Tendências da Política Industrial

Tendências contemporâneas da política industrial

no Brasil e no Mundo

Prof. Jackson De [email protected]

Brasília, 2014

mailto:[email protected]

Tendências da Industria 2Prof. Jackson De Toni

Tendências da Industria

•Distributed Manufacturing •Rapidly Responsive Manufacturing

•Complex Manufacturing•Customised Manufacturing•Human-Centred Manufacturing•Sustainable Manufacturing•Innovation-Receptive Manufacturing

Enablers of future manufacturing competitiveness

Fonte: http://www.unido.org/

http://www.unido.org/

http://www.unido.org/


Emerging Science & Engineering Developments

Potentially disruptive science and engineering developmentsIncluding:• Photonics• Biotechnology• Nanotechnology• Microtechnology• ICT in Manufacturing Systems

• Advanced Materials

5McKinsey

6McKinsey


Future challenges & opportunities for manufacturing

Challenges• Better understanding of structure and dynamics of manufacturing

• Systematic approaches to the design of manufacturing policies

• Aligning policies with local context and capabilities

Opportunities• Enhanced used of global resources and capabilities

• Exploitation of emerging technologies for improved productivity

• Capturing value from from dynamic interacting value chains

Prof. Jackson De Toni


• Modern manufacturing sits within complex international industrial systems

• Future is, by definition, uncertain, but some trends can already be discerned

• There are no standard solutions – each country has unique capabilities and context

• International experience can inform both context and content of policy making

• New approaches are needed to develop manufacturing policies tailored to national needs

Remarkable Points (UNIDO)



• Manufacturing needs to be more widely understood to include services activities without which the production of goods would simply not occur

• Manufacturing in its broad sense still plays an important role in the process of economic growth and employment generation

• Computing direct (formal and informal) jobs in manufacturing and jobs created in related sectors due to productive linkages, manufacturing accounted in 2009 for almost 500 million jobs

• While advanced economies have lost jobs (approximately 25 million), emerging economies have created more than 70 million jobs

• In identifying the employment potential of industries, also consider the productivity and indirect effect interactions


10Prof. Jackson De Toni


• In the next 20 years or so manufacturing will continue to be a source of good-quality jobs for developing and advanced economies

• Advanced economies will recover some of the manufacturing jobs lost as the recession ends, re-shoring accelerates and investment picks up

• Asia will continue to generate large amounts of employment although increasingly outside China (higher wages and capital intensity of production)

• Growing consumer markets in Latin America, but especially in Africa, will provide significant opportunities for establishment and/or relocation of manufacturing activities and for employment generation



• Manufacturing remains important as a source of productivity growth and dynamism

• Location within global supply chains offers opportunities for growth but critically low wages alone are unlikely to be the basis for sustained growth

• Initiatives still needed to adapt and modify technology

• Export markets are highly competitive but the rise of the BRICs offers new possibilities

• Strong demand for skills and training and education remain priorities

• Exchange rates must not be allowed to become uncompetitive

• There will be many investment opportunities in energy saving



• Blurring demarcation between manufacturing and services and convergence between two sectors – A considerable share of value-added in goods is already coming from the services industry

– “Additive manufacturing” and its impacts on manufacturing

– Large potential to bring out considerable changes in traditional manufacturing

• Growth of internet economy – Global penetration of internet and emergence of “big data”

– Dissemination of Smartphone at a global level and creation of new eco-system incorporating products and services

• Open, network-based type of innovation – Disruptive innovation increasingly tends to come from open mode of innovation



• Many traditional manufacturing firms are expanding the business areas towards providing services and vice versa –A considerable share of value-added in goods is already coming from the services industry

–Creation of new business opportunities through convergence of manufacturing and services (Ex: Smartphone and apps)

• Increasing role of innovation in services and “non-technological innovation” –More and more service firms are involved in innovation activities, but the full scope and contents of service innovation is not captured adequately by statistics yet

–Organizational and marketing innovation : non-technological aspects become increasingly important



• The case of “additive manufacturing” (e.g. 3D-printing) –New approach to the production of goods –Still available to limited areas of goods–Potential to lower the production cost and promote the customized production

