.IV.

H AOrOTEXNIA 1830 1880H POMANTIKH ANTIAHWH THZ nPAfMATIKOTHTAZ

Hioropioypacpia ue Qi\ia tii AoyoTEXvfa Kcrrd Tnv nparrn TTEvrnKovraeria u£TdTnv i8puon tou EAAnviKou KpdTouc (3aai£dTavu£xpi npdocpaTa oe £\>a 6mo-AiKd oxripa. Xuucpcova ue to oxriua auTd unrip^av 8uo avriTi0£'p£va ypau.ua-ToAoyiKd popcpcopaTa,and Tn pia n EnravnoiaKri IxoAii, and Tnv dAAn n Yla-Aaid ri npcoTn AOnva'iKri XxoAri. Metov dpo EnravnataKii IxoAriovoudorn-

keto ou\'oAo ox£8dvtcova^idAoycov AoyoTExvcov, iSfcoc noinrcov, nou £"8paoav to 19oaicova oraEnrdvnoa, iSfcoc orn ZdKuvOo Kai Tnv K^pKupa, yupco Kupfcoc and tov £0viKd noniTil AiovuoioloAcopd. 0 dpoc riaAaid ri npcoTn AOnva'iKri IxoAri avacpEpdTav OTnv noinon popavriKric te-xvoTponfac Kai KaOapEuouaac yAcoaaac, n onoia ypdcpTnKE Tnvn£pio8o 1830-1880 ornv AOri-va Kai ora dAAa aoTiKd K^vrpa tou eAAoSikou koi tou «aAuTpcoTou» EAAnviopou (KcovaravTi-vounoAn, luupvn, TldTpa, EppounoAn, K.d.).

EnravnaiaKii Km AOnvaiKii LxoAiiTa EpEuvnmd nopiapaTa dpcoc tcovSuo teAeutoicov 8£koetic6vavaBEcopnoav to napandvco 8i-noAiKd oxripaoe apKETd onuEia tou. Avkoi avayvcopi^ETai dTi n avdnru^n TncAoyoTExviac oraEnrdvnoa koi tov EAAnviKd xcopo OKoAouOnaE ysviKd 8iacpop£TiK£c koteuOuvoeic. napdAAnAa8exuno(3a0p(^ovTai, dncoc ouve^oiveoro nap£A0dv, oi unapKT^c aAAnA£ni8pdo£ic koi EnacpE'clieto^u tcov 8uo napa8do£cov. AvdpEoa orn AoyoTExvia tou EnravnoiaKOu Kai tou EAAnviKouxcopou KaTd Tnv nEpioSo 1830-1880 undpxouv aSioanpEicoTEC TE.xvoTponiKEc Kai i8£oAoyiK£c8iacpop£'c. nou p£ to n^paopa tou xpdvou, i8icoc p£Td to 1850, o8riynoavoe avonemavrinapd-0£on. HKupia 8iacpopd Evronf^ETai oro yAcoooiKd dpyavo tcov Aovotexvikcov K£ip£\cov Kai i8icoctcov noinTiKcov. Oin£pioodT£poi Enravrioioi AoyoTExvEC £ypacpav to nomTiKd i8icoc £"pya toucorn 8npoTiKii yAcoooa (opiopEVOi EvocouaTcovovrac; koi oroixEi'a Tnc vromoAaAidc)' avTi0£Tcoc,ornv npcoTEuouoa tou veoouototou KpdTouc 8ia8d8nK£ - koi p£Td to u£"oa tou aicova EniKpd-TnaE- n Ka0ap£uouaa, |i£ anoT^AEoua n 8nuoTiKii yAcoooa va Eucpavf^ETai onavicoc orn AoyoTExvia psxpioxe66v to 1880. AAAd, dncoc n xprionTnc 8npoTiKric yAcoooac and touc Enravriai-ougAoyotexvec noiKi'AAEi, e"toi koi n xprionTnc KaOapEuouaac yAcoooac and Tnv aOnvaiKri Ao-yoT£x\'fa yvcopioE 8idcpop£c £kSox£"c> and Tnv anAri KaOapEuouoa. nou avravaKAd Tnv npocpo-piKri yAcoooa tcov popcpcouEvcov aorcov, \iixpi Tnv KaOapd apxa'ioriKri yAcoooa evco 5e\ £A£n|mv

-MATIAITHNANGIIH

THI EAAMOI...

EAaiOYpacpi'a tou

Wilhelm Ahlborn.

avn'Ypacpo tou ou.tovuu.ounivaKa tou K. F. Schinkel

(1825).

AndTp[iEkixr\ tou

AA. flanaYEtopYfou-BEVErd, Adrjva, 'Eva'Opo^ja KAaoiKionou,Aerjva, 2001. a. 127.

TOYEYPIIIIAH

rAPANTOYAH 195

196

A6HNAI0I flIABAZOYN

TON «AIQNA»,

6<pr|UEpf6aavrinoAiTEuopEvri tov

'OQcova.

A9riva, r£wd6eioc;

BiPAio9nKr|.

AnMoaieuaai ornv

avBoAoyia -

YpaupaToAoYiaH EAAqviKr} noiqoiq,

snip. M. M.

rianaTcodwou

koi K. lop6avi'6nc;,

EKSoaEiqloKoAn, 1980,

a. 85.

Kai ornv AOriva AiyooTEc cpcov£"c unoorripi^ncTnc 8npoTiKric. And Tnv d/.An nAEupd, Kai oraEnrdvnoa, iSfcoc \ietq to 1850, nuKvcovouv oiAoyotexvikec papTupiEC tou yAcoooiKou apxai-opou. noTdoo, n avTiOsan avdpEaa OTnv e-TTravnoiaKri 8npoTiKri Kai Tnv aOnvaiKri KaOa-pEuouoa Ei'vai yEviKd unapKTri. H Kupia etti-cpuAa^n tcovAOnvaicov AoyoTExvcov koi Aoyicov£vavri Tnc EnravnoiaKric AoyoTExviac, Emcpu-Aa£n nou 0£copnTiKonoiri0nK£ oe noAAd KpiTi-Kd SoKipia, rkav oti auTii ypacpdTav oe yAcoo-oiKd iSicopa to onoio, Adyco aKpi(3coc Tnc tom-Kilc xprianc tou, iItov aKOTdAAnAo coc yAcooai-Kddpyavo Tnc navsAAriviac AoyoTExviac.

