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To AP Chemistry Students:

Welcome to AP Chemistry!! You have elected to enroll in a challenging and rewarding class for

the next school year. I applaud you and your desire to push your academic learning and set high goals for

yourself. This is your information packet for this course. PLEASE PUT IT IN A SAFE PLACE!!! It

contains much information you will need – assignments, due dates, extra credit. Below are some items for

your consideration as you embark on this course.

About the AP Chemistry Course:

Since this is a college level course taught in high school, it is very demanding. You will be

required to spend much time and effort on the material. Much of the work comes from solving math-story

problems and much of your effort needs to be in learning how to dissect the problems to find the solutions.

You can plan on having homework on nearly a daily basis through April. The goal is to develop your

problem solving skills so that you will find success on the AP Test. The amount of time you dedicate to

outside of class work will have a direct impact on your success. An important part of the class is your

laboratory experience. On scheduled Lab Weeks (calendar included) the class will meet one hour earlier on

Wednesday for a 2 hour lab block. This is a requirement and NOT an option.

Why Take AP Chemistry?

There are many reasons why you may want to take AP Chemistry, including (but not limited to)

the following:

1. AP Chemistry will provide an excellent challenge for you, some to the limit of your academic

ability. You may have found other science classes easy and not challenging and may not have

encouraged you to do your best. This will not be true in this class. You will be challenged!

2. AP Chemistry may allow you to achieve college credit while still in high school. This saves

you money in the long run as you may not have to take some classes/labs in college. Even for

those who don‟t get college credit, they find that college chemistry is an easy review and

allows them to get high grades, cushion their GPA a bit, and help their peers who are

struggling.

3. AP Chemistry looks great on transcripts and in letters of recommendation. It provides you

with another way to distinguish yourself from the rest of the population.

4. AP Chemistry will give you a much more intense and academically rewarding experience

than other science classes. At the end of the year you will be amazed at what you know and

can do that few others in the school can.

5. You will find that it will NEVER be as easy to learn Freshman Chemistry as it is in here.

Most college classes are 200 or more students – you can NOT get the individual attention you

need, can NOT ask the questions you need. I will always take the time to answer your

questions and I am available before school and at lunches. Many college chemistry

instructors use Freshman Chemistry as a class to weed out people so upper division courses

are smaller. Grades and difficulty are adjusted to this end. There is not that pressure here.

6. AP Chemistry will teach your brain to function on higher levels of thought. You will rarely

be asked to regurgitate information. Instead, you will be asked to think about and apply

concepts to new situations.

Grading:

Grades you receive in this class are independent of the AP Test scores you receive. Scores are not

released until July, long after I have turned in grades. There is no desire to destroy GPAs, in fact, students

who accept the challenge of AP Chemistry should be rewarded and acknowledged for their commitment to

a difficult class. Generally speaking, students who work hard and keep up with the coursework will receive

either A or B grades. However, students who fall behind, give up, or don‟t complete assignments will

receive lower grades. The grading scale and category weights can be found in the syllabus online or in this

packet.

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Students need to understand that this is an intense course and that much work is needed. Some students

think they are ready for college work but don‟t quite know what that entails. Below are some perceptions

and realities about this course:

Perception 1: I have always been and always will be a straight “A” student.

Reality: You are likely to get an A or B as described above. However, simply being in class will

not guarantee an “A”. You will have to put effort into getting that A and when you do, it will be worth it!

Perception 2: I can miss class (for whatever legitimate reason – family, sports, school, etc) and catch up

on my own. It‟s always worked for me before.

Reality: This is exceptionally difficult to do, almost to the point of impossibility. Missing class is

the number one reason students get behind, get frustrated, and see their grades drop. If you are gone for

three days, it will take you at least three days of outside work on your own to catch up. I can‟t take time

out of class to catch you up when you miss class and can not teach you in a 10 minute session what took an

hour to teach. Sure, it is easy to get the work from a friend, but when it comes to quizzes and tests, simply

getting the answer from a friend does you no good. This might require that you say no to things that take

you out of class. As in college, you have to deal with the consequences of missing class.

Perception 3: It really isn‟t that tough.

Reality: This is perhaps the most difficult class you can take at Auburn Riverside High School.

My job is to provide you with the SAME LEARNING that you would get at any 4 year college in the

United States. IF I don‟t do that, I am shortchanging you. This is a college level class, not an advanced

high school class. From the feedback I receive from other students, this goal is being met. Yes it is tough,

and yes, students are getting the same education that they would in any college. It is not possible to make

the class easier and provide this education. Every student who has taken this class has had a tremendous

advantage over their peers in college who haven‟t taken AP Chemistry. I have NEVER had a student come

back to me and tell me that they wish I had made the class easier!

Perception 4: If the majority of class falls behind, Mr. Davis will just slow down.

