ÅàééêÉÄçàóÖëäÄü ïàåàü, 2009, ÚÓÏ 35, ‹ 1, Ò. 95–102

95

#

ÇÇÖÑÖçàÖ

ŇÈ͇θÒÍËÈ ÓÁÂÌ˚È ÒË„ (

Coregonus

lavaretus

ba-icalensis

Dybovsky

) – „ÎÛ·ÓÍÓ‚Ó‰Ì˚È ·ÂÌÚÓÙ‡„, Ó·Ë-Ú‡˛˘ËÈ ‚ ÓÒÌÓ‚ÌÓÏ Ì‡ „ÎÛ·Ë̇ı 30–100 Ï Ë ÌÂÂÒÚÛ-˛˘ËÈ ‚ Ò‡ÏÓÏ ÓÁÂÂ. ŇÈ͇θÒÍËÈ ÓÏÛθ (

C

.

autum-nalis

migratorius

Georgi

) – Ô·„˘ÂÒÍËÈ Ô·ÌÍÚÓÙ‡„,Ó·ËÚ‡˛˘ËÈ Ì‡ „ÎÛ·Ë̇ı ‰Ó 350–400 Ï [1–4]. ÑÓ΄Ó‚ÂÏfl ÔÓ ÏÓÙÓÎӄ˘ÂÒÍËÏ ÔËÁÌ‡Í‡Ï ̋ ÚËı ˚· ÓÚ-ÌÓÒËÎË Í ‡ÁÌ˚Ï ‚ˉ‡Ï. é‰Ì‡ÍÓ Ôӂ‰ÂÌÌ˚ Ì‰‡‚-ÌÓ ‡Ì‡ÎËÁ ‚‡Ë‡·ÂθÌÓÒÚË ÏÚÑçä Ë ËÁÓÙÂÏÂÌÚ-Ì˚È ‡Ì‡ÎËÁ ÔÓ͇Á‡ÎË ·ÎËÁÓÒÚ¸ ·‡È͇θÒÍÓ„Ó ÓÏÛÎflÍ ËÒÚËÌÌ˚Ï ÒË„‡Ï Ë, ÔÂʉ ‚Ò„Ó, Í ‚ˉÛ

C

.

lavare-tus

L

. [5–8]. èÓÒÎÂ‰Û˛˘ËÈ ‰ÂڇθÌ˚È ÙËÎÓ„ÂÓ„‡-Ù˘ÂÒÍËÈ ‡Ì‡ÎËÁ ÒÚÛÍÚÛ˚ ÏÚÑçä è‡ÎÂÓ‡ÍÚ˘Â-ÒÍËı Ë çÂÓ‡ÍÚ˘ÂÒÍËı ÒË„Ó‚˚ı [9], ‡ Ú‡ÍÊ „Â̇-Îӄ˘ÂÒÍË ÂÍÓÌÒÚÛ͈ËË ·‡È͇θÒÍËı ÒË„Ó‚˚ı[10] ÔÓÁ‚ÓÎËÎË Ò‰Â·ڸ ÓÍÓ̘‡ÚÂθÌ˚È ‚˚‚Ó‰ Ó ÔË-̇‰ÎÂÊÌÓÒÚË ·‡È͇θÒÍÓ„Ó ÓÏÛÎfl Í ‚ˉÛ

C

.

lavaretus

.í‡ÍËÏ Ó·‡ÁÓÏ, ·‡È͇θÒÍËÈ ÓÏÛθ Ë ÓÁÂÌ˚È ÒË„fl‚Îfl˛ÚÒfl ·ÎËʇȯËÏË Ó‰ÒÚ‚ÂÌÌË͇ÏË, Ëı ‰Ë‚Â-„Â̈Ëfl ÓÚ Ó·˘Â„Ó Ô‰͇ ÔÓËÁӯ· ‚ÒÂ„Ó 10–20

Ú˚Ò. ÎÂÚ Ì‡Á‡‰, ÔÓ-‚ˉËÏÓÏÛ, ‚ Ò‚flÁË Ò ÓÒ‚ÓÂÌËÂχÁÌ˚ı ÚÓÙ˘ÂÒÍËı Ì˯ [10]. ÑÓ‚ÓθÌÓ ÍÓÓÚÍËÈ

ëÓ͇˘ÂÌËfl: ÇÉ – ‚˚˜ËÚ‡˛˘‡fl „˷ˉËÁ‡ˆËfl; ÏÚÑçä –ÏËÚÓıÓ̉ˇθ̇fl Ñçä; èÑêî – ÔÓÎËÏÓÙËÁÏ ‰ÎËÌ Â-ÒÚË͈ËÓÌÌ˚ı Ù‡„ÏÂÌÚÓ‚.

#

Ä‚ÚÓ ‰Îfl Ò‚flÁË (ÚÂÎ.: (495) 330-65-47; Ù‡ÍÒ: (495) 330-65-38; ˝Î. ÔÓ˜Ú‡:

tanya

@

humgen

.

siobc

.

ras

.

ru

).

ÒÓÍ ‰Ë‚„Â̈ËË ·‡È͇θÒÍÓ„Ó ÓÏÛÎfl Ë ÒË„‡ ‚ χÒ-¯Ú‡·Â ˝‚ÓβˆËÓÌÌÓ„Ó ‚ÂÏÂÌË ÔÓÁ‚ÓÎflÂÚ ‡ÒÒ˜Ë-Ú˚‚‡Ú¸, ˜ÚÓ Ò‡‚ÌÂÌË Ëı „ÂÌÓÏÓ‚ ÏÓÊÂÚ ‚˚fl‚ËÚ¸„ÂÌÂÚ˘ÂÒÍË هÍÚÓ˚, ÍÓÚÓ˚ ‚ ‰‡ÌÌÓÏ ÒÎÛ˜‡ÂË„‡˛Ú ÓÔ‰ÂÎfl˛˘Û˛ Óθ ÔË ‰Ë‚„Â̈ËË ÔÓÔÛ-ÎflˆËÈ. ñÂθ˛ ̇¯ÂÈ ‡·ÓÚ˚ fl‚ÎflÎÓÒ¸ Ôӂ‰ÂÌËÂÔÓËÒ͇ ˝ÎÂÏÂÌÚÓ‚ „ÂÌÓχ (Í‡Í ÍÓ‰ËÛ˛˘Ëı, Ú‡Í ËÌÂÍÓ‰ËÛ˛˘Ëı), ‡Á΢Ì˚ı ÔÓ ÒÚÛÍÚÛ ‚ „ÂÌÓχıÓÏÛÎfl Ë ÒË„‡.

êÖáìãúíÄíõ à éÅëìÜÑÖçàÖ

ÑÎfl Ôӂ‰ÂÌËfl „ÂÌÓÏÌÓ„Ó Ò‡‚ÌÂÌËfl ÒË„‡ Ë ÓÏÛ-Îfl ·˚Î ‚˚·‡Ì ÏÓ‰ËÙˈËÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚È Ì‡ÏË ÏÂÚÓ‰ ‚˚-˜ËÚ‡˛˘ÂÈ „˷ˉËÁ‡ˆËË (ÇÉ). ùÚÓÚ ÏÂÚÓ‰ ‰‡ÂÚ ‚ÓÁ-ÏÓÊÌÓÒÚ¸ ̇ıÓ‰ËÚ¸ ÔÓÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚË, ÒÔˆËÙË-˜ÂÒÍË ‰Îfl „ÂÌÓÏÌÓÈ Ñçä Ó‰ÌÓ„Ó Ó„‡ÌËÁχ, Ú‡Í̇Á˚‚‡ÂÏÓ„Ó ÚÂÈÒ‡, ÍÓÚÓ˚ı ÌÂÚ ‚ „ÂÌÓÏÌÓÈÑçä ‰Û„Ó„Ó Ó„‡ÌËÁχ – ‰‡È‚‡.

ëÚÛÍÚÛ‡ „ÂÌÓÏÓ‚ ÒË„Ó‚˚ı ÌÂËÁ‚ÂÒÚ̇, Ӊ̇-ÍÓ, ÔÓ ‡Ì‡ÎÓ„ËË Ò

Danio

rerio

Ë

Tetraodon,

ÔÓÎÌÓ„Â-ÌÓÏÌ˚ ÔÓÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚË ÍÓÚÓ˚ı ÓÔ‰ÂÎÂ-Ì˚ [

ZFIN

,

The

Zebrafish

Information

Network

,

www

.

cns

.

fr

/

tetraodon

], ÏÓÊÌÓ ÓÊˉ‡Ú¸, ̃ ÚÓ ‚ ÌËı ÔËÒÛÚ-ÒÚ‚ÛÂÚ ·Óθ¯Ó ÍÓ΢ÂÒÚ‚Ó ÔÓ‚ÚÓfl˛˘ËıÒfl ˝ÎÂ-ÏÂÌÚÓ‚, ÍÓÚÓ˚ Á‡ÚÛ‰Ìfl˛Ú Í‡Í Ò‡ÏÛ ÇÉ, Ú‡Í ËÔÓÒÎÂ‰Û˛˘ËÈ ‡Ì‡ÎËÁ ÔÓÎÛ˜ÂÌÌ˚ı ÍÎÓÌÓ‚. ùÚÛÔÓ·ÎÂÏÛ ÏÓÊÌÓ ÔÂÓ‰ÓÎÂÚ¸ ‚‚‰ÂÌËÂÏ Ô‰‚‡-ËÚÂθÌÓÈ ÒÚ‡‰ËË “ÌÓχÎËÁ‡ˆËË” Ò‡‚ÌË‚‡ÂÏ˚ı

ÉÖçéåçÄü Åãàáéëíú ÅÄâäÄãúëäéÉé éåìãü à ëàÉÄ

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#

, Ö. Ñ. 낉ÎÓ‚*

*àÌÒÚËÚÛÚ ·ËÓÓ„‡Ì˘ÂÒÍÓÈ ıËÏËË ËÏ. ‡Í‡‰. å.å. òÂÏflÍË̇ Ë û.Ä. 邘ËÌÌËÍÓ‚‡ êÄç, 117997 Éëè, åÓÒÍ‚‡, Ç-437, ÛÎ. åËÍÎÛıÓ-å‡Í·fl, 16/10;

**ãËÏÌÓÎӄ˘ÂÒÍËÈ ËÌÒÚËÚÛÚ ëé êÄç, àÍÛÚÒÍ

èÓÒÚÛÔË· ‚ ‰‡ÍˆË˛ 20.03.2008 „. èËÌflÚ‡ Í Ô˜‡ÚË 28.05.2008 „.

Ñ‚‡ Ô‰ÒÚ‡‚ËÚÂÎfl ·‡È͇θÒÍËı ÒË„Ó‚˚ı – ÓÁÂÌ˚È ÒË„ (

Coregonus

lavaretus

baicalensis

Dybovsky

) Ë ÓÏÛθ(

C

.

autumnalis

migratorius

Georgi

) fl‚Îfl˛ÚÒfl ·ÎËʇȯËÏË Ó‰ÒÚ‚ÂÌÌË͇ÏË, Ëı ‰Ë‚„Â̈Ëfl ÓÚ Ó·˘Â„ÓÔ‰͇ ÔÓËÁӯ· ‚ÒÂ„Ó 10–20 Ú˚Ò. ÎÂÚ Ì‡Á‡‰. ꇷÓÚ‡ ÔÓÒ‚fl˘Â̇ ËÒÒΉӂ‡Ì˲ „ÂÌÓÏÌÓ„Ó ÔÓÎËÏÓÙËÁ-χ ˝ÚËı ‰‚Ûı ‚ˉӂ ˚·. àÒÔÓθÁÓ‚‡ÌË ÏÂÚÓ‰‡ ‚˚˜ËÚ‡˛˘ÂÈ „˷ˉËÁ‡ˆËË (ÇÉ) ÏÂÊ‰Û „ÂÌÓÏÌ˚ÏËÑçä ÒË„‡ Ë ÓÏÛÎfl Ì ‚˚fl‚ËÎÓ ÔÓÚflÊÂÌÌ˚ı ÔÓÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚÂÈ, ÔËÒÛÚÒÚ‚Û˛˘Ëı ‚ „ÂÌÓÏ ÒË„‡ Ë ÓÚ-ÒÛÚÒÚ‚Û˛˘Ëı ‚ „ÂÌÓÏ ÓÏÛÎfl. ÇÒ ̇ȉÂÌÌ˚ ‚ ÂÁÛθڇÚ ÇÉ Ù‡„ÏÂÌÚ˚ ÒÓÓÚ‚ÂÚÒÚ‚Û˛Ú ÔÓÎËÏÓÙÌ˚ÏÌÂÍÓ‰ËÛ˛˘ËÏ Û˜‡ÒÚÍ‡Ï „ÂÌÓÏÓ‚, ‚‡¸ËÛ˛˘ËÏ ‚ ÂÁÛθڇÚ ӉÌÓÌÛÍÎÂÓÚˉÌ˚ı Á‡ÏÂÌ Ë ÍÓÓÚÍËı ‰Â-ΈËÈ. åÌÓ„Ë ËÁ ÌËı ͇ÚËÛ˛ÚÒfl ‚·ÎËÁË „ÂÌÓ‚ ËÏÏÛÌÌÓÈ ÒËÒÚÂÏ˚ Ë ËÏÂ˛Ú Û˜‡ÒÚÍË, ˉÂÌÚ˘Ì˚ ¯Ë-ÓÍÓ ‡ÒÔÓÒÚ‡ÌÂÌÌ˚Ï ÒÂ‰Ë ˚· íÒ1-ÔÓ‰Ó·Ì˚Ï Ú‡ÌÒÔÓÁÓ̇Ï, Ú‡ÌÒÍËÔˆËÓÌ̇fl ‡ÍÚË‚ÌÓÒÚ¸ ÍÓÚÓ-˚ı ÏÓÊÂÚ ‚ÎËflÚ¸ ̇ ˝ÍÒÔÂÒÒ˲ ·ÎËÁÎÂʇ˘Ëı „ÂÌÓ‚. í‡ÍËÏ Ó·‡ÁÓÏ, ̇ÏË ‚Ô‚˚ ÔÓ͇Á‡ÌÓ, ˜ÚÓ „Â-ÌÂÚ˘ÂÒÍË ‡Á΢Ëfl ÏÂÊ‰Û ·‡È͇θÒÍËÏË ÒË„Ó‚˚ÏË ̃ ÂÁ‚˚˜‡ÈÌÓ Ï‡Î˚ Ë Ì ‚˚fl‚Îfl˛ÚÒfl ÏÂÚÓ‰‡ÏË ÇÉ.ùÚÓ Â˘Â ‡Á ÔÓ‰Ú‚Âʉ‡ÂÚ Ô‰ÔÓÎÓÊÂÌËÂ Ó ·ÎËÁÍÓÏ Ó‰ÒÚ‚Â ·‡È͇θÒÍËı ÓÏÛÎfl Ë ÒË„‡ Ë Ëı ˝‚ÓβˆË-ÓÌÌÓ Ì‰‡‚Ì˛˛ ‰Ë‚„ÂÌˆË˛ ÓÚ Ó·˘Â„Ó Ô‰͇.

