and

surface water (if any) and supply of electricity.

Application for abstraction of ground water from PWRDA is under process.

Supply of electricity is and will be from PSPCL



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(ix)

Process description along with major equipment and machineries,

process flow sheet (quantitative) from raw material to products to

be provided.

The industry produces ingots from melting MS Scrap. All operations are carried out in batch process. The

brief description is as follows:

MS Scrap is put into the induction furnaces pot through magnetic conveying system, where ii is heated to

1800oC. Scrap is melted and is heated for about 100 minutes. In the molten steel some Ferro Alloys are

added according to the carbon contents in the scrap. The molten metal is then fed to Concast Machine/Billet

Castor form where the material is taken to rolling mill.

The process flow chart of manufacturing process is given Figure 2.8 & the material balance is given in

Figure 2.9


Chapter-2 of DEIA.

(x) Hazard identification and details of proposed safety systems. Hazard Identification and details of proposed safety systems-

S.No Plant Area Causes Consequences Mitigation Measures

1. Furnace

Operation

Moisture containing

scrap & recirculating

water coming in contact

with molten metal

Steam

Explosion

Usage of moisture free

R.M

Drying of R.M

2. Transformer

Area

Oil temperature build

up

Unsafe electrical

installation

Varying room

temperature

Sudden

flashing of fire

& bursting

Proper Electrical

installation

Transformer room

temperature monitoring

3. H.T electrical

installation

Loose Fowls, cable cut,

short circuits & burning

of fuse

Sparks in the

beginning &

devastative

fire if

neglected

Properly laid cables &

switches & fuse

4. Extremely Hot

Working area

Heat from Furnace,

Unsafe clothing,

seasonal factors e.g.

temperature, pH & air

movement

Heat Shocks Rotation of workers

Exhaust air ventilation

Shielding from radiant

heat



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5. Furnace &

Moulding

Touching Hot

Surface

Splashing of molten

metal

Radiation

Burns Providing specific PPE

are to measures risk of

manual operation

Protective barriers to

explosion

6. Furnace &

moulding

UV & IR radiation of

high intensities from

molten metal pouring

High

Radiation

Safety education to

workers

Labelling of risky areas

Providing suitable PPE

xi. EXPANSION/MODERNIZATION PROPOSALS

a. Status of compliance of Consent to Operate for the

ongoing/existing operation of the project from SPCB shall be

attached with the EIA-EMP report.

CTO will be provided in final EIA.

b. In case the existing project has not obtained environmental

clearance, reasons for not taking EC under the provisions of the

EIA Notification 1994 and/or Eia Notification 2006 shall be

provided. Copies of Consent to Establish/No Objection Certificate

and Consent to Operate (in case of units operating prior to EIA

Notification 2006, CTE and CTO of FY 2006-2006) obtained from

the SPCB shall be submitted. Further, compliance report to the

conditions of consents from the SPCB shall be submitted.

CTE is attached as Annexure II Annexure II is attached at

page no. 182

4. SITE DETAILS

(i) Location of the project site covering Village, Taluka/Tehsil,

District and State, Justification for selecting the site, whether other

sites were considered. Copy of Master Plan indicating a land use

pattern of the site is in conformity of proposals of Master Plan

shall be attached with EIA report.

The project is located at Village Harian, P.O. Uppal, Machhiwara road, Tehsil- Koom Kalan, District-

Ludhiana, Punjab.

The proposed expansion will be carried out in the existing unit where all the infrastructure facilities are

available. Alternative sites are therefore not considered.

Copy of Master plan of Ludhiana is provided at Figure 2.6.

Details are provided in chapter 2 of DEIA.

(ii) A toposheet of the study area of radius of 10km and site location

on 1:50,000/1:25,000 scale on an A3/A2 sheet. (Including all eco-

sensitive areas and environmentally sensitive places)

The project site covered under Toposheet No. H43K1, on scale 1:5000 covering 10 km covered the site has

been attached as Figure 1.2

Details are provided in chapter 1 of DEIA.



xxxiii

(iii) Co-ordinates (lat-long) of all four corners of the site. The project lies in the coordinates:

LATITUDE LONGITUDE 30°54'27.07"N 76°07'48.90"E 30°54'24.15"N 76°07'56.29"E 30°54'19.62"N 76°08'00.67"E 30°54'12.25"N 76°08'00.86"E 30°54'12.39"N 76°08'49.99"E


chapter 1 of DEIA.

(iv) Google Map- Earth downloaded of the project site. Google map-Earth image showing project site & its surrounding within 500m radius are shown in Figure

2.2


chapter 1 of DEIA.

(v) Layout maps indicating existing unit as well as proposed unit

indicating storage area, plant, area, greenbelt area, utilities etc. if

located within an Industrial area/Estate/Complex, layout of

Industrial Area indicating location of unit within the Industrial

area/Estate.

The project is located within the Industrial Zone. Layout showing the required features is enclosed as

Figure 2.4

Area Breakup

Details Sq. mtrs. Total Plot Area 93970

Shed Area (All Machinery) 21610

Finished Good Storage area 7500

APCD area 660 Slag storage area 650

APCD Dust (Hazardous waste) storage area 100

Green area 31200

Scrap area 2860 STP area 100

Parking area 356

Admin. Office area 300

Road & open area 21591

Utilities area 7043


chapter 1 of DEIA.

(vi) Photographs of the proposed and existing (if applicable) plant site.

if existing, show photographs of planation/greenbelt, in particular.

(vii) Land use break-up of total land of the project site (identified and

acquired), government/private-agricultural, forest, wasteland,

water bodies, settlements, etc shall be included. (not required for

industrial area)

The Land-use pattern of Project site is Industrial Land as per the revenue land record and doesn’t include

any government / private – agricultural, forest, wasteland, water bodies, settlements, etc.



xxxiv

(viii) A list of major industries with name and type within study area (10

km radius) shall be incorporated. Land use details of the study

area.

A list of major industries within Study area (10 Km)

S.No. Name of Industries Type of Industries Distance and Direction

1. M/s Renny Strips Pvt. Ltd. Steel 5 Km, W 2. M/s Renny Strips Pvt. Ltd. (Furnace Division) Steel 5 Km, W

Land use/Land cover details are as below:

Land Use/Land Cover Area (Ha) Area Percentage

Built-Up Land 787.95 2.41

Agricultural Land 8914.32 27.22

Agricultural Fallow Land 21845.9 66.71

Open Land 585.18 1.79

Water Bodies 612.9 1.87

Total Area 32746.25 100%

The study area comprises of agricultural land of about 8914.32 ha (27.22 %) including agricultural fallow

land 21845.9 ha (66.71%). Built up land in the study area cover an area of 787.95 ha (2.41%)

approximately. The study area has open land of 585.18 (1.79%) distributed in & around study area. Study

area has 659.90 ha (2.06 %) of water bodies.

List of Industries within 10

km of radius and land use

details are provided in

Chapter 3 of DEIA.

(ix) Geological features and Geo-hydrological status of the study area

shall be included.

Sub surface geological formation comprises of fine to coarse grained sand, silt, clay & kankar.

Soils in the area are sandy loam at the surface.

Sub surface geological formation shows the existence of top layer of 10-15m of clay, kankar with sand

lenses. This layer is followed by granular zones of 20 to 30m in thickness. At a depth of 90 to 120m

another clay bed of 25 to 30m in thickness exists.

Depth to water level ranges between 10-20m bgl. The ground water flows from North East to South

West direction.

Total thickness of alluvium is expected to be more than 550m as bed rock has not been encountered

upto that depth.

Geological features and

Geo-hydrological status of

the study area are provided

at Chapter-3 of DEIA.

(x) Details of Drainage of the project upto 5 km radius of study area.

If the site is within 1 km radius of any major river, peal and lean

season river discharge as well as flood occurrence frequency based

on peak rainfall data of the past 30 years. Details of Flood Level of

the project site and maximum Flood Level of the river shall also

be provided. (Mega green field projects).

The proposed project falls at a distance of 9 km from Satluj River & 4.2Km from Ropar-Neelon Canal. The

Satluj river and Ropar-Neelon Canal is not identified as the polluted river stretched by CPCB.

Drainage map of study area is provided at Figure 3.13

Drainage Map is provided

in Chapter- 3 of DEIA.



xxxv

(xi) Status of acquisition of land. If acquisition is not complete, stage

of the acquisition process and expected time of complete

possession of the land.

The project site has already 23.22 acres of land. The expansion will be carried out in existing land only.

Thus, no additional land will be required for expansion.

For reference, land papers are attached as Annexures I

Land Papers as Annexures

are attached at page no.

171

(xii) R&R details in respect of land in line with State Government

policy.

The project doesn’t involve any displacement of population and subsequent Rehabilitation & Resettlement.

5. FOREST AND WILDLIFE RELATED ISSUES (IF APPLICABLE)

i. Permission and approval for the use of forest land (forestry

clearance), if any, and recommendation of the State Forest

Department. (if applicable)

Permission and approval for the use of forest land is not required as the project site is located in Industrial

zone and no forest land is involved. Thus, no forest Clearance is required.

ii. Land use map based on High Resolution Satellite imagery (OPS)

of the proposed site delineating the forestland (in case of projects

involving forest land more than 40 ha).

No, forest land is involved within 10 km of project Site.

For reference Land Use map is attached as figure no. 3.17

Land use map is attached

in Chapter 3 of DEIA.

iii. Status of application submitted for obtaining the stage I forestry

clearance along with latest status shall be submitted.

Does not apply

iv. The projects to be located within 10 km of the National Parks,

Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves, Migratory Corridors of Wild

Animals, the project proponent shall be submit the map duly

authenticated by Chief Wildlife Warden showing these features

vis-a- vis the project location and the recommendations or

comments of the Chief Wildlife Warden-thereon.

Not applicable as no National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuaries, Biospheres, Migratory Corridors of Wild

Animals is present within 10 km of project site.

v. Wildlife Conservation Plan duly authenticated by the Chief

Wildlife Warden of the State Government for conservation of

Schedule I fauna, if any exists in the study area.

Does not apply

vi. Copy of application submitted for clearance under the Wildlife

(Protection) Act, 1972, to the Standing Committee of the National

Board for Wildlife.

Does not apply

6. ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS

i. Determination of atmospheric inversion level at the project site

and specific micro-meteorological data using temperature, relative

humidity, hourly wind speed and direction and rainfall.

The project site is located in sub tropical region characterized by four seasons:

- Winter: November to February

- Summer: March to June



xxxvi

- Monsoon: July to Mid September

- Post Monsoon: Mid September to Mid November

May & June are the hottest months, daily maximum & minimum temperature in the region 38.6oC&

23.1oC respectively. December & January are the coldest months with maximum & minimum

temperature 20.4oC & 6.1oC respectively.

The annual average rainfall in the region is 654 mm

The maximum-minimum temperature at site are observed as 36.3oC & 10.2oC

The RH (%) at site varies from 42 to 88

The maximum/minimum wind speed at site is 18 & 0 m/sec

The dominate wind elevation at site is observed as NW-SE

ii. AAQ data (except monsoon) at 8 locations for PM10, PM2.5, SO2,

NOX, CO and other parameters relevant to the project shall be

collected. The monitoring stations shall be based CPCB guidelines

and take into account the pre dominant wind direction, population

zone and sensitive receptors including reserved forests.

AAQ data (except monsoon) at 8 locations PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX, CO relevant to the project collected

from February- April, 2021.

Locations Chosen for Ambient air monitoring are as follows-

1) Project Site

2) Takhran

3) Macchiwara

4) Mughlewal

5) Ratangarh

6) Pratapgarh

7) Katani Kalan

8) Haron Kalana

iii. Raw data of all AAQ measurement for 12 weeks of all stations as

per frequency given in the NAQQM Notification of Nov. 2009

along with min., max., average and 98% value for each of the

AAQ parameters from data of all AAQ stations should be

provided as an Annexure to the EIA report.

AAQ measurement as per NAAQS-Nov-2009 has been carried out for 12 weeks. Details are provided in Chapter 3 of DEIA.

Further, Detail analysis of

Ambient Air data is given


iv. Surface water quality of nearby river (60m upstream and

downstream) and other surface drains at eight locations as per

CPCB, MoEF & CC guidelines.

Surface Water Sampling Stations

Station Sampling Location Aerial Distance (Km) and Direction from Project Site

SW-1 Satluj river 9 Km, W

SW-2 Ropar-Neelon canal 4.2 Km, W

Refer to Chapter 3 of

DEIA.



xxxvii

Surface Water samples were taken from Sidhwan Canal which is 0.96 Km in North direction from the

project site.

v. Whether the site falls near to polluted stretch of river identified by

the CPCB/MoEF&CC.

No, the site does not fall near to polluted stretch of river identified by the CPCB/MoEF&CC.

vi. Ground water monitoring at minimum at 8 locations shall be

included.

Ground water monitoring locations are as follows-

1) Project Site

2) Takhran

3) Macchiwara

4) Mughlewal

5) Ratangarh

6) Pratapgarh

7) Katani Kalan

8) Haron Kalana

vii. Noise levels monitoring at 8 locations within the study area. Noise level monitoring stations are as follows-

1) Project Site

2) Takhran

3) Macchiwara

4) Mughlewal

5) Ratangarh

6) Pratapgarh

7) Katani Kalan

8) Haron Kalana

Comprehensive results

including locations are

provided in Chapter 3 of

DEIA.

viii. Soil characteristic as per CPCB guidelines. Details are provided in Chapter 3 Comprehensive results

including locations are


DEIA.



xxxviii

ix. Traffic feasibility/serviceability study for at least 3 days based on

Indian Standard Codes. Further it shall also include the details of

cross section of the road on which industry is located, vehicles

movement w.r.t the industry, traffic load of other vehicles on the

road incorporating the haulage time for the vehicles for

loading/unloading within the premises and parking requirement to

avoid the traffic congestions on the link and adjoining roads.

Traffic study shall be conducted considering the traffic of the

industries located in the vicinity.

With the proposed expansion coming into being an average 17 trucks/day each @20 ton will be added to

the existing trucks. The traffic study on both sides was conducted by physical count of the vehicles for 24

hrs.

Detailed Overview of Traffic Study is provided in para 3.11 of Chapter – 3 of FEIA.

Traffic study along its

locations and its

calculations are given at

page no. 97 of Chapter 3 of

DEIA.

x. Detailed description of flora and fauna (terrestrial and aquatic)

existing in the study area shall be given with special reference to

rare, endemic and endangered species. If Schedule-I fauna re

found within the study area, a Wildlife Conservation Plan shall be

prepared and furnished.

Descriptive list of flora and fauna (terrestrial and aquatic) is provided in the Chapter-3 of FEIA.

There are no rare, endemic and endangered species found in the study area. No schedule- I fauna also not

found. Provided at para 3.9 and Table 3.19 and Table 3.20.

List of Flora and fauna is

provided in Chapter-3 of

DEIA.

xi. Socio-economic status of study area. Livelihood in the study area is primarily based on agriculture sector. Majority of main workforce are

engaged as cultivators or agriculture labourers. Due to this expansion, employment of locals will increase.

Socio- Economic data of

Ludhiana district is

provided at in Chapter 3 of

DEIA.

7. IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN

i. Assessment of ground level concentration of pollutants from the

stack emission based on site-specific meteorological features. In

case the project is located on a hilly terrain, the AQIP Modeling

shall be done using inputs of the specific terrain characteristics

for determining the potential impacts of the project n the AAQ.

Cumulative impacts of all sources of emissions (including

transportation) on the AAQ of the air shall be well assessed.

Details of the model used and yen input data used for modeling

shall also be provided. The air quality contours shall be plotted

on a location map showing the location of project site, habitation

nearby, sensitive receptors, if any.

For predicting the impacts of proposed expansion, the contribution to the existing air quality from the

ongoing operation of industry has been taken into account by monitoring the stack emission. Post expansion

forecasting has been done using the AERMOD Cloud & the local meteorology to ensure the compliance of

the air quality standards. Based on the perusal of modeling results, it is seen that the resultant PM10

concentration after the implementation of project will be 89.57 µg/m3 at 75 m (WNW) from project site. Due

to the implementation of adequate & appropriate control measures like pollution control devices, tree

plantation & dust suppression, and the adverse impacts are likely to be insignificant.

Refer to Chapter 4 of

DEIA.

ii. Water Quality Modeling. Since, no process related effluent is generated & discharged, this requirement is not applicable.



xxxix

Domestic-through STP of 30.0 KLD capacity and used for plantation.

iii. Impacts of the transport of the raw materials and end products on

the surrounding environment shall be assessed and provided. In

this regard, options for transport of raw materials and finished

products and wastes (large quantities) by rail or rail-cum road

transport or conveyor-cum-rail transport shall be examined.

Raw materials and products will be transported via roads using trucks having capacity of 20 Ton each.

As estimated 17 trucks @ 20 ton/truck will be used daily for the transportation of RM, finished products &

slag. Based on the traffic study, this increase will not affect the existing carrying capacity of concerned road

and the LOS.

Further, details of raw

material and products are


DEIA.

iv. A note a treatment, recycling and reuse of wastewater from

different plant operations, extent for different purposes shall be

included. Complete scheme of effluent treatment. Characteristics

of untreated and treated effluent to meet the prescribed standards

of discharge under EPA rules. Use of treated domestic water as

makeup cooling water should be examined and submitted.

STP of 30 KLD will be installed & treated water used in Plantation/Green area. The schematic flow diagram

of STP is enclosed.

v. Details of stack emission and action plan for control of emissions

to meet standards.

The following are the detail of stack emission:

Action plan for control of emissions to meet the standards as per SOPs of PPCB are:

SOP Titled ‘Air Pollution Control in the Induction Furnace unit (s)’ devised by PPCB vide office order no. -

GPC/Guidelines/RS/SP/F-/2018/290 dated 15.06.2018 shall be followed.

During Charging & melting

- Scrap will be segregated for explosives and closed containers.

- The segregated scrap will be freed from oil, paint and grease by charging the same to I.F. maintained at

S. No.



2X25 TPH








xl

3000C and passing the volatile emission through bag filter via suction hood with adequate suction.

- The scrap will be cut to size less than the size of crucible.

- No overcharging of furnace will be practiced and dense charge as for as practicable will be charged.

Air Pollution Control

- Bag filters with pulse jet filtration will be used.

- Rotator air lock will be operated for collection of dust from hopper.

Maintenance of bag filter

- The pressure drop across the bags will be maintained with U- tube manometer and maintained 3-6’’ (76-

152mm).

- Maintained schedule shall be strictly followed and remained maintained.

Temperature

- The temperature of flue gas will be maintained between 100-1200c by proper cooling.

Compressor

- For pulse jet of air, a compressor capable of delivering compressed air of pressure 6-7 kg/cm2 shall be

provided. The air will be devoid of oil and moisture. Recommendation of manufacturer should be

followed.

Fan Maintenance

Shall be carried out as per the maintenance schedule.

vi. Measures for fugitive emission control. For fugitive emissions during furnace charging side suction hood have been provided.

Fugitive emission like smoke, gas and heat around the furnace will be taken care of by proper exhaust

ventilation.

Details of Fugitive

emission control are given


vii. Details of hazardous waste generation and their storage,

utilization and disposal. Copies of MOU regarding utilization of

solid and hazardous waste shall also be included. EMP shall

include the concept of waste-minimization, recycle/reuse/recover

techniques, energy conservation and natural resource

conservation.

Hazardous waste generated (0.03kl/annum) from DG sets in the form of used oil will be sold to authorized

recyclers. About 4.26 ton/day APCD dust will be also covered under hazardous waste and sent to M/S

Madhav Alloys (P) Limited or TSDF site Nimbuan Dera Bassi for final disposal.

Detailed EMP is Provided in Chapter- 6 of FEIA.

Details of hazardous waste

generation and their

storage, utilization and

disposal is provided at

Chapter- 3 of DEIA.

viii. Proper utilization of fly ash shall be ensured as per Fly Ash

Notification, 2009. A detailed plan of action shall be provided.

No fly ash is either generated in the unit nor it will be generated after expansion. However, during

construction, wherever required fly ash-based cement and other products such as blocks, pavers, bricks &

tiles will be used.



xli

ix. Action plan for the green belt development plan in 33 % area i.e.

land with not less than 1,500 trees per ha. Giving details of

species, width of plantation, planning schedule etc. Shall be

included. The green belt shall be around the project boundary and

a scheme for greening of the roads used for the project shall also

be incorporated.

Area allocation for green belt: 33% i.e. 31,200 m2 of total area as per MoEF&CC stipulated norms will be

developed as the green belt. A total of 4678 trees will be planted. 100 trees have already been planted.

Selection of plant species: Existing tree species are Shisham, Mango, Safeda, and Kachnar. Tree species

like Mulberry, Bungania and False Ashok will be planted.

Action plan & estimated budgetary allocation for proposed green belt development

The proposed green belt in an area of 31,200 m2will be developed in phase wise manner viz. plantation will

be done in Phase-wise manner

No. of trees to be planted in 31,200m2= 31,200/6.67= 4678 plants.

1000 Plants have been already planted. The rest number of plants i.e. 3678 will be planted as

Phase I (June 2022) – 1226 plants will be planted

Phase II (June 2023) – 1226 plants will be planted

Phase III (June 2024)- 1226 plants will be planted

Budgetary allocation: ₹. 22 Lakhs under EMP cost.

Detail of Plantation along

with Budget allocation is

given in Chapter 10 of

DEIA.

x. Action plan for rainwater harvesting measures at plant site and

outside the area of project site shall be submitted to harvest

rainwater from the roof tops and storm water drains to recharge

the ground water and also to use for the various activities at the

project site to conserve fresh water and reduce the water

requirement from other sources.

Rain Water Harvesting calculations is provided at para 3.5.3.

Rain Water Calculations is


DEIA.



xlii

xi. Total capital cost and recurring cost/annum for environmental

pollution control measures shall be included. EMP Budget

To maintain the environmental parameters within the stipulated standards, regular monitoring of various

environmental components is necessary which will be complied as per conditions. Cost of monitoring of

environmental parameters for Air, Water, Noise and stack is ₹345 lakh and cost for Solid Waste

Management, RWH, Safety and Risk Management, Environment Monitoring and Management,

Miscellaneous ₹36.5 lakh.

S.

No

Title Capital Cost

₹ Lakh

Recurring Cost ₹

Lakh

1 Pollution Control during construction stage 2.0 ---

2 Air Pollution Control (Installation of APCD) 300.0 10.0

3 Water Pollution Control (Installation of STP @ 30

KLD) 20.0

2.0

4 Green Belt development 22.0 18.0

5 Noise Pollution Control 1.0 0.1

6 Solid/ Hazardous Waste Management 7.5 ---

7 Environment Monitoring and Management 5.0 0.10

8 Occupational Health, Safety and Risk Management 10.0 0.50

9 RWH 10.0 0.50

10 Miscellaneous 4.0 --

TOTAL ₹381.5 Lakh ₹31.2 Lakhs



xliii

xii. Action plan for post-project environmental monitoring shall be

submitted.

Action plan for post-project environmental monitoring:

Source Monitoring Location Parameters to be

Monitored Frequency

Furnace Emissions

Stack attached to APCD PM Twice a year or as per conditions of EC or as per requirement of SPCB

Ambient Air Quality

At 2 locations (one inside the project site & one at boundary of the

project site along predominant wind

direction)

PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx & CO

Twice a year or as per conditions of EC or as per requirement of SPCB

Ambient Noise

At 2 locations (one inside the project site & one at boundary of the project

site)

Day & Night Equivalent Noise Level

Twice a year or as per conditions of EC or as per requirement of SPCB

Occupational Health

Continuous database

management of health parameters

General Health aspects

Yearly

DG Stack Monitoring

DG sets used during operation

Particulate Matter, SO2, NOx

Twice a year or as per conditions of EC

Details of Action Plan

during Construction Phase

is provided in Chapter -6

of DEIA.

xiii. Onsite and Offsite Disaster (natural and man-made) Preparedness

and Emergency Management plan including Risk Assessment

and damage control. Disaster management plan should be linked

with District Disaster Management Plan.

Safety Hazards

Risk Equipment Causes Mitigation Measures

Steam

Explosion

Furnace Cooling water coming in contact

with molten metal as Slag

Excessive moisture in Slag

Due to refractors

Making C.W. system

leak proof

Pre heating of raw

materials

Pre heating of refractors

Chemical

Explosion

Furnace Accidental mixing of oxidants

such as points/varnishing & oily

scrap

Chemicals/substances in scrap

Segregation of scrap

before use

Fire &

Explosion

Transformers High oil temperature Locating transformers

at isolated place



xliv

Onsite emergency plan is drawn for handling emergencies that may be manmade or natural within shortest

possible time with the available resources. The existing set up will be further strengthened to meet any

eventually. The highlights of plan are:

The clock securely setup.

Making ‘First Aid’ available & contact with nearly hospitals, police stations and industries.

Deputing a responsible person to be contacted in case of emergency.

Free access to areas where emergency is to be attended.

Assembly points for workers/contact labour & the visitors.

Proper coding of equipments & their locations for attending the emergency.

Varying room temperature Encompassing the oil

filled equipment by

RCC wall

Sparks

followed by

fire

Electrical

installation/Sub-

station

Loose fowls, cable cut, short

circuits etc

Due diligence in

designing the electrical

sub station

8. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

i. Details of existing Occupational & Safety Hazards. What are the

exposure levels of above-mentioned hazards and whether they are

within Permissible Exposure Level (PEL)? If these are not within

PEL, what measures the company has adopted to keep them within

PEL so that health of the workers can be preserved.

Details of Safety Hazards:

Safety Hazards


Steam Explosion Furnace Cooling water coming

in contact with molten

metal as Slag

Excessive moisture in

Slag

Due to refractors

Making C.W. system leak proof

Pre heating of raw materials


Chemical

Explosion

Furnace Accidental mixing of

oxidants such as

points/varnishing &

oily scrap

Chemicals/substances

Segregation of scrap before use

Table 10.1 is provided in

Chapter- 10 of DEIA.



xlv

in scrap

Fire & Explosion Transformers High oil temperature

Varying room

temperature

Locating transformers at isolated

place

Encompassing the oil filled

equipment by RCC wall

Sparks followed

by fire

Electrical

installation/Sub-

station

Loose fowls, cable

cut, short circuits etc

Due diligence in designing the

electrical sub station

Details of Occupational Health Hazards:

Occupational Health Hazards

Hazard Causes Mitigation/Control

Heat Stress Working in extreme hot conditions Shielding heat radiations from

hot surface

Supply of clean drinking water

Educating workers about the

symptoms of excessive heat

exposure

Short breaks & rotation of

workers

Burns Splashing of molten material

Touching of hot surface

Radiation

Providing specific PPE’s

Providing protective barriers to

minimum exposure

Proper design & process control

Automation to minimize risk

associated with material handling

or casting

Light

Radiation

UV & IR radiations of high intensity from

molten metal especially the pouring areas

Educating the workers regarding

risks and safety measures

Proper labeling of risky areas

w.r.t radiation

Shielding of workers and



xlvi

providing proper PPE’s

Electrocution Contact with live wires

Flash over

Strong Electromagnetic filter

Elimination of source of risk

Safety switches

Task specific PPE

Mechanical

Hazard

Accidental fall of heavy equipments PPE

Proper training

Hearing

problems

Excessive Noise Insulate ventilation proper

Compulsory PPE

ii. Details of exposure specific health status evaluation of worker. If

the workers health is being evaluated by pre designed format,

chest x-rays, Audiometry, Spirometry, Vision testing (Far & Near

Vision, Colour Vision and any other ocular defect) ECG, during

pre placement and periodical examinations give the details of the

same. Details regarding last month analyzed data of above-

mentioned parameters as per age, sex, duration of exposure and

department wise.

Periodic medical health check up of worker is being/shall be done based on their age and the records

maintained.

The age specific frequency of examination is:

For new entrants & employees below 30 years, once in 5 years

Between 31-40, once in 4 years

Between 41-50, once in 2 years

Above 50 years, every year


Chapter- 7 of DEIA.

iii. Annual report of health status of workers with special reference to

Occupational Health and Safety.

The record of medical examination will be maintained for follow up action if any.

iv. Plan and fund allocation to ensure the occupational health & safety

of all contract and causal workers.

Proper Safety measures will be taken to ensure the safety of all workers. Further, ₹10.0 lacs have been

designated for Occupational Health, Safety and Risk Management under EMP budget.

Details of EMP containing

fund allocation of

Occupational health and

Safety is provided in

Chapter- 10 of DEIA.

9. CORPORATE ENVIRONMENT POLICY

i. Does the company have a well laid down Environment Policy

approved by its Board of Directors? If so, it may be detailed in the

EIA report.

The industry has well defined Environmental policy and the same is executed by EMC. The main

objections of policy are:

Waste minimization, recycling, energy conservation and use of alternative material which are

practicable and cost effective.

Training, education and information to employees.

Compliance of provisions of applicable environmental laws.

For Detail reference, refer

to Chapter- 10 of DEIA.



xlvii

ii. Does the Environment Policy prescribe for standard operating

process/procedures to bring into focus any

infringement/deviation/violation of the environmental or forest

norms/conditions? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA.

The EMC is entrusted with the task of looking after all the environmental issues.



iii. What is the hierarchical system or Administrative order of the

company to deal with the environmental issues and for ensuring

compliance with the environmental clearance conditions? Details

of this system may be given.

The hierarchical system of EMC is as:



iv. Does the company have system of reporting of non-compliance

/violation of environmental norms to the Board of Directors of the

company and /or shareholders or stakeholders at large? This

reporting mechanism shall be detailed in the EIA report.

Yes, the non-compliances are reported by EMC to the Directors of Industry.

10. Details regarding infrastructure facilities such as sanitation, duel,

restroom etc. to be provided to the labour force construction as

well as to the casual workers including truck drivers during

operation phase.

Workers, casual labour and truck drivers have already been provided basic amenities like toilets, drinking

water, canteen and the restroom/change room and the same will be available for construction workers.

