TINJAUAN HASIL UJI MUTU BETON JEMBATAN DENGAN ALAT PALU BETON DAN PUNDIT

(TEST R E S U L T R E V I E W O F C O N C R E T E B R I D G E Q U A H T Y USING HAMMER TEST A N D PUNDIT)

N . R e t n o S e t i a t i

P u s l i t b a n g J a l a n d a n J e m b a t a n J a l a n A . H . N a s u t i o n N o . 2 6 4 B a n d u n g 4 0 2 9 4

e-mai l : retno.set iat i@pusjatan.pu.go. id D i t e r i m a : 1 4 M a r e t 2 U 1 4 ; d i r e v i s i : 1 4 M e i 2 0 1 4 ; disetujui: 3 0 M e i 2 0 1 4

A B S T R A K

P e n g u j i a n k u a t tekan beton dengan menggunakan a l a t palu beton ( H a m m e r Test) a d a l a h salah satu pengujian yang banyak d i l a k u k a n orang u n t u k mengetahui mutu suatu elemen struktur beton bertulang. P e n g u j i a n dengan a l a t i n i sangat mudah d i l a k u k a n dan bersifat tidak merusak struktur bangunan yang sedang diuji. P a d a prinsipnya pengujian k u a t tekan dengan menggunakan a l a t palu d i g u n a k a n u n t u k mengetahui tingkat kekerasan bagian p e r m u k a a n beton dan homogenitas suatu elemen struktur untuk keperluan pengendalian mutu beton di l a p a n g a n bagi perencana dan/atau pengawas pelaksanaan p e k e r j a a n . Beberapa faktor yang a k a n mempengaruhi hasil analisis d a r i pengujian dengan menggunakan a l a t i n i d i a n t a r a n y a a d a l a h kehalusan dan k e r a t a a n p e r m u k a a n bidang uji, a r a h t u m b u k a n , serta j u m l a h t i t i k yang diambil. O l e h k a r e n a i t u untuk menambah tingkat keyakinan terhadap hasil uji dengan a l a t palu i n i sebaiknya d i l a k u k a n j u g a pengujian k u a t tekan dengan menggunakan a l a t l a i n (misalnya dengan kecepatan rambat pulsa atau disingkat PUNDIT. D a l a m tulisan ini, a k a n d i u r a i k a n tentang b a g a i m a n a membandingkan hasil pengujian k u a t tekan a n t a r a metoda palu beton dan PUNDIT. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi dan pembahasan, n i l a i k u a t tekan beton eksisting dengan menggunakan palu beton a d a l a h identik dengan menggunakan a l a t PUNDIT. P a d a contoh struktur p i l a r , n i l a i k u a t tekan d a r i palu beton sebesar 3 3 9 , 5 6 kg/cm2 berada pada rentang n i l a i k u a t tekan hasil pengujian PUNDIT (300—350) kg/cm'. P a d a struktur kepala jembatan, n i l a i k u a t tekan d a r i palu beton sebesar 2 5 6 , 5 5 kg/cm berada pada rentang n i l a i k u a t tekan hasil pengujian PUNDIT (250—300) kg/cm2.

K a t a kunci: k u a t tekan, a n g k a pantul, palu beton, pundit, homogenitas

A B S T R A C T

Concrete compressive strength test using concrete hammer is one type of non destructive tests that widely used to investigate the quality of reinforced concrete stnictural element. This type of test is very simple to be done and i t has no influence to the b u i l d i n g structure which is being tested, The principle of the compressive concrete strength test using Schmidt H a m m e r to j i n d out the hardness of concrete surface part and homogeneity of the structural element for quality control assessment of concrete for engineering and/or supervisors' work Tfie factors that i n j l u e n c e the results of the analysis of the test hy using concrete hammer a r e : smoothness of surface a r e a of concrete, direction of the testing impact, or the number of measured samples. Therefore to add confidence ofthe concrete hammer lest results, i t is recommended to carry out other compressive strength test using other tools such as PUNDIT. In this a r t i c i e , i t w i l l be explained how to carry out the compressive test procedure and how to analyze the compressive test results of the non destructive test. Tlie results have to be compared with other alternative testing to validate the f i n a l test results (PUNDIT). Based on the results, the compressive strength of concrete using concrete hammer is identical to using a PUNDIT. In the example of the pdlar structure, the compressive strength of 3 3 9 . 5 6 kg/citf is in the range ( 3 0 0 - 3 5 0 ) kg/cm2 when using PUNDIT. At the abutment structure, the compressive strength of concrete hammer of 2 5 6 . 5 5 kg/cm2 is in the range ofthe compressive strength test results by using P U N D I T ( 2 5 0 - 3 0 0 ) kg/cm2.

Keywords: compression strength, reflected value, concrete hammer, pundit, homogeneity

Jumat Transportasi J a l a n . V o l u m e 0 1 N o . 1 J u n i 2 0 1 4 , 2 5 - 3 5 2 5

P E N D A H U L U A N K A J I A N P U S T A K A

P e n g u j i a n e l e m e n s t r u k t u r b e t o n d e n g a n m e n g g u n a k a n p a l u b e t o n {Schmidt H a m m e r ) d i l a k u k a n t a n p a m e r u s a k s t r u k t u r b e t o n y a n g d i p e r i k s a . H u b u n g a n a n t a r a a n g k a p a n t u l d a n k e k u a t a n b e t o n d i p e r o l e h d a r i s e j u m l a h b e s a r p e r c o b a a n p a l u b e t o n t e r h a d a p b e n d a u j i k u b u s , d i m a n a b e n d a u j i k u b u s y a n g d i u j i k u a t t e k a n n y a d e n g a n a l a t p a l u t e r s e b u t l a n g s u n g d i u j i p u l a d e n g a n m e n g g u n a k a n m e s i n t e k a n { U n i v e r s a l Testing M a c h i n e , UTKf) s a m p a i k u b u s i t u h a n c u r . U n t u k k u b u s d e n g a n m u t u n o r m a l , k e t i d a k p a s t i a n y a n g m e n y a n g k u t h u b u n g a n n i l a i k u a t t e k a n a n t a r a p a l u u j i d a n m e s i n t e k a n t i d a k m e n u n j u k k a n p e r b e d a a n y a n g s i g n i f i k a n .

M e n u r u t N c v i l l e ( 1 9 9 5 ) , p a d a k o n d i s i t e r t e n t u t e r k a d a n g k e k u a t a n b e t o n t i d a k d i s p e s i f i k a s i k a n d a l a m h u b u n g a n n y a d e n g a n t e g a n g a n (stress), m e l a i n k a n d i m a k s u d k a n u n t u k m e n d a p a t k a n h u b u n g a n k e k u a t a n b e t o n d e n g a n k e t a h a n a n ( b a i k t e r h a d a p k e a u s a n y a n g t i n g g i , e r o s i , a t a u p e n g a r u h c u a c a . U n t u k k a s u s i n i , t i n g k a t k e k e r a s a n d a r i p e r m u k a a n b e t o n (surface hardness) d i t e n t u k a n ( d i u k u r ) d e n g a n m e n g g u n a k a n p a l u b e t o n . H a l i n i m e r u p a k a n c a r a y a n g p a l i n g m u d a h d a r i p a d a d e n g a n m e n g a m b i l b e b e r a p a b e n d a u j i k u b u s u n t u k d i u j i t e k a n

M a k s u d d a r i t i n j a u a n i n i a d a l a h u n t u k m e n d a p a t k a n a c u a n d a n p e g a n g a n d a l a m m e l a k s a n a k a n p e n g u j i a n k e k e r a s a n p e r m u k a a n b e t o n d e n g a n m e n g g u n a k a n "ala t p a l u .

S e d a n g k a n t u j u a n n y a a d a l a h u n t u k m e m p e r k i r a k a n n i l a i k u a t t e k a n p e r m u k a a n b e t o n p a d a u m u r t e r t e n t u d a n h o m o g e n i t a s p a d a s u a t u e l e m e n s t r u k t u r u n t u k k e p e r l u a n p e n g e n d a l i a n m u t u b e t o n d i l a p a n g a n b a g i p e r e n c a n a d a n / a t a u p e n g a w a s p e l a k s a n a a n p e k e r j a a n .