H p£A£rn Tnc AoyoTExviac tou 19ou aicovanpoco0£iTai onpavriKd, av AdpoupE undi|m ticlaropiKo-KoivcoviK^c ouvOiIkec Kai touc iSeo-AoyiKouc Kai noAmariKOuc dpouc nou EnnpE*-aoav Tn AoyoTEXviKri napaycoyri. 'Etoi, n Sid-8oon Tnc KaOapEuouoac Kai ev t£Aei n £m(3o-Ari Tnc oro p£yaAuT£po p£poc Tnc aOnvaiKricAoyoTExviac ocpEi'Aovrai ornv EniKpdTnan p£-Ta^u tcovAOnvaicov Aoyicov tou SdypaTOC dTi nAoyoTExvia tou veoouototou EAAnviKOu KpdTouc enp£n£ va npooEyyioa to apxaioEAAnvi-Kd yAcoooiKd pEyaAEio. TEviKdTEpa to p^Tpoou-yKpianc koi KaTa^icoanc Kd0£ nvEupaTiKricSpaornpidTTiTacornv AOriva Tncn£pid8ou 1830-1880 rirrav to anapdpiAAo npdTuno Tnc kAo-oiKric apxaidTnTac. AvrfBera, ora SutikoOpep-p£va Enrdvnoa Tdoo n Gecopfa doo koi n npd-£n Tnc AoyoTExviacSiapopcpcoOnKav KdTco andTnv Em'Spaon tcov Sutikcov Aoyotexvicov, dnouEniKpdTnoav oi opiAoupEVEC yAcoooEC. H Kupiai8£oAoyiKri 8iacpopd tcov8uo Aoyotexvikcov na-paSdaEcov ^ykeitoi oro SiacpopETiKd pdAo nouSiaSpapdTiaav coc npoc Tn ouyxpovri touc tto-AiTiKO-KOivcoviKri npaypaTiKOTnTa. iTnv AOriva n AoyoTExvia, Kai iSfcoc n noinon, npdfiaAEkoi unnpETnoE Tnv £0viKO-naTpicoTiKri iSeoAo-yfa tou piKpou EAAnviKOu KpdTouc, d^ovEc Tnconofac riTav n a8idA£inrn loropiKri ouv^xsiatou EAAnviapou and Tnv apxaidTnTa p^xpi toVEdTEpa xpdvia Kai n avdyKn EvacopdTcoancTCOVTOUpKOKpaTOUpEVCOVnEpiOXCOV ps sAAnvi-Kd nAnOuapd orov Koppdtou eOvikouKpdTouc.Oi nEpioodTEpoi AoyoT£x\'Ec koteixov Snpdoiaa^icopaTa ri riTavKaOnynTE'c navEmarnpiou, £-nopEvcoc av£"Aa[3av, dncoc snionc o Tunoc koin Snpdoia EKnafSEuon, tov EVEpyd pdAo touEKcppaoTri tou Snpdoiou aioOripaToc. EuAoynriTav, Enop^vcoc, n £u0uypdppiari touc U£ TnvKpaTOuaa i8£oAoyia. AAAd Kai dooi and toucAoyoT£"xv£c riA0av oe ouyKpouon p£ Tnv e£ou-oia, SiekSikouoov e^i'oou Evav 8paoriKd pdAonap£^p(3aanc ora Koivd.

And Tnv dAAn nAEupd, n EnravnoiaKri Ao-yoTExvia KpdTnoE andoraon and Tnv EAAnvi-

IUTOPIA TOY NEOY EAAHNIIMOY

.

kit eOviki! i8£oAoyia. H aiTia auTric Tnc Siacpo-pETiKric i8£oAoyiKric AEiTOupyiac Evroni^ETaiotic ToniK^c noAiTiKO-KoivcoviK^c auvQriKEC-ZTnv n£pio8o Tnc AyyAiKric ripooraoiac to ai-Tnpa Tnc 'Evcoanc p£ Tnv EAAdSaTpocpoSdTnoETnv noAiTiKriKai Tnv nvEupaTiKri £cori evcoeiSi-Kdoro nvEupaTiKd nsSio ava£m:ri0nK£ pia au-ToSuvapn noAiTiariKri TauTdTnTa, n onoia vaauv8ud££i Tnv ToniKri napdSoan p£ Tnv i8£apiac v£"ac EAAnviKiic AoyoTExviac, d£iac va ara-0ei SinAa otic ouyxpove'c Tnc EupconaiK^c- HouvrpinriKri nAEiovdTnTa tcov Enravriaicov AoyoTExvcov koi Aoyicov acpEvdc riTav dv8p£C KaiacpET^pou npo£"pxovrav and tic id^Eic tcov eu-yEvcovkoi tcov aorcov, koOcocoi nonoAdpoi Kaioi yuvaiKEC, aKdpn koi dose npo£"pxovrav andapiaroKpaTiKE'c oikoy^veiec, 8ev Eixav 8uva-TOTnTa npdapaonc orn Snpdoia ri ornv iSicoti-Kri EKnafSEuon. AdycoTnc KOivcoviKric touc npo-£A£uanc Kai auvEncoc xdpn OTnv oiKOvopiKriavE^apTnaia touc, oi nEpioodTEpoi Enravrioioi AoyoT£"x\'£c acpiEpcoOnKav anEpfonaaroi oraypdppaTa, Ka0c6c Sev daKnaav Kdnoio piono-pioriKd EndyyEApa. Adyco Aomdv tcov nspiopi-apcov nou £n£paAA£ to Ka0£arcoc ^n? AyyAiKric

ripooraoiag, n ErrravnaiaKri AoyoTExvia 8ev a-vetttu^e avdAoyn i8£oAoyiKri AEnoupyfa pETnvaOnvaiKri. Oi nEpiaaOTEpoi Enravrioioi Siavo-oupsvoi Kai Aoyotexvec; Tnc; yEvidc; tou IoAco-pou Kaitou KdApou SiapopcpcoOnKav nvEupa-

TiKd und Tnv dpEan Eni-8paon ri Tig annxrioEigtcov KaivoTducov i8ecov

tou AiacpcoTiapou Kai Tnc;raAAiKiic; Enavdoraonc;.