Reality: There are 18 chapters that MUST be covered by the beginning of May. This is a tough

pace to do. The biggest contributor to success in this class is time, time to get material covered and

reviewed. This means that we need to get the material covered in a timely manner. Slowing down to catch

people up will undermine that goal. If we have to slow down to make the course easier or catch people up,

we will not cover the required content and students will face questions on material not covered. There will

be a schedule given to you that you can follow that will allow us to cover the needed content. This will

require that you spend a fair amount of time outside of class working on Chemistry. Time management is

essential to your success.

Perception 5: I don‟t really have to do the summer assignment.

Reality: The summer assignment is largely a review of other science classes you have had. It will

cover concepts such as: matter and measurement, molecules, elements, ions, and a specialized method of

performing conversions. I am serious about the first day test – it will cover the items listed in the

assignment. Studying the summer work will give us more flexibility during the year to do more in the way

of review and practice for the AP test in May.

If you find this a bit daunting, don‟t be scared! There is fun to be had in here and you will find

satisfaction in the challenge and achievements you will have. There are usually donuts that find their way

into class on lab mornings and there are lots of things to help you have a positive and productive

experience. I thank you for electing to take AP Chemistry! I look forward to a rewarding year with you – a

challenging year – and one full of learning and success!

See you in the fall!

Mr. Davis

AP Chemistry Instructor

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AP Chemistry Summer Assignment

This assignment is a requirement and NOT extra credit. You will notice that there are

some extra problems that can be done for extra credit – these are marked below.

Read Chapters 1-2 of Chemistry: The Central Science, AP Edition, by Brown, Lemay,

and Bursten. Copies of the chapters and homework problems are provided. When you

arrive in September, you will turn in the following items:

1. Answer the assigned questions/exercises from the chapters – see below and

problem list that is included.

2. Complete the vocabulary definitions. The list of assigned questions is listed

below. You can find vocabulary at the following URL:

http://swift.auburn.wednet.edu/arhs/mdavis/index.php

This assignment will be collected on the first day of class. You can email me at

msdavis@auburn.wednet.edu over the summer if you have questions about the material

or need help with a concept. I will get back to you, but it might not be immediate.

NO LATE PAPERS ACCEPTED!!

AP CHEMISTRY – FIRST DAY TEST

You will be taking a test on the first day of class (sample test included) and it will cover

the following two items for memorization:

1. Memorize the sheets the sheets called, “ION SHEET”, and “POLYATOMIC

ELEMENTS AND ACIDS.”

2. Memorize the sheet, “THE SOLUBILITY RULES.”

3. Familiarize yourself with the periodic table, learn the legend, color groups of

elements – i.e. all noble gases one color, all alkali metals another color, etc.

All of these are included for you. Flash cards can help as can drilling with a friend,

sibling, or parent. The test will ask you to do any of the following:

Name or write the formula for an ion, an acid, or polyatomic element.

Determine whether compounds are soluble in water.

You are also required to complete assignments out of the book before school starts.

Much of the information you have had in other science classes. In the assignment list are

topics to be covered. Completion of this assignment will make the year MUCH LESS

STRESSFUL for everyone. Time is the biggest factor in this class and completing this

will allow more time during the year so you can become experts in the content! The

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assignments have been divided into “Daily” assignments that will allow you to establish a

good pace for completing the material. The goal is not to occupy your summer, but to

give you a good review and foundation for the start of the year. Please email me at the

above address if you have questions. Go to the following URL for vocabulary lists,

syllabus, this packet, and edited PowerPoint notes:

http://swift.auburn.wednet.edu/arhs/mdavis/index.php

Assignments for Chapter 1: Matter and Measurement

Day Topics Read

Pages Sections

Problems

Pages 30-35

1 Overview, Matter 2-9, Sections 1.1-1.2 Page 31: 9, 12, 14

2 Properties of

Matter, Units of

Measurement

9-20, Sections 1.3-1.4

Page 31-32: 17, 19, 21, 27,

33. Extra credit: 31

3 Uncertainty in

Measurement,

20-25, Section 1.5 Page 33: 37, 42

4 Dimensional

Analysis

25-29, Section 1.6 Page 33: 46, 48, 51.

Assignments for Chapter 2: Atoms, Molecules, Ions

Day Topics Read

Pages Sections

Problems

Pages 70-76

1 Atomic Theory,

Discovery of

Atomic Structure

38-43, Sections 2.1-2.2 2, 5, 8, 9

Extra credit: 10

2 Modern View,

Atomic weights,

Periodic Table

43-51, Sections 2.3-2.5 20, 23, 29, 36, 39

Extra credit: 30

3 Molecules and

Compounds

52-59, Sections 2.6-2.7 40, 43, 47, 53

Extra credit: 56

4 Naming Inorganic

Compounds

60-67, Section 2.8 59, 62, 66, 68

5 Some simple

Organic

Compounds

67-69, Section 2.9 69, 70

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AP Chemistry

Potential First Day Test

Covering memorization of ions, elements, acids, and solubility.

