ANALISA PENGGUNAAN K-POP SEBAGAI ALAT ...

ANALISA PENGGUNAAN K-POP SEBAGAI ALAT

PROPAGANDA KOREA SELATAN TERHADAP KOREA

UTARA

Disusun dan Diajukan untuk memenuhi Salah Satu Syarat Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Ilmu Politik (S.IP) Strata-1

Oleh:

Tria Nurwidyanti

(201310360311037)

PROGRAM STUDI ILMU HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL

FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL DAN ILMU POLITIK

UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

2018

DAFTAR ISI HALAMAN JUDUL ....................................................................................... i Lembar Persetujuan Skripsi ............................................................................ ii Lembar Pengesahan Skripsi ............................................................................ iii Berita Acara Bimbingan Skripsi ...................................................................... iv Lembar Pernyataan Orinalitas ......................................................................... v Kata Pengantar ................................................................................................ vi Lembar Persembahan ...................................................................................... viii Abstraksi ......................................................................................................... x Abstract ........................................................................................................... xi Daftar Isi ......................................................................................................... xii Daftar Gambar ................................................................................................ xiv Daftar Tabel .................................................................................................... xv Daftar Singkatan ............................................................................................. xvi BAB I PENDAHULUAN ......................................................................... 1

1.1 Latar Belakang ......................................................................... 1 1.2 Rumusan Masalah ................................................................... 6 1.3 Tujuan dan Manfaat Penelitian ............................................... 6 1.3.1 Tujuan Penelitian ......................................................... 6 1.3.2 Manfaat Penelitian ....................................................... 6 a. Manfaat Akademis ............................................................ 6 b. Manfaat Praktis ................................................................. 7 1.4 Penelitian Terdahulu ................................................................ 7 a) Korean Wave dan K-Pop Sebagai Alat Diplomasi Publik ... 7 b) Propaganda Melalui Musik ................................................. 11 c) Propaganda di Asia Timur ................................................... 15 d) Propaganda Melalui Pop Culture ........................................ 19 1.5 Kerangka Teori/Konsep .......................................................... 21 1.5.1 Propaganda ................................................................... 21 1.6 Metode Penelitian ................................................................... 27 1.6.1 Variabel Penelitian dan Analisa Data .......................... 27 1.6.2 Tipe Penelitian .............................................................. 28 1.6.3 Metode Pengumpulan Data .......................................... 28 1.6.4 Metode Analisa Data .................................................... 28 1.6.5 Ruang Lingkup Penelitian ............................................ 29 a. Batasan Materi .................................................................. 29 b. Batasan Waktu .................................................................. 29

1.7 Hipotesa .................................................................................... 29 1.8 Sistematika Penulisan ............................................................... 30

BAB II PEMBAHASAN .......................................................................... 32 2.1 Pengertian dan Perkembangan Korean Wave .......................... 32 2.2 Pengertian dan Perkembangan K-Pop ..................................... 36 2.3 Korean Wave di Korea Utara ................................................... 42 2.4 Peran Pemerintah Korea Selatan dalam industri Korean Wave 45 2.5 K-Pop Sebagai Alat Diplomasi Publik Korea Selatan ............. 48

BAB III ANALISA PENGGUNAAN K-POP SEBAGAI ALAT PROPAGANDA KOREA SELATAN TERHADAP KOREA UTARA ............................................................................ 53

3.1 Penggunaan Siaran Propaganda di Semenanjung Korea ........ 53 3.2 Penggunaan K-Pop Sebagai Alat Propaganda Korea Selatan

Terhadap Korea Utara ............................................................. 57 BAB IV PENUTUP .................................................................................... 76

4.1 Kesimpulan .............................................................................. 76 4.2 Saran ........................................................................................ 78

DAFTAR PUSTAKA .................................................................................. 79

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Buku:

Hong, Euny. 2016. Korean Cool: Strategi Inovatif di Balik Ledakan Budaya Pop

Korea (Terj). Yogyakarta: Penerbit Bentang.

