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SENARAI JADUAL PERANGKAANLIST OF STATISTICAL TABLES

No. Jadual

Table No.

I. Ekonomi AntarabangsaInternational Economy

Perangkaan Penting Ekonomi Negara-Negara Perindustrian Utama 1.1Key Economic Data Of Major Industrial Countries

ASEANPerangkaan Penting Ekonomi 1.2ASEANKey Economic Data

Perdagangan Antara Negara-Negara ASEAN 1.3Intra-ASEAN Trade

Perangkaan Penting Ekonomi Negara-Negara Membangun Terpilih Di Asia 1.4Key Economic Data Of Selected Developing Countries In Asia

Perangkaan Penting Ekonomi Negara-Negara Membangun Terpilih Di Afrika 1.5Key Economic Data Of Selected Developing Countries In Africa

Perangkaan Penting Ekonomi Negara-Negara Membangun Terpilih 1.6Di Amerika LatinKey Economic Data Of Selected Developing Countries In Latin America

II. Akaun Negara Dan HargaNational Accounts And Prices

Keluaran Negara Kasar Mengikut Agregat Permintaan 2.1Gross National Product By Demand Aggregate

Keluaran Dalam Negeri Kasar Mengikut Punca-Punca Kegiatan 2.2Gross Domestic Product By Industrial Origin

Imbangan Pembayaran 2.3Balance Of Payments

Indeks Harga Pengguna 2.4Consumer Price Index

Indeks Harga Pengeluar 2.5Producer Price Index

III. Perdagangan Dan PengeluaranTrade And Production

Perdagangan Barangan Mengikut SITC Dan Haluan 3.1Commodity Trade By SITC And Direction

Pengeluaran, Eksport Dan Harga Barangan Utama 3.2Production, Exports And Prices Of Major Primary Commodities

Eksport Utama Mengikut Haluan 3.3Direction Of Major Exports

Import Utama Mengikut Sumber 3.4Sources Of Major Imports

Eksport Barang-Barang Perkilangan 3.5Exports Of Manufactured Goods

Indeks Pengeluaran Perusahaan 3.6Industrial Production Indices

IV. Kewangan AwamPublic Finance

Kewangan Sektor Awam Disatukan 4.1Consolidated Public Sector Finance

Kewangan Kerajaan Persekutuan 4.2Federal Government Finance

Hasil Kerajaan Persekutuan 4.3Federal Government Revenue

Perbelanjaan Mengurus Kerajaan PersekutuanMengikut Objek 4.4Federal Government Operating ExpenditureBy Object

Perbelanjaan Mengurus Kerajaan PersekutuanMengikut Sektor 4.5Federal Government Operating ExpenditureBy Sector


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No. Jadual

Table No.

Perbelanjaan Pembangunan Kerajaan Persekutuan 4.6Federal Government Development Expenditure

Pinjaman Bersih Kerajaan Persekutuan 4.7Federal Government Net Borrowing

Hutang Dalam Negeri Kerajaan Persekutuan 4.8Federal Government Domestic Debt

Hutang Luar Negeri 4.9External Debt

Pinjaman yang Belum Dijelaskan Kepada Kerajaan Persekutuan Daripada 4.10Badan Awam, Kerajaan Negeri Dan Lain-lain

Outstanding Loans Due To The Federal Government From Public Authorities,State Governments And Others

Kewangan Kerajaan Negeri Disatukan 4.11State Governments Consolidated Finance

Kewangan Kerajaan Tempatan Disatukan 4.12Local Governments Consolidated Finance

Kewangan Badan Berkanun Disatukan 4.13Statutory Bodies Consolidated Finance

Kedudukan Kewangan PABK 4.14Financial Position Of NFPEs

V. Wang Dan BankMoney And Banking

Agregat Kewangan 5.1Monetary Aggregates

Pinjaman Dan Pendahuluan Bank-Bank Perdagangan 5.2Commercial Bank Loans And Advances

Kadar Faedah Utama 5.3Key Interest Rates

Kadar Pertukaran Utama 5.4Key Exchange Rates

Pusing Ganti Perniagaan Bursa Saham Kuala Lumpur 5.5Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange Turnover

VI. GunatenagaEmployment

Gunatenaga Dan Buruh 6.1Employment And Labour

Penganggur Berdaftar, Kerja-Kerja Kosong Dan Penempatan 6.2Registered Unemployed, New Vacancies And Placements

VII. Sektor SwastaPrivate Sector

Petunjuk-Petunjuk Pelaburan Dan Penggunaan Swasta 7.1Private Investment And Consumption Indicators

VIII.Pelaburan AsingForeign Investment

Pelaburan Asing Dalam Projek-Projek Yang Diberi Kelulusan Mengikut Negara 8.1Dan Perusahaan

Foreign Investment In Approved Projects By Country And Industry

IX. Petunjuk-Petunjuk Sosio-EkonomiSocio-Economic Indicators

Perangkaan Sosio-Ekonomi Terpilih 9.1Selected Socio-Economic Statistics


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STATISTICAL ANNOTATION

The Statistical Appendix provides key economic data in a time

series.Each table contains selected economic data of current interest.

Some of the tables shown in previous Reports have beenseparated

to provide a comprehensive yet simpler presentation. Percentage

rates of change have been provided for the moreimportant variables

as a quick indication of economic trends. In addition, percentage

proportions of totals have been given wheredeemed useful. Wherever

necessary, footnotes have been provided.

In some series, historical figures have been revised. Estimates for

1998 are based on six to eight months dataand forecasts for 1999 have

been provided where appropriate.

Unless otherwise stated, the source of data is the Economicsand

International Division of the Ministry of Finance.

Symbols used are:

n.a. = Not available

n.e.s. = Not elsewhere stated

f.o.b. = Free on board

c.i.f. = Cost, insurance and freight

RM = Malaysian Ringgit

The following abbreviations refer to sources of data:

ADB = Asian Development Bank

BNM = The Central Bank of Malaysia

DOS = Department of Statistics

EPU = Economic Planning Unit

IMF = International Monetary Fund

IFS = International Financial Statistics

MAS = Malaysia Airlines System Berhad

MHR = Ministry of Human Resources

MIDA = Malaysian Industrial Development Authority

MISC = Malaysian International Shipping Corporation

ME = Ministry of Education

MH = Ministry of Health

OECD = Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development

PETRONAS = Petroliam Nasional Berhad

PNSL = Perbadanan Nasional Shipping Line

PWD = Public Works Department

RTD = Road Transport Department

SDR = Special Drawing Rights

TNB = Tenaga Nasional Berhad

CATATAN PERANGKAAN

Lampiran Perangkaan memberi perangkaan penting dalam sirimasa. Setiap jadual mengandungi data ekonomi terpilih, mengenaikepentingan semasa.

Sebahagian daripada jadual-jadual yang ditunjukkan dalamlaporan-laporan terdahulu telah diasingkan supaya dapat memberipersembahan yang mudah difahami. Kadar perubahan peratus diberisebagai satu penunjuk aliran ekonomi untuk data yang dianggaplebih penting. Pembahagian peratus juga diberi di mana dianggap

berguna. Di mana sesuai nota kaki diberi.

Dalam beberapa siri, data terdahulu telah dipinda. Anggaran bagi1998 adalah berasaskan kepada maklumat bagi enam hingga lapanbulan dan ramalan bagi 1999 diberi di mana sesuai.

Jika tidak disebut sumbernya, data adalah disediakan olehBahagian Ekonomi dan Antarabangsa, Kementerian Kewangan.

Simbol-simbol yang digunakan adalah:

n.a. = Tidak terdapat

t.s.t.l. = Tidak disebut di tempat lain

f.o.b. = Tanpa tambang dan insurans

c.i.f. = Kos, insurans dan tambang

RM = Ringgit Malaysia

Ringkasan berikut menunjukkan sumber data:

ADB = Bank Pembangunan Asia

BNM = Bank Negara Malaysia

JP = Jabatan Perangkaan

UPE = Unit Perancang Ekonomi

IMF = Kumpulan Wang Antarabangsa

IFS = Perangkaan Kewangan Antarabangsa

MAS = Sistem Penerbangan Malaysia Berhad

KSM = Kementerian Sumber Manusia

MIDA = Lembaga Kemajuan Perindust rian Malaysia

MISC = Perbadanan Perkapalan AntarabangsaMalaysia

KP = Kementerian Pendidikan

KK = Kementerian Kesihatan

OECD = Pertubuhan untuk Kerjasama danPembangunan Ekonomi

PETRONAS = Petroliam Nasional Berhad

PNSL = Perbadanan Nasional Shipping Line

JKR = Jabatan Kerja Raya

JPJ = Jabatan Pengangkutan Jalan

SDR = Hak Pengeluaran Khas

TNB = Tenaga Nasional Berhad


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1.1 PERANGKAAN PENTING EKONOMINEGARA-NEGARA PERINDUSTRIAN UTAMA

Luas Kawasan Bilangan Pertumbuhan KDNK Kadar Pertumbuhan(ribu kilometer Penduduk KDNK Per Kapita Faedah1 Harga

persegi) (juta) Benar (AS$) (%) Pengguna(%) (%)

Area Population Real GDP GDP Interest Growth in (thousand square (millions) Growth Per Capita Rates 1 Consumer

kilometres) (%) (US$) (%) Prices

(%)

Semua Negara Perindustrian 31,168.5All Industrial Countries

1994 817.7 2.9 7.1 2.31995 822.1 2.2 6.7 2.41996 826.8 2.8 6.0 2.31997 831.4 2.9 5.2 2.019987 2.3 4.7 1.519998 2.0 1.7

Amerika Syarikat 9,363.0United States of America

1994 260.6 3.5 26,614 7.1 2.61995 263.0 2.3 27,621 6.6 2.81996 265.4 3.4 28,766 6.4 2.91997 267.9 3.9 30,160 6.4 2.3

19987 3.5 5.5 1.619998 2.0 2.3

Jepun 377.7Japan

1994 125.0 0.6 37,524 4.2 0.71995 125.2 1.5 41,033 3.3 0.11996 125.8 3.9 36,539 3.0 0.11997 0.8 33,339 2.1 1.719987 2.5 1.4 0.419998 0.5 0.5

United Kingdom 244.1United Kingdom

1994 58.4 4.3 17,550 8.2 2.41995 58.6 2.7 18,965 8.2 2.81996 58.8 2.2 19,716 7.8 2.9

1997 3.4 21,916 6.5 2.819987 2.3 5.9 2.819998 1.2 2.8

Jerman9 357.0Germany9

1994 81.4 2.7 25,132 7.1 2.71995 81.7 1.2 29,562 6.9 1.81996 81.9 1.3 28,724 6.2 1.51997 2.2 25,674 5.6 1.819987 2.6 4.7 1.019998 2.5 1.4

Perancis 549.2France

1994 57.9 2.8 22,988 7.4 1.71995 58.1 2.1 26,403 7.6 1.81996 58.4 1.6 26,363 6.4 2.0

1997 58.6 2.3 23,765 5.6 1.219987 3.1 4.9 1.119998 2.8 1.3

1 Kadar faedah utama Bank-bank Perdagangan (peratus setahun pada akhir tempoh). Data bagi tahun 1998 adalah sehingga bulan Jun 1998.2 Komposit bagi kumpulan-kumpulan negara ialah purata kadar pengangguran negara diwajarkan mengikut jumlah tenaga buruh di negara masing-masing.3 Eksport t.p.i. tolak import k.i.p.4 Data bagi tahun 1998 adalah yang mutakhir dari IFS September 1998.5 Kecuali Jepun dan Jerman (% daripada KDNK).6 Jumlah rizab tolak emas. Data adalah yang mutakhir dari IFS September 1998.7 Anggaran.8 Unjuran.9 Angka-angka meliputi Jerman bersatu.

Sumber: IMF World Economic Outlook, OECD Economic Outlook, OECD Main Economic Indicators, IMF International Financial Statistics, World Development Report dansumber dalam negeri.