Meto dpcogTO 1864, etoc;EvacopdTcoang Tng IdvicovNnaicov ornv EAAd8a, ao-

Papsc; aXAay^c; aupPai-VOUV OE 0A0TO CpdopaTCOVTOTTIKCOV KOIVCOVIKCOV Spa-ornpioTnTcov (noArriKri,

oiKOvopia, noAmapdc;), ue anoTEAsopa Kaitoi8£oXoyiKd KAipa ora Emdvnoa va Sexetoi o-AOEva Kai laxupdTEpEc;Em8pdoEic; tou EAAnvi-kou KEvrpou- ev teaei EvrdooETai arn ocpafpasmpporig Tnc; laxuprig tote ornv AOriva «Me-ydAnc; I8eoc;». Oi paySaiEc; koivcovikec; aAAayEgp£TdTnv 'Evcoon auvoSEuovrai and Tnv npo'i-ouaa sA£n Kai ev teAei acpopoicoan Tnc; Enro

ll Enravnaia-

KriXoyoTE-xvia Kpainae

anoaiaan

and xnv

eAXiiviki!

E0VIKI1

iSEoXoyici

KAOENEIO ITHN AOHNA

inv oQcovikh n£p(o6o.Y6aiOYpa(p(a

tou Hans Hanke.

A8nva, EBviko loropiKO

Mouado.

H EiKova 6nMoai£UEiai

oto AEUKtopa EiKOveqanoiqv EMdda, 1833-1838,

Y8awypa(p(sq and wipyo wu Ludwig

Kollnberger, AGrjva,

loropiKn Kai E6voAoYiKiiEiatpo'a inc; EMaSoc;,

2000, a. 77.

I^R^^^^'

vnaiaKric; AoyoTEXViKiic; c^conc; and EKEivn Tnc;AOrivag. Meto Tnv 'Evcoon koi pExpi to T£"Aogtou 19ou aicova to otoixeio Enacprig avdpEaaotov EnravnoiaKO Kai tov aOnvaiKri nvEupa-tiko xcopo nuKvcovouv, p£ TEAiKd anoTEAEapato Enrdvnaa va xdaouv to otoixeio tou yny£-

voug noAmopou Kai Tnc; AoyoTEXviKrig i8ioou-oTaoiag tou?.

H eiTiKpdTnan tov popavTiopovnapd dpcog tic; onpavriKEg 8iacpop£"g tcov 8uoAoyotexvikcov napa8da£0)v, undpxEi Eva pa-oiko otoixeio nou ouv^xei Tn AoyoTEXViKn na-paycoYri Tnc; n£pid8ou 1830-1880. To otoixeioauTd Eivai n 8id8oon Kai ev te'Aei n EniKpdTn-on tou popavriapou, dxi Tdoo p£TnoteviI £v-voia Tnc; TExvoTponiag doo p£ Tnv EupEia iv-voia Tnc; avri'AniJjng Tnc; npaypaTiKOTnTag. napd Tnv noiKiAopopcpia Kai Tnv avricpaTiKOTnTap£tic;onoiEg EucpaviornKE Kai avanruxQnKE opopavriapdg, tooo otic; 8uTiK£"g doo Kai ornvsAAnviKii AoyoTExvia, yevikopaoiornKE orn pri-g"n p£to KAaoiKioTiKd aioOmiKd i5eco8£c;, npd-PaAs Tnv avdyKn TnganEAsuQEpcoong Tnc; cpa-vraoiag Kai tou ouvaiaOripaTog Kai £kove ai-oOnTiKri apxri tou Tnv opiaKri avaCirrnan Tnc;npcoTOTuniag Kai Tnc; 8npioupyiKdTm:ag touKaAAiTExvn. O popavriopdc; pet^Oeoe to K^vrpopdpouc; Tnc; koAAitexvikiIc; 8npioupyiac; and toavunEpPAnTa npdTuna tou napEAOdvroc; Kai a-nd TnvncpdAia avriKEipEviKri OEcopnon tou Kd-opou OTnv KaOapd unoKEipEviKri O^aan Tnc;npaypaTiKOTnTac; p£oa and to Eyco tou 8npi-oupyou.

O Eupcona'iKdc; popavriopdc; £nnp£ao£ Tdoo tov EnravnoiaKO doo Kai tov aOnvaiKd Ao-yoTExviKd xcopo. naAaidTEpa n cpiAoAoyiKri £-psuva npdpaAE coc; Kupio ri Kai anoK>v£ioriKOxcopo avdnru^nc; tou popavriapou ornv EAAd-8a TnvaOnvaiKri AoyoTExvia Tnc; n£pid8ou 1830-1880. lupcpcova p£ tic; vsdTEpEc; 6£oeic;Tnc; cpi-AoAoyiKric; EpEuvac;, otic;Sekoetiec;tou 1830 Kaitou 1840, «o EnravnoiaKdc; Kai o £AAa8iKdc; popavriopdc; avrAouv and tic; i'8iec; nnyEc;, ava-cpEpovrai oe KOivd npdTuna, anoTuncovouv o-pdKEvrpa ouvaio0ripaTa» (rEcopyavrd, 1992,oo. 134-135). iTn ouv^xsia n nopsia touc;SiacpoponoiEiTai, En£i8ri n aOnvaiKri AoyoTExvia e'AketoioAoEvaKain£pioodT£po and K>,aoi-kiotikec; TdoEic;, coc; andppoia Tnc; EuOuypdppi-oric; Tnc; p£ TigouvrnpnTiK^c; i8£oAoyiK£c; pon£c;tou eOvikou KpdTOug. 'Etoi, n aOnvaiKri noin-on tou 19ou aicova KpivETainA^ov dxi coc; api-ycoc; popavriKii, aAAd cog KAaaiKO-popavriKri.MdAiora oupcpcova p£ tov BeAouSii (1992), o e-mavnoiaKdg popavriopdg PpioKETai noAu £y-yuTEpa otov EupconaiKd popavriopd Kai Enn-pEdgETai and auTdv oe pEyaAuTEpo pdOogan' 197

198

«H nTNAlKA THIZAKY90Z...