Lasswell, Harold D. 2013. Propaganda Technique in the World War. Mansfield

Centre: Martino Publishing.

Lordet, Gilles. 2011. North Korea Frontiers Of Censorship Investigation Report –

Octobre 2011. Reporter Without Borders.

Silalahi, Ulber. 2012. Metode Penelitian Sosial. Bandung: Refika Aditama.

Sunarjo, Djoenaesih S. dan Sunarjo. 1982. Mengenal Propaganda. Yogyakarta:

Liberty.

Tudor, Daniel. 2017, Ask A North Korean Defectors Talk About Their Lives Inside

The World’s Most Secretive Nation. Tuttle Publishing.

Skripsi, Tesis, dan Desertasi:

Dwirezanti, Adina. 2012. Budaya Populer Sebagai Alat Diplomasi Publik:

Analisa Peran Korean Wave Dalam Diplomasi Publik Korea Periode

2005-2010. Skripsi. Depok: Departemen Ilmu Hubungan Internasional.

Universitas Indonesia.

Gill, Megan L. 2012. North Korea: The Role of Propaganda in The Sustainability

of The Kim Regime. Tesis. Washington D.C: Sekolah Ilmu Berkelanjutan

dan Pascasarjana Seni dan Ilmu Pengetahuan, Georgetown University.

Harsini, Diyah Musri. 2009. Teknik Propaganda dalam Lirik Lagu Band Punk

Marjinal. Skripsi. Depok: Sastra Indonesia. Universitas Indonesia.

Kim, Ji-Eun. 2010. “Korean Wave” in China: Its Impact on The South Korean-

Chinese Relations. Tesis, Vancouver: The Faculty of Graduate Studies

Political Science. University of British Colombia.

Morris, John Vincent. 2011. Battle for Music: Music and British Wartime

Propaganda 1935-1945. Desertasi. Exeter: Bahasa Inggris. Universitas

Exeter.

Tuk, William. The Korean Wave: Who are behind the success of Korean Popular

Culture?. Tesis. Leiden: (MA) History of European Expansion and

Globalization. Leiden University.

Wahyudia, Ayu Riska. 2012. Pengaruh Soft Diplomacy dalam Membangun Citra

Korea Selatan di Indonesia. Skripsi. Makassar: Hubungan Internasional.

Universitas Hasanuddin.

Young, Kim Ju. 2007. Rethinking Media Flow under Globalisation: Rising

Korean Wave and Korean TV and Film Policy Since 1980s. Desertasi.

Coventry: Cultural Policy Studies. University of Warwick.

Yulia, Noor Rahmah. 2013. Diplomasi Kebudayaan Republic of Korea melalui

Film dan Drama: Pencapaian Kepentingan Citra dan Ekonomi Republic

of Korea di Indonesia. Skripsi. Jakarta: Program Studi Hubungan

Internasional. Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.

Artikel dan Jurnal Ilmiah:

______. K-Pop A New Force in Pop Music. Korean Culture and Information

Service. Ministry of Culture, Sport, and Tourism. Diakses dalam

http://kstore.korea.net/publication/view?articleId=7072 (18/11/2016,

23:06 WIB)

______. Korean Culture and Information Service. 2011. The Korean Wave: A

New Pop Culture Phenomenon. Korean Culture and Information Service

Ministry of Culture, Sport, and Tourism. Diakses dalam

https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1

&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwjB2bGc_KbaAhXIpY8KHdHTDFgQF

ggpMAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.korea.net%2Fkoreanet%2FfileDo

wnload%3FfileUrl%3D%2Fcontent%2Fpdf%2Fgeneral%2FKOREAN_W

AVE_20110907.pdf&usg=AOvVaw1T6jyRWmizPU1JiFRov7Q_

(02/12/2017, 19:03 WIB)

Ali, Shahzad dkk. Potrayal of Muslim Characters in The Indian Movies. Pakistan

Jounal of History and Culture. Vol.33. No. 1. (2012). Diakses dalam

http://www.nihcr.edu.pk/Latest_English_Journal/Jrnl%2033-

1%20(2012)/7.%20PORTRAYAL%20OF%20MUSLIMS,%20ShehzadAl

i.pdf (05/05/2017, 17:29 WIB)

Brady, Anne-Marie. “We Are All Part of the Same Family”: China’s Ethnic

Propaganda. Journal of Current Chinese Affairs. Vol. 41. No. 4. GIGA

German Insttitute of Global and Area Studies. Institute of Asian Studies.

