Thorax - NCBI

ThoraxThe Journal of the British Thoracic SocietyA Registered CharityPresident: J E STARK

Executive Editors: J R Britton and A J KnoxAssociate Editors: N C Barnes, M W Elliott, J A Fleetham, N M Foley, B G Higgins, N H0iby,

S A Lewis, M R Miller, M F Muers, D F Rogers, D P Strachan, W S Walker,J 0 Warner, R J D Winter

Technical Editor: Elizabeth StockmanEditorial Assistant: Hilary HughesAdvisory BoardS H Abman USA D M Geddes UK F D Martinez USA P D Sly AustraliaJ M Anto Spain P Goldstraw UK D M Mitchell UK M J Tobin USAP J Barnes UK C Haslett UK A J Peacock UK M Woodhead UKE D Bateman South Africa P J Helms UK R M Rudd UK Editor, British Medical J'ournalP S Burge UK G J Laurent UK N A Saunders AustraliaNotice to contributorsSUBMISSION AND PRESENTATION The original type-script and three copies of all papers should be sent to theExecutive Editors, Thorax Editorial Office, Division ofRespiratory Medicine, City Hospital, Nottingham NG5 1PB,UK. Editorial and historical articles are normally commissionedbut the Editors may accept uncommissioned articles of thistype. Manuscripts must be accompanied by a declaration, signedby all authors, that the paper is not under consideration by anyother journal at the same time and that it has not been acceptedfor publication elsewhere. The typescript should bear the nameand address of the author who will deal with editorial cor-respondence, and also a fax number if possible. Authors maybe asked to supply copies of similar material they have publishedpreviously. If requested, authors shall produce the data uponwhich the manuscript is based for examination by the Editors.Papers are accepted on the understanding that they may undergoeditorial revision. In the event of rejection one copy of the textmay be retained for future reference. The source of funding ofthe work should be declared in the acknowledgements at theend of the Discussion.Papers must be typed in double spacing with wide margins forcorrection and on one side of the paper only. They shouldinclude a structured abstract on a separate sheet (see below).Full papers should follow the basic structure of abstract, in-troduction, methods, results, discussion, references, and tablesand figures as appropriate. They should not nornally exceed3000 words or include more than 30 references; priority willbe given to papers that are concise. In each issue of the journalwe will publish a small number of Rapid Communications,intended for reports of work of major importance in any areasof research, which will undergo an accelerated reviewing andpublication process. Rapid Communications must not exceed2000 words, 15 references, and two figures or tables. Shortreports of experimental work, new methods or a preliminaryreport can be accepted as two page papers and should compriseno more than 1300 words including a structured abstract, onetable or illustration, and a maximum of 10 references. Casereports should not exceed 850 words with one table or illus-tration, a short unstructured abstract, and 10 references.ABSTRACT Abstracts, which should be of no more than250 words, should state clearly why the study was done, howit was carried out (including number and brief details ofsubjects, drug doses, and experimental design), results, andmain conclusions. They should be structured to go underthe headings "Background", "Methods", "Results", and"Conclusions".KEYWORDS Authors should include on the manuscript upto three key words or phrases suitable for use in an index.STATISTICAL METHODS The Editors recommend thatauthors refer to Altman DG, Gore SM, Gardner MJ, Pocock SJ.Statistical guidelines for contributors to medical journals. BMJ1983;286:1489-93. Authors should name any statistical methodsused and give details of randomisation procedures. 95% con-fidence intervals should be quoted for main results given asmeans or medians. The power of the study to detect a significantdifference should be given when appropriate and may berequested by referees. Standard deviation (SD) and stan-dard error (SE) should be given in parenthesis (not precededby +) and identified by SD or SE at the first mention.SI UNITS The units in which measurements were madeshould be cited. If they are not SI units the factors for conver-sion to SI units should be given as a footnote. This is theresponsibility of the author.ILLUSTRATIONS Line drawings, graphs, and diagramsshould be prepared to professional standards and submittedas originals or as unmounted glossy photographic prints.Particular care is needed with photomicrographs, where detailis easily lost-it is often more informnative to show a small areaat a high magnification than a large area. Scale bars should beused to indicate magnification. The size of the symbols andlettering (upper and lower case rather than all capitals) andthickness of lines should take account of the likely reductionof the figure-usually to a width of 65 mm. Four copies ofeach illustration should be submitted. Each should bear alabel on the back marked in pencil with the names of theauthors and the number of the figure, and the top should beindicated. Legends should be typed on a separate sheet.Authors must pay for colour illustrations.

REFERENCES Responsibility for the accuracy and com-pleteness of references rests entirely with the authors.References will not be checked in detail by the Editors butpapers in which errors are detected are unlikely to be accept-ed. Reference to work published in abstract form is allowedonly in exceptional circumstances-for example, to acknowl-edge priority or indebtedness for ideas. References should benumbered in the order in which they are first mentioned andidentified in text, tables, and legends to figures by arabicnumerals in square brackets on the line. References cited only(or first) in tables or legends should be numbered according towhere the particular table or figure is first mentioned in thetext. The list of references should be typed in double spacingand in numerical order on separate sheets. The informationshould include reference number, authors' names and initials(all authors unless more than six, in which case the first sixnames are followed by et al), title of article, and in the case ofjournal articles name of journal (abbreviated according to thestyle of Index Medicus), year of publication, volume, and firstand last page numbers. The order and the punctuation areimportant and should conform to the following examples:

1 Anderson HR. Chronic lung disease in the Papua NewGuinea Highlands. Thorax 1979;34:647-53.

2 Green AB, Brown CD. Textbook of pulmonary disease. 2nded. London: Silver Books, 1982:49.

3 Grey EF. Cystic fibrosis. In: Green AB, Brown CD, eds.Textbook of pulmonary disease. London: Silver Books,1982:349-62.

REVIEWING PROCESS Papers submitted to Thorax willbe assessed by the Executive Editors and those consideredunsuitable for publication will be returned directly to the au-thors. All other papers will be peer reviewed by an associateeditor and at least one other reviewer. Rapid Communicationswill be reviewed and returned to the authors within 4 weeks,and published 2 or 3 months after acceptance.CORRESPONDENCE The Editors welcome letters relatedto articles published in Thorax. These should not exceed 300words or contain more than three references, which should belisted at the end of the letter. Letters should be typed in doublespacing with wide margins and must be signed by all authors.REPRINTS Reprints are available at cost if they are orderedwhen the proof is returned.NOTICE TO ADVERTISERS Applications for advertise-ment space and for rates should be addressed to theAdvertisement Manager, Thorax, BMJ Publishing Group,BMA House, Tavistock Square, London WC 1H 9JR.NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS Thorax is published monthly.The annual subscription rate is £225.00 ($350.00) world-wide. Orders should be sent to the Subscription Manager,Thorax, BMJ Publishing Group, BMA House, TavistockSquare, London WClH 9JR. Orders may also be placed withany leading subscription agent or bookseller. Subscribers maypay for their subscriptions by Access, Visa, or AmericanExpress by quoting on their order the credit or charge cardpreferred together with the appropriate personal accountnumber and the expiry date of the card. For the convenienceof readers in the USA subscription orders with or withoutpayment may also be sent to British Medical J'ournal, PO Box408, Franklin, MA 02038, USA. All inquiries, however, mustbe addressed to the publisher in London. All inquiries aboutair mail rates and single copies already published should alsobe addressed to the publisher in London. Periodicals postagepaid at Rahway, New Jersey. Postmaster: send address changesto Thorax c/o Mercury Airfreight International Ltd Inc, 2323Randolph Avenue, Avenel, NJ 07001, USA.COPYRIGHT © 1996 THORAX This publication is copy-right under the Berne Convention and the InternationalCopyright Convention. All rights reserved. Apart from anyrelaxations permitted under national copyright laws, no partof this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrievalsystem, or transmitted in any form or by any means withoutthe prior permission of the copyright owners. Permission isnot, however, required for copying abstracts of papers or ofarticles on condition that a full reference to the source isshown. Multiple copying of the contents of the publicationwithout permission is always illegal.Website address: http://www.bmj.com/bmj/ISSN 0040-6376

Published by BMJPublishing Group, andprinted in England byLatimer Trend &Company Ltd, Plymouth

Thorax 1996;51:1284

Reviewers used between 1 October 1995 and 30 September 1996

Dr J Adam Dr KM CitronDr L Adams Dr PI ClarkDr I Adcock Dr DJ ClarkDr D Afboe Dr J ClarkeProfessor S Dr C ClellandAhmedzai Dr J Clough

Dr A Alexander Dr GM CochraneDr N Ali Mr J CockburnDr E Alton Professor DWProfessor G CockcroftAnabwani Dr AE Cockcroft

Dr P Andersen Dr L CoiterDr PL Anderson Dr R CokerDr H Anderson Dr A ColchenProfessor HR Professor P ColeAnderson Dr JV Collins

Dr J Anderson Dr J CongletonDr I Annesi Dr G ConnettDr NR Anthonisen Dr CK ConnollvDr V B Antony Dr MJ ConnollyProfessor P Dr SP ConwayArmstrong Dr NJ Cooke

Dr DV Ash Dr WOC CooksonDr S Ash Mr B CooperMr Au Dr CM CorbishleyMr J Au Dr D CorfieldDr JG Ayres Dr CJ CorriganDr K Juntunen Professor B CorrinDrckmantnn Dr P CornisDr C Baker Dr MG CosioDr YS Bakhle Dr U CostabelDr YS Bakhke Dr D Cramer

Dr P Ball Dr MD CraneDr SW Banham Dr GK CromptonDr J Banks Dr S CrowleyDr JRBanks r

Dr ARC CumminDr NRBannerle Dr J CunninghamDr PFBardesre Dr D CurrieDroAfeso Barker Dr N CurzenProfessor P Barnes Dr MJ CushleyMs G Barnes Dr G D'AlonzoProfessor E Bateman Dr PE da CostaDr S Baudouin Dr R DalesDr C Beardsmore Dr J DarbyshireDr R Beasley Dr A DattaDr EH Bel Dr A DavenportDr D Bell Dr PDO DaviesDr D Bellamy Dr B DaviesDr G Bellingan Dr RJO DaviesDr Klaus Bendtzen Dr HT DaviesDr J Bennett Dr A DaviesDr MK Benson Dr AG DavisonDr N Berkman Dr J De JongsteDr W Biemacki Professor MGProfessor D Blake DemedtsDr T Blanchard Dr G DeverauxDr DAR Boldv Dr CA DezateuxDr Jean-yvs Professor CJ

Bonnefoy DickinsonDr L-P Boulet Dr TA DillardDr I Bowler Dr M DolovichDr G Boyd Dr K DonaldsonDr TD Bradlcy Dr S DonnellyLCDR D A Professor G DoringBradshaw Dr JG Douglas

Dr PLP Brand Professor NJ DouglasDr JR Britton Dr I DoullDr MG Britton Dr L DowMr P Broe Dr JM DrazenDr P Brown Dr F DrobniewskiDr JS Brown Dr RM du BoisDr C Brun-Buisson Dr M DunnProfessor IB Dr S Durham

Brunekreef Mr J DussekDr R Buchdahl Dr R EastellDr CE Bucknall Dr M EcclesDr PS Burge Dr J EfthimiouDr C Burgess Dr I EganProfessor P Burney Dr JS ElbornDrABurns Dr M Elliott

Dr M Burr Dr D EmpeyProfessor B Burrows Dr P PBErnstnDr P Burt Dr M EstenneDr A Bush Professor TW EvansProfessor PMA Dr CC Evans

Calverley Dr ML EverardMr EWJ Cameron Mr A FaichneyDr IA Campbell Dr AJ FairfaxDr FA Carey Dr J FairhurstDr OJ Carey Dr K FergusonMiss FM Carnochan Dr L FindlevDr M Carroll Dr A FischerDr AM Cassoni Dr D FishwickDr JR Catterall Dr J-W FittingDr R Cayton Dr MF FitzpatrickDr R Chambers Dr JA FleethamDr N Cherniack Dr D FlemingProfessor NM Cherry Dr W FlemonsProfessor H Chrystyn Dr F FlinterDr F Chung Dr CDR Flower

Dr A FomsgaardMr CP Forrester-Wood

Mr FortyMr SW FountainDr D FranklinDr JAR FriendDr N Frimodt-

MollerDr RW FullerDr H FullerDr M FurrerDr CG GallagherDr W GardinerDr CS GarrardDr KC GatterProfessor J GauldieProfessor DMGeddes

Dr C GelderDr CFP GeorgeDr J GeorgeDr AR GibbsProfessor GJ GibsonDr R Glynne-JonesProfessor S GodfreyDr RG GoldieDr JM GoldmanDr RS GoldsteinMr P GoldstrawDr S GordonDr JR GosneyDr G GouldDr JRW GovanDr D GrahamDr JM GrangeDr A GrayDr M GreenProfessor AGreenough

Dr HR GribbinDr LE GustafssonDr P GustafssonProfessor A GuzProfessor F

GyntelbergProfessor R

HainsworthDr I HallDr MA HallDr JL HankinsonDr SP HanleyDr D HansellDr A HardmanProfessor F

HargreavcDr P HarperDr BDW HarrisonDr NK HarrisonDr T HarrisonDr J HarveyDr P HaslamProfessor C HaslettDr PN HawkinsDr J HayDr D HeafDr R HeatonDr P HellewellProfessor P HelmsDr AF HendersonDr DJ HendrickDr A HerbertDr CW HeronProfessor L HesletDr MR HetzelDr D HideProfessor T

HigenbottamDr BG HigginsDr LS HillDr NS HillDr TK HillersProfessor SR HiltonDr CRK HindProfessor M HodsonProfessor N HoibyDr WF HolmesDr D HoneybourneProfessor J HorneProfessor A

HornslethDr PJ HoskinDr P HowardDr R HowardDr T HowesDr R HubbardProfessor JMBHughes

Dr KP Hui

Dr G HulksDr GWHunninghake

Dr DCS HutchisonDr M HylandDr PW IndDr E IsraelDr L IzattDr JE JacksonProfessor DG JamesMr MJ JarvisDr SA JebbDr A JefferyDr PK JefferyMr RR JeffreyDr PA JenkinsDr OB JepsenDr M JohnDr NF JohnsonDr S JohnsonMr A JohnsonDr P JohnsonDr IDA JohnstonDr P JonesMr M JonesDr K JonesDr KP JonesDr R JorresDr EF JuniperDr EK KafterProfessor NA

KalshekerDr SDJM KantersDr N KaralusDr J KarpelMr P KayDr V KeatingsDr A KendrickDr B KeoghDr H KerstjensMr JF Khalil-Marzouk

Dr S KharitonovDr Jean-Pierre KinetDr W KinnearMr A KirkDr C KochDr A Kok-JensenDr J KolbeDr T KrauszDr MJ KrowkaDr M KrygerDr L KuitertDr LabordeDr L LaitinenDr A LansleyDr C LarocheDr L LarssonDr BD LaskDr G LaszloProfessor GJ LaurentDr EC LawrenceMr R LeaDr R LeachDr J LedermannProfessor T LeeDr R LeechDr D LefroyProfessor I LeighDr AG LeitchDr W LenneyDr TA LeslieProfessor P

LeuenbergerDr AJ LeviDr R LevinskyDr J LieblerDr SB LiggettDr S LimDr M LipmanDr BJ LipworthDr J LittlewoodDr S LockDr D LockwoodProfessor RLoddenkemper

Dr CG LofdahlDr D LomasDr A LukszaDr P LympanyDr WA LynnDr JT MacfarlaneDr B MacfarlaneDr C MacKenzieDr W MacNeeDr DA MahlerDr JA MahoneyMr MO MaiwandDr V MakMr PS MankadDr PJ Manning

Professor AFMarkham

Dr FD MartinezDr G MassardDr D MaxwellDr RL MaynardDr LG McAlpineDr R McAnultyDr A McConnellProfessor JCMcDonald

Dr VM McGovernDr TC McLoudDr W McNicholasDr P McWhinneyDr J Meecham-JonesDr S MehtarDr S MeredithDr TJ MeyerDr A MierDr JW MillarDr A MillarDr JS MilledgeDr RF MillerDr MR MillerProfessor AD MilnerDr R MilroyDr D MitchellDr D MitchellDr JP MonsonDr JM MontserratDr MDL MorganDr AH MoriceMr G MorittDr CJ MorleyDr NW MorrellMr G MorrittProfessor J MoxhamDr MF MuersProfessor J-F MuirDr D MulveyMr AJ MurdayProfessor KSNaunheim

Dr 0 NettelbladtDr E NevilleDr SP NewmanProfessor AJNewman Taylor

Professor CJ NewthDr Robert NewtonDr H NielsenDr R NiemanDr TO NunanDr P O'ByrneDr KJ O'ByrneDr C O'CallaghanDr B O'ConnorDr R O'DriscollProfessor RE O'HehirDr N OdomDr MH OliverDr PJM OpenshawDr LP OrmerodDr R PageMr RD PageDr CFA PantinProfessor PD PareDr Sidney R ParkerDr M PartridgeMr U PastorinoMr IS PatersonDr D PaviaDr I PavordDr RB PayneDr AJ PeacockDr J PeacockDr MD PeakeDr N PearceDr MG PearsonDr SB PearsonDr MC PearsonDr JK PeatDr OF PedersenDr S PedersenDr K Damgaard

PedersenDr M PedersenMr J PepperDr J-H PeterDr SA PetersDr D PhelpsDr G PhillipsDr H PicklesDr C PiquetteDr TL PittDr CG PlopperDr J PonteDr J Pounsford

Dr A PozniakProfessor JF PriceDr N PriceDr DB PriceProfessor N PrideDr RA PrimhakMr WB PugslevDr P RabbitsDr P RaffertyDr C RamsavDr S RangeDr J ReidDr D ReidDr J ReidyDr S RennardDr R RichardsDr G RidgwavDr B RijckenDr JD RoadDr JA RobertsDr RJH RobertsonDr DS RobinsonDr WRP RocheDr GM RockerDr D RodensteinDr D RogersDr RM RogersDr TK RogersProfessor R

Rodriguez-RoisinDr M RosenthalDr R RuddDr MHA RustinDr F RyanProfessor SA SahnDr Jean-Michael

SallenaveDr PJ SandersonMr N SaundersMr RE SayerDr GV ScagliottiProfessor AHV

SchapiraProfessor PScheinmann

Dr J SchirrenDr H SchonheyderDr MH SchoniDr RJ SchwabDr J SchwartzDr R SchwatzsteinProfessor M SearsProfessor WA SeedProfessor GSemenzato

Dr F SeriesDr S ShaheenProfessor DJ ShaleMs C ShannonDr R ShawDr CD SheldonDr JW ShepardDr MN SheppardDr D SherrillMs T ShevlinDr JM ShneersonProfessor M

SilvermanDr GA SilvestriDr T SimilowskiDr A SimondsProfessor H SimpsonDr P SkinhojDr C SkinnerDr EF SmitDr R SmithDr IE SmithDr C SmithDr N SnellDr M SokalProfessor RLSouhami

Dr CA SoutarDr U SpecksDr ANP SpeightDr D SpenceDr SG SpiroDr M SpiteriDr TAW SplinterDr MK SridharDr A St LegerDr D StableforthProfessor D StanescuDr JL StanfordDr RD StarkDr SC StentonDr R StephensDr NG StephensDr A StewartDr RA StocklevDr J Stocks

Dr R StoohsDr J StradlingDr R StrieterDr D StubbingDr P StuddyDr MF SudlowDr J SunverProfessor S SuterDr NL SvedmvrDr CR SwinburnDr DC TalbotDr R TaskerProfessor AE

TattersfieldDr I TaylorProfessor BW TaylorDr DJ TaylorDr C TealeDr M TeixeiraDr T TetleyDr TD TetleyDr N ThatcherDr J TheodoreProfessor NCThomson

Dr AH ThomsonMr A ThorpeMr ER TownsendMr T TreasureDr A de TroyerDr CWG TurtonDr PM TweeddaleDr JC TyrrellDr AHC UttleyDr AB Van RossumDr CP van SchayckDr K VenablesMiss A VennDr D VercelliDr AP VerhoeffDr C VirchowDr K ViskumDr EE VoestMr W WalkerDr J WallaceMr D WallerDr L WalshDr S WaltersProfessor EH WaltersDr CJ WarburtonDr J WardDr A WardlawDr A WarleyProfessor WJWarwick

Miss D WatsonDr J WatsonDr AK WebbDr JA WedzichaDr S WeilandDr H WeillDr DC WeirDr ST WeissDr AU WellsMr S WesterbvDr R WhiteDr J WhiteDr S WhittakerDr MWickremasinghe

Dr J WiddicombeDr JP Wiener-

KronishDr J WigginsDr PJ WijkstraDr PG WilcoxDr EGL WilkinsDr P WilkinsonDr MJ WilkinsonDr D WilliamsDr A WilliamsDr I WilliamsDr R WilsonDr NM WilsonDr P WilsonDr AG WilsonDr JH WinterDr RJD WinterDr A WisniewskiDr PJ WollDr Conroy WongDr M WoodMr R WoodDr AA WoodcockDr MA WoodheadProfessor E WoutersDr PM YellowleesMr GG YoungsonProfessor M Zach

1 284

insoraxThe Journal of the British Thoracic Society

VOLUME 51

President: J E STARK

Executive Editors:J R Britton and A J KnoxAssociate Editors: N C Barnes, M W Elliott, J A Fleetham, N M Foley, B G Higgins, N H0iby,

S A Lewis, M R Miller, M F Muers, D F Rogers, D P Strachan, W S Walker,J 0 Warner, R J D Wmter

Technical Editor: Elizabeth StockmanEditorial Assistant: Hilary Hughes

Advisory BoardS H Abman USAJ M Anto SpainP J Barnes UKE D Bateman South AfricaP S Burge UK

D M Geddes UKP Goldstraw UKC Haslett UKP J Helms UKG J Laurent UK

F D Martinez USAD M Mitchell UKA J Peacock UKR M Rudd UKN A Saunders Australia

P D Sly AustraliaM J Tobin USAM Woodhead UKEditor,

British Medical 3rournal

FEB 1 0 1998

Thorax1996;S1:1285-1290 1285~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~VOLUME 51 * AUTHOR INDEX

(E) = Editorial (L) = Letter

Aalbers R, 582Aalders BJ, 433AbbottJ, 1233Abbott KJ, 1109Abboud S, 407Abdelaziz MM, Suppl.3.A3,

Suppl.3.A39Abrahams J-P, Suppl.3.A50Adams C, Suppl.3.A33Adams WH, 140Adcock IM, 1223Addo Yobo EOD, Suppl.3.A42Adnot S, 762Afolabi 0, Suppl.3.A23Agusti C, 841Ahmed AA, 1048Aiken T, Suppl.3.A22Akkoclu A, 397Akpinar 0, 397Al Jarad N, 137, Suppl.3.A9Al-Kassimi F, 228 (L)Al-Kattan K, 1266Alcock SM, Suppl.3.A44Ali N, 914Alibhai A, Suppl.3.A40Alimohammadi A, Suppl.3.A3Allen DH, 159Allen J, Suppl.3.A52Allen JT, Suppl.3.A12Allen MB, 323, Suppl.3.A7Almenoff PL, 530Alonso-Calder6n JL, 420Alonso P, 1043Alton EWFW, Suppl 2.51,

Suppl.3.A5, Suppl.3.A6,Suppl.3.A57, Suppl.3.A60

Amendola M, 1000Amgus RM, 1048Amies M, Suppl.3.A73Amundson DE, 549, 1283 (L)Anderson HR, 1109Anderson K, 256, 654Anderson M, 140Anderson R, 1010, Suppl.3.A58Ando M, 650Andreone P, 315Angus RM, 71, Suppl.3.Al9,

Suppl.3.A65Antepara I, 867Ant6 JM, 743Antoine M, 1065Aranda A, 929Arias-Diaz J, 339Armstrong L, 143Arnold AG, Suppl.3.A55Arrand JR, 1160Arroyo 0, 420Asafo-Agyei AP, Suppl.3.A42Asboe D, 228 (L)Ascaso A, 1043Ashbaugh DG, 193Ashcroft T, 223Ashman J, 1115Ashworth F, Suppl.3.A47Aslam M, Suppl.3.A30Assoufi B, 664Assoufi BK, Suppl.3.A41Asthma Breakthrough Group,

Suppl.3.A63Ayatollahi T, 169Ayres J, Suppl.3.A61Ayres JG, 403, Suppl.3.A2,


Ayres N, Suppl.3.A34Ayuso MC, 841

Badminton RM, Suppl.3.A29Baenkler HW, 919Bagnall A, Suppl.3.A40Bake B, 1239Baker JC, Suppl.3.A2Baker M, Suppl.3.A21Bakker W, 298, 1283 (L)Balci P, 397Baldwin DR, 1165, Suppl.3.A7Balibrea JL, 339Banerjee D, Suppl.3.A32Banerjee DJ, Suppl.3.A69,

Suppl.3.A71Banner NR, 1162Baran R, 87Barber L, Suppl.3.A23Barber P, 345 (E),

Suppl.3.A55

Barbour C, Suppl.3.A76,Suppl.3.A77

Barbour CJ, Suppl.3.A76Barker RD, Suppl.3.AlBarnes GR, Suppl.3.A28Barnes NC, 137, 1062, 1073 (E),

1171 (E), 1223Barnes PJ, 218, 233 (E), 793, 1178,

1223, Suppl.3.A80Barr J, 82Barry PW, 175, 835Bartlett W, Suppl.3.A61Basten G, Suppl.3.A38,

Suppl.3.A60Batchelor SA,

Suppl.3.A36Bates DV, Suppl 2.3Battagel JM, Suppl.3.A78Battikh M, 554Baudouin SV, 516Bayley DL, Suppl.3.A81,

Suppl.3.A82Bayly G, Suppl.3.A61Bayram H, Suppl.3.A39,

Suppl.3.A54Bayston SM, Suppl.3.A55Beckhurst C, Suppl.3.A32Beeching NJ, 624Beer TW, 526B&gin R, 781Belcher J, 484Bell C, Suppl.3.A34Bell D, Suppl.3.A79Bell J, 831Bell SC, 126, 159, 971 (E),

Suppl.3.A58, Suppl.3.A59,Suppl.3.A80

Bellamy D, Suppl.3.A44,Suppl.3.A61

Bellemare F, 705Bellia V, 694Bellis MA, 624, Suppl.3.A9Benckhuijsen JAW, 582Bennett DE, Suppl.3.A8,

Suppl.3.A9Bennett JA, 989Bennett LS, Suppl.3.A76,

Suppl.3.A77Bentham G, Suppl.3.Al,

Suppl.3.A29Bentley C, Suppl.3.A31Benzaray S, 272, Suppl.3.A61,

Suppl.3.A65Berend N, 159Bergeron A, 611Bernardi M, 315Berrill WT, Suppl.3.A22Berrisford RG, Suppl 2.23Bestall J, 1068 (L)Bestall JC, Suppl.3.A1O,

Suppl.3.A24Beswick PH, 389Bianchi A, Suppl.3.A80Biernacki W, Suppl.3.A65Biggi A, 359Billing JS, 903Bilton D, Suppl.3.A60,

Suppl.3.A68Bingle L, 1273Birchall NM, 1123Bish R, 1100Bishop P, 1160Bistritzer T, 82Blackburn LA, Suppl.3.A62Bland M, Suppl.3.A61Block LH, 150Bloor CA, Suppl.3.A12Bobbio P, 1169 (L)Bodner C, Suppl.3.A22Boguniewicz M, Suppl 2.55Boissinot E, 385Bolafios J, 929Bolcskei PL, 919Bolden G, Suppl.3.A80Boldsen J, 503Boldur I, 179Bollert FGE, Suppl.3.A78Bolliger CT, 1127Bonay M, 611Bone M, Suppl.3.A70Booth H, 1100Booth JI, Suppl.3.A55Borland C, 855Bouchaud 0, 204Bouhadiba T, 781

Bourke SJ, 169, Suppl.3.A2,Suppl.3.A43

Bown SG, Suppl.3.A8Boyd G, 78, 656, Suppl.3.A71Brabin BJ, Suppl.3.A14,

Suppl.3.A15Bradding P, 575Bradshaw DA, 549, 1283 (L)Brady AR, Suppl.3.A8Brandli 0, 277Bredin C, Suppl.3.A33Bredin CP, Suppl.3.A49Brenton D, 960Brett SJ, 89, Suppl.3.A18Bridge P, Suppl.3.A80Bright P, 857, Suppl.3.A42,

Suppl.3.A43BrittonJ, 561 (E), 670, 711Britton JR, 1177Britton M, Suppl.3.A79Bromley IMJ, 1203Bromly C, 169Bromly CL, Suppl.3.A2Brown J, 894, 963Brown JM, Suppl.3.A54Brown JS, 564Browning J, Suppl.3.A6,

Suppl.3.A60Bruderman I, 407Brugiere 0, 1065Brun-Buisson C, 771 (L)Brunskill J, Suppl.3.A7Bruscoli G, 1077Brutel de la Riviere A, 846BTS Research Committee,

Suppl.3.A43Bucala R, Suppl.3.A54Buccheri G, 359Buckley A, Suppl.3.A21Buonaccorsi G, Suppl.3.A8Burdick MD, Suppl.3.A52Burdon J, 596Burge A, Suppl.3.A9Burge PS, 96, 484, 857, 969 (E),

Suppl.3.A40, Suppl.3.A41,Suppl.3.A42, Suppl.3.A43,Suppl.3.A44

Burgess CD, Suppl.3.A72Burgess K, 556Burgess L, Suppl.3.A15Burghuber OC, 9 (E)Burke CM, 993Burke MM, 727Burney P, Suppl.3.A63Burney PGJ, 924Burns S, 78Burt P, Suppl.3.A55Bury T, 1270Bush A, Suppl.3.A47, Suppl.3.A57Butland B, 670Butler JE, 490Butler N, 670Butt U, Suppl.3.A47Buurman WA, 819Bynner J, 670

Cabrera P, 1130Cafferty J, Suppl.3.A47,

Suppl.3.A48Cairns AY, Suppl.3.A14Calcagni PG, 267Calder C, Suppl.3.A71Calderon M, Suppl.3.A39Calverley PMA, Suppl.2.A29,

Suppl 3.19, Suppl.3.A44,Suppl.3.A65

Cameron CHS, 654Caminero J, 929Caminero JA, 1130Campbell EJ, Suppl.3.A82Campbell MJ, Suppl.3.A16Camus F, 204Cancio E, 1115Cannon J, Suppl.3.AlCantin A, 781Caplen NJ, Suppl.3.A6Carbognani P, 1169 (L)Carette M-F, 1065Cargill RI, 262Carrell RW, Suppl.3.A50Carroll KB, 1160Carroll N, Suppl.3.A60Carton C, Suppl.3.A64Casalino E, 204Cater JI, 364

Cattelani L, 1169 (L)Catterall J, Suppl.3.A79Catterall JR, Suppl.3.A4, Suppl.3.A77Cayla JA, 1130Cayton RM, 403, Suppl.3.A24Cerveri I, 424Ceyhan B, 793Chabasse D, 106Chabot F, Suppl.3.A35Chadwick M, Suppl.3.A8, Suppl.3.A9Chadwick SL, Suppl.3.A6,

Suppl.3.A60Chakroun M, 554Chalmers GW, 71, Suppl.3.A81Chambers DC, Suppl.3.A17,

Suppl.3.A18Chambers DJ, Suppl.3.A69Chambers J, Suppl.3.A18Chambers MA, Suppl.3.A34Chambers ST, 1010Chan H, 1280Chan SL, Suppl.3.A9Chan-Yeung M, 1280Chang JC, 306Chang S, Suppl.3.A74Chang W-S, Suppl.3.A51Chapman CJ, 458 (E)CHART Steering Committee, 1262Chatterjee AJ, Suppl.3.A49Cheesman AD, Suppl.3.A37Chen CY, 103Chen K-S, 221Chen Y-C, 869Cheng S, Suppl.3.A5, Suppl.3.A6Cheng SH, Suppl.3.A6Chereshsky A, 1010Chinn DJ, 699Chinn S, 1134Christie G, Suppl.3.A15Christie PE, 64, 1171 (E)Christmas T, Suppl.3.A7Chrystyn H, 658 (L)Cihla HP, 479Cimon B, 106Ciofu 0, 733Clark C, Suppl.3.A43Clark DJ, 262, 325, 658 (L), 941,

981, Suppl.3.A72Clark G, 325Clark MM, 989Clark RA, 941, Suppl.3.A14,

Suppl.3.A26, Suppl.3.A29Clarke JR, 875 (E), Suppl.3.A3Cline A, Suppl.3.A74Clough JB, Suppl.3.A22Coakley R, Suppl.3.A3Coats AJS, Suppl.3.A21Cobbe S, Suppl.3.A35Cockroft DW, 1051Coggon D, Suppl.3.A16Coker R, Suppl.3.A3Coker RJ, Suppl.3.A3, Suppl.3.A32Cole AA, 534Cole PJ, Suppl.3.A58Cole RB, 1165Collard Ph, 224Collier DJ, 175Collier J, 606Collins 1J_, 338Collins MK, Suppl.3.A6Collins PD, Suppl.3.A54Collinson J, 1115Colville A, 1243, 1248Conde MK, 385Congleton J, 936Connolly CK, 238, Suppl.3.A44,

Suppl.3.A56Connoily MJ, 164, 520, Suppl.3.A16,

Suppl.3.A17Conry B, Suppl.3.A72Conway S, Suppl.3.A50Conway SP, 29, 34Cook A, Suppl.3.A1, Suppl.3.A41Cook HT, 1253, Suppl.3.A34Cook PJ, Suppl.3.A14, Suppl.3.A36,

Suppl.3.A67Cooke NJ, 323Cooper A, Suppl.3.A57Cooper D, 1168 (L)Cooper S, Suppl.3.A26,

Suppl.3.A27Copeland J, Suppl.3.A57Corbishley C, 1158Cordero PJ, 94CorhayJ-L, 1270

Thorax 1996;51:1285-1290 1285

1286

Corlett SA, 658 (L)Cormier Y, 1210Cornwall Asthma Liaison Nurse

Team, Suppl.3.A62Corrado A, 677, 1077Corris PA, 767, 1068 (L), 1164,

Suppl.3.A18, Suppl.3.A23Cosio MG, 354Costello C, Suppl.3.A58Costello CM, 619Cotes JE, 699CoulbyLJ, 1185Coultas DB, 711, 717Coursin DB, 479Coutie WJ, Suppl.3.A36Couture J, 705Cowley AJ, Suppl.3.A46Cox Y, 855Craft PS, 552Cramer D, 202Crane J, Suppl.3.A42, Suppl.3.A72Crisp AJ, 1243, 1248Croall J, 256Crocker J, 526Crombie IK, Suppl.3.A14,

Suppl.3.A29Crompton GK, 454 (L),

Suppl.3.A74, Suppl.3.A75Crooks SW, Suppl.3.A81Crosby J, Suppl.3.A79Crouch S, Suppl.3.A59Cryan B, Suppl.3.A33Cullinan P, Suppl.3.A1 1Cunningham S, Suppl.3.A61Curnow J, 78Curtin JJ, Suppl.3.A70Curzen NP, Suppl.3.A36Cushley M, Suppl.3.A70Custovic A, Suppl.3.A41,

Suppl.3.A42Cuttitta G, 694

Dagg K, Suppl.3.A81Dagg KD, 461 (E), 853Dahl D, Suppl.3.A74Dally M, Suppl.3.A41Daniels JE, Suppl.3.A44Dankert-Roelse JE, 207D'Arcy EM, Suppl.3.A51Dark JH, 1068 (L), Suppl.3.A23Dassio G, 446Davern S, Suppl.3.A53Davey Smith G, Suppl.3.A23Davidson AC, Suppl.3.A1Davies J, Suppl.3.A47, Suppl.3.A57Davies L, Suppl 2.29, Suppl.3.A19,

Suppl.3.A21, Suppl.3.A65Davies P, Suppl.3.A14,

Suppl.3.A67Davies PDO, 624, Suppl.3.A9,

Suppl.3.A33, Suppl.3.A34Davies R, Suppl.3.A73Davies RJ, 1105, Suppl.3.A3,


Davies RJO, Suppl 2.65,Suppl.3.A67, Suppl.3.A76,Suppl.3.A77, Suppl.3.A79

Davison AG, 564de Bruijn R, 582De Campos M, 793de Gentile L, 106de Jong JW, 684De Paola E, 677, 1077de Picciotto C, 204Deane CR, 516Decramer M, 601Deegan PC, Suppl.3.A7,

Suppl.3.A21Delaney SJ, Suppl.3.A60Delwiche J-P, 452Delwiche JP, 472Demertzis P, 137Demissie K, 59DeMolles D, 787Denn DJ, Suppl.3.A62Dent G, 647Dentener MA, 819Desager KN, Suppl.3.A73Desai M, Suppl.3.A49Desmeules M, 1210Despas P, 341Deuchar G, Suppl.3.A35Devadason SG, 75, 537, 985Devalia JL, 1105, Suppl.3.A3,


Devereux G, 169Devlin J, 1168 (L)Dewar A, Suppl.3.A57Dewar J, Suppl.3.A15, Suppl.3.A37Dewar MH, Suppl.3.A74,

Suppl.3.A75Dezateux C, Suppl.3.A15Dhillon DP, 689

Diallo AA, 385Diaz F, 1130Diederich S, 914Dilworth JP, 320Dimond PD, Suppl.3.A73Diot P, 385Dirksen A, 973Dische S, 1262Diss TC, Suppl.3.AlDjukanovic R, 575Dodd M, 1233, Suppl.3.A49Dodds R, 569Doherty MJ, Suppl.3.A20Donald KG, 59Donaldson GC, Suppl.3.A19,

Suppl.3.A65Donaldson K, 389, 465, 1203,

1216, Suppl.3.A53Donath D, 354Donnell D, Suppl.3.A73Donnelly S, Suppl.3.A52Donnelly SC, Suppl.3.A54Dosman JA, 650Douglas AS, 944Douglas JG, Suppl.3.A22,

Suppl.3.A66, Suppl.3.A71Douglas NJ, 190, 882,

Suppl.3.A4,Suppl.3.A78

Douillard JY, Suppl.3.A55Doull IJM, 630Dow E, Suppl.3.A37Dow L, Suppl.3.A16Dowlati A, 1270Dowson LI, Suppl.3.A69Drazen JM, 1168 (L)Drinnan MJ, Suppl.3.A76Drobniewski F, Suppl.3.A8,

Suppl.3.A9du Bois RM, Suppl.3.Al 1Duckworth G, Suppl.3.A9Duffield JS, 140Duncan-Skingle F, 936Duncanson RD, Suppl.3.A2Dundas I, Suppl.3.A15Dunster C, Suppl.3.A59Duranti R, 677, 1000Durham SR, 664

Earis JE, Suppl.3.A57East London COPDCollaborative Group,

Suppl.3.A19,Suppl.3.A65

Eastell R, Suppl.3.A72Eastrige C, 253Eaton T, Suppl.3.A7Ebden P, Suppl.3.A70Ebels T, 638Eber E, 985Edenborough F, Suppl.3.A47,

Suppl.3.A48, Suppl.3.A50Edenborough FP, 374, 652,

Suppl.3.A24Edmonds DK, 1064Edwards RJ, Suppl.3.A20Egan Jj, 873 (L), 1160,

Suppl.3.A23, Suppl.3.A68Egan M, 343Ekstrom T, 1028El-Ebiary M, 378El Gamel A, Suppl.3.A23El-Henmaidi I, Suppl.3.A47El Kamel A, 554El Khushman H, Suppl.3.A37Elad D, Suppl.3.A65Elbers HRJ, 846Elborn JS, 126, 971 (E),


Elender F, Suppl.3.AlElliott MW, Suppl.3.Al 1,


Elliott PR, Suppl.3.A50Empey DW, 137, Suppl.3.A9Engstrom C-P, 825Ennis M, Suppl.3.A64Enomoto T, Suppl.3.AlEpton MJ, 1010Eraut D, 564Ernst P, 59Eshel G, 82European Study Group of

Community AcquiredPneumonia of the EuropeanRespiratory Society, 1017

Evans AE, 293Evans AJ, 1243, 1248Evans C, Suppl.3.A19Evans CC, 550Evans DJ, 1178, 1185Evans EN, Suppl.3.A70Evans S, Suppl.3.Al 1, Suppl.3.A32Evans SA, 1243, 1248

Evans TW, 89, 114 (E),Suppl.3.A18, Suppl.3.A35,Suppl.3.A36, Suppl.3.A53

Everard ML, 75, 537, 985Evertse CE, 496

Fabbri LM, 267Fabbri M, 315Fabregas N, 378Fairfax AJ, Suppl.3.A45Falguera M, 967 (L)Fanfulla F, 424Farley R, Suppl.3.A60Farrell DJ, 223Farrell I, Suppl.3.A8, Suppl.3.A9Farrell PJ, Suppl.3.AlFasano L, 315Feather I, 575Featherstone RL, Suppl.3.A69Feely MP, 323Fennerty A, Suppl.3.A57Fenwick LJ, 1048Fergusson RJ, 569Fernando SSD, 1083Ferrando JR, Suppl.3.A36Ferrigno D, 359Field PI, 159Fielding DI, Suppl.3.A8Finch SP, Suppl.3.A4Finlay GA, 619, Suppl.3.A51Finney S, Suppl.3.A68Fisher M, 228 (L)Fishwick D, 767, Suppl.3.A44Fitch R, Suppl.3.A64Fitt S, 1168 (L)Fitzgerald B, Suppl.3.AlFitzGerald MX, 619, Suppl.3.A12,


Fitzharris P, Suppl.3.A42Flanagan KL, 1062Fleming TA, Suppl.3.A26Flemming TA, Suppl.3.A45Fletcher AM, Suppl.3.A41,

Suppl.3.A44Fletcher M, Suppl.3.A15Fletcher T, Suppl.3.A14Fletcher TJ, Suppl.3.A1 7,

Suppl.3.A18, Suppl.3.A66Flower CDR, 914Folgering HThM, 1192FongKM, 1275Forbes GI, 78Forbes L, Suppl.3.A63Forsythe P, Suppl.3.A64Fothergill J, 959Fountain SW, 727, 1266Fournel P, Suppl.3.A55Fox A, Suppl.3.A23Fox RA, 963Frampton C, 1010Francis Ch, 224Francis HC, Suppl.3.A41Francis J, Suppl.3.A47Franklin M, 364Fraser IS, 932Fraser RS, 175Frechet M, 385Freezer NJ, 630Freitag L, 224Freixinet J, 929Frew AJ, 458 (E)Friedman MG, 179Friend JAR, Suppl.3.A22,

Suppl.3.A66, Suppl.3.A71FujiiT, 1199Fujimoto K, 312, 739Fukumura M, 155Furuya K, 777

Gabbay E, 1068 (L), Suppl.3.A18,Suppl.3.A23

Galli S, 315Gallon AM, 429Gamble LA, Suppl.3.A64Gamboa PM, 867Gandevia SC, 490Gandhi M, 451Ganeshalingam K, Suppl.3.A70Gannon PFG, 484Garnham R, 1068 (L), Suppl.3.A24Garrett J, Suppl.3.A7Garrett JE, 1093Garrido-Garcia H, 420Garrod R, 1068 (L), Suppl.3.A24Gates AJ, Suppl.3.A3Gavant M, 253Gaya H, 137Gazzard BG, 228 (L)Geddes D, 202Geddes DM, 1158, Suppl.3.A5,


Gelder CM, Suppl.3.A2Gerbe J, 204

Author index

Gerritsen J, 298, 317Ghosal S, 1229Gialdroni-Grassi G, 1017Gibbs AR, 327, 1074Gibbs JSR, 89Gibson B, 256Gibson D, 1262Gibson GJ, 238, Suppl.3.A4,