XEipoypacpo tou

ZoAcopou, ornv naAiKii

Kaiinv EAAnviKri YACoaaa,

p£ 6iop9c6a£ic;iounoinin.. Ar)poai£U£iai aro

AEUKCOpa

Greece, Books and

Writers, AGrjva,YnoupY£io floAiTiapou -

EBviko KEVtpO BipAiou,

2001, a. 96.

t- O.-n it

r,; .'<•/"" fl~ •* lC"- *+•C2' -H- . v.•tfuunw . l

I WW fttjitJlrtWi *¥• ji , . , I • ifc£ 1'flHS'l** ' , ' IfcwW Ck,<o o/xrt"^ •

#fr«r '<** nit r/^ tLp.rti^ 2.^ ,„:,: ., : .T

I W» Kf», K/4T ,Tt«nt WmC. 'fflPT '

/q_v( y • ' .....j.tv. x.....v.-^..

d,Ti o aOnva'i'Kdg popavriopdg. ZuyKEKpipEva,o B£Aou8rig, Aappdvovrag undi|m tou to «noA-Ad koi a^idAoya onptia Enacprig avdpEoa otovaGnvaiKd Kai tov EnravnoiaKd popa\Tiopd»,xapaKTnpic^Ei tov eAAiiviko popavriopd cog «£-va ToniKdpev SiacpoponompEvo, eGviko evtou-Toig Eviaio noAiTiopiKd-KaAAiTEXviKd-AoyoTE-xviKd Kivnpa» (o. 111). Euvdpa dpcog 8iani-otcooe dTi «Ta nEpioodTEpa and to xapaKTnpi-oriKdtou EupconuiKou popavnopou PpioKovrainoAu mo ^KTuna koi oe pia npcoToysvcog api-y£OT£pn popcpri ornv EnravnoiaKri AoyoTExviatcov TpicovriTEoadpcov 8£Ka£Ticov and to 1830koi uoTEpa, napd orn ouyKaipivri TngAoyoTExvia Tng£AAa8iKiig npcoT£uouoag» (o. 104).QgT^TOia xapaKTiipioTiKri o B£Aou8rig KciTaypd-cp£i, peto^u dAAcov, tov i8£aAiopd koi Tnv e£i-8aviK£uon Tng TExvng, to oxnpaTiopdAoyoTE-xvikcov opd8cov ri oxoAcov (n.x. o KUKAog touAiovuoiou SoAcopou ri tou IokcoPou EIoAuAd),Tn orpocpri npog Tn ouAAoyri, peAetii koi a^io-noinon tcovnpo'iovrcovtou AaiKou noAmopou,Tnorpocpri npog Tn 8npOTnai yAcoooa, Tnvnpo-acpuyri orn cpuon yia tnv EKcppaon unoKEipEvi-kcov aioGnpdTcov, ipuxiKCOV KaTaoTdoEcov KainpopAnpdTcov, Tn ougsu^n Tngnoinong ue TnpouoiKri koi Tn cpiAooocpia, Tnv npcoipn KaA-AiEpysia Tng AoyoTEXA'iKrig KpiTiKiig Kai tou 80-Kipfou.

Ze ouvdpTnon p£to popavriKd nvEupa, oinEpioodTEpoi EnravrioioinomTEg evoTepvf^o-vrai koi npopriAAouv tooo oe novripaTa nom-

UTOPIA TOY NEOY EAAHNISMOY

TiKrig doo Kai oe 8oKi'pid Toug Tnv i8£aAiariKriavTiAniJjn Tng TExvngkoi Ei8iKOT£pa Tng noinong cog uipnAou i8ovikou, pEoco tou onoiou £-niTuyxdvETain nGiKri PEATi'coon koi n nvEupa-tikiI E^uipcoan tcov avGpconcov. H noi'non yiv£-Tai p£oo yia Tnv unsppaon tou Taneivou yrii-vouKdopou koiTnv npooEyyian tco\' anapcipiA/.covnoiOTiiTcovtou KdAAoug Kai Tng aAriGsiag. 2xnvi8£aAioriKii aurri avri'Anipn Tng TExvng pnopsiev p£p£i va ano5o0£i to yEyovdg oti n EnravnoiaKri noinTiKiinapaycoyri Ei'vai oro ouvoAdTng noooTiKd iax\'ri, av ouyKpi0£i \ieTnvnAnGco-piKri aGnva'iKri napaycoyri TngnEpidSou 1830-1880. To PaoiKd Aomdv ri Kai Ei8onoid, popa-\aiKrignpoEAEuong, yvcopiopa Tng Enravnaia-Krig noinong ei'vai n i8aviKdTma ri to i8eoAi-otiko Tn'Eupa Tng.

And Tnv riAAn nAEupd, to Kupio 0^pa-£pc6-Tnpa nou Getei n aOnvaucri AoyoTExvia, Kupkogn noi'non, und Tnv EnripEia ndAi tou popavri-kou nvEupaTog, dncogaurd 8iaxt'£rai iSicog ornvnoi'non tou Byron, eivai n ouyKpion avdpEoaOTOug ouyxpovoug 'EAAnvEg Kai Toug Oaupa-OTOug apxaioug npoydvoug Toug. Oi anavrri-OEig pEpaia Siioravrai, KaGcog pETanfnrouv a-nd to £va dKpo, TnGpiappoAoYia dTi n ouyxpovnEAAd8a avayevviETai Endvco orig priasigtou ^v-8o^ou napEAGdvrog Tng, aro dAAo dKpo, tiiv a-nEAmopEvn napa8oxri Tng KaTcoTEpdTiiTag tcovVEOTEpcov ^vavri tcov avun^pPAnTCov npoyd-vcov. ndvTcog koi to 8uo dKpa ekSiiAcovouvtopopavriKd GupiKd tcov o^upEvcov aioGnpciTcovkoi o8nyouv evteAei oto Eniong popavriKd KaiKupiapxo ornv aGnva'iKri AoyoTExvia aioGnpaTng nrcoong tou i5ovikou: 8ev ouyKpivETcnma

to ouyxpovo eAAiiviko na-pdv p£ Tig ancoTOTEg q)u-AETlKEg koi nvEupaTiKEgpig*£g tou aA>>d aKdpn Kaioi auyxpovoi 'DvAnvt-g Ka-Tay^'EAAovrai cogavd^ioiandyovoi tco\' npcocovTngEnavdoraong.

H auvGern koi noAu-

nAoKn cpuon tou popa-\Tiopou aiTioAoyEiTn ou-vunap^n cpaivou£Vucd a-

\TicpaTiKc6v TdoEcov orn AoyoTExvia Tngnspid-8ou 1830-1880. n.x. tooo o EnTavnoiaKdgi5a\'iapdg doo Kai n aGnva'iKri nrcoon tou i8a-vikou EKCppdgouv Tn popavnicri a\Ti'Ampn TngnpaypaTiKOTnTag, KaGcog EKSnAcovouv Tdon cpuyrig and Tn ouyxpovn KaTdoraon. nardoo, au-Tri n Tdon cpuyrig ouvundpxsi tooo p£ pia £-vrova ri Kai8nKTiKd aaTipiKri EnravnoiaKri koiaGnva'iKri noi'non, dncog EniongKai p.e opiapE-\'£g npcoipEg pEaAioriKEg £K8nAc6o£ig ornv a-Gnva'iKii nE^oypacpia.