A. Write the formulas for the following acids, ions, or elements.

1. sulfurous acid 2. chlorine

3. cyanide ion 4. sulfate ion

5. carbonate ion 6. cobalt

7. hydroxide ion 8. hydrochloric acid

9. nitrate ion 10. sodium

B. Write the names for the following ions or acids from their formulas.

11. HNO3 12. HF

13. SCN- 14. HSO4

-

15. O-2

16. NO2-

17. Cl- 18. H

+

19. H3PO4 20. H2SO4

C. Give the formula for the most common ion(s) formed from the following metals.

Note: There may be more than one.

21. Iron 22. Beryllium

23. Copper 24. Tin

25. Potassium 26. Silver

D. Indicate whether the following compounds are soluble in water.

27. KNO3 28. PbS

29. NH4OH 30. NaClO4

31. CaO 32. Fe(OH)2

33. Cu(C2H3O2)2 34. Al2SO4

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AP Chemistry

Thanksgiving extra credit

During the year, from September to May, we will cover chapters 1-17 and will not

formally cover the remaining chapters. Material from these chapters has been seen on the

AP Exam in May and it would be in your best interest to cover these chapters. I have

decided to assign questions and exercises as extra credit from these chapters over the

holiday breaks. Chapter 7 will be offered over Thanksgiving, the remaining chapters

split between Christmas, mid winter, and spring breaks. If you choose to do them, they

will be due the first day we return after the holidays at the beginning of the period. NO

LATE PAPERS WILL BE ACCEPTED!! The questions and problems in chapter 7

will be worth 20 points. You do not have to do all of the questions and exercises listed in

a chapter to receive partial credit. The amount of credit you receive will be determined

by the number and difficulty of the problems you complete. YOU MUST SHOW ALL

YOUR WORK FOR FULL CREDIT!! Happy Thanksgiving.

Chapter 7

Exercises from Chapter 7 problem set

5,9,12,13,16,17,20,23,26,29,32,35,39,46,49,55,60,68

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AP Chemistry

December break assignment

This is to be completed by the end of break. You will turn in this assignment on the day

we return from break. There will be a test/quiz on the following Friday that will cover

chapter 11.

Assignment:

1. You are to read chapter 11, sections 1 through 6 in the text. The topics are:

a. Molecular comparison of solids and liquids

b. Intermolecular forces

c. Some properties of liquids

d. Phase changes

e. Vapor Pressure

f. Phase diagrams

2. You are to complete all of the chapter problems as listed in the syllabus.

3. You are to get the vocabulary lists from online and complete them for

chapters 6, 7, 8, and 11.

4. You are to complete the attached chapters 6, 7, 8 test.

5. You will turn in all of your homework from chapters 6, 7, and 8 on the day we

return from break.

Point values:

Chapter problems are worth 10 points per chapter in this

assignment

Vocabulary is worth 10 points per chapter in this assignment.

If you have questions, you can email me at msdavis@auburn.wednet.edu I can‟t

guarantee that I‟ll get back to you immediately, but will try to check this at least once per

day.

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AP Chemistry

Virtual Lab Assignment You have been provided with a numbered disk that contains the Virtual Chemistry Lab program. This disk

must be returned after break.

Lab experiments are found on the AP Test and this program will allow you to complete a number of labs

that may potentially show up. You are to treat these labs like any other lab – that is, you are to record

DATA and OBSERVATIONS as well as provide calculations and record graphs. This program will do

much of the graphing and recording data, but not all.

Some helpful hints (where appropriate):

Always have the program record temperature

Always have the program record pH and conductivity

Write down any masses you take

Write down any volumes you measure

Record any observations about color changes, precipitates, smells, flame color, etc. The

inorganic lab is primarily an observational lab.

Record everything in your lab notebook AND USE A SEPARATE PAGE (or pages)

FOR EACH LAB.

PRINT EACH LAB NOTEBOOK ENTRY AS YOU FINISH IT. IT WILL NOT

BE SAVED AFTER YOU CLOSE THE PROGRAM.

Required labs: Complete the following labs in your virtual lab book and print your lab book when you are

finished. This will be your grade.

FROM THE INORGANIC LAB BENCH

Go to the stock room and fill test tubes, one solution per test tube, with the following:

Ag, Bi, Ba, Ca, Co, Cu, Fe+2

, Fe+3

, K, Mg, Na, Sr, Pb (you may need to make two trips –

perform one group and then go get the rest)

1. Perform FLAME TESTS on each of the ions and record what colors you see.

2. Perform PRECIPITATE TESTS on the solutions and record when precipitates are formed

and with which compounds.

3. For the precipitate lab – write net ionic reactions for each of the precipitates that are

formed.