11. ENTERPRISE SOCIAL COMMITMENT (ESC)

i. To address the Public Hearing issues, 2.5% of the total project cost

of (Rs._ Crores), amounting to Rs._ Crores, shall be earmarked by

the project proponent, towards Enterprise Social Commitment

(ESC). Distinct ESC projects shall be carved out based on the

local public hearing issues. Project estimate shall be prepared

based on PWD schedule of rates for each distinct item and

schedule for time bound action plan shall b prepared. These ESC

projects as indicated by the project proponent shall be

implemented along with the main project. Implementation of such

program shall be ensured by constituting a Committee comprising

Will be given in FEIA report.



xlviii

of the project proponent, representatives of Village Panchayat &

District Administration. Action taken report in this regard shall be

submitted to the ministry’s Regional Office. No free

distribution/donations and or free camps shall be included in the

above ESC budget.

12. Any litigation pending against the project and/or any

direction/order passed by any Court of Law against the project, if

so, details thereof shall also be included. Has the unit received any

notice under the Section 5 of Environment (Protection) act, 1986

or relevant Sections of Air and Water Acts? If so, details thereof

and compliance/ATR to the notice(s) and present status of the

case.

No litigation is pending against the project or the promoter of industry.

13. A tabular chart with index for point wise compliance of above

TORs.

Complied

14. The TORs prescribed shall be valid for a period of three years for

submission of the EIA-EMP reports along with Public Hearing

Proceedings (wherever stipulated).

Tor issued with reference no. SEIAA/M.S./2021/4007 dated on 04.05.2021 is valid upto three years.

Public hearing proceedings will be added after conduction of Public hearing.

B. STANDARDISED SPECIFIC TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR EIA STUDIES FOR INDUCTION/ARC FURNACES/CUPOLA FURNACES 5 TPH OR MORE

i. Details of proposed layout clearly demarcating existing &

proposed features of the project within the plant.

A detailed layout demarcating existing and proposed features Provided at Figure 2.4 A detailed Layout is in

Chapter 2 of DEIA.

ii. Total no. of furnaces & details including capacity if each furnace. Detail of Furnaces including existing and proposed furnaces is provided below

S. No.



2X25 TPH







xlix

iii. Detail of the mechanical shredder to reduce the size of raw

material.

Mechanical Shredder is used to reduce size of raw material.

iv. Complete process flow diagram describing each unit, its processes

and operations, along with material and energy inputs and outputs

(material and energy balance).

Detailed Manufacturing process and material Balance in form of Flow diagram is provided at Fig. 2.8 & Fig. 2.9

Detail of manufacturing

process and material

Balance is provided in

Chapter-2 of DEIA.

v. Details on design and manufacturing process for all units. Provided at Fig. 2.8 Figure 2.8 is present in

Chapter 2 of DEIA.

vi. Details on environmentally sound technologies for recycling of

hazardous materials, as per CPCB Guidelines, may be mentioned

in case of handing scrap and other ‘recycled materials.

The existing unit is disposing APCD dust to TSDF at Dera Bassi. However, in future the same shall be

supplied to M/s Madhav Alloys for recovery of Zinc. The used oil is partly used as lubricant within the

industry.

vii. Details on requirement of raw materials, its source and storage at

the plant.

Raw Material Details: -

RAW MATERIAL

Capacity (TPA) Existing Proposed Total


30,800 2,88,750 3,19,550

Source & Transportation Local & international markets and transport through covered trucks

viii. Details on requirement of energy and waste along its source and

authorization from the concerned department. Location of water

intake and outfall points (with coordinates).

Energy Requirement

DESCRIPTION EXISTING (MW) PROPOSED (MW) TOTAL (MW)

Power 12 39 51


Water Requirement

DESCRIPTION EXISTING (KLD) PROPOSED (KLD) TOTAL (KLD)

Domestic 15 18 33


Total 105 545 650



l

No waste water is discharged outside.

ix. Details on toxic metal content in the waste material and its

composition and end use (particularly of slag).

As per CPCB, slag is not a hazardous waste. It will be used in the manufacturing of cement, concrete

blocks, pavers & tiles under proper MOU/Agreement.

x. Details on toxic content (TCLP), composition and end use of

chrome slag. Details on the recovery of the Ferro Chrome from the

slag and its proper disposal.

Not Applicable, as the industry is not manufacturing ferro chrome alloys

C. ADDITIONAL SPECIFIC TORS DECIDED DURING MEETING OF SEAC

i. Public Consultation as required for the projects not located in

notified industrial parks/estates.

As required Public consultation will be conducted by SPCB/ PPCB

ii. Submit proof of ownership of land (existing owner) such as hard

copy of latest Jamabandi (not more than one month old) and

credible document showing status of land acquisition w.r.t project

site as prescribed in OM dated 07.10.2014 issued by MoEF.

Land Papers area attached as Annexure I Land paper as Annexure I

is provided at page no. 171

iii. Submit dully filled prescribed field data sheets and analysis reports

along with exact location of sampling/ monitoring point marked on

the layout map. Also submit the status of approvals of laboratories.

Noted. Will be provided in FEIA.

iv. Submit cost of the project duly certified by Chartered Engineer/

Approved valuer/ Chartered accountant. In the absence of above,

the project proponent may submit self-centered detail of cost of

the project mentioning the cost of land, building, infrastructure and

plant & machinery.

Submitted. Project Cost breakup is attached as Annexure X Annexure VI is attached at

page no. 194 of DEIA.

v. Certificate from the concerned authority w.r.t the location of

protected areas as notified under the Wildlife protection Act, 1972

within 5 km radius from the boundary of the project site.

Noted.

vi. Certificate from the Department of Town & Country Planning or

concerned authorities to support the claim made by project

proponent that the project site is located in the industrial zone as

per the provisions of Master Plan of Town/City in the jurisdiction

Noted.



li

of which the project site is located otherwise project proponent

shall submit the change of land use of project site for total land

area

vii. Compliance of the siting criteria, standard operating practices,

code of practice and guidelines if any prescribed by the

SPCB/CPCB/MoEF&CC for such type of units.

Being an existing industry, the siting criteria and other requirements/guidelines prescribed by regulatory

authorities are being followed.

viii. Necessary permissions from the Central Ground Water Authority

(CGWA)/State Ground Water Authority (SGWA)/Concerned

Authority for the abstraction of ground water for the existing

requirements as well as for the expanded unit. In case of not

allowing such permissions by the concerned authority for the

abstraction of additional ground water for the expanded project,

the project proponent shall propose alternative arrangements to

meet out the additional water requirements. It shall be assured

that:-

a. In the projects where ground water is proposed as water

source, the project proponent shall apply to the Central

Ground Authority (CGWA)/State Ground Water Authority

(SGWA), as the case may be, for obtaining No Objection

Certificate (NOC) if applicable.

b. Approval/permission of the CGWA/SGWA shall be

obtained before drawing ground water for the project

activities.

c. In the absence of approval, submit a copy of

acknowledgment along with set of application filed to

CGWA/ Competent Authority for obtaining permission for

th abstraction of groundwater.

Application for G.W. abstraction is made to CGWA.

ix. Minimize the water consumption in the steel plant complex by

segregation of used water, practicing cascade use and by recycling

treated water.

Adequate water consumption measures shall be taken while operating the plant.

x. STP for treatment of waste water & reutilization of the treated

water for core/non-core activities so as to achieve the Zero Liquid

The proposed expansion involves ‘Zero Liquid Discharge’ as no water will be used in process. However,

STP of 30 KLD is being provided for treatment of domestic waste water. The treated water will be used for



lii

Discharge Condition as per the III (iv) of OM dated 09/08/2018

issued by the MoEF&CC for such units.

plantation and as C.W. the C.T. blow down will not be discharged anywhere but treated in STP and

neutralized.

xi. Reuse of cooling tower blow down, simultaneously ensuring the

standards prescribed for such purge waters. If required, necessary

arrangements shall be made to keep this waste stream within the

parameters required for reuse.

As point vii. Above.

xii. In case of any acid pickling activity, the spent acid/effluents

generated from such activities shall be utilized through authorized

re-processors for converting the same shall be made with the

authorized agencies.

NA,

As no acid pickling activity is included.

xiii. Adequate area to be reserved and marked on the layout plan for

the green belt as per the conditions laid down by the MoEF&CC

as per the Standard EC Conditions prescribed for

Induction/electric Arc Furnace & rolling Mills circulated vide OM

dated 09/08/2018

Green belt in a 33% of project area ( i.e. 31,200 m2) will be developed as per guidelines of CPCB and

covering the entire periphery of plant.

xiv. Detailed study report alongwith calculation for reserving land for

loading or unloading of raw material, products, slag, hazardous

waste as well as for storage of these materials and the area to be

reserved for parking incorporating the time required for loading

and unloading of vehicles for respective activities and

minimum/maximum period for which storage of the above

material is required in the premises. The areas for the respective

activities to be marked on the layout plan.

The proposed project is having adequate space for

Details Sq. mtrs. Total Plot Area 93970 Shed Area (All Machinery) 21610

Finished Good Storage area 7500

APCD area 660 Slag storage area 650

APCD Dust (Hazardous waste) storage area 100

Green area 31200

Scrap area 2860 STP area 100

Parking area 356

Admin. Office area 300

Road & open area 21591

Utilities area 7043

xv. Action plan for the compliance of standard operating procedures

and upgradation of suction and treatment arrangement for the

secondary emissions as prescribed by the State Pollution Control

Board or by MoEF&CC.

The I.F will be operated as per SOP prescribed by PPCB. The APCS will be as per the design prepared by

PSCST. The operational staff will be trained as per PPCB guidelines.



liii

xvi. Compliance of standard operating procedures and up-gradation of

suction/treatment systems for the control of secondary emissions

with the time frame prescribed by the State pollution Control

Board. Similar action is to be implemented in the proposed

expansion project.

The suction/treatment systems have already been upgraded and operated as per SOP prescribed by PPCB

and the same shall be implemented in the proposed expansion.

xvii. Whole of the vehicle movement area as well as approach road to

the gate/weighing bridge shall be paved with

pucca/metalled/cement concrete road to control the dust emissions

expected from the vehicle movement.

The same is already made pucca with cement concrete.

xviii. The vehicles to be used for loading/unloading purpose shall not be

parked along roadside so as to avoid the traffic congestion and

dedicated parking place to be provided for the same.

Noted. It will be followed and no vehicle will be parked along road side.

xix. Adopt green technologies to conserve the water and energy

including shearing/cutting/bundling machines. Also, to provide

abrasive resistant fire bricks in the crucibles to reduce the periodic

maintenance & disposal of discarded fire bricks.

Noted. It will be followed in letter & spirit.

Green technologies shall be adopted to conserve the water and energy including shearing/cutting/bundling

machines

xx. Use of natural gas (if applicable) as substitute fuel wherever

possible in the existing industry/for expansion project.

The use of natural gas as substitute fuel shall be explored as and when N.G is made available by the Govt.

xxi. Delineate the concrete proposal regarding activities to be

undertaken under Corporate Environmental Responsibility

indicating the following:-

i) Various activities to be undertaken as per the provision of

funds.

ii) Proportionate provisions of funds

iii) The period in which CER activities is to be implemented

iv) The person (s) responsible for the implementation.

Details will be given in FEIA report.

xxii. Submit compliance w.r.t condition no. II [(i) & (ii)] subtitled as

“Air Quality Monitoring & Preservation” regarding continuous

emission monitoring system and continuous ambient air quality

monitoring as prescribed in the Standard EC conditions for

Induction/Electric Arc Furnace & Rolling Mills issued by the

MoEF&CC, New Delhi vide OM dated 09/08/2018.

Continuous emissions monitoring system shall be installed at process stacks and ambient air quality

monitoring stations shall be installed in consultation with SPCB.



liv

xxiii. Examine and submit the proposal for: -

a. Recovery of iron from slag before disposing it off.

b. Indentify the areas for utilization of slag in scientific

manner and explore its usage in cement/construction

industry/road lying etc.

c. Recovery of precious metals like Zinc, Lead and iron etc

from the APCD dust (Hazardous Waste) through

authorized re-processor.

The slag will be generated and iron recovered magnetically.

The slag will be disposed off to manufacturers of cement concrete blocks, pavers & tiles under proper

agreement.

The APCD dust will be disposed off to authorized recyclers for recovery of zinc, lead etc.

xxiv. Air Pollution Control Arrangement details shall be provided as

below:

Noted for compliance.

xxv. Submit the compliance regarding the installation of pulse jet bag

filter with offline cleaning technology as APCD with the proposed

induction furnace.

For the proposed induction furnace, pulse jet bag filter with offline cleaning technology as APCD is

proposed.

xxvi. List of species with heavy foliage, broad leaves and wide canopy

cover. The landscape planning should include plantation of native

species. Water intensive and/ or invasive species should not be

used for landscaping.

Native Species i.e. Mulberry, Poplar, Amla and Jamun and Mango will be planted in proposed green belt

area.

xxvii. The project proponent shall assess the cost of

APCD/ESP/ZLD/ETP/STP/Continuous online monitoring system

etc from reputed supplier and shall include it in the plant and

machinery/APCD cost as per quotation and EMP. Accordingly,

total project cost should be included in the EIA report. .

Noted.

xxviii. Project proponent will submit the NOC from the concerned Noted.



lv

territorial/wildlife DFO’s that no Forest/PLPA/Wildlife area are

Noted. involved, at the time of submission of EIA report.

xxix. The project proponent shall obtain permission from PWRDA for

abstraction of groundwater.

Noted

xxx. No activity other than securing the land securing the land will be

carried out in respect of the expansion component of the project

till grant of EC.

Noted


1

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY


2

1.1 Project Name and location

The proposed project i.e. M/s Aarti Steels Limited. is a Secondary Metallurgical Process based

industry. The plant is located at Village- Harian, P.O. Uppal, Machhiwara road, Tehsil- Koom

Kalan, District- Ludhiana, Punjab.

1.2 Products and capacities

The Industry has already got CTE for installation of one no. Induction Furnace of Capacity 8

TPH, Concast and a Rolling mill of capacity 1, 40,000 TPA. The existing production of

Billets/Ingot is 28000TPA and Rolled/Flats products is 1,40,000 TPA. The project is for

expansion of Billet/Ingots Manufacturing by addition of Two no. Induction Furnaces of

capacities 25 TPH each, LRF, VD, Concast and upgradation of existing Rolling Mill. Total

capacity of the project after expansion will be 2, 90,500TPA steel billets/Ingots/ rolled/flats

products.

After expansion the production details will be as under:

Product Name Existing (TPA) Additional (TPA) Total (TPA)



1.3 Land Area

The industry is having 23.22 acres or 93,970 Sqm. of land. No additional land will be required for

expansion.

1.4 Raw Material Requirement

Raw Material Existing (TPA) Additional (TPA)

Total (TPA)


30,800 2,88,750 3,19,550

Source & Mode of transport

From domestic & as well as International Markets transported

through covered trucks


3

1.5 Water Requirement

Water consumption for the unit will be make up water for cooling and for domestic purpose.

Water requirement will be met through existing tube well. The detail of water requirement is

given below:-

DESCRIPTION EXISTING

(KLD)

PROPOSED

(KLD)

TOTAL

(KLD)

Domestic 15 18 33


Total 105 545 650

1.6 Power Requirement

The Power Requirement will be met by sourcing the power from Punjab State Power

Corporation limited from nearby Sub-station. The detail of power requirement existing & after

expansion is given below:-

DESCRIPTION EXISTING PROPOSED TOTAL

Power Requirement 12MW 39MW 51MW

Source Punjab State Power Corporation Limited (P.S.P.C.L.)

1.7 Manpower Requirement

Direct Employment; for expansion additional 361 persons will be required. Total number of

manpower after expansion will be 661 no’s.


4

1.8 Flow Chart of Manufacturing Process

Raw Material

Induction Furnace

Concast Machine

Ingots/ Billets

Rolling/ Final Product

Cooling Tower

Side Suction Hood

A P C D (Bag Filter)

APCD Dust

Clean Air

Final Disposal

TSDF Site/ Disposal

Stack

51 MW Power

Make Up Water

Slag

Metal Recovery Plant

Waste Sent To Vendor for Disposal

Fugitive Emission


5

Material Balance



1

1.9 Description of Mitigation Measures

The purpose of mitigation measures is to avoid, reduce or minimize unwanted impacts on the

environment. To minimize & control the Flue Gas emission from the stack attached to furnace

& DG Set, M/s Aarti Steels Limited (Machhiwara road) has already installed separate water

scrubber with I.F & canopy with DG set. About 46.74 TPD of slag which is not a H.W will be

generated and the same after recovering of iron will be supplied to manufacturers of cement

concrete blocks, pavers & tiles under proper agreement. STP is provided for treatment of

domestic effluent. Treated effluent is used for plantation in the premises. The industry is

regularly operating and maintaining its APCD and ensuring that the emissions are adequately

collected and concentration of air pollutants in its emissions conforms to the emission standards

laid down by the board.

1.10 Cost Details

Existing cost of the project is Rs. 73 Cr. and total cost for the expansion has been estimated Rs.

130.79 Cr. The total cost of the project has been estimated as Rs. 204.04 Cr. The proposed

expansion will be done within one year after granting of Environment Clearance.

1.11 Site Details

M/s Aarti Steels Limited (Machhiwara Plant), Village-Harian, P.O. Uppal, Machhiwara road,

Tehsil- Koom Kalan, District- Ludhiana, Punjab is having its global coordinates as Latitude

30°54'27.07"N, 30°54'24.15"N, 30°54'19.62"N, 30°54'12.25"N and 30°54'12.39"N &

Longitude 76°07'48.90"E, 76°07'56.29"E, 76°08'00.67", 76°08'00.86"E and 76°07'49.99"E.

Sahnewal is the nearest city (about 16 Km). Nearest airport is Chandigarh which is at 68 km and

Ludhiana is at 17.6 km from site. No National Parks/ Wildlife Sanctuaries/ Biosphere Reserves/

Reserved Forests exist within 5 km radius of project site. There are no water bodies near project

site

1.12 Environmental Baseline Study

1.12.1 Ambient Air Quality

The PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO levels were monitored at eight locations in the study area for

three months (February-April,2021). The P98 levels of criteria pollutants are as follows: PM2.5 is

48.4μg/m3, PM10 is 88.1μg/m3, SO2 is 14.7μg/m3, NO2 is 38.4μg/m3 and CO is 0.68mg/ m3. The

baseline air quality level is within the National Ambient Air Quality Standards prescribed for



2

industrial, residential, rural & other area and also satisfies the air quality index (AQI) w.r.t. health

bracket for all the monitoring. (Standards are 60, 100, 80, 80μg/m3 and 4.0mg/m3 for PM2.5,

PM10, SO2, NOx and CO respectively). Due to better pollution abatement facilities, proposed

expansion will have insignificant impact on existing air quality.

1.12.2Water Quality

Eight groundwater samples and one surface water sample from Satluj river at 9km and Ropar

Neelon canal at located 4.2 km from project site were collected from the study area for

chemical, metallic and biological analysis. The groundwater qualities of the study area are

satisfactory as no metallic or bacterial contamination was found in the water samples. But

bacterial contamination was found in surface water. Since, no waste water will be discharged on

land, water quality is not likely to be impacted.

112.3Noise Environment

Ambient noise levels were monitored at 8 locations in the study area. Noise levels in the study

vary from 48.3 dB (A) to 70.2 dB (A) in day time and 37.5 dB (A) to 61.5 dB (A) at night. The

highest levels were observed at Project Site. The baseline noise levels are well within the

National Standards. Proposed expansion will have less impact than existing one due to better

pollution control facility.

1.12.4 Soil Quality

Eight soil samples were collected from the study area and analyzed. The texture of soil is sandy

loam. The organic matter, nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus content of the soil are moderate.

The pH of all the soil samples is within the acceptable range. No impact on soil will be there for

proposed plant as no waste will be discharged on land.

1.12.5 Ecological environment

Ecological data has been collected through secondary sources and by site visits. The tree species

Ashoka, Jamun, Peepal and Mango etc are the dominant plant species of the study area.

Mongoose, porcupine, jungle cat, cobra, krait, snakes, hare, pigeon and variety of birds are the

common animals of the study area. No endangered species of plants and animals are found in the

study area, so no impact on ecological Environment.



3

1.12.6 Sensitive Ecosystem

Within 5 km distance of the project site, no plant or animal species were found to be on the

endangered list. No ecologically sensitive area like biosphere reserve, tiger reserve, and elephant

reserve, migratory corridors of wild elephant, wetland, national park and wildlife sanctuary are

present within 5 km distance of the project site. Kahali Dum- RF, Retwali- PF, Aleta- PF, and

Bowan- PF etc are revered/protected forests present within the study area. Agriculture and

industrial workers dominate the occupation structure of the study area. Several other industries

large and small units are present in the study area.

1.12.7 Socioeconomic Condition:

Socioeconomic status has been studied through secondary sources and by site visits. The social

requirements identified such as drinking water, Promotion of Educational institutions and Medical

facilities to the villagers (especially Senior Citizens and infants or pregnant ladies). Community

centers, recreation facilities etc will be developed as part of social responsibility.

1.13 Possible Hazards & Risks from Secondary Metallurgical Industries

The various process operations, which are having potentially high risk to human exposure and

which have high levels of attention area identified in table below:

Table 1.1: Possible Risk

S.

No.

Plant Area Possible Deviation from

normal operation

Likely Causes Consequences

1 Furnace Re-circulating and cooling


with the molten iron or slag.

Leakage of water from

the walls Spurting of

metal/ slag.

Explosion under

extreme cases.

Presence of Oil & Grease

and other Impurities in raw

materials.

Negligence in material

inspection

Sudden catches

fire & flames

2 High Power

Transformer

Oil temperature being very

high.

Varying room

Temperatures.

Sudden flashing

of fire or

bursting.



4

3 High Tension

Electrical

Installation

Heavy sparking at the pot

heads and the joints.

Loose joints, cable

cut, burning of fuses,

short circuits etc.

Sparks in the

beginning,

devastating fire if

neglected.

1.14 Emergency Plan

Emergency planning is primary for the protection of plant personnel and people in nearby areas

and the environment that could be affected by unplanned hazardous events. Furnaces are

associated with fire and electrical hazard due to sudden generation of pressure or temperature

that leads to damage, injury and death. Temperature and pressure are closely related, and when

flammable or combustible material is present in process equipment it leads to worst

consequences. Thus, an engineering evaluation will be done for worst-case scenario.

1.15 CER Activities (Corporate Environmental Responsibility)

Proposed project will result in growth of the surrounding areas by increased direct and indirect

employment opportunities in the region including ancillary development and supporting

infrastructure.

1.16 Environment Monitoring Plan

Regular monitoring of all significant environmental parameters is essential to check the

compliance status vis-à-vis the environmental laws and regulation. The frequency of the

monitoring will be as follows:

The ambient Air quality shall be monitored at project site and two upward and

downstream locations once every quarter for PM2.5, PM10, NOx & SO2, and CO levels

during the Construction Phase and Operational Phase.

The Ambient Noise Levels, Water Quality, Effluent etc. shall be monitored once every six

months or as per EC conditions.

1.17 Environment Monitoring Cell (EMC)

A duly constituted EMC comprises the following:

1. Owner

2. Project Incharge

3. Environment Consultant



5

DRAFT ENVIRONMENT IMPACT

ASSESSMENT REPORT



6

CHAPTER 1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT

The proposed project of Aarti Steel Limited (ASL) is located at Village-Harian, P.O. Uppal,

Tehsil-Koom Kalan, Machhiwara Road, District-Ludhiana, Punjab. The Industry has already got

CTE for installation of one no. Induction Furnace of Capacity 8 TPH, Concast and a Rolling

mill of capacity 1, 40,000 TPA. The existing production of Billets/Ingot is 28000TPA and

Rolled/Flats products is 1,40,000 TPA. The project is for expansion of Billet/Ingots

Manufacturing by addition of Two no. Induction Furnaces of capacities 25 TPH each, LRF, VD,

Concast and upgradation of existing Rolling Mill. Total capacity of the project after expansion

will be 2, 90,500TPA steel billets/Ingots/ rolled/flats products. The plot area of the project is

23.22 Acres or 93970m2. The project cost after expansion including existing cost will be Rs

204.04 Crores.

The project falls within activity 3(a) Metallurgical Industries (ferrous & non-ferrous) & Non

Toxic Secondary Metallurgical processing industry with capacity > 30,000 TPA, so the project

is to be treated as Category ‘B1’, as per MoEFCC OM dated 24th December,2013, and its

Environment Clearance is to be accorded by the SEIAA, MoEF & CC, Punjab. TOR were

issued vide reference number SEIAA/M.S/2021/4007 on dated 04/05/2021 for the preparation

of EIA report with a condition to conduct Public Hearing, this draft EIA-EMP has therefore

been prepared.

1.2 IDENTIFICATION OF THE PROJECT & PROJECT PROPONENT

1.2.1 Identification of the Project


Tehsil-Koom Kalan, Machhiwara Road, District-Ludhiana, Punjab. The Industry has already got

CTE for installation of one no. Induction Furnace of Capacity 8 TPH, Concast and a Rolling

mill of capacity 1, 40,000 TPA. The existing production of Billets/Ingot is 28000TPA and

Rolled/Flats products is 1,40,000 TPA. The project is for expansion of Billet/Ingots

Manufacturing by addition of Two no. Induction Furnaces of capacities 25 TPH each, LRF, VD,

Concast and upgradation of existing Rolling Mill. Total capacity of the project after expansion

will be 2, 90,500TPA steel billets/Ingots/ rolled/flats products. The plot area of the project is

23.22 Acres or 93970m2. The project cost after expansion including existing cost will be Rs



7

204.04 Crores. No additional land is required for expansion.

1.2.2 Project Proponent

Aarti Group of Companies was incorporated in the year 1977 with its Plant and Head office at

Ludhiana, Punjab. Since 1979 the company has been producing Carbon Steel, Spring Steel and

Alloy Steels conforming to National and International specification through a dedicated route of

steel making i.e. Electric Arc Furnace - Secondary Refining - Vacuum Degassing – Concast

with Electro Magnetic Stirring and other modern Casting practices at their Ludhiana and

Ghantikhal plants. The products are being used by Automobile Sector, Railways and Govt.

Institutions apart from being exported to various countries.

While the group has expanded manifold in steel and yarn business, it has never ignored its

duties towards the nation. The group operates Deepak Memorial Hospital (located in Ludhiana)

which is Multi-specialty, 100% charitable Hospital with 24x7 medical emergency facilities. The

group also has a Cinema, which has been a constant source of entertainment to the residents of

Ludhiana.

Promoter’s Background:

Mr. Shiv Parshad Mittal:

The company is promoted by Mr. Shiv Parshad Mittal and his family members in 1979. Mr.

Mittal is Group Chairman and Managing Director in Aarti International Limited. Mr. Mittal is

having six decades of experience in steel business.

Mr. Mahesh Mittal:

The Steel business of the company is managed by Mr. Mahesh Mittal son of Shri Shiv Parshad

Mittal. Mr. Mahesh Mittal is having 35 years of experience in steels business. He has

successfully implemented Steel Rolling Mill and Steel Wire plant in Ludhiana. He looks after

all the production and marketing function of Ludhiana Steel Division of the Company.

Mr. Rajeev Mittal:

Mr. Rajeev Mittal son of Shri Shiv Parshad Mittal is having 33 years of experience in steels

business. He has successfully implemented Cuttack plant having manufacturing facilities of

Sponge Iron, Ferro Alloys, Steel Billets and captive Power Plants. He looks after all the

production and marketing function of Cuttack Steel Division of the Company.



8

Mr. Vinayak Mittal:

The Textile business of the group is managed by Mr. Vinayak Mittal son of Shri Mahesh Mittal.

Mr. Vinayak is having 10 years of experience in textile business. He also looks after Steel Wire

business of Ludhiana Division.

Mr. Sushen Mittal:

The Cuttack Steel Plant is managed by Mr. Sushen Mittal son of Shri Rajiv Mittal. Mr. Sushen

has rejoined his family business after a 3-year master degree in business from London Business

School. He also looks after HR Function of the Group.

1.3 BRIEF DESCRIPTION

1.3.1 Nature of the project

Metals can be broadly classified into two categories, ‘ferrous’ and ‘non-ferrous’ metals based on

characteristics and quality of metal. The metallurgical processes of ferrous and non-ferrous

metals can be broadly divided into primary and secondary based on the raw materials and the

method of processing.

M/s Aarti Steels Limited (Machhiwara Plant) is a non toxic, secondary metallurgical process

based industry. The raw material (MS Scrap and Ferro Alloys) are processed through

conventional I.F route.

1.3.2 Size of the project

The current proposal of the project is expansion of the already established secondary

metallurgical plant and purpose to enhance the capacity in the existing land of 23.22 acres or

93970m2. The capacity of unit after expansion will be 2,90,500 TPA of steel billets/Ingots/

rolled/flats products.

1.3.3 Location of the project

M/s Aarti Steels Ltd (Machhiwara Plant) at Village- Harian, P.O. Uppal, Machhiwara road,


30°52'27.07"N; 30°54'24.15"N, 30°54'19.62"N; 30°54'12.25" N, 30°54'12.39"N & Longitude

76°07’48.90"E; 76°07’56.29"E, 76°08’00.67"E; 76°08’00.86"E, 76°07’49.99"E . Ludhiana is

the nearest city and the nearest railway Airport (about 17.6 km in south west direction from

site). Nearest Railway station is Sahnewal which is at 16 km in South west direction from site.