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1.1 KEY ECONOMIC DATA OF MAJORINDUSTRIAL COUNTRIES

Kadar Imbangan Imbangan Akaun Indeks Tabungan Negara Pembentukan RizabPengangguran2 Perdagangan 3 Semasa Imbangan Pengeluaran Kasar5 Modal Tetap Antarabangsa

(%) (AS$ ribu juta) Pembayaran Perusahaan4 (% daripada KNK) Kasar5 Kasar6

(AS$ ribu juta) (1990=100) (% daripada KNK) (AS$ ribu juta)

Unemployment Balance of Current Account Index of Gross National Gross Fixed Gross Rates2 Trade3 Balance of the Industrial Savings 5 Capital International

(%) (US$ billion) Balance of Payments Production 4 (% of GNP) Formation 5 Reserves6

(US$ billion) (1990=100) (% of GNP) (US$ billion)

8.1 61.3 19.2 101.3 7.7 105.2 50.3 105.2 7.7 66.4 38.7 107.0 7.5 67.0 64.0 111.5 7.1 70 3 19.5 7.1 74.3 66.4

6.1 166.2 123.8 110.3 16.2 13.7 63.35.6 173.6 115.3 115.7 15.9 13.9 74.85.4 191.2 134.9 119.8 14.3 64.044.9 198.9 155.2 125.7 14.6 58.91

4.5 226.3 236.3 4.8 260.1 290.4

2.9 144.1 130.6 91.8 31.3 28.6 125.93.1 131.2 111.4 94.9 30.8 28.5 183.23.3 83.6 65.8 97.7 29.7 216.63.4 101.8 94.1 101.9 28.3 219.64.1 126.7 131.4 4.3 146.6 135.8

9.3 17.0 2.5 104.5 13.5 14.8 41.08.0 18.3 5.8 106.7 13.9 15.3 42.07.3 19.8 2.9 107.9 15.2 39.95.5 21.3 7.3 109.4 15.2 32.324.8 31.6 18.7 4.9 36.0 21.1

9.6 50.9 20.3 99.8 21.2 22.0 77.49.4 65.0 22.6 101.3 21.4 21.7 85.0

10.4 71.3 13.8 101.0 20.9 83.211.5 77.2 4.0 104.9 20.1 77.610.9 89.0 6.4 10.6 97.5 8.0

12.3 7.1 7.4 97.4 19.0 18.2 26.311.6 11.0 10.9 99.0 19.7 18.0 26.812.4 15.0 20.5 100.0 17.5 26.8

12.5 27.8 39.4 103.0 17.1 30.911.8 32.4 31.4 11.2 35.2 28.4

1 Commercial Banks Prime Rates (end of period in per cent per annum). Figures for 1998 are as at end June 1998.2 Composites for the country groups are averages of national unemployment rates weighted by labour force in the respective countries.3 Exports f.o.b. less imports c.i.f.4 Figures for 1998 are the latest available in the September 1998 IFS.5 Except Japan and Germany (% of GDP).6 Total reserves minus gold. Figures are the latest available in the September 1998 IFS.7 Estimates.8 Forecasts.9 Figures cover unified Germany.

Sources: IMF World Economic Outlook, OECD Economic Outlook, OECD Main Economic Indicat ors, IMF International Finan cial Statistics, World Development Report andnational sources.


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1.2 ASEAN: PERANGKAAN PENTING EKONOMI

Luas Kawasan Bilangan Pertumbuhan KNK Per Kapita Pertumbuhan Imbangan(kilometer Penduduk KDNK Benar Pada Harga Harga Akaun Semasapersegi) (juta) (%) Pasaran Semasa Pengguna Imbangan

(AS $) (%) Pembayaran(AS$ ribu juta)

Area Population Real GDP GNP Per Capita Growth in Current Account (square (millions) Growth at Current Consumer Prices Balance of the

kilometres) (%) Market Prices (%) Balance of (US$) Payments

(US$ billion)

Brunei 5,765Brunei

1993 0.28 0.5 11,898 4.3 1.41994 0.28 1.8 3.0 1.01995 0.28 2.0 6.0 0.61996 0.30 2.8 2.0 0.71997 0.31 4.0 1.7 19984 0.32 2.6 2.0

Indonesia 1,919,443Indonesia

1993 189.1 7.3 835 9.7 3.41994 192.2 7.5 920 8.5 2.81995 195.3 8.2 1,035 9.4 6.81996 198.3 8.0 1,146 7.9 7.61997 201.4 4.6 1,066 6.6 3.919984 204.6 15.0 60.0 2.1

Malaysia 329,733Malaysia

1993 19.6 8.3 2,970 3.6 3.11994 20.1 9.3 3,515 3.7 5.6

1995 20.7 9.4 3,960 3.4 8.61996 21.2 8.6 4,463 3.5 4.81997 21.7 7.7 4,284 2.7 5.119984 22.2 4.8 3,013 5.2* 5.1

Filipina 300,000Philippines

1993 65.7 2.1 812 7.6 3.31994 67.0 4.4 934 9.0 3.01995 68.4 4.8 1,055 8.1 3.31996 71.9 5.7 1,152 8.4 3.91997 73.6 5.1 1,118 6.0 4.319984 75.3 0.6 10.0 1.0

Singapura 641Singapore

1993 3.4 10.1 17,355 2.2 4.21994 3.5 10.1 20,472 3.1 11.21995 3.6 8.7 23,663 1.7 14.31996 3.7 6.9 25,150 1.4 14.61997 3.7 7.8 2.0 14.819984 3.8 0.0 1.8 17.7

Thailand 514,000Thailand

1993 58.0 8.3 2,159 3.3 8.01994 58.7 8.8 2,459 5.0 13.51995 59.4 8.7 2,831 5.8 13.21996 60.0 5.5 3,025 5.9 14.41997 60.6 0.4 2,540 5.6 3.019984 61.3 8.0 9.0 12.1

Vietnam 331,690Vietnam

1993 72.9 8.1 170 5.2 0.91994 73.1 8.8 14.5 1.21995 74.7 9.5 12.8 1.81996 76.3 9.3 5.7 2.81997 77.9 8.8 3.2 3.119984 79.5 4.0 9.0

Myanmar 671,000Myanmar

1993 43.1 5.9 1,357 31.8 0.331994 43.9 6.8 1,801 24.1 0.311995 45.1 7.7 2,365 25.2 n.a.1996 45.6 7.0 2,910 20.0 n.a.

1997 46.4 7.0 3,686 10.0 n.a.19984 47.2

Laos 236,800Laos

1993 4.60 5.2 289 6.3 1.461994 4.74 8.0 326 6.7 2.211995 4.88 6.7 361 19.4 1.981996 5.04 6.8 368 13.0 2.081997 5.16 6.5 19.3 19984 5.28

1 Jumlah rizab tolak emas kecuali bagi Singapura yang jumlahnya termasuk emas. Data bagi tahun 1997 adalah sehingga bulan Julai sahaja.2 Ditakrifkan sebagai bayaran perkhidmatan ke atas hutang luar negeri sebagai peratus eksport barangan dan perkhidmatan.3 Kecuali bagi Malaysia, yang merupakan peratus daripada KNK.4 Anggaran.* Bagi tempoh Jan.-Sept. 1998.

Sumber: IFS, laporan-laporan negara dan Petunjuk-petunjuk Pembangunan Dunia.


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1.2ASEAN: KEY ECONOMIC DATA

Rizab Antarabangsa Nisbah Khidmat Jumlah Hutang Kadar Tabungan PembentukanKasar1 Hutang2 Luar Negeri Pengangguran Negara Kasar Modal Tetap

(AS $ juta) (AS$ ribu juta) (% daripada (% daripada KDNK)3 Kasartenaga buruh) (% daripada KDNK)3

Gross International Debt Servicing Total External Unemployment rates Gross National Gross Fixed Reserves Ratio 2 Debt (% of labour force) Savings Capital Formation

(US$ million) (US$ billion) (% of GNP)3 (% of GDP)3

2,479.0 n.a. n.a. n.a.4,382.0 n.a. n.a. n.a.5,874.0 n.a. n.a. n.a.6,001.0 n.a. n.a.6,225.0 n.a. n.a.

11,263 33.6 89.1 3.1 32.8 35.912,133 30.7 96.5 4.4 31.9 34.313,708 30.9 107.8 7.2 31.4 37.818,251 33.7 120.2 4.9 33.7 20,336 32.9 128.1 35.2 n.a.

27,249 6.2 20.2 3.0 34.7 39.825,423 4.9 22.5 2.9 34.4 42.5

23,774 6.0 27.4 2.8 35.3 45.527,783 5.7 29.1 2.5 38.5 43.721,704 5.1 44.7 2.6 39.4 44.822,600 7.2 31.5 4.9 41.9 34.2

4,676 18.7 34.2 9.8 14.6 23.86,017 17.4 37.8 9.5 15.0 22.3

6,372 16.0 38.3 9.5 19.0 23.610,030 12.5 39.0 8.4 20.5 22.310,408 12.0 39.8 7.2 21.0 n.a.

48,361 2.7 48.3 40.058,177 2.6 49.2 34.468,695 2.7 49.9 76,847 3.0 49.7 78,664 n.a. 51.3 n.a.

24,474 10.7 46.8 1.5 34.3 39.929,332 10.6 55.0 1.3 35.2 39.2

35,982 11.3 68.1 1.1 35.0 40.637,731 11.0 90.5 35.3 32,316 11.0 91.8 1.1 35.6 n.a.

89.7

404 26.8 4.7 n.a. 11.2 19.4876 20.4 5.4 n.a. 16.6 21.9

1,185 10.1 7.1 n.a. 17.4 23.6 9.2 n.a. 18.0 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.

422.0 5.7 5.7 518 10.9 n.a.561.1 6.5 6.5 541 11.0 n.a.

2 29.2 6.5 5.7 n.a. 11.9 n.a.207.3 5.7 5.5 n.a. n.a. n.a.

n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a.

60.93 4.0 0.492 n.a. n.a. 19.492.11 3.3 0.580 n.a. n.a. 21.9169.5 5.2 0.675 n.a. n.a. 23.6182.9 6.0 0.805 n.a. n.a.

n.a. 8.5 0.945 n.a. n.a. n.a.

1 Total reserves minus gold except for Singapores which include gold. Data for 1997 until July only.2Defined as service payments on external debt as a percentage ofexports of goods and services.3Except for Malaysia, which is as a percentage of GNP.4Estimates.* For the period Jan.-Sept. 1998.

Source: IFS, national reports and World Development Indicators.


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1.3 PERDAGANGAN ANTARA NEGARA-NEGARA ASEAN 1.3 INTRA-ASEAN TRADE

AS$ juta US$ million

Perdagangan Antara Negara-Negara ASEAN

Intra-ASEAN Trade

Ke Brunei Indonesia Malaysia Filipina Singapura Thailand Myanmar Laos

To Brunei Indonesia Malaysia Philippines Singapore Thailand Myanmar Laos

Dari Import Eksport Import Eksport Import Eksport Import Eksport Import Eksport Import Eksport Import Eksport Import Eksport

From Imports Exports Imports Exports Imports Exports Imports Exports Imports Exports Imports Exports Imports Exports Imports Exports

BruneiBrunei

1993 47.7 0.9 207.9 2.3 2.6 54.1 698.4 196.3 39.8 205.1

1994 49.1 1.0 287.3 29.5 3.7 32.9 896.9 189.2 49.1 211.8

1995 54.0 1.0 326.0 4.0 3.0 14.1 1,612.4 203.0 71.0 263.0

1996 29.3 0.7 357.6 4.0 3.5 0.2 1,881.5 187.1 81.7 195.4

19971 22.2 0.7 232.3 17.4 3.1 1,191.0 131.7 64.4 129.6

Indonesia

Indonesia1993 1.0 43.0 517.0 586.0 57.0 285.0 1,793.0 3,372.0 235.0 468.0 15.0 40.0

1994 1.0 44.0 681.0 820.0 74.0 371.0 698.0 1,851.0 443.0 395.0 19.0 42.0

1995 1.0 49.0 1,073.0 1,110.0 135.0 560.0 892.0 611.0 22.0 47.0

19961 1.0 44.0 1,340.0 1,124.0 90.0 688.0 2,875.0 4,565.0 1,095.0 823.0

19971

1,004. 0 993.0 90.0 536.0 1,119. 0 652.0

Malaysia

Malaysia

1993 3.0 194.9 714.3 563.6 227.1 498.2 7,211.7 10,607.7 1,175.8 1,757.0 58.0 104.0 1994 32.4 261.0 942.0 714.5 321.9 611.0 8,385.8 12,167.3 1,473.6 2,217.6 27.0 221.0

1995 4.0 296.0 1,221.0 976.0 461.0 676.0 9,619.0 15,013.0 2,050.0 2,901.0 41.0 232.0

1996 5.0 325.0 1,425.0 1,218.0 799.0 938.0 10,471.0 16,014.0 2,592.0 3,207.0 40.0 221.0

19972 4,088.2 24,010.0 129,299.4 90,348.3 47,585.3 93,224.4 910,286.5 1,329,912.2 263,052.0 195,789.5 3, 557.9 18,217.7 1 .4 2.1

Filipina

Philippines1993 51.0 2.0 343.0 48.0 358.0 160.0 979.0 378.0 179.0 167.0

1994 36.0 3.0 398.0 72.0 487.0 221.0 1,489.0 707.0 212.0

1995 4.0 3.0 616.0 123.0 667.0 358.0 1,134.0 869.0 430.0 770.0 1996 3.0 792.0 687.0 1,689.0 1,224.0 575.0 780.0

19971 2.7 537.8 132.9 821.8 584.2 2,406. 8 1,317. 3 541.6 473.4

SingapuraSingapore

1993 216.0 635.0 14,042.0 10,497.0 503.0 1,373.0 3,518.0 4,213.0 111.0 335.0 10.0

1994 208.0 815.0 16,726.0 19,030.0 780.0 1,577.0 4,885.0 5,355.0 140.0 391.0 3.0 28.0

1995 223.0 1,466.0 19,250.0 22,665.0 1,100.0 1,928.0 6,417.0 6,824.0 211.0 637.0 11.0 41.0

1996 206.0 1,710.0 19,730.0 22,513.0 1,390.0 2,297.0 7,177.0 7,096.0 206.0 722.0

19971 145.0 1,083.0 15,187.0 16,783.0 1,449.0 2,188.0 5,250.0 4,604.6 126.0 532.0

Thailand

Thailand1993 179.0 36.0 512.9 202.1 1,674.4 1,040.8 180.7 198.0 2,969.0 4,459.0 63.0 175.01994 189.0 48.0 452.0 441.0 2,641.0 1,672.0 353.0 223.0 3,439.0 6,167.0 32.0 89.0 69.0 292.0

1995 289.0 64.0 672.4 811.0 3,235.7 1,554.8 580.7 414.0 4,162.0 7,917.0 40.0 57.0 70.0 354.0

1996 215.0 74.0 939.0 864.0 3 ,606.0 2 ,014.0 575.0 631.0 4,004.0 6,749.0

19971 142.0 58.0 746.0 983.0 2,550.0 1 ,965.0 450.0 522.0 3,269.0 4,845.0

Myanmar

Myanmar

1993 44.0 14.0 1 14.0 52.0 368.0 101.0 1994 46.8 17.0 244.0 25.0 430.0 128.0 98.0 29.0 1995 51.0 20.0 255.0 63.0 701.0 192.0 63.0 37.0

1996 85.8 29.7 2 42.9 36.4 819.0 187.3

19971 80.5 29.7 285.7 36.5 600.7 115.1

Laos

Laos1993 1.0 11.0 193 57.0

1994 1.0 1.0 31.0 3.0 321 63.0

1995 1.0 45.0 10.0 390 63.0 1996 n.a.