Diakses dalam http://journals.sub.uni-

hamburg.de/giga/jcca/article/viewFile/578/576 (21/05/2016, 10:20 WIB)

Cho, Yun Young. Public Diplomacy and South Korea’s Strategies. The Korean

Journal of International Studies. Vol. 10. No. 02 (Desember 2012). The

Korean Association of International Studies. Diakses dalam

http://kaisnet.or.kr/resource/down/10_2_05.pdf (27/02/2017, 19:20 WIB)

Ingyu, Oh dan Lee Hyo-Jung. K-Pop in Korea: How the Pop Industry is

Changing a Post-Developmental Society. Cross-Currents: East Asian

History and Culture Review. E-Journal No.9. Diakses dalam: https://cross-

currents.berkeley.edu/sites/default/files/e-journal/articles/oh_lee_0.pdf

(18/11/2016, 19:02 WIB)

Lee, Suejin. The Korean Wave: The Seoul of Asia. The Elon Journal of

Undergraduate Research in Communications. Vol. 2. No. 1 (spring 2011).

Elon University. diakses dalam

https://www.elon.edu/u/academics/communications/journal/wp-

content/uploads/sites/153/2017/06/09SueJin.pdf (02/12/2017, 18:24 WIB)

Lim, Young Joon dan Jennifer L. Lemanski. Psychological Words in Music and

Propagandistic Communication Two Koreas over the DMZ. Journal of

Creative Communication. Vol.12. No.3. diakses dalam

http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0973258617722002

(05/02/2018, 15: 20 WIB)

Nack, Kim Hong. South-North Korean Relations Under The Roh Moo-Hyun

Government. International Journal of Korean Studies. Vol. 10. No. 1

(Spring/Summer 2006). Diakses dalam

http://icks.org/n/data/ijks/1482457576_add_file_2.pdf (19/05/2017, 21:03

WIB)

Pozzi, Laura. ”Chinese Children Rise Up!”: Representations of Children in the

Work of the Cartoon Propaganda Corps during the Second Sino-Japanese

War. Cross-currents: East Asian History and Culture Review. E-Journal

No. 13 (December 2014). Diakses dalam https://cross-

currents.berkeley.edu/e-journal/issue-13 (09/05/2016, 21:45 WIB)

Shim, Doobo. The Growth of Korean Cultural Industries and The Korean Wave.

East Asian Pop Culture: Analysing the Korean Wave. Diakses dalam

http://isites.harvard.edu/fs/docs/icb.topic989302.files/WEEK%208%20-

%20NOVEMBER%207/Doobo%20Shim%20-

%20Korean%20Culture%20Industries.pdf (12/05/2016, 20:35 WIB)

Wei, Junxiong. Why Korean Dramas are Popular in China. International Journal

of Arts and Commerce. Vol. 5. No. 9. Sichuan: Institute of Marxism.