P e n g u j i a n h o m o g e n i t a s b e t o n e k s i s t i n g d i l a k u k a n p a d a p i l a r d a n k e p a l a j e m b a t a n . H a s i l u j i d e n g a n a l a t p a l u b e t o n d i b a n d i n g k a n d e n g a n a l a t k e c e p a t a n r a m b a t p u l s a .

B e r d a s a r k a n S N 1 0 3 - 4 4 3 0 - 1 9 9 7 ( B S N 1 9 9 7 ) , d e f i n i s i d a r i a l a t p a l u b e t o n (Schmidt

H a m m e r ) a d a l a h s e j e n i s p a l u b e t o n y a n g d i g e r a k k a n o l e h g a y a p e g a s y a n g a p a b i l a d i l e p a s k a n a k a n m e m u k u l p e l u n c u r b a j a k e p e r m u k a a n b e t o n . A d a d u a j e n i s a l a t p a l u b e t o n y a n g b i a s a d i g u n a k a n u n t u k p e l a k s a n a a n p e k e r j a a n d i l a p a n g a n , y a i t u p a l u b e t o n t i p e N d a n t i p e N R . P a l u b e t o n t i p e N m e r u p a k a n a l a t u j i p a l u b e t o n y a n g d a p a t d i g u n a k a n u n t u k p e n g u j i a n s t r u k t u r b e t o n n o r m a l y a n g t i d a k d i l e n g k a p i d e n g a n a l a t p e n c a t a t d a t a ( r e c o r d e r ) . S e d a n g k a n p a l u b e t o n t i p e N R a d a l a h a l a t u j i p a l u b e t o n y a n g d a p a t d i g u n a k a n u n t u k p e n g u j i a n s t r u k t u r b e t o n n o r m a l d a n d i l e n g k a p i d e n g a n a l a t p e n c a t a t d a t a ( r e c o r d e r ) .

K e k e r a s a n p e r m u k a a n b e t o n y a n g d i u j i d e n g a n a l a t i n i d i n y a t a k a n d e n g a n n i l a i l e n t i n g , d i m a n a n i l a i l e n t i n g i n i a d a l a h n i l a i p e m b a c a a n y a n g d i t u n j u k k a n o l e h a l a t s e t e l a h p e l u n c u r b a j a m e m u k u l p e r m u k a a n b e t o n . P e r m u k a a n b e t o n y a n g a k a n d i u j i h a r u s m e r u p a k a n p e r m u k a a n y a n g p a d a t , r a t a , h a l u s , d a n t i d a k d i l a p i s i o l e h p l e s t e r a n a t a u b a h a n p e l a p i s l a i n n y a . B i d a n g u j i y a n g d i p i l i h h a r u s k e r i n g d a n h a l u s , b e b a s d a r i t o n j o l a n - t o n j o l a n a t a u l u b a n g - l u b a n g . L o k a s i - l o k a s i b i d a n g u j i h a r u s d i t e n t u k a n s e s u a i d e n g a n d i m e n s i e l e m e n s t r u k t u r d a n j u m l a h n i l a i u j i y a n g d i p e r l u k a n u n t u k p e r h i t u n g a n p e r k i r a a n k e k u a t a n b e t o n ( B S N 1 9 9 8 b ) .

I l u s t r a s i a l a t p a l u b e t o n s e p e r t i d i s a j i k a n p a d a G a m b a r 1 .

G a m b a r 1 . P a l u u j i b e t o n (Schmidt Hammer) T i p e N R

2 6 Tinjauan Hasil Uji Mitiu Beton Jembatan dengan Alat Palu

Beton dan Pundi/ (N. Retno Seiiati)

A d a b e b e r a p a t a h a p a n y a n g h a r u s d i p e r h a t i k a n d a l a m m e n e n t u k a n n i l a i k u a t t e k a n p e r m u k a a n b e t o n d e n g a n a l a t p a l u b e t o n , y a i t u :

1 . M e m i l i h t i t i k - t i t i k y a n g a k a n d i u k u r , B i l a y a n g d i p e r i k s a a d a l a h b a g i a n s t r u k t u r y a n g t i p i s ( l e m b a r a n - l e m b a r a n d a n d i n d i n g -d i n d i n g y a n g t e b a l n y a k u r a n g d a r i 1 0 0 m m , k o l o m - k o l o m y a n g t e b a l n y a k u r a n g d a r i 1 3 0 m m ) m a k a h a r u s d i p e r h a t i k a n b a h w a h a s i l - h a s i l p e n g u k u r a n i t u m u n g k i n j u g a s a l a h a k i b a t p e n g a r u h e l a s t i s i t a s d a r i b e n t u k s t r u k t u r t e r s e b u t . D a l a m m e m i l i h t i t i k - t i t i k y a n g a k a n d i u k u r s e b a i k n y a m e n g h i n d a r i b a g i a n - b a g i a n s a m b u n g a n a t a u b a g i a n b e t o n y a n g k e r o p o s .

2 . M e n y i a p k a n t i t i k - t i t i k y a n g a k a n d i u k u r , b a g i a n p e r m u k a a n b e t o n y a n g t i d a k h a l u s d a p a t d i h a l u s k a n d e n g a n m e n g g u n a k a n b a t u a s a h c a r b o r u n d u m . P a d a b e t o n y a n g s u d a h l a p u k , l a p i s a n p e r m u k a a n n y a h a r u s d i b u a n g t e r l e b i h d a h u l u . L u a s p e r m u k a a n y a n g d i g e r i n d a h a r u s c u k u p m e w a k i l i u n t u k s e p u l u h k a l i p e n g u k u r a n d e n g a n l u a s p e r m u k a a n ( 1 0 0 x 1 0 0 ) m m

3 . J u m l a h t i t i k y a n g a k a n d i t e n t u k a n , b a n y a k n y a t i t i k y a n g d i t e n t u k a n d a p a t b e r j u m l a h l i m a a t a u s e p u l u h t i t i k ( l e b i h b a i k ) p a d a b a g i a n p e r m u k a a n y a n g t e l a h d i s i a p k a n . D a r i s e p u l u h t i t i k , a m b i l l a h h a r g a r a t a - r a t a n y a ( R ) . N i l a i r a t a - r a t a ( R ) d i a m b i l d a r i s e m u a h a s i l p e n g u k u r a n , k e c u a l i b i l a a d a h a s i l p e n g u k u r a n y a n g m e n y i m p a n g j a u h . U n t u k h a s i l p e n g u k u r a n y a n g m e n y i m p a n g j a u h h a r u s d i g a n t i d e n g a n p e n g u k u r a n t a m b a h a n . S e b a g a i p e g a n g a n , h a s i l p e n g u k u r a n y a n g h a r u s d i g a n t i a d a l a h y a n g p e n y i m p a n g a n n y a l e b i h d a r i 5 s a t u a n s k a l a , d a r i h a r g a r a t a - r a t a y a n g d i d a p a t . B e r d a s a r k a n p e n g a l a m a n , h a s i l p e n g u k u r a n y a n g m e n y i m p a n g i n i b i a s a n y a d i a k i b a t k a n o l e h t u m b u k a n y a n g m e n g e n a i p a r t i k e l a g r e g a t a t a u m e n g e n a i d a e r a h p o r o u s y a n g d e k a t k e p e r m u k a a n b e t o n . H a r g a r a t a - r a t a R i n i d i s e b u t a n g k a p a n t u l .

4 . M e n e n t u k a n n i l a i k u a t t e k a n , h a r g a y a n g p a l i n g m u n g k i n ( a r a ) d a n h a r g a m i n i m u m (o"min) d a r i k u a t t e k a n k u b u s (cube compressive strength) d a l a m s a t u a n k g / c m 2

d i b e r i k a n d a l a m T a b e l 1 . N i l a i r a t a - r a t a R d i h i t u n g s a m p a i d e n g a n k e t e l i t i a n Yi s a t u a n s k a l a , s e d a n g k a n h a r g a c d i b u l a t k a n s a m p a i d e n g a n k g / c m 2 t e r d e k a t . U m u r b e t o n 1 4 s a m p a i 5 6 h a r i u n t u k p e r m u k a a n b e t o n y a n g h a l u s d a n k e r i n g .