19971

Sumber: IMF Direction of Trade Statistics, Mac 1998.Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia.

1 Data bagi tahun 1997 adalah sehingga bulan September sahaja.2 Data bagi tahun 1997 adalah sehingga bulan Disember.

Source: IMF Direction of Trade Statistics, March1998.Department of Statistics, Malaysia

1 Data for 1997 until September only.2 Data for 1997 until December.


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1.4 PERANGKAAN PENTING EKONOMI 1.4 KEY ECONOMIC DATA OFNEGARA-NEGARA MEMBANGUN TERPILIH SELECTED DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

Di Asia In Asia

Bilangan Pertumbuhan KDNK Inflasi Imbangan Hutang Tabungan Pembentukan

Penduduk KDNK Per Kapita (%) Akaun Semasa Negara Negara Kasar Modal(juta) Benar (AS$) Imbangan (AS$ ribu (% daripada Tetap Kasar

(%) Pembayaran juta) KNK) (% daripada(AS$ ribu juta) KDNK)

Population Real GDP Inflation Current External Gross Gross Fixed (millions) GDP Per Capita (%) Account Debt National Capital

Growth (US$) Balance of (US$ billion) Savings Formation (%) the Balance (% of GNP) (% of GDP)

of Payments

(US$ billion)

R.R. ChinaP.R. of China

1994 1,212.0 12.6 479 21.7 0.5 95.0 41.5 36.6

1995 1,227.0 10.5 523 14.8 17.2 97.1 39.0 36.5

1996 1,236.0 9.6 654 4.5 30.0 128.8 39.3

1997 1,250.0 8.8 734 2.8 26.2 134.0 38.6

1998 5.5 781 < 1 28.2 140.0

Hong KongHong Kong

1994 6.1 5.4 21,672 8.1 2.6 24.2 29.6 29.8

1995 6.2 4.7 22,625 8.7 2.8 28.6 31.4

1996 6.3 4.6 24,475 5.3 2.0 31.6

1997 6.5 5.3 26,307 5.7 5.9 28.6

1998 5.0 27,653 3.0 1.9 37.3

IndiaIndia

1994 891.1 6.9 341 10.0 0.6 99.0 25.4 22.5

1995 908.6 7.4 373 10.2 1.4 92.2 28.5 21.9

1996 925.5 7.5 384 6.9 5.8 92.2 27.1

1997 936 5.6 392 6.3 6.0 93.4 27.7

1998 4.8 487 7.2 7.1 94.4

Korea SelatanSouth Korea

1994 44.4 8.6 8,573 6.3 4.5 50.5 35.2 35.7

1995 44.9 8.9 10,174 4.5 8.9 84.8 36.2 36.6

1996 45.3 7.1 10,801 4.9 23.0 108.4 35.4

1997 45.7 5.5 9,981 4.4 8.2 151.3 34.7

1998 7.0 6,821 8.5 39.0 155.2 34.7

TaiwanTaiwan

1994 21.0 6.5 11,476 4.1 6.2 43.6 26.7 24.3

1995 21.2 6.0 12,483 3.7 4.8 38.8 26.4 24.41996 21.5 5.7 12,695 3.1 11.0 62.1 26.0

1997 21.7 6.9 11,840 2.1 7.7 48.8 26.5

1998 21.7 4.0 12,967 2.0 5.1 76.8

1 Harga pengguna di bandar.

2 % daripada KNK.

Sumber:IMF World Economic Outlook, International FinancialStatistics, World Development Indicators, Asian DevelopmentOutlook dan laporan-laporan negara.

1 Urban consumer prices.

2 % of GNP.

Source: IMF World Economic Outlook, International Financial Statistics,World Development Indicators, Asian Development Outlookand national reports.


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1.5 PERANGKAAN PENTING EKONOMI 1.5 KEY ECONOMIC DATA OFNEGARA-NEGARA MEMBANGUN TERPILIH SELECTED DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

Di Afrika In Africa

Bilangan Pertumbuhan KNK Inflasi Imbangan Hutang Tabungan PembentukanPenduduk KDNK Per Kapita (%) Akaun Semasa Negara Negara Kasar Modal

(juta) Benar (AS$) Imbangan (AS$ ribu (% daripada Tetap Kasar(%) Pembayaran juta) KNK) (% daripada

(AS$ ribu juta) KNK)

Population Real GNP Inflation Current External Gross Gross Fixed

(millions) GDP Per Capita (%) Account Debt National Capital Growth (US$) Balance of (US$ billion) Savings Formation

(%) the Balance (% of GNP) (% of GNP)of Payments

(US$ billion)

AlgeriaAlgeria

1994 27.5 1.1 1,526 29.0 1.8 29.5 29.0

1995 28.1 3.9 1,467 29.8 2.2 32.5 29.6

1996 28.6 3.8 18.7 1.2 33.5 29.6

1997 29.2 1.3 5.7 3.4 30.0

19981 29.8 4.0 5.7

MesirEgypt

1994 57.6 2.7 892 9.0 0.4 40.6 20.3

1995 59.2 3.2 1,020 9.4 0.2 33.0 18.8

1996 60.6 4.3 1,111 7.2 0.2 31.0 18.4

1997 62.0 5.0 1,217 6.2 1.5 28.8 19.6

19981 5.0 3.3 1.4 28.6

NigeriaNigeria

1994 108.5 2.6 383 76.8 1.6 29.4 9.3

1995 111.7 2.5 51.6 0.9 28.1

1996 115.1 6.9 14.3 5.9 27.1

1997 118.5 3.9 8.5 1.8 28.7

19981 2.0 9.0 35.0

SenegalSenegal

1994 8.1 2.0 32.1 0.4 4.4 14.7

1995 8.4 4.8 8.1 0.4 7.4 15.2

1996 8.6 5.6 2.8 0.4 17.4

1997 8.9 5.2 1.8 0.3 3.4 18.7

19981 9.0 5.3 2.4 0.3

ZimbabweZimbabwe

1994 11.2 6.8 617 22.3 0.3 4.5 14.5 21.9

1995 11.5 0.1 663 22.6 0.4 5.1 11.9 24.1

1996 11.8 7.3 724 21.4 0.2 5.0 16.2 22.0

1997 12.2 3.7 19.0 0.8 5.2 17.1

19981 12.6 3.0 23.8 0.4 5.2

1 Estimates.

Sources: IMF World Economic Outlook, International Financial Statistics,World Development Report and E.I.U. Report.

1 Anggaran.

Sumber:IMF World Economic Outlook, International FinancialStatistics, World Development Report dan E.I.U. Report.


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1.6 PERANGKAAN PENTING EKONOMI 1.6 KEY ECONOMIC DATA OFNEGARA-NEGARA SEDANG MEMBANGUN TERPILIH SELECTED DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

Di Amerika Latin In Latin America

Bilangan Pertumbuhan KNK Inflasi Imbangan Hutang Tabungan PembentukanPenduduk KDNK Per Kapita (%) Akaun Semasa Negara Negara Kasar Modal

(juta) Benar (AS$) Imbangan (AS$ ribu (% daripada Tetap Kasar(%) Pembayaran juta) KDNK) (% daripada

(AS$ ribu juta) KNK)

Population Real GNP Inflation Current External Gross Gross Fixed

(millions) GDP Per Capita (%) Account Debt National Capital Growth (US$) Balance of (US$ billion) Savings Formation

(%) the Balance (% of GDP) (% of GDP)of Payments

(US$ billion)

ArgentinaArgentina

1994 34.3 8.5 4.2 10.2 90.7 19.91995 34.7 4.6 3.4 3.9 99.5 1996 35.2 4.3 0.2 3.9 110.0 1997 35.7 8.6 0.8 6.3 115.6 19981 36.2 5.0 1.3 6.3 115.6

Brazil

Brazil1994 153.7 5.7 2,124.0 1.6 157.0 20.81995 155.8 4.2 18.1 173.0 19.21996 158.0 2.8 11.1 24.3 190.0 1997 159.9 3.2 7.9 27.1 198.7 19981 162.6 1.5 5.0 27.1 198.7

ChileChile

1994 14.0 4.2 11.4 0.7 21.6 25.3 24.31995 14.2 8.5 8.2 0.3 21.8 23.21996 14.4 7.4 7.4 2.9 21.8 24.41997 14.6 7.1 6.1 1.3 23.1 19981 14.8 4.5 5.4

MexicoMexico

1994 93.0 4.4 7.0 29.4 136.5 13.7 20.31995 94.5 6.1 35.0 1.1 170.1 16.31996 96.2 5.2 34.4 4.6 169.0 17.21997 96.4 7.0 20.6 9.0 173.0 19981 98.1 4.5 15.3 1.3 23.1

PeruPeru

1994 23.1 13.1 23.7 2.5 30.1 21.01995 23.5 7.0 11.1 4.3 32.1 22.61996 23.9 2.6 11.5 3.6 29.5 1997 24.4 7.2 8.5 2.9 30.3 19981 24.8 3.0 7.5 23.1

VenezuelaVenezuela

1994 21.4 2.9 60.8 2.6 38.0 20.7 15.91995 21.6 3.4 59.9 2.2 36.6 15.11996 22.7 0.4 99.9 6.5 33.1 14.71997 23.2 5.1 50.0 4.1 32.9 19981 23.7 2.5 37.0 1.3 23.1

1 Estimates.

Sources: IMF World Economic Outlook, International Financial Statistics,World Development Report and E.I.U. Reports.

1 Anggaran.

Sumber:IMF World Economic Outlook, International Financial Statistics,World Development Report dan E.I.U. Report.


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2.1 KELUARAN NEGARA KASAR MENGIKUT AGREGAT PERMINTAAN1

RM juta, Malaysia

Perbelanjaan penggunaan Pembentukan modal tetap kasar

Final consumption expenditure Gross fixed capital formation (A) (B)

Awam Swasta Awam2

Swasta3

Public Private Public 2 Private3

Harga Semasa/Current Prices

1985 11,844 (0.9) 40,283 (1.7) 10,854 ( 9.9) 12,270 ( 8.1)

% Sumbangan 17 56 15 17% Share

1993 21,606 (11.7) 81,313 (8.4) 24,101 (11.9) 39,255 (22.8)

1994 23,936 (10.8) 92,568 (13.8) 24,657 (2.3) 51,700 (31.7)

1995 27,636 (15.5) 104,695 (13.1) 27,543 (11.7) 66,577 (28.8)

1996 28,585 (3.4) 114,594 (9.5) 28,437 (3.2) 77,064 (15.8)

1997 30,679 (7.3) 123,910 (8.1) 31,823 (11.9) 86,093 (11.7)

19985 31,396 (2.3) 117,706 ( 5.0) 31,583 ( 0.8) 59,835 ( 30.5)

% Sumbangan 12.0 44.9 12.1 22.8% Share

19996 32,274 (2.8) 122,017 (3.7) 33,494 (6.1) 62,049 (3.7)

Perubahan purata (%)7

Average change (%)7

(1994-98) 7.8 7.7 5.6 8.8

Harga Tetap 1978/1978 Constant Prices

1985 9,417 ( 0.9) 29,242 ( 0.3) 8,396 ( 10.4) 9,492 ( 8.6)

% Sumbangan 18 55 16 18

% Share

1993 14,903 (10.7) 46,866 (4.6) 15,098 (8.4) 24,591 (19.1)

1994 16,372 (9.9) 51,516 (9.9) 15,004 ( 0.6) 31,459 (27.9)

1995 17,568 (7.3) 56,288 (9.4) 16,304 (8.7) 39,411 (25.3)

1996 17,818 (1.4) 59,668 (6.0) 16,485 (1.1) 44,675 (13.4)

1997 18,763 (5.3) 62,490 (4.7) 17,908 (8.6) 48,446 (8.4)

19985 18,825 (0.3) 56,266 ( 10.0) 15,868 ( 11.4) 30,063 ( 37.9)

% Sumbangan 14.9 44.7 12.6 23.9% Share

19996 19,009 (1.0) 56,355 (0.2) 16,267 (2.5) 30,135 (0.2)

Perubahan purata (%)7

Average change (%)7

(1994-98) 4.8 3.7 1.0 4.1

1 Angka-angka dalam kurungan adalah peratus perubahan tahunan.2 Termasuk pelaburan oleh Perusahaan Awam Bukan Kewangan.3 Termasuk pelaburan petroleum dan gas.4 Termasuk import oleh MAS, MISC dan PNSL.5 Anggaran oleh Kementerian Kewangan.6 Ramalan oleh Kementerian Kewangan.7 Kadar perubahan tahunan kompaun.

