Nav-Aids Presentation NA

NAVIGATIONAL AIDS

Presented By:

NEHA AGARWALMANAGER(CNS)

Airports Authority of India

SERVICES PROVIDED AIR TRAFIC CONTROL COMMUNICATION FACILITIES ENGINEERING CARGO COMMERCIAL FIRE SAFETY LAND MANAGEMENT TERMINAL MANAGEMENT OTHER ALLIED SERVICES

COMMUNICATION OPERATIONS

COMMUNICATION TECHNICAL

1.COMMUNICATION

2.NAVIGATION

3.SURVEILLANCE

4.DATA PROCESSING

WHAT IS NAVIGATION Navigation is the 'ART' of determining the position of an aircraft over earth's surface and guiding its progress from one place to another.

To accomplish this ART, some sort of ‘AIDS' are required by the PILOTS.

NAVIGATIONAL AIDS USED IN AAI

NDB: Non Directional Beacon VOR: VHF Omni Range DME: Distance Measuring Equipment ILS: Instrument Landing System Satellite Navigation

NAVIGATIONAL AIDS

VOR GBAS

DME

NDB

MARKER

GLIDE PATHLOCALIZER

NAVIGATIONAL AIDS NDB: Non Directional Beacon VOR: VHF Omni Range DME: Distance Measuring Equipment ILS: Instrument Landing System Satellite Navigation Cockpit Flight Calibration Nav-Aids at I.G.I. Airport

NDB PROVIDE RELATIVE BEARING TO THE AIRCRAFT

W.R.T.DIRECTION OF NDB EQUIPMENT IRRESPECTIVE OF

AIRCRAFT HEADING

6

3

12

1521

24

N

S

EW30

33

DIRECTION FINDER (NDB)

6

3

12

1521

24

N

S

EW30

33

DIRECTION FINDER (NDB)

NDB

VOR EQUIPMENT PROVIDE

ABSOLUTE BEARING TO AN AIRCRAFT with respect toMAGNETIC NORTHIrrespective ofAIRCRAFT HEADING

VOR (VHF OMNI RANGE) = 0°

= 90° = 270°VOR/DME

VOR

0°10°

20°30°

40°

50°

60°

70°

80°

90°

100°

110°

120°

130°

140°150°

160°170°

180°190°

200°210°

220°

230°

240°

250°

260°

270°

280°

290°

300°

310°

320°330°

340°350°VOR RADIALS

Radial 180

Radial 230

Radial 110

Radial 50

180°

N360°

CDI DEVIATIONS

VOR/DME

OBS = 360

TO

180°

N360°

CDI DEVIATIONS AND TO/FROM INDICATIONS

CourseOBS = 360°

VOR/DME

FROM

180°

N360°

CDI DEVIATIONS AND TO/FROM INDICATIONS

CourseOBS = 360°

VOR/DME

TOCDI DEVIATIONS

CourseOBS = 30

180°

N360°

TOCDI DEVIATIONS

CourseOBS = 30

180°

N360°

VOR/DME

DME EQUIPMENT PROVIDESLANT DISTANCE

of theAIRCRAFT

fromGROUND EQUIPMENT

DEFINITION DME is stand for Distance Measuring Equipment.

DME is a type of en-route navigation system for aircraft.

DME often installed near VOR stations so as to provide combined bearing and distance.

When DME is installed with the VOR, it is referred to as a VOR/DME.

DME (DISTANCE MEASURING EQUIPMENT)

DME INDICATOR DME enables aircraft to establish its range to the ground station: Distance in nautical miles, Ground speed in knots, Flying time to the station in minutes

COMPONENTS OF INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM

1. LOCALIZER2. GLIDE PATH3. LOW POWER DME (CO-LOCATED WITH GLIDE PATH)4. MIDDLE MARKER5. MIDDLE LOCATER (CO-LOCATED WITH MIDDLE MARKER)6. OUTER MARKER7. OUTER LOCATER (CO-LOCATED WITH OUTER MARKER)

ILS-LOC

ILS-GS

ILS GROUND EQUIPMENTS

ILS Marker (OM/MM)DME

ILS GlideSlope

ILS Localizer

RUN WAY LLZ ANT

1000to1500ft

LLZ BLDG

200 ft

GPGP & DMEANTENNA

1000ft

Runway threshold

MMOM

3500ft4 NM

AIRCRAFT

450ft

INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM LAYOUT

LOCALIZER EQUIPMENT PROVIDEAZIMUTHAL GUIDANCE

i.e.CENTRE LINE of RUNWAY

to aLANDING AIRCRAFT

GLIDE PATH EQUIPMENT PROVIDE

VERTICAL GUIDANCEi.e.

GLIDE SLOPE on RUNWAYto a

LANDING AIRCRAFT

DME EQUIPMENTCOLOCALTED WITH GLIDEPATH

PROVIDESLANT DISTANCE OF AIRCRAFT

FROMRUNWAY TOUCH DOWN POINT

MARKER EQUIPMENTSINSTALLED AT FIX DISTANCES

fromRUNWAY THRESHOLD

PROVIDEHEIGHT OVER MARKER

which help toESTABLISH ON CORRECT GLIDE PATH

LOCATER EQUIPMENTSCOLOCATED WITH MARKERS

HELPSTO LOCATEMARKER

NORTH

SOUTH

EASTWEST090 Deg

60 27

NOMENCLATURE OF RUNWAY END

ILS : Instrument Landing System

Glide Path

ILS GP

ILS Localizer

ILS RECEPTOR (LIKE VOR)

Glide Path indicator

Localizer indicator

O M I

ILS LOCALIZER NEEDLE

GLIDE SLOPE NEEDLE

ILS MARKER BEACON Outer Marker : OM Middle Marker : MM Inner Marker : IM

OMMMIM

CRITICAL AREA is an area of defined dimensions about the LOCALIZER and GLIDE PATH

where vehicles, including aircraft,

and any obstructions (e.g. buildings, fences, trees, etc.) will cause unacceptable disturbances

to the ILS performance.

SENSITIVE AREAis an area extending beyond

the critical area where the parking and/or movement of

vehicles, including aircraft, and the

presence of buildings, trees, fences, etc. may affect the

ILS performance.

SATELLITE NAVIGATION

THE COCKPIT

FLIGHT CALIBRATION Calibration is the validation of signals transmitted by an equipment.

VOR, ILS, NDB, DME are different navigation

aids that need periodic flight inspection.

FLIGHT CALIBRATIONAircraft equipped with special and dedicated hardware (called Flight Inspection System) collect radio-navigation aids’ data and apply (compare with) international standards’ tolerance to validate electronic signal in space and certify final status of aids.

FLIGHT CALIBRATIONThe goal is having a safe air navigation infrastructure, ensuring the integrity of instrument approaches and airway procedures.

NAV-AIDS AT IGIA Area Navigational aids

•DVOR (DPN)•DVOR (DIG)

•DME (HP) Co-located with DVOR’sTerminal Navigational Aids

•ILS (27)•ILS (09)•ILS (28)•ILS (10)•ILS (29)•ILS (11)

•DME (LP) Co-located with GP•GBAS (PROPOSED)

Some Nav-Aids like NDBs, Markers, Locators and Sat VOR’s

(CHI, SAM and SKA) are located outside the Airfield.

THANK YOU

Nav-Aids Presentation NA

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