• Make to reconsider the issue of production location: from the labor cost factor to the proximity to the customers –The size of population connected to internet is increasing, especially in emerging economies

–The focus is moving from the broadband to mobile internet with arrival of Smartphone

• Big data –Made available thanks to the everyday use of internet search machine (such as Google) and the dissemination of SNS (Social Network Services)

–Ggreat potential to identifying business • App economy –Combination of platform and software (apps) –New momentum for the re-emergence of internet economy



• Increasing costs of R&D (resource constraints) and rapid pace of technological advances

• Incorporation of customers early in the development process

• Models of open innovation –Product platforming : Ex) Android OS –Idea competitions –Customer immersion : “User innovation” (ex: Linux)

–Collaborative product design and development

–Innovation networks : Involving incentive and reward scheme


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Cadeias globais de valor: onde queremos/podemos estar ?



Debate em aula

• Para debater: porque os países desenvolvidos querem a liberalização comercial dos serviços?

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RZKX-0SK41U#t=14

• Novas tecnologias• http://youtu.be/4rOR-OheZvc• http://youtu.be/2wto6SFl13A• GVC do notebook Dell• http://youtu.be/owQzo82ac_M• http://youtu.be/paN8yAPO6Ls (Mariana Mazzucato)


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RZKX-0SK41U

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RZKX-0SK41U

http://youtu.be/4rOR-OheZvc

http://youtu.be/2wto6SFl13A

http://youtu.be/owQzo82ac_M

http://youtu.be/paN8yAPO6Ls

http://youtu.be/paN8yAPO6Ls

Tendências da Industria 23

Institute for Manufacturing, Universidade de Cambridge (2013)

International approaches to understanding the future of manufacturing, Eoin O’Sullivan & Nicola Mitchell

What is new in the new industrial policy? A manufacturing systems perspective, O'Sullivan, Antonio Andreoni, Carlos López-Gómez, e Mike Gregory

Estudos recentes…


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What is new in the new industrial policy? A manufacturing systems perspective


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What is new in the new industrial policy? A manufacturing systems perspective


26What is new in the new industrial policy? A manufacturing systems perspective


Síntese & Pontos de atenção

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1. Adoção de uma noção mais moderna de indústria de transformação em torno do conceito de ecossistema

2. Os objetivos principais nas políticas industriais dos países avançados são: desenvolvimento de processos e tecnologia, sistemas industriais e conceitos de empresa inteligentes, avanços nas pesquisa das ciências e engenharias, produtos avançados

3. Distinguir as empresas domésticas nas políticas industriais (tamanho, tipo de produto/ serviços gerado, papel na cadeia de valor) - considerando a crescente intersecção entre os setores nas cadeias de valor globais

adaptado de IEDI



4.Reconhecimento das vantagens de se ter produção e inovação próximas espacialmente

5.Identificação das tecnologias novas e de alta prioridade, bem como os campos de pesquisa do futuro - por exemplo, indústria de transformação sustentável, tecnologias de produção e fabricação ecológica, simulação e modelagem, indústria de transformação aditiva, redes de produção responsivas

Fonte: IEDI

Síntese & Pontos de atenção adaptado de IEDI



6. A importância das parcerias público-privadas (PPP) para endereçar alguns dos desafios em inovação da indústria

7.Promover a internacionalização de padrões tecnológicos domésticos como meio de vantagem competitiva

8.Participar da comunidade da indústria da transformação, sejam conferências, reuniões organizadas por stakeholders, discussões coletivas com diversas comunidades, participação em feiras e ventos de negócios, etc

Fonte: IEDI




9.Incentivar sempre a Ciência & Tecnologia nos diversos setores, posto que a pesquisa de qualidade e inovação efetiva estão na raiz do sucesso da indústria - especialmente quando se pretende aprofundar a criação de valor dos produtos e serviços

10.Proporcionar condições para a indústria de transformação solucionar desafios sociais futuros, por exemplo, em cuidados da saúde, mobilidade, mudança climática e sustentabilidade

Fonte: IEDI




Obrigado !Jackson De Toni

[email protected]


http://www.abdi.com.br/

mailto:[email protected]

Tendências da Política Industrial

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