Speech: Dr. Christian Renfer Swiss Federal Expert

on Monument Preservation

1

The Role of Garden Monument Preservation in Europe

Garden of Herrenhausen Germany 18th – 19th century

French Baroque Garden enlarged by an English Landscape Garden

2

The ICOMOS Charter of Florence 1982

• HISTORIC GARDENS (The Florence Charter - 1982)

• Adopted by ICOMOS in December 1982 PREAMBLE The ICOMOS-IFLA International Committee for Historic Gardens, meeting in Florence on 21 May 1981, decided to draw up a charter on the preservation of historic gardens which would bear the name of that town. The present Florence Charter was drafted by the Committee and registered by ICOMOS on 15 December 1982 as an addendum to the Venice Charter covering the specific field concerned. DEFINITIONS AND OBJECTIVES Article 1. « A historic garden is an architectural and horticultural composition of interest to the public from the historical or artistic point of view ». As such, it is to be considered as a monument.

• Follow Articles 2 to 25

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a. Governmental Supervision in Garden Monument Preservation

Oesterreichisches Bundesdenkmalamt Wien Zentrale Fachabteilungen • Architektur und Bautechnik • Referat Photogrammetrie • Ausfuhr • Bodendenkmale • Referat Fundberichte • Referat Konservierung • Denkmalverzeichnis • Historische Gartenanlagen • Inventarisation /

Denkmalforschung • Fotoarchiv • Klangdenkmale • Museen, Bibliotheken • Restaurierwerkstätten • Naturwissenschaftliches Labor • Technische Denkmale

4

b. Urban Gardens and Domain Administration

Chateau de Fontainebleau (France)

5

c. Important Private Gardens

The National Trust of Great Britain

6

Vorschlag Schulthess-Gartenpreis 2009: Salis Gärten in Soglio und Bondo

Bondo /Ticino (Switzerland) Private Garden (Swiss Garden Award 2009)

7

d. The Education of Garden Monument Preservationists

Paris-Serres (France) Parc André Citroen

8

Institute for History and Theory of Landscape Architecture (GTLA), University of technology Rapperswil / Switzerland founded 2002

9

Swiss Garden Award 2010 Atelier Vogt Zürich

radical-precise-poetic

10

e. Theoretical goals in European Garden Monument Preservation

Heidelberg Garden

Monument Preservation Symposium 2008

„Reconstruction and Garden Monument Preservation“

Union of the German Public Monument Preservationists

11

Heidelberg (Germany) Castle ruins (Buildings from ca 1600)

12

Heidelberg (Germany) Hortus Palatinus (Garden from ca 1620, now destroyed)

13

f. The European Garden Typology

1. The Italian Renaissance Garden

2. The French Baroque Garden 3. The English Landscape Garden

14

Villa di Cosimo Medici di Firenze called Ambrogiana painted by Giusto Utens ca 1580

15

Villa d‘Este in Tivoli / Rome contemporary engraving

16

Villa Petraia in Firenze built 1576 - 91

17

Villa Aldobrandini in Frascati / Rome built1598

18

Villa Aldobrandini in Frascati / Rome built 1598

19

Villa Lante in Bagnaia / Viterbo 1566 - 1587

20

Villa Lante in Bagnaia / Viterbo built 1566- 1587 Fountain of Pegasus and watersteps

21

Villa d‘Este in Tivoli / Rome built 1560

22

Villa d‘Este in Tivoli / Roma built 1560

23

2. The French Baroque Garden

Castle of Vaux – Le – Vicomte (France) 1656 - 1661

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Kings Castle of Versailles 1661 - 1678 built by King Lous XIV Garden system 1662 - 1689

25

King Louis XIV looking the fountain of Apollo and the Grand Canal (contempory painting)

26

Kings castle of Versailles axis of the Garden

27

Kings Castle of Versailles Fountain of Apollo

28

Kings castle of Versailles tailled Bosquet

29

Kings castle of Versailles Parterre

30

Berlin, Sanssouci Chinesisches Haus (Chinese house)

dome (interior) and golden sculpture on the top

31

Berlin-Potsdam, Sanssoucis Chinesisches Haus (Chinese tee house) 1755 - 1764

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3. The English Landscape Garden

Stourhead Park (England)

33

3. The English Landscape Garden

Claude Lorrain (1600-1682)„Apollo et Muses“

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3. The English Landscape Garden

Chiswick (England)

35

3. The English Landscape Garden

Bowood (England)

36

3. The English Landscape Garden

Stowe Park (England) Palladian Bridge

37

3. The English Landscape Garden

London Kew Garden Chinese Pagoda

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g. Goals of European Garden Monument Preservation

• The goal of garden monument preservation is the maintenance and preservation of historic gardens, parks, and other forms of green spaces, the protection of which lies in the public interests.

• The task and obligation of garden monument preservation is to find, on the basis of a scientifically justifiable balance, an appropriate solution for the proper handling of protected material.

• The foundation for this is:

• The exact evaluation of the monument

• A restoration concept

• A concept for long range preservation

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