H no(nan

Yivrrai

ueao yia

Tnv

unippaantou Tan£ivou

yriivouKoapou

H AOTOTEXNIA 1830 - 1880

Tooo n oriTipa doo koi o npcoipog pEaAi-opdg ocpEi'Aovrai oe pia dAAn, pia pEaAioriKriponritou popavriopou, nou coGei' Tn AoyoTExviava avriKpioEip£ KpiTiKii 8idG£on Tn ouyxpovriTng KOivcovia.

HXoyoTExviatov euravnaiaKOv xcopov

Ta yEviKOTEpa koivcoviko koi nvEupaTiKd xa-paKTiipioriKd Tng EnravnoiaKiiggcorig tou 19ouaicova, dncogn oraGEpri Kai otevii Enacpri \ie TnAuan koi Kupicog Tnv haAia, n acpopoicoon 8u-tikcov nGcov koi GEapcov Kai n napdAAnAn 8ia-cpuAa^n Tng EAAnviKrig EGviKrig ouv£i'8nong koiTng opGd8o£ng xpioriaviKrig m'orng, n 8iyAcoa-oia tcov popcpcopEVcov (piAouoav Kai ^ypacpavE^ioou KaAa TnvEAAnviKri koi TnvitoAikiiyAcoo-oa), n unapg"n Tunoypacpdcov Kai n pEydAn a-vdnru^n ToniKOU Tunou (i8icog tou Aoyotexvi-kou), n oraGEpri ponri npog Tn 8npoTiKii yAcoo-oa, ordGnKav oi KaAuTEpEg npounoGEOEig yiaTnv avdnru^n a^idAoyng ToniKrig AoyoTExviag.To Kupio AoyoTExviKd £i'8og nou KaAAiEpyriOiiKEora Enrdvnoa riTav n noinan- cog anpavriKri-TEpoi nomTEg avay\'copiornKav o Aiovuaiog Zo-Acopdg, o AvSpsag KdApog koi o ApioTOTEAngBaAacopiTng.

0 Aiovuaiog ZoAcopdg (1798-1857), dvrag8iyAcoooog, EypcupE Eniong apKETd iTaAdyAcoo-oa noiripaTa, tooo ora veoviko xpdvia tou d-ao koi ornv teAeutoi'o 8£Ka£Ti'a Tng gcorig tou.Teviko n nvEupaTiKri 8iapdpcpcoori tou riTav a-noTEAEopa Tng aAAnAEVEpyEiag Tng EAAnviKrigkoi Tng rraAiKrig yAcoooag Kai nai8£i'ag. H eE,e-Ai£n Tng EAAnviKrig noinorig tou pnopei va xco-piorei oe 80o n£pid8oug nou npoo5iopig*ovraiand Tnv napapovri, oto vsaviKd xpdvia tou,arnZdKUvGo (1818-1828) (g*aKuvGivri n£pio8og)koi orn ouvexeio, E'cog to TEAog Tng gxorig tou,OTnv KEpKupa (1828-1857) (KEpKupa'iKii n£-pio8og).

Ta 8ia8oxiKd ord8ia Tng e^Ai^ng Tng EAAnviKrig noinong tou XoAcopou 8£ixvouvTn pa-Kpd Kai Eninovn nopeia and to anAd, AupiKd,priAAov ouppaTiKrig KAaoiKioriKrig EpnvEuongvsaviKdnoiripaTa pExpiTa popavriKrig ouAAn-ipng pEyaAEnripoAa ouvGspaTaTng copipdTnTog.ZuyKEKpipEva, to ord8ia E^EAi^ng pnopouv va8iaKpiGouv cog E^rig: a) Ta ei'kooi nEpinou ou-vropa koi anAd AupiKd noiripaTa TngnEpidSou1818-1823 exouv Kupia GEpaTa Tnv d8oAn a-ydnn yia cpavraoriKEg ri E^i8aviK£up£V£g yu-vaiKEg koi to Govoto nAaapaTiKcov npcocov rinpaypaTiKcovnpooconcovTOU oikoyeveiokou ritou koivcovikou nEpipdAAovTog tou noinTri. P)Me tov 'Yfivo eig xnv EAsvdepiav (Mdiog 1823),Tnv coSriEic to Odvcno wuAopS Mndupo\'» (1824),KaGcog koi noiripaTa dncog H KcnaoTpocpn tcov

Wapcov (1825) koi H cpap\uiKCO[dvn (1826), on-p£icov£Tai n pETdpaon and to acpsAri GEpaTaTng npcoTng vEOTirrag npog pia aopaprinoi'nonp£ Kupio Gspa tiiv aydnn yia TnvnaTpfSa Kaitov EGviKO-anEAEuGEpcoTiKd aycova. y) To £m-KO-8papaTiKd noinpa 0 Acifinpoc (1823-1826)Ei'vai n npcoTn npoondGEia yia Tn ouvGEon e-KTEvoug ouvGetikou noiripaTog KaGapd popavriKrig GEpaToAoyiag Kai ouAAnipng. 0£pa tounoiripaTog, nou exei piKpri oxEon p£ tov eGvi-ko aycova, Ei'vai pia EpcoriKri icrcopia p£ Tpayi-ko TEAog. Ta Kupia Gepotiko oroixEia tou noiripaTog (dncog n aipopEi^ia, o piaiog ri npdco-pog GdvaTog tcovnpoaconcov, n auTOKTOvia, to

a10nyii0iz0aqm0z

(ZokuvGoc;, 1789 -

K£pi<upa,1957).

EAaiOYpacpia.

ABnva, EBviko loropiKO

Mouoeio.

199

200

IAKQB0I nOAYAAI

(KEpKupa,1825-1896).

