76423 v6 - World Bank Documents
66
178 Comments Received Via Website The following comments were received on-line from March 25, 2008 – July 15, 2008. These comments are also collated by question. Sub-Table of Contents Question 1…………………………………………………………………….Page 179 Question 2…………………………………………………………………….Page 187 Question 3…………………………………………………………………….Page 196 Question 3…………………………………………………………………….Page 201 Question 5…………………………………………………………………….Page 213 Question 6…………………………………………………………………….Page 221 Lengthy Responses..………………………………………………………….Page 230 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized
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Transcript of 76423 v6 - World Bank Documents
178
Comments Received Via Website
The following comments were received on-line from March 25, 2008 – July 15, 2008. These comments are also collated by question.
Sub-Table of Contents Question 1…………………………………………………………………….Page 179 Question 2…………………………………………………………………….Page 187 Question 3…………………………………………………………………….Page 196 Question 3…………………………………………………………………….Page 201 Question 5…………………………………………………………………….Page 213 Question 6…………………………………………………………………….Page 221 Lengthy Responses..………………………………………………………….Page 230
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Typewritten Text
76423 v6
17
9
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
1. W
hat s
houl
d th
e W
orld
Ban
k G
roup
’s r
ole
on c
limat
e ch
ange
be
with
in th
e in
tern
atio
nal d
evel
opm
ent c
omm
unity
?
Mel
Eva
ns (P
lan
B)
As c
limat
e ch
ange
pos
es a
mas
sive
thre
at to
dev
elop
men
t eff
orts
, the
WB
G m
ust f
ocus
on
the
issu
e an
d ad
dres
s m
embe
rs re
spon
sibi
lity
for c
arbo
n em
issi
ons a
nd th
us g
loba
l war
min
g.
Smita
Nak
hood
a (W
orld
Res
ourc
es
Inst
itute
)
The
Wor
ld B
ank
rem
ains
the
wor
ld’s
larg
est p
ublic
ly o
wne
d an
d m
ultil
ater
ally
gov
erne
d fin
anci
al in
stitu
tion.
As t
he
SFC
CD
not
es, c
limat
e ch
ange
is a
dev
elop
men
t cha
lleng
e. T
he W
orld
Ban
k sh
ould
pla
y a
lead
ersh
ip ro
le in
iden
tifyi
ng
and
supp
ortin
g lo
w-c
arbo
n de
velo
pmen
t opt
ions
for i
ts c
lient
cou
ntrie
s, w
hile
als
o he
lpin
g th
em to
ada
pt to
the
likel
y im
pact
s of c
limat
e ch
ange
. The
Wor
ld B
ank
Gro
up h
as th
e op
portu
nity
to le
ad th
e tra
nsfo
rmat
ion
to a
new
dev
elop
men
t ap
proa
ch th
at in
corp
orat
es c
limat
e ch
ange
fact
ors i
nto
deci
sion
-mak
ing
at a
ll le
vels
.
Nic
k W
elch
(Roy
al
Dut
ch S
hell
plc)
Fr
om o
ur p
erse
pctiv
e th
e W
BG
shou
ld b
uild
on
the
prog
ress
in th
e C
EIF.
Milt
on D
evad
osan
(T
he B
ridge
Fo
unda
tion)
The
draf
t act
ion
plan
dra
wn
by S
FCC
D is
com
preh
ensi
ve a
nd th
e st
rate
gies
are
app
ropr
iate
to in
itiat
e th
e pr
ogrm
of
miti
gatin
g an
d ad
aptin
g th
e cl
imat
e ch
ange
. Th
e w
orld
ban
k re
quire
s to
play
faci
liatio
n an
d m
ento
ring
role
.
Rya
n Ly
nch
(Mic
ro
Insu
ranc
e A
genc
y)
We
will
add
ress
the
follo
win
g qu
estio
ns fr
om th
e pe
rspe
ctiv
e w
e ho
ld a
s mic
ro in
sure
rs, m
ost s
peci
fical
ly a
s we
see
the
WB
G’s
role
in c
limat
e ch
ange
as i
t rel
ates
to c
rop,
wea
ther
, and
hea
lth re
late
d is
sues
.
John
Cai
n (C
hevr
on
Cor
pora
tion)
Th
e W
orld
Ban
k G
roup
’s ro
le o
n cl
imat
e ch
ange
shou
ld b
e fiv
e-fo
ld:
Shei
la P
age
(Ove
rsea
s D
evel
opm
ent I
nstit
ute)
O
n 9
July
, I re
ceiv
ed a
n em
ail s
ayin
g th
at th
e co
nsul
tatio
n ha
d be
en e
xten
ded
to 7
July
. Th
is is
eith
er in
sulti
ng o
r ca
rele
ss.
Nei
ther
sugg
ests
that
you
are
taki
ng th
e co
nsul
tatio
n se
rious
ly.
Sibi
ri Je
an Z
OU
ND
I (O
ECD
) Se
rvir
de m
oteu
r per
met
tant
la m
obili
satio
n co
hére
nte
des é
nerg
ies (
moy
ens t
echn
ique
s, in
télle
ctue
ls, f
inan
cier
s...,
la
créa
tion
de la
syne
rgie
et l
'har
mon
isat
ion
des i
nter
vent
ions
dan
s les
pay
s.
Kof
i Ada
de D
ebra
h (P
lan
Gha
na
The
grou
p sh
ould
ens
ure
that
eve
ry p
ropo
sal t
hat t
he W
orld
Ban
k fu
nds s
houl
d ha
ve a
n en
viro
nmen
tal c
onse
rvat
ion
com
pone
nt e
spec
ially
mea
sure
s to
redu
ce th
e em
issi
on o
f gre
en h
ouse
gas
es a
nd a
ctiv
ities
to im
prov
e up
on c
arbo
n se
ques
tratio
n in
pro
gram
impl
emen
tatio
n co
untri
es.
Ahm
adul
Has
san
Wor
ld B
ank
Gro
up sh
ould
eng
age
in fa
cilit
atin
g, c
oord
inat
ing
and
man
agin
g fu
nd w
ith h
ighe
r eff
icie
ncy.
18
0
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
(CEG
IS)
Rob
ert
Vin
cin
(Vin
cin
Bin
Li E
nviro
nmen
t Te
chno
logy
Co
Ltd
(Chi
na)
Glo
bal c
omm
unic
ator
hig
hlig
htin
g in
Ban
king
term
s
Bill
Sm
ith (F
orm
er
Ban
k)
Due
to le
ngth
y co
mm
ents
, ple
ase
refe
r to
the
“ext
ensi
ve c
omm
ents
” at
end
of t
his s
ectio
n.
Mat
thew
Add
ison
(T
etra
Tec
h)
Leon
Kap
pelm
an
Telli
ng th
e tru
th in
stea
d of
pro
mot
ing
the
hypo
thes
is o
f hum
an-c
ause
d, c
arbo
n-ca
used
clim
ate
chan
ge a
s gos
pel.
Po
llutio
n is
a re
al p
robl
em, c
arbo
n is
pro
babl
y no
t.
Dia
na F
erna
nda
Mon
tini (
Aso
ciac
ion
Bos
que
NN
M)
El p
apel
que
deb
era
dese
mpe
ñar e
l GB
M, d
eber
á se
r lo
sufic
ient
emen
te c
laro
en
su p
ostu
ra, e
vita
ndo
finan
ciar
pro
yect
os
que
cont
ribuy
an a
l cam
bio
clim
átic
o. P
ara
esto
deb
eran
cap
acita
r a su
s mie
mbr
os p
ara
no c
aer e
n ot
ro C
aso
Bos
nia/
Arg
entin
a.
Jorg
e D
anie
l Tai
llant
(C
ente
r for
Hum
an
Rig
hts a
nd
Envi
ronm
ent)
Due
to le
ngth
y co
mm
ents
, ple
ase
refe
r to
the
“ext
ensi
ve c
omm
ents
” at
end
of t
his s
ectio
n.
Mam
douh
G. S
alam
eh
(Oil
Mar
ket
Con
sulta
ncy
Serv
ice)
The
Wor
ld B
ank
shou
ld ta
ke th
e le
ad in
the
enha
ncem
ent o
f ene
rgy
effic
ienc
y. T
he e
nhan
cem
ent o
f ene
rgy
effic
ienc
y in
en
d-us
e pr
oduc
es a
num
ber o
f priv
ate
as w
ell a
s pub
lic b
enef
its. T
he p
rom
otio
n of
ene
rgy
effic
ienc
y in
end
-use
sect
ors
is a
key
tool
to c
urb
atm
osph
eric
em
issi
ons a
nd, i
n pa
rticu
lar,
gree
nhou
se g
as e
mis
sion
s fro
m th
e en
ergy
syst
ems,
cont
ribut
ing
to su
stai
nabi
lity.
Oth
er b
enef
icia
l eff
ects
incl
ude:
redu
cing
ene
rgy
cost
s for
fina
l con
sum
ers,
incr
easi
ng
supp
ly o
f ene
rgy
serv
ices
, enh
anci
ng se
curit
y of
supp
ly a
nd e
cono
mic
com
petit
iven
ess.
Ener
gy sa
ving
is th
e m
ost
effe
ctiv
e an
d co
st-e
ffec
tive
man
ner t
o re
duce
gre
enho
use
gas e
mis
sion
s and
als
o im
prov
e ai
r qua
lity.
The
se b
enef
its a
re
not m
ade
at th
e ex
pens
e of
gro
wth
: the
pro
duct
ion
chai
n of
ene
rgy
serv
ices
has
a g
reat
er a
dded
val
ue o
ver t
he c
hain
s of
prod
uctio
n an
d pr
oces
sing
of e
nerg
y, st
imul
atin
g th
e de
velo
pmen
t of i
nnov
ativ
e te
chno
logi
es a
nd so
lutio
ns, w
ith
posi
tive
effe
cts o
n pr
oduc
tivity
and
eco
nom
ic d
evel
opm
ent.
Zak
Kul
berg
(I
ndep
ende
nt
Res
aerc
her)
Fina
nce
refo
rest
atio
n of
frag
men
ted
fore
sts a
nd e
mpl
oy im
pove
rishe
d pe
ople
to d
o th
e w
ork.
Use
ferti
lizer
s fro
m
seaw
eeds
in e
utrif
ied
area
s to
revi
taliz
e th
e fo
rest
eco
syst
ems.
Don
ate
build
ing
mat
eria
ls to
low
lyin
g is
land
s nat
ions
to
cons
truct
ero
sion
con
trol b
arrie
rs a
nd fi
sh h
abita
ts fo
r spa
wni
ng a
nd re
sist
ance
to fi
sher
y co
llaps
es. P
ress
ure
gaso
line
18
1
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
com
pani
es to
rem
ove
lead
add
itive
s fro
m g
asol
ine
in th
e ce
nter
of m
arin
e bi
odiv
ersi
ty.
Save
is Jo
ze S
adeg
hian
(I
FAD
) D
ue to
leng
thy
com
men
ts, p
leas
e re
fer t
o th
e “e
xten
sive
com
men
ts”
at e
nd o
f thi
s sec
tion.
Judi
th K
lost
erm
ann
(WU
R-A
lterr
a)
An
impo
rtant
que
stio
n in
the
clim
ate
deba
te is
the
allo
catio
n of
cos
ts a
nd b
enef
its o
f ada
ptat
ion
en m
itiga
tion
optio
ns.
Und
er th
e pr
esen
t ins
titut
iona
l arr
ange
men
ts, t
he o
nes w
ho w
ould
ben
efit
are
not t
he o
nes w
ho w
ould
hav
e to
inve
st, a
nd
this
can
be
a ba
rrie
r to
impl
emen
t the
solu
tions
. Def
ores
tatio
n is
an
exam
ple.
I se
e a
role
for t
he W
orld
Ban
k he
re,
beca
use
1. th
is p
robl
em is
at a
glo
bal s
cale
2. i
t fits
with
in w
orld
ban
k ex
perti
se 3
the
wor
ld b
ank
may
be
able
to d
evel
op
new
inst
itutio
nal a
rran
gem
ents
to im
prov
e th
is. F
inal
ly a
war
ning
that
this
is n
ot o
nly
an e
cono
mic
issu
e bu
t als
o a
cultu
ral/
polic
y is
sue.
Sim
one
Love
ra
(Sob
revi
venc
ia/F
riend
s of
the
Earth
-Par
agua
y
We
feel
the
Wor
ld B
ank
grou
p ca
n on
ly h
ave
a le
gitim
ate
role
on
clim
ate
chan
ge if
it im
plem
ents
the
reco
mm
enda
tions
of
the
Extra
ctiv
e In
dust
ries R
evie
w a
nd w
ithdr
aws a
ll fin
anci
al su
ppor
t to
proj
ects
with
a c
lear
ly n
egat
ive
carb
on
bala
nce
in g
ener
al. W
ithou
t suc
h a
first
step
, ini
tiativ
es li
ke th
e C
limat
e In
vest
men
t Fun
ds w
ill o
nly
lead
to se
rious
co
nflic
ts o
f int
eres
ts.
Xav
ier L
ecac
heur
(UK
D
FID
Le
vera
ging
WB
G u
niqu
e ne
twor
k an
d kn
owle
dge
of m
iddl
e an
d lo
w in
com
e co
untri
es d
evel
opm
ent i
ssue
s and
prio
ritie
s to
inte
grat
e cl
imat
e ch
ange
cha
lleng
es.
Mar
ía E
mig
dalia
Es
pino
za d
e A
lvar
ado
(Min
iste
rio d
e Ed
ucat
ion)
Ense
ñar o
más
bié
n re
ense
ñar a
pro
tege
r los
poc
os re
curs
os n
atur
ales
reno
vabl
es q
ue y
a so
n m
uy p
ocos
los q
ue n
os
qued
an y
est
o se
deb
e lo
grar
des
de lo
s cen
tros e
duca
tivos
y lo
s Hog
ares
.
Eliz
abet
h St
uart
(Okf
am In
tern
atio
nal)
Due
to le
ngth
y co
mm
ents
, ple
ase
refe
r to
the
“ext
ensi
ve c
omm
ents
” at
end
of t
his s
ectio
n.
Kim
anth
i MU
TUA
(K-
Rep
Ban
k Th
e W
orld
Ban
k gr
oup
is b
est p
lace
d to
act
prim
arily
as a
n ad
viso
r and
faci
litat
or w
ithin
the
inte
rnat
iona
l dev
elop
men
t co
mm
unity
dra
win
g on
thei
r wea
lth o
f exp
erie
nce
from
a v
ast n
umbe
r of m
arke
ts.
The
Wor
ld B
ank
Gro
up a
lso
has a
cr
itica
l sig
nalin
g ro
le in
hig
hlig
htin
g th
e im
porta
nce
of ta
cklin
g cl
imat
e ch
ange
with
out c
ompr
omis
ing
pove
rty
alle
viat
ion,
dev
elop
men
t or e
cono
mic
gro
wth
eff
orts
. An
assu
mpt
ion
of b
oth
role
s wou
ld re
sult
in a
coh
esiv
e,
com
preh
ensi
ve a
nd sy
nerg
ized
app
roac
h by
the
inte
rnat
iona
l dev
elop
men
t com
mun
ity to
war
ds ta
cklin
g cl
imat
e ch
ange
. Th
e W
orld
Ban
k gr
oup
coul
d al
so o
pera
te a
s a re
gula
tory
bod
y en
surin
g th
at fu
ndin
g fr
om th
e de
velo
pmen
t com
mun
ity
is c
hann
eled
tow
ards
eco
logi
cally
resp
onsi
ble
miti
gatio
n an
d ad
apta
tion
proj
ects
.
Yus
uf C
ICEK
(Priv
ate
Sect
or)
As a
hug
e or
gani
satio
n al
l ove
r the
wor
ld w
ith c
erta
in c
apab
ilitie
s tog
ethe
r with
oth
er o
rgan
isat
ions
such
as U
N th
e B
ank
may
led
the
who
le p
roce
s in
line
with
the
wel
l pre
pare
d SF
CC
D.
18
2
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
Om
ar K
han
(Uni
vers
ity o
f V
erm
ont)
Con
veni
ng c
onse
nsus
pan
els
MER
CY
ALM
ON
A-
ISEI
(Nig
eria
n H
ouse
of
Rep
rese
ntat
ives
The
WB
G’s
role
shou
ld b
e fu
ndam
enta
l, ye
t who
listic
. It s
houl
d co
ver a
reas
as d
iver
se a
s:
Emm
anue
l Odj
am-
Aku
amte
y (E
colo
gica
l R
esto
ratio
n)
MO
BIL
IZE
FUN
DS
FOR
DEV
ELO
PIN
G C
OU
NTR
IES
TO C
ON
TRIB
UTE
TO
WA
RD
S TH
E M
ITIG
ATI
ON
OF
CLI
MA
TE C
HA
NG
E A
ND
ALS
O A
SSIS
T TH
EM E
STA
BLI
SH A
LTER
NA
TIV
E EN
ERG
Y S
OU
RC
ES.
Teki
sura
yya
Nat
iona
l In
stitu
te o
f Fin
anci
al
Man
agem
ent)
The
WB
G in
deed
is th
e rig
ht in
stitu
tions
to a
ddre
ss th
e is
sue
corr
ectly
. it s
houl
d ac
t as c
atal
yst t
o m
itiga
te th
e pr
oble
m.
Tani
m L
aila
(Ins
titut
e of
Moh
amm
ad)
That
clim
ate
chan
ge is
at t
he h
eart
of is
sues
per
tain
ing
to p
over
ty re
duct
ion
is n
ow a
n em
ergi
ng fa
ct a
nd it
s sig
nific
ant
influ
ence
on
glob
al e
cono
mic
div
ides
nee
ds to
be
addr
esse
d. T
he W
orld
Ban
k G
roup
’s fo
cuse
d an
d co
llect
ive
agen
da is
po
verty
and
con
cern
ed fa
ctor
s of h
uman
dev
elop
men
t, ag
ricul
ture
and
rura
l dev
elop
men
t, en
viro
nmen
tal p
rote
ctio
n,
esta
blis
hing
and
enf
orci
ng re
gula
tions
, inf
rast
ruct
ure
and
gove
rnan
ce a
s suc
h th
eir r
ole
is e
nvis
aged
to e
mph
atic
ally
im
plem
ent t
he m
ulti-
sect
oral
inte
grat
ion
proc
ess f
or m
itiga
tion
and
adap
tatio
n of
the
SFC
CD
. Th
ey a
re in
a c
ritic
al
posi
tion
that
is id
eally
suite
d to
brid
ge th
e co
mpr
ehen
sion
gap
bet
wee
n th
e go
vern
men
t – p
rivat
e an
d ci
vil s
ocie
ty se
ctor
on
issu
es th
at c
ontri
bute
to c
limat
e ch
ange
and
tim
ely
prev
entiv
e ac
tions
. Th
ey n
eed
to in
itiat
e th
e pr
oces
s of
envi
ronm
enta
l dem
ocra
cy th
at re
late
s to
the
basi
c hu
man
righ
ts a
nd so
cial
just
ice
ques
t. T
hey
need
to e
nsur
e th
at th
e pr
opos
ed fr
amew
ork
is in
clus
ive
of m
ajor
clim
ate
chan
ge c
once
rns s
peci
fical
ly in
ven
erab
le lo
calit
ies a
nd th
e im
pact
of
cala
miti
es li
ke e
rosi
on, f
lood
s, cy
clon
es a
nd ra
ise
in se
a le
vels
alo
ng w
ith w
ater
scar
city
and
dro
ught
s. Th
e es
sent
ial
hum
an c
once
rn re
quire
s mai
nstre
amin
g th
e cl
imat
e.
Vic
tor R
aul A
roca
O
spin
a (F
unda
cion
Pr
osur
gir)
El B
M d
ebe
dese
mpe
ñar e
l pap
el d
e co
ordi
nado
r de
proy
ecto
s , im
puls
ando
y so
licita
ndo
a lo
s paí
ses m
iem
bros
ado
ptar
m
edid
as m
as c
lara
s y se
rias r
espe
cto
al p
robl
ema
del C
alen
tam
ient
o gl
obal
, los
paí
ses e
n ví
a de
des
arro
llo d
esea
mos
que
el
BM
, ex
ija a
los p
aíse
s pro
duct
ores
de
emis
ione
s de
C02
com
prom
isos
cla
ros y
alc
anza
bles
par
a qu
e se
alc
ance
n la
s m
etas
de
dism
inuc
ión
de im
pact
o, y
a qu
e sa
bem
os q
ue la
s con
secu
enci
as se
har
án se
ntir
y se
rem
os lo
s paí
ses p
obre
s los
qu
e m
as d
año
sufr
irem
os e
n el
pro
ceso
.
Luis
Riv
era
(IN
CA
E B
usin
ess S
choo
l) O
ne k
ey is
sue
is to
cle
arly
bal
ance
glo
bal r
espo
nsib
ility
ver
sus g
loba
l cap
abili
ties.
Dev
elop
ing
coun
tries
hav
e a
dire
ct
resp
onsi
bilit
y, a
s dev
elop
ed n
atio
ns. B
ut fi
nanc
ial,
inst
itutio
nal a
nd p
oliti
cal r
esou
rces
are
sign
ifica
ntly
lim
ited
in
deve
lopi
ng n
atio
ns. H
ow to
supp
ort d
evel
opin
g na
tions
to "c
atch
up"
tech
nolo
gica
lly a
nd p
lay
a m
ore
dete
rmin
ant r
ole
18
3
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
shou
ld b
e pa
rt of
WB
´s p
riorit
ies.
Mar
y A
nn R
ing
(Gen
eral
Ele
ctric
C
ompa
ny)
The
WB
shou
ld p
lay
a m
ajor
lead
ersh
ip ro
le w
ithin
the
inte
rnat
iona
l dev
elop
men
t com
mun
ity, b
egin
ning
in th
e fo
llow
ing
area
s: T
his a
rea
mis
sing
Tom
Cor
selli
s (S
helte
r Cen
tre)
The
Wor
ld B
ank
Gro
up’s
role
with
in th
e in
tern
atio
nal d
evel
opm
ent c
omm
unity
shou
ld in
clud
e in
volv
emen
t with
go
vern
men
ts a
nd th
e hu
man
itaria
n co
mm
unity
thro
ugh
prep
ared
ness
and
resp
onse
, in
orde
r to
mai
ntai
n co
nsis
tent
and
co
ordi
nate
d su
ppor
t to
com
mun
ities
at r
isk
from
or i
mpa
cted
by
conf
licts
and
dis
aste
rs re
sulti
ng fr
om c
limat
e ch
ange
.
Mal
colm
Har
per
(Ind
epen
dent
) Fi
rst,
set a
goo
d ex
ampl
e to
mul
ti-la
tera
l and
bi-l
ater
al in
stitu
tions
and
men
d it'
s ow
n im
age
(a li
ttle)
by
elim
inat
ing
non-
econ
omy
clas
s air
trave
l for
all
staf
f. 'B
usin
ess C
lass
' use
s aro
und
five
times
as m
uch
spac
e/fu
el p
er p
asse
nger
as
econ
omy.
Firs
t cla
ss e
ven
mor
e. T
hen,
as b
elow
.
Tom
Sha
rman
(A
ctio
nAid
T
he W
orld
Ban
k G
roup
shou
ld m
ake
sure
that
all
of it
s act
iviti
es p
rom
ote
sust
aina
ble,
low
-car
bon
deve
lopm
ent.
It sh
ould
reta
in p
over
ty re
duct
ion
as it
s prim
ary
obje
ctiv
e an
d sh
ould
wor
k to
ach
ieve
this
in a
car
bon-
cons
train
ed w
orld
. Th
e W
orld
Ban
k sh
ould
not
bec
ome
a 'C
limat
e C
hang
e B
ank'
, nor
shou
ld it
s act
iviti
es d
etra
ct fr
om U
NFC
CC
in
stitu
tions
and
pro
cess
es.
Jose
Lui
s Sor
ia
Sanc
hez
(ass
ocia
cao
civi
l de
natu
reza
be
nefic
ente
)
Ser o
resp
onsá
vel,
a ni
vel m
undi
al, p
or e
l aná
lisis
de
proj
ecto
s que
, de
uma
u ot
ra fo
rma,
trat
en so
bre
o au
men
to d
as
tem
pera
tura
s;fo
rmas
de
com
bate
r sus
efe
ctos
sobr
e la
s pop
ulac
ione
s; si
sten
as c
onst
rutiv
os q
ue p
rote
jan
las m
orad
as d
e la
s per
sona
s; re
ducc
ión
sobr
e la
s em
isio
nes d
e C
02 e
form
as d
e pr
eser
vaçã
o de
l con
sum
o de
ene
rgía
.
Moh
amm
ad Z
aman
(F
reel
ance
Con
sulta
nt)
WB
G m
ust t
ake
the
lead
– a
nd d
riven
by
rese
arch
, inf
orm
atio
n, p
assi
on fo
r sav
ing
the
plan
et fr
om th
e br
ink.
Giv
e pa
rticu
lar a
ttent
ion
to th
e de
velo
ping
cou
ntrie
s and
the
peop
le w
ho a
re a
t gre
ater
risk
s.
Car
los A
gene
si
(Int
erre
ligio
us C
ounc
il of
Mex
ico)
Bes
ides
fina
ncin
g pr
ojec
ts, i
t is i
mpo
rtant
to fi
nanc
e cl
imat
e ch
ange
aw
aren
ess p
rogr
ams a
nd th
e be
havi
or a
nd u
se o
f re
sour
ces b
e. (m
issi
ng in
fo.)
Staf
ford
“D
oc”
W
illia
mso
n (D
aoC
hi
Ener
gy o
f Ariz
ona)
The
Wor
ld B
ank
Gro
up sh
ould
ass
ume
a le
ader
ship
role
as p
rimar
y fa
cilit
ator
rath
er th
an a
rbite
r bet
wee
n ev
entu
al
"win
ners
" (o
r pre
-det
erm
inin
g w
hat a
nd w
ho th
e "w
inne
rs"
will
be
in th
e cr
iteria
for s
elec
tion
proc
ess)
.
May
Jeon
g (W
orld
B
ank
You
th
Dev
elop
men
t & P
eace
Com
plim
entin
g th
e ef
forts
of t
he U
NFC
CC
, sup
porti
ve o
f the
ove
rall
proc
esse
s of t
he U
nite
d N
atio
ns; t
houg
htfu
lly
inco
rpor
atin
g th
e co
ncep
t of "
sust
aina
ble
deve
lopm
ent"
in B
ank
-rel
ated
dev
elop
men
t eff
orts
18
4
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
Net
wor
k)
Cec
ilia
Embr
ee
(Coo
lClim
ate
LLC
) Th
e W
orld
Ban
k sh
ould
wor
k w
ith g
over
nmen
t mem
bers
on
fisca
l and
sect
oral
mea
sure
s to
prom
ote
less
gre
enho
use
gas
inte
nsiv
e de
velo
pmen
t. Th
e W
orld
Ban
k sh
ould
stic
k to
its m
anda
te o
f wor
king
with
gov
ernm
ents
. The
IFC
shou
ld w
ork
with
the
priv
ate
sect
or.
sid
boub
ekeu
r (C
ente
r fo
r the
Dev
elop
men
t of
Ent
erpr
ise)
Larg
e ca
mpa
ign
to se
nsiti
ze th
e au
thor
ities
and
the
lead
ers f
rom
the
indu
stry
sect
or fr
om d
evel
opin
g an
d em
ergi
ng
coun
tries
Fred
e B
oste
en (D
STC
) To
enc
oura
ge th
e us
e of
rene
wab
le e
nerg
ies a
s rep
lace
men
t for
cha
rcoa
l, di
esel
, ker
osen
e, c
andl
es.
Ger
ald
Wes
t (G
eorg
etow
n U
nive
ssity
)
Ther
e is
a re
al o
ppor
tuni
ty fo
r the
WB
G to
ass
ume
one
of th
e le
ader
ship
pos
ition
s in
the
inte
rnat
iona
l dev
elop
men
t co
mm
unity
prim
arily
bec
ause
it is
a G
roup
with
thre
e en
titie
s, se
para
te c
apita
l bas
es, a
nd a
reas
onab
le d
ivis
ion
of la
bor
amon
g th
em. T
his e
ndow
s the
Gro
up w
ith fl
exib
ility
to la
unch
div
erse
and
mul
tiple
eff
orts
with
out h
eavy
-han
ded
cent
raliz
atio
n.
Ray
Hol
land
(GTZ
/EU
Pr
ojec
t) In
tegr
atin
g cl
imat
e ch
ange
con
side
ratio
ns in
to e
xist
ing
appr
oach
es.
Kei
th O
pens
haw
(R
etire
d)
Prom
ote
a ca
rbon
tax,
esp
ecia
lly in
dev
elop
ed c
ount
ries.
Dev
elop
ed c
ount
ries a
re p
rom
otin
g gr
owth
of t
heir
econ
omie
s. A
2%
gro
wth
rate
will
dou
ble
the
inco
me
in 2
5 ye
ars w
ith a
stab
le p
opul
atio
n an
d 25
yea
rs a
t 3%
. Whe
re w
ill th
e go
ods
and
serv
ices
com
e fr
om to
sust
aina
bly
deve
lop
such
gro
wth
? I t
hink
the
WB
Gro
up sh
ould
be
prom
otin
g re
dist
ribut
ion
of w
ealth
in th
e ID
C ra
ther
than
fost
erin
g ec
onom
ic g
row
th in
wea
lthy
natio
ns.
Ther
e sh
ould
be
a se
rious
stud
y on
the
avai
labi
lity
of n
on-r
enew
able
reso
urce
s.
Staf
ford
Will
iam
son
(Will
iam
son
Info
rmat
ion
Tech
nolo
gies
Cor
p.)
WB
G c
ould
be
mos
t use
ful i
n tw
o ar
eas;
1) r
isk
miti
gatio
n fo
r cap
ital i
nves
tmen
ts, a
nd 2
) acc
eler
atio
n of
tech
nolo
gy
deve
lopm
ent b
y ag
gres
sive
seed
fina
ncin
g of
new
tech
nolo
gy e
xpan
sion
s. B
oth
of th
ese
area
s mak
e bo
th p
rivat
e an
d pu
blic
sect
or in
vest
ors n
ervo
us b
ecau
se th
e ris
ks a
re so
ver
y hi
gh.
Bol
d st
rate
gies
and
bol
d ac
tions
will
dou
btle
ss le
ad
to so
me
criti
cism
s in
inst
ance
s of f
ailu
re, a
nd fa
ilure
rate
s sho
uld
be e
xpec
ted
to b
e re
lativ
ely
high
, bec
ause
the
risk
to
rew
ards
ratio
rule
s app
ly.
Succ
esse
s, ho
wev
er, c
an b
e th
e ul
timat
e ar
bite
r of w
heth
er th
e en
tire
effo
rt w
as w
orth
whi
le o
r m
erel
y da
bblin
g in
a ri
sk p
ool t
oo sh
allo
w to
off
er si
gnifi
cant
rew
ards
in te
rms o
f soc
ieta
l and
MD
G g
oals
and
ac
com
plis
hmen
ts.
Arle
en S
eed
( A
s par
t of i
ts o
pera
tiona
l wor
k, e
spec
ially
in p
roje
cts w
hich
dep
loy
larg
e am
ount
s of t
echn
olog
y --
that
is, c
ompu
ting
equi
pmen
t and
mob
ile p
hone
tech
nolo
gy --
we
shou
ld b
e co
nsid
erin
g th
e is
sue
of e
Was
te.
Whi
le th
is h
as n
ot y
et
reac
hed
the
glob
al ra
dar s
cree
n, w
e sh
ould
ant
icip
ate
the
pote
ntia
l for
eW
aste
incr
easi
ng a
nd im
pact
ing
our e
nviro
nmen
t in
neg
ativ
e w
ays.
So
we
mus
t be
a le
ader
in u
pstre
am c
onsi
dera
tion
of th
is is
sue
befo
re it
bec
omes
a b
ig p
robl
em.
18
5
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
Ado
lfo B
erch
eñi
(Con
tinen
tal N
EA)
Deb
eria
des
empe
ñar u
n pa
pel p
repo
nder
ante
y e
jecu
tivo.
Susa
nna
Nils
son
(Sid
a)
The
Wor
ld B
ank’
s com
para
tive
adva
ntag
e
Sidd
appa
Bag
alko
ti (K
arna
tak
Uni
vers
ity,
Dha
rwad
)
Fund
ing
for c
lene
r ene
rgy
deel
opm
ent a
nd fo
ster
ing
the
adop
tion
of th
e sa
me
apar
t fro
m p
ropa
gatin
g an
d su
ppor
tin
miti
gatio
n an
d ad
aptiv
e m
easu
res.
Leon
Kap
pelm
an
(Uvi
v of
Tex
as
Clim
ate
chan
ge is
not
the
issu
e to
focu
s on
-- It
is a
sym
ptom
not
a c
ause
and
the
role
of h
uman
s in
it is
unc
lear
. Po
llutio
n is
the
issu
e --
of a
ir, w
ater
, and
soil
and
carb
on is
just
a sm
all p
iece
of t
hat p
uzzl
e
Pier
re-O
livie
r Pin
eau
(HEC
Mon
treal
) To
supp
ort a
nd p
ush
for m
ultil
ater
al p
olic
ies t
hat a
re fi
ghtin
g cl
imat
e ch
ange
in th
e m
ost e
ffec
tive
man
ner,
whi
le
impr
ovin
g th
e po
verty
situ
atio
n in
non
-OEC
D c
ount
ries.