Sumber:JP.


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2.1 GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT BY DEMAND AGGREGATE1

RM million, Malaysia

Perubahan Eksport Import KDNK Bayaran KNK padadalam stok barangan dan barangan dan pada harga faktor bersih harga pasaran

perkhidmatan perkhidmatan pasaran ke luar negeribukan faktor bukan faktor4

Change in Exports of Imports of GDP at Net factor GNP at

stocks goods and non- goods and non- market prices payments market prices factor services factor services 4 (F) abroad (H)

(C) (D) (E) F=A+B+C+D-E (G) H=F+G

1,757 42,537 ( 1.5) 38,561 ( 7.4) 77,470 ( 2.6) 5,508 71,962 ( 3.0)

2 59 54 8 100

896 135,525 (18.7) 135,698 ( 21.0) 165,206 (11.2) 8,265 156,941 (11.7)

546 173,771 (28.2) 176,904 ( 30.4) 190,274 (15.2) 9,412 180,862 (15.2)

974 208,699 (20.1) 217,453 ( 22.9) 218,671 (14.9) 10,377 208,294 (15.2)

1,732 229,841 (10.1) 227,286 ( 4.5) 249,503 (14.1) 11,816 237,687 (14.1)

958 261,227 (13.7) 257,407 ( 13.3) 275,367 (10.4) 14,273 261,094 (9.8)

1,666 330,438 (26.5) 289,476 ( 12.5) 279,816 (1.6) 17,725 262,091 (0.4)

126.1 110.4 6.8 100

251 333,210 (0.8) 300,833 (3.9) 282,462 (0.9) 18,413 264,049 (0.7)

19.5 16.4 11.1 10.8

1,262 31,875 ( 0.4) 30,067 ( 9.8) 57,093 ( 1.1) 4,255 52,838 ( 1.3)

2 60 57 8 100

785 89,455 (17.2) 89,511 (19.1) 100,617 (8.3) 5,326 95,291 (8.7)

338 109,566 (22.5) 114,279 (27.7) 109,976 (9.3) 5,970 104,006 (9.1)

644 128,827 (17.6) 138,770 (21.4) 120,272 (9.4) 6,568 113,704 (9.4)

1,485 138,043 (7.2) 144,583 ( 4.2) 130,621 (8.6) 7,455 123,166 (8.3)

568 152,942 (10.8) 159,297 (10.2) 140,684 (7.7) 7,873 132,811 (7.8)

925 156,019 ( 2.0) 142,177 ( 10.7) 133,939 ( 4.8) 8,014 125,925 ( 5.2)

123.9 112.9 6.4 100

140 159,723 (2.4) 146.292 (2.9) 135,338 (1.0) 8,325 127,013 (0.9)

11.8 9.7 5.9 5.7

1 Figures in parentheses are annual percentage changes.2 Includes investments of Non-Financial Public Enterprises.3 Includes petroleum and gas investment.4 Includes imports by MAS, MISC and PNSL.5 Estimates by Ministry of Finance.6 Forecasts by Ministry of Finance.7 Compound annual rates of change.

Source: DOS.


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2.2 KELUARAN DALAM NEGERI KASAR MENGIKUT PUNCA-PUNCA KEGIATAN1

pada harga tetap tahun 1978

RM juta

1992 1993

%Sumbangan

% Share

Pertanian, perhutanan dan perikanan2 15,531 16,205Agriculture, forestry and fishing2 (4.7) (4.3)

Perlombongan dan kuari 8,075 8,039Mining and quarrying (1.6) ( 0.4)

Petroleum 6,807 6,691Petroleum (1.9) ( 1.7)

Perkilangan 26,859 30,324Manufacturing (10.5) (12.9)

Pembinaan 3,619 4,023Construction (11.7) (11.2)

Elektrik, gas dan air 1,931 2,176Electricity, gas and water (13.8) (12.7)

Pengangkutan, penyimpanan dan perhubungan 6,481 6,921Transport, storage and communications (6.6) (6.8)

Perdagangan borong dan runcit, hotel dan restoran 11,190 12,428Wholesale and retail trade, hotels and restaurants (11.1) (11.1)

Kewangan, insurans, hartanah dan perkhidmatan perniagaan3 9,644 10,650Finance, insurance, real estate and business services3 (10.4) (10.4)

Perkhidmatan Kerajaan 9,201 10,073Government services (4.9) (9.5)

Perkhidmatan-perkhidmatan lain4 1,983 2,146Other services4 (8.3) (8.2)

Tolak: Bayaran perkhidmatan bank yang dikenakan 5,376 6,411Less: Imputed bank service charges (11.9) (19.3)

Tambah: Cukai import 3,728 4,043Add: Import duties (7.8) (8.4)

KDNK pada harga pasaran 92,866 100,617GDP at market prices (7.8) (8.3)

1 Angka-angka dalam kurungan adalah peratus perubahan tahunan.

2 Termasuk ternakan dan hortikultur.

3 Termasuk kediaman-kediaman yang didiami oleh pemilik.

4 Perkhimatan-perkhidmatan kemasyarakatan, sosial dan persendirian, perkhidmatan swasta tanpa keuntungan kepada isi rumah dan perkhidmatan

rumahtangga bagi isi rumah.5 Anggaran oleh Kementerian Kewangan.

6 Ramalan oleh Kementerian Kewangan.

Sumber:JP.


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2.2 GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT BY INDUSTRIAL ORIGIN1

in 1978 constant prices

RM million

1994 1995 1996 1997 19985 19996

%

Sumbangan% Share

16,047 16,231 16,584 16,804 15,813 16,421( 1.0) (1.1) (2.2) (1.3) ( 5.9) (3.9)

8,241 8,979 9,381 9,475 9.399 9,517(2.5) (9.0) (4.5) (1.0) ( 0.8) (1.3)

6,819 7,289 7,398 7,384 7,428 7,472(1.9) (6.9) (1.5) ( 0.2) (0.6) (0.6)

34,842 39,790 44,684 50,270 47,354 47,809(14.9) (14.2) (12.2) (12.5) ( 5.8) (1.0)

4,589 5,385 6,150 6,732 5,439 5,002(14.1) (17.3) (14.2) (9.5) ( 19.2) ( 8.0)

2,474 2,797 3,134 3,543 3,791 4,064(13.7) (13.0) (12.1) (13.0) (7.0) (7.2)

7,776 8,852 9,711 10,530 10,835 11,160(12.4) (13.8) (9.7) (8.4) (2.9) (3.0)

13,427 14,781 16,163 17,290 17,047 17,126(8.0) (10.1) (9.4) (7.0) ( 1.4) (0.5)

11,713 12,938 14,825 16,240 16,911 17,615(10.0) (10.5) (14.6) (9.5) (4.1) (4.2)

11,022 11,454 11,931 12,654 12,958 13,276(9.4) (3.9) (4.2) (6.1) (2.4) (2.5)

2,298 2,478 2,687 2,880 2,923 2,970(7.1) (7.8) (8.4) (7.2) (1.5) (1.6)

7,381 8,503 10,032 11,498 12,280 13,378(15.1) (15.2) (18.0) (14.6) (6.8) (8.9)

4,927 5,090 5,402 5,765 3,747 3,755(21.9) (3.3) (6.1) (6.7) ( 35.0) (0.2)

109,976 120,272 130,621 140,684 133,939 135,338(9.3) (9.4) (8.6) (7.7) ( 4.8) (1.0)

1 Figures in parentheses are annual percentage changes.

2 Includes livestock and hortikultur

3 Includes owner-occupied dwellings.

4 Community, social and personal services, private non-profit services to households and domestic services of households.

5 Estimates by Ministry of Finance.

6Forecasts by Ministry of Finance.

Source:DOS.


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2.3 IMBANGAN PEMBAYARAN

RM juta, Malaysia

1987 1988 1989 1990 1991

A. Imbangan akaun dagangan 14,703 14,524 11,871 7,093 1,449Merchandise account balance

Eksport (f.o.b.)/Exports(f.o.b. ) 44,733 54,607 66,727 77,458 92,220

Import (f.o.b.)/Imports (f.o.b.) 30,030 40,083 54,856 70,365 90,771

B. Imbangan akaun perkhidmatan 8,409 10,180 11,392 9,723 13,195Services account balance

Tambang dan insurans 1,185 2,072 3,027 3,837 4,847Freight and insurance

Pengangkutan lain 45 44 5 25 10Other transportation

Perjalanan 1,327 1,403 891 632 547Travel

Pendapatan pelaburan 4,824 5,019 5,935 5,072 6,735Investment income

Urus niaga Kerajaan 193 217 261 3 55Government transactions

Perkhidmatan lain 925 1,425 1,273 1,418 2,095

Other services

C. Imbangan akaun dagangan dan perkhidmatan (C=A+B) 6,294 4,344 479 2,630 11,746Balance on goods and services

D. Pindahan (bers ih)/ Transfers (net) 348 395 219 147 102

E. Imbangan akaun semasa (E=C+D) 6,642 4,739 698 2,483 11,644Balance on current account

F. Imbangan modal jangka panjang 1,405 3,218 2,060 3,473 10,331Balance on longterm capital

Modal rasmi jangka panjang/Official longterm capital 2,470 5,102 2,458 2,836 665

Pelaburan korporat/Corporate investment 1,065 1,884 4,518 6,309 10,996

G. Imbangan asas/ Basic balance (G=E+F) 5,237 1,521 2,758 990 1,313

H. Modal swasta (bersih)/Private capital (net) 2,491 1,962 1,562 1,356 5,135

I. Ralat dan ket inggalan/Errors and omissions 147 663 988 3,019 395

J. Imbangan keseluruhan (lebihan+/kurangan)(J=G+H+I) 2,893 1,104 3,332 5,365 3,427Overall balance (surplus +/deficit )

K. Peruntukan Hak Pengeluaran Khas 0 0 0 0 0Allocations of Special Drawing Rights

L. Sumber IMF 263 0 0 0 0IMF resources

M. Perubahan bersih rizab antarabangsa Bank Negara Malaysia1 2,893 1,104 3,332 5,365 3,427Net change in Central Bank international reserves1

N. Rizab antarabangsa bersih Bank Negara Malaysia 19,432 18,328 21,660 27,025 30,452Central Bank net international reserves

1 Simbol negatif bererti tambahan rizab.

2 Anggaran oleh Kementerian Kewangan.


Sumber: JP.


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xvii

1 A negative symbol indicates a buildup in reserves.

2 Estimate by the Ministry of Finance.

3 Forecast by the Ministry of Finance.

Source: DOS.