9

No National Parks/ Wildlife Sanctuaries/ Biosphere Reserves/ Reserved Forests exist within 10

km radius of project site. Location map is provided at Fig 1.1 and Map showing study area at

Fig 1.2. The project details are summarized below in Table 1.1. The global coordinates of the

project site is given as:

Coordinates of the Project Site

Latitude Longitude

30°54'27.07"N 76°07’48.90"E

30°54'24.15"N 76°07’56.29"E

30°54'19.62"N 76°08’00.67"E

30°54'12.25"N 76°08’00.86"E

30°54'12.39"N 76°07’49.99"E

Table 1.1 Project Details

S.No. PARTICULARS EXISTING PROPOSED TOTAL A. PROPOSED CAPACITY OF FURNACES & ROLLING MILLS 1. Induction Furnace 1X8 TPH 2X25 TPH 1X8 TPH

2X25 TPH





B. PRODUCTS (TPA)

1. Steel Billets/ Ingots 28,000 2,62,500 2,90,500

2. Rolled / Flats Products 1,40,000 1,50,500 2,90,500

C. RAW MATERIAL (TPA)


30,800 2,88,750 3,19,550

D. GENERALS

1. Project Cost (Crores) ₹ 73.25 ₹ 130.79 ₹ 204.04

2. Land 93,970 m2 --- 93,970 m2

3. Power (MW) 12 39 51

4. Manpower (Nos.) 300 361 661

5. Working days 350 working days in year-round the clock



10

Location of Punjab State at Political Map of India Location of District on Punjab Map

Location of Project Site on District Map Location of Project Site on Google Earth Map

Fig 1.1 Google Location of the Project Site



11

Fig 1.2 Map showing Study Area and Project Site



12

1.3.4 Importance of the Project to the Country, Region

Steel plays a vital role in accelerating growth and development of a nation. It is considered as

backbone of human civilization as it is used as a basic material in manufacturing of metal

products, electrical machinery, transport equipment, textile, etc. In 2019, India became 2nd

largest producer of steel of the world after China. India surpassed Japan to become the world’s

second largest steel producer in 2019 with crude steel production of 111.2 million tonnes

(MT). The growth in the Indian steel sector has been driven by domestic availability of raw

materials such as iron ore and cost-effective labor. Consequently, the steel sector has been a

major contributor to India’s manufacturing output. India’s crude steel output grew 10.7 per

cent year-on-year to 25.76 million tons (MT) during January-March 2017. India’s crude steel

output during April 2017 grew by 5.4 per cent year-on-year to 8.107 MT. India’s finished steel

exports rose 102.1 per cent to 8.24 MT, while imports fell by 36.6 per cent to 7.42 MT in

2016-17. India’s steel exports rose 142 per cent in April 2017 to 747,000 tons over April 2016,

while imports fell by 23 per cent to 504,000 tons in April 2017 over April 2016. Total

consumption of finished steel grew by 3.4 per cent year-on-year at 6.015 MT during April

2017 (Source: Indian Brand Equity Foundation).

Government has taken various steps to boost the sector including the introduction of National

Steel Policy 2017 and allowing 100 per cent Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the steel sector

under the automatic route. According to the data released by Department for Promotion of

Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT), Indian metallurgical industries attracted Foreign Direct

Investment (FDI) to the tune of US$ 13.40 billion between April 2000–March 2020.

The Government’s National Steel Policy 2017 aims to increase the per capita steel

consumption to 160 Kgs by 2030-31. The Government has also promoted policy which

provides a minimum value addition of 15 per cent in notified steel products covered under

preferential procurement.

For a developing country like India, Iron & Steel Industry has a private role to play as a pre-

requisite for industrial, construction and infrastructural development. As per report of World

Steel Association (WSI), India has surpassed US and became third largest producer of Steel.

The region will be benefited by:

Economic upliftment of suppressed class

Bridging demand –supply gap



13

Infrastructural development of the area

Employment to locals

Revenue to state exchequer

1.4 Scope of the study

This study contains information on the Environmental factors viz-a-viz contribution of pollution

by the proposed unit. These factors include air, water, noise, health, socio economic, land use

and agricultural pattern etc. It discusses the predicted impact of the proposed plant activities on

these factors. Broadly under the scope it is envisaged:

To assess the present status of air, water, land, noise, biological & socio economic

components of environment.

To identify, quantify & evaluate positive or negative impacts of various operations on

different environmental components.

To evaluate proposed pollution control measures and to suggest additional control

strategies, if any, to mitigate the adverse impacts.

To identify risk factors & suggest their mitigation including occupational health of the

workers.

To prepare Environmental Management Plan for utilization and adoption of safety

measures.

To delineate future Environmental quality monitoring programme.

To identify the needs of the study area and suggest supportive measures under

Corporate Social Responsibility.

1.4.1 Methodology

Various steps involved in Environmental Impact Assessment study of the proposed project are

divided into the following phases:

Identification of significant environmental parameters and to study the existing status

within the impact zone with respect to air, water, noise, soil and socio economic

components of the environment.

Study of various activities of the proposed project for manufacture of final product and

to identify the areas leading to impact/change in environmental quality.

Identification/prediction of impacts for the identified activities and to study levels of

impacts on various environmental components.



14

Evaluation of final levels of various parameters after superimposing the predicted

impacts over the baseline quality.

Formulation of Environmental management plan for implementation in the proposed

project.



15

CHAPTER 2.0

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 TYPE OF PROJECT


Tehsil-Koom Kalan, Machhiwara Road, District-Ludhiana, Punjab. The Industry has already

got CTE for installation of one no. Induction Furnace of Capacity 8 TPH, Concast and a

Rolling mill of capacity 1, 40,000 TPA. The existing production of Billets/Ingot is 28000TPA

and Rolled/Flats products is 1,40,000 TPA. The project is for expansion of Billet/Ingots

Manufacturing by addition of Two no. Induction Furnaces of capacities 25 TPH each, LRF,

VD, Concast and upgradation of existing Rolling Mill. Total capacity of the project after

expansion will be 2, 90,500TPA steel billets/Ingots/ rolled/flats products. The plot area of the

project is 23.22 Acres or 93970m2. The project cost after expansion including existing cost will

be Rs 204.04 Crores.

The project falls within activity 3(a) Metallurgical Industries (ferrous & non-ferrous) & Non

Toxic Secondary Metallurgical processing industry with capacity > 30,000 TPA, so the project

is to be treated as Category ‘B1’, as per MoEFCC OM dated 24th December,2013, and its

Environment Clearance is to be accorded by the SEIAA, MoEF & CC, Punjab. TOR were

issued vide reference number SEIAA/M.S/2021/4007 on dated 04/05/2021 for the preparation

of EIA report with a condition to conduct Public Hearing, this draft EIA-EMP has therefore

been prepared.

2.2 NEED FOR THE PROJECT

Metals constitute a key input to other manufacturing sectors like engineering, electrical and

electronics, automobile and automobile components, packaging and infrastructure. The

performance of the metal sectors hence a reflection of the overall economy. The outlook for the

metal sector in India is bright. Sustained growth is expected across all key segments, aided by

several factors, such as growing domestic demand, investment in capacity addition, increasing

supply deficit in other countries and favorable government regulations. In order to cater to

growing need of steel/ sponge iron in this competitive scenario. M/s Aarti Steels Limited

(Machhiwara Plant) has identified this opportunity and has decided to become a competitive

leader in boosting field of metallurgical sector.



16

2.3 LOCATION

The proposed project site is located at Village Harian, P.O. Uppal, Machhiwara road, Tehsil-

Koom Kalan, District- Ludhiana, Punjab. No Protected forest, Reserve forest, ecologically

sensitive area, National Park, Biosphere Reserve & Bird Sanctuary are found with-in 10 km

radius of the project site. It is well connected by road. It is well connected by road. Location at

Google image is given at Fig 2.1, 500 m radius map shown at Fig 2.2, and layout & pillar

coordinate of project site is shown at Fig 2.3 & 2.4. Master Plan of Project site is attached as

Fig 2.5. Salient feature of the project is given at Table 2.1.

Chandigarh Pollution Testing Laboratory- EIA Division (QCI/ NABET Certificate No: NABET/EIA/1619/SA 057)


17

Fig 2.1 Google Imagery Location of Project Site



18

Fig 2.2 500m radius Google Earth Map



19

Figure 2.3 Pillar Co-ordinate Map



20

Figure-2.4 Layout Plan



21

Figure-2.5 Location on Master Plan of Samrala



22

Table 2.1 Salient Features of the Project

S. No. Particulars Details

A. LOCATION DETAILS

1. LOCATION

a Village/ Town/Plot No. Harian

b Tehsil Koom Kalan

c District Ludhiana

d State Punjab

e Latitude A-30°54'27.07"N; B-30°54'24.15"N

C-30°54'19.62"N; D-30°54'12.25"N

E-30°54'12.39"N

f Longitude A-76°07’48.90"E; B-76°07’56.29"E

C-76°08’00.67"E; D-76°08’00.86"E

E-76°07’49.99"E

2. Topo-sheet No. H43K1

3. Project Area Total Area –23.22 acres or 9.397 hectare or 93970m2

B. PRODUCTION CAPACITY Existing: Steel Billets/Ingots : 28, 000 TPA Rolled Flats/ Products : 1,40,000TPA

Proposed: Steel Billets/Ingots : 2,62,500 TPA Rolled Flats/ Products : 1,50,500TPA

After Expansion: Steel Billets/Ingots : 2,90,500 TPA Rolled Flats/ Products : 2,90,500 TPA

C. ENVIRONMENTAL SETTINGS

1. Nearest Village Harian-474m North side

2. Nearest City Ludhiana, approx. 25 km in W direction from the project site

3. National Highway / State Highway/

Express Highway

NATIONAL HIGHWAY-5 LUDHIANA-KHARAR is approx. 6.2 km in SE direction from the project site.



23

4. Nearest Railway Station Sahnewal railway, approx. 16 km in South West direction from the project site

5. Nearest Airport CHANDIGARH: - Airport approx. 68 km in south east direction from the project site. LUDHIANA: - Airport approx. 17.6 km in south west direction from the project site.

6. National Parks/ Wild Life Sanctuaries/

Biosphere Reserves within 10 km

radius

Nil

7. Reserved / Protected Forest within 10

km radius (Boundary to boundary

distance)

No, Reserved Forests exists within 10 km

radius.

8. Nearest water bodies SATLUJ RIVER-9KM North side ROPAR-NEELON CANAL- 4.2KM South side

9. Source of Water Ground water tube-well

10. Seismic Zone Zone – IV

D. COST DETAILS

1. Capital Cost of the project (after

expansion)

₹ 204.04 Cr (After expansion)

2. Total cost for Environmental

Management Plan (EMP)

₹ 9.0 Cr.



24

2.4 SIZE OR MAGNITUDE OF OPERATION

2.4.1 Proposed Product Details

The proposed steel manufacturing plant after expansion will have Induction furnaces of capacity

2X25 TPH, 8 TPH, LRF of 30TpH, upgradation of Rolling mill & CCM. The production details

will be as under:


Product Name Existing (TPA) Proposed (TPA) Total (TPA)



2.4.2 Raw Materials

The raw materials and finished goods will be transported through trucks. There is well developed

road structure on Kohara- Machhiwara road well as within premises also. No additional road

infrastructure will be required for transportation. The raw material details are given as under:

2.4.3 Land Description

The total land of 23.22 Acres or 93,970m2 is available for the existing project and its expansion.

Further, the proposed expansion will be carried out in existing land only. Thus, no additional land

is required for the proposed expansion.

2.4.4 Water Requirement

Water consumption for the unit will be making up water for cooling and for domestic purpose.

Water requirement will be met through existing tube well. The detail of water requirement is given

below:-

Raw Material Existing (TPA) Proposed (TPA) Total (TPA)

MS Scrap, CI, Sponge Iron,

Ferro Alloys

30,800 2,88,750 3,19,550

Source & Transport Local & International Markets & transport through covered Trucks.



25

DESCRIPTION EXISTING (KLD) PROPOSED (KLD) TOTAL (KLD)

Domestic 15 18 33


Total 105 545 650

Green area water demand

Summer (KLD) Winter (KLD) Rainy (KLD) 172 56 16

Sources of water:

S. No. Purposes Source of water 1. Domestic Own tubewell 2. Make-up water demand for cooling Own tubewell 3. Green area water demand Treated waste water

Figure-2.6(a) water Balance (summer)



26

Figure-2.7 (b) Water Balance (Winter)

Figure-2.7 (c) Water Balance (Rainy)



27

2.4.5 Power Requirement

The Power Requirement will be met by sourcing the power from Punjab State Power Corporation

Limited from nearby Sub-station. The detail of power requirement existing & after expansion is

given below:-

Power requirement along with source is given below:-

DESCRIPTION EXISTING (MW) PROPOSED (MW) TOTAL (MW)

Power 12 39 51


2.4.6 Manpower Requirement

The proposed project shall generate direct employment for additional 361 persons as per the details

below:

Sr. No

Designation

No. of Persons Shift-01 Shift-02 Shift-03 Total

ROLLING SECTION 01 Manager 2 -- 02 02 Clerical staff 10 -- 10 03 Supervisors 03 03 03 06 04 Foreman 01 -- 01 05 Sr. Fitter 01 01 01 03 06 Fitters 03 03 03 09 07 Pulpit Operator 05 05 05 15 08 Crane Operator 04 04 02 10 09 Welder 01 01 01 03 10 Turner 03 03 06 11 Shaper man 01 01 -- 02 12 Blacksmith 01 01 02 13 Helper 07 07 07 21 14 Tong man 04 04 04 12 15 Billet cutting

man 05 05 05 15

16 Rolled product cutting man

05 05 05 15

19 Electricians 02 02 02 06 20 QCD

Engineers/Staff 05 05 02 12

Total 150



28

FURNACE SECTION 01 Manager 04 04 02 Engineers 05 05 05 15 03 Shift Incharge 03 03 03 09 Charging

supervisor 01 01 01 03

04 Melter 03 03 03 09 05 First Hand 04 04 04 12 06 Bariman 04 04 04 12 07 Helper 25 25 25 75 08 Fitters 02 02 02 06 09 Welders 04 04 04 12 10 Electrical Engg 01 01 01 03 11 Electronic Engg 01 01 01 03 12 Electricians 02 02 02 06 13 Crane Operator 10 10 10 30 14 Tee merman 01 01 01 03 15 Laddle man 01 01 01 03 16 mason 01 01 01 03 17 VD Operator 01 01 01 03 Total 211 GRAND TOTAL 361

The required manpower for the proposed expansion can be classified into categories such as

managerial, supervisory, highly skilled, skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled. The direct employment

figure presented above is for the regular plant operations at full capacity.ASL have informed that

their present direct employment is 300 persons. With the above addition, total Employment after

Expansion will be 661persons.

2.4.7 Major Equipments & Machineries

The following are the major equipments & machineries used in proposed manufacturing unit:

S. No.



2X25 TPH




29

2.5 PROPOSED SCHEDULE FOR APPROVAL AND IMPLEMENTATION

The proposed expansion will be completed within one year after granting of Environment

Clearance.

2.6 TECHNOLOGY AND PROCESS DESCRIPTION

The industry produces ingots from melting MS scrap. All operations are carried out in batch

process. The brief description is as follow.

MS Scrap is put into the induction furnace pot through magnetic conveying system, where it is

heated to 1800 0C. Scrap is melted and is heated for about 100 minutes. In the molten steel some

ferro alloys are added according to the carbon contents in the scrap. The molten steel is then put

into the moulds. The molten steel is fed to Concast (CCM) leading to the formation of

Billets/Ingots which are hot rolled through Rolling Mill to make the desired products. The process

flow chart of manufacturing process and material balance is given Figure 2.7 & Fig. 2.8.





B. PRODUCTS (TPA)

1. Steel Billets/ Ingots 28,000 2,62,500 2,90,500

2. Rolled / Flats Products 1,40,000 1,50,500 2,90,500

C. RAW MATERIAL (TPA)


30,800 2,88,750 3,19,550

D. GENERALS

1. Project Cost (Crores) ₹ 73.25 ₹ 130.79 ₹ 204.04

2. Land 93,970 m2 --- 93,970 m2

3. Power (MW) 12 39 51

4. Manpower (Nos.) 300 361 661

5. Working days 350 working days in year-round the clock


30

Fig 2.7: Flow Chart of Manufacturing Process

RAW MATERIAL

INDUCTION FURNACE

CONCAST MACHINE

INGOTS/ BILLETS

ROLLING/ FINAL PRODUCT

COOLING TOWER

SIDE SUCTION HOOD

A P C D (BAG FILTER)

APCD DUST

CLEAN AIR

FINAL DISPOSAL TSDF SITE

STACK

51KW POWER

MAKE UP WATER

SLAG

METAL RECOVERY PLANT

WASTE SENT TO VENDOR FOR DISPOSAL

FUGITIVE EMISSION



31

Figure 2.9 Material Balance



32

Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) as devised by PPCB for operation and maintenance of

APCD installed on I.F shall be followed.

During Charging & melting

- Scrap will be segregated for explosives and closed containers.

- The segregated scrap will be freed from oil, paint and grease by charging the same to I.F.

maintained at 3000C and passing the volatile emission through bag filter via suction hood with

adequate suction.

- The scrap will be cut to size less than the size of crucible.

- No overcharging of furnace will be practiced and dense charge as for as practicable will be

charged.

Air Pollution Control

- Bag filters with pulse jet filtration will be used.

- Rotator air lock will be operated for collection of dust from hopper.

Maintenance of bag filter

- The pressure drop across the bags will be maintained with U- tube manometer and maintained

3-6’’ (76-152mm).

- Maintained schedule shall be strictly followed and remained maintained.

Temperature

- The temperature of flue gas will be maintained between 100-1200C by proper cooling.

Compressor

- For pulse jet of air, a compressor capable of delivering compressed air of pressure 6-7 kg/cm2

shall be provided. The air will be frees of oil and moisture. Recommendation of manufacturer

should be followed.

Fan Maintenance

Shall be carried out as per the maintenance schedule



33

2.7 DESCRIPTION OF MITIGATION MEASURES


environment. To minimize & control the emission from I.F, the exhaust after suction through side

suction hood is passed through spark arrestor, air cooling and finally bag filters before its discharge

to atmosphere. DG set is fitted with a canopy and adequate stack to take care of noise and

particulate & gaseous emission. About 46.74 TPD of slag which is not a H.W will be generated

and the same after recovering of iron will be supplied to manufacturers of cement concrete blocks,

pavers & tiles under proper agreement. Treated waste water from STP will be used for plantation

within the industrial premises. Hazardous waste generated (0.03kl/annum) from DG sets in the

form of used oil will be sold to authorized recyclers. About 4.26 ton/day APCD dust will be also

covered under hazardous waste and sent to M/S Madhav Alloys (P) Limited or TSDF site Nimbuan

Dera Bassi for final disposal.

The following are the required details for the existing & proposed facility:

Facilities

S.No. Source Existing After Expansion APCD

1. Induction Furnace 1X8 TPH 1X8 TPH

2X25 TPH

Pulse jet back filter with

offline technology

2. Laddle Refining

Furnace

Nil 30 TPH Pulse jet back filter with

offline technology

3. Rolling Mill 01 no. 01 (Upgradation) Alkali Scrubber

4. Concast 01 No. 01 NO. --

5. Vacuum Degasser

(VD)

Nil 01 No. --

6. D.G. Sets 2x1500KVA ---

Effluents

S.No. Description Existing After Expansion Mitigation

Measures/Remarks



34

1. Industrial Effluent NIL NIL No generation of

industrial effluent

2. Domestic 14.4 KLD 26.90 KLD STP of 30 KLD will be

installed & treated water

used in Plantation/Green

area

Hazardous Waste

S.No. Waste Category After Expansion Disposal

1. 35.1

Flue gas Cleaning

residue

4.26 TPD

Will be sent to TSDF site or M/s Madhav alloys for final disposal

2. Used Oil 0.03 kl/annum will be sold to authorized recyclers

Table 2.2 Quantity of Solid/Hazardous waste

S.No. Type of waste

Source of Waste Quantity Category of waste

DISPOSAL Existing After

expansion

1

Slag Melting of Steel (IF) 3.96TPD 46.74TPD Non-

Hazardous Sent to

cement plant for reuse

2 APCD DUST

IF

0.44TPD 3.44TPD Hazardous Send to TSDF site/Madhav Alloys

LRF

Nil 0.82TPD Hazardous



35

Table 2.3 Details of STACK

PARTICULARS CAPACITY FUEL USED STACK

HEIGHT APCD

INDUCTION FURNACE 8TPH

ELECTRICITY

40mtr

BAG FILTERS

INDUCTION FURNACE 25TPH ELECTRICITY 40mtr BAG FILTERS


LRF 30 TPH ELECTRICITY 35mtr BAG FILTERS

Rolling Mill 35 TPH FO (120lt/hrs) 35mt Alkali Scrubber

DG SET STACK-1 1500 KVA DIESEL @300Ltr/Hr

25mtr Noise less


25mtr Noise less

Table 2.3 Details of APCD

Sl. No.

APCD Location Volume of Flue gases m3/h

Power Existing

After Expansion

1

Bag Filters

Induction Furnace 8TPH 40,000 NA 100KW

Induction Furnace 25TPH NA 1,20,000

300KW

Induction Furnace 25TPH NA 1,20,000

300KW

Ladle Refining Furnace 30TPH

NA 40,000 100KW



36

CHAPTER 3.0

DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT

3.1.1 Study Area

As a precursor for the prediction of various types of environmental impacts likely to arise due to

implementation of the project, it is essential to establish the baseline environmental setting of the

physical, natural and socio-cultural environmental parameters along the project and within the

project influence area. Details of the baseline environmental parameters are required for decision

making for the project design, implementation and operation from the environmental point of

views. The data is to be generated through primary data collection (direct monitoring) and

secondary sources (published data).

This chapter incorporates the description of existing environmental status in an area encompassed

within 10 km radius around the proposed expansion of existing steel manufacturing unit.

Details showing all Ecosensitive area & environmentally sensitive places provided in Table-3.0

and Figure 3.0

Table-3.0

Ecosensitive Area around 10km radius of Study area

Environmental Features Description (Name) Distance from Project Site

National Park/ Wildlife

Sanctuaries/Biosphere

Reserves/Tiger

Reserves/Migratory Corridors;

Migratory routes etc

Nil There is no National Park/ Wildlife

sanctuaries/Biosphere Reserves/Tiger

Reserves/Migratory Corridors; Migratory

routes etc within 10 km radius of study

area.

Historical Places/Places of

Tourist/ Archeological site

Nil There is no Historical Places/Places of

Tourist/ Archeological site within 10km

radius of study area.

Industrial Areas/Cluster

(Reference MoEF & CC OM

dated 13th Jan,2010

Rural Focal Point The project is in rural focal point.

Defence installation Nil There is no Defence installation within



37

10km radius of study area.

Nearest village Harian 474m North side

Reserved/Protected Forest Nil There is no reserved/protected forest

within 10 km radius from the project site Water Body Sidhwan canal SATLUJ RIVER-9KM North side

ROPAR-NEELON CANAL- 4.2KM

South side

Major Crops Wheat, Cotton, Rice,

Maize

Nearest Airport CHANDIGARH: Airport approx. 68 km in south east direction from the project site.

LUDHIANA Airport approx. 17.6 km in south west direction from the project site.

Nearest Rail head Sahnewal Approx. 16 km in South West direction from the project site

National Highway/SH NH-5 Ludhiana- Kharar

Approx. 6.2 km in SE direction from the project site.

Nearest City Ludhiana Approx. 25 km in W direction from the project site

3.1.2 Study Period

The baseline environmental monitoring for the expansion project has been collected from February

to April, 2021. Initially, a reconnaissance survey of the study area was carried out for monitoring

station selection and then field monitoring for measuring primary data was carried out following

CPTLE/QSPM-06/01–CPTLE/QSPM-06/09 as per the QMS of the organization. In addition,

certain aspects like land area, socio-economic status, past meteorological conditions, etc., have

been analyzed based on secondary information available from sources like district census reports,

district gazetteers, Indian meteorological department, etc. The baseline status of various

environmental components is described in the succeeding sections.

3.1.3 Components of Study

The main objectives of describing the environment, which may be potentially affected, are (i) to

assess present environmental quality and the environmental impacts and (ii) to identify

environmentally significant factors that could preclude project development.



38

This chapter contains information on environmental scenario for the following parameters.

1. Land Environment

2. Meteorology

3. Air Environment

4. Noise Environment

5. Water Environment

6. Soil Environment

7. Biological Environment

8. Socio-economic Environment

3.1.4 Methodology

For the present study, all the sampling locations are marked with the help of Google maps and site

visits. The land use/ land cover map has been generated on 1:50,000 scale using Satellite imagery

and ground truth information. The baseline environmental quality has been assessed during

January to March, 2020. Samples of Air, Water, Noise and Soil from the site and nearby areas have

been collected and analyzed for the study of existing condition. The baseline data is generated

through field study within the impact zone for various components of the environment viz. Air,

Noise, Water, Land, Ecology and Socio-economic. While generating the baseline status of physical

and biological environment of the study area, the concept of impact zone has been considered. The

impact zone selection is based on preliminary screening and modeling studies. The methodologies

for various environmental facets are as follows:

1. Meteorological Data

Meteorological data of project site has been used for the study and for reference a secondary data

was obtained from Indian Meteorological Department (IMD). The important parameters

considered are temperature, humidity, wind speed, wind direction and rainfall.

2. Ambient Air Quality

The guidelines for selections of ambient air monitoring stations and analysis of air pollutants as

given in IS – 5182 part 14, 2000 (Guidelines for planning the sampling of atmosphere) and

‘Guidelines for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring’ by CPCB respectively were followed.



39

3. Water Quality

Grab sampling was done for ground and surface water. Water samples were taken as per the

Standard Methods (IS 10500: 2012 & APHA, 23rd Edition). Necessary precautions were taken

during sampling and preservation of samples.

4. Noise Quality

At each station noise level was monitored for day and night once in a season as per IS 9989:1981.

As sensitive receptors are the prime consideration for sound levels, the monitoring locations are the

same as those decided for ambient air quality monitoring.

5. Soil Quality

For soil, augur method was used and samples were collected at 15-25 cm depth after removing the

upper crust.

6. Geology and Hydrogeology

Field survey has been conducted to verify secondary data.

7. Land Use

The land use/ land cover map has been generated on 1:50,000 scale using Satellite imagery and

ground truth information.


Primary and secondary data collection has been carried out by the Ecology and Biodiversity

expert/ team for the study of flora and fauna in the core and buffer zone.

9. Socio Economic Environment

For demography and socioeconomics, secondary data block wise data has been collected and used

for the assessment of impacts. Field survey has been conducted to verify secondary data.

3.2 ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE DATA COLLECTION

Baseline data for the proposed plant has been collected in summer season. Primary data has been

collected by monitoring & surveying of various environmental components/ parameters, as per

detail given in Table – 3.1.



40

Table-3.1 Primary Data

S. NO. PARAMETERS DESCRIPTION

1 Meteorology Meteorological parameters on hourly basis at project site. Parameters:

Temperature, Relative humidity, Wind Speed & Wind Direction.

2 Air Ambient air quality monitoring (24 hourly), twice a week. Parameters are

PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2 & CO.

No. of Locations: 8 locations in core and buffer zone.

3 Noise Noise level monitoring (Day & Night time), once in a season.


4 Water Ground water sampling, once in a season.


Tested for physical and chemical parameters.

5 Soil Soil sampling, once in a season.


6 Biological Factors Biodiversity survey, once in a season.

Location: Core and buffer zone.

7 Socio-economic

Environment

Socio-economic survey, once in a season.

Location: Core and buffer zone.



41

3.3 METEOROLOGY

3.3.1 Climatic conditions

The climate of the district is characterized by dryness except a brief spell of monsoon season in a

very hot summer and a bracing winter. The cold season extends from mid November to the early

part of March. The succeeding period up-to the end of June is the hot season. July, August and half

of September constitute the southwest monsoon. The period from mid September to mid

November is considered as post monsoon. June is generally the hottest month. Hot and scorching

dust laden winds blow during summer season. The project zone lies in the sub tropical region with

four distinct seasons;

Winter – November to February

Summer – March to June

Monsoon – July to Mid September

Post Monsoon – Mid September to mid November

In order to study the meteorology of the project area, site specific summer season meteorological

data was collected. Annual Weather Averages is provided at figure no. 3.1. Windrose diagram for

whole year and study period is provided at Fig 3.2 (a) and Fig 3.2 (b) respectively.

3.3.2 Temperature

May and June are the hottest months with daily average temperature going up to 40°C and

minimum average daily temperature as 24°C. Hot scorching dust laden winds blow during the

summer season and on individual day the temperature sometimes goes up-to 45°C to 47°C. With

the on-set of monsoon in July there is appreciable drop in temperature but due to increased

moisture in the air the weather becomes uncomfortable. After monsoon in September the night

temperature drops appreciably. December and January are the coldest months when the maximum

average daily temperature is around 22°C and minimum about 6°C. The yearly variation is from

4.0°C min to 45°C max. Monthly average temperatures and rainfall of the area are given in Table

3.2.



42

3.3.3 Rainfall

The normal annual rainfall of the district is 680 mm which is unevenly distributed over the area in

34 days. The south west monsoon sets in from last week of June and withdraws in end of

September, contributory about 78% of annual rainfall. July and August are the wettest months.

Rest 22% rainfall is received during non-monsoon period in the wake of western disturbances and

thunder storms. Generally, rainfall in the district increases from southwest to northeast.

Figure 3.1 Monthly averages Temperature (ºC) & Rainfall (mm)

3.3.4 Micro-Meteorology at Site

Meteorological station was set-up at site to record surface meteorological parameter during the

study period.

Summary of the micro-meteorology at site is given below.

Table 3.2 Annual weather average of Ludhiana district

Month Temperature(oC) Relative Humidity (%)

Max. Min. Average

January, 2020 18.9°C 6.7°C 54%

February, 2020 21°C 8.5°C 56%

March, 2020 26°C 12.8°C 62%



43

Fig. 3.2 (a) Wind Rose Diagram for Study Period

(Software name: - Pavanaarekh)



44

Fig. 3.2 (b) Wind Rose Diagram for whole year including study period

(Software name: - Pavanaarekh)



45

3.4 Ambient Air Quality

The ambient air quality monitoring was done to assess the current status of air quality in the study

area. Monitoring was carried out at eight stations for February- April, 2021. The guidelines for

selections of ambient air monitoring stations given in IS – 5182 part 14, 2000 and ‘CPCB

guidelines for air quality monitoring’ were followed. These guidelines state that, “when the

objective of air sampling is to identify the contribution from specific sources of pollution, the

sampling locations should be located in upwind and the downwind direction of such sources”.