äβ˜Â‚˚ ÒÎÓ‚‡: ‚ˉÓÓ·‡ÁÓ‚‡ÌËÂ, „ÂÌÓÏÌ˚È ÔÓÎËÏÓÙËÁÏ,

Coregonidae

, ‚˚˜ËÚ‡˛˘‡fl „˷ˉËÁ‡ˆËfl.

ìÑä 577.2

96

ÅàééêÉÄçàóÖëäÄü ïàåàü      ÚÓÏ 35      ‹ 1      2009

Å˚˜ÂÌÍÓ

Ë ‰

.

Ù‡„ÏÂÌÚËÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ı „ÂÌÓÏÓ‚, ̄ ËÓÍÓ ËÒÔÓθÁÛÂ-ÏÓÈ ‚ ÒıÂχı ÇÉ ÍÑçä [11, 12]. ç‡ ˝ÚÓÈ ÒÚ‡‰ËËÔÓËÒıÓ‰ËÚ Ó·‡ÁÓ‚‡ÌË ·˚ÒÚÓ Â̇ÚÛËÛ˛-˘ÂÈ Ù‡ÍˆËË, Ó·Ó„‡˘ÂÌÌÓÈ ‚˚ÒÓÍÓÔ‰ÒÚ‡‚ÎÂÌ-Ì˚ÏË ÔÓÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚflÏË, ‚ ÒÎÛ˜‡Â „ÂÌÓÏÌÓ„ÓÒ‡‚ÌÂÌËfl – ÔÓ‚ÚÓfl˛˘ËÏËÒfl ˝ÎÂÏÂÌÚ‡ÏË „ÂÌÓ-χ. чΠ˝Ú‡ ه͈Ëfl Û‰‡ÎflÂÚÒfl ËÁ ÔÓÒÎÂ‰Û˛˘Â-„Ó Ò‡‚ÌÂÌËfl. íÂÏ Ò‡Ï˚Ï, ÔÓËÒıÓ‰ËÚ Ó·Ó„‡˘Â-ÌË ÚÂÈÒ‡ ÌËÁÍÓÔ‰ÒÚ‡‚ÎÂÌÌ˚ÏË, ‚ ÚÓÏ ̃ ËÒÎÂÍÓ‰ËÛ˛˘ËÏË ÔÓÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚflÏË „ÂÌÓχ.

èÓÏËÏÓ ÒÚ‡‰ËË ÌÓχÎËÁ‡ˆËË Ï˚ Ú‡ÍÊ ÔËÏÂ-ÌËÎË ÏÂÚӉ˘ÂÒÍÛ˛ ˉ², ËÒÔÓθÁÛÂÏÛ˛ ‚ ‡Ì‡ÎËÁÂÔÓÎËÏÓÙËÁχ ‰ÎËÌ ÂÒÚË͈ËÓÌÌ˚ı Ù‡„ÏÂÌÚÓ‚(èÑêî), ÔÓÎÛ˜ÂÌÌ˚ı Ò ÔÓÏÓ˘¸˛ ÇÉ [13, 14]. èËÒ‡‚ÌÂÌËË ·ÎËÁÍÓÓ‰ÒÚ‚ÂÌÌ˚ı „ÂÌÓÏÓ‚ ·Óθ¯Û˛˜‡ÒÚ¸ ‡Á΢ËÈ ÒÓÒÚ‡‚Îfl˛Ú Ì·Óθ¯Ë ه„ÏÂÌÚ˚‰ÂΈËÓÌÌÓ-ËÌÒˆËÓÌÌÓÈ ÔËÓ‰˚ Ë Ó‰ÌÓÌÛÍÎÂÓ-ÚˉÌ˚ Á‡ÏÂÌ˚, ӷ̇ÛÊÂÌË ÍÓÚÓ˚ı Ô‡ÍÚ˘Â-ÒÍË Ì‚ÓÁÏÓÊÌÓ ‚ Ó·˚˜Ì˚ı ÒıÂχı ÇÉ. ëÛÚ¸ ÏÂÚÓ‰‡Á‡Íβ˜‡ÂÚÒfl ‚ Ô‡‡ÎÎÂθÌÓÏ ˝ÎÂÍÚÓÙÓÂÚ˘Â-ÒÍÓÏ ‡Á‰ÂÎÂÌËË ‰‚Ûı ̇·ÓÓ‚ ÂÒÚË͈ËÓÌÌ˚ıÙ‡„ÏÂÌÚÓ‚, ÔÓÎÛ˜ÂÌÌ˚ı ÔË Ù‡„ÏÂÌÚËÓ‚‡ÌËËÚÂÈÒ‡ Ë ‰‡È‚‡. èË Ôӂ‰ÂÌËË ÇÉ ‚ ͇˜ÂÒÚ‚ÂÒ‡‚ÌË‚‡ÂÏ˚ı Ó·‡ÁˆÓ‚ ËÒÔÓθÁÛ˛ÚÒfl ÔÛÎ˚ ÑçäÓ‰Ë̇ÍÓ‚ÓÈ ‰ÎËÌ˚, ÔË ˝ÚÓÏ „ÓÏÓÎӄ˘Ì˚ ه„-ÏÂÌÚ˚ Ò ‡Á΢Ì˚ÏË ‰ÎË̇ÏË Ó͇Á˚‚‡˛ÚÒfl ‚ ‡Á-Ì˚ı ÁÓ̇ı Ë Ì „˷ˉËÁÛ˛ÚÒfl ‰Û„ Ò ‰Û„ÓÏ. äÓÏÂÚÓ„Ó, ̃ ÚÓ·˚ ËÒÍβ˜ËÚ¸ ËÁ ‡ÒÒÏÓÚÂÌËfl „ÂÚÂÓ‰ÛÔ-ÎÂÍÒ˚, Ó·‡ÁÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ „ÓÏÓÎӄ˘Ì˚ÏË Ù‡„ÏÂÌÚ‡-ÏË ·ÎËÁÍÓÈ ‰ÎËÌ˚ (Ë Ì‡ıÓ‰fl˘ËÏËÒfl ÔÓÒΠ˝ÎÂÍÚÓ-ÙÓÂÚ˘ÂÒÍÓ„Ó ‡Á‰ÂÎÂÌËfl ‚ Ó‰ÌÓÏ ÔÛÎÂ), ̇ÏË ‚‚Â-‰Â̇ ÏÓ‰ËÙË͇ˆËfl, Á‡Íβ˜‡˛˘‡flÒfl ‚ Ó·‡·ÓÚÍÂÒÏÂÒË ÔÓÒΠ‚˚˜ËÚ‡˛˘ÂÈ „˷ˉËÁ‡ˆËË ÌÛÍ·ÁÓÈÁÓÎÓÚËÒÚÓÈ Ù‡ÒÓÎË.

ë Û˜ÂÚÓÏ ‚˚¯ÂÓÔËÒ‡ÌÌ˚ı ÏÓ‰ËÙË͇ˆËÈ Ì‡ÏËÔӂ‰ÂÌÓ ‚˚˜ËÚ‡ÌË ÔÛÎÓ‚ „ÂÌÓÏÌ˚ı Ù‡„ÏÂÌÚÓ‚‰ÎËÌÓÈ ‰Ó 800 Ô.Ó. Ë ÔÓÎÛ˜Â̇ ‡ÌÊËÓ‚‡Ì̇fl ·Ë·-ÎËÓÚÂ͇, Ó·Ó„‡˘ÂÌ̇fl ÒÔˆËÙ˘ÂÒÍËÏË ‰Îfl ÒË„‡ „Â-ÌÓÏÌ˚ÏË ÔÓÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚflÏË. äÎÓÌ˚ ·Ë·ÎËÓÚÂ-ÍË ‡Ì‡ÎËÁËÓ‚‡ÎË ÏÂÚÓ‰ÓÏ ‰ËÙÙÂÂ̈ˇθÌÓÈ „Ë-·Ë‰ËÁ‡ˆËË Ò ‡‰ËÓ‡ÍÚË‚ÌÓ Ï˜ÂÌÌ˚ÏË ÁÓ̉‡ÏË,ÔË„ÓÚÓ‚ÎÂÌÌ˚ÏË ËÁ ÔÓ‰ÛÍÚÓ‚ ‚˚˜ËÚ‡ÌËfl “ÒË„–ÓÏÛθ” Ë “ÓÏÛθ–ÒË„”. äÓ΢ÂÒÚ‚Ó ‰ËÙÙÂÂ̈Ë-‡Î¸ÌÓ „˷ˉËÁÛ˛˘ËıÒfl ÍÎÓÌÓ‚ ÒÓÒÚ‡‚ËÎÓ 85. ÑÎflÍ‡Ê‰Ó„Ó ÍÎÓ̇ ·˚· ÓÔ‰ÂÎÂ̇ ÌÛÍÎÂÓÚˉ̇fl ÔÓ-ÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚ¸ Ë ÔӇ̇ÎËÁËÓ‚‡Ì‡ Ò ËÒÔÓθÁÓ-‚‡ÌËÂÏ ‰ÓÒÚÛÔÌ˚ı ·‡Á ‰‡ÌÌ˚ı ÔÓ ÔÓ„‡ÏÏÂ

BLASTn

(

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ncbi

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blast

) (‡Ì‡ÎËÁÍÎÓÌÓ‚ Ô˂‰ÂÌ ‚ Ú‡·Î. 1). çË ‰Îfl Ó‰ÌÓ„Ó ËÁ ÔÓ-‡Ì‡ÎËÁËÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ı Ù‡„ÏÂÌÚÓ‚ Ì ·˚ÎÓ Ì‡È‰ÂÌÓ ÒÛ-˘ÂÒÚ‚ÂÌÌÓ„Ó ÒıÓ‰ÒÚ‚‡ Ò ËÁ‚ÂÒÚÌ˚ÏË ÍÓ‰ËÛ˛˘ËÏËÔÓÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚflÏË. ÅÓθ¯ËÌÒÚ‚Ó ‰ËÙÙÂÂ̈Ë-‡Î¸ÌÓ „˷ˉËÁÛ˛˘ËıÒfl ÍÎÓÌÓ‚ ÒÓ‰ÂÊ‡Ú Ù‡„-ÏÂÌÚ, ˉÂÌÚ˘Ì˚È Ì‡ 84–88% ‚ÌÛÚÂÌÌÂÏÛ ÒÔÂÈÒÂÛ„Â̇ 28

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2,

U

17965.1). ëÂ‰Ë ÓÒڇθÌ˚ı ÔӇ̇ÎËÁËÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ıÍÎÓÌÓ‚ ·Ë·ÎËÓÚÂÍË ‰‚‡ ÒÓ‰ÂÊ‡Ú ‚ÒÚ‡‚ÍÛ ÏÚÑçä,‰Îfl 11 ‚ÒÚ‡‚ÓÍ ÌÂÚ ÒÛ˘ÂÒÚ‚ÂÌÌÓÈ „ÓÏÓÎÓ„ËË ‚ ·‡Ì-Í ‰‡ÌÌ˚ı, 14 „ÓÏÓÎӄ˘Ì˚ ‡Á΢Ì˚Ï ÌÂÍÓ‰ËÛ-

˛˘ËÏ Û˜‡ÒÚÍ‡Ï „ÂÌÓ‚ ËÏÏÛÌÌÓÈ ÒËÒÚÂÏ˚: í-ÍÎÂ-ÚÓ˜ÌÓ„Ó ÂˆÂÔÚÓ‡ (

TCR

),

IgA

,

MHC

, ‡ Ú‡ÍÊ ÁÓ̇‰-„ÂÁËÌÔÓ‰Ó·ÌÓ„Ó „Â̇ (

zlg

), ÔË ̋ ÚÓÏ ÔflÚ¸ ‡Á΢Ì˚ıÙ‡„ÏÂÌÚÓ‚ ͇ÚËÛ˛ÚÒfl ‚ ËÌÚÓ̇ı „Â̇

zlg

, ‡ÒÂϸ – Ô‰ Ô‚˚Ï ˝ÍÁÓÌÓÏ ‚ 5'-ӷ·ÒÚË.