Suppl.3.A76Giembycz MA, 647Giffin F, 815Gill GV, 104Gillen D, 959Gillis CR, Suppl.3.A8, Suppl.3.A56Gilmour PS, 1216, Suppl.3.A53Ginanni R, 1077Giwercman B, 733Glynn P, Suppl.3.A3Go LT, 977Godden DJ, Suppl.3.A22Godfrey S, Suppl 2.60Goldstraw P, 114 (E)Gonzalez G, 867Gonzalez J, 378Gonzalez J, 771 (L)Gooch R, Suppl.3.A69Gordon-Smith J, 325Gorini M, 677, 1077Gosney JR, 721Gosselink R, 601Gould FK, Suppl.3.A23Goyal M, 320, Suppl.3.A32,

Suppl.3.A33GPs in Asthma Group (GPIAG),

Suppl.3.A44Granados A, 1043Grandsaigne M, 611Grassell J, Suppl.3.A74Gratziou C, 575Green M, 510, 1239, Suppl.3.A16,

Suppl.3.A21, Suppl.3.A45Green R, Suppl.3.A41, Suppl.3.A42Green RM, Suppl.3.A41Greene SA, Suppl.3.A14Greene T, Suppl.3.A62Greening AP, Suppl.3.A19,

Suppl.3.A74Greenough A, 815Greenstone MA, Suppl.3.A20,

Suppl.3.A55Gregor A, 569Griffiths C, 1071 (E)Griffiths CJ, Suppl.3.A76Griffiths TL, 1083Groen HJM, 638Grol MH, 317Gross G, Suppl.3.A73Grove A, 54, 262, 585, 689Guhan AR, Suppl.3.A26,

Suppl.3.A27Guite HF, 924Gumery L, 374, Suppl.3.A48Gurevitch S, 82Gurley AM, 197Gursahaney A, 354Gutteridge JMC, Suppl.3.A53

Haahtela T, 628Habbema JDF, 298Halfens RJG, 39Halford S, Suppl.3.A62Hall I, Suppl.3.A15Hall IP, 351 (E), 1168 (L),

Suppl.3.A37, Suppl.3.A38Hallowes M, 1123Hamad AM, Suppl.3.A38Hamid S, Suppl.3.A47Hammersley V, 1115Hammond K, Suppl.3.A14,

Suppl.3.A66Hamnegard C-H, 510, 1239,


Hamnett T, 29, 34Hamour AA, 932Hanaoka M, 312, 739Hanby A, Suppl.3.A8Hance AJ, 611Hanley SP, Suppl.3.A28,

Suppl.3.A70, Suppl.3.A75Hansell DM, 1 (E), 1158Hansen HS, 503Hanson JA, 108Hardy C, Suppl.3.A34Hardy CC, Suppl.3.A17Harrington D, Suppl.3.A21Harris J, Suppl.3.A65Harris JM, Suppl.3.Al 1Harris ML, Suppl.3.A16,

Suppl.3.A21, Suppl.3.A45Harrison BDW, 238, 967 (L),

Suppl.3.Al, Suppl.3.A29,Suppl.3.A70

Harrison DJ, Suppl.3.A52Harrison L, Suppl.3.A74

Author index

Hart C, Suppl.3.A23Hartley-Sharpe C, Suppl.3.A29Harvey JE, 340Hasleton PS, 1160Haslett C, Suppl.3.A54Hassantash SA, 193Hatipoglu ON, 397Hatton MQF, 323HauserR, 1127Haward RA, 557 (E)Hawkins T, Suppl.3.A23Hayano T, 739Hayasaka M, 312, 739Hayden MJ, 985Hayes JP, 619Hayes MJ, 727Haynes S, Suppl.3.A18Hayton R, Suppl.3.A69Hayward A, Suppl.3.A8, Suppl

2.55Hayward AC, Suppl.3.A8Heaf D, Suppl.3.A14Heaney LG, Suppl.3.A64Hearse DJ, Suppl.3.A69Heath L, Suppl.3.A7Hebert CA, Suppl.3.A54Hedman J, 411HeitzM, 1127Helenius IJ, 628Helms P, Suppl.3.A15Hendrick DJ, 169, 947, Suppl 2.1,


Hendrick V, Suppl.3.A22Hendry J, Suppl.3.A49Henry JA, 959Herbert J, Suppl.3.A8, Suppl.3.A9Hernandez C, 37Hernandez P, 354Herva E, 185Hetzel M, Suppl.3.A8Hetzel MR, 226Hextall A, 1162Heyderman RS, Suppl.3.A33Heymans HSA, 317Hickey B, 369Hicks M, Suppl.3.A35Higenbottam T, 855Higgins BG, 965Higham MA, Suppl.3.A40Hilderink HBM, 298Hill A, Suppl.3.A9Hill AT, Suppl.3.A24, Suppl.3.A69Hill P, 596Hill SL, Suppl.3.A81, Suppl.3.A82Hillery E, Suppl.3.A5Hills BA, 773 (E)Hind CRK, 248, Suppl 2.1,

Suppl.3.A27, Suppl.3.A29Hirai Y, 155Hirata K, 810, 1199Hirayama Y, 199Hirst SJ, Suppl.3.A15Hizawa N, 777Ho A, 1280Ho LP, Suppl.3.A19Hodge L, 805Hodson ME, 119, 936,


Hoiby N, 733Hoitsma HFW, 449Holden A, 104Hole D, Suppl.3.A23Holgate ST, 3 (E), 458 (E), 575,

630, Suppl.3.A16, Suppl.3.A22Holland E, Suppl.3.A38Holly JMP, Suppl.3.A12Holmes WF, Suppl.3.A13Holmskov U, 907Honda T, 312, 739Honeybourne D, Suppl.3.A14,


Hooijer R, 496Hooper J, Suppl.3.A48Hooper RE, 369Hopes E, Suppl.3.A15Hopkin JM, Suppl.3.AlHoriuchi T, 1036Horovitz 0, 179Horowitz S, 179Hosker HSR, Suppl.3.A54,

Suppl.3.A55Hoskins G, Suppl.3.A26,

Suppl.3.A44Howarth PH, 575Howe M, Suppl.3.A28Howes TQ, 516Howitt D, Suppl.3.A9Howland W, Suppl.3.A74Hsieh M-J, 221Hsu CP, 103Hsu NY, 103Huang L, Suppl.3.A5, Suppl.3.A6

Hubbard R, 711Hubbard RB, 1243Huchon G, 1017Hughes DT, 137Hughes J, Suppl.3.A72Hughes JM, Suppl 2.9Hughes JMB, 727, Suppl 2.16,

Suppl.3.A37, Suppl.3.A38Hughes MP, 717Hughes PD, Suppl.3.A16,


Hulse P, Suppl.3.A13Humbert M, 664Hunter U, Suppl.3.A25Hurchison DCS, 1168 (L)Hussain IR, 652Hutton S, 1010Huyer Abu-Saad H, 39Hyldebrandt N, 503

landelli i, 677Ichinose M, 199Ikeda A, 48Iles PB, Suppl.3.A69, Suppl.3.A71Ind PW, Suppl.3.A37, Suppl.3.A38,

Suppl.3.A40, Suppl.3.A80Ingram CG, 689Innes JA, Suppl.3.A19,

Suppl.3.A46Ioannides-Demos LL, 369Ireland DC, 1115ISOLDE Study Group,

Suppl.3.A44Israel-Assayag E, 1210Israel-Biet D, 875 (E)Ito K, 1036Itoh A, 777Izumi T, 48

Jack S, Suppl.3.A21Jackson R, 1010Jacobson J, Suppl.3.A74Jain S, 552Jamart J, 472Jamieson A, Suppl.3.A74,

Suppl.3.A75Jamieson ID, Suppl.3.A33Jamieson S, 624Jarvis D, Suppl.3.A29, Suppl.3.A63Jasani B, 1074Jatakanon A, Suppl.3.A80Jauregui I, 867Jeanfaivre T, 106Jeffrey AA, Suppl.3.A62Jeffrey M, Suppl.3.A62Jeffrey RR, Suppl.3.A56Jenkins RJ, 689Jenkinson C, Suppl.3.A4Jessup P, 1275Johansen HK, 1023Johnson A, 530Johnson M, Suppl.3.A82Johnson MM, Suppl.3.A81Johnson PH, 107, Suppl.3.A7,

Suppl.3.A46Johnson S, Suppl.3.A28,

Suppl.3.A75Johnson SK, Suppl.3.A56Johnson SR, Suppl.3.A40,

Suppl.3.A66, Suppl.3.A67Johnston CF, Suppl.3.A56Johnston I, 711Johnston IDA, 534, 1243, 1248,

Suppl.3.A7Joint Tuberculosis Committee of

the British Thoracic Society,111 (E)

Jones A, Suppl.3.A48, Suppl.3.A61Jones AP, Suppl.3.A29Jones COH, 1134Jones M, Suppl.3.A69Jones PW, 44, Suppl.3.A24Jones RC, Suppl.3.A81Jones RN, Suppl 2.9Jones T, 727, Suppl.3.A38Jordan N, 143Joseph L, 59Jourdan KB, Suppl.3.A36Judd M, 575Julia G, 1130Jurriaans E, 914

Kageyama N, 199Kahana LM, 873 (L)Kakishima M, 650Kamel D, 887Kanazawa H, 1199KaneJ, Suppl.3.A71,

Suppl.3.A72Kaprio J, 288Karlikaya C, 397Kashyap AP, 223Katz I, 272Kauppinen MT, 185

Kawaguchi T, 1199Kawakami Y, 777Kay AB, 664Keane E, Suppl.3.A33Keaney NP, Suppl.3.A46Keatings V, Suppl.3.A58Keatings VM, Suppl.3.A12,

Suppl.3.A18Keavey P, Suppl.3.A23Keilty SEJ, 516Kelleher N, Suppl.3.A49Keller R, 277Kelly CA, 343Kelly FJ, Suppl.3.A52,

Suppl.3.A59, Suppl.3.A69Kelly YJ, Suppl.3.A14,

Suppl.3.A15Kemp M, Suppl.3.A48Kendrick A, Suppl.3.A79Kendrick AH, Suppl.3.A4,

Suppl.3.A77Kennedy H, 256Kennedy MM, Suppl.3.A56Kennedy NJ, Suppl.3.A36KentJ, 1115Keogan MT, Suppl.3.A68Kerkhoff AHM, 454 (L)Kerr G, 569Kerr KM, Suppl.3.A56Ketel AG, 207Ketelaars CAJ, 39Keul R, 150Khair OA, Suppl.3.A3,

Suppl.3.A39Kharitonov SA, 233 (E)Khilnani GC, 132Khilnani S, 132Khoo SH, 932Kieft GJ, 23Kiely DG, Suppl.3.A36Kiely JL, Suppl.3.A21,

Suppl.3.A61, Suppl.3.A78Kilgallen I, Suppl.3.A3Killen JWW, 871King G, Suppl.3.A56Kingston HD, Suppl.3.A6Kinnear W, Suppl.3.A43,

Suppl.3.A45Kinnear WJM, 534, 1279,

Suppl.3.A7, Suppl.3.A46Kir A, 87Kitson C, Suppl.3.A5Kiyosawa K, 312Kizkin 0, 87Klein JJ, 454 (L)Klin B, 82Klockars M, 92Knight A, Suppl.3.A61Knight AC, Suppl.3.A46Knight R, Suppl.3.A2Knight RA, 119, Suppl.3.A12,

Suppl.3.A52Knox A, 799, Suppl.3.A50Knox AJ, 561 (E), 1177,

Suppl.3.A38, Suppl.3.A39,Suppl.3.A40, Suppl.3.A59,Suppl.3.A60, Suppl.3.A67

Kobayashi T, 739Koch C, 1023Kochhar P, 190Kodama N, 777Koerner SK, 606Koeter GH, 433, 684Kohler G, 253Koide K, 155Koizumi T, 739Kojima J, 777Kok-Jensen A, 973Kolbe J, 1093, Suppl.3.A7Kon OM, 959Kooij L, 298Koskenvuo M, 288Kostianev S, 267Koyama H, 48, Suppl.3.A6Krausz T, 727KreschMJ, 1137Kubo K, 312, 739KudohS, 1199Kuitert LM, 1073 (E), 1223Kujala P, 185Kujala UM, 288Kunkel SL, Suppl.3.A52Kunzli N, 277Kuo H-P, 221Kuo P-H, 869, 1060Kuo S-H, 1060Kurbaan AS, 960Kurihara N, 810, 1199Kurtz CP, 765Kuwabara M, 1036Kyroussis D, 510, 1239,


Labib M, Suppl.3.A70Lahat E, 82

1287

Lakhani N, Suppl.3.A30Lamb NJ, Suppl.3.A53LambertL, 1165Lambert PA, Suppl.3.A49Lammers J-WJ, 977Lamproye A, 1270Land AF, Suppl.3.A48Lane DJ, 415Lanes SF, 1093Langdon CG, Suppl.3.A28Langford B, Suppl.3.A5,

Suppl.3.A76Langford IH, Suppl.3.AlLanng S, 1023Larsson S, 825Laszlo G, Suppl.3.A17Laurent GJ, 217Lawless G, Suppl.3.A61Le Souef PN, 75, 985Le Souef PN, 537Ledson MJ, Suppl.3.A29Lee L-N, 869Lee TH, 64Legge JS, Suppl.3.A22,

Suppl.3.A66, Suppl.3.A71Lehto V-P, 887Leiononen M, 179Leitch AG, 78, 140, Suppl.3.A31Leitch N, Suppl.3.A2Lemarie E, 385Lenclud C, 694Leone A, 359Leonidas JC, 1005Leophonte P, 1017Lesser M, 530L'Estrange PR, Suppl.3.A78Lesur 0, 781, 1210Leung R, 596Lever N, Suppl.3.A72Levine AJ, 338Levy M, Suppl.3.A61Levy ML, 1087, Suppl.3.A28Levy RD, 354Lewis RA, Suppl.3.A27Lewis S, 670, Suppl.3.A13Li SC, 369Li XY, 465, 1216, Suppl.3.A53Liaw Y-S, 1060Lieberman D, 179Lightfoot N, Suppl.3.A8,

Suppl.3.A9Iightowler JVJ, Suppl.3.A67Ligtvoet EEJ, 449Lin J-L, 661LinWH, 1137Lin Y-C, 907Lindahl M, 1028Lindenthal U, 919Linko L, 92Linnane S, Suppl.3.A58Linnett P, Suppl.3.A41Lipworth BJ, 54, 110 (L), 262, 325,

585, 658 (L), 689, 941, 981,Suppl.3.A36, Suppl.3.A37,Suppl.3.A72

Lison M, 272Little J, Suppl.3.A22Liu Y-C, 661Ulewellyn-Jones CG, Suppl.3.A81Lloberes P, 1043Loblay RL, 805Lok S, Suppl.3.A67Lomas D, Suppl.3.A60Lomas DA, Suppl.3.A50,

Suppl.3.A51Lourens MS, 317Lovegrove J, Suppl.3.A60Low JL, Suppl.3.A22Lowry RC, Suppl.3.A64Lozewicz S, Suppl.3.A51Luburich P, 841Lueck CJ, 108Luh K-T, 869Luijendijk SCM, 1192Lukacs KV, Suppl.3.A6Lushkov G, 82Lyons D, Suppl.3.A16

McCarthy K, Suppl.3.A33McCarthy TP, Suppl.3.A30McCarville S, Suppl.3.A74McCloskey C, Suppl.3.A47,

Suppl.3.A48McCowan C, Suppl.3.A14,

Suppl.3.A29McDonald AL, Suppl.3.AlMcDonald JC, 97, Suppl.3.AI 1McDonnell TJ, Suppl.3.A53McDonough BJ, Suppl.3.A27,

Suppl.3.A29McDougall C, Suppl.3.A15McDowall P, Suppl.3.A71,

Suppl.3.A72McEwen J, Suppl.3.A8,

Suppl.3.A56

1288

Macfadyen UM, Suppl.3.A30Macfarlane J, 539Macfarlane JT, 107, Suppl.3.A13,

Suppl 2.45McFarlane L, Suppl.3.A72McFarlane LC, Suppl.3.A37Macfarlane RM, Suppl.3.A13McGarvey LPA, Suppl.3.A64McGavin CR, Suppl.3.A68McGawJ, 1229McGivern DV, Suppl.3.A55McGrath D, Suppl.3.A33McGrath DS, Suppl.3.A49McGregor S, Suppl.3.A71Machacek J, Suppl.3.A74McIvor A, Suppl.3.A63Mackarel AJ, Suppl.3.A53Mackay J, 562McKenzie DK, 490Mackenzie W, Suppl.3.A50McLean A, Suppl.3.A59,


McLean AJ, 369Maclean MR, Suppl.3.A35McLellan D, 654Macleod DP, Suppl.3.A46McLeod DT, 444MacLeod K, Suppl.3.A71MacLeod KJ, Suppl.3.A81McLoughlin P, Suppl.3.A18MacMahon J, 293, Suppl.3.A64McMahon K, Suppl.3.A51McMahon KJ, Suppl.3.A12MacNee W, 348 (E), 465, 1216,


McNeil KD, 1275McNicholas WT, Suppl.3.A21,

Suppl.3.A61, Suppl.3.A78McPhate G, 325McRedmond J, Suppl.3.A58McSharry C, Suppl.3.A81McSharry CP, 654, Suppl.3.A71Madden BP, 1158Madgwick RG, 415Madsen F, 973Maestrelli P, 267Mahadeva R, Suppl.3.A60Maiello A, 446Maier RV, 193Mak V, Suppl.3.A79Makker H, Suppl.3.A48,

Suppl.3.A71, Suppl.3.A72Makombe R, Suppl.3.A33Male S, Suppl.3.A72Malo J-L, 1168 (L)Mamun M, Suppl.3.A44Manisali M, 397ManorE, 179Manresa F, 1017Manvell M, Suppl.3.A6Marc I, 851Markham AF, 878 (E)Marks GB, 793Marriott C, 119, Suppl.3.A74Marshall B, Suppl.3.A32,

Suppl.3.A33Marshall BG, 1253, Suppl.3.A34Martel M, 781Martin-Escribano P, 420Martin GP, Suppl.3.A74Martin IR, 1010Martinez ME, 94Martini A, 424Maskrey VL, 516Maslen T, 1087Mason NP, 175Mason PR, Suppl.3.A33Masterson JB, Suppl.3.A51Mathur R, Suppl.3.A79Mattman LH, 530Matusiewicz SP, Suppl.3.A74Maurer B, Suppl.3.A21Maxwell JD, 944Mayaud C, 1065Maynard RL, 1174 (E)Mazaira-Alvarez J, 420Meadows K, Suppl.3.A62Meadows KA, Suppl.3.A12Meakin BJ, Suppl.3.A73Mearns A, Suppl.3.A7Mecozzi B, 446Meecham Jones DJ, 137, 455 (E)Meeker D, Suppl.3.A6Meessen NEL, 1192Meijer RJ, 433Meliconi R, 315Melloni B, 781Mendes P, 1270Mercer J, Suppl.3.A7Meredith S, 435Messori A, 1077Metz C, Suppl.3.A54Meurice J-C, 851

Michie J, 256Middleton PM, Suppl.3.A60Middleton WG, 238Milburn HJ, Suppl.3.A47Miles JF, 403, Suppl.3.A28,

Suppl.3.A75Millar A, 143Millar EA, 71Millard FJC, Suppl.3.A32Milledge JS, 175Miller MR, 175, 403Miller R, Suppl.3.A3Miller RF, Suppl.3.A3Milleron B, 1065Mills GH, 510, 1239, Suppl.3.A45Milne D, Suppl.3.A7Milroy R, Suppl.3.A8,

Suppl.3.A56Miniero R, 315Minton EJ, Suppl 2.45Mirali M, Suppl.3.A65Mishima M, 48Misuri G, 677Mitchell CA, 451Mitchell CG, 389Mitchell D, Suppl.3.A3Mitchell DM, 959, Suppl.3.A3Mitchell DN, 238Mitchell JA, Suppl.3.A35,

Suppl.3.A36Mitchell L, 767Mitchell MI, 1178Miura M, 199Miyamura K, 907Mochizuki H, 284Mohsenifar Z, 606Monaghan B, Suppl.3.A12Monie R, Suppl.3.A57Montazeri A, Suppl.3.A8,

Suppl.3.A56Montserrat JM, 1043Moore A, Suppl.3.A69Morales P, 94Morgan MDL, Suppl.3.A25Morgan WKC, 771 (L)Morikawa A, 284Morrell NW, Suppl.3.A35Morris G, 256Morris GP, 654Morris MJ, 415Morrison D, Suppl.3.A52Morrison SC, Suppl.3.A20Morritt GN, 223Mortimore IL, 190, Suppl.3.A4Moskowitz N, 306Mostert R, 39Mostgaard G, 503Moudgil H, Suppl.3.A30Mousley K, Suppl.3.A26Mowat D, Suppl.3.A29Moxham J, 510, 516, 1239,


Moya C, 94Mudway IS, Suppl.3.A52Muers MF, 894, Suppl.3.A54, 238,

557 (E)Miugica V, 867Muhdi K, 374Mukherji N, Suppl.3.A58Mukhopadhyay S, 364, 1283 (L)MurdayA, 1158Murray A, Suppl.3.A76Murray KM, 549, 1283 (L)Mushtaq M, Suppl.3.A69Myers JD, Suppl.3.A37,

Suppl.3.A40, Suppl.3.A80

Nagasaka Y, 769Nagelkerke AF, 207Nair G, Suppl.3.A15Nair LG, 765Nakajima S, 769Nakamura K, 650Nasser S, 64NauckM, 150Navabi H, 1074Negus T, Suppl.3.A5Neill AM, 1010Neri M, Suppl.3.A80Neville R, Suppl.3.A44Neville RG, Suppl.3.A14,


Newman-Taylor A, Suppl.3.A41Newman Taylor AJ, 541, 743Newstead CG, 659 (E)Newton DT, 484Newton R, 1223Ng Man Kwong G, Suppl.3.A55Nicholson AG, Suppl.3.AlNicholson KG, 1115Nicholson WJ, 389Nicolaides KH, 815

NimkoffL, 1005Ninan TK, Suppl.3.A22Ning A, Suppl.3.A74Nir M, 1023Nishimura K, 48Niven RM, Suppl.3.A44Niven RMcL, 632, 965Nixon L, Suppl.3.A49Nixon LS, Suppl.3.A58,

Suppl.3.A59, Suppl.3.A80Nkere U, Suppl.3.A23Nogues A, 967 (L)Nolan J, Suppl.3.Al 1,

Suppl.3.A60Nordman H, 435Nordstrom M, Suppl.3.A79Northampton Asthma Project,

Suppl.3.A62Norton P, Suppl.3.A63Nuorva K, 887Nutini S, 1077Nyberg P, 92

Obeng R, Suppl.3.A9Oborne J, 989O'Callaghan C, 835, 1115O'Connor BJ, 1178, 1185,

Suppl.3.A6O'Connor C, Suppl.3.A12,

Suppl.3.A18O'Connor CM, 619, Suppl.3.A51,

Suppl.3.A53, Suppl.3.A58O'Connor GT, 787O'Donnell DM, Suppl.3.A12,

Suppl.3.A18O'Donnell M, Suppl.3.A57O'Donohoe CM, Suppl.3.A12O'Driscoll BR, Suppl.3.A32,

Suppl.3.A71, Suppl.3.A72O'Driscoll LR, Suppl.3.A51O'Gara F, Suppl.3.A33Ogston S, 364O'Hickey S, 374Ohnuma N, 777Ohta K, 1036Okubadejo AA, 44Olinsky A, 590Oliver HF, Suppl.3.A62Oliver S, Suppl.3.A66Olver RE, 364, 1283 (L)Omran M, Suppl.3.A22O'Neil RA, 552O'Neill S, Suppl.3.A3Ormerod LP, 111 (E), 873 (L),

Suppl.3.A31Ormerod P, 1169 (L)O'Shea L, Suppl.3.A63Osma E, 397Osman LM, Suppl.3.A66,

Suppl.3.A71Osmond C, Suppl.3.A16Ottaway P, Suppl.3.A66Oxhoj H, 503Ozvaran K, 87

Paakko P, 887Pacilli A, 315Packe GE, Suppl.3.A32,

Suppl.3.A34Padley SPG, 1 (E)Page RD, Suppl 2.23Palfrey S, Suppl.3.A70Palomera-Frade J, 420Pan ST, 103PandeJN, 132Pandya HC, Suppl.3.A15Pang LH, Suppl.3.A38,

Suppl.3.A39Pantin CFA, 484Papakonstantinou E, 150Parameswaran K, Suppl.3.A46Pardo 0, Suppl.3.A6Parker RA, Suppl.3.A63Parmar M, 1262Parra 0, 1043ParryD, 1162Pastorino U, Suppl.3.A6Patel J, Suppl.3.A30Patel KR, Suppl.3.A68,

Suppl.3.A81Patel N, Suppl.3.A75Pathmakanthan S, 993Patterson J, 993Paul EA, Suppl.3.A9, Suppl.3.A19,

Suppl.3.A24, Suppl.3.A65Pav6n JM, 1130Pavord I, 799Peacock AJ, 864, 1048Peacock JL, 1109Peake MD, Suppl.3.A54,

Suppl.3.A65Pearce L, Suppl.3.A27Pearson M, Suppl.3.A26Pearson MG, 967 (L),

Suppl.3.A14, Suppl.3.A15,

Author index


Pedersen OF, 973Pedersen SS, 733Pepper C, 1074Pepper JR, 89Perez-Yarza E, Suppl 1.1Perks WH, Suppl.3.A69Peroni D, 575Perronne C, 204PerruchoudAP, 150,277, 1127Perry A, Suppl.3.A37Perry D, Suppl.3.A60Persson CGA, 441Persson L-O, 825Petersen S, Suppl.3.A4Petersen TD, 733Petitjean M, 705Pettersson T, 92Pfister R, 64Philippe C, 1065Phillips L, Suppl.3.A43,

Suppl.3.A45Piazza F, 1169 (L)Pickering CAC, 632, 965,

Suppl.3.A41, Suppl.3.A44Pickles H, Suppl.3.A57Pilgrim L, Suppl.3.A15Piragino C, 1000Pisati P, Suppl.3.A80Pitson DJ, Suppl.3.A76,

Suppl.3.A77Pitt A, Suppl.3.A67Pitt TL, Suppl.3.A49Pitz CCM, 846Plant PK, Suppl.3.A77Pnatin CFA, 1165Pohunek P, 615Pokorni H, 615Polkey MI, 510, 1239,


Pollanen R, 887Pollard AJ, 175Pollard RC, 175Pond MN, 29, 34Pooley FD, 327Porath A, 179Porter C, Suppl.3.A6Postle AD, 880 (E)Postma DS, 433, 684Postmus PE, 638Potter CS, Suppl.3.A64Pouilly N, 389Poulter LW, 993Pounsford JC, Suppl.3.A17Poustchi-Amin M, 1005Prescott RJ, 238, Suppl.3.A44Pressler T, 733Price JF, Suppl 1.13Pride NB, Suppl 2.1Prigmore SE, Suppl.3.A63Pringle M, Suppl.3.A26,

Suppl.3.A27Prior AJ, Suppl.3.A39ProbstR, 1127Provencher S, 1168 (L)Prowse K, 1165Pugno F, 359Puig de la Bellacasa J, 378, 771 (L)Pulford EC, Suppl.3.A17Purewal TS, Suppl.3.A75Purrington A, Suppl.3.A74

Qing F, 727Quaranta M, 359Quinlan G, Suppl.3.A35Quinlan GJ, Suppl.3.A53Qureshi S, 1134

Radermecker M, 1270Rafferty GF, Suppl.3.A21Raffestin B, 762Raffy 0, 967 (L)Rahman AN, 1160Rahman I, 348 (E), 465,

Suppl.3.A52, Suppl.3.A54Rahman SU, Suppl.3.A38Raiteri R, 446Ramafi G, Suppl.3.A58Ramage L, 689Ramenghi B, 424Ramirez J, 37Ramsay SG, 461 (E), 853Ranasinha C, 119Range SP, Suppl.3.A38,

Suppl.3.A59, Suppl.3.A60Ravelli A, 424Rawlinson J, 343Rayner CFJ, Suppl.3.A32,

Suppl.3.A63Rea HH, 1093Reading MS, 552

Author index

Redhead JBG, 959Reed JW, 699Rees J, Suppl.3.A20Rees PJ, Suppl.3.A66Regan M, Suppl.3.A33,

Suppl.3.A34Reger RB, 771 (L)Reid A, Suppl.3.A57Reid D, Suppl.3.A22Reid DW, Suppl.3.A2Reid KBM, 907Reid P, 689Reid PT, Suppl.3.A54Rennalls CT, Suppl.3.A63Renwick DS, 164, 520Reshef A, 272Rey A, 929Reynaert MS, 224Rezvani K, 960Rhodes CG, 727, Suppl.3.A38Riantawan P, 1277Richards D, 670Richardson MD, 256Ricketts IW, Suppl.3.A14,

Suppl.3.A29Rider PL, Suppl.3.A56Riordan JF, 963Ripart J, 705Riska H, 92Road J, 510Roberts AE, Suppl.3.A30Roberts CM, 831Roberts K, Suppl.3.A14Roberts P, Suppl.3.A33Roberts R, 590Robertson AS, Suppl.3.A41Robertson BD, Suppl.3.A32Robertson CF, 590Robertson R, Suppl.3.A66,

Suppl.3.A71Robinson DS, 664, 1158Robinson GJ, Suppl.3.A36Robinson VP, 1162Roca J, 841Rodenstein DO, 224Rodriguez de Castro F, 929,

1130Rodriguez-Roisin R, 37, 841,

1043Rogers DF, 217, 546Roizin H, 272, Suppl.3.A61Rolfe LM, Suppl.3.A32Rollason J, Suppl.3.A62Rolleston S, Suppl.3.A60Rom WN, 306Roman T, 354Rona RJ, 1134Ronchi MC, 1000Roomi J, Suppl.3.A 16Roorda RJ, Suppl 1.7Rose D, 539Rosenthal M, Suppl.3.A18,

Suppl.3.A47Rosi E, 1000Ross S, Suppl.3.A22Rossi A, Suppl.3.A54Ross-Russell R, Suppl.3.A60Roth M, 150Rotondetto S, Suppl.3.A52Roue C, 967 (L)Rouetbi N, 554Rowe G, Suppl.3.A61Rowlands DC, 526Roy S, 204Rubilar M, 78Rudd RM, 137, 210, 963Rudkin ST, Suppl.3.A16,

Suppl.3.A25, Suppl.3.A62Rudolf M, Suppl.3.A26,

Suppl.3.A29, Suppl.3.A57Ruiz-Gonzalez A, 967 (L)Rumbak M, 253Rumley A, Suppl.3.A59Rusca M, 1169 (L)Russell G, Suppl.3.A22Russell KJ, Suppl.3.A5 1,

Suppl.3.A58Rusznak C, 1105, Suppl.3.A39,

Suppl.3.A40, Suppl.3.A51Ryan PJ, 302, 444Ryden A, 825Ryland I, Suppl.3.A28,

Suppl.3.A57

Sabroe I, Suppl.3.A54Sagai M, Suppl.3.A54Sagy M, 1005Saikku P, 185Samways JM, Suppl.3.A46Sanderson R, Suppl.3.A74Sandhu PS, Suppl.3.A43Sanna A, 267SAPALDIA team, 277Sapsford RJ, Suppl.3.A3,


1289

Suppl.3.A51, Suppl.3.A54Sarna S, 288Sato T, 650Saunders KB, 1083Saunders MI, 1262Saunders MJ, 126Saunders N, Suppl.3.A33Scadding JG, 448Scallan M, Suppl.3.A6Scano G, 677, 1000Scarlett JF, 1109Schaberg T, 1017Schafer D, 919Schepers-Bok R, 23Schey SA, Suppl.3.A47Schindler Ch, 277Schlaeffer F, 179Schlosser MAG, 39Schmekel B, 993Schmitz-Schumann M, 64Schofield L, Suppl.3.A34Scholey S, Suppl.3.A65Schols AMWJ, 819Schousboe M, 1010Schwartzman K, 354Sciandra M, 446Scott DM, 793Scott J, Suppl.3.A37Scott PH, 864Scott SF, 119Seaton A, 389, Suppl.3.AlSeemungal T, Suppl.3.A19,

Suppl.3.A65Seemungal TR, Suppl.3.A10Seidman CE, Suppl.3.A37Seidman JG, Suppl.3.A37Selroos 0, 229 (E)Sepsas E, 1266Series F, 851Sethi SK, Suppl.3.A2Severo LC, 1168 (L)Shadick NA, 787Shah PL, 119Shakur BH, Suppl.3.A37,

Suppl.3.A40Shale DJ, 126, Suppl.3.A58,

Suppl.3.A59, Suppl.3.A80Sharara AM, Suppl.3.A80Shattock MJ, Suppl.3.A69Shaw RJ, 320, 1253, Suppl.3.Al 1,


SheardJDH, 721Shee CD, 1158Sheehan S, Suppl.3.A33Shepherd DRT, Suppl.3.A64Sherwood RA, Suppl.3.A26Shevlin P, 894Shevlin PM, Suppl.3.A54Shieh W-B, 221Shiels P, 619, Suppl.3.A21ShigaJ, 1036Shikowitz M, 1005Shimazu S, Suppl.3.AIShimizu T, 284Shindo K, 155Shiner RJ, 272, Suppl.3.A61,

Suppl.3.A65Shirakawa T, Suppl.3.AlShirato K, 199Shneerson JM, 756, 914,

Suppl.3.A10, Suppl.3.Al 1,Suppl.3.A79

Shoji S, 1199Shortt C, Suppl.3.A49Shovlin CL, Suppl.3.A37Shulimzon T, Suppl.3.A61Shurvinton J, Suppl.3.A69Sibille Y, 452Siebers R, Suppl.3.A42,

Suppl.3.A72Siersted HC, 503Silkstone V, 658 (L)Silver P, 1005Simmons J, Suppl.3.A73Simmul R, 159Simonds AK, 1069 (E)Simpson AJ, Suppl.3.A31Simpson JCG, Suppl.3.A13Sing TMYS, 341Singh M, 364Singh SJ, Suppl.3.A25Singh SPN, 132Sinicco A, 446Sinnamon DG, 293Siriruttanapruk S, Suppl.3.A40,

Suppl.3.A41Sist M, 793Sivasothy P, Suppl.3.A1OSkinner C, 111 (E), Suppl.3.A9Skwarska E, Suppl.3.A20Skwarski K, Suppl.3.A20Slade M, 556Sleiman C, 967 (L)Slight J, 389

Smit EF, 638Smith A, Suppl.3.A41, Suppl.3.A42Smith B, Suppl.3.A26, Suppl.3.A44Smith CAD, Suppl.3.A52Smith DL, 374Smith DM, Suppl.3.A5,

Suppl.3.A76Smith EC, Suppl.3.A17Smith EG, 374Smith IE, 914, Suppl.3.AlO,

Suppl.3.AI 1, Suppl.3.A79Smith JA, Suppl.3.A13Smith RP, 689, Suppl.3.A16,

Suppl.3.A25Smith SF, 1057Smith SJ, 23Smith SN, Suppl.3.A6,

Suppl.3.A60Smyth ET, 293Snooks H, Suppl.3.A29Snow RE, 458 (E)Soderblom T, 92Sodeyama T, 312Sohi DK, Suppl.3.A3Soini Y, 887Sole A, 94Sol&-Violan J, 929Soler P, 611Solforosi L, 315Solli P, 1169 (L)Sont JK, 496Sorensen J, 1028Sorgi F, Suppl.3.A5, Suppl.3.A6Soria I, Suppl.3.A74Souhami RL, 231 (E)Soumah S, 385Souquet PJ, Suppl.3.A55Sousa AR, 64Soutar A, Suppl.3.A1Sow 0, 385Spaethe SM, 1178Spaggiari L, 1169 (L)Spagnolatti L, 424Spanevello A, Suppl.3.A80Sparrow D, 787Spencer DA, Suppl.3.A49Spicer WJ, 369Spina D, 335Spiteri MA, Suppl.3.A2,

Suppl.3.A12, Suppl.3.A52Splinter TAW, 638Sprikkelman AB, 317Spurzem JR, 956Sreenan S, 993Srichana T, Suppl.3.A74Sriram S, Suppl.3.A71Staal-van den Brekel AJ, 819Stableforth D, Suppl.3.A47,

Suppl.3.A48, Suppl.3.A50Stableforth DE, 302, 374, 652,

Suppl.3.A24, Suppl.3.A36Stableforth P, 444Stack BHR, Suppl.3.A59Stack M, Suppl.3.A49Stampone P, Suppl.3.A73Stanbridge RDeL, 963Stanescu D, 267, 1283 (L)Stanford JL, 932Stead ML, Suppl.3.A54Steele A, 624Steele E, Suppl.3.A7Stell I, Suppl.3.A21Stell IM, Suppl.3.A20Stenius-Aarniala BSM, 411Stenmark KR, Suppl.3.A35Stenton SC, 169, Suppl.3.A2,

Suppl.3.A43Sterk PJ, 496Stern M, Suppl.3.A6Stevens J, Suppl.3.A41Stevens S, Suppl.3.A7Stevenson C, 1087Stevenson FK, 458 (E)Stewart JP, 1160Stobart M, Suppl.3.A5Stockley RA, Suppl.3.A69,

Suppl.3.A81, Suppl.3.A82Stocks J, Suppl.3.A1 5Stout R, 345 (E), Suppl.3.A55Strachan A, Suppl.3.A48Strachan D, 670Strachan DP, 944, 1109Stradling JR, Suppl 2.65,


Strauss S, 82Strieter RM, Suppl.3.A52Striz I, 615Struthers AD, Suppl.3.A36Struthers JK, Suppl.3.A13Subhannachart P, 1277Suga M, 650Sullivan M, 825Sumitomo M, 155

Summers QA, 985Sunyer J, 743Suzuki N, 1036Swann L, Suppl.3.A9Swift GL, 871Swindells JP, Suppl.3.A45Swystun VA, 1051Syed Q, 624, Suppl.3.A9,

Suppl.3.A33, Suppl.3.A34Sykes KM, Suppl.3.A64Sykes L, Suppl.3.A49Symon FA, 1155Syrjala H, 185

Tagesson C, 1028Taggart SCO, Suppl.3.A42Tahaoglu K, 87Takahashi M, 769Takeda T, 810Takizawa H, 1036Tam CM, Suppl.3.A9Tan KS, Suppl.3.A37Tanaka S, 810Tandon RK, 132Tansupasawasdikul S, 1277Tattersfield A, 799Tattersfield AE, 13, 989,


Taylor CJ, 1229Taylor GW, Suppl.3.A58Taylor IK, Suppl.3.A46Taylor PM, Suppl.3.A13,

Suppl.3.A1 7Tazi A, 611Tchou-Wong K-M, 306Tee RD, Suppl.3.AlTee SK, Suppl.3.A74ten Kate LP, 298Teramo KA, 411TetleyTD, 1273Theron AJ, Suppl.3.A58Thio BJ, 207Thomas A, Suppl.3.A47,

Suppl.3.A48Thomas DJ, 108Thomas GE, Suppl.3.A14Thomas SR, Suppl.3.A49Thompson CS, Suppl.3.A5Thomson L, Suppl.3.A81Thomson LJ, 853Thomson NC, 71, 461 (E), 853,

Suppl.3.A81Thoracic Group of the Yorkshire

Cancer Organisation, 894Thornell S, Suppl.3.A46Thrall RS, 1137Tijmstra T, 298Tikkanen HO, 628Tocque K, 624, Suppl.3.A9,

Suppl.3.A33, Suppl.3.A34Tohda Y, 769Tokuyama K, 284Tolstuchow N, 106Tomaki M, 199Tor M, 87Torres A, 378, 771 (L)Torres-Melero J, 339Touw DJ, 1283 (L)Town GI, 1010Townsend ER, 1266Tozzi D, 1077Trask C, 564Treurniet FEE, 23Tsai Y-H, 221Tse KS, 1280Tsukino M, 48Tuchais E, 106Tunnicliffe W, 403, Suppl.3.A14,

Suppl.3.A61Tunnicliffe WS, Suppl.3.A2,


Turker H, 87Turner A, Suppl.3.A23Turton P, Suppl.3.A62Twort CHC, Suppl.3.A15

Uqan ES, 397Ueda T, 1036Ueshima H, 769Ulrik CS, 110 (L)Upton M, Suppl.3.A23Urrutia I, 867Usehwokunze S, Suppl.3.A33

Vahakangas K, 887van Aalderen WMC, 317van Alstyne EL, 1178Van Bever HP, Suppl.3.A73Van de Weyer R, 472van den Bos J-W, 582van den Bosch JMM, 846van der Grinten CPM, 1192

1290

van der Heyden AHM, 449van der Mark ThW, 433van der Mark TW, 684Van der Palen J, 454 (L)Van Embden JDA, Suppl.3.A33van Essel T, 582Van Gansbeke D, 694Van Herwaarden CLA, 454 (L)van Keeken BL, 207van Krieken JHJM, 496Van Muylem A, 694van Rossum AB, 23van Velzen E, 582Vandenburgt J, Suppl.3.A73Vandenplas 0, 452, 472Vassallo G, 359Vathenen SV, 323Veale D, 767Vedel AM, 973Venables K, Suppl.3.A41Venables KM, Suppl.3.AlVenning MC, Suppl.3.A68Vera F, 94Verheij JBGM, 298Veriter C, 267Veriter CL, 1283 (L)Vermeire PA, Suppl.3.A73Vernon DRH, 654Verrier ED, 193Vickery PJM, Suppl.3.A62Vilaseca I, 1043Villa I, 424Villar T, Suppl.3.A16Visconti A, 694von Mutius E, Suppl 1.3

Wagenaar JPM, 449Wagenaar RC, 601Wagner M, 919Wainwright B, Suppl.3.A60Waldron J, Suppl.3.A62Waldron M, Suppl.3.A62Wales D, Suppl.3.A71,

Suppl.3.A72Wales J, 111 (E)Walker QJ, 1275Wallace W, Suppl.3.A54Waller H, Suppl.3.A61Waller RE, 1174 (E)Wallis D, Suppl.3.AlWalls A, 64, 575Walmsley JM, Suppl.3.A55Walsh U, Suppl.3.A26,

Suppl.3.A27Walshaw MJ, 248,

Suppl.3.A29Walters EH, 1100Walters J, 1100Wang H-C, 1060

Wang J-Y, 907Wang JH, Suppl.3.A40Wang M, 799Wangoo A, 1253, Suppl.3.Al 1,

Suppl.3.A34Warburton CJ, 965,


Ward EM, Suppl.3.AIOWard JPT, Suppl.3.A 15Ward R, 169Ward S, 202Wardlaw AJ, 1155Wareham N, Suppl.3.A29Warley ARH, Suppl.3.A5Warner F, Suppl.3.A44Warner FC, Suppl.3.A14,

Suppl.3.A29Warner JO, 880 (E)Warren DA, Suppl.3.A75Warwick M, Suppl.3.A79Watson A, 29, 34Watson JM, Suppl.3.A8,

Suppl.3.A9Watson JP, Suppl.3.Al 1,

Suppl.3.A27Watson L, 534, Suppl.3.A43,

Suppl.3.A45Watt B, 78, Suppl.3.A8,

Suppl.3.A9, Suppl.3.A31Watt G, Suppl.3.A23Watts T, Suppl.3.A69Webb AK, 1233, Suppl.3.A49Webb JK, 534Webb K, 873 (L), Suppl.3.A50,

