4 5 4 b Ing Def Vpdf 1

ROUGH COATS AND PLASTERS IN THE EUROPEAN STANDARDS

The specifications on rough coats and plasters are set out in the following European standards:

► EN 13914-1:2005; Design, preparation, and application of external rendering and internal plastering. Part 1: External rendering

► EN 13914-2: 2005; Design, preparation, and application of external rendering and internal plastering. Part 2: Design considerations and essential principles for internal plastering

► EN 998-1: 2003; Specifications for mortar for masonry. Part 1: Rendering and plastering mortar, together with Erratum EN 988-1:2003/AC of 2005

► prEN 998-3: 2006; Specifications for mortar for masonry. Part 3: Products for external rendering and internal plastering based on organic binders.

This group of standards establishes a complete set of specifications for the

design and installation of these layers, as well as the characteristics of the materials involved. They provide extensive, detailed information on finishing operations in the building construction process, whose appearance and appropriate performance need to be established beforehand, in addition to providing them with the properties matching the intended service application.

Their basic aspects may serve as references for the regularising layers applied in vertical substrates as fixing surfaces for modular rigid cladding, in this documentation termed rodded or unrodded parge coats, in both exteriors and interiors (the term rough coat should be used to refer to external continuous cladding under finish conditions).

In relation to the materials involved, parge coats should be exclusively cross-referenced to masonry mortars [EN 998-2]; however, standard references are also provided on more specialised mortars, including resin-bonded mortars, which may be required in certain special applications as installation base for modular rigid cladding.

Regularising layers. Rough coats and rodded parge coats 1 Rough coats and plasters in the european standards

EN 13914-1: 2005

After the sections devoted to scope, standards for consultation, terms and definitions, and generalities, the standard contains the following chapters: Materials

The include mortars and their constituents [common cement (EN 197-1) or masonry cement (EN 413-1), hydraulic lime (EN 459-1) or building lime (EN 459-1), lightweight aggregates (EN 13055) and aggregates for mortars (EN 13139), admixtures (EN 934-3) (including binders based on styrene-butadiene (SBR) or acrylic polymers), those for rough coats as a function of the type of mortar (industrial or semi-processed in masonry construction in accordance with EN 998-1), as well as reinforcements, substrates and beads, and fastenings (nails, screws, clips, inserts, etc.) Design considerations

These define the factors that determine the design of these continuous claddings (appearance, materials, thickness, and number of coats), which materialise in the exposure conditions, nature of the wall, and functional requirements.

The following are fundamental wall characteristics: strength and stiffness for the installation of the continuous cladding, and appropriate surface for mortar adhesion. Further to be taken into account are absorption, state of the surface, and the presence of movement joints, as well as dimensional stability and the presence or absence of cracks.

The standard provides a table of precautions/recommendations based on the type of wall (Table 4, page 17), the following substrates being considered for rough coats: ceramic brick masonry, concrete or silico-calcareous blocks, blocks of lightweight clay or lightweight concrete, lightweight concrete slabs, lightweight autoclaved concrete blocks, concrete blocks of standard density and weight, sandstone blockwork masonry, walls of dense concrete or concrete without fines, masonry structures of cement and aggregate blocks, cement/wood blockwork masonry, agglomerated panels of wool and wood (with or without thermal insulation), expanded or extruded polystyrene, and polyurethane sheets.

These types of base substrates for rough coats are the common and special base substrates used for modular rigid claddings in building envelopes and partitions, these being substrates on which parge coats can therefore also be applied.

The standard sets out the characteristics related to exposure conditions, which are also of interest for parge coats:

► Resistance to the penetration of rainwater, as a function of the degree of exposure, it being recommended to apply two or more coats and to choose W2 industrial mortars (EN 998-1) under harsh exposure (because of frequency and/or intensity)

► Action of soluble salts carried with the water from the substrate, S1 ceramic brick masonry being specified under maximum exposure conditions


► Action of frost/thaw cycles, the resistance depending on the composition of mortars and on the protection of the rough coats against water

► Impact resistance ► Protection against corrosion of metal elements (meshes, fastenings, and

beads) ► Resistance against cracking, as a result of the movements of the substrate

underlying the rough coat and its own movements (drying shrinkage and cement and lime hydration). The standard conditions substrate stability in terms of: movement of the structure, substrate shrinkage during drying and maturing (especially with cement conglomerates and silico-calcareous bricks), concrete creep (long-term deformation), humidity/dryness cycles during its useful life, movements of the metallic elements caused by temperature oscillations and drying shrinkage of timber elements.