ÉÂÌÓÏÌ˚ èñê Ò ÓÎË„ÓÌÛÍÎÂÓÚˉÌ˚ÏË Ô‡ÈÏÂ-‡ÏË, ÒÍÓÌÒÚÛËÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ÏË Ì‡ ̇ȉÂÌÌ˚ ÌÛÍÎÂÓ-ÚˉÌ˚ ÔÓÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚË, ÔÓ͇Á‡ÎË, ˜ÚÓ ÌË Ó‰Ì‡ËÁ ÔӇ̇ÎËÁËÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ı ÔÓÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚÂÈ ÌÂfl‚ÎflÂÚÒfl ÒË„-ÒÔˆËÙ˘ÂÒÍÓÈ; ÓÌË, ‚ÓÁÏÓÊÌÓ, Ô‰-ÒÚ‡‚Îfl˛Ú ÒÓ·ÓÈ èÑêî-ÂÁÛθڇÚ˚ ÚӘ˜Ì˚ı ÏÛÚ‡-ˆËÈ ‚ Ò‡ÈÚ ÛÁ̇‚‡ÌËfl ÂÒÚË͈ËÓÌÌÓÈ ˝Ì‰ÓÌÛÍÎÂ-‡ÁÓÈ, ÍÓÚÓ‡fl ËÒÔÓθÁÓ‚‡Î‡Ò¸ ‰Îfl Ù‡„ÏÂÌÚËÓ‚‡-ÌËfl Ò‡‚ÌË‚‡ÂÏ˚ı „ÂÌÓÏÓ‚.

ÑÎfl ÌÂÒÍÓθÍËı Ù‡„ÏÂÌÚÓ‚, ̇ȉÂÌÌ˚ı ͇͉ËÙÙÂÂ̈ˇθÌ˚ ‚ ÇÉ, ·˚ÎË Ôӂ‰ÂÌ˚ ˝ÍÒÔÂ-ËÏÂÌÚ˚ ÔÓ ÛÒÚ‡ÌÓ‚ÎÂÌ˲ ÌÛÍÎÂÓÚˉÌÓÈ ÔÓÒΉÓ-‚‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚË ÂÒÚË͈ËÓÌÌ˚ı Ò‡ÈÚÓ‚

RsaI

. ÑÎfl ‡Ì‡-ÎËÁ‡ ·˚ÎË ÓÚÓ·‡Ì˚ Ú ه„ÏÂÌÚ˚, ÍÓÚÓ˚Â, ÒÓ-„·ÒÌÓ ÒıÓ‰ÒÚ‚Û Ò „ÂÌÓÏÌ˚ÏË ‡ÈÓÌÓÏË

D

.

rerio

,

Salmo

salar

,

Oncorhynchus

mykiss

, ‚Ó-Ô‚˚ı, ‡ÒÔÓ-ÎÓÊÂÌ˚ ‚·ÎËÁË „ÂÌÓ‚, ‚Ó-‚ÚÓ˚ı, ‡ÒÔÓÎÓÊÂÌ˚ ‚„ÂÌÓÏ fl‰ÓÏ ‰Û„ Ò ‰Û„ÓÏ, ˜ÚÓ ‰‡ÂÚ ‚ÓÁÏÓÊÌÓÒÚ¸·˚ÒÚÓ ÓÔ‰ÂÎËÚ¸ ̇΢ˠÏÂÊ‰Û ÌËÏË Ò‡ÈÚÓ‚ Â-ÒÚË͈ËË

RsaI

. í‡Í, ‚ÒÚ‡‚ÍË ÍÎÓÌÓ‚ ‹ 31 Ë 20 ӷ·-‰‡˛Ú ̇˷Óθ¯ÂÈ Ë‰ÂÌÚ˘ÌÓÒÚ¸˛ (91%) Ò „ÂÌÓÏ-Ì˚Ï Û˜‡ÒÚÍÓÏ

O

.

mykiss

, ̇ıÓ‰fl˘ÂÏÒfl ÏÂÊ‰Û 3-Ï Ë4-Ï ˝ÍÁÓ̇ÏË „Â̇

IgH

.

A

(ÌÓÏ ‰ÂÔÓÌËÓ‚‡ÌËfl ‚

GenBank

AY

872257.1) (ËÒ. 1

‡

). Ç „ÂÌÓÏÂ

O

.

mykiss

„ÓÏÓÎӄ˘Ì˚ ÔÓÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚË ‡Á‰ÂÎÂÌ˚ ‡Ò-ÒÚÓflÌËÂÏ

∼

570 Ô.Ó. å˚ Ô‰ÔÓÎÓÊËÎË, ˜ÚÓ ‚ „ÂÌÓ-χı ÒË„‡ Ë ÓÏÛÎfl ÒÓÓÚ‚ÂÚÒÚ‚Û˛˘Ë ÔÓÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθ-ÌÓÒÚË Ú‡ÍÊ ‡ÒÔÓÎÓÊÂÌ˚ fl‰ÓÏ Ë, ÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθÌÓ,ÏÓ„ÛÚ ·˚Ú¸ ‡ÏÔÎËÙˈËÓ‚‡Ì˚ Ò ÔÓÏÓ˘¸˛ Ó‰ÌÓÈÓ·˘ÂÈ Ô‡˚ Ô‡ÈÏÂÓ‚. ÑÎfl ÔÓ‚ÂÍË ˝ÚÓ„Ó Ô‰-ÔÓÎÓÊÂÌËfl ̇ÏË ·˚· ÒÍÓÌÒÚÛËÓ‚‡Ì‡ Ô‡‡ Ô‡È-ÏÂÓ‚ 31_20

for

/31_20

rev

, ‰‡˛˘‡fl ÔÓ‰ÛÍÚ ‡ÏÔÎË-ÙË͇ˆËË, ‚Íβ˜‡˛˘ËÈ ÔÓÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚË ÍÎÓ-ÌÓ‚ 31 Ë 20, Ë „ÂÌÓÏÌ˚È Û˜‡ÒÚÓÍ ÏÂÊ‰Û ÌËÏË.ÑÂÈÒÚ‚ËÚÂθÌÓ, ‡ÏÔÎËÙË͇ˆËfl „ÂÌÓÏÌÓÈ Ñçä ÒË„‡Ë ÓÏÛÎfl Ò ËÒÔÓθÁÓ‚‡ÌËÂÏ ˝ÚÓÈ Ô‡˚ Ô‡ÈÏÂÓ‚ ‰‡-‚‡Î‡ Ù‡„ÏÂÌÚ˚ ÓÊˉ‡ÂÏÓÈ ‰ÎËÌ˚ 1100 Ô.Ó. èñê-ÔÓ‰ÛÍÚ˚ ·˚ÎË ÍÎÓÌËÓ‚‡Ì˚, ‰Îfl ÌÂÒÍÓθÍËı ÍÎÓ-ÌÓ‚ ÓÔ‰ÂÎÂ̇ ÌÛÍÎÂÓÚˉ̇fl ÔÓÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚ¸.Ç˚fl‚ÎÂÌ˚ ÏÌÓ„Ó˜ËÒÎÂÌÌ˚ ӉÌÓÌÛÍÎÂÓÚˉÌ˚‡Á΢Ëfl ÏÂÊ‰Û Ñçä ‡ÁÌ˚ı ÍÎÓÌÓ‚, ‚ Ó‰ÌÓÏ ÒÎÛ-˜‡Â (ÓÏÛθ) Ô˂‰¯ËÂ Í ËÁÏÂÌÂÌ˲ ÔÓÒΉӂ‡-ÚÂθÌÓÒÚË Ò‡ÈÚÓ‚ ÂÒÚË͈ËË

RsaI

(

GTAC

ËÁÏÂÌÂÌÓ̇

ATAA

). èË ̋ ÚÓÏ Ô‚˘̇fl ÒÚÛÍÚÛ‡ ÍÎÓÌËÓ-‚‡ÌÌ˚ı ÔÓÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚÂÈ ‡Á΢‡ÂÚÒfl Ì ÚÓθ-ÍÓ ÏÂÊ‰Û ÒË„ÓÏ Ë ÓÏÛÎÂÏ, ÌÓ Ë ‚ÌÛÚË Ó‰ÌÓ„Ó ‚ˉ‡.Ç Ó‰ÌÓÈ ËÁ ÔÓÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚÂÈ ËÁ „ÂÌÓχ ÒË„‡Ì‡È‰Â̇ ‰ÂΈËfl ‰ÎËÌÓÈ 38 Ô.Ó.

åÛÚ‡ˆËË ‚ Ò‡ÈÚ ‡Ò˘ÂÔÎÂÌËfl

RsaI

Ó·˙flÒÌfl˛Ú,ÔÓ˜ÂÏÛ ÔÓÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚË, ÔËÒÛÚÒÚ‚Û˛˘Ë ‚Ó·ÓËı ‚ˉ‡ı, Ó͇Á˚‚‡˛ÚÒfl Ó·Ó„‡˘ÂÌÌ˚ÏË ÔË ‚˚-˜ËÚ‡ÌËË. Ç ÂÁÛθڇÚ ËÒ˜ÂÁÌÓ‚ÂÌËfl ÂÒÚË͈ËÓÌ-ÌÓ„Ó Ò‡ÈÚ‡ Ó·‡ÁÛ˛ÚÒfl ‰ÎËÌÌ˚ ه„ÏÂÌÚ˚ ÚÂÈÒÂ-

ÅàééêÉÄçàóÖëäÄü ïàåàü      ÚÓÏ 35      ‹ 1      2009

ÉÖçéåçÄü Åãàáéëíú ÅÄâäÄãúëäéÉé éåìãü à ëàÉÄ

97

‡, ÍÓÚÓ˚ Ì ̇ıÓ‰flÚ ÔÓ‰Ó·Ì˚ı ÔÓÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθÌÓ-ÒÚÂÈ ÒÂ‰Ë ‡‚ÌÓ‰ÎËÌÌ˚ı Ù‡„ÏÂÌÚÓ‚ ‰‡È‚‡.

ê‡Á΢ˠÔÓÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚÂÈ ‚ÌÛÚË ‚ˉ‡ ‚ÒÎÛ˜‡Â Ù‡„ÏÂÌÚ‡ 31_20 ÒÓÒÚ‡‚ËÎÓ 3.7% ‰Îfl ÒË„‡ Ë2.7% ‰Îfl ÓÏÛÎfl, ÏÂÊ‰Û ÒË„ÓÏ Ë ÓÏÛÎÂÏ (ÛÒ‰ÌÂÌ-ÌÓÂ) – 3.5%. èÓÒÍÓθÍÛ ‚ÌÛÚË„ÂÌÓÏÌ˚È ÔÓÎËÏÓ-ÙËÁÏ ‡ÒÒχÚË‚‡ÂÏ˚ı Ó„‡ÌËÁÏÓ‚ ‚ ÔÓˆÂÌÚÌÓÏÓÚÌÓ¯ÂÌËË ÔËÏÂÌÓ ‡‚ÂÌ ‡Á΢ËflÏ ÏÂÊ‰Û ÌËÏË,ÏÓÊÌÓ Ô‰ÔÓ·„‡Ú¸, ˜ÚÓ Ï˚ ËÏÂÂÏ ‰ÂÎÓ ÌÂ Ò ‡Î-ÎÂθÌ˚ÏË ‚‡Ë‡ÌÚ‡ÏË, ‡ ‰ÛÔÎˈËÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ÏË ÎÓÍÛ-Ò‡ÏË „ÂÌÓÏÓ‚ ÒË„‡ Ë ÓÏÛÎfl. ÑÎfl ÔÓ‚ÂÍË ˝ÚÓ„ÓÔ‰ÔÓÎÓÊÂÌËfl Ò „ÂÌÓÏÌ˚ÏË Ñçä ÒË„‡ Ë ÓÏÛÎfl ·˚-ÎË Ôӂ‰ÂÌ˚ èñê ‚ ÂÊËÏ ‡θÌÓ„Ó ‚ÂÏÂÌË ‰ÎflÎÓÍÛÒ‡ 31_20 Ò ÚÂÏfl Ô‡‡ÏË Ô‡ÈÏÂÓ‚ (31

for

/

rev

,20

for

/

rev

, 31

for

/20

rev

). ÑÎfl ÍÓÌÚÓÎfl ÍÓ΢ÂÒÚ‚‡ χÚ-ˈ˚ ·˚Î ‚˚·‡Ì „ÂÌ

γ

-

IFN

, ÍÓÚÓ˚È ÔËÒÛÚÒÚ‚ÛÂÚ‚ Ó‰ÌÓÈ ÍÓÔËË Û ÏÌÓ„Ëı Ó„‡ÌËÁÏÓ‚ [15]. èÓÒÍÓθÍÛÌÛÍÎÂÓÚˉ̇fl ÔÓÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚ¸ ÎÓÍÛÒ‡ ˝ÚÓ„Ó „Â-̇ ‚ „ÂÌÓχı ÒË„Ó‚˚ı ÌÂËÁ‚ÂÒÚ̇, Ô‡ÈÏÂ˚ ‰Îfl ‡Ï-ÔÎËÙË͇ˆËË ÔÓ‰·Ë‡ÎË ÔÓ Ì‡Ë·ÓΠÍÓÌÒ‚‡ÚË‚-Ì˚Ï Û˜‡ÒÚÍ‡Ï ÔÓÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚË Ïêçä