FROM THE CALORIMETRY LAB BENCH

#1 Freezing point depression – NaCl

#2 Boiling point elevation – NaCl

#4 Heat of reaction: HCl + NaOH

#6 Heat of solution – NaNO3

#10 Heat Capacity of a metal – Au

#13 Heat of combustion – sugar

FROM THE TITRATION LAB BENCH

#1 Strong acid strong base

#2 Strong acid strong base unknown

#3 Weak acid strong base

#4 Weak acid strong base unknown

#5 Strong acid weak base

#7 Polyprotic acid strong base

FROM THE GASES LAB BENCH

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#1 Balloon experiment ideal

#9 Pressure experiment ideal

#13 Temperature experiment ideal

#10 Pressure experiment N2

FROM THE QUANTUM LAB BENCH

Thomson‟s experiment – this is observational and involves making notes about what

happens when electrical or magnetic fields are changed.

Grading:

Labs will be graded on a slightly different rubric. I will be looking for completeness of

notes and observations, calculations (if you need to you may do these on a separate sheet

of paper), and conclusion. Each lab will be worth 100 points.

You must include a purpose at the top of the lab book

You must write a conclusion

There are no analysis questions other that the calculations you have to do to complete the

lab. See below

PRINT EACH LAB NOTEBOOK ENTRY AS YOU FINISH IT. IT WILL NOT

BE SAVED WHEN YOU CLOSE THE PROGRAM!!!

You will receive more information about due dates as we go through the year. Labs

will correlate with topics covered.

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Negative Ions – Anions

Positive Ions – Cations

1+ 2+ 3+ 4+ Ammonium NH4

+ Barium Ba

2+ Aluminum Al

3+ Carbon C

4+

Cesium Cs+

Beryllium Be2+

Antimony (III) Sb3+

Lead (IV) Pb4+

Copper (I) Cu+

Cadmium (II) Cd2+

Bismuth (III) Bi3+

Silicon Si4+

Gold (I) Au+

Calcium Ca2+

Chromium (III) Cr3+

Tin (IV) Sn4+

Hydrogen H+ Chromium (II) Cr

2+ Cobalt (III) Co

3+

Lithium Li+

Cobalt (II) Co2+

Gallium Ga3+

5+

Potassium K+

Copper (II) Cu2+

Gold (III) Au3+

Antimony (V) Sb5+

Rubidium Rb+

Iron (II) Fe2+

Iron (III) Fe3+

Bismuth (V) Bi5+

Silver Ag+

Lead (II) Pb2+

Manganese (III) Mn3+

Sodium Na+

Magnesium Mg2+

Nickel (III) Ni3+

Manganese (II) Mn2+

Mercury (I) Hg22+

Mercury (II) Hg2+

Nickel (II) Ni2+

Strontium Sr2+

Tin (II) Sn2+

Zinc Zn2+

-1 -2 -3 -4 Acetate CH3COO

- Carbonate CO3

2- Arsenide As

3- Carbide C

4-

Bromide Br- Chromate CrO4

2- Nitride N

3-

Chlorate ClO3-

Dichromate Cr2O72-

Phosphate PO43-

Chloride Cl-

Monohydrogen Phosphate

HPO42-

Phosphide P3-

Chlorite ClO2-

Oxalate C2O42-

Phosphite PO33-

Cyanide CN-

Oxide O2-

Dihydrogen phosphate

H2PO4-

Peroxide O22-

Fluoride F-

Selenide Se2-

Hydride H- Silicate SiO3

2-

Hydrogen carbonate

HCO3-

Sulfate SO42-

Hydrogen sulfate HSO4-

Sulfide S2-

Hydrogen sulfide HS-

Sulfite SO32-

Hydrogen sulfite HSO3-

Telluride Te2-

Hydroxide OH-

Thiosulfate S2O32-

Hypochlorite OCl-

Iodate IO3-

Iodide I-

Nitrate NO3-

Nitrite NO2-

Perchlorate ClO4-

Permanganate MnO4-

Thiocyanate SCN-

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The Solubility Rules

1. The nitrates, nitrites, chlorates, and acetates of all metals are soluble in water.

a. Silver acetate, silver nitrite, and potassium perchlorate are sparingly

soluble.

2. All sodium, potassium, and ammonium salts are soluble in water.

3. The chlorides, bromides, and iodides of all metals EXCEPT lead, silver, and

mercury (I) are soluble in water.

a. HgBr2 is moderately soluble.

b. PbCl2, PbBr2, and PbI2 are soluble in hot water.

c. The water insoluble chlorides, bromides, and iodides are also insoluble in

dilute acids.

4. The sulfates of all metals except lead, strontium, mercury (I), and barium are

soluble in water.

a. Silver sulfate and calcium sulfate are slightly soluble.

b. The water insoluble sulfates are also insoluble in dilute acids.

5. The carbonates, phosphates, borates, sulfites, chromates, and arsenates of all

metals EXCEPT sodium, potassium, and ammonium are insoluble in water, but

soluble in dilute acids.

a. MgCrO4 is soluble in water.

b. MgSO3 is slightly soluble in water.

6. The sulfides of all metals except lithium, barium, calcium, magnesium,

potassium, sodium, and ammonium are insoluble in water.

a. BaS, CaS, and MgS are sparingly soluble.