2.3 BALANCE OF PAYMENTS


1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 19982 19993

8,609 8,231 4,460 97 10,154 11,337 42,724 33,358

100,910 118,383 148,506 179,491 193,127 218,701 280,248 281,258

92,301 110,152 144,046 179,394 182,973 207,364 237,524 247,900

14,568 16,670 17,005 19,229 19,414 21,792 19,486 19,395

4,265 4,890 7,367 9,028 8,522 9,526 9,725 9,927

355 196 441 737 1,492 2,570 1,987 2,225

657 906 3,603 4,143 4,786 3,553 5,276 6,310

7,920 8,174 9,448 10,338 11,629 13,827 16,135 16,305

54 72 36 23 36 67 84 98

2,739 4,244 4,198 4,720 5,505 4,495 805 1,600

5,959 8,439 12,545 19,132 9,260 10,455 23,238 13,963

337 513 2,225 2,515 2,936 3,698 3,173 2,950

5,622 7,926 14,770 21,647 12,196 14,153 20,065 11,013

10,328 13,864 11,659 16,611 13,525 19,009 13,883

2,876 979 861 6,147 748 4,646 1,643

13,204 12,885 10,798 10,464 12,777 14,363 12,240

4,706 5,938 3,111 5,036 1,329 4,856 33,948

11,957 13,931 8,484 2,529 10,317 11,337 31,798

81 9,370 3,333 1,896 5,401 4,410 24,613

16,744 29,239 8,262 4,403 6,245 10,891 26,763

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

16,744 29,239 8,262 4,403 6,245 10,891 26,763

47,196 76,435 68,172 63,769 70,014 59,123 85,886


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2.4 INDEKS HARGA PENGGUNA1

1994=100

Tempoh Jumlah Makanan Minuman dan Pakaian dantembakau kasut

Period Total Food Beverages and Clothing and

tobacco footwear

MALAYSIA

Wajaran2(Weights)2% 100.0 34.9 3.6 3.6

1994 100.0 (3.7) 100.0 (5.3) 100.0 (5.0) 100.0 ( 0.7)

1995 103.4 (3.4) 104.9 (4.9) 102.3 (2.3) 100.0 (0.0)

1996 107.0 (3.5) 110.9 (5.7) 104.6 (2.2) 99.3 ( 0.7)

1997 109.5 (2.6) 114.9 (4.3) 105.6 (1.1) 98.9 ( 0.6)

19983 115.2 (5.2) 125.1 (8.9) 108.6 (2.8) 99.6 (0.7)

SEMENANJUNG MALAYSIA

Wajaran2(Weights)2% 100.0 35.0 3.5 3.9

1994 100.0 (3.7) 100.0 (5.3) 100.0 (4.9) 100.0 ( 0.5)

1995 103.7 (3.7) 105.0 (5.0) 102.4 (2.4) 100.2 (0.2)

1996 107.6 (3.8) 111.5 (6.2) 104.9 (2.4) 99.6 ( 0.6)

1997 110.2 (2.8) 115.7 (4.5) 106.0 (1.2) 99.2 ( 0.6)

19983 116.2 (5.4) 126.2 (9.1) 109.0 (2.8) 100.0 (0.8)

SABAH

Wajaran2(Weights)2% 100.0 36.5 3.7 3.9

1994 100.0 (3.3) 100.0 (4.5) 100.0 (4.5) 100.0 ( 1.6)

1995 102.8 (2.8) 104.9 (4.9) 101.8 (1.8) 99.2 ( 0.8)

1996 105.7 (2.8) 108.7 (3.6) 103.6 (1.8) 98.7 ( 0.5)

1997 107.6 (2.1) 112.1 (3.4) 104.6 (1.1) 98.0 ( 0.8)

19983 112.0 (4.1) 121.9 (8.7) 107.5 (2.8) 98.1 (0.1)

SARAWAK

Wajaran2(Weights)2% 100.0 34.2 3.9 4.8

1994 100.0 (4.3) 100.0 (6.0) 100.0 (5.1) 100.0 ( 1.1)

1995 102.2 (2.2) 103.8 (3.8) 102.0 (2.0) 99.4 ( 0.6)

1996 104.4 (2.2) 108.4 (4.4) 103.5 (1.5) 97.7 ( 1.7)

1997 105.8 (1.4) 111.0 (2.7) 104.2 (1.9) 98.1 (0.0)

19983 110.4 (4.3) 119.5 (7.7) 106.9 (2.6) 98.4 (0.3)

1 Angka-angka dalam kurungan adalah peratus perubahan tahunan2 Wajaran berdasarkan kepada wajaran mutakhir Kajian Perbelanjaan Isi Rumah 1993/94.3 Januari hingga September.

Sumber:JP.


19/31

xix

2.4 CONSUMER PRICE INDEX1

1994=100

Sewa kasar, Perabot, hiasan Perbelanjaan Pengangkutan Perkhidmatan Pelbagaibahan api dalaman dan peralatan rawatan dan rekreasi, hiburan, barang dandan kuasa dan pengendalian perubatan perhubungan pendidikan dan perkhidmatan

rumah tangga dan kesihatan kebudayaan

Gross rent, Furniture, Medical care Transport and Recreation, Miscellaneous

fuel and power furnishings and and health communication entertainment, goods and services household equipment expenses education and and operation cultural services

MALAYSIA

21.1 5.6 1.9 17.9 5.8 5.6

100.0 (2.4) 100.0 (1.7) 100.0 (3.3) 100.0 (4.6) 100.0 (0.7) 100.0 (2.4)

103.4 (3.4) 102.8 (2.8) 103.1 (3.1) 101.8 (1.8) 102.5 (2.5) 104.2 (4.2)

106.7 (3.2) 103.9 (1.1) 106.9 (3.7) 103.2 (1.4) 105.9 (3.3) 106.3 (2.5)

109.6 (3.1) 103.9 (0.0) 110.3 (3.7) 103.8 (0.6) 106.2 (0.3) 111.0 (4.0)

114.5 (4.5) 107.7 (3.7) 116.9 (6.0) 103.8 (0.0) 109.3 (2.9) 119.1 (7.3)

PENINSULAR MALAYSIA

21.0 5.5 1.9 18.5 5.8 5.4

100.0 (2.6) 100.0 (1.7) 100.0 (3.5) 100.0 (4.1) 100.0 (0.7) 100.0 (2.2)

103.9 (3.9) 103.5 (3.5) 103.0 (3.0) 101.7 (1.7) 102.8 (2.8) 104.7 (4.7)

107.4 (3.4) 104.9 (1.4) 107.4 (4.3) 103.0 (1.3) 106.6 (3.7) 107.7 (2.9)

110.8 (3.6) 105.0 (0.1) 111.1 (3.9) 103.6 (0.6) 106.9 (0.2) 112.4 (4.6)

116.7 (5.3) 108.8 (3.6) 118.1 (6.3) 103.4 (0.2) 110.2 (3.1) 120.9 (7.6)

SABAH

24.9 5.4 1.5 13.7 4.7 5.7

100.0 (1.4) 100.0 (0.4) 100.0 (4.3) 100.0 (7.2) 100.0 (0.0) 100.0 (0.7)

101.5 (1.5) 99.5 ( 0.5) 101.1 (1.1) 103.0 (3.0) 101.9 (1.9) 102.4 (2.4)

104.9 (3.3) 99.4 ( 0.1) 101.9 (0.8) 105.4 (2.3) 103.7 (1.8) 104.4 (2.0)

106.2 (1.3) 99.0 ( 0.5) 103.9 (2.1) 107.2 (2.0) 103.5 ( 0.2) 105.7 (1.4)

106.7 (0.5) 101.8 (2.8) 109.8 (5.7) 106.9 (0.3) 106.4 (2.8) 110.0 (4.1)

SARAWAK

19.4 6.5 1.8 16.3 6.2 6.9

100.0 (1.9) 100.0 (1.6) 100.0 (2.7) 100.0 (6.4) 100.0 (0.4) 100.0 (3.8)

101.2 (1.2) 100.1 (0.1) 104.4 (4.4) 101.8 (1.8) 100.9 (0.9) 102.6 (2.6)

102.2 (1.0) 100.2 (0.1) 105.8 (1.3) 103.2 (1.4) 102.0 (1.1) 103.5 (0.9)

103.0 (0.9) 100.2 ( 0.1) 107.5 (1.8) 103.3 ( 0.1) 103.0 (1.2) 106.1 (2.6)

104.6 (1.6) 104.2 (4.0) 112.1 (4.3) 104.7 (1.4) 105.3 (2.2) 114.3 (7.7)


2 Weights based on final weights from the 1993/94 Household Expenditure Survey.

3 January to September.

Source:DOS.


20/31

xx


2 Januari hingga Ogos.

Sumber: JP.

2.5 INDEKS HARGA PENGELUAR1

1989=100, Malaysia

Jumlah Makanan dan Minuman dan Bahan mentah Minyak galian,binatang-binatang tembakau tidak boleh minyak pelincir

hidup untuk dimakan kecuali dan bahan-bahandimakan bahan api yang berkaitan

Total Food and live Beverages Crude materials Mineral fuels,

animals chiefly and inedible except lubricants and for food tobacco fuels related materials

Nombor SITC 0 1 2 3SITC Number

BARANGAN DALAM EKONOMI TEMPATAN

Wajaran (Weights) % 100.00 14.87 2.08 17.97 18.82

1994 109.3 (4.0) 111.0 (5.7) 133.7 (1.9) 113.4 (10.0) 100.0 ( 4.5)

1995 113.6 (3.9) 113.6 (2.3) 136.7 (2.2) 121.3 (7.0) 99.7 ( 0.3)

1996 116.2 (2.3) 119.9 (5.5) 137.4 (0.5) 119.4 ( 1.5) 112.2 (12.5)

1997 116.9 (1.0) 121.3 (1.7) 137.4 (0.0) 113.9 ( 6.2) 115.9 (6.8)

19982 132.7 (13.5) 133.0 (9.8) 137.5 (0.1) 117.9 (3.5) 119.0 (2.7)

IMPORT

Wajaran (Weights) % 100.00 13.06 1.05 3.04 12.46

1994 103.9 (0.2) 103.8 ( 1.2) 128.2 (3.5) 99.9 (7.0) 115.1 (1.7)

1995 104.6 (0.7) 109.6 (5.6) 128.4 ( 0.2) 102.6 (2.7) 115.9 (0.7)

1996 104.7 (0.1) 113.1 (3.2) 129.3 (0.7) 103.7 (1.1) 117.1 (1.0)

1997 106.0 (1.5) 112.5 ( 0.4) 131.3 (1.6) 104.6 (1.3) 121.0 (4.1)

19982 117.7 (11.0) 130.9 (16.4) 130.8 ( 0.4) 111.9 (7.0) 122.7 (1.4)

PENGELUARAN TEMPATAN

Wajaran (Weights)% 100.00 15.34 2.34 21.74 20.42

1994 110.7 (5.0) 112.5 (7.1) 134.3 (1.9) 113.8 (10.1) 97.6 ( 5.5)

1995 115.9 (4.7) 114.5 (1.8) 137.6 (2.5) 121.9 (7.1) 97.2 ( 0.4)

1996 119.2 (2.9) 121.4 (6.0) 138.3 (0.4) 120.0 ( 1.6) 111.4 (14.6)

1997 119.6 (0.8) 123.2 (2.1) 138.1 ( 0.1) 114.2 ( 6.4) 115.1 (7.3)

19982 138.5 (14.1) 133.4 (8.3) 138.1 (0.1) 118.1 (3.4) 118.5 (3.0)


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xxi

2.5 PRODUCER PRICE INDEX1

1989=100, Malaysia

Minyak dan lemak Kimia dan Barang-barang Alat-alat jentera Pelbagai barang Pelbagaibinatang dan keluaran- perkilangan di- dan kelengkapan keluaran perniagaan

sayur-sayuran keluaran kimia jeniskan terutama pengangkutan kilang dan barangant.s.t.l. mengikut bahan t.s.t.l.

Animal and Chemicals and Manufactured goods Machinery and Miscellaneous Commodities and

vegetable oils related products classified chiefly transport manufactured transactions not and fats n.e.s. by material equipment articles classified

elsewhere

4 5 6 7 8 9

GOODS IN THE DOMESTIC ECONOMY

8.47 4.42 10.81 18.35 3.61 0.60

121.5 (20.0) 107.0 (0.5) 112.4 (3.4) 102.9 (0.4) 114.1 (5.4) 113.1 (0.8)

153.0 (25.9) 109.3 (2.1) 112.3 ( 0.1) 101.0 ( 1.8) 116.7 (2.3) 112.7 ( 0.4)

144.2 ( 5.8) 110.5 (1.0) 113.2 (0.8) 101.5 (0.5) 120.7 (3.4) 113.0 (0.3)

150.5 (4.5) 110.8 (0.2) 112.3 (0.8) 103.2 (2.0) 118.8 (1.7) 112.3 (0.6)

267.0 (77.4) 117.2 (5.8) 121.3 (6.0) 111.3 (7.8) 124.9 (5.1) 114.8 (2.2)

IMPORTS

0.74 10.00 13.35 42.60 2.70 1.00

108.0 ( 5.8) 106.5 (1.6) 107.8 (1.0) 98.4 ( 0.6) 115.7 (3.4) 99.2 (4.8)

108.1 (0.1) 110.1 (3.4) 109.5 (1.6) 95.7 ( 2.7) 117.7 (1.7) 98.0 ( 1.2)

108.0 ( 0.1) 112.3 (2.0) 109.6 (0.0) 93.8 ( 2.0) 117.1 ( 0.5) 99.0 (1.0)

107.7 ( 0.3) 111.9 ( 0.4) 108.2 ( 1.5) 96.5 (3.3) 115.6 ( 1.3) 97.0 ( 2.1)

109.6 (1.6) 119.6 (6.9) 117.4 (8.5) 112.2 (16.8) 121.9 (5.4) 104.3 (7.5)

LOCAL PRODUCTION

10.42 3.01 10.17 12.23 3.83 0.50

121.7 (19.6) 107.3 ( 0.8) 114.6 (4.4) 106.9 (1.2) 113.8 (5.7) 120.0 (0.3)

153.8 (26.3) 108.7 (1.3) 113.2 ( 1.2) 105.8 ( 1.0) 116.5 (2.4) 120.0 (0.0)

144.8 ( 5.8) 108.9 (0.2) 114.4 (1.1) 108.3 (2.4) 121.3 (4.1) 120.0 (0.0)

151.3 (4.6) 109.8 (0.6) 113.7 ( 0.5) 109.2 (1.0) 119.3 ( 1.7) 120.0 (0.0)

269.8 (78.3) 115.1 (4.8) 122.6 (7.8) 110.5 (1.2) 125.4 5.1 120.0 (0.0)


2 January to August.

Source: DOS.