The standard establishes certain basic recommendations aimed at minimising

rough coat shrinkage, which can also be applied to parge coats:

■ Sufficient drying of each rough coat before the next coat is applied, execution times being specified as a function of the environmental conditions, substrate absorption, and mortar composition

■ Observing the principle that each coat shall be less strong than the previous one, while the first coat shall be weaker than the substrate, except for insulating mortars and some lightened mortars

The layout of the perimeter and intermediate movement joints is considered to

be essential:

► Fire resistance and combustibility, according to European experimental standards ENV 1992-1-2, ENV 1993-1-2, ENV 1994-1-2, ENV 1995-1-2, ENV 1996-1-2.

► Thermal considerations in relation to conductivity, envisaging thermo-insulating rough coats with a conductivity of 0.2 W/m⋅K or less, contributing to the thermal insulation of building envelopes

The standard also goes into the design of architectural details and shapes that

protect the rough coats and/or contribute to the functionality of the continuous cladding: aprons and screen walls, eaves and edges, watertable rowlocks and similar shapes, dripstones, and soffits.

Individual sections are devoted to rough coats on waterproof sheets and rough coats below the average ground level, with specifications and recommendations that can be applied to intermediate [regularising and damp-proofing] layers for modular rigid cladding.

The chapter on design considerations lists the types of mortars and selection criteria according to the intended use of the rough coat. It also describes the different coats in normal and special rough coats, their thicknesses and singularities in regard to execution, and concludes with the types of finishes.


Standard EN 13914-1:2005 is rounded off with other two chapters and annexes:

► Work on the building site, preparation and application of rough coats (Chapter 7)

► Recommendations for maintenance and repair (with the exception of the restoration of historic buildings) (Chapter 8)

► General guidelines for the selection of the prescribed mortars in accordance with the type of facing (Annex A, informative)

► Restoration of rough coats on old and historic buildings (Annex B, informative)

EN 13914-2:2005

Standard devoted to design considerations and essential principles for internal plastering.

Internal plastering is considered an internal cladding finish and, hence, has an internal fair face. However, the specifications of the standard and the characteristics of this cladding, based on mortars applied in a plastic state, are common (except for the surface finish) to those of parge coats that constitute intermediate layers in modular rigid cladding.

After the foreword, scope, terms and definitions, the standard devotes a chapter to the essential principles and building programme, which include details on internal plastering design:

► Nature and conditions of the facing, including the necessary pre-treatments ► Functional requirements ► The type of plaster and other materials required for the cladding system, with

cross-references to Technical Reports CEN/TR 15123, CEN/TR 15124, and CEN/TR 15125 as guides for the selection of the type of cladding

► Type of finish or appearance ► Required thickness, including: size and height; details on the nature of the

joints with enclosures, ceilings, walls of gypsum wallboard, etc; location of the installations and accessories, and any other factor that might affect cladding thickness

► Preparation of the different surfaces, changes of plane, movement joints, incorporation of metal accessories, etc.

► Work by other trades, especially in relation to pre-installations (plumbing, electricity, etc.)