7. The hydroxides of lithium, potassium, sodium, and ammonium are very soluble in

water.

a. The oxides and hydroxides of calcium, strontium, and barium are

moderately soluble.

b. The oxides and hydroxides of all other metals are insoluble.

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Polyatomic Elements, Acids, and Common Compounds Polyatomic Elements Acids Common Compounds

Arsenic, As2

Astatine, At2

Bromine, Br2

Chlorine, Cl2

Fluorine, F2

Iodine, I2

Hydrogen, H2

Nitrogen, N2

Oxygen, O2

Phosphorus, P4

Sulfur, S8

Acetic, CH3COOH

Oleic, C18H34O2

Boric, H3BO3

Hydrobromic, HBr

Hydrochloric, HCl

Hydroiodic, HI

Hydrofluoric, HF

Formic, HCOOH

Carbonic, H2CO3

Oxalic, H2C2O4

Hypochlorous, HClO

Chlorous, HClO2

Chloric, HClO3

Perchloric, HClO4

Nitrous, HNO2

Nitric, HNO3

Sulfurous, H2SO3

Sulfuric, H2SO4

Alum, AlK(SO4)212 H2O

Methane, CH4

Benzene, C6H6

Naphthalene, C10H8

Chloroform, CHCl3

Methanol, CH3OH

Ethanol, C2H5OH

Acetone, CH3COCH3

Glycerin, C3H5(OH)3

Vitamin C, C6H8O6

Simple sugars, C6H12O6

Sucrose, C12H22O11

Chalk, CaCO3

Quicklime, CaO

Gypsum (drywall), CaSO4

Rust, Fe2O3

Formaldehyde, HCOH

Water, H2O

Potash, K2CO3

Epsom Salts, MgSO4

Ammonia, NH3

Laughing Gas, N2O

Soda ash, Na2CO3

Table Salt, NaCl

Baking Soda, NaHCO3

Saltpeter, NaNO3

Bleach, NaOCl

Caustic Soda, NaOH

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AP Chemistry Mr. Davis

Auburn Riverside HS

Mr. Davis Room 703

1.253.804.5154 x7030 or x7040 msdavis@auburn.wednet.edu

http://swift.auburn.wednet.edu/arhs/mdavis/index.php

Text: Brown, Lemay, et al. Chemistry The Central Science. Upper Saddle River:

Pearson Publishing, 2000.

Welcome to AP Chemistry!! Over the next few months you will have the

opportunity to learn a great deal about chemistry, much more than you learned in the first

year class. We will explore in much greater depth the concepts you have learned as well

as new material that will build upon your previous knowledge. Ultimately, this class will

serve several purposes. It will give you a chance to experience what a college class may

be like, it will challenge you with new information, it will prepare you to take the

Advanced Placement Test next May, you will use your knowledge in performing weekly

labs, thus “seeing and doing” those concepts you learn in class, and you will understand

in great detail how chemistry affects the total environment in which we live.

In order for this class to be successful, we must work together and meet

obligations for class. It is my responsibility to present the material to you in a clear and

understandable manner. I must involve you in the learning process at all times, thus your

participation is a daily necessity. I must be available outside of class to assist you in

learning. I will also make every effort to be timely in returning quizzes, exams, projects,

and any other material that you turn in. You will need to set aside time to study the

material, come to class prepared, and ask many questions! In addition, you will all need

calculators; I recommend the TI-85, TI-90, or equivalent. You may use a calculator on

the AP Exam so the more familiar you are with a good graphing or programmable

calculator the better off you will be at test time.

Assignments

I will collect formal homework problems from you during this year. I will give

you a list of problems for each chapter that will be assigned by section and collected on a

regular basis. All of these problems can be found at the AP Chemistry Homepage and

listed in this syllabus. The AP Test as well as science in general is problem based and

solving these problems will give you practice, skill, and confidence in solving the type

you will find later. There will be times in class where you may be called upon to work a

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problem on the board so you will be familiar with the concepts. There will also be ample

time for you to ask questions about the listed problems and get help in class. Any of the

suggested problems you can expect to find on exams and quizzes, with modifications of

course. Answers to selected problems can be found at the back of your book, but do not

rely on just the answers - it is more important for you to understand the concepts and

processes to solve the problems.

The Website

I maintain a website at the following URL:

http://swift.auburn.wednet.edu/arhs/mdavis/index.php

At this site you will find edited versions of all the lecture notes I will use in class. I

encourage you to print them out and bring them to class to fill in as material is presented.

It is very helpful to have the edited version of notes so that you can pay more attention to

the sample problems and explanations than to simply copying everything that is said in

class. You will find extra practice problems that may be assigned or used as quizzes and

you will find vocabulary lists for chapters 1-16. These vocabulary lists are required

assignments to be collected at each test and there will be quizzes on the terms during the

year. Please utilize the site to your benefit as you are working on this class. There are

links to many other items that can be helpful to you and your success. It is an evolving

site – so please bookmark it and visit it regularly.

