soil Investigation of Alsheikh Alamin road in Khartoum

الرحمن الرحيم اهبسم

University of Khartoum Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Department P. O. Box 321, P. Code 11111, Khartoum, Sudan Tel. 0249-11-771577 E-mail: [email protected]

سودان –خرطوم 321ص ب قسم الهندسة المدنية لهندسة كلية ا جامعة الخرطوم 771577تلفون:

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mailto:[email protected]

Soil Investigation for Alshaikh By Dr. Magdi Zumrawi

Alamin Road in Eastern Nile University of Khartoum

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بسم اه الرمن الرحيمبسم اه الرمن الرحيم

CCOONNTTEENNTTSS

Page No.

1. Introduction……....….…....…...….....……….…………………….2

2. Project Description …........……..….........………………………...3

3. Field Work ……......….………..........……….……………..……...3

4. Laboratory Testing….............................................…………….…..5

5. Tests Results ...……......…………………...………………………6

6. Conclusion & Recommendations .………………………………...8

7. Appendices.………..………..….......……….....…..……….……...9



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11.. IInnttrroodduuccttiioonn

This is a detailed soil investigation report that presents the

results of the field and the laboratory investigations that carried out

for the proposed road's subgrade of Alshaikh Alamin − Wadabu Salih

− Abu Dlaig in Eastern Nile. The investigation of this road project

was requested by the consultant, Perfection Engineering Company.

The field investigation was comprised of excavating pitholes to

one meter depth. The laboratory tests were performed on the soil

samples obtained from the excavated pitholes. The field work and

laboratory testing were carried out to provide the subgrade soil

physical properties, soil classification, bearing strength and any other

basic engineering properties required for pavement design of the

proposed road.

The field work was carried out in July 2013 and the laboratory

testing followed. This report presents the results of the investigation

together with the recommendations necessary for pavement design.



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22.. PPrroojjeecctt DDeessccrriippttiioonn

The project is the proposed road of Alshaikh Alamin − Wadabu

Salih − Abu Dlaig in Eastern Nile. This road length is about 141 km

and will connect three villages of Alshaikh Alamin, Wadabu Salih

and Abu Dlaig in Eastern Nile. A graphically layout of the route

alignment is given in Fig. (1).

33.. FFiieelldd WWoorrkk

The field work was comprised of excavating pitholes in the

road's subgrade and taking disturbed soil samples. On basis of the

road length, the location and number of pitholes were decided. Thus it

seems excavating twenty one pitholes at different locations will be

satisfied for this road of 141 km length.

66..33..11 EExxccaavvaattiinngg PPiitthhoolleess

The field work was started with excavating pitholes along the

route alignment within the roadway width at left hand side (L.H.S),

right hand side (R.H.S.) or road center line (C.L) to have an idea

about the subgrade soil profile and uniformity or not of the soil.

twenty one pitholes were excavated at the locations of the proposed

road to cover the site areas. The pitholes were excavated manually by

simple excavation equipment to one meter depth. Disturbed soil

samples were taken from the pitholes. These soil samples were kept in

plastic bags, labeled and transported to the laboratory for visual

inspection and testing.



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Figure (1): layout of Alshaikh Alamin − Wadabu Salih –

Abu Dlaig Road in Eastern Nile.



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44.. LLaabboorraattoorryy TTeessttiinngg

The Laboratory investigation was comprised of

performing certain tests on the disturbed soil samples obtained from

the excavated pitholes. The soil samples were taken at one meter

depth of the pitholes. The testing procedures followed were in general

conformance with those recommended in BS 1377 and the soils were

classified according to the Unified System for Classifying Soils

(USCS). The laboratory tests performed included the following:-

– Atterberg Limits tests

– Sieve analysis test

– Compaction test

– Soaked CBR test.

44..11 AAtttteerrbbeerrgg LLiimmiittss TTeessttss

The tests performed were the liquid limit (LL) and the plastic

limit (PL) tests. These tests were carried out on disturbed soil samples

passing sieve #40 (0.425mm). The soil samples tested and the results

obtained are given in Appendix (A).