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xxii

3.1 PERDAGANGAN BARANGAN MENGIKUT SITC1 DAN HALUAN

RM juta, Malaysia

Mengikut Jumlah2 Makanan, minuman Bahan-bahan mentahSITC dan tembakau tidak boleh dimakan

By SITC Section Total 2 Food, beverages Crude materials,and tobacco inedible

Kod SITC 0+1 2SITC Code

Eksport Import Imbangan Eksport Import Eksport ImportExports Imports Balance Exports Imports Exports Imports

1992 103,657 (9.7) 101,440 (0.6) 2,217 3,954 5,869 11,081 2,630

% Sumbangan 100.0 100.0 3.8 5.8 10.7 2.6% Share

1993 121,237 ( 17.0) 117,405 (15.7) 3,832 4,160 6,207 10,984 3,264

1994 153,921 (27.0) 155,921 (32.8) 2,000 4,583 7,024 11,473 3,733

1995 184,986 (20.2) 194,345 (24.6) 9,358 4,915 8,443 11,992 4,651

1996 197,026 (6.5) 197,280 (1.5) 254 5,299 9,587 10,759 4,964

1997 221,408 (12.4) 220,984 (12.0) 424 6,050 10,706 10,120 5,494% Sumbangan 100.0 100.0 2.7 4.8 4.6 2.5% Share

19987 162,700 (40.9) 136,514 (14.6) 26,186 4,066 6,455 5,580 3,429

Mengikut Haluan Amerika Kesatuan Eropah Australia JepunSyarikat European Union

Jumlah Kecil United Kingdom Jerman4danBelanda

By Direction United States Sub-Total United Kingdom Germany 4and Australia Japan of America Netherlands

Eksport Import Eksport Import Eksport Import Eksport Import Eksport Import Eksport ImportExports Imports Exports Imports Exports Imports Exports Imports Exports Imports Exports Imports

1992 19,279 16,024 15,407 12,644 4,176 3,466 6,679 5,130 1,732 2,699 13,921 26,366

% Sumbangan 18.6 15.8 14.9 12.5 4.0 3.4 6.4 5.1 1.7 2.7 13.4 26.0% Share

1993 24,641 19,857 17,574 13,637 5,121 3,673 7,385 5,426 1,617 3,324 15,741 32,255

1994 32,523 26,021 21,991 23,044 5,841 4,998 8,632 7,600 2,410 4,619 18,551 41,628

1995 38,278 31,413 26,273 29,960 7,483 5,480 10,432 9,926 2,825 5,259 23,449 53,084

1996 35,834 30,521 26,998 28,414 6,788 5,139 11,828 10,171 3,058 5,561 26,584 48,372

1997 41,122 37,049 31,944 31,224 7,298 5,796 15,067 11,864 3,797 5,473 27,798 48,506

% Sumbangan 18.6 16.7 14.4 14.1 3.3 2.6 6.8 5.3 1.7 2.5 12.6 21.9% Share

19987 34,516 28,420 25,109 16,527 5,625 3,002 11,779 7,009 3,399 2,932 18,344 27,035

1 Klasifikasi Piawaian Perdagangan Antarabangsa.2 Angka-angka dalam kurungan adalah peratus perubahan tahunan.3 Termasuk arang kok, arang batu, petroleum dan keluaran-keluaran minyak dan gas.4 Angka-angka sebelum tahun 1991 merujuk kepada Jerman Barat dan angka-angka dari tahun 1991 merujuk kepada Republik Persekutuan Jerman

(Jerman).5 Eksport ke Singapura termasuk eksport untuk dieksport semula.6 Tidak termasuk Hong Kong SAR.7 Januari hingga Julai.

Sumber:JP.


23/31

xxiii

3.1 COMMODITY TRADE BY SITC1 AND DIRECTION


Bahan api galian, Minyak dan Bahan kimia Barang-barang Jentera Pelbagai barang Pelbagaipelincir dll.3 lemak binatang keluaran kilang dan kelengkapan keluaran urus niaga

dan sayur-sayuran pengangkutan kilang dan barangan

Mineral fuels, Animal and Chemicals Manufactured Machinery and Miscellaneous Miscellaneous lubricants, etc.3 vegetable goods transport manufactured transactions

oils and fats equipment articles and commodities

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Eksport Import Eksport Import Eksport Import Eksport Import Eksport Import Eksport Import Eksport ImportExports Imports Exports Imports Exports Imports Exports Imports Exports Imports Exports Imports Exports Imports

13,418 4,243 6,875 331 2,123 8,163 8,831 16,270 45,410 55,711 11,505 5,868 460 2,354

14.1 4.2 6.6 0.3 2.0 8.0 8.5 16.0 43.8 54.9 11.3 5.8 0.4 2.3

12,471 4,247 7,242 404 2,639 8,848 11,600 17,705 58,797 65,439 12,524 6,521 821 4,770

11,339 3,967 10,484 557 4,016 10,343 13,710 21,135 81,887 92,390 14,390 8,007 2,039 8,765

12,932 4,351 12,633 380 5,629 13,759 16,340 26,957 101,995 116,722 16,132 9,508 2,419 9,573

15,885 5,222 11,727 263 6,256 13,331 18,290 26,452 108,930 118,483 17,714 9,500 2,166 9,478

18,436 6,411 12,995 493 7,864 15,375 19,891 28,716 123,861 132,814 19,328 11,514 2,873 9,461

8.3 2.9 5.9 0.2 3.6 6.9 9.0 12.9 55.9 59.8 8.7 5.2 1.3 4.3

11,873 4,199 11,571 602 6,033 9,763 14,018 15,385 94,198 86,002 13,807 7,239 1,544 3,440

Korea Selatan Republik Rakyat Hong Kong Taiwan ASEAN Asia BaratChina6 ASEAN

Jumlah Kecil Singapura5

South Korea Peoples Republic Hong Kong Taiwan Sub-Total Singapore 5 West Asiaof China6

Eksport Import Eksport Import Eksport Import Eksport Import Eksport Import Eksport Import Eksport ImportExports Imports Exports Imports Exports Imports Exports Imports Exports Imports Exports Imports Exports Imports

3,549 3,103 1,961 2,482 3,925 2,302 3,229 5,760 30,530 20,722 23,860 15,970 2,159 865

3.4 3.1 1.9 1.9 2.4 2.3 3.1 5.7 29.5 14.7 23.0 15.7 2.1 0.9

4,189 3,552 3,095 2,821 5,002 2,371 3,888 6,297 33,735 23,204 26,260 17,873 2,611 1,065

4,311 4,978 5,063 3,577 7,101 3,106 4,590 7,960 41,792 49,743 31,843 21,991 3,167 967

5,162 7,965 4,904 4,298 9,899 4,194 5,813 9,914 50,392 33,748 37,585 24,080 4,020 1,161

6,057 10,243 4,802 4,720 11,587 4,576 8,081 9,818 56,087 38,980 40,287 26,348 3,832 1,387

7,096 11,324 5,258 6,254 12,178 5,404 9,633 10,599 62,046 37,049 44,356 29,004 4,216 1,698

3.2 5.1 2.4 2.8 5.5 2.4 4.4 4.8 28.0 16.7 20.0 13.1 1.9 0.8

3,901 6,630 3,983 4,153 8,198 3,410 6,785 6,852 39,944 30,446 28,220 17,934 3,418 1,194

1 Standard International Trade Classification.2 Figures in parentheses are annual percentage changes.3 Include coke, coal, petroleum and petroleum products and gas.4 Figures prior to 1991 refer to West Germany and figures from 1991 onwards refer to the Federal Republic of Germany (Germany).5 Exports to Singapore including those for re-export.6 Excludes Hong Kong SAR.7 January to July.

Source:DOS.


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xxiv

3.2 PENGELUARAN, EKSPORT DAN HARGA BARANGAN UTAMA1

Malaysia

Barangan Utama/Major Commodities 1992 1993

PETROLEUM MENTAH/CRUDE PETROLEUM

Pengeluaran (000 tong sehari)2/Production (000 b.p.d.)2 659.1 (1.6) 647.6 ( 1.7)

Eksport (000 tan metrik)/Exports (000 tonnes) 22,526 (0.0) 21,032 ( 6.6)RM juta/RM million 9,122 ( 10.3) 7,996 ( 12.3)

Harga Purata Wajaran (AS$/tong)/Weighted Average Price (US$/barrel) 20.74 ( 2.3) 18.79 ( 9.4)

MINYAK KELAPA SAWIT/PALM OIL

Pengeluaran (000 tan metrik)/Production (000 tonnes) 6,373 (3.8) 7,403 (16.2)

Eksport (000 tan metrik)3/Exports (000 tonnes)3 5,536 (0.5) 5,838 (5.5)

RM juta/RM million 5,412 (8.0) 5,772 (6.7)

Harga (RM/tan metrik, Hantaran Tempatan)/Price (RM/tonne, Local Delivery) 917 (9.0) 890 ( 2.9)

GETAH/RUBBER

Pengeluaran (000 tan metrik)/Production (000 tonnes) 1,173 ( 6.4) 1,075 ( 8.4)

Eksport (000 tan metrik)/Exports (000 tonnes) 1,035 ( 8.6) 937 ( 9.5)

RM juta/RM million 2,357 ( 12.4) 2,132 ( 9.6)

Harga RSS 1 (sen/kg)/Price RSS 1 (sen/kg) 219 ( 3.5) 214 ( 2.5)

KAYU BALAK/SAWLOGS

Pengeluaran (000 meter padu)/Production (000 cu.metres) 43,511 (8.3) 37,135 ( 14.7)

Eksport (000 meter padu)/Exports (000 cu.metres) 17,888 ( 7.4) 9,288 ( 48.1)


Nilai seunit (RM/meter padu)/Unit value (RM /cu.metre) 215 (1.2) 314 (46.0)

TIMAH/TIN

Pengeluaran (000 tan metrik)/Production (000 tonnes) 14.3 ( 31.0) 10.4 ( 27.3)

Eksport (000 tan metrik)/Exports (000 tonnes) 45.1 (6.4) 35.5 ( 21.5)

RM juta/RM million 721.0 ( 5.3) 488.8 ( 32.2)

Harga (RM/kg)4/Price (RM/kg)4 15.25 (1.3) 13.13 ( 13.9)

GAS ASLI CECAIR/LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS (LNG)

Pengeluaran (000 tan metrik)/Production (000 tonnes) 7,486 ( 2.1) 8,012 (7.0)

Eksport (000 tan metrik)/Exports (000 tonnes) 7,486 ( 2.1) 8,012 (7.0)


Nilai seunit (RM/tan metrik)/Unit value (RM/tonne) 362 ( 15.5) 331 ( 8.5)

BIJI KOKO/COCOA BEANS

Pengeluaran (000 tan metrik)/Production (000 tonnes) 220.0 ( 4.3) 200.0 ( 9.1)

Eksport (000 tan metrik)/Exports (000 tonnes) 125.4 ( 15.3) 123 ( 1.8)

RM juta/RM million 314.5 ( 22.6) 303.9 ( 3.4)

Nilai seunit (RM/tan metrik)/Unit value (RM/tonne) 2,508 ( 8.6) 2,469 ( 1 .6)


2 b.p.d. = tong sehari (7.6 tong = 1 tan metrik).

3 Termasuk minyak kelapa sawit mentah yang diproses dan stearin.

4 Harga di Pasaran Timah Kuala Lumpur (KLTM).


6 Kadar pertumbuhan tahun 1996 berdasarkan 366 hari.

Sumber: JP, PETRONAS, Jabatan Galian, Kementerian Perusahaan Utama dan Kementerian Pertanian.