The ambient air quality monitoring locations were selected considering the following criterion:

1. Location of sensitive receptors such as reserved forests, national parks, hospitals,

archaeological sites, etc. in the vicinity of the study area.

2. The site should be representative of the area selected;

3. Topography of the study area.

4. The stations should be selected in a way so as to yield data that can be compared with another;

5. Certain physical requirements (electricity and other logistics) should be satisfied at the site.

3.4.1 Methodology

The prime objective of the baseline study with respect to ambient air quality is to establish the

present air quality and its conformity to National Ambient Air Quality Standards. This data has

been further used during impact assessment to predict the final air quality. This section describes

the sampling locations, frequency of sampling and methodology adopted for monitoring ambient

air quality.

To quantify the impact of the project on the ambient air quality, it is necessary first to evaluate the

existing ambient air quality of the area. The existing ambient air quality, in terms of Particulate

Matter (Size <10µm) or PM10, Particulate Matter (Size <2.5 µm) or PM2.5, Sulphur-di-oxide (SO2),

Oxides of Nitrogen (as NO2), and Carbon Monoxide (CO), has been measured through a planned

field monitoring.

3.4.2 Sampling Stations

To select the air sampling locations, meteorological data with respect to temperature, relative

humidity, wind speed and direction plays a vital role. Predominant wind direction plays an

important role in determining location of monitoring stations. List of Air monitoring location is



46

given in Table 3.3. Toposheet demarcating the location is given at Figure 3.3. Ambient air

abstract is given at Table 3.4

Table 3.3

Ambient Air Monitoring Stations

Name of Village/ Location

Distance from the Plant (Km)

Direction w.r.t. Plant

Justification for the Selection

AAQ-1 Project Site -- -- Represent the project site AAQ -2 Takhran

2 S Downwind direction of the project

site.

This station’s AAQ data captures the baseline for residential area.

AAQ -3 Macchiwara 4.8 E Crosswind direction of the project site.

This station’s AAQ data captures the baseline for residential and Industrial area.

AAQ -4 Mughlewal 8.4 N Upwind direction of the project site. This station’s AAQ data captures the

baseline for residential and Industrial area. And located in vicinity of the project site.

AAQ -5 Ratangarh 7.01 NW Upwind direction of the project site.

This station’s AAQ data captures the baseline for residential area

AAQ -6 Partapgarh 6 W Crosswind direction of the project site.

This station’s AAQ data captures the baseline for residential area.

AAQ -7 Katani Kalan

8.1 S Downwind direction of the project site.

This station’s AAQ data captures the baseline for residential area

AAQ -8 Haron Kalan 8.3 SE Downwind direction of the project site.

Further, this station’s AAQ data captures the baseline for residential



47

3.4.3 Monitoring Schedule

Ambient air quality monitoring was carried out twice a week with a frequency of 24 hours for 12

weeks.

3.4.4 Methods of Sampling and Analysis

Fine particulate Sampler APM-550 & RDS APM-460 were used for monitoring of Particulate

Matter (PM2.5 and PM10); gaseous pollutants like SO2, and NO2 were collected by Gaseous

Pollutant Sampler APM-433. The analysis was done as per methods mentioned below:

S. No. Parameters Analysis Method 1. PM10 µg/m3 IS:5182, (Part-23) 2006, By Gravimetric Method: 2006 2. PM2.5 µg/m3 SP-57, Issue Date-01- 05-2019,CPCB Guideline Vol-I:: 2011 3. SO2 µg/m3 IS 5182 (P-2):2001 1st Rev (RA: 2012): 2001 4. NOx µg/m3 IS:5182, (P-6), RA 2012: 2006 5. CO mg/m3 IS 5182 (P- 10):RA2014: 1999

Sample Transportation and Sample Preservation: Proper preservation of samples was done after

sampling. The Gaseous samples were preserved in an ice box (below 4°C) and transported to the

laboratory for analysis. The filter papers were collected using forceps and stored in polythene bags

and stored in dry containers during transportation.



48

Fig. 3.3 Monitoring Locations of Ambient Air



49

Table 3.4

Ambient Air Quality Abstract

Locations PM2.5

µg/m3

PM10

µg/m3

SO2

µg/m3

NOx

µg/m3

CO

mg/m3

Max Min Avg. Max Min Avg. Max Min Avg. Max Min Avg. Max Min Avg.

Project Site - AAQ1 52.8 46.1 49.6 92.5 85.4 89.1 16.8 10.4 13.6 43.2 32.6 38.2 0.73 0.64 0.68

Takhran (AAQ -2) 48.6 38.4 42.7 88.6 76.6 82.6 15.0 9.2 12.2 38.2 26.6 32.6 0.72 0.64 0.68

Macchiwara (AAQ-3) 42.0 35.2 39.1 90.6 82.4 86.7 14.6 10.4 12.7 38.2 28.4 33.6 0.68 0.55 0.61

Mughlewal (AAQ-4) 38.4 31.2 34.9 86.8 78.4 82.6 15.2 8.8 12.8 36.6 27.1 33.5 0.64 0.55 0.57

Ratangarh (AAQ-5) 37.6 30.2 34.8 85.8 70.3 77.8 13.5 6.5 9.9 34.8 24.4 30.1 0.59 0.50 0.56

Partapgarh (AAQ-6) 44.2 32.1 38.3 84.1 70.6 76.9 12.8 9.1 10.9 36.2 25.5 30.9 0.55 0.43 0.50

Katani Kalan (AAQ-7) 44.4 31.5 38.5 83.2 72.0 78.4 13.1 9.4 11.4 39.2 26.6 33.1 0.60 0.46 0.52

Haron Kalan(AAQ-8) 42.5 32.1 37.5 81.5 71.8 76.6 12.8 8.2 11.2 38.6 26.5 33.3 0.56 0.44 0.48

P98 48.4 88.1 14.7 38.4 0.68

NAAQ Standards 60 100 80 80 4.0



50

3.4.5 Interpretation

The observations based on a perusal of the results for the study period are summarized below:

Respirable Particulate Matter (PM10):

A maximum value of 92.5µg/m3 was observed at Project site (AAQ1) and minimum value of

70.3µg/m3 was observed at Ratangarh (AAQ5). The average values were observed to be in the

range of 76.6 to 89.1µg/m3. The project site is located at designated Industrial Area and

surrounded by many other industries which ultimately add to the PM load in the subjected

area. The minimum concentration at location AAQ5 (Ratangarh) can be said due to its remote

location and no industrial activity in and around the monitoring station. Therefore experiences

minimal levels of pollution.

Fig 3.4: Graphical representation of PM10 in Study Area



51

Particulate Matter (PM2.5):

A maximum value of 52.8µg/m3 was observed at Project site (AAQ1) and minimum value of

30.2µg/m3 was observed at Ratangarh(AAQ5) The average values were observed to be in the

range of 37.5 to 49.6µg/m3. The minimum concentration at Ratangarh indicates that the area

experiences minimal combustion and vehicular activity. On the other hand high concentration

at location AAQ1 indicates that the area experiences high emissions from industrial activity

and vehicular movement in the surroundings.

Fig 3.5: Graphical representation of PM2.5 in Study Area



52

Fig 3.6: Graphical representation of SO2 concentration at selected sites

Sulphur Dioxide (SO2):

Maximum concentration of SO2 is observed to be 16.8µg/m3 at Project site (AAQ1) and

minimum value of 6.5µg/m3 at Ratangarh(AAQ5). The average values were observed to be in

the range of 11.2 to 13.6 µg/m3. The emission from industries & constant traffic and regular

movement of heavy vehicles which are diesel driven around the project area can be

considered as the principle source of emission for SO2. All the values are well within the

prescribed limit of CPCB.



53

Nitrogen Dioxide (NOx):

The various forms of Nitrogen in NO, NO2 and N2O are collectively called as Oxides of

Nitrogen. Maximum concentration of NOx is observed to be 43.2 µg/m3 at Project Site

(AAQ1) and minimum value of 34.8 µg/m3 observed at Ratangarh (AAQ5). The average

values were observed to be in the range of 33.3 to38.2 µg/m3. The emission from industries

& constant traffic and regular movement of heavy vehicles which are diesel driven around the

project area is the main source of emission for NO2.

Fig 3.7: Graphical representation of NOx in Study Area



54

Carbon Monoxide (CO):

The anthropogenic source of CO is incomplete combustion of carbon-containing fuels, such

as gasoline, natural gas, oil, coal, and wood. The largest anthropogenic source of CO is

vehicle emissions. Maximum concentration of CO is observed to be 0.73mg/m3 at Project

Site (AAQ1) and minimum value of 0.43mg/m3 observed at Partapgarh (AAQ6). The average

values were observed to be in the range of 0.48 to 0.61mg/m3.

Conclusion: The descriptive statistics of the monitoring at all the locations are indicating

that pollution levels w.r.t. PM10 & PM2.5 at Project Site exceed the standards prescribed by

the CPCB.

Fig 3.8: Graphical representation of CO in Study Area



55

3.5 Water Environment

Water Quality

Water quality assessment is one of the essential components of EIA study. Such assessment

helps in evaluating the existing health of water body and suggesting appropriate mitigation

measures to minimize the potential impact from development projects. Water quality of

ground water has been studied in order to assess water-use in construction, drinking, cooling

and horticulture purpose. The water quality at the site and other locations within the 10 km

impact zone was monitored during January to March 2020.

Sampling frequency and Technique

Parameters for analysis of water quality were selected based on the utility of the particular

source of water as per MoEF&CC guidance. Hence quality of ground water was compared

with IS: 10500: 2012 for drinking purposes. As per the standard practice, one sample from

each station was taken in the study period. Sampling was done by standard sampling

technique as per the Standard Methods. Necessary precautions were taken for preservation of

samples.

Sampling location of surface water is given in Figure 3.9 and list of surface sample is given

in Table 3.5 & 3.8 respectively. The results of surface water is given in Table 3.6.

3.5.1 Surface water sources in the study area

The surface water resources in the study area as studied from the satellite imagery depicts that

Bhakra Canal is flowing from southeast and southwest side of the project area. The sampling

locations for the surface water were finalized after reconnaissance survey and consultation

with the functional area experts from the respective areas.

Criteria for selection of surface water quality sampling locations

While selecting a sample it is always important to take care that the sample should be

representative of the selected water body. In order to remove the bias in sample selection,

grab samples were collected on random basis considering the following key aspects:

1. The sampling locations were selected based on upstream and downstream uses of the

water body.

2. Drainage Pattern of study area in general.

3. Domestic discharge points from the near-by villages.


56

Figure 3.9

Location of Surface water



57

Table 3.5 Surface Water Sampling Stations

Station Sampling Location Aerial Distance (Km) and Direction from Project Site

SW-1 Satluj River 9 KM ,N

SW-2 Ropar-Neelon Kanal

4.2 Km, S

Table – 3.6

Results of Surface Water Sample (Satluj River)

Sr. No.

Parameters Unit Upstream Downstream Detection Limit

1. pH - 7.41 7.56 2. Color H.U <5 <5 5.0 HU 3. Odour -- Agreeable Agreeable -- 4. Turbidity NTU <1 <1 0.5 NTU 5. Dissolved Oxygen mg/l 6.4 6.5 1.0 mg/l 6. Chemical Oxygen Demand mg/l 10.0 12.2 5.0 mg/l 7. BOD at 27 oC for 3 day mg/l <2 <2 2.0 mg/l 8. Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 210 218 1.0 mg/l 9. Total Suspended Solids mg/l 2.2 2.8 1.0 mg/l

10. Total Hardness as CaCO3 mg/l 100 110 1.0 mg/l 11. Chlorides as Cl mg/l 14.9 16.2 1.0 mg/l 12. Sulphates as SO4 mg/l 22.1 24.2 1.0 mg/l 13. Total alkalinity as CaCO3 mg/l 84 88 0 mg/l 14. Magnesium as Mg mg/l 6.8 7.2 1.0 mg/l 15. Calcium as Ca mg/l 18.4 20.2 1.0 mg/l 16. Nitrate as NO3 mg/l 1.16 1.20 1.0 mg/l 17. Zinc as Zn mg/l ND ND 0.5 mg/l 18. Iron as Fe mg/l ND ND 0.1 mg/l 19. Fluoride as F mg/l ND ND 0.1 mg/l 20. Sodium as Na mg/l 14.4 16.8 1 mg/l 21. Potassium as K mg/l 4.2 4.6 1 mg/l 22. Cadmium as Cd mg/l ND ND 0.01 mg/l 23. Total Chromium as Cr mg/l ND ND 0.045 mg/l 24. Mercury as Hg mg/l ND ND 0.001 mg/l 25. Aluminum as Al mg/l ND ND 0.01 mg/l 26. Boron as B mg/l ND ND 0.1 mg/l 27. Fecal Coliform MPN/100 ml 170 220 <2MPN/100ml 28. Total Coliform MPN/100 ml 350 500 <2MPN/100ml



58

Table – 3.7

Results of Surface Water Sample (Ropar-Neelon Kanal)

Sr. No.

Parameters Unit Upstream Downstream Detection Limit

1. pH - 7.85 7.88 2. Color H.U <5 <5 5.0 HU 3. Odour -- Agreeable Agreeable -- 4. Turbidity NTU <1 <1 0.5 NTU 5. Dissolved Oxygen mg/l 5.5 6.0 1.0 mg/l 6. Chemical Oxygen Demand mg/l 6.6 6.4 5.0 mg/l 7. BOD at 27 oC for 3 day mg/l <2 <2 2.0 mg/l 8. Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 220 224 1.0 mg/l 9. Total Suspended Solids mg/l 16.0 18.2 1.0 mg/l

10. Total Hardness as CaCO3 mg/l 160 166 1.0 mg/l 11. Chlorides as Cl mg/l 19.9 21.2 1.0 mg/l 12. Sulphates as SO4 mg/l 26.2 28.2 1.0 mg/l 13. Total alkalinity as CaCO3 mg/l 150 154 0 mg/l 14. Magnesium as Mg mg/l 10.4 12.4 1.0 mg/l 15. Calcium as Ca mg/l 26.4 26.8 1.0 mg/l 16. Nitrate as NO3 mg/l 1.32 1.36 1.0 mg/l 17. Zinc as Zn mg/l ND ND 0.5 mg/l 18. Iron as Fe mg/l ND ND 0.1 mg/l 19. Fluoride as F mg/l ND ND 0.1 mg/l 20. Sodium as Na mg/l 20.2 21.6 1 mg/l 21. Potassium as K mg/l 5.4 5.8 1 mg/l 22. Cadmium as Cd mg/l ND ND 0.01 mg/l 23. Total Chromium as Cr mg/l ND ND 0.045 mg/l 24. Mercury as Hg mg/l ND ND 0.001 mg/l 25. Aluminum as Al mg/l ND ND 0.01 mg/l 26. Boron as B mg/l ND ND 0.1 mg/l 27. Fecal Coliform MPN/100 ml 200 220 <2MPN/100ml 28. Total Coliform MPN/100 ml 300 330 <2MPN/100ml



59

Table – 3.7

CPCB water Quality Criteria for Surface water as per use

S. No.

Parameters Class A Class B Class C Class D Class E

1. pH 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5 6.5-8.5

2. Dissolved Oxygen 6 5 4 4 -

3. BOD, 3days at 270C, max

2 3 3 - -

4. Total coliform organism, MPN/100ML, max

50 500 5000 - -

5. Free Ammonia (as N), mg/l, max

- - - 1.2 -

6. Electrical Conductivity, µmhos/cm, max

- - - - 2250

7. Sodium absorption ratio, max

- - - - 26

8. Boron (as B), mg/l, max.

- - - - 2

Class A: Drinking water source without conventional treatment but after disinfection.

Class B: Outdoor bathing (organized).

Class C: Drinking water source after conventional treatment and after disinfection.

Class D: Propagation of wild life fisheries.

Class E: Irrigation, Industrial cooling, controlled waste disposal.

Below E: Not meeting A, B, C, D & E Criteria

Conclusion:-

The surface water results of upstream & downstream of Bhakhra Canal are compared with

Water Quality Criteria prescribed by CPCB for different classes of water. Based upon the

perusal of analytical values, it is seem that surface water categorized in category “E” indicated

that all the parameters were found to be within the prescribed limits.

Surface water quality results are summarized below (Satluj river):

pH of the surface water collected ranged from 7.41 – 7.56

TDS was found to be 210- 218 mg/l. The tolerance limit is 1,500 mg/l as per IS:2296

Total hardness was found to be 100-110 mg/l.

Nitrate was found 1.16-1.20 mg/l.



60

Total Coliform in water was 350-500 MPN/100ml. The likely source of bacteriological

contamination may be due to the proximity to residential area

All the heavy metals were not detectable.

Whether the site falls near to the polluted stretch of river identified by the

CPCB/MoEFCC:

The proposed project falls at a distance of 9 km from Satluj river. The Satluj river is not

identifies as the polluted river stretched by CPCB.

Surface water quality results are summarized below (Ropar-Neelon Canal):

pH of the surface water collected ranged from 7.85 – 7.88

TDS was found to be 220- 224 mg/l. The tolerance limit is 1,500 mg/l as per IS:2296

Total hardness was found to be 160-166 mg/l.

Nitrate was found 1.32-1.36 mg/l.

Total Coliform in water was 300-330 MPN/100ml. The likely source of bacteriological

contamination may be due to the proximity to residential area

All the heavy metals were not detectable.

Whether the site falls near to the polluted stretch of river identified by the

CPCB/MoEFCC:

The proposed project falls at a distance of 4.2 km from Ropar Neelon Canal. The Ropar

Neelon Canal is not identifies as the polluted river stretched by CPCB.



61

3.5.2 Ground Water

Groundwater has been found as an important source for the local needs of water consumption

for various purposes, mainly domestic and agriculture. Keeping in view the importance of

groundwater to the local population, samples of ground water were collected from the study

area for the monitoring and assessment of groundwater quality.

Ground water can be said to be affected by activities such as uncontrolled discharge of

treated and/or untreated industrial effluent, open discharge of treated and/or untreated

sewerage in the surrounding area.

The Quality of ground water was studied by collecting 8 water samples from representative

hand pumps, tube wells. Sampling points were decided using Google imagery and field

survey. Standard procedures were followed for the sampling and analysis of physico–

chemical parameters of water.

The sampling sites were selected considering the following criteria –

1. Topography of the study area Pattern.

2. Areas which may be affected due to the activity.

3. Any probable locations with open discharge of sewage or waste water.

4. Location of any solid waste dumping facility in the vicinity of the project site.

Details of ground water locations is given in Table 3.8 . Ground water monitoring location is

provided in figure 3.10 and Results of ground water is given in Table 3.9.



62

Table-3.8

Details of Ground Water Monitoring Stations





GW-1 Project Site -- -- Represent the project site GW -2 Takhran


site. This station’s GW data captures the

baseline for residential area. GW -3 Macchiwara 4.8 E Crosswind direction of the project


baseline for residential and Industrial area.

GW -4 Mughlewal 8.4 N Upwind direction of the project site.

This station’s GW data captures the baseline for residential and Industrial area. And located in vicinity of the project site.

GW -5 Ratangarh 7.01 NW Upwind direction of the project site. This station’s GW data captures the

baseline for residential area GW -6 Partapgarh 6 W Crosswind direction of the project


baseline for residential area. GW -7 Katani Kalan

8.1 S Downwind direction of the project


baseline for residential area

GW -8 Haron Kalan 8.3 SE Downwind direction of the project site.

Further, this station’s GW data captures the baseline for residential



63

Figure -3.10 Ground water monitoring Locations



64

Table – 3.9 Results of Ground Water Samples

Parameters Unit GW1 GW2 GW3 GW4 GW5 GW6 GW7 GW8 * Limits pH - 7.61 7.42 7.33 7.58 7.62 7.34 7.51 7.48 6.5-8.5

Colour Hazen <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 5.0 Odour Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable

Turbidity NTU <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 1.0 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 324 326 320 332 314 338 340 342 500 Total Hardness as

CaCO3 mg/l 260 272 282 275 290 284 292 285 200

Calcium as Ca mg/l 58.2 56.6 58.4 54.6 56.4 57.6 54.8 55.7 75 Magnesium as Mg mg/l 18.4 20.2 24.8 26.3 22.7 27.1 23.8 21.8 30

Total alkalinity mg/l 280 260 272 260 285 281 272 280 200 Chlorides as Cl- mg/l 14.9 19.9 16.2 10.2 12.4 16.3 16.9 14.9 250

Sulphates as SO4 mg/l 12.4 16.2 10.6 16.8 14.3 12.4 14.6 10.9 200 Nitrate as NO3 mg/l 1.8 1.6 1.0 1.4 1.3 1.6 1.4 1.2 45

Total residual chlorine as Cl2

mg/l ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND 1.0

Iron mg/l 0.14 0.1 0.1 0.18 0.14 0.1 0.1 0.1 1.5 Fluoride mg/l 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.0 1.1 5.0

Zinc mg/l ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND 0.1 Manganese mg/l ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND 0.003 Cadmium mg/l ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND 0.05

Total Chromium mg/l ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND 0.001 Mercury mg/l ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND 0.01

Selenium as Se mg/l ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND shall not be detectable in any of 100ml sample

Total Coliforms per 100 ml

<2 <2 <2 <2 <2 <2 <2 <2 shall not be detectable in any of 100ml sample

E – Coli per 100 ml

Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent

* As per IS:10500: 2012 acceptable limits



65

Observation And Analysis:

The Results above shows that the pH of all the ground water samples was within the

prescribed standards following in the range of 7.34-7.62.

The concentration of heavy metals like Total Chromium, Mercury, Selenium, and Cadmium

were not detected. Along with that Iron, Zinc, Manganese, Fluoride were also found not

detected.

Total Hardness of the entire ground water samples were found to be 260-292mg/l which is

exceeding acceptable limit but below permissible limit at all location, on the other hand,

concentration of Total Dissolved Solids ranged between 314-342 mg/l which demonstrate

all the ground water location may less contaminated from anthropogenic activity.

3.5.3 Rain Water Harvesting

The north western and south western part of the district where water level decline exits,

artificial recharge structures may help in arresting this water level decline. Generally

Recharge Trench with injection well structure is suitable for artificial recharge. Water

conservation methods like change in cropping pattern, change in Irrigation policy, timely

plantation of paddy, promotion of sprinkler and drip irrigation etc. may be adopted to

overcome the ground water decline in the area. Rooftop rain water harvesting can be adopted

in all buildings of the district.

Due to declining of water levels in the area, rainwater harvesting and artificial recharge to

groundwater is feasible in whole of the Ludhiana district. Types of recharge structures

suitable are; Trenches and injection wells. Injection wells of 40 to 60 m depth can be

constructed depending upon the local hydro geological conditions.

The trenches of three meter depth be constructed and filled with inverted filter material up to

2m of depth, remaining one meter of depth will be kept as free board which acts as storage of

storm water. The trench serves dual purpose of storing the excess water and filtering the

suspended particles / silt. For construction of recharge well borehole of 450mm (18”) dia is to

be got drilled with the Reverse Rotary method of drilling. In case sufficient space is not

available in areas close to buildings, the drilling may be taken up with hand boring and dia of

borehole should be 10”. Recharge well assembly of 6” dia should be lowered into the

borehole. The annular space between the assembly and borehole is to be filled with gravel of

3-5 mm size. The aquifers zones to be recharged should be screened by PVC/M.S. slotted

pipes. Within the trench two PVC/M.S. slotted pipes having 3 mm slot size are to be fixed on



66

either side of the 6” dia. pipe for filtered water to enter into the recharge well. Only aquifers

encountered at the bottom of borehole should be screened. After construction of trench cum

recharge well, the channelized water is to be connected with the recharge structures through

R.C.C. or M.S. pipes. Typical Rain Water Harvesting Pit Design is provided as below.

Typical Rain Water Harvesting Pit Design

Conclusion

The depth to water level in the area ranges between 9-26 m bgl. In the north eastern part’

Machhiwara’ block area it ranges between 5-10 m bgl and 10- 20 m in north central part

of the district in Ludhiana city and Bhaini raian . In rest of the area of the district it

ranges between 20-30 meters.



67

3.6 Noise Environment

Noise is one of the most undesirable and unwanted by-products of our modern life style. It

may not seem as insidious or harmful as air and water pollutants but it affects human health

and wellbeing and can contribute to deterioration of human well-being in general and cause

neurological disturbances and physiological damage to the hearing mechanism in particular.

It is therefore, necessary to measure both the quality as well as the quantity of noise in and

around the site.

Methodology

The intensity of sound energy in the environment is measured in a logarithmic scale and is

expressed in a decibel, dB (A) scale. In a sophisticated type of sound level meter, an

additional circuit (filters) is provided, which modifies the received signal in such a way that

it replicates the sound signal as received by the human ear and the magnitude of sound level

in this scale is denoted as dB (A). The sound levels are expressed in dB (A) scale for the

purpose of comparison of noise levels, which is universally accepted by the international

community.

The day noise levels have been monitored during 6.00 am to 10.00 pm and night noise

levels, during 10.00 pm to 6.00 am at all the 8 locations, which covers residential areas,

commercial area, industrial area and silence zone within 10 km radius of the study area.

Sampling Locations

A preliminary survey was undertaken to identify the major noise generating sources in the

area. The noise survey was conducted to assess the background noise levels in different

zones. Gazettes Notification {S.O. 123(E)} of MoEF&CC dated February 14, 2000 on

ambient air quality standards has different noise levels for different zones viz industrial,

commercial, and residential and silence zones. Eight sampling locations were selected for the

sampling of noise levels.

Noise levels recorded at each station are computed for Equivalent noise levels. Equivalent

noise level is a single number descriptor for describing time varying noise levels. Details of

Noise monitoring locations is given at Table no. 3.10. Noise monitoring station in Topo

sheet is given in Figure 3.11. Details of Noise is provided in Table 3.11.



68

Table 3.10

Details of Noise Monitoring Stations





NQ-1 Project Site -- -- Represent the project site NQ -2 Takhran


site. This station’s noise data captures the

baseline for residential area. NQ -3 Macchiwara 4.8 E Crosswind direction of the project

site.

This station’s noise data captures the baseline for residential and Industrial area.

NQ -4 Mughlewal 8.4 N Upwind direction of the project site.

This station’s noise data captures the baseline for residential and Industrial area. And located in vicinity of the project site.

NQ -5 Ratangarh 7.01 NW Upwind direction of the project site.

This station’s noise data captures the baseline for residential area

NQ -6 Partapgarh 6 W Crosswind direction of the project site.

This station’s noise data captures the baseline for residential area.

NQ -7 Katani Kalan

8.1 S Downwind direction of the project site.

This station’s noise data captures the baseline for residential area

NQ -8 Haron Kalan 8.3 SE Downwind direction of the project site.

Further, this station’s noise data captures the baseline for residential


69

Figure -3.11 Noise Monitoring Locations



70

Table 3.11

Noise Level Results Leq dB (A) in and Around Project Area

Sr. No. Location No. Day Time Night Time

1. Project Site 70.2 61.5

2. Takhran 59.5 40.3

3. Macchiwara 46.5 34.7

4. Mughlewal 44.7 36.3

5. Ratangarh 46.5 37.4

6. Partapgarh 48.6 36.5

7. Katani Kalan 49.5 41.5

8. Haron Kalan 48.3 37.5

Table 3.12

Noise Standards (Source-CPCB)

Area

Code Category of Area

Noise dB(A) Leq

Day Time

(6.0 am-10 pm)

Night Time

(10.0 pm-6.0 am)

A Industrial Area 75 70

B Commercial Area 65 55

C Residential Area 55 45

D Silence Zone 50 40



71

Interpretation

Industrial zone

The day time noise level at the project premises was observed as 70.2 dB (A), and during night

time the noise level was recorded to be 61.5 dB (A). It should be noted that the noise levels

during the day time as well as night time were estimated to be under the prescribed standards by

Central Pollution Control Board.

Residential zone

The noise monitoring at residential zone was conducted at two locations- Ratangarh and

Partapgarh, once in a season. The maximum noise level recorded during the day time and night

in location namely Talanian. Vehicular movement of nearby road is the main reason behind it.

All the monitored noise level is under CPCB standard.

Commercial zone

The noise monitoring at commercial zone was conducted at one location- Machhiwara once in a

season. It is observed that the permissible limit for noise level did not exceed anytime.

Silence zone

The noise monitoring at silence zone was conducted at four locations-, Mughlewal, Katani kalan,

Haron Kalan once in a season. It should be interpretated that the permissible limit for noise level

did not exceed at any of the locations selected for sampling.



72

3.7 Soil Quality

Physical characteristics

Soil is generally considered as the upper layer of the earth that is dug or ploughed, especially

the loose material in which plants grow. It is generally unconsolidated material composed of

soil particles produced by disintegration of rocks. The void spaces between the particles may

contain Air, Water or both.

Physical characteristics of soil influence its use and behavior towards plants growth. The plant

support, root penetration, drainage, aeration, retention of moisture & plant nutrients is linked

with the physical condition of soils. Normally following physical parameters are important for

determining the quality of soil:-

(i) Texture

(ii) Porosity

(iii) Bulk density

i. Texture

On the basis of texture the study area may be classified as loamy sand, sandy loam and silty

loam.

ii. Porosity

Volume of soil mass that is not occupied by soil particles and usually occupied by air &

water are known as pore space. The plant roots grow & exist in the pore spaces. Porosity,

therefore, refers to that percentage of soil volume which is occupied by pore spaces.

iii. Bulk Density

The bulk density weight of a unit of volume of soil inclusive of pore spaces is called bulk

density. Generally the soil with low bulk density has favorable physical conditions.

The locations for collection of representative sample were selected considering - .

1. From different types of land uses in the study area.

2. From possible polluted & comparatively controlled locations in the study area

3. From the leeward and downward of the predominant wind direction

Locations of soil monitoring stations are given in Table 3.13. Soil monitoring stations on

toposheet is given in Fig 3.12. Soil Sample results are attached as Table 3.14.