44..22 SSiieevvee AAnnaallyyssiiss TTeesstt

These tests were carried out on representative soil samples taken

from the pitholes. The wet sieve analysis tests were performed on

some soils samples and the results of these tests are given in the table

of Appendix (A) and shown graphically in Appendix (B).

Figure (1): layout of Alshaikh Alamin Road in Eastern Nile

ROAD (3)



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44--33 CCoommppaaccttiioonn TTeesstt

This test was carried out using disturbed soil samples. The test

was carried out to determine the maximum dry density and optimum

moisture content for soils tested. The soils samples were subjected to

standard compaction. The tests results are given in Appendix (C).

44..44 SSooaakkeedd CCBBRR TTeesstt

The test was carried out to determine the soil strength for tested

soil samples. The samples were tested according to the BS 1377. The

soils samples were compacted at optimum moisture content and

maximum dry density as obtained by applying 27 blows as specified

in BS testing procedure. The compacted soil samples were then

subjected to soaking for four days. After completion of the soaking

period, the penetration test was carried out. The tests results are

displayed in Appendix (D).

55.. TTeessttss RReessuullttss

The laboratory tests performed for the samples taken from the

twenty one pitholes excavated at different locations of the proposed

road, 141km length. The results obtained are presented in Table (1) of

Appendix (A). On basis of the subgrade soil classification and the

engineering properties obtained, the road can be divided into three

main sections as follows:



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11.. RRooaadd SSeeccttiioonn ((AA))

This section is located at chainage 1+000 to 10+000 and

chainage 30+000 to 45+000. The road length of this section is about

25 km. A general subgrade soil encountered was stiff clayey Sand

(SC) of low plasticity. The subgrade soil strength (CBR) obtained is

medium 8% to 12%. The subgrade is classified as fair subgrade.

22.. RRooaadd SSeeccttiioonn ((BB))

The length of this road section is nearly 40 km and is located at

chainage 10+000 to 30+000 and chainage 45+000 to 65+000. The

subgrade soil encountered is clayey or silty Gravel of low plasticity.

The subgrade strength, CBR = 20% to 50%. The subgrade in this

section is classified as very good subgrade.

33.. RRooaadd SSeeccttiioonn ((CC))

Most of the road is located in this section at chainage 65+000 to

141+000. The road length in this section is about 76 km. The

subgrade soil encountered is silty or sandy Clay of low plasticity. The

subgrade CBR is very low 3% to 6%. Therefore the subgrade is

classified as weak subgrade.



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66.. CCoonncclluussiioonn aanndd RReeccoommmmeennddaattiioonnss

The report summarizes the results of the field and laboratory

investigations performed for the proposed road of Alshaikh Alamin −

Wadabu Salih − Abu Dlaig in Eastern Nile. Twenty one pitholes with

one meter depth were excavated and disturbed soil samples were

taken. The laboratory tests were performed to measure the subgrade

soil properties and classification.

On basis of the subgrade soil classification and the engineering

properties obtained, the road can be divided into three sections as:

1. Road Section (A): is located at Km 1 to 10 & Km 30 to 45 (about

25km length), fair subgrade, clayey Sand of low plasticity, CBR =

8% to 12%.

2. Road Section (B): is located at Km 10 to 30 & Km 45 to 65 (about

40km length), very good subgrade, clayey or silty Gravel of low

plasticity, CBR = 20% to 50%.

3. Road Section (C): is located at Km 65 to 141(about 76km length),

very weak subgrade, silty or sandy Clay of low plasticity, CBR =

3% to 6%.



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AAppppeennddiixx ((AA))

Summary of Tests Results



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AAppppeennddiixx ((BB))

Grain Size Distribution



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AAppppeennddiixx ((CC))

Compaction Tests Results



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AAppppeennddiixx ((DD))

CBR Tests Results



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soil Investigation of Alsheikh Alamin road in Khartoum

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