Post on 20-Apr-2023
Tujaan PebelajaranaMengetahui dan memahami:
• Defenisi dan Klasifikasi vitamin dan mineral
• Funsi dan perannya bagi ternak non ruminansia
VITAMIN• Organic nutrients needed in small quantities to perform specific functions;
• Do not provide energy but are necessary in the use of energy.
• Helping regulate body functions, keeping the body healthy, promoting resistance.
• The deficiency of a vitamin can lead to disease or death.
• Classified as fat soluble and water soluble
CLASSIFICATIONFAT
SOLUBLEWATER SOLUBLE
• Stored in the fat and released as they are needed by the body.
• Can be stored for extended periods.
• Absorbed through lymphatic tissues
• Need precursor, pro-vitamin
• C, H, O• Only for complex organism
A – D – E - K
• Dissolved by water. • As water passes through the body.
• need to be consumed every day by monogastric animals.
• Absorbed through portal vein
• Most doesn’t need precursor
• C, H, O, N some have S and Co
• For complex and simple organism
C – B (IB – IIB)
VITAMIN A• Benefit: Maintenance of normal vision and night vision, Essential for immune system, Necessary for growth; induces differentiation of cells
• Deficiency: Fairly common; results in night blindness and eye disease, dry pimply skin, increased infections, and kidney stones
VITAMIN DBenefit: • Helps to maintain constant levels of calcium in the blood
• Important in insulin and prolactin secretion, muscle function, immune and stress response, melanin synthesis, and cellular differentiation
• Vital for kidney and parathyroid gland function
• Necessary for healthy bones
Deficiency:• Disease is rickets, symptoms include soft bones and teeth
Toxicity:• Toxic in doses larger than 1,000-1,1500 I.U.s daily for a month or longer; produces nausea, weakness, and irritability
• May lead to brain or liver damage, jaundice, and the destruction of red blood cells
VITAMIN EBenefit:• Protects vitamin A from oxidation during digestion
• Enhances immune response• Inhibits carcinogens from reaching target sites • Can stop neurological problems associated with cystic fibrosis, liver disease early in disease process
• Detoxifies free radicals, prevents damage to cell membranes
• Prevents LDL cholesterol from turning into damaging oxidized LDL, which initiates buildup of arterial plaque which can lead to heart disease
VITAMIN KBenefit:• Helps blood coagulate • In conjunction with vitamins A and D helps body build bone protein
• Given as injection to newborns to help blood clot, sometimes to women before labor or to patients before and after surgery
VITAMIN C (ascorbic acid)Benefit:• Activates liver-detoxifying systems • Antioxidant to inactivate highly reactive oxygen species; protects against damage to lipids and other molecules
• Inhibits formation of carcinogenic compounds• Protects cellular functions• Enhances function of key white blood cells involved in the destruction of bacteria
• Protects vitamin E• Integral to maintenance and building of collagen• Vital to bones and teeth, blood vessels, healing of wounds, and iron absorption
• Helps metabolize several amino acids and hormones
BiotinBenefit:• Key role in metabolizing fats, carbohydrates, and proteins
• Part of a number of enzymes in which it functions as a carboxyl carrier
• Manufactured in lower digestive tract by bacteria
ColinBenefit:• Helps maintain central nervous system • Precursor to acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter• Involved in production and metabolism of fats and cholesterol
Vitamin B (Folic acid, folate)• Used by body to break down and synthesize amino acids
• Helps synthesize nucleic acids, which are needed to build new cells, particularly red blood cells
• Involved in a variety of reactions in amino acid and nucleotide metabolism
• Recommended for women of childbearing age; helps prevent neural tube birth defects
Vitamin B3 (Niacin)• Enables body to use carbohydrates, fats, and proteins (to provide energy), and amino acids
• Influences metabolism of DNA, NAD, NADP • Aids nervous system and digestive tract function and promotes healthy skin
Pantothenic Acid• Necessary for adrenal cortex function • Part of chemistry of coenzyme A, which is vital to metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins and involved in making fatty acids, cholesterol, acetylcholine, steroid hormones, and nerve regulators