Ram
esha
Cha
ndra
ppa
(Kar
anat
aka
Stat
e Po
llutio
n C
ontro
l B
oard
, Ind
ia)
Supp
ort r
ailw
ays a
nd m
ass t
rans
port
syst
em.
You
may
mov
e ba
ck fi
nanc
ing
tow
ards
impr
ovem
ent o
f roa
d. I
n In
dia
bette
r roa
ds h
ave
incr
ease
d ca
rbon
em
issi
on a
s peo
ple
find
it co
nven
ient
to ra
vel i
n ow
n ve
hicl
e ra
ther
than
mas
s tra
nspo
rt.
Rav
indr
a K
olha
pure
(R
SR G
loba
l Vis
ion)
W
orld
Ban
k G
roup
as p
rime
apex
bod
y of
wor
ld, h
as v
ery
sign
ifica
nt ro
le to
pla
y in
the
clim
ate
chan
ge in
Inte
rnat
iona
l co
mm
unity
dur
ing
pres
ent g
loba
l war
min
g er
a.
Ang
elin
e C
ione
(Our
Ta
sk)
The
Wor
ld B
ank
shou
ld a
ckno
wle
dge
that
it h
as g
reat
pow
er in
shap
ing
inte
rnat
iona
l dev
elop
men
t and
ther
efor
e it
also
ha
s gre
at re
spon
sibi
lity
to sh
ape
deve
lopm
ent s
o th
at W
B-f
unde
d de
velo
pmen
t pro
gram
s add
ress
bot
h m
itiga
tion
and
adap
tatio
n to
clim
ate
chan
ge.
In th
e lo
ng ru
n, it
will
not
ben
efit
deve
lopi
ng c
ount
ries t
o bu
ild/d
evel
op th
eir e
cono
mie
s on
the
foun
datio
n of
car
bon-
emitt
ing
activ
ities
or t
echn
olog
y. T
he B
ank
shou
ld th
eref
ore
prov
ide
borr
owin
g co
untri
es
with
trai
ning
pro
gram
s and
kno
wle
dge
prod
ucts
rela
ted
to m
itiga
tion
and
adap
tatio
n st
rate
gies
. In
addi
tion,
the
Ban
k sh
ould
incl
ude
clim
ate
chan
ge m
itiga
tion
and
adap
tatio
n in
its d
efin
ition
of d
evel
opm
ent,
and
ther
efor
e gi
ve p
riorit
y to
le
ndin
g an
d gr
ants
for p
roje
cts t
hat i
nclu
de a
con
certe
d ef
fort
to a
ddre
ss m
itiga
tion
and
adap
tatio
n of
clim
ate
chan
ge.
Serc
il To
kogl
u (D
evel
opm
ent B
ank
of
Turk
ey)
The
Wor
ld B
ank
Gro
up sh
ould
iden
tify
join
tly th
e ne
eds a
nd d
eman
ds o
f eac
h co
untri
es p
ositi
on in
term
s of c
limat
e ch
ange
with
hos
t cou
ntrie
s rel
evan
t sta
ke h
olde
rs a
nd o
ther
rele
vant
inte
rnat
iona
l org
aniz
atio
ns. T
hen
this
wor
king
gr
oup
shou
ld d
esig
n an
act
ion
plan
incl
udin
g as
a fi
rst s
tep
to ra
ise
each
cou
ntrie
s pub
lic k
now
ledg
e in
term
s of c
limat
e ch
ange
adv
erse
eff
ects
. The
nex
t ste
p of
the
actio
n pl
an sh
ould
be
how
will
it b
e fin
ance
incl
udin
g th
e sp
ecifi
catio
n of
th
e W
orld
Ban
k G
roup
s fin
anci
al c
ontri
butio
n.
Alb
ert I
lem
obad
e (U
plin
e R
esou
rces
W
iden
dis
cuss
ion
on th
e im
pact
of c
limat
e ch
ange
on
Agr
icul
ture
and
poo
r com
mun
ities
in A
fric
a w
ith th
e ai
m o
f m
itiga
ting
its e
ffec
ts.
18
6
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
Foun
datio
n)
Wilh
elm
Nor
bert
(Gro
ntm
i_B
GS
Con
sulta
nts)
Bes
ides
fina
ncin
g, o
ne sh
ould
pro
vide
eas
y to
und
erst
and
and
–mis
sing
-to a
pply
kno
w. I
f pro
perly
pre
sent
ed (c
ompl
ete,
di
rect
ly a
pplic
able
and
for e
asy
dow
nloa
ding
, the
inte
rnet
is id
eal f
or th
e m
ultip
liers
.
Gör
an E
k (S
wed
ish
Soci
ety
for N
atur
e C
onse
rvat
ion)
End
subs
idie
s for
foss
il fu
els a
nd re
dire
ct e
nerg
y fin
anci
ng to
rene
wab
le e
nerg
y:
areg
e D
ougl
as (K
enya
Y
oung
Gre
en
Gre
ens/
Glo
bal Y
outh
G
reen
s)
We
are
wor
king
on
clim
ate
chan
ge is
sues
and
we
will
be
happ
y to
hel
p w
ith p
lann
ing
of th
e K
enya
n co
nsul
tatio
n w
ith
the
Wor
ld B
ank
Ken
ya o
ffic
e
Nik
hil D
esai
(Wor
ld
Ban
k)
Focu
s on
gove
rnan
ce (i
nter
natio
nal a
nd d
omes
tic a
spec
ts o
f ene
rgy/
envi
ronm
enta
l reg
ulat
ion)
, kno
wle
dge
gene
ratio
n,
and
finan
cing
of a
dapt
atio
n. F
inan
cing
of "
miti
gatio
n" sh
ould
be
larg
ely
via
carb
on fi
nanc
e (v
ario
us fu
nds)
rath
er th
an
"inc
rem
enta
l cos
t fin
ance
" a la
GEF
. (N
ot m
uch
to sh
ow a
fter 1
5 ye
ars a
nd in
any
cas
e m
itiga
tion
is fa
r too
big
a
chal
leng
e, a
nd m
ultil
ater
al a
gree
men
ts w
on't
be c
lear
till
2010
/15!
) C
ésar
Silv
io G
rana
dos
Raf
ael (
Uni
vfer
sida
d A
las P
erua
nas-
Aya
cuch
o)
Sens
ibili
zar a
los p
aíse
s cau
sant
es d
el c
ambi
o cl
imát
ico
del p
lane
ta ti
erra
resp
ecto
a q
ue e
l bie
nest
ar q
ue d
isfr
utan
será
la
desg
raci
a de
qui
enes
no
goza
n de
eso
s niv
eles
de
vida
.
Sabi
ne O
hm (P
rovi
eh-
Vgt
M e
.V.
The
WB
G sh
ould
take
act
ive
part
thro
ugh
the
finan
cing
of p
roje
cts s
elec
ting
only
sust
aina
ble
proj
ects
; by
no m
eans
sh
ould
the
WB
G fi
nanc
e or
hel
p in
dust
rial a
gric
ultu
re p
roje
cts a
nyw
here
in th
e w
orld
.
G y
Srik
anth
a R
eddy
(I
ndiv
idua
l) Pr
omot
ing
and
finan
cing
gre
en te
chno
logi
es lo
ng te
rm e
duct
iona
l, pr
opag
anda
pro
gram
mes
, upd
atin
g in
form
atio
n re
gard
ing
prog
ress
mad
e si
nce
it is
long
term
pro
gram
me
R&
d sh
ould
be
glob
aliz
ed in
tern
tiona
l med
ia sh
ould
be
incl
uded
to sh
ift p
olic
ies a
ll go
vts t
o en
forc
e co
llect
ive
actio
n.
Nov
a Te
ddy
Cha
rissa
(I
ndon
esia
Coo
rdin
ator
M
inis
try to
Eco
nom
ic
Aff
airs
)
WB
G sh
ould
be
the
mai
n do
nor f
or fu
ndin
g al
l the
act
iviti
es th
at re
late
d to
redu
cing
or s
topp
ing
the
effe
ct o
f clim
ate
chan
ge
18
7
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
Satu
rnin
o Ji
men
ez
(Ind
epen
dien
te)
De
may
or li
dera
zgo,
con
una
con
voca
toria
más
am
plia
a to
dos l
os se
ctor
es so
cial
es, p
oliti
cos,
gobi
erno
s, or
gani
zaci
ones
ci
vile
s y so
bret
odo
al se
ctor
edu
cativ
o, si
n m
enos
cavo
de
ingr
esar
con
fuer
za e
n to
dos l
os m
edio
s de
com
unic
ació
n co
mo
form
a de
reed
ucar
a n
uest
ro m
undo
.
Fern
ando
Man
tova
ni
(Vita
lize
Am
bien
tal
Ind.
E C
om. L
tda)
Dud
ley
Ach
u Sa
ma
(Val
das &
Co.
Ltd
.) (a
)CO
NTR
IBU
TE T
O: (
i)STR
ENG
THEN
ING
AN
ALY
TIC
AL
CA
PAB
ILIT
IES
IN D
EVEL
OPI
NG
CO
UN
TRIE
S,
(ii)D
ESIG
N A
ND
IMPL
EMEN
T M
TIG
ATI
ON
& A
DA
PTA
TIO
N F
UN
DS
AN
D IN
SUR
AN
CE-
AG
AIN
ST L
OSS
M
ECH
AN
ISM
S, (i
ii) M
AIN
STR
EAM
CLI
MA
TE C
HA
NG
E IN
MA
CR
OPO
LIC
IES,
(iv)
SHO
W O
PPO
RTU
NIT
IES
FOR
PR
IVA
TE S
ECTO
R IN
VO
LVEM
ENT.
Dal
ia E
ssm
at
(Eng
inee
ring
Task
G
roup
)
The
WB
mus
t put
an
adap
tatio
n an
d m
itiga
tion
agen
da fo
r dev
elop
ing
coun
tries
,sim
ilar t
o th
e ec
onom
ic re
form
age
nda
that
was
off
ered
to m
any
coun
tries
. With
supp
ort t
o th
is a
gend
a
Aha
du S
elas
sie
(SEE
&
DO
USA
Fo
unda
tion)
We
thin
k th
e W
orld
Ban
k sh
ould
est
ablis
h an
d en
cour
age
gras
sroo
ts e
nviro
nmen
tal p
rote
ctio
n pr
ogra
ms i
n th
e de
velo
ping
cou
ntrie
s. W
e fe
el th
e co
mm
uniti
es in
the
mos
t iso
late
d ar
eas o
f the
se c
ount
ries a
re le
ft w
ithou
t muc
h un
ders
tand
ing
of c
limat
e ch
ange
whi
le th
e re
st o
f the
wor
ld is
dea
ling
with
mos
t sop
hist
icat
ed is
sues
of c
limat
e ch
ange
. A
ll de
velo
pmen
t wor
ks sh
ould
be
fund
ed a
nd b
ased
on
in th
e lo
ng te
rm e
nviro
nmen
tal p
rote
ctio
n m
etho
dolo
gies
.
Car
ol T
urle
y (P
lym
outh
Mar
ine
Labo
rabo
ry)
Nea
rly a
ll th
e re
sear
ch o
n im
pact
of c
limat
e ch
ange
has
bee
n ca
rrie
d ou
t in
deve
lope
d na
tions
and
thei
r eco
syst
ems.
The
WP
ould
inve
st in
ass
essi
ng im
pact
on
deve
lopi
ng n
atio
ns a
nd th
e ec
osys
tem
s tha
t sup
port
them
.
2. T
he C
once
pt a
nd Is
sues
Pap
er st
ates
that
bot
h m
itiga
tion
and
adap
tatio
n m
ust b
e in
tegr
ated
into
dev
elop
men
t eff
orts
. Whe
re d
o yo
u se
e th
e ke
y ar
eas o
f foc
us fo
r th
e W
orld
Ban
k G
roup
?
Mel
Eva
ns (P
lan
B)
The
WB
G m
ust f
ocus
on
miti
gatio
n, a
ckno
wle
dgin
g no
rther
n ec
olog
ical
deb
t to
sout
hern
cou
ntrie
s, an
d re
cogn
isin
g th
e im
porta
nce
of th
e In
stitu
tiona
l Inv
esto
rs G
roup
on
Clim
ate
Cha
nge's
reck
onin
g th
at "
Inve
stm
ent d
ecis
ions
take
n no
w
will
hav
e a
maj
or im
pact
on
curr
ent a
nd fu
ture
glo
bal g
reen
hous
e ga
s em
issi
ons a
nd, h
ence
, on
the
wor
ld's
clim
ate.
"
Thus
the
WB
G m
ust n
ot fu
nd h
igh
carb
on e
mitt
ing
proj
ects
, and
mus
t pus
h m
embe
r sta
tes t
o IP
CC
reco
mm
enda
tions
fo
r em
issi
ons r
educ
tions
. Fo
ssil
fuel
pro
ject
s mus
t be
phas
ed o
ut im
med
iate
ly, p
artic
ular
ly c
onsi
derin
g th
e fa
ct th
e 80
%
of fu
el fr
om e
xtra
ctio
n pr
ojec
ts in
dev
elop
ing
coun
tries
sinc
e 19
92 h
as b
een
for n
orth
ern
cons
umpt
ion.
Smita
Nak
hood
a Th
e W
orld
Ban
k sh
ould
em
phas
ize
both
miti
gatio
n an
d ad
apta
tion.
Sig
nific
ant p
rogr
ess o
n m
itiga
tion
is e
ssen
tial t
o av
oid
cata
stro
phic
clim
ate
chan
ge. T
he B
ank
is a
ctiv
e an
d in
fluen
tial i
n de
velo
ping
cou
ntry
sect
ors s
uch
as e
nerg
y th
at
18
8
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
(Wor
ld R
esou
rces
In
stitu
te)
have
a si
gnifi
cant
impa
ct o
n cl
imat
e ch
ange
. The
Wor
ld B
ank
rem
ains
act
ive
and
influ
entia
l in
the
ener
gy se
ctor
in
deve
lopi
ng c
ount
ries,
and
wor
ldw
ide
mor
e th
an 6
0% o
f glo
bal g
reen
hous
e ga
s (G
HG
) em
issi
ons c
ome
from
the
ener
gy
sect
or, w
here
mos
t cou
ntrie
s con
tinue
to d
epen
d on
pol
lutin
g fu
els a
nd in
effic
ient
tech
nolo
gies
. In
mos
t dev
elop
ing
coun
tries
the
need
to su
stai
n ec
onom
ic g
row
th a
nd a
llevi
ate
pove
rty is
incr
easi
ng d
eman
d fo
r ene
rgy,
and
a g
row
ing
shar
e of
GH
Gs o
rigin
ate
in d
evel
opin
g co
untri
es. T
he p
ower
sect
or, t
rans
port
sect
ors,
and
fore
st a
nd a
gric
ultu
re se
ctor
s sh
ould
be
prio
ritie
s for
the
Ban
k fo
r miti
gatio
n. A
t the
sam
e tim
e, w
e ar
e al
read
y co
nfro
ntin
g th
e re
aliti
es o
f dan
gero
us
clim
ate
chan
ge, a
nd a
dapt
atio
n to
clim
ate
chan
ge is
a c
halle
nge
for a
ll co
untri
es th
at b
orro
w fr
om th
e W
orld
Ban
k G
roup
.
Nic
k W
elch
(Roy
al
Dut
ch S
hell
plc)
M
itiga
tion
Milt
on D
evad
osan
(T
he B
ridge
Fo
unda
tion)
The
awar
enes
s be
impa
rted
to c
hild
ren
by m
akin
g it
as p
art o
f the
ir cu
rric
ulum
.
Rya
n Ly
nch
(Mic
ro
Insu
ranc
e A
genc
y)
We
belie
ve th
e W
BG
has
a ro
le in
bot
h m
itiga
tion
and
adap
tatio
n.
John
Cai
n (C
hevr
on
Cor
pora
tion)
B
oth
adap
tatio
n an
d m
itiga
tion
are
impo
rtant
. Th
e C
once
pt a
nd Is
sues
Pap
er a
dequ
atel
y de
scrib
es th
e ne
ed to
hel
p de
velo
ping
cou
ntrie
s ada
pt to
pot
entia
l clim
ate
chan
ge im
pact
s. W
ith re
gard
to m
itiga
tion,
whi
le d
evel
opin
g co
untry
em
issi
ons o
n a
per c
apita
bas
is re
mai
n lo
wer
than
em
issi
ons f
rom
the
deve
lope
d w
orld
, fut
ure
grow
th in
the
deve
lopi
ng
wor
ld w
ill n
eed
to fo
llow
a lo
w-c
arbo
n pa
thw
ay if
inte
rnat
iona
l obj
ectiv
es fo
r sta
biliz
atio
n of
atm
osph
eric
CO
2 co
ncen
tratio
n ar
e to
be
achi
eved
. Th
e W
orld
Ban
k G
roup
is a
lread
y pr
omot
ing
emis
sion
s red
uctio
n an
d re
sour
ce
cons
erva
tion
thro
ugh
its le
ader
ship
role
in th
e G
loba
l Gas
Fla
ring
Red
uctio
n Pa
rtner
ship
, and
shou
ld a
ssur
e th
at th
e m
essa
ging
from
the
WB
G is
con
sist
ent o
n th
e im
porta
nce
of th
is in
itiat
ive.
At t
he sa
me
time,
the
WB
G n
eeds
to
aggr
essi
vely
supp
ort t
he im
plem
enta
tion
of c
ost-e
ffec
tive
ener
gy e
ffic
ienc
y m
easu
res,
such
as t
he u
se o
f Com
bine
d H
eat
& P
ower
(CH
P).
Shei
la P
age
(Ove
rsea
s D
evel
opm
ent I
nstit
ute)
O
n de
velo
pmen
t, su
bjec
t to
all c
onst
rain
ts, o
ne o
f whi
ch is
clim
ate
chan
ge.
Don
't at
tem
pt to
be
a cl
imat
e ch
ange
ag
ency
. B
e a
deve
lopm
ent a
genc
y.
Sibi
ri Je
an Z
OU
ND
I (O
ECD
) R
enfo
rcem
ent d
e la
gou
vern
ance
loca
le (p
ays)
pou
r une
mei
lleur
e pr
ise
en c
ompt
e de
cet
te q
uest
ion
dans
les p
oliti
ques
et
stra
tégi
es d
e dé
velo
ppem
ent -
Cel
a co
ncer
ne à
la fo
is le
pou
voir
plub
lic q
ue la
soci
été
civi
le
Kof
i Ada
de D
ebra
h Th
e Pa
per i
s qui
te c
ompr
ehen
sive
in it
s eff
orts
to a
ddre
ss th
e is
sues
at s
take
. Th
e fo
cus a
reas
shou
ld b
e at
the
18
9
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
(Pla
n G
hana
tra
nspo
rtatio
n in
dust
ry e
spec
ially
land
(use
of a
utom
obile
s) a
s man
y pe
ople
are
invo
lved
her
e. C
ount
ries s
houl
d be
m
ade
to e
nfor
ce p
olic
ies o
f eng
ine
com
bust
ion
effic
ienc
y an
d de
crea
sing
use
of f
ossi
l fue
l ove
r tim
e. T
he "
pollu
ter
mus
t pay
" pr
inci
ple
shou
ld b
e en
forc
ed w
hils
t inc
entiv
es g
iven
to p
eopl
e w
hose
act
iviti
es e
nsur
es c
arbo
n se
ques
tratio
n.
Hig
her e
ffor
ts sh
ould
be
purs
ued
tow
ards
tree
pla
ntin
g w
hile
mea
ning
ful a
ltern
ativ
e liv
elih
oods
des
igne
d fo
r peo
ple
leav
ing
stra
tegi
c fo
rest
are
as li
ke th
e A
maz
on a
nd th
e C
ongo
.
Ahm
adul
Has
san
(CEG
IS)
Dep
endi
ng o
n co
untry
’s v
ulne
rabi
lity
and
need
s, W
BG
shou
ld th
e ac
t acc
ordi
ngly
. For
Ban
glad
esh,
ada
ptat
ion
shou
ld
get m
ore
focu
s.
Rob
ert
Vin
cin
(Vin
cin
Bin
Li E
nviro
nmen
t Te
chno
logy
Co
Ltd
(Chi
na)
Brin
g to
geth
er h
ands
on
expe
rts (n
ot G
8 ty
pe th
eoris
t dire
cted
by
illin
form
ed e
mitt
ing
indu
strie
s). H
ere
in C
hina
we
are
plan
ting
out 2
00,0
00,0
000
(yes
18%
) CO
2 re
duct
ion
C4
halo
phyt
ic d
eser
t rev
ersa
l veg
etat
ion
stop
ping
win
d er
osio
n re
-cr
eatin
g ra
infa
ll an
d tra
inin
g fa
rmer
s sus
tain
able
agr
icul
ture
pre
serv
ing
the
C4
sink
whi
le e
njoy
ing
the
rest
ored
soil
and
soil
carb
on. I
repe
at g
et h
ands
on
peop
le in
key
pos
ts n
ot th
eoris
t out
of u
ni.
Bill
Sm
ith (F
orm
er
Ban
k)
Due
to le
ngth
y co
mm
ents
, ple
ase
refe
r to
the
“ext
ensi
ve c
omm
ents
” at
end
of t
his s
ectio
n.
Mat
thew
Add
ison
(T
etra
Tec
h)
Leon
Kap
pelm
an
Hon
esty
and
scie
ntifi
c ev
iden
ce, n
ot c
onje
ctur
e.
Dia
na F
erna
nda
Mon
tini (
Aso
ciac
ion
Bos
que
NN
M)
El G
BM
se d
eber
a co
ncen
trar e
n in
stau
rar e
n to
dos l
os lí
dere
s gub
erna
men
tale
s, po
lític
os, e
mpr
esar
iale
s,y o
tros,
una
conc
ienc
ia c
lara
de
la g
rave
dad
del p
robl
ema,
par
a es
tabl
ecer
las b
ases
de
un c
amin
o co
mún
a se
guir.
Jorg
e D
anie
l Tai
llant
(C
ente
r for
Hum
an
Rig
hts a
nd
Envi
ronm
ent)
Mam
douh
G. S
alam
eh
(Oil
Mar
ket
Con
sulta
ncy
Serv
ice)
The
key
area
s of f
ocus
for t
he W
orld
Ban
k G
roup
are
enh
ance
men
t of e
nerg
y ef
ficie
ncy,
the
prov
isio
n of
Wor
ld B
ank'
s su
perv
ised
wea
lth-c
reat
ing
proj
ects
to th
e de
velo
ping
cou
ntrie
s aro
und
the
wor
ld, t
he p
rom
otio
n of
bio
fuel
s (w
here
they
do
n't i
mpa
ct o
n fo
od p
rodu
ctio
n an
d pr
ices
) and
sola
r ene
rgy
for h
eatin
g, tr
aini
ng p
rogr
amm
es o
n th
e ra
tiona
lizat
ion
of
ener
gy u
se a
nd h
elp
in b
uild
ing
wat
er d
esal
inat
ion
plan
ts u
sing
sola
r ene
rgy
to c
ount
er th
e ev
er-in
crea
sing
thre
at o
f dr
ough
ts a
nd w
ater
scar
city
as w
ell a
s the
pro
visi
on o
f cle
an w
ater
to re
duce
the
spre
ad o
f dis
ease
s.
Zak
Kul
berg
(I
ndep
ende
nt
Tran
spor
tatio
n ve
hicl
es u
sed
for i
llega
l log
ging
shou
ld b
e se
ized
and
use
d fo
r tra
nspo
rt of
mat
eria
ls fo
r ref
ores
tatio
n,
mar
ine
habi
tat r
econ
stru
ctio
n, a
nd fe
rtiliz
atio
n of
nut
rient
leac
hed
area
s. W
orld
Ban
k sh
ould
cou
nter
the
corr
uptio
n
19
0
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
Res
aerc
her)
fu
ndin
g th
e ill
egal
ope
ratio
ns a
nd su
ppor
t rev
ersi
ng th
e da
mag
e ca
used
by
such
beh
avio
rs.
Save
is Jo
ze S
adeg
hian
(I
FAD
)
Judi
th K
lost
erm
ann
(WU
R-A
lterr
a)
Sim
one
Love
ra
(Sob
revi
venc
ia/F
riend
s of
the
Earth
-Par
agua
y
As t
he o
verw
helm
ing
maj
ority
of W
BG
fina
nce
cons
ists
of l
oans
it c
anno
t pla
y a
role
in a
dapt
atio
n, w
hich
has
to b
e fin
ance
d on
a g
rant
bas
is (b
ased
upo
n ca
rbon
equ
ity a
nd c
limat
e de
bt a
sses
smen
ts).
The
WB
G c
an b
e he
lpfu
l in
stee
ring
coun
tries
to e
mbr
ace
econ
omic
dev
elop
men
t stra
tegi
es th
at ta
ke in
to a
ccou
nt th
e im
pact
s of p
ossi
ble
clim
atic
ext
rem
es.
For e
xam
ple,
a st
rong
em
phas
is o
n la
rge-
scal
e ag
ro-in
dust
rial m
onoc
ultu
res a
s a b
asis
for e
cono
mic
dev
elop
men
t (as
cu
rren
tly p
ropo
sed
in P
arag
uay
and
Bra
zil)
form
s a v
ery
risky
stra
tegy
as c
limat
ic e
xtre
mes
can
hav
e de
vast
atin
g im
pact
s on
such
mon
ocul
ture
s and
thus
on
the
over
all e
cono
my.
Xav
ier L
ecac
heur
(UK
D
FID
D
ue to
the
mag
nitu
de o
f fun
ding
nee
ds (s
ee S
tern
Rev
iew
) and
als
o to
bui
ld o
n op
portu
nitie
s, W
BG
and
esp
ecia
lly IF
C
coul
d em
phas
ize
partn
ersh
ips w
ith th
e pr
ivat
e se
ctor
, esp
. the
fina
ncia
l sec
tor a
nd c
apita
l mar
kets
:
Mar
ía E
mig
dalia
Es
pino
za d
e A
lvar
ado
(Min
iste
rio d
e Ed
ucat
ion)
Para
mi c
once
pto
en la
miti
gaci
ón y
no
en la
ada
ptac
ión
pues
poc
o a
poco
nos
aco
stum
brar
iam
os a
la d
estru
cció
n de
la
tierr
a y
nadi
e lu
char
ía p
or p
rote
ger l
o po
co q
ue n
os q
ueda
.
Eliz
abet
h St
uart
(Oxf
am In
tern
atio
nal)
Due
to le
ngth
y co
mm
ents
, ple
ase
refe
r to
the
“ext
ensi
ve c
omm
ents
” at
end
of t
his s
ectio
n.
Kim
anth
i MU
TUA
(K-
Rep
Ban
k Th
e W
orld
Ban
k gr
oup
shou
ld a
ctiv
ely
fund
and
vet
dev
elop
men
t pro
ject
s to
ensu
re m
itiga
tion
and
adap
tatio
n ar
e pr
imar
y ai
ms.
Sanc
tions
such
as w
ithho
ldin
g fu
nds s
houl
d be
use
d in
col
labo
ratio
n w
ith p
rodu
ct in
cent
ives
to e
ncou
rage
pr
oduc
ts w
ith m
itiga
tion
and/
or a
dapt
atio
n as
thei
r cen
tral c
once
rn. B
oth
miti
gatio
n an
d ad
apta
tion
are
very
impo
rtant
bu
t the
stre
ngth
of e
ach
or p
refe
renc
e of
eac
h w
ill d
efer
cou
ntry
to c
ount
ry. S
ince
Wor
ld B
ank
is w
ell v
erse
d w
ith th
e di
vers
e co
nditi
ons p
reva
iling
in e
ach
econ
omic
and
geo
grap
hica
l reg
iona
l the
y ca
n ad
vers
e w
hich
bet
wee
n m
itiga
tion
and
adap
tatio
n sh
ould
take
pre
emin
ence
in a
par
ticul
ar c
ount
ry.
Yus
uf C
ICEK
(Priv
ate
Sect
or)
Fina
ncin
g, p
olic
y m
akin
g an
d st
anda
rdis
atio
n w
ould
be
the
key
area
s of f
ocus
for t
he B
ank.
Om
ar K
han
(Uni
vers
ity o
f V
erm
ont)
Tech
nica
l ass
ista
nce
with
the
finan
cing
and
dev
elop
men
t asp
ects
of b
oth
thes
e ar
eas
19
1
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
MER
CY
ALM
ON
A-
ISEI
(Nig
eria
n H
ouse
of
Rep
rese
ntat
ives
As a
star
ting
poin
t, I w
ould
like
to se
e a
WB
G th
at w
ill sp
earh
ead
the
crea
tion
of sy
nerg
ies a
mon
g ke
y ag
enci
es in
de
velo
ping
cou
ntrie
s and
dra
w st
rate
gies
for t
hem
to im
plem
ent.
In m
any
deve
lopi
ng c
ount
ries,
man
y go
vern
men
t ag
enci
es c
arry
out
resp
ectiv
e fu
nctio
ns th
at if
har
mon
ised
will
solv
e m
ulti-
sect
oral
pro
blem
s. In
doi
ng th
is, t
he W
BG
sh
ould
dra
w u
p a
blue
prin
t of a
ctio
n th
at w
ill sh
ow th
e re
latio
nshi
p be
twee
n di
seas
e co
ntro
l, go
od h
ygie
ne (h
ealth
), ru
ral
expl
oita
tion
of so
lar a
nd w
ind
ener
gy to
spur
mic
ro-e
cono
mic
act
ivity
(ene
rgy
and
finan
ce),
crea
ting
awar
enes
s of
clim
ate
chan
ge a
nd it
s con
sequ
ence
s (so
cial
orie
ntat
ion)
, and
clim
ate-
sens
itive
sect
ors (
agric
ultu
re a
nd fi
sher
ies)
. The
bl
uepr
int w
ill in
clud
e th
e re
sult
of a
n ex
tens
ive
anal
ysis
of t
he re
quire
d fin
anci
al, l
egal
and
inst
itutio
nal s
truct
ures
to
brin
g so
und
and
sust
aina
ble
rem
edia
tion
(miti
gatio
n) m
odel
s.
Emm
anue
l Odj
am-
Aku
amte
y (E
colo
gica
l R
esto
ratio
n)
PRO
VID
ING
FIN
AN
CE
AN
D C
APA
CIT
Y B
UIL
DIN
G
Teki
sura
yya
Nat
iona
l In
stitu
te o
f Fin
anci
al
Man
agem
ent)
Miti
gaci
ón. D
ism
inui
r em
isió
n de
con
tam
inan
tes,
y ni
vel d
e co
nsum
o de
satis
fact
ores
sunt
uoso
s y n
o bá
sico
s. A
dapt
ació
n. E
xpos
ició
n de
indi
vidu
os a
cam
bios
fuer
tes d
e cl
ima,
y m
edir
daño
s y p
roba
r sol
ucio
nes t
he e
mph
asis
on
carb
on fi
nanc
ing
and
mar
ketin
g sh
ould
be
look
ed h
olis
tical
ly. m
etho
ds o
f fin
anci
ng a
nd in
vest
ing
shou
ld b
e ev
olve
d. th
e po
lluto
r sho
uld
inva
riabl
y pa
y th
e co
mpe
nsat
ion
for t
he d
amag
e le
t it b
e an
y m
ajor
eco
nom
y na
tion.
Tani
m L
aila
(Ins
titut
e of
Moh
amm
ad)
Prim
ary
area
of f
ocus
is a
dvoc
acy
to p
riorit
ize
clim
ate
chan
ge a
s a c
ross
-cut
ting
agen
da fo
r soc
io-e
cono
mic
de
velo
pmen
t. T
he W
BG
nee
ds to
inte
grat
e cl
imat
cha
nge
conc
erns
and
impa
ct a
s the
prim
ary
man
date
for f
und
and
loan
gen
erat
ion
and
disb
urse
men
t. T
hus e
mph
asis
shou
ld b
e on
;
Vic
tor R
aul A
roca
O
spin
a (F
unda
cion
Pr
osur
gir)
Cre
o fir
mem
ente
que
deb
e se
r la
esfe
ra d
e la
ada
ptac
ión,
muc
has o
tras o
ficin
as y
est
amen
tos e
stán
ana
lizan
do la
par
te d
e la
s pol
itica
s de
miti
gaci
ón, p
ero
la e
sfer
a de
la a
dapt
ació
n es
mas
impo
rtant
e, p
ues s
abem
os q
ue e
l cam
bio
clim
átic
o no
es
un
fenó
men
o qu
e se
pue
da h
acer
retro
cede
r, ig
ualm
ente
el d
año
ya e
sta
hech
o, e
s nec
esar
io a
bord
ar e
l tem
a de
la
adap
tabi
lidad
a la
s nue
vas c
ondi
cion
es a
mbi
enta
les p
ara
los p
róxi
mos
dec
enio
s, ve
r com
o se
ada
ptan
los m
odel
os
econ
omic
os a
ctua
les ,
que
riñe
n co
n la
s ini
ciat
ivas
de
miti
gaci
ón, d
efin
ir cu
ales
son
los n
uevo
s par
ámet
ros d
e de
sarr
ollo
pa
ra la
s com
unid
ades
hum
anas
en
los p
roxi
mos
año
s, ya
que
las e
cono
mia
s em
erge
ntes
est
an b
usca
ndo
llega
r a
econ
omía
s de
mer
cado
y se
rán
las r
espo
nsab
les d
el a
cele
ram
ient
o en
el p
roce
so d
e ca
lent
amie
nto
glob
al, e
s por
eso
, qu
e de
sde
el G
BM
se d
eben
def
inir
linea
mie
ntos
cla
ros a
futu
ro so
bre
lo q
ue e
s des
arro
llo e
conó
mic
o a
esca
la m
undi
al y
cu
idad
o de
l ent
orno
med
ioam
bien
tal.