H EiKOva 6npoai£U£iai

ornv avBoAOYia -

SpapaiOAoyiaH EMqvtKrj floiqoic,

Emp. M. M.

nana'iwdwou Kai K.

lop6avi'6nc;, ekSooeic;

Zokoah, 1980, a. 272.

unEpcpuaiKd aroixEi'a), TuniKd popavriKd GEpaTa Tng Enoxrig, avrAouvrai Kupicog and Tnvnoinon tou Byron koi cpavEpcovouvTnv npd-QEontou XoAcopou va ouyxpovioTEi p£ Tnv Td-te Eupcona'iKri noinon. 8) H yuvaiKa mc Zqku-Ooc (1826-1833) Ei'vainsCdpopcpo oaTipiKO kei'-p£vo, pE noAAd dpcog nomriKd otoixeio, noun^paoE and Tpia 6ia8oxiKd ord8ia EnE^spya-oiag. Xto npciyro ord8io ordxog riTav n odTipaKdnoiag avcovupng ZaKuvGivrig p£ EmAriipipnKoivcoviKd Kai eGviko oupnEpicpopd. XTn ouvexeio dpcog o ordxog SiEupuvOnKE koi, KaGcog toE"pyo nripE Tn Sidoraon Evdg EcpiaATiKOu opd-paTog p£ anoKaAunriKd xapaKTiipa Kai p£ ava-q>op£g otov £GviKO-an£A£uG£pcoTiKd aycova(ornv nrcoan tou MEooAoyyiou), ovoSeikvue-toi oe ouyKpouon tou koAou koi tou kokou. e)To TEAiKd ord8io Tng ooAcopiKrig nomTiKrig e-^Ai^ng Ei'vai to ouvGEpaTa Tng copipdTnTag(1833 k.e.), o KpmiKdg (1833-1834), oi EteuOe-poi TToXiopKniiEvoi (to auvGEpa, nou avacpEpE-Tai orn 8£UTEpn noAiopKi'a tou MEooAoyyiouand Toug ToupKoug to 1825 Kai ornv npcoiKri£^080 tcov noAiopKnpEvcov tov AnpiAiotou 1826,anaaxdAnaE tov ZoAcopdaro pEyaAuTEpo 8id-ornpa Tng £corig tou, and to 1826 pExpi to Gd-voto tou, Kai i8icog ornv n£pio8o 1834-1847)Kai o Uopcpupac (1847-1849). Me to Tpia auTd

UTOPIA TOY NEOY EAAHNIIMOY

Epya, nou naptpEivav avoAoicAripcoTa, eykoto-AEinETai opioriKd n oupPaTiKriGpnoKEuriKri KainaTpicoTiKriGEpaToAoyia Kai n EpcoTiKri ouvai-oGnpaToAoyia KaionpEicovErain opioriKriorpocpri tou XoAcopou npog Tnv EAAnviKri noinTiKrinapdSoon. Eniong auyKpoTErrai pia i8idcou-oa noinTiKri, p£ EiSonoid oroixEia Tnv opyavi-Kri avdnru^n, Tnv anapdpiAAn AupiKOTma, touipnAd voripaTa KaiTnour,£ugriTng noinong \ieTn cpiAooocpfa.

H vEaviKii noinTiKri napaycoyri tou XoAcopou xapaKTnpic^ETai and to Pooiko GspaTiKdTpinruxo dAng Tng EnravnaiaKrig noinong: na-Tpi8a, xpioriaviKii GpnoKEi'a, E '̂iSaviKEupE'vnyuvaiKsia popcpri. AAAd ora copipa ouvGEpaTaTng KEpKupa'iKiig nEpid8ou to i'8ia GspaTiKd ke-vrpa EpnAouTi'^ovrai p£oa and TigouornpaTi-K^-g cpiAooocpiKiig avagrrrrioEigTOu XoAcopou, psanoTEAEopa va avdyovrai ora GEpaTa ekei'vonou anaaxdAnaav Toug pEydAoug noinT^g d-Acov tcov Enoxcov: o Eparrag, o GdvaTog, n eAeu-Gspia, n morn oro GEd, n oxEon tou avGpconoup£ Tn cpuon. 'Etoi, n £woia Tng EAsuGEpiag orougE2£i)0spoug noAiopKiifie'voug, av koi to loropi-Kd nAaioio tou ouvGfipaTog Ei'vai naTpiarriKd,anoKTd ev te"Aei nvEupaTiKri onpaoia. Oi no-AiopKnp£voi MEOoAoyyiTEg aycovi^o\Tai va Ka-TopGcooouv va anEAEuGEpcooouv Tnv ijjuxriToug,unEpviKcovrag cpuoiKd koi ipuxiKd EpndSia, toonofa opGcovovrai pnpoord oro ocopa koi otocppdvnpd Toug, and Toug i'8ioug Toug EauTOugToug, and Tn cpuon kqi and Toug ExGpoug. TaouvGEpaTa Tng ooAcopiKrig copipdTnTag nspi-orpEcpovrai yupco and Tig noiKiAEg dipEig Tng8oKipaoiag tou avGpconou va cp^pEi oe aioionspag Tnv ndAn tou pe to peydAa EpndSia KaiTignpoicArioEigTng g"corig: tov ndAEpo, to nGiKdxp£og, tov £pcoTa.

Av koi n TExvoTpom'a Kai to cpiAoaocpiKd u-ndpaGpo tou copipou ooAcopiKOu ipyov pnopouv va xapaKTnpiorouv popavriKd, outo 8evonpaivEi dTi o copipog XoAcopdg GscopouaE, d-ncog oi nEpioodTEpoi popavriKoi noinTsg Tng e-noxrig tou, Tnv noinon Tpdno ^Kcppaang EvdgaouyKpdTnTou npooconiKou nciQoug. Ta copipaouvOEpaTd tou 8ev Ei'vainoinon E^opoAoyirn-kou xapaKTripa yupco and pia npoaconiKri ou-vaiaGnpaTiKii KaTdoraon, KaGcog avacpEpovraioe dAAa (npaypaTiKd ri cpavraoriKd) npdoconaKai oe avriKEipEviK^g nEpiordoEig, nou acpo-pouv Kupicog otov EGviKd aycova tcovopoEGvcovtou, oroug onoioug o nomTrig npoonaGsi vanpoocpspEi napaSEiypaTa piag avcoTEpng, ttveu-paTiKiig Kai nQiKrigordong c/orig.