T a b e l 1. N i l a i k u a t t e k a n k u b u s sebagai f u n g s i d a r i a n g k a p a n t u l (R)

Umur Beton R 14 sampai 56 hari 7 hari R

<7m a f f l

20 101 54 121 74 21 113 64 132 83 22 126 75 145 94 23 139 86 157 104 24 152 98 169 115 25 166 110 183 127 26 180 122 196 138 27 195 135 210 150 28 210 149 225 164 29 225 163 239 177 30 241 178 254 191 31 257 193 269 205 32 274 209 285 220 33 291 225 300 234 34 307 240 315 248 35 324 256 331 263 36 342 273 348 279 37 360 290 365 295 38 377 307 381 311 39 395 324 398 327 40 413 341 416 344 41 432 359 434 361 42 450 377 451 378 43 469 395 470 396 44 488 414 488 414 45 507 432 507 432 46 526 451 • 526 451 47 546 470 546 470 48 565 489 565 489 49 584 508 584 508 50 604 527 604 527 51 623 546 623 546 52 643 565 643 565 53 663 584 663 584 54 683 603 683 603 55 703 622 703 622

Catatan kuat tekan silinder = 0,85 x kuat tekan kubus

J u r n a l Transportasi J a t a n . V o l u m e O l N o . 1 J u n i 2 0 1 4 , 2 5 - 3 5 2 7

A p a b i l a b i d a n g y a n g d i p e r i k s a i t u m i r i n g a t a u d a t a r , m a k a h a s i l p e m b a c a a n h a r u s d i l a k u k a n k o r e k s i . B e s a r n y a k o r e k s i t e r h a d a p a n g k a p a n t u l R a t e r g a n t u n g p a d a b e s a r n y a s u d u t k e m i r i n g a n ( T a b e l 2 ) .

T a b e l 2 . K o r e k s i t e rhadap p e n u n j u k k a n p a l u p e n g u j i u n t u k a r a h t u m b u k a n y a n g t i d a k h o r i z o n t a l

K o r e k s i T u m b u k a n k g a t a s T u m b u k a n k e b a w a h

a ct = +90° a = +45" a = -45° a = -90" 10 _ +2,4 +3,2 20 -5,4 -3,5 +2,5 +3,2 30 -4,7 -3,1 +2,3 +3,1 40 -2,6 +2,0 +2,7 50 -3,1 -2,1 + 1.6 +2,2 60 -2,3 -1,6 + 1,3 +1,7

H a l - h a l y a n g h a r u s d i p e r h a t i k a n d a l a m p e n g u j i a n k u a t t e k a n b e t o n d e n g a n m e n g g u n a k a n p a l u u j i d i a n t a r a n y a : 1 . B i l a b e t o n t e r b u a t d a r i a g r e g a t y a n g t i d a k

k u a t , r i n g a n , a t a u m e m p u n y a i s i f a t m u d a h t e r b e l a h ( b a t u a p u n g , p e c a h a n b a t u b a t a , d a n s e b a g a i n y a ) m a k a k e k u a t a n y a n g d i p e r o l e h a k a n l e b i h k e c i l . A n g k a p a n t u l h a n y a t e r g a n t u n g p a d a k e k u a t a n d a r i a d u k a n .

2 . B i l a b e t o n d i b u a t d e n g a n j u m l a h p a s i r y a n g k u r a n g , d a n p e n g e r j a a n n y a k u r a n g s e m p u r n a , m a k a d a l a m b e t o n d a p a t t e r j a d i p o l a s a r a n g l e b a h {honeyeombing). P o l a i n i t i d a k n a m p a k d a r i l u a r , d a n d a p a t m e n u r u n k a n k e k u a t a n b e t o n s e m e n t a r a a n g k a p a n t u l a n n y a t i d a k b e r u b a h .

3 . D e n g a n m a k i n t u r u n n y a k u a l i t a s b e t o n , s e b a i k n y a h a r u s b e r h a t i - h a t i m a n a k a l a h a r g a a n g k a p a n t u l R d i b a w a h 3 0 . U n t u k k a s u s y a n g k r i t i s s e b a i k n y a j a n g a n h a n y a m e n g a n d a l k a n p e n g u j i a n d e n g a n a l a t p a l u b e t o n s a j a , t e t a p i j u g a h a r u s b e r p e g a n g p a d a s e k u r a n g - k u r a n g n y a , d u a a t a u t i g a k u b u s / s i l i n d e r y a n g d i a m b i l d a r i s t r u k t u r y a n g d i p e r i k s a .

L a n d a s a n u j i d i p a k a i u n t u k m e m e r i k s a b a i k t i d a k n y a p a l u p e n g u j i . L a n d a s a n u j i h a r u s d i l e t a k k a n d i a t a s p e n a h a n y a n g k o k o h . B a g i a n y a n g m e n e r i m a t u m b u k a n p e l u n c u r b a j a a d a l a h b i d a n g d a t a r h a s i l p e n g g e r i n d a a n .

P a d a p e r c o b a a n t u m b u k a n t e r h a d a p l a n d a s a n u j i , p e n u n j u k k a n p a l u T i p e N h a r u s d i a n t a r a 7 8 s a m p a i 8 2 . S e t i a p p a l u p e n g u j i h e n d a k n y a s e l a l u d i p e r i k s a d e n g a n l a n d a s a n u j i s e c a r a t e r a t u r .

B i l a p a d a l a n d a s a n u j i i t u d e n g a n p a n t u l ( R a ) m e n y i m p a n g s a m p a i l e b i h b e s a r d a r i n i l a i n o m i n a l 8 0 , m a k a a n g k a R y a n g d i d a p a t p a d a p e m e r i k s a a n b e t o n m e n j a d i t i d a k a k u r a t , d e n g a n p r o s e n t a s i k e t i d a k a k u r a t a n y a n g s e b a n d i n g . D a l a m h a l i n i p e n i l a i a n h a s i l p e n g u j i a n h a r u s d i t e n t u k a n d e n g a n r u m u s :

R = ̂ L™ ( D n R a

K e t e r a n g a n : n a d a l a h j u m l a h p e n g u k u r a n p a d a b e t o n R a a d a l a h a n g k a p a n t u l y a n g d i d a p a t p a d a p e m e r i k s a a n d e n g a n l a n d a s a n u j i .

R u m u s t e r s e b u t d a p a t d i p a k a i u n t u k n i l a i R a s a m p a i 7 2 . D i b a w a h R a

= 7 2 , i n s t r u m e n u k u r h a r u s d i b e r s i h k a n u n t u k k e m u d i a n d i k a l i b r a s i k e m b a l i .

K a l a u s e k i r a n y a t i d a k a d a l a n d a s a n u j i y a n g d a p a t d i p a k a i , m a k a t i a p p a l u p e n g u j i s e k u r a n g - k u r a n g n y a h a r u s d i p e r i k s a d e n g a n c a r a m e m b a n d i n g k a n n y a d e n g a n h a s i l p e m b a c a a n p a l u p e n g u j i y a n g b a r u d i - s t e l . P e n g u j i a n - p e n g u j i a n t u m b u k a n u n t u k t u j u a n m e m b a n d i n g k a n t e r s e b u t h e n d a k n y a d i l a k u k a n t e r h a d a p o b j e k y a n g p e r m u k a a n n y a s e k e r a s m u n g k i n . M i s a l n y a t e r h a d a p l a n d a s a n t e m p a t p a n d a i b e s i , a t a u t e r h a d a p b l o k a l a m y a n g h o m o g e n , k e r a s , d a n b e r a t d e n g a n p e r m u k a a n y a n g s u d a h d i g e r i n d a t e r l e b i h d a h u l u .