73

Table 3.13

Detail list of Soil Quality Monitoring Stations





SQ-1 Project Site -- -- Represent the project site SQ -2 Takhran


site. This station’s soil data captures the

baseline for residential area. SQ -3 Macchiwara 4.8 E Crosswind direction of the project


baseline for residential and Industrial area.

SQ -4 Mughlewal 8.4 N Upwind direction of the project site.

This station’s soil data captures the baseline for residential and Industrial area. And located in vicinity of the project site.

SQ -5 Ratangarh 7.01 NW Upwind direction of the project site. This station’s soil data captures the

baseline for residential area SQ -6 Partapgarh 6 W Crosswind direction of the project


baseline for residential area. SQ -7 Katani Kalan

8.1 S Downwind direction of the project


baseline for residential area

SQ -8 Haron Kalan 8.3 SE Downwind direction of the project site.

Further, this station’s soil data captures the baseline for residential



74

Figure -3.12

Location of Soil Monitoring Stations



75

Table –3.14

Result of Soil Samples (% W/W except pH)

S.No. Parameter Unit SQ1 SQ2 SQ3 SQ4 SQ5 SQ6 SQ7 SQ8 Test Methods

1. pH (1:2.5) -- 7.85 7.62 7.72 7.56 7.66 7.78 7.66 7.82 IS 2720(P-26),1987 2. Electrical Conductivity (1:2) µmhos/cm 356 364 352 358 372 388 374 368 IS 14767,2000 3. Texture -- Sandy

Clay Sandy Clay Sandy

Clay Sandy Clay Sandy

Clay Sandy Clay Sandy Clay Sandy Clay CPTL, Lab SOP No. 49

4. Bulk Density (gm/cc) 1.25 1.28 1.27 1.32 1.44 1.26 1.39 1.44 IS 2720(P-3),1983 6. Color/ Visual Observation -- Brown Light

Brown Brown Dark Brown Brown Very Light

Brown Brown Brown Handbook of Agriculture,

ICAR 7. Available Calcium (mg/kg) 118 124 138 126 124 140 135 122 Handbook of Agriculture

,ICAR 8. Available Magnesium (mg/kg) 52.4 54.3 48.2 56.8 51.4 56.3 54.2 51.8 Handbook of Agriculture,

ICAR 9. Available Sodium (mg/kg) 42.2 46.1 48.3 38.6 42.2 44.6 48.3 42.4 IS9497-1980RA-1998 10. Available Potassium (kg/hectare) 25.4 26.2 30.2 24.6 22.4 27.3 30.1 24.3 IS9497-1980RA-1998 11. Available Nitrogen (kg/hectare) 1.46 1.68 1.34 1.84 1.66 1.54 1.43 1.58 CPTL, Lab SOP No. 53

12. Organic Carbon (%) 1.06 1.11 1.02 1.09 1.02 1.14 1.07 1.09 IS 2720(P-22),2001 13. Available Phosphorus Kg/hac 1.98 1.82 2.04 1.84 1.96 1.99 2.04 1.74 CPTL, Lab SOP No. 51 14. Cation Exchange Capacity (meq/100gm) 1.06 0.94 0.82 0.81 1.01 0.96 0.99 1.12 Handbook of Agriculture,

ICAR 15. Iron as Fe (mg/kg) 1.74 1.68 1.72 1.66 1.58 1.77 1.82 1.79 CPTL, Lab SOP No. 54 16. Zinc as Zn (mg/kg) ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND CPTL, Lab SOP No. 54 17. Lead as Pb (mg/kg) ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND CPTL, Lab SOP No. 54 18. Manganese as Mn (mg/kg) ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND CPTL, Lab SOP No. 54

19. Chromium as Cr (mg/kg) ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND CPTL, Lab SOP No. 54 20. Cadmium as Cd (mg/kg) ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND CPTL, Lab SOP No. 54 21. Copper as Cu (mg/kg) ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND CPTL, Lab SOP No. 54 22. Permeability cm/hr 1.7 1.5 1.8 1.9 2.2 1.6 1.5 1.9 Is:2720-(p-17)-1986[RA-2002] 24. Porosity (%) 28 29 32 36 38 40 31 33 Is:2720-(p-15)-1986[RA-2002] 25. Water Holding Capacity (%) 22.3 16.4 11.3 18.2 20.1 15.4 14.2 16.1 Is14765:2000



76

3.7.1 Conclusion

The analytical results of the soil samples collected during the study period are summarized

below.

The pH of the soil is an important property; vegetation cannot grow in low and high pH value

soils. The normal range of pH in the soils is 6.0 to 8.5. The pH values in the study area are

varying from 7.56-7.85 indicating that the soils are falling in slightly alkaline to moderately

alkaline.

Based on the electrical conductivity, the soils are classified into four groups (Normal, Critical

for germination, Critical for growth of the sensitive crops, Injurious to most crops). The

electrical conductivity in the study area is varying from 352-388 µmhos/cm. This is good for

germination.

The other important parameters for characterization of soil for irrigation are the primary

nutrients – Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium (N, P, K) and the secondary nutrients—

Calcium, Magnesium and Sulphur (Ca, Mg, S). The primary and secondary nutrient elements

are known as major elements. This classification is based on their relative abundance, and not

on their relative importance.

Nitrogen encourages the vegetative development of plants by imparting a healthy green color

to the leaves. The available Nitrogen as N in the study area is varying from 1.34 to 1.84%.

Phosphorus influences the vigor of plants and improves the quality of crops. In the study area

available, Phosphorus was found in varying quantities of 1.74-2.04 kg/ha.

Potassium enhances the ability of the plants to resist diseases, insect attacks, cold and other

adverse conditions. The available potassium in the study area varies between 22.4-30.2

Kg/hac. This is deficient for crops.

As per physical data, the soils in the study area are coarse to modularity fine texture, having

modulated build density and impressively modulate water holding capacity. As per physical

characteristics, the soils are rated as moderately to good for agriculture. Based on the

observation during field visit of 10km buffer zone from the boundry of cement plant, the soils

are sandy loam predominantly. These soils can be classified as modularity good soil with

traces or gentle slopes and is modulate land for sustained agriculture as per USDA.



77

3.7.2 Geomorphology and Soil types

The district area is occupied by Indo-Gangetic alluvium. And there are no surface features

worth to mention except that area is plain and major drains are Satluj and its tributaries and

Budha nala.

Soil is the end product of the parent material resulting from the consistent influence of

climate, topography and the natural vegetation over a long period of time. In the district soil

characteristics are influenced to a very limited extent by the topography, vegetation and

parent rock. The variations in soil profile characteristics are much more pronounced because

of the regional climatic differences. The soil of this zone has developed under semi-arid

condition. The soil is sandy loam to clayey with normal reaction (pH from 7.8 to 8.5).

Hydrogeology

Ludhiana district falls in central part of Punjab. The district is bounded between North

latitude 300 33/ and 310 01/ and East longitude 750 25/ and 760 27/. The Satluj forms the

border of the district in the North with Jalandhar and Hoshiarpur districts. Ropar and

Fatehgarhsahib districts mark the eastern and south eastern boundaries. The western border is

adjoining Moga and Ferozpur districts. The geographical area of the district is 3790 sq.kms.

Administratively Ludhiana district falls under Patiala division. The district has four sub-

divisions viz-Ludhiana, Khanna, Samrala and Jagraon and eleven development blocks viz.-

Ludhiana, Mangat, Doraha, Khanna, Dehlon, Pokhwal , Samrala , Machhiwara, Jagraon,

Sidhwanbet and Sudhar.

The district area is occupied by Indo-Gangatic alluvium of Quaternary age. The subsurface

geological formations of the area comprise of sand, silt, clay and kankar in various

proportions. In general the Ground water of the district is fresh except in and around

Ludhiana city where the ground water is polluted due to industrial effluents. The aquifer

disposition of the area is revealed by drilling data carried out down to 408 m by Central

Ground Water Board and state govt. The lithological data of these boreholes indicate the

presence of many sand beds forming the principal aquifers separated by clay beds at various

depths.

Drainage map of study area is given in Figure 3.13.. Depth to water level- Pre monsoon and

post- monsoon is given at Figure 3.14 and 3.15 respectively.



78

Figure 3.13: Drainage map of the study area



79

Figure 3.14: Depth to Water Level – Pre-Monsoon

Source: cgwb.gov.in/District_Profile/Punjab/Ludhiana.pdf



80

Figure 3.15: Depth to Water Level – Post-Monsoon

Source: cgwb.gov.in/District_Profile/Punjab/Ludhiana.pdf



81

3.8 Land Environment

The objective of assessing the land use details of the area is to know the existing land use

pattern of the area and enable one to know about the land that can be used for the proposed

development activities in the study area. It also enables to envisage the scenario emerging due

to the increase in demand for land with increase in population and the impacts arising due to the

interface with the various project activities.

a) Geographical location of the study area

The study area comprises 10km around the project site. The study area is falling in 53B/2 and

53 B/6 of Survey of India Topographic sheet.

b) Data Collection and Quality Assurance

Satellite data

The Indian Remote Sensing satellite data LANDSAT-8 is being used for the analysis of Land

Use and Land Cover around 10 Km of the study area.

c) Methodology

The land use / land cover map is prepared by adopting the interpretation techniques of the

image in conjunction with collateral data such as Survey of India topographical maps and

census records. Image classification has been done by using visual interpretation techniques and

digital classification using ERDAS image processing 10.0 software and ARC/GIS 10.0

software. The various activities for preparation of LULC include preprocessing, rectification,

enhancements and classifying the satellite data for assessing the change in land use land cover

due to proposed developmental activities.

The imagery is interpreted and ground checked for corrections. The final map is prepared after

field check. The different land use/land cover categories in the study area has been carried out

based on the NRSC land use / land cover classification system.

Flowchart showing the methodology adopted for land use/land cover mapping is provided as Fig 3.16.

Land Use / Land Cover Study

The land use land cover study has been done through digital image processing and visual

interpretation technique to generate output of Land use / Land cover map of study area on

1:50,000 scale. Land Use / Land Cover Map of Study Area (10 Km Buffer) Fig 3.17 and a 10

Km radius False Color Composite satellite map surrounding the project site is provided in Fig

3.18.



82

Fig 3.16: Flowchart showing the methodology adopted for land use/land cover mapping

Table 3.15

Land Use/Land Cover Area Statistics

Land Use/Land Cover Area (Ha) Area Percentage

Built-Up Land 789.95 2.41

Agricultural Land 8914.32 27.22

Agricultural Fallow Land 21845.9 66.71

Open Land 585.18 1.79

Water Bodies 612.9 1.87

Total Area 32746.25 100%

The study area comprises of agricultural land of about 8914.320 ha (27.229 %) including

agricultural fallow land 21845.9 ha (66.71%). Built up land in the study area cover an area of

789.95 ha 2.41%) approximately. The study area has open land of 585.18 (1.79%) distributed in

& around study area. Study area has 612.9 ha (1.87 %) of water bodies. The land cover pattern

and the respective coverage are given in Table 3.15 above.



83

Conclusion & Discussion

Based on the perusal of field visit and interaction with framers, it is seen that over the period of

time variants of fruits, vegetable and fodder have been successfully grown in the study area are

indicator of healthy & conducive land environment.

3.8.1 Industries within study area (10km radius)

Bhagwanpura is a village located in east Ludhiana. Ludhiana is often known as Manchester of

India and Industrial Capital of small scale industries. A list of Industries within 10 Km radius

along with the distance and direction of the Project site is provided at Table 3.16

Table 3.16 List of Industries within study area (10km radius)

S.No. Name of Industries Type of Industries Distance and

Direction

1. M/s Renny Strips Pvt. Ltd. Steel 5km, SE

2. M/s Renny Strips Pvt. Ltd.

(Furnace Division)

Steel 5km, SE

3. Cheema Readymade Textile 300m, S

4. Malwa Industries Limited Textile 315m, W

5. Shiva Texs Fabs Limited Unit-I Textile 500M, S



84

Fig 3.17: Land Use / Land Cover Map of Study Area (10 Km Buffer)

Chandigarh Pollution Testing Laboratory- EIA Division

(QCI/ NABET Certificate No: NABET/EIA/1922/RA 0146)


85

Fig 3.18: 10 Km radius False Color Composite Satellite Map



86

3.9 Biological Environment

A natural ecosystem is a structural and functional unit of nature. It has different biological

and physical components, which are interrelated to each other and survive by

interdependence. An ecosystem has self sustaining ability and controls the number of

organisms at any level by cybernetic rules. The basic purpose to explore the biological

environment under Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is to assist the decision making

process and to ensure that the project options under consideration are environmental-friendly.

An ecological survey of the study area was conducted, particularly with reference to listing of

species and assessment of the existing baseline ecological conditions in the study area. The

main objectives of the ecological survey were aimed at assessing the existing flora and fauna

components in the study area, to understand the possible impacts on the biological

environment caused by the proposed project activities, and to formulate if necessary the

appropriate mitigation/preventive measures for such impacts. Data has been collected through

secondary sources and by site visits.

The present study was carried out in two separate headings for floral and faunal community.

The aspects to be covered in the study for the project are given in Table 3.17

Table-3.17

Aspect to be covered in the study Area

Aspect of Environment Impacts

A. Terrestrial Ecology Impacts on terrestrial flora and fauna

Impacts on Rare-Endangered-Threatened (RET) wildlife

Impacts on socially/ economically/ genetically/ biologically

important species

B. Aquatic Ecology Impacts on aquatic fauna/flora

Impacts on spawning and breeding grounds for aquatic species

The information presented in this Chapter has been collected through field studies,

consultation with various government departments and collation of available literature with

various institutions and organizations. The summary of data collected from these sources as a

part of the EIA study is outlined in Table 3.18



87

Table-3.18

Summary of Data Collected from various sources

Aspect Mode of data

collection

Parameters Monitored Frequency Source(s)

Terrestrial

Ecology

Primary field survey

and secondary

literature survey

Floral and Faunal

Diversity and Their

Importance

One Season

(Winter)

Field studies,

Forest & wild life

Department and

literature review

Aquatic

Ecology

Primary field survey

and secondary

literature survey

Diversity of Species and

Their Importance

One Season

(Winter)

Field studies,

Forest/ wild life

Department and

literature review

With the change in environmental conditions, the vegetation cover as well as animals reflects

several changes in its structure, density and composition. The present study was carried out

separately for floral and faunal community respectively.

Sampling

For field assessment, i.e., primary data collection, a standard statistical sampling method was

followed. The sampling design followed random sampling method. The sampling area was

decided based on prior land-use map of the project influence zone (within the 10 km radius

around the project area), outlining forest areas and other types of habitats, topographic

features and build-up area.

Flora

Methodology for floral study

1. Secondary literature survey: Published literature, including those from relevant

organizations like the Botanical Survey of India (BSI), the Wildlife Institute of India

(WII-Dehradun), the respective Forest Department of the State concerned etc., research

papers, articles, books and reliable websites, available within and adjacent to the study

.area were compiled and inventoried as “Secondary Floral Diversity Database”.

2. Primary field survey – herbs: Herbaceous plants were studied using the quadrat method

as followed during vegetation survey. The size of each quadrat for herb survey was 1m x



88

1m. Field identification of the species and later identification through photographs were

followed. Unidentified herbs were collected following proper procedure and prepared

into herbarium sheets for later identification. For mosses, lichens and other plants the

plot size was taken as 0.1m x 0.1m.

3. Primary field survey – shrubs: Shrubs were studied using the quadrat method as followed

during vegetation survey. The size of each quadrat for shrub survey was 5m x 5m for

shrubs of 3m height. Field identification of the species and later identification through

photographs were followed. Unidentified shrubs were collected following proper

procedure and prepared into herbarium sheets for later identification.

4. Primary field survey – trees: Trees were studied using the quadrat method as followed

during vegetation survey. The size of each quadrat for tree survey was 20m x 20m. Field

identification of the species and later identification through photographs were followed.

Samples of unidentified trees were collected following proper procedure and prepared

into herbarium sheets for later identification.

5. Primary database: Data generated from the field survey within and adjacent to the study

area were meticulously compiled and inventoried as “Primary Floral Diversity

Database”.

6. Field instruments/materials for floral study: Measuring tape/s, herbarium sheets,

newspaper, herbarium press, polythene bags (incl. zip-locked pouches), 88clinometers,

and magnifying glass, camera, and GPS unit.

Table-3.19 Results of floral study

Common Name Scientific Name Herbs

Yam Dioscorea spp. Bathua Chenopodium album Carrot grass Parthenium hysterophorus Black nightshade Solanum nigrum Amaranth Amaranthus spp. Durva/Doob grass Cynodon dactylon

Shrubs Castor Ricinus communis Kasaundi Senna sophera Oleander Nerium oleander China rose Hibiscus rosa-sinensis



89

Pomegranate Punica granatum Euphorbia Euphorbia sp. Wild sage/Lantana Lantana camara Tora Senna tora Crape jasmine/Tagar Tabernaemontana divaricata

Trees Khejri Prosopis cineraria Indian gooseberry/Amla Phyllanthus emblica Indian lilac Melia azedarach White mulberry Morus alba Kikkar Vachellia karoo Jujube Ziziphus jujube Mango Mangifera indica Sacred fig/Peepal Ficus religiosa Banyan Ficus benghalensis Jamun Syzygium cumini Devil tree/Saptaparni Alstonia scholaris Fishtail palm Caryota urens Banana Musa paradisiacal Guava Psidium guajava North Indian rosewood Dalbergia sissoo Teak Tectona grandis Catechu/Khair Senegalia catechu Indian elm/Chilbil Holoptelea integrifolia Poplar Populus alba Mahogany Swietenia mahagoni Medlar/Bakul Mimusops elengi Devdaaru Polyalthia longifolia Blue jacaranda Jacaranda mimosifolia Silver oak Grevillea robusta Amaltas Cassia fistula Arjun Terminalia arjuna Eucalyptus Eucalyptus globules Lebbeck Albizia lebbeck

Fauna

Methodology for faunal study

1. Secondary literature survey: Published literature, including those from relevant

organizations like the Zoological Survey of India (ZSI), the Wildlife Institute of India

(WII-Dehradun), the Forest Department of the State, research papers, articles, books and

reliable websites, available within and adjacent to the study area were meticulously



90

compiled and inventoried as “Secondary Faunal Diversity Database”.

2. Primary field survey – birds: For avian diversity assessment, point count method was

used. The radius of each of the point was 50 m. Birds were identified on-site using field-

books, or later through photographs and field-sketches.

3. Primary field survey – mammals: For mammalian diversity assessment, direct

observations was done on the field. Field identification of species was done on-site and

through photographs/sketches and with the help of field-books/other reliable sources.

4. Primary field survey – amphibians and reptilians: Direct observation and indirect

evidence/sign survey were done for assessing amphibian and reptilian diversity in the

field site. Identification of species was done on-site or through photographs/sketches and

with the help of field-books or other reliable sources.

5. Primary database: Data generated from the field survey within and adjacent to the study

area was meticulously compiled and inventoried as “Primary Faunal Diversity

Database”.

6. Field instruments/materials for faunal study: Range-finder, compass, binoculars, camera,

slide-calipers, measuring tape, GPS unit, polythene bags (incl. zip-lock pouches), and

field-books.

Table 3.20

Results of Faunal Study

Bird diversity

Common Name Scientific Name Asian pied starling Gracupica contra Bank myna Acridotheres ginginianus Black drongo Dicrurus macrocercus Black winged stilt Himantopus himantopus

Cattle egret Bubulcus ibis

Common hoopoe Upupa epops Common myna Acridotheres tristis Eurasian collared dove Streptopelia decaocto House crow Corvus splendens House sparrow Passer domesticus Paddyfield pipit Anthus rufulus Red vented bulbul Pycnonotus cafer Red wattled lapwing Vanellus indicus



91

Rock pigeon Columba livia Rose ringed parakeet Psittacula krameri Rufous treepie Dendrocitta vagabunda White browed wagtail Motacilla maderaspatensis

White throated kingfisher Halcyon smyrnensis White wagtail Motacilla alba

Mammals (Mammalia): Nilgai, Wild Boar, Jungle cat, Jackal, Mongoose, Palm squirrel,

Hares, Rats, Mice, Rhesus Macaque, Flying fox, Fruit bats, Porcupine etc. are also present in

the area.

Reptilea (Lizards, Snakes, Turtles, etc.): Garden lizard, Northern house gecko, Monitor

lizard, spectacled cobra, Rat Snake, Black krait and Wolf snake.

Aquatic faunal diversity: The area is devoid of major water-bodies, thus may not support a

considerable aquatic faunal diversity.

Biological diversity indices:

Shannon Mean 2.73

Simpson Inv. Mean 11.84

Conclusion

About 25% of secondary steel industry of India is based at metallurgical & secondary area.

The area is plain & devoid of forest cover due to massive industrialization and agricultural

intensity. Further there are no natural water bodies. As such the area can’t support floral and

faunal diversity except the already existing meager population of their species. However

biodiversity change may be anticipated due to anthropogenic perturbations such as pollution,

cattle grazing and invasive species etc.



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3.10 Socioeconomic Environment Introduction

Modern day cities have complex structure comprising of numerous & intertwined/

interwoven relationships due to which town planning judgments cannot be merely treated as

technical-oriented as they affect the lives and interests of the whole community. In the

present context, the slogan “ Planning by the people and Planning for the people “ exhibits a

shifts from Physical design oriented basic concept of town planning to more of a socially

relevant and sensitive model of town Planning encompassing socio-economic richness and

viability of existing communities.

The economic sectors i.e. primary, secondary and tertiary form the economic base of the

town. Nothing can hamper the physical growth/ development of an area more than the

economic incompetence. The identity of a town depends upon the character of its population.

Demographic profile determines the demographic character of the town area in terms of

population, growth rate, density, literary rate etc. which further helps in determining the

social as well as the economic character of the area. The natural population growth has

special significance because it is a vital index of economic development, social awakening,

historical and cultural background of the town.

Therefore, the study of socio-economic and demographic factors plays an important role in

defining the character of a town as well as the urban limits of a town/city. The following

studies related to socio-economic and demographic factors for study area mainly village

Alour have been conducted to know the socio-economic and demographic character.

Methodology applied for selection of sample & data collection

The methodology which is applied for primary source of data collection i.e. gathering data

through field survey for socio- economic environment is depicted below:

A. Sampling Method

A judgmental and purposive sampling method was used for choosing respondents of various

sections of the society i.e. Sarpanch, Adult Males and Females, Teachers, Medical

Practitioners, Businessmen, Agriculture labourers, Unemployed Group etc. Judgmental and

purposive sampling methods were adopted to assess the total population that helps to fulfill

the purpose of research needs.



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B. Data Collection Method

For the process of data collection through primary source certain methods were used,

amongst that are:

i. Field Survey and Observations

Field survey and observations were made in nearby sampling village and the socioeconomic

status of that region was studied. Visits are made at Health Centers, Schools, Gurudwaras,

Panchayat office etc.

ii. Interview Method

Structured interview method was used to collect data regarding the awareness and opinion

from the samples selected of the various socio- economic sections of the community.

Structured interviews involve the use of a set of predetermined projected questions that

includes fixed and alternative questions. The questionnaire mainly highlights the parameters

such as income, employment and working conditions, housing, food, water supply, sanitation,

health, energy, transportation and communication, education, environment and pollution to

assess the standard of living of that particular region and general awareness, opinion and

expectation of the respondents about the proposed project. Interview method helps to collect

more correct and accurate information as the interviewer is present during the field survey.

Socio- economic survey was conducted in nearby villages of the project area.

Ludhiana District

In 2011, Ludhiana had population of 3,498,739 of which male and female were 1,867,816

and 1,630,923 respectively. In 2001 census, Ludhiana had a population of 3,032,831 of which

males were 1,662,716 and remaining 1,370,115 were females. Ludhiana District population

constituted 12.61 percent of total Maharashtra population. In 2001 census, this figure for

Ludhiana District was at 12.45 percent of Maharashtra population.

There was change of 15.36 percent in the population compared to population as per 2001. In

the previous census of India 2001, Ludhiana District recorded increase of 24.89 percent to its

population compared to 1991.



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Source: Fatehgarh Sahib District Census-2011 Ludhiana District Density

The initial provisional data released by census India 2011, shows that density of Ludhiana

district for 2011 is 978 people per sq. km. In 2001, Ludhiana district density was at 848

people per sq. km. Ludhiana district administers 3,578 square kilometers of areas.

Description 2011 2001

34.99 Lakhs 30.33 Lakhs

Actual population 3,498,739 3,032,831

Male 1,867,861 1,662,716

Female 1,630,923 1,370,115

Population Growth 15.36% 24.89%

Area Sq.Km 3,578 3,578

Density/km2 978 848

Proportion to Punjab Population 12.61% 12.45%

Sex ratio (per 1000) 873 824

Child Sex Ration (0-6 Age) 860 817

Average Literacy 82.20 76.50

Male Literacy 85.98 80.30

Female Literacy 77.88 71.90

Total Child Population (0-6 Age) 384,114 0

Male population (0-6 Age) 206,502 0

Female population (0-6 Age) 177,612 0

Literates 2,560,225 0

Male literates 1,428,348 0

Female Literates 1,131,877 0

Child proportion (0-6 Age) 10.98% 0%

Boys proportion (0-6 Age) 11.06% 0%

Girls proportion (0-6 Age) 10.89% 0%



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Literacy Rate

Average literacy rate of Ludhiana in 2011 were 82.20 compared to 76.50 of 2001. If things

are looked out at gender wise, male and female literacy were 85.98 and 77.88 respectively.

For 2001 census, same figures stood at 80.30 and 71.90 in Ludhiana District. Total literate in

Ludhiana District were 2,560,225 of which male and female were 1,428,348 and 1,131,877

respectively. In 2001, Ludhiana District had 0 in its district.

Ludhiana Sex Ratio

With regards to Sex Ratio in Ludhiana, it stood at 873 per 1000 male compared to 2001

census figure of 824. The average national sex ratio in India is 940 as per latest reports of

Census 2011 Directorate. In 2011 census, child sex ratio is 860 girls per 1000 boys compared

to figure of 817 girls per 1000 boys of 2001 census data.

Ludhiana Houseless Census

In 2011, total 1,135 families live on footpath or without any roof cover in Ludhiana district of

Punjab. Total Population of all who lived without roof at the time of Census 2011 numbers to

4,865. This approx 0.14% of total population of Ludhiana district.

Ludhiana Religion-wise Data

Description Total Percentage

Hindu 1,502,403 42.94%

Muslims 77,713 2.22%

Christian 16,517 0.47%

Sikh 1,863,408 53.26%

Buddhist 2,007 0.06%

Jain 19,620 0.56%

Others 1,254 0.04%

Not Stated 15,817 0.45%

Ludhiana District Urban/Rural

Out of the total Ludhiana population for 2011 census, 59.16 percent lives in urban regions of

district. In total 2,069,708 people lives in urban areas of which males are 1,114,372 and

females are 955,336. Sex Ratio in urban region of Ludhiana district is 857 as per 2011 census

data. Similarly child sex ratio in Ludhiana district was 860 in 2011 census. Child population



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(0-6) in urban region was 235,144 of which males and females were 126,389 and 108,755.

This child population figure of Ludhiana district is 11.34 % of total urban population.

Average literacy rate in Ludhiana district as per census 2011 is 84.93 % of which males and

females are 88.16 % and 81.16 % literates respectively. In actual number 1,558,156 people

are literate in urban region of which males and females are 871,052 and 687,104 respectively.

As per 2011 census, 40.84 % population of Ludhiana districts lives in rural areas of villages.

The total Ludhiana district population living in rural areas is 1,429,031 of which males and

females are 753,444 and 675,587 respectively. In rural areas of Ludhiana district, sex ratio is

897 females per 1000 males. If child sex ratio data of Ludhiana district is considered, figure

is 859 girls per 1000 boys. Child population in the age 0-6 is 148,970 in rural areas of which

males were 80,113 and females were 68,857. The child population comprises 10.63 % of total

rural population of Ludhiana district. Literacy rate in rural areas of Ludhiana district is 78.28

% as per census data 2011. Gender wise, male and female literacy stood at 82.77 and 73.31

percent respectively. In total, 1,002,069 people were literate of which males and females

were 557,296 and 444,773 respectively.

Description Rural Urban Population (%) 40.84% 59.16%

Total Population 1,429,031 2,069,708 Male Population 753,444 1,114,372

Female Population 675,587 955,536 Sex Ratio 897 857

Child Sex Ratio (0-6) 859 860 Child Population (0-6) 148,970 235,144

Male Child (0-6) 80,113 126,389 Female Child (0-6) 68,857 108,755

Child Percentage (0-6) 10.42% 11.36% Male Child Percentage 10.63% 11.34%

Female Child Percentage 10.19% 11.38% Literates 1,002,069 1,558,156

Male Literates 557,296 871,052 Female Literates 444,773 687,104 Average Literacy 78.28% 84.93%

Male Literacy 82.77% 88.16% Female Literacy 73.31% 81.16%



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3.11 Traffic Study

Traffic & Transportation is considered as an inevitable function of land use planning. Urban

transport is an integral part of urban planning because apart from defining the form of a town,

the smooth functioning and productivity of any urban centre clearly hinges on the efficacy of

traffic & transportation system. Since roads and streets or transport network are equated with

arteries/veins of human body whereas traffic on roads/streets is comparable to blood flowing,

so any blockage/obstruction in this system acts like clot in the blood invariably leading to

numerous complications.

During Operation

Proposed production capacity =830 TPD

Raw Material = 913 TPD

Total per Day = 1743 TPD

Capacity of Truck = 20 Ton

No. of Trucks/day = 17

No. of trips = 4

With the proposed expansion coming into being an estimated 17 trucks/day each performing

four trips per day will be added to the existing road network.



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It can be concluded that with unit operation there will be marginal change in the LOS but the

performance of the road will remain the same.