China West Normal University. Diakses dalam

http://www.ijac.org.uk/images/frontImages/gallery/Vol._5_No._9/3._21-

25.pdf (02/12/2017, 18:46 WIB)

Sumber Internet:

______. ‘Psychological Warfare’ Against N.Korea Resumes. diakses dalam

http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2010/05/25/2010052501410.

html (20/12/2017, 11:58 WIB)

______. A Pink-Let Us Love. diakses dalam

https://colorcodedlyrics.com/2012/04/a_pink_eipingkeu_-

_let_us_just_love_uli_geunyang_salanghage_haejuseyo_cc_lyrics

______. Badan Ekonomi Kreatif Indonesia. K-Content Expo 2017: Bekraf Siap

Kenalkan Potensi Industri Kreatif Indonesia Pada Pasar Korea. diakses

dalam http://www.bekraf.go.id/kegiatan/detail/k-content-expo-2017-

bekraf-siap-kenalkan-potensi-industri-kreatif-indonesia-pada-pasar-korea

(14/12/2017, 14:45 WIB)

______. Bang bang bang! The K-Pop songs being blasted into North Korea.

Diakses dalam http://www.theguardian.com/music/2016/jan/08/bang-

bang-bang-k-pop-songs-blasted-north-korea (04/05/2017, 12:28 WIB)

______. Center for Unified Korean Future. diakses dalam

http://unifuture.unikorea.go.kr/resources/web/index_en.html (15/12/2017,

21:30 WIB)

______. Chinese government warns of dangers of Korean dramas as Descendant

Of The Sun hits 440m views in China. diakses dalam

http://www.straitstimes.com/lifestyle/entertainment/korean-government-

warns-of-dangers-of-korean-dramas-as-descendants-of-the (02/12/2017,

20:16 WIB)

______. Cultural Content Industry Office. Ministry of Culture, Sports, and Touris,

diakses dalam

http://www.mcst.go.kr/english/ministry/organization/deptIntro.jsp

(17/12/2017, 21:36 WIB)

______. Despite H-Bomb Doubts,North Korea’s Nuclear Test Threatens

Sanctions. Diakses dalam http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/north-

korea-hydrogen-bomb-doubts-

sanctions_us_568ddb4fe4b0a2b6fb6ebd37?utm_hp_ref=world

(18/05/2016, 01:20 WIB)

______. Despite H-Bomb Doubts,North Korea’s Nuclear Test Threatens

Sanctions. diakses dalam http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/north-

korea-hydrogen-bomb-doubts-

sanctions_us_568ddb4fe4b0a2b6fb6ebd37?utm_hp_ref=world

(18/05/2016, 01:20 WIB)

______. Hallyu (Korean Wave). diakses dalam

http://www.korea.net/AboutKorea/Culture-and-the-Arts/Hallyu

(02/12/2017, 18:10 WIB)

______. July 4th North-South Joint Statement. diakses dalam

http://www2.law.columbia.edu/course_00S_L9436_001/North%20Korea

%20materials/74js-en.htm (16/3/2018, 13:16 WIB)

______. K-Pop Stars Lay Siege to Madison Square Garden. diakses dalam


html (05/12/2017, 23:17 WIB)

______. Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia. Diakses dalam

http://kbbi.web.id/propaganda (05/04/2016, 07:03 WIB).

______. Korea to expand support for ‘hallyu’ next year. diakses dalam

http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/biz/2011/12/123_101813.html

(14/09/2017, 01:50 WIB)

______. Korean Wave (Hallyu) – The Rise of Korea’s Cultural Economy & Pop

Culture. diakses dalam

https://martinroll.com/resources/articles/asia/korean-wave-hallyu-the-rise-

of-koreas-cultural-economy-pop-culture/ (15/09/2017, 01:22 WIB)

______. Korean wave spreads in Middle East through TV and tourism, diakses

dalam http://www.korea.net/NewsFocus/Society/view?articleId=81446

(03/12/2017, 10:21 WIB)

______. Korean Wave. diakses dalam http://www.korea.net/Government/Current-

Affairs/Korean-Wave?affairId=471 (21/03/2017, 00:03 WIB)

______. Korean Wave. diakses dalam http://www.korea.net/Government/Current-

Affairs/Korean-Wave?affairId=471 (21/03/2017, 00:03 WIB)

______. North Korea fires two missiles to protest South Korea military drills.

diakses dalam http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2015/3/1/n-korea-fires-

missiles-as-us-skorea-begin-joint-exercise.html (28/03/2017, 16:05 WIB)