P e n g u j i a n c e p a t r a m b a t a t a u d i k e n a l d e n g a n Portable Ultrasomc D i g i t a l Jndicating Test ( P U N D I T ) m e r u p a k a n p e n g u j i a n t i d a k m e r u s a k y a n g b e r t u j u a n u n t u k m e m p e r k i r a k a n h o m o g e n i t a s b e t o n p a d a k o m p o n e n s t r u k t u r . M e t o d e p e n g u j i a n m e n g a c u p a d a S N I 0 3 -4 8 0 2 - 1 9 9 8 ( B S N I 9 9 8 a ) . P r i n s i p k e r j a p e n g u j i a n d e n g a n P U N D I T a d a l a h m e n g u b a h e n e r g i g e l o m b a n g l i s t r i k y a n g d i b a n g k i t k a n o l e h p e m b a n g k i t p u l s a transducer p e n g i r i m / transmiiter ( T ) m e n j a d i e n e r g i g e l o m b a n g m e k a n i k y a n g s e l a n j u t n y a m e r a m b a t p a d a b e t o n . S e t e l a h s a m p a i p a d a transducer p e n e r i m a / receiver ( R ) e n e r g i g e l o m b a n g t a d i

2 8 Tinjauan Hasil Uji Mutu Beton Jembatan dengan Alat Palu

Beton dan Pundit (N. RePw Seriali)

d i u b a h k e m b a l i m e n j a d i e n e r g i g e l o m b a n g l i s t r i k y a n g s e l a n j u t n y a m e l e w a t i p e n g u a t d a n a k h i r n y a d i h i t u n g / d i t a m p i l k a n d a l a m s a t u a n w a k t u t e m p u h . P e n g u k u r a n k e c e p a t a n r a m b a t g e l o m b a n g ultrasonic p a d a b e t o n d i n y a t a k a n d e n g a n p e r s a m a a n :

v = ± ( 2 ) r

K e t e r a n g a n : v = k e c e p a t a n r a m b a t g e l o m b a n g

ultrasonic ( k m / d e t i k ) L = j a r a k t e m p u h ( m m )

T = w a k t u t e m p u h g e l o m b a n g ultrasonic ( d e t i k )

P e n g u j i a n n i l a i k u a t t e k a n b e t o n s e l a i n d e n g a n a l a t p a l u b e t o n d a n P U N D I T , d a p a t j u g a d i l a k u k a n d e n g a n m e n g g u n a k a n a l a t Windsor Probe. A l a t i n i m e r u p a k a n s e b u a h a l a t t e m b a k y a n g d i d e s a i n k h u s u s u n t u k m e n e m b a k k a n s e b u a h b a t a n g b e s i {probe) s a m p a i m e n e m b u s k e d a l a m b e t o n . K e d a l a m a n p e n e t r a s i d a r i b a t a n g b e s i t e r s e b u t m e n g i n d i k a s i k a n n i l a i k e k u a t a n b e t o n y a n g d i u j i . M e t o d e i n i h a m p i r s a m a d e n g a n hammer test, y a n g m e m b e d a k a n a d a l a h g a y a impaet ( t u m b u k a n ) probe t e r h a d a p b e t o n l e b i h b e s a r d a r i p a d a phmger p a d a hammer test. ( h t t p : / / e p r i n t s . u n d i p . a c . i d / 3 4 3 4 5 / 7 / 2 1 7 8 _ C H A P T E R _ l l I . p d f , T u g a s A k h i r " P e r e n c a n a a n D e r m a g a B o n g k a r B a t u b a r a P L T U C i l a c a p " ) .

M E T O D O L O G I

M e t o d o l o g i y a n g d i l a k u k a n d a l a m p e n g u j i a n k u a t t e k a n d e n g a n c a r a n o n d e s t r u k t i f (Schmidt H a m m e r Test) i n i h a r u s m e m p e r h a t i k a n k e t e n t u a n - k e t e n t u a n d a n c a r a u j i y a n g b e n a r , p e n g u k u r a n n i l a i l e n t i n g d e n g a n a l a t p a l u b e t o n , d a n p e r k i r a a n b e s a r n y a k u a t t e k a n b e t o n p a d a s t r u k t u r b e r d a s a r k a n b e n d a u j i k u b u s a t a u s i l i n d e r . L a n g k a h -l a n g k a h p e r s i a p a n p e n g u j i a n y a n g h a r u s d i l a k u k a n a d a l a h :

1 . M e n e n t u k a n l o k a s i b i d a n g u j i p a d a e l e m e n s t r u k t u r y a n g a k a n d i p e r i k s a d a n d i b e r i t a n d a b a t a s y a n g j e l a s .

2 . M e m b e r s i h k a n p e r m u k a a n b i d a n g u j i d a r i p l e s t e r a n a t a u p e l a p i s p e l i n d u n g l a i n n y a .

3 . M e r a t a k a n p e r m u k a a n b i d a n g u j i d e n g a n g e r i n d a .

A r a h p u k u l a n p a d a s a t u l o k a s i b i d a n g u j i h a r u s s a m a . P a d a p e n g u j i a n d e n g a n a r a h p u k u l a n t i d a k h o r i s o n t a l , n i l a i l e n t i n g r a t a - r a t a h a r u s d i k o r e k s i d e n g a n n i l a i i n k l i n a s i s e s u a i d e n g a n p e t u n j u k p e n g g u n a a n a l a t p a l u u j i y a n g b e r s a n g k u t a n . K u a t t e k a n d i p e r k i r a k a n b e r d a s a r k a n n i l a i l e n t i n g a n y a n g d i p e r o l e h a t a u y a n g t e l a h d i k o r e k s i n i l a i i n k l i n a s i n y a d e n g a n m e n g g u n a k a n t a b e l a t a u k u r v a k o r e l a s i p a d a p e t u n j u k p e n g g u n a a n a l a t p a l u b e t o n y a n g d i p a k a i m e n g u j i .

M e t o d e u j i d e n g a n P U N D I T p a d a p r i n s i p n y a m e m a n f a a t k a n r a m b a t a n g e l o m b a n g p a d a m e d i u m t e r t e n t u ( d a l a m h a l i n i e l e m e n b e t o n ) . J i k a Schmidt H a m m e r b e r b a s i s a n a l o g d a n m e n g a n d a l k a n k i n e r j a m e k a n i s ( p a n t u l a n m a s s a ) , m a k a P U N D I T m e r u p a k a n p e r a l a t a n e l e k t r o n i s . C a r a k e r j a p e r a l a t a n i n i a d a l a h d e n g a n m e n e m p e l k a n u n i t s e n s o r k e p e r m u k a a n b e t o n , y a n g a k a n m e m a n c a r k a n g e l o m b a n g d a r i transmitter m e n u j u k e receiver. S a a t u n i t s e n s o r d i t e m p e l k a n k e p e r m u k a a n b e t o n , h a r u s t e r j a d i k o n t a k y a n g s e m p u r n a a n t a r a k e d u a n y a a g a r g e l o m b a n g b i s a m e r a m b a t s e m p u r n a . K a r e n a b e t o n d a n u n i t s e n s o r s a m a - s a m a b e r s i f a t p a d a t / k e r a s , m a k a k e m u n g k i n a n a k a n t e r d a p a t c e l a h / r o n g g a a n t a r a k e d u a n y a . O l e h s e b a b i t u d i g u n a k a n m e d i u m g e l ( m i s a l m e m a k a i grease/vasclin) y a n g n a n t i n y a m e n j a d i p e r a n t a r a d a n m e m a s t i k a n b a h w a t e r j a d i k o n t a k s e m p u r n a a n t a r a k e d u a b i d a n g p e r m u k a a n ( b e t o n d a n u n i t s e n s o r ) . S e d a n g k a n s i l i n d e r m e t a l / b e s i d i g u n a k a n u n t u k k a l i b r a s i a l a t s e b e l u m d i g u n a k a n d e n g a n m e m p e r t i m b a n g k a n s i f a t b e s i y a n g c e n d e r u n g h o m o g e n m a t e r i a l n y a .

P e n e m p a t a n u n i t s e n s o r b e r d a s a r k a n G a m b a r 2 t e r d i r i d a r i : a . D i r e c t ( u n i t s e n s o r p a d a p e r m u k a a n y a n g

s a l i n g b e r l a w a n a n .

Jumat Transportasi J a l a n . V o l u m e 0 1 N o . 1 J u n i 2 0 1 4 , 2 5 3 5 2 9

b . Semi-direct ( u n i t transmiter d a n receiver s a l i n g t e g a k l u r u s ) .

c. I n d i r e c t ( s e n s o r p a d a p e r m u k a a n y a n g s a m a ) .

v --c

C » - " i •y' V :

• v - ^ ' i * - •>?

G a m b a r 2 . P e n e m p a t a n u n i t s enso r

M e t o d e direct a d a l a h y a n g p a l i n g a k u r a t , - s e d a n g k a n m e t o d e l a i n a k a n m e m b u t u h k a n k o r e k s i .

D e n g a n m e n g e t a h u i j a r a k a n t a r a d u a u n i t s e n s o r t e r s e b u t ( y a n g m e m e n u h i b a t a s a n m i n i m u m ) d a n w a k t u r a m b a t g e l o m b a n g ( d a r i b a c a a n display), b i s a d i p e r o l e h k e c e p a t a n r a m b a t g e l o m b a n g p a d a b e t o n y a n g d i u j i / d i a m a t i .