Luis
Riv
era
(IN
CA
E B
usin
ess S
choo
l) M
itiga
tion
and
adap
tatio
n ar
e ke
y is
sues
for d
evel
opin
g co
untri
es. T
here
is a
nee
d to
enh
ance
ex-
ante
ada
ptat
ion
polic
ies
(inve
stm
ents
with
hig
h so
cial
and
env
ironm
enta
l ret
urns
) ver
sus r
econ
stru
ctio
n an
d em
erge
ncy
resp
onse
(ex-
post
) ef
forts
.
Mar
y A
nn R
ing
(Gen
eral
Ele
ctric
[n
o co
mm
ents
]
19
2
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
Com
pany
) To
m C
orse
llis
(She
lter C
entre
) D
evel
opm
enta
l miti
gatio
n an
d ad
apta
tion
shou
ld b
e ba
sed
upon
the
phys
ical
miti
gatio
n an
d ad
apta
tion
of th
e bu
ilt
envi
ronm
ent,
at b
oth
com
mun
ity a
nd fa
mily
leve
ls, m
akin
g th
e be
st u
se o
f the
opp
ortu
nitie
s off
ered
by
hum
anita
rian
inte
rven
tion.
The
phy
sica
l miti
gatio
n an
d ad
apta
tion
of th
e bu
ilt e
nviro
nmen
t(rel
ocat
e/re
trofit
/repa
ir/re
build
)in o
rder
to
build
bac
k sa
fer r
equi
res c
oord
inat
ion
with
hum
anita
rian
trans
ition
al se
ttlem
ent a
nd re
cons
truct
ion
in o
rder
to a
chie
ve
the
hand
over
of c
asel
oads
. Pre
pare
dnes
s in
phys
ical
miti
gatio
n an
d ad
apta
tion
of th
e bu
ilt e
nviro
nmen
t sho
uld
incl
ude
cont
inge
ncy
plan
ning
in c
oope
ratio
n w
ith g
over
nmen
tal a
nd h
uman
itaria
n pa
rtner
s. Th
is a
ppro
ach
is su
mm
aris
ed in
the
guid
elei
ns d
evel
oped
by
Shel
ter C
entre
at U
N/O
CH
A, t
he F
ield
Edi
tion
of w
hich
may
be
dow
nloa
ded
from
ht
tp://
ww
w.sh
elte
rcen
tre.o
rg/s
helte
rlibr
ary/
publ
icat
ions
/584
.htm
Mal
colm
Har
per
(Ind
epen
dent
) B
oth
Tom
Sha
rman
(A
ctio
nAid
Fi
rst o
f all
the
Wor
ld B
ank
shou
ld p
ut it
s ow
n ho
use
in o
rder
and
set o
ut h
ow it
will
pha
se o
ut it
s sup
port
for f
ossi
l fue
l pr
ojec
ts a
nd p
rogr
amm
es. T
he B
ank
cann
ot b
e pa
rt of
the
solu
tion
whi
le it
sim
ulta
neou
sly
cont
inue
s to
be p
art o
f the
pr
oble
m.
Jose
Lui
s Sor
ia
Sanc
hez
(ass
ocia
cao
civi
l de
natu
reza
be
nefic
ente
)
Para
miti
gar l
os e
fect
os o
casi
onad
os p
or la
s ele
vaci
ones
das
tem
pera
tura
s em
favo
r de
las p
erso
nas,
de u
n m
odo
gene
ral,
impo
nese
la c
onst
rucc
ión
de c
asas
o a
parta
men
tos c
limat
icam
ente
pro
tegi
dos,
con
lo q
ual e
l Ban
co e
star
á co
ntrib
uind
o co
n la
dis
min
ució
n de
l CO
2, p
or c
uant
o lo
s equ
ipam
ento
s de
refr
iger
ació
n tra
baja
rão
50%
a m
enos
, dis
min
uyen
do e
l co
nsum
o de
ene
rgia
, con
la c
onsi
guie
nte
redu
cció
n en
las e
mis
ione
s de
CO
2 po
r tal
es e
quip
amen
tos.
Moh
amm
ad Z
aman
(F
reel
ance
Con
sulta
nt)
Miti
gatio
ns a
nd a
dapt
atio
n ar
e ke
y; a
hol
istic
app
roac
h is
nec
essa
ry, b
ecau
se o
f the
risk
s and
vul
nera
bilit
y w
ith re
gadr
s to
floo
ding
, ris
e of
sea
leve
l, dr
ough
t, cr
op lo
sses
, foo
d in
secu
rity,
impa
ct o
n fis
hery
, for
estry
, hea
lth a
nd w
ell-b
eing
, ru
ral-u
rban
and
cro
ss b
orde
r pop
ulat
ion
mig
ratio
n - t
he so
calle
d cl
imat
e re
fuge
es -
cont
ribut
ing
to fu
rther
eth
nic
and
regi
onal
con
flict
s.
Car
los A
gene
si
(Int
erre
ligio
us C
ounc
il of
Mex
ico)
Staf
ford
“D
oc”
W
illia
mso
n (D
aoC
hi
Ener
gy o
f Ariz
ona)
May
Jeon
g (W
orld
B
ank
You
th
Ada
ptat
ion
may
be
mor
e su
itabl
e w
ith th
e de
velo
pmen
t-foc
us th
at th
e B
ank
hold
s.
19
3
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
Dev
elop
men
t & P
eace
N
etw
ork)
C
ecili
a Em
bree
(C
oolC
limat
e LL
C)
The
Wor
ld B
ank
did
a gr
eat j
ob o
f cat
alyz
ing
the
carb
on m
arke
t. H
owev
er, n
ow it
shou
ld g
et o
ut o
f the
car
bon
mar
ket.
The
carb
on m
arke
t can
get
alo
ng w
ithou
t the
Wor
ld B
ank.
The
IFC
shol
d co
ntin
ue to
dev
elop
fina
ncia
l pro
duct
s to
assi
st
the
priv
ate
sect
or in
em
ergi
ng m
arke
ts to
take
mor
e ad
vant
age
of th
e ca
rbon
mar
ket.
sid
boub
ekeu
r (C
ente
r fo
r the
Dev
elop
men
t of
Ent
erpr
ise)
Dia
logu
e ca
mpa
ign
and
sem
inar
s with
the
lead
ers o
f the
indu
stry
sect
or, t
he p
rofe
ssio
nal a
ssoc
iatio
ns. E
ncou
ragi
ng
coun
tries
whi
ch d
evel
op a
nd im
plem
ent p
rogr
amm
es a
nd p
roje
ct re
late
d of
ene
rgy
effic
ienc
y an
d en
viro
nmen
t pr
otec
tion.
Fred
e B
oste
en (D
STC
) R
.E. e
spec
ially
sola
r ene
rgy
shou
ld b
e in
tegr
eate
d in
to H
ealth
, Edu
catio
n, ru
ral D
evel
opm
ent,
Agr
icul
tura
l, an
d Tr
ansp
ort s
ecto
r pro
gram
mes
.
Ger
ald
Wes
t (G
eorg
etow
n U
nive
ssity
)
The
priv
ate
sect
or h
as a
key
role
to p
lay
in d
iffus
ing
and
utili
zing
key
clim
ate-
rela
ted
tech
nolo
gies
that
can
miti
gate
the
impa
cts o
f clim
ate
chan
ge.
Hen
ce, t
here
shou
ld b
e a
lead
ersh
ip ro
le th
at c
ould
be
assu
med
by
IFC
and
MIG
A.
Ray
Hol
land
(GTZ
/EU
Pr
ojec
t) I t
hink
the
mos
t im
porta
nt st
atem
ent i
n th
e pa
per w
as u
nder
par
a 26
: Clim
ate
risk
man
agem
ent i
s fun
dam
enta
l for
pr
eser
ving
and
enh
anci
ng d
evel
opm
ent p
rogr
ess i
n m
any
deve
lopi
ng c
ount
ries—
even
with
the
curr
ent c
limat
e va
riabi
lity
and
disa
ster
man
agem
ent n
eeds
, and
mor
e so
with
on-
goin
g cl
imat
e ch
ange
. In
oth
er w
ords
try
to im
prov
e th
e ex
istin
g pl
anni
ng fo
r vul
nera
bilit
y re
duct
ion
- e.g
. cop
ing
with
rain
fall
varia
bilit
y in
rain
-fed
agr
icul
ture
- th
e ch
ange
s due
to c
limat
e ca
n th
en b
e ad
apte
d to
, as t
hey
are
long
term
cha
nges
to th
e av
erag
e.
Kei
th O
pens
haw
(R
etire
d)
Prom
otin
g en
ergy
eff
icie
ncy
is a
key
miti
gatio
n m
easu
re, b
ut th
is sh
ould
not
be
conf
ined
to 'h
igh
tech
' sol
utio
ns.
Staf
ford
Will
iam
son
(Will
iam
son
Info
rmat
ion
Tech
nolo
gies
Cor
p.)
Alth
ough
par
agra
ph 7
6 ad
mits
that
"m
itiga
tion"
and
"ad
apta
tion"
hav
e ye
t to
be d
efin
ed, I
wou
ld c
onsi
der "
miti
gatio
n"
to st
and
for f
lood
con
trol t
o m
eet a
nnua
l dis
aste
r avo
idan
ce le
vels
on
the
near
term
and
the
cent
ury
flood
leve
ls in
the
med
ium
term
, whi
le in
the
GH
G a
rea,
miti
gatio
n m
eans
tren
ding
aw
ay fr
om th
e "b
urni
ng"
of fo
ssil
carb
ons,
tow
ard
ener
gy c
ycle
s bas
ed o
n re
circ
ulat
ion
of li
ve g
row
th c
arbo
n co
nten
t. "A
dapt
atio
n" o
n th
e ot
her h
and
coul
d (s
houl
d) m
ean
refo
cusi
ng o
f hum
an a
ctiv
ities
and
pur
suits
to d
rast
ical
ly re
duce
dem
and
for n
ot o
nly
foss
il ca
rbon
fuel
s, bu
t for
ene
rgy
dem
ands
in g
ener
al, w
hich
may
als
o m
ean
adap
tive
rest
ruct
urin
g of
infr
astru
ctur
e an
d re
sour
ce sp
endi
ng.
Arle
en S
eed
W
e co
uld
help
to se
t up
recy
clin
g ce
nter
s for
obs
olet
e eq
uipm
ent.
Thi
s wou
ld a
) hel
p m
itiga
te th
e ef
fect
s of t
he
purc
hase
and
man
ufac
ture
of l
arge
am
ount
s of e
quip
men
t; b)
pot
entia
lly sa
ve a
nd re
use
heav
y m
etal
s, pr
even
ting
them
fr
om h
arm
ing
the
envi
ronm
ent;
c) p
rovi
de in
com
e fo
r wor
kers
in th
e re
cycl
ing
indu
stry
; d) p
rovi
de a
n en
viro
nmen
t for
th
e PP
P m
odel
to fl
ouris
h si
nce
the
gove
rnm
ents
are
hug
e co
nsum
ers o
f ele
ctro
nics
; e) e
nabl
e ca
paci
ty d
evel
opm
ent i
n
19
4
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
the
crea
tion
of th
e 're
cycl
ing'
indu
stry
, and
so o
n.
Ado
lfo B
erch
eñi
(Con
tinen
tal N
EA)
En A
rgen
tina
y en
la re
gion
NEA
se d
beria
apl
icar
fuer
tes m
edid
as d
e m
itiga
cion
. Prin
cipa
les e
sfer
as:In
tegr
ar la
s m
edid
as d
e m
itiga
cion
y d
e de
sarr
ollo
; Con
solid
ar p
rogr
amas
par
a m
ovili
zar y
sum
inis
trar f
inan
ciam
ient
o; D
esar
rolla
r e
impu
lsar
tecn
olog
ias.-
Susa
nna
Nils
son
(Sid
a)
see
no 6
Sidd
appa
Bag
alko
ti (K
arna
tak
Uni
vers
ity,
Dha
rwad
)
Aff
ores
tatio
n, re
habi
litat
ion
of th
e af
fect
ed g
roup
s and
supp
ort f
or e
volv
ing
clea
ner t
echn
olog
ies
Leon
Kap
pelm
an
(Uvi
v of
Tex
as
Miti
gatio
n of
pol
lutio
n of
air,
wat
er, a
nd so
il.
Pier
re-O
livie
r Pin
eau
(HEC
Mon
treal
) I s
ee th
ree
key
area
s of f
ocus
:
Ram
esha
Cha
ndra
ppa
(Kar
anat
aka
Stat
e Po
llutio
n C
ontro
l B
oard
, Ind
ia)
Wor
ld b
ank
shou
ld sh
ort l
ist a
ctiv
ities
whi
ch c
an m
itiga
te c
arbo
n em
issi
on a
nd su
ppor
t onl
y th
ose
proj
ect.
Oth
erw
ise
cons
ulta
nts m
ay m
isle
ad W
orld
ban
k.
Rav
indr
a K
olha
pure
(R
SR G
loba
l Vis
ion)
O
vera
ll it
shou
ld h
ave
focu
s on
both
the
issu
es.
Ang
elin
e C
ione
(Our
Ta
sk)
An
esse
ntia
l are
a of
focu
s for
the
Wor
ld B
ank
Gro
up w
ill b
e de
velo
pmen
t of e
nerg
y pr
ojec
ts th
at d
on’t
leav
e co
untri
es
depe
nden
t on
carb
on-e
mitt
ing
indu
strie
s.
Serc
il To
kogl
u (D
evel
opm
ent B
ank
of
Turk
ey)
The
key
area
s of f
ocus
for W
orld
Ban
k G
roup
are
to c
ombi
ne m
itiga
tion
and
adap
tatio
n . A
s an
inte
rnat
iona
l de
velo
pmen
t org
aniz
atio
n th
e W
orld
Ban
k G
roup
shou
ld ta
ke p
reca
utio
ns to
the
coun
tries
whi
ch d
o no
t com
ply
emis
sion
redu
ctio
ns a
nd d
o no
t ini
tiate
to u
se lo
w c
arbo
n te
chno
logi
es in
a ra
nge
of se
ctor
s. Th
e W
orld
Ban
k sh
ould
al
so g
et th
eir s
uppo
rt of
oth
er in
tern
atio
nal d
evel
opm
ent o
rgan
izat
ions
to ta
ke in
tern
atio
nal a
ctio
n ag
ains
t cou
ntrie
s w
hich
do
not c
ompl
y em
mis
ion
redu
ctio
ns.
Alb
ert I
lem
obad
e (U
plin
e R
esou
rces
Fo
unda
tion)
Prov
idin
g te
chni
cal a
nd fi
nanc
ial r
esou
rces
for i
mpl
emen
ting
the
stra
tegy
thro
ugh
appr
opria
te a
genc
ies,
e.g.
Foo
d &
A
gric
ultu
re O
rgan
izat
ion
and
Wor
ld F
ood
Prog
ram
Wilh
elm
Nor
bert
Miti
gatio
n is
pos
sibl
e in
re-f
ores
tatio
n fo
r exa
mpl
e an
d in
gen
eral
in p
rom
otin
g tre
e pl
anta
tion
for l
ivel
yhoo
d an
d sl
ope
19
5
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
(Gro
ntm
i_B
GS
Con
sulta
nts)
st
abili
zatio
n(fo
r whi
ch w
e ha
d in
itiat
ed a
pilo
t app
licat
ion
in P
akis
tan,
NW
FP)
Gör
an E
k (S
wed
ish
Soci
ety
for N
atur
e C
onse
rvat
ion)
An
aggr
essi
ve c
omm
itmen
t to
redu
ce e
mis
sion
s, un
der t
he U
N F
ram
ewor
k C
onve
ntio
n on
Clim
ate
Cha
nge,
shou
ld
guid
e th
e se
lect
ion
of in
vest
men
ts b
y th
e W
orld
Ban
k an
d bi
late
ral d
evel
opm
ent a
genc
ies,
incl
udin
g an
elim
inat
ion
of
subs
idie
s for
foss
il fu
els
areg
e D
ougl
as (K
enya
Y
oung
Gre
en
Gre
ens/
Glo
bal Y
outh
G
reen
s)
Nik
hil D
esai
(Wor
ld
Ban
k)
See
abov
e. T
he h
uge
pote
ntia
l of "
co-b
enef
its"
from
redu
ctio
n of
non
-CO
2 G
HG
s is u
tterly
neg
lect
ed. T
he a
nti-C
O2
hyst
eria
nee
ds to
be
cure
d. T
o qu
ote
Kirk
Sm
ith (p
ublic
hea
lth, U
C-B
erke
ley)
, "If
one
is g
oing
to p
ut c
arbo
n in
the
atm
osph
ere
anyw
ay, C
O2
is th
e le
ast h
arm
ful o
f all
from
clim
ate
pers
pect
ive.
" Th
is fi
ndin
g ha
s pro
foun
d im
plic
atio
ns.
Non
-CO
2 gr
eenh
ouse
gas
es a
re la
rgel
y ig
nore
d by
Kyo
to P
roto
col (
exce
pt fo
r met
hane
). O
n th
e ot
her h
and,
thes
e ar
e pr
ecis
ely
the
spec
ies w
ith h
igh
war
min
g po
tent
ial (
colle
ctiv
ely,
as m
uch
as th
at b
y C
O2)
as w
ell a
s muc
h gr
eate
r sho
rt-te
rm re
duct
ion
pote
ntia
l, w
ith tr
emen
dous
hea
lth b
enef
its fo
r the
poo
r, in
rura
l as w
ell a
s urb
an a
reas
.
Cés
ar S
ilvio
Gra
nado
s R
afae
l (U
nivf
ersi
dad
Ala
s Per
uana
s-A
yacu
cho)
Estim
o qu
e el
Ban
co d
ebe
conc
entra
rse
en la
con
cepc
ión
de p
olíti
cas g
loba
lizad
as re
ferid
as a
l apo
yo a
los e
sfue
rzos
de
desa
rrol
lo q
ue re
aliz
an lo
s pai
ses e
mer
gent
es, p
ara
que
no se
an re
verti
das e
stas
tend
enci
as q
ue a
grav
aría
n la
situ
ació
n de
po
brez
a de
los p
uebl
os.
Sabi
ne O
hm (P
rovi
eh-
Vgt
M e
.V.
Agr
icul
ture
is th
e ke
y ar
ea fo
r bot
h. S
uppo
rt fo
r sus
tain
able
, sm
all s
cale
farm
ing
shou
ld b
e th
e to
p pr
iorit
y of
the
WB
G.
G y
Srik
anth
a R
eddy
(I
ndiv
idua
l) W
BG
shou
ld F
ocus
on
actu
al im
plim
enta
tion
& p
rogr
ess m
ade
on b
oth
the
effo
rts.
Nov
a Te
ddy
Cha
rissa
(I
ndon
esia
Coo
rdin
ator
M
inis
try to
Eco
nom
ic
Aff
airs
)
I see
the
WB
G c
an a
ct a
s the
mai
n do
nor t
o su
ppor
t the
miti
gatio
n an
d ad
apta
tion.
Satu
rnin
o Ji
men
ez
(Ind
epen
dien
te)
Educ
ació
n: n
ivel
bás
ico;
par
a fo
rmar
a lo
s nue
vos l
íder
es q
ue se
rán
quie
nes t
omen
dec
isio
nes e
n el
cor
to p
lazo
. O
rgan
izac
ione
s soc
iale
s; c
omun
idad
es ru
rale
s en
desa
rrol
lo p
leno
que
est
án si
endo
abr
azad
as p
or la
s zon
as u
rban
as.
19
6
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
Fern
ando
Man
tova
ni
(Vita
lize
Am
bien
tal
Ind.
E C
om. L
tda)
Dud
ley
Ach
u Sa
ma
(Val
das &
Co.
Ltd
.) FO
R A
FRIC
A R
EGIO
N, T
HE
KEY
AR
EAS
OF
FOC
US
WO
ULD
BE:
WA
TER
RES
OU
RC
ES, E
NER
GY
, A
GR
ICU
LTU
RE
AN
D R
UR
AL
DEV
ELO
PMEN
T. H
EALT
H
Dal
ia E
ssm
at
(Eng
inee
ring
Task
G
roup
)
WB
shou
ld ta
rget
The
mai
n so
urce
s of g
loba
l wor
min
g w
hich
hav
e th
e hi
ghes
t GH
G e
mis
sion
s due
to h
uge
co
mbu
stio
n of
foss
il fu
el a
re
Aha
du S
elas
sie
(SEE
&
DO
USA
Fo
unda
tion)
As w
e un
ders
tand
, clim
ate
chan
ge c
once
rn is
not
equ
ally
acc
epte
d, u
nder
stoo
d an
d ad
dres
sed
arou
nd th
e w
orld
eve
n th
ough
it is
a g
loba
l iss
ue. T
he k
ey a
rea
for t
he W
orld
Ban
k G
roup
shou
ld b
e cl
osin
g th
e ga
p be
twee
n th
e le
ast
deve
lope
d an
d de
velo
ped
coun
tries
rega
rdin
g to
clim
ate
chan
ge. H
ow w
e do
this
, pro
vidi
ng re
sour
ces f
or th
ose
who
are
is
olat
ed fr
om th
e gl
obal
com
mun
icat
ion.
We
shou
ld a
lloca
te fu
nds f
or th
e gr
assr
oots
pro
gram
s whi
ch im
plem
ents
en
viro
nmen
tal p
rote
ctio
n ba
sed
deve
lopm
ent p
roje
cts i
n th
e de
velo
ping
cou
ntrie
s. Th
at si
mpl
e an
d ve
ry e
ffec
tive
and
wor
king
age
nda.
Car
ol T
urle
y (P
lym
outh
Mar
ine
Labo
rabo
ry)
Con
side
ring
that
the
maj
or p
rote
in so
urce
for m
ay d
evel
opin
g na
tions
are
fish
then
you
real
ly n
eed
to m
ake
sure
that
you
do
n't l
eave
out
the
ocea
ns a
nd th
eir e
cosy
stem
s - w
hich
pro
vide
thes
e se
rvic
es to
man
kind
. Als
o no
te th
at o
cean
ac
idifi
catio
n is
a d
irect
resu
lt of
hig
her a
tmos
peric
CO
2 em
issi
ons a
nd th
at a
dapt
atio
n w
on't
help
- it
mus
t be
miti
gatio
n
3. W
hat r
ole
can
the
Wor
ld B
ank
Gro
up p
lay
to a
ccel
erat
e th
e de
velo
pmen
t and
dep
loym
ent a
t sca
le o
f clim
ate
frie
ndly
tech
nolo
gies
for
ener
gy, t
rans
port
, agr
icul
ture
and
oth
er se
ctor
s in
deve
lopi
ng c
ount
ries
?
Mel
Eva
ns (P
lan
B)
The
WB
G m
ust c
onsi
der t
he e
xist
ing
rese
arch
and
reco
mm
enda
tions
of i
nter
natio
nal N
GO
s reg
ardi
ng a
ppro
pria
te
tech
nolo
gy a
nd sc
ale,
the
idea
s of c
ontra
ctio
n an
d co
nver
genc
e be
ing
parti
cula
rly si
gnifi
cant
her
e. T
he W
BG
mus
t fa
cilit
ate
a te
chno
logi
cal l
eapf
rog
of th
e in
dust
rialis
atio
n pa
ttern
s of t
he g
loba
l nor
th in
dev
elop
ing
coun
tries
, sup
porti
ng
tech
nolo
gies
whi
ch a
re n
ot re
liant
or b
ased
on
foss
il fu
els.
Smita
Nak
hood
a (W
orld
Res
ourc
es
Inst
itute
)
The
risin
g co
sts o
f con
vent
iona
l fos
sil f
uels
such
as o
il, a
nd g
row
ing
conc
erns
abo
ut e
nerg
y se
curit
y, to
geth
er w
ith
grow
ing
awar
enes
s of t
he re
aliti
es o
f clim
ate
chan
ge a
re sp
arki
ng n
ew in
tere
st in
alte
rnat
ive
optio
ns fo
r mee
ting
ener
gy
need
s in
all c
ount
ries.
Ther
e ar
e si
gnifi
cant
opp
ortu
nitie
s to
impr
ove
ener
gy e
ffic
ienc
y, a
nd to
incr
ease
the
depl
oym
ent
of c
lean
and
rene
wab
le e
nerg
y te
chno
logi
es. T
he re
aliti
es o
f clim
ate
chan
ge d
eman
d fu
ndam
enta
l tra
nsfo
rmat
ions
in
how
all
coun
tries
pro
duce
and
use
ene
rgy.
The
Wor
ld B
ank
is w
ell p
lace
d to
info
rm a
nd su
ppor
t the
des
ign
of n
ew
polic
y an
d re
gula
tory
fram
ewor
ks th
at w
ill su
ppor
t the
dep
loym
ent o
f cle
an e
nerg
y te
chno
logi
es
Nic
k W
elch
(Roy
al
See
answ
ers t
o Q
1 an
d Q
2
19
7
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
Dut
ch S
hell
plc)
Milt
on D
evad
osan
(T
he B
ridge
Fo
unda
tion)
Faci
liatin
g ro
le b
y pr
ovid
ing
tech
nolo
gy, s
trate
gy a
nd g
uida
nce.
It h
as a
lso
to p
rovi
de fi
nanc
ial i
ncen
tives
Rya
n Ly
nch
(Mic
ro
Insu
ranc
e A
genc
y)
The
WB
G’s
abi
lity
to st
ay o
rgan
izat
ion
agno
stic
pro
vide
s it p
heno
men
al o
ppor
tuni
ties t
o le
ad th
e ac
cele
ratio
n an
d de
ploy
men
t of n
ew te
chno
logi
es a
nd p
roce
sses
. Th
e W
BG
’s ro
le sh
ould
incl
ude
iden
tifyi
ng, c
atal
ogin
g, a
nd
diss
emin
atin
g th
ese
“bes
t pra
ctic
e” te
chno
logi
es a
nd p
roce
sses
acr
oss t
he g
lobe
.
John
Cai
n (C
hevr
on
Cor
pora
tion)
Th
e W
BG
mus
t rec
ogni
ze th
at re
liabl
e, a
ffor
dabl
e en
ergy
supp
lies a
re c
ruci
al to
the
deve
lopm
ent o
f stro
ng e
cono
mie
s, su
stai
ned
impr
ovem
ents
in th
e qu
ality
of l
ife a
nd th
e er
adic
atio
n of
pov
erty
. Ev
en w
ith a
ccel
erat
ed d
evel
opm
ent o
f low
- an
d no
-car
bon
ener
gy so
urce
s, fo
ssil
fuel
s will
con
tinue
to p
rovi
de m
ost o
f the
wor
ld’s
ene
rgy
need
s for
dec
ades
to
com
e. S
o fu
ture
eff
orts
mus
t be
twof
old:
adv
ance
the
deve
lopm
ent o
f non
-car
bon
alte
rnat
ives
and
dev
elop
way
s to
redu
ce e
mis
sion
s fro
m fo
ssil
fuel
s.
Shei
la P
age
(Ove
rsea
s D
evel
opm
ent I
nstit
ute)
So
me
on te
chno
logy
tran
sfer
; not
cle
ar th
at it
has
a re
sear
ch c
apac
ity in
this
are
a.
Sibi
ri Je
an Z
OU
ND
I (O
ECD
) Il
ne s'
agit
pas s
impl
emen
t de
"dép
loie
men
t", l
a B
anqu
e do
it ég
alem
ent s
oute
nir l
es e
ffor
ts d
e cr
éatio
n te
chno
logi
que
au
nive
au lo
cal:
Con
tribu
tion
à l'i
dent
ifica
tion
de se
cteu
rs p
orte
urs,
renf
orce
men
t des
cap
acité
s de
rech
erch
e, fi
nanc
emen
t du
rabl
e de
pro
gram
mes
prio
ritai
res
Kof
i Ada
de D
ebra
h (P
lan
Gha
na
In th
e de
velo
pmen
t of a
id p
acka
ges,t
hese
shou
ld b
e in
tegr
al p
art o
f it.
The
y sh
ould
ens
ure
that
app
licat
ions
for
loan
s/gr
ants
shou
ld sh
ow c
lear
ly h
ow g
reen
hou
se g
as p
robl
ems a
re g
oing
to b
e m
itiga
ted
in th
at se
nse.
In
the
area
of
agric
ultu
re, t
here
shou
ld b
e se
rious
cam
paig
n ab
out t
he u
se a
nd re
cycl
ing
of o
rgan
ic m
atte
r ins
tead
of p
eopl
e bu
rnin
g th
em o
ff a
s was
te.
Bio
gas u
se sh
ould
be
prom
oted
in c
omm
uniti
es fo
r the
m to
min
imis
e th
e us
e of
fire
woo
d w
hich
is a
su
re so
urce
of r
educ
tion
in c
arbo
n se
ques
tratio
n. A
ltern
ativ
e so
urce
of e
nerg
y sh
ould
be
soug
ht to
com
plem
ent t
he u
se
of fo
ssil
fuel
s.
Ahm
adul
Has
san
(CEG
IS)
WB
G sh
ould
acc
eler
ate
the
deve
lopm
ent a
nd d
eplo
ymen
t of t
echn
olog
y fr
om d
evel
oped
cou
ntry
to d
evel
opin
g co
untri
es
in d
iffer
ent s
ecto
r. A
nd a
lso
help
the
deve
lopi
ng c
ount
ries i
n as
sess
ing
the
need
s and
the
prio
ritie
s in
the
deve
lopm
ent
and
depl
oym
ent o
f the
tech
nolo
gy w
ith m
ore
cost
-eff
ectiv
enes
s.
Rob
ert
Vin
cin
(Vin
cin
Bin
Li E
nviro
nmen
t Te
chno
logy
Co
Ltd
Com
e vi
sits
the
Min
iste
r/s a
nd g
et y
our h
ands
dirt
y re
vers
ing
dese
rts
19
8
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
(Chi
na)
Bill
Sm
ith (F
orm
er
Ban
k)
Due
to le
ngth
y co
mm
ents
, ple
ase
refe
r to
the
“ext
ensi
ve c
omm
ents
” at
end
of t
his s
ectio
n.
Mat
thew
Add
ison
(T
etra
Tec
h)
Leon
Kap
pelm
an
The
entir
e bi
as o
f the
se q
uest
ions
sugg
ests
you
r min
ds a
re a
lread
y m
ade
up.
This
is a
sad
test
imon
y to
you
r ins
titut
iona
l la
ck o
f obj
ectiv
ity a
nd in
telle
ctua
l hon
esty
.
Dia
na F
erna
nda
Mon
tini (
Aso
ciac
ion
Bos
que
NN
M)
Cre
emos
que
una
pos
ibili
dad
de m
otor
izar
acc
ione
s en
tal s
entid
o se
ria c
onvo
car c
onju
ntam
ente
a g
obie
rno
con
ON
Gs,
univ
ersi
dade
s, en
tidad
es e
spec
ializ
adas
(ofic
iale
s o p
rivad
as),
otro
s, pa
ra ll
evar
a c
abo
dich
os e
mpr
endi
mie
ntos
. Est
o ot
orga
ría tr
ansp
aren
cia,
cel
erid
ad e
idon
eida
d a
la c
oncr
eció
n de
los p
roye
ctos
a e
mpr
ende
r.
Jorg
e D
anie
l Tai
llant
(C
ente
r for
Hum
an
Rig
hts a
nd
Envi
ronm
ent)
Due
to le
ngth
y co
mm
ents
, ple
ase
refe
r to
the
“ext
ensi
ve c
omm
ents
” at
end
of t
his s
ectio
n.
Mam
douh
G. S
alam
eh
(Oil
Mar
ket
Con
sulta
ncy
Serv
ice)
Prov
idin
g fu
ndin
g, tr
aini
ng a
nd su
perv
isio
n fo
r the
dep
loym
ent o
f clim
ate-
frie
ndly
tech
nolo
gies
for e
nerg
y, tr
ansp
ort,
agric
ultu
re a
nd o
ther
sect
ors i
n de
velo
ping
cou
ntrie
s.
Zak
Kul
berg
(I
ndep
ende
nt
Res
earc
her)
Fund
ing
rese
arch
faci
litie
s in
deve
lopi
ng n
atio
ns fo
r the
use
of p
oor c
omm
uniti
es w
ith te
nden
cies
tow
ard
reso
urce
ex
ploi
tatio
n w
ill b
ring
in b
ette
r int
erna
tiona
l col
labo
ratio
ns to
thos
e re
gion
s and
hel
p su
ppor
t edu
catio
n. T
he p
robl
em o
f "b
rain
dra
in" i
s one
of t
he m
ost c
halle
ngin
g pr
oble
ms f
acin
g cl
imat
e ch
ange
. Ext
rem
e fu
ndin
g fo
r aca
dem
ic su
ppor
t of
reso
urce
rich
com
mun
ities
will
hel
p de
velo
p ap
prop
riate
edu
ctio
n pr
ogra
ms i
n th
e re
gion
s tha
t nee
d it
mos
t. Pi
racy
of
envi
ronm
enta
l sci
ence
rese
arch
from
bio
dive
rse
regi
ons i
s occ
urrin
g be
caus
e th
e ho
st c
ount
ries o
f bio
dive
rsity
are
ty
pica
lly n
ot u
ser f
riend
ly fo
r res
earc
hers
inte
rest
ed in
pre
serv
ing
reso
urce
s tha
t cor
rupt
gov
ernm
ents
wou
ld ra
ther
liq
uida
te. T
he lo
ng te
rm p
rofit
s of e
nviro
nmen
tal c
ompl
exity
will
far o
utw
eigh
eco
nom
ic li
quid
atio
n of
fore
sts a
nd
min
es.