______. North Korea threatens to destroy South’s propaganda loudspeakers,

diakses dalam

http://edition.cnn.com/2010/WORLD/asiapcf/06/12/north.korea.loudspeak

ers/ (20/12/2017, 14:20 WIB)

______. North Korea. diakses dalam https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-

world/2015/north-korea (28/12/2017, 19:42 WIB)

______. Pasifisme. diakses dalam https://kbbi.kemdikbud.go.id/entri/pasifisme

(7/3/2018, 07:59 WIB)

______. S. Korea to expand support for ‘hallyu,’ lure more foreign tourists next

year. diakses dalam

http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/culturesports/2011/12/29/77/0701000000

AEN20111229002900315F.HTML (15/09/2017, 03:57 WIB)

______. Seolhyun. Visit Korea Committee diakses dalam http://vkc.or.kr/en/visit-

korea-year/ambassadors/seolhyun/ (4/10/2017, 05:37 WIB)

______. Showbiz Tycoon with Global Ambitions for K-Pop. diakses dalam


html (05,12/2017, 23:10 WIB)

______. Soap, sparkle, and pop How a really uncool country became the

tastemaker of Asia. diakses dalam

https://www.economist.com/news/books-and-arts/21611039-how-really-

uncool-country-became-tastemaker-asia-soap-sparkle-and-pop

(17/12/2017, 19:50 WIB)

______. South Korea on top alert as North Korea’s attack deadline looms.

Diakses dalam http://www.straitstimes.com/asia/east-asia/south-korea-on-

top-alert-as-north-koreas-attack-deadline-looms (28/11/2016, 22:03 WIB)

______. South Korea on top alert as North Korea’s attack deadline looms,

diakses dalam http://www.straitstimes.com/asia/east-asia/south-korea-on-

top-alert-as-north-koreas-attack-deadline-looms (28/11/2016, 22:03 WIB)

______. South Korea resumes anti-North broadcast. diakses dalam

http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/01/south-korea-resumes-

propaganda-broadcasts-north-160108034959525.html (18/05/2016, 01:51

WIB)

______. South Korea resumes anti-North broadcast. diakses dalam

http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/01/south-korea-resumes-

propaganda-broadcasts-north-160108034959525.html (18/05/2016, 01:51

WIB)

______. The Inter-Korean Propaganda War. diakses dalam

https://foreignpolicyblogs.com/2016/02/04/the-inter-korean-propaganda-

war/

______. TVXQ Becomes First Korean Group to Hold 5 Dome Tour in Japan.

diakses dalam

https://archive.is/20150407005931/http://kbsworld.kbs.co.kr/entertainment

_news/news_view2.html?no=8375&current_page=38&lang= (05/12/2017

01:19 WIB)

______. United Nations Conference On Trade and Development, Strengthening

the Creative Industries for Development in the Republic of Korea. diakses

dalam http://unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/ditcted2017d4_en.pdf

(14/12/2017, 14:26 WIB)

______. Visit Korea Committee. 2016 – 2018 Visit Korea Year. diakses dalam

http://vkc.or.kr/en/visit-korea-year/committee/ (28/11/2017, 20:31 WIB)

Ah, Seol Song. Pleasures of ‘Hallyu’ far outweigh its hazard. diakses dalam

http://www.dailynk.com/english/read_print.php?cataId=nk01500&num=1

3653&viewmode= (25/12/2017, 18:28 WIB)

Benjamin, Jeff. K-Pop Concerts Continue to Grow Outside Asia: Exclusive

Infographic. diakses dalam https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/k-

town/7350481/international-k-pop-concerts-growth-infographic

(03/12/2017, 21:19 WIB)

Boram, Park. (Yonhap Feature) K-Pop brandished in psych battle with N.Korea.

diakses dalam

http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/national/2015/09/04/32/0301000000AEN

20150904006400315F.html (1/1/2018, 16:04 WIB)