P e m a n f a a t a n d a t a k e c e p a t a n r a m b a t g e l o m b a n g i n i b i s a b e r v a r i a s i . T u n t u t a n y a n g p a l i n g d i i n g i n k a n a d a l a h k o r e l a s i d e n g a n k e k u a t a n b e t o n ( n i l a i k u a t t e k a n ) . H a l l a i n , m a t e r i a l b e t o n b e r s i f a t h e t e r o g e n d a l a m s u d u t p a n d a n g m e d i u m p e r a m b a t a n , k a r e n a t e r d i r i d a r i k e r i k i l / a g r e g a t ( b i s a b e r v a r i a s i m a c a m d a n u k u r a n n y a ) d a n p a s t a s e m e n , s e l a i n i t u j u g a t e r g a n t u n g d a r i c a m p u r a n n y a . C a m p u r a n b e t o n y a n g s a t u d e n g a n l a i n n y a ( w a l a u p u n d e n g a n k u a t t e k a n r e l a t i f s a m a ) b e l u m t e n t u d a p a t m e n g h a s i l k a n b a c a a n y a n g s a m a , a p a l a g i j i k a m e m p e r t i m b a n g k a n f a k t o r k o n d i s i l i n g k u n g a n d a n u m u r b e t o n d i l a p a n g a n . F a k t o r l a i n a d a l a h a d a n y a p e n g a r u h t u l a n g a n ( m e d i u m r a m b a t a n g e l o m b a n g m e n j a d i b e r u b a h ) d a n a d a n y a r e t a k a n .

P a d a d a e r a h r e t a k a n g e l o m b a n g a k a n m e r a m b a t m e l a l u i u d a r a ( m e d i u m b e r b e d a ) , y a n g a k a n m e n g a k i b a t k a n p e r u b a h a n w a k t u t e m p u h d a n a k h i r n y a m e n g h a s i l k a n k e c e p a t a n r a m b a t y a n g b e r b e d a . D e n g a n m e m b a n d i n g k a n d e n g a n k e c e p a t a n r a m b a t d i l o k a s i t a n p a r e t a k a n , m a k a b i s a d i l o k a l i s i r t e m p a t y a n g

d i d u g a t e r d a p a t r e t a k a n , t e r m a s u k p u l a p e r k i r a a n k e d a l a m a n r e t a k a n .

M a k a l a h i n i a d a l a h t i n j a u a n h a s i l p e n g u j i a n k e k u a t a n b e t o n d e n g a n a l a t p a l u b e t o n (Schmidt Hammer) d a n a l a t k e c e p a t a n p u l s a ( P U N D I T ) . P e n g u j i a n k u a t t e k a n d i l a k u k a n p a d a s t r u k t u r p i l a r j e m b a t a n d a n k e p a l a j e m b a t a n . D a l a m p e n g u j i a n k u a t t e k a n d e n g a n m e n g g u n a k a n a l a t Schmidt H a m m e r d i a m b i l s e b a n y a k 3 0 t i t i k y a n g d i a n g g a p d a p a t m e w a k i l i k e k u a t a n p a d a p i l a r m a u p u n k e p a l a j e m b a t a n . H a s i l t e r s e b u t k e m u d i a n d i b a n d i n g k a n d e n g a n p e n g u j i a n k u a t t e k a n y a n g m e n g g u n a k a n a l a t k e c e p a t a n p u l s a ( P U N D I T ) . P e n g u j i a n k u a t t e k a n d e n g a n a l a t k e c e p a t a n p u l s a ( P U N D I T ) i n i d i a m b i l s e b a n y a k 2 0 t i t i k y a n g d i a n g g a p d a p a t m e w a k i l i p a d a s t r u k t u r y a n g a k a n d i u j i ( p i l a r d a n k e p a l a j e m b a t a n ) .

G a m b a r 3. P e n g u j i a n m u t u b e t o n dengan a l a t k e c e p a t a n p u l s a ( P U N D I T )

H A S I L D A N A N A L I S I S

H a s i l p e n g u j i a n k u a t t e k a n d e n g a n m e n g g u n a k a n a l a t Schmidt H a m m e r d a n k e c e p a t a n p u l s a p a d a s t r u k t u r p i l a r d a n k e p a l a j e m b a t a n d a p a t d i l i h a t d a l a m T a b e l 3 s a m p a i d e n g a n T a b e l 6 .

A n a l i s i s p e r h i t u n g a n u n t u k p e n g u j i a n k u a t t e k a n d e n g a n a l a t Schmidt H a m m e r p a d a s t r u k t u r p i l a r t e r d i r i d a r i b e b e r a p a t a h a p a n s e b a g a i b e r i k u t : L S e t e l a h d i p e r o l e h d a t a h a s i l l i m a k a l i

t u m b u k a n p a d a m a s i n g - m a s i n g t i t i k d i h i t u n g l a h n i l a i r a t a - r a t a n y a ( / ? - ) , d e n g a n

r u m u s :

30 Tinjauan Hasil Uji.Mutu Beton Jembatan dengan Alat Palu

Beton dan Pundit (N. Retno Seriali)

R - = • ( 3 )

K e t e r a n g a n : R. = n i l a i r a t a - r a t a a n g k a p a n t u l u n t u k

s e t i a p t i t i k

Y^R = j u m l a h a n g k a p a n t u l u n t u k s e t i a p

t i t i k 2 . U n t u k a r a h t u m b u k a n d e n g a n s u d u t o = 0°

( a r a h h o r i z o n t a l ) u n t u k m a s i n g - m a s i n g t i t i k a k a n d i p e r o l e h n i l a i f a k t o r k o r e k s i = 1 s e h i n g g a n i l a i p a n t u l y a n g d i a m b i l ( R ) u n t u k s e t i a p t i t i k a d a l a h n i l a i p a n t u l r a t a -r a t a n y a .

3 . B i l a n i l a i p a n t u l ( R ) y a n g d i p e r o l e h d a r i t a h a p a n 2 t e r s e b u t d i k o n v e r s i k a n k e d a l a m k u a t t e k a n k u b u s ( T a b e l 1 ) m a k a a k a n d i d a p a t m a s i n g - m a s i n g n i l a i k u a t t e k a n ( c i b ) u n t u k s e t i a p t i t i k .

4 . H i t u n g n i l a i r a t a - r a t a k u a t t e k a n ( a b n ] ) u n t u k s e m u a t i t i k d e n g a n r u m u s s e b a g a i b e r i k u t :

2 > .

N a d a l a h j u m l a h t i t i k 5 . H i t u n g s t a n d a r d e v i a s i ( s ) d e n g a n r u m u s

s e b a g a i b e r i k u t :

s = ( 5 )

( 4 )

tt-1 6 . U n t u k j u m l a h t i t i k n a d a l a h 3 0 , f a k t o r

k o r e k s i ( r ) t e r h a d a p s t a n d a r d e v i a s i ( s ) a d a l a h s a t u ( 1 ) s e h i n g g a d i p e r o l e h n i l a i k u a t t e k a n k a r a k t e r i s t i k b e t o n ( < r b k ) s e b a g a i b e r i k u t : Obk = o b m - ( r ) ( l , 6 4 ) ( s ) ( 6 ) U n t u k f a k t o r k o r e k s i ( r ) d i a m b i l = 1 a b k = r j b m - ( l , 6 4 ) ( s ) ( 7 )

7 . N i l a i k u a t t e k a n k a r a k t e r i s t i k b e t o n ( a b k ) y a n g d i d a p a t d a r i t a h a p a n 6 t e r s e b u t k e m u d i a n d i b a n d i n g k a n t e r h a d a p n i l a i p e n g u j i a n k u a t t e k a n y a n g m e n g g u n a k a n a l a t k e c e p a t a n p u l s a ( P U N D I T ) .

S e s u a i d a t a D i a g r a m n i l a i k u a t t e k a n b e t o n d e n g a n a l a t p a l u b e t o n p a d a s t r u k t u r p i l a r j e m b a t a n p a d a T a b e l 3 d i s a j i k a n j u g a d a l a m b e n t u k d i a g r a m , y a i t u s e p e r t i d i s a j i k a n p a d a G a m b a r 4 .