Save
is Jo
ze S
adeg
hian
(I
FAD
)
Judi
th K
lost
erm
ann
(WU
R-A
lterr
a)
Sim
one
Love
ra
The
WB
G c
ould
hel
p fin
anci
ng re
new
able
ene
rgie
s and
sust
aina
ble
trans
port
and
land
use
initi
ativ
es, b
ut o
nly
if th
ere
is
19
9
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
(Sob
revi
venc
ia/F
riend
s of
the
Earth
-Par
agua
y co
here
nce
betw
een
such
eve
nts a
nd o
vera
ll W
BG
ene
rgy,
infr
astru
ctur
e an
d la
nd u
se se
ctor
fina
ncin
g
Xav
ier L
ecac
heur
(UK
D
FID
W
BG
mus
t bui
ld o
n th
e su
cces
s of t
he C
lean
Ene
rgy
Inve
stmen
t Fra
mew
ork
(CEI
F)an
d dr
aw le
sson
s fro
m it
s rev
iew
. Th
ere
has t
o be
a c
omm
itmen
t to
incr
ease
sign
ifica
ntly
the
activ
ities
of t
he C
EIF.
Mar
ía E
mig
dalia
Es
pino
za d
e A
lvar
ado
(Min
iste
rio d
e Ed
ucat
ion)
Bus
car f
órm
ulas
que
impi
dan
dest
ruir
nue
stro
am
bien
te y
trab
ajar
ard
uam
ente
par
a bu
scar
alte
rnat
ivas
que
no
dest
ruya
n,pe
ro q
ue se
pue
dan
desa
rrol
lar e
n nu
evas
tecn
olog
ías .
Eliz
abet
h St
uart
(Oxf
am In
tern
atio
nal)
Due
to le
ngth
y co
mm
ents
, ple
ase
refe
r to
the
“ext
ensi
ve c
omm
ents
” at
end
of t
his s
ectio
n.
Kim
anth
i MU
TUA
(K-
Rep
Ban
k B
y fu
ndin
g an
d cr
eatin
g in
cent
ives
for c
limat
e fr
iend
ly te
chno
logi
es. T
he W
orld
Ban
k gr
oup
shou
ld c
ontin
ue to
fund
ed
ucat
ion
prog
ram
s and
incr
easi
ng th
e ca
paci
ty fo
r hom
e- g
row
n in
nova
tion.
Eff
orts
shou
ld b
e m
ade
to st
reng
then
m
ulti-
Sect
oral
co-
oper
atio
n to
incr
ease
aw
aren
ess a
bout
exi
stin
g cl
imat
e fr
iend
ly te
chno
logy
. The
impr
ovem
ent o
f in
fras
truct
ure
in d
evel
opin
g co
untri
es sh
ould
be
gear
ed to
war
d su
ppor
ting
clim
ate
frie
ndly
tech
nolo
gy.
Yus
uf C
ICEK
(Priv
ate
Sect
or)
Ade
quat
e fin
anci
ng a
nd e
ncou
ragi
ng e
ffor
ts to
righ
t pro
ject
s on
clim
ate
frie
ndly
tecn
olog
ies,
trans
fer o
f kno
wle
dge
and
expe
rienc
e to
the
priv
ate
sect
or b
esid
e th
e go
vern
men
tal b
odie
s sha
ll ac
celle
rate
the
deve
lopm
ent.
Om
ar K
han
(Uni
vers
ity o
f V
erm
ont)
Ince
ntiv
izin
g, m
icro
-gra
nts,
and
enco
urag
emen
t of e
ntre
pren
eur-
led
initi
ativ
es
MER
CY
ALM
ON
A-
ISEI
(Nig
eria
n H
ouse
of
Rep
rese
ntat
ives
Prim
arily
, by
seek
ing
to b
road
en th
e us
e of
non
-oil
fuel
s in
the
glob
al e
nerg
y m
ix w
here
rene
wab
le e
nerg
y ca
n no
t be
used
as o
utrig
ht su
bstit
ute.
Emm
anue
l Odj
am-
Aku
amte
y (E
colo
gica
l R
esto
ratio
n)
FIN
AN
CE
AN
D T
ECH
NO
LOG
Y T
RA
NSF
ER T
O D
EVEL
OPI
NF
CO
UN
TRIE
S W
ITH
LO
W IN
TER
ESTS
Teki
sura
yya
Nat
iona
l In
stitu
te o
f Fin
anci
al
Man
agem
ent)
can
prom
oste
soft
loan
s/fin
anci
ng sc
hem
e to
com
pani
es/n
atio
ns th
at d
evel
opm
e cl
ean
deve
lopm
ent m
echa
nism
s and
ec
ofie
ndly
tech
nolo
gies
.
Tani
m L
aila
(Ins
titut
e Th
e W
BG
can
pla
y a
faci
litat
ive
role
in e
nsur
ing
that
clim
ate
frie
ndly
tech
nolo
gy th
at c
an b
e re
plic
ated
is a
dapt
ed
20
0
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
of M
oham
mad
) w
ithin
the
set e
nviro
nmen
t in
a co
st e
ffec
tive
man
ner b
y th
e de
velo
ping
eco
nom
ies.
WB
G h
as th
e or
gani
zing
pot
entia
l fo
r com
bini
ng te
chni
cal a
dvan
ces w
ith in
dige
nous
inte
llige
nce
to p
reve
nt a
nd c
omba
t im
pact
of c
limat
e ch
ange
. Th
e co
ncer
n fo
r WB
G sh
ould
be
dim
inis
hing
the
tech
nolo
gy g
aps b
etw
een
the
deve
lope
d an
d de
velo
ping
cou
ntrie
s sp
ecifi
cally
to e
nsur
e th
at th
e de
velo
pmen
t ass
ista
nce
does
not
dep
lete
due
to im
pact
of c
limat
e ch
ange
.
Vic
tor R
aul A
roca
O
spin
a (F
unda
cion
Pr
osur
gir)
Es u
na p
robl
emat
ica
actu
al la
falta
de
tecn
olog
ias i
nocu
as, v
emos
com
o lo
s bio
com
bust
ible
s est
an a
cele
rand
o el
fe
nom
eno
de d
esco
mpo
sici
on so
cial
a lo
larg
o de
l pla
neta
, pue
s la
verd
ad n
o es
una
solu
ción
via
ble
a un
pro
blem
a ta
n co
mpl
ejo,
pue
s los
efe
ctos
secu
ndar
ios (
desp
laza
mie
nto,
vio
lenc
ia e
n lo
s cam
pos,
desa
bast
ecim
ient
o al
imen
tario
, etc
) de
su im
plem
enta
ción
son
mas
fune
stos
que
los p
robl
emas
que
bus
ca so
luci
onar
. Es n
eces
ario
impu
lsar
las i
nici
ativ
as
loca
les a
borig
enes
de
prod
ucci
on li
mpi
a y
man
ejo
med
ioam
bien
tal,
es n
eces
ario
recu
rrir
a to
das l
as in
icia
tivas
, tan
to
mod
erna
s com
o an
cest
rale
s que
han
dem
ostra
do su
efic
ienc
ia e
n el
baj
o im
pact
o al
med
io a
mbi
ente
. Es u
rgen
te
recu
pera
r el p
atrim
onio
agr
oeco
logi
co, f
ores
tal y
pro
tege
r por
med
io d
e su
bsid
ios l
os re
curs
os n
atur
ales
. es p
rimor
dial
im
puls
ar m
edio
s de
trans
porte
mas
ivos
, ec
ológ
icos
, tra
dici
onal
es, b
ajar
le e
l ton
o a
la p
ublic
idad
con
sum
ista
y fo
men
tar
el u
so d
e la
s ene
rgía
s ren
ovab
les e
ntre
la c
omun
idad
.
Luis
Riv
era
(IN
CA
E B
usin
ess S
choo
l) R
egul
ator
y fr
amew
orks
are
ver
impo
rtant
. In
the
case
of L
atin
Am
eric
a, fo
r exa
mpl
e, h
igh
depe
nden
cy o
n fo
ssil
fuel
s fo
r ele
ctric
ity g
ener
atio
n is
the
resu
lt of
dis
crim
inat
ory
lega
l fra
mew
orks
aga
inst
rene
wab
le so
urce
s. Th
ere
are
taxe
s, su
bsid
ies,
ince
ntiv
es, a
nd se
vera
l pol
icy
inst
rum
ents
bia
sed
in fa
vor o
f non
-ren
ewab
le e
nerg
y so
urce
s. In
man
y ca
ses
tech
nolo
gica
l con
stra
ints
are
not
as r
elev
ant a
s ins
titut
iona
l bar
riers
Mar
y A
nn R
ing
(Gen
eral
Ele
ctric
C
ompa
ny)
Tran
spor
tatio
n –
Plac
e ad
ditio
nal e
mph
asis
on
railw
ays,
a se
ctor
that
has
rece
ived
less
atte
ntio
n an
d fu
ndin
g th
an ro
ads
in W
BG
pro
ject
s. C
onsi
der l
ocom
otiv
e m
oder
niza
tion
kits
.
Tom
Cor
selli
s (S
helte
r Cen
tre)
App
ropr
iate
pla
nnin
g an
d bu
ildin
g co
des m
ust b
e su
ppor
ted
adeq
uate
ly w
ith m
aint
aine
d in
tegr
ated
risk
map
ping
. In
the
cons
truct
ion
indu
stry
, sup
port
mus
t be
offe
red
to h
ighl
y lo
calis
ed o
ptio
ns fo
r eac
h oc
cupa
ncy
type
and
eco
nom
ic g
roup
th
at in
tegr
ate
tradi
tiona
l tec
hniq
ues f
or h
azar
d re
sist
ance
with
new
er m
ater
ials
ava
ilabl
e, su
ch a
s rei
nfor
ced
conc
rete
.
Mal
colm
Har
per
(Ind
epen
dent
) Pr
omot
e nu
clea
r pow
er, v
igou
rous
ly a
nd u
nash
amed
ly
Tom
Sha
rman
(A
ctio
nAid
Fi
rst,
by le
adin
g by
exa
mpl
e an
d w
ithdr
awin
g su
ppor
t for
foss
il fu
el a
nd o
ther
clim
ate-
unfr
iend
ly te
chno
logi
es.
Jose
Lui
s Sor
ia
Sanc
hez
(ass
ocia
cao
civi
l de
natu
reza
be
nefic
ente
)
Cre
ar in
stru
men
tos e
line
as d
e fin
anci
amen
to p
ara
todo
pro
ject
o qu
e vi
abili
ze m
aior
con
forto
par
a la
s per
sona
s en
sus
prop
rios l
ares
con
dis
min
ució
n de
l con
sum
o en
ergé
tico
de q
ualq
uier
nat
ural
eza.
20
1
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
Moh
amm
ad Z
aman
(F
reel
ance
Con
sulta
nt)
Focu
s on
IDA
cou
ntrie
s and
pro
vide
ass
ista
nce
- mor
e in
the
form
of g
rant
- to
intro
duce
new
tech
nolo
gy a
nd n
ew w
ay
of d
oing
thin
gs. S
uppo
rt lo
cal k
now
ledg
e an
d so
lutio
ns to
sust
ain
miti
gatio
n m
easu
res a
nd p
rom
ote
deve
lopm
ent.
Car
los A
gene
si
(Int
erre
ligio
us C
ounc
il of
Mex
ico)
Beg
in a
cam
paig
n to
info
rm c
itize
ns o
f the
pro
blem
and
how
thei
r gov
ernm
ents
can
cha
nge
legi
slat
ion
for s
usta
inab
ility
.
Staf
ford
“D
oc”
W
illia
mso
n (D
aoC
hi
Ener
gy o
f Ariz
ona)
May
Jeon
g (W
orld
B
ank
You
th
Dev
elop
men
t & P
eace
N
etw
ork)
A b
otto
m-u
p ap
proa
ch in
whi
ch th
e re
cipi
ents
are
inqu
ired
of w
hat t
hey
are
in n
eed
of, a
nd th
e B
ank,
with
its i
ntel
lect
ual
acum
en, c
an p
rovi
de a
sust
aina
ble-
vers
ion
of a
nee
ded
com
mod
ity (i
e. e
nerg
y).
Cec
ilia
Embr
ee
(Coo
lClim
ate
LLC
) IF
C c
an in
vest
in p
roje
cts t
hat u
se th
ese
tech
nolo
gies
. IB
RD
can
wor
k w
ith g
over
nmen
ts to
dev
ise
polic
ies a
nd
ince
ntiv
es to
pro
mot
e ad
optio
n of
such
tech
nolo
gies
in g
over
nmen
t and
in th
e pr
ivat
e se
ctor
.
sid
boub
ekeu
r (C
ente
r fo
r the
Dev
elop
men
t of
Ent
erpr
ise)
Ince
ntiv
e to
SM
E's i
n de
velo
ping
and
em
ergi
ng c
ount
ries s
avin
g en
ergy
and
impl
emen
ting
frie
ndly
tech
nolo
gies
Fred
e B
oste
en (D
STC
) W
orld
ban
k ca
n w
ork
clos
er w
ith P
rivat
e B
usin
esse
s for
inst
ant w
ith A
ssoc
iatio
ns li
ke G
hana
Ass
ocia
tion
of S
olar
In
dust
ries a
nd p
rovi
de fu
ndin
g fo
r Tra
inin
g an
d Pr
ojec
t ins
talla
tions
in th
e se
ctor
s men
tione
d un
der i
tem
2.
Ger
ald
Wes
t (G
eorg
etow
n U
nive
ssity
)
Ther
e is
an
unus
ually
com
plex
skei
n of
bila
tera
l, re
gion
al, m
ultil
ater
al a
nd p
luril
ater
al in
situ
tiona
l arr
ange
men
ts in
the
wor
ld to
day.
The
new
ly c
reat
ed in
situ
tiona
l arr
ange
men
t for
clim
ate
chan
ge in
add
ition
to th
e on
es fo
r dev
elop
men
t, fin
ance
,ene
rgy,
trans
port,
agr
icul
ture
, tra
de a
nd in
vest
men
t has
cre
ated
a v
ery
frag
men
ted
"sys
tem
". Fi
ndin
g an
d ra
tiona
lizin
g "p
aths
thro
ugh
jung
le" f
or c
limat
e fr
iend
ly te
chno
logi
es is
a w
orth
y go
al fo
r the
WB
G.
Ray
Hol
land
(GTZ
/EU
Pr
ojec
t) en
cour
age
priv
ate
sect
or fr
om c
ount
ries w
ith g
ood
tech
nolo
gy c
apab
ility
to ta
ke u
p m
arke
t opp
ortu
nitie
s in
less
te
chni
cally
adv
ance
d co
untri
es a
nd im
prov
e th
e bu
sine
ss c
limat
e in
thos
e co
untri
es.
Tech
nolo
gy tr
ansf
er w
ill c
ome
from
exp
osur
e to
thes
e ne
w id
eas,
not f
rom
blu
e pr
ints
bou
ght o
ff th
e sh
elf.
Kei
th O
pens
haw
(R
etire
d)
Impr
ovin
g ag
ricul
tura
l pro
duct
ivity
is k
ey to
mee
t the
food
requ
irem
ents
of a
n in
crea
sing
pop
ulat
ion
and
to sl
ow d
own
the
rate
of d
efor
esta
tion.
Pro
mot
ing
ferti
lizer
s, es
peci
ally
org
aini
c on
es c
ould
hel
p in
this
resp
ect.
Plan
ting
of n
itrog
en
fixin
g pl
ants
on
farm
, esp
ecia
lly sh
ort r
otat
ion
trees
and
shru
bs w
ill a
lso
prov
ide
stic
k w
ood
to fa
rmer
s, th
us p
rovi
ding
20
2
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
biom
ass e
nerg
y at
the
sam
e tim
e fr
om in
crea
se re
sidu
es a
nd st
ick
woo
d.
Staf
ford
Will
iam
son
(Will
iam
son
Info
rmat
ion
Tech
nolo
gies
Cor
p.)
Influ
enci
ng p
rivat
e se
ctor
and
dev
elop
ing
coun
tries
' pub
lic se
ctor
to c
hoos
e al
tern
ativ
es w
ill li
kely
nee
d to
be
a "l
ead
by
exam
ple"
mod
el in
dev
elop
ed c
ount
ries.
If d
evel
oped
cou
ntrie
s can
be
conv
ince
d to
ado
pt a
nd in
vest
in st
rate
gies
like
bu
ildin
g co
mm
unic
tions
infr
astru
ctur
e fo
r a si
gnifi
cant
shift
from
phy
sica
lly c
omm
utin
g to
a p
lace
of b
usin
ess t
o te
leco
mm
utin
g vi
a co
mpu
ter/v
ideo
/voi
ice
links
(with
app
ropr
iate
secu
rity
feat
ures
to a
ssur
e pr
ivac
y an
d bu
sine
ss
conf
iden
tialit
y) w
ould
be
a re
stru
ctur
ing
of so
cial
pat
tern
s tha
t wou
ld v
astly
redu
ce c
oncr
ete
use,
ene
rgy
use,
land
use
, de
man
d fo
r priv
ate
trans
porta
tion
(and
ther
efor
e lif
e ex
pect
ancy
of v
ehic
les)
, air
trave
l red
uctio
n (e
spec
ially
whe
n pe
ople
beg
in to
exp
ect t
o be
abl
e to
inte
ract
via
rem
ote
com
mun
icat
ions
enh
ance
d by
vid
eo a
nd c
ompu
ter s
harin
g of
el
ectro
nic
docu
men
ts).
Arle
en S
eed
Se
tting
up
a re
cycl
ing
cent
er in
eac
h re
gion
wou
ld g
o a
long
way
to o
ffse
tting
wha
t can
pot
entia
lly b
e a
huge
pro
blem
in
futu
re.
Ado
lfo B
erch
eñi
(Con
tinen
tal N
EA)
Pued
en v
incu
lars
e di
rect
amen
te c
on se
ctor
es y
org
anis
mos
que
gen
eran
est
os c
onoc
imie
ntos
.-
Susa
nna
Nils
son
(Sid
a)
see
no 6
Sidd
appa
Bag
alko
ti (K
arna
tak
Uni
vers
ity,
Dha
rwad
)
Wha
t the
WB
is a
lread
y do
ing
is o
n th
e rig
ht li
nes.
Leon
Kap
pelm
an
(Uvi
v of
Tex
as
Wro
ng q
uest
ion.
Ren
ewab
le a
nd su
stai
nabl
e en
ergy
is im
porta
nt b
ut so
is le
ss p
ollu
tion
in g
ener
al.
Car
bon
obse
ssio
n w
ill c
ause
muc
h m
ore
harm
than
goo
d.
Pier
re-O
livie
r Pin
eau
(HEC
Mon
treal
) Th
e la
ck o
f tru
st in
inst
itutio
ns p
reve
nts m
ost o
f the
inve
stm
ent t
o be
mad
e. F
unda
men
tal i
nstit
utio
n bu
ildin
g is
a p
re-
cond
ition
for i
nves
tmen
t in
sust
aina
ble
solu
tions
: tra
nspa
renc
y an
d ac
coun
tabi
lity
(with
inte
rnat
iona
l mon
itorin
g).
Inve
stm
ent i
n in
dige
nous
solu
tions
and
in in
tern
atio
nal b
est p
ract
ice
will
follo
w.
Ram
esha
Cha
ndra
ppa
(Kar
anat
aka
Stat
e Po
llutio
n C
ontro
l B
oard
, Ind
ia)
You
may
writ
e to
cou
ntire
s to
impa
rt th
ese
subj
ect i
n m
ain
sylla
bus o
f tec
hnol
ogy
cour
ses i
n or
der t
o in
crea
se c
apac
ity
of fu
ture
gen
erat
ion.
You
can
als
o pr
ovid
e st
udy
mat
eria
l im
med
iate
ly to
all
maj
or te
chni
cal i
nstit
utes
.
Rav
indr
a K
olha
pure
(R
SR G
loba
l Vis
ion)
A
s bef
ore
Wor
ld B
ank
can
play
ver
y do
min
ant r
ole
depl
oyin
g cl
imat
e fr
iend
ly te
chno
logi
es to
dev
elop
ing
and
third
w
orld
cou
ntrie
s,fac
ing
pove
rty &
food
cris
is. U
plift
ing
thei
r life
stan
dard
s.
Ang
elin
e C
ione
(Our
Th
e W
orld
Ban
k sh
ould
par
tner
with
uni
vers
ities
and
gra
d sc
hool
s (in
bot
h th
e de
velo
ping
and
dev
elop
ed w
orld
) so
that
un
iver
sity
stud
ents
can
hel
p in
the
deve
lopm
ent a
nd d
eplo
ymen
t of c
limat
e fr
iend
ly te
chno
logi
es.
A p
roje
ct-s
peci
fic
20
3
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
Task
) co
mpe
titio
n be
twee
n sc
hool
s wou
ld a
lso
help
har
ness
the
crea
tive
ener
gy o
f uni
vers
ity st
uden
ts to
hel
p in
dep
loym
ent o
f cl
imat
e fr
iend
ly te
chno
logi
es in
a sp
ecifi
c ar
ea.
The
inte
rnat
iona
l col
labo
ratio
n th
at w
ould
resu
lt w
ould
ben
efit
all
parti
es.
Serc
il To
kogl
u (D
evel
opm
ent B
ank
of
Turk
ey)
The
Wor
ld B
ank
Gro
up sh
ould
rais
e pu
blic
sens
ibili
ty fo
r the
dev
elop
men
t and
dep
loym
ent o
f clim
ate
frie
ndly
te
chno
logi
es b
y gi
ving
gra
nts t
o co
untri
es n
one
gove
rnm
enta
l org
aniz
atio
ns p
roje
cts w
hich
obj
ectiv
es to
rais
e lo
cal
habi
tant
s kno
wle
dge.
Alb
ert I
lem
obad
e (U
plin
e R
esou
rces
Fo
unda
tion)
The
Wor
ld B
ank
mus
t pla
y, n
ot m
erel
y a
cata
lyst
, but
als
o a
faci
litat
ing
role
Wilh
elm
Nor
bert
(Gro
ntm
i_B
GS
Con
sulta
nts)
The
build
ing
sect
or (e
nerg
y sa
ving
, mos
tly if
airc
ondi
tione
d, o
r to
desi
ng to
avb
oid
airc
ondi
tioni
ng) i
s neg
lect
ed. Y
ou
may
find
mor
e in
my
artic
le in
the
cour
ier (
Eur
opea
n U
nion
): "k
eepi
ng c
ool w
ithou
t was
ting
ener
gy".
I can
send
als
o a
copy
.
Gör
an E
k (S
wed
ish
Soci
ety
for N
atur
e C
onse
rvat
ion)
Sign
ifica
ntly
step
up
effo
rts to
mee
t the
bas
ic e
nerg
y ne
eds o
f the
poo
r:
areg
e D
ougl
as (K
enya
Y
oung
Gre
en
Gre
ens/
Glo
bal Y
outh
G
reen
s)
Nik
hil D
esai
(Wor
ld
Ban
k)
Rev
ise
your
def
initi
on o
f "cl
imat
e fr
iend
ly te
chno
logi
es" f
irst,
to in
clud
e al
l em
issi
ons a
nd si
nks o
f all
GH
Gs,
both
w
arm
ing
as w
ell a
s coo
ling
spec
ies.
Get
aw
ay fr
om a
nti-f
ossi
l man
ia.
Cés
ar S
ilvio
Gra
nado
s R
afae
l (U
nivf
ersi
dad
Ala
s Per
uana
s-A
yacu
cho)
Con
secu
enci
a de
l cam
bio
clim
átic
o y
la p
rodu
cció
n de
com
bust
ible
s m´ñ
as b
arat
os q
ue e
l pet
róle
o se
rá la
dis
min
ució
n si
gnifi
cativ
a de
la p
rodu
cció
n de
alim
ento
s y su
cor
resp
ondi
ente
enc
arec
imie
nto
y la
esc
aséz
de
agua
pro
voca
rá e
l de
scen
so d
e la
pro
duct
ivid
ad a
grop
ecua
ria. L
as te
cnol
ogía
s des
arro
llada
s en
los t
iem
pos a
ctua
les d
eben
ser l
impi
as, d
e ba
jo u
so d
e en
ergí
a y
conv
ersi
ón to
tal d
e la
s mat
eria
s prim
as e
n pr
oduc
tos
Sabi
ne O
hm (P
rovi
eh-
Vgt
M e
.V.
Hel
p to
dev
elop
sust
aina
ble
farm
ing
met
hods
at l
ocal
leve
l - fo
r exa
mpl
e by
fina
ncin
g cr
edit
faci
litie
s for
smal
l far
mer
s in
dev
elop
ing
coun
tries
that
use
loca
l see
ds a
nd sp
ecie
s for
agr
icul
tura
l pro
duct
ion.
G y
Srik
anth
a R
eddy
(I
ndiv
idua
l) W
BG
shou
ld p
ropa
gate
pra
gmat
ic a
ppro
ch o
f usi
ng so
lar e
nerg
y fo
r lig
htin
g,bi
ogas
ses f
or c
oock
ing
and
impr
ove
mas
s tra
nspo
rt sy
stem
like
railw
ays.u
sing
win
d po
wer
for a
gric
ultu
re, a
ffor
esta
tion
by u
sing
col
lege
s,sch
ools
ngo
s pro
mot
ing
20
4
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
soci
al p
artic
ipat
ion
and
prom
otin
g aw
aren
ess i
n in
divi
dual
s mos
t im
pota
nt
Nov
a Te
ddy
Cha
rissa
(I
ndon
esia
Coo
rdin
ator
M
inis
try to
Eco
nom
ic
Aff
airs
)
The
WB
G c
an p
lay
as th
e m
ain
dono
r to
acce
lera
te o
r to
trigg
er th
e de
velo
pmen
t and
dep
loym
ent o
f clim
ate
frie
ndly
te
chno
logi
es fo
r ene
rgy,
tran
spor
t, ag
ricul
ture
and
oth
er se
ctor
s
Satu
rnin
o Ji
men
ez
(Ind
epen
dien
te)
Alig
erar
los p
roce
sos d
e fin
anci
amie
nto
para
pro
yect
os lo
cale
s y re
gion
ales
que
pue
dan
ser a
lcan
zado
s por
las p
ropi
as
com
unid
ades
; un
sect
or e
mer
gent
e de
est
os a
prov
echa
mie
ntos
sería
el c
apita
l for
jado
por
la e
mig
raci
ón, e
s dec
ir, d
arle
re
spal
do a
las c
omun
idad
es d
e m
igra
ntes
par
a de
sarr
olla
r tec
nolo
gías
más
acc
esib
les y
men
os c
osto
sas p
ara
cont
inua
r su
desa
rrol
lo.
Fern
ando
Man
tova
ni
(Vita
lize
Am
bien
tal
Ind.
E C
om. L
tda)
Dud
ley
Ach
u Sa
ma
(Val
das &
Co.
Ltd
.) PR
OJE
CTS
DES
IGN
TO
IMPL
EMEN
TATI
ON
/EV
ALU
ATI
ON
AN
D D
ISSE
MIN
ATI
ON
OF
LESS
ON
S, D
ELIV
ER
SUPP
OR
T (F
INA
NC
IAL)
TO
CO
UN
TRIE
S O
N A
NA
TIO
NA
L A
ND
/OR
SU
BR
EGIO
NA
L SC
ALE
BY
WA
Y O
F D
EVEL
OPM
ENT
BA
NK
S, G
EF A
CTI
VIT
Y A
ND
CO
MM
UN
ITY
BA
SED
OR
GA
NIS
ATI
ON
S A
ND
PR
IVA
TE
SEC
TOR
.
Dal
ia E
ssm
at
(Eng
inee
ring
Task
G
roup
)
WB
will
put
an
agen
da to
reac
h th
e ab
ove
obje
ctiv
es
Aha
du S
elas
sie
(SEE
&
DO
USA
Fo
unda
tion)
Wor
ld B
ank
cann
ot a
nd c
ould
not
add
ress
all
issu
es re
late
d to
clim
ate
chan
ge a
roun
d th
e gl
obe
but c
erta
inly
the
WB
em
pow
er p
rogr
ams t
hat e
ncou
rage
env
ironm
ent a
ll pr
otec
tion
base
d co
mm
unity
dev
elop
men
t wor
ks a
nd sh
owin
g al
tern
ates
to th
e fa
rmer
s and
scho
ol k
ids r
egar
ding
to u
tiliz
ing
loca
l res
ourc
es to
min
imiz
e an
d ad
dres
s the
issu
e.
Car
ol T
urle
y (P
lym
outh
Mar
ine
Labo
rabo
ry)
Ass
ess t
he d
iffer
ent "
frie
ndly
" te
chno
logi
es (a
nd th
eir p
oten
tial e
nviro
nmen
tal i
mpa
ct u
sing
a m
ultid
isci
plin
ary
team
so
that
you
get
a w
ide
pers
pect
ive
and
asse
ssm
ent,
rath
er th
an th
e tu
nnel
vis
ion
of o
ne d
isci
plin
e. T
hink
of t
he c
urre
nt
biof
uels
deb
ate
(act
ual e
ffic
ienc
y of
redu
cing
CO
2 em
issi
ons a
nd g
row
ing
fuel
inst
ead
of fo
od)a
s a g
ood
exam
ple
of
havi
ng th
e de
bate
a b
it la
te. W
e ne
eds t
hese
ass
essm
ents
ear
ly o
n in
the
proc
esse
s - a
nd q
uick
ly!
4. W
hat s
houl
d be
the
role
of t
he W
orld
Ban
k G
roup
in m
obili
zing
add
ition
al c
once
ssio
nal f
inan
cing
and
pri
vate
sect
or in
vest
men
ts to
re
spon
d to
clim
ate
chan
ge?
Mel
Eva
ns (P
lan
B)
20
5
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
Smita
Nak
hood
a (W
orld
Res
ourc
es
Inst
itute
)
The
Wor
ld B
ank
shou
ld n
ot se
ek to
repl
icat
e th
e ro
les t
hat p
rivat
e se
ctor
inve
stor
s alre
ady
play
. The
Ban
k sh
ould
wor
k to
attr
act p
rivat
e in
vest
men
t to
unde
rser
ved
sect
ors s
uch
as c
lean
ene
rgy
and
ener
gy e
ffic
ienc
y, o
r par
tner
with
the
priv
ate
sect
or in
inno
vativ
e w
ays t
o fin
d ne
w m
eans
to c
hann
el in
vest
men
t to
supp
ort a
dapt
atio
n an
d m
itiga
tion
agen
das.
Ther
e is
gro
win
g pr
ivat
e se
ctor
inte
rest
in th
e op
portu
nitie
s for
low
car
bon
inve
stm
ent -
- pub
lic m
oney
can
pla
y a
valu
able
role
in h
arne
ssin
g ht
is in
vest
men
t to
have
a re
al im
pact
on
the
chal
leng
es o
f sus
tain
able
dev
elop
men
t.
Nic
k W
elch
(Roy
al
Dut
ch S
hell
plc)
Se
e an
swer
s to
Q1
and
Q2
Milt
on D
evad
osan
(T
he B
ridge
Fo
unda
tion)
By
tapp
ing
the
finan
cial
reso
urce
s fr
om th
e re
spec
tive
natio
nal g
over
nmen
t and
from
mul
ti-la
tera
l don
ors
Rya
n Ly
nch
(Mic
ro
Insu
ranc
e A
genc
y)
The
WB
G’s
abi
lity
to p
rovi
de a
pol
icy
advi
sory
cap
acity
wou
ld b
e ex
trem
ely
help
ful i
n th
e in
sura
nce
indu
stry
. Fo
r m
any
indu
strie
s, th
ere
is li
ttle
legi
slat
ion
in e
mer
ging
mar
kets
, and
som
e le
vel o
f gov
erna
nce
wou
ld b
e pr
uden
t, es
peci
ally
as m
ore
play
ers s
eek
to e
nter
the
spac
e. T
he ty
pe o
f reg
ulat
ion
we
envi
sion
acc
ompl
ishe
s tw
o m
issi
ons:
John
Cai
n (C
hevr
on
Cor
pora
tion)
Th
e W
BG
shou
ld le
ad b
y ex
ampl
e, b
y de
mon
stra
ting
to g
over
nmen
ts a
nd p
rivat
e pa
rties
that
sust
aina
ble,
low
-car
bon
proj
ects
can
be
good
inve
stm
ents
. Th
us, t
he W
BG
shou
ld fo
cus i
ts e
ffor
ts o
n pr
ojec
ts w
hich
redu
ce G
HG
em
issi
ons
thro
ugh
ener
gy e
ffic
ienc
y or
oth
er c
ost-e
ffec
tive
mea
ns.
The
WB
G n
eeds
to b
e co
nsis
tent
in th
is re
gard
, and
incl
ude
carb
on e
mis
sion
s as o
ne o
f the
con
side
ratio
ns in
the
eval
uatio
n of
all
pote
ntia
l pro
ject
s.
Shei
la P
age
(Ove
rsea
s D
evel
opm
ent I
nstit
ute)
N
one.