Cohen, Zachary. North Korea defector says information more dangerous than US

threats. diakses dalam http://edition.cnn.com/2017/11/02/politics/north-

korean-defector-thae-kim-jong-un/index.html (22/12/2017, 01:48 WIB)

Cologne. Power of culture – Hallyu. the Korean Wave. diakses dalam

http://globe-one.com/power-of-culture-hallyu-the-korean-wave-4636/

(02/12/2017, 18:30 WIB)

Dong-hwan, Ko. Singer Seolhyun new face of Korea. diakses dalam

http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/culture/2016/09/201_190591.htm

l (28/11/2017, 20:16 WIB)

Dor, Alexandre. North Korea’s Achilles Heel: Propaganda broadcasts. diakses

dalam https://thediplomat.com/2015/09/north-koreas-achilles-heel-

propaganda-broadcasts/ (18/2/2018, 08:09 WIB)

Efianingrum, Ariefa. Metode Penelitian Kualitatif dan Kuantitatif. Diakses dalam

http://staff.uny.ac.id/sites/default/files/SEMINAR%20SOSIOLOGI.pdf

(11/05/2016, 20:31 WIB)

Fifield, Anna. S. Korea agrees to end broadcasts as North express regret for

provocations. Diakses dalam

https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/north-korea-hates-

those-loudspeakers-because-they-make-fun-of-kim/2015/08/24/439f6039-

3f37-490b-9fa1-e3b8022893e6_story.html (28/11/2016, 21:15 WIB)

Garcia, Cathy Rose A. Super Junior-M debuts in China. diakses dalam

http://koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/people/2008/04/178_22128.html

(03/12/2017, 20:21 WIB)

Harding, Luke. High Ranking North Korean Diplomat in London defects to South

Korea. diakses dalam

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/aug/16/north-korean-diplomat-

in-london-defects-says-south-korean-media (18/12/2017, 12:20 WIB)

https://colorcodedlyrics.com/2010/06/girls-generation-sonyeosidae-tell-me-your-

wish-genie

Ji-Soo, Kim. KOCCA, King Sejong Institute to promote hallyu together. diakses

dalam

http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/common/printpreview.asp?categoryCo

de=386&newsIdx=132744 (14/12/2017, 14:55 WIB)

Ji-won, Lee. History and impact of South Korea’s loudspeaker propaganda

broadcasts, Arirang news. diakses dalam

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PgKJL7pQWTs (30/01/2018, 22:29

WIB)

Jimenez, Justin. South Korean Propaganda Blasts. diakses dalam

http://content.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1993376,00.html

(29/11/2017, 14:41 WIB)

Jimenez, Justin. South Korean Propaganda Blasts. diakses dalam

http://content.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1993376,00.html

(10/10/2017, 14:20 WIB)

Kim, Suwan. The New Korean Wave in the Middle East and its role in the

strategic approach to medical tourism in Korea. Ateneo de Manila

University. diakses dalam

https://journals.ateneo.edu/ojs/index.php/kk/article/viewFile/KK2017.029

12/2566 (03/12/2017, 09:17 WIB)

Kozhakhmetova, Dinara. Soft Power of Korean Popular Culture in Japan: K-Pop

Avid Fandom in Tokyo. Lund University. diakses dalam

http://lup.lub.lu.se/luur/download?func=downloadFile&recordOId=34601

20&fileOId=3910984 (03/12/2017, 22:04 WIB)

Kwang-tae, Kim. (Yonhap Feature) K-Pop bands captivate Paris in Europe’s first

KCON. diakses dalam

http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/national/2016/06/10/0301000000AEN201

60610007700320.html (05/12/2017, 23:02 WIB)

Ladner, Mimsie. K-Pop and the Future of Korea. diakses dalam

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/mimsie-ladner/kpop-korea-

music_b_3784115.html (15/09/2017, 03:45 WIB)

Lee, J. Oricon Charts President: “Too Many K-Pop Artists Rushing to Japanese

Market”. diakses dalam https://www.soompi.com/2012/02/27/oricon-

charts-president-says-korean-singers-have-many-charms-but-too-many-

enter-the-japanese-music-market-at-the-same-time/ (05/12/2017, 00:57

WIB)