γ

-

IFN

-„Â-̇

S

.

salar

(ÌÓÏ ‰ÂÔÓÌËÓ‚‡ÌËfl ‚

GenBankAJ841811) (Ú‡·Î. 2). èӂ‰ÂÌÌ˚ ˝ÍÒÔÂËÏÂÌÚ˚҂ˉÂÚÂθÒÚ‚Û˛Ú Ó ÚÓÏ, ˜ÚÓ ÓÚÌÓ¯ÂÌË ÍÓ΢ÂÒÚ‚‡

ÍÓÔËÈ Í‡Ê‰Ó„Ó ËÁ ÚÂı Ù‡„ÏÂÌÚÓ‚ ‚ „ÂÌÓÏ ÒË„‡ ÍÍÓ΢ÂÒÚ‚Û ÍÓÔËÈ ˝ÚËı Ù‡„ÏÂÌÚÓ‚ ‚ „ÂÌÓÏ ÓÏÛÎfl(ËÒ. 2) ÔËÏÂÌÓ ‡‚ÌÓ Â‰ËÌˈÂ, ÚÓ ÂÒÚ¸ ‡ÒÒχÚË-‚‡ÂÏ˚ ̇ÏË Ù‡„ÏÂÌÚ˚ ÔËÒÛÚÒÚ‚Û˛Ú ‚ „ÂÌÓχı ‚Ó‰Ë̇ÍÓ‚ÓÏ ˜ËÒΠÍÓÔËÈ, ‡, ÍÓÏ ÚÓ„Ó, Ù‡„ÏÂÌÚ˚31 Ë 20 ‰ÂÈÒÚ‚ËÚÂθÌÓ Í‡ÚËÛ˛ÚÒfl ‚ Ó·˘ÂÏ „ÂÌÓÏ-ÌÓÏ ÎÓÍÛÒÂ Í‡Í ‚ „ÂÌÓÏ ÒË„‡, Ú‡Í Ë ‚ „ÂÌÓÏ ÓÏÛÎfl.

Ä̇Îӄ˘ÌÓ Ì‡ÏË ·˚ÎÓ ËÒÒΉӂ‡ÌÓ Â˘Â ‰‚‡ „Â-ÌÓÏÌ˚ı Û˜‡ÒÚ͇ ÒË„‡ Ë ÓÏÛÎfl. äÎÓÌ˚ ‹ 75, 82 Ë 86ËÏÂ˛Ú ‡Á΢ÌÛ˛ ÒÚÂÔÂ̸ ˉÂÌÚ˘ÌÓÒÚË Ò „ÂÌÓÏÌ˚-ÏË Û˜‡ÒÚ͇ÏË 20-„Ó ËÌÚÓ̇ ÁÓ̇‰„ÂÁËÌÔÓ‰Ó·ÌÓ„Ó„Â̇ (AY785950, ÍÓÓ‰Ë̇Ú˚ 127918–130094 Ô.Ó.).ÑÎfl ‡Ì‡ÎËÁ‡ ‰‡ÌÌÓ„Ó Ù‡„ÏÂÌÚ‡ ‰ÎËÌÓÈ ∼2.7 Ú.Ô.Ó.ÓÌ ·˚Î ‡Á‰ÂÎÂÌ Ì‡ ‰‚‡ ÔÂÂÍ˚‚‡˛˘ËıÒfl Û˜‡ÒÚ͇,ÍÓÚÓ˚ ·˚ÎË ‡ÏÔÎËÙˈËÓ‚‡Ì˚ (èñê-ÔÓ‰ÛÍÚ˚‹ 1 Ë 2 ̇ ËÒ. 1·). äÎÓÌ˚ ‹ 21 Ë 100 Ú‡ÍÊ ͇ÚË-Ó‚‡ÎËÒ¸ ̇ÏË ‚ ‡ÈÓÌ ÁÓ̇‰„ÂÁËÌÔÓ‰Ó·ÌÓ„Ó „Â̇(AY785950, ÍÓÓ‰Ë̇Ú˚ 8670–9174 Ô.Ó.) ̇ ‡ÒÒÚÓfl-ÌËË ÔËÏÂÌÓ 100 Ú.Ô.Ó ‰Ó 1-„Ó ˝ÍÁÓ̇. èÓ‰Ó·‡Ì̇flÔ‡‡ Ô‡ÈÏÂÓ‚ (21_100for Ë 21_100rev) ÔÓÁ‚ÓÎË·‡ÏÔÎËÙˈËÓ‚‡Ú¸ ÔÓ‰ÛÍÚ˚ ÓÊˉ‡ÂÏÓÈ ‰ÎËÌ˚ ‰Îfl„ÂÌÓÏÓ‚ Ó·ÓËı ‚ˉӂ. ÇÒ ÔÓÎÛ˜ÂÌÌ˚ ÔÓ‰ÛÍÚ˚èñê ·˚ÎË ÍÎÓÌËÓ‚‡Ì˚ Ë Ôӂ‰ÂÌÓ ÒÂÍ‚ÂÌËÓ‚‡-ÌË fl‰‡ ÍÎÓÌÓ‚. ä‡Í Ë ‚ ÒÎÛ˜‡Â Ù‡„ÏÂÌÚÓ‚ ‹ 31 Ë

퇷Îˈ‡ 1. êÂÁÛθڇÚ˚ Ò‡‚ÌÂÌËfl „ÂÌÓÏÌ˚ı Ù‡„ÏÂÌÚÓ‚ ÒË„‡, ÔÓÎÛ˜ÂÌÌ˚ı ‚ ÂÁÛθڇÚ ‚˚˜ËÚ‡ÌËfl, Ò „ÂÌÓÏÌ˚-ÏË ÔÓÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚflÏË ‡Á΢Ì˚ı Ó„‡ÌËÁÏÓ‚

çÓÏ ÍÎÓ̇ ëıÓ‰ÒÚ‚Ó Ò ‡ÌÌÓÚËÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ÏË „ÂÌÓÏÌ˚ÏË ÔÓÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚflÏË

ÑÎË̇ Û˜‡ÒÚ͇ ÍÎÓÌËÓ‚‡ÌÌÓ„Ó Ù‡„ÏÂÌÚ‡, ˉÂÌÚ˘̇fl „ÂÌÓÏÌÓÈ ÔÓÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚË, % (‚ ÒÍÓ·-

͇ı Ô˂‰ÂÌ ÔÓˆÂÌÚ „ÓÏÓÎÓ„ËË)

èÓÎÓÊÂÌË ‚ „ÂÌÓÏ (ÎÓ͇ÎËÁ‡ˆËfl

ÓÚÌÓÒËÚÂθÌÓ „Â̇)

31, 20 O. mykiss, ÎÓÍÛÒ IgH.A (AY872257.1)O. mykiss, ‡ÈÓÌ „Â̇ MHC Í·ÒÒ‡ Ia (AB162342.1)

100 (88)

99 (87)

ËÌÚÓÌ

~8 Ú.Ô.Ó. ÓÚ ÔÓÒΉÌÂ„Ó ˝Í-ÁÓ̇

100, 21 S. salar, „ÂÌ ÁÓ̇‰„ÂÁËÌÔÓ‰Ó·ÌÓ„Ó ·ÂÎ͇ (AY785950.1)S. salar, „ÂÌ CD3 „‡Ïχ‰Âθڇ-A (EF421418.1)

99 (90)

98 (86)

~100 Ú.Ô.Ó. ‰Ó 1-„Ó ˝ÍÁÓ̇

ËÌÚÓÌ

75, 82, 86, 84, 08 S. salar, „ÂÌ ÁÓ̇‰„ÂÁËÌÔÓ‰Ó·ÌÓ„Ó ·ÂÎ͇ (AY785950.1)S. salar, ÍÎÓÌ 249L01, TCR-‡Î¸-Ù‡/‰Âθڇ ÎÓÍÛÒ (EF467299.1)

28–97 (94–76)

94–99 (76–86)

ËÌÚÓÌ˚

ËÌÚÓÌ˚

30, 26, 29, 32, 27 S. salar, ÍÎÓÌ 15J19 TCR-‡Î¸Ù‡/‰Âθ-Ú‡ ÎÓÍÛÒ (EF467295.1)S. salar, „ÂÌ ÁÓ̇‰„ÂÁËÌÔÓ‰Ó·ÌÓ„Ó ·ÂÎ͇ (AY785950.1)

62 (88)

63 (86)

ËÌÚÓÌ˚

ËÌÚÓÌ˚

25 O. tshawytscha, „ÂÌ ËÌÒÛÎËÌÔÓ‰Ó·ÌÓ-„Ó Ù‡ÍÚÓ‡ ÓÒÚ‡ I (IGF-I.1) (AY100012.1) S. salar, „ÂÌ ËÌÚÂÙÂÓ̇ ‡Î¸Ù‡ 1 (IFNA1) (DQ354152.1)

90 (90)

90 (88)

ËÌÚÓÌ

ËÌÚÓÌ

51 ÍÎÓÌ Salvelinus namaycush, ÍÎÓÌ 26A2, „ÂÌ 28S êçä (U17965.1)

23–25 (84–88) ‚ÌÛÚÂÌÌËÈ Ú‡ÌÒÍË·ËÛ-ÂÏ˚È ÒÔÂÈÒÂ, ITS

76, 14 C. lavaretus, ÏËÚÓıÓ̉ˇθ̇fl Ñçä (AB034824.1)

48 (97) ÏËÚÓıÓ̉ˇθ̇fl Ñçä

11 ÍÎÓÌÓ‚ Zebrafish, ‡Á΢Ì˚ „ÂÌÓÏÌ˚ ÔÓ-ÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚË

13–24 (91–98) ÌÂÍÓ‰ËÛ˛˘Ë ۘ‡ÒÚÍË

7

98

ÅàééêÉÄçàóÖëäÄü ïàåàü      ÚÓÏ 35      ‹ 1      2009

Å˚˜ÂÌÍÓ Ë ‰.

20, ÓÔËÒ‡ÌÌ˚ı ‚˚¯Â, Ò‡‚ÌÂÌË ÌÛÍÎÂÓÚˉÌ˚ı ÔÓ-ÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚÂÈ ÍÎÓÌÓ‚ ÏÂÊ‰Û ÒÓ·ÓÈ Ë Ò ÔÓÒΉÓ-‚‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚflÏË Ù‡„ÏÂÌÚÓ‚, ̇ȉÂÌÌ˚ÏË Í‡Í ‰ËÙ-ÙÂÂ̈ˇθÌ˚ ‚ ‚˚˜ËÚ‡˛˘ÂÈ „˷ˉËÁ‡ˆËË, ÔÓ͇-Á‡ÎÓ ÒÛ˘ÂÒÚ‚Ó‚‡ÌË ‡Á΢ËÈ Ì ÚÓθÍÓ ÏÂʉÛÓ„‡ÌËÁχÏË, ÌÓ Ë ‚ÌÛÚË Í‡Ê‰Ó„Ó ËÁ „ÂÌÓÏÓ‚. Ç˚-

fl‚ÎÂÌÓ Ì‡Î˘Ë ÏÌÓ„Ó˜ËÒÎÂÌÌ˚ı Ó‰ÌÓÌÛÍÎÂÓÚˉ-Ì˚ı Á‡ÏÂÌ, ‰ÂΈËÈ (4–35 Ô.Ó.), ËÁÏÂÌÂÌÌ˚ı Ò‡ÈÚÓ‚RsaI.

ëÛÏÏËÛfl ÔÓÎÛ˜ÂÌÌ˚ ÂÁÛθڇÚ˚, ÒΉÛÂÚ ÔÓ‰-˜ÂÍÌÛÚ¸, ˜ÚÓ ‚Ò ÔӇ̇ÎËÁËÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ ه„ÏÂÌÚ˚ÔÓÎÛ˜ÂÌÌÓÈ ·Ë·ÎËÓÚÂÍË ÒË„-ÒÔˆËÙ˘ÂÒÍËı „ÂÌÓÏ-

(a)Oncorhynchus mykiss, ÎÓÍÛÒ IgH.A (AY872257.1)

(·)

˝ÍÁÓÌ 3 ˝ÍÁÓÌ 4

31 20

31_20 for

31_20 rev

1100 Ô. Ó.