► Compatibility of the plaster with adjacent materials ► Timetable and planning of the work, particularly in large projects The standard also takes into account internal plaster compatibility with the

underlying substrate (Chapter 4):

► Stiffness and strength ► Assurance of mortar adhesion


► Stability of the facing, foreseeing deformations and (own and/or induced) movements

► Possibility of formation of efflorescences ► Defects in the facing: lack of cohesiveness, dirt or contamination ► Suction control ► Interposition of materials that impair adhesion or layers of uncured mortar

The following characteristics are envisaged for plasters in the standard:

■ Vapour permeability ■ Abrasion resistance ■ Smooth surface, and elimination of any defect in the facing ■ Fire resistance and reaction to fire ■ Surface strength ■ In special plasters, improvement of acoustic and/or thermal insulation, fire

resistance, or enhanced protection against radiation

The standard lists the factors that condition plaster durability: humidity effects, condensation, corrosion of metal elements, cracking, impacts, and abrasion.

A further section in Chapter 4 is devoted to types and qualities of finishes, with four levels for smooth finishes (as a function of the type of paint or plaster finish) and certain classes of flatness, deduced from the handover conditions of the facing (which may require certain preliminary regularising layers). These classes may serve as references, by their parallelism, for rodded parge coats and for the requirable conditions of flatness and plumb in building envelopes and partitions. The conditions established in the standard are given below (Table 1, page 14).

Flatness class

Maximum deviations in 2 linear metres

(gap below straightedge in mm)

Minimum quality of the provided substrate

(maximum deviations in mm in 2 m)

0 - - 1 10 15 2 7 12 3 5 10 41 3 5 51 2 2

1 Applicable to plaster coats ≤ 6 mm thick

Classes 4 and 5 correspond to rodded parge coats provided with suitable flatness

for the installation of modular rigid cladding with thin-bed adhesive.

Classes 2 and 3 provide certain flatness conditions in rodded parge coats, compatible with adhesive tile installation in an intermediate bed (up to 15 mm thick adhesive).

In both foregoing situations, there shall be equivalent maximum deviations of plumb for the total facing height [3–4 mm for thin-bed fixing and 6–8 mm for intermediate bed thickness].


The standard also establishes conditions of rectangularity in the changes of plane, which may be applied to rodded parge coats.

Length of the adjacent surface in a change of plane at right angles

(in metres)

Maximum deviation of the right angle (in millimetres)

L < 0.25 0.25 ≤ L < 0.5

0.5 ≤ L < 1 1 ≤ L ≤ 3

3 5 6 8

Finish conditions include line-of-sight alignment, openings and windows, as

well as the situation of floors, beads, and depth gauges in the same plane as the plaster.

Chapter 5 of the standard is devoted to the preparation and application of plasters, with cross-references to materials storage, cleaning and protection of the work, application and curing conditions, recommended thicknesses (deduced from the foregoing tables and from the Technical Reports CEN/TR 15124, CEN/TR 15125, and CEN/TR 15123), application methods, and multilayer systems.

Chapter 6 is devoted to the restoration of plasters in old and historic buildings.

It also contains two Annexes on ‘Design considerations for work and acceptance of smooth plaster finishes’ (normative Annex), and ‘Methods of minimising the occurrence of cracks’ (informative Annex), in relation to the stability and arrangement of movement joints.

The documents below complement this standard with the information they provide:

► CEN/TR 15123: Design, preparation and application of internal polymer

plastering systems ► CEN/TR 15124: Design, preparation and application of internal gypsum

plastering systems ► CEN/TR 15125: Design, preparation and application of internal cement

and/or lime plastering systems ► European experimental standard [ENV 1996-2:1998, Eurocode 6: Design of

masonry structures. Part 2: Design considerations, selection of materials and execution of masonry.


EN 998-1: 2003

The European standard on mortars for rough coats and plasters establishes certain types based on concept, manufacturing system, and properties, as summarised in the following table.