Lee, Je Son. Ask a North Korean: do you love K-Pop too?. diakses dalam

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jun/18/k-pop-south-korea-ask-

a-north-korean (19/12/2017, 16:38 WIB)

Lee, Je Son. Do North Koreans Like K-pop? North Koreans like Southern pop

culture more and more, but reasons differ by generation. Diakses dalam

https://www.nknews.org/2015/06/do-north-koreans-like-k-pop/

(04/05/2017, 12:23 WIB)

Ma, Alexandra. Young North Korean smuggle games and books into the country

through tiny memory sticks in their noses, defector reveals. diakses dalam

http://www.businessinsider.sg/thae-yong-ho-north-korea-defector-citizens-

smuggle-foreign-content-nose-cards-2017-11/?r=UK&IR=T (22/12/2017,

02:07 WIB)

Mahajan, Viraj. Lee Minho And Kim Seolhyun Joins President Park Geun Hye to

Welcome to Visit To Korea. diakses dalam

http://mstarsnews.musictimes.com/articles/91443/20151107/lee-min-ho-

seolhyn-joins-president-park-geun-hye.htm (4/10/2017, 05:17 WIB)

McCurry, Justin. Girls’Generation lead K-Pop invasion in Japan. diakses dalam

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/sep/30/japanese-pop-girls-

generation (05/12/2017 00:42 WIB)

Min-Sik, Yoon. S.Korean culture seeping into N.Korea. diakses dalam

http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20161229000745 (19/12/2017,

17:14 WIB)

Min-Sik, Yoon. S.Korean culture seeping into N.Korea. diakses dalam


17:14 WIB)

Oak, Jessica dan Jeff Benjamin. Happy 10th Anniversary, TVXQ! 10 Shining

Moments in the K-Pop Icon’s Career. diakses dalam

https://www.billboard.com/articles/list/5869733/happy-10th-anniversary-

tvxq-10-shining-moments-in-the-k-pop-icons-career (05/12/2017, 13:43

WIB)

Padden, Brian. Koreas Ramp Up Psychological Warfare After Nuclear Test.

diakses dalam https://www.voanews.com/a/koreas-ramp-up-

psychological-warfare-after-nuclear-test/3145316.html (30/04/2018, 02:06

WIB)

Park, Jinhyok. Ask a North Korean: Can outside information bring change?.

diakses dalam https://www.nknews.org/2016/09/ask-a-north-korean-can-

information-from-the-outside-world-bring-change/ (04/4/2017, 22:29

WIB)

Paterson, Simeon. Korean Loudspeakers: What are the North and South shouting

about?. diakses dalam http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-35278451

(18/05/2016, 02:15 WIB)

Press, Associated. South Korea resumes anti-North Korea broadcasts after land

mine explosions. Diakses dalam http://www.latimes.com/world/asia/la-fg-

korea-land-mines-broadcast-20150810-story.html (25/11/2016, 08:02

WIB)

Press, Associated. South Korea resumes anti-North Korea broadcasts after land

mine explosions. diakses dalam http://www.latimes.com/world/asia/la-fg-

korea-land-mines-broadcast-20150810-story.html (20/12/2017, 12:03

WIB)

Rash, John. Culture has become a tool to challenge North Korea. diakses dalam

http://www.startribune.com/culture-has-become-a-tool-to-challenge-north-

korea/369491442/ (24/04/2018, 20:08 WIB)

Reuters. South Korean president talks tough, demands apology from Pyongyang.