Grading

Your grade for this course will be determined based on the following categories.

Exams and quizzes 60%

Lab, including formal lab 25%

Homework 15%

Grades are based on your total performance for the semester, 18 weeks, with

periodic reports.

Each exam will be curved based on the performance of the class. I will select the

top three (3) related scores and average them to determine the top of the “curve.” For

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example, if there were scores of 95, 86, 84, and 87, I will disregard the 95 and average

the others to establish the top score. The breaks for grades will occur as follows.

90-100% = A 77-80% = C+ 65-70% = D+

87-90% = B+ 73-77% = C 60-65% = D

83-87% = B 70-73% = C- Below 60% = F

80-83% = B-

You will have the opportunity to make test corrections for all of the exams you

take. It is imperative that you understand the concepts covered and the problem solving

strategies used and making corrections will reinforce them. Each of the corrections you

make must be justified; it will not be enough to simply give the correct answer. You

must provide an explanation for the correction.

NOTE ON GRADES: Due to the nature of an AP course - you should not be

penalized for taking this class. To that end, you will have the opportunity to

improve your grade over the course of the year. If you do all of the assigned work

in a timely manner, it is unlikely you will receive a „poor‟ grade.

Exams

There will be two types of exams you will take in this class. The first type will be

take home tests. These tests will be rather involved and time consuming. The second

type of tests will be designed for you to gain practice for the AP test. They will of the

same format as what you will find on the AP Test and will be structured in such a way as

to give you in class practice at timed test taking. This is the time for you to begin to

develop the speed and skills necessary to do well on any type of standardized test, AP

exam to SAT to MCAT in the future. You will find questions on your exams that will be

similar to types found on the AP Chemistry exam and you must learn how to complete

them in a timely manner.

Commentary/AP Exam

Throughout the year part of my job is to prepare you to take the AP Exam in May.

To this end I will do many things including AP Exam “study days”, incorporate typical

exam questions on tests and quizzes, and hopefully reserve the two weeks prior to the test

to help finalize your preparation so you will be as successful as possible.

I will demand more from you with respect to writing and conceptualizing than in

general chemistry and the pace of this class will be much different than other classes. I

realize that many of you are taking other difficult classes and have much work for those

classes as well; therefore I will not require items such as current events or many out of

class projects. Given this, the onus is on you to study and learn much of the material. I

16

will do everything possible so you will be successful but considerable effort must be

made on your part. Different guidelines suggest you spend about an hour a day on AP

Chemistry or about 5 hours per week. My advice to you is this: You know how well you

want to do, you know the grade you want to earn from this class, you have your own self-

expectations and only you can meet them. You must put forth the necessary effort to

meet your goals. I would like all of you to earn A‟s from this class and urge you to strive

for that!

In order for you to find the most success there are a couple things you must keep

in mind throughout the year.

1. You must PRACTICE! This means that you have time in class to practice

solving problems in small groups or in front of class. Sharing information and

problem solving strategies and working on them with your peers will be of

great help to you. You must practice at home as well and homework will be

devoted to your practice of essential concepts. The more you practice

decoding and solving problems the more success you will have on quizzes,

tests, and the AP Exam.

2. You must WRITE! This means that you learn to and practice writing answers

and explanations for problems. Part of the AP test involves you writing

„essay‟ answers and you must be able to communicate your thoughts

concisely and clearly. You will also be assigned a formal lab report each

semester that will require you to write in a different manner than you will find

in your Language classes. We will practice writing answers to questions,

conclusions to laboratory experiments, and essential elements of formal

reports.

Review Problems End of Chapter Problems

All of the end of chapter problems can be found at the AP Chemistry Homepage

that can be found listed below. It will help you if you answer all of them as they address

concepts covered on class exams as well as on the AP exam. I may add problems at any

time to ensure that you are ready for the Exam. Some of the problems may be similar to

ones found in the book and solutions to those problems can be found at the back of the

book and I have the rest in my edition. I am more than willing to work through problems

in class, before or after school. Some of the problems can be quite difficult so do not be

discouraged if they give you trouble.

The best technique for solving these problems is to go through and attempt to

solve all of them. Mark the ones that give you trouble. This is a good technique to

develop for taking the AP Exam. DO NOT GO BACK IN THE TEXT TO SEE HOW

TO DO THE PROBLEM! REMEMBER, YOU WILL NOT HAVE A TEXT

AVAILABLE ON EXAMS! After you have tried to solve all of the problems, go back to

the appropriate section to review. Try to solve it again. If you are still stuck, see me or

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ask in class. No problem should monopolize your time and chances are someone else

may have the same question.

You will be taught a problem solving strategy that, if used properly, will allow

you to solve nearly any problem you encounter. However, as mentioned before, you

must PRACTICE!!