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xxv

3.2 PRODUCTION, EXPORTS AND PRICES OF MAJOR PRIMARY COMMODITIES1

Malaysia

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 19995

659.9 (1.9) 705.4 (6.9) 715.7 (1.5)6 714.3 ( 0.2) 718.3 (0.6) 722.5 (0.6)

19,061 ( 9.4) 19,165 (0.5) 17,494 ( 8.7) 15,872 ( 9.3) 16,603 (4.6) 16,804 (1.2)6,548 ( 18.1) 6,701 (2.3) 7,212 (7.6) 7,069 ( 2.0) 7,261 (2.7) 7.280 (0.3)

17.08 ( 9.1) 18.30 (7.1) 21.82 (19.2) 21.02 ( 3.7) 14.70 ( 30.1) 15.00 (2.0)

7,220 ( 2.5) 7,811 (8.2) 8,386 (7.4) 9.062 (8.1) 8,337 ( 8.0) 8,918 (7.0)

6,863 (17.6) 6,656 ( 3.0) 7,324 (10.0) 7,609 (3.9) 7,250 ( 4.7) 7,850 (8.3)

8,479 (46.9) 10,395 (22.6) 9,436 ( 9.2) 10,810 (14.6) 16,458 (52.2) 17,663 (7.3)

1,284 (44.3) 1,473 (14.7) 1,192 ( 19.1) 1,392 (16.9) 2,416 (73.6) 2,350 ( 2.7)

1,101 (2.5) 1,089 ( 1.1) 1,082 ( 0.6) 971 ( 10.3) 900 ( 7.3) 890 ( 1.1)

1,017 (8.5) 1,013 ( 0.4) 980 ( 3.2) 1,018 (3.9) 1,012 ( 0.6) 1,000 ( 4.8)

2,927 (37.3) 4,038 (38.0) 3,509 ( 13.1) 2,971 ( 15.3) 3,115 (4.9) 3,100 ( 0.5)

294 (38.1) 394 (33.5) 350 ( 11.0) 279 ( 20.4) 280 (0.3) 270 ( 3.6)

35,672 ( 3.9) 34,032 ( 4.6) 31,820 ( 6.5) 27,906 ( 12.3) 23,720 ( 15.0) 22,650 ( 4.5)

8,417 ( 9.4) 7,746 ( 8.0) 6,985 ( 9.8) 6,396 ( 8.4) 5,040 ( 21.2) 5,000 ( 0.8)

2,543 ( 12.7) 2,264 ( 11.0) 2,282 (0.8) 2,346 (2.8) 1,721 ( 26.6) 1,775 (3.1)

302 ( 3.7) 292 ( 3.3) 327 (11.8) 367 (12.3) 341 ( 6.9) 355 (4.0)

6.5 ( 37.8) 6.4 ( 0.9) 5.2 ( 19.2) 5.1 ( 2.2) 5.4 (6.7) 5.3 ( 1.9)

36.8 (3.7) 35.2 ( 4.4) 34.3 ( 2.5) 31.8 ( 7.3) 28.8 ( 9.4) 28.0 ( 2.8)

507 ( 6.3) 545 (7.5) 533 ( 2.3) 479 ( 10.1) 609 (27.0) 546 ( 10.3)

14.14 (2.8) 15.33 (8.4) 15.28 ( 0.3) 15.62 (2.2) 22.00 (40.8) 20.50 ( 6.8)

8,276 (3.3) 9,727 (17.5) 12,908 (32.7) 15,309 (18.6) 15,210 ( 0.6) 15,610 (2.6)

8,276 (3.3) 9,727 (17.5) 12,908 (32.7) 15,309 (18.6) 15,210 ( 0.6) 15,610 (2.6)

2,361 ( 11.1) 3,069 (30.0) 4,746 (54.6) 6,752 (42.3) 8,186 (21.2) 7,530 ( 8.0)

285 ( 13.9) 316 (10.6) 368 (16.5) 441 (20.0) 538 (22.0) 482 ( 10.4)

177 ( 11.5) 131.4 ( 25.8) 120.1 ( 8.6) 106.0 ( 11.7) 89.6 ( 15.5) 99.0 (10.0)

83 ( 32.6) 52.5 ( 36.7) 42.5 ( 19.0) 31.0 ( 27.1) 15.0 ( 51.6) 20.0 (33.3)

263.1 ( 13.4) 172 ( 34.6) 137.6 ( 20.0) 114.1 ( 17.1) 90.4 ( 20.8) 120.0 (32.7)

3,170 (28.4) 3,276 (3.4) 3,238 ( 1.2) 3,681 (13.7) 6,027 (63.7) 6,000 ( 0.4)


2 b.p.d. = barrels per day (7.6 barrels = 1 tonne).

3 Includes crude and processed palm oil and palm stearin.

4 Kuala Lumpur Tin Market (KLTM) prices.

5 Forecasts by Ministry of Finance.

6 1996 growth is based on 366 days.

Source:DOS, PETRONAS, Mines Department, Ministry of Primary Industries and Ministry of Agriculture.


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3.3 EKSPORT UTAMA MENGIKUT HALUAN1

Malaysia

1992 1993

Eksport 000 tan RM 000 tan RMmetrik juta metrik juta

Exports000 RM 000 RM

tonnes million tonnes million

GETAH (RUBBER)

Jumlah/Total 1,035 2,357 (100.0) 937 2,132 (100.0)Singapura/Singapore 72 149 (6.3) 54 109 (5.1)Amerika Syarikat/United States of America 128 311 (13.1) 124 304 (14.3)Korea Selatan/South Korea 134 297 (12.6) 135 292 (13.7)Jerman2/Germany2 60 136 (5.8) 55 121 (5.7)Itali/Italy 58 133 (5.6) 54 127 (6.0)United Kingdom/United Kingdom 59 134 (5.7) 56 126 (5.9)Jepun/Japan 73 176 (7.5) 60 151 (7.1)

TIMAH(TIN)

Jumlah/Total 45.1 721 (100.0) 35.5 489 (100.0)Korea Selatan/South Korea 3.9 62 (8.6) 8.3 112 (22.9)Jepun/Japan 9.4 150 (21.0) 4.6 63 (12.9)

Belanda/Netherlands 12.2 209 (29.0) 4.3 62 (12.8)

PETROLEUM MENTAH (CRUDE PETROLEUM)

Jumlah/Total 22,586 9,147 (100.0) 21,032 7,996 (100.0)Jepun/Japan 4,007 1,608 (17.6) 3,949 1,156 (14.5)Korea Selatan/South Korea 3,377 1,377 (2.2) 3,379 1,287 (16.1)Singapura/Singapore 5,388 2,137 (23.4) 5,220 1,965 (24.6)Thailand/Thailand 3,156 1,314 (14.4) 4,108 1,562 (19.5)

MINYAK KELAPA SAWIT3(PALM OIL)3

Jumlah/Total 5,412 5,536 (100.0) 5,838 5,772 (100.0)Pakistan/Pakistan 845 824 (14.8) 971 951 (16.5)Singapura/Singapore 766 755 (13.6) 531 557 (9.7)China/China 571 549 (10.4) 778 782 (13.5)Mesir/Egypt 324 209 (5.2) 407 378 (6.5)Jepun/Japan 309 306 (5.5) 338 338 (5.9)

KAYU BALAK4

(SAW LOGS)4

Jumlah/Total 17,914 3,851 (100.0) 9,288 2,914 (100.0)Jepun/Japan 8,693 2,129 (55.2) 5,343 1,913 (65.6)Republik Korea/Republic of Korea 2,019 399 (10.4) 951 279 (9.6)Taiwan/Taiwan 3,228 566 (14.7) 1,254 312 (10.7)

KAYU GERGAJI4 (SAWN TIMBER)4

Jumlah/Total 5,392 3,487 (100.0) 5,477 4,545 (100.0)Belanda/Netherlands 458 489 (13.8) 426 642 (14.1)Singapura/Singapore 673 244 (7.3) 581 256 (5.6)Jepun/Japan 555 504 (14.4) 547 707 (15.6)Taiwan 359 195 (5.6) 601 444 (9.8)Thailand/Thailand 1,196 580 (16.7) 1,058 575 (12.7)

BARANGAN KELUARAN KILANG5

(MANUFACTURED GOODS)5

Jumlah/Total 68,061 (100.0) 85,745 (100.0)Kesatuan Eropah/Eropah EU 11,876 (5.5) 14,021 (16.4)Amerika Syarikat/United States of America 17,941 (26.4) 23,410 (27.3)Singapura/Singapore 17,695 (26.0) 20,314 (23.7)Jepun/Japan 5,253 (7.7) 7,376 (8.6)

1 Angka-angka dalam kurungan adalah peratus daripada jumlah nilai dalam setiap kategori.2 Angka-angka sebelum tahun 1991 merujuk kepada Jerman Barat manakala bagi tahun 1991 angka-angka merujuk kepada Republik Persekutuan

Jerman (Jerman).3 Termasuk minyak kelapa sawit mentah yang diproses dan stearin.4 Angka-angka kuantiti adalah dalam ribu meter padu.5 SITC 1+5+6+7+86 Januari hingga Julai.

Sumber:JP.


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3.3 DIRECTION OF MAJOR EXPORTS1

Malaysia

1994 1995 1996 1997 19986

000 tan RM 000 tan RM 000 tan RM 000 tan RM 000 tan RMmetrik juta metrik juta metrik juta metrik juta metrik juta

000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM

tonnes million tonnes million tonnes million tonnes million tonnes million

1,017 2 ,357 (100.0) 1013 4038 (100.0) 980 .3 3,509 (100.0) 1,018 2 ,971 (100.0) 597.3 1,799.0 (100)31 76 (2.6) 21 69 (1.7) 22 68 (1.9) 15.9 37.4 (1.3) 7.1 17.0 (0.9)

126 368 (12.6) 125 513 (12.7) 123 459 (13.1) 130.3 397 .0 (13.4) 67.8 206. 7 (11.5)144 404 (13.8) 111 440 (10.9) 98 352 (10.0) 86.9 247.3 (8.3) 44.5 133. 1 (7.4)51 144 (4.9) 69 276 (6.8) 73 262 (7.5) 76.0 221.4 (7.5) 50.7 151. 3 (8.4)50 146 (5.0) 48 206 (5.1) 42 158 (4.5) 42.9 130.6 (4.4) 23.5 755 (4.2)50 145 (5.0) 48 192 (4.8) 46 163 (4.6) 46.7 134.9 (4.5) 36.1 107. 3 (6.0)52 164 (5.6) 52 217 (5.4) 44 167 (4.8) 52.1 161.2 (5.4) 19.4 65.1 (3.6)

35.3 507 (100.0) 35.2 545 (100.0) 34.3 533 (100.0) 31.8 478.7 (100.0) 14.8 318. 4 (100.0)4.3 60 (11.8) 3.9 59 (10.3) 4.5 69 (12.9) 2.1 31.1 (6.5) 1.2 25.3 (7.9)7.3 104 (20.5) 7.9 121 (22.2) 6.1 95 (17.8) 7.2 107.8 (22.5) 1.6 32.6 (10.2)

4.7 66 (13.0) 5.7 88 (16.1) 5.8 89 (16.7) 5.9 89.2 (18.6) 2.9 63.0 (19.8)

19,061 6,548 (100.0) 19,165 6,701 (100.0) 17,494 7,212 (100.0) 16,872.1 7,068.6 (100.0) 10,380.6 4,554.2 (100.0)4 ,422 1 ,492 (22.8) 4 ,405 1 ,624 (22.6) 3 ,929 1,575 (21.8) 2,722.1 1,213.0 (17.2) 1 ,2 82 .6 5 87 .8 (12.9)2,492 848 (13.0) 1,837 624 (9.3) 2,021 831 (11.5) 2,393.4 1,071.1 (15.2) 1 ,3 09 .4 5 79 .3 (12.7)3,545 1 ,207 (18.4) 2 ,949 1 ,018 (15.2) 2,264 937 (13.0) 1 ,829.5 815.8 (11.5) 6 40. 0 2 69. 8 (5.9)4,201 1 ,499 (22.9) 4 ,996 1 ,823 (27.2) 4 ,913 2,117 (29.4) 3,734.9 1,677.0 (23.7) 1 ,9 90 .2 8 45 .1 (18.6)

6,583 8 ,345 (100.0) 6,809 10,399 (100.0) 7 ,287 9,435 (100.0) 7,585.6 10,809.0 (100.0) 4,156.3 9,564.9 (100.0)

1,107 1 ,411 (16.8) 1 ,025 1 ,587 (15.3) 1 ,116 1,413 (15.0) 1,091.7 1,578.8 (14.6) 594.4 1,373.5 (14.4)388 516 (6.2) 442 705 (6.8) 341 463 (4.9) 392.1 563 .6 (5.2) 1 52. 4 3 39. 7 (3.6)

1 ,412 1 ,880 (22.2) 1,102 808 (17.4) 935 1,277 (13.5) 1,102.5 1,653.3 (15.3) 506.0 1,215.4 (12.7)364 425 (5.1) 298 452 (4.3) 357 434 (4.6) 320.5 432 .8 (4.0) 2 16. 1 4 88. 6 (5.1)351 447 (5.4) 317 516 (5.0) 362 482 (5.1) 344.1 504 .6 (4.7) 1 96. 6 4 59. 6 (4.8)

8,4178 2,543 (100.0) 7 ,746 2 ,264 (100.0) 6 ,985 2,282 (100.0) 6,395.6 2,345.7 (100.0) 3,094.0 1,051.0 (100.0)4,652 1 ,581 (62.2) 4 ,060 1 ,301 (57.5) 3 ,613 1,316 (57.7) 2,855.5 1,120.1 (47.8) 1 ,2 83 .7 4 52 .7 (43.1)

627 185 (7.3) 678 194 (8.6) 496 168 (7.4) 369.6 144 .8 (6.2) 1 10.1 41.6 (4.0)1,446 375 (14.7) 1,233 314 (13.9) 1,174 317 (13.9) 1 ,215.8 379.5 (16.2) 6 22. 7 1 69. 7 (16.1)

4,777 4 ,331 (100.0) 4 ,367 3 ,839 (100.0) 3 ,655 3,039 (100.0) 3,074.7 2,780.8 (100.0) 1,543.8 1,472.1 (100.0)279 519 (14.1) 264 431 (11.2) 233 381 (12.5) 221.5 376 .0 (13.5) 1 50. 7 2 49. 6 (17.0)453 256 (5.6) 386 195 (5.1) 340 186 (6.1) 332.5 193 .4 (7.0) 1 46.4 91.1 (6.2)470 659 (15.6) 469 675 (17.6) 332 417 (13.7) 359.5 472 .8 (17.0) 1 29. 1 1 81. 9 (12.4)493 369 (9.8) 374 260 (6.8) 217 143 (4.7) 233.5 162 .7 (5.9) 1 74. 1 1 21. 6 (8.3)

1,445 917 (12.7) 1,270 823 (21.4) 1,174 756 (24.9) 736.9 465 .1 (16.7) 2 09. 4 1 22. 0 (8.3)

114,987 (100.0) 140,700 (100) 151,705 (100) 171,691 (100) 128,623 (100.0)17,623 (15.3) 21,454 (15.2) 22,590 (14.8) 27,503 (16) 21,292 (16.6)31,060 (27.0) 36,604 (26.0) 34,191 (22.5) 39,191 (22.8) 33,038 (25.7)26,000 (22.6) 30,975 (22.0) 34,000 (22.4) 37,548 (21.9) 24,502 (19.0)10,032 (8.7) 14,606 (10.4) 16,770 (11.1) 17,411 (10.1) 11,789 (9.2)

1 Figures in parentheses are per cent of total value in each category.2 Figures prior to 1991 refer to West Germany while 1991 figures refer to the Federal Republic of Germany (Germany).3 Includes crude and processed palm oil and palm stearin.4 Figures on quantity are in thousand cubic metres.5 SITC 1+5+6+7+86 January to July.