K e t e r a n g a n : O b m a d a l a h n i l a i r a t a - r a t a k u a t t e k a n b e t o n JVA a d a l a h j u m l a h n i l a i k u a t t e k a n

T a b e l 3 . H a s i l p e n g u j i a n p i l a r j e m b a t a n d e n g a n a l a t Schmidt Hammer

T V o . 1

A n R k 2

a P a n t u l

3 4 5 — r a t a - r a ( H

f » M u r k < i r f k s i

N i l a i P a n U i l

° b k e / c m 2 k e / c m 1

< O f e - < W > J

1 3 8 3 8 3 8 3 8 3 8 3 B . ( M l 1 3 8 . 0 0 3 7 7 . 0 0 3 . 2 6 1 4 1 . 6 3 2 4 f t 3 9 4 0 3 9 3 9 3 9 . 4 0 1 3 9 . 4 0 3 9 9 . 7 7 2 6 . 0 3 6 7 7 . 7 1 3 3 6 4 0 4 0 3 8 4 0 3 8 . 8 0 ] 3 S . K O 3 8 9 . 0 2 1 5 . 2 8 2 3 3 . 3 8 4 3 6 3 6 3!» 3 6 3 7 3 6 . 8 0 1 3 6 - 8 0 3 5 3 . 6 1 - 2 0 . 1 3 4 0 5 . 1 3 S 3 6 3 4 3 4 3 8 3 6 3 5 . 6 O 1 3 5 . 6 0 3 3 2 . 7 3 - 4 1 . m 1 6 8 1 . 9 2 6 3 8 3 8 4 0 4 0 4 0 3 9 . 2 0 1 3 9 . 2 0 3 9 6 . 1 8 2 2 . 4 4 5 0 3 . 5 9 7 3 6 3 8 3 7 3 7 3 6 3 6 . S O 1 3 6 . H O 3 5 3 . 6 1 - 2 0 . 1 3 4 0 5 . 1 3 8 4 0 3 8 3 6 3 8 4 0 3 8 . 4 » 1 3 8 . 4 0 3 8 1 . 8 8 8 . 1 4 6 6 . 2 5 9 3 6 3 6 3 6 3 8 4 0 3 7 . 2 0 1 3 7 . 2 0 3 6 0 . 6 4 - 1 3 . 1 0 1 7 1 . 7 3

l O 3 6 3 K 3 8 3 6 3 8 3 7 . 2 0 1 3 7 . 2 0 3 6 0 . 6 4 - 1 3 . 1 O 1 7 1 . 7 3 1 1 4 0 3 8 3 8 4 0 4 8 4 0 . K O 1 4 0 . 8 0 4 2 5 . 0 9 5 1 . 3 5 2 6 3 7 . 1 3 1 2 3 6 3 8 3 6 3 6 4 < l 3 7 . 2 0 1 3 7 . 2 0 3 6 0 . 6 4 - 1 3 . 1 0 1 7 1 . 7 3 1 3 3 5 3 5 3 5 3 6 3 8 3 5 . 8 < l • 3 5 . 8 0 3 3 6 . 1 9 - 3 7 . 5 5 1 4 1 0 . 0 3 1 4 3 7 3 8 4 0 3 6 3 8 3 7 . 8 0 1 3 7 . 8 0 3 7 1 . 2 3 - 2 . 5 1 6 . 3 2 1 5 3 7 3 6 3 7 3 R 4 0 3 7 . 6 0 1 3 7 . 6 0 3 6 7 . 6 9 - 6 . 0 5 3 6 . 6 3 I 6 3 6 3 7 4 0 4 2 3 6 3 8 . 2 0 I 3 8 . 2 0 3 7 8 . 3 2 4 . 5 8 2 0 . 9 9 1 7 3 8 3 8 3 9 4 2 3 9 3 9 . 2 0 1 3 9 . 2 0 3 9 6 . 1 8 2 2 . 4 4 5 0 3 . 5 9 1 8 4 0 4 1 3 8 3 8 3 6 3 8 . 6 0 1 3 S . G O 3 8 5 . 4 4 1 1 . 7 1 1 1 3 7 . 0 0 1 9 3 6 3 6 3 8 4 1 4 0 3 8 . 2 0 1 3 8 . 2 0 3 7 8 . 3 2 4 . 5 8 2 0 . 9 9

2 0 3 8 3*» 3 9 4 2 3 9 3 9 . 4 0 1 3 9 . 4 1 ) 3 9 9 . 7 7 2 6 . 0 3 6 7 7 . 7 1 2 1 4 2 3 8 4 0 3 6 3 6 3 8 . 4 0 1 3 8 . 4 0 3 8 1 . 8 8 8 . 1 4 6 6 . 2 5 2 2 3 6 3 6 4 1 4 0 3 8 3 S . 2 0 1 3 8 . 2 1 ) 3 7 8 . 3 2 4 . 5 8 2 0 . 9 9 2 . 1 3 6 3 6 3 8 4 0 3 9 3 7 . 8 0 1 3 7 - S O 3 7 1 . 2 3 - 2 . 5 1 6 . 3 2 2 4 3 9 3*» 3 6 3 6 4 0 3 H . O O 1 3 K . I I » 3 7 7 . 0 0 3 . 2 6 1 0 . 6 3 2 5 3 6 3 7 3 6 3 S 4 0 3 6 . 8 0 1 3 6 . 8 0 3 5 3 . 6 1 - 2 0 . 1 3 4 < 1 5 . 1 3 2 6 3 6 3 6 4 0 3 6 3 9 3 7 . 4 0 ] 3 7 . 4 0 3 6 4 . 1 6 - 9 . S S 9 1 . 8 2 2 7 3 9 4 0 4 0 3 9 4 0 3 9 . 6 0 1 3 9 . 6 0 4 0 3 . 3 7 2 9 . 6 3 S 7 R . 0 1 2 8 4 0 4 0 3 6 3 6 3 9 3 8 . 2 0 1 3 8 . 2 0 3 7 8 . 3 2 4 . 5 8 2 0 . 9 9 2 9 3 6 3 6 3 6 3 8 3 8 3 6 . 8 0 1 3 6 . 8 0 3 5 3 . 6 1 - 2 0 . 1 3 4 0 5 . 1 3 3 0 3 6 3 6 3 6 3 6 3 8 3 6 . 4 0 1 3 6 . 4 n 3 4 6 . 6 2 - 2 7 . 1 2 7 3 5 . 5 2

• l u m l a h 1 1 2 1 2 . 0 6 1 2 5 9 0 . 1 4

J u r n a l Transportasi J a l a n . V o l u m e 0 1 N o . 1 J u n i 2 0 1 4 , 2 5 - 3 5 31

Kuat Tekan ( k g f c m 2 )

4 5 0 . 0 0 T

4 0 0 . 0 0

3 5 0 . 0 0

3 0 0 . 0 0

2 5 0 . 0 0

2 0 0 . 0 0

1 5 0 . 0 0

1 0 0 . 0 0

5 0 . 0 0

0 . 0 0

IIIIIIIIIIIIII IIII i n i I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I h i u in i i i i i i i in i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i

I i i i i i i i I I I I I I I I I I

i i i i i i i i in i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i G a m b a r 4 . D i a g r a m n i l a i k u a t t e k a n b e t o n d e n g a n a l a t p a l u b e t o n p a d a s t r u k t u r p i l a r j e m b a t a n

B e r d a s a r k a n d a t a p a d a T a b e l 3 d a n m e n g g u n a k a n P e r s a m a a n 4 d i p e r o l e h n i l a i O b . m s e b e s a r 3 7 3 , 7 4 k g / c m 2 , s t a n d a r d e v i a s i ( s ) s e s u a i P e r s a m a a n 5 a d a l a h s e b e s a r 2 0 , 8 4 d a n k u a t t e k a n k a r a k t e r i s t i k b e t o n ( a b k ) s e s u a i P e r s a m a a n 6 a d a l a h s e b e s a r 3 3 9 , 5 6 k g / c m 2 .

H a s i l p e n g u j i a n d e n g a n m e n g g u n a k a n a l a t P U N D I T d a p a t d i l i h a t p a d a T a b e l 4 . B e r d a s a r k a n T a b e l 4 d i p e r o l e h n i l a i V r =

T a b e l 4 . H a s i l p e m e r i k s a a n k e c e p a t a n r a m b a t d e n g a n a l a t P U N D I T p a d a s t r u k t u r p i l a r j e m b a t a n

X N / n , y a i t u s e b e s a r 4 , 1 1 k m / s > 4 k m / s , s e h i n g g a a b = ( 3 0 0 - 3 5 0 ) k g / c m 2

H a s i l p e n g u j i a n k u a t t e k a n d e n g a n a l a t p a l u b e t o n d a n P U N D I T u n t u k s t r u k t u r k e p a l a j e m b a t a n , d a p a t d i l i h a t p a d a T a b e l 5 d a n G a m b a r 5 .