Diakses dalam

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/northkorea/11819790/So

uth-Korean-president-talks-tough-demands-apology-from-Pyongyang.html

(28/11/2016, 21:09 WIB)

Reuters. South Korean president talks tough, demands apology from Pyongyang,.

diakses dalam

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/northkorea/11819790/So

uth-Korean-president-talks-tough-demands-apology-from-Pyongyang.html

(28/11/2016, 21:09 WIB)

Sang Yong, Lee. Hallyu hooks deep into North Korea Society. diakses dalam

http://www.dailynk.com/english/read.php?num=13873&cataId=nk01500

(25/12/2017, 18:39 WIB)

Sang-hun, Choe. Korean Tensions Grow as South Curbs Trade to North. diakses

dalam

http://www.nytimes.com/2010/05/24/world/asia/24korea.html?mtrref=ww

w.google.com (20/12/2017, 11:28 WIB)

Sang-hun, Choe. North and South Korea on Alert Over Loudspeakers Blaring

Propaganda. Diakses dalam

http://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/22/world/asia/north-korea-attack-on-

south-triggered-by-propaganda-loudspeakers.html (28/11/2016, 21:50

WIB)

Sang-hun, Choe. North and South Korea on Alert Over Loudspeakers Blaring

Propaganda. diakses dalam

https://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/22/world/asia/north-korea-attack-on-

south-triggered-by-propaganda-loudspeakers.html (28/11/2016, 21:50

WIB)

Sang-Hun, Choe. To Jar North, South Korea Used a Pop-Music Barrage. Diakses

dalam https://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/31/world/asia/south-koreas-pop-

music-barrage-rattles-north.html?_r=1 (21/03/2016, 00:02 WIB)

Sim, Shuan. Kim Jongun’s Official New Theme Song, Translated. diakses dalam

https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2012/07/kim-jong-uns-

official-new-theme-song-translated/259475/ (04/01/2018, 05:56 WIB)

Soh, Yong-A. Histoy of the Korean wave in Japan. diakses dalam

http://english.donga.com/List/3/03/26/936070/1 (05/12/2017, 11:20 WIB)

Sojung, Yoon. Korean cosmetics capture overseas markets. diakses dalam

http://www.korea.net/NewsFocus/Business/view?articleId=119715

(17/09/2017, 22:02 WIB)

Staff, Telegraph. Gangnam Style becomes YouTube’s most-viewed video. diakses

dalam http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/music-

news/9702654/Gangnam-Style-becomes-YouTubes-most-viewed-

video.html (13/09/2017, 23:56 WIB)

Suh-yong, Yun, South Korean media stirs North Koreans to flee. diakes dalam


18:46 WIB)

Tebay, Andy. KOCCA to put 16,4 million won into helping content-based

startups. diakses dalam http://www.venturesquare.net/world/kocca-2017-

program/ (14/12/2017, 14:33 WIB)

Wen, Zang, Han Geng: A super star from Hezhe. diakses dalam

http://www.cctv.com/english/special/ethnicich/20090825/107913.shtml

(03/12/2017, 19:47 WIB)

Wen, Zang. K-Beauty, K-Cafes, and K-Pop: The economic and social influence of

transnational Korean Culture in China. diakses dalam

http://congress.aks.ac.kr/korean/files/2_1413767057.pdf (03/12/2017,

20:09 WIB)

Whan, Kang Dong. The mighty power of pop culture. diakses dalam

http://english.dailynk.com/english/read.php?cataId=nk03600&num=8202

(28/12/2017, 20:46 WIB)

Woo, Jaeyeon. K-Pop duo TVXQ sets milestone in Japanese Oricon Charts.

diakses dalam

http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/news/2017/10/31/0200000000AEN20171

031005000315.html (05/12/2017, 13:49 WIB)

Yang, Somang. Pretty boys and dancing divas give South Korean cosmetics Asian

appeals. diakses dalam https://www.reuters.com/article/us-korea-

cosmetics-asia/pretty-boys-and-dancing-divas-give-south-korean-

cosmetics-asian-appeal-idUSBRE8B80GE20121209 (17/09/2017, 21:32

WIB)

ANALISA PENGGUNAAN K-POP SEBAGAI ALAT ...

Documents

Transcript of ANALISA PENGGUNAAN K-POP SEBAGAI ALAT ...