TYPES OF MORTAR FOR ROUGH COATS AND PLASTERS ACCORDING TO EN 998-1

According to the concept ► Designed mortar: Composition and system chosen by the manufacturer to achieve

specific properties ► Prescribed or prescription mortar: Made containing certain proportions on which

the properties depend According to the manufacturing system ► Industrial mortar: Factory-made and marketed as ‘dry’ or ‘wet’ (ready for use) ► Factory-made half-finished mortar: Pre-proportioned or premixed lime and sand

mortar ► Mortar made ‘in situ’: When proportioning occurs on the building site According to mortar properties and/or application [contains codes or abbreviations] ► General purpose mortar [GP]: Without any special characteristics ► Lightweight mortar [LW]: With density in the hardened state ≤ 1300 kg/m3 ► Mortar for coloured render [CR] ► One-coat rendering mortar [OC] ► Renovation mortar [R]: Used in wet masonry structures that contain soluble salts,

with specific properties: reduced water absorption by high capillarity, porosity, and vapour permeability

► Thermal insulation mortar [T]: With specific properties for thermal insulation

Chapter 5, devoted to requirements, deals with the properties of hardened

mortars and the parameters that define durability, associated with the different types of mortar and, in certain cases, with different categories:

► Compressive strength at 28 days (EN 1015-11) - From 0.4 to 2.5 N/mm2 CS I - From 1.5 to 5.0 N/mm2 CS II - From 3.5 to 7.5 N/mm2 CS III - ≥ 6 N/mm2 CS IV

► Water absorption by capillarity (EN 1015-18) [only for mortars intended for

exteriors] - Not specified W 0 - C ≤ 0.40 kg/m2⋅min0.5 W 1 - C ≤ 0.20 kg/m2⋅min0.5 W 2


► Thermal conductivity, according to a value tabulated from the data in Table A.12, of EN 1745:2002, for mortars subject to thermal requirements - ≤ 0.1 W/m⋅K T 1 - ≤ 0.2 W/m⋅K T 2

► Reaction to fire

- Mortars that contain organic materials in a fraction ≤ 1% (by mass or volume) are rated class A1, without requiring testing

- The remainder shall be tested and rated according to EN 13501-1

► Durability on exposure to frost/thaw cycles - For one-coat mortars, durability is evaluated according to the result of

adhesive strength and water permeability tests after weathering cycles, stating the adhesion results (N/mm2) and fracture pattern (FP) A, B, or C for the first test and ml/cm2 after 48 h for the second test, all according to standard EN 1015-21

- For the remaining mortars, since there is no European standard test method, cross-references may be freely made to national standards and documents, in the intended location for use

► Dry bulk density, expressed as a range of values declared in kg/m3, this being

the result of the test according to EN 1015-10

► Adhesive strength, according to the test in EN 1015-12, expressing the minimum declared value in N/mm2 and fracture pattern (FP) A, B, or C

► Water penetration after the test of water absorption by capillarity, according

to the test in standard EN 1015-18

► The coefficient of water vapour permeability (μ, in mortars intended for rough coats and other outside applications, deduced from water vapour permeability (μ, in kg/m2⋅s⋅Pa, according to the test in EN 1015-19, from the

expression Λ

=-101.94x10 μ , where 1.94 x 10-10 is the water vapour

permeability factor equivalent to air, for a temperature of 20 ºC and an atmospheric pressure of 101,325 Pa

The following fresh-mortar properties are considered for rough coats and

plasters:

► Workable life and correction time, in mortars containing admixtures with a view to controlling setting time; for example, in ‘wet’ industrial mortars. That time is obtained from the test in standard EN 1015-9

► Air content, according to the test in EN 1015-7 or deduced from the bulk

density of fresh mortar according to standard EN 1015-6 for mortars that contain porous aggregates

► Mixing time, as well as the necessary equipment or procedure, for cases in

which this characteristic needs to be known


These characteristics provide a good contextualisation of mortars in relation to construction solutions that include thermal insulation and protection against water and other environment conditioning factors.

The next chapters of the standard are devoted to the following: designation, marking and labelling, and evaluation of conformity. In addition, a normative annex is included on sampling, in accordance with the EN 1015-2 methods, for the tests of an initial type and those carried out by independent organisations (Annex A); and there is an informative annex (Annex ZA) on the CE marking.