Suppl.3.A60Weber T, 1270Wedzicha JA, 44, 137, 455 (E),

831, 1068 (L), Suppl 2.35,Suppl.3.A1O, Suppl.3.A19,Suppl.3.A24, Suppl.3.A65

Wei M-C, 661Weill H, 97, Suppl 2.9Weir DC, Suppl.3.A28,

Suppl.3.A70, Suppl.3.A75Weir R, 1010Weiss P, Suppl.3.A61Weiss ST, 787, 1168 (L)Welch J, Suppl.3.AlWeller PH, Suppl.3.A49Wells A, Suppl.3.A7Wells FC, 903Wells T, Suppl.3.A74Wendon J, 1168 (L)West JV, 590Westerbeek R, Suppl.3.A60Westermann CJJ, 846Wheatley A, Suppl.3.A1 5White AJ, Suppl.3.A68

White E, Suppl.3.A14White JES, 767White M, Suppl.3.A62White RJ, 871, Suppl.3.A16,

Suppl.3.A25Whitehead F, 1100Whitehouse D, Suppl.3.A60Whittle AT, Suppl.3.A4,

Suppl.3.A78Whyte M, Suppl.3.A9Wickremasinghe M, 962Wijkstra PJ, 117 (E)Wildhaber JH, 985Wildhagen MF, 298Wilding PJ, 989Wiles CM, Suppl 2.40Wilkins EGL, 932Wilkinson IB, 1279Wilkinson J, 3 (E)Willems LNA, 496Williams AA, 630Williams AJ, Suppl.3.A20Williams CSD, 624Williams EA, 114 (E)Williams ED, Suppl.3.A46Williams J, Suppl.3.A25Williams JG, Suppl.3.A43Williams R, 1168 (L), Suppl.3.A8,

Suppl.3.A9Williams TJ, 369, Suppl.3.A54Williamson JD, Suppl.3.A3Wilsher M, Suppl.3.A7Wilsher ML, 197, 1123Wilson AM, Suppl.3.A72Wilson GE, 248, 550Wilson R, Suppl.3.A58Wilson RSE, 652Wilson SJ, Suppl.3.A17Wiltshire N, Suppl.3.A4,

Suppl.3.A77, Suppl.3.A79Winer-Muram H, 253Winter JH, 689Wise R, Suppl.3.A14,

Suppl.3.A67Wisniewski A, 799Withers NJ, Suppl.3.A22Wong CA, 534, Suppl.3.A26,

Suppl.3.A27Wong KP, 341Wood AJ, Suppl.3.A51Wood CN, Suppl.3.A26,

Suppl.3.A45Wood PJ, 369Woodcock A, Suppl.3.A41,

Suppl.3.A42Woodcock AA, 873 (L), 1160,

Suppl.3.A23Woodhead M, 970 (E), 1017,


Author index

Suppl.3.A34Woodhead MA, Suppl.3.A13Wouters EFM, 39, 819Wragg S, 510Wragg SD, 1239Wright CL, 451Wright SC, 293Wrightson N, 1068 (L),

Suppl.3.A23Wynford-Thomas D, 1074Wysocki A, 306

Xaubet A, 841

Yacoub M, Suppl.3.A36Yacoub MH, 1162Yamaguchi E, 777Yamaguchi S, 312, 739Yamasaki H, 650Yamauchi H, 199Yan KY, 805Yang P-C, 869Yap PL, Suppl.3.A78Yates DH, 793Yates VM, Suppl.3.A31Yeh T-F, 907Yernault J-C, 694Yohannes A, Suppl.3.A16Yonan N, 1160, Suppl.3.A23Yorkshire Thoracic Group,

Suppl.3.A54Yoshida K, 650YoshikawaJ, 810, 1199Young DB, 320, Suppl.3.A32,

Suppl.3.A33, Suppl.3.A34Young N, 341Yu T-J, 221Yuksel B, 815Yuksel C, 397Yung B, Suppl.3.A47, Suppl.3.A48,


Zach MS, 750Zalavra K, Suppl.3.AlZaman F, Suppl.3.A60Zamprogna C, 446Zanen P, 977Zaretzky U, Suppl.3.A65Zeebregts CJAM, 449Zeng XM, Suppl.3.A74Zhang Y, 306Zimmerman PV, 1275Zizhou S, Suppl.3.A33Zoia MC, 424

VOLUME 5 1 * SUBJECT INDEX

Abdominal muscle strength, Abdominal muscle strengthmeasured by gastric pressure during maximal cough,Suppl.3.A45

Abdominal muscles, Effect ofmaximum ventilation on abdom-inal muscle relaxation rate, 510

Accident and emergency department, Characteristics ofthose asthmatics who repeatedly self-refer to the accident andemergency department, Suppl.3.A29

Accuhaler, Bricanyl Turbohaler, Serevent Accuhaler andForadil aerolizer comparative drug delivery, Suppl.3.A73

Accuracy of certification, Accuracy of recording of deathsfrom asthma in the UK: the false negative rate, 924

ACE gene polymorphism, Deletion polymorphism in theangiotensin I converting enzyme gene as a genetic risk factorfor sarcoidosis, 777

Acetylcysteine, Evaluation of nebulised acetylcysteine and nor-mal saline in the treatment of sputum retention following tho-racotomy, 429

Acoustic myography, Effects of lung volume and fatigue onevoked diaphragmatic phonomyogram in normal subjects, 705

Acramin, Epidemic outbreak of interstitial lung disease in aero-graphics textile workers - the "Ardystil syndrome": a first yearfollow up, 94

ActinomycosisCommentary: yet more to see down the bronchial tree?, 226Pulmonary actinomycosis appearing as a "ball-in-hole" on

chest radiography and bronchoscopy, 221: commentary, 226:letter, 1168

Transphrenic dissemination of actinomycosis, 449Activity monitors, Are activity monitors sensitive enough to

detect speeds prescribed to patients with COPD?Suppl.3.A25

Acute respiratory distress syndrome, Epithelial cells are asource for macrophage migration inhibitory factor - potentialrole in acute respiratory distress syndrome, Suppl.3.A54

Adenoid cystic carcinoma, Adenoid cystic carcinoma of theleft main bronchus mimicking MacLeod's syndrome, 451

Adenosine, Effect of adenosine infusion on oxygen induced car-bon dioxide retention in severe chronic obstructive pulmonarydisease, 1083

Adenosine monophosphate, Respiratory sensation duringbronchial challenge testing with methacholine, sodiummetabisulphite, and adenosine monophosphate, 793

Adenosine 5'-monophosphate, Comparison of three inhalednon-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on the airway responseto sodium metabisulphite and adenosine 5'-monophosphatechallenge in asthma, 799

Adherence, Health perceptions and treatment adherence inadults with cystic fibrosis, 1233

AdolescenceInterrelationships between diagnosed asthma, asthma-like

symptoms, and abnormal airway behaviour in adolescence:the Odense Schoolchild Study, 503

Issues in adolescent asthma: what are the needs? Suppl.1.13Issues in adolescent asthma, Symposium of the EuropeanCongress of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Madrid,June 1995, Suppl.1.1-17; introduction, Suppl.1.1

Prognostic factors for the outcome of childhood asthma inadolescence, Suppl.1.7

Progression of allergy and asthma through childhood to ado-lescence, Suppl.1.3

Study of the aetiology of wheezing illness at age 16 in twonational British birth cohorts, 670

Adrenal suppressionAdrenal suppression with inhaled budesonide and fluticasone

propionate given by large volume spacer to asthmatic chil-dren, 941

Comparative adrenal suppression with inhaled budesonide andfluticasone propionate in adult asthmatic patients, 262

Adrenomedullin, Potentiation of the bronchoprotective effectsof vasoactive intestinal peptide, isoprenaline, and theophyllineagainst histamine challenge in anaesthetised guinea pigs byadrenomedullin, 1199

Adult respiratory distress syndrome, Peritoneal ventilationin rabbits: augmentation of gas exchange with cisapride, 82

Aerolizer, Bricanyl Turbohaler, Serevent Accuhaler and Foradilaerolizer comparative drug delivery, Suppl.3.A73

Aerosol therapy, Effect of electrostatic charge, flow, delay andmultiple actuations on the in vitro delivery of salbutamol fromdifferent small volume spacers for infants, 985

AerosolsIn vitro assessment of drug delivery through an endotracheal

tube using a dry powder inhaler delivery system, 75Optimal particle size for P2 agonist and anticholinergic

aerosols in patients with severe airflow obstruction, 977Africa, Community acquired pneumonia in adults: a study com-

paring clinical features and outcome in Africa (Republic ofGuinea) and Europe (France), 385

Afro-Caribbean origin patients, Chlamrydia pneumoniae anti-body titres are significantly associated with Afro-Caribbeanand Asian origin, Suppl.3.A67

AgeAge and the treatment of lung cancer, 564Impact of obstructive airways disease on quality of life in older

adults, 520Management of lung cancer: editorial, 557Tuberculin testing in two Liverpool social clubs: the effects of

a tuberculosis outbreak on background positivity, 624AIDS

Alveolar lymphocytes and macrophages are an importantsource of HIV-1 in patients with AIDS, Suppl.3.A3

Genotypic variants of HIV-1 from peripheral blood and lung ofAIDS patients, Suppl.3.A3

Interactions between opportunistic micro-organisms and HIVin the lung: editorial, 875

Pulmonary diseases and HIV infection: letter, 228Air poliutants, Airway response of asthmatic subjects to inhaled

allergen after exposure to pollutants, 1105Air pollutionAcute effects of summer air pollution on respiratory function

in primary school children in southern England, 1109Air pollution: brown skies research: Altounyan address, 13Asthma, airways responsiveness and air pollution in two con-

trasting districts of northern England, 169Free radical activity and pro-inflammatory effects of particu-

late air pollution (PM,o) in vivo and in vitro, 1216Particulate air pollution, Suppl.2.3Pro-inflammatory effect of particulate air pollution (PM,o) in

vivo and in vitro, Suppl.3.A53Suspended particulate matter and health: new light on an old

problem: editorial, 1174Air quality, Suspended particulate matter and health: new lighton an old problem: editorial, 1174

Air travel, Assessment of oxygen supplementation during airtravel, 202

Airflow obstruction, Optimal particle size for P2 agonist and anti-cholinergic aerosols in patients with severe airflow obstruction, 977

Airspace permeability, Mechanisms of cigarette smokeinduced increased airspace permeability, 465

Airway inflammationAirways inflammation in chronic non-productive cough,

Suppl.3.A64Role of sputum differential cell count in detecting airway

inflammation in patients with chronic bronchial asthma orCOPD, 1000

Airway inflammatory cells, Effect of natural allergen exposureduring the grass pollen season on airways inflammatory cellsand asthma symptoms, 575

Airway obstructionCompliance with oral corticosteroids during steroid trials in

chronic airways obstruction, 323Functional upper airways obstruction: two patients with per-

sistent symptoms, 965Prevalence and treatment of chronic airways obstruction in

adults over the age of 45, 164Spiral computed tomographic scanning of the chest with three

dimensional imaging in the diagnosis and management ofpaediatric intrathoracic airway obstruction, 1005

Airway reactivity, Airway response of asthmatic subjects toinhaled allergen after exposure to pollutants, 1105

1291Thoraxc 1996;51:1291-1320

1292

Airway receptor barrier, Asthma: is there an airway receptor

barrier? editorial, 773Airway resistance, Evaluation of nocturnal bronchoconstric-

tion by all night tracheal sound monitoring, 694Airway responsivenessAsthma, airways responsiveness and air pollution in two con-

trasting districts of northern England, 169Atopy, airway responsiveness, and genes, Suppl.2.55Effect of allergen challenge on airway responsiveness to his-

tamine and sodium metabisulphite in mild asthma, 1185Effect of influenza vaccination on airway responsiveness in

patients with stable asthma, Suppl.3.A2Airway sensory nerves, Airway sensory nerves: a burning issue

in asthma? 335Airway smooth muscle, Phosphodiesterase inhibitors: Lily the

Pink's medicinal compound for asthma? 647Airway tone, Humoral control of airway tone: editorial, 461Allergen avoidance, Effect of allergen avoidance at high alti-

tude on direct and indirect bronchial hyperresponsivenessand markers of inflammation in children with allergic asthma,582

Allergen challengeEffect of allergen challenge on airway responsiveness to his-

tamine and sodium metabisulphite in mild asthma, 1185Regional ventilation and perfusion lung scan abnormalities in

atopic asthmatics following allergen challenge: comparisonwith airway function and gas exchange, Suppl.3.A46

Allergen exposure, Effect of natural allergen exposure duringthe grass pollen season on airways inflammatory cells andasthma symptoms, 575

Allergens, Occupational asthma in a coal miner, 867Allergic inflammation, Candidate gene loci in asthmatic and

allergic inflammation: editorial, 3Allergy, Progression of allergy and asthma through childhood to

adolescence, Suppl.1.3oxi-antichymotrypsin, Identification of a novel conformation of

oti-antichymotrypsin: an explanation for the inactive speciesfound in lung lavage from patients with chronic bronchitis andemphysema, Suppl.3.A51

oxi-antitrypsin,oxi-antitrypsin mutations and the severity of cystic fibrosis lung

disease, Suppl.3.A60Human aoi-antitrypsin gene transfer with cationic liposomes in

vitro and in vivo, Suppl.3.A6Inhibitory conformation of the reactive loop of coi-antitrypsin,

Suppl.3.A50ao-antitrypsin deficiency

Bronchiectasis and homozygous (PiZZ) act-antitrypsin defi-ciency: letter, 228

Out-patient management of oxl antitrypsin deficiency: currentpractice in the West Midlands 1996, Suppl.3.A69

Altitude, Effect of altitude on spirometric parameters and theperformance of peak flow meters, 175

Alveolar epithelial cells, Transcriptional induction of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase by oxidants is associated with AP-1 in human alveolar epithelial cells, Suppl.3.A52

Alveolar haemorrhage syndrome, Acute severe alveolarhaemorrhage syndrome: a single centre experience,Suppl.3.A68

Alveolar lymphocytes and macrophages, Alveolar lympho-cytes and macrophages are an important source of HIV-1 inpatients with AIDS, Suppl.3.A3

Alveolar macrophagesEffect of exposure to silica on human alveolar macrophages in

supporting growth activity in type II epithelial cells, 781Interleukin 10 (IL-10) regulation of tumour necrosis factor

alpha (TNF-ox) from human alveolar macrophages andperipheral blood monocytes, 143

Manganese superoxide dismutase mRNA expression isdecreased in LPS-stimulated alveolar macrophages fromcigarette smokers, Suppl.3.A52

Matrixmetalloproteinases expression by alveolar macrophagesin emphysema, Suppl.3.A51

AlveolitisBronchoalveolar lavage fluid findings in patients with chronic

hepatitis C virus infection, 312Computed tomography-guided bronchoalveolar lavage in idio-

pathic pulmonary fibrosis, 841Ambulatory oxygen, Comparison of the efficacy of a demandoxygen delivery system with continuous low flow oxygen insubjects with stable COPD and severe oxygen desaturation on

walking, 831

Subject index

Amiloride, Modification of nasal membrane potential differ-ence with inhaled amiloride and loperamide in the cystic fibro-sis mouse, 1229

Aminoglycosides, Minimisation of aminoglycoside toxicity inpatients with cystic fibrosis, 369

Amplicor, Comparison of polymerase chain reaction for IS6110and Amplicor in the diagnosis of tuberculosis, 320

Angiography, Bronchoscopic and angiographic findings in tra-cheobronchial endometriosis, 1060: commentary, 1064

Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, Angiotensinconverting enzyme inhibitor-induced cough and substance P,199

Angiotensin I converting enzyme, Deletion polymorphism inthe angiotensin I converting enzyme gene as a genetic risk fac-tor for sarcoidosis, 777

Angiotensin II, Angiotensin II causes proliferation of rat pul-monary microvascular smooth muscle cells, Suppl.3.A35

Annual Report, October 1995 to September 1996, 1177Anterior spinal surgery, Pulmonary function before and after

anterior spinal surgery in adult idiopathic scoliosis, 534Anti-asialo GM1 antibody, Pseudomonas aeruginosa adherence

to cystic fibrosis respiratory epithelium is reduced by anti-asialoGMI antibody and neuraminidase inhibition, Suppl.3.A57

Anti-CEA inmunoscintigraphy, Anti-CEA immunoscinti-graphy and computed tomographic scanning in the preopera-tive evaluation of mediastinal lymph nodes in lung cancer, 359

Antibiotic resistanceAntibiotic resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: one hospital's

experience, Suppl.3.A13Antibiotic resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae, Suppl.2.45

AntibioticsAcute lower respiratory tract illness in general practice: a

study of the views of 787 patients and their influence onantibiotic prescribing, Suppl.3.A13

Effect of intravenous antibiotic therapy on markers of oxidativestress in cystic fibrosis, Suppl.3.A59

Inflammatory markers and clinical response to intravenousantibiotics in adults with cystic fibrosis colonised withBurkholderia cepacia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Suppl.3.A49

Influence of antibiotics and other factors on reconsultation foracute lower respiratory tract illness in primary care,Suppl.3.A13

Anticholinergic aerosol, Optimal particle size for P2 agonistand anticholinergic aerosols in patients with severe airflowobstruction, 977

Anticholinergic agents, The effect of inhaled beta agonistsand anticholinergic agents upon heart rate variability,Suppl.3.A60

Antioxidant responsive element, Transcriptional induction ofgamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase by oxidants is associatedwith AP-1 in human alveolar epithelial cells, Suppl.3.A52

Antioxidant status, Antioxidant status in children with differ-ent respiratory symptoms, Suppl.3.A15

Antioxidants, Antioxidants and bronchial reactivity,Suppl.3.A1

Antistatic treatment, Effect of multiple actuations, delayedinhalation and antistatic treatment on the lung bioavailabilityof salbutamol via a spacer device, 981

Antituberculosis drugsHepatotoxicity of antituberculosis drugs: editorial, 111: letters,

873, 1168Risk factors for hepatotoxicity from antituberculosis drugs: a

case-control study, 132Antituberculous resistance, Understanding the different

inflammatory responses to live and dead BCG: a prerequisitefor improved vaccine design, Suppl.3.A34

Arachidonic acid, Cultured human airway smooth muscle cellsrelease PGE2 in response to bradykinin, growth factors andarachidonic acid, Suppl.3.A38

Ardystil syndrome, Epidemic outbreak of interstitial lung dis-ease in aerographics textile workers - the "Ardystil syndrome":a first year follow up, 94

Arginine, Effect of L-arginine on renal blood flow in normalsubjects and patients with hypoxic chronic obstructive pul-monary disease, 516

Arterial puncture, Local anaesthetic infiltration prior to arterialpuncture: survey of current practice and a randomised doubleblind placebo controlled trial, Suppl.3.A67

Arterial saturation, Dips in overnight arterial saturation dur-ing NIPPV: relationships with sleep stages and ventilators,Suppl.3.A11

Subject index

AsbestosAsbestos exposure, asbestosis, and asbestos-attributable lung

cancer, Suppl.1.9New developments in asbestos-related pleural disease, 210Two dimensional protein patterns of bronchoalveolar lavage

fluid from non-smokers, smokers, and subjects exposed toasbestos, 1028

Ascites, Pleural fluid accumulation due to intra-abdominalendometriosis: a case report and review of the literature, 1062:commentary, 1064

Asian origin patients, Chlamydia pneumoniae antibody titresare significantly associated with Afro-Caribbean and Asian ori-gin, Suppl.3.A67

Asian patientsDifferences in asthma management between white European

and Indian subcontinent groups, Suppl.3.A30Do white European and Indian-subcontinent asthmatics differ

in their quality of life? Suppl.3.A30Predicted lung function for Asians, Suppl.3.A44Study of cultural issues relating to asthma and its managementamong Asian patients, Suppl.3.A30

Aspergillomas, Topical treatment of life threateninghaemoptysis from aspergillomas, 253

AspergillosisAspergillosis in immunocompromised paediatric patients:

associations with building hygiene, design, and indoor air, 256Aspergillus laryngotracheobronchitis presenting as stridor in a

patient with peripheral T cell lymphoma, 869Aspergillus fumigatusBinding of AspergiUus fumigatus spores to lung epithelial cells

and basement membrane proteins: relevance to the asth-matic lung, 1203

Inhibition of the alveolar macrophage oxidative burst by a dif-fusible component from the surface of the spores of the fun-gus AspergiUusfumigatus, 389

Aspirin-sensitive asthma, Effect of endobronchial aspirinchallenge on inflammatory cells in bronchial biopsy samplesfrom aspirin-sensitive asthmatic subjects, 64

AsthmaAccessibility and health service utilisation for asthma in

Norfolk, England, Suppl.3.A29Accuracy of recording of deaths from asthma in the UK: the

false negative rate, 924Actual/best function as a predictor in the long term outcome of

asthma, Suppl.3.A44Acute asthma during pregnancy, 411Adrenal suppression with inhaled budesonide and fluticasone


Airway response of asthmatic subjects to inhaled allergen afterexposure to pollutants, 1105

Airway sensory nerves: a burning issue in asthma? 335Analysis of attitudes of adult patients towards asthma manage-

ment, Suppl.3.A28Analysis of the data produced by the Asthma Chronic Disease

Management Programme and the Prescribing Analysis andCost data in Suffolk, Suppl.3.A27

Assessing the quality of life of asthma in family practice,Suppl.3.A63

Assessment of food chemical intolerance in adult asthmaticsubjects, 805

Asthma: is there an airway receptor barrier? editorial, 773Asthma, airways responsiveness and air pollution in two con-

trasting districts of northern England, 169Asthma, its treatment and social deprivation - the effect on

growth in children, Suppl.3.A14Asthma and other pulmonary diseases in former elite athletes,

288Beta2-adrenoceptor polymorphism determines susceptibility

to bronchodilator desensitisation in asthmatics,Suppl.3.A37

Beta2-adrenoceptor regulation and function in female asthmat-ics receiving the oral combined contraceptive pill,Suppl.3.A37

Binding of Aspergillus fumigatus spores to lung epithelial cellsand basement membrane proteins: relevance to the asth-matic lung, 1203

Bronchiolitis and asthma in infancy and early childhood,Suppl.2.60

Candidate gene loci in asthmatic and allergic inflammation:editorial, 3

Causes of thunderstorm-related asthma, Suppl.3.Al

1293

Cell counts in spontaneous sputum during exacerbations ofasthma and COPD, Suppl.3.A80

Characteristics of those asthmatics who repeatedly self-refer tothe accident and emergency department, Suppl.3.A29


Compalison of the effect of non-chlorofluorocarbon-contain-ing salbutamol and conventional chlorofluorocarbon salbu-tamol in asthmatic children, Suppl.3.A73

Comparison of short courses of oral prednisolone and flutica-sone propionate in the treatment of adults with acute exac-erbations of asthma in primary care, 1087

Comparison of soybean epidemic asthma and occupationalasthma, 743

Comparison of three inhaled non-steroidal anti-inflammato-ry drugs on the airway response to sodium metabisulphiteand adenosine 5'-monophosphate challenge in asthma,799

Current management of asthma in primary and secondaryschools in Wolverhampton, Suppl.3.A30

Death from airways obstruction: accuracy of certification inNorthern Ireland, 293

Descriptive study of cough, wheeze and school absence inchildhood, 630

Development of OASYS-2: a system for the analysis of serialmeasurement of peak expiratory flow in workers with sus-pected occupational asthma, 484

Diagnosis of occupational asthma from serial measurements oflung function at and away from work, 857

Differences in asthma management between white Europeanand Indian subcontinent groups, Suppl.3.A30

Do home nebulisers prevent readmission for asthma,Suppl.3.A28

Do white European and Indian-subcontinent asthmatics differin their quality of life? Suppl.3.A30

Double blind placebo controlled food challenge in type 1 andtype 2 brittle asthma, Suppl.3.A2

Effect of acute hyperoxia on the bronchodilator response tosalbutamol in stable asthmatic patients, 853

Effect of allergen avoidance at high altitude on direct and indi-rect bronchial hyperresponsiveness and markers of inflam-mation in children with allergic asthma, 582

Effect of allergen challenge on airway responsiveness to his-tamine and sodium metabisulphite in mild asthma, 1185

Effect of endobronchial aspirin challenge on inflammatorycells in bronchial biopsy samples from aspirin-sensitive asth-matic subjects, 64

Effect of influenza vaccination on airway responsiveness inpatients with stable asthma, Suppl.3.A2

Effect of inhaled thiorphan, a neutral endopeptidase inhibitor,on the bronchodilator response to inhaled atrial natriureticpeptide, 71

Effect of a leukotriene B4 receptor antagonist, LY293 111, onallergen induced responses in asthma, 1178

Effect of natural allergen exposure during the grass pollen sea-son on airways inflammatory cells and asthma symptoms,575

Effect of ozone thunderstorms and other weather conditionson the respiratory function of asthmatics, Suppl.3.Al

Effect of salmeterol on sleep architecture of asthmatic patientsof different ages, Suppl.3.A17

Effects of prior treatment with salmeterol and formoterol onairway and systemic P2 responses to fenoterol, 585

Eicosanoid mediator expression in mononuclear and polymor-phonuclear cells in normal subjects and patients with atopicasthma and cystic fibrosis, 1223

Endothelin-1 levels in induced sputum from asthmatics, nor-mal subjects and smokers - comparison with plasma andsaliva levels, Suppl.3.A81

Evaluation of bronchial responsiveness to exercise in childrenas an objective measure of asthma in epidemiological sur-veys, 590

Evaluation of nocturnal bronchoconstriction by all night tra-cheal sound monitoring, 694

Evidence for opioid modulation and generation ofprostaglandinsin sulphur dioxide-induced bronchoconstriction, 159

Exercise-induced asthma and cardiovascular fitness in asth-matic children, 207

Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction by ethnicity and pres-ence of asthma in British nine year olds, 1134

Experience with long-term methotrexate in steroid-dependentasthma over six years, Suppl.3.A61

1294

Free radical activity and pro-inflammatory effects of particu-late air pollution (PM1o) in vivo and in vitro, 1216

General practitioner prescribing habits in asthma/COPD,Suppl.3.A26

Glu27 P2-adrenoceptor polymorphism is associated with child-hood asthma, Suppl.3.A15

Home assessment of peak inspiratory flow through theTurbohaler in asthmatic patients, 433: correction, 1068

Impact of an asthma nurse specialist on patients admitted to

hospital with acute severe asthma, Suppl.3.A27Impact of severe asthma on the lives of women, Suppl.3.A64Impaired reflex responses to airway occlusion in the inspirato-

ry muscles of asthmatic subjects, 490Improved delivery beclomethasone dipropionate 400 mcg

daily achieves equivalent asthma symptom control as

800 mcg BDP from conventional CFC inhalers,Suppl.3.A73

Improving the emergency care of asthma patients by Londonambulance service, Suppl.3.A29

In vivo veritas: the continuing importance of discoveries incomplex biosystems, 441

Increase in non-specific bronchial hyperresponsiveness as an

early marker of bronchial response to occupational agentsduring specific inhalation challenges, 472

Induced sputum profiles in asthma of differing severity,Suppl.3.A80

Influence on mortality trends of 'false positive' asthma deathcertification in elderly subjects, Suppl.3.A22

Inhalational drug delivery from seven different spacer devices,835

Interrelationships between diagnosed asthma, asthma-likesymptoms, and abnormal airway behaviour in adolescence:the Odense Schoolchild Study, 503

Issues in adolescent asthma: what are the needs? Suppl.1.13Issues in adolescent asthma, Symposium of the European

Congress of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Madrid,June 1995, Suppl.1.1-17; introduction, Suppl.1.1

Leukotriene B4 and asthma: editorial, 1171Measurement of serum prednisolone and cortisol in patients

with severe asthma, Suppl.3.A61NO or no NO in asthma? 218Northampton asthma survey: results of a postal questionnaire,

Suppl.3.A62Observations on the structure, process and clinical outcomes

of asthma care in general practice, Suppl.3.A26Occupational asthma in a coal miner, 867Occupational asthma due to latex in health care workers, 1280Occupational asthma due to latex in a hospital administrative

employee, 452Occupational asthma in healthcare workers: results from the

Shield Surveillance Scheme in the West Midlands, UK,Suppl.3.A40

Occupational asthma: measures of frequency from four coun-

tries, 435: letter, 1168One years asthma admissions in Cornwall - still deficiencies in

basic care, Suppl.3.A62Outcome of occupational asthma due to platinum salts,

Suppl.3.A41Phosphodiesterase inhibitors: Lily the Pink's medicinal com-

pound for asthma? 647Potential effects of correction of inaccuracies of the mini-

Wright peak expiratory flow meter on the use of an asthmaself-management plan, 403

Prevalence of diagnosed asthma and COPD in a communitypopulation in Nottinghamshire, Suppl.3.A26

Priming effect of platelet activating factor on leukotriene C4from stimulated eosinophils of asthmatic patients, 155



Provision of primary care asthma services in the UnitedKingdom, Suppl.3.A28

Pulmonary eosinophilia due to Trichomonas tenax, 554Relationship between the acid-induced cough response and

airway responsiveness and obstruction in children with asth-ma, 284

Relationship between hospital admissions for asthma and pre-scribing in general practice, Suppl.3.A27

Relationship between the inflammatory infiltrate in bronchialbiopsy specimens and clinical severity of asthma in patientstreated with inhaled steroids, 496

Subject index

Relative effects of inhaled corticosteroids on immunopatholo-gy and physiology in asthma, 993

Risk of severe life threatening asthma: editorial, 1073Risk of severe life threatening asthma and beta agonist type: an

example of confounding by severity, 1093Role of sputum differential cell count in detecting airway

inflammation in patients with chronic bronchial asthma orCOPD, 1000

Safety of fibreoptic bronchoscopy in asthmatic and controlsubjects and effect on asthma control over two weeks,664

Salmeterol tachyphylaxis in steroid treated asthmatic subjects,1100

Social deprivation, childhood asthma and health service utili-sation, Suppl.3.A29

Steroids in exacerbations of asthma: tablets or inhalers? edito-rial, 1071

Study of the aetiology of wheezing illness at age 16 in twonational British birth cohorts, 670

Study of cultural issues relating to asthma and its managementamong Asian patients, Suppl.3.A30

Study of occupational asthma surveillance in hospitals in theWest Midlands, UK, Suppl.3.A41

Study to assess the need for a referral book for patients withasthma, Suppl.3.A62

Survey of health monitoring data at European level for asthma,Suppl.3.A63

Treatment of asthma and COPD in a general practice popula-tion, Suppl.3.A27

Unsuspected chest radiographic abnormalities in young andelderly acute asthma admissions, Suppl.3.A17

Use of tracheal auscultation for the assessment of bronchialresponsiveness in asthmatic children, 317

Usual dietary salt intake and asthma in children: a case-controlstudy, 59

Who should look after asthma: letter, 967see also Inhalers

Asthma Liaison Nurse Team, One years asthma admissions inCornwall - still deficiencies in basic care, Suppl.3.A62

AthletesAsthma and other pulmonary diseases in former elite athletes,

288Exercise-induced bronchospasm at low temperature in elite

runners, 628Athymic mice, T lymphocytes and silica-induced pulmonary

inflammation and fibrosis in mice, 1036Atopic asthmatics, Regional ventilation and perfusion lung

scan abnormalities in atopic asthmatics following allergen chal-lenge: comparison with airway function and gas exchange,Suppl.3.A46

Atopic disorder, Inverse association between tuberculinresponses and atopic disorder, Suppl.3.Al

Atopic rhinitisEffect of fluticasone propionate aqueous nasal spray on aller-

gen-induced inflammatory changes in the nasal airways ofallergic rhiitics following exposure for six hours to 400ppbnitrogen dioxide, Suppl.3.A40

Fluticasone propionate and beclomethasone dipropionateattenuate ozone-induced release of inflammatory cytokinesfrom nasal epithelial cells of atopic rhinitic subjects,Suppl.3.A39

AtopyAtopy, airway responsiveness, and genes, Suppl.2.55Bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and peak flow variability in

children with mild occasional wheezing, 272Exercise-induced bronchospasm at low temperature in elite

runners, 628Atrial fibrillation, Comparison of different levels of nasal con-

tinuous positive airway pressure in patients with severe conges-tive heart failure in sinus rhythm and atrial fibrillation,Suppl.3.A21

Atrial natriuretic peptide, Effect of inhaled thiorphan, a neu-tral endopeptidase inhibitor, on the bronchodilator response toinhaled atrial natriuretic peptide, 71

AuditAudit of an open access lung function laboratory service for

general practitioners (1991-1996), Suppl.3.A45Audit of a respiratory nurse tuberculosis service, Suppl.3.A34

Audit of a sleep study service 1993-1995, Suppl.3.A79Audit of tuberculosis treatment, Suppl.3.A34Re-audit of pulmonary function laboratories, Suppl.3.A69

Subject index

Autonomic arousals, Relationship between autonomicarousals, EEG arousals, respiratory events and subjectivesleepiness in patients undergoing investigation for obstructivesleep apnoea, Suppl.3.A76

Autonomic dysfunction, Autonomic dysfunction in patientswith nocturnal hypoventilation, Suppl.3.A11

Barometric pressure, Effect of altitude on spirometric para-meters and the performance of peak flow meters, 175

BCG vaccinationAdministration of the BCG vaccination using the multipunc-

ture method in schoolchildren - a comparison with theintradermal method, Suppl.3.A9

Understanding the different inflammatory responses to liveand dead BCG: a prerequisite for improved vaccine design,Suppl.3.A34

BeclomethasoneMeasuring systemic effects of inhaled beclomethasone: letter,

968Systemic effects of high dose inhaled steroids (budesonide,

beclomethasone and fluticasone) taken via large volumespacer, Suppl.3.A71

Beclomethasone dipropionateFluticasone propionate and beclomethasone dipropionate

attenuate ozone-induced release of inflammatory cytokinesfrom nasal epithelial cells of atopic rhinitic subjects,Suppl.3.A39

Improved delivery beclomethasone dipropionate 400 mcg dailyachieves equivalent asthma symptom control as 800 mcgBDP from conventional CFC inhalers, Suppl.3.A73

Pharmacokinetics of beclomethasone dipropionate from CFC-free ultrafine aerosol and conventional CFC inhalers inasthmatics, Suppl.3.A74

Bed occupancy, The combined role of the respiratory healthpractitioner and the physiotherapist in reducing bed occu-pancy in patients with chronic respiratory disease,Suppl.3.A63

Behavioural test, Comparison of a behavioural test to assessdaytime sleepiness with the traditional MWT, Suppl.3.A77

Beta adrenergic receptors, Reduced 1 adrenoceptor densityin vivo in human lung tumours: a preliminary study withpositron emission tomography, 727

Beta agonistsEffect of regular terbutaline on the airway response to inhaled

budesonide, 989Risk of severe life threatening asthma: editorial, 1073The effect of inhaled 1 agonists and anticholinergic agents

upon heart rate variability, Suppl.3.A60Beta-galactosidase gene, In vivo transfer of the 1-galactosi-

dase gene into malignant mesothelioma cells induces tumourrejection, Suppl.3.A6

Beta-lactamase, Quantitative analysis of the IgG and IgG sub-class immune responses to chromosomal Pseudomonas aerugi-nosa 1-lactamase in serum from patients with cystic fibrosis bywestern blotting and laser scanning densitometry, 733

12 adrenergic receptor expression, Regulation of pulmonary12 adrenergic receptor expression: correlation between recep-tor density, function and genotypes, Suppl.3.A38

32-adrenoceptor, 12-adrenoceptor regulation and function infemale asthmatics receiving the oral combined contraceptivepill, Suppl.3.A37

132-adrenoceptor gene, The Glu27 12-adrenoceptor polymor-phism is associated with childhood asthma, Suppl.3.A15

12-adrenoceptor polymorphisms32-adrenoceptor polymorphism determines susceptibility tobronchodilator desensitisation in asthmatics, Suppl.3.A37

12 adrenoceptor polymorphisms: are they clinically important?editorial, 351: letter, 1168

12 agonist, Functional antagonism: tolerance produced byinhaled 2 agonists, 1051

12 agonist aerosol, Optimal particle size for 12 agonist and anti-cholinergic aerosols in patients with severe airflow obstruction,977

132 agonistlantagonist, Evaluation of the 12 adrenoceptor ago-nist/antagonist activity of formoterol and salmeterol, 54

Bicarbonate buffer, Comparison of a modified bicarbonatebuffer and EuroCollins solution for hypothermic storage of ratlungs: effect on lung function, Suppl.3.A69

Bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, Silicosis presenting as bilat-eral hilar lymphadenopathy, 1165

Blood inflammatory markers, Blood and sputum sol inflam-matory markers, Suppl.3.A80

1295

Blood pressureEffect of regression dilution bias on the nocturnal hypoxaemia

v blood pressure relationship, Suppl.3.A79Effect of snoring on respiratory effort measured indirectly by

beat to beat blood pressure, Suppl.3.A76Body mass, Longitudinal effects of change in body mass onmeasurements of ventilatory capacity, 699

Bone density, A phase III open parallel group study to comparethe effects of inhaled fluticasone proprionate (500mcg bd) andbudesonide (800mcg bd) on bone density measurements over1 year in stable chronic asthmatics, Suppl.3.A72

Book notices (reviews)Bauemfeind A, Marks MI, Strandvik B. Cystic fibrosis pul-

monary infections: lessons from around the world, 1170Bordow RA, Moser KM. Manual of clinical problems in pul-

monary medicine, 4th edition, 1170Cahill DR, Orland MJ, Miller GM. Atlas of human cross-sec-

tional anatomy, 3rd edition, 556Carney DN. Lung cancer, 556Chadwick DJ, Goode JA. The molecular biology and patholo-

gy of elastic tissue, 874Department of Health: Committee on the Medical Effects of

Air Pollutants. Asthma and outdoor air pollution, 556Department of Health: Committee on the Medical Effects of

Air Pollutants. Non-biological particles and health, 454Derenne J-P, Whitelaw WA, Similowski T. Acute respiratory

failure in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (Lungbiology in health and disease series, volume 92), 1170

Doll, Sir Richard; Crofton, Sir John, scientific editors. Tobaccoand health, 772

Mindel A, Miller R. AIDS - a pocket book of diagnosis andmanagement, 2nd edition, 658

Morgan WKC, Seaton A. Occupational lung diseases, 1068O'Donohue WJ. Long-term oxygen therapy, 228Peacock AJ. Pulmonary circulation - a handbook for clinicians,

1169Proctor DF. A history of breathing physiology, 344Roussos C. The thorax. Part A: Physiology; Part B: Applied

physiology; Part C Disease. (Lung Biology in Health andDisease Series, No 85). 2nd edition, revised and expanded, 874

Simonds AK. Non invasive respiratory support, 968Stern EJ, Swenson SJ. High resolution CT of the chest - com-

prehensive atlas, 968Webb WR, Muller NL, Naidich DP. High resolution CT of the

lung, 2nd edition, 968BrachytherapyHigh dose rate brachytherapy for the local control of endo-

bronchial carcinoma following external irradiation, 354High dose rate endobronchial brachytherapy for the treatment

of lung cancer: current status and indications: editorial, 345Bradykinin, Cultured human airway smooth muscle cells

release PGE2 in response to bradykinin, growth factors andarachidonic acid, Suppl.3.A38

Brain dead organ donors, Comparison of bronchoscopic diag-nostic techniques with histological findings in brain dead organdonors without suspected pneumonia, 929

Breathhold, Influence of breathhold on peak and plateau con-centrations of nitric oxide in the exhaled air of adults,Suppl.3.A17

Breathing, Reliability of a commercially available thresholdloading device in healthy subjects and in patients with chronicobstructive pulmonary disease, 601

Breathing pattern, Breathing pattern and carbon dioxideretention in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 677

Breathlessness, Effect of inhaled morphine on the developmentof breathlessness during exercise in patients with chronic lungdisease, 596

Breathlessness score, The Medical Research CouncilBreathlessness Score is useful in selecting COPD patients forpulmonary rehabilitation, Suppl.3.A24

Bricanyl Turbohaler, Bricanyl Turbohaler, SereventAccuhaler and Foradil aerolizer comparative drug delivery,Suppl.3.A73

British Thoracic Society, British Thoracic Society Sarcoidosisstudy: effects of long term corticosteroid treatment, 238

Bronchi, Chronic sputum production: correlations betweenclinical features and findings on high resolution computedtomographic scanning of the chest, 914

Bronchial biopsy specimensComparison of bronchoscopic diagnostic techniques with his-

tological findings in brain dead organ donors without sus-pected pneumonia, 929

1296

Effect of prostaglandin E2 on eicosanoid release by humanbronchial biopsy specimens from normal and inflamedmucosa, 919

Bronchial casts, Lymphangiomatosis presenting with bronchialcast formation, 765

Bronchial epithelial cellsCigarette smoke enhances house dust mite allergen (Der pl)-

induced changes in permeability ofhuman bronchial epithe-lial cell cultures, Suppl.3.A51

Diesel exhaust particulates enhance the release of pro-inflam-matory mediators from human bronchial epithelial cells invitro, Suppl.3.A54

Effect of Haemophilus influenzae endotoxin on the expression oftranscription factors by cultured human bronchial epithelialcells and the influence of anti-inflammatory agents,Suppl.3.A3

Effect of loratadine on nitrogen dioxide-induced release of pro-inflammatory mediators from cultured human bronchialepithelial cells, Suppl.3.A39

Nedocromil sodium attenuates bronchial epithelial cell-induced eosinophil adhesion and release of sICAM-1 fromendothelial cells in vitro, Suppl.3.A39

Pre-exposure of a rhinoviral-infected human bronchial epithelialcell line to cytokines affects surface ICAM- 1 levels,Suppl.3.A2

Bronchial hyperresponsivenessAtopy, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and peak flow variabili-

ty in children with mild occasional wheezing, 272Effect of allergen avoidance at high altitude on direct and indi-

rect bronchial hyperresponsiveness and markers of inflam-mation in children with allergic asthma, 582

Impact of obstructive airways disease on quality of life in olderadults, 520

Relationship between the inflammatory infiltrate in bronchialbiopsy specimens and clinical severity of asthma in patientstreated with inhaled steroids, 496


Bronchial inflammation, The use of a sputum colour chart inthe assessment of bronchial inflammation, Suppl.3.A82

Bronchial obstruction, Expandable metal stents for non-malignant bronchial obstruction, 963

Bronchial provocation tests (testing)Increase in non-specific bronchial hyperresponsiveness as an


Occupational asthma in a coal miner, 867Respiratory sensation during bronchial challenge testing with

methacholine, sodium metabisulphite, and adenosinemonophosphate, 793

Bronchial reactivity, Antioxidants and bronchial reactivity,Suppl.3.A1

Bronchial responsivenessAssessment of food chemical intolerance in adult asthmatic

subjects, 805Relationship between the acid-induced cough response and airway

responsiveness and obstruction in children with asthma, 284Use of tracheal auscultation for the assessment of bronchial

responsiveness in asthmatic children, 317Bronchial stenosis, Thin-section spiral volumetric CT for theassessment of lobar and segmental bronchial stenosis,Suppl.3.A70

Bronchial stent, Expandable metal stents for non-malignantbronchial obstruction, 963

Bronchial washings, How valuable are routine bronchialwashings for TB studies? Suppl.3.A32

BronchiectasisBronchiectasis and homozygous (PiZZ) ota-antitrypsin defi-

ciency: letter, 228Chronic sputum production: correlations between clinical

features and findings on high resolution computed tomo-graphic scanning of the chest, 914

Exhaled nitric oxide is not elevated in patients with cysticfibrosis or bronchiectasis compared to normals,Suppl.3.A19

Inflammatory activity in sputum chronic bronchitis andbronchiectasis during clinical stability, Suppl.3.A81

Knowledge and compliance with respiratory physiotherapytechniques in adults with bronchiectasis, Suppl.3.A68

