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MAKALAH PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH

INDUSTRI KERTAS

Daniel Yonathan (2012 2000!"

Tania Ste#ani (2012 2002$"

Ste##an% In&'i%ani (2012 200 $"

Ma'tin (2012 200$!"

)e**i+a (2012 200,$ "

UNIVERSITAS KATOLIK PARAHYANGAN

FAKULTAS TEKNOLOGI INDUSTRI

JURUSAN TEKNIK KIMIA

BANDUNG

2014

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PENDAHULUAN

Seiring eng!n "er#!$"!%n&! '($)!% *en ( (+, "er#!$"!% *()! +e"(#(%!n $!n(-i! #er%! !* "!r!ng . "!r!ng +e*er)(!n -e%!ri . %!ri #er$!-(+ i!n#!r!n&! +er#!-/ Ker#!- i*er)(+!n #i !+ %!n&! -e"!g!i !)!# #()i-

!n "(+( !#!( $!'!)!% #e#!*i '(g! -e"!g!i #i--(, *e$"(ng+(- r + +, *e$"(ng+(- $!+!n!n !n $in($!n !n-e"!g!in&!/

Ker#!- $er(*!+!n "!%!n &!ng i%!-i)+!n eng!n + $*re-i -er!# &!ng "er!-!) !ri *()* / In (-#ri *()*!n +er#!- #e)!% "er+e$"!ng *e-!# i In ne-i! -e#e)!% in e-#!-i "e-!r . "e-!r!n i !+%ir #!%(n 1 30 . !n/

Se'!+ !+%ir #!%(n 1 30 . !n +!*!-i#!- *r (+-i $ening+!# %!$*ir 00 *er-en/ T #!) *r (+-i !ri !)!$ negeri#e)!% $ening+!# !ri 5 '(#! # n *er #!%(n *! ! #!%(n 1 $en'! i 6,7 '(#! # n *er #!%(n %ingg! #!%(n 2002/In ne-i! #e)!% $en'! i *r (-en *()* #er"e-!r +e -e$"i)!n (ni! !n *r (-en +er#!- #er"e-!r +e -e"e)!-8R!%!&(ning-i%, 20029/

A+!n #e#!*i *en iri!n in (-#ri *()* !n +er#!- #ern&!#! #i !+ -!'! $e$"!:! +e(n#(ng!n ;in!n-i!) &!ng-!ng!# "e-!r, #e#!*i '(g! $e$"!:! !$*!+ neg!#i; &!i#( "er(*! )i$"!% in (-#ri &!ng -e$!+in "!n&!+/ Li$"!%in (-#ri *()* !n +er#!- !*!# "er(*! *! !#,

TIN)AUAN PUSTAKA

Li$"!% ! !)!% >!# &!ng #i !+ iingin+!n !n #i !+ i+e%en !+i/ Li$"!% !*!# i!n!) gi+!n -e"!g!i

-!$*!% !#!( "(!ng!n -e"!g!i %!-i) !ri "er'!)!nn&! -(!#( *r -e-/ Mi-!)n&!, !*!"i)! +i#! $e$!-!+ i !*(r,$!+! +i#! !+!n $eng%!-i)+!n -!$*!% !*(r -e*er#i -i-! $!+!n!n, -i-! "!%!n, !n )!in=)!in/ De$i+i!n '(g! i

*!"ri+, !)!$ -e"(!% *r -e- in (-#ri, -e)!in $eng%!-i)+!n *r (+ (#!$! &!ng !+!n i'(!), *!"ri+ '(g!$eng%!-i)+!n )i$"!% !#!( "(!ng!n/

N!$(n e$i+i!n, #i !+ -e$(! )i$"!% #i !+ $e$i)i+i ni)!i e+ n $i/ Ber !-!r+!n ni)!i e+ n $in&!,)i$"!% i"!gi $en'! i )i$"!% &!ng $e$*(n&!i ni)!i e+ n $i- !n )i$"!% n n=e+ n $i-/ Li$"!% e+ n $i-! !)!% )i$"!% &!ng !*!# i )!% eng!n *r -e- )!n'(# !n $e$"eri+!n ni)!i #!$"!% !#!( !*!# $eng%!-i)+!n

*r (+ "!r(/ Se"!g!i < n# %, !$*!- #e"( -e"!g!i )i$"!% *!"ri+ g()! !*!# ig(n!+!n -e"!g!i "!%!n "!+( *!"ri+ +er#!- +!ren! $e)!)(i *r -e- -();in!-i, !$*!- #e"( !*!# $eng%!-i)+!n "("(r *()*/ Li$"!% *!"ri+ g()! '(g! !*!# ig(n!+!n -e"!g!i "!%!n "!+( (n#(+ *!"ri+ !)+ % )/ Se !ng+!n )i$"!% n n=e+ n $i- ! !)!%)i$"!% &!ng $e-+i*(n i )!% $e)!)(i *r -e- #i !+ !+!n $e$"eri+!n ni)!i #!$"!% !*!*(n/ Li$"!% 'eni- ini)!%&!ng -ering $eng!+i"!#+!n $!-!)!% -e*er#i *en!# ini i"(!ng -e$"!r!ng!n #!n*! *er#!ngg(ng '!:!"!n,