Source: DOS.


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3.4 IMPORT UTAMA MENGIKUT SUMBER1

Malaysia

1992 1993Import

000 tan RM 000 tan RMmetrik juta metrik juta

Imports 000 RM 000 RM

tonnes million tonnes million

JENTERA DAN ALAT PENGANGKUTANSITC 7(MACHINERY AND TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT)SITC 7

Jumlah/Total 55,711 (100.0) 65,439 (100.0)Jepun/Japan 17,716 (31.8) 21,849 (33.4)Amerika Syarikat/United States of America 12,324 (22.1) 15,141 (23.1)Singapura/Singapore 8,746 (15.7) 9,964 (15.2)Jerman2/Germany2 2,921 (5.2) 3,051 (4.7)Taiwan/Taiwan 2,771 (5.1) 2,874 (4.4)

BARANGAN KELUARAN KILANGSITC 6+8(MANUFACTURED GOODS)SITC 6+8

Jumlah/Total 22,139 (100.0) 24,252 (100.0)Jepun/Japan 6,419 (29.0) 7,426 (30.6)Singapura/Singapore 2,241 (10.1) 2,336 (9.6)

Taiwan/Taiwan 2,206 (10.0) 2,135 (8.8)Amerika Syarikat/United States of America 1,761 (8.0) 2,142 (8.8)Hong Kong/Hong Kong 989 (4.5) 915 (3.8)Korea Selatan/South Korea 967 (4.4) 1,147 (4.7)United Kingdom/United Kingdom 770 (3.5) 787 (3.2)

PETROLEUM MENTAH (CRUDE PETROLEUM)Jumlah/Total 1,138 323 (100.0) 1,672 445 (100.0)Arab Saudi/Saudi Arabia 1,138 323 (100.0) 1,581 422 (94.8)Kuwait/Kuwait () Emiriah Arab Bersatu/United Arab Emirates () ()

MAKANAN (FOOD)SITC OJumlah/Total 5,470 (100.0) 5,816 (100.0)Australia/Australia 967 (17.7) 1,213 (20.9)Thailand/Thailand 852 (15.6) 833 (14.3)China/China 746 (13.6) 877 (15.1)New Zealand/New Zealand 473 (8.6) 432 (7.4)

Beras (Rice)Jumlah/Total 444 346 (100.0) 389 283 (100.0)Thailand/Thailand 173 145 (41.9) 208 155 (54.8)Vietnam/Vietnam 229 165 (47.7) 153 106 (37.5)

Gandum (Wheat)Jumlah/Total 928 413 (100.0) 1,094 475 (100.0)Australia/Australia 409 199 (48.2) 659 289 (60.8)Amerika Syarikat/United States of America 63 32 (7.7) 64 34 (7.2)Arab Saudi/Saudi Arabia 189 70 (16.9) 214 86 (18.1)

Gula daripada bit dan tebu mentah(Raw beet and cane sugar)

Jumlah/Total 902 549 (100.0) 878 554 (100.0)Australia/Australia 450 280 (51.0) 562 353 (63.7)Thailand/Thailand 349 203 (37.0) 206 128 (23.1)Fiji/Fiji 103 66 (12.0) 95 63 (11.4)

Hasil tenusu3(Dairy products)3

Jumlah/Total 651 (100.0) 709 (100.0)Australia/Australia 187 (28.7) 232 (32.7)Denmark/Denmark 28 (4.9) 13 (1.8)New Zealand/New Zealand 336 (51.6) 303 (42.7)

1 Angka-angka dalam kurungan adalah peratus daripada jumlah nilai dalam setiap kategori.2 Angka-angka sebelum tahun 1991 merujuk kepada Jerman Barat dan angka-angka dari tahun 1991 merujuk kepada Republik Persekutuan Jerman

(Jerman).3 Termasuk susu dan krim, mentega, keju dan dadih.4 Januari hingga Julai.

Sumber:JP.


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1 Figures in parentheses are per cent of total value in each category.2 Figures prior to 1991 refer to West Germany and figures from 1991 onwards refer to the Federal Republic of Germany (Germany).3 Includes milk and cream, butter, cheese and curd.4 January to July.

Source:DOS.

3.4 SOURCES OF MAJOR IMPORTS1

Malaysia

1994 1995 1996 1997 19984

000 tan RM 000 tan RM 000 tan RM 000 tan RM 000 tan RMmetrik juta metrik juta metrik juta metrik juta metrik juta

000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM 000 RM

tonnes million tonnes million tonnes million tonnes million tonnes million

93,390 (100.0) 116,722 (100.00) 118,483 (100.0) 132,814 (100.0) 86,002 (100.0)29,252 (31.3) 37,418 (32.1) 34,275 (28.9) 33,850 (25.5) 18,269 (21.2)20,118 (21.5) 23,447 (20.1) 21,765 (18.4) 26,468 (19.9) 21,728 (25.3)13,853 (14.8) 14,487 (12.4) 16,052 (13.6) 17,232 (13.0) 11,217 (13.0)

4,365 (4.7) 6,335 (5.4) 6,106 (5.2) 7,144 (5.4) 4,239 (4.9)4,153 (4.4) 5,196 (4.5) 5,367 (4.5) 6,141 (4.6) 3,928 (4.6)

29,141 (100.0) 36,465 (100.0) 35,951 (100.0) 40,230 (100.0) 22,624 (100.0)8,693 (29.8) 10,353 (28.4) 9,204 (25.6) 9,627 (23.9) 6,000 (26.5)2,826 (9.7) 2,879 (7.9) 2,853 (7.9) 3,116 (7.7) 1,927 (8.5)

2,599 (8.9) 3,047 (8.4) 2,949 (8.2) 3,055 (7.6) 2,133 (9.4)2,704 (9.3) 3,603 (9.9) 3,789 (10.5) 5,096 (12.7) 3,436 (15.2)1,100 (3.8) 2,887 (7.9) 1,352 (3.8) 1,406 (3.5) 807 (3.6)1,246 (4.3) 1,589 (4.4) 1,522 (4.2) 1,779 (4.4) 978 (4.3)

927 (3.2) 1,137 (3.1) 1,058 (2.9) 1,081 (2.9) 549 (2.4)

1,538 461 (100.0) 1,271 376 (100.0) 1,397 465 (100) 1,256 474 (100.0) 1,056 376 (100.0)1,192 338 (73.3) 736 213 (56.6) 1,116 376 (65.5) 579 195 (51.9)

6,600 (100.0) 7,885 (100.0) 9,090 (100.0) 10,044 (100.0) 6,105 (100.0)1,414 (21.4) 1,611 (20.4) 1,756 (19.3) 1,764 (17.6) 1,309 (21.4)

793 (12.0) 981 (12.4) 1,318 (14.5) 1,438 (14.3) 845 (13.8)1,014 (15.4) 472 (6.0) 413 (4.5) 946 (9.4) 540 (8.8)

522 (7.9) 534 (6.8) 644 (7.1) 729 (7.3) 427 (7.0)

335 295 (100.0) 427 356 (100.0) 578 538 (100) 649 704 (100.0) 399 577 (100.0)137 153 (51.9) 252 229 (64.3) 486 464 (86.2) 461 534 (75.9) 253 397 (57.0)165 113 (38.3) 169 120 (33.7) 83 63 (11.7) 173 149 (21.1) 123 148 (25.7)

1,187 562 (100.0) 1,118 600 (100.0) 1,096 679 (100.0) 1,070 607 (100) 608 446 (100.0)721 347 (61.7) 681 381 (63.5) 749 475 (70.0) 627 370 (61.0) 416 314 (70.4)116 67 (11.9) 128 75 (12.5) 73 48 (7.1) 31 17 (2.8) 9 7 (1.6)180 81 (14.4) 41 20 (3.3)

960 664 (100.0) 1,033 772 (100.0) 1,090 781 (100.0) 1,142 879 (100.0) 547 578 (100.0)629 436 (65.7) 628 458 (59.3) 580 416 (53.3) 561 447 (50.9) 410 429 (74.2)180 127 (19.1) 274 218 (28.2) 372 265 (33.9) 362 260 (29.6) 72 74 (12.8)

125 83 (12.5) 104 74 (9.6) 76 54 (13.0) 43 37 (4.2) 31 37 (6.4)

718 (100.0) 882 (100.0) 977 (100.0) 986 (100.0) 573 (100.0)225 (31.3) 304 (34.5) 295 (30.2) 305 (30.9) 197 (34.4)

18 5) 12 (1.4) 19 (1.9) 11 (1.1) 7 (1.2)354 (49.3) 356 (40.4) 435 (44.5) 480 (48.7) 271 (47.3)


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3.5 EKSPORT BARANGAN PERKILANGAN1

RM juta, Malaysia

1985 1989 1990

% %Sumbangan Sumbangan

Share Share

Jumlah 100 12,471 36,567 100 46,835Total (0.03) (36.2) (28.1)

Makanan, minuman dan tembakau 6 781 1,788 4.4 2,062Food, beverages and tobacco

Kain, pakaian dan kasut 10 1,289 3,190 8.5 3,986Textiles, apparel and footwear

Keluaran kayu 3 365 1,184 2.9 1,362Wood products

Keluaran getah 1 113 1,148 3.3 1,534

Rubber products

Kimia, keluaran kimia dan plastik 5 610 1,694 4.0 1,889Chemicals, chemical and plastic products

Keluaran petroleum 8 1,041 1,004 2.8 1,285Petroleum products

Keluaran galian bukan logam 1 150 658 1.6 771Non-metallic mineral products

Besi dan keluli dan barang perkilangan logam 3 357 1,463 3.5 1,625Iron and steel and metal products

Elektrik, elektronik dan jentera 52 6,493 20,799 56.6 26,503

Electrical, electronics and machinery

Kelengkapan pengangkutan 5 566 1,184 4.1 1,927Transport equipment

Barang-barang perkilangan yang lain2 6 706 2,455 8.3 3,891Other manufactures2

1 Angka-angka dalam kurungan adalah peratus perubahan tahunan. Sejak tahun 1988, sebahagian daripada eksport barangan perkilangan telahdikategorikan semula.

2 Termasuk barang-barang kertas dan palpa, perkakas-perkakas saintifik dan lain-lain.

3 Januari hingga Julai.

Sumber: JP.


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3.5 EXPORTS OF MANUFACTURED GOODS1


1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 19983

%

Sumbangan

Share

61,420 71,124 89,666 120,063 147,507 159,081 179,355 100 133,326(31.1) (15.8) (26.1) (33.9) (22.9) (7.8) (12.7) (43.6)

2,263 2,430 2,547 3,140 3,676 3,897 4,474 2.3 3,126

4,784 5,279 5,520 6,169 6,712 6,963 7,611 4.0 5,317

2,066 2,643 4,802 5,908 6,265 7,715 8,524 3.6 4,843

1,770 1,929 2,450 2,769 3,218 3,608 3,987 2.5 3,341

2,388 2,898 3,477 5,290 6,702 7,355 9,210 5.3 7,006

1,149 1,338 1,669 2,123 3,127 3,406 3,777 1.5 2,001

888 893 1,057 1,431 1,678 1,641 1,734 0.9 1,166

1,873 2,382 3,160 3,754 4,819 5,051 5,733 3.8 5,029

35,587 41,601 55,119 76,346 96,892 104,279 118,957 67.0 89,372

3,279 3,832 3,631 5,816 5,247 4,658 4,903 3.2 4,272

5,380 5,899 6,234 7,317 9,171 10,516 10,445 5.9 7,853

1 Figures in parentheses are annual percentage changes. Since 1988, some of the manufactured exports have been reclassified.

2 Includes paper and pulp products, scientific instruments, etc.

3 January to July.

Source:DOS.

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