BronchiolitisBronchiolitis and asthma in infancy and early childhood,

Suppl.2.60

Subject index

Diffuse panbronchiolitis in an Asian immigrant, 1065Broncho-Vaxom, Induction of interleukin 6 and interleukin 8

expression by Broncho-Vaxom (OM-86 BV) via C-Fos/serumresponsive element, 150

Bronchoalveolar alveolitis, Exhaled nitric oxide is normal insarcoidosis patients with active alveolitis, Suppl.3.A18

Bronchoalveolar lavageBronchoalveolar lavage fluid findings in patients with chronic

hepatitis C virus infection, 312Bronchoalveolar lavage with trypsin in pulmonary alveolar pro-

teinosis, 769Comparison of bronchoscopic diagnostic techniques with his-

tological findings in brain dead organ donors without sus-pected pneumonia, 929

Comparison of cell profiles in separately evaluated fractions ofbronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid in children, 615

Cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in patients with highaltitude pulmonary oedema at moderate altitude in Japan, 739

Elevated expression of insulin-like growth factor binding pro-tein-3 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with pul-monary fibrosis, Suppl.3.A12

Gastrin levels in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid ofpatients with lung cancer: comparison with patients withchronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 1270

Growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I gene expres-sion in bronchoalveolar lavage cells using RT-PCR,Suppl.3.A12

Two dimensional protein patterns of bronchoalveolar lavagefluid from non-smokers, smokers, and subjects exposed toasbestos, 1028

BronchoconstrictionAttenuation of propranolol-induced bronchoconstriction by

nebulised frusemide, Suppl.3.A40Evidence for opioid modulation and generation of

prostaglandins in sulphur dioxide-induced bronchoconstric-tion, 159


Histamine induced bronchoconstriction and end tidal inspira-tory activity in man, 1192

Bronchodilation, Effects of prior treatment with salmeterol andformoterol on airway and systemic beta2 responses tofenoterol, 585

Bronchodilator response, Effect of acute hyperoxia on thebronchodilator response to salbutamol in stable asthmaticpatients, 853

BronchodilatorsP2-adrenoceptor polymorphism determines susceptibility

to bronchodilator desensitisation in asthmatics,Suppl.3.A37

Compliance in an assessment programme for domiciliary neb-ulised bronchodilators in patients with chronic obstructiveairways disease, Suppl.3.A28

Effect of inhaled thiorphan, a neutral endopeptidase inhibitor,on the bronchodilator response to inhaled atrial natriureticpeptide, 71

Inhaler technique among adult patients prescribed bron-chodilators, Suppl.3.A71

Optimal particle size for 12 agonist and anticholinergicaerosols in patients with severe airflow obstruction, 977

Reversibility to bronchodilators: are forced expiratorymanoeuvres the best? Suppl.3.A46

Scorpion venoms: taking the sting out of lung disease, 546Smoking and quality of life among adult patients prescribed

bronchodilators, Suppl.3.A66Bronchoplasty, Expandable metal stents for non-malignant

bronchial obstruction, 963Bronchoprotection, Potentiation of the bronchoprotective

effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide, isoprenaline, and theo-phylline against histamine challenge in anaesthetised guineapigs by adrenomedullin, 1199

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, Serum dependence of oxygenstimulated DNA synthesis in human fetal airway smooth mus-cle cells: implications for the pathogenesis of bronchopul-monary dysplasia, Suppl.3.A15

BronchoscopyAdenoid cystic carcinoma of the left main bronchus mimicking

MacLeod's syndrome, 451Bronchoscopic and angiographic findings in tracheobronchial

endometriosis, 1060: commentary, 1064Bronchoscopy software development: costs and benefits,

Suppl.3.A70

Subject index

Comparison of oximetry and transcutaneous carbon dioxidelevels in patients undergoing fibreoptic bronchoscopy,Suppl.3.A70

Intrathoracic tuberculous lymphadenopathy: clinical and bron-choscopic features in 17 adults without parenchymallesions, 87: letter, 967

Pulmonary actinomycosis appearing as a "ball-in-hole" onchest radiography and bronchoscopy, 221: commentary, 226:letter, 1168

Safety of fibreoptic bronchoscopy in asthmatic and controlsubjects and effect on asthma control over two weeks, 664

Transtracheal aspiration using rigid bronchoscopy and a rigidneedle for investigating mediastinal masses, 197

BronchospasmExercise-induced bronchospasm at low temperature in elite

runners, 628Exercise-induced bronchospasm in Ghana: prevalence in

urban and rural children, Suppl.3.A42Bronchus, Primary malignant melanoma of the bronchus, 223;

commentary, 226BudesonideAdrenal suppression with inhaled budesonide and fluticasone



Comparison ofpMDI plus Nebuhaler and Turbohaler in asth-matic patients with dysphonia, Suppl.3.A74

Effect of regular terbutaline on the airway response to inhaledbudesonide, 989

Phase III open parallel group study to compare the effects ofinhaled fluticasone proprionate (500mcg bd) and budes-onide (800mcg bd) on bone density measurements over 1year in stable chronic asthmatics, Suppl.3.A72

Systemic effects of high dose budesonide (4 mg) taken by fourinhaler systems and orally, Suppl.3.A72

Systemic effects of high dose inhaled steroids (budesonide,beclomethasone and fluticasone) taken via large volumespacer, Suppl.3.A71

Building-related diseaseAspergillosis in immunocompromised paediatric patients:

associations with building hygiene, design, and indoor air,256

Pulmonary infiltration after exposure to home renovation dust:histopathology and microanalysis, 654: commentary, 656

Bulla, Spontaneous regression of a giant pulmonary bulla, 549:letter, 1283

Burkholderia cepaciaInflammatory markers and clinical response to intravenous

antibiotics in adults with cystic fibrosis colonised withBurkholderia cepacia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Suppl.3.A49

Referral for lung transplantation: experience of a BirminghamAdult Cystic Fibrosis Centre between 1987 and 1994, 302:letters, 873, 1068

Byssinosis, Byssinosis: a review, 632

Calcium metabolism, Dysregulation of calcium metabolism inhuman neutrophils exposed to the Pseudomonas aeruginosa pig-ment 1-hydroxyphenazine, Suppl.3.A58

Calibrating, Calibrating the calibrators: editorial, 969Cancer care delivery, Cancer care delivery: are the standards

in the Whitehouse report attainable, Suppl.3.A7Candidate gene loci, Candidate gene loci in asthmatic and

allergic inflammation: editorial, 3Capsaicin, Cough sensitivity to nebulised capsaicin and low

chloride solution in laryngectomees, Suppl.3.A37Carbon dioxide

Breathing pattern and carbon dioxide retention in severechronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 677

Carbon dioxide replacement during exercise in patients withidiopathic hyperventilation, Suppl.3.A21

Effect of adenosine infusion on oxygen induced carbon dioxideretention in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,1083

Carbon monoxide, Reduction of pulmonary capillary bloodvolume in patients with severe unexplained pulmonary hyper-tension, 855

Cardiovascular fitness, Exercise-induced asthma and cardio-vascular fitness in asthmatic children, 207

Carers, The impact on carers of disability due to chronicobstructive pulmonary disease, Suppl.3.A16

1297

Cat allergenCorrelation between levels of major cat allergen Fel d 1 in

reservoir and settling dust in homes with and without cats,Suppl.3.A42

Distribution and aerodynamic characteristics of major catallergen Fel d 1, Suppl.3.A41

Reducing exposure to cat allergen in hospitals: the effect ofregular vacuum cleaning on Fel d 1 in upholstered chairs,Suppl.3.A41

Catamenial haemoptysis, Bronchoscopic and angiographicfindings in tracheobronchial endometriosis, 1060: commentary,1064

Cationic liposomesHuman alpha,-antitrypsin gene transfer with cationic lipo-

somes in vitro and in vivo, Suppl.3.A6Safety of aerosol administration of escalating doses of a

cationic lipid (lipid 67) formulation to the lungs of normalvolunteers, Suppl.3.A6

CD4 counts, Lack of skin test reactivity to common mycobacte-rial antigens in human immunodeficiency virus infected indi-viduals with high CD4 counts, 932

CD4', Pneumocystis carinii in a patient with pulmonary sarcoido-sis and idiopathic CD4' T lymphocytopenia, 446: commentary,448

CD4' T-cell recognition, Human CD4+ T-cell recognition ofinfluenza A haemagglutinin is precisely defined by HIA-DR,Suppl.3.A2

Cell countsCell counts in spontaneous sputum during exacerbations of

asthma and COPD, Suppl.3.A80Reproducibility of induced sputum cell counts and fluid phase

ECP, Suppl.3.A80Cell profiles, Comparison of cell profiles in separately evaluated

fractions of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid in children, 615Cell signalling, Cell signalling in pulmonary vascular cells: donot shoot the messenger!, 864

Cephalosporin resistance, Antibiotic resistant Streptococcuspneumoniae, Suppl 2.45

CHART, Time course from first symptom to treatment inpatients with non-small cell lung cancer referred for radiother-apy: a report by the CHART Steering Committee, 1262

Chemoattractant-induced neutrophil cross-desensitisa-tion, Cross-desensitisation of neutrophil IL-8 receptorsinvolves differential receptor subtype regulation, Suppl.3.A54

Chemodectoma, Chemodectoma of the trachea, 341Chemotherapy, Chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer:time to re-examine our attitudes: editorial, 231

Chest radiographyPulmonary actinomycosis appearing as a "ball-in-hole" on

chest radiography and bronchoscopy, 221; commentary, 226:letter, 1168

Radiographic features of staphylococcal pneumonia in adultsand children, 539

Respiratory tract infection in the community. Does a chestradiograph influence treatment? Suppl.3.A13

Unsuspected chest radiographic abnormalities in young andelderly acute asthma admissions, Suppl.3.A17

Chest wall invasion, Surgical treatment of 125 patients withnon-small cell lung cancer and chest wall involvement, 846

ChildrenAcute effects of summer air pollution on respiratory func-

tion in primary school children in southern England, 1109Adrenal suppression with inhaled budesonide and fluticasone


Aspergillosis in immunocompromised paediatric patients:associations with building hygiene, design, and indoor air,256Bronchiolitis and asthma in infancy and early childhood,Suppl.2.60

Comparison of cell profiles in separately evaluated fractions ofbronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid in children, 615

Descriptive study of cough, wheeze and school absence inchildhood, 630

Evaluation of bronchial responsiveness to exercise in children asan objective measure ofasthma in epidemiological surveys, 590




1298

Pulmonary function in children with systemic lupus erythe-matosus, 424

Randomised controlled assessment of a 'Windmill Trainer'device in the measurement of PEF in children,Suppl.3.A61

Relationship between the acid-induced cough response andairway responsiveness and obstruction in children with asth-ma, 284

Spiral computed tomographic scanning of the chest with threedimensional imaging in the diagnosis and management ofpaediatric intrathoracic airway obstruction, 1005

Use of tracheal auscultation for the assessment of bronchialresponsiveness in asthmatic children, 317


Chlamydia pneumoniaeChlamydia pneumoniae antibody titres are significantly associ-

ated with Afro-Caribbean and Asian origin, Suppl.3.A67Chlamydia pneumoniae antibody titres are significantly associ-

ated with the use of steroid medication in respiratory dis-ease, Suppl.3.A14

Clinical picture of community-acquired Chlamydia pneumoniaepneumonia requiring hospital treatment: a comparisonbetween chlamydial and pneumococcal pneumonia, 185: let-ter, 967

Chronic airways obstructionCompliance with oral corticosteroids during steroid trials in

chronic airways obstruction, 323Impact of obstructive airways disease on quality of life in older

adults, 520Prevalence and treatment of chronic airways obstruction in

adults over the age of 45, 164Chronic bronchitis

Analysis of decisions by European general practitioners toadmit to hospital patients with lower respiratory tract infec-tions, 1017

Identification of a novel conformation of oti-antichymotrypsin:an explanation for the inactive species found in lung lavagefrom patients with chronic bronchitis and emphysema,Suppl.3.A51


Sputum leukotriene B4 during infective exacerbations ofchronic bronchitis, Suppl.3.A81

Chronic cough, Effect of loratadine, an HI antihistamine, oninduced cough in non-asthmatic patients with chronic cough,810

Chronic Disease Management Programme, An analysis ofthe data produced by the Asthma Chronic DiseaseManagement Programme and the Prescribing Analysis andCost data in Suffolk, Suppl.3.A27

Chronic hypoxic lung disease, Doppler assessment ofpulmonaryhaemodynamics in chronic hypoxic lung disease: editorial, 9

Chronic obstructive puhmonary diseaseAcute steroid trials in COPD: lessons from the ISOLDE trial,

Suppl.3.A44Airways obstruction, chronic expectoration, and rapid decline

of FEV, in smokers are associated with increased levels ofsputum neutrophils, 267

Are activity monitors sensitive enough to detect speeds pre-scribed to patients with COPD? Suppl.3.A25

Assessment of the appropriateness of admissions of patientswith exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,Suppl.3.A20

Breathing pattern and carbon dioxide retention in severechronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 677

Calibrating the calibrators: editorial, 969Cell counts in spontaneous sputum during exacerbations of

asthma and COPD, Suppl.3.A80Comparison of the acute effects on gas exchange of nasal ven-

tilation and doxapram in exacerbations of chronic obstruc-tive pulmonary disease, 1048

Comparison of the efficacy of a demand oxygen delivery sys-tem with continuous low flow oxygen in subjects with stableCOPD and severe oxygen desaturation on walking, 831

Compliance in an assessment programme for domiciliary neb-ulised bronchodilators in patients with chronic obstructiveairways disease, Suppl.3.A28COPD guidelines and general practice - use of spirometers,Suppl.3.A44

Criteria for non-invasive ventilation in chronic obstructive pul-monary disease. Who is eligible? Suppl.3.A20

Subject index


Determinants of health-related quality of life in patients withchronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 39

Difference between functional residual capacity and elasticequilibrium volume in patients with chronic obstructive pul-monary disease, 415

Do anxiety and depression affect outcome of rehabilitation insevere chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Suppl.3.A25

Do patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseattending a pulmonary rehabilitation programme adhere totheir prescribed home exercise programme? Suppl.3.A25

Domiciliary ventilation in chronic obstructive pulmonary dis-ease: where are we? editorial, 455

Doppler assessment of pulmonary haemodynamics in chronichypoxic lung disease: editorial, 9

Dose response study of ipratropium bromide aerosol on maxi-mum exercise performance in stable patients with chronicobstructive pulmonary disease, 48

Effect of adenosine infusion on oxygen induced carbon dioxideretention in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,1083

Effect of L-arginine on renal blood flow in normal subjects andpatients with hypoxic chronic obstructive pulmonary dis-ease, 516

Effect of outdoor temperature on daily lung function and exac-erbations in patients with COPD, Suppl.3.A19

Effectiveness of four different inhalers in COPD: letter, 454Effects of cessation of terbutaline treatmnent on airway obstruc-

tion and responsiveness in patients with chronic obstructivepulmonary disease, 684

Effects of regular salmeterol on lung function and exercisecapacity in patients with chronic obstructive airways disease,689

Evidence for a relation between metabolic derangements andincreased levels of inflammatory mediators in a subgroup ofpatients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 819

Factors predisposing to exacerbations in patients with COPD,Suppl.3.A19

Free radical activity and pro-inflammatory effects of particu-late air pollution (PM,o) in vivo and in vitro, 1216

Functional status and well being in chronic obstructive pul-monary disease with regard to clinical parameters andsmoking: a descriptive and comparative study, 825

Gastrin levels in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid ofpatients with lung cancer: comparison with patients withchronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 1270

General practitioner prescribing habits in asthma/COPD,Suppl.3.A26

Impact on carers of disability due to chronic obstructive pul-monary disease, Suppl.3.A16

Inhaler use in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,Suppl.3.A66

Long-term benefits of pulmonary rehabilitation in elderlypatients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,Suppl.3.A16

Long term effects of non-invasive intermittent positive pres-sure ventilation on chronic ventilatory failure due to COPD,Suppl.3.A1O

Lung volume reduction surgery in chronic obstructive pul-monary disease, Suppl.2.29

Medical Research Council Breathlessness Score is useful inselecting COPD patients for pulmonary rehabilitation,Suppl.3.A24

Negative pressure ventilation in acute hypercapnic chronicobstructive pulmonary disease: editorial, 1069

Non-invasive ventilation for exacerbations of respiratoryfailure in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,Suppl.2.35

Occupation and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 947Oxidant/antioxidant imbalance in smokers and chronic

obstructive pulmonary disease: editorial, 348Patterns of symptom change during an exacerbation of chron-

ic obstructive pulmonary disease, Suppl.3.A65Peak inspiratory flow through Turbuhaler in chronic obstruc-

tive pulmonary disease, Suppl.3.A75Prevalence of diagnosed asthma and COPD in a community

population in Nottinghamshire, Suppl.3.A26Quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary

disease and severe hypoxaemia, 44Randomised controlled trial of outpatient pulmonary rehabili-

tation in COPD: preliminary results, Suppl.3.A24

Subject index

Randomised crossover study of inspiratory positive airwaypressure on gas exchange and dyspnoea during nasal venti-lation in stable COPD, Suppl.3.A10

Reliability of a commercially available threshold loading devicein healthy subjects and in patients with chronic obstructivepulmonary disease, 601

Role of sputum differential cell count in detecting airwayinflammation in patients with chronic bronchial asthma orCOPD, 1000

Salmeterol in smokers with COPD: letter, 110Severity of COPD, autonomic nerve function, cardiac arrhyth-

mias and mortality, Suppl.3.A65Severity scoring in acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive

airways disease, Suppl.3.A20Symptomatic and spirometric change during exacerbations of

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Suppl.3.A19Time series analysis of FEVy in patients with exacerbations ofCOPD, Suppl.3.A65

Treatment of asthma and COPD in a general practice popula-tion, Suppl.3.A27

Chronic respiratory diseaseAdministration of the chronic respiratory disease question-

naire: Combined role of the respiratory health practi-tioner and the physiotherapist in reducing bed occu-pancy in patients with chronic respiratory disease,Suppl.3.A63

Chronic respiratory insufficiency, Intermittent negative pres-sure ventilation in the treatment of hypoxic hypercapnic comain chronic respiratory insufficiency, 1077

Chyloptysis, Lymphangiomatosis presenting with bronchial castformation, 765

Chylothorax, Bilateral chylothorax complicating massive osteo-lysis (Gorham's syndrome), 1277: commentary, 1279

Cigarette smoke, Cigarette smoke enhances house dust miteallergen (Der pl)-induced changes in permeability of humanbronchial epithelial cell cultures, Suppl.3.A51

Cisapride, Peritoneal ventilation in rabbits: augmentation of gasexchange with cisapride, 82

Cisplatin, A phase II of cisplatin, ifosfamide and increasingdosage of navelbine in unresectable non-small cell lung cancer,Suppl.3.A55

Coal minersEffects of cigarette smoking and duration of work on the lung

function of coal miners, Suppl.3.A43Occupational asthma in a coal miner, 867

Cocaine, "Crack lung" caused by an impure preparation, 959:commentary, 962

Colds, Effects of upper respiratory tract infections in patientswith cystic fibrosis, 1115

Coliagen, Increased inflammatory cytokines and new collagenformation in cutaneous tuberculosis and sarcoidosis, 1253

Coliagenases, Effect of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its com-ponents on macrophages and the release of matrix metallopro-teinases, 306

Coma, Intermittent negative pressure ventilation in the treat-ment of hypoxic hypercapnic coma in chronic respiratoryinsufficiency, 1077

Community-acquired pneumoniaAnalysis of decisions by European general practitioners to

admit to hospital patients with lower respiratory tract infec-tions, 1017

Circulating neutrophil 32-integrin expression and intracellularoxidative metabolism in community acquired pneumonia,Suppl.3.A3

Clinical picture of community-acquired Chlamydia pneumoniaepneumonia requiring hospital treatment: a comparisonbetween chlamydial and pneumococcal pneumonia, 185: let-ter, 967

Community acquired pneumonia: aetiology and usefulness ofseverity criteria on admission, 1010

Community acquired pneumonia in adults: a study comparingclinical features and outcome in Africa (Republic ofGuinea) and Europe (France), 385

Multiple pathogens in adult patients admitted with commu-nity-acquired pneumonia: a one year prospective study of346 consecutive patients, 179

Predicting death from pneumonia: editorial, 970ComplianceCompliance with oral corticosteroids during steroid trials in

chronic airways obstruction, 323Compliance with treatment in adult patients with cystic fibro-

sis, 29

1299

Evaluation of a directly observed six month fully intermittenttreatment regimen for tuberculosis in patients suspected ofpoor compliance, 1130

Computed tomographyAnti-CEA immunoscintigraphy and computed tomographic

scanning in the preoperative evaluation of mediastinallymph nodes in lung cancer, 359

Continuous volume computed tomography in pulmonaryembolism: the answer, or just another test? editorial, 1

Influence of thoracic CT and guided fine needle biopsy onmanagement of solitary pulmonary nodules < 3 cm in diam-eter, Suppl.3.A7

Role of spiral volumetric computed tomographic scanning inthe assessment of patients with clinical suspicion of pul-monary embolism and an abnormal ventilation/perfusionlung scan, 23

Thin-section spiral volumetric CT for the assessment of lobarand segmental bronchial stenosis, Suppl.3.A70

Confounding by severityRisk of severe life threatening asthma: editorial, 1073Risk of severe life threatening asthma and beta agonist type: an

example of confounding by severity, 1093Congestive heart failure, Comparison of different levels of

nasal continuous positive airway pressure in patients withsevere congestive heart failure in sinus rhythm and atrial fibril-lation, Suppl.3.A21

Continuous positive airway pressureDo CPAP titration studies predict subsequent CPAP usage or

effectiveness?, Suppl.3.A78Effect of chronic continuous positive airway pressure therapy

on upper airway size in patients with sleep apnoea/hypop-noea syndrome, 190

Continuous volume computed tomography, Continuousvolume computed tomography in pulmonary embolism: theanswer, or just another test? editorial, 1

Contraceptive pill, P2-adrenoceptor regulation and function infemale asthmatics receiving the oral combined contraceptivepill, Suppl.3.A37

Contractile properties, Contractile properties of the elderlyhuman diaphragm, Suppl.3.A16

Coronary heart disease, The rate of decline of forced expi-ratory volume in one second (FEV1) predicts mortality fromcoronary heart disease in men and women, Suppl.3.A23

Corrections, 556, 1068Corticosteroid reversibility trials, Compliance with oral corti-

costeroids during steroid trials in chronic airways obstruction, 323Corticosteroids

British Thoracic Society Sarcoidosis study: effects of long termcorticosteroid treatment, 238


Diffuse panbronchiolitis in an Asian immigrant, 1065Effect of regular terbutaline on the airway response to inhaled

budesonide, 989Relative effects of inhaled corticosteroids on immunopathology

and physiology in asthma, 993Salmeterol tachyphylaxis in steroid treated asthmatic subjects,

1100Cortisol, The measurement of serum prednisolone and cortisol

in patients with severe asthma, Suppl.3.A61Cost of care, Cost of care of patients with cystic fibrosis in TheNetherlands in 1990-1, 298

Costs, Bronchoscopy software development: costs and benefits,Suppl.3.A70

CoughAbdominal muscle strength measured by gastric pressure dur-

ing maximal cough, Suppl.3.A45Airways inflammation in chronic non-productive cough,

Suppl.3.A64Clinical significance of excess cough as a solitary symptom,

Suppl.3.A14Descriptive study of cough, wheeze and school absence in

childhood, 630Effect of loratadine, an H1 antihistamine, on induced cough in

non-asthmatic patients with chronic cough, 810Prevalence of anxiety and depression in patients with chronic

non-productive cough, Suppl.3.A64Cough remedies, Can short term effects of cough remedies bemeasured? Suppl.3.A64

Cough threshold, Relationship between the acid-inducedcough response and airway responsiveness and obstruction inchildren with asthma, 284

1300

Crack lung, "Crack lung" caused by an impure preparation,959: commentary, 962

Cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitisCryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis - a comparison of presenta-

tion, respiratory lung function and outcome betweenCaucasians and Asians, Suppl.3.A71

Cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis does not appear associatedwith Epstein-Barr virus infection, Suppl.3.A1l

Cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis and lung cancer- is there anassociation? Suppl.3.All

Mortality rates from cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis in sevencountries, 711

Crystalline silica, Exposure of crystalline silica and risk of lungcancer: the epidemiological evidence, 97: letter, 772

Cyclic guanosine monophosphateEffect of cyclic guanosine monophosphate on ovine airway

epithelial transport, Suppl.3.A60Synthesis of cyclic guanosine monophosphate in culturedhuman airway smooth muscle cells, Suppl.3.A38

Cyclic nucleotides, Prostaglandin E2 production by ovine tra-cheal epithelium: control by cyclic nucleotides, Suppl.3.A38

Cyclooxygenase-2, Interleukin- 1 3 causes induction ofcyclooxygenase-2 in cultured human airway smooth musclecells, Suppl.3.A39

CyclophosphamideCyclophosphamide treatment of paraquat poisoning: editorial,

659Pulse therapy with cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone

in patients with moderate to severe paraquat poisoning: pre-liminary report, 661

Cyclosporin, Frusemide and cyclosporin do not inhibit earlyantigen response in sensitised guinea pig tracheal tubes,Suppl.3.A40

Cystic fibrosisotI-antitrypsin mutations and the severity of cystic fibrosis lung

disease, Suppl.3.A60Circulating immunoreactive interleukin-6 in cystic fibrosis,

Suppl.3.A59Clinical significance of the auxotrophic phenotype of

Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis, Suppl.3.A49Compliance with treatment in adult patients with cystic fibro-

sis, 29Cost of care of patients with cystic fibrosis in The Netherlands

in 1990-1, 298Cystic fibrosis related diabetes: a retrospective survey of adult

cystic fibrosis patients of Royal Brompton Hospital from1966-1996, Suppl.3.A47

Effect of intravenous antibiotic therapy on markers of oxidativestress in cystic fibrosis, Suppl.3.A59

Effect of nebulised recombinant DNase on neutrophil elastaseload in cystic fibrosis, 619

Effect of pregnancy on maternal cystic fibrosis vs nulliparousseverity matched controls, Suppl.3.A50

Effects of upper respiratory tract infections in patients withcystic fibrosis, 1115

Eicosanoid mediator expression in mononuclear and polymor-phonuclear cells in normal subjects and patients with atopicasthma and cystic fibrosis, 1223

Exhaled nitric oxide is not elevated in patients with cystic fibro-sis or bronchiectasis compared to normals, Suppl.3.A19

Free radical activity and antioxidant levels in serum of dia-betic and non-diabetic cystic fibrosis patients, Suppl.3.A59

Gastrostomy feeding significantly improves lung function inchildren with cystic fibrosis, Suppl.3.A47

Health perceptions and treatment adherence in adults withcystic fibrosis, 1233

In vivo assessment of potential novel pharmacological agentsto activate CFTR in cystic fibrosis, Suppl.3.A60

In vivo effects of recombinant human DNase I on sputum inpatients with cystic fibrosis, 119


Is Fusarium species a cause of fungal atopy in adult cysticfibrosis? Suppl.3.A49

Is the risk of fetal anomalies greater in mothers with cysticfibrosis? Suppl.3.A50

Knowledge of adult patients with cystic fibrosis about their ill-ness, 34

Long term survival and nutritional data in patients with cysticfibrosis treated in a Danish centre, 1023

Subject index

Lower airway potential difference measurements in non-CFand CF subjects, Suppl.3.A6

Mild variant of cystic fibrosis, Suppl.2.51Minimisation of aminoglycoside toxicity in patients with cystic

fibrosis, 369Modification of nasal membrane potential difference with

inhaled amiloride and loperamide in the cystic fibrosismouse, 1229

Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation in patients withcystic fibrosis and hypercapnic respiratory failure,Suppl.3.A24

Nebulised antipseudomonal antibiotic therapy in cystic fibro-sis: a meta-analysis of benefits and risks, 364: letter, 1283

Neutrophil responsiveness in cystic fibrosis patients is affectedby clinical state, Suppl.3.A58

Nutrition, diabetes, pancreatic function and survival in aBirmingham cystic fibrosis clinic, Suppl.3.A47

Nutrition and survival in cystic fibrosis: editorial, 971Outcome of 72 pregnancies in 55 CF women: a UnitedKingdom survey 1977-1995, Suppl.3.A50

Outcome for patients colonised with Burkholderia cepacia in aBirmingham adult cystic fibrosis clinic and the end of anepidemic, 374

Physiotherapy and nebulised drug use in a Birmingham adultcystic fibrosis unit: patient practice, knowledge and adher-ence, Suppl.3.A48

Progress in treatment in a Birmingham adult cystic fibrosisclinic slows functional decline, Suppl.3.A48

Protease content of circulating neutrophils from patients withcystic fibrosis, Suppl.3.A58

Pseudomonas aeruginosa adherence to cystic fibrosis respiratoryepithelium is reduced by anti-asialo GM1 antibody andneuraminidase inhibition, Suppl.3.A57

Quality of life in adults with cystic fibrosis, 936Quantitative analysis of the IgG and IgG subclass immune

responses to chromosomal Pseudomonas aeruginosa beta-lactamase in serum from patients with cystic fibrosis bywestern blotting and laser scanning densitometry, 733

Referral for lung transplantation: experience of a BirminghamAdult Cystic Fibrosis Centre between 1987 and 1994, 302:letters, 873, 1068

Responsiveness of circulating neutrophils from acutely infect-ed and stable cystic fibrosis patients to stimulation,Suppl.3.A58

Resting energy expenditure and oxygen cost of breathing inpatients with cystic fibrosis, 126

Results of pulmonary transplantation in patients with cysticfibrosis colonised by multiply resistant pseudomonads,Suppl.3.A23

Role of ELISA in the early diagnosis of Pseudomonas aeruginosainfection in cystic fibrosis, Suppl.3.A49

Role of recombinant human DNase in the treatment of patientswith cystic fibrosis: many promises, more problems, 750

Safety of aerosol administration of escalating doses of a cation-ic lipid (lipid 67) formulation to the lungs of normal volun-teers, Suppl.3.A6

Short term effect of nebulised human recombinant DNAse onneutrophil inflammatory products in cystic fibrosis,Suppl.3.A59

Symptomatic hypomagnesaemia in cystic fibrosis precipitatedby treatment of infection, Suppl.3.A48

Use of raised random blood glucose alone is unreliable in thediagnosis of cystic fibrosis related diabetes, Suppl.3.A48

CytokinesCytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in patients with high

altitude pulmonary oedema at moderate altitude in Japan, 739Flow cytometric analysis of cytokine production in the lym-

phocytic alveolitis of sarcoidosis, Suppl.3.A12Increased inflammatory cytokines and new collagen formation

in cutaneous tuberculosis and sarcoidosis, 1253Cytomegalovirus pneumonitis, Quantitative PCR for the

diagnosis of CMV disease in lung and heart transplant,Suppl.3.A23

Daytime sleepinessComparison of a behavioural test to assess daytime sleepiness

with the traditional MWT, Suppl.3.A77Inter-observer variability in the assessment of EEG arousal,

Suppl.3.A76Death certificatesAccuracy of mortality data for interstitial lung diseases in New

Mexico, USA, 717

Subject index

Accuracy of recording of deaths from asthma in the UK: thefalse negative rate, 924


Influence on mortality trends of 'false positive' asthma deathcertification in elderly subjects, Suppl.3.A22

Deaths, Accuracy of recording of deaths from asthma in the UK:the false negative rate, 924

Decortication, Pleural non-Hodgkin's lymphoma arising in apatient with a chronic pyothorax, 103; commentary, 107

Delayed inhalation, Effect of multiple actuations, delayedinhalation and antistatic treatment on the lung bioavailabilityof salbutamol via a spacer device, 981

Demand oxygen delivery system, Comparison of the efficacyof a demand oxygen delivery system with continuous low flowoxygen in subjects with stable COPD and severe oxygen desat-uration on walking, 831

Dental implications, Dental implications of obstructive sleepapnoea, Suppl.3.A78

Dental surgery, Pneumomediastinum secondary to use of ahigh speed air turbine drill during a dental extraction, 339;commentary, 340

DexamethasoneMeasurement of pulmonary status and surfactant protein lev-

els during dexamethasone treatment of neonatal respiratorydistress syndrome, 907

Steroids, surfactant and lung disease: editorial, 880Diabetes

Cystic fibrosis related diabetes: a retrospective survey of adultcystic fibrosis patients of Royal Brompton Hospital from1966-1996, Suppl.3.A47

Free radical activity and antioxidant levels in serum of diabet-ic and non-diabetic cystic fibrosis patients, Suppl.3.A59

Nutrition, diabetes, pancreatic function and survival in aBirmingham cystic fibrosis clinic, Suppl.3.A47

Pulmonary actinomycosis appearing as a "ball-in-hole" onchest radiography and bronchoscopy, 221; commentary, 226:letter, 1168

Use of raised random blood glucose alone is unreliable in thediagnosis of cystic fibrosis related diabetes, Suppl.3.A48

Diagnostic delay, Delays in the diagnosis and surgical treat-ment of lung cancer, 903

DiaphragmClinical assessment of diaphragm strength by cervical magnet-

ic stimulation of the phrenic nerves, 1239Contractile properties of the elderly human diaphragm,

Suppl.3.A16Diaphragm and quadriceps strength in chronic heart failure,

Suppl.3.A21Diaphragm strength measured using magnetic phrenic nerve

stimulation in the intensive care unit, Suppl.3.A45Effects of lung volume and fatigue on evoked diaphragmatic

phonomyogram in normal subjects, 705Frequency dependence of the length-tension relationship of

the diaphragm in man, Suppl.3.A21Diaphragmatic pacemaker, Transdiaphragmatic pressure

in quadriplegic individuals ventilated by diaphragmaticpacemaker, 420

Diesel exhaust particulates, Diesel exhaust particulatesenhance the release of pro-inflammatory mediators fromhuman bronchial epithelial cells in vitro, Suppl.3.A54

Diffuse panbronchiolitis, Diffuse panbronchiolitis in an Asianimmigrant, 1065

Directly observed intermittent therapy, Evaluation of adirectly observed six month fully intermittent treatment regimenfor tuberculosis in patients suspected of poor compliance, 1130

Directly observed therapy, A programme of directly observedtherapy for tuberculosis in London, Suppl.3.A32

Distilled water challenge, Effect of loratadine, an HI antihis-tamine, on induced cough in non-asthmatic patients withchronic cough, 810

Diurnal variation, Comparison of mean daily diurnal variationin peak expiratory flow and FEV1, Suppl.3.A43

DNA content, In vivo effects of recombinant human DNase Ion sputum in patients with cystic fibrosis, 119

DNA fingerprintingDNA fingerprinting of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a tool for

prevention and control, Suppl.3.A34Epidemimology and molecular ecology of Mycobacterium

tuberculosis from clinical sources: DNA fingerprinting ofM. tuberculosis isolates from clinical specimens,Suppl.3.A33

1301

DNA:liposome complexes, Divided doses of DNA:liposomecomplexes produce suboptimal gene expression for a givenDNA dose, Suppl.3.A5

Domiciliary ventilation, Domiciliary ventilation in chronicobstructive pulmonary disease: where are we? editorial, 455

Donors, Comparison of bronchoscopic diagnostic techniqueswith histological findings in brain dead organ donors withoutsuspected pneumonia, 929

Doppler assessment, Doppler assessment of pulmonaryhaemodynamics in chronic hypoxic lung disease: editorial, 9

Doxapram, Comparison of the acute effects on gas exchange ofnasal ventilation and doxapram in exacerbations of chronicobstructive pulmonary disease, 1048

Drug addiction, Lung disease induced by drug addiction: letter,556

Drug administration, Inhalational drug delivery from sevendifferent spacer devices, 835

Drug discovery, In vivo veritas: the continuing importance ofdiscoveries in complex biosystems, 441

Drug resistanceDetection of the multidrug resistance marker P-glycoprotein by

immunohistochemistry in malignant lung tumours, 526Drug resistant tuberculosis in England and Wales, 1993-1995,

Suppl.3.A8Rapid detection of MDR-TB in clinical samples,

Suppl.3.A32Risk factors for drug resistance in patients with tuberculosis in

England and Wales 1993-94, Suppl.3.A8Dry powder inhalerComparison of the systemic effects of salbutamol and terbu-

taline when inhaled from a metered dose inhaler or as a drypowder in healthy volunteers, Suppl.3.A72

Improving the delivery efficiency of dry powder inhalers byadding fine carrier particles to powder formulations,Suppl.3.A74

In vitro assessment of drug delivery through an endotrachealtube using a dry powder inhaler delivery system, 75

In vitro deposition of lactose carrier from dry powder inhalerformulations, Suppl.3.A74

Particle size selection device for use with the Turbohaler, 537Dysphonia, Comparison of pMDI plus Nebuhaler andTurbohaler in asthmatic patients with dysphonia,Suppl.3.A74

Dyspnoea, Respiratory sensation during bronchial challengetesting with methacholine, sodium metabisulphite, and adeno-sine monophosphate, 793

Ecstasy, Ecstasy induced pneumomediastinum, 960: commen-tary, 962

Editorial Office, Thorax: from the new Editorial Office, 561EEG arousals

Detection of cortical EEG arousals from a neural networkanalysis, Suppl.3.A76

Inter-observer variability in the assessment of EEG arousal,Suppl.3.A76

Relationship between autonomic arousals, EEG arousals, res-piratory events and subjective sleepiness in patients under-going investigation for obstructive sleep apnoea,Suppl.3.A76

Eicosanoid metabolism, Effect of prostaglandin E2 oneicosanoid release by human bronchial biopsy specimens fromnormal and inflamed mucosa, 919

Eicosanoids, Eicosanoid mediator expression in mononuclearand polymorphonuclear cells in normal subjects and patientswith atopic asthma and cystic fibrosis, 1223

Eikenella corrodens, Pleuropulmonary infection with chestwall infiltration by Eikenella corrodens, 871

Elastic equilibrium volume, Difference between functionalresidual capacity and elastic equilibrium volume in patientswith chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 415

ElderlyContractile properties of the elderly human diaphragm,

Suppl.3.A16Increasing incidence of tuberculosis in the young and elderly in

Scotland, 140Influence on mortality trends of 'false positive' asthma death

certification in elderly subjects, Suppl.3.A22Long-term benefits of pulmonary rehabilitation in elderly

patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,Suppl.3.A16

Respiratory symptoms, smoking and mortality in older menand women: an epidemiological study, Suppl.3.A16

1302

Electrostatic charge, Effect of electrostatic charge, flow, delayand multiple actuations on the in vitro delivery of salbutamolfrom different small volume spacers for infants, 985

ELISA, The role ofELISA in the early diagnosis of Pseudomonasaeruginosa infection in cystic fibrosis, Suppl.3.A49

Embolisation, Chemodectoma of the trachea, 341Emergency care, Improving the emergency care of asthma

patients by London ambulance service, Suppl.3.A29Emphysema

Identification of a novel conformation of ot1-antichymotrypsin:an explanation for the inactive species found in lung lavagefrom patients with chronic bronchitis and emphysema,Suppl.3.A51

Matrix metalloproteinases in emphysema, Suppl.3.A51Matrix metalloproteinases expression by by alveolar

macrophages in emphysema, Suppl.3.A51Pneumomediastinum secondary to use of a high speed air tur-

bine drill during a dental extraction, 339; commentary, 340EmpyemaCommentary: pleural empyema and malignancy - another

dimension, 107Malignant pleural effusion infected with Salmonella enteritidis,

104; commentary, 107Pleural effusion and toxocariasis, 106; commentary, 107

End tidal inspiratory activity, Histamine induced bron-choconstriction and end tidal inspiratory activity in man, 1192

Endobronchial lesions, Whipple's disease presenting with lunginvolvement, 343

Endobronchial lysine aspirin, Effect of endobronchial aspirinchallenge on inflammatory cells in bronchial biopsy samplesfrom aspirin-sensitive asthmatic subjects, 64

Endocrine cells, Endocrine cells in tumour-bearing lungs, 721Endoglin, A reduction in functional endoglin leads to pul-monary arteriovenous malformations in hereditary haemor-rhagic telangiectasia, Suppl.3.A37

EndometriosisBronchoscopic and angiographic findings in tracheobronchial

endometriosis, 1060: commentary, 1064Pleural fluid accumulation due to intra-abdominal

endometriosis: a case report and review of the literature,1062: commentary, 1064

Endorphins, Effects of naloxone of upper airway collapsibilityin normal sleeping subjects, 851

Endothelial dysfunction, Peroxynitrite is a vasodilator of ratpulmonary arteries at concentrations that do not cause

endothelial dysfunction, Suppl.3.A35Endothelin-1, Endothelin-I levels in induced sputum from

asthmatics, normal subjects and smokers - comparison withplasma and saliva levels, Suppl.3.A81

EndotheliumImpairment of endothelium-dependent pulmonary vasodila-

tion in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension, 89Pulmonary hypertension: NO therapy?, 762

Endotracheal tube, In vitro assessment of drug deliverythrough an endotracheal tube using a dry powder inhaler deliv-ery system, 75

Eosinophilia, Pleural effusion and toxocariasis, 106; commen-

tary, 107Eosinophils

Effect of endobronchial aspirin challenge on inflammatorycells in bronchial biopsy samples from aspirin-sensitive asth-matic subjects, 64

Nedocromil sodium attenuates bronchial epithelial cell-induced eosinophil adhesion and release of sICAM- fromendothelial cells in vitro, Suppl.3.A39

Priming effect of platelet activating factor on leukotriene C4from stimulated eosinophils of asthmatic patients, 155

EpidemiologyAsthma, airways responsiveness and air pollution in two con-

trasting districts of northern England, 169Multiple pathogens in adult patients admitted with commun-

ity-acquired pneumonia: a one year prospective study of 346consecutive patients, 179

Epithelial cellsEffect of exposure to silica on human alveolar macrophages in

supporting growth activity in type II epithelial cells, 781Epithelial cells are a source for macrophage migration inhibit-

ory factor- potential role in acute respiratory distress syn-drome, Suppl.3.A54

Epithelial lining fluid, Modelling the interaction betweenozone and pulmonary epithelial lining fluid antioxidants,Suppl.3.A52

Subject index

Epithelial permeability, Epithelial permeability in vivo and invitro and TNFa in non-smokers and smokers, Suppl.3.A52

Epstein-Barr virusCryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis does not appear associated

with Epstein-Barr virus infection, Suppl.3.A11Epstein-Barr virus associated graft failure following heart/lung

transplantation, 1160: commentary, 1164Erythromycin, Diffuse panbronchiolitis in an Asian immigrant,

1065Ethnic groups, Scottish national survey of tuberculosis notifi-

cations 1993 with special reference to the prevalence of HIVseropositivity, 78

Ethnicity, Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction by ethnicityand presence of asthma in British nine year olds, 1134

EuroCollins solution, Comparison of a modified bicarbonatebuffer and EuroCollins solution for hypothermic storage of ratlungs: effect on lung function, Suppl.3.A69

European Union, Survey of health monitoring data atEuropean level for asthma, Suppl.3.A63

ExerciseCarbon dioxide replacement during exercise in patients with

idiopathic hyperventilation, Suppl.3.A21Dose response study of ipratropium bromide aerosol on maxi-mum exercise performance in stable patients with chronicobstructive pulmonary disease, 48

Effect of inhaled morphine on the development of breathlessnessduring exercise in patients with chronic lung disease, 596

Effects of regular salmeterol on lung function and exercisecapacity in patients with chronic obstructive airways disease,689

Evaluation of bronchial responsiveness to exercise in childrenas an objective measure of asthma in epidemiological sur-veys, 590



Exercise-induced bronchospasm at low temperature in eliterunners, 628

Exercise induced bronchospasm in Ghana: prevalence inurban and rural children, Suppl.3.A42

Is ventilatory breakaway in heavy exercise really due tometabolic acidaemia? Suppl.3.A20