Sibi
ri Je
an Z
OU
ND
I (O
ECD
) R
enfo
rcem
ent d
es c
apac
ités l
ocal
es (g
ouve
rnan
ce lo
cale
) pou
r la
mis
e en
oeu
vre
de m
écan
ism
es e
ndog
ènes
mai
s du
rabl
es d
e fin
ance
men
t (in
clua
nt le
pub
lic, l
e pr
ivé.
..)
Kof
i Ada
de D
ebra
h (P
lan
Gha
na
By
conv
inci
ng d
onor
mem
ber c
ount
ries t
o in
sist
on
envi
ronm
enta
lly fr
iend
ly a
nd m
itiga
tion
actio
n pl
ans o
f priv
ate
sect
or in
vest
ors a
s par
t of t
heir
appl
icat
ion
for l
oans
and
mon
itorin
g th
em to
ens
ure
that
the
plan
s are
eff
ecte
d.
Ahm
adul
Has
san
(CEG
IS)
WB
G sh
ould
col
lect
the
CC
tax
only
from
G8
coun
tries
and
pay
with
out i
nter
est t
o th
e C
C v
ulne
rabl
e de
velo
ping
co
untri
es li
ke B
angl
ades
h. G
8 sh
ould
pay
tax
amou
nt b
ased
on
last
40
year
s em
issi
ons.
Rob
ert
Vin
cin
(Vin
cin
Bin
Li E
nviro
nmen
t Te
chno
logy
Co
Ltd
20
6
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
(Chi
na)
Bill
Sm
ith (F
orm
er
Ban
k)
Due
to le
ngth
y co
mm
ents
, ple
ase
refe
r to
the
“ext
ensi
ve c
omm
ents
” at
end
of t
his s
ectio
n.
Mat
thew
Add
ison
(T
etra
Tec
h)
Leon
Kap
pelm
an
Dia
na F
erna
nda
Mon
tini (
Aso
ciac
ion
Bos
que
NN
M)
Deb
era
pone
r en
cono
cim
ient
o a
los g
rupo
s inv
erso
res d
e la
s per
dida
s mul
timill
onar
ias q
ue d
eben
drán
con
el c
ambi
o cl
imát
ico.
Sol
o co
n la
inve
rsió
n de
hoy
se p
odrá
min
imiz
ar d
icha
s con
secu
enci
as.
Jorg
e D
anie
l Tai
llant
(C
ente
r for
Hum
an
Rig
hts a
nd
Envi
ronm
ent)
Due
to le
ngth
y co
mm
ents
, ple
ase
refe
r to
the
“ext
ensi
ve c
omm
ents
” at
end
of t
his s
ectio
n.
Mam
douh
G. S
alam
eh
(Oil
Mar
ket
Con
sulta
ncy
Serv
ice)
To a
chie
ve th
ese
obje
ctiv
es th
e W
orld
Ban
k ob
viou
sly
need
s hug
e fu
nds.
I sug
gest
, the
refo
re, t
hat t
he B
ank
shou
ld
appr
oach
the
oil-p
rodu
cing
cou
ntrie
s aro
und
the
wor
ld a
nd a
sk th
em to
con
tribu
te 1
% o
f the
ir oi
l-exp
ort e
arni
ngs t
o be
us
ed so
lely
by
the
Wor
ld B
ank
for t
he fi
nanc
ing
of su
stai
nabl
e de
velo
pmen
t and
pov
erty
redu
ctio
n an
d cl
imat
e ch
ange
im
prov
emen
t in
the
deve
lopi
ng c
ount
ries u
nder
the
dire
ct su
perv
isio
n of
the
Ban
k.
Zak
Kul
berg
(I
ndep
ende
nt
Res
aerc
her)
Wor
ld B
ank
shou
ld b
e re
spon
sibl
e fo
r mak
ing
sure
that
the
prof
its so
ught
are
runn
ing
on a
n ex
tend
ed ti
mel
ine
and
not
for o
nly
the
cour
se o
f one
life
time.
Wha
t pro
fits u
s tod
ay m
ay st
eal t
he li
fe o
f fut
ure
gene
ratio
ns. E
colo
gy sh
ows t
hat
com
plex
and
div
erse
env
ironm
ent s
uppo
rt th
e la
rges
t car
ryin
g ca
paci
ties.
This
mea
ns th
at su
ppor
ting
a co
mpl
ex d
iver
se
natu
ral e
nviro
nmen
t will
supp
ort t
he la
rges
t sus
tain
able
con
sum
er m
arke
t and
max
imiz
e pr
ofits
in th
e lo
ng ru
n.
Inve
stm
ent p
rogr
ams s
houl
d be
run
on th
e tri
ple
botto
m li
ne a
nd lo
ok a
t mor
e th
an ju
st m
onet
ary
gain
s. A
hug
e la
pse
in
cons
erva
tion
focu
s is t
he c
onse
rvat
ion
of c
ompl
exity
. In
othe
r wor
ds, p
lant
ing
a tre
e fo
r eve
ry tr
ee c
ut d
oes n
ot re
plac
e al
l of t
he m
icro
-hab
itats
des
troye
d bu
t cut
ting
the
initi
al tr
ee. L
ikew
ise,
the
3-di
men
sion
al c
ompl
exity
of a
cor
al re
ef is
m
uch
mor
e ef
fect
ive
for e
rosi
on c
ontro
l tha
n a
flat-f
aced
cem
ent r
etai
ning
wal
l. Th
e re
alis
tic p
robl
em o
f mob
ilizi
ng
fund
s for
env
ironm
enta
l sup
port
is th
at th
e so
lutio
ns to
our
env
ironm
enta
l cris
is re
quire
com
plex
ity, a
nd w
hat a
re b
eing
so
ught
are
sim
ple
solu
tions
.
Save
is Jo
ze S
adeg
hian
(I
FAD
)
Judi
th K
lost
erm
ann
20
7
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
(WU
R-A
lterr
a)
Sim
one
Love
ra
(Sob
revi
venc
ia/F
riend
s of
the
Earth
-Par
agua
y
The
curr
ent r
ole
of th
e W
BG
in th
e ca
rbon
mar
ket i
s cle
arly
driv
en b
y th
e fin
anci
al in
tere
sts o
f the
WB
G it
self,
taki
ng
into
acc
ount
its i
nter
ests
in fi
nanc
ing
proj
ects
with
hig
h em
issi
on le
vels
. Per
def
initi
on, c
arbo
n of
fset
s lea
d to
zer
o re
sults
. Out
side
the
carb
on m
arke
t the
WB
G c
ould
pot
entia
lly p
lay
a po
sitiv
e ro
le in
mob
ilizi
ng a
dditi
onal
con
cess
iona
l fin
anci
ng a
nd p
rivat
e se
ctor
inve
stm
ents
into
the,
rela
tivel
y lim
ited,
cat
egor
y of
rene
wab
le e
nerg
y, su
stai
nabl
e tra
nspo
rt an
d su
stai
nabl
e la
nd u
se p
roje
cts t
hat h
elp
coun
tries
resp
ond
to c
limat
e ch
ange
and
pro
vide
fina
ncia
l ret
urns
at t
he lo
ng
run.
But
for a
legi
timat
e ro
le in
such
initi
ativ
es th
e su
gges
tion
of a
con
flict
of i
nter
ests
shou
ld b
e av
oide
d by
ens
urin
g fu
ll co
here
nce
of a
ll W
BG
fina
nce
with
eff
orts
to re
spon
d to
clim
ate
chan
ge.
Xav
ier L
ecac
heur
(UK
D
FID
W
BG
mus
t be
a co
ordi
nato
r, a
cata
lyst
and
show
lead
ersh
ip b
y co
mm
ittin
g si
gnifi
cant
fund
ing,
but
mus
t als
o le
ave
som
e "b
reat
hing
spac
e" to
oth
er a
ctor
s: c
apita
l mar
kets
-led
solu
tions
; ot
her R
DB
s ; b
anks
; M
FIs..
.
Mar
ía E
mig
dalia
Es
pino
za d
e A
lvar
ado
(Min
iste
rio d
e Ed
ucat
ion)
Exig
ir pl
anes
y p
rogr
amas
que
con
tribu
yan
a m
ejor
el m
odus
viv
endi
sin
tene
r que
end
euda
rse
más
o se
a en
seña
ndo
al
hom
bre
a pe
scar
y n
o da
rle e
l pes
cado
.
Eliz
abet
h St
uart
(Oxf
am In
tern
atio
nal)
Due
to le
ngth
y co
mm
ents
, ple
ase
refe
r to
the
“ext
ensi
ve c
omm
ents
” at
end
of t
his s
ectio
n.
Kim
anth
i MU
TUA
(K-
Rep
Ban
k Th
e W
orld
Ban
k G
roup
’s c
ompa
rativ
e ad
vant
age
in th
e di
ssem
inat
ion
of fu
nds e
ffic
ient
ly d
ue to
thei
r exp
erie
nce
in
cate
ring
to th
e ec
onom
ic, s
ocia
l and
geo
grap
hica
l diff
eren
ces b
etw
een
coun
tries
is in
disp
utab
le. T
here
fore
, the
Wor
ld
Ban
k G
roup
shou
ld a
ctiv
ely
enco
urag
e ad
ditio
nal f
inan
cing
and
inve
stm
ent f
or c
hann
elin
g in
to p
roje
cts a
imed
at
miti
gatin
g an
d ad
aptin
g to
clim
ate
chan
ge.
Yus
uf C
ICEK
(Priv
ate
Sect
or)
Wor
ld B
ank
coul
d pl
ay a
lead
ing
an fo
rcin
g ro
le in
this
resp
ect.
Om
ar K
han
(Uni
vers
ity o
f V
erm
ont)
MER
CY
ALM
ON
A-
ISEI
(Nig
eria
n H
ouse
of
Rep
rese
ntat
ives
With
the
real
ity th
at m
any
non-
indu
stria
lised
dev
elop
ing
coun
tries
(par
ticul
arly
Afr
ica)
will
suff
er th
e m
ore
- and
ear
liest
- t
han
GH
G-e
mitt
ing
coun
tries
, the
WB
G sh
ould
cam
paig
n to
get
the
stra
tegi
c C
IF th
at w
ill b
e a
func
tion
of th
e am
ount
em
itted
and
thes
e sh
ould
be
inve
sted
in d
evel
opin
g co
untri
es sp
ecifi
cally
to m
itiga
te c
ost o
f, an
d su
ppor
t pro
ject
s aim
ed
at m
itiga
ting
clim
ate
chan
ge.
Emm
anue
l Odj
am-
20
8
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
Aku
amte
y (E
colo
gica
l R
esto
ratio
n)
Teki
sura
yya
Nat
iona
l In
stitu
te o
f Fin
anci
al
Man
agem
ent)
evol
ve in
stru
men
ts to
rais
e ad
ditio
nal f
inan
ce a
nd m
otiv
atio
n of
priv
ate
sect
or to
join
the
publ
ic se
ctor
in p
artin
erhs
ip
(PPP
)
Tani
m L
aila
(Ins
titut
e of
Moh
amm
ad)
The
WB
G w
ill n
eed
to c
heck
and
bal
ance
prim
arily
the
acce
ss to
alte
rnat
e en
ergy
sour
ces a
nd it
s util
izat
ion
with
out a
ny
nega
tive
impa
ct o
n th
e ot
her e
ssen
tial s
ecur
ities
. Fo
r exa
mpl
e th
e de
fore
stat
ion
in tr
opic
al re
gion
s to
plan
t pal
m tr
ees
for v
eget
able
oil
as a
n al
tern
ate
ener
gy so
urce
is a
ttrac
ting
the
priv
ate
sect
or.
In th
e sa
me
cont
ext r
educ
ing
the
prod
uctio
n of
stap
le fo
od in
favo
r of p
rodu
ce li
ke c
orn
thro
ugh
enla
rged
agr
icul
ture
subs
idie
s in
the
mos
t dev
elop
ed
regi
on m
ay b
e co
unte
rpro
duct
ive
for s
usta
ined
clim
ate
chan
ge h
arm
redu
ctio
n an
d ef
fect
food
secu
rity.
The
WB
G c
an
cont
ribut
e si
gnifi
cant
ly th
roug
h ne
gotia
tions
with
the
Ann
ex I
and
II st
ates
for f
inan
cing
the
gree
n in
dust
ries i
n po
or
setti
ngs h
avin
g ab
unda
nt h
uman
reso
urce
that
wou
ld d
imin
ish
prod
uctio
n co
st, s
ecur
e em
ploy
men
t and
alo
ng w
ith it
pr
ovid
e ac
cess
to th
e ba
sic
need
s. It
can
pro
vide
loan
s at p
refe
rent
ial r
ates
or g
rant
s for
env
ironm
ent p
roje
cts t
hat i
s su
stai
nabl
e to
the
poor
cou
ntrie
s. L
ikew
ise
mor
e as
sist
ance
can
bec
ome
its n
ew st
rate
gy fo
r lin
ked
deve
lopm
ent t
hat
conn
ects
the
prev
entio
n m
echa
nism
with
infr
astru
ctur
e au
gmen
tatio
n.
Vic
tor R
aul A
roca
O
spin
a (F
unda
cion
Pr
osur
gir)
Forta
lece
r con
los g
obie
rnos
pol
ítica
s de
impu
lso
finan
cier
o, fi
scal
y e
conó
mic
o a
proy
ecto
s de
inve
stig
ació
n y
uso
de
ener
gías
lim
pias
, cre
ar e
n lo
s paí
ses a
grup
ados
por
el B
M ,
linea
s de
apoy
o a
empr
esas
eco
lógi
ca y
soci
alm
ente
so
sten
ible
s y d
efin
iend
o pa
rám
etro
s de
pena
lizac
ión
a aq
uella
s em
pres
as m
ultin
acio
nale
s pot
enci
alm
ente
con
tam
inan
tes,
pero
sobr
e to
do im
plem
enta
r una
con
cepc
ión
de p
olíti
cas a
mbi
enta
les a
mig
able
s den
tro d
e ca
da e
stad
o, te
nien
do e
n cu
enta
el d
esar
rollo
soci
al y
eco
nóm
ico
sost
enib
le.
Luis
Riv
era
(IN
CA
E B
usin
ess S
choo
l) Th
e pr
ivat
e se
ctor
mus
t be
dire
ctly
invo
lved
. Pub
lic fu
nds a
re li
mite
d fo
r sev
eral
reas
ons,
and
deve
lopm
ent a
id g
row
th is
no
t ver
y pr
omis
ing.
A fa
r as t
he p
rivat
e se
ctor
is a
llow
ed to
take
par
t of i
nves
tmen
ts, e
ffor
ts c
ould
mov
e fa
ster
. The
re is
a
need
to im
prov
e th
e in
vest
men
t clim
ate
in d
evel
opin
g co
untri
es a
nd p
rom
ote
the
econ
omic
ince
ntiv
es to
allo
cate
mor
e pr
ivat
e re
sour
ces i
nto
sust
aina
ble
deve
lopm
ent s
trate
gies
. The
fina
cial
sect
or is
a k
ey a
rea.
As f
ar a
s priv
ate
finan
cial
in
term
edia
ries d
o no
t int
egra
te th
e "l
angu
age"
of c
limat
e ch
ange
fina
nce
into
thei
r bus
ines
s, th
ings
wou
ld b
e m
ore
diff
icul
t.
Mar
y A
nn R
ing
(Gen
eral
Ele
ctric
C
ompa
ny)
The
Wor
ld B
ank
shou
ld c
ontin
ue it
s lea
ders
hip
in la
unch
ing
the
esta
blis
hmen
t of C
limat
e Fu
nds,
toge
ther
with
seve
ral
maj
or d
onor
s. T
he m
ajor
ity o
f the
fund
s sho
uld
be u
tiliz
ed to
max
imum
eff
ect b
y le
vera
ging
fund
ing
from
oth
er so
urce
s an
d sh
ould
be
split
into
thes
e ca
tego
ries:
Tom
Cor
selli
s (S
helte
r Cen
tre)
In re
cogn
ition
of u
rban
isat
ion
and
the
urba
n m
ajor
ity th
at d
o no
t ow
n th
eir h
omes
, sup
port
mus
t be
offe
red
to im
prov
ing
the
qual
ity o
f the
the
rent
al h
ousi
ng m
arke
t, an
d its
abi
lity
to m
itiga
te a
nd a
dapt
bef
ore
and
follo
win
g co
nflic
ts a
nd
20
9
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
natu
ral d
isas
ters
.
Mal
colm
Har
per
(Ind
epen
dent
) A
s now
for o
ther
pur
pose
s, le
vera
ge.
Tom
Sha
rman
(A
ctio
nAid
C
once
ssio
nal l
oans
are
an
inap
prop
riate
mea
ns o
f mov
ing
finan
cial
reso
urce
s fro
m ri
ch to
poo
r cou
ntrie
s. Po
or c
ount
ries
shou
ld n
ot h
ave
to p
ay tw
ice
for c
limat
e ch
ange
- on
ce fr
om th
e da
mag
e do
ne b
y ca
rbon
em
issi
ons,
larg
ely
from
the
rich
wor
ld, a
nd th
en a
gain
by
havi
ng to
repa
y lo
ans.
All
clim
ate
chan
ge fi
nanc
ial t
rans
fers
shou
ld b
e in
the
form
of g
rant
s not
lo
ans.
Jose
Lui
s Sor
ia
Sanc
hez
(ass
ocia
cao
civi
l de
natu
reza
be
nefic
ente
)
O B
anco
Mun
dial
dev
eria
est
ar p
rese
nte
en c
ada
pais
,par
a de
senv
olve
r tod
o pr
ojet
o qu
e co
mba
ta e
l cam
vbio
clim
atic
o,
atra
ves d
e su
a as
soci
ació
n co
n la
s OSC
cuj
as m
etas
sean
de
cola
bora
r est
rech
amen
te c
on e
l Ban
co e
n la
luch
a co
ntra
el
cam
bio
clim
atic
o,el
enc
arec
imie
nto
de lo
s alim
ento
s y e
l com
bate
con
tra la
cor
rupc
ión.
Moh
amm
ad Z
aman
(F
reel
ance
Con
sulta
nt)
MD
Bs s
houl
d do
mor
e - c
an't
expe
ct p
rivat
e se
ctor
to h
elp
in a
dapt
ive
stra
tegi
es d
ealin
g w
ith a
gric
ultu
re, f
ood
secu
rity,
re
settl
emen
t of d
ispl
aced
pop
ulat
ion.
Priv
ate
sect
or c
an in
vest
mor
e in
tech
nolo
gy d
evel
opm
ent a
nd in
nova
tions
(tha
t to
o fo
r mor
e bu
sine
ss!)
Car
los A
gene
si
(Int
erre
ligio
us C
ounc
il of
Mex
ico)
Staf
ford
“D
oc”
W
illia
mso
n (D
aoC
hi
Ener
gy o
f Ariz
ona)
Bei
ng "f
irst m
over
s" w
ith se
ed m
oney
and
"prim
e m
over
s" b
y pr
ovid
ing
loan
gua
rant
ees a
re th
e tw
o ce
ntra
l ten
ets o
f in
spiri
ng a
nd c
reat
ing
an e
ntra
inm
ent o
f out
side
inve
stm
ents
.
May
Jeon
g (W
orld
B
ank
You
th
Dev
elop
men
t & P
eace
N
etw
ork)
Supp
ortin
g pu
blic
-priv
ate
partn
ersh
ips i
n w
hich
IGO
s or I
GO
-led
initi
ativ
es m
ay b
e su
pple
men
ted
by th
e fis
cal c
apita
l of
the
priv
ate
sect
or.
Cec
ilia
Embr
ee
(Coo
lClim
ate
LLC
) Th
is is
IFC
's jo
b, a
lthou
gh IF
C d
oesn
;t w
ork
with
con
cess
iona
l fin
ance
. IF
C c
an w
ork
with
loca
l and
regi
onal
fina
ncia
l in
situ
tions
, as i
t alre
ady
does
in m
any
coun
tries
in th
e ar
ea o
f ene
rgy
effic
ienc
y.
sid
boub
ekeu
r (C
ente
r fo
r the
Dev
elop
men
t of
Ent
erpr
ise)
Def
ine
a cl
ear s
trate
gy a
nd a
n ac
tion
plan
whi
ch c
ould
be
impl
emen
ted
to p
rote
ct th
e en
viro
nem
ent.
Coo
rdin
atio
n fr
om
the
WB
(as t
here
are
too
muc
h or
gani
satio
ns in
volv
ed)
21
0
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
Fred
e B
oste
en (D
STC
) B
y ap
peal
ing
to m
ain
Econ
omic
bod
ies l
ike
EU, U
S, O
PEC
etc
.- W
B c
an a
lso
econ
omis
e on
ava
ilabl
e fu
nds.
All
coun
tries
who
hav
e si
gned
Koy
oto
shou
ld c
ontri
bute
mor
e.
Ger
ald
Wes
t (G
eorg
etow
n U
nive
ssity
)
See
abov
e an
swer
s. In
add
ition
, the
WB
G n
eeds
to re
-exa
min
e w
hy it
refu
ses t
o ut
ter t
he "
N" w
ord
(NU
CLE
AR
). Th
ere
is a
n op
portu
nity
her
e to
exe
rcis
e le
ader
ship
.
Ray
Hol
land
(GTZ
/EU
Pr
ojec
t)
Kei
th O
pens
haw
(R
etire
d)
The
pres
erva
tion
of th
e ex
istin
g tro
pica
l for
ests
and
woo
dlan
d is
vita
l, if
CO
2 em
issi
ons f
rom
land
cle
arin
g is
to b
e re
duce
d. P
ayin
g lo
cal p
eopl
e (a
nd g
over
nmen
ts) s
uffic
ient
mon
ey to
pre
serv
e su
ch a
reas
cou
ld c
ome
from
con
cess
iona
l fin
anci
ng. I
ntac
k tro
pica
l for
ests
may
be
valu
ed a
t bet
wee
n U
S$ 5
0 an
d 10
0 pe
r ha
per y
ear!
And
woo
dlan
d at
bet
wee
n U
S$ 2
5 to
50
per h
a pe
r yea
r. A
re d
evel
oped
cou
ntrie
s will
ing
to p
aty
such
sum
s? If
not
mor
e an
d m
ore
fore
st a
reas
will
be
cle
ared
or d
egra
ded
Staf
ford
Will
iam
son
(Will
iam
son
Info
rmat
ion
Tech
nolo
gies
Cor
p.)
Max
imum
leve
rage
can
pro
babl
y be
obt
aine
d by
rapi
d, li
bera
lly a
vaila
ble
seed
fina
ncin
g at
dev
elop
men
tal s
tage
s, co
uple
d w
ith so
lid lo
an g
uara
ntee
s at i
mpl
emen
tatio
n ph
ases
of c
limat
e ch
ange
pro
ject
s. If
WB
G c
ould
mak
e ar
rang
emen
ts fo
r "in
kin
d" d
onat
ions
from
eng
inee
ring
firm
s to
do so
me
of th
e in
itial
dev
elop
men
t and
pro
of o
f con
cept
le
vel o
r pilo
t pro
ject
dem
onst
ratio
ns o
f tec
hniq
ues a
nd te
chno
logi
es, f
ollo
wed
by
flexi
ble
but c
aref
ully
mon
itore
d lo
an
guar
ante
es to
do
the
priv
ate
sect
or/p
ublic
sect
or in
vest
men
ts a
nd im
plem
enta
tions
, thi
s wou
ld p
roba
bly
have
the
grea
test
po
ssib
le im
pact
.
Arle
en S
eed
Ado
lfo B
erch
eñi
(Con
tinen
tal N
EA)
El G
BM
deb
e ad
opta
r la
tare
a ed
ucat
iva
de m
ostra
r al s
ecto
r del
mer
cado
todo
, que
el C
C e
s el f
acto
r prin
cipa
l que
em
piez
a a
regi
r el f
lujo
de
capi
tale
s act
uale
s.-
Susa
nna
Nils
son
(Sid
a)
see
no 6
Sidd
appa
Bag
alko
ti (K
arna
tak
Uni
vers
ity,
Dha
rwad
)
Sim
ilar t
o its
role
in c
reat
ing
and
augm
entin
g G
EF.
Leon
Kap
pelm
an
(Uvi
v of
Tex
as
Pier
re-O
livie
r Pin
eau
(HEC
Mon
treal
) Th
e W
orld
Ban
k sh
ould
dro
p its
ideo
logi
cal s
tanc
e on
"pr
ivat
e se
ctor
inve
stm
ent"
. The
re a
re n
o m
ore
ress
ourc
es in
the
priv
ate
sect
or th
an in
the
publ
ic se
ctor
in th
eory
. And
in p
ract
ive,
it's
only
a m
atte
r of r
esou
rce
allo
catio
n. T
he p
rivat
e se
ctor
will
ofte
n fo
cus o
n m
axim
izin
g its
pro
fit in
a d
etrim
enta
l man
ner t
o th
e lo
ng-te
rm d
evel
opm
ent o
f dev
elop
ping
21
1
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
coun
tries
. A g
ood
exam
ple
of il
l-adv
ised
WB
pol
icy
is th
e pr
ivat
izat
ion
of th
e C
amer
ooni
an e
lect
ricity
com
pany
(Son
el
to A
ES C
orpo
ratio
n). S
ee fo
r ins
tanc
e "H
ow S
usta
inab
le is
Pol
icy
Inco
here
nce?
A R
evie
w o
f the
Cam
eroo
nian
El
ectri
city
Ref
orm
Ana
lysi
s Pro
cess
", Pi
neau
, P.-O
., Jo
urna
l of C
lean
er P
rodu
ctio
n, v
ol. 1
5 (2
) 166
-177
, 200
7.
Ram
esha
Cha
ndra
ppa
(Kar
anat
aka
Stat
e Po
llutio
n C
ontro
l B
oard
, Ind
ia)
Priv
ate
sect
or m
ay p
roje
ct w
rong
env
ironm
enta
l man
agem
tn p
lans
and
do
mis
lead
ing
impa
ct a
sses
smen
t. H
ence
shor
t lis
t onl
y fe
w p
roje
cts a
nd su
ppor
t the
m.
Rav
indr
a K
olha
pure
(R
SR G
loba
l Vis
ion)
Pr
ivat
e se
ctor
,SM
E In
a g
loba
lized
eco
nom
ic v
illag
e, S
ME
is th
e K
ing.
Yes
, it i
s tru
e. T
oday
, SM
E, th
e Sm
all a
nd
Med
ium
Ent
erpr
ise,
is a
n al
l-per
vadi
ng p
heno
men
on a
cros
s the
wor
ld fo
r sus
tain
able
eco
nom
ic d
evel
opm
ent e
ndur
ing
clim
ate
chan
ge.
Ang
elin
e C
ione
(Our
Ta
sk)
The
Wor
ld B
ank
Gro
up sh
ould
cre
ate
stan
dard
s to
asse
ss a
nd ra
nk p
rivat
e se
ctor
inve
stm
ents
bas
ed o
n ho
w w
ell t
hey
addr
ess i
ssue
s of c
limat
e ch
ange
and
sust
aina
bilit
y.
Serc
il To
kogl
u (D
evel
opm
ent B
ank
of
Turk
ey)
Exce
pt th
e ou
tline
s of S
FCC
D O
N M
arch
27,
200
8 th
e W
orld
Ban
k sh
ould
als
o ac
t as a
Reg
ulat
ion
&Su
perv
isio
n ag
ency
in te
rms o
f clim
ate
chan
ge a
t int
erna
tiona
l are
na.
Alb
ert I
lem
obad
e (U
plin
e R
esou
rces
Fo
unda
tion)
Sam
e as
in 3
.
Wilh
elm
Nor
bert
(Gro
ntm
i_B
GS
Con
sulta
nts)
Smal
l loa
n or
gra
nt sc
hem
s for
clim
ate
frie
ndly
con
stru
ctio
n. T
his c
an b
e m
ostly
bas
ed o
n tra
ditio
nal t
echn
olog
y, w
ith
som
e im
prov
emen
ts.
Gör
an E
k (S
wed
ish
Soci
ety
for N
atur
e C
onse
rvat
ion)
As a
key
pla
yer i
n in
tern
atio
nal d
evel
opm
ent t
he W
orld
Ban
k co
uld
play
a le
adin
g ro
le in
pro
vidi
ng a
fram
ewor
k fo
r “f
ast-t
rack
ing”
rene
wab
le e
nerg
y in
vest
men
ts in
the
Sout
h. R
egre
tfully
, how
ever
, it i
s the
per
cept
ion
of th
e Sw
edis
h So
ciet
y fo
r Nat
ure
Con
serv
atio
n th
at th
e B
ank
has n
ot fu
lfille
d th
ese
expe
ctat
ions
For
man
y de
cade
s, th
e W
orld
Ban
k’s
ener
gy le
ndin
g ha
s foc
used
on
cent
raliz
ed, l
arge
-sca
le, g
rid-b
ased
ther
mal
and
hyd
ropo
wer
pro
ject
s and
on
the
priv
atiz
atio
n of
pub
lic p
ower
util
ities
.
areg
e D
ougl
as (K
enya
Y
oung
Gre
en
Gre
ens/
Glo
bal Y
outh
G
reen
s)
21
2
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
Nik
hil D
esai
(Wor
ld
Ban
k)
Bro
adly
, mor
e co
nces
sion
al fi
nanc
ing
for a
dapt
atio
n an
d m
itiga
tion
of "
conv
entio
nal"
air
pollu
tion,
leav
ing
publ
ic a
nd
priv
ate
carb
on fi
nanc
e fo
r miti
gatio
n.
Cés
ar S
ilvio
Gra
nado
s R
afae
l (U
nivf
ersi
dad
Ala
s Per
uana
s-A
yacu
cho)
Prim
ero
es n
eces
ario
leva
ntar
un
inve
ntar
io fo
caliz
ado
de lo
s esp
acio
s don
de se
gen
eran
los d
river
s del
cam
bio
clim
átic
o y
de a
cuer
do a
su n
atur
alez
a or
ient
ar e
l fin
anci
amie
nto
para
miti
gar e
l cam
bio
clim
átic
o en
con
dici
ones
pro
moc
iona
les y
so
cial
men
te re
spon
sabl
es
Sabi
ne O
hm (P
rovi
eh-
Vgt
M e
.V.
wor
k w
ith g
over
nmen
ts o
f ind
ustri
aliz
ed c
ount
ries t
o ge
t sup
port
for f
inan
cing
such
faci
litie
s for
sust
aina
ble
farm
ing
G y
Srik
anth
a R
eddy
(I
ndiv
idua
l) FI
nanc
ing&
conc
essi
ons s
houl
d be
mad
e av
aila
ble
to fi
rms a
dopt
ing
to g
reen
er te
chno
logi
es e
sp in
ene
rgy
sect
or.a
skin
g al
l gov
ts to
tax
heav
ly th
e po
llutin
g fir
ms
Nov
a Te
ddy
Cha
rissa
(I
ndon
esia
Coo
rdin
ator
M
inis
try to
Eco
nom
ic
Aff
airs
)
WB
G sh
ould
be
the
cent
er a
s a m
edia
tor b
etw
een
us, d
evel
opin
g co
untri
es, a
nd th
e co
nces
sion
al fi
nanc
ing
and
priv
ate
sect
or in
vest
men
ts th
at n
eeds
and
wan
ts to
resp
ond
to c
limat
e ch
ange
.
Satu
rnin
o Ji
men
ez
(Ind
epen
dien
te)
Ace
ptar
pro
yect
os e
n m
icro
regi
ones
, con
regl
as m
ás fl
exib
les,
que
pued
an se
r ada
ptad
as a
los m
odel
os lo
cale
s de
inve
rsió
n. S
obre
todo
resp
alda
ndo
esto
s pro
yect
os d
esde
el s
ecto
r edu
cativ
o, e
s dec
ir, a
quel
los q
ue se
llev
en a
cab
o en
las
inst
ituci
ones
edu
cativ
as c
on u
na p
obla
ción
may
or d
e 10
00 e
scol
ares
, a fi
n de
que
los j
oven
e, lo
s doc
ente
s, tra
baja
dore
s de
man
teni
mie
nto
y pa
dres
de
fam
ilia,
se in
volu
cren
en
el c
ambi
o de
act
itude
s que
con
tribu
yan
a un
a m
ayor
val
orac
ión
del e
ntor
no p
ara
su c
onse
rvac
ión.
Fern
ando
Man
tova
ni
(Vita
lize
Am
bien
tal
Ind.
E C
om. L
tda)
Dud
ley
Ach
u Sa
ma
(Val
das &
Co.
Ltd
.) (i)
THR
OU
GH
TH
E U
NFC
CC
: SU
PPO
RT
DEV
ELO
PMEN
T O
F TH
E SC
IEN
CE
ON
EM
ISSI
ON
S IN
VEN
TOR
Y,
IMPA
CT
ASS
ESSM
ENTS
AN
D A
DA
PTA
TIO
N/M
ITIG
ATI
ON
, OR
GA
NIS
E D
ISC
USS
ION
S A
RO
UN
D S
CIE
NC
E,
POLI
CY
AN
D F
INA
NC
E/B
USI
NES
S SE
CTO
RS
ON
INV
ESTM
ENTS
TO
RED
UC
E IM
PAC
TS A
ND
AV
OID
EM
ISSI
ON
S, D
ESIG
N-I
MPL
EMEN
TATI
ON
/EV
ALU
ATI
ON
OF
CA
RB
ON
TR
AD
ING
MEC
HA
NIS
MS
-CD
M,JI
, ET
I.(ii)
INC
REA
SE L
EVEL
OF
DIS
BU
RSE
MEN
TS U
ND
ER ID
A F
OR
PO
VER
TY A
LLEV
IATI
ON
PR
OG
RA
MS
Dal
ia E
ssm
at
(Eng
inee
ring
Task
G
roup
)
The
WB
will
put
a c
ondi
tion
to d
eal w
ith a
ny c
ount
ry ,
that
this
cou
ntry
mus
t set
and
app
ly a
stra
tegy
for l
ow c
arbo
n .
for
was
te u
tiliz
atio
n , b
ioga
s pro
duct
ion
with
fair
pric
e, s
ourc
e se
para
tion
of w
aste
, bi
omas
s util
izat
ion,
etc
. suc
h a
stra
tegy
will
ena
ble
priv
ate
sect
or to
wor
k , b
ut w
ith c
urre
nt st
rate
gy o
f tot
al d
epen
dent
on
foss
il fu
el a
nd lo
w ta
riffs
of
21
3
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
elec
trici
ty ,w
ater
, and
gas
.it i
s im
poss
ible
for l
ow c
arbo
n pr
ojec
ts to
pen
etra
te o
r eve
n ex
ist.