Chapter Problems 1

Summer

2, 5, 6, 7, 9, 11, 15, 17, 22, 25, 27, 28, 29, 29, 31, 37, 40, 45, 47, 53, 60, 61

2

Summer

2, 3, 5, 9, 14, 15, 17, 23, 25, 28, 35, 38, 40, 45, 50, 53, 56, 58, 61, 66

3

Summer

3, 5, 6, 7, 11, 16, 17, 20, 21, 23, 27, 28, 30, 39, 40, 43, 47, 53, 54, 59, 63, 68, 72, 74, 78, 79

4 3, 6, 7, 13, 17, 19, 21, 23, 24, 29, 31, 35, 40, 43, 46, 51, 54, 55, 57, 60, 61

5 4, 5, 8, 10, 11, 14, 15, 18, 19, 23, 26, 31, 35, 41, 44, 45, 47, 50, 55, 58, 65, 67, 70

6 3, 6, 8, 11, 12, 16, 19, 23, 26, 35, 38, 43, 45, 46, 49, 56, 58, 61, 64, 66, 70, 73

7 5, 9, 12, 13, 16, 17, 20, 23, 26, 28, 29, 32, 35, 39, 42, 46, 49, 55, 58, 60, 68

8 3, 4, 5, 7, 11, 12, 17, 20, 22, 25, 27, 31, 32, 36, 38, 39, 43, 44, 47, 48, 51, 56, 57, 61, 63, 72, 74, 75, 83

9 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 24, 25, 28, 29, 30, 31, 33, 35, 37, 49, 52, 54, 57, 61, 63, 64

10 3, 7, 8, 10, 11, 14, 16, 17, 20, 23, 26, 31, 32, 33, 36, 37, 41, 44, 46, 51, 52, 53, 56, 71, 75, 80, 83

11 7, 9, 10, 14, 16, 21, 24, 25, 28, 33, 34, 38, 45, 50, 54, 55, 57, 60, 63, 67, 71, 72, 75, 79, 86

13 3, 6, 8, 11, 14, 15, 18, 21, 23, 28, 32, 33, 43, 44, 45, 49, 51, 54, 55, 55, 58, 63, 66, 68, 74, 79

14 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 13, 17, 18, 20, 23, 25, 26, 28, 30, 31, 33, 37, 39, 45, 47, 55, 58, 61, 66, 69, 74, 79

15 2, 3, 5, 7, 10,13, 15, 18, 19, 21, 25, 28, 31, 34, 36, 38, 44, 45, 47, 51, 53, 57

16 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 12, 13, 15, 17, 18, 19, 21, 22, 24, 26, 30, 33, 35, 39, 42, 45, 51, 53, 57, 59, 62, 67, 69, 73,

75, 77, 79, 81, 88

17 4, 5, 7, 10, 11, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 26, 27, 33, 36, 39, 40, 43, 46, 48, 49, 51, 53, 57, 59, 64, 69, 72, 78, 80,

85

19 1, 4, 5, 9, 14, 15, 19, 22, 24, 26, 29, 31, 34, 35, 37, 39, 41, 44, 46, 48, 50, 53, 54, 56, 57, 59

20 1, 3, 6, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 18, 19, 22, 24, 26, 27, 29, 33, 36, 37, 39, 43, 45, 49, 52, 53, 56, 59, 61, 63, 67,

69, 71, 74, 78, 79

18

Course Outline

Ch. Unit Title Dates Daily Topics 1, 2 Matter and Measurement

Atoms and Molecules

Review conversions, matter, units, stoichiometry

Review nomenclature, average atomic mass Atomic theory, structure

Complex ions and molecules

Ions, molecular formulas

3, 7 Chemical Formulas and Equations

Chemical equations, periodicity Types of reactions

Formulas, molecular weights

% composition from formulas Balancing equations

Mole, Molarity, Avogadro‟s #

Formulas from analysis Limiting reactants, yield

5,19 Thermodynamics Oxidation numbers

Enthalpy, entropy

Thermodynamic laws Spontaneity

Free energy

H, S, G, Keq

Relate G and Keq, energy and G, energy and Keq

10 Physical Behavior of

Gases

Gas laws

Stoichiometry with cases Dalton

Kinetic molecular theory

Ideal vs. real gases

6 Electronic Structure of Atoms

Quantum theory Energy, wavelength, frequency relationships

Absorbance, emission spectra

de Broglie, electron cloud probability, electronic configurations

Orbital diagrams

Quantum numbers

8, 9 Bonding and Molecular

Structure

Theory of bonding, periodicity

Lewis structures Polarity, Bond Energies

Bonding theories VSEPR, hybridization

Geometry and bond angles

Molecular polarities

11, 12 Liquids, Solids, and Intermolecular Forces

Phase diagrams Types of solids

Intermolecular forces

Crystal structure Modern materials

13, 4 Properties of Solutions Properties of solutions, mole fraction, molality, Molarity

Conversions

dilution problems, concentration Effects on solubility of temperature and pressure