Exhaled nitric oxide, Exhaled nitric oxide: a new lung functiontest: editorial, 233

Expiratory flow, Development of OASYS-2: a system for theanalysis of serial measurement of peak expiratory flow in work-ers with suspected occupational asthma, 484

External irradiation, High dose rate brachytherapy for thelocal control of endobronchial carcinoma following externalirradiation, 354

Extracellular matrix, Function at the junction: dynamic inter-actions between lung cells and extracellular matrix, 956

"F-Fluorodeoxyglucose, "F-Fluorodeoxyglucose PET scans inlung cancer, Suppl 2.16

Farmer's lung, Effect of contact avoidance or treatment withoral prednisolone on bronchoalveolar lavage surfactant proteinA levels in subjects with farmer's lung, 1210

Fatigue, Effects of lung volume and fatigue on evoked diaphrag-matic phonomyogram in normal subjects, 705

FenoterolEffects of prior treatment with salmeterol and formoterol on

airway and systemic P2 responses to fenoterol, 585Risk of severe life threatening asthma: editorial, 1073Risk of severe life threatening asthma and a agonist type: an

example of confounding by severity, 1093Fetal airway smooth muscle cells, Serum dependence of oxy-gen stimulated DNA synthesis in human fetal airway smoothmuscle cells: implications for the pathogenesis of bronchopul-monary dysplasia, Suppl.3.A15

Fetal anomalies, Is the risk of fetal anomalies greater in moth-ers with cystic fibrosis?, Suppl.3.A50

Fibreoptic bronchoscopyComparison of oximetry and transcutaneous carbon dioxide

levels in patients undergoing fibreoptic bronchoscopy,Suppl.3.A70

Fibreoptic bronchoscopy for diagnosis of isolated tuberculousmediastinal lymphadenopathy: letter, 967

Safety of fibreoptic bronchoscopy in asthmatic and controlsubjects and effect on asthma control over two weeks,664

Subject index

Treatment of large airway obstruction in lung cancer usingexpandable metal stents inserted under direct vision via thefibreoptic bronchoscope, 248

Fibrinolysis, The systemic fibrinolytic activity of intra-pleuralstreptokinase in humans, Suppl.3.A67

Fine needle biopsy, Influence of thoracic CT and guided fineneedle biopsy on management of solitary pulmonary nodules <3 cm in diameter, Suppl.3.A7

Finger clubbing, Finger clubbing in malignant pleuralmesothelioma, Suppl.3.A68

Flow cytometry, Flow cytometric analysis of cytokine pro-duction in the lymphocytic alveolitis of sarcoidosis,Suppl.3.A12

Fluid phase ECP, Reproducibility of induced sputum cellcounts and fluid phase ECP, Suppl.3.A80

Fluticasone, Systemic effects of high dose inhaled steroids(budesonide, beclomethasone and fluticasone) taken via largevolume spacer, Suppl.3.A71

Fluticasone propionateAdrenal suppression with inhaled budesonide and fluticasone


Adrenal suppression with inhaled fluticasone propionate andtriamcinolone acetonide in normal subjects, Suppl.3.A72



Effect of fluticasone propionate aqueous nasal spray on aller-gen-induced inflammatory changes in the nasal airways ofallergic rhiitics following exposure for six hours to 400ppbnitrogen dioxide, Suppl.3.A40

Fluticasone propionate and beclomethasone dipropionateattenuate ozone-induced release of inflammatory cytokinesfrom nasal epithelial cells of atopic rhinitic subjects,Suppl.3.A39

Phase III open parallel group study to compare the effects ofinhaled fluticasone propionate (500mcg bd) and budes-onide (800mcg bd) on bone density measurements over 1year in stable chronic asthmatics, Suppl.3.A72


Flutter bag, Treatment of pneumothorax during pregnancy,338; commentary, 340

Foods, Assessment of food chemical intolerance in adult asth-matic subjects, 805

Foradil, Bricanyl Turbohaler, Serevent Accuhaler and Foradilaerolizer comparative drug delivery, Suppl.3.A73

Forced expiratory volumeComparison of mean daily diurnal variation in peak expiratory

flow and FEVI, Suppl.3.A43Longitudinal effects of change in body mass on measurements

of ventilatory capacity, 699Predicted lung function for Asians, Suppl.3.A44Rate of decline of forced expiratory volume in one second

(FEVi) predicts mortality from coronary heart disease inmen and women, Suppl.3.A23

Reversibility to bronchodilators: are forced expiratorymanoeuvres the best? Suppl.3.A46

Time series analysis of FEV, in patients with exacerbations ofCOPD, Suppl.3.A65

Forced vital capacity, Predicted lung function for Asians,Suppl.3.A44

FormoterolEffects of prior treatment with salmeterol and formoterol on

airway and systemic 1 responses to fenoterol, 585Evaluation of the P2 adrenoceptor agonist/antagonist activity of

formoterol and salmeterol, 54Free radical activity, Free radical activity and antioxidant

levels in serum of diabetic and non-diabetic cystic fibrosispatients, Suppl.3.A59

FrusemideAttenuation of propranolol-induced bronchoconstriction by

nebulised frusemide, Suppl.3.A40Frusemide and cyclosporin do not inhibit early antigen response

in sensitised guinea pig tracheal tubes, Suppl.3.A40Functional antagonism, Functional antagonism: toleranceproduced by inhaled P2 agonists, 1051

Functional residual capacity, Difference between functionalresidual capacity and elastic equilibrium volume in patientswith chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 415

1303

Functional upper airways obstruction, Functional upper air-ways obstruction: two patients with persistent symptoms, 965

Fungal atopy, Is Fusarium species a cause of fungal atopy inadult cystic fibrosis? Suppl.3.A49

Fungi, Occupational asthma in a coal miner, 867Fusarium, Is Fusarium species a cause of fungal atopy in adult

cystic fibrosis? Suppl.3.A49FVC test, Assessment of a new transtelephonic portable spiro-

meter, 407

Galactosidase gene, In vivo transfer of the 1-galactosidase geneinto malignant mesothelioma cells induces tumour rejection,Suppl.3.A6

Gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase, Transcriptionalinduction of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase by oxidantsis associated with AP-1 in human alveolar epithelial cells,Suppl.3.A52

Gammaidelta cells, Gamma/delta cells in tissue from patientswith sarcoidosis, 1123

Gas exchange, Comparison of the acute effects on gas exchangeof nasal ventilation and doxapram in exacerbations of chronicobstructive pulmonary disease, 1048

Gastric intramural pH, Gastric intramural pH in mechanical-ly ventilated patients, 606

Gastric pressure, Abdominal muscle strength measured bygastric pressure during maximal cough, Suppl.3.A45

Gastrin, Gastrin levels in serum and bronchoalveolar lavagefluid of patients with lung cancer: comparison with patientswith chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 1270

Gastrostomy feeding, Gastrostomy feeding significantlyimproves lung function in children with cystic fibrosis,Suppl.3.A47

General practice (practitioners)Audit of an open access lung function laboratory service for

general practitioners (1991-1996), Suppl.3.A45COPD guidelines and general practice - use of spirometers,

Suppl.3.A44Relationship between hospital admissions for asthma and pre-

scribing in general practice, Suppl.3.A27Treatment of asthma and COPD in a general practice popula-

tion, Suppl.3.A27GenesAtopy, airway responsiveness, and genes, Suppl.2.55Divided doses of DNA:liposome complexes produce subopti-

mal gene expression for a given DNA dose, Suppl.3.A5Human alpha 1-antitrypsin gene transfer with cationic lipo-

somes in vitro and in vivo, Suppl.3.A6In vitro and ex vivo approaches to determining the mecha-

nisms of liposome-mediated gene transfer, Suppl.3.A5Induction of interleukin 6 and interleukin 8 expression by

Broncho-Vaxom (OM-86 BV) via C-Fos/serum responsiveelement, 150

Safety of aerosol administration of escalating doses of a cation-ic lipid (lipid 67) formulation to the lungs of normal volun-teers, Suppl.3.A6

Genetics, Genetic analysis of IgE: editorial, 458Genotypes, Incidence of hepatitis C virus infection in Italian

patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, 315Genotypic variants, Genotypic variants of HIV-1 from periph-

eral blood and lung of AIDS patients, Suppl.3.A3Ghana, Exercise induced bronchospasm in Ghana: prevalence

in urban and rural children, Suppl.3.A42Giant pulmonary bulla, Spontaneous regression of a giant pul-monary bulla, 549: letter, 1283

Glasgow, Clinical features and epidemiology of malignant pleu-ral mesothelioma in Glasgow 1987-92, Suppl.3.A68

Glu27 P2-adrenoceptor polymorphism, The Glu27 12-adrenoceptor polymorphism is associated with childhood asth-ma, Suppl.3.A15

GlucocorticosteroidsGlucocorticosteroids and pulmonary sarcoidosis: editorial, 229Lipocortin 1: glucocorticoids caught in the act?, 1057NO or no NO in asthma?, 218

Glucose, The use of raised random blood glucose alone is unre-liable in the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis related diabetes,Suppl.3.A48

GlutathioneMechanisms of cigarette smoke induced increased airspace

permeability, 465Transcriptional induction of gamma-glutamyl-cysteine syn-

thetase by oxidants is associated with AP-1 in human alve-olar epithelial cells, Suppl.3.A52

1304

Glutathione peroxidase, Pulmonary effects of short term sele-nium deficiency, 479

Gorham's syndromeBilateral chylothorax complicating massive osteolysis

(Gorham's syndrome), 1277: commentary, 1279Gorham's syndrome: a usually fatal cause of pleural effusion

treated successfully with radiotherapy, 1275: commentary,1279

Graft failure, Epstein-Barr virus associated graft failure follow-ing heart/lung transplantation, 1160: commentary, 1164

Granulocyte-macrophage CSF, Role of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in thepathogenesis of adult pulmonary histiocytosis X, 611

Granuloma, Increased inflammatory cytokines and new colla-gen formation in cutaneous tuberculosis and sarcoidosis, 1253

Growth, Asthma, its treatment and social deprivation - theeffect on growth in children, Suppl.3.A14

Growth factors, Cultured human airway smooth muscle cellsrelease PGE2 in response to bradykinin, growth factors andarachidonic acid, Suppl.3.A38

Growth hormone, Growth hormone and insulin-like growthfactor-i gene expression in bronchoalveolar lavage cells usingRT-PCR, Suppl.3.A12

Hi antihistamine, Effect of loratadine, an HI antihistamine, oninduced cough in non-asthmatic patients with chronic cough,810

Haemophilus influenzae endotoxin, The effect ofHaemophilusinfluenzae endotoxin on the expression of transcription factorsby cultured human bronchial epithelial cells and the influenceof anti-inflammatory agents, Suppl.3.A3

HaemoptysisBronchoscopic and angiographic findings in tracheobronchial

endometriosis, 1060: commentary, 1064Chemodectoma of the trachea, 341Topical treatment of life threatening haemoptysis from

aspergillomas, 253Hand held turbine spirometer, Long term performance of ahand held spirometer, 973

Health care workersOccupational asthma due to latex in health care workers, 1280Occupational asthma in healthcare workers: results from the

Shield Surveillance Scheme in the West Midlands, UK,Suppl.3.A40

The study of occupational asthma surveillance in hospitals inthe West Midlands, UK, Suppl.3.A41

Tuberculosis in health care workers in the West Midlands 1992to 1995, Suppl.3.A9

Health perceptions, Health perceptions and treatment adher-ence in adults with cystic fibrosis, 1233

Health service utilisationAccessibility and health service utilisation for asthma in

Norfolk, England, Suppl.3.A29Social deprivation, childhood asthma and health service utili-

sation, Suppl.3.A29Heart failureComparison of different levels of nasal continuous positive air-

way pressure in patients with severe congestive heart failurein sinus rhythm and atrial fibrillation, Suppl.3.A21

Coronary ligated rabbit as a model for pulmonary hyperten-sion secondary to heart failure: role of 5-hydroxy-tryptamine, Suppl.3.A35

Diaphragm and quadriceps strength in chronic heart failure,Suppl.3.A21

Heart rate variability, The effect of inhaled beta agonists andanticholinergic agents upon heart rate variability, Suppl.3.A60

Heart transplantation, Quantitative PCR for the diagnosis ofCMV disease in lung and heart transplant, Suppl.3.A23

Heart/lung transplantation, Epstein-Barr virus associatedgraft failure following heart/lung transplantation, 1160: com-mentary, 1164

Hepatitis C virusBronchoalveolar lavage fluid findings in patients with chronic

hepatitis C virus infection, 312Incidence of hepatitis C virus infection in Italian patients with

idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, 315Hepatotoxicity

Hepatotoxicity of antituberculosis drugs: editorial, 111: letters,873, 1168

Risk factors for hepatotoxicity from antituberculosis drugs: acase-control study, 132

Subject index

Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia, A reduction infunctional endoglin leads to pulmonary arteriovenous malfor-mations in hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia,Suppl.3.A37

High altitude, Effect of allergen avoidance at high altitude ondirect and indirect bronchial hyperresponsiveness and markersof inflammation in children with allergic asthma, 582

High altitude pulmonary oedema, Cytokines in bron-choalveolar lavage fluid in patients with high altitude pul-monary oedema at moderate altitude in Japan, 739

High dose rate endobronchial brachytherapyHigh dose rate brachytherapy for the local control of endo-

bronchial carcinoma following external irradiation, 354High dose rate endobronchial brachytherapy for the treatment

of lung cancer: current status and indications: editorial, 345High dose-rate intraluminal radiotherapy, High dose-rate

intraluminal radiotherapy for tracheal carcinoma,Suppl.3.A55

High resolution computed tomographyChronic sputum production: correlations between clinical fea-

tures and findings on high resolution computed tomograph-ic scanning of the chest, 914

Computed tomography-guided bronchoalveolar lavage in idio-pathic pulmonary fibrosis, 841

High resolution computed tomographic findings in pulmonarytuberculosis, 397

Hilar lymphadenopathy, Silicosis presenting as bilateral hilarlymphadenopathy, 1165

HistamineEffect of allergen challenge on airway responsiveness to his-

tamine and sodium metabisulphite in mild asthma, 1185Histamine induced bronchoconstriction and end tidal inspira-

tory activity in man, 1192Histiocytosis X, Role of granulocyte-macrophage colony stim-

ulating factor (GM-CSF) in the pathogenesis of adult pul-monary histiocytosis X, 611

Histological confirmation rates, Histological confirmationrates and survival in lung cancer in Yorkshire, Suppl.3.A56

HIVCulture positive tuberculosis in HIV seropositive patients in

the UK, 1993-94, Suppl.3.A9Interactions between opportunistic micro-organisms and HIV

in the lung: editorial, 875Lack of skin test reactivity to common mycobacterial antigens

in human immunodeficiency virus infected individuals withhigh CD4 counts, 932

Pneumocystis carinii in a patient with pulmonary sarcoidosisand idiopathic CD4+ T lymphocytopenia, 446: commentary,448

Pulmonary capillary blood volume in patients with probablepulmonary Kaposi's sarcoma, 204

Pulmonary diseases and HIV infection: letter, 228Scottish national survey of tuberculosis notifications 1993 with

special reference to the prevalence of HIV seropositivity, 78HIV-1

Alveolar lymphocytes and macrophages are an importantsource of HIV-1 in patients with AIDS, Suppl.3.A3

Genotypic variants of HIV-1 from peripheral blood and lung ofAIDS patients, Suppl.3.A3

HLA-DR, Human CD4+ T-cell recognition of influenza Ahaemagglutinin is precisely defined by HLA-DR, Suppl.3.A2

HLA-typing, HLA-typing in patients with sleep apnoea/hypop-noea syndrome, Suppl.3.A78

Home care, Determinants of health-related quality of life inpatients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 39

Home nebulisers, Do home nebulisers prevent readmission forasthma, Suppl.3.A28

Home oximetryDistrict general hospital sleep service based on home oximetry,

Suppl.3.A5Home oximetry versus full polysomnography in the detection

of obstructive sleep apnoea, Suppl.3.A4Home rehabilitation, Pulmonary rehabilitation at home: edito-

rial, 117: letter, 1068Hong Kong, Long-term trends in tuberculosis: comparison of

age-cohort data in Hong Kong and England and Wales,Suppl.3.A9

Hospital admissions, One years asthma admissions inCornwall - still deficiencies in basic care, Suppl.3.A62

Hospitalisation, An analysis of decisions by European generalpractitioners to admit to hospital patients with lower respirato-ry tract infections, 1017

Subject index

House dust mite allergenCigarette smoke enhances house dust mite allergen (Der pl)-

induced changes in permeability ofhuman bronchial epithe-lial cell cultures, Suppl.3.A51

House dust mite allergen accumulation on sheepskins,Suppl.3.A42

Human papillomavirus, Presence of human papillomavirusDNA and abnormal p53 protein accumulation in lung carci-noma, 887

Human pulmonary artery endothelial cells, Interleukin 13induces neutrophil adhesion to human pulmonary arteryendothelial cells, Suppl.3.A53

Human pulmonary artery endothelial monolayers, An invitro model of neutrophil migration across human pulmonaryartery endothelial monolayers, Suppl.3.A53

Human rhinoviruses, Pre-exposure of a rhinoviral-infectedhuman bronchial epithelial cell line to cytokines affects surfaceICAM-1 levels, Suppl.3.A2

Humoral control, Humoral control of airway tone: editorial, 461Hyaline membrane disease, Surfactant replacement therapy,

11371-Hydroxyphenazine, Dysregulation of calcium metabolism inhuman neutrophils exposed to the Pseudomonas aeruginosa pig-ment 1-hydroxyphenazine, Suppl.3.A58

5-Hydroxytryptamine, The coronary ligated rabbit as a modelfor pulmonary hypertension secondary to heart failure: role of5-hydroxytryptamine, Suppl.3.A35

Hypercapnia, Breathing pattern and carbon dioxide retentionin severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 677

Hypercapnic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,Negative pressure ventilation in acute hypercapnic chronicobstructive pulmonary disease: editorial, 1069

Hypercapnic respiratory failure, Nasal intermittent positivepressure ventilation in patients with cystic fibrosis and hyper-capnic respiratory failure, Suppl.3.A24

HyperoxiaEffect of acute hyperoxia on the bronchodilator response to

salbutamol in stable asthmatic patients, 853Pulmonary effects of short term selenium deficiency, 479

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis, Hypersensitivity pneumonitisinduced by a smut fungus Ustilago esculenta, 650: commentary, 656

Hyperventilation, Carbon dioxide replacement during exercisein patients with idiopathic hyperventilation, Suppl.3.A21

Hypomagnesaemia, Symptomatic hypomagnesaemia in cysticfibrosis precipitated by treatment of infection, Suppl.3.A48

HypoxaemiaEffect of regression dilution bias on the nocturnal hypoxaemia

v blood pressure relationship, Suppl.3.A79Quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary

disease and severe hypoxaemia, 44Hypoxanthine, Pro-oxidant hypoxanthine and xanthine in theplasma of patients with ARDS, Suppl.3.A53

HypoxiaAutonomic dysfunction in patients with nocturnal hypoventila-

tion, Suppl.3.A11Cell signalling in pulmonary vascular cells: do not shoot the

messenger!, 864Pro-oxidant hypoxanthine and xanthine in the plasma of

patients with ARDS, Suppl.3.A53Hypoxic hypercapnic coma, Intermittent negative pressure

ventilation in the treatment of hypoxic hypercapnic coma inchronic respiratory insufficiency, 1077

ICAM-1Nedocromil sodium attenuates bronchial epithelial cell-

induced eosinophil adhesion and release of sICAM-1 fromendothelial cells in vitro, Suppl.3.A39

Pre-exposure of a rhinoviral-infected human bronchial epithe-lial cell line to cytokines affects surface ICAM-1 levels,Suppl.3.A2

'ICE' regimen, A phase II study of an intensive modified 'ICE'regimen in patients with good prognosis small cell lung cancer,Suppl.3.A54

Ifosfamide, A phase II of cisplatin, ifosfamide and increasingdosage of navelbine in unresectable non-small cell lung cancer,Suppl.3.A55

Immigration, Recent increases in tuberculosis notifications inLiverpool: the influence of immigration, Suppl.3.A33

Immune cell infiltrates, Immune cell infiltrates and prognosisin primary lung cancer, Suppl.3.A56

Immunoglobulin EGenetic analysis of IgE: editorial, 458

1305

Relationship of serum IgE concentration to level and rate ofdecline of pulmonary function: the Normative Aging Study,787

Immunoglobulin G, Quantitative analysis of the IgG and IgGsubclass immune responses to chromosomal Pseudomonas aerug-inosa beta-lactamase in serum from patients with cystic fibrosisby western blotting and laser scanning densitometry, 733

Inmunopathology, Relative effects of inhaled corticosteroidson immunopathology and physiology in asthma, 993

Immunoscintigraphy, Anti-CEA immunoscintigraphy andcomputed tomographic scanning in the preoperative evalua-tion of mediastinal lymph nodes in lung cancer, 359

Inmunosuppression, Aspergillosis in immunocompromisedpaediatric patients: associations with building hygiene, design,and indoor air, 256

Incremental threshold loading, Measurement of inspiratorymuscle performance using incremental threshold loading: anormal range, Suppl.3.A46

Indian subcontinentDifferences in asthma management between white European

and Indian subcontinent groups, Suppl.3.A30Do white European and Indian-subcontinent asthmatics differ

in their quality of life? Suppl.3.A30Inducible nitric oxide synthase, NO or no NO in asthma? 218Infants

Bronchiolitis and asthma in infancy and early childhood,Suppl.2.60

Effect of electrostatic charge, flow, delay and multiple actua-tions on the in vitro delivery of salbutamol from differentsmall volume spacers for infants, 985

Premorbid infant respiratory function and wheezing in the firstyear of life: a population based study in London,Suppl.3.A15

Tidal breathing parameters in the first week of life and subse-quent cough and wheeze, 815

Inflammatory activity, Inflammatory activity in sputumchronic bronchitis and bronchiectasis during clinical stability,Suppl.3.A81

Inflammatory cells, Phosphodiesterase inhibitors: Lily thePink's medicinal compound for asthma? 647

Inflammatory infiltrate, Relationship between the inflamma-tory infiltrate in bronchial biopsy specimens and clinical sever-ity of asthma in patients treated with inhaled steroids, 496

Inflammatory markersBlood and sputum sol inflammatory markers, Suppl.3.A80Interrelationships of inflammatory markers in bronchial dis-

ease, Suppl.3.A81Inflammatory mediators, Evidence for a relation between

metabolic derangements and increased levels of inflammatorymediators in a subgroup of patients with chronic obstructivepulmonary disease, 819

Influenza A haemagglutinin, Human CD4+ T-cell recogni-tion of influenza A haemagglutinin is precisely defined byHLA-DR, Suppl.3.A2

Influenza vaccinationEffect of influenza vaccination on airway responsiveness in

patients with stable asthma, Suppl.3.A2Simultaneous administration of influenza vaccine and 23-

valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in patientswith chronic respiratory disease, Suppl.3.A14

InhalationIncrease in non-specific bronchial hyperresponsiveness as an


Inhalational drug delivery from seven different spacer devices,835

Inhalation devices, Effect of electrostatic charge, flow, delayand multiple actuations on the in vitro delivery of salbutamolfrom different small volume spacers for infants, 985

Inhaled beclomethasone, Measuring systemic effects ofinhaled beclomethasone: letter, 968

Inhaled bronchodilators, Prevalence and treatment of chronicairways obstruction in adults over the age of 45, 164

Inhaled corticosteroidsAcute asthma during pregnancy, 411Adrenal suppression with inhaled budesonide and fluticasone



Relative effects of inhaled corticosteroids on immunopathol-ogy and physiology in asthma, 993

1306


Inhaled morphine, Effect of inhaled morphine on the develop-ment of breathlessness during exercise in patients with chron-ic lung disease, 596

InhalersAdrenal suppression with inhaled fluticasone propionate and

triamcinolone acetonide in normal subjects, Suppl.3.A72Comparison of the systemic effects of salbutamol and terbu-


Effectiveness of four different inhalers in COPD: letter, 454Improved delivery beclomethasone dipropionate 400 mcg daily

achieves equivalent asthma symptom control as 800 mcgBDP from conventional CFC inhalers, Suppl.3.A73

Improving the delivery efficiency of dry powder inhalers byadding fine carrier particles to powder formulations,Suppl.3.A74

In vitro deposition of lactose carrier from dry powder inhalerformulations, Suppl.3.A74

Inhaler technique among adult patients prescribed bron-chodilators, Suppl.3.A71

Inhaler use in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,Suppl.3.A66

Moderately severe asthma controlled at a significantly lowerdose from a new CFC-free steroid inhaler, Suppl.3.A73

Peak inspiratory flow through Turbuhaler in chronic obstruc-tive pulmonary disease, Suppl.3.A75

Pharmacokinetics of beclomethasone dipropionate from CFC-free ultrafine aerosol and conventional CFC inhalers inasthmatics, Suppl.3.A74



Turbohaler: objective assessment of patient generated flow,Suppl.3.A75

Inorganic mineral particles, Analysis and interpretation ofinorganic mineral particles in "lung" tissues, 327

Input impedance measurements, Effect of salbutamol oninput impedance measurements in laryngectomized subjectsduring tidal breathing, Suppl.3.A46

Inspiratory muscle performance, Measurement of inspirat-ory muscle performance using incremental threshold loading:a normal range, Suppl.3.A46

Inspiratory pressure support, Could inspiratory pressure sup-port be a useful adjunct in pulmonary rehabilitation?Suppl.3.A26

Insulin-like growth factor, Elevated expression of insulin-likegrowth factor binding protein-3 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluidof patients with pulmonary fibrosis, Suppl.3.A12

Insulin-like growth factor-1, Growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 gene expression in bronchoalveolar lavagecells using RT-PCR, Suppl.3.A12

Integrin, Function at the junction: dynamic interactionsbetween lung cells and extracellular matrix, 956

Intensive care unit, Diaphragm strength measured using mag-netic phrenic nerve stimulation in the intensive care unit,Suppl.3.A45

Intercellular adhesion molecule-INedocromil sodium attenuates bronchial epithelial cell-

induced eosinophil adhesion and release of sICAM-1 fromendothelial cells in vitro, Suppl.3.A.39

Pre-exposure of a rhinoviral-infected human bronchial epithe-lial cell line to cytokines affects surface ICAM- 1 levels,Suppl.3.A2

Interleukin-l1Interleukin 1, induces neutrophil adhesion to human pul-

monary artery endothelial cells, Suppl.3.A53Interleukin- 1P causes induction of cyclooxygenase-2 in cul-

tured human airway smooth muscle cells, Suppl.3.A39Interleukin-6, Circulating immunoreactive interleukin-6 in cys-

tic fibrosis, Suppl.3.A59Interleukin 10, Interleukin 10 (IL-10) regulation of tumour

necrosis factor ot (TNF-ac) from human alveolar macrophagesand peripheral blood monocytes, 143

Interleukins, Induction of interleukin 6 and interleukin 8expression by Broncho-Vaxom (OM-86 BV) via C-Fos/serumresponsive element, 150

Subject index

Intermittent negative pressure ventilation, Intermittent neg-ative pressure ventilation in the treatment of hypoxic hyper-capnic coma in chronic respiratory insufficiency, 1077

Intermittent positive pressure ventilation, Long term effectsof non-invasive intermittent positive pressure ventilation onchronic ventilatory failure due to COPD, Suppl.3.A10

Interstitial laser photocoagulation, Effects of interstitiallaser photocoagulation on normal lung parenchyma,Suppl.3.A8

Interstitial lung diseaseAccuracy of mortality data for interstitial lung diseases in New

Mexico, USA, 717Epidemic outbreak of interstitial lung disease in aerographics

textile workers - the "Ardystil syndrome": a first year followup, 94

Mortality rates from cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis in sevencountries, 711

Pulmonary infiltration after exposure to home renovation dust:histopathology and microanalysis, 654: commentary, 656

Interstitial lung fibrosis, Computed tomography-guided bron-choalveolar lavage in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, 841

Interstitial pneumonia, Partial resolution of acute interstitialpneumonia in native lung after single lung transplantation,1158: commentary, 1164

Intra-abdominal endometriosis, Pleural fluid accumulationdue to intra-abdominal endometriosis: a case report andreview of the literature, 1062: commentary, 1064

Intracellular organisms, Value of intracellular bacteriadetection in the diagnosis of ventilator associated pneumonia,378

Intracellular oxidative metabolism, Circulating neutrophilP2-integrin expression and intracellular oxidative metabolismin community acquired pneumonia, Suppl.3.A3

Intraluminal radiotherapy, High dose-rate intraluminal radio-therapy for tracheal carcinoma, Suppl.3.A55

Intrinsic activity, Evaluation of the P2 adrenoceptoragonist/antagonist activity of formoterol and salmeterol, 54

Ipratropium bromide aerosolDose response study of ipratropium bromide aerosol on maxi-mum exercise performance in stable patients with chronicobstructive pulmonary disease, 48

Optimal particle size for P2 agonist and anticholinergicaerosols in patients with severe airflow obstruction, 977

Irritants, Respiratory irritants encountered at work, 541IS6110, Comparison of polymerase chain reaction for IS6110and Amplicor in the diagnosis of tuberculosis, 320

Isoprenaline, Potentiation of the bronchoprotective effects ofvasoactive intestinal peptide, isoprenaline, and theophyllineagainst histamine challenge in anaesthetised guinea pigs byadrenomedullin, 1199

8-Isoprostaglandin (PG)F2a, 8-iso PGF2ot constricts anddilates rat pulmonary artery, Suppl.3.A36

8-Isoprostanes, Differential release of 8-isoprostanes andprostaglandin E2 by human pulmonary artery, Suppl.3.A36

Israel, Multiple pathogens in adult patients admitted with com-munity-acquired pneumonia: a one year prospective study of346 consecutive patients, 179

K+ channels, Scorpion venoms: taking the sting out of lung dis-ease, 546

Kaposi's sarcoma, Pulmonary capillary blood volume inpatients with probable pulmonary Kaposi's sarcoma, 204

L-arginine, Effect of L-arginine on renal blood flow in normalsubjects and patients with hypoxic chronic obstructive pul-monary disease, 516

L form, Growth of acid fast L forms from the blood of patientswith sarcoidosis, 530

Lactose, The in vitro deposition of lactose carrier from dry pow-der inhaler formulations, Suppl.3.A74

Langerhans' cells, Role of granulocyte-macrophage colonystimulating factor (GM-CSF) in the pathogenesis of adult pul-monary histiocytosis X, 611

Large volume spacer, Systemic effects of high dose inhaledsteroids (budesonide, beclomethasone and fluticasone) takenvia large volume spacer, Suppl.3.A71

Laryngectomized subjectsCough sensitivity to nebulised capsaicin and low chloride solu-

tion in laryngectomees, Suppl.3.A37Effect of salbutamol on input impedance measurements in

laryngectomized subjects during tidal breathing,Suppl.3.A46

Subject index

Larynx, Aspergillus laryngotracheobronchitis presenting as stri-dor in a patient with peripheral T cell lymphoma, 869

LatexOccupational asthma due to latex in health care workers, 1280Occupational asthma due to latex in a hospital administrative

employee, 452Leucocytes, Selectins and their counter receptors: a bitter sweet

attraction, 1155Leukotriene B4

Effect of a leukotriene B4 receptor antagonist, LY293111, on

allergen induced responses in asthma, 1178Leukotriene B4 and asthma: editorial, 1171Sputum leukotriene B4 during infective exacerbations of

chronic bronchitis, Suppl.3.A81Leukotriene C4, Priming effect of platelet activating factor on

leukotriene C4 from stimulated eosinophils of asthmaticpatients, 155

Leukotrienes, Eicosanoid mediator expression in mononuclearand polymorphonuclear cells in normal subjects and patientswith atopic asthma and cystic fibrosis, 1223

Lipid formulation, Safety of aerosol administration of escalat-ing doses of a cationic lipid (lipid 67) formulation to the lungsof normal volunteers, Suppl.3.A6

Lipocortin 1, Lipocortin 1: glucocorticoids caught in the act?,1057

Lipoid pneumonia, Severe lipoid pneumonia following attempt-ed suicide by mineral oil immersion, 652: commentary, 656

LiposomesHuman alpha 1-antitrypsin gene transfer with cationic lipo-

somes in vitro and in vivo, Suppl.3.A6In vitro and ex vivo approaches to determining the mecha-

nisms of liposome-mediated gene transfer, Suppl.3.A5Safety of aerosol administration of escalating doses of a cation-

ic lipid (lipid 67) formulation to the lungs of normal volun-teers, Suppl.3.A6

Liver function tests, Risk factors for hepatotoxicity from anti-tuberculosis drugs: a case-control study, 132

Loaded breathing, Reliability of a commercially availablethreshold loading device in healthy subjects and in patientswith chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 601

Lobectomy, Expandable metal stents for non-malignantbronchial obstruction, 963

Local anaesthesia, Local anaesthetic infiltration prior to arteri-al puncture: survey of current practice and a randomised dou-ble blind placebo controlled trial, Suppl.3.A67

Long-term oxygen therapyEvaluation of domiciliary long-term oxygen therapy with oxy-

gen concentrators, Suppl.3.A65Patient acceptability of a combined oxygen concentrator and

nebuliser unit, Suppl.3.A66Long term reproducibility, Long term performance of a handheld spirometer, 973

Loperamide, Modification of nasal membrane potential differ-ence with inhaled amiloride and loperamide in the cystic fibro-sis mouse, 1229

LoratadineEffect of loratadine, an HI antihistamine, on induced cough in

non-asthmatic patients with chronic cough, 810Effect of loratadine on nitrogen dioxide-induced release ofpro-

inflammatory mediators from cultured human bronchialepithelial cells, Suppl.3.A39

Low chloride solution, Cough sensitivity to nebulised capsaicinand low chloride solution in laryngectomees, Suppl.3.A37

Lower airway potential difference measurements, Lowerairway potential difference measurements in non-CF and CFsubjects, Suppl.3.A6

Lower respiratory tract illnessAcute lower respiratory tract illness in general practice: a study

of the views of 787 patients and their influence on antibioticprescribing, Suppl.3.A13

Analysis of decisions by European general practitioners toadmit to hospital patients with lower respiratory tract infec-tions, 1017

Influence of antibiotics and other factors on reconsultation foracute lower respiratory tract illness in primary care,

Suppl.3.A13Lung, Interactions between opportunistic micro-organisms andHIV in the lung: editorial, 875

Lung adenocarcinoma, Rising incidence of primary lung ade-nocarcinoma in north east Scotland, Suppl.3.A56

Lung bioavailability, Lung bioavailability of generic and inno-vator salbutamol metered dose inhalers, 325: letter, 658

1307

Lung cancer (carcinoma)Age and the treatment of lung cancer, 564Anti-CEA immunoscintigraphy and computed tomographic

scanning in the preoperative evaluation of mediastinallymph nodes in lung cancer, 359

Asbestos exposure, asbestosis, and asbestos-attributable lungcancer, Suppl.1.9

Carcinoma of the lung: warts and all: editorial, 878Cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis and lung cancer- is there an

association? Suppl.3.AllDelays in the diagnosis and surgical treatment of lung cancer,

903Detection of the multidrug resistance marker P-glycoprotein

by immunohistochemistry in malignant lung tumours, 526Endocrine cells in tumour-bearing lungs, 721Exposure of crystalline silica and risk of lung cancer: the epi-

demiological evidence, 97: letter, 772'8F-Fluorodeoxyglucose PET scans in lung cancer,

Suppl.2.16Factors affecting long term survival following resection for

lung cancer, 1266Gastrin levels in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of

patients with lung cancer: comparison with patients withchronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 1270

High dose rate brachytherapy for the local control of endo-bronchial carcinoma following external irradiation, 354

High dose rate endobronchial brachytherapy for the treatmentof lung cancer: current status and indications: editorial,345

Histological confirmation rates and survival in lung cancer inYorkshire, Suppl.3.A56

Immune cell infiltrates and prognosis in primary lung cancer,Suppl.3.A56

In-patients with lung cancer: a study of the extent of non-refer-ral to specialist care, Suppl.3.A7

Lung cancer: local review of services, Suppl.3.A57Lung cancer service provision in a large teaching hospital,

Suppl.3.A57Management of lung cancer: editorial, 557Management of lung cancer in South East Scotland, 569Named nurse programme for the care of patients with lung

cancer, Suppl.3.A57Presence of human papillomavirus DNA and abnormal p53

protein accumulation in lung carcinoma, 887Quality of life in patients with lung cancer: an important prog-

nostic factor, Suppl.3.A8Quality of life in patients with lung cancer: does the treatment

matter? Suppl.3.A56Reduced beta adrenoceptor density in vivo in human lung

tumours: a preliminary study with positron emission tomo-graphy, 727

Surgical treatment of 125 patients with non-small cell lungcancer and chest wall involvement, 846

Transtracheal aspiration using rigid bronchoscopy and a rigidneedle for investigating mediastinal masses, 197

Waiting times in lung cancer: what is achievable by a multidis-ciplinary team? Suppl.3.A7

Lung diseaseFunction at the junction: dynamic interactions between lung

cells and extracellular matrix, 956Lung disease induced by drug addiction: letter, 556

Lung fibroblasts, Induction of interleukin 6 and interleukin 8expression by Broncho-Vaxom (OM-86 BV) via C-Fos/serumresponsive element, 150

Lung functionCalibrating the calibrators: editorial, 969Effect of outdoor temperature on daily lung function and exac-

erbations in patients with COPD, Suppl.3.A19Effect of regular terbutaline on the airway response to inhaled

budesonide, 989Effects of cigarette smoking and duration of work on the lung

function of coal miners, Suppl.3.A43Effects of regular sahmeterol on lung function and exercise capac-

ity in patients with chronic obstructive airways disease, 689Exercise-induced bronchospasm at low temperature in elite

runners, 628Gastrostomy feeding significantly improves lung function in

children with cystic fibrosis, Suppl.3.A47Longitudinal effects of change in body mass on measurements

of ventilatory capacity, 699Lung function in healthy never smoking adults: reference val-

ues and lower limits of normal of a Swiss population, 277

1308

Lung function is generally preserved following peripheralblood stem cell transplant, Suppl.3.A47

Predicted lung function for Asians, Suppl.3.A44Lung function laboratory service, Audit of an open access

lung function laboratory service for general practitioners(1991-1996), Suppl.3.A45

Lung function testsActual/best function as a predictor in the long term outcome of

asthma, Suppl.3.A44Diagnosis of occupational asthma from serial measurements of

lung function at and away from work, 857Exhaled nitric oxide: a new lung function test: editorial, 233Interrelationships between diagnosed asthma, asthma-like

symptoms, and abnormal airway behaviour in adolescence:the Odense Schoolchild Study, 503

Re-audit of pulmonary function laboratories, Suppl.3.A69Review of the impact pulmonary function testing has in a large

teaching hospital in Birmingham, Suppl.3.A69Severity of impairment in lung function tests - comparison of

standardised residuals with percent predicted, Suppl.3.A43Lung immunology, Effect of contact avoidance or treatmentwith oral prednisolone on bronchoalveolar lavage surfactantprotein A levels in subjects with farmer's lung, 1210

Lung inflammation, Selectins and their counter receptors: a

bitter sweet attraction, 1155Lung injury, Acute lung injury following lung resection: is one

lung anaesthesia to blame? editorial, 114Lung parenchyma, Effects of interstitial laser photocoagulationon normal lung parenchyma, Suppl.3.A8

Lung scan abnormalities, Regional ventilation and perfusionlung scan abnormalities in atopic asthmatics following allergenchallenge: comparison with airway function and gas exchange,Suppl.3.A46

Lung scintigraphy, Role of spiral volumetric computed tomo-graphic scanning in the assessment of patients with clinical sus-

picion of pulmonary embolism and an abnormalventilation/perfusion lung scan, 23

Lung sounds, Use of tracheal auscultation for the assessment ofbronchial responsiveness in asthmatic children, 317

Lung storage, Comparison of a modified bicarbonate bufferand EuroCollins solution for hypothermic storage of rat lungs:effect on lung function, Suppl.3.A69

Lung tolerance, Pulmonary effects of short term selenium defi-ciency, 479

Lung transplantationComparison of a modified bicarbonate buffer and EuroCollins

solution for hypothermic storage of rat lungs: effect on lungfunction, Suppl.3.A69

Partial resolution of acute interstitial pneumonia in native lungafter single lung transplantation, 1158: commentary, 1164

Pregnancy following a single lung transplantation, 1162: com-

mentary, 1164Quantitative PCR for the diagnosis of CMV disease in lung

and heart transplant, Suppl.3.A23Radiolabelled neutrophil scans following pulmonary transplan-

tation, Suppl.3.A23Referral for lung transplantation: experience of a Birmingham

Adult Cystic Fibrosis Centre between 1987 and 1994, 302:letters, 873, 1068

Results of pulmonary transplantation in patients with cysticfibrosis colonised by multiply resistant pseudomonads,Suppl.3.A23

Lung tumoursEndocrine cells in tumour-bearing lungs, 721Reduced beta adrenoceptor density in vivo in human lung

tumours: a preliminary study with positron emission tomo-graphy, 727

Lung volume, Effects of lung volume and fatigue on evokeddiaphragmatic phonomyogram in normal subjects, 705

Lung volume reduction surgery, Lung volume reductionsurgery in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Suppl.2.29

LY293111, Effect of a leukotriene B4 receptor antagonist,LY293 111, on allergen induced responses in asthma, 1178

Lymph node tuberculosis, Management of lymph node TB in

England and Wales 1993, Suppl.3.A31Lymphangiectasis

Generalised lymphangiectasia: pulmonary presentation in an

adult, 767Lymphangiomatosis presenting with bronchial cast formation,

765Lymphangioleiomyomatosis, Lymphangioleiomyomatosis: a

UK survey, Suppl.3.A66

Subject index

Lymphangiomatosis, Lymphangiomatosis presenting withbronchial cast formation, 765

Lymphangitis carcinomatosa, Lymphangitis carcinomatosacomplicating primary malignant peritoneal mesothelioma, 552

Lymphocytic alveolitis, Flow cytometric analysis of cytokineproduction in the lymphocytic alveolitis of sarcoidosis,Suppl.3.A12

Lymphocytopenia, Pneumocystis carinii in a patient with pul-monary sarcoidosis and idiopathic CD4+ T lymphocytopenia,446: commentary, 448

MacLeod's syndrome, Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the leftmain bronchus mimicking MacLeod's syndrome, 451

Macrophage, Inhibition of the alveolar macrophage oxidativeburst by a diffusible component from the surface of the sporesof the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus, 389

Magnetic phrenic nerve stimulation, Diaphragm strengthmeasured using magnetic phrenic nerve stimulation in theintensive care unit, Suppl.3.A45

Magnetic stimulation, Clinical assessment of diaphragmstrength by cervical magnetic stimulation of the phrenicnerves, 1239

MalignancyMalignant pleural effusion infected with Salmonella enteri-

tidis, 104; commentary, 107Pleural empyema and malignancy - another dimension, com-

mentary, 107Malignant melanomaPrimary malignant melanoma of the bronchus, 223; commen-

tary, 226Yet more to see down the bronchial tree?, commentary, 226

Manganese superoxide dismutase, Manganese superoxidedismutase mRNA expression is decreased in LPS-stimulatedalveolar macrophages from cigarette smokers, Suppl.3.A52

Massive osteolysis, Bilateral chylothorax complicating massiveosteolysis (Gorham's syndrome), 1277: commentary, 1279

Mast cells, Effect of endobronchial aspirin challenge on inflam-matory cells in bronchial biopsy samples from aspirin-sensitiveasthmatic subjects, 64