Aha
du S
elas
sie
(SEE
&
DO
USA
Fo
unda
tion)
It is
ver
y un
real
istic
to a
ddre
ss c
limat
e ch
ange
with
out f
irst i
mpl
emen
ting
unde
rsta
ndin
g of
wha
t it m
eans
to th
e co
mm
unity
. Wha
t are
the
alte
rnat
es to
the
poor
com
mun
ities
? Fi
rst a
nd fo
r mos
t, th
e W
B n
eeds
to c
onne
ct w
ith th
e lo
cal
com
mun
ity th
roug
h or
gani
zatio
n su
ch a
s our
s wor
king
in d
evel
opin
g co
untri
es tr
ying
to a
ddre
ss th
e co
ncep
t of c
limat
e ch
ange
in sc
hool
s and
farm
ers a
ssoc
iatio
n. K
now
ledg
e is
pow
er a
nd th
e rig
ht in
form
atio
n to
the
right
com
mun
ity is
the
mos
t eff
ectiv
e to
ol to
mak
e aw
aren
ess p
rogr
ams.
Car
ol T
urle
y (P
lym
outh
Mar
ine
Labo
rabo
ry)
Usi
ng y
our p
ositi
on to
poi
nt o
ut th
e im
pact
and
cos
t of n
ot a
ctin
g no
w. S
ee th
e su
mm
ary
for p
olic
y m
aker
s fro
m th
e IP
CC
repo
rt on
clim
ate
chan
ge a
nd th
e St
ern
Rep
ort.
Als
o th
eir w
ill b
e be
nefit
s to
inve
stor
s by
bein
g in
at t
he b
egin
ning
, pr
oduc
ing
the
tech
nolo
gy o
r IP
etc.
5.
Bui
ldin
g ca
paci
ty w
ithin
cou
ntri
es, r
egio
ns a
nd in
stitu
tions
will
be
cruc
ial t
o ad
dres
s clim
ate
chan
ge is
sues
. H
ow c
an th
e W
orld
Ban
k G
roup
con
trib
ute?
Mel
Eva
ns (P
lan
B)
The
WB
G m
ust s
uppo
rt th
e U
NFC
CC
pro
cess
to e
nabl
e in
tern
atio
nal c
o-op
erat
ion
and
com
mitm
ent o
n al
l lev
els.
Fro
m
here
, fre
e an
d ea
sy a
cces
s to
tech
nolo
gy, w
ith p
aten
ting
rest
rictio
ns, s
houl
d en
cour
age
capa
city
dev
elop
men
t.
Smita
Nak
hood
a (W
orld
Res
ourc
es
Inst
itute
)
The
Stra
tegi
c Fr
amew
ork
on C
limat
e C
hang
e an
d D
evel
opm
ent (
SFC
CD
) pre
sent
s an
impo
rtant
opp
ortu
nity
to b
ring
the
core
act
iviti
es o
f the
Ban
k G
roup
into
gre
ater
alig
nmen
t with
the
twin
goa
ls o
f clim
ate
miti
gatio
n an
d ad
apta
tion.
As t
he
stra
tegy
not
es, c
limat
e ch
ange
is n
ot a
new
age
nda
for t
he W
orld
Ban
k. T
here
are
man
y ex
ampl
es o
f stro
ng p
ract
ices
to
inco
rpor
ate
clim
ate
chan
ge c
onsid
erat
ions
into
dec
isio
n-m
akin
g in
to C
ount
ry S
trate
gies
and
pro
ject
s, bu
t ove
rall
the
Ban
k’s r
ecor
d on
thes
e is
sues
rem
ains
mix
ed. T
he p
riorit
y ob
ject
ive
of th
e SF
CC
D sh
ould
be
to m
ake
thes
e ex
ampl
es o
f st
rong
pra
ctic
e un
iver
sal.
In sc
alin
g up
ope
ratio
nal a
ppro
ache
s to
inte
grat
e ad
apta
tion
and
miti
gatio
n in
dev
elop
men
t st
rate
gies
, a k
ey c
halle
nge
will
be
to in
tegr
ate
thes
e co
nsid
erat
ions
syst
emat
ical
ly in
to th
e de
sign
and
impl
emen
tatio
n of
ac
tual
pro
ject
s. G
iven
its m
ulti-
sect
oral
exp
ertis
e, th
e B
ank
can
play
a v
alua
ble
role
in fa
cilit
atin
g cr
oss-
sect
oral
in
itiat
ives
aro
und
infr
astru
ctur
e, n
atur
al re
sour
ce m
anag
emen
t, as
wel
l as r
isk
and
disa
ster
man
agem
ent.
Nic
k W
elch
(Roy
al
Dut
ch S
hell
plc)
Th
e W
BG
has
an
impo
tant
role
in it
s wor
k in
cou
ntrie
s on
two
leve
ls.
Milt
on D
evad
osan
(T
he B
ridge
Fo
unda
tion)
1.Ed
ucat
iona
l Ins
titut
ions
Rya
n Ly
nch
(Mic
ro
(6) T
he W
BG
’s a
bilit
y to
pro
vide
the
finan
cing
and
dev
elop
men
t ove
rsig
ht n
eces
sary
for “
gap”
infr
astru
ctur
e m
ay b
e
21
4
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
Insu
ranc
e A
genc
y)
the
orga
niza
tion’
s gre
ates
t opp
ortu
nity
. Thi
s wor
k sh
ould
clo
se th
e ga
ps n
eces
sary
to a
llow
oth
er p
artn
ers t
o ex
ecut
e th
eir c
ore
com
pete
ncie
s. T
his w
ill b
e th
e m
ost e
ffic
ient
way
to ta
ckle
clim
ate
chan
ge.
John
Cai
n (C
hevr
on
Cor
pora
tion)
Th
e W
BG
shou
ld h
elp
its g
over
nmen
tal a
nd p
rivat
e pa
rtner
s und
erst
and
the
rang
e of
cos
t-eff
ectiv
e op
tions
whi
ch a
re
avai
labl
e to
supp
ort s
usta
inab
le, l
ow-c
arbo
n ec
onom
ic g
row
th.
As n
oted
in th
e C
once
pt a
nd Is
sues
Pap
er, a
ctio
n on
cl
imat
e ch
ange
can
sim
ulta
neou
sly
brin
g co
mm
erci
al, d
evel
opm
enta
l and
env
ironm
enta
l ben
efits
. C
apac
ity-b
uild
ing
effo
rts m
ust f
ocus
on
tech
nolo
gies
whi
ch su
ppor
t all
of th
ese
obje
ctiv
es.
Shei
la P
age
(Ove
rsea
s D
evel
opm
ent I
nstit
ute)
N
ot c
lear
that
it h
as a
ny p
artic
ular
adv
anta
ge in
this
are
a. S
o, o
nly
by c
ontri
butin
g fu
ndin
g if
nece
ssar
y.
Sibi
ri Je
an Z
ound
i (O
ECD
) 1)
. Bie
n en
tend
u qu
e le
Gro
upe
de la
Ban
que
Mon
dial
e a
une
vale
ur a
jout
ée a
u ni
veau
nat
iona
l - C
et e
ffor
t dev
rait
plus
êt
re c
entré
sur l
e re
nfor
cem
ent d
e la
"Gou
vern
ance
loca
le"
Kof
i Ada
de D
ebra
h (P
lan
Gha
na
By
mak
ing
scho
lars
hips
ava
ilabl
e to
trai
n m
ore
peop
le a
t hig
her l
evel
s of e
duca
tion,
seek
ing
for f
unds
to su
ppor
t re
sear
ch; a
nd d
esig
ning
pro
gram
s and
supp
ortin
g it
with
the
appr
opria
te fu
ndin
g on
clim
ate
issu
es to
be
incl
uded
in
prim
ary
educ
atio
n so
that
chi
ldre
n w
ill g
row
into
env
ironm
enta
lly c
onsc
ious
adu
lts.
Ahm
adul
Has
san
(CEG
IS)
Clim
ate
chan
ge h
as th
ree
leve
l of i
ssue
s - c
ount
ry le
vel,
regi
onal
/bas
in le
vel a
nd g
loba
l lev
el. W
BG
can
pla
y im
pote
nt
role
in fa
cilit
atin
g an
d ne
gotia
ting
the
regi
onal
/bas
in is
sues
like
shar
ing
the
reso
urce
s (en
ergy
and
wat
er) a
nd k
now
ledg
e (in
form
atio
n an
d ex
perie
nces
). In
add
ition
al to
the
capa
city
dev
elop
men
t in
CC
mod
elin
g to
ass
ess t
he im
pact
s on
food
se
curit
y, e
nerg
y se
curit
y an
d liv
elih
ood.
.
Rob
ert
Vin
cin
(Vin
cin
Bin
Li E
nviro
nmen
t Te
chno
logy
Co
Ltd
(Chi
na)
Bill
Sm
ith (F
orm
er
Ban
k)
Due
to le
ngth
y co
mm
ents
, ple
ase
refe
r to
the
“ext
ensi
ve c
omm
ents
” at
end
of t
his s
ectio
n.
Mat
thew
Add
ison
(T
etra
Tec
h)
Leon
Kap
pelm
an
Dia
na F
erna
nda
Mon
tini (
Aso
ciac
ion
Bos
que
NN
M)
Cre
emos
que
el G
BM
de
la m
ejor
man
era
que
pued
e co
ntrib
uir e
n el
forta
leci
mie
nto
plan
tead
o, se
ría b
usca
ndo
y co
nvoc
ando
a in
terlo
cuto
res c
apac
itado
s, ho
nest
os y
resp
onza
bles
a e
mpr
ende
r ést
a ta
rea,
con
junt
amen
te c
on lo
s act
ores
a
quie
nes c
orre
spon
dería
llev
ar a
cab
o es
ta e
npre
sa.
21
5
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
Jorg
e D
anie
l Tai
llant
(C
ente
r for
Hum
an
Rig
hts a
nd
Envi
ronm
ent)
Due
to le
ngth
y co
mm
ents
, ple
ase
refe
r to
the
“ext
ensi
ve c
omm
ents
” at
end
of t
his s
ectio
n.
Mam
douh
G. S
alam
eh
(Oil
Mar
ket
Con
sulta
ncy
Serv
ice)
Prov
idin
g fu
ndin
g, tr
aini
ng a
nd su
perv
isio
n fo
r the
dep
loym
ent o
f clim
ate-
frie
ndly
tech
nolo
gies
in se
ctor
s suc
h as
en
ergy
, tra
nspo
rt, re
new
able
ene
rgy,
agr
icul
ture
and
wat
er d
esal
inat
ion
and
clea
n w
ater
.
Zak
Kul
berg
(I
ndep
ende
nt
Res
aerc
her)
The
wor
ld b
ank
shou
ld d
onat
e su
stai
nabl
e en
ergy
supp
lies t
o bi
odiv
erse
regi
ons w
here
oil
indu
stry
pro
duct
s are
st
rippi
ng th
e ec
onom
ies o
f mon
etar
y w
ealth
and
lead
ing
to ra
pid
reso
urce
exp
loita
tion.
Thi
s tre
nd is
ver
y co
mm
on in
In
done
sia.
The
re is
als
o a
huge
tren
d of
wea
lthh
loss
thro
ugh
tele
com
mun
icat
ions
. Cel
l pho
ne ti
me
is e
xpen
sive
in th
ese
biod
iver
se re
gion
s and
ther
e sh
ould
be
an in
cent
ives
pro
gram
bet
wee
n In
done
sian
cel
l pho
ne c
ompa
mie
s lik
e Si
mpa
ti an
d th
e W
orld
Ban
k to
off
er fr
ee te
leph
one
min
utes
for t
ree
plan
ting.
Add
ition
ally
, Wor
ld B
ank
shou
ld fi
nanc
e a
silv
icul
ture
(tre
e tis
sue
cultu
res)
pro
gram
to h
elp
prod
uce
the
smal
l tre
es n
eede
d fo
r rep
lant
ing.
Thi
s cou
ld b
e a
prog
ram
w
hich
mig
ht g
ive
econ
omic
gai
ns to
fore
st c
omm
uniti
es.
Save
is Jo
ze S
adeg
hian
(I
FAD
)
Judi
th K
lost
erm
ann
(WU
R-A
lterr
a)
Sim
one
Love
ra
(Sob
revi
venc
ia/F
riend
s of
the
Earth
-Par
agua
y
The
WB
G d
oes n
ot h
ave
a po
sitiv
e re
cord
on
clim
ate
chan
ge m
itiga
tion
or a
dapt
atio
n its
elf,
so th
e m
ain
chal
leng
e w
ill
be to
bui
ld th
e ca
paci
ty o
f Wor
ld B
ank
staf
f on
thes
e is
sues
. NG
O a
nd In
dige
nous
exp
erts
mig
ht b
e ab
le to
hel
p th
e W
orld
Ban
k to
bui
ld th
e ca
paci
ty o
f its
staf
f on
clim
ate
chan
ge is
sues
.
Xav
ier L
ecac
heur
(UK
D
FID
W
BG
can
send
stro
ng si
gnal
s by
adop
ting
clea
rer i
ncen
tives
with
in it
s net
wor
k, a
t H.O
. and
cou
ntry
leve
l for
"w
eath
er
and
disa
ster
- pr
oofin
g" it
s ow
n ac
tiviti
es: p
ortfo
lio re
tro-f
ittin
g, n
ew p
rogr
amm
es a
nd a
dvis
ory
serv
ices
.
Mar
ía E
mig
dalia
Es
pino
za d
e A
lvar
ado
(Min
iste
rio d
e Ed
ucat
ion)
Fom
enta
ndo
med
idas
par
a sa
lvar
lo q
ue a
ún n
os q
ueda
de
nues
tro h
ambi
ente
y a
yuda
r con
cap
acita
cion
es a
los p
aise
s m
ás p
obre
s y q
ue e
stos
se fo
rtale
scan
y si
gan
traba
jand
o p
ara
cotra
rest
ar e
l rec
alen
tam
ient
o gl
obal
, por
med
io d
e ca
mpa
ñas,
de n
o co
ntam
inar
, no
defo
rest
ar, e
tc.
Eliz
abet
h St
uart
(Okf
am In
tern
atio
nal)
Due
to le
ngth
y co
mm
ents
, ple
ase
refe
r to
the
“ext
ensi
ve c
omm
ents
” at
end
of t
his s
ectio
n.
Kim
anth
i MU
TUA
(K-
Asi
de fr
om sp
onso
ring
capa
city
bui
ldin
g ef
forts
the
Wor
ld B
ank
grou
p ca
n as
sist
furth
er a
s tra
iner
s and
faci
litat
ors,
21
6
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
Rep
Ban
k en
surin
g th
at th
e ca
paci
ty in
crem
ent i
n sk
ills a
mon
g th
e pu
blic
inst
itutio
n, c
orpo
rate
wor
ld o
r oth
erw
ise
is h
ence
in th
e ar
ea o
f clim
ate
frie
ndly
initi
ativ
es a
nd e
mpo
wer
men
t.
Yus
uf C
ICEK
(Priv
ate
Sect
or)
Var
ious
org
anis
atio
ns a
ll ov
er th
e w
orld
are
dea
ling
with
this
subj
ect i
ndiv
idiu
ally
sinc
e it
is re
lativ
ely
new
and
at
ract
ive.
How
ever
, cre
atio
n of
a c
omm
on sy
nerg
y is
lack
ing
in o
rder
to a
dequ
atel
y be
nefit
from
the
less
ons l
earn
t, st
udie
s, be
st p
ract
ices
and
succ
essf
ul im
plem
enta
tions
. Wor
ld B
ank
may
con
tribu
te o
r act
as a
cen
tral p
oint
to m
erge
and
di
strib
ute
the
effo
rts p
ut so
far o
n th
e su
bjec
t.
Om
ar K
han
(Uni
vers
ity o
f V
erm
ont)
By
play
ing
a fa
cilit
atio
n ro
le b
etw
een
loca
l act
ors-
prim
arily
NG
Os-
and
the
perc
eive
d po
wer
stru
ctur
es (e
.g. m
inis
tries
of
hea
lth a
nd fo
reig
n do
nors
)
MER
CY
ALM
ON
A-
ISEI
(Nig
eria
n H
ouse
of
Rep
rese
ntat
ives
It w
ill b
e ne
cess
ary
for t
he G
roup
to o
utlin
e its
inte
rven
tion
in a
mod
el th
at w
ill tr
aver
se v
irtua
lly e
very
sphe
re o
f hum
an
ende
avou
r. Ju
st li
ke th
e ru
ral p
oor h
ave
to b
e en
light
ened
on
way
s to
miti
gate
eff
ects
of c
limat
e ch
ange
, so
do
prof
essi
onal
s nee
d to
be
awar
e of
thei
r new
del
iver
able
s.
Emm
anue
l Odj
am-
Aku
amte
y (E
colo
gica
l R
esto
ratio
n)
Teki
sura
yya
Nat
iona
l In
stitu
te o
f Fin
anci
al
Man
agem
ent)
iden
tify
the
TOT
orga
niza
tions
, not
ify th
ose
capa
ble
inst
itutio
ns to
dis
sem
inat
ion
and
build
cap
city
of t
he c
once
rn
pers
onne
l.
Tani
m L
aila
(Ins
titut
e of
Moh
amm
ad)
WB
G n
eeds
to in
itiat
e kn
owle
dge
and
info
rmat
ion
base
for c
limat
e ch
ange
edu
catio
n on
inst
itutio
nal l
evel
and
pos
ition
it
as a
pro
cure
men
t age
nda
that
enc
ompa
sses
par
tner
ship
bet
wee
n th
e go
vern
men
t, ci
vil s
ocie
ty a
nd p
rivat
e se
ctor
ag
enci
es th
at h
as re
gion
al c
onno
tatio
n. I
n th
e lo
ng te
rm it
can
be
addr
esse
d th
roug
h a
cent
raliz
ed g
loba
l res
earc
h,
reso
urce
and
regu
lato
ry m
echa
nism
that
is m
anag
ed b
y th
e W
BG
and
add
ress
es is
sues
per
tain
ing
to p
eace
pro
cess
es
thro
ugh
food
, hab
itat,
educ
atio
n, h
ealth
and
env
ironm
ent s
ecur
ities
. A
nd o
ne o
f the
mea
ns o
f mob
ilizi
ng th
at is
m
axim
izin
g on
the
hand
s on
expe
rienc
e of
civ
il so
ciet
y se
ctor
in a
ny se
tting
. W
BG
nee
ds to
pla
y a
lead
role
for
build
ing
the
syne
rgie
bet
wee
n th
e th
ree
cate
gorie
s of c
ount
ries w
ho a
re si
gnat
ory
to th
e U
NFC
CC
.
Vic
tor R
aul A
roca
O
spin
a (F
unda
cion
Pr
osur
gir)
Dic
tand
o nu
evas
nor
mas
sobr
e el
man
ejo
de lo
s rec
urso
s, cr
eand
o un
a de
uda
ambi
enta
l que
deb
e se
r pag
ada
por l
os
pais
es c
onta
min
ante
s, es
nec
esar
io q
ue se
def
inan
pol
itica
s ser
ias e
n es
te a
sunt
o, p
ues u
na m
aner
a d
eequ
ilibr
ar lo
s ga
stos
oca
sion
ados
por
el c
ambi
o cl
imat
ico
es c
rean
do la
deu
da a
mbi
enta
l com
o m
ecan
ism
o pa
ra fo
rtale
cer l
os re
curs
os
dirig
idos
a lo
s paí
ses e
n de
sarr
ollo
par
a m
itiga
r y a
dapt
arse
a e
stos
cam
bios
.
Luis
Riv
era
(IN
CA
E C
apac
ity b
uild
ing
activ
ities
shou
ld in
corp
orat
e th
e pr
ivat
e se
ctor
as a
key
stak
ehol
der.
21
7
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
Bus
ines
s Sch
ool)
Mar
y A
nn R
ing
(Gen
eral
Ele
ctric
C
ompa
ny)
1) P
rom
otio
n of
Inte
llect
ual P
rope
rty R
ight
s Pro
tect
ion
--
Tom
Cor
selli
s (S
helte
r Cen
tre)
The
Wor
ld B
ank
Gro
up sh
ould
par
ticip
ate
with
gov
ernm
enta
l and
hum
anita
rian
stak
ehol
ders
in o
rder
to d
evel
op
natio
nal a
nd re
gion
al m
itiga
tion,
ada
ptat
ion
and
cont
inge
ncy
plan
s, ba
sed
upon
the
prac
tical
man
agem
ent o
f ris
k th
roug
h th
e m
itiga
tion
and
adap
tatio
n of
the
built
env
ironm
ent.
Thes
e pl
ans s
houl
d be
link
ed to
bot
h in
stitu
tiona
l su
ppor
t with
in g
over
nmen
ts a
nd m
obili
sing
add
ition
al c
once
ssio
nal f
inan
cing
and
priv
ate
sect
or in
vest
men
ts.
Mal
colm
Har
per
(Ind
epen
dent
) Pr
ovid
ing
and
diss
emin
atin
g ob
ject
ive
data
, as w
ith th
is m
ater
ial.
Tom
Sha
rman
(A
ctio
nAid
It
wou
ld b
e m
ore
appr
opria
te fo
r an
inst
itutio
n su
ch a
s the
UN
FCC
C se
cret
aria
t, U
NEP
or U
ND
P to
bui
ld c
apac
ity o
n cl
imat
e ch
ange
issu
es. T
he W
orld
Ban
k co
uld
give
thes
e or
gani
satio
ns th
e fu
ndin
g ne
eded
to c
arry
out
such
act
iviti
es.
Jose
Lui
s Sor
ia
Sanc
hez
(ass
ocia
cao
civi
l de
natu
reza
be
nefic
ente
)
Lide
rand
o la
s acc
ione
s gov
erna
men
tale
s e d
e la
soci
edad
e ci
vil c
omo
un to
do,q
ue d
evid
amen
te a
naliz
adas
, fav
orez
can
el
com
bate
y e
nfre
ntam
ient
o de
las m
udan
zas c
limat
icas
.
Moh
amm
ad Z
aman
(F
reel
ance
Con
sulta
nt)
Prov
ide
long
-term
tech
nica
l ass
ista
nce
to b
uild
cap
acity
- hu
man
and
inst
itutio
nal.
Als
o, g
ive
atte
ntio
n to
gov
erna
nce,
ge
nder
and
oth
er so
cial
dim
ensi
on o
f dev
elop
men
t.
Car
los A
gene
si
(Int
erre
ligio
us C
ounc
il of
Mex
ico)
Fina
nce
educ
atio
nal m
ater
ials
and
invi
te re
ligio
us o
rgan
izat
ions
to p
reac
h th
e ne
ed to
be
carb
on n
eutra
l thr
ough
co2
of
fset
s in
fore
sts a
nd p
over
ty re
duct
ion.
Staf
ford
“D
oc”
W
illia
mso
n (D
aoC
hi
Ener
gy o
f Ariz
ona)
To b
uild
cap
acity
on
the
basi
s of l
ocal
ities
WB
G sh
ould
con
side
r co-
optin
g lo
cal b
usin
esse
s, w
hich
is to
say,
regi
onal
an
d na
tiona
l sca
le b
usin
esse
s (no
t the
mom
-and
-pop
cor
ner s
tore
loca
tions
), to
do
the
"sal
es"
job
them
selv
es.
That
is to
sa
y, b
y m
akin
g th
e ca
se to
bus
ines
ses t
hat p
repa
ratio
n fo
r com
ing
effe
cts o
f clim
ate
chan
ge, a
nd th
e ad
apta
tions
bei
ng
adop
ted
to m
itiga
te th
e ef
fect
s is c
ruci
al to
the
surv
ival
of t
heir
own
busi
ness
es.
Her
e is
a fa
irly
conc
rete
exa
mpl
e, b
ut it
is
inte
nded
onl
y as
an
exam
ple,
and
the
mod
el sh
ould
be
appl
ied
to a
ll m
ajor
sect
ors o
f com
mer
ce in
the
sam
e cr
oss-
sect
oral
man
ner.
May
Jeon
g (W
orld
B
ank
You
th
Dev
elop
men
t & P
eace
Pres
iden
t Zoe
lick'
s Bal
i Bre
akfa
st is
an
exce
llent
way
in w
hich
the
Ban
k ca
n le
vera
ge it
s eff
orts
to b
ridge
gap
s and
fill
in v
oids
that
inte
rgov
ernm
enta
l pro
cess
es c
an o
ften
leav
e ex
pose
d.
21
8
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
Net
wor
k)
Cec
ilia
Embr
ee
(Coo
lClim
ate
LLC
) Th
e IB
RD
is b
est e
quip
ped
for t
his w
ithin
the
WB
G.
The
WB
Insi
tute
has
pla
yed
som
e ro
le.
IBR
D c
ould
wor
k w
ith
gove
rnm
ents
to b
uild
out
the
gove
rnm
ent i
nfra
stru
ctur
e to
col
lect
bet
ter i
nfor
mat
ion,
mon
itor a
nd b
uild
the
nece
ssar
y da
ta b
ases
to b
ette
r res
pond
.
sid
boub
ekeu
r (C
ente
r fo
r the
Dev
elop
men
t of
Ent
erpr
ise)
iden
tify
tech
nica
l cen
ter,
train
ing
inst
itude
s, un
iver
sitie
s in
deve
lopi
ng a
nd e
mer
ging
cou
ntrie
s whi
ch c
an p
rom
ote
ener
gy e
ffic
ienc
y an
d se
nsiti
ze a
utho
ritie
s, in
dust
ry le
ader
s... o
n en
viro
nmen
t pro
tect
ion.
Fred
e B
oste
en (D
STC
) In
Gha
na D
eng
Ltd
has e
stab
lishe
d D
STC
sola
r tra
inin
g C
entre
. WB
can
con
tribu
te b
y pr
ovid
ing
Gra
nts f
or
Scho
lars
hips
and
exp
antio
n in
to tr
aini
ng o
f oth
er re
new
able
ene
rgie
s. V
isit
ww
w.d
sts-
afric
a.co
m W
B c
an a
lso
offe
r fin
anci
al su
ppor
t to
Ass
ocia
tions
like
Ass
ocia
tion
of G
hana
Sol
ar In
dust
ries.
Ger
ald
Wes
t (G
eorg
etow
n U
nive
ssity
)
See
abov
e re
spon
ses.
Ray
Hol
land
(GTZ
/EU
Pr
ojec
t)
Kei
th O
pens
haw
(R
etire
d)
In m
any
deve
lopi
ng c
ount
ries,
ther
e ar
e co
nflic
ts b
etw
een
and
with
in g
over
enm
ent m
inis
tries
and
som
etim
es b
etw
een
natio
nal a
nd in
tern
atio
nal N
GO
s and
Gov
ernm
ents
. Get
ting
such
bod
ies t
o ha
ve u
nifie
d ob
ject
ives
is c
ruci
al in
ad
dres
sing
clim
ate
chan
ge.
Staf
ford
Will
iam
son
(Will
iam
son
Info
rmat
ion
Tech
nolo
gies
Cor
p.)
The
WB
G c
ould
est
ablis
h a
com
mun
icat
ions
infr
astru
ctur
e th
roug
h w
hich
it fr
eque
nly
cons
ulte
d w
ith se
nior
gov
ernm
ent
bure
aucr
ats (
wee
kly,
per
haps
) and
min
iste
rs (m
onth
ly?)
via
tele
conf
eren
ces (
low
car
bn fo
otpr
int),
whi
ch w
ould
at
min
imum
est
ablis
h a
hub
of c
omm
unic
atio
ns in
fras
truct
ure
with
in th
e go
vern
men
t and
bet
wee
n th
e go
vern
men
t and
the
outs
ide
wor
ld.
Arle
en S
eed
W
e ca
n ra
ise
awar
enes
s of e
Was
te, c
ondu
ct tr
aini
ng p
rogr
ams a
long
with
org
aniz
atio
ns su
ch a
s EPA
, set
upr
ecyc
ling
cent
ers a
nd so
on.
Ado
lfo B
erch
eñi
(Con
tinen
tal N
EA)
Apo
yand
o en
form
a di
rect
a pr
oyec
tos y
pro
gram
as re
laci
onad
os a
dem
as d
e fo
rtale
cer l
a ca
paci
dad
de la
s ins
tituc
ione
s en
el d
esar
rollo
pro
fesi
onal
esp
ecifi
co.-
Susa
nna
Nils
son
(Sid
a)
see
no 6
Sidd
appa
Bag
alko
ti (K
arna
tak
Uni
vers
ity,
awar
enes
s bui
ldin
g an
d fu
ndin
g, e
spec
ially
in th
e m
ost v
ulne
rabl
e an
d po
or c
ount
ries.
21
9
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
Dha
rwad
) Le
on K
appe
lman
(U
viv
of T
exas
Pier
re-O
livie
r Pin
eau
(HEC
Mon
treal
) B
y re
cogn
izin
g lo
cal e
xper
ts a
nd su
ppor
ting
them
(eve
n if
they
are
not
in a
pow
ergu
l or i
n a
good
pol
itica
l situ
atio
n).
Ram
esha
Cha
ndra
ppa
(Kar
anat
aka
Stat
e Po
llutio
n C
ontro
l B
oard
, Ind
ia)
Wor
ld b
ank
can
laun
ch o
nlin
e co
urse
s.
Rav
indr
a K
olha
pure
(R
SR G
loba
l Vis
ion)
W
orld
Ban
k G
roup
can
ven
ture
with
a st
rong
glo
bal f
ocus
. To
conn
ect S
MEs
priv
ate
sect
ors a
nd m
ajor
wea
lth c
reat
ors
all a
roun
d th
e w
orld
as c
omm
itmen
t and
mak
ing
the
wor
ld a
bet
ter p
lace
to li
ve in
thro
ugh
this
nob
le e
ndea
vour
is o
ur
mis
sion
. With
role
as f
acili
tato
rs to
clim
ate
chan
ge, t
he c
ruci
al ta
sk o
f brin
ging
the
top
deci
sion
-mak
ers a
nd
entre
pren
eurs
from
diff
eren
t par
ts o
f the
glo
be fa
ce to
face
with
the
offic
ial a
nd b
usin
ess c
omm
unity
thr
ough
our
tra
nsco
ntin
enta
l pla
tform
.
Ang
elin
e C
ione
(Our
Ta
sk)
By
focu
sing
on
educ
atio
n as
a k
ey m
etho
d fo
r dev
elop
men
t, an
d by
ens
urin
g th
at e
duca
tion
incl
udes
lear
ning
abo
ut
glob
al is
sues
like
clim
ate
chan
ge, t
he W
orld
Ban
k ca
n en
sure
that
cou
ntrie
s foc
us o
n ca
paci
ty b
uild
ing
thro
ugh
educ
atio
n pr
ojec
ts.
Serc
il To
kogl
u (D
evel
opm
ent B
ank
of
Turk
ey)
The
Wor
ld B
ank
shou
ld g
ive
gran
ts o
r at l
east
shou
ld le
nd to
bui
ld c
apac
ity th
e re
leva
nt o
rgan
izat
ions
of e
ach
coun
tries
in
term
s of c
limat
e ch
ange
. Th
e W
orld
Ban
k sh
ould
als
o gi
ve te
chni
cal a
ssis
tanc
e w
hen
it is
nee
ded.
Alb
ert I
lem
obad
e (U
plin
e R
esou
rces
Fo
unda
tion)
Thro
ugh
both
pol
icy
inst
rum
ents
and
dire
ct in
volv
emen
t.
Wilh
elm
Nor
bert
(Gro
ntm
i_B
GS
Con
sulta
nts)
a) S
ee N
o 1,
usi
ng N
GO
s for
exa
mpl
e as
mul
tiplie
rs.
Gör
an E
k (S
wed
ish
Soci
ety
for N
atur
e C
onse
rvat
ion)
Firs
tly, t
he B
ank'
s clim
ate
inve
stm
ent p
ortfo
lio st
ill fa
vour
s lar
ge-s
cale
hyd
ropo
wer
pro
ject
s and
/or u
ncer
tain
and
ex
pens
ive
tech
nolo
gica
l opt
ions
in a
cces
s and
low
-car
bon
proj
ects
. Eve
n m
ore
unfo
rtuna
tely
, con
side
rabl
e re
sour
ces a
re
still
allo
cate
d to
foss
il-fu
el b
ased
inst
alla
tions
and
pro
ject
s.
22
0
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
areg
e D
ougl
as (K
enya
Y
oung
Gre
en
Gre
ens/
Glo
bal Y
outh
G
reen
s)
Nik
hil D
esai
(Wor
ld
Ban
k)
A d
emys
tific
atio
n pr
ogra
m fo
r IPC
C sc
ienc
e, p
erha
ps?