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$!+! #en#( -!'! !+!n $eng!+i"!#+!n *enB!%!n "!+( !)!$ in (-#ri +er#!- ! !)!% +!&(/ K!&( $eng!n (ng "e"er!*! + $* nen -e*er#i%e$i-e)() -!, -e)() -!, )ignin, !n "!%!n e+-#r!+#i; -e*er#i % r$ ne #($"(%!n, re-in, !-!$ )e$!+, !n (n-(r)!in/ He$i-e)() -! $er(*!+!n >!# &!ng )e"i% $( !% )!r(# !)!$ !ir, !n !*!# i%i)!ng+!n !)!$ *r -e-

pulping / Lignin "er;(ng-i (n#(+ $ere+!#+!n -er!#=-er!# -e)() -! !g!r +!+(/ Lignin !*!# i%i)!ng+!n $e)!)(i *r -e- pulping -e

1/ E;)(en )i$"!% !# *eng(r!i -er!#, *ere+!# *!#i !n >!#-in#e#i-

"/ P!r#i+()!# >!# +i$i! #er(#!$! &!ng $eng!n (ng n!#ri($ !n +!)-i($

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Ni!g!r! F!))- 8AS9, "i-! #er()!ng/ D!er!% "e+!- )!n ;i)) e+!# L e ?!n!) i'! i+!n #e$*!# *e$"(!ng!n)i$"!% -e"(!% *!"ri+ 81 40=1 609/ Se#e)!% *!"ri+ i#( *in !% ) +!-i, )!n ;i)) i#( i'! i+!n *er$(+i$!n "!gi600 +e)(!rg!/ Be"er!*! :!+#( +e$( i!n >!#=>!# "er!

ig(n!+!n )e% #(r"in (n#(+ $eng%!-i)+!n energi)i-#ri+/ S!)!% -!#( < n# % #i*e +e#e) +()i# +!&( ! !)!%#i*e " i)er eng!n *r!=;(rn!

*enge) )!!n )i$"!%

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Pengg(n!!n "!%!n )!r(#!n +i$i!, -e*er#i N!OH 8- i($ %i r +-i !9 !n N!S 8- i($ -();i !9 &!ng "er;(ng-i(n#(+ $e$i-!%+!n -er!# -e)() -! !ri "!%!n rg!ni+/

• Bi ) gi

T('(!n (#!$! !ri *eng )!%!n )i$"!%

"er(*! (n-(re +!r" n 8?9 &!ng eng!n $( !% i*er )e% !ri -en&!:! rg!ni+ i !)!$ !ir )i$"!%, -e%ingg!-en&!:! rg!ni+ #er-e"(# #er(r!i $en'! i ?O2 !n H2O/

S#!n !r "!+( $(#( )i$"!%

III Pen.elolaan Li/ ah E/i*i U&a'a

Li$"!% "er(*! e$i-i ( !r! &!ng i%!-i)+!n !ri *r -e- *r (+-i *()* i%i)!ng+!n eng!n $engg(n!+!n !)!#=!)!# "er(*! ") : g!- #re!#$en# i (ni# *()*ing, Electro Static Dust Precipitator *! ! Recovery Boiler , !n Wet Scrubber i Recausticizing Unit /

Li$"!% &!ng $eng!n (ng *!r#i+e) - )i !ri $()#i ;(e) " i)er !n re< er& " i)er i%i)!ng+!n eng!n *engg(n!!n !)!# e)e

P! ! *rin-i*n&! et scrubber $engg(n!+!n

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1/ Li$"!%=)i$"!% %!r(- i"(!ng i )ing+(ng!n !$!n !n n&!$!n/2/ Re!+-i &!ng #er'! i *! ! #!n(r +!*(r ! !)!% N!2?O5 H2O ?!O ?!?O5 2N!OH5/ Peng )!%!n )i$"!%

4/ Peng )!%!n )i$"!%

6/ Peng )!%!n )i$"!%

/ Prin-i* !-!r electrostatic precipitator ! !)!% *engg(n!!n energi )i-#ri+ (n#(+ $e$"eri $(!#!n neg!#i; +e *!r#i+()!#

3/ Prin-i* !-!r et scrubber &!i#( $engg(n!+!n %##* e*rin#-/(n i*/!%##* :::/in; r-e/ rg e(r *e iere# Bi $!-- "i $!--/%#$)

%##* en/:i+i*e i!/ rg :i+i Fi)e Li$e *)!n#, & $ing/'*g

%##* :::/#!**i/ rg < n#en# e en#- 03+r - $!n(-