Kaipio yia Tnv Eppnvsia Kai Tnv aiaGnTiKrianoTipnon Tng ooAcopiKrig noinong Ei'vaito gri-Tnpa Tng anoonaopaTiKOTnTag, SnAaSri to \e-yovdg dTi to ouvGETiKd Kai onpavriKOTEpa noi-

H AOrOTEXNIA 1830 - 1880

ripaxa pa? napa860nKav avoAoKAriptoTa oe pi-Kp6x£po ri nEYaAurepo PaOpd. Kaxd Tn 8irip-KEia Tn? gtoric; tou o loAtopdc; 8npooi£uo£ EvanoAu ptKpd kqi dxito mo a^idAoYO \i£poq touEpYOU tou. HTToimiKri cpripn tou pETa^u tcovOUYXpOVGOV TOU OCpElAdTOV KUpl'COC; OTO VEOVl-k6 T/vvo eig inv EleuQepiav. Ta nEpioodTEpakoi KaAuTEpa noiripaTd tou, i8itoc; to ouvOe-paTa Tn? copipdTnrdc; tou, £p£ivav ov£k8otoaAAd koi Ypapp^va oe aKdTdaraTn koi avop-0riypacpn popcpri, oe 8idcpopa ord8ia ejie^eq-yaoiaq, ora auTOYpacpa T£Tpd8ia ri koi OKdp-

ma cpuAAa tou. To 1859,8uo xpdvia p£Td to 0d-vototou SoAwpou, o cpi-Aoc; koi paOnTric; tou Id-Kwfioc; rioAuAdc; £^8a)-o£ tov Tdpo AiovuoiouZoAwpou, Ta EUpioKOiie-va. Me Euouv£i8noia kqi

p£Go8iKdTnTa o EIoAuAdc;id}EOE oe ai'aio n£pac; £-va E^aipETiKd 8uokoAo£pyo: KQTdpBcooE va a-

TTOKaTaorriaEi koi, toe; iva anpdo, va avaouv-0£oei to EAAnviKd kei'pevo tcov aoAtopiKtov noi-npdTcov p£oa and Tig 8idcpop£c; EnE^EpYaopjf-ve? popcp^? tou?. M£"xpi oripEpa ndvrcoc; to Z,n-Tnpa Tn? £K8oanc; tou aoAtopiKori ^pyouTrapap£\'£i avoiKTd. Qardao, y\o touc; anpEpi-vouc; avavvcooTE? nanoonaopaTiKii popcpri 8evanoTEAEi «npdpAnpa», and TnoriYpri nou ava-Yvcopi^ETai n aioOnTiKri aKEpaidTirra koi nTioinTiKri auTdpKEia tcov 8iacpdpa)v anoona-opdTwv. lupcpoova p£Tnv Kaipia oxetikii dno-ipn tou rioAiTn (1985), nou ovdpaoE to ano-ondopaTa «AupiK£"c; £vdTnT£g» ri «AupiKd £n£i-od8ia», o loAtopdc; «8e 0£Ana£ ri 8ev evSio-cp£p0nK£ va Evrd^Ei to AupiKd auTd KoppdTiaa' £va auvoAo acpriYnpaTtKd ri"EniKoAupiKd".'EpsivE ornv Ka0apri AupiKri ^Kcppaon, a8ia-cpopcovrac; yia Tn pn AupiKri ouv8etikii ouoi'a,npoxcopcovrac; £toi npoc; pia KaidKinon Evdq"KaOapou" AupiKOu xtopou, noAu mo npiv andTnv Enoxri tou» (o. 148).

0 loAcopdc; Eivai o pova8iKdc; (owe; 'EAAn-vac;noimric; tou 19ou aitova nou pnopEi va ora-0ei iad£ia 8inAa ora psydAa avaorripaTa Tnc;Eupcona'iKric; popavriKiig noinanc;. Tia to n£-piopiop£va p£Tpa Tnc; vEdTEpnc; EAAnviKiic; noinanc;ouviard eva anapdpiAXo npdxuno, A6-Yco tou a8uownnTOU aYtova tou va tiOooeu-OEi tic; 8uokoAi£c; koi va un£pviKrio£i to e-pndSiaTnc EKcppaanc;, auTdnou dpOtovE piaa8iapdpcpcoTn aKdpn AoyoTEXvia. IripEpa 0£-copEi'Tai o kot'e^oxiiv e0vik6c; nomrric; pag. OtitAoc; auTdc; tou avaYvcopic^ETai En£i8ri Ei'vai oSnpioupydc; tou EAAnviKou eOvikou upvou (a-

0 IoAghioc;OT£K£TGLl

lad^ia SinXaaia neydAaavaaxripaTainc£upa)na*i-kik; ponavn-

kiic; notnan?

H XPYIH lOPAHM TOY

AlONYIIOYIOAniVIOY.

A6rjva, Mouoei'o

MnEvdKrj. And toi\EUKC0|ja H EaA68o tou

Mouoeiou MnevaKq,

AGriva, 1997, a. 582.

no to 1865 oi 8uo npcoTEc; orpocpEc; tou «'YpvouEic; Tnv EA£U0£piav», p£Aonoinp^v£c; and tovNikoAoo MdvTc;apo, Ka0i£po')0nKav wc; e0vikoc;upvoc;). Enionc;, dpoc;, o loAwpdc; 0£wp£iTai £-0vikoc; noinTric;, En£i8ri to Kupia 0£paTa tcovnompdT0)v tou avrAouvrai and tov eGviko-o-n£AEU0£pcoTiKd aYcova koi En£i8ri AEiTOupyn-oe coc; YEvdpxnc; Tnc; VEOTEpnc; £A>,nviKric; noin-onc;, 0^TO\aac;, nparioc; aurdc;, touc; yAwooikouc;koi aio0nTiKouc; dpouc; yia tnv avdnru^ri Tnc;.Meto to OdvaTO tou ZoAcopou Kai p^xpi tou-AdxiorovTii8£Ka£TiaTOU 1930, n EAAnviKrinoi-non avamux0nK£ oe yevik^c; Ypapp^C oupcpco-va p£ to 8ik6touyAwooiKd koi EKcppaariKd na-pd8£iYpa. Opdcpcova oxe8ov oi vEdTEpoi tou'EAAnvEc; nouu^c; tov avaYvo')pioav cog to on-pavriKOTEpo npoyovd touc;.

Av Kaito ooAwpiKd ^pyo naAaidTEpa eyi-veavriKEipEVO i8£oAoYiKric; xprionc;, oripEpa to8iapdc;oupE toe; aioOnTiKd 8paoriKri noinon.AuTd oupfJaivEi £n£i8ri n naTpicoTiKil Kupicoc; 0£-paTiKri tou Eoridc^ETai orov nd0o piac; unEpa-TopiKiic; koi nvEupaTiKric; EAsuOEpiac; Kai avd-YETai oepia KaGoAiKri ocpaipa cpiAooocpiKiic; a-va^riTnoric; xnc;, n£pa and Tn ouYKupia tou£OviKO-an£A£u0£pcoTiKou aYcova. 'Etoi n oo-AwpiKri noinon un£ppaiv£i Tadpia Tnc; icrropi-KOTnTdc; Tnc; koi Tnc; EGvdTircac; Kai p£Ta8i8£ia^i'Ec; koi i8^ec; p£ navavOpcomvn Kai ndvroTEEm'Kaipn onpaoia.