Annex ZA deals with the following essential characteristics:

► Reaction to fire, in mortars intended for buildings subject to these requirements

► Water absorption, for mortars intended for exteriors, in the W0–W2 categories, except for R mortars, whose declared value shall be ≥ 0.3 kg/m2 after 24 h [according to EN 998-1:2003/AC:2005]

► Water permeability after weathering cycles, for OC one-coat mortars (≤1 ml/cm2 after 48 hours)

► Adhesive strength after weathering cycles, for OC one-coat mortars, the value in N/mm2 and FP fracture pattern being declared

► Adhesive strength for all mortars, except the OC mortars, the value in N/mm2 and FP fracture pattern being declared

► Thermal conductivity/density, in mortars intended for rough coats/plasters of buildings subject to thermal insulation requirements (except T mortars), the dry bulk density value according to EN 1015-10 and the tabulated value for thermal conductivity (W/m⋅K) deduced from Table A.12 in EN 1745:2002 being declared

► Thermal conductivity, in T thermal insulation mortars, the T1 or T2 class being declared

► Durability, for OC one-coat mortars, according to the foregoing description and as specified in point 5.2.3.2 and rows L3 and L5 of Table 2 (page 12), applicable if the intended use is outside

► Hazardous substances, as specified in ZA.3 (penultimate paragraph)


An example of labelling for the CЄ marking follows:

CЄ ← Marking symbol according to Directive 98/68/EEC

Acme, S.L PO Box 21 IBIZA (SPAIN)

03

← Identifying name or brand and manufacturer’s registered address

← Last two digits of the year in which

marking printing began (in this case 2003)

EN 998-1 Mortero par revoco de uso corriente (GP) para uso exterior Reacción al fuego: A1 Adhesión: 0,3 N/mm2 FP:B Absorción de agua: W 1 Coeficiente de difusión del vapor de agua μ:25 Conductividad térmica: (λ10, seco) : 0,93 W/mK Durabilidad: NPD

← No. of the European standard ← Product description ← Regulated characteristics

NPD: No performance determined

prEN 998-3

This draft standard sets out the specifications of a new range of mortars for rough coats and plasters based on organic polymer binders, whose primary function is that of protecting the underlying layers and whose secondary functions are aimed at regularising, levelling and/or providing a surface finish, also for decorative purposes.

Their composition may include inorganic materials such as silicates, and silanes, siloxanes, and silicones as binders (sometimes considered minerals).

Mortars based on organic binders are classified in the draft standard as follows:

► Products for the protection of internal layers and/or surface preparation ► Products for smooth or textured finishes ► Products for levelling, in one or more coats

These products may also contain primers, sealants, reinforcing mesh, joints, and

other elements that together customarily form bonded systems


Chapter 5 describes the requirements of mortars based on organic binders after hardening, through the following characteristics:

► Water vapour permeability, for mortars used in exteriors, water-vapour transmission being measured with the test in standard EN ISO 7783-2, the results being classified in three categories according to the following table.

WATER VAPOUR PERMEABILITY OF MORTARS WITH ORGANIC BINDERS ACCORDING TO PREN 998-3

Class Level of water-vapour transmission V, in g/m2⋅d

Equivalent diffusion to a layer of air of thickness Sd [1], m

V1 HIGH V2 MEDIUM V3 LOW

< 150

≤ 150/>15

≤ 15

< 0.14

≥ 0.14/< 1.4

≥ 1.4 [1] According to EN ISO 7783-2

► Water permeability (in a liquid state), in mortars intended for exteriors,

evaluated according to the test in EN 1062-3, in three categories: W1 (high permeability) if W > 0.5 kg/m2⋅h0.5 W2 (medium permeability) if 0.1 < 0.5 kg/m2⋅h0.5 W3 (low permeability) if W ≤ 0.1 kg/m2⋅h0.5

► Mortar adhesion according to the test in EN 1542, after drying and maturing for 28 days at (23±2) ºC and (50±10) % relative humidity. In mortars for rough coats (external use), if the water permeability W ≥ 0.5 kg/m2⋅h0.5

according to EN 1062-3, adhesion shall be tested according to standard EN 13687-3. All measured values shall be 0.3 MPa or higher. Durability is related to adhesion.