How
man
y pe
ople
kno
w th
e di
ffer
ence
bet
wee
n w
hat I
PCC
re
ally
says
and
wha
t is h
yped
by
vest
ed in
tere
sts i
n m
edia
and
con
sulti
ng re
ports
?
Cés
ar S
ilvio
Gra
nado
s R
afae
l (U
nivf
ersi
dad
Ala
s Per
uana
s-A
yacu
cho)
Inte
rioriz
ando
en
la h
uman
idad
los p
robl
emas
del
cm
abio
clim
átic
o m
edia
nte
educ
ació
n in
tens
iva
orie
ntad
a ha
cia
el
cuid
ado
del a
mbi
ente
y e
l cam
bio
de h
ábito
s de
vive
ncia
que
resp
eten
la n
atur
alez
a.
Sabi
ne O
hm (P
rovi
eh-
Vgt
M e
.V.
Hel
ping
loca
l far
mer
s' co
mm
uniti
es /o
rgan
isat
ions
to u
se th
e au
toch
tono
us, a
dapt
ed p
lant
s and
spec
ies f
or fo
od
prod
uctio
n (a
lso
by im
prov
ing
prod
uctiv
ity th
roug
h na
tura
l bre
edin
g te
chni
ques
)
G y
Srik
anth
a R
eddy
(I
ndiv
idua
l) by
edu
catin
g pe
ople
, gov
ts,n
go,u
nive
rsiti
es,sc
hool
chi
ldre
n.co
mpr
ehen
sive
med
ia u
sage
at l
ocal
, reg
iona
l,nat
iona
l lev
els
Nov
a Te
ddy
Cha
rissa
(I
ndon
esia
Coo
rdin
ator
M
inis
try to
Eco
nom
ic
Aff
airs
)
the
WB
G c
ould
con
tribu
te a
gain
, as t
he m
ain
dono
r.
Satu
rnin
o Ji
men
ez
(Ind
epen
dien
te)
Ofr
ecie
ndo
curs
os, t
alle
res y
pro
yect
os d
e ca
paci
taci
ón q
ue g
ener
e un
inte
rcam
bio
perm
anen
te d
e in
form
ació
n so
bre
proy
ecto
s.
Fern
ando
Man
tova
ni
(Vita
lize
Am
bien
tal
Ind.
E C
om. L
tda)
Dud
ley
Ach
u Sa
ma
(Val
das &
Co.
Ltd
.) SI
MIL
AR
AN
SWER
TO
QU
ESTI
ON
1. A
BO
VE:
(i)M
AIN
STR
EAM
CLI
MA
TE C
HA
NG
E IN
MA
CR
OEC
ON
OM
IC
DEV
ELO
PMEN
T PO
LIC
IES,
(ii)S
HO
W O
PPO
RTU
NIT
IES
FOR
PR
IVA
TE S
ECTO
R IN
VO
LVEM
ENT;
(ii
i)STR
ENG
THEN
AN
ALY
TIC
AL
CA
PAB
ILIT
IES
FOR
DEC
ISIO
N-M
AK
ING
Dal
ia E
ssm
at
(Eng
inee
ring
Task
G
roup
)
The
WB
mus
t hav
e a
prog
ram
to tr
ain
the
gove
rnm
enta
l off
icer
s how
to im
plem
ent s
uch
stra
tegy
, an
d w
hat a
re th
e pr
ojec
ts th
ey n
eed
to is
sue
, and
how
to fi
nanc
e it.
22
1
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
Aha
du S
elas
sie
(SEE
&
DO
USA
Fo
unda
tion)
Und
enia
bly,
The
Wor
ld B
ank
can
play
a v
ital r
ole
in c
onne
ctin
g se
vera
l ins
titut
ions
and
brin
ing
them
to o
ne g
oal,
prot
ectin
g th
e en
viro
nmen
t. Th
e W
B g
roup
can
be
reso
urce
for t
hose
smal
l lev
el o
rgan
izat
ions
and
em
pow
er th
em a
nd
dict
ate
thei
r age
nda.
Tha
nk y
ou!
Car
ol T
urle
y (P
lym
outh
Mar
ine
Labo
rabo
ry)
Prom
ote
and
spon
ser f
ello
wsh
ips/
stud
ents
hips
bet
wee
n co
untri
es/re
gion
s. Sp
onso
r lon
g te
rm ti
me
serie
s in
deve
lopi
ng
coun
tries
as t
hey
have
littl
e or
no
back
grou
n da
ta u
pon
whi
ch to
ass
ess i
mpa
cts o
f clim
ate
chan
ge (a
nd th
eref
ore
to
asse
ss a
dapt
atio
n/m
itiga
tion
met
hods
/leve
ls).
6. O
ther
issu
es?
Mel
Eva
ns (P
lan
B)
For t
he W
BG
to tr
uly
tack
le th
e la
rges
t pro
blem
it fa
ces i
t mus
t be
part
of th
e so
lutio
n, n
ot p
art o
f the
pro
blem
; it m
ust
phas
e ou
t all
foss
il fu
el fu
ndin
g.
Smita
Nak
hood
a (W
orld
Res
ourc
es
Inst
itute
)
he S
trate
gic
Fram
ewor
k on
Clim
ate
Cha
nge
and
Dev
elop
men
t (SF
CC
D) p
rese
nts a
n im
porta
nt o
ppor
tuni
ty to
brin
g th
e co
re a
ctiv
ities
of t
he B
ank
Gro
up in
to g
reat
er a
lignm
ent w
ith th
e tw
in g
oals
of c
limat
e m
itiga
tion
and
adap
tatio
n. A
s the
st
rate
gy n
otes
, clim
ate
chan
ge is
not
a n
ew a
gend
a fo
r the
Wor
ld B
ank.
The
re a
re m
any
exam
ples
of s
trong
pra
ctic
es to
in
corp
orat
e cl
imat
e ch
ange
con
sider
atio
ns in
to d
ecis
ion-
mak
ing
into
Cou
ntry
Stra
tegi
es a
nd p
roje
cts,
but o
vera
ll th
e B
ank’
s rec
ord
on th
ese
issu
es re
mai
ns m
ixed
. The
prio
rity
obje
ctiv
e of
the
SFC
CD
shou
ld b
e to
mak
e th
ese
exam
ples
of
stro
ng p
ract
ice
univ
ersa
l. In
scal
ing
up o
pera
tiona
l app
roac
hes t
o in
tegr
ate
adap
tatio
n an
d m
itiga
tion
in d
evel
opm
ent
stra
tegi
es, a
key
cha
lleng
e w
ill b
e to
inte
grat
e th
ese
cons
ider
atio
ns sy
stem
atic
ally
into
the
desi
gn a
nd im
plem
enta
tion
of
actu
al p
roje
cts.
Giv
en it
s mul
ti-se
ctor
al e
xper
tise,
the
Ban
k ca
n pl
ay a
val
uabl
e ro
le in
faci
litat
ing
cros
s-se
ctor
al
initi
ativ
es a
roun
d in
fras
truct
ure,
nat
ural
reso
urce
man
agem
ent,
as w
ell a
s ris
k an
d di
sast
er m
anag
emen
t.
Nic
k W
elch
(Roy
al
Dut
ch S
hell
plc)
Milt
on D
evad
osan
(T
he B
ridge
Fo
unda
tion)
In d
evel
opin
g co
untri
es th
e co
mm
on p
eopl
e ar
e st
rugg
ling
to m
eet l
ife’s
bas
ic w
ants
, whe
reas
the
mid
dle
clas
s and
the
rich
both
in d
evel
opin
g an
d de
velo
ped
coun
tries
are
acc
usto
med
to lu
xurio
us li
fest
yle.
As a
resu
lt in
the
race
to fu
lfill
each
one
’s se
lf in
tere
st, p
eopl
e ne
ver e
ver t
o bo
ther
abo
ut th
e se
rious
impl
icat
ions
of t
heir
actio
ns.
Hen
ce it
is im
porta
nt
to b
ring
first
aw
aren
ess a
mon
g th
e pe
ople
abo
ut c
limat
e ch
ange
and
the
fact
ors c
ontri
butin
g to
war
ds it
.
Rya
n Ly
nch
(Mic
ro
Insu
ranc
e A
genc
y)
John
Cai
n (C
hevr
on
Cor
pora
tion)
Th
e C
once
pt a
nd Is
sues
Pap
er st
ates
that
the
WB
G m
ay se
rve
as a
n “i
mpa
rtial
ana
lyst
” to
hel
p co
untri
es u
nder
stan
d th
e im
plic
atio
ns o
f diff
eren
t glo
bal p
olic
ies.
Dev
elop
ing
solu
tions
of t
he sc
ale
requ
ired
by th
e cl
imat
e ch
ange
cha
lleng
e w
ill
be a
com
plex
end
eavo
r. T
he W
BG
shou
ld re
min
d its
gov
ernm
enta
l par
tner
s tha
t it i
s vita
lly im
porta
nt to
und
erst
and
and
fully
com
mun
icat
e th
e ec
onom
ic a
nd so
ciet
al c
osts
of v
ario
us p
olic
ies a
nd th
e pr
ojec
ted
envi
ronm
enta
l ben
efits
, bot
h in
22
2
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
the
near
term
and
the
long
term
, so
we
can
agre
e on
solu
tions
that
are
fair,
bal
ance
d an
d ef
fect
ive.
The
redu
ctio
n of
gr
eenh
ouse
gas
es m
ust b
e sh
ared
equ
itabl
y by
all
the
top
emitt
ing
coun
tries
of t
he w
orld
thro
ugh
long
-term
coo
rdin
ated
na
tiona
l fra
mew
orks
.
Shei
la P
age
(Ove
rsea
s D
evel
opm
ent I
nstit
ute)
Y
our m
anda
te is
dev
elop
men
t. K
eep
this
cle
ar.
Sibi
ri Je
an Z
OU
ND
I (O
ECD
) L'
enje
u pr
inci
pal d
emeu
re l'
inté
grat
ion
de la
que
stio
n "c
hang
emen
t clim
atiq
ue"
dans
les p
oliti
ques
et s
traté
gies
de
déve
lopp
emen
t". C
omm
ent y
arr
iver
? C
ette
que
stio
n co
nstit
ue le
déf
i prin
cipa
l à re
leve
r
Kof
i Ada
de D
ebra
h (P
lan
Gha
na
The
Wor
ld B
ank
Gro
up sh
ould
ens
ure
the
effe
ctiv
e im
plem
enta
tion
of su
ch p
rogr
ams a
t the
low
est l
evel
thro
ugh
effe
ctiv
e m
onito
ring
and
rew
ard
or p
rovi
de in
cent
ives
to c
ount
ries t
hat a
re se
rious
with
env
ironm
enta
l con
serv
atio
n is
sues
whi
le sa
nctio
ning
thos
e w
ho d
o no
t per
form
.
Ahm
adul
Has
san
(CEG
IS)
Lot o
f ini
tiativ
es g
oing
on,
nee
d m
ore
harm
oniz
atio
n an
d co
ordi
natio
n fo
r eff
ectiv
e us
e of
reso
urce
s for
the
bene
fit o
f po
or.
Rob
ert
Vin
cin
(Vin
cin
Bin
Li E
nviro
nmen
t Te
chno
logy
Co
Ltd
(Chi
na)
Bill
Sm
ith (F
orm
er
Ban
k)
Due
to le
ngth
y co
mm
ents
, ple
ase
refe
r to
the
“ext
ensi
ve c
omm
ents
” at
end
of t
his s
ectio
n.
Mat
thew
Add
ison
(T
etra
Tec
h)
The
docu
men
t is v
ery
good
and
, no
doub
t, it
is n
ot p
ossi
ble
to a
ddre
ss a
ll is
sues
inde
pth.
One
asp
ect t
hat s
eem
s to
be
mis
sed
or o
nly
tang
entia
lly a
ddre
ssed
is th
e po
tent
ial i
mpa
ct o
f pol
itica
l sta
bilit
y as
a re
sult
of c
limat
e in
duce
d m
igra
tion,
refu
gees
or t
he li
ke.
Clim
ate
rela
ted
mig
ratio
n is
men
tione
d on
ce b
ut it
doe
s not
app
ear t
o be
in th
is c
onte
xt.
The
pote
ntia
l for
clim
ate
rela
ted
trans
bord
er m
igra
tion
to p
lace
ext
raor
dina
ry p
ress
ure
on su
rrou
ndin
g co
untri
es'
polit
ical
and
eco
nom
ic st
abili
ty is
sign
ifica
nt a
nd th
e B
ank'
s pro
gram
will
reco
gniz
e, if
not
now
then
late
r, th
e ne
ed to
ad
dres
s thi
s.
Leon
Kap
pelm
an
> --
----
- For
war
ded
mes
sage
follo
ws -
----
--
Dia
na F
erna
nda
Mon
tini (
Aso
ciac
ion
Bos
que
NN
M)
Vem
os m
uy p
ositi
va e
l int
eres
en
cono
cer l
a op
inió
n de
ON
Gs,
inst
ituci
ones
y o
tras,
de c
omo
el G
BM
pue
de o
ptim
izar
su
trab
ajo
resp
ecto
del
cam
bio
clim
átic
o. S
ería
impo
rtant
e y
mot
oriz
ador
que
con
est
e m
ism
o m
ecan
ism
o no
s pr
egun
tase
n co
mo
noso
tros ,
con
su a
poyo
, pod
riam
os tr
abaj
ar p
ara
tal f
in. E
n nu
estro
cas
o pa
rticu
lar:
con
prog
ram
as d
e fo
rest
ació
n y
com
batie
ndo
los d
esm
onte
s.
22
3
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
Jorg
e D
anie
l Tai
llant
(C
ente
r for
Hum
an
Rig
hts a
nd
Envi
ronm
ent)
.
Mam
douh
G. S
alam
eh
(Oil
Mar
ket
Con
sulta
ncy
Serv
ice)
Zak
Kul
berg
(I
ndep
ende
nt
Res
aerc
her)
Com
mun
ities
that
thriv
e on
reso
urce
exp
loita
tion
need
to h
ave
fund
ing
for a
cade
mic
s whi
ch e
xpre
ss a
ltern
ativ
e vi
ews
and
prov
ide
mod
es to
supp
ort l
earn
ing
for e
nviro
nmen
tal c
onse
rvat
ion
and
wis
e re
sour
ce u
se. T
he a
rea
of E
ast
Kal
iman
tan
and
the
who
le o
f the
Cor
al T
riang
le in
Sou
thea
st A
sia
supp
orts
a d
ispr
opor
tiona
te a
mou
nt o
f life
on
earth
an
d th
ere
shou
ld li
kew
ise
be a
dis
prop
ortio
nate
am
ount
of f
undi
ng to
cou
nter
the
ecol
ogic
al d
estru
ctio
n of
thes
e ar
eas.
Take
a lo
ok a
t the
cos
t of e
duca
tion
in In
done
sia,
the
annu
al in
com
es o
f Ind
ones
ians
, and
whe
re th
e m
oney
for s
choo
l us
ually
com
es fr
om. T
he re
ality
is th
at o
il in
dust
ry a
nd fo
rest
ry jo
bs a
re p
ayin
g fo
r edu
catio
n of
the
next
gen
erat
ion
of
stud
ents
... so
ther
e is
a h
eavy
bia
s to
teac
h ac
cept
abili
ty o
f oil
and
fore
stry
pra
ctic
es. T
here
nee
d to
be
maj
or fu
nds f
or
stud
ents
that
do
not c
ome
from
fam
ilies
supp
orte
d by
thes
e in
dust
ries,
and
likew
ise,
fina
ncia
l sup
port
for t
he u
nive
rsity
ed
ucat
ion
syst
ems m
ust l
oose
n or
relie
ve th
eir l
inks
with
fore
stry
and
oil
com
pani
es.
Save
is Jo
ze S
adeg
hian
(I
FAD
) C
ould
you
ple
ase
prov
ide
me
the
nam
es/c
onta
ct o
f the
team
taki
ng c
are
of th
e W
B'S
Stra
tegi
c Fr
amew
ork
on C
limat
e C
hang
e an
d D
evel
opm
ent?
Judi
th K
lost
erm
ann
(WU
R-A
lterr
a)
Sim
one
Love
ra
(Sob
revi
venc
ia/F
riend
s of
the
Earth
-Par
agua
y
Xav
ier L
ecac
heur
(UK
D
FID
- A
void
"do
om a
nd g
loom
" la
ngua
ge b
ut h
ighl
ight
opp
ortu
nitie
s whe
n di
alog
uing
with
priv
ate
and
finan
cial
sect
ors;
Mar
ía E
mig
dalia
Es
pino
za d
e A
lvar
ado
(Min
iste
rio d
e Ed
ucat
ion)
Me
gust
aría
par
ticip
ar e
n al
guna
agr
upac
ión
que
me
pued
a ay
udar
a c
ocie
zar a
nue
stro
s est
udia
ntes
a c
uida
r lo
que
dios
no
s dej
o qu
e no
es m
as q
ue la
her
enci
a de
nue
stro
s nie
tos y
tata
rani
etos
, la
tier
ra s
impl
emen
te la
adm
inis
tram
os y
pa
rece
que
no
lo e
stam
os h
acie
ndo
bien
.
Eliz
abet
h St
uart
22
4
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
(Okf
am In
tern
atio
nal)
Kim
anth
i MU
TUA
(K-
Rep
Ban
k
Yus
uf C
ICEK
(Priv
ate
Sect
or)
Incr
asin
g aw
aren
ess o
n th
e su
bjec
t is n
ot m
entio
nd o
n th
e St
rate
gic
Fram
ewor
k do
cum
ent a
s req
uire
d. C
onsi
derin
g th
at
mos
tly a
ffec
ted
popu
latio
ns a
re w
orld
s' po
ores
t cou
ntrie
s suf
ferin
g fr
om v
ario
us m
an m
ade
disa
ster
s bes
ide
the
natu
ral
disa
ster
s. C
limat
e ch
ange
in m
any
poor
cou
ntrie
s whi
ch m
ostly
aff
ectd
is n
ot a
num
ber o
ne p
riorit
y is
sue.
So,
aw
aren
ss
prog
ram
mes
shou
ld b
e pl
ace
in p
rior t
o an
y ot
her a
ctio
n. F
urth
erm
ore,
a sp
ecifi
c im
porta
nce
shou
ld b
e gi
ven
to th
e m
ost
affe
cted
par
ties s
uch
as d
isab
le p
eopl
e, w
omen
and
chi
ldre
en.
Om
ar K
han
(Uni
vers
ity o
f V
erm
ont)
MER
CY
ALM
ON
A-
ISEI
(Nig
eria
n H
ouse
of
Rep
rese
ntat
ives
Afr
ica,
we
all k
now
, is e
xpec
ted
to b
e ha
rdes
t hit
by g
loba
l war
min
g. S
adly
- an
d iro
nica
lly -
it is
the
cont
inen
t lea
st
prep
ard
to c
ope
with
dro
ught
s,flo
ods a
nd e
xtre
me
wea
ther
pre
dict
ed b
y cl
imat
atol
ogis
ts. C
limat
e ch
ange
may
alre
ady
be
chan
ging
Afr
ica's
eco
logy
.
Emm
anue
l Odj
am-
Aku
amte
y (E
colo
gica
l R
esto
ratio
n)
Teki
sura
yya
Nat
iona
l In
stitu
te o
f Fin
anci
al
Man
agem
ent)
enco
urge
men
t for
dev
elop
ing
and
prom
otin
g fo
rest
s, tre
es o
utsi
de fo
rest
. aw
ards
for c
ount
ries h
avin
g la
rge
fore
st c
over
Tani
m L
aila
(Ins
titut
e of
Moh
amm
ad)
WB
G n
eeds
to e
nlar
ge it
s neg
otia
tion
and
delib
erat
ion
role
spec
ifica
lly fo
r cou
ntrie
s tha
t hav
e no
t con
cede
d to
the
Bal
i co
nven
tion.
It m
ust a
ddre
ss th
e is
sue
of c
limat
e ch
ange
in th
e co
ntex
t of p
over
ty, h
uman
dev
elop
men
t and
secu
rity
and
peac
e pr
oces
ses b
y di
min
ishi
ng th
e de
fere
ntia
ls th
at se
para
te th
e re
gion
s. W
BG
mus
t pro
vide
con
certe
d an
d w
ell
artic
ulat
ed e
ffor
ts to
impl
emen
t the
SFC
CD
in a
man
ner t
hat t
he sc
ales
are
pro
porti
onat
e to
the
felt
impa
ct o
f clim
ate
chan
ge.
And
mos
t im
porta
ntly
to in
tens
ely
educ
ate
the
mos
t vul
nera
ble
coun
tries
that
are
a b
lend
of I
DA
& IB
RD
co
untri
es w
ith th
e ai
m o
f ext
ensi
ve in
volv
emen
t as s
take
hold
ers i
n th
e po
licy
and
stra
tegi
c fr
amew
ork
for
impl
emen
tatio
n.
Vic
tor R
aul A
roca
O
spin
a (F
unda
cion
Pr
osur
gir)
22
5
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
Luis
Riv
era
(IN
CA
E B
usin
ess S
choo
l) M
ore
appl
ied
rese
arch
is n
eces
sary
. Not
onl
y ac
adem
ic a
nd sc
ient
ific
wor
k. K
ey d
ecis
ion
mak
ers n
eed
mor
e do
wn-
to-
earth
info
rmat
ion.
How
doe
s clim
ate
chan
ge a
fect
my
prof
itabi
lity?
(in
case
of a
bus
ines
s per
son)
, or h
ow m
uch
mor
e re
sour
ces w
ould
I ne
ed to
enh
ance
ada
ptat
ive
capa
citie
s in
my
prov
ince
? (in
the
case
of a
maj
or),
are
the
kind
of
ques
tions
that
requ
ire d
irect
and
acc
urat
e an
swer
s in
deve
lopi
ng c
ount
ries.
Mar
y A
nn R
ing
(Gen
eral
Ele
ctric
C
ompa
ny)
[no
com
men
ts]
Tom
Cor
selli
s (S
helte
r Cen
tre)
Mal
colm
Har
per
(Ind
epen
dent
)
Tom
Sha
rman
(A
ctio
nAid
N
o.
Jose
Lui
s Sor
ia
Sanc
hez
(ass
ocia
cao
civi
l de
natu
reza
be
nefic
ente
)
Cre
ar u
n C
onse
jo M
undi
al D
elib
erat
ivo,
al q
ual s
eria
n so
met
idos
los p
roje
ctos
con
tra e
l com
bate
a la
s mud
anza
s cl
imat
icas
, for
mad
o po
r ins
tituc
ione
s ser
ias,
sem
vin
cula
ción
pol
itica
alg
una,
que
exi
giria
de
los g
obie
rnos
sua
cola
bora
ción
ple
na e
n ta
les p
roje
ctos
.
Moh
amm
ad Z
aman
(F
reel
ance
Con
sulta
nt)
Prio
ritiz
e in
terv
entio
ns, b
ased
on
loca
l nee
ds o
f dev
elop
ing
coun
tries
. Sm
all i
slan
d co
untri
es, c
ount
ries w
ith la
rge
coas
tal z
ones
(e.g
., B
angl
ades
h) sh
ould
get
attn
etio
n. A
bout
23%
of B
angl
ades
h is
crit
ical
ly v
ulne
rabl
e to
sea
leve
l ris
e an
d w
ill b
e pe
rman
ently
floo
ded,
acc
ordi
ng to
man
y ex
perts
, by
2030
dis
plac
ing
an e
stim
ated
40
mill
ion
peop
le a
t cu
rren
t fig
ures
. Unf
ortu
nate
ly, 2
030
is a
roun
d th
e co
rner
! We
mus
t mov
e fa
st a
nd a
ct q
uick
ly. T
ime
is ru
nnin
g ou
t. M
ains
tream
clim
ate
chan
ge a
dapt
atio
n in
dev
elop
men
t pro
ject
s in
agric
ultu
re, i
nfra
stru
ctur
e, u
rban
/indu
stria
l de
velo
pmen
t, po
verty
redu
ctio
n, h
ealth
, edu
catio
n, a
nd h
uman
settl
emen
ts to
dev
elop
a m
ore
sust
aina
ble
way
of l
ife.
Car
los A
gene
si
(Int
erre
ligio
us C
ounc
il of
Mex
ico)
Staf
ford
“D
oc”
W
illia
mso
n (D
aoC
hi
Ener
gy o
f Ariz
ona)
Whe
n po
ssib
le W
BG
shou
ld e
ncou
rage
OEC
D, P
REM
and
oth
er a
genc
ies h
avin
g m
ore
loca
l or m
ore
focu
sed
man
date
s th
at a
re c
onsi
sten
t with
bot
h th
e m
illen
ium
and
WB
G st
anda
rds a
nd o
bjec
tives
, not
to w
ait f
or fi
nal a
ppro
vals
of t
his
docu
men
t, bu
t rat
her t
o fo
rge
ahea
d, te
st th
e w
ater
s and
try
to a
ccom
plis
h as
muc
h as
they
can
, esp
ecia
lly w
ith re
spec
t to
agric
ultu
ral a
nd e
nerg
y in
nova
tions
.
22
6
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
May
Jeon
g (W
orld
B
ank
You
th
Dev
elop
men
t & P
eace
N
etw
ork)
Cec
ilia
Embr
ee
(Coo
lClim
ate
LLC
)
sid
boub
ekeu
r (C
ente
r fo
r the
Dev
elop
men
t of
Ent
erpr
ise)
Fred
e B
oste
en (D
STC
) It
is v
ital t
hat m
uch
mor
e ha
ppen
s on
the
grou
nd, t
hat p
roje
cts b
ecom
e m
ore
prac
tical
and
less
theo
retic
al a
nd th
at fu
nds
are
allo
cate
d ac
cord
ingl
y th
roug
ht th
e pr
ivat
e se
ctor
with
out a
lot o
f stri
ngs a
ttach
ed.
Ger
ald
Wes
t (G
eorg
etow
n U
nive
ssity
)
Nuc
lear
pow
er s
houl
d no
t be
a fo
rbid
den
topi
c fo
r the
WB
G to
con
side
r.
Ray
Hol
land
(GTZ
/EU
Pr
ojec
t)
Kei
th O
pens
haw
(R
etire
d)
1.Y
ou h
ave
not m
entio
ned
the
elep
hant
in th
e ro
om, m
ainl
y PO
PULA
TIO
N IN
CR
EASE
. Lar
ge a
nd c
once
ntra
ted
effo
rts
shou
ld b
e m
ade
to re
duce
the
rate
of i
ncre
ase
as w
as d
one
in T
haila
nd in
the
1970
s and
198
0s.
How
is th
e w
orld
goi
ng
to fe
ed a
n ad
ditio
nal 3
bill
ion
peop
le b
y 20
05, w
ithou
t non
-sus
tain
able
use
of r
esou
rces
. Th
ere
are
goin
g to
be
mor
e an
d m
ore
conf
licts
ove
r wat
er re
sour
ces a
nd p
eopl
e ar
e go
ing
to b
e di
spla
ced
and
star
vatio
n w
ill in
crea
se.
Staf
ford
Will
iam
son
(Will
iam
son
Info
rmat
ion
Tech
nolo
gies
Cor
p.)
WB
G c
ould
influ
ence
car
bon
dem
and
redu
ctio
n by
cre
atin
g a
pres
tigio
us se
t of w
orld
wid
e sc
hola
rshi
ps (i
n th
e R
hode
s tra
ditio
n), b
ut b
ased
on
dist
ance
lear
ning
tech
nolo
gies
. W
ith so
me
dona
tions
from
priv
ate
sect
or o
f equ
ipm
ent a
nd
serv
ices
, thi
s cou
ld b
e do
ne fo
r les
s cos
t tha
n a
half
doze
n R
hode
s sch
olar
s act
ually
phy
sica
lly a
ttend
ing
a di
stan
t in
stitu
tion
of h
ighe
r lea
rnin
g. A
gain
, thi
s mig
ht in
clud
e fu
ndin
g fo
r nee
ded
com
mun
icat
ions
infr
astru
ctur
e w
hich
itse
lf w
ill h
elp
mov
e va
st p
ortio
ns o
f wor
ld so
ciet
y aw
ay fr
om th
e ph
ysic
al a
ct o
f "co
mm
utin
g" to
an
offic
e to
per
form
ad
min
istra
tive
func
tions
whe
n a
desk
at h
ome
wou
ld d
o ju
st a
s wel
l.
Arle
en S
eed
Ado
lfo B
erch
eñi
(Con
tinen
tal N
EA)
No
22
7
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
Susa
nna
Nils
son
(Sid
a)
Ove
rall
com
men
ts
Sidd
appa
Bag
alko
ti (K
arna
tak
Uni
vers
ity,
Dha
rwad
)
Cre
ate
a po
ol o
f exp
ertis
e in
eac
h co
untry
to fo
cus o
n th
e lo
cally
rele
vant
issu
es.
Leon
Kap
pelm
an
(Uvi
v of
Tex
as
PLEA
SE T
AK
E A
WH
OLE
SY
STEM
VIE
W.
YO
UR
ASS
UM
PTIO
NS
AR
E B
AD
, YO
UR
SC
IEN
CE
WEA
K, A
ND
Y
OU
R C
ON
CLU
SIO
NS
POTE
NTI
ALL
Y D
ISA
STR
OU
S.
Pier
re-O
livie
r Pin
eau
(HEC
Mon
treal
)
Ram
esha
Cha
ndra
ppa
(Kar
anat
aka
Stat
e Po
llutio
n C
ontro
l B
oard
, Ind
ia)
Som
e su
gges
tion
that
cou
ld b
e to
redu
ce G
HG
em
issi
on -
Rav
indr
a K
olha
pure
(R
SR G
loba
l Vis
ion)
Po
verty
,Foo
d C
risis
,Edu
catio
n,H
ealth
,Env
ironm
enta
l Aw
aren
ess,G
reen
Rev
olut
ion
as u
sual
Ang
elin
e C
ione
(Our
Ta
sk)
Serc
il To
kogl
u (D
evel
opm
ent B
ank
of
Turk
ey)
All
inte
rnat
iona
l org
aniz
atio
ns in
clud
ing
the
wor
ld b
ank
shou
ld ta
ke im
med
iate
act
ion
to m
itiga
te c
limat
e ch
ange
ot
herw
ise
it w
ill b
e to
o la
te.
Alb
ert I
lem
obad
e (U
plin
e R
esou
rces
Fo
unda
tion)
Wilh
elm
Nor
bert
(Gro
ntm
i_B
GS
Con
sulta
nts)
One
shao
uld
look
into
the
who
le ta
rget
s of d
evel
opm
ent.
Euro
pean
/ Nor
th a
mer
ican
stan
dard
is n
ot fe
asib
le a
nd sc
houl
d no
t be
the
aim
, whi
ch it
is a
t lea
st in
peo
ple's
min
d. U
sing
alte
rnat
ive
way
s for
dev
eolp
emt,
that
wou
ld a
lso
wor
k in
po
wer
ty re
duct
ion
coul
d pr
omot
e en
ergy
savi
ngs o
r les
s fut
ure
cons
umpt
ion.
I d
ecrib
ed it
as t
he c
once
pt o
f Rea
chab
le
Tech
nolo
gy, w
hich
is to
a la
rge
exte
nd b
ased
on
high
labo
ur in
put a
nd lo
cal m
ater
ial.
Gör
an E
k (S
wed
ish
Soci
ety
for N
atur
e C
onse
rvat
ion)
the
Ban
k’s “
Cle
an E
nerg
y fo
r Dev
elop
men
t Inv
estm
ent F
ram
ewor
k” -
whi
ch n
o do
ubt h
as b
een
deve
lope
d w
ith th
e be
st
of in
tent
ions
- w
ill n
ot d
eliv
er th
e de
sire
d be
nefit
s. It
is b
ased
on
scen
ario
s for
glo
bal g
reen
hous
e ga
s em
issi
ons a
t lev
els
that
wou
ld a
llow
“da
nger
ous c
limat
e ch
ange
” as
def
ined
by
the
Inte
rgov
ernm
enta
l Pan
el o
n C
limat
e C
hang
e. T
he
22
8
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
fram
ewor
k al
so p
rom
otes
add
ition
al fu
ndin
g fo
r ene
rgy
tech
nolo
gies
that
hav
e ne
gativ
e so
cial
and
env
ironm
enta
l im
pact
s – su
ch a
s lar
ge sc
ale
dam
s (an
d sp
eaks
favo
urab
ly o
n nu
clea
r pow
er)
- and
that
will
in m
any
case
s fur
ther
co
ntrib
ute
to c
limat
e ch
ange
– i.
e. c
lean
coa
l tec
hnol
ogie
s. Th
e fr
amew
ork
does
not
cat
alyz
e th
e ne
cess
ary
mas
sive
shift
to
rene
wab
le e
nerg
y te
chno
logi
es th
at c
ould
cre
ate
the
doub
le d
ivid
end
of e
nviro
nmen
tal b
enef
its a
nd p
over
ty re
duct
ion
areg
e D
ougl
as (K
enya
Y
oung
Gre
en
Gre
ens/
Glo
bal Y
outh
G
reen
s)
Nik
hil D
esai
(Wor
ld
Ban
k)
Prom
ote
clim
ate
rese
arch
in th
e de
velo
ping
cou
ntrie
s. Ev
en c
ount
ries l
ike
Indi
a an
d C
hina
hav
e ve
ry li
mite
d in
form
atio
n an
d an
alyt
ical
cap
abili
ties f
or lo
cal c
limat
es a
nd th
eir i
nter
actio
ns w
ith re
sour
ces (
land
, wat
er, e
tc.)