Salmo solar, ÁÓ̇‰„ÂÁËÌÔÓ‰Ó·Ì˚È „ÂÌ (AY785950)

21 100

10 30 29 75 82 86

˝ÍÁÓÌ 1 ˝ÍÁÓÌ 20 ˝ÍÁÓÌ 21

21_100 for

21_100 rev

1100 Ô. Ó.

‹1

‹21200 Ô. Ó.

1500 Ô. Ó.

75_86 for 82 for

82 rev 75_86 rev

êËÒ. 1. ä‡ÚËÓ‚‡ÌË ÒË„-ÒÔˆËÙ˘ÂÒÍËı ÔÓÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚÂÈ ‚ ÒÎÂ‰Û˛˘Ëı „ÂÌÓÏÌ˚ı ÎÓÍÛÒ‡ı: ‡ – ÎÓÍÛÒ IgH.A(AY872257.1) O. mykiss. · – ÁÓ̇‰„ÂÁËÌÔÓ‰Ó·Ì˚È „ÂÌ (AY785950) S. salar. ëÂ˚ ÔflÏÓÛ„ÓθÌËÍË – ̇ȉÂÌÌ˚ ‰ËÙÙÂ-Â̈ˇθÌ˚ ه„ÏÂÌÚ˚ Ò ÒÓÓÚ‚ÂÚÒÚ‚Û˛˘ËÏË ÌÓχÏË ÍÎÓÌÓ‚ ·Ë·ÎËÓÚÂÍË, ·ÂÎ˚ ÒÚÂÎÍË – ÔÓ‰Ó·‡ÌÌ˚Â Í ÌËÏÛÌË͇θÌ˚ ԇÈÏÂ˚, ˜ÂÌ˚ ÒÚÂÎÍË – ÔÓ‰ÛÍÚ˚ „ÂÌÓÏÌ˚ı èñê, ÔÓÎÛ˜ÂÌÌ˚Â Ò ËÒÔÓθÁÓ‚‡ÌËÂÏ ˝ÚËı Ô‡ÈÏÂÓ‚.

퇷Îˈ‡ 2. è‡ÈÏÂ˚, ËÒÔÓθÁÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ ‰Îfl èñê

ç‡Á‚‡ÌË ԇÈχ çÛÍÎÂÓÚˉ̇fl ÔÓÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚ¸ (5'–3') íÂÏÔ‡ÚÛ‡ ÓÚÊË„‡, °ë

31_20_for 31_20_rev 31_rev 20_for

CTGAGGGGGAATAGGCTTTGTCGT CGGATGTGGCAGGGCTTGAA AGAGATCTGGCCGTGTGGTG CTGCGGCCCTGTGAATGTTGAC

67

75_86_for 75_86_rev 75_for 75_rev

CTGAGAAGAGACACATGGAACGAG GGTTTGCGCCCGTGTATTGAGCCTGCCCTGTCGGAAACTG CTGAGAAGAGACACATGGAACGA

68

82_for 82_rev

GGCCGTATACCTGGGTGACC ACGCACTGTCCCGGCTGTATG

67

100_21_for 100_21_rev

ACATGGGGCCGTGCATTAT AAGCATTTCTCCTTTGCCAAGATA

63

IFN for INF rev

CAACCAGATGCTGAACCAGA AGTGTTTCTGGGTCTCCTGA

61

ÅàééêÉÄçàóÖëäÄü ïàåàü      ÚÓÏ 35      ‹ 1      2009

ÉÖçéåçÄü Åãàáéëíú ÅÄâäÄãúëäéÉé éåìãü à ëàÉÄ 99

Ì˚ı Ù‡„ÏÂÌÚÓ‚ ÓÚÌÓÒflÚÒfl Í ÌÂÍÓ‰ËÛ˛˘ËÏ „ÂÌÓÏ-Ì˚Ï Û˜‡ÒÚ͇Ï: ËÌÚÓ̇Ï, ÏËÍÓ- Ë ÏËÌË-Ò‡ÚÂÎÎË-Ú‡Ï, Ú‡ÌÒÔÓÁÓÌÓÔÓ‰Ó·Ì˚Ï ÒÚÛÍÚÛ‡Ï. ÑËÙÙÂÂÌ-ˆË‡Î¸Ì˚ı Ù‡„ÏÂÌÚÓ‚, ÓÚÌÓÒfl˘ËıÒfl Í ÍÓ‰ËÛ˛˘ÂȘ‡ÒÚË „ÂÌÓχ, ̇ÏË Ì‡È‰ÂÌÓ Ì ·˚ÎÓ.

Ç ÔÓÎÛ˜ÂÌÌÓÈ ·Ë·ÎËÓÚÂÍ ·ÓΠÔÓÎÓ‚ËÌ˚ ÓÚÓ-·‡ÌÌ˚ı ‰ËÙÙÂÂ̈ˇθÌ˚ı Ù‡„ÏÂÌÚÓ‚ ËϲÚÛ˜‡ÒÚÍË, „ÓÏÓÎӄ˘Ì˚ ‚ÌÛÚÂÌÌËÏ Ú‡ÌÒÍË·ËÛ-ÂÏ˚Ï ÒÔÂÈÒÂ‡Ï (ITS) „ÂÌÓ‚ 28S pêçä. ÑÂÈÒÚ‚Ë-ÚÂθÌÓ, ITS-Û˜‡ÒÚÍË ÓÚ΢‡˛ÚÒfl Ò‚ÓÂÈ ÔÓÎËÏÓÙ-ÌÓÒÚ¸˛, ‡ ÏÂʂˉӂ˚ ‡Á΢Ëfl ÔÓ ‡ÁÏÂÛ Ú‡Ì-ÒÍËÔˆËÓÌÌÓÈ Â‰ËÌˈ˚ pêçä Ó·ÛÒ·‚ÎË‚‡˛ÚÒfl‡Á΢ËflÏË ‚ ‰ÎËÌ ÒÔÂÈÒÂÌ˚ı Û˜‡ÒÚÍÓ‚ [16–18].èÓ ˝ÚÓÈ Ô˘ËÌ ÔÓÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚË ITS ˜‡ÒÚÓ ËÒ-ÔÓθÁÛ˛ÚÒfl Í‡Í fl‰ÂÌ˚ Ñçä-χÍÂ˚ ‰Îfl ÔÓ-ÒÚÓÂÌËfl ÙËÎÓ„ÂÌÂÚ˘ÂÒÍËı Í‡Ú ÔÓÔÛÎflˆËÈ Ë·ÎËÁÍÓÓ‰ÒÚ‚ÂÌÌ˚ı ‚ˉӂ [19], ‚ ÚÓÏ ˜ËÒΠ·‡È-͇θÒÍËı ÒË„Ó‚˚ı [8].

àÌÚÂÂÒÌÓ, ˜ÚÓ 15% ̇ȉÂÌÌ˚ı ‰ËÙÙÂÂ̈ˇθ-Ì˚ı Ù‡„ÏÂÌÚÓ‚ ӷ·‰‡˛Ú ‚˚ÒÓÍÓÈ ÒÚÂÔÂ̸˛ ÒıÓ‰-ÒÚ‚‡ Ò ÌÂÍÓ‰ËÛ˛˘ËÏË Û˜‡ÒÚ͇ÏË „ÂÌÓ‚ ËÏÏÛÌÌÓÈÒËÒÚÂÏ˚ (TCR, MHC, IgA) Ë ÁÓ̇‰„ÂÁËÌÔÓ‰Ó·ÌÓ„Ó „Â-̇ (zlg). îÛÌ͈Ëfl ÔÓÒΉÌÂ„Ó ÌÂËÁ‚ÂÒÚ̇, Ӊ̇ÍÓ Ì‡ÓÒÌÓ‚‡ÌËË ÚÓ„Ó, ˜ÚÓ ÓÌ ˝ÍÒÔÂÒÒËÛÂÚÒfl ÔÂËÏÛ˘Â-ÒÚ‚ÂÌÌÓ ‚ Í˯˜ÌËÍ ˚· Ë Ó·Î‡‰‡ÂÚ Á̇˜ËÚÂθÌÓÈ„ÓÏÓÎÓ„ËÂÈ Ò „Â̇ÏË ËÏÏÛÌÌÓÈ ÒËÒÚÂÏ˚ ÒÎËÁËÒÚÓÈÍ˯˜ÌË͇ (̇ÔËÏÂ, Ò FCGBP Ë Ò „ÂÌÓÏ ÏÛˆË̇)[20], ÏÓÊÌÓ Ô‰ÔÓ·„‡Ú¸ Â„Ó Û˜‡ÒÚË ‚ ÙÓÏËÓ‚‡-ÌËË ËÏÏÛÌËÚÂÚ‡ ˚·. àÁ‚ÂÒÚÌÓ, ̃ ÚÓ „ÂÌ‡Ï ËÏÏÛÌÌÓÈÒËÒÚÂÏ˚ Ò‚ÓÈÒÚ‚ÂÌÌ˚ ˜‡ÒÚ˚ ÔÂÂÒÚÓÈÍË Ë ·Óθ-¯‡fl ‚‡Ë‡·ÂθÌÓÒÚ¸. Ç Ì‡¯ÂÏ ÒÎÛ˜‡Â ‚Ò ̇ȉÂÌÌ˚ÂèÑêî ‡ÒÔÓ·„‡˛ÚÒfl ‚ ÌÂÍÓ‰ËÛ˛˘Ëı ӷ·ÒÚflı „Â-̇. Ç 5'- Ë 3'-UTR-ӷ·ÒÚflı zlg, Á‡ÌËχ˛˘Ëı ‰Ó 90%‰ÎËÌ˚ ÎÓÍÛÒ‡, ‚ÓÁÏÓÊÌÓ, ‡ÒÔÓÎÓÊÂÌÓ ÏÌÓÊÂÒÚ‚Ó„ÛÎflÚÓÌ˚ı ˝ÎÂÏÂÌÚÓ‚, ÏÛÚ‡ˆËË ‚ ÍÓÚÓ˚ı ÒÔÓ-ÒÓ·Ì˚ ËÁÏÂÌflÚ¸ ÛÓ‚Â̸ Ú‡ÌÒÍËÔˆËË „Â̇.

àÁ‚ÂÒÚÌÓ, ˜ÚÓ Û ˚·, ‚ ˜‡ÒÚÌÓÒÚË Û S. salar, Ó‰ËÌËÁ „ÂÌÓ‚ „·‚ÌÓ„Ó ÍÓÏÔÎÂÍÒ‡ „ËÒÚÓÒÓ‚ÏÂÒÚËÏÓÒÚË(MHC) Í·ÒÒ‡ I ‰ÛÔÎˈËÓ‚‡Ì [21–23]. ç‡¯Ë Ù‡„-ÏÂÌÚ˚, ͇ÚËÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ ‚·ÎËÁË „ÂÌÓ‚ ËÏÏÛÌÌÓÈ ÒË-ÒÚÂÏ˚, ӷ·‰‡˛Ú ·ÓΠ‚˚ÒÓÍÓÈ ‚ÌÛÚË„ÂÌÓÏÌÓȉ˂„Â̈ËÂÈ ÔÓ Ò‡‚ÌÂÌ˲ ÒÓ Ò‰ÌËÏË ÔÓ͇Á‡ÚÂ-ÎflÏË ‡ÎÎÂθÌÓ„Ó ÔÓÎËÏÓÙËÁχ Û ÚÂÚ‡ÔÎÓˉÌÓ„Ó„ÂÌÓχ [22], ËÁ ˜Â„Ó ÏÓÊÌÓ Ô‰ÔÓÎÓÊËÚ¸, ˜ÚÓ Û Ó‰-ÌÓ„Ó ËÁ ËÒÒΉÛÂÏ˚ı Ó„‡ÌËÁÏÓ‚ ˝ÚË ÎÓÍÛÒ˚ Ú‡ÍʉÛÔÎˈËÓ‚‡Ì˚. é‰Ì‡ÍÓ Ôӂ‰ÂÌÌ˚ ̇ÏË Ò‡‚ÌË-ÚÂθÌ˚ ËÒÒΉӂ‡ÌËfl ÍÓÔËÈÌÓÒÚË ÎÓÍÛÒÓ‚ ‚ „ÂÌÓ-χı ÒË„‡ Ë ÓÏÛÎfl ÔÓ͇Á‡ÎË, ˜ÚÓ ‚ Ò‡‚ÌË‚‡ÂÏ˚ı „Â-ÌÓχı ÓÌË Ì‡ıÓ‰flÚÒfl ‚ ‡‚Ì˚ı ÍÓ΢ÂÒÚ‚‡ı. ÇÓÁ-ÏÓÊÌÓ, ‰ÛÔÎË͇ˆËfl ˝ÚËı ÎÓÍÛÒÓ‚ ÔÓËÁӯ· ‰Ó‡ÒıÓʉÂÌËfl ÒË„‡ Ë ÓÏÛÎfl ÓÚ Ó·˘Â„Ó Ô‰͇, ‡ ̇È-‰ÂÌÌ˚Â Ò ÔÓÏÓ˘¸˛ ÇÉ Ù‡„ÏÂÌÚ˚ ÎÓ͇ÎËÁÓ‚‡Ì˚ ‚‡ÁÌ˚ı ‰ÛÔÎˈËÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ı Û˜‡ÒÚ͇ı, ˜ÚÓ ÏÓÊÂÚ ÒÎÛ-ÊËÚ¸ Ó·˙flÒÌÂÌËÂÏ Ëı ‡ÌÓχθÌÓ ‚˚ÒÓÍÓÈ ÒÚÂÔÂÌË‚ÌÛÚË„ÂÌÓÏÌÓÈ ‰Ë‚„Â̈ËË.