► Thermal conductivity, a value being required that does not exceed 1.0

W/m⋅K. In mortars intended for rough coats/plasters with thermal insulation requirements, the values tabulated in Table A.12 of standard EN 1745:2002 shall be used.

► Reaction to fire

Just as in mortars of cement and/or lime conglomerates, the presence of organic matter in their composition determines whether it is necessary or not to carry out the fire resistance test and assign the ensuing rating according to EN 13501-1

- If the organic matter content is ≤ 1% (by mass or volume), the mortars

need not be tested and are rated A1 - If the organic matter content is > 1%, the mortars may be automatically

rated as follows:


• B if they are applied in a thin bed (thickness ≤ 1 mm) or the mortar mass does not exceed 1 kg/m2

• C if they are applied in layers that do not yield a mass of 3.5 kg/m2 or higher

• If these conditions are not met, the mortar shall be tested

Since specialised products are involved, the draft standard establishes quite a number of specifications for their designation:

- Trade name of the product - Use in exteriors and/or interiors - Type of product (protection, finish, or levelling) and marketing (as a powder,

dispersion, or dissolution) - Finish texture - Characteristics and categories: Water vapour permeability [V1-V3 according

to EN ISO 7783-2] in external uses, water permeability in the liquid state [W1-W3 according to EN 1062-3] in external uses, adhesion [the result shall be specified of the test according to EN 1542 and shall be 0.3 MPa or higher], thermal conductivity [the value tabulated according to EN 1745:2002 shall be specified] in mortars intended for construction elements with thermal insulation requirements, and reaction to fire [Euroclass A1-F according to EN 13501-1]

- Manufacturer’s name and address - Date of manufacture, useful life or minimum shelf life, and storage

conditions - Reference to standard [EN 998-3:2005] - Instructions for use and scope

Mixing method Application technique Number of coats Information for the consumer

The draft standard also contains informative annex ZA for the CЄ marking


EN 998-2:2003

Since EN 998-1 and prEN 998-3 are devoted to inorganic and organic mortars, respectively, for rough coats and plasters, the intermediate layers of modular rigid coverings made with cement and/or lime conglomerates, including levelling floor screeds and rodded parge coats, need to be cross-referenced to masonry mortars.

This European standard establishes the fresh and post-hardening characteristics that industrial mortars shall conform to.

The standard considers the following fresh masonry mortar characteristics:

► Workable life and correction time, evaluated according to the test in EN 1015-9, whose value shall be declared by the manufacturer

► Water-soluble chloride content, to be declared by the manufacturer, whose value is obtained from the test in EN 1015-17. The water-soluble chloride content shall not exceed 0.1% in relation to the dry mortar mass

► Air content, as a characteristic linked to certain uses in which it is advisable to know the air content, which shall be declared by the manufacturer, obtained from the test in EN 1015:17 In masonry mortars that use porous aggregates, air content may be obtained from the bulk density of the fresh mortar according to EN 1015-6, as an alternative to the test in EN 1015-17

The standard considers the following as masonry mortar characteristics after

hardening:

► Compressive strength for designed mortars (i.e. mortars whose composition and manufacturing process are engineered to achieve specific properties). A classification is established according to the result of the test based on standard EN 1015:11, according to the following table.

COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF MASONRY MORTARS

ACCORDING TO EN 998-2

Class M 1 M 2.5 M 5 M 10 M 15 M 20 Md Compressive strength [N/mm2] 1 2.5 5 10 15 20 d

d: For compressive strengths larger than 25 N/mm2, the value being declared by the manufacturer

The manufacturer shall declare the compressive strength whenever the mortar content in air lime [calculated as calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2] is 50% or larger by mass in relation to total binder quantity

► Bond strength (adhesive strength) for masonry mortars intended for uses

with structural requirements and evaluated as initial shear strength. The manufacturer shall declare the value according to either of the following alternatives:


- The characteristic initial shear strength, in combination with a specific type of masonry element, according to EN 771, tested according to EN 1015-3

- The initial shear strength based on the tabulated values when the foregoing method is not followed and they appear in Annex C of the standard: 0.15 N/mm2 for common-purpose mortars and for lightweight mortars (L), and 0.3 N/mm2 for joint and thin-bed mortars (T)