Matrix metalloproteinasesEffect of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its components on

macrophages and the release of matrix metalloproteinases,306

Matrix metalloproteinases in emphysema, Suppl.3.A51Matrix metalloproteinases expression by alveolar macrophages

in emphysema, Suppl.3.A51Maximum relaxation rate, Effect of maximum ventilation onabdominal muscle relaxation rate, 510

Mechanical ventilationGastric intramural pH in mechanically ventilated patients, 606Nosocomial pneumonia during mechanical ventilation: letter,

771Techniques in mechanical ventilation: principles and practice,

756Mediastinal lymphadenopathy, Intrathoracic tuberculouslymphadenopathy: clinical and bronchoscopic features in 17adults without parenchymal lesions, 87: letter, 967

Mediastinal masses, Transtracheal aspiration using rigid bron-choscopy and a rigid needle for investigating mediastinal mass-es, 197

Medical Research Council, The Medical Research CouncilBreathlessness Score is useful in selecting COPD patients forpulmonary rehabilitation, Suppl.3.A24

MesotheliomaClinical features and epidemiology of malignant pleural

mesothelioma in Glasgow 1987-92, Suppl.3.A68Finger clubbing in malignant pleural mesothelioma,

Suppl.3.A68Lymphangitis carcinomatosa complicating primary malignant

peritoneal mesothelioma, 552Simian virus 40 large T antigen (SV40LTAg) primer specificDNA amplification in human pleural meosthelioma tissue,1074

Mesothelioma cells, In vivo transfer of the 3-galactosidase geneinto malignant mesothelioma cells induces tumour rejection,Suppl.3.A6

Meta-analysis, Nebulised antipseudomonal antibiotic therapyin cystic fibrosis: a meta-analysis of benefits and risks, 364: let-ter, 1283

Metabisulphite, Effect of allergen challenge on airway respon-siveness to histamine and sodium metabisulphite in mild asth-ma, 1185

Subject index

Metabolic acidaemia, Is ventilatory breakaway in heavy exer-cise really due to metabolic acidaemia? Suppl.3.A20

Metalloproteinases, Effect of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and itscomponents on macrophages and the release of matrix metal-loproteinases, 306

Metered dose inhalerComparison ofpMDI plus Nebuhaler and Turbohaler in asth-

matic patients with dysphonia, Suppl.3.A74Lung bioavailability of generic and innovator salbutamol

metered dose inhalers, 325: letter, 658Non-CFC salbutamol metered dose inhaler performance with

a spacer device, Suppl.3.A75Systemic effects of high dose budesonide (4 mg) taken by four

inhaler systems and orally, Suppl.3.A72Methacholine, Respiratory sensation during bronchial chal-

lenge testing with methacholine, sodium metabisulphite, andadenosine monophosphate, 793

Methotrexate, Experience with long-term methotrexate insteroid-dependent asthma over six years, Suppl.3.A61

Methylprednisolone, Pulse therapy with cyclophosphamideand methylprednisolone in patients with moderate to severeparaquat poisoning: preliminary report, 661

Middle East, Surgical treatment of myasthenia gravis in twomajor Middle East teaching hospitals: factors influencing out-come, 193

Migration inhibitory factor, Epithelial cells are a source formacrophage migration inhibitory factor - potential role inacute respiratory distress syndrome, Suppl.3.A54

Mild lung disease, A mild variant of cystic fibrosis, Suppl.2.51Mineral oil immersion, Severe lipoid pneumonia following

attempted suicide by mineral oil immersion, 652: commentary, 656Mineral particles, Analysis and interpretation of inorganic

mineral particles in "lung" tissues, 327Mini-Wright peak expiratory flow meter, Potential effects of

correction of inaccuracies of the mini-Wright peak expiratoryflow meter on the use of an asthma self-management plan, 403

Monnal D, Quality of sleep during NIPPV: comparison betweenthe Monnal D and the Papworth ventilator, Suppl.3.A79

Morphine, Effect of inhaled morphine on the development ofbreathlessness during exercise in patients with chronic lungdisease, 596

MortalityAccuracy of mortality data for interstitial lung diseases in New

Mexico, USA, 717Community acquired pneumonia: aetiology and usefulness of

severity criteria on admission, 1010Influence on mortality trends of 'false positive' asthma death

certification in elderly subjects, Suppl.3.A22Mortality rates from cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis in seven

countries, 711Predicting death from pneumonia: editorial, 970Rate of decline of forced expiratory volume in one second

(FEVy) predicts mortality from coronary heart disease inmen and women, Suppl.3.A23


Motor neurone disease, The effect of ventilatory interventionin acute respiratory failure in motor neurone disease,Suppl.3.A1O

Mucosa, Effect of prostaglandin E2 on eicosanoid release byhuman bronchial biopsy specimens from normal and inflamedmucosa, 919

Multidisciplinary team, Waiting times in lung cancer: what isachievable by a multidisciplinary team? Suppl.3.A7

Multidrug resistance, Detection of the multidrug resistancemarker P-glycoprotein by immunohistochemistry in malignantlung tumours, 526

Multidrug resistant tuberculosis, Rapid detection of MDR-TB in clinical samples, Suppl.3.A32

Multiple actuationsEffect of electrostatic charge, flow, delay and multiple actua-

tions on the in vitro delivery of salbutamol from differentsmall volume spacers for infants, 985

Effect of multiple actuations, delayed inhalation and antistatictreatment on the lung bioavailability of salbutamol via aspacer device, 981

Multiply resistant pseudomonads, Results of pulmonarytransplantation in patients with cystic fibrosis colonised bymultiply resistant pseudomonads, Suppl.3.A23

Multipuncture method, Administration of the BCG vaccina-tion using the multipuncture method in schoolchildren - acomparison with the intradermal method, Suppl.3.A9

1309

Myasthenia gravisMyasthenia gravis presenting with stridor, 108Surgical treatment of myasthenia gravis in two major Middle

East teaching hospitals: factors influencing outcome, 193MycobacteriaComparison of characteristics of patients and treatment out-

come for pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacterial infec-tion and pulmonary tuberculosis, 137

Growth of acid fast L forms from the blood of patients withsarcoidosis, 530

Mycobacterium avium, Lack of skin test reactivity to commonmycobacterial antigens in human immunodeficiency virusinfected individuals with high CD4 counts, 932

Mycobacterium kansasiiPulmonary Mycobacterium kansasii infection: comparison of

the clinical features, treatment and outcome with pul-monary tuberculosis, 1248

Pulmonary Mycobacterium kansasii infection: comparison ofradiological appearances with pulmonary tuberculosis, 1243

Mycobacterium tuberculosisComparison of IS61 10-RFLP and spoligotyping for the ability

to type strains of M. tuberculosis, Suppl.3.A33DNA fingerprinting of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a tool for

prevention and control, Suppl.3.A34Epidemiology and molecular ecology of Mycobacterium tuber-

culosis from clinical sources: DNA fingerprinting of M.tuberculosis isolates from clinical specimens, Suppl.3.A33

Pulmonary Mycobacterium kansasii infection: comparison ofthe clinical features, treatment and outcome with pul-monary tuberculosis, 1248


Naloxone, Effects of naloxone of upper airway collapsibility innormal sleeping subjects, 851

Named nurse programme, A named nurse programme for thecare of patients with lung cancer, Suppl.3.A57

Nasal continuous positive airway pressureAutomatic nasal continuous positive airway pressure titration

in the laboratory. Patient outcomes, Suppl.3.A77Comparison of different levels of nasal continuous positive air-way pressure in patients with severe congestive heart failurein sinus rhythm and atrial fibrillation, Suppl.3.A21

Quality of life before and after nasal continuous positive airwaypressure treatment for obstructive sleep apnoea,Suppl.3.A4

Response of bed-partners and patients to nasal continuouspositive airway pressure for obstructive sleep apnoea,Suppl.3.A78

Nasal epithelial cells, Fluticasone propionate and beclometha-sone dipropionate attenuate ozone-induced release of inflam-matory cytokines from nasal epithelial cells of atopic rhiniticsubjects, Suppl.3.A39

Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilationComparison of the acute effects on gas exchange of nasal ven-


Dips in overnight arterial saturation during NIPPV: relation-ships with sleep stages and ventilators, Suppl.3.All

Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation in patients withcystic fibrosis and hypercapnic respiratory failure,Suppl.3.A24

Patterns of abnormality on overnight oximetry before and dur-ing NIPPV, Suppl.3.AIO

Quality of sleep during NIPPV: comparison between theMonnal D and the Papworth ventilator, Suppl.3.A79

Randomised crossover study of inspiratory positive airwaypressure on gas exchange and dyspnoea during nasal venti-lation in stable COPD, Suppl.3.A1O

Natriuretic peptides, A role for natriuretic peptides in the diag-nosis of pulmonary thromboembolism, Suppl.3.A36

NavelbineNavelbine in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer,

Suppl.3.A55Phase II of cisplatin, ifosfamide and increasing dosage of navel-

bine in unresectable non-small cell lung cancer,Suppl.3.A55

NebuhalerComparison ofpMDI plus Nebuhaler and Turbohaler in asth-

matic patients with dysphonia, Suppl.3.A74Systemic effects of high dose budesonide (4 mg) taken by four

inhaler systems and orally, Suppl.3.A72Systemic effects of high dose inhaled steroids (budesonide,

1310

beclomethasone and fluticasone) taken via large volumespacer, Suppl.3.A71

Nebulised acetylcysteine, Evaluation of nebulised acetylcys-teine and normal saline in the treatment of sputum retentionfollowing thoracotomy, 429

Nebulised antibiotics, Nebulised antipseudomonal antibiotictherapy in cystic fibrosis: a meta-analysis of benefits and risks,364: letter, 1283

Nebulised drug, Physiotherapy and nebulised drug use in a

Birmingham adult cystic fibrosis unit: patient practice,knowledge and adherence, Suppl.3.A48

NebulisersCompliance in an assessment programme for domiciliary neb-

ulised bronchodilators in patients with chronic obstructiveairways disease, Suppl.3.A28

Do home nebulisers prevent readmission for asthma,Suppl.3.A28


Nedocromil sodium, Nedocromil sodium attenuates bronchialepithelial cell-induced eosinophil adhesion and release ofsICAM-l from endothelial cells in vitro, Suppl.3.A39

Negative pressure ventilationIntermittent negative pressure ventilation in the treatment of

hypoxic hypercapnic coma in chronic respiratory insuffi-ciency, 1077

Negative pressure ventilation in acute hypercapnic chronicobstructive pulmonary disease: editorial, 1069

Neonatal respiratory distress syndromeMeasurement of pulmonary status and surfactant protein lev-


Steroids, surfactant and lung disease: editorial, 880Neopterin, Urinary neopterin excretion as a marker of activity

in sarcoidosis, Suppl.3.A70The Netherlands, Cost of care of patients with cystic fibrosis inThe Netherlands in 1990-1, 298

Neuraminidase, Pseudomonas aeruginosa adherence to cysticfibrosis respiratory epithelium is reduced by anti-asialo GMIantibody and neuraminidase inhibition, Suppl.3.A57

Neurogenic inflammation, Angiotensin converting enzymeinhibitor-induced cough and substance P, 199

Neurological complications, Neurological complications ofsevere illness and prolonged mechanical ventilation, Suppl.2.40

Neurone-specific enolase, Neurone-specific enolase levels inpleural effusions in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, 92

Neutral endopeptidase inhibitor, Effect of inhaled thiorphan,a neutral endopeptidase inhibitor, on the bronchodilatorresponse to inhaled atrial natriuretic peptide, 71

Neutrophil adhesion, Interleukin 1 , induces neutrophil adhesionto human pulmonary artery endothelial cells, Suppl.3.A53

Neutrophil (32-integrin expression, Circulating neutrophil (2-

integrin expression and intracellular oxidative metabolism incommunity acquired pneumonia, Suppl.3.A3

Neutrophil elastaseEffect of nebulised recombinant DNase on neutrophil elastase

load in cystic fibrosis, 619Secretory leukoprotease inhibitor: partnering oti-proteinase

inhibitor to combat pulmonary inflammation, 1273Neutrophil IL-8 receptors, Cross-desensitisation of neutrophil

IL-8 receptors involves differential receptor subtype regula-tion, Suppl.3.A54

Neutrophil migration, An in vitro model of neutrophil migra-tion across human pulmonary artery endothelial monolayers,Suppl.3.A53

NeutrophilsAirways obstruction, chronic expectoration, and rapid decline

of FEVy in smokers are associated with increased levels of

sputum neutrophils, 267Dysregulation of calcium metabolism in human neutrophils

exposed to the Pseudomonas aeruginosa pigment 1 -hydroxy-phenazine, Suppl.3.A58

Effect of a leukotriene B4 receptor antagonist, LY293 111, on

allergen induced responses in asthma, 1178Mechanisms of cigarette smoke induced increased airspace

permeability, 465Neutrophil responsiveness in cystic fibrosis patients is affected

by clinical state, Suppl.3.A58Protease content of circulating neutrophils from patients with

cystic fibrosis, Suppl.3.A58Radiolabelled neutrophil scans following pulmonary transplan-

tation, Suppl.3.A23

Subject index

Responsiveness of circulating neutrophils from acutely infect-ed and stable cystic fibrosis patients to stimulation,Suppl.3.A58

Short term effect of nebulised human recombinant DNAse onneutrophil inflammatory products in cystic fibrosis,Suppl.3.A59

Never-smoking adults, Lung function in healthy never smok-ing adults: reference values and lower limits of normal of aSwiss population, 277

NF-kappa B, NO or no NO in asthma?, 218Night time respiratory recording, Comparison of partially

attended night time respiratory recordings and fullpolysomnography in patients with suspected sleepapnoea/hypopnoea syndrome, 1043

Night tracheal sound monitoring, Evaluation of nocturnalbronchoconstriction by all night tracheal sound monitoring,694

Nitric oxideExhaled nitric oxide: a new lung function test: editorial, 233Exhaled nitric oxide is normal in sarcoidosis patients with

active alveolitis, Suppl.3.A18Exhaled nitric oxide is not elevated in patients with cystic

fibrosis or bronchiectasis compared to normals,Suppl.3.A19

Influence of breathhold on peak and plateau concentrations ofnitric oxide in the exhaled air of adults, Suppl.3.A17

Inhaled nitric oxide worsens gas exchange in pulmonary fibro-sis associated pulmonary hypertension, Suppl.3.A18

Measurement of lower respiratory tract nitric oxide: validity ofusing values at 75% of exhaled volume, Suppl.3.A17

Nitric oxide in exhaled air of cigarette smokers, Suppl.3.A18NO or no NO in asthma? 218Non-invasive assessment of response to inhaled nitric oxide in

normal subjects, Suppl.3.A18Pulmonary hypertension: NO therapy? 762Reduction of pulmonary capillary blood volume in patients

with severe unexplained pulmonary hypertension, 855Nitrogen dioxide

Effect of fluticasone propionate aqueous nasal spray on aller-gen-induced inflammatory changes in the nasal airways ofallergic rhiitics following exposure for six hours to 400ppbnitrogen dioxide, Suppl.3.A40

Effect of loratadine on nitrogen dioxide-induced release of pro-inflammatory mediators from cultured human bronchialepithelial cells, Suppl.3.A39

Nocturnal asthma, Evaluation of nocturnal bronchoconstric-tion by all night tracheal sound monitoring, 694

Nocturnal hypoventilation (hypoxia), Autonomic dysfunc-tion in patients with nocturnal hypoventilation, Suppl.3.A1 1

Nocturnal hypoxaemia, The effect of regression dilution biason the nocturnal hypoxaemia v blood pressure relationship,Suppl.3.A79

Non-Hodgkin's lymphomaCo-existing conjunctival non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and pul-

monary sarcoidosis, 444: commentary, 448Pleural non-Hodgkin's lymphoma arising in a patient with a

chronic pyothorax, 103; commentary, 107Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation

Criteria for non-invasive ventilation in chronic obstructive pul-monary disease. Who is eligible? Suppl.3.A20

Domiciliary ventilation in chronic obstructive pulmonary dis-ease: where are we? editorial, 455

Long term effects of non-invasive intermittent positive pres-sure ventilation on chronic ventilatory failure due to COPD,Suppl.3.A10

Non-invasive ventilation, Non-invasive ventilation for exacer-bations of respiratory failure in chronic obstructive pulmonarydisease, Suppl.2.35

Non-small cell lung cancerChemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer: time to re-exam-

ine our attitudes: editorial, 231'"F-Fluorodeoxyglucose PET scans in lung cancer,

Suppl.2.16Navelbine in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer,

Suppl.3.A55New prognostic factors in resectable non-small cell lung can-

cer, 638Phase II of cisplatin, ifosfamide and increasing dosage of navel-

bine in unresectable non-small cell lung cancer,Suppl.3.A55

Prognosis in lung cancer: physicians' opinions compared withoutcome and a predictive model, 894

Subject index


Time course from first symptom to treatment in patients withnon-small cell lung cancer referred for radiotherapy: areport by the CHART Steering Committee, 1262

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, Comparison ofthree inhaled non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on the air-way response to sodium metabisulphite and adenosine 5'-monophosphate challenge in asthma, 799

Non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection, Comparison ofcharacteristics of patients and treatment outcome for pul-monary non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection and pul-monary tuberculosis, 137

Normative Aging Study, Relationship of serum IgE concentra-tion to level and rate of decline of pulmonary function: theNormative Aging Study, 787

Northern Ireland, Death from airways obstruction: accuracy ofcertification in Northern Ireland, 293

Nosocomial pneumonia, Nosocomial pneumonia duringmechanical ventilation: letter, 771

Notices, 110, 228, 344, 454, 556, 658, 772, 1068, 1170Nurse practitioner

Defining the role of the respiratory nurse specialist in theSouth West Region, Suppl.3.A62

Named nurse programme for the care of patients with lungcancer, Suppl.3.A57

Unrecognised needs of patients with end stage pulmonary dis-ease may be identified by the respiratory nurse practitionerin the primary setting, Suppl.3.A63

Nurse specialistAudit of a respiratory nurse tuberculosis service, Suppl.3.A34Impact of an asthma nurse specialist on patients admitted to

hospital with acute severe asthma, Suppl.3.A27NutritionLong term survival and nutritional data in patients with cystic

fibrosis treated in a Danish centre, 1023Nutrition, diabetes, pancreatic function and survival in

Birmingham cystic fibrosis clinic, Suppl.3.A47Nutrition and survival in cystic fibrosis: editorial, 971

OASYS-2, Development of OASYS-2: a system for the analysisof serial measurement of peak expiratory flow in workers withsuspected occupational asthma, 484

Obliterative bronchiolitisEpstein-Barr virus associated graft failure following heart/lung

transplantation, 1160: commentary, 1164Pregnancy following a single lung transplantation, 1162: com-

mentary, 1164Occupation, Occupation and chronic obstructive pulmonary

disease, 947Occupational asthmaComparison of soybean epidemic asthma and occupational

asthma, 743Development of OASYS-2: a system for the analysis of serial

measurement of peak expiratory flow in workers with sus-pected occupational asthma, 484

Occupational asthma in a coal miner, 867Occupational asthma due to latex in health care workers, 1280Occupational asthma due to latex in a hospital administrative

employee, 452Occupational asthma: measures of frequency from four coun-

tries, 435: letter, 1168The diagnosis of occupational asthma from serial measure-

ments of lung function at and away from work, 857Occupational disease

Increase in non-specific bronchial hyperresponsiveness as anearly marker of bronchial response to occupational agentsduring specific inhalation challenges, 472

Occupational irritants, Respiratory irritants encountered atwork, 541

Occupational lung diseaseEpidemic outbreak of interstitial lung disease in aerographics

textile workers - the "Ardystil syndrome": a first year followup, 94

Exposure of crystalline silica and risk of lung cancer: the epi-demiological evidence, 97: letter, 772

New developments in occupational lung disease, 96Odense Schoolchild Study, Interrelationships between diag-nosed asthma, asthma-like symptoms, and abnormal airwaybehaviour in adolescence: the Odense Schoolchild Study, 503

One lung anaesthesia, Acute lung injury following lung resec-tion: is one lung anaesthesia to blame? editorial, 114

1311

Opioid modulation, Evidence for opioid modulation andgeneration of prostaglandins in sulphur dioxide-inducedbronchoconstriction, 159

Opportunistic micro-organisms, Interactions between oppor-tunistic micro-organisms and HIV in the lung: editorial, 875

Orbit, Co-existing conjunctival non-Hodgkin's lymphoma andpulmonary sarcoidosis, 444: commentary, 448

Ototoxicity, Minimisation of aminoglycoside toxicity inpatients with cystic fibrosis, 369

Oxidantlantioxidant imbalance, Oxidant/antioxidant imbal-ance in smokers and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease:editorial, 348

Oxidants, Free radical activity and pro-inflammatory effects ofparticulate air pollution (PM,o) in vivo and in vitro, 1216

Oxidative stress, The effect of intravenous antibiotic therapyon markers of oxidative stress in cystic fibrosis, Suppl.3.A59

OximetryComparison of oximetry and transcutaneous carbon dioxide

levels in patients undergoing fibreoptic bronchoscopy,Suppl.3.A70

Patterns of abnormality on overnight oximetry before and dur-ing NIPPV, Suppl.3.A10

Oxygen concentratorEvaluation of domiciliary long-term oxygen therapy with oxy-

gen concentrators, Suppl.3.A65Patient acceptability of a combined oxygen concentrator and

nebuliser unit, Suppl.3.A66Oxygen cost of breathing, Resting energy expenditure andoxygen cost of breathing in patients with cystic fibrosis, 126

Oxygen delivery, Comparison of the efficacy of a demand oxy-gen delivery system with continuous low flow oxygen in sub-jects with stable COPD and severe oxygen desaturation onwalking, 831

Oxygen saturation, Assessment of oxygen supplementationduring air travel, 202

Oxygen stimulated DNA synthesis, Serum dependence ofoxygen stimulated DNA synthesis in human fetal airwaysmooth muscle cells: implications for the pathogenesis ofbronchopulmonary dysplasia, Suppl.3.A15

OzoneEffect of ozone, thunderstorms and other weather conditions

on the respiratory function of asthmatics, Suppl.3.A1Fluticasone propionate and beclomethasone dipropionate

attenuate ozone-induced release of inflammatory cytokinesfrom nasal epithelial cells of atopic rhinitic subjects,Suppl.3.A39

Modelling the interaction between ozone and pulmonaryepithelial lining fluid antioxidants, Suppl.3.A52

p53, Presence ofhuman papillomavirus DNA and abnormal p53protein accumulation in lung carcinoma, 887

P-glycoprotein, Detection of the multidrug resistance markerP-glycoprotein by immunohistochemistry in malignant lungtumours, 526

Panbronchiolitis, Diffuse panbronchiolitis in an Asian immi-grant, 1065

Pancreatic function, Nutrition, diabetes, pancreatic functionand survival in a Birmingham cystic fibrosis clinic,Suppl.3.A47

Papworth ventilator, Quality of sleep during NIPPV: compar-ison between the Monnal D and the Papworth ventilator,Suppl.3.A79

Paraquat poisoningCyclophosphamide treatment of paraquat poisoning: editorial,



Partial agonist, Effects ofprior treatment with salmeterol and for-moterol on airway and systemic P2 responses to fenoterol, 585

Particle sizeOptimal particle size for 12 agonist and anticholinergic

aerosols in patients with severe airflow obstruction, 977Particle size selection device for use with the Turbohaler, 537

Particulate air pollutionAcute effects of summer air pollution on respiratory function

in primary school children in southern England, 1109Diesel exhaust particulates enhance the release of pro-inflam-

matory mediators from human bronchial epithelial cells invitro, Suppl.3.A54

Free radical activity and pro-inflammatory effects of particu-late air pollution (PM,o) in vivo and in vitro, 1216

1312

Particulate air pollution, Suppl.2.3Pro-inflammatory effect of particulate air pollution (PM,o) in

vivo and in vitro, Suppl.3.A53Suspended particulate matter and health: new light on an old

problem: editorial, 1174Passive smoking, Atopy, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, andpeak flow variability in children with mild occasional wheezing,272

Patient-administered serial spirometry, Long term perfor-mance of a hand held spirometer, 973

Patient knowledge, Knowledge of adult patients with cysticfibrosis about their illness, 34

Peak expiratory flowComparison of mean daily diurnal variation in peak expiratory

flow and FEV1, Suppl.3.A43Development of OASYS-2: a system for the analysis of serial

measurement of peak expiratory flow in workers with sus-pected occupational asthma, 484

Potential effects of correction of inaccuracies of the mini-Wright peak expiratory flow meter on the use of an asthmaself-management plan, 403

Randomised controlled assessment of a Windmill Trainer'device in the measurement of PEF in children,Suppl.3.A61

Peak expiratory flow meters, Number preference in readingpeak expiratory flow meters, Suppl.3.A42

Peak flow meters, Effect of altitude on spirometric parametersand the performance of peak flow meters, 175

Peak inspiratory flow, Home assessment of peak inspiratoryflow through the Turbohaler in asthmatic patients, 433: cor-rection, 1068

Penicillin resistance, Antibiotic resistant Streptococcus pneumo-niae, Suppl.2.45

Peripheral blood stem cell transplant, Lung function is gen-erally preserved following peripheral blood stem cell trans-plant, Suppl.3.A47

Peritoneal mesothelioma, Lymphangitis carcinomatosacomplicating primary malignant peritoneal mesothelioma,552

Peritoneal ventilation, Peritoneal ventilation in rabbits: aug-mentation of gas exchange with cisapride, 82

PeroxynitritePeroxynitrite is a vasodilator of rat pulmonary arteries at con-

centrations that do not cause endothelial dysfunction,Suppl.3.A35

Role of poly-ADP ribosyltransferase in the vasodilator actionsof peroxynitrite, Suppl.3.A35

pH, Gastric intramural pH in mechanically ventilated patients,606

Phenobarbitone, Compliance with oral corticosteroids duringsteroid trials in chronic airways obstruction, 323

Phonomyogram, Effects of lung volume and fatigue on evokeddiaphragmatic phonomyogram in normal subjects, 705

Phosphodiesterase inhibitors, Phosphodiesterase inhibitors:Lily the Pink's medicinal compound for asthma?, 647

Phrenic nerve stimulationClinical assessment of diaphragm strength by cervical magnet-

ic stimulation of the phrenic nerves, 1239Effects of lung volume and fatigue on evoked diaphragmatic

phonomyogram in normal subjects, 705Physiology, Relative effects of inhaled corticosteroids onimmunopathology and physiology in asthma, 993

Physiotherapist, The combined role of the respiratory healthpractitioner and the physiotherapist in reducing bed occu-pancy in patients with chronic respiratory disease,Suppl.3.A63

Physiotherapy, Knowledge and compliance with respiratoryphysiotherapy techniques in adults with bronchiectasis,Suppl.3.A68

Pigeon fanciers lung, Antibody levels in saliva of patients withpigeon fanciers lung, Suppl.3.A71

Platelet activating factor, Priming effect of platelet activatingfactor on leukotriene C4 from stimulated eosinophils of asth-matic patients, 155

Platinum salts, Outcome of occupational asthma due to plat-inum salts, Suppl.3.A41

Pleural disease, New developments in asbestos-related pleuraldisease, 210

Pleural effusionGorham's syndrome: a usually fatal cause of pleural effusion


Subject index

Malignant pleural effusion infected with Salmonella enteritidis,104; commentary, 107

Neurone-specific enolase levels in pleural effusions in patientswith rheumatoid arthritis, 92

Pleural effusion and toxocariasis, 106; commentary, 107Pleural empyema and malignancy - another dimension, com-

mentary, 107Pleural fluid accumulation due to intra-abdominal

endometriosis: a case report and review of the literature,1062: commentary, 1064

Pleural infection, Pleuropulmonary infection with chest wallinfiltration by Eikenella corrodens, 871

Pneumococcal pneumonia, Clinical picture of community-acquired Chlamydia pneumoniae pneumonia requiring hospitaltreatment: a comparison between chlamydial and pneumococ-cal pneumonia, 185: letter, 967

Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine, The simultaneousadministration of influenza vaccine and 23-valent pneumococ-cal polysaccharide vaccine in patients with chronic respiratorydisease, Suppl.3.A14

PneumomediastinumEcstasy induced pneumomediastinum, 960: commentary, 962Pneumomediastinum following Politzer's manoeuvre: letter,1169

Pneumomediastinum secondary to use of a high speed air tur-bine drill during a dental extraction, 339; commentary, 340

PneumoniaAnalysis of decisions by European general practitioners to admit

to hospital patients with lower respiratory tract infections, 1017Circulating neutrophil P2-integrin expression and intracellular

oxidative metabolism in community acquired pneumonia,Suppl.3.A3

Clinical picture of community-acquired Chlamydia pneumoniaepneumonia requiring hospital treatment: a comparison betweenchlamydial and pneumococcal pneumonia, 185: letter, 967

Community acquired pneumonia: aetiology and usefulness ofseverity criteria on admission, 1010

Community acquired pneumonia in adults: a study comparingclinical features and outcome in Africa (Republic ofGuinea) and Europe (France), 385

Comparison of bronchoscopic diagnostic techniques with his-tological findings in brain dead organ donors without sus-pected pneumonia, 929

Multiple pathogens in adult patients admitted with communi-ty-acquired pneumonia: a one year prospective study of 346consecutive patients, 179

Nosocomial pneumonia during mechanical ventilation: letter,771

Predicting death from pneumonia: editorial, 970Severe lipoid pneumonia following attempted suicide by min-

eral oil immersion, 652: commentary, 656Value of intracellular bacteria detection in the diagnosis of ven-

tilator associated pneumonia, 378Pneumonitis"Crack lung" caused by an impure preparation, 959: commen-

tary, 962Hypersensitivity pneumonitis induced by a smut fungus

Ustilago esculenta, 650: commentary, 656PneumothoraxLung disease induced by drug addiction: letter, 556Pneumomediastinum secondary to use of a high speed air tur-

bine drill during a dental extraction, 339; commentary, 340Pulmonary diseases and HIV infection: letter, 228Treatment of pneumothorax during pregnancy, 338; commen-

tary, 340Video assisted thoracic surgery for spontaneous pneumotho-

rax, Suppl 2.23PoisoningCyclophosphamide treatment of paraquat poisoning: editorial,



Politzer's manoeuvre, Pneumomediastinum followingPolitzer's manoeuvre: letter, 1169

Pollen, Effect of natural allergen exposure during the grass pollenseason on airways inflammatory cells and asthma symptoms, 575

PollutionFree radical activity and pro-inflammatory effects of particu-

late air pollution (PM1o) in vivo and in vitro, 1216Suspended particulate matter and health: new light on an old

problem: editorial, 1174

Subject index

Poly-ADP ribosyltransferase, Role of poly-ADP ribosyl-transferase in the vasodilator actions of peroxynitrite,Suppl.3.A35

Polymerase chain reactionComparison of polymerase chain reaction for IS6 110 and

Amplicor in the diagnosis of tuberculosis, 320Quantitative PCR for the diagnosis of CMV disease in lung

and heart transplant, Suppl.3.A23Simian virus 40 large T antigen (SV40LTAg) primer specificDNA amplification in human pleural meosthelioma tissue,1074

Polyneuropathy, Neurological complications of severe illnessand prolonged mechanical ventilation, Suppl.2.40

PolysomnographyComparison of partially attended night time respiratory

recordings and full polysomnography in patients with sus-pected sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome, 1043

Home oximetry versus full polysomnography in the detectionof obstructive sleep apnoea, Suppl.3.A4

Portable mouth pressure meter, Measurement of sniff nasalinspiratory pressure using a portable mouth pressure meter,Suppl.3.A45

Positron emission tomography'"F-Fluorodeoxyglucose PET scans in lung cancer,

Suppl.2.16Reduced beta adrenoceptor density in vivo in human lung

tumours: a preliminary study with positron emissiontomography, 727

Post inflammatory fibrosis, Mortality rates from cryptogenicfibrosing alveolitis in seven countries, 711

Postpneumonectomy pulmonary oedema, Acute lung injuryfollowing lung resection: is one lung anaesthesia to blame? edi-torial, 114

PrednisoloneComparison of short courses of oral prednisolone and flutica-

sone propionate in the treatment of adults with acute exac-erbations of asthma in primary care, 1087

Effect of contact avoidance or treatment with oral prednisoloneon bronchoalveolar lavage surfactant protein A levels in sub-jects with farmer's lung, 1210

Measurement of serum prednisolone and cortisol in patientswith severe asthma, Suppl.3.A61


PregnancyAcute asthma during pregnancy, 411Effect of pregnancy on maternal cystic fibrosis vs nulliparous

severity matched controls, Suppl.3.A50Pregnancy following a single lung transplantation, 1162: com-

mentary, 1164Treatment of pneumothorax during pregnancy, 338; commen-

tary, 340Prevalence, Evaluation of bronchial responsiveness to exercise

in children as an objective measure of asthma in epidemio-logical surveys, 590

Primary pulmonary hypertension, Impairment of endo-thelium-dependent pulmonary vasodilation in patients withprimary pulmonary hypertension, 89

Priming effect, Priming effect of platelet activating factor onleukotriene C4 from stimulated eosinophils ofasthmatic patients, 155

Printing sprayers, Epidemic outbreak of interstitial lung dis-ease in aerographics textile workers - the "Ardystil syndrome":a first year follow up, 94

Prognostic factorsNew prognostic factors in resectable non-small cell lung can-

cer, 638Prognosis in lung cancer: physicians' opinions compared with

outcome and a predictive model, 894Prolonged mechanical ventilation, Neurological complica-

tions of severe illness and prolonged mechanical ventilation,Suppl.2.40

Propranolol, Attenuation of propranolol-induced bronchocon-striction by nebulised frusemide, Suppl.3.A40

Prostaglandin E2Cultured human airway smooth muscle cells release PGE2 in

response to bradykinin, growth factors and arachidonicacid, Suppl.3.A38

Differential release of 8-isoprostanes and prostaglandin E2 byhuman pulmonary artery, Suppl.3.A36

Effect of prostaglandin E2 on eicosanoid release by humanbronchial biopsy specimens from normal and inflamedmucosa, 919

1313

Prostaglandin E2 production by ovine tracheal epithelium:control by cyclic nucleotides, Suppl.3.A38

Prostaglandins8-iso PGF2a constricts and dilates rat pulmonary artery,

Suppl.3.A36Comparison of three inhaled non-steroidal anti-inflammatory

drugs on the airway response to sodium metabisulphite andadenosine 5'-monophosphate challenge in asthma, 799

Protease, Protease content of circulating neutrophils frompatients with cystic fibrosis, Suppl.3.A58

Protected bronchoalveolar lavage, Value of intracellularbacteria detection in the diagnosis of ventilator associatedpneumonia, 378

ot1-Proteinase inhibitor, Secretory leukoprotease inhibitor:partnering oti-proteinase inhibitor to combat pulmonaryinflammation, 1273

Pseudomonads, Results of pulmonary transplantation inpatients with cystic fibrosis colonised by multiply resistantpseudomonads, Suppl.3.A23

Pseudomonas aeruginosaDysregulation of calcium metabolism in human neutrophils

exposed to the Pseudomonas aeruginosa pigment 1-hydroxy-phenazine, Suppl.3.A58


Pseudomonas aeruginosa adherence to cystic fibrosis respiratoryepithelium is reduced by anti-asialo GM1 antibody andneuraminidase inhibition, Suppl.3.A57

Quantitative analysis of the IgG and IgG subclass immuneresponses to chromosomal Pseudomonas aeruginosa beta-lac-tamase in serum from patients with cystic fibrosis by west-ern blotting and laser scanning densitometry, 733

The clinical significance of the auxotrophic phenotype ofPseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis, Suppl.3.A49

The role ofELISA in the early diagnosis of Pseudomonas aerug-inosa infection in cystic fibrosis, Suppl.3.A49

Pseudomonas cepacia, Outcome for patients colonised withBurkholderia cepacia in a Birmingham adult cystic fibrosis clin-ic and the end of an epidemic, 374

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, Bronchoalveolar lavage withtrypsin in pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, 769

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations, A reduction infunctional endoglin leads to pulmonary arteriovenous malfor-mations in hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia,Suppl.3.A37

Pulmonary artery8-iso PGF2o, constricts and dilates rat pulmonary artery,

Suppl.3.A36Differential release of 8-isoprostanes and prostaglandin E2 byhuman pulmonary artery, Suppl.3.A36

Pulmonary artery endothelial cells, Interleukin 1-13 inducesneutrophil adhesion to human pulmonary artery endothelialcells, Suppl.3.A53

Pulmonary artery endothelial monolayers, An in vitromodel of neutrophil migration across human pulmonary arteryendothelial monolayers, Suppl.3.A53

Pulmonary capillary blood volumePulmonary capillary blood volume in patients with probable

pulmonary Kaposi's sarcoma, 204Reduction of pulmonary capillary blood volume in patients

with severe unexplained pulmonary hypertension, 855Pulmonary diseases, Asthma and other pulmonary diseases informer elite athletes, 288

Pulmonary embolismContinuous volume computed tomography in pulmonary

embolism: the answer, or just another test? editorial, 1Role of spiral volumetric computed tomographic scanning in

the assessment of patients with clinical suspicion of pul-monary embolism and an abnormal ventilation/perfusionlung scan, 23

Pulmonary endocrine cells, Endocrine cells in tumour-bear-ing lungs, 721

Pulmonary eosinophilia, Pulmonary eosinophilia due toTrichomonas tenax, 554

Pulmonary epithelial lining fluid antioxidants, Modellingthe interaction between ozone and pulmonary epithelial liningfluid antioxidants, Suppl.3.A52

Pulmonary fibrosisBronchoalveolar lavage fluid findings in patients with chronic

hepatitis C virus infection, 312

1314

Calibrating the calibrators: editorial, 969Computed tomography-guided bronchoalveolar lavage in idio-

pathic pulmonary fibrosis, 841Elevated expression of insulin-like growth factor binding pro-

tein-3 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with pul-monary fibrosis, Suppl.3.A12

Incidence of hepatitis C virus infection in Italian patients withidiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, 315


T lymphocytes and silica-induced pulmonary inflammationand fibrosis in mice, 1036

Pulmonary function, Pulmonary function before and afteranterior spinal surgery in adult idiopathic scoliosis, 534

Pulmonary function laboratories, A re-audit of pulmonaryfunction laboratories, Suppl.3.A69

Pulmonary function testsPulmonary function in children with systemic lupus erythe-

matosus, 424Review of the impact pulmonary function testing has in a large

teaching hospital in Birmingham, Suppl.3.A69Pulmonary haemodynamics, Doppler assessment of pul-monary haemodynamics in chronic hypoxic lung disease: edito-rial, 9

Pulmonary hypertensionCell signalling in pulmonary vascular cells: do not shoot the

messenger!, 864Coronary ligated rabbit as a model for pulmonary hyperten-

sion secondary to heart failure: role of 5-hydroxy-tryptamine, Suppl.3.A35


Pulmonary hypertension: NO therapy? 762Reduction of pulmonary capillary blood volume in patients

with severe unexplained pulmonary hypertension, 855Pulmonary infectionPleuropulmonary infection with chest wall infiltration by

Eikenella corrodens, 871Pulmonary Mycobacterium kansasii infection: comparison of

the clinical features, treatment and outcome with pul-monary tuberculosis, 1248


Pulmonary lymphangiectasis, Generalised lymphangiectasia:pulmonary presentation in an adult, 767

Pulmonary nodules, Whipple's disease presenting with lunginvolvement, 343

Pulmonary oedema, Cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluidin patients with high altitude pulmonary oedema at moderatealtitude in Japan, 739

Pulmonary rehabilitationAre activity monitors sensitive enough to detect speeds pre-

scribed to patients with COPD? Suppl.3.A25Could inspiratory pressure support be a useful adjunct in pul-

monary rehabilitation? Suppl.3.A26Do anxiety and depression affect outcome of rehabilitation in

severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,Suppl.3.A25

Do patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseattending a pulmonary rehabilitation programme adhere totheir prescribed home exercise programme? Suppl.3.A25

Long-term benefits of pulmonary rehabilitation in elderlypatients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,Suppl.3.A16

Medical Research Council Breathlessness Score is useful inselecting COPD patients for pulmonary rehabilitation,Suppl.3.A24

Pulmonary rehabilitation at home: editorial, 117: letter, 1068Randomised controlled trial of outpatient pulmonary rehabili-

tation in COPD: preliminary results, Suppl.3.A24Pulmonary sarcoidosis, Glucocorticosteroids and pulmonary

sarcoidosis: editorial, 229Pulmonary thromboembolism, A role for natriuretic peptides

in the diagnosis of pulmonary thromboembolism, Suppl.3.A36Pulse therapy, Pulse therapy with cyclophosphamide andmethylprednisolone in patients with moderate to severeparaquat poisoning: preliminary report, 661

Pustular psoriasis, Sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis present-ing with thoracic sinus formation, 550

Pyothorax, Pleural non-Hodgkin's lymphoma arising in apatient with a chronic pyothorax, 103; commentary, 107

Subject index

Quadriplegia, Transdiaphragmatic pressure in quadriplegicindividuals ventilated by diaphragmatic pacemaker, 420

Quality of lifeAssessing the quality of life of asthma in family practice,

Suppl.3.A63Determinants of health-related quality of life in patients with

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 39Do white European and Indian-subcontinent asthmatics differ

in their quality of life? Suppl.3.A30Functional status and well being in chronic obstructive pul-

monary disease with regard to clinical parameters andsmoking: a descriptive and comparative study, 825

Impact of obstructive airways disease on quality of life in olderadults, 520

Quality of life in adults with cystic fibrosis, 936Quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary

disease and severe hypoxaemia, 44Quality of life in patients with lung cancer: an important prog-

nostic factor, Suppl.3.A8Quality of life in patients with lung cancer: does the treatment

matter? Suppl.3.A56Smoking and quality of life among adult patients prescribed

bronchodilators, Suppl.3.A66QuestionnaireDevelopment of a validated snoring questionnaire: repeata-

bility of questions, Suppl.3.A77Northampton asthma survey: results of a postal questionnaire,

Suppl.3.A62

RadiotherapyGorham's syndrome: a usually fatal cause of pleural effusion


Time course from first symptom to treatment in patients withnon-small cell lung cancer referred for radiotherapy: areport by the CHART Steering Committee, 1262

Rebound airway responsiveness, Effects of cessation ofterbutaline treatment on airway obstruction and responsive-ness in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,684

Recombinant DNaseEffect of nebulised recombinant DNase on neutrophil elastase

load in cystic fibrosis, 619Role of recombinant human DNase in the treatment of patients

with cystic fibrosis: many promises, more problems, 750Reflex, Impaired reflex responses to airway occlusion in the

inspiratory muscles of asthmatic subjects, 490Renal blood flow, Effect of L-arginine on renal blood flow innormal subjects and patients with hypoxic chronic obstructivepulmonary disease, 516

Renal function, Enhanced survival in small cell lung cancerwith dose modification according to renal function,Suppl.3.A55

Respiratory diseaseChlamydia pneumoniae antibody titres are significantly associat-

ed with the use of steroid medication in respiratory disease,Suppl.3.A14

Simultaneous administration of influenza vaccine and 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in patientswith chronic respiratory disease, Suppl.3.A14

Respiratory distress syndromeMeasurement of pulmonary status and surfactant protein lev-


Steroids, surfactant and lung disease: editorial, 880Respiratory dreams and nightmares, Respiratory dreamsand nightmares: Altounyan address, 882

Respiratory failureComparison of the acute effects on gas exchange of nasal ven-


Gastric intramural pH in mechanically ventilated patients, 606Non-invasive ventilation for exacerbations of respiratory failure

in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Suppl.2.35Respiratory failure due to tracheobronchomalacia, 224; com-

mentary, 226Respiratory function

Effect of ozone, thunderstorms and other weather conditionson the respiratory function of asthmatics, Suppl.3.AI

Premorbid infant respiratory function and wheezing in the firstyear of life: a population based study in London,Suppl.3.A15