TonEpiopiop^vo £AAnv6YAcoooo noinTiKd^PYO tou Enionc; Si'yAcoooou AvSp^a KdAfJou

201

OANAPEAIKAABOI

(ZdKUvSoc;, 1792 -

Adou8 AvYAiac;, 1869)OE OX&IO TOU T. lEtpEpn(1941), nou nepiEAiicpen

otov nptoxo xdpo nov

AoKifJWV, (1936-1947),AGriva,

Ek66oeu; 'iKapoc,1974.Ava6r|MoaiEUEiai aro

AEUKtopa Greece, Books

and Writers, A8iiva,

YnoupveionoAiTiapou-

E8vik6 KEVtpo BipAiou,2001, a. 101.

OANAPEAIKAABOI

oe ox£b\o tou OSuaaea

Burn (1991).

Greece, Books and

Writers, AGriva,YnoupveionoAitiapou-

E8vik6 KeVcpo BipAiou,2001, a. 101.

4*V 0*^0^» JVjJ'-b^ Ht<N<*

(1792-1869) anoxEAEixai and 20 (oSe'c,oi onoi-£C n£pi£xovxai crric 8uo ouAAoye'c nou e^Sco-oe oe VEaviKri nAiKia, xn Aiipa (rEVEun 1824)(co8^c 1-10) KaiTdAupiKd (Uapioi 1826) (a>8£c11-20) (EniKpdxnoE n ouvri0Eia to advoAo twv20 auxc&v noinpdxcovva xixAotpopouvxai Q8£g).nponYoup^vcoc, orn Sekoexio 1811-1821 xpo-voAoYouvrai xa piKpric a^iac ixaAiKd Aoyote-xviipaxd tou.

©EpaxiKii prixpa xtov DScjv oxdGnKE n E-navdoxaan. ZxicnEpioodxEpEc a)8£*c nEpiypd-(povxai, E^upvouvxai riKai axoAid£ovxai yey°-voxa,npdocona KaiKaxaoxdoEic xou AYtova oxa

xpdvia 1821-1826. KaGcoc dptoc n auyxpovnauxri icrropiKii nEpmEXEia GEpaxonoiEi-

xai, auv8^£xai opyaviKd atpsvdc p£xic axopiKE'c n£pm^x£i£c Kai a-Ytovfec xou KdApou atp£x£pou p£xnv i8£oAovfa xou cocnoinxrl ZxicQ8€gn anoxiva£n xou xoupkikou£uyou auviaxd, Y£ViKdx£pa, pd-

xn Evavxiov Evdc xupawiKou Ka-eEoxcoxoc. H KaxdKxnon xnc eAeu-

GEpiacxou EAAnviKou ^GvoucGaan-udvEi xnv unEpioxuon xou SiKaiouETri xnc aSiKiat;, xnvEniKpdxnanxnc

KOivcoviKric KainoAixiKilc apExricEndvto axnv xutpAri 8uvapn xnc

E^ouaiac, xnv EmppdBEuonxnc nai8£fac Etc pdpoc xncpapPapdxnxac. Oi ndpnoA-Aec mvei'ec oxnv apxaia pu-

GoAoYia koi oxo £v8o£o apxaiOEA-AnviKd napEAGdv, oe ouv8uaapd p£a-

vatpop^c oxn ouyxpovn EAAdSa (tpuoiKri

UTOPIA TOY NEOY EAAHNIIMOY

opoptpid xou xdnou, ijjuxiko xapiopaxa xtovav-Gptontov) Kaioxn xpionaviiai Aaxpda, Seixvouvdxio KdApoc E^YpatJjE ™C a>8£c e£ ovdpaxoc xnceGviktic KOivdxnxac, xnv onoia npoonaGEi va£ui|juxc6a£i, va pvnp£it6o£i Kai va 8o£do£i. Ka-Gtoc oi Q8egEivai aytovioTiKd Kai napatvExiKdnoiripaxa, avanxuooovxai p£ opiop^vEc GEpa-xik^c avxiG^OEic. H KupidxEpn EivaieAeuGepio-xupawia Kai avaAuExai oe avxi6£o£ic Kaxa-oxdoEtovoi onoiECaupPoAi£ouv xa 8uo p£"Anxou avxixi6£p£vou Ceuyouc: tptoc-OKdxoc, o-poptpid-pappapdxnxa, np(oiopdc-a8pdv£ia,pvri-pn-Anopovid.

H i8EoAoYia xou £tpnpou Kai vEapou KdApou 8iapop(p(6GnK£ oxn SidpKEia xnc paKpdcnapapovric tou oxnv IxaAia, xnv AvyAioKaixnvEApExia (1802-1825). H ox£*p£n AoYOXEXvuainai-8£ia xou, SiapopcpwpE'vn oxo EpYaoxiipi xou i-xoAikouvEOKAaoiKiopou, ouv8udoxnK£ p£xnv£m'8paan xcov cjhAeAeuGepcov iSecov nou 8i£-OTTEipE oe dAn xnv Euptonn n raAAiKii Enavd-axaan. Enianc oi Q8ig anopp^ouv aAAd Kaiov-vxeivouv oxo loxupd xnv Enoxri EKEi'vn Eupto-naiKd cpiAfiAAnviKd Kivnpa. H dnoijin dxi o KdApoc fi'YpatJ'S xa EAAnviKd noiripaxd xou yia vaxa an£uGuv£i oxo EuptonaiKd KOivd nou eixeEuaioGnxonoin0£i ane'vavxi oxov EAAnviKd A-

Ytova, Eivai pdoipn. And xnv dAAn dptoc M£pidn EmAoYri xnc, dYVtooxnc oxouc Euptonaiouc,v^ac EAAnviKiic YAcooaac Yiaxn ouYYpatpri^vC18(bv uno8nAtov£i xnv EniGupia xou KdApou, e-vdc auxo8i8aKXOu Aoyiou xnc EAAnviKiic Aia-orropdc, va unnp£xrio£i dxi pdvo xnv naxp(8a,aAAd Kai xic avaYEwnp^vEC MoOoec.

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