ëΉÛÂÚ ÓÚÏÂÚËÚ¸ Ó‰ÌÛ ÓÚ΢ËÚÂθÌÛ˛ ÓÒÓ·ÂÌ-ÌÓÒÚ¸ ̇ȉÂÌÌ˚ı ̇ÏË ÒË„Ó‚˚ı „ÂÌÓÏÌ˚ı Ù‡„ÏÂÌ-ÚÓ‚, ͇ÚËÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ı ‚·ÎËÁË „ÂÌÓ‚ ËÏÏÛÌÌÓÈ ÒËÒÚÂ-

Ï˚. èÓ˜ÚË ‚Ò ÓÌË ËÏÂ˛Ú Û˜‡ÒÚÍË (9–37% ‰ÎËÌ˚Ù‡„ÏÂÌÚ‡), ÍÓÚÓ˚ ̇ 65–85% ÒıÓ‰Ì˚ Ò ¯ËÓÍÓ‡ÒÔÓÒÚ‡ÌÂÌÌ˚ÏË ÒÂ‰Ë ˚· íÒ1-ÔÓ‰Ó·Ì˚ÏËÚ‡ÌÒÔÓÁÓ̇ÏË (Û ÎÓÒÓÒ‚˚ı – ˝ÚÓ 5% „ÂÌÓχ) [24].ë Ó‰ÌÓÈ ÒÚÓÓÌ˚, ËÁ‚ÂÒÚÌÓ, ˜ÚÓ Û ˚· ˝ÚË ÏÓ·Ëθ-Ì˚ ˝ÎÂÏÂÌÚ˚ ̉ÍÓ ˝ÍÒÔÂÒÒËÛ˛ÚÒfl, ‡ ÔÓÒ΂Òڇ˂‡ÌËfl Ëı ‚ „ÂÌÓÏ ÔÓËÒıÓ‰ËÚ ·˚ÒÚÓ ̇ÍÓÔ-ÎÂÌË ÏÛÚ‡ˆËÈ [24]. ë ‰Û„ÓÈ ÒÚÓÓÌ˚, ÒÛ˘ÂÒÚ‚ÛÂÚÌÂχÎÓ ‰Ó͇Á‡ÚÂθÒÚ‚ Û˜‡ÒÚËfl ÌÂÍÓ‰ËÛ˛˘Ëıêçä-ÏÓ·ËθÌ˚ı ˝ÎÂÏÂÌÚÓ‚ ‚ „ÛÎflˆËË ˝ÍÒÔÂÒ-ÒËË „ÂÌÓ‚ ̇ ‡ÁÌ˚ı ÛÓ‚Ìflı [25–28]. àÁ‚ÂÒÚÌÓ, ˜ÚÓ˝ÍÒÔÂÒÒËfl íÒ1-ÔÓ‰Ó·Ì˚ı ÏÓ·ËθÌ˚ı ˝ÎÂÏÂÌÚÓ‚ÓÒÓ·ÂÌÌÓ ‡ÍÚË‚ËÛÂÚÒfl ÔË ‚̯ÌËı ÒÚÂÒÒÓ‚˚ıÒÚËÏÛ·ı. í‡Í, ‰Îfl ‡‰ÛÊÌÓÈ ÙÓÂÎË ·˚· ÔÓ͇Á‡-̇ ˜ÂÚ͇fl ÍÓÂÎflˆËfl ÏÂÊ‰Û ÔÓÙËÎÂÏ ˝ÍÒÔÂÒÒËËíÒ1-ÔÓ‰Ó·Ì˚ı Ú‡ÌÒÔÓÁÓÌÓ‚ Ë „ÂÌÓ‚, Á‡‰ÂÈÒÚ‚Ó‚‡Ì-Ì˚ı ‚ Á‡˘ËÚÌÓÏ ÓÚ‚ÂÚ ӄ‡ÌËÁχ, Ò˄̇θÌÓÈÚ‡ÌÒ‰Û͈ËË Ë Â„ÛÎflˆËË Ú‡ÌÒÍËÔˆËË [24]. ÇÓÁ-ÏÓÊÌÓ, ˜ÚÓ Ë ‚ ÒÎÛ˜‡Â ·‡È͇θÒÍËı ÒË„‡ Ë ÓÏÛÎflÚ‡ÌÒÔÓÁÓÌÌ˚ ÔÓÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚË Ë„‡˛Ú ÓÔÂ-‰ÂÎÂÌÌÛ˛ Óθ ‚ ‡ÍÚË‚ÌÓÒÚË Ì‡È‰ÂÌÌ˚ı „ÂÌÓ‚ ËÏ-ÏÛÌÌÓÈ ÒËÒÚÂÏ˚. ç ËÒÍβ˜ÂÌÓ, ̃ ÚÓ ‚˚ÒÓ͇fl ÙÂÌÓ-ÚËÔ˘ÂÒ͇fl Ô·ÒÚ˘ÌÓÒÚ¸ ÒË„Ó‚˚ı (Ë ‚ÓÓ·˘Â ˚·)ÓÚ˜‡ÒÚË Ó·ÂÒÔ˜˂‡ÂÚÒfl ‡ÍÚË‚ÌÓÒÚ¸˛ ÏÌÓ„Ó˜ËÒÎÂÌ-Ì˚ı Ú‡ÌÒÔÓÁÓÌÌ˚ı ÍÓÔËÈ ‚ Ëı „ÂÌÓÏÂ, ÓÒÓ·ÂÌÌÓÔË ‡ÍÚË‚‡ˆËË Ëı ‚ ÒÚÂÒÒÓ‚˚ı ÛÒÎÓ‚Ëflı ÓÍÛʇ˛-˘ÂÈ Ò‰˚, ̇ÔËÏÂ, ÔË ÂÁÍÓÏ ÔÓıÓÎÓ‰‡ÌËË.

Ç ˆÂÎÓÏ, ÔÓÎÛ˜ÂÌÌ˚ ̇ÏË ‰‡ÌÌ˚ ҂ˉÂÚÂθ-ÒÚ‚Û˛Ú Ó Ï‡Î˚ı ‡Á΢Ëflı ‚ „ÂÌÓχı ÒË„‡ Ë ÓÏÛÎfl.ùÚÓ ÏÓÊÂÚ Ò‚Ë‰ÂÚÂθÒÚ‚Ó‚‡Ú¸ Ó ÚÓÏ, ˜ÚÓ, Í‡Í Ô‰-ÔÓ·„‡ÂÚÒfl ‚ ̇ÒÚÓfl˘Â ‚ÂÏfl, ÓÏÛθ Ë ÒË„ Ó·‡ÁÛ˛Ú‰‚ ÒÛ·ÔÓÔÛÎflˆËË Ó‰ÌÓ„Ó ‚ˉ‡. é‰Ì‡ÍÓ, ÌÂflÒÌÓ, ̇-ÒÍÓθÍÓ ‰‡ÎÂÍÓ Á‡¯Î‡ ‰Ë‚„Â̈Ëfl ˝ÚËı ÔÓÔÛÎflˆËÈ,ÍÓÚÓ‡fl ÏÓÊÂÚ Ë‰ÚË ÔÓ ÔÛÚË Â„ÛÎflÚÓÌÓÈ ˝‚Óβ-ˆËË, ÚÓ ÂÒÚ¸ Ò‡‚ÌËÚÂθÌÓ Ï‡Î˚ı ËÁÏÂÌÂÌËÈ ‚ „Û-ÎflÚÓÌ˚ı ÒËÒÚÂχı Ó„‡ÌËÁχ, ÍÓÚÓ˚Â, ÚÂÏ Ì ÏÂ-ÌÂÂ, Ó·ÛÒÎÓ‚ÎË‚‡˛Ú Á̇˜ËÚÂθÌ˚ ‡Á΢Ëfl ‚ ÛÓ‚-Ìflı ˝ÍÒÔÂÒÒËË „ÂÌÓ‚ Ë ‚ Ú͇ÌÂÒÔˆËÙ˘ÌÓÒÚË Ëı

0

0.4

0.8

1.2

1.6

31 20 31_20 γ-IFN

êËÒ. 2. éÚÌÓÒËÚÂθÌÓ ÍÓ΢ÂÒÚ‚Ó ÍÓÔËÈ „ÂÌÓÏÌ˚ıÙ‡„ÏÂÌÚÓ‚ 31, 20, 31_20 ‚ „ÂÌÓÏ ÒË„‡ ÔÓ Ò‡‚ÌÂÌË˛Ò „ÂÌÓÏÓÏ ÓÏÛÎfl, ÌÓχÎËÁÓ‚‡ÌÌÓ ÔÓ IFN. ç‡Á‚‡ÌËflÙ‡„ÏÂÌÚÓ‚ Ô˂‰ÂÌ˚ ÔÓ ÓÒË ‡·ÒˆËÒÒ, ÓÚÌÓÒËÚÂθ-ÌÓ ÍÓ΢ÂÒÚ‚Ó ÍÓÔËÈ, ÓÔ‰ÂÎÂÌÌÓ ÔÓ ÂÁÛθڇڇÏ12 ÌÂÁ‡‚ËÒËÏ˚ı ˝ÍÒÔÂËÏÂÌÚÓ‚, – ÔÓ ÓÒË Ó‰Ë̇Ú.

7*

100

ÅàééêÉÄçàóÖëäÄü ïàåàü      ÚÓÏ 35      ‹ 1      2009

Å˚˜ÂÌÍÓ Ë ‰.

˝ÍÒÔÂÒÒËË. 片‚ÌË ËÒÒΉӂ‡ÌËfl Ú‡ÌÒÍËÔˆËË„ÂÌÓ‚, Ôӂ‰ÂÌÌ˚ı ̇ ·ÎËÁÍÓÓ‰ÒÚ‚ÂÌÌ˚ı Ó„‡ÌËÁ-χı c ÔÓÏÓ˘¸˛ ÚÂıÌËÍË ‡ÌÊËÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ı ÏËÍÓfl˜Â-ÂÍ (ÏËÍÓ˝Âfl), ÔÓ͇Á‡ÎË, ˜ÚÓ ËÁÏÂÌÂÌËfl ÛÓ‚ÌflÚ‡ÌÒÍËÔˆËË Íβ˜Â‚˚ı „ÛÎflÚÓÌ˚ı „ÂÌÓ‚ ÏÓ„ÛÚÓ͇Á˚‚‡Ú¸ ̇ÏÌÓ„Ó ·Óθ¯Â ‚ÎËflÌË ̇ ÏÓÙÓÎÓ-„˘ÂÒÍË ÔËÁ̇ÍË, ˜ÂÏ ËÁÏÂÌÂÌËfl ‚ Ú‡ÌÒÍËÔˆËËÒÚÛÍÚÛÌ˚ı „ÂÌÓ‚ [29–31]. Å˚ÎÓ ‚˚Ò͇Á‡ÌÓ Ô‰-ÔÓÎÓÊÂÌËÂ, ˜ÚÓ ‚‡Ë‡ˆËË ‚ „ÂÌÌÓÈ ˝ÍÒÔÂÒÒËË ÏÂÊ-‰Û ÂÒÚÂÒÚ‚ÂÌÌ˚ÏË ÔÓÔÛÎflˆËflÏË ÏÓ„ÛÚ ÎÂʇڸ ‚ ÓÒ-ÌÓ‚Â ‡‰‡ÔÚ‡ˆËË [32–34]. ÇÂÓflÚÌÓ, ˜ÚÓ Ë ‚ ‡ÒÒχÚ-Ë‚‡ÂÏÓÏ Ì‡ÏË ÒÎÛ˜‡Â Ô‡˚ ·ÎËÁÍÓÓ‰ÒÚ‚ÂÌÌ˚ıÒË„Ó‚˚ı Ú‡ÌÒÍËÔˆËÓÌ̇fl ‰Ë‚„Â̈Ëfl, Ó·ÛÒÎÓ‚-ÎÂÌ̇fl Ó‰ÌÓÌÛÍÎÂÓÚˉÌ˚ÏË Á‡ÏÂ̇ÏË Ë ÍÓÓÚÍËÏˉÂΈËflÏË/ËÌÒˆËflÏË ‚ „ÂÌÓÏÌÓÈ Ñçä, ÏÂÊ‰Û ËÁÓ-ÎËÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ÏË ÔÓÔÛÎflˆËflÏË ‚ÓÁÌË͇ÂÚ ·˚ÒÚÂÂ, ˜ÂÏχүڇ·Ì‡fl ‰Ë‚„Â̈Ëfl ̇ „ÂÌÓÏÌÓÏ ÛÓ‚ÌÂ.