Subject index

Respiratory health practitioner, The combined role of therespiratory health practitioner and the physiotherapist inreducing bed occupancy in patients with chronic respiratorydisease, Suppl.3.A63

Respiratory irritants, Respiratory irritants encountered atwork, 541

Respiratory muscle fatigue, Effect of maximum ventilation onabdominal muscle relaxation rate, 510

Respiratory muscles, Impaired reflex responses to airwayocclusion in the inspiratory muscles of asthmatic subjects, 490

Respiratory nurse practitionerDefining the role of the respiratory nurse specialist in the

South West Region, Suppl.3.A62Unrecognised needs of patients with end stage pulmonary dis-

ease may be identified by the respiratory nurse practitionerin the primary setting, Suppl.3.A63

Respiratory symptomsAntioxidant status in children with different respiratory symp-

toms, Suppl.3.A15Respiratory symptoms, smoking and mortality in older men

and women: an epidemiological study, Suppl.3.A16Respiratory tract, Lipocortin 1: glucocorticoids caught in the

act?, 1057Respiratory tract infection, Respiratory tract infection in thecommunity. Does a chest radiograph influence treatment?Suppl.3.A13

Resting energy expenditure, Resting energy expenditureand oxygen cost of breathing in patients with cystic fibrosis,126

Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction,Growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I geneexpression in bronchoalveolar lavage cells using RT-PCR,Suppl.3.A12

rhDNase, In vivo effects of recombinant human DNase I onsputum in patients with cystic fibrosis, 119

Rheology, In vivo effects of recombinant human DNase I onsputum in patients with cystic fibrosis, 119

Rheumatoid arthritis, Neurone-specific enolase levels in pleu-ral effusions in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, 92

Rhinoviruses, Pre-exposure of a rhinoviral-infected humanbronchial epithelial cell line to cytokines affects surface ICAM-1 levels, Suppl.3.A2

Rhizopus, Occupational asthma in a coal miner, 867Runners, Exercise-induced bronchospasm at low temperature in

elite runners, 628

Safety, Safety of fibreoptic bronchoscopy in asthmatic and con-trol subjects and effect on asthma control over two weeks, 664

SalbutamolComparison of the effect of non-chlorofluorocarbon-contain-

ing salbutamol and conventional chlorofluorocarbon salbu-tamol in asthmatic children, Suppl.3.A73

Comparison of the systemic effects of salbutamol and terbu-taline when inhaled from a metered dose inhaler or as a drypowder in healthy volunteers, Suppl.3.A72

Effect of acute hyperoxia on the bronchodilator response tosalbutamol in stable asthmatic patients, 853

Effect of electrostatic charge, flow, delay and multiple actua-tions on the in vitro delivery of salbutamol from differentsmall volume spacers for infants, 985


Effect of salbutamol on input impedance measurements inlaryngectomized subjects during tidal breathing,Suppl.3.A46

Lung bioavailability of generic and innovator salbutamolmetered dose inhalers, 325: letter, 658

Non-CFC salbutamol metered dose inhaler performance witha spacer device, Suppl.3.A75

Optimal particle size for 02 agonist and anticholinergicaerosols in patients with severe airflow obstruction, 977

Saliva, Antibody levels in saliva of patients with pigeon fancierslung, Suppl.3.A71

SalmeterolEffect of salmeterol on sleep architecture of asthmatic patients

of different ages, Suppl.3.A17Effects of prior treatment with salmeterol and formoterol on

airway and systemic 02 responses to fenoterol, 585Effects of regular salmeterol on lung function and exercise

capacity in patients with chronic obstructive airways disease,689

1315

Evaluation of the 12 adrenoceptor agonist/antagonist activity offormoterol and salmeterol, 54

Salmeterol in smokers with COPD: letter, 110Salmeterol tachyphylaxis in steroid treated asthmatic subjects,

1100Salmonella enteritidis, A malignant pleural effusion infected

with Salmonella enteritidis, 104; commentary, 107Salt intake, Usual dietary salt intake and asthma in children: a

case-control study, 59Sarcoidosis

British Thoracic Society Sarcoidosis study: effects of long termcorticosteroid treatment, 238

Co-existing conjunctival non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and pul-monary sarcoidosis, 444: commentary, 448

Deletion polymorphism in the angiotensin I convertingenzyme gene as a genetic risk factor for sarcoidosis, 777

Exhaled nitric oxide is normal in sarcoidosis patients withactive alveolitis, Suppl.3.A18

Flow cytometric analysis of cytokine production in the lym-phocytic alveolitis of sarcoidosis, Suppl.3.A12

Gamma/delta cells in tissue from patients with sarcoidosis,1123

Glucocorticosteroids and pulmonary sarcoidosis: editorial, 229Growth of acid fast L forms from the blood of patients with

sarcoidosis, 530Increased inflammatory cytokines and new collagen formation

in cutaneous tuberculosis and sarcoidosis, 1253Induced sputum from patients with sarcoidosis is more cellu-

lar than that from control subjects, Suppl.3.A12Pneumocystis carinii in a patient with pulmonary sarcoidosis and

idiopathic CD4+ T lymphocytopenia, 446: commentary, 448Urinary neopterin excretion as a marker of activity in sar-

coidosis, Suppl.3.A70School absence, Descriptive study of cough, wheeze and schoolabsence in childhood, 630

Schools, Current management of asthma in primary and sec-ondary schools in Wolverhampton, Suppl.3.A30

Science matters, Science matters: introduction, 217Scoliosis, Pulmonary function before and after anterior spinal

surgery in adult idiopathic scoliosis, 534Scorpion venoms, Scorpion venoms: taking the sting out oflung disease, 546

ScotlandIncreasing incidence of tuberculosis in the young and elderly in

Scotland, 140Management of lung cancer in South East Scotland, 569Management of pulmonary tuberculosis in adults notified in

Scotland in 1993, Suppl.3.A31Rising incidence of primary lung adenocarcinoma in north east

Scotland, Suppl.3.A56Scottish national survey of tuberculosis notifications 1993 with

special reference to the prevalence of HIV seropositivity, 78Seasonality, Seasonality of tuberculosis: the reverse of other res-

piratory diseases in the UK, 944Secretory leukoprotease inhibitor, Secretory leukoprotease

inhibitor: partnering ti-proteinase inhibitor to combat pul-monary inflammation, 1273

Selectins, Selectins and their counter receptors: a bitter sweetattraction, 1155

Selenium deficiency, Pulmonary effects of short term seleniumdeficiency, 479

Self-refer, Characteristics of those asthmatics who repeatedlyself-refer to the accident and emergency department,Suppl.3.A29

Sensory nerves, Airway sensory nerves: a burning issue in asth-ma?, 335

Serevent Accuhaler, Bricanyl Turbohaler, Serevent Accuhalerand Foradil aerolizer comparative drug delivery, Suppl.3.A73

Severe life threatening asthmaRisk of severe life threatening asthma: editorial, 1073Risk of severe life threatening asthma and beta agonist type: an

example of confounding by severity, 1093Severity assessmentCommunity acquired pneumonia: aetiology and usefulness of

severity criteria on admission, 1010Predicting death from pneumonia: editorial, 970

Sheepskins, House dust mite allergen accumulation on sheep-skins, Suppl.3.A42

Sickness Impact Profile, Functional status and well being inchronic obstructive pulmonary disease with regard to clinicalparameters and smoking: a descriptive and comparative study,825

1316

Signal transduction, Function at the junction: dynamic inter-actions between lung cells and extracellular matrix, 956

Silica, Pulmonary infiltration after exposure to home renovationdust: histopathology and microanalysis, 654: commentary, 656

Silica exposure, Exposure of crystalline silica and risk of lungcancer: the epidemiological evidence, 97: letter, 772

SillicosisEffect of exposure to silica on human alveolar macrophages in

supporting growth activity in type II epithelial cells, 781Silicosis presenting as bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, 1165T lymphocytes and silica-induced pulmonary inflammation

and fibrosis in mice, 1036Simian virus 40, Simian virus 40 large T antigen (SV40LTAg)primer specific DNA amplification in human pleural meosthe-lioma tissue, 1074

Skiing, Asthma and other pulmonary diseases in former eliteathletes, 288

Skin tests, Lack of skin test reactivity to common mycobacteri-al antigens in human immunodeficiency virus infected individ-uals with high CD4 counts, 932

Sleep, The effect of salmeterol on sleep architecture of asthmaticpatients of different ages, Suppl.3.A17

Sleep apnoeaAutomatic nasal continuous positive airway pressure titration

in the laboratory. Patient outcomes, Suppl.3.A77Dental implications of obstructive sleep apnoea, Suppl.3.A78Detection of cortical EEG arousals from a neural network

analysis, Suppl.3.A76Epidemiology of sleep apnoea, Suppl.2.65Facilities for investigation and treatment of sleep apnoea in theUK, Suppl.3.A4

Home oximetry versus full polysomnography in the detectionof obstructive sleep apnoea, Suppl.3.A4

Quality of life before and after nasal continuous positive airwaypressure treatment for obstructive sleep apnoea,Suppl.3.A4

Referral sources and outcomes from 1 years home oximetrystudies in patients with suspected sleep apnoea,Suppl.3.A77


Response of bed-partners and patients to nasal continuouspositive airway pressure for obstructive sleep apnoea,Suppl.3.A78

Survey of sleep service provision in North Thames Region,UK, Suppl.3.A79

Sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndromeComparison of partially attended night time respiratory

recordings and full polysomnography in patients with sus-pected sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome, 1043

Effect of chronic continuous positive airway pressure therapyon upper airway size in patients with sleep apnoea/hypop-noea syndrome, 190

Effects of naloxone of upper airway collapsibility in normalsleeping subjects, 851

HLA-typing in patients with sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syn-drome, Suppl.3.A78


Respiratory dreams and nightmares: Altounyan address, 882Validation and clinical use of home sleep studies in the sleep

apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome, Suppl.3.A4Sleep service provision, A survey of sleep service provision inNorth Thames Region, UK, Suppl.3.A79

Sleep study service, Audit of a sleep study service 1993-1995,Suppl.3.A79

Small cell bronchogenic carcinoma, A malignant pleuraleffusion infected with Salmonella enteritidis, 104; commentary, 107

Small cell lung cancerEnhanced survival in small cell lung cancer with dose modifi-

cation according to renal function, Suppl.3.A55Phase II study of an intensive modified 'ICE' regimen in

patients with good prognosis small cell lung cancer,Suppl.3.A54

Smoke inhalation injury, Assessment of short and long termmorbidity following smoke inhalation injury, Suppl.3.A43

Smokers (smoking)Airways obstruction, chronic expectoration, and rapid decline

Subject index

of FEV, in smokers are associated with increased levels ofsputum neutrophils, 267

Atopy, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and peak flow variabili-ty in children with mild occasional wheezing, 272

Cigarette smoke enhances house dust mite allergen (Der pl)-induced changes in permeability ofhuman bronchial epithe-lial cell cultures, Suppl.3.A51

Effects of cigarette smoking and duration of work on the lungfunction of coal miners, Suppl.3.A43


Epithelial permeability in vivo and in vitro and TNFot in non-smokers and smokers, Suppl.3.A52

Functional status and well being in chronic obstructive pul-monary disease with regard to clinical parameters andsmoking: a descriptive and comparative study, 825

Lung function in healthy never smoking adults: referencevalues and lower limits of normal of a Swiss population,277Manganese superoxide dismutase mRNA expression isdecreased in LPS-stimulated alveolar macrophages fromcigarette smokers, Suppl.3.A52

Mechanisms of cigarette smoke induced increased airspacepermeability, 465

Nitric oxide in exhaled air of cigarette smokers, Suppl.3.A18Oxidant/antioxidant imbalance in smokers and chronic

obstructive pulmonary disease: editorial, 348Relationship of serum IgE concentration to level and rate of

decline of pulmonary function: the Normative Aging Study,787


Salmeterol in smokers with COPD: letter, 110Smoking and quality of life among adult patients prescribed

bronchodilators, Suppl.3.A66Tobacco: the Third World War- advice from General Sun

Tzu, 562Two dimensional protein patterns of bronchoalveolar lavage

fluid from non-smokers, smokers, and subjects exposed toasbestos, 1028

Smooth muscle cellsAngiotensin II causes proliferation of rat pulmonary microvas-

cular smooth muscle cells, Suppl.3.A35Cultured human airway smooth muscle cells release PGE2 in

response to bradykinin, growth factors and arachidonicacid, Suppl.3.A38

Interleukin-l causes induction of cyclooxygenase-2 in cul-tured human airway smooth muscle cells, Suppl.3.A39

Synthesis of cyclic guanosine monophosphate in culturedhuman airway smooth muscle cells, Suppl.3.A38

Tuberous sclerosis 2 gene product tuberin is constitutivelyexpressed in human airway smooth muscle and upregulatedby serum, Suppl.3.A67

Smut, Hypersensitivity pneumonitis induced by a smut fungusUstilago esculenta, 650: commentary, 656

Sniff nasal inspiratory pressure, Measurement of sniff nasalinspiratory pressure using a portable mouth pressure meter,Suppl.3.A45

SnoringDevelopment of a validated snoring questionnaire: repeatabili-

ty of questions, Suppl.3.A77Effect of snoring on respiratory effort measured indirectly by

beat to beat blood pressure, Suppl.3.A76Epidemiology of sleep apnoea, Suppl.2.65Mandibular positioning devices for the control of snoring,

Suppl.3.A5Social deprivationAsthma, its treatment and social deprivation- the effect on

growth in children, Suppl.3.A14Do white European and Indian-subcontinent asthmatics differ

in their quality of life? Suppl.3.A30Sodium channel blockers, Modification of nasal membrane

potential difference with inhaled amiloride and loperamide inthe cystic fibrosis mouse, 1229

Sodium dithionite urine test, Pulse therapy with cyclophos-phamide and methylprednisolone in patients with moderate tosevere paraquat poisoning: preliminary report, 661

Sodium metabisulphiteComparison of three inhaled non-steroidal anti-inflammatory

drugs on the airway response to sodium metabisulphite andadenosine 5'-monophosphate challenge in asthma, 799

Subject index

Respiratory sensation during bronchial challenge testing withmethacholine, sodium metabisulphite, and adenosinemonophosphate, 793

Soybean epidemic asthma, Comparison of soybean epidemicasthma and occupational asthma, 743

Spacer deviceEffect of electrostatic charge, flow, delay and multiple actua-

tions on the in vitro delivery of salbutamol from differentsmall volume spacers for infants, 985


Inhalational drug delivery from seven different spacer devices, 835Non-CFC salbutamol metered dose inhaler performance with

a spacer device, Suppl.3.A75Specialist care, In-patients with lung cancer: a study of the

extent of non-referral to specialist care, Suppl.3.A7Spiral CT scanning, Spiral computed tomographic scanning of

the chest with three dimensional imaging in the diagnosis andmanagement of paediatric intrathoracic airway obstruction, 1005

Spiral volumetric computed tomography, Role of spiral vol-umetric computed tomographic scanning in the assessment ofpatients with clinical suspicion of pulmonary embolism and anabnormal ventilation/perfusion lung scan, 23

SpirometerCOPD guidelines and general practice - use of spirometers,

Suppl.3.A44Long term performance of a hand held spirometer, 973

SpirometryAssessment of a new transtelephonic portable spirometer, 407Effect of altitude on spirometric parameters and the perfor-

mance of peak flow meters, 175Long term performance of a hand held spirometer, 973Lung function in healthy never smoking adults: reference val-

ues and lower limits of normal of a Swiss population, 277Relationship of serum IgE concentration to level and rate of

decline of pulmonary function: the Normative Aging Study,787

Symptomatic and spirometric change during exacerbations ofchronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Suppl.3.A19

Splanchnic circulation, Peritoneal ventilation in rabbits: aug-mentation of gas exchange with cisapride, 82

Spoligotyping, A study of the epidemiology of sputum-positivepulmonary tuberculosis in Harare, Zimbabwe - analysis byspoligotyping, Suppl.3.A33

Spontaneous pneumothorax, Lung disease induced by drugaddiction: letter, 556

Spores, Binding of AspergiUusfumigatus spores to lung epithelialcells and basement membrane proteins: relevance to the asth-matic lung, 1203

Sports, Asthma and other pulmonary diseases in former eliteathletes, 288

SputumAirways obstruction, chronic expectoration, and rapid decline

of FEVy in smokers are associated with increased levels ofsputum neutrophils, 267

Blood and sputum sol inflammatory markers, Suppl.3.A80Cell counts in spontaneous sputum during exacerbations of

asthma and COPD, Suppl.3.A80Chronic sputum production: correlations between clinical

features and findings on high resolution computed tomo-graphic scanning of the chest, 914


Evaluation of nebulised acetylcysteine and normal saline in thetreatment of sputum retention following thoracotomy, 429

In vivo effects of recombinant human DNase I on sputum inpatients with cystic fibrosis, 119

Induced sputum from patients with sarcoidosis is more cellu-lar than that from control subjects, Suppl.3.A12

Induced sputum profiles in asthma of differing severity,Suppl.3.A80


Reproducibility of induced sputum cell counts and fluid phaseECP, Suppl.3.A80

Role of sputum differential cell count in detecting airwayinflammation in patients with chronic bronchial asthma orCOPD, 1000

Sputum leukotriene B4 during infective exacerbations ofchronic bronchitis, Suppl.3.A81

1317

Use of a sputum colour chart in the assessment of bronchialinflammation, Suppl.3.A82

Staging, Factors affecting long term survival following resectionfor lung cancer, 1266

Staphylococcal pneumonia, Radiographic features of staphy-lococcal pneumonia in adults and children, 539

Stents (stenting)Airway Wallstent for the treatment of tracheobronchial malig-

nancies, 1127Chemodectoma of the trachea, 341Expandable metal stents for non-malignant bronchial obstruc-

tion, 963Respiratory failure due to tracheobronchomalacia, 224; com-

mentary, 226Treatment of large airway obstruction in lung cancer using

expandable metal stents inserted under direct vision via thefibreoptic bronchoscope, 248

Yet more to see down the bronchial tree? commentary, 226Sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis, Sternocostoclavicular

hyperostosis presenting with thoracic sinus formation, 550SteroidsAcute steroid trials in COPD: lessons from the ISOLDE trial,

Suppl.3.A44Chlamydia pneumoniae antibody titres are significantly associat-

ed with the use of steroid medication in respiratory disease,Suppl.3.A14


Moderately severe asthma controlled at a significantly lowerdose from a new CFC-free steroid inhaler, Suppl.3.A73


Steroids, surfactant and lung disease: editorial, 880Steroids in exacerbations of asthma: tablets or inhalers? edito-

rial, 1071Systemic effects of high dose budesonide (4 mg) taken by four

inhaler systems and orally, Suppl.3.A72Systemic effects of high dose inhaled steroids (budesonide,beclomethasone and fluticasone) taken via large volumespacer, Suppl.3.A71

Streptococcus pneumoniaeAntibiotic resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae: one hospital's

experience, Suppl.3.A13Antibiotic resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae, Suppl.2.45

Streptokinase, The systemic fibrinolytic activity of intra-pleuralstreptokinase in humans, Suppl.3.A67

StridorAspergillus laryngotracheobronchitis presenting as stridor in a

patient with peripheral T cell lymphoma, 869Myasthenia gravis presenting with stridor, 108

Subcutaneous emphysema, Pneumomediastinum secondaryto use of a high speed air turbine drill during a dental extrac-tion, 339; commentary, 340

Substance P, Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor-inducedcough and substance P, 199

Suicide attempt, Severe lipoid pneumonia following attemptedsuicide by mineral oil immersion, 652: commentary, 656

Sulphur dioxide, Evidence for opioid modulation and generationof prostaglandins in sulphur dioxide-induced bronchoconstric-tion, 159

Superoxide anion, Inhibition of the alveolar macrophage oxida-tive burst by a diffusible component from the surface of thespores of the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus, 389

Superoxide dismutase, Pulmonary effects of short term seleni-um deficiency, 479

Supplemental oxygen, Assessment of oxygen supplementationduring air travel, 202

SurfactantEffect of contact avoidance or treatment with oral prednisolone

on bronchoalveolar lavage surfactant protein A levels in sub-jects with farmer's lung, 1210

Steroids, surfactant and lung disease: editorial, 880Surfactant protein levels, Measurement of pulmonary statusand surfactant protein levels during dexamethasone treatmentof neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, 907

Surfactant replacement therapy, Surfactant replacementtherapy, 1137

SurgeryDelays in the diagnosis and surgical treatment oflung cancer, 903

1318


SurvivalFactors affecting long term survival following resection for

lung cancer, 1266Long term survival and nutritional data in patients with cystic

fibrosis treated in a Danish centre, 1023Suspended particulate matter, Suspended particulate matterand health: new light on an old problem: editorial, 1174

SV40, Simian virus 40 large T antigen (SV40LTAg) primer spe-cific DNA amplification in human pleural meosthelioma tis-sue, 1074

Systemic lupus erythematosus, Pulmonary function in chil-dren with systemic lupus erythematosus, 424

T cell lymphoma, Aspergillus laryngotracheobronchitis present-ing as stridor in a patient with peripheral T cell lymphoma, 869

T cellsGamma/delta cells in tissue from patients with sarcoidosis,

1123T lymphocytes and silica-induced pulmonary inflammation

and fibrosis in mice, 1036T lymphocytopenia, Pneumocystis carinii in a patient with pul-monary sarcoidosis and idiopathic CD4+ T lymphocytopenia,446: commentary, 448

Tachyphylaxis, Salmeterol tachyphylaxis in steroid treated asth-matic subjects, 1100

Temperature, Effect of outdoor temperature on daily lungfunction and exacerbations in patients with COPD,Suppl.3.A19

TerbutalineComparison of the systemic effects of salbutamol and terbu-


Effect of regular terbutaline on the airway response to inhaledbudesonide, 989

Effects of cessation of terbutaline treatment on airway obstruc-tion and responsiveness in patients with chronic obstructivepulmonary disease, 684

Textile workers, Epidemic outbreak of interstitial lung diseasein aerographics textile workers - the "Ardystil syndrome": afirst year follow up, 94

TheophyllinePhosphodiesterase inhibitors: Lily the Pink's medicinal com-

pound for asthma?, 647Potentiation of the bronchoprotective effects of vasoactive

intestinal peptide, isoprenaline, and theophylline againsthistamine challenge in anaesthetised guinea pigs byadrenomedullin, 1199

Theophylline assay system, Comparison of a desktop and alaboratory theophylline assay system in clinical practice,Suppl.3.A61

Thin-section spiral volumetric CT, Thin-section spiral volu-metric CT for the assessment of lobar and segmental bronchialstenosis, Suppl.3.A70

Thiorphan, Effect of inhaled thiorphan, a neutral endopep-tidase inhibitor, on the bronchodilator response to inhaledatrial natriuretic peptide, 71

Thoracic sinus, Sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis presentingwith thoracic sinus formation, 550

Thoracic surgery, Video assisted thoracic surgery for sponta-neous pneumothorax, Suppl.2.23

Thoracotomy, Evaluation of nebulised acetylcysteine and nor-mal saline in the treatment of sputum retention following tho-racotomy, 429

Thorax, Annual Report October 1995 to September 1996,1177

Three-dimensional imaging, Spiral computed tomographicscanning of the chest with three dimensional imaging in thediagnosis and management of paediatric intrathoracic airwayobstruction, 1005

Threshold loading device, Reliability of a commercially avail-able threshold loading device in healthy subjects and inpatients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 601

ThunderstormsCauses of thunderstorm-related asthma, Suppl.3.A1Effect of ozone, thunderstorms and other weather conditions

on the respiratory function of asthmatics, Suppl.3.A1Thymectomy, Surgical treatment of myasthenia gravis in twomajor Middle East teaching hospitals: factors influencing out-

come, 193Thymoma, Myasthenia gravis presenting with stridor, 108

Subject index

Tidal breathing, Effect of salbutamol on input impedancemeasurements in laryngectomized subjects during tidal breath-ing, Suppl.3.A46

Tidal breathing parameters, Tidal breathing parameters inthe first week of life and subsequent cough and wheeze, 815

Tobacco, Tobacco: the Third World War - advice from GeneralSun Tzu, 562

Topical treatment, Topical treatment of life threateninghaemoptysis from aspergillomas, 253

Toxocariasis, Pleural effusion and toxocariasis, 106; commen-tary, 107

Tracheal aspirates, Measurement of pulmonary status and sur-factant protein levels during dexamethasone treatment ofneonatal respiratory distress syndrome, 907

Tracheal carcinoma, High dose-rate intraluminal radiotherapyfor tracheal carcinoma, Suppl.3.A55

Tracheal epithelium, Prostaglandin E2 production by ovinetracheal epithelium: control by cyclic nucleotides,Suppl.3.A38

Tracheobronchial endometriosis, Bronchoscopic and angio-graphic findings in tracheobronchial endometriosis, 1060: com-mentary, 1064

Tracheobronchial malignancies, An Airway Wallstent for thetreatment of tracheobronchial malignancies, 1127

Tracheobronchial tumours, Treatment of large airwayobstruction in lung cancer using expandable metal stents insert-ed under direct vision via the fibreoptic bronchoscope, 248

Tracheobronchitis, Aspergillus laryngotracheobronchitis pre-senting as stridor in a patient with peripheral T cell lymphoma,869

TracheobronchomalaciaRespiratory failure due to tracheobronchomalacia, 224; com-

mentary, 226Yet more to see down the bronchial tree? commentary, 226

Transcutaneous carbon dioxide, Comparison of oximetry andtranscutaneous carbon dioxide levels in patients undergoingfibreoptic bronchoscopy, Suppl.3.A70

Transdiaphragmatic pressure, Transdiaphragmatic pressurein quadriplegic individuals ventilated by diaphragmatic pace-maker, 420

Transgenic mice, Modification of nasal membrane potentialdifference with inhaled amiloride and loperamide in the cysticfibrosis mouse, 1229

Transphrenic spread, Transphrenic dissemination of actino-mycosis, 449

Transtelephonic spirometer, Assessment of a new transtele-phonic portable spirometer, 407

Transtracheal needle aspiration, Transtracheal aspirationusing rigid bronchoscopy and a rigid needle for investigatingmediastinal masses, 197

Triamcinolone acetonide, Adrenal suppression with inhaledfluticasone propionate and triamcinolone acetonide in normalsubjects, Suppl.3.A72

Trichomonas tenax, Pulmonary eosinophilia due toTrichomonas tenax, 554

Trypsin, Bronchoalveolar lavage with trypsin in pulmonary alve-olar proteinosis, 769

Tuberculin positivity, Tuberculin testing in two Liverpoolsocial clubs: the effects of a tuberculosis outbreak on back-ground positivity, 624

Tuberculin responses, Inverse association between tuberculinresponses and atopic disorder, Suppl.3.A1

TuberculosisAudit of a respiratory nurse tuberculosis service, Suppl.3.A34Audit of tuberculosis treatment, Suppl.3.A34Comparison of characteristics of patients and treatment out-

come for pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacterial infec-tion and pulmonary tuberculosis, 137

Comparison of polymerase chain reaction for IS6 110 andAmplicor in the diagnosis of tuberculosis, 320

Culture positive tuberculosis in HIV seropositive patients inthe UK, 1993-94, Suppl.3.A9

Cutaneous TB - a 15 year prospective series 1981-95,Suppl.3.A31

Distribution of cases in a borough with a high incidence oftuberculosis, Suppl.3.A32

Drug resistant tuberculosis in England and Wales, 1993-1995,Suppl.3.A8

Effect of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its components onmacrophages and the release of matrix metalloproteinases,306

Evaluation of a directly observed six month fully intermittent

Subject index

treatment regimen for tuberculosis in patients suspected ofpoor compliance, 1130

Hepatotoxicity of antituberculosis drugs: editorial, 111: letters,873, 1168

High resolution computed tomographic findings in pulmonarytuberculosis, 397

How valuable are routine bronchial washings for TB studies?Suppl.3.A32

Increased inflammatory cytokines and new collagen formationin cutaneous tuberculosis and sarcoidosis, 1253

Increasing incidence of tuberculosis in the young and elderly inScotland, 140

Intrathoracic tuberculous lymphadenopathy: clinical and bron-choscopic features in 17 adults without parenchymallesions, 87: letter, 967

Lack of skin test reactivity to common mycobacterial antigensin human immunodeficiency virus infected individuals withhigh CD4 counts, 932

Long-term trends in tuberculosis: comparison of age-cohortdata in Hong Kong and England and Wales, Suppl.3.A9

Management of lymph node TB in England and Wales 1993,Suppl.3.A31

Management of pulmonary TB in England and Wales in 1993,Suppl.3.A31

Management of pulmonary tuberculosis in adults notified inScotland in 1993, Suppl.3.A31

Programme of directly observed therapy for tuberculosis inLondon, Suppl.3.A32

Rapid detection of MDR-TB in clinical samples,Suppl.3.A32

Recent increases in tuberculosis notifications in Liverpool: theinfluence of immigration, Suppl.3.A33

Risk factors for drug resistance in patients with tuberculosis inEngland and Wales 1993-94, Suppl.3.A8

Risk factors for hepatotoxicity from antituberculosis drugs: a

case-control study, 132Scottish national survey of tuberculosis notifications 1993

with special reference to the prevalence of HIV seroposi-tivity, 78

Seasonality of tuberculosis: the reverse of other respiratory dis-eases in the UK, 944

Study of the epidemiology of sputum-positive pulmonarytuberculosis in Harare, Zimbabwe - analysis by spoligo-typing, Suppl.3.A33

Tuberculin testing in two Liverpool social clubs: the effects ofa tuberculosis outbreak on background positivity, 624

Tuberculosis in health care workers in the West Midlands 1992to 1995, Suppl.3.A9

Understanding the different inflammatory responses to liveand dead BCG: a prerequisite for improved vaccine design,Suppl.3.A34

Tuberin, The tuberous sclerosis 2 gene product tuberin is con-

stitutively expressed in human airway smooth muscle andupregulated by serum, Suppl.3.A67

Tuberous sclerosis, The tuberous sclerosis 2 gene producttuberin is constitutively expressed in human airway smoothmuscle and upregulated by serum, Suppl.3.A67

Tumour-bearing lungs, Endocrine cells in tumour-bearinglungs, 721

Tumour necrosis factor, Mechanisms of cigarette smokeinduced increased airspace permeability, 465

Tumour necrosis factor a, Interleukin 10 (IL- 10) regulation oftumour necrosis factor a (TNF-a) from human alveolarmacrophages and peripheral blood monocytes, 143

Tumour suppressor genes, Presence of human papillomavirusDNA and abnormal p53 protein accumulation in lung carci-noma, 887

TurbohalerBricanyl Turbohaler, Serevent Accuhaler and Foradil aerolizer

comparative drug delivery, Suppl.3.A73Comparison ofpMDI plus Nebuhaler and Turbohaler in asth-

matic patients with dysphonia, Suppl.3.A74Home assessment of peak inspiratory flow through the

Turbohaler in asthmatic patients, 433: correction, 1068Particle size selection device for use with the Turbohaler, 537Systemic effects of high dose budesonide (4 mg) taken by four

inhaler systems and orally, Suppl.3.A72Turbohaler: objective assessment of patient generated flow,

Suppl.3.A75Turbuhaler, Peak inspiratory flow through Turbuhaler in chron-

ic obstructive pulmonary disease, Suppl.3.A75Two dimensional gel electrophoresis, Two dimensional pro-

1319

tein patterns of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from non-smok-ers, smokers, and subjects exposed to asbestos, 1028

Upholstered chairs, Reducing exposure to cat allergen in hos-pitals: the effect of regular vacuum cleaning on Fel d 1 inupholstered chairs, Suppl.3.A41

Upper airway dilators, Effects of naloxone of upper airway col-lapsibility in normal sleeping subjects, 851

Upper airway size, Effect of chronic continuous positive airwaypressure therapy on upper airway size in patients with sleepapnoea/hypopnoea syndrome, 190

Ustilago esculenta, Hypersensitivity pneumonitis induced by asmut fungus Ustilago esculenta, 650: commentary, 656

Vaccination, The effect of influenza vaccination on airwayresponsiveness in patients with stable asthma, Suppl.3.A2

Vaccine design, Understanding the different inflammatoryresponses to live and dead BCG: a prerequisite for improvedvaccine design, Suppl.3.A34

Vascular remodelling, Cell signalling in pulmonary vascularcells: do not shoot the messenger!, 864

Vasodilation, Impairment of endothelium-dependent pul-monary vasodilation in patients with primary pulmonaryhypertension, 89

Venoms, Scorpion venoms: taking the sting out of lung disease,546

VentilationDomiciliary ventilation in chronic obstructive pulmonary dis-

ease: where are we? editorial, 455Gastric intramural pH in mechanically ventilated patients,

606Negative pressure ventilation in acute hypercapnic chronic

obstructive pulmonary disease: editorial, 1069Neurological complications of severe illness and prolonged

mechanical ventilation, Suppl.2.40Non-invasive ventilation for exacerbations of respiratory

failure in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,Suppl.2.35

Nosocomial pneumonia during mechanical ventilation: letter,771

Techniques in mechanical ventilation: principles and practice,756

Ventilator-associated pneumoniaNosocomial pneumonia during mechanical ventilation: letter,

771Value of intracellular bacteria detection in the diagnosis of ven-

tilator associated pneumonia, 378Ventilatory breakaway, Is ventilatory breakaway in heavy exer-

cise really due to metabolic acidaemia? Suppl.3.A20Ventilatory capacity, Longitudinal effects of change in bodymass on measurements of ventilatory capacity, 699

Video assisted thoracic surgery, Video assisted thoracicsurgery for spontaneous pneumothorax, Suppl.2.23

Vocal cord dysfunction, Functional upper airways obstruction:two patients with persistent symptoms, 965

Volumatic spacerEffect of multiple actuations, delayed inhalation and antistatic

treatment on the lung bioavailability of salbutamol via aspacer device, 981


Wallstent, An Airway Wallstent for the treatment of tracheo-bronchial malignancies, 1127

Weather conditions, Effect of ozone, thunderstorms and otherweather conditions on the respiratory function of asthmatics,Suppl.3.Al

Wheeze (wheezing)Atopy, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and peak flow variability

in children with mild occasional wheezing, 272Bronchiolitis and asthma in infancy and early childhood

Suppl.2.60Descriptive study of cough, wheeze and school absence in

childhood, 630Evaluation of nocturnal bronchoconstriction by all night tra-

cheal sound monitoring, 694Factors affecting symptom frequency in adolescents with

wheeze, Suppl.3.A22Premorbid infant respiratory function and wheezing in the first

year of life: a population based study in London,Suppl.3.A15

1320

Risk factors for adult onset wheezing, Suppl.3.A22Study of the aetiology of wheezing illness at age 16 in two

national British birth cohorts, 670Wheezing illness in childhood - the changing contribution of

non-virus-associated wheeze, Suppl.3.A22Whipple's disease, Whipple's disease presenting with lung

involvement, 343Whitehouse report, Cancer care delivery: are the standards in

the Whitehouse report attainable, Suppl.3.A7'Windmill trainer' device, Randomised controlled assessmentof a 'Windmill Trainer' device in the measurement of PEF inchildren, Suppl.3.A61

Subject index

Women, The impact of severe asthma on the lives of women,Suppl.3.A64

Work, Respiratory irritants encountered at work, 541

X-rays, Radiographic features of staphylococcal pneumonia inadults and children, 539

Xanthine, Pro-oxidant hypoxanthine and xanthine in the plasmaof patients with ARDS, Suppl.3.A53

Zielke VDS instrumentation, Pulmonary function before andafter anterior spinal surgery in adult idiopathic scoliosis, 534

insoraxThe Journal of the British Thoracic Society

VOLUME 51

President: J E STARK

Executive Editors:J R Britton and A J KnoxAssociate Editors: N C Barnes, M W Elliott, J A Fleetham, N M Foley, B G Higgins, N H0iby,

S A Lewis, M R Miller, M F Muers, D F Rogers, D P Strachan, W S Walker,J 0 Warner, R J D Winter

Technical Editor: Elizabeth StockmanEditorial Assistant: Hilary Hughes

Advisory BoardS H Abman USAJ M Anto SpainP J Barnes UKE D Bateman South AfricaP S Burge UK

D M Geddes UKP Goldstraw UKC Haslett UKP J Helms UKG J Laurent UK

F D Martinez USAD M Mitchell UKA J Peacock UKR M Rudd UKN A Saunders Australia

P D Sly AustraliaM J Tobin USAM Woodhead UKEditor,

British Medical 3tournal

VOLUME 51 * CONTENTS

No 1 JANUARY 1996 Page Editorials1 Continuous volume computed tomography in pulmonary embolism: the answer, or just another test?

D M Hansell, S P G Padley3 Candidate gene loci in asthmatic and allergic inflammation J Wilkinson, S T Holgate9 Doppler assessment of pulmonary haemodynamics in chronic hypoxic lung disease 0 C Burghuber

Altounyan address13 Air pollution: brown skies research A E Tattersfield

Original articles23 Role of spiral volumetric computed tomographic scanning in the assessment of patients with clinical

suspicion of pulmonary embolism and an abnormal ventilation/perfusion lung scan A B van Rossum,F E E Treurniet, G J7 Kieft, SJ Smith, R Schepers-Bok

29 Compliance with treatment in adult patients with cystic fibrosis S P Conway, M N Pond, T Hamnett,A Watson

34 Knowledge of adult patients with cystic fibrosis about their illness S P Conway, M N Pond, A Watson,T Hamnett

39 Determinants of health-related quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseC A Jr Ketelaars, M A G Schlosser, R Mostert, H Huyer Abu-Saad, R J G Halfens, E FM Wouters

44 Quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and severe hypoxaemiaA A Okubadejo, P WJ7ones, J A Wedzicha

48 Dose response study of ipratropium bromide aerosol on maximum exercise performance in stablepatients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease A Ikeda, K Nishimura, H Koyama, M Tsukino,M Mishima, T Izumi

54 Evaluation of the 02 adrenoceptor agonist/antagonist activity of formoterol and salmeterol A Grove,B J Lipworth

59 Usual dietary salt intake and asthma in children: a case-control study K Demissie, P Ernst, K GrayDonald, L J7oseph

64 Effect of endobronchial aspirin challenge on inflammatory cells in bronchial biopsy samples from aspirin-sensitive asthmatic subjects S Nasser, P E Christie, R Pfister, A R Sousa, A Walls, M Schmitz-Schumann,TH Lee

71 Effect of inhaled thiorphan, a neutral endopeptidase inhibitor, on the bronchodilator response to inhaledatrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) R M Angus, E A Millar, G W Chalmers, N C Thomson

75 In vitro assessment of drug delivery through an endotracheal tube using a dry powder inhaler deliverysystem M L Everard, S G Devadason, P N Le Souef

78 Scottish national survey of tuberculosis notifications 1993 with special reference to the prevalence ofHIV seropositivity A G Leitch, M Rubilar, J3 Curnow, G Boyd, G I Forbes, S Burns, B Watt

82 Peritoneal ventilation in rabbits: augmentation of gas exchange with cisapride J Bar, G Lushkov,S Strauss, S Gurevitch, E Lahat, T Bistritzer, B Klin, G Eshel

Short papers87 Intrathoracic tuberculous lymphadenopathy: clinical and bronchoscopic features in 17 adults without

parenchymal lesions R Baran, M Tor, K Tahaoglu, K Ozvaran, A Kir, 0 Kizkin, H Turker89 Impairment of endothelium-dependent pulmonary vasodilation in patients with primary pulmonary

hypertension S Jr Brett, S R Gibbs, J7 R Pepper, T W Evans92 Neurone-specific enolase levels in pleural effusions in patients with rheumatoid arthritis P Nyberg,

T Soderblom, T Pettersson, H Riska, M Klockars, L Linko94 Epidemic outbreak of interstitial lung disease in aerographics textile workers - the "Ardystil syndrome":

a first year follow up A Sole, PJ_ Cordero, P Morales, M E Martinez, F Vera, C MoyaReview series

96 Occupational lung disease: Introduction - New developments in occupational lung disease P S Burge97 Occupational lung disease: 1 - Exposure to crystalline silica and risk of lung cancer: the epidemiological

evidence H Weill, J C McDonald

Case reports103 Pleural non-Hodgkin's lymphoma arising in a patient with chronic pyothorax N Y Hsu, C Y Chen,

S T Pan, C P Hsu104 A malignant pleural effusion infected with Salmonella enteritidis G V Gill, A Holden106 Pleural effusion and toxocariasis TJreanfaivre, B Cimon, N Tolstuchow, L de Gentile, D Chabasse, E Tuchais107 Commentary: pleural empyema and malignancy - another dimension P H Johnson, J T Macfarlane108 Myasthenia gravis presenting with stridor J7A Hanson, C Jt Lueck, D J Thomas

Letters to the editor110 Salmeterol in smokers with COPD B J Lipworth; C S Ulrik

Miscellaneous110 Notices

No 2 FEBRUARY 1996 Editorials111 Hepatotoxicity of antituberculosis drugs L P Ormerod, C Skinner, J Wales on behalf of the Joint Tuberculosis

Committee of the BTS114 Acute lung injury following lung resection: is one lung anaesthesia to blame? E A Williams, T W Evans,

P Goldstraw117 Pulmonary rehabilitation at home PJ7 Wijkstra

Original articles119 In vivo effects of recombinant human DNase I on sputum in patients with cystic fibrosis P L Shah,

S F Scott, R A Knight, C Marriott, C Ranasinha, M E Hodson126 Resting energy expenditure and oxygen cost of breathing in patients with cystic fibrosis S C Bell,

M _r Saunders, _r S Elborn, D J Shale132 Risk factors for hepatotoxicity from antituberculosis drugs: a case-control study J N Pande, S P N Singh,

G C Khilnani, S Khilnani, R K Tandon137 Comparison of characteristics of patients and treatment outcome for pulmonary non-tuberculous

mycobacterial infection and pulmonary tuberculosis N Al J7arad, P Demertzis, D J Meecham J7ones,N C Barnes, R M Rudd, H Gaya, JfA Wedzicha, D T Hughes, D W Empey

140 Increasing incidence of tuberculosis in the young and the elderly in Scotland J S Duffield, WH Adams,M Anderson, A G Leitch

143 Interleukin 10 (IL-10) regulation of tumour necrosis factor a (TNF-a) from human alveolarmacrophages and peripheral blood monocytes L Armstrong, N_Jordan, A Millar

150 Induction of interleukin 6 and interleukin 8 expression by Broncho-Vaxom (OM-85 BV) via C-Fos/serum responsive element R Keul, M Roth, E Papakonstantinou, M Nauck, A P Perruchoud, L H Block

155 Priming effect of platelet activating factor on leukotriene C4 from stimulated eosinophils of asthmaticpatients K Shindo, K Koide, Y Hirai, M Sumitomo, M Fukumura

159 Evidence for opioid modulation and generation of prostaglandins in sulphur dioxide (SO2)-inducedbronchoconstriction P I Field, R Simmul, S C Bell, D H Allen, N Berend

164 Prevalence and treatment of chronic airways obstruction in adults over the age of 45 D S Renwick,M J Connolly

169 Asthma, airways responsiveness, and air pollution in two contrasting districts of northern EnglandG Devereux, T Ayatollahi, R Ward, C Bromly, S J' Bourke, S C Stenton, D J Hendrick

175 Effect of altitude on spirometric parameters and the performance of peak flow meters A J Pollard,N P Mason, P W Barry, R C Pollard, D Jr Collier, R S Fraser, M R Miller, J S Milledge

179 Multiple pathogens in adult patients admitted with community-acquired pneumonia: a one yearprospective study of 346 consecutive patients D Lieberman, F Schlaeffer, I Boldur, D Lieberman,S Horowitz, M G Friedman, M Leiononen, 0 Horovitz, E Manor, A Porath