3.12 Slag Analysis

The furnace slag from the operating unit has been analyzed as per CPCB methods and the

following are the analytical results provided in Table 3.21:

Table 3.21 Slag Analysis

S.No. Parameters Result (mg/kg)

1. Cu 6

2. Cr 9

3. Ni 5

4. Pb 9

5. Mn 22

6. Zn 8

7. Hg <0.05

8. Cd 5.0

9. Sr 9

10. Co 6.4

11. As <0.1

A perusal of above analytical values reveals that the presence of heavy metals as highly

stable oxides is within the acceptable limits. Moreover slag is not characterized as HW under

the HWM rules. Columns Leachate study of slag has also been done as per CPCB methods

for metals that Leachate out from materials and the same has been found <0.1mg/kg (The

limits prescribed by USEPA) and therefore passes the TCLP test.



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CHAPTER 4.0

ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

4.1 GENERAL

Prediction of impacts is the most important component in the Environmental Impact

Assessment studies. Several scientific techniques and methodologies are available to predict

impacts of developmental activities on physical, ecological and socio-economic

environments. Such predictions are superimposed over the baseline (pre-project) status of

environmental quality to derive the ultimate (post-project) scenario of environmental

conditions. The prediction of impacts helps to minimize the adverse impacts on

environmental quality during pre and post project execution. Generally, the environmental

impacts can be categorized as either primary or secondary. Primary impacts are those, which

are attributed directly by the project and secondary impacts are those, which are indirectly

induced and typically include the associated investment and changed patterns of social and

economic activities by the proposed actions.

The primary function of an environmental impact assessment is to assertion the potential

impacts of project on environmental components such as air, water, noise, soil, flora, fauna,

land and socio-economic and their magnitude during construction and operation for adoption

of satisfactory mitigation measure.

The Impacts of project are divided into two categories i.e. impacts of a project during

construction phase and impacts during operation phase. Major project impacts will occur

during operation phase as construction work will be done in staggered manner within a small

area and for short degradation.

Environmental parameters considered for impact analysis are:-

1. Landform and Topography

2. Air Environment

3. Water Environment

4. Noise Environment


6. Socioeconomic Environment



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4.2 CONSTRUCTION PHASE IMPACTS

Construction phase will include the installation of new machineries and its related work. As

the Construction process will occur under existing shed and small area there is a limited

chance of any major impact especially outside the industrial premises. Expected impacts and

mitigation measures are with respect to parameter of impact of the project on various

environmental factors as existing in the project area which possibly could be affected both

adversely and beneficially have been identified & assessed as under.

(i) Ambient Air

(ii) Water Quality

(iii) Noise

(iv) Land use pattern

(v) Demography and socio-economic pattern.

4.2.1 Air Environment

During construction phase, the pollutant generated will be for short duration and localized in

nature and affects only the nearby area due to which impact on the natural resources will be

insignificant.

Environmental Component

Activity Impacts Mitigation

Ambient Air Excavation

will generate

PM

Movement of

service vehicles

will generate

PM, CO, NOx

Use of DG set

during power

failure will

generate PM,

CO, NOx

Both short- and

long-term

exposure to

ambient air

pollution can

lead to reduced

lung function,

respiratory

infections and

aggravated

asthma.

Excavation and erection in

staggered manner and in day

time only.

Transport vehicles in good

service condition and

environmental complied

emission also.

Unloading from high

prohibited

DG sets used as power

backup shall have proper

acoustics and stack of

adequate height

Regular sprinkling of water

on service roads and material



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4.2.2 Water Environment

Environmental

Component

Activity Impact Mitigation Measures

Water Spraying

Construction

Domestic

use

curing

Excess water

may pollute

Ground &

surface water,

Water

contamination,

Land erosion.

Only need for amount of

water used for construction

purpose.

Domestic waste water will be

used only after treatment

through STP.

Direct curing will be avoided

and curing by wet cloth

/Hessian cloth will be adopted.

handling area.

Transportation of material in

covered vehicles.

Separated incoming and

outgoing vehicles.

No idling of vehicles to be

permitted beyond extended

period of time.

No screening of horns will be

allowed.



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4.2.3 Noise Environment

Some noise may be expected from the working of the machinery for construction purpose and

movement of vehicles. Steps will be taken to reduce its effect by resorting to staggering of

various operations. Even otherwise there will not be any large scale machinery; the activity

is not likely to have any significant effect on the overall noise environment.

Environmental

Component

Activity Impact Mitigation Measures

Noise Operation of

Construction

machinery

Vehicular

movement

Operation of

DG sets.

Irritation to people living

nearby.

Hearing related problems to

workers due to long term

expose to high noise level.

Construction work and

vehicular movement will be

allowed during day time only.

DG sets to have proper

acoustics.

PPE like ear muffs/ plugs will

be allowed to workers.

4.2.4 Land Environment

With land development and leveling, the site may have better landscape. However, this is

restricted only to the factory boundary and within factory shed. It will be replacement of

existing machinery. Hence there will be no change in land use pattern or soil quality.

Construction activities for the proposed development can have minor impact on hydrology

and ground water quality of the area if the construction waste leaches into the ground water

source. Potential sources of impacts on the hydrology and ground water quality during the

construction phase are as follows:

Soil runoff from the site leading to off-site contamination (particularly during rainy

season).

Improper disposal of construction debris leading to off-site contamination of water

resources.

Spillage of oil and grease from the vehicles and waste water generated on site

activities such as vehicles washing, workshop etc.

Following precautions and preventive measure will be taken at the site during construction to

avoid any ground and surface water contamination.

Not allowing water to leave the construction site.



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Disposal of construction debris in designated areas and reusing it.

Construction of storm water diversion channels to divert storm runoff from flowing

over the construction areas.

Installing oil and grease traps in construction workshop and vehicle parking areas.

Due to civil construction activities, during rainy season the surface run off may

contain more of eroded soil and other loose matter. Construction activities will be

avoided during rainy days to mitigate the small impacts on soil quality caused due to

construction activity.

With segregation of construction area and proper drainages provided prevents the

contamination of water due to soil erosion.

Discharge of untreated or inadequately treated wastewater effluent to canals and

drains with resulting effects on water quality and potential adverse effects on crops

and human health.

Disposal of solid waste, particularly that containing toxic or otherwise harmful

compounds with resulting detrimental effects on amenity, water quality and land

quality, and potential adverse effects on crops and human health.

The land at site is fairly level as it is a running plant, as such no leveling is required. No

additional land required for expansion. In view of this no deterioration of the existing

conditions will occur. Natural drainage will not be disturbed. Solid waste from construction

activities will be used within the premises under roads & refilling. The area being very small

there will not be any significant impact on land.

SOURCE IMPACT MITIGATION MEASURES

Rainfall Flooding and siltation problem

inside industrial premises due to

change in drainage system.

There will be no serious change in

drainage pattern as the excavation

process will be done under the existing

shed and in small area; Also construction

site is already leveled.

To avoid any change in slope and

drainage pattern, transport activity will

not be allowed on muddy or wet area.



104

Surface

runoff water

during rainy

days.

Flooding and siltation problem

outside industrial premises.

Care will be taken to avoid change in

existing drainage pattern and proper

drainage system already exists for rain

water channeling.

Construction

activities

Visual Aesthetics As the construction will occur in

industrial premises and in small area

there will be no harm to visual aesthetics.

Greenbelt development will improve the

aesthetics of industry.

4.2.5 (i) Demography & Socio Economic Pattern

Majority of population the villages of study area are Sikhs followed by Hindus, Muslims are

also there is small numbers. There is sizable population of Schedule Caste and Schedule

Tribes.

(ii) Employment

The area is not an industrial area but an agriculture belt. The main occupation & dependence

is agriculture. Small no. of steel units provides employment to some extent. The village level

development walks are executed through MGNREGA schemes. In the absence of high

employment potential, the people are economically backward. The project will address the

issue but to a limited extent.

(iii) Connectivity

The site is well connected with roads. Nearest highway is NH-44 at a distance of 5Km from

project site. Nearest railway station is Doraha which is 2.5 km form site and the nearest

airport is Ludhiana at a distance 6.0 km.

(iv) Basic amenities

These amenities as education, medical, electricity, drinking water, housing, transport, post &

telegraphs are available in the area.

4.2.6 Ecological Environment

Already being a heavily industrialized zone, the project area and its buffer as demarcated, has

little value in terms of terrestrial and aquatic biodiversity and their conservation. The faunal



105

and floral diversity observed during the field survey does not claim considerable attention as

most of the species observed are common throughout the region and no RET species or

endemic species were present. The area also does not possess the capacity to support such

ecologically important species and their conservation. The impact of the project activities

thus is understood to be negligible on the biological environment which is already disturbed

and diminished because of previous industrial activities. As a measure to minimize the

prevailing and forthcoming environmental impacts due to industrial pollution and activities, it

is planned to increase green areas through plantations in the available lands so that the local

faunal and floral biodiversity may increase.


Cutting of trees and

shrubs.

Reduction in flora No tree will be cut as the construction site is

already prepared and existing. Green belt is

developed which will improve quality of

surrounding nature.

Cutting of trees and

generation of noise

and vibration from

construction

machinery.

Migration of animals

and birds from

construction site.

No tree will cut during construction activity.

Green belt development will improve the

habitat of birds and small animals. There are

no wild animal present near the construction

site. The animals and birds present near the

construction site are already adapted to

existing surroundings. However proper care

will be taken to ensure their existence and

well being.

4.3 OPERATIONAL STAGE: - (LONG TERM)

The main source of pollution during operation will be the two new induction furnaces of 25

ton capacity each. The melting of scrap at high temperature produces gases and particulate

matter.

i) Ambient Air Environment

During operating stage of the industry the main source of pollution will be through scrap

melting inside the Induction furnace, I.F will produce emissions which will be treated

through bag filters before released into atmosphere. As the furnace is operated through



106

electricity, there will be no pollution through fuel burning.

Air modeling is done to obtain the ground level concentration of PM.

SOURCE IMPACT MITIGATION

Transport vehicles

DG sets

Increase in NOx, CO in

Ambient Air.

i) PUC Certified Vehicles will be used for

raw material transportation.

ii) Bag filters are provided to trap the

maximum amount of PM.

iii) Development of Green Belt in 33% area.

Fugitive emissions from

furnace. Fugitive emissions

during transportation and

processing of heated metal.

Dust generation during scrap

handling.

Indoor air Quality. i) Duct is provided over the furnace as an

exit for the Gases through stack.

ii) Opening on rooftop is provided to remove

indoor pollution

iii) Paving the usage area within the

premises

iv) Scrap metal will be cleaned before

melting.

The following are the detail of stack emission:

PARTICULARS CAPACITY FUEL USED STACK HEIGHT

APCD

INDUCTION FURNACE 8TPH

ELECTRICITY

40mtr

BAG FILTERS



LRF 30 TPH ELECTRICITY 35mtr BAG FILTERS

Rolling Mill 35 TPH FO (120lt/hrs) 35mt Alkali Scrubber


25mtr Noise less


25mtr Noise less



107

Specific Measures:

The I.F’s shall be provided with APCS comprising side suction hood, spark arrestor, bag

filter & ID fan will be provided.

The APCS will be operated and monitored as per SOP prescribed by the board.

Dispersal of gases & particulate through adequate stack height.

Fugitive emission during process operation will be controlled by ventilation system.

Heat dissipation in work zone will be effected by exhaust ventilation.

General Measures:

Regular sweeping and sprinkling of roads.

Speed level for vehicles.

Unnecessary blowing of horns and idling of vehicles will be prohibited.

Vehicles meeting the vehicular emission norms will be employed.

All internal roads are paved.

Air Pollution Impact Prediction through Modeling

Aermod Cloud

AERMOD is an air dispersion-modeling package, which seamlessly incorporates the popular

USEPA Models, ISCST3, ISC-PRIME and AERMOD into one interface without any

modifications to the models. These models are used extensively to assess pollution

concentration and deposition from a wide variety of sources.

Aermod Model

The AMS/EPA REGULATORY MODEL (AERMOD) was specially designed to support the

Environmental Regulatory Modeling Programs. AERMOD is a regulatory steady – state

modeling system with three separate components;

AERMOD (AERMIC Dispersion Model);

AERMAP (AERMOD Terrain Preprocessor); and

AERMET (AERMOD) Meteorological Preprocessor.

The AERMOD model includes a wide range of options for modeling air quality impacts of

pollution sources, making it popular choice among the modeling community for a variety of

applications. AERMOD requires two types of meteorological data files, a file containing

surface scalar parameters and a file containing vertical profiles. These two files are provided



108

by AERMET meteorological preprocessor program.

o PRIME building downwash algorithms based on the ISC – PRIME model have been

added to the AERMOD model;

o Use of arrays for data storage;

o Incorporation of EVENT processing for analyzing short-term source culpability;

o Explicit treatment of multiple – year meteorological data files and the annual average;

and Options to specify emissions that vary by season, hour-of-day and day-of-week.

Deposition algorithms have been implemented in the AERMOD model – results can be

output for concentration, total deposition flux, dry deposition flux, and / or wet deposition

flux. The model contains algorithms for modeling the effects of settling and removal of large

articulates and for modeling the effects of precipitation scavenging for gases or particulates.

Aermet

In order to conduct a refined air dispersion modeling project using the AERMOD short term

air quality dispersion model, it is necessary to process the meteorological data representative

of the study area being modeled. The collected meteorological data is not always in the

format supported by the model; therefore the meteorological data needs to be pre-processed

using AERMET program.

The AERMET program is a meteorological preprocessor, which prepares hourly surface data

and upper air data for use in the AERMOD air quality dispersion model. AERMET is

designed to allow future enhancements to process other types of data and to compute

boundary layer parameters with different algorithms. AERMET processes meteorological

data in three stages and from this process two files are generated for use with the AERMOD

model. A surface file of hourly boundary layer parameters estimates a profile file of multiple-

level observations of wind speed, wind direction, temperature and standard deviation of the

fluctuating wind components.



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Application of AERMOD

The AERMOD model with the following assumptions has been used to predict the

cumulative GLC due to emissions from the proposed activity:

The stack tip down wash is not considered.

Plume rise is estimated by Brigg’s formula but the final rise is limited to that of

mixing layer.

Buoyancy induced dispersion is used to describe the increase in plume dispersion.

Calm processing route is used by default.

Complex terrain is used in computation.

It is assumed that the pollutants don’t undergo any physico-chemical transformation

and there is no pollutant removal by dry deposition.

Wash out due to rain is not considered.

Receptors on that terrain with no flag pole have been considered.

Atmospheric Stability

The stability class has been estimated using the hourly monitored wind velocity along with

the other computed data.

Mixing Heights

Due to non availability of site specific missing heights “ Hourly Mixing Heights &

Dissimilative Capacity of Atmosphere in India” published by Environment Monitoring &

Research Centre, IMD, New Delhi has been referred for hourly mixing heights.

Meteorological Data

The hourly meteorological data recorded at site is converted to the mean hourly

meteorological data as specified by CPCB and the same has been used in the model. Hourly

mixing heights are taken from the “Atlas of Hourly Mixing Height and Assimilative Capacity

of Atmosphere in India” published by India meteorological department, 2008, New Delhi.

The meteorological data recorded during study period continuously on wind speed, wind

direction, temperature etc., have been processed to extract the data required for simulation by

AERMOD using AERMET.

Dispersion Modeling Results

The 24 hourly average ground level concentration (GLC) values from proposed project have

been computed for PM considering topographical featured around the proposed project and



110

applicable stability classes. Input data for air quality modeling is given in Table 4.1. The

predicted 24 hourly short terms Maximum Incremental Concentration values for PM10 from

the proposed project are given in Table- 4.2. Corresponding isopleths plotted are shown in

Figure 4.1.

Table 4.1

Input data for Air Quality Modeling

S. No. Items Value

1. Stack height 30 m from GL

2. Stack diameter 1.0 m

3. Temperature of stack gas 80 °C

4. Velocity of gases 9.3 m/sec

5. PM concentration 50 mg/Nm3

6. Emission rate 0.3 g/sec

Table-4.2

Predicted 24 hourly short terms Maximum Incremental Concentrations

Pollutants Maximum GLC in

µg/m3

Baseline

concentration in

µg/m3

Baseline Concentration after

project implementation in

µg/m3

PM10 1.47 88.1 89.57

Predicted GLC’s of the proposed project

It is predicted that the maximum contribution in GLC’s, with units operation are 1.47 µg/m3

for TSP at 75 m West North West (WNW) direction from stack.



111

Fig 4.1: Isopleths showing 24 hourly predicted GLC’s of TSP


112

ii) Water Environment


Leaching of domestic and

industrial waste water.

Groundwater

contamination

After expansion domestic waste water

generation will be 26.4 KLD which will be

treated through STP.

The storage tank and pipelines will be

properly maintained to avoid any leakages.

Domestic and industrial

waste water.

Surface water

contamination.

All the pipelines carrying domestic and

industrial water will be checked regularly

for leakages.

Increase in water drawl

through tube well. Water

use for domestic and

industrial purposes.

Effect on ground water

level.

Groundwater will be recharged through

rainwater harvesting.

Domestic wastewater will be used for

plantation after treatment through STP.

Water Conservation Measures:

Installation of water conservation.

Urinals to reduce flushing demand.

STP treated water to be used in plantation/ & make up for C.T.

Reheating furnace will be used occasionally to reduce C.W demand.

Push type drinking water taps to be used in place of convention taps.

iii) Noise Environment

There will be no noise producing machinery or equipment except D.G. sets which will be placed

in acoustically sound proof room causing least disturbance in the area. There is no likelihood of

change in noise environment.

iv) Land Environment

No additional land has been acquired for the unit. The machinery will be installed on the

acquired land. There will be no adverse effect on the land environment with the coming up of the

unit.


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Rainfall. Flooding and siltation

problem inside industrial

premises.

To avoid any change in slope and drainage

pattern, transport activity will not be allowed

on muddy or wet area

Surface runoff

water during rainy

days.

Flooding and siltation

problem outside

industrial premises.

Care will be taken to avoid change in existing

drainage pattern and proper drainage system is

already provided for rain water.

v) Socio Economic

Social aspects can be defined as the consequences to people of any proposed action that changes

the way they live, work, relate to one another, organize themselves and function as individuals

and members of society. This includes social-psychological changes, for example to people’s

values, attitudes and perceptions of themselves and their community and environment.

Sometimes impact on people can be by far the most important consideration. Adverse social

impacts can reduce the intended benefits of a proposal, and can threaten its viability if they are

severe enough.

Broadly social and economic aspects could be as under:-

1 Individual Life Style – These are ways people behave & relate to family, friends & cohorts

on day to day basis.

2 Community aspects- These are infrastructure, services, voluntary organizations, activity

networks and cohesion.

3 Health aspects- These include mental, physical and social wellbeing of the persons in

general

4 Rehabilitation and Resettlement- These include displacement of families beyond defined

thresholds. There is no rehabilitation and resettlement of people involve in the project.


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vi) Soil Environment


Solid waste

Liquid waste

Dust from Scrap

Soil contamination i) About 46.74 of slag which is not a

H.W will be generated and the same

after recovering of iron will be supplied

to manufacturers of cement concrete

blocks, pavers & tiles under proper

agreement.

ii) Sprinkling of water will be done on

the scrap material to avoid dust

generation and direct contact of scrap

with the soil will be avoided.

Particulate matter

from Stack

emission

Particulate matter

when settles down

on agricultural

fields, can reduce its

Porosity and water

and mineral soaking

capacity and hence

its fertility.

Proper stack height is provided to

disperse the PM in air.

Bag filters are provided to trap the

maximum amount of PM.

(vii) Ecological Environment

As the proposed expansion is being undertaken in the existing premises involving no

environmental sensitivities, there is little likelihood of impact on ecology of area as the impacts

if any will be manifested over a few hundred meters radius having no wildlife.

However, an elaborate green belt in minimum 33% of project area will be developed to

ameliorate fugitive emission & noise from plant.

(viii) Solid & Hazardous Waste

Secondary metallurgical operations generate solid waste some of which are hazardous.

Therefore, arrangement will be in place for their disposal.


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Solid Waste

Furnace slag after iron recovery will be disposed off to manufacturers of cement concrete blocks,

pavers and tiles under proper offtake agreement.

Hazardous Waste

i. Flue gas cleaning residue (APCD dust) which is a hazardous waste shall be disposed off to

approved reprocessors.

ii. Used oil from D.G. set is being used as lubricant within the industry or else will be given to

approved recyclers.

Waste Refracting Material

This shall be given to suppliers under take back agreement.

Environmental sound technologies for Recycling of Hazardous Waste

The major H.W generated of M/s Aarti Steels Limited (Machhiwara road). is used oil, zinc &

lead being flue gas cleaning residues. However, it is not involved in recycling of any identified

H.W. The same will be disposed off to approve reprocessors/recyclers.

(ix) Additional Management Approach

In order to ameliorate the adverse environmental impacts of project for scientific development a

comprehensive Environmental Management Plan (EMP) shall be prepared based on the existing

environmental conditions, impacts appraisal and environmental prediction. The EMP will take

care of formulation, implementation and the monitoring of environmental protection measures

during the construction and operation of project.

4.4 Occupational Safety and Health

During construction phase, work force may be exposed to variety of physical hazards depending

upon the specific work function. The most significant occupational hazards may include fall

from height, carrying heavy loads, accidents due to malfunctioning of machinery and falling

objects from height etc.

4.4.1General Safety Measures

Standard methods and machinery is being used.

Use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is mandatory.


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Elevated platforms and walkways, and stairways and ramps are equipped with handrails, toe

boards and non-slip surfaces.

Electrical equipment will be grounded, well insulated and conform to applicable codes.

Employees are/will be provided with hard hats, safety boots, eye and ear protection, and snug

fitting gloves as appropriate.

Masks and dust-proof clothing are/will be provided to personnel working in areas with high

dust levels.

4.4.2 General Health Measures

Sanitation facilities are well equipped with supplies (e.g., protective creams) and employees

are being encouraged to wash frequently, particularly those exposed to dust.

Ventilation systems have been provided to control work area temperatures and humidity;

Pre-employment and periodic medical examinations are being conducted for all personnel,

and specific surveillance programs instituted for personnel potentially exposed to health

hazards.

4.4.3 Occupational Health Monitoring

At the time of placement each worker is medically examined by a qualified doctor to ascertain

his physical fitness for specific job. During the course of employment, the workers are examined

for such parameters as

Chest X-ray

Vision

Audiometry

Spirometry

ECG,

The examination is conducted once in six months in the occupational health centre by a part time

factory medical officer, to evaluate the affect of exposure. The medical examination records are

maintained and made available to workers as well as inspectorate of factories. The records are

maintained in the following format.

Name of Employee

Age

Dept


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General physical condition

Eye sight

Color recognition

ECG

Chest x -ray

Audiometery

Spirometry

Any Other observation

Suitability for work

Remark: In my opinion, the above employee is fit /unfit for the work in the manufacturing

process operations in steel manufacturing unit.

Signature of Doctor

4.4.4 Occupational Audit, Frequency, Review and Corrective action

Occupational audit is conducted once in a year and self certification as introduced by Directorate

of Punjab. However, statutory compliance clarified by external agencies is employed

4.4.5 Corrective Measures

As a follow up of audit by external agencies, corrective actions are taken against major and

minor non-conformances. A major non conformance results from absence of documented and

implementation process or absence of process, minor non conformance results from partially

documented and implementation process. An action plan is chalked, detailing the action to be

taken to address any identified non conformance by including the responsibility for personal and

subsequent completion dates. The action is taken within 30 days of receiving the audit report.

CONCLUSION

It can be seen from the assessment of impacts that the proposed construction and operation of

unit will not have any significant impact on the surrounding environment. Proper arrangements

for collection and treatment of effluents and supply of water are unlikely to affect water

environment adversely. Proper pollution control measures proposed for furnaces and disposal of

hazardous waste would ensure that air, water, solid waste and noise environment do not have any

adverse impact. It is concluded that with the adoption of appropriate mitigation and

enhancement measures, there will be improvement in the development of commercial


118

activities, generation of direct and indirect employment opportunities and the overall

quality of life in the surrounding area.


119

CHAPTER - 5.0

ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

5.1 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE SITES FOR LOCATION OF PROPOSED

EXPANSION

Since the proposed expansion is being carried out in existing premises, it is viable on account of

the following: The land area of 23.22 acres is already under the possession of promoters and is

sufficient to carry out proposed expansion.

No forest land is involved.

The site has easy access to raw material, road, rail connectivity and market.

Power connectivity from PSPCL. The total 51 KW Power Grid is viable to meet the

requirement of continuous power supply due to proposed expansion and there shall not be

any impacts on the surrounding consumers.

Water Requirement from own tube well already existing in a premises.

Manpower availability from nearby areas.

No resettlement and rehabilitation issues.

Absence of areas of archeological and historical importance within 10 km radius.

Based on the above criterion, proposed site is conducive to undertake expansion.

5.2 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE FOR TECHNOLOGY SELECTION

The proposed expansion involves the replacement of existing I.F with furnace of higher capacity

which has been considered technologically best on account of the following: Optimized

consistency;

Consistence in quality issues.

Quick start up, production rate can be customized.

Since, in I.F no direct contact with flame or heating elements is involved, the product quality

is improved.

Site specific heat is supplied to the small area without heating any other part thereby

insuring extended life of fixtures

Induction heating does not burn traditional fossils fuel. The system is environmentally

sound.

Reduced energy consumption thereby reduced utility bills.


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No warm up or cool down cycle is required.

Least Environment Pollution.

5.3 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION:

Based on the analysis of alternatives site and technology, the undertaking of expansion at the

existing site is justified.


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CHAPTER -6

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM

6.0 Prelude

Assessment of environmental and social impacts arising due to implementation of the proposed

project activities is at the technical heart of EIA process. An equally essential element of this

process is to develop measures to eliminate, offset or reduce impacts to acceptable levels during

implementation and operation of projects. The integration of such measures into project

implementation and operation is supported by clearly defining the environmental requirements

within an Environmental Management Plan (EMP).

6.1 Environment Monitoring Program

The monitoring of environmental parameters like air, water, noise, soil, and meteorological data

and performance of pollution control facilities and safety measures in the plant are vital for

Environmental management of any industrial project.

Therefore, the company shall create environmental monitoring facilities by the environmental

and safety department to monitor air and water pollutants as per the guideline. Moreover, air,

noise, drinking water, STP and soil shall be monitored by outside agencies authorized by

Pollution Control Board at regular frequencies. This department shall also carry out periodically

check of fire and safety equipment.

6.2 Objective of Monitoring Plan

The basic objective of implementing a monitoring plan on a regular basis is as follows:

Know the pollution status within the plant and its vicinity. Generate data for corrective

action in respect of pollution

Examine the adequacy of pollution control system

Assess the Environmental impacts

6.3 Schedules for Environment Monitoring

As no project can succeed unless it is monitored at regular intervals & results analyzed. Keeping

this requirement in view an elaborate Monitoring programme has been developed for this project.

Regular monitoring of all significant environmental parameters will be carried out to check the

compliance status vis-à-vis the environmental laws and regulations.


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The objectives of the monitoring will be as follows:

To verify the results of the Impact Assessment Study with respect to the proposed projects.

To study the trend of concentrated values of the parameters, which have been identified as

critical and then planning the mitigating measures.

To check and assess the efficacy of pollution control equipment.

To ensure that any additional parameters, other than those identified in the impact, do not turn

critical after the commissioning of proposed project.

A comprehensive Environmental Monitoring Program that has been prepared for the

purpose of implementation in the proposed Industrial unit is given below:

Identification of any environmental problems that are occurring in the area.

Initiating or providing solution to those problems through designated channels and

verification of the implementation status.

Controlling activities inside the project, until the environmental problem has been corrected.

Suitably responding to emergency situations.

To implement the EMP, a structured Environment Management Cell (EMC) interwoven with the

existing management system will be created. EMC will undertake regular monitoring of the

environment and conduct yearly audit of the environmental performance during the construction

of the project. It will also check that the stipulated measures are being satisfactorily implemented

and operated. It shall also co-ordinate with local authorities to see that all environmental

measures are well coordinated. EMC detail is provided at Chapter- 10.

6.4 Environmental Monitoring during Construction Phase

The environmental monitoring cell of the construction team will be coordinating all the

monitoring programs during the construction phase of the proposed expansion project. The

proposed monitoring schedule during the construction phase of the project is outlined in


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Table- 6.1

Environmental Monitoring Program for Construction Phase


Monitored Frequency

Ambient Air Quality

Two locations:

upwind direction and

downwind direction

PM2.5, PM10.

SO2, NOx and

CO

Twice a year or as per conditions

of EC

Ambient Noise Two locations

Day & Night

Equivalent Noise

Level


of EC

Groundwater One location As per standards Twice a year or as per conditions

of EC

Soil Quality 2 location outside the

project site As per standards


of EC

DG Stack

Monitoring

DG sets used during

the construction

Particulate Matter,

SO2, NOx


of EC

6.5 Environmental Monitoring during Operation Phase

The environmental monitoring cell will co-ordinate all the monitoring programs at the industry

and data thus generated will be regularly furnished to the State Regulatory Agencies. The

proposed monitoring schedule during the construction phase of the project is outlined in

6.5.1 Plantation

Plant growth, its maintenance and survival rate will be monitored. Suggestion of horticulturist

will be taken for this purpose.

6.5.2 Budget allocation for Environment Management

To maintain the environmental parameters within the stipulated standards, regular monitoring of

various environmental components is necessary which will complied as per conditions. Cost of

monitoring of environmental parameters for Air, Water, Noise and stack is ₹. 115 lakh and cost

for Solid Waste Management, RWH, Safety and Risk Management, Environment Monitoring


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and Management, Miscellaneous ₹37 lakh.