N o .

T i t i k

J a r a k

R a m b a t ( S )

( m m )

W a k t u

R a m b a t ( T )

( o s e t )

T i p e

C a r a

T e s

F a k t o r

K o r e k s i

W a k t u r a m b a t s e l e l a h d i k o r e k s i ( T )

( o s e t )

K e c . R a m b a t ( V ) s t e l a h d i k o r e k s i

( K m / S )

1 645.00 156.30 L 1.00 156.30 4.13 2 645.00 158.10 L 1.00 153.10 4.0S 3 645.00 163.40 L 1.00 163.40 3.95 4 645.00 158.10 L 1.00 158.10 4.08 5 645.00 150.50 L 1.00 150.50 4.29 6 645.00 152.50 L 1.00 152.50 4.23 7 645.00 156.50 L 1.00 156.50 4.12 8 645.00 159.20 L 1.00 159.20 4.05 9 645.00 159.40 L 1.00 159.40 4.05 10 645.00 157.80 L 1.00 157.80 4.09 11 1600.00 395.30 L 1.00 395.30 4.05 12 1600.00 393.90 L 1.00 393.90 4.06 13 1600.00 390.70 L 1.00 390.70 4.10 14 1600.00 387.40 L 1.00 387.40 4.13 15 1600.00 384.70 L 1.00 384.70 4.16 16 1600.00 376.20 L 1.00 376.20 4.25 17 1600.00 391.50 L 1.00 391.50 4.09 18 1600.00 387.00 L 1.00 387.00 4.13 19 1600.00 383.20 L 1.00 3S3.20 4.18 20 1600.00 391.30 L 1.00 391.30 4.09

j u m l a h E N = 82.29 K e t e r a n g a n : L a d a l a h ca ra l a n g s u n g

32 Tinjauan Hasil Uji Mutu Beton Jembatan dengan Alat Palu

Beton dan Pundit (N. Reina Seliati)

T a b e l 5 . H a s i l p e n g u j i a n k e p a l a j e m b a t a n d e n g a n a l a t p a l u b e t o n

N o . A n g k a P a n t u l f a k t o r

r a t a - r a t a . , . k o r e k s i

Nilai ° b Ob-°bm ( O b - C W > 2

N o . 1 2 3 4 5

f a k t o r r a t a - r a t a . , .

k o r e k s i P a n t u l k g / c m 2 k g / c m 2

1 34 37 31 30 34 33.2 1 33.20 291.88 -30.49 929.66 2 36 38 39 32 37 36.4 1 36.40 346.62 24.25 588.04 3 30 34 36 38 38 35.2 1 35.20 325.83 3.46 11.99 4 44 35 40 41 38 39.6 1 39.60 403.37 81.00 6561.19 5 44 38 39 38 38 39.4 1 39.40 399.77 77.40 5991.19 6 40 40 38 39 39 39.2 1 39.20 396.18 73.81 5448.05 7 36 34 33 34 35 34.4 1 34.40 312.14 -10.23 104.60 S 39 38 32 30 32 34.2 1 34.20 308.74 -13.63 185.71 9 37 35 32 34 30 33.6 1 33.60 298.60 -23.77 565.18 10 36 34 35 36 32 34.6 1 34.60 315.55 -6.82 46.49 n 32 30 32 37 34 33.0 1 33.00 291.00 -3137 984.08 12 35 33 36 34 35 34.6 1 34.60 315.55 -6.82 46.49 13 34 33 34 32 33 33.2 1 33.20 291.88 -30.49 929.66 14 32 34 35 32 35 33.6 1 33.60 298.60 -23.77 565.18 15 34 36 37 36 35 35.6 1 35.60 332.73 1036 10730 16 30 32 34 30 32 31.6 1 31.60 265.42 -56.95 3243.76 17 36 39 36 36 34 36.2 1 36.20 343.13 20.76 431.18 18 36 34 30 30 30 32.0 1 32.00 274.00 -4837 2339.66 19 30 32 34 34 32 32.4 1 32.40 278.56 -43.81 1918.89 20 34 34 34 36 36 34.8 1 34.80 318.97 -3.40 11.56 21 40 40 40 38 30 37.6 1 37.60 367.69 4532 2053.72 22 36 38 36 36 30 35.2 1 35.20 325.83 3.46 11.99 23 38 35 34 36 36 35.8 1 35.80 336.19 13.82 190.97 24 30 32 33 33 34 32.4 1 32.40 278.56 ^»3.81 1918.89 25 38 34 32 32 36 34.4 1 34.40 312.14 -10.23 104.60 26 34 35 34 36 35 34.8 1 34.80 318.97 -3.40 11.56 27 30 32 34 37 36 33.8 1 33.80 301.97 -20.40 416.20 28 41 40 44 39 39 40.6 1 40.60 421.46 99.09 9818.31 29 32 32 34 33 34 33.0 1 33.00 291.00 -31.37 984.08 30 32 33 33 38 38 34.2 1 34.20 308.74 -13.63 185.71

Jumlah 9671.09 46705.88

Kuat Tekan (kgfcmZ)

4 5 0 . 0 0

4 0 0 . 0 0

3 5 0 . 0 0

3 0 0 . 0 0

2 5 0 . 0 0

2 0 0 . 0 0

1 5 0 . 0 0

1 0 0 . 0 0

5 0 . 0 0

0 . 0 0

i i i i i i i i inn inni i i in i im IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII I I I I IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII i i i immi i i i i i imimimi i IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII I I I I IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII G a m b a r 5 . D i a g r a m n i l a i k u a t t e k a n b e t o n d e n g a n a l a t p a l u b e t o n p a d a s t r u k t u r k e p a l a j e m b a t a n

J u r n a l Transportasi J a l a n . V o l u m e 0 1 N o . I J u n i 2 0 1 4 , 2 5 - 3 5

B e r d a s a r k a n T a b e l 5 d i p e r o l e h n i l a i a b m

s e b e s a r 3 2 2 , 3 7 k g / c m 2 , s t a n d a r d e v i a s i ( s ) a d a l a h s e b e s a r 4 0 , 1 3 d a n k u a t t e k a n k a r a k t e r i s t i k b e t o n ( o b k ) a d a l a h s e b e s a r 2 5 6 , 5 5 k g / c m 2 .

H a s i l p e n g u j i a n d e n g a n m e n g g u n a k a n a l a t P U N D I T p a d a k e p a l a j e m b a t a n d a p a t

d i l i h a t p a d a T a b e l 6 . B e r d a s a r k a n T a b e l 6 d i p e r o l e h n i l a i V r = Z N / n , y a i t u s e b e s a r 3 , 8 9 k m / s < 4 k m / s , s e h i n g g a a b = ( 2 5 0 - 3 0 0 ) k g / c m 2 .