Boiling point elevation, freezing point depression

Colligative properties

14 Kinetics Rate of Reaction

Concentration

Temperature and rate Reaction mechanisms, rate law, and rate order

Catalysis

19

15 Equilibria

Equilibrium, equilibrium constant

Determine equilibrium concentration given original

concentration Le Chatlier‟s principle

Predictions

16, 17 Acids and Bases Acid/Base Equilibria

Roughly the end of April pH, pOH, [OH-], [H+] Strong and weak acid relationships

Bronsted Lowry, Lewis acids, polyprotic acids

Salt solutions Ka, Kb, Kw

Acid-base behavior

Determine Ka from pH and % dissociation Titrations

Common ion effect, buffers

Solubility equilibria, Ksp, precipitation Solubility and pH

Problems with and without the quadratic equation

20 Electrochemistry Redox reactions

Balancing redox reactions Voltaic cells and cell potential

Cell EMF

Net ionic forms

Spontaneity, EMF, and G

Concentration and cell EMF

Nernst equation Electrolysis

Laboratory Guide

The laboratory component of the course is designed for you to have hands on

experience with the concepts you study in the book. Ideally, experiments and text will

correlate exactly; however, a secondary goal is for you to have the maximum time in

Laboratory as possible. This should amount to about 1.5 hours per week or more.

Colleges prefer or require High School AP Chemistry students to have this much

experience to grant credit for the laboratory portion of the college course. Thus, one day

each week will be devoted to lab experience. Part of the day previous will be spent in

pre-lab so you will be familiar with the activity. There will also be time during the days

following labs for debriefing and questions about the concepts and write up. You will

receive a laboratory manual with all of the labs we will do. There is a lab schedule at the

end of the syllabus so you know which labs to prepare for each week.

Notebooks

Each of you will be required to keep a Laboratory Notebook and record

everything about your experiments. Notebooks will be turned in on Fridays and returned

20

on Mondays. Experiments will be done in partners, all work recorded individually.

Notebooks must be completed in ink; pencil is not acceptable and will be returned to you

so you can redo it in ink. Any mistakes you make in your notebook will be crossed out

with one line through it, for example, 310.01 g. Do not scribble it out nor put “X”

through your mistakes. Many time you will find that your “mistake” is not really a

mistake and if you can‟t read your crossed out mistake you may have to do the entire

experiment over. I will provide you with a sample notebook for reference. Your

notebook is your record of the time you have spent in Lab. Consider it part of your

portfolio for this class. If you apply for credit at college you will want to take this with

you to demonstrate your experience.

Formal Lab Write-Up

Once each semester you will choose a lab to write up in formal style. You may

choose any of the labs you have completed. Writing is not limited to English class.

There is a particular style and format that is required for scientific writing. All writing

must be done in the third person passive voice. In other words, do not use I, you, we,

and do write in the past tense. I will provide you with sample reports for reference. A

Rubric is included at the end of the guide and one like it will be attached to your reports

for grading. Each report will be worth 100 points.

Laboratory Procedures and Safety

As with any experiment involving chemicals, safety is of utmost importance.

Eyewear is to be worn; no exceptions, and aprons and gloves are available if you want.

Long hair is to be tied back and loose clothing contained when working with flame. BE

RESPONSIBLE!!

Regarding equipment, after completing an experiment you are responsible for

cleaning your glassware and leaving it to dry on the back counter. You must also wipe

down your counter space. Any apparatus that is out, i.e. hot plates, burners, etc. that do

not require cleaning needs to be put into their respective cupboards. Chemicals will be

dispensed in a manner appropriate to the experiment.

Most of the experiments will take more than one hour to complete. There are two

ways we will expedite labs. The first way is to start labs during what would be zero (0)

period. I will let you know what time you need to be at school. If you are taking a zero

period class, let me know so I can speak with your teacher to arrange for you to leave

class. The second way is that you need to be ready to go as soon as you arrive on the

morning of lab day. This means that during the pre-lab you make sure you understand

what is required and clarify anything that is “muddy”. This will expedite the experiment

and make it more enjoyable for all of us.

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Lab Schedule Week Chapters Lab

1 1 Calibrate pipette

2 2 Chromatography

3 2

4 3 Determination of the formula of a

compound

5 3 COLLECT LAB NOTEBOOK

6 4 Percent water in a hydrate

7 4

8 5 Calorimetry

9 5

10 6 Spectrophotometry

11 6

12 7 Mass/Mole relationships

13 7 COLLECT LAB NOTEBOOK

14 8 Gravimetric analysis

15 8

16 9

17 9

18 10 Determination of molar mass of vapor

19 10 Determination of molar volume of gas

20 11 COLLECT LAB NOTEBOOK

21 13 Molar mass by freezing point depression

22 13 Preparation of oxalate

23 14 Analysis/titration of oxalate

24 14 Determination of rate/reaction order

25 15 Determination of equilibrium constant

26 15 COLLECT LAB NOTEBOOK

27 16

28 16 Standardize a base using KHP

29 17 Determination of concentration by titration

30 17

31 Review

32 Review

33 Review

34 Test May

35 Quantitative analysis

36

37

38

39