Table-6.2

Environmental Monitoring Program for Operation Phase


Monitored Frequency

Furnace

Emissions Stack attached to APCD PM, SO2, NOx and CO

Twice a year or as per

conditions of EC or as

per requirement of

Furnace slag Storage of slag

Na2O, MgO, Al2O3,

SiO2, CaO, TiO2, MnO Once a year

Ambient Air

Quality

At 2 locations (one inside

the project site & one at

boundary of the project site

along predominant wind

direction)

PM10, PM2.5, SO2,

NOx & CO



per requirement of

SPCB

Ambient Noise

At 2 locations (one inside

the project site & one at

boundary of the project

site)

Day & Night Equivalent

Noise Level



per requirement of

SPCB

Occupational

Health

Continuous

database

management of

causalities

General Health aspects Yearly

DG Stack

Monitoring

DG sets used during the

construction

Particulate Matter, SO2,

NOx


conditions of EC


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CHAPTER -7.0

ADDITIONAL STUDIES

7.0 PREAMBLE

In this chapter following issues are described and have been carried out at Village

Bhagwanpura, Dehlon Road, Tehsil- Ludhiana East, District- Ludhiana, Punjab.

PUBLIC CONSULTATION

RISK ASSESSMENT

7.1 PUBLIC CONSULTATION

Draft EIA report has been prepared for the purpose of Public Hearing.

7.2 Possible Risks

Industrial accidents result in great personal and financial loss. Managing these accidental risks

in today’s environment is the concern of every industry because the real or perceived incidents

can quickly jeopardize the financial viability of a business. Many facilities involve various

manufacturing processes that have the potential for accidents which may be catastrophic to the

plant, work force and environment or public. The main objective of the risk management study

is to propose a comprehensive but simple approach to carry out risk analysis and conducting

feasibility studies for industries including planning and management of industrial prototype

hazard analysis study in the Indian context.

Risk analysis and risk assessment provide details on Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA)

techniques used the world over to determine risk posed to people who work inside or live near

hazardous facilities and to aid in preparing effective emergency response plans by delineating a

Disaster Management Plan (DMP) to handle on-site and off-site emergencies. Hence, QRA is

an invaluable method for making informed risk based process safety and environmental impact

planning decisions, as well as being fundamental to any facility-sitting decision making. QRA

whether site specific or risk specific for any plant is complex. It needs extensive study that

involves process understanding, hazard identification, consequence modeling, probability date,

vulnerability model/data, local weather, terrain conditions and local population data. QRA may

be carried out to serve the following objectives:

Identification of safety areas.

Identification of hazard sources.


126

Generation of accidental release scenarios for escape of hazardous materials from the

facility.

Identification of vulnerable units with recourse to hazard indices.

Estimation of damage distances for the accidental release scenarios with recourse to

Maximum Credible Accident (MCA) analysis.

Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOP) in order to identify potential failure cases of

significant consequences.

Estimation of probability of occurrences of hazardous events through fault tree analysis

and computation of reliability of various control paths.

Assessment of risk on the basis of above evaluation against the risk acceptability criteria

relevant to the situation.

Risk mitigation measures based on engineering judgment, reliability and risk analysis

approaches.

Delineation/up-gradation of DMP.

Safety Reports with external safety report/ occupational safety report.

The Risk Assessment Report covers the following in terms of the extent of damage with

recourse to MCA analysis and delineation of risk mitigation measures with an approach to

DMP

Hazard identification: Identification of hazardous activities, hazardous materials, past

accident records etc.

Hazard quantification: Consequence analysis to assess the impacts.

Risk presentation.

Risk mitigation measures.

Disaster Management Plan.

Identification of Hazards

Identification of hazards in the proposed plant is of primary significance in the analysis,

quantification and cost effective control of accidents involving materials and process. A

classical definition of hazard stated that hazard is in fact the characteristics of system /plant/

process that presents potential for an accident. Hence, all the components of a system/ plant/

process need to be thoroughly examined to assess their potential for initiating or propagating an


127

unplanned event/ sequence of events, which can be termed as an accident. The following two

methods for hazards identification have been employed in the study:

Identification of major hazardous units based on Manufacture, Storage and Import of

Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 1989 of Government of India (GOI Rules, 1989) and

Identification of hazardous units and segments of plants and storage units based on relative

ranking technique, viz. Fire-Explosion and toxicity Index (FE & TI). Details are given in

EIA report. The brief of risk involved due to hazardous situation and the .safety systems are

given below:

Table 7.0 Hazard Identification & proposed safety system:

S.No Plant Area Causes Consequences Mitigation Measures

1. Furnace Operation Moisture

containing scrap

& recirculating

water coming in

contact with

molten metal

Steam

Explosion

Usage of moisture

free R.M

Drying of R.M

2. Transformer Area Oil temperature

build up

Unsafe

electrical

installation

Varying room

temperature

Sudden flashing

of fire &

bursting

Proper Electrical

installation

Transformer room

temperature

monitoring

3. H.T electrical

installation

Loose Fowls,

cable cut, short

circuits & burning

of fuse

Sparks in the

beginning &

devastative fire

if neglected

Properly laid cables &

switches & fuse

4. Extremely Hot

Working area

Heat from

Furnace, Unsafe

clothing, seasonal

factors e.g.

Heat Shocks Rotation of workers

Exhaust air

ventilation


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temperature, pH &

air movement

Shielding from

radiant heat

5. Furnace & Moulding Touching Hot

Surface

Splashing of

molten metal

Radiation

Burns Providing specific

PPE are to measures

risk of manual

operation

Protective barriers to

explosion

6. Furnace & moulding UV & IR radiation

of high intensities

from molten metal

pouring

High Radiation Safety education to

workers

Labelling of risky

areas

Providing suitable

PPE

Exposure Limits

The exposure level of work zone concentrations are within the Permissible Exposure Level

(PEL) as specified in Section 41F, Sch-II of Factories Act, 1948 (Permissible Level of certain

Chemical Substance in Work Environment) and the OSHA standards for Permissible Noise

Exposures which are reproduced below:

S.No. Duration per day in

Hours

Sound Level dB(A) slow

response

Remarks

1. 8 90 1. No noise environment

excess of 115 dB (A) is to

be produced.

2. For any period of

exposure falling between

any figures indicated in

column I, the permissible

sound level is determined

2. 6 92

3. 4 95

4. 3 97

5. 2 100

6. 1½ 102

7. 1 105

8. ½ 110


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9. ¼ or less 115 by exposure.

All effects shall be made to comply with the standards after the operation of proposed expansion.

Ambient Air Quality Standards in respect of noise:

Area Code Category of Area Level in dB (A) Leq

Day Time Night Time

(A) Industrial Area 75 70

(B) Commercial Area 65 55

(C) Residential Area 55 45

(D) Silence Zone 50 40

Hazard Assessment & Evaluation

A preliminary hazard analysis shall be carried out to identify major hazards associated with

storages in the facility. This is followed by consequence analysis to quantify these hazards.

Finally the vulnerable zones are plotted for which risk reducing measures are deduced and

implemented.

Before evaluating the environmental risks the following terms related to environmental risks are

defined.

Term Environmental Risks

Harm Damage to person, property or the environment

Hazard Situation that poses a threat to life, health, property or the environment

Risks The likely hand of harm or harmful occurrence and its severity,

Environmental risk is a measure of potential threats to the environment, life

& property.

Consequences Effect due to the occurrence of event endangering the environment

temporarily or permanent.

Environmental

Disorder

The consequences is so severe that it can extensively damage anyone or all

the four components of environment namely:

Physiochemical

Biological


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Humans &

Aesthetic

Environmental Risk Evaluation

Risk analysis (RA) is a sort of scrutinizing vehicle for establishing the perversely in risk

management that concerns human health and the environmental quality in general. Though the

proposed facility is not manufacturing, storage or handling any potentially hazardous/toxic

chemicals as scheduled in the MSIHC Rules 1989 and its subsequent amendments, the Risk

Management measures for the proposed project are:

The adaption of best safety practices.

Incorporation in design and engineering facilities/protection measures for release to air,

water, environment and land.

Electrical safety by quick response circuit breakers.

Adequate fire protection system.

Frequent Causes of Accidents

Fire and explosion, explosives, flammable material.

Struck by falling objects.

Snapping of cables, ropes, chains & slings.

Handling heavy objects.

Electricity (electrocution).

Poor illumination.

Falls from height inside industrial units or on the ground.

Struck by moving objects.

Slipping on wet surfaces.

Sharp objects.

Oxygen deficiency in confined spaces.

Lack of personal protective equipment (PPE), housekeeping practices Safety signs.

Hackles, hooks & chains.

Cranes, winches, hoisting and hauling equipment.

Physical Hazards


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Noise.

Extreme temperatures.

Vibration.

Hazardous Substances & Wastes

Heavy and toxic metals.

Organo metallic substances.

Lack of hazard communication (storage, labeling, material safety data sheets).

Fire-fighting liquids.

Welding fumes.

Volatile organic compounds (solvents).

Inhalation in confined and enclosed spaces.

Physical hazards.

Noise.

Extreme temperatures.

Vibration Radiation.

(UV, radioactive materials).

Mechanical Hazards

Trucks and transport vehicles.

Scaffolding, fixed and portable ladders.

Impact by tools, sharp-edged tools.

Power-driven hand tools, saws, grinders and abrasive cutting wheels.

Failure of machinery and equipment.

Poor maintenance of machinery and equipment.

Lack of safety guards in machines.

Structural failure.

Ergonomic & Psychosocial Hazards

Repetitive strain injuries, awkward postures, repetitive & monotonous work,

excessive workload.

Long working hours, shift work, night work, temporary employment.


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Mental stress, human relations (aggressive behavior, alcohol and drug abuse,

violence).

Poverty, low wages, minimum age, lack of education and social environment.

General Concerns

Lack of safety and health training.

Poor work environment.

Inadequate housing and sanitation.

Inadequate accident prevention and inspection.

Inadequate emergency, first-aid and rescue facilities.

Lack of medical facilities and social protection.

Major Hazards

Induction Furnace

Moist scrap being charged may cause explosion.

Cooling water in contact with molten metal may cause explosion.

Radioactive scrap being charged librates extremely harmful radiation.

Explosive material present in scrap may cause explosion.

Continuous Casting Machine

Spillage of molten metal can occur resulting in damage to mechanical and civil structures,

electrical cables and hydraulic equipments.

Prevention and Control of Fire and Explosion

Operational staff is being and shall be trained for safe work practices.

Risk assessment to consider the potential impact of explosion in and outside the plant.

Regular safety audits shall be undertaken.

Refractories shall be preheated and dried before use.

Scrap will be inspected, shredded and cut to size before put to use.

Nature of Hazards

Equipment/Process Associated Hazard Induction/LRF Hot metal spillage/ steam and fire explosion Continuous Casting Machine Hot metal spillage


133

Rolling Mill Hot metal spillage Electrical rooms Fire and Electrocution Transformer area Fire and Electrocution

Possible Hazards & Risks from Secondary Metallurgical Industries


which have high levels of attention area identified in Table 7.1.

Table-7.1 Possible Risk

S.No. Plant Area Possible Deviation from

normal operation




with the molten iron or

slag.

Leakage of water

from the walls

Spurting of metal/

slag.

Explosion under

extreme cases.



materials.

Fire Sudden fire &

flames

2 High Power

Transformer


high.

Varying room

Temperatures.

Sudden flashing of

fire or bursting.

3 High Tension

Electrical

Installation



Loose joints, cable


short circuits etc.

Sparks in the

beginning,

devastating fire if

neglected.

Table 7.2

Specific Hazard & their Control

S.No. Hazard Reason Control Measures

1 Molten Metal

Explosion

- Steam Explosion

- Use of oxidized or rusted

iron.

- Damp refractories or tools.

- Containers of aerosols

mobile & phone batteries.

- Checking the refractories

moisture & strategies for

pre-heating the furnace &

the refractories.


134

- Chemical Explosion - Accidentally mixing of

oxidizing substance e.g.

KNO3 (NH4)2NO3 in furnace.

- Incorrect combination/ ratio

of metals being processed.

- Proper storage system to

ensure against accidental use

and outside the excessive

heat area. Storage paints,

solvents and other

combustible material

specially.

2 Heat Stress - Working in extreme hot

condition.

- Shielding heat radiations

from hot surface.

- Supply of clean drinking

water

- Educating workers about the


exposure.

- Short breaks & rotation of

workers.

3 Burns - Splashing of molten material

- Touching of hot surface

- radiation

- Providing specific PPE’s

- Providing protective barriers

to minimum exposure.

- Proper design & Process

Control.

- Automation to minimize risk

associated with material

handling or casting.

3 Light Radiation - UV & IR radiations of high

intensity from molten metal

especially the pouring areas.

- Educating the workers

regarding risks and safety

measures.

- Proper labeling of risky

areas w.r.t radiation.

- Shielding of workers and

providing proper PPE’s.


135

First Aid Measures

Following first aid measures will be taken:

a. Eye Contact: Rinse eyes thoroughly with water for at least 15 minutes, including under

lids, to remove all particles. Seek medical attention for abrasions and burns.

b. Skin Contact: Wash with cool water and a pH neutral soap or a milk skin detergent. Seek

medical attention for rash, burns, irritation and dermatitis.

c. Inhalation: Move person to fresh air. Seek medical attention for discomfort or if coughing

or other symptoms.

d. Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. If conscious, have person drink plenty of water. Seek

medical attention.

Exposure Controls & Personal Protection

Exposure Controls

➢ Control of dust through implementation of good housekeeping and maintenance.

➢ Proper fume and dust extraction system to control fume/dust emission in work zone.

➢ Use of PPE, as appropriate (e.g. masks and respirators).

➢ Use of mobile vacuum cleaning systems to prevent dust buildup on paved areas.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

➢ Respiratory Protection: When the dust level is beyond exposure limits or when dust causes

irritation or discomfort use respirator.

➢ Eye Protection: Wear Safety goggles to avoid dust contact with the eyes. Contact lenses

should not be worn when handling the materials.

➢ Skin Protection: Wear impervious abrasion and alkali resistant gloves, boots, long sleeved

shirt, long pants or other protective clothing to prevent skin contact.

Fire Fighting Facilities

➢ Keeping in view the nature of fire and vulnerability of the equipment and the premises,

following fire protection facilities have been envisaged for the plant.

Hydrant System

➢ Internal hydrants will be provided in all major plant units at suitable locations and in


136

different levels inside the plant buildings. Internal hydrants will also be provided for

conveyor galleries. Yard hydrants will be provided in the vicinity of each plant unit,

normally along the road to meet the additional requirement of water to extinguish fire.

Portable Fire Extinguishers

➢ All plant units, office buildings, laboratory, welfare buildings, etc. will be provided with

adequate number of portable fire extinguishers to be used as first aid fire appliances.

Sufficient quantities of the following extinguishers will be provided at strategic locations in

the plant.

Other Safety Measures

Safety training to the workers will be given.

PPE will be provided to the workers.

The maintenance and cleaning of bag filters will be carried out regularly.

The dust removal efficiency of bag filters will be check regularly.

Work place environment monitoring will be carried out regularly and records will be

maintained.

Good housekeeping will be implemented in the plant.

First aid box will be provided.

The industry will provide adequate lighting facility inside the plant premises.

General ventilation will be provided to control dust levels below exposure limits.

Fire extinguishers will be provided to withstand the fire or explosion condition.

Pre-employment and periodical medical examination of workers will be done by

government approved medical practitioners and the details will be recorded as per the

Regulations.

The industry will prepare on-site emergency plan.

In case any emergency, arrangement of ambulance van will be done from nearest Hospital.

Two main gates will be provided for entry and exit of the workers.

Disaster Management Plan (DMP)

Disaster

Disaster is an unplanned event that can cause death or significant injuries to employees,

customers or public. It is a catastrophic situation in which suddenly, people are plunged into


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helplessness and suffering. As a result, they need protection, clothing, shelter, medical, social

care and other necessities of life.

Disasters can be divided into two main groups, namely, natural and manmade. There can be no

set criteria for assessing the gravity of a disaster, since this depends to a large extent on the

physical, economic and social environment in which it occurs. However, all disasters bring in

similar consequences that call for immediate action, whether at the local, national or international

level for the rescue and relief of the victims.

Objectives of Disaster Management Plan

Disaster Management Plan (DMP) is the process of preparing for mitigating measures,

responding to and recovering from an emergency. The DMP is aimed at ensuring safety of life,

protection of environment, protection of installation, restoration of production and salvage

operations, in this same order of priorities. For effective implementation of the DMP, it should be

widely circulated and personnel training should be provided through rehearsals/ drills.

The DMP should reflect the probable consequences of the undesired event due to deteriorating

conditions or through ‘Knock on’ effects. Further the management should be able to demonstrate

that their assessment of the consequences uses good supporting evidence and is based on

available and reliable information, incident data from internal and external sources, and, if

necessary, the reports of outside agencies.

The objective of the industrial DMP is to make use of the combined resources of the plant and the

outside services to achieve the following:

➢ Effect the rescue and medical treatment of causalities.

➢ Safeguard other people.

➢ Minimize damage to property and the environment.

➢ Initially contain and ultimately bring the incident under control.

➢ Provide authoritative information to the news media.

➢ Secure the safe rehabilitation of affected area.

➢ Preserve relevant records and equipment for the subsequent inquiry into the cause and

circumstances of the emergency.

➢ In effect, it is to optimize that the operational efficiency to rescue, rehabilitate and render

medical help and restore normalcy.


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Emergency Plan

Emergency planning is primary for the protection of plant personnel and people in nearby areas

and the environment that could be affected by unplanned hazardous events. The emergency may

arise from the leakage, explosion caused by over pressure in equipment, chemical storage and

handling, fire due to combustible material and social disorder.

Furnace Hazard

Furnaces are associated with fire and electrical hazard due to sudden generation of pressure or

temperature that leads to damage, injury and death. Temperature and pressure are closely related,

and when flammable or combustible mixture is present in process equipment that leads to worst


Safety Measures

➢ Installation of automatic alarm.

➢ Explosion suppression system with detector technique and suppressant.

➢ Means of shutting off the power and raw material supply.

➢ Standard Operating Practices (SOPs) for starting sequence of furnace should include along

with checkup for exhaust system prior to ignition

➢ Piping, valves and fitting should be metallic and be in accordance with NFPA-30. (Flammable

& combustible liquid code)

Fire & Explosion

Fire consequences can be disastrous, since they involve high voltage current and huge quantities

of raw material with fuel either stored or in dynamic inventory in conveyors or hoppers or in

nearby areas. Toxic releases can affect persons working around.

Preliminary Hazard Analysis has provides a basis for consequence estimation. Estimation can be

made by using various pool fires, tank fire consequence calculations.

During the study of Risk Assessment, the nature of damages is worked out and probability of

occurrence of such hazards is also drawn up. The aim of DMP is to introduce the pragmatic

guidelines for safe storage and warehousing of hazardous/ combustible materials, thus protecting

human health and environment. The following control/ mitigating measures should be adopted.

Eliminate all sources of ignition. However, it is difficult to ascertain.


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All the sources of ignition, especially if there are any moving parts.

DCP type extinguishers are recommended.

All emergency and safety related equipment must be frequently and regularly checked and

maintained to ensure that their condition is satisfactory. Records should be kept of all checks

and maintenance carried out on this equipment.

The necessary first aid equipment should include emergency showers and eyewash facilities.

The firefighting media should be selected according to mode of action and their use in

combating or preventing the spread of fire. It may be water, dry chemical powder, carbon

dioxide and foam.

Extinguishers should be fitted with means to provide visual indications that the unit has

partially or wholly been discharged.

A fire detection alarm and automatically activated CO or equal fire suppression

system should be provided in the electrical room.

On-Site Emergency Plan

On-site emergency is caused by an accident that takes place in a hazardous installation and the

effects are confined to factory premises involving the people working in the factory. Preparation

of On-site Emergency plan is the responsibility of Factory Management. When the consequences

of an emergency situation are restricted essentially within plan boundaries/ premises, it becomes

an on-site emergency. Site - Emergency is under the control of senior offer of the organization

not below the rank of General Manager. Separate cell will be created to handle emergency

occurred due to natural or man–made disasters. Evacuation plan will be prepared. Fire tenders,

ambulance and mobile hospital facilities will be provided to the victims at the shortest time. One

Health Centre equipped with modern technology will be identified which has tied up with

Government district hospital to get services of the various areas.

Emergency Communication

Whoever notices an emergency situation such as fire, growth of fire, leakage etc. should inform

his immediate superior and Emergency control center. The person on duty in the Emergency

Control Centre should appraise the Site Main Controller (SMC).

Emergency Responsibilities

a. Site Controller


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On receiving information about emergency, he would rush to Emergency Control Center (ECC).

Declares Emergency and orders for operation of emergency siren. He has to organize

announcement by public address system about the location of emergency. He would assess

which areas are likely to be affected, or need to be evacuated or are to be alerted.

b. Incident Controller

The incident controller assembles the incident control team, directs operations within the

affected areas, directs the shutting down and evacuation of plant, ensures that all key personnel

help is sought, provides advice and information to the Fire and Security Officer, coordinates with

emergency services at the site.

c. Emergency Coordinator

➢ Rescue, Fire Fighting.

➢ Medical, Mutual Aid, Rehabilitation, Transport and Communication.

➢ Updating emergency plan, organizing mock drills verification of inventory of emergency

facilities and furnishing report to site controller.

➢ Maintains liaison with Civil Administration.

➢ Controls rehabilitation of affected areas on discontinuation of emergency.

➢ Maintains essential services like Diesel Generator, Water, Firewater, Compressed Air/

Instrument Air, Power Supply for lighting.

➢ Ensures availability of adequate quantities of protective equipment and other emergency

materials & spares.

General Responsibilities of Employees during an Emergency

It becomes more enhanced and pronounced when an emergency warning is raised, the workers, if

they are in-charge of process equipment, should adopt safe and emergency shut down and attend

any prescribed duty as essential employee. If no such responsibility is assigned, he should adopt

a safe course to assembly point and wait for instructions. He should not resort to spread panic.

On the other hand, he must assist emergency personnel towards objectives of DMP.

Emergency Facilities

a. Emergency Control Centre

Emergency Control Centre (ECC) with intercom, telephone, self contained breathing apparatus,

fire suit, hand tools, wind direction indications, public address megaphone, hand bell, telephone


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directories, factory layout, site plan, emergency lamp, hazard chart, emergency shut-down

procedures, address with telephone numbers and key personnel, emergency coordinator, and

essential employees.

b. Assembly Point

Number of assembly point depending upon the plant location would be identified wherein

employees who are not directly connected with the disaster management would be assembled for

safety and rescue. Emergency breathing apparatus, minimum facilities like water, etc. would be

organized there. In this project there is two assembly points in opposite direction.

c. Emergency Power Supply

Plant facilities would be connected to DG and would be placed in auto mode. Thus, water

pumps, plants lighting and emergency control center, administrative building and other

auxiliary services are connected to emergency power supply.

d. Fire Fighting Facilities

First Aid and Fire Fighting equipment suitable for emergency should be maintained in each and

at bulk storage of fuel.

e. Location of Wind Sock

On the top of the administration block / security block / production blocks, wind socks would

be installed to indicate direction of wind for emergency escape.

f. Emergency Medical Facilities

Stretchers, gas masks and general first aid materials for dealing with fire burns etc. Apart from

plant first aid facilities, external facilities would be augmented. Names of medical personnel,

medical facilities in that particular area would be prepared and updated.

g. Emergency Warning

Communication of emergency would be made familiar to the personnel inside the plant and

people outside. An emergency warning system would be established.

h. Emergency Shutdown

There could be more number of persons in the storage area and other areas in the vicinity. The

area would have adequate number of exits, staircases, etc.

i. All Clear Signal


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At the end of an emergency, the Site Controller orders for an all clear signal. When it becomes

essential, the Site Controller communicates to the District Emergency Authority, Police and Fire

Service personnel regarding help required or development of the situation into an Off-Site

Emergency.

j. Mutual Aid

Mutual aid in the form of technical personnel, runners, helpers, special protective equipment,

transport vehicles, communication facility, etc., should be sought from the neighboring industrial

management.

k. Mock Drills

Emergency preparedness is an important aspect of planning in Industrial Disaster Management.

Personnel would be trained suitably and prepared mentally as well as physically in emergency

response through carefully planned and simulated procedures. Similarly, the key personnel and

essential personnel should be trained in the operations. List of Key persons during emergency

situation will be mentioned in the Table 7.3

Table-7.3

List of Key persons

S. No. Emergency Coordinator

1 General Manager

2 Manager (Project)

3 Manager(Maintenance)

4 Shift In charge

Hazardous Chemicals & Associated Hazards

There is no storage of any hazardous chemical in the Industry.

Off-Site Emergency Plan

Major emergencies like bursting of tankers are classified as offsite emergency and it is not

possible for single factory to handle the situation. The task of preparing the off-Site Emergency

Plan lies with the District Collector. However, the off-site plan could be prepared as a

Composite off-site Emergency Plan with the help of the local district authorities and the nearby

industries in the Industrial Estate.


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Off-site emergency plan follows the on-site emergency plan. When the consequences of an

emergency go beyond the plant boundaries, it becomes an off-site emergency.

Off-site emergency is essentially the responsibility of the public administration. However, the

factory management should provide the public administration with the technical information

relating to the nature, quantum and probable consequences on the neighboring population.

The off-site plan in detail should be based on those events, which are most likely to occur, but

other less likely events, which have severe consequence, should also be considered. An early

decision will be required in many cases on the advice to be given to people living within the

range of the accident. The main aspects, which should be included in the emergency plans, are:

a. Organization

Details of command structure, warning systems, implementation procedures, emergency control

centers should be there. Names and appointments of the incident controller, site main controller,

their deputies and other key personnel should be available.

b. Communications

Identification of personnel involved, communication center, call signs, network and list of

telephone numbers.

c. Specialized Knowledge

Knowledge includes details of specialist bodies, firms and people upon whom it may be

necessary to call, for example those with specialized knowledge, laboratories.

d. Chemical Information

Details of the hazardous substances stored or procedure on each site and a summary of the risk

associated with them.

e. Meteorological Information

Arrangements for obtaining details of whether conditions prevailing at the time and weather

forecasts

f. Humanitarian Arrangements

Transport, evacuation centers, emergency feeding treatment of injured, first aid, ambulances

and temporary mortuaries.

g. Public Information


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Arrangements for dealing with the media press office and informing relatives.

h. Assessment

Arrangements for: (a) collecting information on the causes of the emergency and reviewing the

efficiency and effectiveness of all aspects of the emergency plan.

i. Role of the Emergency Co-ordination Officer (ECO)

The ECO should co-ordinate various emergency services. The ECO should coordinate closely

with the site main controller. The external control should be passed to a senior local authority

administrator or even an administrator appointed by the central or state government.

j. Role of the Local Authority

The duty to prepare the off-site plan lies with the local authorities. The Emergency Planning

Officer (EPO) appointed should carry out his duty in preparing for a whole range of different

emergencies within the local authority area. Rehearsals for off-site plans shall be organized by

the EPO.

k. Role of Police

Formal duties of the police during an emergency include protecting life and property as well as

controlling traffic movements.

l. Role of Fire Authorities

The cessation of a fire should normally be the responsibility of the senior fire brigade officer

who would take over the handling of the fire from the site incident controller on arrival at the

site.

m. Role of Health Authorities

Health authorities including doctors, hospitals, and ambulances and so on are a vital part of the

emergency plan. Major off-site incidents are likely to require medical equipment and facilities

additional to those available locally. A medical “mutual aid” scheme should exist to enable the

assistance of neighboring authorities to be obtained in the event of an emergency.

n. Role of Government Safety Authority

In the event of an accident, local arrangements regarding the role of the factory inspector will

apply. List of key persons will be mentioned in the Off- Site Emergency Plan in table 7.4.


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Table-7.4

List of Key persons of offsite EP

S. No. Emergency Coordinator

1 District Magistrate

2 Fire Brigade

3 Controller of Explosive

4 SP

5 DHO

6 SPCB

7.3 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

The impact of the proposed expansion activity will begin with the starting up of the construction

activities at the site. The proposed expansion activity will provide employment to considerable

number of skilled, semi-skilled and un-skilled construction laborers. In normal circumstances,

the local people will be given preference for the unskilled activities, as there are many

construction laborers in the vicinity of the project and are expected to be available with normal

wages.

Provision of wage employment to the local populace during construction period of the project

will benefit the local area to some extent. This will enhance the income levels of the construction

laborers and lead for their socio-economic wellbeing during the construction phase of the

proposed expansion activity, which will be positive impact due to the project. Tertiary sector

employment and provision of goods and services for daily need, including transport

In line with the above, some more recommendations are given below:

Local people will be given preference;

All the guidelines under the Labor Act and Safety Rules as specified under Factories Act,

1948 will be implemented during the construction work to avoid any accidents;

The contractor will be instructed to provide cooking fuel to the workers to prevent damage

to trees. This will be part of the contractual agreement between the project proponent and the

contractor engaged for construction; and

The construction site will be secured with fencing and will have guarded entry Points.


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7.4 REHABILITATION & RESETTLEMENT PLAN

The expansion project shall be carried out within the existing plant boundary. No land shall be

acquired for the proposed expansion. Hence the proposed expansion project does not involve any

displacement of persons and no rehabilitation and resettlement is required.


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CHAPTER -8.0

PROJECT BENEFITS

8.1 INTRODUCTION

The development of industrial projects plays a key role in the economic growth of any country.

Iron is the most important metal to the mankind, which is widely used for domestic, agricultural,

industrial and defense purposes. Per capita iron / steel consumption is a major indicator of

economic status of any country. The growth of the steel industry significantly contributes to

economic growth as it generates employment both directly and also due to development of

downstream industries. Peripheral development takes place and due to more influx of money

through the area, overall importance of the area increases and overall the infrastructure improves.

8.2 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL

8.2.1 Direct Employment

Unemployment is quite a common problem. Employment opportunities are moderate and not

growing as per growth of education. People mainly depend on the agriculture and Industries for

their living in the area. The present expansion project has employment generation potential by

way of recruiting local people directly for different activities of the project.

Estimated manpower requirement after the expansion shall be100. Local people will be given the

opportunity of employment as per their capability and expertise. Priority will be given to

scheduled tribe cast and women. This will be helpful to enhance the socio economic status of the

people.