T a b e l 6 . H a s i l p e n g u j i a n k e p a l a j e m b a t a n d e n g a n a l a t P U N D I T

N o . | a r a k W a k t u T i p e F a k t o r W a k t u r a m b a t K e c . R a m b a t ( V )

T i t i k R a m b a t ( S ) R a m b a t ( T ) C a r a K o r e k s i s e t e l a h d i k o r e k s i ( T ) s i e l a h d i k o r e k s i

( m m ) ( - s e c ) T « ( - s e t ) ( K m / S )

1 600.00 276.40 TL 0.80 2 600.00 311.20 T L 0.63 3 600.00 244.70 Tl 0.63 4 600.00 219.30 TL 0.63 5 600.00 308.10 T L 0.63 6 600.00 277.40 T L 0.63 7 600.00 199.30 T L 0.63 8 600.00 250.10 T L 0.63 9 600.00 285.50 T L 0.63 10 600.00 319.90 Tl 0.63 11 600.00 228.90 T L 0.63 12 600.00 267.80 T L 0.63 13 600.00 215.90 T L 0.63 14 600.00 222.30 T L 0.63 15 600.00 237.20 T L 0.63 16 600.00 198.70 T L 0.63 17 600.00 226.30 TI 0.63 18 600.00 211,70 T L 0.63 19 600.00 191.50 TL 0.63 20 600 00 281.20 TL 0.63

A n a l i s i s p e r h i t u n g a n h a s i l p e n g u j i a n d e n g a n m e n g g u n a k a n k e c e p a t a n p u l s a ( P U N D I T ) d i l a k u k a n d e n g a n t i p e c a r a l a n g s u n g ( n i l a i f a k t o r k o r e k s i u n t u k t i p e i n i a d a l a h 1 ) . S e t e l a h d a t a d i p e r o l e h , k e c e p a t a n r a m b a t r a t a - r a t a ( v - ) d a p a t d i h i t u n g d e n g a n

r u m u s :

n K e t e r a n g a n : v - = k e c e p a t a n r a m b a t r a t a - r a t a

( k m / d e t i k ) J \ = j u m l a h k e c e p a t a n r a m b a t s e m u a

t i t i k s e t e l a h d i k a l i k a n d e n g a n f a k t o r k o r e k s i

n = a d a l a h j u m l a h t i t i k

221.12 2.71 196.06 3.06 154.16 3.89 138.16 4.34 194.10 3.09 174.76 3.43 125.56 4.78 157.56 3.81 179.87 3.34 201.54 2.98 144.21 4.16 168.71 3.56 136.02 4.41 140.05 4.28 149.44 4.02 125.18 4.79 142.57 4.21 133.37 4.50 120.65 4.97 177.16 3.39

jumlah EN - 77.72

C a t a t a n : a . J i k a v - < 4 k m / d e t i k m a k a

2 5 0 k g / c m 3 < ( T b k < 3 0 0 k g / c m 2

b . J i k a v > 4 k m / d e t i k m a k a

3 0 0 k g / c m 2 < 0 b k < 3 5 0 k g / c m 2

A n a l i s i s p e r h i t u n g a n y a n g s a m a j u g a d i l a k u k a n u n t u k p e n g u j i a n k u a t t e k a n b e t o n p a d a s t r u k t u r k e p a l a j e m b a t a n .

P E M B A H A S A N

B e r d a s a r k a n h a s i l a n a l i s i s s t a t i s t i k ( S e t i a w a n 2 0 0 8 ) d i p e r o l e h h a s i l s e p e r t i d i s a j i k a n p a d a T a b e l 3 s a m p a i d e n g a n T a b e l 6 .

34 Tinjauan Hasil Uji Mutu Beton Jembatan Dengan Alat Palu

Beton Dan Pundit (N. Retno Setiali)

B e r d a s a r k a n d a t a h a s i l a n a l i s i s t e r s e b u t , m e n u n j u k k a n b a h w a n i l a i k u a t t e k a n s t r u k t u r p i l a r d e n g a n m e n g g u n a k a n a l a t p a l u b e t o n s e b e s a r 3 3 9 , 5 6 k g / c m 2 d a n h a s i l P U N D I T n i l a i k u a t t e k a n b e r a d a p a d a r e n t a n g ( 3 0 0 - 3 5 0 ) k g / c m 2 . H a l i n i m e n u n j u k k a n n i l a i k u a t t e k a n b e t o n e k s i s t i n g d a r i h a s i l u j i d e n g a n m e n g g u n a k a n p a l u b e t o n a d a l a h i d e n t i k d e n g a n h a s i l y a n g d i p e r o l e h d a r i a l a t P U N D I T , d i m a n a n i l a i 3 3 9 , 5 6 k g / c m 2 b e r a d a p a d a r e n t a n g ( 3 0 0 - 3 5 0 ) k g / c m 2 . P a d a k e p a l a j e m b a t a n , n i l a i k u a t t e k a n b e t o n d e n g a n a l a t p a l u b e t o n a d a l a h 2 5 6 , 5 5 k g / c m " , s e d a n g k a n d e n g a n a l a t P U N D I T b e r a d a p a d a r e n t a n g ( 2 5 0 - 3 0 0 ) k g / c m 2 . H a l i n i j u g a m e n u n j u k k a n b a h w a n i l a i k u a t t e k a n d a r i h a s i l u j i d e n g a n m e n g g u n a k a n p a l u b e t o n i d e n t i k d e n g a n h a s i l d a r i P U N D I T . N i l a i 2 5 6 , 5 5 k g / c m 2 b e r a d a p a d a r e n t a n g ( 2 5 0 - 3 0 0 ) k g / c m 2 .

K E S I M P U L A N D A N S A R A N

K e s i m p u l a n B e r d a s a r k a n h a s i l e v a l u a s i d a n

p e m b a h a s a n , n i l a i k u a t t e k a n b e t o n e k s i s t i n g d e n g a n m e n g g u n a k a n p a l u b e t o n a d a i a h i d e n t i k d e n g a n m e n g g u n a k a n a l a t P U N D I T . N i l a i k u a t t e k a n p a d a s t r u k t u r p i l a r d e n g a n m e n g g u n a k a n p a l u b e t o n a d a l a h 3 3 9 , 5 6 k g / c m 2 b e r a d a p a d a r e n t a n g ( 3 0 0 - 3 5 0 ) k g / c m 2 , d a n p a d a s t r u k t u r k e p a l a j e m b a t a n n i l a i k u a t t e k a n d a r i p a l u b e t o n s e b e s a r 2 5 6 , 5 5 k g / c m 2

b e r a d a p a d a r e n t a n g n i l a i k u a t t e k a n h a s i l p e n g u j i a n P U N D I T ( 2 5 0 - 3 0 0 ) k g / c m 2 .

P e n g u j i a n k u a t t e k a n d e n g a n m e n g g u n a k a n a l a t p a l u b e t o n h a n y a d a p a t d i l a k u k a n p a d a p e r m u k a a n s t r u k t u r b e t o n ,

a r t i n y a n i l a i k u a t t e k a n t e r s e b u t t i d a k m e n c e r m i k a n n i l a i k u a t t e k a n b e t o n s e c a r a u t u h .

P e n g u j i a n k u a t t e k a n d e n g a n m e n g g u n a k a n a l a t P U N D I T d a p a t d i g u n a k a n s e b a g a i v a l i d a s i d a r i n i l a i k u a t t e k a n y a n g d i h a s i l k a n d e n g a n m e n g g u n a k a n a l a t p a l u b e t o n .

S a r a n H a s i l p e n g u j i a n k u a t t e k a n d e n g a n

m e n g g u n a k a n a l a t p a l u b e t o n d a n P U N D I T p e r l u d i b a n d i n g k a n d e n g a n h a s i l p e n g u j i a n k u a t t e k a n l a i n d e n g a n m e n g g u n a k a n a l a t Windsor Probe.

D A F T A R P U S T A K A

A . M . N e v i l l e . 1 9 9 5 . Properties of Concrete , F o u r t h E d i t i o n . L o n d o n : L o n g m a n a n d J o h n W i l e y .

N g a i n u n i ' m a h a n d N i ' m a h , Z a k i a h . P e r e n c a n a a n D e r m a g a B o n g k a r B a t u b a r a P L T U C i l a c a p . h t t p : / / c p r i n t s . u n d i p . a c . i d / 3 4 3 4 5 / 7 / 2 1 7 8 _ C H A P T E R _ I I I . p d f . A c c e s s e d D c c c m b e r , H ' " 2 0 1 3 .

B a d a n S t a n d a r d i s a s i N a s i o n a l . 1 9 9 7 . Metode P e n g u j i a n E l e m e n Stniktur Beton dengan A l a t P a l u Beton Tipe N dan NR , S N I 0 3 -4 4 3 0 - 1 9 9 7 . J aka r t a : B S N .

. 1 9 9 8 a . Metode Kecepatan Pulsa Melalui Beton, S N I 0 3 - 4 8 0 2 - 1 9 9 8 . J a k a r t a : B S N .

. 1 9 9 8 b . Metode A n g k a P a n t u l Beton Yang Sudah M e n g e r a s . S N I 0 3 4 8 0 3 1 9 9 8 . J a k a r t a : B S N .

S e t i a w a n , P e r m a n a P . 2 0 0 8 . Pengantar Statistik, J R 1 1 3 . B a n d u n g : U P I .

J u r n a l Transportasi J a l a n . V o l u m e 0 1 N o . 1 J u n i 2 0 1 4 , 2 5 - 35 35