Revised Ppt Obesitas Anak Fitria

8/20/2019 Revised Ppt Obesitas Anak Fitria

1/22

Preceptor:

dr. Pulung M Silalahi, Sp.A

Presenter:

Fitria Nurulfath

(1102010105)

Pediatric Department

Raden Said Soekanto Hospital

Yarsi Medical University

Periode u!ust "rd # $cto%er &&th '(&)

REFERAT

Obesity in Children


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Definitin

Definitin f !e"it# $arie" depending n the "ur%e f the

infr&atin !tained.

'n Dorland Medical Dictionary "tate" that !e"it# i" an in%rea"e

in !d# eight e%eed" the li&it" f the ph#"i%al need" f rderand, a" a re"ult f e%e""i$e fat a%%u&ulatin in the !d#.


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The &"t %&&n !e"it# %riteria deter&ined !a"ed n

anthrp&etri% data. Anthrp&etri% &ea"ure&ent" flling

three &ethd" %an !e u"ed in the deter&inatin f !e"it#.

• *ei!ht + hei!ht a%ove the ,(th percentile or &'(- a%ove

ideal %ody .ei!ht. *eight greater than 1+0 i" defined a"

"uper !e"e.

• -d# &a"" inde (-M') i" %al%ulated !# eight in ilgra&"

di$ided !# height in &eter" "/uared, if the $alue f the %hild"/M0 is !reater e1ual to the ,)th percentile then in%luded

int !e"it#.


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•

Mea"ure&ent f "u!%utaneu" fat !# measurin! thethickness of skin folds 23456 a%ove the 7)th percentile i"

an indi%atr f !e"it#. Thi% fld" f "in %an !e &ea"ured n

the !i%ep", tri%ep", "u!"%apular, and "uprailia%a.


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Epide&ilg#

Adult !e"it# in %hildren i" a gl!al pr!le& hi%h i" fund nt

nl# in de$elped %untrie" !ut &an# are al" fund in

de$elping %untrie". A%%rding t epide&ilgi%al "tudie", the

pre$alen%e f !e"it# in %hildren in%rea"e" e$er# #ear.

A%%rding t data fr& the #ear 2010 R'SESDAS &entined

the prevalence of over.ei!ht and o%esity in children 89&'

years of a!e is of ,'- ther "tudie" &entined an in%rea"e in

the pre$alen%e f $ereight and !e"it# has dou%led everyyear; e"pe%iall# at the age f "%hl %hildren.


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'n 2010 the prevalence of o%esity nationally in 0ndonesia .as

&


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Etilg# and Ri" Fa%tr

;0 f !e"it# %a"e" are

%au"ed !# idiopathic

factors or primary

o%esity or nutritional;

hile 10 f %a"e" are%au"ed !# endo!enous

factors or secondary

o%esity or non

nutritional; hi%h i"%au"ed !# the hormonal

a%normalities; or !enetic

syndromes


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Idiopathic obesitycaused by the interactionof multifactorial. Ingeneral divided by two:

genetic factors

environmental factors

Genetic factors are known to play a major role is

parental fatness, obese children usually come fromfamilies with obesity. If one parent is obese, theprevalence was 40%. And if both parents are not obese,the prevalence dropped to 14%.


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NutritionalPhysical

activity

Trauma(neurological orpsychological)

Medications(steroids) Socio-economic

En$irn&ental Fa%tr"


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Pen#e!a! endgen !e"ita" pada ana ("indr& geneti)

Sindrom genetik Karakteristik klinis

Prader-Willi Obesitas, hiperfagia, retardasi mental,hipogonadism, strabismus

Laurence Moon/Bardet-Bield Obestias, retardasi mental, retinopati

pigmentosa, hipogonadism, paraplegia

spastik

Alstrom Obesitas, retinitis pigmentosa, tuli, diabetes

melitus

Borjeson-Forssman-Lehmann Obesitas, retardasi mental, hipogonadism,

hipermetabolisme, epilepsi

Cohen Obesitas trunkal, retardasi mental,hipotonia, hipogonadism

Turner Perawakan pendek, ambiguous genitalia,

kelainan jantung bawaan, webbed neck,

obesitas, genotipe 45,XO


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Pathph#"ilg#

1. !e"it# and energ#

!alan%e

2. !e"it# andadip%#te"

di"rder"


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face that isrounded thecheeks arechubby double chin the neck isrelatively short chest out

enlarged breasts due to fattissue

belly bulge withabdominal wallmany times

striae are whiteor purple

Great limb in boththe thigh or upper

arm

the fingers arerelatively small

generallyX-shapedlegs

both attached to the innerthigh and rub together,causing lacerations andulcerations that cause bad

odors

buried penis

• Obesity is clinically apparent at any age, butmost often

at the age of 1 year, 5-6 years and adolescence. • Signs and symptoms typical of obesity are :


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Diagn"i"

*hen a %hild i" pre"ent ith !e"it#, it i" ne%e""ar# t

a"%ertain hether the %riteria are &et %lini%all# !e"e

and anthrp&etri%.

Further rth eplring risk factors for o%esity andthe impact that mi!ht occur

Diet and ph#"i%al a%ti$it# i" i&prtant t eplre.


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Treat&ent

'n general, treat&ent f !e"it# i" di$ided int lifestyle

modification and intensive therapy

9ife"t#le &difi%atin "huld !e "u"tained !efre %h"ing the

inten"i$e therap#. 9ife"t#le &difi%atin" in%lude diet, in%rea"ing ph#"i%al a%ti$it#, !eha$ir &difi%atin and the &"t i&prtant i"

the "upprt and in$l$e&ent f the fa&il#.


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DietaryA !alan%ed diet ith a %&p"itin f )(98(-

car%ohydrate; "(- fat; and &)9'(- protein

"uffi%ient fr nr&al grth and de$elp&ent. =igh>

fi!er diet %an help eight %ntrl thrugh the effe%t" ffi!er %an redu%e hunger, filling and de%rea"e fat "trage.


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-radl# "peaing, the prin%iple" f the diet are4

1. A$iding !e"it# and &aintaining nr&al grth.

2. Put a l>%ar!h#drate diet (+: f ttal energ#).

7. Redu%e fat intae (?70 f ttal energ#), "aturated fat (10 fttal energ#), a" ell a" %hle"terl ?700 &g @ da#.

+. 'n%rea"e high>fi!er fd".

5. Fd" ith enugh "alt %ntent (5 gra&" @ da#).

8. 'n%rea"e the input f irn, %al%iu& and flurine.


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Physical activity

Ph#"i%al eer%i"e i" needed t aid

in .ei!ht loss and redistri%ution

of %ody fat into muscle mass

Training pr$ided &u"t !e "&all

and then graduall# in%rea"ed, t

a$id fear and ree%tin f the

%hild. The !e"t a%hie$e&ent i" '(9

"( minutes of moderate activityper day; regardle"" f ph#"i%al

a%ti$it# in "%hl %hildren.


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Behavior modification1.


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Preventions

Revised Ppt Obesitas Anak Fitria

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Transcript of Revised Ppt Obesitas Anak Fitria