ùäëèÖêàåÖçíÄãúçÄü óÄëíú

Ç˚‡˘Ë‚‡ÌËÂ Ë Ú‡ÌÒÙÓχˆË˛ ÍÎÂÚÓÍ E. coli,˝ÎÂÍÚÓÙÓÂÁ ‚ ‡„‡ÓÁÌÓÏ „ÂÎÂ Ë ‰Û„Ë χÌËÔÛÎfl-ˆËË Ò ÌÛÍÎÂËÌÓ‚˚ÏË ÍËÒÎÓÚ‡ÏË ÔÓ‚Ó‰ËÎË ÔÓ ÒÚ‡Ì-‰‡ÚÌ˚Ï ÏÓÎÂÍÛÎflÌÓ-·ËÓÎӄ˘ÂÒÍËÏ ÏÂÚÓ‰Ë͇ÏËÎË Òӄ·ÒÌÓ ÔÓÚÓÍÓÎ‡Ï ÙËÏ-ÔÓËÁ‚Ó‰ËÚÂÎÂÈ.Ç˚‰ÂÎÂÌË Ô·ÁÏˉÌÓÈ Ñçä ÔÓ‚Ó‰ËÎË Ò ËÒÔÓθ-ÁÓ‚‡ÌËÂÏ Òڇ̉‡ÚÌÓ„Ó Ì‡·Ó‡ ‡ÍÚË‚Ó‚ WizardPlus Minipreps DNA Purification System (Promega,ëòÄ) Òӄ·ÒÌÓ ÔË·„‡ÂÏÓÏÛ ÔÓÚÓÍÓÎÛ. ëËÌÚÂÁÓÎË„ÓÌÛÍÎÂÓÚˉӂ ÓÒÛ˘ÂÒÚ‚ÎflÎË Ì‡ ‡‚ÚÓχÚ˘Â-ÒÍÓÏ ÒËÌÚÂÁ‡ÚÓ ASM-102U DNA synthesizer (Bios-set Ltd.). ëÂÍ‚ÂÌËÓ‚‡ÌË Ñçä ÔÓ‚Ó‰ËÎË Ò ÔÓÏÓ-˘¸˛ ̇·Ó‡ ‡ÍÚË‚Ó‚ ABI PRISM® BigDyeTM Ter-minator v. 3.1 Ò ÔÓÒÎÂ‰Û˛˘ËÏ ‡Ì‡ÎËÁÓÏ ÔÓ‰ÛÍÚӂ‡͈ËË Ì‡ ‡‚ÚÓχÚ˘ÂÒÍÓÏ ÒÂÍ‚Â̇ÚÓ Ñçä ABIPRISM 3100-Avant.

Ç˚‰ÂÎÂÌË „ÂÌÓÏÌÓÈ Ñçä ÒË„‡ Ë ÓÏÛÎfl. å‡ÚÂ-ˇΠÒÓ·‡Ì ‚ ‡‚„ÛÒÚ 2005 „. ‚ ‡ÈÓÌ å‡ÎÓ„Ó ÏÓfl,Ó. ŇÈ͇Î. èÓ Ì‡Ë·ÓΠı‡‡ÍÚÂÌ˚Ï ÏÓÙÓÏÂÚË-˜ÂÒÍËÏ ÔËÁÌ‡Í‡Ï ÓÚÓ·‡ÌÓ ÔÓ 1 ÓÒÓ·Ë ÒË„‡ (C. lav-aretus baicalensis Dybovsky) Ë ÓÏÛÎfl (C. autumnalismigratorius Georgi). ÉÂÌÓÏÌÛ˛ Ñçä ‚˚‰ÂÎflÎË ËÁ ·Â-Î˚ı Ï˚¯ˆ ˚· ÏÂÚÓ‰ÓÏ ÙÂÌÓÎ-ıÎÓÓÙÓÏÌÓÈ ̋ ÍÒ-ڇ͈ËË ÔÓ Òڇ̉‡ÚÌÓÈ ÏÂÚÓ‰ËÍ [35].

èÓÎÛ˜ÂÌË ӷ‡ÁˆÓ‚ ÚÂÈÒ‡ Ë ‰‡È‚‡. é·-‡Áˆ˚ Ñçä ÒË„‡ Ë ÓÏÛÎfl (ÔÓ 500 Ì„) „ˉÓÎËÁÓ‚‡ÎË˝Ì‰ÓÌÛÍ·ÁÓÈ ÂÒÚË͈ËË RsaI (20 ‰. ‡ÍÚ., Fermen-tas, ãËÚ‚‡) ‚ Ó·˙ÂÏ 50 ÏÍÎ ‚ Ú˜ÂÌË ÌÓ˜Ë. êÂÒÚË-ˆËÓ‚‡ÌÌÛ˛ Ñçä Ó҇ʉ‡ÎË 96% ˝Ú‡ÌÓÎÓÏ, ÓÒ‡‰ÓÍÔÓÏ˚‚‡ÎË 70% ˝Ú‡ÌÓÎÓÏ, ‡ÒÚ‚ÓflÎË ‚ 10 ÏÍÎ ‚Ó-‰˚. èÓ‚Ó‰ËÎË ‡Á‰ÂÎÂÌË ÂÒÚË͈ËÓÌÌ˚ı Ù‡„-ÏÂÌÚÓ‚ ÔÓ ‰ÎËÌ ‚ 1% ‡„‡ÓÁÌÓÏ „ÂΠ(APB, ÇÂÎËÍÓ-·ËÚ‡ÌËfl), ‚˚ÂÁ‡ÎË ÁÓÌÛ, ÒÓÓÚ‚ÂÚÒÚ‚Û˛˘Û˛ Ù‡„-ÏÂÌÚ‡Ï ‰ÎËÌÓÈ 200–800 Ô.Ó. Ç˚‰ÂÎÂÌË Ñçä ËÁ‡„‡ÓÁÌÓ„Ó „ÂÎfl ÔÓ‚Ó‰ËÎË Ò ËÒÔÓθÁÓ‚‡ÌËÂÏQIAquick PCR Purification Kit (Qiagen, ëòÄ). èÓÎÛ-˜ÂÌÌÛ˛ Ù‡ÍˆË˛ Ù‡„ÏÂÌÚËÓ‚‡ÌÌÓÈ „ÂÌÓÏÌÓÈÑçä ÒË„‡ ‡Á‰ÂÎflÎË Ì‡ ‰‚ ˜‡ÒÚË, Í Í‡Ê‰ÓÈ ËÁ ÍÓÚÓ-˚ı ÎË„ËÓ‚‡ÎË ÓÎË„ÓÌÛÍÎÂÓÚˉÌ˚ ‡‰‡ÔÚÂ˚ I Ë II(Ú‡·Î. 3). ä‡Ê‰˚È ‡‰‡ÔÚ ·˚Î ÔÓÎÛ˜ÂÌ ÓÚÊË„ÓÏ ÒÓ-ÓÚ‚ÂÚÒÚ‚Û˛˘Â„Ó ÓÎË„ÓÌÛÍÎÂÓÚˉ‡ Ë ÍÓÓÚÍÓÈ ÔÓ‰-ÎÓÊÍË (ÔÓ 200 ÔÏÓθ ͇ʉӄÓ) ‚ íå-·ÛÙ (10 ÏMTËÒ-HCl, pH 7.8, 10 ÏM MgCl2). ãË„ËÓ‚‡ÌË ÔÓ‚Ó-‰ËÎÓÒ¸ ‚ Ú˜ÂÌË ÌÓ˜Ë ÔË 16°ë c ËÒÔÓθÁÓ‚‡ÌËÂÏÑçä-ÎË„‡Á˚ Ù‡„‡ í4 (Promega, ëòÄ), ÔÓÒΠ˜Â„ÓÎË„‡ÁÌÛ˛ ÒÏÂÒ¸ Ó˜Ë˘‡ÎË Ò ÔÓÏÓ˘¸˛ ̇·Ó‡QIAquick PCR Purification Kit (Qiagen, ëòÄ).

Ç˚˜ËÚ‡˛˘‡fl „˷ˉËÁ‡ˆËfl. êÂÒÚË͈ËÓÌÌ˚ÂÙ‡„ÏÂÌÚ˚ ÒË„‡ Ò ‡Á΢Ì˚ÏË ÎË„ËÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚Ïˇ‰‡ÔÚ‡ÏË (Ú‡·Î. 3) (ÚÂÈÒÂ) Òϯ˂‡ÎË ÔÓ ÓÚ-‰ÂθÌÓÒÚË Ò 700 Ì„ ÂÒÚË͈ËÓÌÌ˚ı Ù‡„ÏÂÌÚÓ‚ÓÏÛÎfl (‰‡È‚‡) ‚ 2 ÏÍÎ 1x „˷ˉËÁ‡ˆËÓÌÌÓ„Ó ·Û-Ù‡ (ÉÅ, 0.5 M NaCl, 50 ÏM HEPES, pH 8.3, 0.2 ÏMEDTA) (ÔÓÎÛ˜ËÎË ÒÏÂÒË I Ë II), ÔÓÍ˚‚‡ÎË 20 ÏÍÎÏË̇θÌÓ„Ó Ï‡Ò·, ‰Â̇ÚÛËÓ‚‡ÎË 10 ÏËÌ ÔË95°ë Ë „˷ˉËÁÓ‚‡ÎË 4 ˜ ÔË 68°ë. чÎÂÂ Í ÒÏÂÒË I‰Ó·‡‚ÎflÎË Ò̇˜‡Î‡ 2 ÏÍÎ (700 Ì„) ‰Â̇ÚÛËÓ‚‡ÌÌÓ-„Ó ‰‡È‚‡ (‚ 1x ÉÅ), ‡ Á‡ÚÂÏ „˷ˉËÁ‡ˆËÓÌÌÛ˛ÒÏÂÒ¸ II. èÓÎÛ˜ÂÌÌÛ˛ ÒÏÂÒ¸ „˷ˉËÁÓ‚‡ÎË Â˘Â ‚ ÚÂ-˜ÂÌË ÌÓ˜Ë ÔË 68°ë, Á‡ÚÂÏ ‰Ó·‡‚ÎflÎË 100 ÏÍÎ 1x ÉÅË ı‡ÌËÎË ÔË –20°ë. ÄÎËÍ‚ÓÚÛ (20 ÏÍÎ) ÔÓÎÛ˜ÂÌÌÓȄ˷ˉËÁ‡ˆËÓÌÌÓÈ ÒÏÂÒË ËÌÍÛ·ËÓ‚‡ÎË 5 ÏËÌ ÔË72°ë Ò Taq-ÔÓÎËχÁÓÈ ‚ ÔËÒÛÚÒÚ‚ËË 0.2 Ïå ͇Ê-‰Ó„Ó ËÁ ‰ÂÁÓÍÒËË·ÓÌÛÍÎÂÓÁˉÚËÙÓÒÙ‡ÚÓ‚ ‰Îfl ‰Ó-ÒÚÓÈÍË ‚˚ÒÚÛÔ‡˛˘Ëı Ó‰ÌÓˆÂÔӘ˜Ì˚ı ÍÓ̈ӂ,Ó˜Ë˘‡ÎË Ì‡ ÍÓÎÓÌ͇ı QIAquick PCR Purification Kit(Qiagen, ëòÄ) Ë Ó·‡·‡Ú˚‚‡ÎË 5 ‰. ‡ÍÚ. ÌÛÍ·Á˚ÁÓÎÓÚËÒÚÓÈ Ù‡ÒÓÎË (Promega, ëòÄ) 15 ÏËÌ ÔË 37°ë

퇷Îˈ‡ 3. éÎË„ÓÌÛÍÎÂÓÚˉ˚, ËÒÔÓθÁÓ‚‡ÌÌ˚ ‚ ‚˚˜ËÚ‡˛˘ÂÈ „˷ˉËÁ‡ˆËË

éÎË„ÓÌÛÍÎÂÓÚˉ˚ çÛÍÎÂÓÚˉ̇fl ÔÓÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚ¸ (5'–3')

ëÛÔÂÒÒËÓÌÌ˚È ‡‰‡ÔÚ I (ÔÓÎÛ˜ÂÌ ÓÚÊË„ÓÏ ˝Í‚Ë-ÏÓθÌ˚ı ÍÓ΢ÂÒÚ‚ ÓÎË„ÓÌÛÍÎÂÓÚˉӂ T7NotSrf Ë Srf_10)

T7 NotSrf (44 ÌÚ) CTAATACGACTCACTATAGGGCTCGAGCGGCCGCCCGGGCAGGT

Srf_10 (10 ÌÚ) ACCTGCCCGG

ëÛÔÂÒÒËÓÌÌ˚È ‡‰‡ÔÚ II (ÔÓÎÛ˜ÂÌ ÓÚÊË„ÓÏ ˝Í‚Ë-ÏÓθÌ˚ı ÍÓ΢ÂÒÚ‚ ÓÎË„ÓÌÛÍÎÂÓÚˉӂ T7NotRsa Ë Rsa_10)