► Water absorption, for mortars intended for exteriors, the value obtained from

the test in EN 1015-18 being declared

► Water vapour permeability, also in mortars for external use; the manufacturer shall declare the vapour permeability value, tabulated in relation to Table A.12 of standard EN 1745:2002 (tabulated values of the coefficient of water vapour diffusion of mortars)

► Density of the hardened mortar in the dry state, in those uses in which it is

necessary to know this characteristic, according to the result of the test in EN 1015-10. The density of lightweight masonry mortars (L) shall be 1300 kg/m3 or smaller

► Thermal conductivity, in those uses where thermal insulation requirements

are required; the manufacturer shall specify the thermal conductivity values of Table A.12 in standard EN 1745:2002. The average values may also be declared according to section 4.2.2 of that standard especially in lightweight mortars.

► Durability, related to resistance to frost/thaw cycles, in those countries

where test methods and requirements are laid down in the standards.

For joint and thin-bed masonry mortars [T mortars], maximum aggregate size (no larger than 2 mm) according to the tests in EN 1015-1 and open time or correction time according to EN 1015-9 shall be specified.

For reaction to fire, the same criteria shall be followed as in mortars for rough coats and plasters: these mortars are rated A1 without need for testing if their organic matter content is 1% or smaller and rated according to EN 13501-1 after testing when the organic matter content is larger.

EN 998-2 also contains informative Annex ZA, which establishes the requirements of the CЄ marking, whose essential characteristics are summarised in the following chart.


ESSENTIAL MASONRY MORTAR CHARACTERISTICS ACCORDING TO ANNEX ZA OF EN 998-2

Characteristic Requirement according to use

Test and expression of the result

Compressive strength Designed mortars EN 1015-11. Values in N/mm2 Component ratio Prescribed mortars By weight or volume Bond strength (Adhesion)

Designed mortars for uses with structural requirements

a) EN 771 and EN 1052-3, with shear strength in N/mm2

b) Tabulated values according to Annex C of the standard

Chloride content Mortars for reinforced construction elements

EN 1015-17, as % fraction by mass

Reaction to fire a) Mortars with organic matter ≤ 1%

b) Mortars with organic matter > 1%

A 1 A1-F according to EN 13501-1 and result of the test

Water absorption In exteriors EN 1015-18, value in kg/m2⋅min0.5

Water vapour permeability

In exteriors Tabulated values of the vapour diffusion coefficient µ according to Table A.12 of EN 1745

Thermal conductivity/density

Uses with thermal insulation requirements

Tabulated or tested value according to EN 1745 expressed in W/m⋅K

Durability Exteriors in countries with regulatory requirements

Resistance to frost/thaw cycles

Hazardous substances Note of section ZA.1

The marking requirements are complete because of the high number of characteristics on which information shall be provided. The marking also includes the number of the EC-certificate of conformity or of the factory production control certificate. An example of such a label follows.


CЄ

03411

Acme, S.L PO Box 21 IBIZA (SPAIN)

← Marking symbol according to

Directive 98/68/EEC ← Identification number of the

notified organism ← Name or brand and manufacturer’s

registered address


03

03411-CPD-00123

← Last two digits of the year in which

the marking was printed ← No. of the factory production

control certificate

EN 998-2 Mortero de albañilería de uso corriente (G) para uso en exteriores y en elementos con requisitos estructurales Resistencia a compresión: M5 Resistencia inicial de cizallamiento: 0,15 N/mm2

Contenido en cloruros: 0,07% Cl Reacción al fuego: Clase A1 Absorción de agua: 0,05 Kg/m2⋅min0,5

Permeabilidad al vapor de agua μ: 15/35 Conductividad térmica: λ10seco = 0,83 W/m⋅K Durabilidad: NPD Proporción en volumen: Cemento: 15% Cal: 10% Áridos: 75%

← No. of the standard ← Product description ← Information on the regulated

characteristics NPD: No performance determined

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