185 Clinical picture of community-acquired Chlamydia pneumoniae pneumonia requiring hospital treatment:a comparison between chlamydial and pneumococcal pneumonia M T Kauppinen, P Saikku, P Kujala,E Herva, H Syrjdld

190 Effect of chronic continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy on upper airway size in patientswith sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome I L Mortimore, P Kochhar, NJt Douglas

193 Surgical treatment of myasthenia gravis in two major Middle East teaching hospitals: factors influencingoutcome S A Hassantash, D G Ashbaugh, E D Verier, R V Maier

Short papers197 Transtracheal aspiration using rigid bronchoscopy and a rigid needle for investigating mediastinal masses

M L Wilsher, A M Gurley199 Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor-induced cough and substance P M Tomaki, M Ichinose,

M Miura, Y Hirayama, N Kageyama, H Yamauchi, K Shirato202 Assessment of oxygen supplementation during air travel D Cramer, S Ward, D Geddes204 Pulmonary capillary blood volume in patients with probable pulmonary Kaposi's sarcoma F Camus,

C de Picciotto, J Gerbe, S Roy, 0 Bouchaud, E Casalino, C Perronne207 Exercise-induced asthma and cardiovascular fitness in asthmatic children B J Thio, A F Nagelkerke,

A G Ketel, B L van Keeken, J E Dankert-Roelse

Review series210 Occupational lung disease: 2 - New developments in asbestos-related pleural disease R M Rudd

Science matters217 Introduction D F Rogers, G J Laurent218 NO or no NO in asthma? PJ7 Barnes

Case reports221 Pulmonary actinomycosis appearing as a "ball-in-hole" on chest radiography and bronchoscopy

M-J Hsieh, W-B Shieh, K-S Chen, T-J Yu, H-P Kuo, Y-H Tsai223 Primary malignant melanoma of the bronchus D J Farrell, A P Kashyap, T Ashcroft, G N Morritt224 Respiratory failure due to tracheobronchomalacia Ph Collard, L Freitag, M S Reynaert, D 0 Rodenstein,

Ch Francis226 Commentary: yet more to see down the bronchial tree? M R Hetzel

Letters to the editor228 Bronchiectasis and homozygous (PIZZ) ocl-antitrypsin deficiency F Al-Kassimi * Pulmonary diseases and

HIV infection M Fisher, D Asboe, B G Gazzard

Miscellaneous228 Book notice * Notice

No 3 MARCH 1996 Editorials229 Glucocorticosteroids and pulmonary sarcoidosis 0 Selroos231 Chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer: time to re-examine our attitudes R L Souhami233 Exhaled nitric oxide: a new lung function test PJ Barnes, S A Kharitonov

Original articles238 British Thoracic Society Sarcoidosis study: effects of long term corticosteroid treatment G J Gibson,

R Jr Prescott, M F Muers, W G Middleton, D N Mitchell, C K Connolly, B D W Harrison248 Treatment of large airway obstruction in lung cancer using expandable metal stents inserted under direct

vision via the fibreoptic bronchoscope G E Wilson, M Jf Walshaw, C R K Hind

253 Topical treatment of life threatening haemoptysis from aspergillomas M Rumbak, G Kohler, C Eastrige,H Winer-Muram, M Gavant

256 Aspergillosis in immunocompromised paediatric patients: associations with building hygiene, design, andindoor air K Anderson, G Morris, H Kennedy, _' Croall, 7 Michie, M D Richardson, B Gibson

262 Comparative adrenal suppression with inhaled budesonide and fluticasone propionate in adult asthmaticpatients D J Clark, A Grove, R I Cargill, B J Lipworth

267 Airways obstruction, chronic expectoration, and rapid decline of FEV, in smokers are associated withincreased levels of sputum neutrophils D Stdnescu, A Sanna, C Veriter, S Kostianev, P G Cakagni,L M Fabbri, P Maestrelli

272 Atopy, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and peak flow variability in children with mild occasionalwheezing H Roizin, A Reshef, I Katz, S Benzaray, M Lison, R J7 Shiner

277 Lung function in healthy never smoking adults: reference values and lower limits of normal of a Swisspopulation 0 Brandli, Ch Schindler, N Kiinzli, R Keller, A P Perruchoud, and SAPALDIA team

284 Relationship between the acid-induced cough response and airway responsiveness and obstruction inchildren with asthma T Shimizu, H Mochizuki, K Tokuyama, A Monikawa

288 Asthma and other pulmonary diseases in former elite athletes UM Kujala, S Samna, J Kaprio,M Koskenvuo

293 Death from airways obstruction: accuracy of certification in Northern Ireland E T Smyth, S C Wright,A E Evans, D G Sinnamon, J MacMahon

298 Cost of care of patients with cystic fibrosis in The Netherlands in 1990-1 M F Wildhagen,JrB G M Verheij, H B M Hilderink, L Kooij, T Tijmstra, L P ten Kate, _t Gerritsen, W Bakker,J D F Habbema

302 Referral for lung transplantation: experience of a Birmingham Adult Cystic Fibrosis Centre between1987 and 1994 PJ7 Ryan, D E Stableforth

306 Effect of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its components on macrophages and the release of matrixmetalloproteinases J C Chang, A Wysocki, K-M Tchou-Wong, N Moskowitz, Y Zhang, WN Rom

Short papers312 Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid findings in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection K Kubo,

S Yamaguchi, K Fujimoto, M Hanaoka, M Hayasaka, T Honda, T Sodeyama, K Kiyosawa315 Incidence of hepatitis C virus infection in Italian patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis R Meliconi,

P Andreone, L Fasano, S Galli, A Pacilli, R Miniero, M Fabbri, L Solforosi, M Bernardi317 Use of tracheal auscultation for the assessment of bronchial responsiveness in asthmatic children

A B Sprikkelman, M H Grol, M S Lourens, _J Gerritsen, H S A Heymans, WM C van Aalderen320 Comparison of polymerase chain reaction for IS6110 and Amplicor in the diagnosis of tuberculosis

_J P Dilworth, M Goyal, D B Young, R J Shaw323 Compliance with oral corticosteroids during steroid trials in chronic airways obstruction M Q F Hatton,

M B Allen, S V Vathenen, M P Feely, NJ' Cooke325 Lung bioavailability of generic and innovator salbutamol metered dose inhalers D J Clark,

Jr Gordon-Smith, G McPhate, G Clark, B J Lipworth

Review series327 Occupational lung disease: 3 - Analysis and interpretation of inorganic mineral particles in "lung" tissues

A R Gibbs, F D Pooley

Science matters335 Airway sensory nerves: a burning issue in asthma? D Spina

Case reports338 Treatment of pneumothorax during pregnancy A J Levine, F T Collins339 Pneumomediastinum secondary to use of a high speed air turbine drill during a dental extraction

Jr Torres-Melero, Jr Arias-Diaz, J L Balibrea340 Commentary J Harvey341 Chemodectoma of the trachea TM Y S Sing, K P Wong, N Young, P Despas343 Whipple's disease presenting with lung involvement C A Kelly, M Egan, J Rawlinson

Miscellaneous344 Book review * Notice

No 4 APRIL 1996 Editorials345 High dose rate endobronchial brachytherapy for the treatment of lung cancer: current status and

indications P Barber, R Stout348 Oxidant/antioxidant imbalance in smokers and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease I Rahman, WMacNee351 P2 adrenoceptor polymorphisms: are they clinically important? I P Hall

Original articles354 High dose rate brachytherapy for the local control of endobronchial carcinoma following external

irradiation P Hernandez, A Gursahaney, T Roman, K Schwartzman, D Donath, M G Cosio, R D Levy359 Anti-CEA immunoscintigraphy and computed tomographic scanning in the preoperative evaluation of

mediastinal lymph nodes in lung cancer G Buccheri, A Biggi, D Fernigno, M Quaranta, A Leone,G Vassallo, F Pugno

364 Nebulised antipseudomonal antibiotic therapy in cystic fibrosis: a meta-analysis of benefits and risksS Mukhopadhyay, M Singh, J7 I Cater, S Ogston, M Franklin, R E Olver

369 Minimisation of aminoglycoside toxicity in patients with cystic fibrosis PJ7 Wood, L L Ioannides-Demos,S C Li, Tj Williams, B Hickey, WJ7 Spicer, R E Hooper, A J McLean

374 Outcome for patients colonised with Burkholderia cepacia in a Birmingham adult cystic fibrosis clinic andthe end of an epidemic K Muhdi, F P Edenborough, L Gumery, S O'Hickey, E G Smith, D L Smith,D E Stableforth

378 Value of intracellular bacteria detection in the diagnosis of ventilator associated pneumonia A Torres,M El-Ebiary, N Fabregas, _J Gonzalez, I Puig de la Bellacasa, C Hernindez, J Ramirez, R Rodriguez-Roisin

385 Community acquired pneumonia in adults: a study comparing clinical features and outcome in Africa(Republic of Guinea) and Europe (France) 0 Sow, M Frechet, A A Diallo, S Soumah, M K Conde,P Diot, E Boissinot, E Lemarie

389 Inhibition of the alveolar macrophage oxidative burst by a diffusible component from the surface of thespores of the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus J7 Slight, WJ Nicholson, C G Mitchell, N Po'illl,P H Beswick,A Seaton, K Donaldson

397 High resolution computed tomographic findings in pulmonary tuberculosis 0 N Hatipoglu, E Osma,M Manisali, E S Ucan, P Balci, A Akkoflu, 0 Akpinar, C Karlikaya, C Yiiksel

403 Potential effects of correction of inaccuracies of the mini-Wright peak expiratory flow meter on the use ofan asthma self-management plan J F Miles, W Tunnicliffe, R M Cayton, J G Ayres, M R Miller

407 Assessment of a new transtelephonic portable spirometer S Abboud, I Bruderman411 Acute asthma during pregnancy B SM Stenius-Aarniala, 7 Hedman, KA Teramo415 Difference between functional residual capacity and elastic equilibrium volume in patients with chronic

obstructive pulmonary disease M Jr Morris, R G Madgwick, D J Lane420 Transdiaphragmatic pressure in quadriplegic individuals ventilated by diaphragmatic pacemaker

H Garrido-Garcia, P Martin-Escribano, J Palomera-Frade, 0 Arroyo, _J L Alonso-Calderon, J Mazaira-Alvares424 Pulmonary function in children with systemic lupus erythematosus I Cerveri, F Fanfulla, A Ravelli,

M C Zoia, B Ramenghi, L Spagnolatti, I Villa, A Martini429 Evaluation of nebulised acetylcysteine and normal saline in the treatment of sputum retention following

thoracotomy A M Gallon

Short paper433 Home assessment of peak inspiratory flow through the Turbohaler in asthmatic patients R J Meijie;

Th W van der Mark, B J Aalders, D S Postma, G H Koeter

Review series435 Occupational lung disease - 4: Occupational asthma: measures of frequency from four countries

S Meredith, H Nordman

Science matters441 In vivo veritas: the continuing importance of discoveries in complex biosystems C G A Persson

Case reports444 Co-existing conjunctival non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and pulmonary sarcoidosis P5' Ryan, P Stableforth,

D T McLeod446 Pneumocystis carinii in a patient with pulmonary sarcoidosis and idiopathic CD4 + T lymphocytopenia

A Sinicco, A Maiello, R Raiteri, M Sciandra, G Dassio, C Zamprogna, B Mecozzi448 Commentary 5' G Scadding449 Transphrenic dissemination of actinomycosis C T' A M Zeebregts, A H M van der Heyden, E E 5' Ligtvoet,

_t PM Wagenaar, H F W Hoitsma451 Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the left main bronchus mimicking MacLeod's syndrome C L Wright,

M Gandhi, C A Mitchell452 Occupational asthma due to latex in a hospital administrative employee 0 Vandenplas, J-P Delwiche, Y Sibille

Letters to the editor454 Effectiveness of four different inhalers in COPD G K Crompton; 5' van der Palen, Jr3' Klein,

A HM Kerkhoff, C L A van Herwaarden

Miscellaneous454 Notice * Book notice

No 5 MAY 1996 Editorials455 Domiciliary ventilation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: where are we? 5' A Wedzicha,

D 5 Meecham J7ones458 Genetic analysis of IgE F K Stevenson, R E Snow, C 5' Chapman, A 5' Frew, S T Holgate461 Humoral control of airway tone N C Thomson, K D Dagg, S G Ramsay

Original articles465 Mechanisms of cigarette smoke induced increased airspace permeability X Y Li, I Rahman, K Donialdson,

WMacNee472 Increase in non-specific bronchial hyperresponsiveness as an early marker of bronchial response to occupational

agents during specific inhalation challenges 0 Vandenplas, 5' P Delwiche, 5' _amart, R Van de Weyer479 Pulmonary effects of short term selenium deficiency D B Coursin, H P Cihla484 Development of OASYS-2: a system for the analysis of serial measurement of peak expiratory flow in workers

with suspected occupational asthma P F G Gannon, D T Newton, 5' Belcher, C F A Pantin, P S Burge490 Impaired reflex responses to airway occlusion in the inspiratory muscles of asthmatic subjects 5' E Butler,

D K McKenzie, S C Gandevia496 Relationship between the inflammatory infiltrate in bronchial biopsy specimens and clinical severity of

asthma in patients treated with inhaled steroids 5' K Sont, 5' H5_ M van Krieken, C E Evertse, R Hooijer,L N A Willems, P Sterk

503 Interrelationships between diagnosed asthma, asthma-like symptoms, and abnormal airway behaviour inadolescence: the Odense Schoolchild Study H C Siersted, G Mostgaard, N Hyldebrandt, H S Hansen,57 Boldsen, H Oxhoj

510 Effect of maximum ventilation on abdominal muscle relaxation rate D Kyroussis, G H Mills, M I Polkce,C-H Hamnegard, S Wragg, 5' Road, M Green, 5' Moxham

516 Effect of L-arginine on renal blood flow in normal subjects and patients with hypoxic chronic obstructivepulmonary disease T Q Howes, S E 5 Keilty, V L Maskrey, C R Deane, S V Baudouin, 57 Moxhaill

520 Impact of obstructive airways disease on quality of life in older adults D S Renwick, M 57 Connolly526 Detection of the multidrug resistance marker P-glycoprotein by immunohistochemistry in malignant lung

tumours T W Beer, D C Rowlands, Y Crocker

530 Growth of acid fast L forms from the blood of patients with sarcoidosis P L Almenoff, A Jrohnson,M Lesser, L H Mattman

534 Pulmonary function before and after anterior spinal surgery in adult idiopathic scoliosis C A Wong,A A Cole, L Watson, _J K Webb, I D A Johnston, WJ7M Kinnear

Short papers537 Particle size selection device for use with the Turbohaler M L Everard, S G Devadason, P N Le Souef539 Radiographic features of staphylococcal pneumonia in adults and children J Macfarlane, D Rose

Review series541 Occupational lung disease: 5 - Respiratory irritants encountered at work A J7 Newman Taylor

Science matters546 Scorpion venoms: taking the sting out of lung disease D F Rogers

Case reports549 Spontaneous regression of a giant pulmonary bulla D A Bradshaw, KM Murray, D E Amundson551 Stemocostoclavicular hyperostosis presenting with thoracic sinus formation G E Wilson, C C Evans552 Lymphangitis carcinomatosa complicating primary malignant peritoneal mesothelioma P S Craft,

M S Reading, S J7ain, R A O'Neil554 Pulmonary eosinophilia due to Tricomonas tenax A El Kamel, N Rouetbi, M Chakroun, M Battikh

Letter to the editor556 Lung disease induced by drug addiction M Slade, K Burgess

Miscellaneous556 Book notices - Notice * Correction

No 6 JUNE 1996 Editorials557 Management of lung cancer M F Muers, R A Haward561 Thorax: from the new Editorial Office J Britton, A J Knox

Special paper562 Tobacco: the Third World War - advice from General Sun Tzu J Mackay

Original articles564 Age and the treatment of lung cancer Jr S Brown, D Eraut, C Trask, A G Davison569 Management of lung cancer in South East Scotland R 7 Fergusson, A Gregor, R Dodds, G Kerr, on behalf of

the South East of Scotland Lung Cancer Group and Lothian Audit Office575 Effect of natural allergen exposure during the grass pollen season on airways inflammatory cells and

asthma symptoms R Djukanovie, I Feather, C Gratziou, A Walls, D Peroni, P Bradding, M J7udd,P H Howarth, S T Holgate

582 Effect of allergen avoidance at high altitude on direct and indirect bronchial hyperresponsiveness andmarkers of inflammation in children with allergic asthma E van Velzen, J-W van den Bos,J7A W Benckhuijsen, T van Essel, R de Bruijn, R Aalbers

585 Effects of prior treatment with salmeterol and formoterol on airway and systemic P2 responses tofenoterol A Grove, B J7 Lipworth

590 Evaluation of bronchial responsiveness to exercise in children as an objective measure of asthma inepidemiological surveys J V West, C F Robertson, R Roberts, A Olinsky

596 Effect of inhaled morphine on the development of breathlessness during exercise in patients with chroniclung disease R Leung, P Hill, J Burdon

601 Reliability of a commercially available threshold loading device in healthy subjects and in patients withchronic obstructive pulmonary disease R Gosselink, R C Wagenaar, M Decramer

606 Gastric intramural pH in mechanically ventilated patients Z Mohsenifar, J7 Collier, S K Koerner611 Role of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in the pathogenesis of adult

pulmonary histiocytosis X A Tazi, M Bonay, A Bergeron, M Grandsaigne, A Jf Hance, P Soler615 Comparison of cell profiles in separately evaluated fractions of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid in

children P Pohunek, H Pokornci, I Stiz619 Effect of nebulised recombinant DNase on neutrophil elastase load in cystic fibrosis CM Costello,

CM O'Connor, G A Finlay, P Shiels, M X FitzGerald, 7 P Hayes624 Tuberculin testing in two Liverpool social clubs: the effects of a tuberculosis outbreak on background

positivity Q Syed, MA Bellis, N J7 Beeching, K Tocque, C S D Williams, SJramieson, A Steele, P D 0 Davies

Short papers628 Exercise-induced bronchospasm at low temperature in elite runners IJ Helenius, H 0 Tiikkanen, T Haahtela630 Descriptive study of cough, wheeze and school absence in childhood IJ M Doull, A A Williams,

NJ7 Freezer, S T HolgateReview series

632 Occupational lung disease: 6 - Byssinosis: a review R McL Niven, C A C Pickering

Occasional review638 New prognostic factors in resectable non-small cell lung cancer E F Smit, H J'M Groen, TA W Splinter,

T Ebels, P E Postmus

Science matters647 Phosphodiesterase inhibitors: Lily the Pink's medicinal compound for asthma? G Dent, MA Giembycz

Case reports650 Hypersensitivity pneumonitis induced by a smut fungus Ustilago esculenta K Yoshida, M Suga,

H Yamasaki, K Nakamura, T Sato, M Kakishima, J A Dosman, M Ando652 Severe lipoid pneumonia following attempted suicide by mineral oil immersion I Hussain,

F P Edenborough, R S E Wilson, D E Stableforth654 Pulmonary infiltration after exposure to home renovation dust: histopathology and microanalysis

K Anderson, C P McSharry, G P Morris, C H S Cameron, D McLellan, D R H Vernon

656 Commentary: pulmonary responses to inhaled exogenous agents G Boyd

Letter to the editor658 Lung bioavailability of generic and innovator salbutamol MDIs H Chrystyn, S A Corlett, V Silkstone;

B Jr Lipworth, D J Clark

Miscellaneous658 Book review * Notice

No 7 JULY 1996 Editorials659 Cyclophosphamide treatment of paraquat poisoning C G Newstead

Original articles661 Pulse therapy with cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone in patients with moderate to severe

paraquat poisoning: a preliminary report J-L Lin, M-C Wei, Y-C Liu664 Safety of fibreoptic bronchoscopy in asthmatics and control subjects and effect on asthma control over

two weeks M Humbert, D S Robinson, B Assoufi, A B Kay, S R Durham670 Study of the aetiology of wheezing illness at age 16 in two national British birth cohorts S Lewis,

B Butland, D Strachan, J Bynner, D Richards, N Butler, J Britton677 Breathing pattern and carbon dioxide retention in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

M Gorini, G Misuri, A Corrado, R Duranti, I Iandelli, E De Paola, G Scano684 Effects of cessation of terbutaline treatment on airway obstruction and responsiveness in patients with

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease J W de Jong, G H Koeter, T W van der Mark, D S Postma689 Effects of regular salmeterol on lung function and exercise capacity in patients with chronic obstructive

pulmonary disease A Grove, B _r Lipworth, P Reid, R P Smith, L Ramage, C G Ingram, R J7jenkins,J H Winter, D P Dhillon

694 Evaluation of nocturnal bronchoconstriction by all night tracheal sound monitoring C Lenclud,G Cuttitta, D Van Gansbeke, A Visconti, A Van Muylem, V Bellia, J'-C Yernault

699 Longitudinal effects of change in body mass on measurements of ventilatory capacity D J Chinn,J E Cotes, J W Reed

705 Effects of lung volume and fatigue on evoked diaphragmatic phonomyogram in normal subjectsM Petitjean, _J Ripart, J Couture, F Bellemare

711 Mortality rates from cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis in seven countries R Hubbard, I _ohnston,D B Coultas, J Britton

717 Accuracy of mortality data for interstitial lung diseases in New Mexico, USA D B Coultas, M P Hughes721 Endocrine cells in tumour-bearing lungs J D H Sheard, JIR Gosney727 Reduced P adrenoceptor density in vivo in human lung tumours: a preliminary study with positron

emission tomography F Qing, M J Hayes, C G Rhodes, T Krausz, S W Fountain, MM Burke, T Jones,J M B Hughes

733 Quantitative analysis of the IgG and IgG subclass immune responses to chromosomal Pseudomonasaeruginosa 1-lactamase in serum from patients with cystic fibrosis by means of western blotting and laserscanning densitometry T D Petersen, 0 Ciofu, T Pressler, B Giwercman, S S Pedersen, N Hoiby

Short paper739 Cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in patients with high altitude pulmonary oedema at moderate

altitude in Japan K Kubo, M Hanaoka, S Yamaguchi, T Hayano, M Hayasaka, T Koizumi, K Fujimoto,T Kobayashi, T Honda

Review series743 Occupational lung disease - 7: Comparison of soybean epidemic asthma and occupational asthma

J7M Ant6, Jr Sunyer, A J Newman Taylor

Occasional reviews750 The role of recombinant human DNase in the treatment of patients with cystic fibrosis: many promises,

more problems M S Zach756 Techniques in mechanical ventilation: principles and practice J M Shneerson

Science matters762 Pulmonary hypertension: NO therapy? S Adnot, B Raffestin

Case reports765 Lymphangiomatosis presenting with bronchial cast formation L G Nair, C P Kurtz767 Generalised lymphangiectasia: pulmonary presentation in an adult 7 E S White, D Veale, D Fishwick,

L Mitchell, P A Corris769 Bronchoalveolar lavage with trypsin in pulmonary alveolar proteinosis Y Nagasaka, M Takahashi,

H Ueshima, Y Tohda, S NakajimaLetters to the editor

771 Nosocomial pneumonia during mechanical ventilation A Torres, Jf Gonzalez, J Puig de la Bellacasa;C Brun-Buisson * Silica exposure and risk of lung cancer WK C Morgan, R B RegerMiscellaneous

772 Book review * Notices

No 8 AUGUST 1996 Editorial773 Asthma: is there an airway receptor barrier? B A Hills

Rapid communication777 Deletion polymorphism in the angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) gene as a genetic risk factor for

sarcoidosis K Furuya, E Yamaguchi, A Itoh, N Hizawa, N Ohnuma, J Kojima, N Kodama, Y Kawakami

Original articles781 Effect of exposure to silica on human alveolar macrophages in supporting growth activity in type II

epithelial cells B Melloni, 0 Lesur, T Bouhadiba, A Cantin, M Martel, R Begin

787 Relationship of serum IgE concentration to level and rate of decline of pulmonary function: theNormative Aging Study N A Shadick, D Sparrow, G T O'Connor, D DeMolles, S T Weiss

793 Respiratory sensation during bronchial challenge testing with methacholine, sodium metabisulphite, andadenosine monophosphate G B Marks, D H Yates, M Sist, B Ceyhan, M De Campos, D M Scott,PJ Barnes

799 Comparison of three inhaled non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on the airway response to sodiummetabisulphite and adenosine 5'-monophosphate challenge in asthma M Wang, A Wisniewski, I Pavord,A Knox, A Tattersfield

805 Assessment of food chemical intolerance in adult asthmatic subjects L Hodge, K Y Yan, R L Loblay810 Effect of loratadine, an HI antihistamine, on induced cough in non-asthmatic patients with chronic

cough S Tanaka, K Hirata, N Kurihara, J Yoshikawa, T Takeda815 Tidal breathing parameters in the first week of life and subsequent cough and wheeze B Yuksel,

A Greenough, F Giffin, KH Nicolaides819 Evidence for a relation between metabolic derangements and increased levels of inflammatory mediators

in a subgroup of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease A M WJ3 Schols,WA Buurman, A J Staal-van den Brekel, MA Dentener, E FM Wouters

825 Functional status and well being in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with regard to clinicalparameters and smoking: a descriptive and comparative study C-P Engstrom, L-O Persson,S Larsson, A Ryden, M Sullivan

831 Comparison of the efficacy of a demand oxygen delivery system with continuous low flow oxygen insubjects with stable COPD and severe oxygen desaturation on walking CM Roberts, J Bell, J A Wedzicha

835 Inhalational drug delivery from seven different spacer devices P W Barry, C O'Callaghan841 Computed tomography-guided bronchoalveolar lavage in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis C Agusti,

A Xaubet, P Luburich, M C Ayuso, J Roca, R Rodriguez-Roisin846 Surgical treatment of 125 patients with non-small cell lung cancer and chest wall involvement

C CM Pitz, A Brutel de la Riviere, HR J Elbers, C JtJt Westermann, JMM van den Bosch

Short papers851 Effects of naloxone on upper airway collapsibility in normal sleeping subjects J-C Meurice, I Marc,

F SgriJs853 Effect of acute hyperoxia on the bronchodilator response to salbutamol in stable asthmatic patients

K D Dagg, L J7 Thomson, S G Ramsay, N C Thomson855 Reduction of pulmonary capillary blood volume in patients with severe unexplained pulmonary

hypertension C Borland, Y Cox, T HigenbottamReview series

857 Occupational lung disease - 8: The diagnosis of occupational asthma from serial measurements of lungfunction at and away from work P Bright, P Sherwood BurgeScience matters

864 Cell signalling in pulmonary vascular cells: do not shoot the messenger! P H Scott, A J Peacock

Case reports867 Occupational asthma in a coal miner PM Gamboa, I Jciuregui, I Urrutia, I Antipara, G Gonzalez,

VMzigica869 Aspergillus laryngotracheobronchitis presenting as stridor in a patient with peripheral T cell lymphoma

P-H Kuo, L-N Lee, P-C Yang, Y-C Chen, K-T Luh871 Pleuropulmonary infection with chest wall infilatration by Eikenella corrodens J W W Killen, G L Swift,

R 7 White

Letters to the editor873 Lung donors for cystic fibrosis patients JJ Egan, K Webb, A A Woodcock * Hepatotoxicity of

antituberculosis drugs L M Kahana; L P Ormerod

Miscelilaneous874 Book reviews

No 9 SEPTEMBER 1996 Editorials875 Interactions between opportunistic micro-organisms and HIV in the lung J R Clarke, D Israel-Biet878 Carcinoma of the lung: warts and all A F Markham880 Steroids, surfactant and lung disease A D Postle, 7 0 Warner

Altounyan address882 Respiratory dreams and nightmares N J Douglas

Original articles887 Presence of human papillomavirus DNA and abnormal p53 protein accumulation in lung carcinoma

Y Soini, K Nuorva, D Kamel, R Pdlldnen, K Vdhdkangas, V-P Lehto, P Pdikka894 Prognosis in lung cancer: physicians' opinions compared with outcome and a predictive model

M F Muers, P Shevlin, J Brown on behalf of the participating members of the Thoracic Group of the YorkshireCancer Organisation

903 Delays in the diagnosis and surgical treatment of cancer Jr S Billing, F C Wells907 Measurement of pulmonary status and surfactant protein levels during dexamethasone treatment of

neonatal respiratory distress syndrome J-Y Wang, T-F Yeh, Y-C Lin, K Miyamura,U Holmskov, K BM Reid

914 Chronic sputum production: correlations between clinical features and findings on high resolutioncomputed tomographic scanning of the chest I E Smith, EJurriaans, S Diederich, N Ali,_7M Shneerson, C D R Flower

919 Effect of prostaglandin E2 on eicosanoid release by human bronchial biopsy specimens from normal andinflamed mucosa D Schafer, U Lindenthal, M Wagner, P L Bolcskei, H WBaenkler

924 Accuracy of recording of deaths from asthma in the UK: the false negative rate H F Guite, P G J Burney

929 Comparison of bronchoscopic diagnostic techniques with histological findings in brain dead organdonors without suspected pneumonia J Soli-Violdn, F Rodriguez de Castro, A Rey,Jf Freixinet, A Aranda, J Caminero, J Bolanios

932 Lack of skin test reactivity to common mycobacterial antigens in human immunodeficiency virus infectedindividuals with high CD4 counts S H Khoo, E G L Wilkins, I S Fraser, A A Hamour, J L Stanford

936 Quality of life in adults with cystic fibrosis J Congleton, M E Hodson, F Duncan-Skingle

Short papers941 Adrenal suppression with inhaled budesonide and fluticasone propionate given by large volume spacer to

asthmatic children D J Clark, R A Clark, B Jf Lipworth944 Seasonality of tuberculosis: the reverse of other respiratory diseases in the UK A S Douglas,

D P Strachan, J D Maxwell

Review series947 Occupational lung disease - 9: Occupation and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

D J Hendrick

Science matters956 Function at the junction: dynamic interactions between lung cells and extracellular matrix

J R SpurzemCase reports

959 "Crack lung" caused by an impure preparation 0 M Kon, JrB G Redhead, D Gillen, J Fothergill,J A Henry, D M Mitchell

960 Ecstasy induced pneumomediastinum K Rezvani, A S Kurbaan, D Brenton962 Commentary Melissa Wickremasinghe963 Expandable metal stents for non-malignant bronchial obstruction R A Fox, R De L Stanbridge, J Brown,

Jf F Riordan, R M Rudd965 Functional upper airways obstruction: two patients with persistent symptoms CJ Warburton,

R McL Niven, B G Higgins, C A C PickeringLetters to the editor

967 Who should look after asthma? M G Pearson, B D W Harrison - Community-acquired Chlamydiapneumoniae pneumonia M Falguera, A Nogues, A Ruiz-Gonzalez * Fibreoptic bronchoscopy for diagnosisof isolated tuberculous mediastinal lymphadenopathy 0 Raffy, C Sleiman, C Roue * Measuring systemiceffects of inhaled beclomethasone 0 M P Jolobe

Miscellaneous968 Book reviews

No 10 OCTOBER 1996 Editorials969 Calibrating the calibrators P S Burge970 Predicting death from pneumonia M Woodhead971 Nutrition and survival in cystic fibrosis J7 S Elborn, S C Bell

Original articles973 Long term performance of a hand held spirometer A Dirksen, F Madsen, 0 F Pedersen, A M Vedel,

A Kok-Jensen977 Optimal particle size for P2 agonist and anticholinergic aerosols in patients with severe airflow obstruction

P Zanen, L T Go, J_-W_J Lammers981 Effect of multiple actuations, delayed inhalation and antistatic treatment on the lung bioavailability of

salbutamol via a spacer device D J Clark, B J Lipworth985 Effect of electrostatic charge, flow, delay and multiple actuations on the in vitro delivery of salbutamol

from different small volume spacers for infants _ H Wildhaber, S G Devadason, E Eber, M J Hayden,M L Everard, Q A Summers, P N LeSouef

989 Effect of regular terbutaline on the airway response to inhaled budesonide PI Wilding, M M Clark,J7 Oborne, J A Bennett, A E Tattersfield

993 Relative effects of inhaled corticosteroids on immunopathology and physiology in asthma: a controlledstudy CM Burke, S Sreenan, S Pathmakanthan, J7 Patterson, B Schmekel, L WPoulter

1000 Role of sputum differential cell count in detecting airway inflammation in patients with chronic bronchialasthma or COPD M C Ronchi, C Piragino, E Rosi, M Amendola, R Duranti, G Scano

1005 Spiral computed tomographic scanning of the chest with three dimensional imaging in the diagnosis andmanagement of paediatric intrathoracic airway obstruction M Sagy, M Poustchi-Amin, L Nimkoff,P Silver, M Shikowitz, J C Leonidas

1010 Community acquired pneumonia: aetiology and usefulness of severity criteria on admission A M Neill,I R Martin, R Weir, R Anderson, A Chereshsky, M Jr Epton, R Jrackson, M Schousboe, C Frampton, S Hutton,S T Chambers, G I Town

1017 An analysis of decisions by European general practitioners to admit to hospital patients with lowerrespiratory tract infections T Schaberg, G Gialdroni-Grassi, G Huchon, P Leophonte, F Manresa,M Woodhead for the European Study Group of Community Acquired Pneumonia (ESOCAP) of the EuropeanRespiratory Society

1023 Long term survival and nutritional data in patients with cystic fibrosis treated in a Danish centre M Nir,S Lanng, H KJohansen, C Koch

1028 Two dimensional protein patterns of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from non-smokers, smokers, andsubjects exposed to asbestos M Lindahl, T Ekstrom, J Sorensen, C Tagesson

1036 T lymphocytes and silica-induced pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis in mice N Suzuki, K Ohta,T Horiuchi, H Takizawa, T Ueda, M Kuwabara, J Shiga, K Ito

1043 Comparison of partially attended night time respiratory recordings and full polysomnography in patientswith suspected sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome P Lloberes, Jr M Montserrat, A Ascaso, 0 Parra,A Granados, P Alonso, I Vilaseca, R Rodriguez-Roisin

Short paper1048 Comparison of the acute effects on gas exchange of nasal ventilation and doxapram in exacerbations of

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease R M Angus, A A Ahmed, L J7 Fenwick, A J Peacock

Occasional review1051 Functional antagonism: tolerance produced by inhaled 12 agonists D W Cockcroft, VA Swystun

Science matters1057 Lipocortin 1: Glucocorticoids caught in the act? S F Smith

Case reports1060 Bronchoscopic and angiographic findings in tracheobronchial endometriosis P-H Kuo, H-C Wang,

Y-S Liaw, S-H Kuo1062 Pleural fluid accumulation due to intra-abdominal endometriosis: a case report and review of the

literature K L Flanagan, N C Barnes1064 Commentary K Edmonds1065 Diffuse panbronchiolitis in an Asian immigrant 0 Brugiere, B Milleron, M Antoine, M-F Carette,

C Philippe, C Mayaud

Letters to the editor1068 Lung transplantation in patients with cystic fibrosis E Gabbay, J H Dark, N Wrightson,

PA Corms * Chronic hypoxia and pulmonary rehabilitation R Garrod, R Garnham, Jf Bestall,JtA Wedzicha

Miscellaneous1068 Book review * Notice * Correction

No 11 NOVEMBER 1996 Editorials1069 Negative pressure ventilation in acute hypercapnic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease A K Simonds1071 Steroids in exacerbations of asthma: tablets or inhaler? C Griffiths1073 Risk of severe life threatening asthma N C Barnes, L M Kuitert

Rapid communication1074 Simian virus 40 large T antigen (SV40LTAg) primer specific DNA amplification in human pleural

mesothelioma tissue C Pepper, B J7asani, H Navabi, D Wynford-Thomas, A R Gibbs

Original articles1077 Intermittent negative pressure ventilation in the treatment of hypoxic hypercapnic coma in chronic

respiratory insufficiency A Corrado, E De Paola, M Gorini, A Messori, G Bruscoli, S Nutini, D Tozzi,R Ginanni

1083 Effect of adenosine infusion on oxygen induced carbon dioxide retention in severe chronic obstructivepulmonary disease T L Griffiths, S S D Fernando, KB Saunders

1087 Comparison of short courses of oral prednisolone and fluticasone propionate in the treatment of adultswith acute exacerbations of asthma in primary care M L Levy, C Stevenson, T Maslen

1093 Risk of severe life threatening asthma and 13 agonist type: an example of confounding by severity_' E Garrett, S F Lanes, J Kolbe, HH Rea

1100 Salmeterol tachyphylaxis in steroid treated asthmatic subjects H Booth, R Bish, J Walters, F Whitehead,E H Walters

1105 Airway response of asthmatic subjects to inhaled allergen after exposure to pollutants C Rusznak,J7 L Devalia, R J Davies

1109 Acute effects of summer air pollution on respiratory function in primary school children in southernEngland J F Scarlett, KJ Abbott, J7 L Peacock, D P Strachan, H R Anderson

1115 Effects of upper respiratory tract infections in patients with cystic fibrosis J Collinson, K G Nicholson,E Cancio, J' Ashman, D C Ireland, V Hammersley, J7 Kent, C O'Callaghan

1123 Gamma/delta cells in tissue from patients with sarcoidosis M L Wilsher, M Hallowes, NM Birchall1127 An Airway Wallstent for the treatment of tracheobronchial malignancies C T Bolliger, M Heitz, R Hauser,

R Probst, A P Perruchoud1130 Evaluation of a directly observed six month fully intermittent treatment regimen for tuberculosis in

patients suspected of poor compliance J A Caminero, J M Pav6n, F Rodriguez de Castro, F Diaz, G j3ulia,_J A Caylai, P Cabrera

Short paper1134 Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction by ethnicity and presence of asthma in British nine year olds

C 0 H Jrones, S Qureshi, R Jr Rona, S Chinn

Occasional review1137 Surfactant replacement therapy M J Kresch, WH Lin, R S Thrall

Science matters1155 Selectins and their counter receptors: a bitter sweet attraction F A Symon, A J Wardlaw

Case reports1158 Partial resolution of acute interstitial pneumonia in native lung after single lung transplantation

D S Robinson, D M Geddes, D M Hansell, C D Shee, C Corbishley, A Murday, B P Madden1160 Epstein-Barr virus associated graft failure following heart/lung transplantation J J Egan, 7P Stewart,

P S Hasleton, N Yonan, P Bishop, J R Arrand, A N Rahman, K B Carroll, A A Woodcock1162 Pregnancy following a single lung transplant D Parry, A Hextall, VP Robinson, N R Banner, M H Yacoub1164 Commentary PA Corris1165 Silicosis presenting as bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy D R Baldwin, L Lambert, C FA Pantin, K Prowse,

R B Cole

Letters to the editor1168 P2 adrenoceptor polymorphisms JfM Drazen, S T Weiss, D Cooper; I P Hall * Antimycotic intracavitary

lung colonisation L C Severo * Occupational asthma J-L Malo, S Provencher * Hepatotoxicity ofantituberculosis drugs J Devlin, D C S Hutchison, S Fitt, J' Wendon, R Williams; P Ormerod -

Pneumomediastinum following Politzer's manoeuvre P Carbognani, P Solli, M Rusca, L Spaggiari,L Cattelani, F Piazza, P Bobbio

Miscellaneous1169 Book reviews * Notices

No 12 DECEMBER 1996 Editorials1171 Leukotriene B4 and asthma P E Christie, N C Barnes1174 Suspended particulate matter and health: new light on an old problem R L Maynard, R E Waller1177 Annual report October 1995 to September 1996 Jf Britton, A Jf Knox

Original articles1178 Effect of a leukotriene B4 receptor antagonist, LY293 111, on allergen induced responses in asthma

D Jf Evans, PJ Barnes, SM Spaethe, E L van Alstyne, M I Mitchell, B Jf O'Connor1185 Effect of allergen challenge on airway responsiveness to histamine and sodium metabisulphite in mild

asthma D Jf Evans, L J Coulby, B J O'Connor1192 Histamine induced bronchoconstriction and end tidal inspiratory activity in man N E L Meessen,

C PM van der Grinten, S CM Luijendijk, H Th M Folgering1199 Potentiation of the bronchoprotective effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide, isoprenaline, and

theophylline against histamine challenge in anaesthetisted guinea pigs by adrenomedullin H Kanazawa,T Kawaguchi, T Fujii, S Shoji, K Hirata, S Kudoh, N Kurihara, Jf Yoshikawa

1203 Binding of Aspergillus fumigatus spores to lung epithelial cells and basement membrane proteins:relevance to the asthmatic lung IM J Bromley, K Donaldson

1210 Effect of contact avoidance or treatment with oral prednisolone on bronchoalveolar lavage surfactantprotein A levels in subjects with farmer's lung Y Cormier, E Israel-Assayag, M Desmeules, 0 Lesur

1216 Free radical activity and pro-inflammatory effects of particulate air pollution (PM1O) in vivo and in vitroX Y Li, P S Gilmour, K Donaldson, WMacNee

1223 Eicosanoid mediator expression in mononuclear and polymorphonuclear cells in normal subjects andpatients with atopic asthma and cystic fibrosis L M Kuitert, R Newton, N C Barnes, I M Adcock,PJ Barnes

1229 Modification of nasal membrane potential difference with inhaled amiloride and loperamide in the cysticfibrosis (CF) mouse S Ghosal, C Jf Taylor, Jf McGaw

1233 Health perceptions and treatment adherence in adults with cystic fibrosis J Abbott, M Dodd, A K Webb1239 Clinical assessment of diaphragm strength by cervical magnetic stimulation of the phrenic nerves

C-H Hamnegdrd, S D Wragg, G H Mills, D Kyroussis, M I Polkey, B Bake, Jf Moxham, M Green1243 Pulmonary Mycobacterium kansasii infection: comparison of radiological appearances with pulmonary

tuberculosis A J Evans, A Jf Crisp, R B Hubbard, A Colville, S A Evans, I D A Johnston1248 Pulmonary Mycobacterium kansasii infection: comparison of clinical features, treatment and outcome with

pulmonary tuberculosis S A Evans, A Colville, A J Evans, A J Crisp, I D A Johnston1253 Increased inflammatory cytokines and new collagen formation in cutaneous tuberculosis and sarcoidosis

B G Marshall, A Wangoo, H T Cook, R Jf Shaw1262 Time course from first symptom to treatment in patients with non-small cell lung cancer referred for

radiotherapy: a report by the CHART Steering Committee S Dische, D Gibson, M Parmar, M I Saunderson behalf of the CHART Steering Committee

1266 Factors affecting long term survival following resection for lung cancer K Al-Kattan, E Sepsas,E R Townsend, S W Fountain

Short paper1270 Gastrin levels in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with lung cancer: comparison with

patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease A Dowlati, T Bury, J-L Corhay, T Weber,A Lamproye, P Mendes, M Radermecker

Science matters1273 Secretory leukoprotease inhibitor: partnering ocl-proteinase inhibitor to combat pulmonary inflammation

L Bingle, T D Tetley

Case reports1275 Gorham's syndrome: a usually fatal cause of pleural effusion treated successfully with radiotherapy

K D McNeil, KM Fong, Q J7 Walker, PJessup, P V Zimmerman1277 Bilateral chylothorax complicating massive osteolysis (Gorham's syndrome) P Riantawan,

S Tansupasawasdikul, P Subhannachart1279 Commentary I B Wilkinson, WJ M Kinnear1280 Occupational asthma due to latex in health care workers A Ho, H Chan, K S Tse, M Chan-Yeung

Letters to the editor1283 Nebulised antipseudomonal therapy in cystic fibrosis D Jr Touw, W Bakker; S Mukhopadhyay,

R E Olver * Spontaneous regression of a giant pulmonary bulla D Stanescu, C L Veriter; D A Bradshaw,KM Murray, D E Amundson

1284 List of reviewers

Contents for 1996

Thorax - NCBI

Documents

Transcript of Thorax - NCBI