T7 NotRsa (42 ÌÚ) CTAATACGACTCACTATAGGGCAGCGTGGTCGCGGCCGAGGT

Rsa_10 (10 ÌÚ) ACCTCGGCCG

ÇÌÛÚÂÌÌËÈ Ô‡ÈÏ Not1Srf (22 ÌÚ) TCGAGCGGCCGCCCGGGCAGGT

Not1Rsa (22 ÌÚ) AGCGTGGTCGCGGCCGAGGT

Ç̯ÌËÈ Ô‡ÈÏ T7 (22 ÌÚ) CTAATACGACTCACTATAGGGC

ÅàééêÉÄçàóÖëäÄü ïàåàü      ÚÓÏ 35      ‹ 1      2009

ÉÖçéåçÄü Åãàáéëíú ÅÄâäÄãúëäéÉé éåìãü à ëàÉÄ 101

‚ 10 ÏÍÎ 1x ÒÓÓÚ‚ÂÚÒÚ‚Û˛˘Â„Ó Â‡ÍˆËÓÌÌÓ„Ó ·ÛÙÂ-‡. êÂ‡ÍˆË˛ ÓÒڇ̇‚ÎË‚‡ÎË ‰Ó·‡‚ÎÂÌËÂÏ 10 ÏÍÎ 1 åTËÒ-HCl (pH 8). 2 ÏÍÎ ÔÓÎÛ˜ÂÌÌÓÈ ÒÏÂÒË ‡ÏÔÎËÙË-ˆËÓ‚‡ÎË Ò ÔÓÏÓ˘¸˛ Advantage2 Polymerase Mix(Clontech, ëòÄ) Ò ËÒÔÓθÁÓ‚‡ÌËÂÏ ‚̯ÌÂ„Ó ‡‰‡Ô-ÚÂÌÓ„Ó Ô‡Èχ í7 (ÍÓ̈ÂÌÚ‡ˆËfl – 0.4 ÏÍM) ÔËÒÎÂ‰Û˛˘Ëı ÛÒÎÓ‚Ëflı: 95°ë – 30 Ò, 66°ë – 30 Ò, 72°ë –90 Ò, 18 ˆËÍÎÓ‚. ê‡Á·‡‚ÎÂÌÌ˚È ‚ 250 ‡Á èñê-ÔÓ-‰ÛÍÚ Â‡ÏÔÎËÙˈËÓ‚‡ÎË Ò ‚ÌÛÚÂÌÌËÏË ‡‰‡ÔÚÂ-Ì˚ÏË Ô‡ÈχÏË NotRsa Ë NotSrf (ÍÓ̈ÂÌÚ‡ˆËfl –ÔÓ 0.4 ÏÍM) ÔË ÛÒÎÓ‚Ëflı: 95°ë – 30 Ò, 68°ë – 30 Ò,72°ë – 90 Ò, 15 ˆËÍÎÓ‚.

èÓÎÛ˜ÂÌË ‡ÌÊËÓ‚‡ÌÌÓÈ ·Ë·ÎËÓÚÂÍË ‰ËÙÙÂ-Â̈ˇθÌ˚ı Ù‡„ÏÂÌÚÓ‚ Ë Ëı ‡Ì‡ÎËÁ. èÓÎÛ˜ÂÌÌ˚Èèñê-ÔÓ‰ÛÍÚ ÎË„ËÓ‚‡ÎË Ò ‚ÂÍÚÓÓÏ pGEM-T ‚ ÒÓ-ÓÚ‚ÂÚÒÚ‚ËË Ò ÂÍÓÏẨ‡ˆËflÏË ÔÓËÁ‚Ó‰ËÚÂÎfl(Promega, ëòÄ) Ë ÍÎÓÌËÓ‚‡ÎË ‚ E. coli (¯Ú‡ÏÏ DH-5α). äÎÓÌ˚ ·˚ÎË ‡ÒÒÂflÌ˚ ‚ 96-ÎÛÌÓ˜Ì˚ı ÏËÍÓ-·ËÓÎӄ˘ÂÒÍËı Ô·̯ÂÚ‡ı. à̉˂ˉۇθÌ˚ ÍÎÓÌ˚·˚ÎË èñê-‡ÏÔÎËÙˈËÓ‚‡Ì˚ Ò ÛÌË‚Â҇θÌ˚ÏËÔ‡ÈχÏË (5'–3'): å13for GTAAAACGACGGC-CAGTG Ë M13rev AACAGCTATGACCATG (95°C,30 Ò; 68°C, 30 Ò; 72°C, 1 ÏËÌ; 25 ˆËÍÎÓ‚). èÓ‰ÛÍÚ˚‡ÏÔÎËÙË͇ˆËË ·˚ÎË ÔÂÂÌÂÒÂÌ˚ ̇ ÌËÚÓˆÂÎβ-ÎÓÁÌ˚ ÏÂÏ·‡Ì˚ (APB, ÇÂÎËÍÓ·ËÚ‡ÌËfl) ‚ ‰‚ÛıÔÓ‚ÚÓ‡ı, Òӄ·ÒÌÓ ÂÍÓÏẨ‡ˆËflÏ ÔÓËÁ‚Ó‰ËÚÂÎfl.èË„ÓÚÓ‚ÎÂÌÌ˚ ÏÂÏ·‡Ì˚ ËÒÔÓθÁÓ‚‡ÎËÒ¸ ‰Îfl „Ë-·Ë‰ËÁ‡ˆËË Ô‡‡ÎÎÂθÌÓ Ò ÔÓ‰ÛÍÚ‡ÏË ‚˚˜ËÚ‡ÌËfl“ÒË„–ÓÏÛθ” Ë “ÓÏÛθ–ÒË„”, ϘÂÌÌ˚ÏË ‡‰ËÓ‡ÍÚË‚-ÌÓ Prime-a-Gene Labeling System (Promega, ëòÄ)(ËÒ. 3). çÛÍÎÂÓÚˉÌÛ˛ ÔÓÒΉӂ‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚ¸ ‰ËÙÙÂ-Â̈ˇθÌÓ „˷ˉËÁÛ˛˘ËıÒfl ÍÎÓÌÓ‚ ÓÔ‰ÂÎflÎËÔÓ ÏÂÚÓ‰Û ëÂ̄‡. èÓËÒÍ „ÓÏÓÎӄ˘Ì˚ı ÔÓÒΉÓ-‚‡ÚÂθÌÓÒÚÂÈ ÔÓ‚Ó‰ËÎË ‚ ·‡Á ‰‡ÌÌ˚ı GenBankNCBI ÔË ÔÓÏÓ˘Ë ÍÓÏÔ¸˛ÚÂÌÓÈ ÔÓ„‡ÏÏ˚BLAST (http://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/BLAST).

èñê. è‡ÈÏÂ˚ ÍÓÌÒÚÛËÓ‚‡ÎË Ò ËÒÔÓθÁÓ-‚‡ÌËÂÏ ÔÓ„‡ÏÏ˚ Primer3 (www.genome.wi.mit.edu/cgi_bin/primer/primer3) (Ú‡·Î. 2). àı ÛÌË-͇θÌÓÒÚ¸ ÔÓ‚ÂflÎË Ò ÔÓÏÓ˘¸˛ ÔÓ„‡ÏÏ˚BLAST (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/BLAST). èñê ÔÓ‚Ó-‰ËÎË ‚ 25 ÏÍÎ ÒÎÂ‰Û˛˘ÂÈ ÒÏÂÒË: 20 Ì„ χÚˈ˚ „Â-ÌÓÏÌÓÈ Ñçä, ÔÓ 10 ÔÏÓθ Í‡Ê‰Ó„Ó Ô‡Èχ,

0.2 Ïå Í‡Ê‰Ó„Ó ËÁ ‰ÂÁÓÍÒËË·ÓÌÛÍÎÂÓÁˉÚËÙÓÒ-Ù‡ÚÓ‚, 1.5–2 Ïå MgCl2, 1–2.5 ‰. Taq-ÔÓÎËχÁ˚(BIOTAQ, êÓÒÒËfl) ‚ Ó‰ÌÓ͇ÚÌÓÏ ·ÛÙ ‰Îfl Taq-ÔÓÎËχÁ˚ (16.6 Ïå (NH4)2SO4, 67 Ïå ÚˈËÌ,pH 9.1, 0.01%-Ì˚È T‚ËÌ-20). àÒÔÓθÁÓ‚‡ÎË ÒÎÂ‰Û˛-˘ËÈ ÚÂÏÔ‡ÚÛÌ˚È ÂÊËÏ: ‰Â̇ÚÛ‡ˆËfl 95°ë –2 ÏËÌ, Ó‰ËÌ ˆËÍÎ; ‰‡Î ‰Â̇ÚÛ‡ˆËfl 95°ë – 45 Ò, ÓÚ-ÊË„ (‚ Á‡‚ËÒËÏÓÒÚË ÓÚ Ô‡ÈÏÂÓ‚) – 40 Ò, ˝ÎÓÌ„‡ˆËfl72°ë – 50 Ò ‚ Ú˜ÂÌË 23–36 ˆËÍÎÓ‚.

èñê ‚ ÂÊËÏ ‡θÌÓ„Ó ‚ÂÏÂÌË ÔÓ‚Ó‰ËÎË ÒËÒÔÓθÁÓ‚‡ÌËÂÏ Ì‡·Ó‡ ‡ÍÚË‚Ó‚ EVA green RT-PCR kit (Sintol, êÓÒÒËfl). êÂ‡ÍˆË˛ ÔÓ‚Ó‰ËÎË ‚ Ó·˙Â-Ï 25 ÏÍΠ̇ 10 Ì„ χÚˈ˚ „ÂÌÓÏÌÓÈ Ñçä, Ô‡ÈÏÂ-˚ ‚ ÍÓ̈ÂÌÚ‡ˆËË 0.2 ÏÍM ͇ʉӄÓ; ËÒÔÓθÁÓ‚‡ÎËÒÎÂ‰Û˛˘ËÈ ÚÂÏÔ‡ÚÛÌ˚È ÂÊËÏ: 95°C – 10 ÏËÌ,Á‡ÚÂÏ 95°C – 30 Ò, ÚÂÏÔ‡ÚÛ‡ ÓÚÊË„‡ ÒÓÓÚ‚ÂÚÒÚ‚Û-˛˘ÂÈ Ô‡˚ Ô‡ÈÏÂÓ‚ (Ú‡·Î. 2) – 30 Ò, 72°C – 1 ÏËÌ‚ Ú˜ÂÌË 40 ˆËÍÎÓ‚.

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ꇷÓÚ‡ ‚˚ÔÓÎÌÂ̇ ÔË ÙË̇ÌÒÓ‚ÓÈ ÔÓ‰‰ÂÊÍ„‡ÌÚ‡ êîîà ‹ 05-04-486880, ÔÓ„‡ÏÏ˚ ÔÓ‰-‰ÂÊÍË ‚Â‰Û˘Ëı ̇ۘÌ˚ı ¯ÍÓÎ êÓÒÒËË (ÔÓÂÍÚçò 2006.2003.4) Ë ÔÓ„‡ÏÏ˚ ÔÓ ÏÓÎÂÍÛÎflÌÓÈ ËÍÎÂÚÓ˜ÌÓÈ ·ËÓÎÓ„ËË èÂÁˉËÛχ êÄç. ëÂÍ‚ÂÌË-Ó‚‡ÌË Ñçä ÔÓ‚Ó‰ËÎË ‚ åÂÊËÌÒÚËÚÛÚÒÍÓψÂÌÚ ÍÓÎÎÂÍÚË‚ÌÓ„Ó ÔÓθÁÓ‚‡ÌËfl “ÉÖçéå”àåÅ êÄç (http://www.genome-centre.narod.ru/), Ó-„‡ÌËÁÓ‚‡ÌÌÓÏ ÔË ÔÓ‰‰ÂÊÍ êîîà („‡ÌÚ‹ 00-04-55000).

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Genome Similarity of Baikal Omul and Sig

O. S. Bychenkoa, L. V. Sukhanovab, S. S. Ukolovaa, T. A. Skvortsova, V. K. Potapova, T. L. Azhikinaa,#, and E. D. Sverdlova

# Phone: +7 (495) 330-6547; fax: +7 (495) 330-6538; e-mail: tanya@humgen.siobc.ras.rua Shemyakin–Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences,

ul. Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, Moscow, 117997 Russiab Institute of Limnology, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Lermontova 281, Irkutsk, 664033 Russia

Two members of the Baikal sig family, a lake sig (Coregonus lavaretus baicalensis Dybovsky) and omul(C. autumnalis migratorius Georgi), are close relatives that diverged from the same ancestor 10–20 thousandyears ago. In this work, we studied genomic polymorphism of these two fish species. The method of subtractionhybridization (SH) did not reveal the presence of extended sequences in the sig genome and their absence inthe omul genome. All the fragments found by SH corresponded to polymorphous noncoding genome regionsvarying in mononucleotide substitutions and short deletions. Many of them are mapped close to genes of theimmune system and have regions identical to the Tc-1-like transposons abundant among fish, whose transcrip-tion activity may affect the expression of adjacent genes. Thus, we showed for the first time that genetic differ-ences between Baikal sig family members are extremely small and cannot be revealed by the SH method. Thisis another endorsement of the hypothesis on the close relationship between Baikal sig and omul and their evo-lutionarily recent divergence from a common ancestor.

Key words: Coregonidae, formation of species, genomic polymorphism, subtraction hybridization