Glo
bal c
limat
e sc
ienc
e - a
tmos
pher
ic m
odel
s kin
d - i
s of l
imite
d pl
anni
ng v
alue
. Ind
ian
mon
soon
is a
prim
e ex
ampl
e of
how
muc
h m
ore
need
s to
be k
now
n ab
out s
ome
of th
e m
ost i
mpo
rtant
clim
atic
phe
nom
ena.
Cés
ar S
ilvio
Gra
nado
s R
afae
l (U
nivf
ersi
dad
Ala
s Per
uana
s-A
yacu
cho)
La U
nive
rsid
ad A
las P
erua
nas e
n A
yacu
cho
esta
org
aniz
ando
el I
For
o R
egio
nal s
obre
Cam
bio
Clim
átic
o pa
ra
com
prom
eter
a to
das l
as e
ntid
ades
púb
licas
y p
rivad
as y
soci
edad
civ
il en
est
a cr
uzad
a pa
ra m
itiga
r el c
ambi
o cl
imát
ico.
es
ta a
ctiv
idad
se d
esar
rolla
rá lo
s día
s 19
y 20
de
juni
o de
l pre
sent
e añ
o. A
spira
mos
em
pode
rar a
los p
obre
s y su
s ge
nera
cion
es p
ara
que
sobr
eviv
an a
los e
fect
os d
e es
ta a
men
aza
mun
dial
.
Sabi
ne O
hm (P
rovi
eh-
Vgt
M e
.V.
Bui
ld w
orld
wid
e co
nsci
ence
that
loca
l bre
eds a
nd p
lant
s are
bes
t ada
pted
to lo
cal s
oils
/clim
ate
etc
and
that
smal
l sca
le
sust
aina
ble
farm
ing
for l
ocal
/regi
onal
con
sum
ptio
n is
the
best
way
to a
void
not
onl
y cl
imat
e ch
ange
but a
lso
the
food
cr
isis
G y
Srik
anth
a R
eddy
(I
ndiv
idua
l) af
fore
stat
ion
year
lly p
lant
ing
6bill
ion
plan
ts u
sing
all
reso
urs a
t the
ban
k a
s hum
anity
is 6
bill
ion
Nov
a Te
ddy
Cha
rissa
(I
ndon
esia
Coo
rdin
ator
M
inis
try to
Eco
nom
ic
Aff
airs
)
One
of I
ndon
esia
scie
ntis
t has
dis
cove
r a n
ew so
urce
of f
uel t
hat i
s env
ironm
ent f
riend
ly, i
t is c
alle
d th
e bl
ue e
nerg
y. It
's a
wat
er b
ase
fuel
that
alm
ost s
imila
r to
Hyd
ro fu
el C
ell,
but i
t's m
ore
chea
per.
Satu
rnin
o Ji
men
ez
(Ind
epen
dien
te)
Gen
erar
mat
eria
les d
idác
ticos
que
pue
dan
ser e
ntre
gabl
es a
toda
s las
esc
uela
s par
a la
reed
ucac
ión
sobr
e el
mej
oram
ient
o y
cons
erva
ción
del
am
bien
te. E
nvia
r car
tele
s por
mai
l a su
scrip
tore
s e in
tere
sado
s en
apor
tar i
deas
par
a co
ntra
rres
tar e
l im
pact
o m
undi
al p
or e
l cam
bio
clim
átic
o.
Fern
ando
Man
tova
ni
(Vita
lize
Am
bien
tal
Tenh
o 2
Pate
ntes
de
equi
pam
ento
s que
aju
dam
a re
duzi
r a p
olui
ção
da á
gua
e o
ar !
Meu
site
é :w
ww
.nan
-ion.
com
.br
22
9
Res
pond
ent T
ype
Web
com
men
ts
Ind.
E C
om. L
tda)
D
udle
y A
chu
Sam
a (V
alda
s & C
o. L
td.)
Mos
t col
leag
ues c
ompl
ain
that
del
iver
y of
ass
ista
nce
to D
evel
opin
g co
untri
es b
y th
e W
orld
Ban
k G
roup
, is t
oo lo
ng
Dal
ia E
ssm
at
(Eng
inee
ring
Task
G
roup
)
This
switc
h pl
an w
ill h
elp
not o
nly
to st
op g
loba
l wor
min
g, b
ut w
ill g
et th
e w
orld
eco
nom
y ou
t of t
he fo
rese
en
depr
essi
on d
ue to
mar
ket s
atur
atio
n of
cur
rent
pro
duct
s and
dec
linat
ion
of n
atur
al re
sour
ces ,
espe
cial
ly e
nerg
y. T
his
stra
tegy
with
no
doub
t will
get
the
wor
ld o
ut o
f thi
s dile
mm
a by
util
izat
ion
of a
ccum
ulat
ed w
ealth
thro
ugh
the
last
de
cade
s to
new
bus
ines
ses ,
new
meg
a pr
ojec
ts, t
hat w
ill le
ad a
t the
end
to g
loba
l pro
sper
ity a
nd sa
fe e
nviro
nmen
t.thi
s pl
an sh
ould
be
acco
mpa
nied
by
usin
g te
chno
logi
es fo
r con
trole
d irr
igat
ion
in a
gric
ultu
re a
nd u
tiliz
atio
n of
agr
icul
tura
l w
aste
in a
nim
al fe
edin
g in
stea
d of
ope
n bu
rnin
g,th
ese
tech
niqu
e ar
e un
avai
labl
e ye
t in
rura
l are
as ,f
inan
cial
and
te
chni
cal s
uppo
rt is
nee
ded.
Aha
du S
elas
sie
(SEE
&
DO
USA
Fo
unda
tion)
Lots
of i
ssue
s, m
ay b
e in
the
futu
re. W
e w
ould
like
to T
hank
the
WB
gro
up ta
king
the
issu
e ve
ry se
rious
ly.
Car
ol T
urle
y (P
lym
outh
Mar
ine
Labo
rabo
ry)
Plea
se d
on't
forg
et th
e ro
le o
f the
oce
ans i
n its
role
as a
larg
e pa
rt of
the
Earth
's lif
e su
ppor
t sys
te. R
emem
ber o
cean
s ar
e(an
d w
ill) b
e im
pact
ed in
man
y w
ays b
y cl
imat
e ch
nage
and
by
the
acid
ifica
tion
of o
ur o
cean
s - so
mul
tiple
trou
bles
w
hich
will
all
feed
back
and
impa
ct e
cosy
stem
s and
Man
.
230
Comments Submitted On-line (due to their length, these have been typed out separately) First Name Jorge Daniel Last Name Taillant Title: President Organization: Center For Human Rights and Environment (CEDHA), Argentina 1. What should the World Bank Group’s role on climate change be within the international development community? The World Bank Group must, through a collaborative effort of its various agencies (IBRD, IDA, IFC, MIGA) should promote a development and rights-based approach to Climate Change policy*, emphasizing the need to promote Mitigation and Adaptation policies, programs, and financing for developing countries, and particularly for climate vulnerable States and communities. The SFCCD should, in tandem with the activities and financing schemes promoted by States, and by other global agencies of the United Nations focused on Climate Change, and through agreements made under the UNFCCC, assist developing countries (particularly climate vulnerable countries) to: • Develop the necessary analytical tools to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the impacts of climate change to developing countries (particularly to climate vulnerable countries) and regions (we can call these Climate Impact Assessment tools); • Identify key opportunities in developing countries to promote investments in renewable energy, and advance towards energy security (we can call these Mitigation Opportunity Assessment tools); • Bring together States, actors, and other relevant parties from industrialized and developing countries that have a mutual interest in promoting mitigation and adaptation activities; • Encourage, mobilize and secure global financing needs, in line with and in collaboration with agreements made under UNFCCC negotiations, for mitigation and adaptation activities; • Provide information and examples for developing countries of best practice in emissions reductions, mitigation and adaptation; Additionally, the WBG can help develop criteria for identifying standards for establishing which are “climate vulnerable countries”, the relevant indicators that should be considered under such a category, trends that would place countries in such a category or at risk of becoming climate vulnerable, and the appropriate institutional and technical tools to collect information about climate vulnerability and monitor its evolution. . IDA and IBRD should be especially focused on Adaptation needs and opportunities, while IFC and MIGA should be especially focused on promoting Mitigation opportunities, although any such division of agendas, should be conducted in collaboration and in tandem with the greater SFCCD.
231
The SFCCD should be streamlined to work in tandem with, (and when dealing with an identified climate vulnerable country) should be an integral part of the Country Assistance Strategy for that country. Furthermore, The WBG should create tracking and evaluation mechanisms for the effectiveness of the strategic framework on climate change in project management decisions. The WBG, in all of its agencies, should also evaluate it’s own climate impact, as well as that of the projects, programs, activities etc. that it finances, with a view to measure and minimize over time, the impacts of its activities and projects. The World Resources Institute found that 84 percent of World Bank Group energy sector lending for the period 2000-2004 did not consider climate change impacts, including greenhouse gas emissions accounting, identification of lower emission alternatives, climate specific indicators or outcomes, or consideration of incremental cost and financing issues. (Source: “Power Failure: How the World Bank is Mailing to Adequately Finance Renewable Energy for Development” de Friends of Herat. See: http://www.foe.co.uk) It would also be useful, if the WBG thinks more strategically about its lending portfolio, particularly that of the IFC (but also IBRD), preferring projects that have a lower climate impact, phasing out projects in carbon intensive sectors, promoting projects that favor the use of renewable energies, projects that are energy self sufficient, and generally favoring climate friendly investments, over one that are not. The WBG group should promote participatory engagement, consultation and full transparency and access to justice, of its SFCCD with all vested stakeholders, and make a special effort to include stakeholders from Climate Vulnerable States and communities. The WBG should actively engage the participation and seek the financial contribution of industrialized countries, especially some of the more highly contaminating countries, to contribute to Mitigation and Adaptation opportunities and investments. This should be done, not through the hiring of consulting groups of such countries to work in climate vulnerable countries, but rather through the hiring of local consultants from climate vulnerable countries so as to build the in-house capacity to assess vulnerabilities, define local climate policy, and develop local programs to address mitigation and adaptation needs. The WBG should be careful not to replace, dominate or create an alternative to, the ongoing efforts of other UN agencies and States, particularly under the UNFCCC, but rather act in collaboration with, and as a technical and financial supplement to, and facilitator of the greater evolving global climate strategy. *The trends we are seeing as a result of climate change directly impact climate vulnerable States and communities capacity to realize their human rights, and development needs. We can draw some clear relationship between climate change and its related human rights impacts, such as: • Falling crop yield: Right to Food • Coastal disasters: Right to Housing and Property
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• Increasing disease: Right to Health, Right to Life • Flooding: Right to Housing, Development, Healthy Environment, etc. • Economic disasters: Right to Development, Right to Life • Deforestation: Right of Indigenous Peoples, Right to culture, Right to Development • Displacement (Climate Refugees): Right to Right to Culture, Right to Food, etc. • Rising financial costs: Right to Development (of nations) Using human rights and development objective targets in the climate change debate helps bring the discussion more urgently to vulnerable groups, and particularly turn attention toward the Adaptation agenda for Climate Change. Climate change human rights impacts are not something that will occur, but rather they are already occurring, and severe human victims of climate change already exist, making the predicament of human populations of climate change of the uttermost importance to treat today. On the issue of development objectives, the UN has already devoted time and resources to looking at the impacts of climate change, for example, on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), identifying the risks poised by climate change to each of the MDGs. A brief example of some of the thinking on the Climate Change/MDG relationship (goal vs. risk): • MDG 1: Poverty and hunger; (reduced livelihood assets) • MDG 2: Primary Education; (deteriorated infrastructure and displacement) • MDG 3: Gender Equity; (burden on women due to crisis) • MDG 4: Child Mortality; (extreme weather events impacting children) • MDG 7: Environmental Sustainability (alternations in ecosystems)[<br>] 2. The Concept and Issues Paper states that both mitigation and adaptation must be integrated into development efforts. Where do you see the key areas of focus for the World Bank Group? Mitigation and Adaptation should be the central focus of the SFCCD. The WBG’s priority on these two pillars should be to: • Build effective tools to assess climate vulnerability in climate vulnerable regions, States and communities; • Build a public statistical database and information resources so that climate vulnerable States, communities and relevant actors can be informed about climate vulnerabilities and impacts; • Identify best practice in Mitigation and Adaptation experiences • Assist in the linking of available investments resources in industrialized countries with mitigation and adaptation needs of developing States and communities; The WBG should give particular attention to promoting energy security in climate vulnerable States, through the promotion of investments and the low cost (or no cost) transfer in renewable energy technology.
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The SFCCD should be an integral part of WBG’s lending portfolio in climate vulnerable States, and should be particularly prominent portion of any IDA States that are also considered Climate Vulnerable States. The WBG should be particularly active in the promotion of programs and lending that promote: • The protection and sustainable use of key water resources; • More rational planning in the use of soil, lands, etc. • Agricultural planning and more sustainable agricultural land use; • Forestry conservation, protection and certified lumbering where appropriate; • Conservation of biodiversity and wildlife; • The incorporation of a human rights approach to climate policy, always considering the social impacts of climate change in adaptation and mitigation policies; • Targeted policies to prepare for, avoid and address the impacts of climate-related disasters for vulnerable communities, including building better infrastructure to prepare for climate disasters, and have emergency systems in place as well as coordinate relief when disasters occur. The WBG group should be especially careful not to promote diverging policy, portfolio lending and programs, through its various agencies, such as supporting loans that promote further negative impacts to the global climate and to the environment, which would be contrary to the SFCCD, such as the promotion of overextended monocrop cultivation (soy) or projects that involve deforestation (such as occurred in Brazil through IFC financing of soy plantation at the expense of newly razed Amazonian forest). The WBG should provide guidance, best and worst practice, and sustainability analysis to the production of sustainable alternative fuel options, with particular sensitivity to the negative impacts the production of bio-fuels has had on global food prices, as well as the advancement of the use of agricultural lands for bio-fuel production, including the relative impact this tendency has had on the global carbon footprint caused by this trend. The WBG carefully ensure throughout it’s lending operations, and particularly in its climate related lending, that proper channels of access to redress (effective remedies) are available to victims of World Bank projects or projects supported by the World Bank (such as through IFC or MIGA), as well as that the appropriate redress mechanisms, like the Compliance Advisory Ombudsman of the IFC and MIGA, and the World Bank Inspection Panel are specifically attune to and sensitive to the types of problems communities might face in terms of climate vulnerability. 3. What role can the World Bank Group play to accelerate the development and deployment at scale of climate friendly technologies for energy, transport, agriculture and other sectors in developing countries? The role of the WBG in promoting sustainable and an efficient distribution of mitigation policies and financing is critical. The WBG should focus on:
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• Taking stock of global energy use, identifying climate efficient and climate inefficient models; • Analyzing, collecting and disseminating best practice in energy production and use as well as in sustainable agriculture planning; • Drafting policy papers and disseminating information on investment opportunities, and creative climate friendly solutions to existing energy needs and parallel agricultural models; • Taking stock of available resources, financing and technology and human resources available to utilize in promoting mitigation activities both in terms of energy production and agricultural planning and policy; • Engaging technology-rich States, private sector energy actors, and States needing or that could benefit from energy investments and transforming energy towards renewables, to seek out workable partnerships; • Facilitating the investment environment for such partnerships; • Ensure that the most climate vulnerable States and communities have prioritized access to energy programs and opportunities, and have the necessary financial underpinning to tackle their mitigation needs and capitalize on mitigation opportunities; • Provide free advisory assistance to most needy countries on mitigation and adaptation activity; • Build the in-house capacity of such countries to develop, implement, and monitor mitigation programs. The WBG should ensure that it’s mitigation strategy and eventual projects or activities that are financed, are properly integrated with other lending activities, and work in harmony with appropriate strategic development frameworks (such as CAS), so that all energy sector and agriculture lending, and other lending that may have an impact on climate vulnerability, is in harmony with the SFCCD, so as not to generate conflicting targets, strategies, or other unwanted climate impacts of WBG programs. The WBG should always ensure to properly assess climate impact vulnerability and impacts to affected human populations of energy and agricultural projects, lending, etc. The WBG should ensure not to promote inflexible regulatory frameworks for private sector investments, especially through its IFC lending portfolio. Oftentimes private sector investments lock in regulatory frameworks for investments over the life of the project, when with evolving information about the impacts of climate change, regulatory frameworks, particularly of high carbon emissions and climate sensitive sectors, need flexible regulatory policy to adopt to a changing environment an knowledge about the climate problems. The WBG should consider the full phaseout over the medium and long term, of lending to carbon intensive and non-renewable energy sectors. Fossil fuel project investment at the Bank outnumber renewable energy investments by nearly 15 to 1. From 1992 to 2004, the World Bank Group financed an estimated $28 billion in fossil fuel projects, including extraction, power plants, and sector reforms – averaging about $2 billion each year. The estimated lifetime carbon emissions resulting from these projects is 43.4 billion tons,
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almost half of which have been or will be produced as a result of extractive industry projects aimed at exporting oil to the global marketplace. In 2006, only 4% of the WBG’s financing destined to the energy sector was in renewable energy, and that more than 82% of financing for petroleum extraction went to projects that export petroleum to industrialized countries. More appropriate assessments are necessary on the impacts of fossil fuel investments, particularly from a climate vulnerability perspective. (see: http://www.brettonwoodsproject.org/art-545884) The WBG should completely phase out over the medium and long term, of lending to large hydropower infrastructure investment, which is causing large devastation to critical parts of the planet’s global natural environment, and are the source of a large portion of greenhouse gas emissions primarily methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2). Dams financed by the WBG are often located in some of the most sensitive and rich biodiversity environmental areas. In 2005, 60% of the Bank’s supposed support for renewable energy and energy efficiency was for five large hydro projects. The WBG group should further study the impacts of Nuclear Energy, in terms of greenhouse gas emissions, particularly the emissions from upstream activity for the nuclear energy sector, such as mining, uranium enrichment, radioactive storage, fuel production, and plant closure, and compare these with investments in renewable energies. Other issues which must be factored in to the nuclear energy sector, particularly when considering these for developing countries, are security, human resource capacity, capacity to handle waste, and infrastructure capacity. 4. What should be the role of the World Bank Group in mobilizing additional concessional financing and private sector investments to respond to climate change? The World Bank Group should play a subsidiary, and complimentary role to efforts currently underway through States negotiations under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The WBG’s role should in now way hinder this process, compete with it with its own funds, or work in parallel to it, but rather, it should form an integral part, helping negotiations move forward as effectively as possible and assisting the most climate vulnerable and needy States, with financial assistance, and related technical skills, capacity building, and information, where appropriate. The WBG should be above all, a facilitator and help identify key opportunities in advancing global commitments to reversing climate change. The WBG should be particularly sensitive to international recognition, and should adopt its policy accordingly, as well as exert it’s influence on industrialized countries and polluter States so that they recognize that: 1) the majority of the human contribution towards global warming has come from industrialised countries and that these countries have not only differentiated responsibilities (higher responsibilities) but also greater technology, capacity and financial ability to reverse such trends;
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2) Industrialized countries should not only work to reduce their own emissions and establish collective agreements to do so as a global society, but should also actively engage to ensure the free, subsidized or low-cost transfer of technology to developing countries, along with the necessary free or low-cost financial assistance; 3) Developing countries’ historical role in global warming has been negligible, that their need for social/economic/industrial development remains high, and that they are entitled to assistance to adaptation assistance to confront the impacts of climate change in their societies. The WBG needs to immediately revisit its Climate Investment Funds (CIFs), which presently work against the central principles and objectives of the UNFCCC process largely due to that: • CIFs are provided on a loan (plus interest) basis and not on a grant basis; • CIFs are offered parallel to multilateral UNFCC initiative generating confusion and competition; • CIFs are less democratic, are constructed only on WBG knowledge and knowhow, and are not constructed with the full foundation of information and global harmony provided for through the UNFCCC process; • CIFs emission targets and other commitments by the recipient country occur outside the UNFCCC framework, lending to confusing, competing and non-globally consensus objectives established under the multilateral agreements; • Certain countries (such as the UK) can utilize the CIFs to leverage influence, in parallel to, and in detriment to globally agreed targets, policies, etc, undermining the spirit and goal of the evolution of global policy. The WBG should ensure, permanent consultation, and open engagement from actors involved in climate negotiations, and particularly from target recipient countries and particularly from climate vulnerable communities and States. The consultations to date have seemed rushed, limited in scope, with apparently limited engagement with climate vulnerable States. The WBG should ensure that financing for the SFCCD and the CIFs in particularly do not compete with, replace, or work to diminish in any way, funds targeted for Overseas Development Assistance (ODA), or to funds stipulated for achieving the MDGs. The WBG should strive so that money is not diverted from the 0.7% annual target for industrialized States, as this would be severely detrimental to the progress in other areas of development. Climate change is its own, distinct, and separate, global issue, which industrialized countries and the international finance institutions must address in a separated financial context. The WBG should ensure that climate change, and climate considerations should be integrated in all of its lending practices, for all sectors, which includes calculating carbon emissions of all lending and programs, and ensuring that the WBG overall is steering towards a more climate friendly and low-carbon emissions portfolio. The role of the IFC in particularly in steering the greater private banking community, particularly banks that adhere to the Equator Principles, should not be understressed. The
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IFC and the WBG generally should encourage and actively engage private financial institutions, but also, Export Credit Agencies, and other multilateral banks in identifying where they can leverage climate friendly policies, how they can achieve a low carbon investment and pro-climate lending portfolio, and have in place, the necessary tools and practices to ensure they are moving towards a more climate friendly financial portfolio. 5. Building capacity within countries, regions and institutions will be crucial to address climate change issues. How can the World Bank Group contribute? The WBG should be working to identify governance gaps in terms of the ability of countries (particularly climate vulnerable countries) to: • identify climate vulnerability; • collect climate data in terms of climate trends and impacts to communities, individuals, and the various economic sectors (agriculture, housing, biodiversity, flora, fauna, tourism, etc.); • develop appropriate climate policies; • develop appropriate regulatory systems to ensure adequate climate attention; • monitor and regulate climate sensitive (high carbon emission) industrial sectors; • attract and establish international partnerships towards mitigation and adaptation; • promote appropriate investment frameworks in renewables; • respond to adaptation needs; and • develop appropriate policy instruments to promote an effective climate mitigation and adaptation policies. The WBG should work closely with established priorities under the UNFCCC framework. The WBG should be especially careful no to push for domestic policy revisions, laws, or other regulatory instruments that could work in detriment to the internationally evolving framework under the UNFCC. The WBG, especially IBRD and IDA, can play an especially important role in developing further attention to adaptation needs, identifying victims, climate vulnerable groups, developing climate impact assessment tools for vulnerable communities and States, developing emergency response systems (to floods, draughts, hurricanes, etc.), drawing attention to climate vulnerable groups and the rising risks to certain groups from an ever-changing climate. This responsibility also entails encouraging and engaging industrialized countries, UN agencies and developing country States to further prioritize the climate adaptation agenda. This strategy should be constructed taking on a human rights based approach to development and climate change impacts. 6. Other issues? Have you participated in a consultation session with World Bank staff? Yes .If so, please indicate the date and location.Revisión del Banco Mundial sobre las Industrias Extractivas (2004), Revisión de Políticas de Salvaguardia sobre Indígenas (2005), Política de Salvaguardia y divulgación de la información de la CFI (2004 y 2005) Would
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you like to be notified when new information is available? Yes Would you like your comments to appear on this site? Yes
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First Name: Bill Last Name Smith Title: Organization: Former Bank Staff (Retired) 1. What should the World Bank Group’s role on climate change be within the international development community? I was informed on July 9 that the deadline for comments was now extended to July 7. Up until then I was unaware of a deadline. You have my earlier comment of June 30 in which I argued that the indirect effects of a warmer world are by no means certain to occur. The most unlikely effect is higher sea levels caused by melting of landed ice in the Antarctic Glaciers on the Antarctic Peninsular, where temperatures have risen 2 °C in the past 50 years, are moving and dropping landed ice in the ocean. According to the British Antarctic Survey this might have a long term effect of a few centimeters. Another moving glacier in a much colder region is Pine Island; this appears to be due to underlying volcanic activity. The rest of the continent, except for a few relatively small strips of of land where the January temperature sometime moves above zero, is so cold all year round that it would take a huge warming trend (far more than IPCC predicts) to cause any melting. In other words I think the SFCCD might want to go easy on sea level rise (especially Table A1:1.). Should it not be a Framework for not a Framework on. 2. The Concept and Issues Paper states that both mitigation and adaptation must be integrated into development efforts. Where do you see the key areas of focus for the World Bank Group? 3. What role can the World Bank Group play to accelerate the development and deployment at scale of climate friendly technologies for energy, transport, agriculture and other sectors in developing countries? 4. What should be the role of the World Bank Group in mobilizing additional concessional financing and private sector investments to respond to climate change? 5. Building capacity within countries, regions and institutions will be crucial to address climate change issues. How can the World Bank Group contribute? 6. Other issues? Have you participated in a consultation session with World Bank staff? No. If so, please indicate the date and location. Would you like to be notified when new information is available? Yes. Would you like your comments to appear on this site? Yes
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First Name Elizabeth Last Name Stuart Title: Head of Relations with World Bank and IMF Organization: Oxfam International 1. What should the World Bank Group’s role on climate change be within the international development community? The Bank should seek to play a role in aligning adaptation and resilience with broader development objectives and plans. Most important, the Bank should lead by adopting and promoting adaptation strategies that are community-oriented, addressing the needs and interests of both women and men, focus on poverty reduction and livelihoods, and address issues of inequality within countries. By adopting and promoting pro-poor adaptation approaches in its programs in this way, the Bank can play a role in aligning climate adaptation with development more broadly. • The Bank should act in ways that are fully supportive and respectful of the progress and completion of the UNFCCC process, and the primacy of the UNFCCC as the institution that has the mandate for designing the most effective approach to managing international adaptation finance. The Bank can helpfully provide appropriate research concerning the implications of negotiations concerning developing country interests, particularly focused on the disproportionate impacts of climate change and the needs of developing countries to address impacts. However, the Bank should avoid engaging in ways that are out of alignment with the interests of the full range of developing countries; in particular, references to the Bank’s role in trade negotiations are not helpful. • However, the World Bank must be neutral in its advocacy concerning the institutions and venues that should be the source and delivery mechanisms for international climate finance. The Bank has a potential conflict of interest regarding what institutions and venues are the ones that provide climate finance and must scrupulously avoid engaging in policy debates on these questions in any fashion (e.g. UNFCCC decisions regarding implementation and delivery of finance, carbon markets and trading, etc.). Most important, the Bank should accept the paramount role of funding mechanisms that are agreed in the UNFCCC negotiations, such as the Adaptation Fund. In addition, the Bank must ensure that funds such as the Climate Investment Funds will in fact no longer be operational once there is a post-2012 international climate agreement. In addition, the Bank should not seek to play a role in “consolidating” climate finance. Rather, the UNFCCC negotiating process should be the central venue for setting the parameters and broad structures for international climate finance. • The Bank should play a leading advocacy role to ensure that climate-related financing to developing countries is additional to the 0.7% of GNI promised at the G8 Gleneagles summit in 2005. It should clearly indicate in public communications that climate change financing must not come from either existing aid budgets or promised increases in aid budgets. The Bank also should proactively demonstrate that its additional resources for climate change spending are not coming from other development flows or reducing the
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overall spend – particularly in the case of adaptation. Finally, the Bank should undertake active advocacy efforts to help donors, the OECD DAC and other relevant institutions make “additionality” in climate-related financial flows to developing countries a reality as soon as possible. • The Bank should explicitly ensure that the inclusion of climate in PRSPs, or other national development strategies, does not add to the burden of conditionality. Conditions should be limited to mutually agreed, poverty-based outcome indicators, or fiduciary commitments. 2. The Concept and Issues Paper states that both mitigation and adaptation must be integrated into development efforts. Where do you see the key areas of focus for the World Bank Group? • The Bank has a clear role to play in supporting developing countries in aligning adaptation with their broad development strategies. As noted above, the Bank should focus on adopting and promoting adaptation strategies that are community-oriented, designed to meet both women’s and men’s needs and interests; focus on poverty reduction and livelihoods, and address issues of inequality within countries. Meanwhile, it is vital that alignment of adaptation with development strategies does not imply that the additional burden of climate adaptation can simply be integrated into existing development programs and finance. Rather, new and additional finance must be provided to meet climate adaptation needs. • As part of a gender-sensitive, pro-poor and pro-community approach, the Bank should focus its efforts on ensuring engagement and participation by local communities in the development and implementation of adaptation strategies. In addition, the Bank should emphasize the use of indigenous knowledge and the sharing of that knowledge across communities. • The Bank should also require that any of its funds or financing mechanisms – including for both adaptation and mitigation finance – involve substantial and meaningful consultation with stakeholders, including civil society and local communities. For example, the CIF should incorporate a process for ongoing consultation over the lifetime of the funds. Similarly, any carbon market or trading facilities should include a process for robust consultation. • Moreover, the Bank should develop an accountability mechanism to address any concerns raised by communities affected by the implementation of adaptation projects and programs financed by the Bank. • If much of the finance for climate adaptation comes from the private sector, then it will often naturally flow to macro-actors in the cash economy, such as for infrastructure and commercial agriculture. Such financing will likely not easily reach subsistence farmers or be invested in essential non-market goods and services such as household food, water, fuel and care, which are predominantly provided by women. As a result, the Bank should
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lead in ensuring that adaptation strategies in general are in fact pro-poor, gender-sensitive and focus on marginal populations. The Bank can help ensure that private sector efforts in particular are channeled as much as possible to meet the needs of local communities, and where this is not possible, that adequate public funding is invested to ensure community-based adaptation takes place. • The World Bank should lead the way in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. To do so, the Bank must address the continuing significant greenhouse gas emissions resulting from its finance portfolio. In particular, the World Bank Group should do a full accounting of the direct and indirect emissions resulting from its finance portfolio and make fully public and transparent the outcomes of that accounting for each specific project and funding program (including sectoral finance). The World Bank Group should also set clear targets and timetables for reducing the direct and indirect emissions resulting from its finance portfolio. 3. What role can the World Bank Group play to accelerate the development and deployment at scale of climate friendly technologies for energy, transport, agriculture and other sectors in developing countries? • The World Bank should lead in ensuring that climate friendly technologies are clearly oriented toward poverty reduction and help ensure a reduction in economic inequality within countries. To ensure that climate friendly technologies directly benefit – and are undertaken with the full engagement and participation of – local communities, the Bank should prioritize commercial deployment of low-carbon technologies that are most appropriate for community-level energy, transport and agriculture needs in rural areas. • The Bank should carefully review the types of climate friendly technologies it finances – such as clean energy technologies – in order to promote options that will both maximize reductions in poverty and economic inequality and slow the growth in greenhouse gas emissions. The Bank should ensure that approaches such as hydropower are conducted in a way that is fully sensitive to social concerns and impacts on local communities. In the case of hydropower in particular, such projects should only be conducted according to the World Commission on Dams guidelines. • The Bank needs to considerably step up the pace of increasing its financing for renewable energy projects and programs. As WWF has recently reported, the increase in the Bank’s financing of renewable energy projects has been very sluggish. In particular, IBRD/IDA finance for renewables other than major dams needs to be considerably increased. 4. What should be the role of the World Bank Group in mobilizing additional concessional financing and private sector investments to respond to climate change? • The Bank should conduct detailed research into the feasibility and scale of innovative financing mechanisms to finance adaptation and mitigation (including technology transfer). This is particularly necessary if the Bank is serious about promoting the Bali
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Action Plan since it is clear – from the lack of funding for the LDC Fund – that voluntarism is not working and that alternative forms of finance are necessary. We would also emphasize, nonetheless, that the Bank should strictly avoid any engagement on issues involving the appropriate institutions or venues for climate finance. • Adaptation finance must be grants that meet the full costs of adaptation, and not loans or other forms of concessional finance. • The Bank should ensure that resource transfers from developed countries to developing countries for climate change activities are measurable, reportable and verifiable (MRV). The Bank should provide capacity building to developing countries to help ensure that this is the case. The World Bank must ensure that it develops monitoring indicators for MRV which will be compatible with reporting guidelines once they are established under the UNFCCC. 5. Building capacity within countries, regions and institutions will be crucial to address climate change issues. How can the World Bank Group contribute? • The World Bank should act in a supportive, capacity-building role in helping countries and regions to develop national and/or regional adaptation and resilience plans and strategies. However, the Bank should also clearly avoid taking on any role in the development of adaptation strategies other than one that is purely supportive. That is, the Bank should seek only to assist – and not to direct or lead – these processes and any national or regional coordinating efforts, which are appropriately led by government, elected officials, and civil society at the country level. In particular, in situations where national or regional adaptation trust funds are being developed, the Bank must make sure not to direct or lead these processes, which are appropriately driven through country ownership. • As noted above, the Bank should emphasize the use and sharing of indigenous knowledge and community initiatives for adaptation. In addition, the Bank should support the exchange of adaptation information among communities and the development of local institutions that can facilitate effective adaptation strategies. 6. Other issues? Have you participated in a consultation session with World Bank staff? Yes.If so, please indicate the date and location. London Would you like to be notified when new information is available? Yes.Would you like your comments to appear on this site? Yes