8.2.2 Indirect Employment

Indirect employment and income effects of any steel plant are non-marginal and usually remain

widespread across a long region. It is expected that substantial portion of the investment will

trickle down to the local people in the form of employment and income. The project is expected

to generate substantial indirect employment in other sectors such as service units. Employment

and income indicate that the project has strong positive effect. Since the infrastructure for

maintenance of the specialized plant and machinery may not be readily near site, adequate

maintenance facilities for day- to- day and minor plant maintenance including a well- equipped

workshop and trained technicians shall be developed for the project. Major maintenance and

annual turn around will be contracted out to reputed agencies. Odd jobs, plant cleaning, hiring of


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vehicles, road and maintenance, plant security, gardening / green belt development etc. will be

locally contracted out.

8.3 IMPROVEMENT IN INFRASTRUCTURE

M/s Aarti Steels Limited (Machhiwara Plant) intended to provide the following infrastructure in

the study area of 10 km radius:

Road Transport: There will be improved road communication due to the proposed project and

maintenance will also be done time to time.

Market for product: Need for the proposed products are based on the demand and supply gap

in the current market. With increasing utilization of the current products, in future, to cater the

requirement of all the products, it is essential to have the proposed manufacturing unit.

Market for Consumer Goods: With the implementation of the project and development of area,

demand patterns will change and local consumer market will grow thus more income

opportunities for the local people will be there. The proposed project is going to have positive

income effect and consequently, the multiplier effect is expected to lead to an overall increase in

average consumption of the people of the study area.

Increasing other business opportunities for local people- There will be scope of hiring vehicle

like tractors & trolleys, bulldozers, JCB, excavators during construction and operation phase of

the project.

8.4 EDUCATION

The local peoples’ interest towards education will increase due to the expectation of getting jobs,

especially from non- agricultural sources. The project is expected to increase such aspirations by

bringing opportunities of some direct & indirect employment for the local people. The general

awareness towards the importance of education is expected to increase as a result of the proposed

expansion. The project will have positive impact on the level of education of the people.

8.5 OTHER TANGIBLE BENEFITS

Steel plants by nature serve as the nuclei for development of small- scale industries in the areas

around them. These small- scale units usually have input- output linkage with the steel plants.

The demand for spares, assemblies and sub- assemblies by steel plants are generally met through

the supply (of these items) from small- scale units located nearby. The present project is likely to

accelerate such industrialization through “Bubble Effects” in the study area. It is important to


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note that the small- scale units are usually labor- intensive and high- priority industries from

social point of view.

The proposed project is expected to serve as centre of significant small- scale industrial economy

around it complemented by the services sector. This is expected to play a major role in the future

economic and social development of this area.

8.6 CORPORATE ENVIRONMENT POLICY

It is a company managed by directors. The promoters of the project are well aware of issues and

concerns regarding environmental matters pertaining to the project. The company has well

established administrative set up to deal with the environmental issues and ensuring the

compliance of statutory norms and EC conditions as per following line diagram.

8.7 DETAILS OF INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITY

Most of the labor force during construction and operation phase hired from the local areas.

Sanitation and rest rooms are available for the casual workers and truck drivers. Sufficient toilet

facility i.e. one toilet for ten persons is there.

8.8 ENTERPRISE SOCIAL COMMITMENT

As per OM F.No.-22-65/2017-IA-III dated on 01st May, 2018, the organization will spend for

Corporate Environment Responsibility. Detail will be given in final EIA report.

No adverse effect on environment is envisaged as proper mitigation measures will be taken up

for the same.

8.9 LITIGATION AND PENDING CASES

The unit has never violated the provisions under the environmental protection rules. Neither any

litigation is pending against the project nor any directions /order has ever been past by any court

of law.


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CHAPTER -9.0

ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS

9.1 ESTIMATED PROJECT COST

Total project cost will be ₹ 204.04 Cr. after expansion.

9 .2 SCHEDULE OF PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION

Schedule of implementation of the project is the most reasonable time during which the proposed

project can be implemented. This takes into account the time required for various activates i.e.

detailed engineering of the unit including structural designs, civil construction Procurement of

equipment and machinery including utilities and services, equipment test and trial runs etc. One

year shall be needed for completion of the project after the EC Granted.

Key factors that would facilitate successful and timely project implementation:

a. Proper choice of technology and machinery suppliers.

b. Adequate diligence in formulating the technical concept and system design / selection of the

plant.

c. Proper choice of contractors for civil construction and erection of equipment.

d. Formulation of effective project team led by an experienced Project Manager.

e. Establishment of efficient system for project planning & monitoring including reporting

procedures for progress review & co- ordination.

f. Customization of project execution plan to suit the promoters profile.

9.2.1 Implementation Strategy

Typically project has four core dimensions viz:

a. Engineering: this directly impacts the smooth operations of the plant over its entire life

b. Procurement: is critical on account of the impact that it has on investment and performance

benchmarks and also in ensuring the choice of appropriate technology.

c. Construction: is critical in terms of its impact on completion quality and duration of the

project phase.

d. Project Management: other than its obvious impact on project time it also contributes to risk

minimization for the promoter.


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CHAPTER -10

ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN

10.0 Introduction

Environmental management plan (EMP) describes the administrative aspects of ensuring that

mitigation measures are implemented and their effectiveness monitored, after grant of EC. It

consists of various policies, control measures etc. for abatement of critical environmental

impacts arising out of the proposed project. Mitigation measures are proposed on the basis of

identified impacts. Further a suitable environment management plan will be introduced in the

project to implement and practice measures to protect and enhance the quality of environment.

The EMP is only as effective as its implementation. An appropriate environmental management

strategy is developed and presented in the form of an EMS. It is the responsibility of the project

proponents to control the utilization of resources and discharges of waste by adopting suitable

control measures in the factory to avoid adverse effects of industrial activities on the

environment and in turn to enhance the quality of the existing environment.

10.1 Summary of Potential Impacts with Mitigation Measures during Construction Phase

10.1.1 Land Environment

The site is flat and already leveled, hence no leveling is required. Earth excavated during civil

foundations will be reused for raising the plinth and backfilling the columns. Dust generated due

to earthwork including excavation and transportation activities, especially during dry weather

conditions, will be controlled by water sprinkling.


Dust will be generated at work site during the construction activity like excavation and vehicular

movement. Providing suitable surface treatment to ease the traffic flow and regular sprinkling of

water will reduce the dust generation. All internal and external roads will be asphalted and

cleaned daily, so there will be less generation of re-suspended road dust.


Temporary drainage work will be maintained, removed and reinstated as required, and all other

precautions will be taken for avoidance of damage by flooding and silt. Sedimentation pit of

sufficient capacity will be constructed to trap silt-laden water during monsoon. The wastewater


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will be reused for dust suppression by adopting suitable mechanism. These will be cleaned on

regular basis.


The noise generated during the constructed phase will be due to the movement of vehicles and

construction equipment. Construction equipments and transport vehicles would be properly

maintained so that noise generation is minimized. Regular maintenance schedule will be adopted

for all construction equipment and vehicles.

10.1.5 Solid Waste Management

Careful design, planning and good site management would minimize waste of materials such as

concrete, mortars and cement grouts. Construction waste will be segregated as much as possible

at site itself to increase the feasibility of recycling concrete and masonry as filling material and

steel pieces as saleable scrap.

Muck shall be generated from drains and sedimentation pits. The muck shall be collected daily

and stored at earmarked place. It shall be finally disposed within the plant premises for plinth

raising purpose. Litter disposal and collection points shall be established around the all

construction work sites. Construction waste shall be segregated as much as possible at site itself

to increase the feasibility of recycling concrete and masonry as filling material and steel pieces

as saleable scrap.

10.1.6 Sanitation, Welfare and Safety Measures of Construction Workers

Construction workers will be made aware of possible hazards and safety measures that need to

be taken during construction activities through routine training. Personal Protective Equipments

(PPEs) such as dust masks, goggles, earplugs/ earmuffs, safety gloves, safety belts, shoe with toe

protection, gumboots will be made available at construction site. Construction workers and

vehicle drivers will be provided with drinking water, canteen and toilet / washroom facility. Rest

room facility for truck drivers will be provided.

10.2 Summary of Potential Impacts with Mitigation Measures during Operational Phase


The major source of air emission is fugitive dust from induction furnace. The dust emissions will

be controlled by using fume capture devices and bag filters. The air pollution control system will

consists of air cooled ducts, hood for furnace, bag house, ID fan and chimney. Adequate spares


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(bags, cages, compressors, pumps, and machine parts, etc) shall be maintained by the Industry.

O&M of the bag filter shall be done as per schedule prescribed by the manufacturer.

Gaseous emission from DG stack will contribute significantly in particulate matter, SO2 and NOx

level in ambient air. Stacks heights as per norms will be provided for the proper dispersion of

pollutants. The resultant air quality will conform to the stipulated standards.


Pollution of groundwater, odor from waste water treatment plant and domestic sewage are some

potential impacts of liquid effluent. Domestic sewage will be treated in sewage treatment plant

and treated effluent will be collected in treated effluent tank reused in sprinkling, watering,

irrigation of green belt and horticulture, etc. The water for cooling of furnaces will be re-

circulated and no wastewater will be discharged from outside the premises. Roof-top rain water

harvesting through recharge wells is also proposed to recharge the ground water of the area.


Noise level will increase due to equipment and machineries in the plant area. Equipments will be

designed to conform to noise levels prescribed by regulatory agencies where necessary, high

noise generating equipment should be acoustically treated or housed. Provision of green belt and

plantation would further help in attenuating noise. Acoustic enclosure will be provided for DG

sets. Noise attenuation will be acquired to reduce noise level to 85 dB (A) at 1m distance. Ear

plugs/ear muffs will be provided to employees working in high noise areas as protective device.

10.2.3.1 Green Belt Development Plan

Area allocation for green belt: 33% i.e. 31,200 m2 of total area as per MoEF&CC stipulated

norms will be developed as the green belt. A total of 4678 trees will be planted. 100 trees have

already been planted.

Selection of plant species: Existing tree species are Shisham, Mango, Safeda, and Kachnar.

Tree species like Mulberry, Bungania and False Ashok will be planted.

Action plan & estimated budgetary allocation for proposed green belt development

The proposed green belt in an area of 31,200 m2will be developed in phase wise manner viz.

plantation will be done in Phase-wise manner

No. of trees to be planted in 31,200m2= 31,200/6.67= 4678 plants.

1000 Plants have been already planted. The rest number of plants i.e. 3678 will be planted as


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Phase I (June 2022) – 1226 plants will be planted

Phase II (June 2023) – 1226 plants will be planted

Phase III (June 2024)- 1226 plants will be planted

Budgetary allocation: ₹. 22 Lakhs under EMP cost.

10.2.4 Solid and Hazardous Waste

Waste Source Quantity Potential Impact

APCD Dust Induction Furnace 4.26 TPD Health Implication

Furnace Slag Induction Furnace 46.74 TPD No adverse impact. It

will be used in road

making and land filling.

Used Oil DG sets 0.03 Kl/A possibility of soil and

water contamination due

to spillage

MSW from every

day &Domestic

Employees 145kg/day Hazardous Gas

Emission.

Natural Habitat

Degradation

Management

Dust from bag filters shall be stored in a dumping pit of R.C.C. and disposed to designated

TSDF site.

Municipal solid waste due to everyday sweeping and domestic activities will be collected in

bins.

The sludge from waste water treatment systems shall be composted and used as manure in

horticulture.

Slag produced from manufacturing process as by-product will be periodically tapped and left

to solidify. The slag will be then crushed and iron particles are taken out through the process

of magnetic separation. Mill scales are either sold in the market or used back in I.F.


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Summary of Environmental Impact and mitigation Measures:

S.

No.

Component of

Environment

Impact Mitigation Measures

CONSTRUCTION PHASE

1 Air Particulates, NOx, SO2 Personal protective equipments

for workers, water sprinklers.

Since the proposed project is

within the industrial land, no

impact is envisaged on the

outside areas.

2 Noise and Vibration Noise level increase due

to vehicular movement,

working of machineries

and construction

equipments.

Construction activity to be

restricted in day time only.

Proper servicing of vehicles,

PPE to be provided.

3 Water Water pollution due to

disposal of water and

domestic waste water.

Proper sanitation facilities

are/will be provided. No change

in land use as the project

execution will be in the existing

land.

4 Land Land is already industrial

which may be polluted

due to untreated sewage

and solid wastes.

Construction waste will be used

within the site and sanitation

facilities already exist which will

be further strengthened.

5 Biological Noise level may impact

the fauna

Green Belt development takes

care of this aspect.

6 Socio Economic Employment of workers Positive impact as people from

the study area will be employed.

7 Occupational Health

and Safety

Respiratory ailment due

to dust and auditory due

to noise.

Water sprinklers and PPE’s


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OPERATIONAL PHASE

1 Air Increase in the air

pollution due to plant

operation and vehicular

movement.

Provisions of proper APCS and

their operation as per SOP,

adequate stacks and compliance

as per SPCB norms. PPE for

employees, regular monitoring

and compliance with HWM

(TBM) Management rules-2016.

2 Noise and Vibration No noise is generated

from Induction Furnace.

However, small noise that

too within the premises

will also generated from

the operation of

equipment.

Equipment will conform to noise

level of 85 dB (A).

Proper maintenance of

equipment and PPE. General

public will not be affected.

3 Water No impact as no water is

and in the process and

entire cooling water is

circulated. No industrial

effluent generated and

discharged.

Proper sanitation facilities. The

sludge from domestic waste

water treated to be used as

manure and treated water for

plantation.

4 Land Discharge of sewage

water

Domestic waste water shall be

used in plantation after

treatment.

5 Biological Disturbance due to noise Proper education to drivers and

transportation in day time only.

6 Socio Economic Employment to locals Positive impact

7 Occupational Health

and Safety

Accidents to operational

activities and auditory

ailments

Low noise equipments will be

employed which conform to

noise level of 85 dB (A). Proper

PPE to be provided. Storage of


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H.W. as per rules. Proper safety

training to staff.

10.2.5 Occupational Health & Safety

Sources and Impacts: Exposure to noise, dust, heat and gases like CO are occupational hazards

identified in steel plant. Silicosis, Bronchitis and Noise induced hearing loss are the diseases that

could occur due to prolonged exposure / concentration found to be above the Permissible

Exposure Level. Workers involved in raw material handling section, dusty environment, near

furnaces, and are exposed to high dust levels. Workers working near / close to the furnaces are

exposed to heat stress. Over a long period of time such exposure is likely to result in respiratory

problems/ occupational health problems.

Management: Plant personnel working in dust prone areas shall wear personnel protective

equipment like air filters over their nose. Job rotation schemes shall be practiced for over-

exposed persons, particularly for heat stress. Proper illumination shall be maintained at each and

every nook and corner of the work places.

PPE like earplugs and muffs shall be provided to workers working near air compressors, pipe

plant and mills, and administrative pressure applied to the workers to use them. Workers exposed

to mechanical accident-prone areas are given personal protective equipment (PPE) like tight

rubber goggles, safety helmets, welders hand shields and welding helmets, plastic face shields,

ear plugs, ear muffs, rubber aprons, rubber gloves, shoes with non-skid soles, gum boots, safety

shoe with toe protection.

Table 10.1 Safety and Occupational Hazards

Safety Hazards


Steam Explosion Furnace Cooling water coming

in contact with molten

metal as Slag

Excessive moisture in

Slag

Due to refractors

Making C.W. system leak

proof

Pre heating of raw materials


Chemical Furnace Accidental mixing of Segregation of scrap before


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Explosion oxidants such as

points/varnishing &

oily scrap

Chemicals/substances

in scrap

use

Fire & Explosion Transformers High oil temperature

Varying room

temperature

Locating transformers at

isolated place

Encompassing the oil filled

equipment by RCC wall

Sparks followed

by fire

Electrical

installation/Su

b- station

Loose fowls, cable

cut, short circuits etc

Due diligence in designing

the electrical sub station

Occupational Health Hazards

Hazard Causes Mitigation/Control

Heat Stress Working in extreme hot

conditions

Shielding heat radiations from

hot surface

Supply of clean drinking water

Educating workers about the


exposure

Short breaks & rotation of

workers

Burns Splashing of molten

material

Touching of hot surface

Radiation

Providing specific PPE’s

Providing protective barriers

to minimum exposure

Proper design & process

control

Automation to minimize risk

associated with material


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handling or casting

Light Radiation UV & IR radiations of

high intensity from

molten metal especially

the pouring areas

Educating the workers

regarding risks and safety

measures

Proper labeling of risky areas

w.r.t radiation

Shielding of workers and

providing proper PPE’s

Electrocution Contact with live wires

Flash over

Strong Electromagnetic

filter

Elimination of source of risk

Safety switches

Task specific PPE

Mechanical Hazard Accidental fall of heavy

equipments

PPE

Proper training

Hearing problems Excessive Noise Insulate ventilation proper

Compulsory PPE

10.3 STRUCTURE AND ADMINISTRATIVE RESPONSIBILITIES OF

ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CELL (EMC)

M/s Aarti Steels Limited is an existing company having qualified and experienced personnel in

environmental management and pollution control. The company has existing environmental

monitoring cell for environment monitoring and legal compliances. The details of cell are given

below:


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General Manager: He will be responsible for legal compliances of the company related to

MoEF, CPCB & PPCB. He will arrange regular monitoring of the proposed pollution control

system through his associates. He will arrange evaluation environmental performance of the

systems and ensure that the stipulated measures are being satisfactorily implemented and

operated. He will ensure that there shall not be any adverse impact on air, water, noise and land

environment due to construction & operation of proposed expansion project. As per report of

DGM Environment the plant management shall take effective steps through the concerned

section head to curb the pollution and effective environmental management.

Consultant: He will supervise the monitoring & analysis of water and effluent quality by the

laboratory. As per requirement he will arrange the additional tests through external agencies. He

will also arrange regular measurement of ground water quality in the study area and

implementation of rain water harvesting measures. He will monitor the performance of air

pollution control systems through on line continuous stack emission monitoring systems and

online continuous ambient air quality monitoring stations. He will also ensure the CPCB

guidelines by arranging the outside agency to carry out monitoring & analysis of the air quality

parameters which are not available in online systems. He will facilitate the inspection,

monitoring & analysis of pollution control systems by the SPCB officials as and when required.

His other functions would be hazardous waste management. He will co-ordinate for proper reuse

or disposal of hazardous wastes. EMP costing detail is provided at Table 10.2.

Table-10.2

EMP Budget

S.

No

Title Capital Cost

₹ Lakh

Recurring Cost ₹

Lakh

1 Pollution Control during construction stage 2.0 ---

2 Air Pollution Control (Installation of APCD) 300.0 10.0

3 Water Pollution Control (Installation of STP @

30 KLD) 20.0

2.0

4 Green Belt development 22.0 18.0

5 Noise Pollution Control 1.0 0.1

6 Solid/ Hazardous Waste Management 7.5 ---


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7 Environment Monitoring and Management 5.0 0.10

8 Occupational Health, Safety and Risk

Management 10.0

0.50

9 RWH 10.0 0.50

10 Miscellaneous 4.0 --

TOTAL ₹381.5 Lakh ₹31.2 Lakhs

To maintain the environmental parameters within the stipulated standards, regular monitoring of

various environmental components is necessary which will be complied as per conditions. Cost

of monitoring of environmental parameters for Air, Water, Noise and stack is ₹345 lakh and cost

for Solid Waste Management, RWH, Safety and Risk Management, Environment Monitoring

and Management, Miscellaneous ₹36.5 lakh.


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CHAPTER -11.0

SUMMARY & CONCLUSION

11.1 Project Name and location

The proposed project i.e. M/s Aarti Steels Limited. is a Secondary Metallurgical Process based

industry. The plant is located at Village- Harian, P.O. Uppal, Machhiwara road, Tehsil- Koom

Kalan, District- Ludhiana, Punjab.

11.2 Products and capacities

The Industry has already got CTE for installation of one no. Induction Furnace of Capacity 8

TPH, Concast and a Rolling mill of capacity 1, 40,000 TPA. The existing production of

Billets/Ingot is 28000TPA and Rolled/Flats products is 1,40,000 TPA. The project is for

expansion of Billet/Ingots Manufacturing by addition of Two no. Induction Furnaces of

capacities 25 TPH each, LRF, VD, Concast and upgradation of existing Rolling Mill. Total

capacity of the project after expansion will be 2, 90,500TPA steel billets/Ingots/ rolled/flats

products.


Product Name Existing (TPA) Additional (TPA) Total (TPA)



11.3 Land Area

The industry is having 23.22 acres or 93,970 Sqm. of land. No additional land will be required for

expansion.

11.4 Raw Material Requirement

Raw Material Existing Additional Total


30,800 2,88,750 3,19,550

Source & Mode of transport

From domestic & as well as International Markets

transported through covered trucks


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11.5 Water Requirement

Water consumption for the unit will be make up water for cooling and for domestic purpose.

Water requirement will be met through existing tube well. The detail of water requirement is

given below:-

DESCRIPTION EXISTING

(KLD)

PROPOSED

(KLD)

TOTAL

(KLD)

Domestic 15 18 33


Total 105 545 650

11.6 Power Requirement

The Power Requirement will be met by sourcing the power from Punjab State Power

Corporation limited from nearby Sub-station. The detail of power requirement existing & after

expansion is given below:-

DESCRIPTION EXISTING PROPOSED TOTAL

Power Requirement 12MW 39MW 51MW

Source Punjab State Power Corporation Limited (P.S.P.C.L.)

11.7 Manpower Requirement

Direct Employment; for expansion additional 361 persons will be required. Total number of

manpower after expansion will be 661 no’s.


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11.8 Flow Chart of Manufacturing Process

Raw Material

Induction Furnace

Concast Machine

Ingots/ Billets

Rolling/ Final Product

Cooling Tower

Side Suction Hood

A P C D (Bag Filter)

APCD Dust

Clean Air

Final Disposal

TSDF Site/ Disposal

Stack

51 MW Power

Make Up Water

Slag

Metal Recovery Plant

Waste Sent To Vendor for Disposal

Fugitive Emission


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Material Balance



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11.9 Description of Mitigation Measures


environment. To minimize & control the Flue Gas emission from the stack attached to furnace

& DG Set, M/s Aarti Steels Limited (Machhiwara road) has already installed separate water

scrubber with I.F & canopy with DG set. About 46.74 TPD of slag which is not a H.W will be

generated and the same after recovering of iron will be supplied to manufacturers of cement

concrete blocks, pavers & tiles under proper agreement. STP is provided for treatment of

domestic effluent. Treated effluent is used for plantation in the premises. The industry is

regularly operating and maintaining its APCD and ensuring that the emissions are adequately

collected and concentration of air pollutants in its emissions conforms to the emission

standards laid down by the board.

11.10 Cost Details

Existing cost of the project is Rs. 73 Cr. and total cost for the expansion has been estimated

Rs. 130.79 Cr. The total cost of the project has been estimated as Rs. 204.04 Cr. The proposed

expansion will be done within one year after granting of Environment Clearance.

11.11 Site Details

M/s Aarti Steels Limited (Machhiwara Plant), Village-Harian, P.O. Uppal, Machhiwara road,


30°54'27.07"N, 30°54'24.15"N, 30°54'19.62"N, 30°54'12.25"N and 30°54'12.39"N &

Longitude 76°07'48.90"E, 76°07'56.29"E, 76°08'00.67", 76°08'00.86"E and 76°07'49.99"E.

Sahnewal is the nearest city (about 16 Km). Nearest airport is Chandigarh which is at 68 km

and Ludhiana is at 17.6 km from site. No National Parks/ Wildlife Sanctuaries/ Biosphere

Reserves/ Reserved Forests exist within 5 km radius of project site. There are no water bodies

near project site

11.12 Environmental Baseline Study

11.12.1 Ambient Air Quality

The PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO levels were monitored at eight locations in the study area for

three months (February-April,2021). The P98 levels of criteria pollutants are as follows: PM2.5

is 48.4μg/m3, PM10 is 88.1μg/m3, SO2 is 14.7μg/m3, NO2 is 38.4μg/m3 and CO is 0.68mg/ m3.

The baseline air quality level is within the National Ambient Air Quality Standards prescribed

for industrial, residential, rural & other area and also satisfies the air quality index (AQI) w.r.t.



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health bracket for all the monitoring. (Standards are 60, 100, 80, 80μg/m3 and 4.0mg/m3 for

PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NOx and CO respectively). Due to better pollution abatement facilities,

proposed expansion will have insignificant impact on existing air quality.

11.12.2Water Quality

Eight groundwater samples and one surface water sample from Satluj river at 9km and Ropar

Neelon canal at located 4.2 km from project site were collected from the study area for

chemical, metallic and biological analysis. The groundwater qualities of the study area are

satisfactory as no metallic or bacterial contamination was found in the water samples. But

bacterial contamination was found in surface water. Since, no waste water will be discharged

on land, water quality is not likely to be impacted.

11.12.3Noise Environment

Ambient noise levels were monitored at 8 locations in the study area. Noise levels in the study

vary from 48.3 dB (A) to 70.2 dB (A) in day time and 37.5 dB (A) to 61.5 dB (A) at night.

The highest levels were observed at Project Site. The baseline noise levels are well within the

National Standards. Proposed expansion will have less impact than existing one due to better

pollution control facility.

11.12.4 Soil Quality

Eight soil samples were collected from the study area and analyzed. The texture of soil is

sandy loam. The organic matter, nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus content of the soil are

moderate. The pH of all the soil samples is within the acceptable range. No impact on soil will

be there for proposed plant as no waste will be discharged on land.

11.12.5 Ecological environment

Ecological data has been collected through secondary sources and by site visits. The tree species

Ashoka, Jamun, Peepal and Mango etc are the dominant plant species of the study area.

Mongoose, porcupine, jungle cat, cobra, krait, snakes, hare, pigeon and variety of birds are the

common animals of the study area. No endangered species of plants and animals are found in

the study area, so no impact on ecological Environment.

11.12.6 Sensitive Ecosystem

Within 5 km distance of the project site, no plant or animal species were found to be on the

endangered list. No ecologically sensitive area like biosphere reserve, tiger reserve, and



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elephant reserve, migratory corridors of wild elephant, wetland, national park and wildlife

sanctuary are present within 5 km distance of the project site. Kahali Dum- RF, Retwali- PF,

Aleta- PF, and Bowan- PF etc are revered/protected forests present within the study area.

Agriculture and industrial workers dominate the occupation structure of the study area. Several

other industries large and small units are present in the study area.

11.12.7 Socioeconomic Condition:

Socioeconomic status has been studied through secondary sources and by site visits. The social

requirements identified such as drinking water, Promotion of Educational institutions and

Medical facilities to the villagers (especially Senior Citizens and infants or pregnant ladies).

Community centers, recreation facilities etc will be developed as part of social responsibility.

11.13 Possible Hazards & Risks from Secondary Metallurgical Industries


which have high levels of attention area identified in table below:

Possible Risk

S.

No.

Plant Area Possible Deviation from

normal operation




with the molten iron or slag.

Leakage of water from

the walls Spurting of

metal/ slag.

Explosion under

extreme cases.



materials.

Negligence in material

inspection

Sudden catches

fire & flames

2 High Power

Transformer


high.

Varying room

Temperatures.

Sudden flashing

of fire or

bursting.

3 High Tension

Electrical

Installation



Loose joints, cable


short circuits etc.

Sparks in the

beginning,

devastating fire if

neglected.



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11.14 Emergency Plan

Emergency planning is primary for the protection of plant personnel and people in nearby

areas and the environment that could be affected by unplanned hazardous events. Furnaces are

associated with fire and electrical hazard due to sudden generation of pressure or temperature

that leads to damage, injury and death. Temperature and pressure are closely related, and

when flammable or combustible material is present in process equipment it leads to worst


11.15 CER Activities (Corporate Environmental Responsibility)

Proposed project will result in growth of the surrounding areas by increased direct and

indirect employment opportunities in the region including ancillary development and

supporting infrastructure.

11.16 Environment Monitoring Plan

Regular monitoring of all significant environmental parameters is essential to check the

compliance status vis-à-vis the environmental laws and regulation. The frequency of the

monitoring will be as follows:

The ambient Air quality shall be monitored at project site and two upward and

downstream locations once every quarter for PM2.5, PM10, NOx & SO2, and CO levels

during the Construction Phase and Operational Phase.

The Ambient Noise Levels, Water Quality, Effluent etc. shall be monitored once every

six months or as per EC conditions.

11.17 Environment Monitoring Cell (EMC)

A duly constituted EMC comprises the following:

Owner

Project Incharge

Environment Consultant



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CHAPTER -12

DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED

12.1 Organizational Profile:

Chandigarh Pollution Testing Laboratory (C P T L) is incorporated in 1997. The

Registered office of CPTL is at Plot no. E-126, Industrial Area, Phase-7, Mohali,

Punjab. Its laboratory division has accreditation from NABL, recognition from MoEF &

CC & PPCB (Punjab Pollution Control Board) and EIA division (i.e. CPTL-EIA) is

accredited by QCI/ NABET as Category-A EIA consultancy organization. In addition it

has certification from ISO 9001: 2015, ISO 14001: 2015 and OHSAS 18001: 2007. C P

T L is a venture of professionally qualified and experienced technical personnel. The

main aim of the company is to provide consultancy services and analytical services to

those industries which do not have complete in-house testing facilities with them.

12.2 Scope of Services

Laboratory Facilities Consultancy Services

Surface/ Ground Water testing Environment Impact Assessment

Drinking Water testing Environment Audits

Construction Water testing Environment clearance compliances

Sewage/ Effluent testing Remote sensing

Soil testing Sound level modeling

Ambient Air monitoring Air quality modeling

Stack Emission monitoring Risk Assessment

Noise level monitoring Ecology & Biodiversity study

Micro-biological testing Socio-economic studies

Manufacturing of ETP, STP & APCDs Consent from Pollution Boards

Design and installation of ETP, STP & APCDs Climate Change



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ANNEXURE I JAMABANDI RECORD

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ANNEXURE II

CTE



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ANNEXURE III CLU



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ANNEXURE IV PLPA UNDERTAKING



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ANNEXURE V AUTHORIZATION LETTER



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ANNEXURE VI PROJECT COST BREAKUP

DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT

Documents

Transcript of DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT