..

PRE S S STAT P.f.TE_ T BY THE PRIEE fliiNI STER, DR. II.:!!'. Vl'~R\10ERD

FOR R .LEASE : After midnight, Tuesday, JULY 28, 1964.

Reuter reports in South Africa refer to an officia l reply on behalf of the British Government in Parliament to a question

the put by a member of the Labour Party. In ;-eply mention is made of a message delivered to the ~outh African Government by the British Ambassador in :)outh Africa the purpose of which was to influence the 'outh African Gov er nment to mitigate t he s entences passed in the Rivonia Trial. This has made it essential to express publicly the view of the Government of the Republic of South Africa.

Th e British Ambassador conveyed his Note to the t1inister of Forei t;n Affairs on July 23, 1964. The Minister naturally reacted unfavourably to such an attemp t at interference in another country's domestic affairs, even nore so for its administration of justice. Even bef ore the South African Govermner t could send its written offici a: reply, i.e. on Monday, July 27, thus within four da;y-s, this ·one-sided explanation was given in the British Par liament. Comment on this kind of coL{iuct would be superfluous.

The crux of the unequivocal reply of the South Af rican Government and its attitude towards se:t1tences imposed by South Afr i can Courts should consequently be stated clearly forthwith, even t hough it might not yet be in t he hands of the British Govern­ment. This is necessary in view of public dissatisf action in South Africa at such attempts at interference, and also tp prevent potential saboteurs and traitors finding encouragem n t in t he fact that forei governments irttercede to have their sentences mitigated, t hereby causing respect for Ju ... tice to Giisappear and causing continuation of atrocities.

The reply makes it clear that the Government cannot allow -this attempt at interference rl th the Law and will not yield to pressure. ttention is also drawn to the fact that the Message, although conveyed later, must be re r,arded as part of organised attempts to exert pressure, also by otl cr nations, regarding the unjustified U.N.O. resolution when, even before judgment was given, attempts were made to bring influence to bear. As is known, strong protest was lodged against this flagrantly irregular action.

As a result of what has happened, I have to state quite clearly to South Africa and whoever cares to listen, that

... I

• • - 2

that the Government abided by t~e verdict of the Court when the accused in the Treason Trial were acquitted. Naturally the Government also did not interfere 'tTi th the sentences of the Court in the Rivonia Trial, even though unjust pressure was exerted, and it will honour and carry out the sentences as passed. There is no question of mitic:ation because of outside influences. If the death sentence had been passed and upheld by the Appeal Court - if an appeal had been lodged - the sentences would also have been executed notwithstanding any pressure.

In conclusion it must be emphasised again that sabotage in South Africa is Communist-inspired and enjoys the sympathy of world Communistic aspirations. That they were in sympathy with those convicted at the Rivonia Trial, was clearly evidenced by the fact that then, for the first time, direct attempts to exert pressure on the South African Government for tb.e,ir release were ·. made by a whole chain of communistic states which otherwise have no communication with South Africa at all. This was clearly mutually organised pressure. I do not know to what degree they were subtly involved in the movement to enlist the U.N. and various Western nations also to attempt interference on almost identical terms.

It is significant t hat it was a British Labour !'arty ~1ember of Parliament who attempted to force the ri tish Government into even further interference. Whatever special sigr.tificance this might have, is an inter nal matter for the British public.

SPECIAL COl.fUT'rEE ON 'l!IE POLICD!S OF APAR'mEID <F THE GOVl:fRNI1ENT OF THE 3EPUBLIC OF SQt1l'H AFRICA

BBtef COMMUNI QUE

9 October 1964

At a special meeting held today, the Spacial Conmittee on the

Policies ot Aparthel.Q or the Government ot the Rep1blic ot South

Africa expressi!IS its grave concern over the ni3W that the appeals ot Mr. Veyisile 141ni1 Mr. \'lil.son Khayinga and Mr.- Zinald.le 14kaba, l eaders

ot the African National Congress in Port Elizabeth, against the death

sentences passed on them in March 1964 have baen rejected.

It notes that the trial of these milit&'lt opponEnts ot the

policies of apart,heid is in violation of the repeated resolutions ot the General AssEtnbly and the Security Council calling on the South

African Government to end its ruthless repressive measures against the

opponents or the policies or apartheid and seek a peacefUl solution

based on racial equality. It recalls that the Security Council, in i ts

resolution S/5761 or 9 June 1964, urged the South African Government 11to renounce the execution of the persons sentenced to death tor acts

resulting fran their opposition to the policy of apartheid. n

The Special Canmittee, therefore, urgently demands that the South

African Government retrain from the exea1tion of the death sentences,

which ldll seriously aggravate the situation in South Africa, and to take steps to compq, ld.th the resolutions or the General Ass anbly and

t he Security CoWlcilo

The Special CaJmlttee- urgently appeals to all States, orgar.iza•

tiona and individuals to utilize all their influence to uave the lives

of Mr o Vuyisile I-uni, Hr. 1-lilson Khayinga and Hr. Zinald.le Mkaba and to persuade the South African Government to grant an amnesty to all persona

imprisoned, interned or subjected to ather restrictions tor hav:lllg

opposed the policy ot o

' . 9 October 1964

COMr·IUNIQUE BY THE AfRICAN GROUP

The U'rican Group met t dq and heard Ambassador ACH:K~Ut Ma.ror, Chairman .,r the Special Committee on J~art.h!i!id concerning the rejection or the ap~al.s auainst the death sentences passed on l·Iessrs. VuyisUe 1-ii.ni,

\!ilson l<hayi.nga and ZinakUe Ikaba. on 17 I'4arch this year in South Ai'ricao

lt1ght a!'ter the Cairo Conference dur e \\~tic the lleads of State and

Govr;rnm.ent ot the . .. eB zation of African Unity have decidod by their

rer.olution AHG/Reso6 ( ) • to call for the releese o£ all nationalists

i•.1prisoned or detained under the arbitrary lal-:s of South Africa, the

1dsmissal of the appe!ll.s of the three trade unionists~ and leaders of

the African National Congress agai.J1et the death sentences passed on

·themR constitutes a d.iroct and plain cha'Omge to the vmole african

Continen: .. by the racist South l\frican Goverrmento

The dismissal of the appeals also constitutes a gross violation of

the repeated resolutions of the General Assembly and the Security Cotmcil

cal.ling on South Africa to abandon the arbitrary trials and to grar.t

unconditional release to all political prisoners and to all persorus

imprisoned» interned or subjected to other restrictions .for having op oo

t e policies of aparth.eido

As Mro Oliver Tambo: Deputy President of the African National Congress,

stated in t\~ cables addressed yesterd~ to the United Nations Secretar.y­

General and to the Special Cotunittea on AJ>arthal,d, it is obvious that 11the judicial murder of Africans will not indefinitely go unpunishoo" ani

that 11diarni.ssal of the death sentence appeals .further demonstrate South

African Government's contemptuous disregard or U~No resolutions as a

result of big powers pportin.g Ven10erd regi..me 411

The African Group ldshee to ernphaaize that the charges against

l.feasrs .. IU.ni, l{hS\Vinga and I·ll<:aba are undoubtedly of a political natureo

These men were sentenced to death because they had actively propagated the

aims of the .1\frican National Congrasa o They are authentic representatives

of the national liberation uovement of South A.frica, and patriots whose

lives had been dedicated to the struggle for human dignity, .freedom and

equ.allty and whose ideal has been and ra:1a.ins the establishment on ~outh

Africa Of a SOQ.ety in which racial harmoey 'fill preva.i.lO)

-2-

1./...ct."-The A.rrican Group f eels llef.tecti ve measures should be taken urgently

b cause it is convinced t hat t ho execution of t4essrs. Vuyislle .1·1ini·

\~il on 101.a.yinga and Zinak:Ue Mkaba wUl be the signal or a contUct. the

reper cussiona of ldrl.ch dll not be limited to South Africa al.oneo

The Atrican Group r equests a delegation ccmposed or its Qlairm,an

and the Representatives or Ethiopia and the Unitod Arab Republic to

convey its deep concern and indirnation to the :$ecreta.ry-Genaral. ot the

United Nations 1 and to ask him to request all Hanber States, particularly

the f'inancial and trading partners o bear a particular responsibility

in the evolution of the situation 1n South .iU."rica to use all their

influence to save the lives of these three men WJ.o have been sentenced to

death and to seem-a the ease of all persons imprisoned, detained or

subjected to other restriot1ons far having opposed amrthaido

•

WHO 1 ~ ~.HO I N THE CA.fv!PAIGN AGAIN~T ~OUTH AFRICA ••.•

As is knm.m there ha~ been coneiderable or~anized I

oppoeition to ~outh Africa'~ policy of ~eparate development

("apartheidit) much le~~ ~o incoide f"!outh Africa than out~ide.

Durin~ the pe1 ~t decade ho'll-,ever, the external oppo~i tion and

campaigns to ~et ~outh Africa to chan~e it~ dome~tic race

relation policy have ~radually been built up into a

world-wide bla~t of criticism, particularly in the pre~fl.

Thi~ has been fanned by dramatic and violent "prote~t

ectionc:" inc: ide .~outh Africa itself.

In general, even act~ of violence a~aincot the South

African Government are now interpreted as a ~pontaneous

reaction by "oppres~ed African"'" to "oppre~~ion by the

white c:ettler 9;0vernment". Leader~ of dis~ictent ~roups

have been deecribed ac: "nationali~ts, liberalic:t~, freedom

fighter~, idealic:t~ dedicated to non-violence, freedom and

democracy".

Leavin~ a.::;ide the concept and mea.nin~ of "oppre.c:~ion"

and "'·'hi te settler", 1

) it may be uc:eful to ~tudy the

real nature of thi.~ opPosition in ~outh Africa, the

background of the leader~ of dis~ident ~roups and their

political Philosophy.

Political oppo~ition to the ~overnment in ~outh Africa

v1hi te ~outh African voterfl

reprec:ented by the United and the Pror;ressive Partie~ and

black political organizationc: c;uch a.,. the no\<.7-banned

"African National Con~re~~" and the "Pan-Africani~t~ Con~rec:s".

The Pro~resc:i ve and United Parties, '11-lhich toq;ether form

the elected and con.,.titutional opposition to the qouth African

1) Cf. qte.,,ard, Alexander: Howard Timmin~, London; H.A.u.r·' ., Cape Town.

The Challenge of Chan~e. Ginie'll-.lc:ki, !'aul: Bantuc;tans,

.. - 2 -

Government in Parliament, are dedicated to removing the

Government from office - by means of the ballot box.

Support for these two parties at the United Nations and

in the world press has been negligible. The wave of

support overseas, mostly on the part of the Afro-Asian

states but also by some prominent American newspapers, has

been almost wholly directed to the aforementioned black

(Bantu) political movements and to individual white men

acting on behalf of the Bantu organizations.

It is the nature of ~ opposition which merits

analysis. Should this group succeed in replacing the

present government in South ~ca through unconstitutional

means Americans and interested people elsewhere deserve to

know what sort of men will be assuming power.

Paul Grimes reported in THB N~W YORK TIMES of January

25, 1964: "In South Africa, stringent police action has

suppressed overt anti-government agitation, but there is

evidence of strong underground communist activity with Soviet

support. There also have been recent reports that South

Africans were undergoing training in Cuba". Also a report

in the official communist organ in the United States,

THE WORKER, on December 9, 1962, contained a message from

the South African Communist Party that it was "fighting side

by side with the oppressed" to overthrow the South African

Government.

Having introduced the idea of planned communist activity

inside South Africa, let us consider the attitude of

Communists elsewhere toward the country. An American

reporter recently came into possession of a paper outlining

the official strategy of the Moroccan Communist Party and

produced a map of Africa, prepared by the M.C.P., in which

South Africa is pinpointed as one of the major Communist

targets in Africa. "Since the Moroccan Communists have made

- 3 -

no open choice for either Moscow or Peking in communism's

world-wide schism," he said, "and since both Moscow and

Peking radios in their broadcasts to Africa are backing the

same themes, it is assumed that these targets are ones on

which the Soviet Union and mainland China agree".l) Other

American analysts have come up with exactly the same

conclusion. 2 )

Some pertinent questions immediately arise. Is overt

opposition to the South African government, particularly

violent opposition (over 200 acts of sabotage during the

past 18-months including murder),3) inspired and planned

by Communists either in Moscow or Peking? Are these acts

the deeds of bona fide but frustrated African nationalists

whose real and imagined grievances the Communists seek to

exploit? Could it be that the Communists are exploiting the

complicated cultural and racial situation in South Africa

to throw a smokescreen over their real aim of conquest in

South Africa?

If the violent opposition in South Africa represented a

spontaneous reaction on the part of black people the roots

of that reaction would necessarily be found in South Africa;

the leaders would be bona fide black South African nationalists.

Such would not appear to be the case. Of the leaders of

the African National Congress and the Pan-Africanist movement,

who enjoy the sympathetic support of a number of American

newspapers, almost none qualify as bona fide African

nationalists. They represent another force entirely.

In 1947 - a yea r before the present government came to

power and long before it launched its apartheid policy - the

United States Congress ordered an investigation into the

strategy and tactics of world communism. The resultant

1) John Cooley in the Christian Science Monitor, March 23, 1964. 2) Cf. "Red China Moves on Africa", Washington Report,

4. 4.1964. 3 ) The Johannesburg Star, December 3, 1963; cf. Supreme

Court of South Africa: The State vs Z. Mkaba , V. Mini and W. Khayingo , Judgement and Verdict , 3/16/1964.

4.

report, 1 ) prepared by the House Committee on Foreign Affairs,

listed the world's leading communists outside Russia. In South

Africa there were fourteen:- William Andrews, Lionel Bernstein,

Hilda Watts (Mrs. Lionel Bernstein), Brian Bunting, Fred

Carneson, Yusuf Dadoo, Michael Harmel, Isaac Horvitch, Moses

Kotane, Harry Naidoo, Danie du Plessis, G. Ponen, Betty Sachs

(alias Betty Radford), Dr. H.J. Simons and Harry Snitcher.

Vernon MoKay states that there are about 800 communists in

South Africa and about 6,500 sympathisers. 2)

By comparison, the committee listed only 34 communists in

France - a country of 40 million people. It becomes apparent

that South Africa with 11.5 million population (then) -had

more than its share of senior members of the Communist Party.

Of the 14 at least seven have been prominent in the "struggle"

age.inst South Africa; have been heard as "petitiC?ners" or

"witnesses" at the Unit~d Nations and are liberally "quoted" by

leading newspapers in this country.

Their status is generally defined as men dedicated to

the achievement of human rights for South Afrioa 1 s black people,

The communist influence in the African National Congress

is not a recent development, attracted by "racial injustice".

As far back as 1936, the Secretary-General of the African

National Congress was J.B. Marks, a communist who now lives in

Red China. In 1949, Moses Kotane (then Secretary-General of

the South African Communist Party) became a member of the

Executive Committee of the African National Congress. Since

then the A.N.C. have come increasingly under the control of

communists. The Zulu politician, Jordan Ngubane, refers in

his recent book to the "invisible hand" of the communists and

the role they played in giving A.N.C. conferences an ideological

slant that served the communists.3) In recent issues of THE

1) Report on the Strate~ and Tactics of World Communism, House Document No~ 07 (1949), Supplement 400.

2) McKay, Vernon: Africa in World Politics, p. 207.

3) Ngubane, Jordan: An African Explains Apartheid, Praeger, N.Y., 1963.

5.

AFRICAN COMMUNIST (a quarterly published by the banned Communist

Party o£ South A£rica in London) appears a complete identi£i­

cation o£ not only the aims but also the organization o£ the

African National Congress. It is further clear from the same

articles that it regards several leaders of the African National

Congress which this year went on trial on various charges in

South Africa (the so-called Rivonia Trial) with great esteem

and reverence and,by implication, as either communists or

fellow travellers. Nelson Mandela, one of the accused, is

called a courageous and fearless leader. The articles do not

even attempt to hide its open support for the aims, objectives

and philosophy of "the Rivonia groupi1 ~l)

In 1959, a split developed within the .A•N,.C. and Robert

Sobukwe led a group of militant young radicals to for.m the

Pan-Africanist Congress• lt soon beoame evident that the Pan-

Afrioanist was a terrorist organization with much the same

objeotives as the communist-dominated A.N.C. In a letter

dated December 12, 1963, to a law firm in Oslo the Secretary

of the Minister of Justice described the methods and objectives

of the P.A.C. as follows:

"The P.A.C. was an extreme Bantu Nationalist organization

which believed that Bantu should have all the power in Africa

and that all other races should be driven out or killed. Its

motto was 'Africa for the Africans'.

"At this stage both the P.A.C. and the A.N.C. were

declared unlawful organizations as they were merely being used

by the already unlawful Communist Party. They thereupon, to

use the popular expression, went underground; the P.A.C. under

the guise of a new name "Poqo" and the A.N.C. under its old

name. "Poqo" became a secret society aiming at the overthrow

of the Government of the Republic of South A£rica by revolu­

tionary methods and replacing it by an "African Socialist

Democratic State". Its African recruits, who were mostly

1) ------ --·----

The African Communist, Vol. II (October 1962, January­March 1963, July-September 1963 and October-December 1963) Nos. 1, 2, 4 and 5; distributed by Ellis Bowles Inc., 53 Palmerston Road, East Sheen, London.

• - 6 -

illiterate, were however simply told that all other races,

especially Whites and Indians, had to be driven out of the

country by terrorism and murder. Bantu were warned that

the same treatment would be meted out to those who did not

co-operate. This was the motive for several savage murders

committed by Pogo on fellow Bantu. Unwilling Bantu were

also intimidated by the use of sorcery in which many of

them still believe. When instructed to take part in crimes,

members were given to understand that they would be protected

by means of sorcery. These same methods were used to compel

law-abiding citizens to co-operate or to remain silent and

in order to strike them with more terror, the bodies of

murdered victims were mutilated in a gruesome manner.

11During November 1962, and in the early hours of the

morning, an armed band attacked the police station at Paarl

in the Cape Province. On the way there, they also attacked

and killed civilians and caus ed extensive damage to property.

After this incident a commission was appointed to inquire

into and report on the events and the causes which gave rise

thereto. The Commissioner was a Judge of the Supreme Court

of South Afri ca and therefore a p er s on who stood outside

politics. From the enquiries and interim report of the

commission it appeared that the attack was organized by Poqo.

By the abovementioned methods Poqo was gaining many

members from the A.N.C. In an attempt to regain popular

support, the A. N.C. t he n formed its own mili tant wi ng

1;Umkonto we sizwe ;1 (Spear of the Na t i on ) . 1;Umkonto ;,

concerned itself with sabotage and in preparing for guerrilla

warfare . Wh en caught thos e who chos e to turn State s 1)

evi dence wer e br utally murdered .

1) The Sta t e vs Z. Mkaba, V. Mini and W. Khayi ngo, 1964.

11

• - 7 -

THE RIVONIA TRIAL

In October 1963, several members of the banned African

National Congress and the outlawed South African Communist

Party were arraigned before court on a charge of attempting

to overthrow the government in a "~Jar of liberation;,. The

prelude to the arrests was a campaign of sabotage, violence

and destruction, widely reported in the American press. At

the time of the arrests, the accused were gathered for

conference at the Rivonia estate of Arthur Goldreich - a

known Communist - and a large mass of incriminating documents

and subversive pamphlets was confiscated by the arresting

officers. Accused were Nelson Mandela, Walter Sisulu and

other members of the African National Congress, and Lionel

Bernstein and Dennis Goldberg, both card-carrying Communists.

Bernstein, in addition was on the 1949 list of the world's

leading Communists. The accused admitted during the trial

that the Rivonia estate was in fact purchased by the South

African Communist Party for $35,000. They also admitted in

court that the aims and objects of the A.N.C. were the aims

and objects of the South African Communist Party.

Documents submitted to the trial court in Pretoria

indicated that Moscow had promised the alleged conspirators

every sort and manner of assistance. One of the A.N.C.

leaders, Arthur Goldreich, left notes at the Rivonia estate

of his tour to Communist China to negotiate the supply of 2)

arms for use against South Africa. In Algeria, Chou En-lai

openly pledged financi al support for the camp where 1, 500

1)

guerrilla forces are being trained for the "war of liberation" 3)

against South Africa and Portuguese Africa. The "war of

----··- -1) Subs equently, during the actual trial, two of the accused

Govan Mbeki and Ahmed Kathrada also admitted being members of the Communist Party.

2) Die Burger, Cape Town, May 5, 1964.

3) Exhi bi t R2 ha nded i n a t the Ri vonia Tria l; Exhi bi t R4 dea l s wi th discussions Goldreich had wi th the Red Chinese Ministry of Defence on methods employed during the Communist take-over of China.

- 8 -

liberation 11 has of course already reached Angola, preceded

by several months of heavy propaganda beamed to Africa

from several Iron Curtain countries. It was heralded in

THE PEKING PEOPLES DAILY three months before the first

disturbances. There was therefore nothing spontaneous 1)

about the Angolan disturbances. · Now in Paris collecting

funds for the interrupted ''liberation war" is another A.N.C.

supporter and listed Communist, Michael Harmel, who from

early 1963 to January 1964 lived in Red China. Another

"supporter' 1 of the group but acclaimed in Britain and the

u.s.A. as ''a great fighter for human rights" is Brian

Bunting. Currently he is working for the Soviet Government 2)

News Agency. Both Bunting and Harmel are listed among

the world 1s 500 leading Communists outside Russia.

Red China's pledge to support guerrilla training inter

alia for South African revolutionaries assumed new per-

spective after it became known that Nelson Mandela visited

Algerian Prime Minister Ben Bella some time before the

arrival of the Red Premier. In late 1963 a top A.N.C.

delegation also visited Red China and was promised unswerving

support for an armed uprising in South Africa. 3)

Since the Addis Ababa ''Summit Conference" of African

leaders adopted Resolution No. II to contribute active and

armed support to a movement to overthrow South Africa,

Communist activity in general and Russian and Red Chinese

initiative in particular have been stepped up considerably.

The Communists have hitched their own world political

designs on South Africa to the Addis Ababa resolution.

Conakry, Accra and Dar-Es-Salaam are now being used (with

the consent of the African governments) as jumping off places

for an airlift of hundreds of African "students" to Cuba,

1) Newsweek, January 13, 1964.

2) Hugh Kay, Fortune, January 1964. 3) Dutch Reformed Church Newsletter, No. 68.

- 9 -

Red China and Moscow. THE NEW YORK TIMES reported on

January 18, 1964, that 100 South African lis tudents '' had

been picked up by Russian aircraft in Somalia and flown to

Moscow. At least 300 Bantu from South Africa are being

trained in Russia and Red China and arms are being supplied

to guerrilla training camps of the Addis Ababa "African . 1)

High Command' ' by Moscow. A report from New York also

stated that the largest contingent of several hundred

African ;'students •· being trained in guerrilla tactics in

Cuba are from South Africa. 2) Elspeth Huxley estimates

that trained guerrillas from camps in Algeria and Cuba are

infiltrating Angola at the rate of 2,000 every eight weeks.

After Angola, she says, comes the drive on Mozambique,

Southern Rhodesia and then South Africa. 3 ) Richard Boyce

also writes of the stepped-up Red Chinese campaign in Africa

and of the ''thousands of Peking trained revolutionaries':

returning to organize military action against Western states

in Africa, including South Africa. ''Chinese instructors'',

he says, '·are on hand in training camps of the "African

Liberation Army'' in Tanganyika. 4 )

Whatever the numerical discrepancies, the training of

guerrillas by the "African High Command' ' in Algeria and

Ethiopia (at Dabraseur), and of saboteurs and guerrillas in

Cuba, Russia and Red China are quite evidently linked in a

campaign against South Africa.

A British magazine reports that Russia now intends to

step up its activities against South Africa.5) In August

1963 the Soviet Union ordered the underground South African

Communist Party to launch large-scale sabotage and guerrilla

1) U.S. Ne ws and World Re2ort, February 24, 1964.

2) Southern Africa, London, January 31, 1964, p.85.

3) u.s. News and World Re2ort, February 16, 1964.

4) Ne w York World Telegram and Sun, May 15, 1964.

5 ) Southern Africa, London, January 31, 1964.

· · - - · 1o -·.· . . -.~ :-·

activities and to organize armed revolts inside South Africa,

according to a London report published in the RAND DAILY .!11AIL.

The Communist Party - which still exists, although banned in

1950 - has also been told to step up its infiltration of

the African National Congress and to strengthen its co-

operation with the A.N.C.~s military wing. According to

information reaching London, the orders to the South African

Communist Party were drawn up at a recent meeting of the

foreign countries department of the Communist Party of the

Soviet Union. Coinciding with this, reports the RAND DAILY

MAIL correspondent in Hong Kong, a top A.N.C. delegation

has just visited Communist China. After secret discusRions

with Chinese leaders, it was promised '·unswerving sup:_:>ort '·

for an armed uprising in South Africa.1

) For this reason

the documentary evidence submitted at the "Ri venia Trial' '

in Pretoria, whatever its merits for the particular charges

against Bernstein 1 Mandela, Sisulu and the others, is

extremely revealing. Apart from Nelson Mandela's meeting

with Ben Bella there is evidence that Mandela had obtained

support from Cuba, Czechoslovakia and Indonesia. Witnesses

have testified that a camp in South Africa's Cape Province

wa s run by Denni s Goldber g , whom tra i nee terrori sts had to

address as ··comrade Commandant;,, and that other camp

staffers were addressed as ''Comrade Captain ", "Comrade

Ser geant'·, e tc. A lett er by Arthur Go l dreich ref ers to

discussions with the Yugoslavs, Red Chinese and East Germans

on arms procurement. Other A.N.C. documents -part of t heir

;.progr a m f or South Af ri ca:: - i nc luded a t reat ise on g uerri lla

- warf are and a pamphlet, "How t o be a Good Communist'·. The

f irst sent ence of the l a tter reads : "The s truggle of the

oppressed people of Sout h Afri ca is gui ded by the Communis t

Part y a nd i nspired by its policies . ''

1) Th e Rand Dai ly Mail is published in J ohannesburg . It s upports the opposition parties in South Africa and is one of t he Government ' s most vociferous critics .

- 11 -

If the sabotage in South Africa (committed by members

of the African National Congress and the Pan-Africanist

Congress according to evidence in various trials), the

training of guerrillas in North Africa and the presence of

South African r i students'· in Cuba, Russia and Red China \<Jere

to prove somehow unrelated, it would be the most amazing

coincidence the cold war has yet produced. In view of the

Communists' attitudes toward Africa and their objectives

in the cold war, such a coincidence seems hardly likely.

Vernon McKay states quite clearly that the Communists have

attained ''a strong position ' in virtually all the black

political organizations. 1 ) Even Nobel Prize Winner Albert

Luthuli~ the 1 Spiritual leader'' of the African National

Congress said on March 22, 1962 that New Age~ the propaganda

mouthpiece of the Communists was "the fighting mouthpiece of

African aspirations". On the basis of Luthuli's messages

of support to the Communist Peace Conferences~ the rantings

by the A.N.C., at the time when he was still its active

leader, accusing the United States of capitalist warmongering

while praising Russia and Communist China as "progressive 2) .

powers" 1t would appear as if the Communists have managed

to swallow both the A.N.C. and Luthuli. Evidence led in the

Rivonia Trial revealed that when the A.N.C. in 1961 embarked

upon its policy of violence and destruction (the policy also

of the Communist Party) this new policy of sabotage was

discussed with Luthuli. The Nobel Prize-winner for peace

gave it his blessing. During the Cuban crisis the South

African Government sent a message of support to the United

States. The A.N.C. sent a similar message to Fidel Castro.

1) Africa in World Politics, p.209.

2) Quoted in a statement by the South African Minister of the I nterior, November 3~ 1961.

- 12 -

Consequently if the efforts of the militant Pan­

Africanists and the A.N.C. with Red Chinese and Russian

backing result in a violent political upheaval in South

Africa in which the present political order is eliminated~

the West could expect the en,suing government to be, at best~

a Communist-sympathizing 11neutralist " regime and, at worst~

an outright Communist satellite. Either way, it could have

disastrous consequences for the free world. When at the

close of the Rivonia Trial the Deputy Attorney General

named the 1' shadow cabinet 1' of the ''provisional revolutionary

government'' the names of six self-confessed or card-carrying

Communists appeared on the list of 16 persons. 1 )

The Communist position would obviously be strengthened

if it gained control of the fantastic material riches on the

African continent. In few other states is there such a

concentration of mineral wealth as in South Africa. This

includes such important material for supersonic aircraft as

titanium and beryllium for various applications in the field

of atomic energy. More important~ South African gold mines

produce 70% of the free world's gold, the monetary basis of

United States currency. William L. McGrath, Chairman of the

Board of Cincinatti's Williamson Co., an expert on Communist

propaganda said: "The Soviet Union has launched a major

propaganda offensive against the Republic of South Africa for

the sole purpose of appending tha t gold-producing area to the

Soviet bloc. The success of the Soviet effort would make the

Soviet Union, in a very significant sense, the mas t er of t he

world. Nearly everything it needed would be within r each. 1

He added 1'In their South African campaign - as in most of

their other ef f orts t o gain dominance around t he world -

the Russians have found a f alse issue. In this instance, i t

is apartheid, the system whereby the South African government

i s seeking to build para llel whi te a nd nonwhi t e s ocieties. ''2 )

---------- - --- --- - --- - -------- ---- -1)

2 )

The Johannesburg Star, May 25 , 1964 .

The Cincinatti Enquirer, ''The Most Lethal Weapon'' , October 2 , 1963.

- 13 -

Moreover, sea trade plays an important part in the

trade pattern of the non-communist world. Interdiction

of this trade could seriously affect the Western economy.

World trade must pass through trade routes best

described as strategic bottlenecks. Military men agree

that these are also the key to the defense of the free

world. These bottlenecks are the Caribbean (Panama),

Mediterranean (Suez), the South China Sea, the Cape of

Good Hope and Cape Horn. Is it coincidence that the first

three are centers of proxy disturbances? Political and

social upheavai near the Cape of Good Hope they say would

prove a powerful weapon for a determined bid by the so-

called neutralist and Communist countries to rid Africa

of the only unquestionably Western power on the continent -

South Africa. 1 ) The strategic value of the Cape sea route

(also the ability of South African harbours to cope with

heavy traffic) was dramatically illustrated at the time

of the Suez crisis in 1956.

In mid-1964 this is the position in South Africa.

The government of the only African state military and

(ideologically) aligned with the free world against

communism and the only industrially developed state in

Africa finds itself the object of a Communist cold war

onslaught. From within, the onslaught is being led by

terrorist organizations, heavily infiltrated by local

Communists and actively backed by Russia, Red China, Cuba

and other Communist countries who have undertaken the

training of terrorists, shock troops and guerrillas.

1) The Cape Argus, London Military Correspondent, J a nuary 30, 1963.

14.

Bearing in mind (a) that a significant part of South

Africa's population is still illiterate and (b) that they

are only recently emerged from a climate of witchcraft and

superstition and are hence especially vulnerable to intini­

dation and incitement, it is easy to grasp why the communiots

consider this fertile ground for revolution and chaos.

It is not as if the communists had joined the AoN.C.

and P.A.C. in a spontaneous nationalistic reaction by the

black population to the "oppressive" policies of the present

government. 1 ) ("Comrade" J.B. Marks became Secretary-General

of the A.NC. in 1936, twelve years before "apartheid'' beca!lle

the official policy.) Nor is it possible to believe that

the Communists are interested only in obtaining "huma.n ri13l1ts"

and universal franchise for the blacks. Examples abound where

independent peoples have been''liberated" or "peacefully

conq_uered" and subseq_uently enslaved; why should co.mmunizm

ignore such a strategically tempting and apparently isolated

target as South Africa? This, then, is the true nature of

the so-called "black nationalist" opposition to the prese.:::rli

government in South Africa.

Because they lack first-hand knowledge of behind-the­

scenes developments many well-meaning individuals, newspapers

and organizations are supporting the African National Congress

and the Pan-Africanists still believing them to be bona fide

nationalistic movements, essentially African in origin. (It

may well be that these organizations have now become commUllist­

financed and communist-controlled in much the same way as

Fidel Castro's Cuban revolution was taken over by the

communists.)

A remarkable illustrative example is the recent

International Conference on Economic Sanctions against So:A-'.:h

Africa (purpose: to get South Africa to accede to the wishes

1) There are about 600,000 foreign Africans resident in South Africa and while black migration is numbered in tens, black immigration runs into thousands - poor evidence of oppression.

.,.

of the African National Congress and the Pan-Africanist

Congress) which was attended among others by Mr. Mongi Slim

of Tunisia (a former President of the General Assembly of

the United Nations), J.B. Priestly, Humphrey Berkely

Conservative Member of Parliament, Sir Jock Campbell, Head

of the Booker Group of publishing houses and other prominent

British and foreign politicians and businessmen. These

people undoubtedly have a sincere interest in South African

developments but have been pulled unwittingly into this

conference by organizers whose backgroundsreveal an all too

familiar line. The National Executive which arranged the

conference is studded with members vf the British Communist

Party. The most important is the Secretary, Miss Rosalynde

Ainslie, and her fellow worker Miss Kay Beauchamp, a reporter

of the Communist Daily Worker. Miss Ainslie significantly is

also the secretary of the anti-Apartheid Committee in London

and correspondent of the East German News Agency. She is

both a member of Canon Collins Christian Action and the

Communist Partyt). Small wonder among the people which the

national executive invited to the Conference were several

members of the banned South African Communist Party including

Solly Sachs, Yusuf Dadoo and Brian Bunting - whose names

all appear on the list of the world's 500 top communists.

One other, Vellanthum Pillay, is now a member of the British

Communist Party and an employee of the Russian Bank in

Moorgate. Another group invited to attend the Conference

was the Movement for Cokonial Freedom whose Executive also

contains several members of the British Communist Party,

among them Jack Woodis, one-time Secretary of the Far East

Committee of the British Communist Party. (A former secretary

was one Babu who later became Foreign Minister of the Peoples

Republic of Zanzibar.) 1 )

Having outlawed the Communist Party, closed the Russian

Consulate, fought Communist aggression in Korea and supported

the West in the Berlin Airlift, South Africans now find - to

1) Cf: The Sunday Telegraph, London, April 12, 1964.

~ · 15.

of the African National Congress and the Pan-Africanist

Congress) which was attended among others by Mr. Mongi Slim

of Tunisia (a former President of the General Assembly of

the United Nations), J.B. Priestly, Humphrey Berkely

Conservative Member of Parliament, Sir Jock Campbell, Head

of the Booker Group of publishing houses and other prominent

British and foreign politicians and businessmen. These

people undoubtedly have a sincere interest in South African

developments but have been pulled unwittingly into this

conference by organizers whose backgroundsreveal an all too

familiar line. The National Executive which arranged the

conference is studded with members uf the British Communist

Party. The most important is the Secretary, Miss Rosalynde

Ainslie, and her fellow worker Miss Kay Beauchamp, a reporter

of the Communist Daily Worker. Miss Ainslie significantly is

also the secretary of the anti-Apartheid Committee in London

and correspondent of the East German News Agency. She is

both a member of Canon Collins Christian Action and the

Communist Partyt). Small wonder among the people which the

national executive invited to the Conference were several

members of the banned South African Communist Party including

Solly Sachs, Yusuf Dadoo and Brian Bunting - whose names

all appear on the list of the world's 500 top communists.

One other, Vellanthum Pillay, is now a member of the British

Communist Party and an employee of the Russian Bank in

Moorgate. Another group invited to attend the Conference

was the Movement for Co~onial Freedom whose Executive also

contains several members of the British Communist Party,

among them Jack Woodis, one-time Secretary of the Far East

Committee of the British Communist Party. (A former secretary

was one Babu who later became Foreign Minister of the Peoples

Republic of Zanzibar.) 1 )

Having outlawed the Communist Party, closed the Russian

Consulate, fought Communist aggression in Korea and supported

the West in the Berlin Airlift, South Africans now find - to

1) Cf: The Sunday Telegraph, London, April 12 , 1964.

... .

•

16 •

their surprise - that an amazing volume of vocal public

opinion abroad supports a communist-dominated movement and

condemns the Government's efforts and measures to combat this

movement. Inexplicably, some people seem to believe that,

in order to contain and combat the communist threat South

Africa must first discard strictly anti-communist measures.

South Africans are genuinely perplexed by this attitude.

They redognize the enormity of their task at home in leading

South Africa's black men to political fulfillment. They

accept bona fide black nationalism as inevitable and are

actually encouraging it in black-inhabited areas like the

Transkei, which the South African government has irrevocably

set on the road to independence. The people of this·new

State (3,000,000) already have the vote, their own legis-

lative assembly, flag, national anthem, etc., and pay taxes

only to their own government, a black one, and not to the

white South African government.

But white South Africans and the overwhelming majority

of black South Africans reject the precipitous revolutionary

change as proposed by "nationalistic" organizations such as

the A.N.C. and Pan-Africanists. Events in the Congo, Zanzibar

and other parts of Africa have proved abundantly that only

the communists benefit by these "revolutionary changes".

Politically sophisticated black South Africans realize this. 1 )

Kaiser Mantanzima, leader of the Transkei National Independence

Party and Chief Minister of the Legislative Assembly, has

also warned against the revolutionary changes preached by

the communists.

South Africa's drive to root out communist influence in

the country is encumbered by constitutional and political

safeguards inherent in democratic government and the legal

niceties of Roman Dutch Law. But its efforts have not been

fruitless. The list of self-exiled "nationalists" reads like

1) Jordan Ngubane, An African Explains Apartheid, Praeger, 1963.

..

.. ' .. ...

a Who's Who of top Communists. Michael Harmel fled the

country only days after anti-Communist legislation was pas s ed

in Parliament; he went directly to Red China. Brian Bunting

is now working for the Soviet News Agency TASS. Arthur

Goldreich and Volpe escaped detention and fled across the

border. Moses Kotane is under the closest surveillance.

Yusuf Dadoo is now resident in Britain and ;,testified 11 before

the United Nations Committee on Apartheid. In South Africa

four self-confessed Communists are on trial for documented

acts of sabotage and subversion. Other supporters (co­

conspirators) of the A.N.C. and the P.A.C. who have either

fled the country or who are under close surveillance and whose

political classification ranges from card-carrying Communist

to fellow traveller or left winger are: Vivian Ezra, Julius

First, Bob Hepple, Percy Hodgson, Ronald Kasrils, Arthur

Letele, Tennyson Makiwane, John Joseph Marks, Joe Modise,

George Naicker, Billy Nair, Duma Nokwe, James Radebe, Robe r t

Resha, Joe Slovo, Harold Strachan, Oliver Tambo, Benjamin

Turck and Cecil Williams.1

)

Fully aware of all these perils South Africa has over

many years taken strong action against Communists, communi s~

and fellow-travellers. The Communist Party was declared

illegal in 1950, the Russian Consulate was closed in 1956

and stringent legislation against sabotage and subversion,

not always very popular, was passed. Security planning was

brought up to date and the necessary military precautions taken.

1) From the closing address to the Rivonia Trial court by the Deputy Attorney General, Dr. Percy Yutar, who has served as prosecutor for over 25 years under various governments, on May 25, 1964.

This material is filed with the Department of Justice where the required registration statement, in terms of the Foreign Agents Registration Act, of the I.S.S.A., as an agency of the Republic of South Africa, is available for inspection. Registration does not indicate approval by the United States Government.

UNITED NATIONS • _,...... NATIONS UNIES

INTEROFI=ICE MEMORANDUM

TO: The Secretary-General Date: 20 November 1964

FILE NO.:~~~~~~-----

THROUGH:

/) <[: ,tf;:::~ FROM: C-odfrey K.J. Ama.chree, Under-Secretary, {-4- '"--(_..--- · . .---­

Department of Trusteeship and Non-Self-Governing Territories

SUBJECT:

1.

List of 11all othe r territories whj_ch have not yet attained indeoendence 11

r eferred to in the Declaration contained in General Assembly resolution 1514 (XV)

In April 1963 the Special Committee drew up a preliminary list of 64 Territories to which the Declaration on the granting of independence to

colonial countries and peoples is applicable. That list included Trust

Territo1•ies, South i'fest Africa and Non-Self-Governing Territories which

have been declared as such by the General Assembly or on l·rbich information

is transmitted by the Administering Po•·ters concerned.

2. The Special Committee then a6reed that a further list containing 11all

other Territories >hich have not yet attai ned independence 11 should be prepared

after further consideration.

3. Ho•vever, at the end of 1963, the Special Committee reported to the

Gene ral Assembly that it was not able to prepare the further list because

of lack of time. lt also i nforr:J.ed the Assembly that it •vould consider

this question in 1964.

4. The Special Cor.Mttee and its various Sub-Cmmnittees have been meeting

a~rDst continuously since February 1964 to consider and to make recomme nda tions

to the Gene ral Assembly concerning the implementation of the Declaration in

r espect of the Territories included in the 1963 preliminary list. The 1/iorking

Group o.f the Special Committee (composed of Bulsaria, Cambodia, Hali, India,

Iraq, Italy, Sierra Leone and Uruguay) >·thich 1r1as entrusted with the task of

drawing up this list, did not there fore find it possible to give sufficie nt

attention to this question even in 1964.

5. Although it was not expressly stated by any dele p,ation, the feeling among

the members of the 1i1orking Group was that t :1is >vas an extremely controversial

mat,te r and that it should be approached ·,nth caution. It '<las also felt that

the controversy over this issue might interfer e with the Com~ttee 1 s normal

- 2-

'.vork in relation to those Territories >vhich are already declared. to be co1oni.:J.l

territories lv.ithin the meaning of the Declaration. Eany d.eb;ations hoped

that this question could be put off for consideration in 1965.

6. Hoviever, just vlhen the Committee Has about to conclude its 1964 sessio:1,

t'.-lO com>:lunications made it impossible for the :ForkinG Group and the Special

Committee to pass over the matter in silence. One vm.s a letter dated 12

Novetaber 1964 from the PeriQanent H.epresentative of Somalia (copy attached),

requesting the Special Cowmittee to place the question of l"'rench Somaliland

on the agenda of the current session of the Special Committee. The other

v1as the Cairo Declaration of Non-I1.liGned Countries (dist::-iouted as Genel~al

Assembly docum2nt A/5763) 'tlhich was dravm to the attention of the ;·iorking

Group by some of its members. 'l'he Cairo Declaration dravis t he attention

of the Special Committee to certain specific territories such as French

.Somaliland, Eartinique, Guadaloup~ and Puerto B.ico.

7. After the receipt . of the letter from Somalia., the ;Jorking Group held

three meetings on 16, 17 and 18 November to consider the question of the

additional list. After prolonged discussion, the Jorkj_ng Group car.J.e to

the conclusion that the question of dr<nving up- the additional list would

involve considerable amount of study and debate. It therefore decided to

recommend to the Special Committee ·that it be allo'tl'ed t o continue furth8r

conside:c-ation of the question a!ld to report to it at a late r date.

8. During the debate in the liorkine; Group, the majority seemed to fa-,rour

the inclusion of French Sonalilanci on the list. Ho-1vever, this could not be

done be cause t.here are othe r territories under French administration ',-;hic11

are in the same cate;~ry a s French Sonaliland. As for th:3 Cairo Decl aration,

some members of the >forking Group, particularly Italy, oppos ~~d the ~Jerking

Group taking note of i t. The United States, -·•hich maintains that Puerto

H.ico, concerning ••hich there is an Assembly r esolutioJ:{ does not come ,.,j_th~_n the scope of the Declaration, is opposed to the inclus ion of the Cairo

Declaration in the r eport of the i!orking Group. !·iany del e ga t:ions a re yat

und·3 cided as to the position to be taken in regard to man:r of these contro­

versial t erritories and, in particular, >vith regard to Pue rto 1l.ico.

y Resolution 748 (VIII)

,.,

.. .. 3 -

9. The \'.forking Group's report (copy attached) which was approved at 4.30 p. m.

on 18 November was taken up by the Special Cornrnittee at 5.30 p.m. the s ame day.

The importance of this question was emphash;ed by the presence at this late

meeting of many heads of deler;ations. During the debate, the United Stat es

opposed paragraphs (4) and (5) of the ;JQrking Group's Report and proposed

amenmrrents to them. The representative of Uruguay then proposed the deletion

of these tHo paragraphs. He said that by deleting these paragraphs , the

Committee would not be prejudging any aspects of the substance covered by

All these questions could go back to the Jerking Group which could exam:i.ne

them and report t o the Special Committee. Some Hembers pointed out that the

question Has of such im;>ortance that they could not vote on t he ii.eport ·•ithout

first obtaining instructions from their Governments. Ac cordingly the r::teetinz;

was adjourned. It will meet a gain this mornin~ to continue con3i deration of

the Working Group's Report.

\ h CR.l3 (4-59) •

'ROUTING SLIP

Comments for the record should not be written on this slip. REFERRAL SHEET PT.l08 should be used instead,

· ---

Seereta~enoral ~ ~ TO: The

APPROVAL YOUR INFORMATION

MAY WE CONFER? AS REQUESTED

YOUR SIGNATURE FOR ACTION

NOTE AND FILE REPLY FOR MY SIGNATURE

II NOTE AND RETURN PREPARE DRAFT

YOUR COMMENTS ATTACH RELATED PAPERS

I am enclosing, herewith, a draft of a working paper prepared for the Special Committee on Apartheid on developnents in South Africa since the General Assembly resolution of November 1962. This paper will be revised .and issued as a document of the Comndttee, in the name of the Rapporteur, within the next few days. In spite of the length or this paper, I dare to send it to you t it is a good referene~aper.

I! '.»4 'IJ "" DATE: j FROM:

3/4/63

..

I am glad to have this opport,univ or meeting the representatives ot the London preee and or greeting you on behalf' or the United Nations Special.

Committee on the Polic.f.ee ot Am,r!;,ha:ld of the GoTal"rlment ot the Republic of

South Atrica. Let me first of all 1ntroc1uce the memben or the Delepticn

llbich conaiate or the otticeZ"B ot the Camnittee an one hand, and the maaben

ot the Special Coamittee's Sub-Ccm:d.ttee on Pet1t1cns on the othBr h&ndc

b. Ram c. Halhot.zoa or Nepal is the Ra.pport,eur o£ the Cam.d.tteeJ Hr. ~

ot fH.pzoia is the Chairman ot the Special Carmittee1 s Sub-Ccmnittee C11

PetitiCliUI; t-tr. Hacene, delelJlte of Al.gezoi&J ,.Jr. Phlll.1pa, delepte ot_ Ghana, . . and Hr. Naflagas, delegate ot the Philippines, re:rr•ent their countriea .tn·

the Special. Ccmmittee, and are also members of the Sub-Ccmnittee on Petiticma.

Ouzo visit to London is the outocme at a unanimous decision of the

Special Ccmnittee to send a delegation to I..omon with a twofold purpc~~ e1

Pizoa~, the delegation will foll.aw, as obserwrs, the proceedings ot the

Intemat.ional Conterence on Econanic Sanctiona against South Afrlca to be

held this wek here in Lcaion from 14 to 17 .i.prll. While following the

cieUberatians of this important Cont .. ence, the Special ~CIIIllitt•'a delega,­

tion will take adT&ntage or the presence ot a large munb .. or C!lllinant

pareonalities fran all oYer the world and or aperb ot worldld.de reputaticn,

to make fruitful contacts and exchange view in Ol'dor to get ti"QQll all or

th• intol'!IBtion, suggeations and re~tions which 'N)Uld tac111tate the

&eOCIIlplishment. ot the Coarnittee' s mandate, 'llhich ia to t1nd a p eacetul aolu­

tion to the very grave situation in the RePlblio ot South Africa arising

ttall the 1nhumal m1d daneerous policiea ot awrtiJe!d• The int.ensitication or this policy, carriod aut in disretPrd ot the

General Asaecbly reaommend~tians, the Security Council decisions and the

18l&n1mou conde.mat1cn by world public opinion, creatoa in So'.lth Africa, a

aceptionally graYe situation Wlich s erioua~ diafmoba social peace in South

Atrica, stability in Atr!ca, mel international peace ard security.

The task ot the Un1 ted Naticns Special Cazm1 tt•' a delegation 1n Lcn4Gil

1dll be t9 further its etrorts to seek a peaceful soluticm to this d&ll!•rau

situation.

• . •

-2-

Secondly• the deleeation \dll take advantage of the Jres ce in

London or m.an;,y South Arrican rerueeee am others \llbo have mq:reaoed. their

dnsire to appear beforo the Special Camnittee but lilo a:re not. al.Jle, f er

one reasm cr m other, to go to New York to &!lpear bef'ore the regular

meet~~ of the Ccm:dtt , devot. to the hearing of ))et:l.t1onel'8o

We expect to be 1n LoD:lon tar one wek md we propose to meet 7011

again at a preaa oopf'erence Wlich the delegation w1ll hold betare it

retuma to New Yc:rk.

. . . . .

TO: A:

,1 UN I TED NAT I 0 N S

INTEROFFICE MEMORANDUM

- NATIONS UNIES MEMOIRANDUM INTERIEUR

The Secretary-General ~\~ DATE: 21 April 1965

REFERENCE: ---------THROUGH: s/c DE:

FROM: DE:

M.A. Vellodi, Deputy to the Departnent of Political and

susJECT:Meeting of Officers of the Special Committee on Apartheid OBJET: with the Secretary-General on 23 April

l. Only the Chairman, Ambassador Achkar (Guinea) and the Vice-Chairman, Ambassador Volio {Costa Rica) will attend the meeting. '!he post of Rapporteur is vacant.

2. The Officers will bring up the following matters:

(a) Request for the Secretary-General 1s good offices to encourage contributions for relief of families of South African political prisoners, le~l defence of South African prisoners, and relief for refugees.

(b) Request for the good offices of the Secretary-General, with the United Kingdom and the UN High Commissioner of Refugees, in

order to arrange to move South African political refugees from Basutoland and Swaziland to Zambia.

(c) A report on the work of the CoDIIli ttee in general; and

(d) Request for a strengthening of the staff servicing the Special Committee.

I am enclosing a note prepared by Mr. Reddy to cover these points • Also enclosed is a copy of the notes prepared for Ambassador Marof, at his request, which will give an indication of his approach.

3. On points {a) and (b) above, it would suffice if the Secretary-General requests Mr. Narasimhan and Mr. Vellodi to look after these matters on his behalf. He may perhaps take up the question of refugees in Basutoland and Swaziland with the UN High Commissioner for Refugees.

4. The Secretary-General may wish to inform the Officers about the education and training programme for South Africans.

5. On the question of staff, the Secretary-General could inform Ambassador Marof that we shall continue to provide all assistance to the Committee. We are at present having consultations with the Office of the Controller and we have received a few extra posts which will strengthen Mr. Reddy's Unit.

13 ipril 1965

't ite mae· ng on ? dp.dl 1965, the Speei 1 C 'ttee on A he.:id

r cu sted its Uffic rn to fkoet ~nth th Secret~-C'reneral nd consult an li.e a

to en . tr go gre :t. r ro p o · o it!!! r alief arxl ae ia ce to thos

pol'secut by the Sout.1 · ican G t :for th ir opposition to ap;trtheid.

Th ·olJ.owing paper s 111 order to !aci 'tat.e dise ai

of th tter.

Onl,y two ,o ·ernr:an ·

Sp 0:1.' l ca.n-m. ttco 15

! s contr ntribution

c contribution

- 1964, ioJirich to r .,6 Dec

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or tha n ds in ~ A b. ld'ri~a

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the re.fu s t eaent

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thu tne tlpacir.1l Cot:wi.tt. e baa or~zations, but

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b th Unit 1 r atio or . th . ...pee· C

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Spec · C ttea: I ha.

llS (a) it l-tOuld be invidu

houlu not be ~v n not d aiJ:ubl fot• ith9r th bp

In 1" 'ar:i 964, I I

U! E voluntrry Ol'g rlizationa S

but the -

Ttw D

0

its

o;~poc

c

cc ar.d f..id. •Com

of.' or nizati

th orr.anizationsj n ( ) cr t "t.·· which are per

e or orga.ni ioru1

8 t tho possibility of a r sinele chonu con ib

Collins~ has "'n the li1oet 1'fect ·

nationalist ~o~t gr tetul f s t it

lvi."lg

her •

, seve al c ~mt iea interest in the ap . uJ. but

act ion untU t he r eontrl.butors · c ed. d d to can-

tr ·but 5, 000, but fr th ek ver tha deci i n. Iran

decid in princi tributo h.ll not quiries

lUlve c u.a fr a lar ~· mm or of ot ct• delenatian Efforts ·: to obt ·

c. con ribut'on fra .. th U •• GwerroJS'lt but it o to ha e ecided gainat ..

it ha.o b oO'..c.c cuu: · o s "'r er the ctions to the al"lL zago The tioc · t ta.t may ~k ntributiono after a number ot count.ri • c

by than: at this at·· e uld ~ politic 1J.¥

' .. ' .

-5

CtOo

cret y-Gene !1..olp at this ataee b.v' lendl.n, good

of:ices to encou.r. e cont ibutiClllflo Token contributions of to five thousa.rxl

doll.ars r fiva m six StLJ.tes ill encouraee man..v others. (The !'all mg

on:=-; tates which JnSy" r sp favour ly: Iran, P·•klstan, Philippines, Ir q

,A. • b'thiop ' ; NiBerw; icrocco, Tu:1isia, Li , Chile)..

The S')ibil:lty of est.ublishing ~. U.N. Truot Pund - to receive and ocate contributi s oo per b conside ed before the next Ass :bl~ sesei no It

J.d be d a.irab e t appoint trust cs r om dele0 tion ~llld avoid Seer ,t· r:i.a.t.

'molventent, thou · the · c1 ta1··· at r. ~ 11 lp i:'li'o in eontucts rit.h Yol\ult

oreard~a.tions.

The ··-cr tary..r. eral c J)\;_hn,p be particular}¥ h lpful in cannexi.on

\, · th the l'ai\lg-e problct:~.

The ' t ' Nationa h Cc j • • sioner for Re ugea told r,: in Jt, brnary ~964

lu-:.t h ' ould. ~lp ref\ g "l docum~nts, good office , et • , but t ;t

he .;ould .f' ind - dir rv. .i .1 fie 1 t ns it n da a h. que '"'t by th ho

G er · t {Unit-d - ........... ae So th Africa ·sas con::.r·· utor to the Unit

N tian lligh C"":lutia l~ef r;~..:e read~ agreed ith my sugy,e ion

organiEi:.liioms and ~pu.

t y, the Special CorJm .t

e .. :!.PP- (~c.:·· liicn to D

Pe )?G tL ~ U! ~CR l'\ml o fer ·C. •• hir. g

or t d .. <:~ieillg. !or ov 1: is in ep dent and a the High CcmmiD ion

Te.rritori o e becar.ing elf -goTorning,. it r:q be S\117#Bted t!w.t they ma.y 1"8(1Ueat

the Hieh C or i'o · R•fug o for eistnnco. o mjor oper :ti car1 bo

cont .plate · s tho en in c ,n~c-ne vitb inte t: on of :-taf\lgee in host

coo.ntrieo, uililc n·o3!. of til" Sout refuf,e s ar.d t e~" J o:·rt. countrie do

not Gek .uc i.ntcera.tian ..

The UNRCP r, y "Lso ·h ps help uith regard to t h 300 efug e in

asutol..:: d cmd ziland .. ·deb to leave tho t~ritories ' hich co

surrouad

. o ·kin8 on tho • os~ibiliti - c~ an L•lift but h s not m e . ;uch progresao

. . . .

- 6

So h r..fricu has, h• 1964, ullo.-.

tba an-.U'ricani t C lV,'a ... s:

• Potk..ko ballo,. ac in~ load-r of'

~cuth 1i.frica on his \l . ~r :

Dno ·toland to Glmna In Jll'i t ·ef :.."C : th:::>re is possibility of

per. ·:as · on bai.ng gr!J othut·3.

Bot Be.suto • iJ..a.nd • h~ppy to seP. the tiouth A~ri.

le['../e and uJ.c uui: , So h rica... The United r in em Go r rnment

ilt~Y etlso li'ke tl sfel of the 1· as BG eral havo noN becO!l involved

in a :vo 'tical t _•i...l n B<.su .olandu 'i~ u r r 1gees then!S 1 s are reported to b

· · ous to lea.V•3 or :htg t.o Prof sc Z K .. Jla.t"'ha repr sentat .. ve: or t-ho P· -.8! rican:..:Jt Co ty.• : · ,

P .l.'h;;.ps th eta .. y-1' n ·r· l ,,. • r t: nsider cilitati c the transfer of

these refugees lJY' oni'i e:>.tial dis~us i 11ith the United llingdarti epre nta.ti a E:lC'Ueat t thEJ u .N High Ga;!!d.s io lC.l' r 1' Ra ee1t to e.rran~ the . ·l; ..

'l'h N::l.ucutio. r se

r .p rt f th~ lli·ou_ f aittce on A ., :th . c r!

,e!' ,C( itsclf w:\:tll tl ;_5 runt.t·r_, C CDD\i fOJ' nV!""""""Sing in' ereat end elc ming the

·_cr~tury-~ener ,

l,;o sulta.'d.o would J.e,

thiiJ ·· s t.hc e; sly ·-c., the South A.fri ·•

"uc 1 om:ult~tit. li ·undo_ st.<md:in.r.:9

G-3 •• . I"t1. A~r 1 . 't~ c

f..t r~g:~· o- t !.Jr ~ec , th_ educ:.ttion p... gran~ auld be

related in practice.~ t,hoU[";h to a. ::m.all extent, to the relief progrcumr.e in 'fhic

the S cial Cc;:. ri.tte · s c. n .. erned ..

The educa· .~.onu1 • o .-· 1 h tev , is the spcnsi ility o t Secret

G 3ral un der nds to a ons:..d r,. le 7t,ent t e aup t 1e_ s : ic.h a

oop sed to ocon r··· ~ • ctj on3 ll. vcct~.ted y the c Ccmmi:t.te

It :.ro•t : .... h _ .fo ·e: \J_ d sil.,.bJe that the "pecill."l C . ~.10 ld .ot

too involved ogri.!IilT·.,.; o thu~. it can r.ore f1·ealy p ue its political

It tot ~

:U .>ectiv in e

' . . ..

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i.ious

' ·

(b)

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(d) The S

(o) Tt!.s

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s.veral lel

con· b tio· .a oi' on to i'ive " oua nd dol

• (Iran, Philippines Iraq

• i o:r ~co Tuni ·i1, Libya, Chile).

:ons of. ~ ;, bli..J in.", c~ Unit~ed lJ~ t..:.cns trust

.. • d; ec:c:uss \11ith the Uni .ed ;augdotll

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" .... otte · th::J.. h mi ~t c

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UNITED NATIONS (~ NATIONS UNIES m INTEROFFICE MEMORANDUM MEMORANDUM INTERIEUR

TO: A: ihe Secretary-{len~V~\•\~') DATE: 17 January 1967

~•c~ -------THROUGH : S/C DE:

FROM: A. Nesterenko, Under-secretary.t,·· bE: Department of Political and Se y tt121Utatn

.I

SUBJECT: Work of the Special Committee on A~theid OBJET! - ~

••••• I enclose, for your information, a note by the Principal

Secretary of the Special Committee on Apartheid on varioua

matters under consideration in the Committee.

.. ... .

TO: A:

THROUGH: 8/C DE:

FROM: bE:

•l NATIONS UNIES ~ ~

UNITED NATIONS

INTEROFFICE MEMORANDUM MEMORANDUM INTERIEUR

DATE: 17 January 1967 Mr. A. Nesterenk.o, Under-secretary Department or Political and Security Council At'fe.irs REFERENCE: -------

E.S. Reddy, Chief Section for African Questions

1. I wish to draw your attention to certain developnents concerning the work of the Special Committee on Apartheid.

2. The Special Camnittee has started its work early this year with the election of a bureau of four so that the bureau can function continuously and ensure adequate consultations and preparatory work. In informal discussions, members undertook to participate more actively in the work of the C001111.ittee. At the last meeting, several members made concrete suggestions on the programme of work. It may be expected that the Caumittee will not continue to be the "Chairman 1 s cammi ttee" •

3. The proposed conference or seminar on southern Africa seems likely to be one of the main items of concern to the members of the Camni ttee, though the planning cannot be finalized until the Canmi ttee of Twenty-Four begins its work. The Chairman has contacted the Ambassador of SWeden about the possibility of holding this Conference or Seminar in Stockholm around 15 July {as an earlier date was not convenient).

4. The Cammittee has decided to send an appeal to Governments and organizations to celebrate the Sharpeville Day - 21 March - which has been designated by the General Assembly as the International Day for the Elimination or Racial. Discrimination. Initial contacts indicate the possibility of widespread celebrations. The Secretary-General may wish to consider a mes~e an this occasion. ·

5. The Cammi ttee is likely to be concerned soon with efforts to pranote ful.l implementation of the arms embargo on South Africa. News has recently arrived of a decision by the caretaker Government in the Netherlands to grant permits for the sale of submarines to South Africa. If this sale is effected, the embargo may be completely undermined. The Camnittee may consider the matter at the next meeting and may perhaps, as a first ste;p, seek the good offices of the Secretary-General. {A note has been prepared on this matter).

- 2-

6. Members have expressed interest in the work of the Unit on Apartheid. The Ambassador of Sanalia, who is now rapporteur of the CCIIIDli ttee, suggested that the Unit should, as a matter of priority, produce a document on South West Africa before the special session of the General Assembly. This is, of course, essentially a matter for the Trusteeship Department. If the publication of a document for public distribution is feasible and worthwhile, it can be done in the name of the Unit on Apartheid or the O.P.I. The Trusteeship Department may be requested to consider this matter, and advise us, as the suggestion may soon be raised in the Bureau of the Special Committee on Apartheid.

7. There was great interest in maintaining close contact with anti-apartheid movements, encouraging them and supporting them. There was a suggestion for material and technical aid to such organizations. Two or three members suggested that the Chairman of the Committee or a delegation might attend the conference of European anti-apartheid organizations, schedul.ed to be held in Paris in May. (This conference was announced by M. Jean-Paul Sartre). The despatch of a delegation wUl, of course, have financial implications. One member suggested a monthly bulletin on anti-apartheid activities around the world.

8. There was considerable interest in pranoting co-ordination with the Committee of Twenty-Four. Such co-ordination will, in any case, be necessary for the organization of the Conference or Seminar on southern Africa, and on foreign economic interests in southern Africa.

9. Two delegates referred to the provision for holding sessions away from the Headquarters, but I hope this can be avoided this year.

ROUTING SUP

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PREP ARE DRAFT

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AS DISCUSSED

AS REQUESTED

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FOR INFORMATION

Date:

ex. ~~~

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FROM: DE:

• •

...,

13 May 1968

VISIT OF THE SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON APARTHEID 'ro S'roCKHOIM, LONDON AND GENEVA, JUNE 1968

By resolution 2307 (XXII), operative paragraph 13, the General Assembly

requested the Special Committee on Apartheid to intensity its efrorts to promote

an international campaign against apartheid and to this end authorized it:

(a) to hold a session away :from Headquarters in 1968; and (b) in consultation w1. th

the Secretary-General, to arrange for the advisory services of experts or special

studies on specific aspects of the campaign.

In the absence of precise indications from the sponsors, financial provision

was made in the Assembly for an expenditure of $77,000 for the session away from

Head~ters (on the assumption that it would be held in Geneva for three weeks)

and $20,000 for consultants and studies •.

Subsequently, the Special Committee discussed the matter and decided that

the session should be held in Stockholm, U:>ndon and Geneva. Consultations on the

new itinerary, clearance with the Committee on Conferences, etc., took some time

and were concluded in the middle of April.

The Committee decided to reduce the duration of the session to two weeks,

to have only seven formal meetings and to dispense with summary records. The

cost estimate for the session has, as a result, been reduced :from $77,000 to

$35,500.

'!he secretary of the Committee, Mr. Reddy, has recently visited Ellrope to

look into the arrangements for the session: in the light of his report, the

officers have made proposals to the committee which are summarized below. These

proposals are due to be discussed by the fUll Committee in a closed meeting on

Thursday, 16 May: the Chairman is likely to seek a meeting With the secretary­

General to inform him of the plans, after approval by the CoDDnittee.

***

Tentative plans

'!he Committee will leave tor Stockholm on Friday, 14 June, and hold its

session in Stockholm from 15 to 19 June.

Three formal meetings of the Committee will be held in the Parliament

building on 17, 18 and 19 June. The Committee Will be welcomed on behalf of the

- 2-

Swedish Government by Mrs. Myrdal.. 'Ihe Committee may invite up to ten prominent

Swedish and other Scandinavian personalities to participate in its meetings.

There would also be a number of informal meetings and receptions, press

conferences, etc.

The Swedish Government welcomes the visit of the Committee and has been most

helpful in making the necessary arrangements.

The Committee will be in London from 20 to 27 June. It Will hold four formal

meetings, and several informal meetings and meetings of Sub-Committees, at the Friends

Meeting House.

A number of organizations will appear before the Committee to present

memoranda and statements. It is anticipated that several Parliament members,

actors and writers, sportsmen, etc., will appear.

Two of the meetings may be conducted like Seminars With a number of experts

invited to participate (e.g. Canon Collins, Colin Legum, Ronald Segal, Dingle

Foot, M.P., Lord Brockway, etc.)

The last meeting will be devoted to a summing up of the session.

On 26 June, the South Africa Freedom Day, the Defence and Aid F\md led by

Canon Collins, is organizing a benefit performance at Albert Hall. The Committee

has been invited to attend and the Chairman {Ambassador Achkar Marof) has agreed

to speak.

Several receptions are planned, including one in the Parliament.

The Committee will then proceed to Geneva on 27 June for a day of informal

consultations with specialized agencies and non-governmental organizations.

Mr. MacBride, secretary-general of the International Commission of Jurists,

is arranging a reception.

The session will end on 29 June.

The Committee has under consideration certain themes to be discussed during

this session in Europe:

(a) The present situation in South Africa and southern Africa.

(b) The role of the United Nations in the present situation.

(c) Assistance to victims of apartheid and the question of moral, political

and material support to the liberation movement.

{d) Role of information and public opinion in the struggle against apartheid.

. .. . . .,.

- 3 -

In order to facilitate the discussions, it is proposed that the Committee

should request expert papers from some consultants - such as Mrs. Alva Myrdal,

Canon Collins, Colin Legum and Oliver Tambo.

Under the provisions of the General Assembly resolution 2307 (XXII), the

Committee is authorized to arrange for such studies in consultation with the

Secretary-General. Budgetary provision has been made for this purpose at $20,000:

it is anticipated that the papers can be obtained at $500-$1,000 each. The

Chairman Will need to consult With the Secretary-General with regard to these

papers soon after decision by the Committee, as there is little time before the

session for contacting the consultants, negotiating agreements and obtaining

the papers.

·' "

, NEW YORK TIMES, Wednesday, l9 March 1969

TO: A:

THROUGH: 5/C DE:

FRO II/I : OE:

UNITED NATIONS NATIONS UNIES

INTEROFFICE MEMORANDUM MEMORANDUM INTERIEUR

The Secretary-General ~~'I

L. Kutakov, Under-Secretary-General Political and Security Council Affairs

DATE: 27 March 1969

REFERENCE: -------

sUBJECT: Note on the Special Session of the Special Committee on the OBJET: Policies of Apartheid of the Government of the Republic of

South Africa, 17-18 March 1969

I am sending herewith, for your inf'ormation, the above mentioned note.

I wish to draw your particular attention to the main proposals for action that emerged from the session. The Special Committee on the Policies of Apartheid of the Government of the Republic of South Africa is expected to consider them in the near future.

NOTE ON THE SPECIAL SESSION OF THE SPECIAL COMr-ITTI'EE ON THE POLICIES

OF APARTHEID OF THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA 17-18 ~ARCH 1969

Introduction

1. The Special Committee held on 17 and 18 March 1969 a special session with

the participation of a panel of experts conversant with the situation in southern

Africa, a number of religious, student, trade union and other American non­

governmental organizations,the representatives of the specialized agencies which

have usually co-operated with the Special Committee, particularly in the field of

the dissemination of information on apartheid, the chairmen of the United Nations

organs dealing with problems of southern Africa, and the representative of the

Organization of African Unity at the United Nations.

Agenda

2. After a first meeting devoted to the hearing of most of the organizations,

three seminar-type meetings were held for the discussion of the following topics:

(a) economic sanctions and related measures to secure the elimination

of aP!!;rtheid;

(b) role of non-governmental activity and information in promoting

effective action for the elimination of apartheid; and

(c) moral, political and material assistance to the liberation

movement in its legitimate struggle and humanitarian assistance

to the victims of apartheid.

Economic sanctions and related measures to secure the elimination of apartheid

3. The item was introduced blf Prof. Elliot Zupnick, Professor of Economics

at the City University of New York, who had prepared a paper on "The impact of

General Assembly resolution 1761 (XVII) on South African trade and investments"

showing that (a) the South African economy was particularly vulnerable to inter­

national economic sanctions in view of the fact that South Africa's exports were

largely foodstuffs and raw materials which could not be diverted to domestic

markets and that its imports were of manufactured goods, the lack of which would

lead to widespread dislocation of the economy and could conceivably lead to total

economic collapse and (b) that economic sanctions against South Africa could not suc­

ceed without the co-operation of the United Kingdom, the United States, the

Federal Republic of Germany and Japan.

• ,. .

- 2 -

4. Other papers submitted for discussion included (a) a study entitled "the

United States should disengage from South Africa" by Mr. George Houser, Executive

Director of the American Committee on Africa, showing the extensive nature of the

involvement of American firms in aiding South Africa in its drive towards self­

sufficiency, ultimately strengthening apartheid,and the reasons for and the ways

of American disengagement from South Africa; and (b) a paper prepared by the

American Committee on Africa calling for co-operation between African State and

non-governmental organizations with regard to action against companies investing

in South Africa.

5. Representatives of a number of church organizations and the Students for a

Democratic Society informed the Committee of their campaign to get their organi­

zations to give up their investments in banks and corporations that gave loans or

credits to South Africa. It was in this context that the attention of the Special

Committee was drawn to an advertisement which had appeared in the New York Times

of 18 t<iarch 1969 indicating the Chemical Bank 1 s involvement in promoting investments

in South Africa, and that consequently the propriety of having the Chemical Bank

as "the bank of the United Nations" was questioned.

6. During the discussion of the item the following proposals were made.

The Special Committee should look carefully into the ways in which

Member States have contravened the United Nations resolutions and in particular

how they have bypassed the Security Council's resolution on the embargo on arms

to South Africa. In this connexion the Committee's attention was drawn to the

fact that some non-military materials and products provided by the United Kingdom

and the United States were easily convertible into military equipment or had an

unquestionable military significance.

To assist Member States in their boycott of South African goods, the

United Nations should undertake a study of all trade with South Africa, including

lists of specific commodities.

A selective embargo, for instance on oil supply to South Africa,can

have a significant effect if it is effectively enforced.

The United Nations should also promote an international currency not

based on gold because this commodity is the true strength of South Africa.

The United Nations should establish a boycott of postal services,

telecommunications and transport to South Africa.

- 3 -

The United Nations should take steps to guarantee Lesotho, Botswana

and Swaziland their rights under the Convention on Transit Trade for Land-Locked

States.

Role of non-governmental activity and information in promoting effective action for the elimination of apartheid

7. Most participants felt that greater awareness of the evils of apartheid and

greater concern at the level of the various organizations were needed to influence

power groups and ultimately help Member States and particularly the United States

Government to disengage from South Africa. Greater dissemination of information

on apartheid was consequently needed on a continuing basis through all media. It

was suggested that the United Nations should set up a Radio Free Africa to broad­

cast educational programmes, warnings regarding informers, indictments of particu­

larly abusive South African officials etc., and convene a conference of influential

national and international non-governmental organizations, especially in the Western

World to plan a programme and develop methods for focussing public opinion on the

evils of apartheid.

Moral. pelitical and material assistance to the liberation movement in its legitimate struggle and humanitarian assistance to the victims of apartheid

8. The item was introduced by Mr. Robert Resha representing the liberation move­

ment who said that the resolution on mobilization of the world community in support

of the just struggle of the peoples of southern Africa adopted by the International

Conference in Support of the People of the Portuguese Colonies and southern Africa

held in Khartoum, Sudan from 18 to 20 January 1969, had spelled out the material

assistance required by the liberation movements. He stated that any organization,

be it revolutionary, progressive, religious or pacifist had a specific role in the

struggle of liberation movements for independence, freedom and human dignity. On

the question of channels to be used to provide aid, he did not favour a "central

pool" but either direct aid to the liberation movements or aid through the

Organization of African Unity.

9. Some participants stressed the interrelation between apartheid, colonialism

and imperialism in southern Africa and urged the Special Committee to study the

question of apartheid in the context of the alliance existing between South Africa,

Southern Rhodesia and Portugal.

NEW YORK TIMES, Wednesday, 28 May 1969

"South African Airwagalnvilea 139 DifltinguiaW

• the headline of an advertisement carried In the N• Y tll'lr TU.s and elsewhere by S.A.A. to promote its new weekly ~t from New York to Johannesburg whicli 'began Febru~ 8, 1969. "To share milestone inaugural flij!it.s with 189 dis­tiDaruJshed Americans,'' the ad continues, "call your travel aRJlt •.•

tuWe'd bike the pleasure of you,r com~ •• .'~

Tile pl«uuure of whose company, S.A.A.?

LIT

We ask because millions of our Amed~n compatriots cannet tell from the words 9f your advertiseliJents, your attrac­tive travel brochures, and . the various pUblications of the South Afriean government, that you don't nally mean any

We know too that black South. AfrictuU fare wo ,_

American with $784 air fare.

You don't sag whose· comjHmg because it.rDOultl be againlt our ltuD to advertize that any "welcome" to South Africa is re­served for whites only under your government's laws.

we woultl in their own country. They have no vote, aDd are not represented in lO legislatures. Their trade uniou are not recognized ancl ~q have no right to 'ke. Thett income is about one-tenth that t1f white South Africans. Their life expectancy is little more than half. Thebi political parties are banned, their leackta are in prison or in exile. White South Africa rules a ruthless police atate.

We are black Amerieans-non-whites like 80 per cent of the population of South Africa. And we kilow that the first

to "welcome" us on arrival in J ohanitesburg would bl! r>H"!UUIV designated areas--signs Which Bay "European" and

The United Nations has repeated 'tOndemned South Mrica and its apartheid system. The Gelieral Assembly has asked member states to act by " relualng ing and ptlllltlfJe facUitiu to all aircraft belonging to the rnment of South

(which means white and black). Africa and companies registered under e laws of 'South Africa.

We therefore urge our goverment to support U.N. action ~nst ap&rtheid instead of aiding the South African govern-

! and its representatives like South ~irways.

South. African .Airwaga: The tour gbu promote u ~aciam. Rfleiam Ia not welcome here.

The hv. R•llth D. Al:.em1thy s.c.L.c.

Omar Peshe Al:.u Ahmed Inti. Cont. on Black Power

Cliff Anclcnon-L.A. L&Qnl

Arthur Ashe u. J)&ytrCup-7elm

D'

---~ .. M~ttO.ideA..._ A-. Nepo PrM.

lichen~ lamctt N.Y. Knickerbocker•

Count .... Hany lclefonte Welt lcllemy

Detroit Pl8to1111 Devc lins .

Detroit Pl•ton• Menn lond

Unlv.

Kenneth B. Cieri: The Hare Corp.

Leroy D. Cl.t New York Unlv. Law School

John H. Clerke P,..edo-a

William L Oey Conlfi'M8lllan

John ·Conye11, Jr. Con~tre~~~man

Gloster B. Current Director, Branchea, N.A.A.C.P.

Guelcl A. Deniel U.A.W. Inti. Dept

George. M. Deniels United Methodist Church

The U.S. AU:U Apartheid

Irving Devis s.N.c.c.

Ossic Devil Tommy Devis

Seattle Pllot.l C. C. DeJoie, Jr. . Tll• LotHciGtiG W••'"*'

· The Rev. Cenon Welter DCilnia Cathedral of St. .John the Divine, (N.Y.C.)

l emcs Dlckenon Artl•t

Cherles C. Dips Conl(riHIIld

R. Hercour:t Doclcl1 DeJ!UlY Commluloner, N.Y.C. Pollee ])(opt.

Herry Eillwenls Former 9halrman, Olympic Comm. tor Human Rlcht.l

Nel1011 J. Edwerds Executive Board, U.A. W.

Lee ev .... Olympic Gold Medal Winner

Cherlu Even Ml•l•lppl N.A.A.C.P.

Jemcs Formen • atl. Bl&ft Economic D elopment Conf.

'EuMce Gey 2'MP~,.,_

~<:! ....... Simeell Goler

.T.c. Com~o6 H amanRII(bta

Gelles F. Goldat &a'= UDited;-lllediiiC c.-.. Goidktt 2'¥

Un &a

~Cill I

Gntft ~ ......

~hll&clerpida 18era Charles V. Hemilton

Roosevelt Unl¥. Jemcs T. Hems, Jr.

Natl. Catholic Cont . for Interracial Juatlce

Richenl Gordon Hetchcr · Mayor, Gary, Indiana Augustus Hewkinl

Concreeantan ~ler G. Hawkin1

"CierCYJJr&n Dorothy I. Height ·

Nat!. Council of Necro Women ViVien Hcndcnon

Clerk Collel"e Aeron E. Henry

MI ... Aippl N.A.A.C.P.

Siglltltura:

lobby I.. HiD State Rep., Georcl&

Norman Hill J.. lph Inllt.

felni W M.D; Pr .. dent-Blect. Pii,-mc~ana · Forum

Robert Hoob NICI'O Bllamble Co,

Willie Horton DetroltT!Prw

Phil Hutchins s.N.c.c.

llyden Jecbon American Comm. on Atrlca

Lerry Jecbon Brooklyn Coli ...

Luke Jeckson ~elphl& 78er•

HulbertJa atl. elrare Rlshu ore.

J Johnlon c.c;:.

DeYicl :P_:!oncs Baqj!JA T lbr (..Help

IJJoncs auau Co~~~n•l•loa.

Human .BI8Iita J. l.ymond J011cs

cllman, N.Y.c. J-

Conred Lpft Attonle7

R.bbi W. A. Metthaw 111thlopl&n B......, Ore·

Deniel G. M1ttlleW1 .A.&Icua Blbllopaplc Center

Bcnjl!mln E. Mays PreL EmerltUI, JrOrehoUM Collep

David McAdem1 IAon Tempelllman A lion

H. Cerl McCell Cl.al'l")'man

Cherlcs T. McKinney AttorniiY

Floyd 1. Mt Kissick

The permit granted to South Mriean .Airways in 1968 by the Civil Aero­nautics Board with the approval of President Johnson (and the continued acceptance of President Nixon) is only one example of aid the U.S. gives to racist South Africa. Locating space tracking stations there, aiding nu­clear development od other industrial and scientific knowledge, and even a sugar quota help wealthy South Africa. U. S. investments in South Africa have reached approximately esoo,000,-000 and the U.S. now ranks next to Britain in its share of South Mriean· trade.

You Can Help Ask for revoution of the permit te S.A.A .. Write to the Presidellt = CiviL Aeronautics Board, 1825 onnectieut Ave., Waabington, D.

Alltcrt J. McQueen Oberlin Colleae

Frenk C. Momcro ~~~and

Eloise MONiancl Y.W.C.A.

S. S. Morris, Jr. Cleruman

JelutA.M-n N.A.A.C.P.

Muhemmed Ali Boxer

W. Stuert Nelson VIce PreBldent (Retired) Howard Unlv.

MoscsJ.Newion A/7'0-AtllerioGtl N~W~PGflllf'C

Robert N. C. Nix Coacre•man

Elcenor Holmes Norton Amerle&n Civil Llbertlea Union

William H. Oliver U.A. w. F&lr Pre.cttcea Dept.

Frcdcrid: O'Ncel cton Zquf

Gonion Paib arau Brother•lf Arta

Friderid: D. Pattenon PlleiiJII-Stoke• Fund

Wllr""' lihd Peync ratt lflaUtute

Semucl R. Pictce .Judp

Chennins E. PhUiipa Wuhlactoa Bou•l~ Developmeat Corp.

Alvin F. Pou .. int, M.D. Tutta UDiv. School ot Medicine

Adem Cleyton Powell Co~

~k.w:.U..-.JJ ... ~~ A. PhiiiD Rendolph

Brotberlaood of Sleeplq·Car Portaa

a...t.l. ..... Allileadl , .T.

G.rtlt C. leeves N fchtti t't.N

N-.ai. R. ltll Unlt.a Kedlo!Uat Chu:Ja ~ ..... ~'b~-

Jemcs H. Rollinson Cle!'P}Il&ll

J. Mcb: RdlliM, Jr. • Natl. Comm. ot Blaclli Churchmen

lcyerd Rustin . A. Philip Randolph In.t.

leuleh S.ndan N.Y. Citywide Coord. Comm. of Welfare Groupe

C. A. Scott AUGKtG Dcrill/ Worl4

Jlfja H. Sengsted:e ·~· Newepapera

• L. Shcff'~eld w.

KitMrt I. Sll.w c$8bop, A.M.E. Zion Church

Del Shields N&tl. Aaoc. of R&d.lo ud T.V. Announcen

Nl .. Simona stnpr

S...ucl N. Slie l'utor, Yale Unlv.

A. ICCildeR Smith C~e"cYman

.lam11 R. Smothers, Jr. ValtH Necro Collep ll'und

Frenk L Stenley 2'1&1 LOtdcvUk D•l..._

Minnie F. Stein UnltH Kethocll8t Church

Hope R. Stevens N.Y. Uptown Chamber of ommerce

Cl,ll ,l. Stokes llalor ot Cleveland, Ohio

Claua Stone al'J. Cont. on Black Power

Elrill"-th Suthctlettcl ....,..,... l'1iblb1ler

I; ... hattaD Boroqta Pnlklent

Rotililt L Teegu,::..c-NaatAIII' YIIIIOD N.,

Jl S. Thome~ Ualtad~

COL l,tolt H. We&hinatoll, Jr. ....... ....... ,..._ H W'dllem1

rball Cent.r, Colwnbla. Uaff, Job A. Willie1111

r (H Wilmore

ted Pr•byterJu CJuJrclr C.E. WIIMn

I.S. 201, N. Y.C. WiUiem Worthy

2'la1 BGIUmore 4JN-A ........ Nethen Wright

Author, Socloloclft Iuddy Youns

l'orntlr Prof....at J'oottiall Player

Whitney M. Young, Jr. National Urban X..,U.

r---------~----------------

American Committee on Afrllcll 164 Madison A-.• New York, N. .. 10018

- I w•nt help. Enclos.cl is$---

- Send me further inform•tion.

Neme . . .... . ........ . .... . ................. •..••.•••• •••••••

l to Pan American Airl,il\", the only U. S. line that flies to South Africa. Tell the President an aid t o SoOth Africa shoU~..MJ:~we:rnn!Yd.m~..·i-te~l._y_lO~u~r~c~o~n\:.---l.......QAdi!.ld!:.!:! .. W••""· ......... ..... ................... ...... ............ ........ ....... ..................... ...... .................... :....:.· ....................... .......................... .......................... L-1.

ea. • S. investments in South Africa have reached approximately $800,000,·

000 and the U.S. now ranks next to Britain in its share of South African­trade.

You Can Help Ask for revoeatiori ot the permit to S.A.A .. Write to the President and the Civil Aeronautics Soard, 1825 Connecticut Ave., Washington, D.C. Plotlat to Pan American Airl~!!S, the only U. S. line that flies to South Africa. Tell the President all aid ~ South Africa should be ended; tell your Con­gressmen, too. Contribute to the American Committee on Afrka to help its work in public information and action, and aiding the African struggle for freedom.

- I Wl nt to help. Enclosed is$---

- Send me furtha infonnation.

N•me . .. . ... . . ...... . . . . ..... .. ... . . .. . . .......•..••..••.•

AdciPeu ... .. . . .. .......... .. ......... .. .. .. ........... . . . .

City ••••••••••••••••••••••• 0 State . •..• •••.•• • ' . Zip.. .... • • l __ -

NEW YORK TIME:S Thursday, 27 Nov.1969

. Special to ThUfew Yort "'laut

26 DURBAN, ~~uth Africa, Nov. _The M1n1ster of Finance,

Dr. NJcholaas Diederichs, vig­orously denied today South Africa's decision not b renew a $40-million credit re: serve "d provJ ed by American ba~ks. had been influenced by clvll-nghts demonstratio · the United States ns m

. Dr .. Diederichs in an inter­'V_l~W m !ntcnia, said the de­CtSJon .a, .#op the credit had been made as a result f ~~ no . . o eco-~:c considerations. He add-

ed. l want to state catle.llolri"" ly that we were not ~ ·~ :f. • ' -~-;--=- Ji .. . -·~. . ... ~ .......

. • .

P this

. •• - ·; .";;)i'i'( ~

the years but pay "a great ~eep. it operating. He havmg not used the cr d"t

more than thr e 1 ing paid ll e! years and hav- 1

d a "''ese costs w o n~t now see the nee'd t~ ~:~a~ .• ~perating longer than

NEW YORK TIMES, Wednesday, 26 November 1969

There was no immediate ment from. the ffnanclallnstitu-1 tions lnvol"Ved. A spokesman for ~1· one, the Chase Manhattan Bank, said that it would be "im­proper" to issue a public state-! ment on confidential deallngsj with a client.

The decision Involved a $40-mlllion revolving credit plan from 11 AmericaD banks and that expires Jan. 8. The ar­rangement, which has been sub­ject to annual extensions, was initiated ln December, 1949, with four banks at a figure of $10-million.

The arrangement has been the target of frequent criticism · and demonstrations by churches, ' civil rights leaders, students : and poilticlans. They charged 1

that the banks were eupportlng and giving mo~ sanction to · the system of apartheid, or ra­cial separation, fD South Africa.

Itwas defended by the banks, however, on the ground that support of South Africa's eco­nolnlc progress did not constl· tute endorsement of her racial policies.

In addition to Chase Manhat· tan and Morgan Guaranty, those involved In the consortium are the Bank of America, First Na­tional City Bank, ManufactuJers Hanover Trust Co., Bankers Trust Co., Chemical Bank, Con­tinental Illinois National Bank and Trust Co. of Chicago, First National Bank of Boston, First National Bank· of Chicago and Irving Trust Co.

The Rev. George Houser. ex­ecutive director of the Ameri­can Committee on Africa, a 15-year old organization that has coordinated demonstrations against the credit arrange­ment, said yesterday that he had no direct evidence that the ban.~bad put pressure on South A~Dca DOt to Ten ... ,..,.Ht~I'Kl credit ~ement.

THE NEW YORK TIMES,SUNDAY,DECEMBER2 1969

.Specfal to Tbt New 70111 'l'llllttl UNITED NATIONS,N.Y.,Dec.

20-Photographs of the 1960 Sharpeville massacre and scenes of apartheid in South Africa ap­pear in the new Issue of Ob­jective: Justice, a United Na­tions quarterly magazine.

The magazine is published by the Office of Public Itlfor­m!ltion in response to General Assembly resolutions for the spreading of '""'"""­tlon about racism, apartheid and colonialism.

This Issue also offers articles based on reports made ln the last seven years to the United Nations Special on Apa'l"theid. An the Rev. AmQrose ~ishop of Ohlmr:teSI)urg, counts the 1960,

By tmnui Mt'BURGB · -..-ne'ICtwT .. ,.... DtJIQA!II, Squth Afrlcac

Dec. 22-Aian Paton Is un· compromising. The 65-year­old SQuth African author's opposition to apartheid and raclal ~ustlce Is total, lm· placable, vocal.

Tbls VIgorous, activist lib· eral detects the promise of change ln. his troubled coun· try perhaps after a decade. It Is a hesitant, fragile ad· vance tomrd a more JuSt socie~ that he sees, but It Js

. chatfle 'iimrthetess. He Js concerned but not despairl.dg

"l have. n9 ~ of hope· lesll:l.ess," .he sjlys. ''Under a strOnHhat is, authoritarian -i.Gd11'etllment It always looks as thoqb the spirit of inde­pendence Is lost And Qten one sees the lively young PeQI!Ie and a few of the mod· ern, moi'lllffilii'il "Afrikaners."

Mr. Paton, the author of "Cry, the Beloveif Country" and one of the best-known South AtriCIUIJ abroad, re­cently announced his with· drawal from active party pol· ttics to concentrate on senous writing.

"I have lost the taste for polemics," he explained In an Interview. "The level of day­to-day debate puts me off. I wUJ .11ever cease to be Inter­estell Jri'•:Pollti~ and I will IJ't:tatoni!ly speak on the iub­jK~ Jmt lq ~ general---you may •1;Y,"lDOte lofty-5ort of waY., And I 1rill write, of co ursa. ·~ 1ll!l p t older yoa do

not f .. l the Issues quite so ~· ou've leam;d the leQOJI ~ success Js nbt the ~ $Qnla thiDP you've 1ot to d~ fo1 their own sake. '

Marded 1111 Secl'etary was the of the

ceased to after the

Go\iermneat ilrofllbitled multi­organiza

the Afrlfcaners-descendan.ts of Teu~nlc peoples - ud dedi~ted to separatloil of the ra~ 1n 1960 hi• :P~rt wu WJceted. No tuither ac­tion ;lias been taken 1P.IilSt him ;l~~li~ hiS b0111& ]las 1*m ~-~ tlte leeurlty pollee from ltlnie tci time. ·~.PI I am too well

•JdiOWD and they fear rejler· -i;liiiion"" Jie stY'· ....

A man wltb • sUJih...,. ckl.sh air, his ll!ied; florid

ace loJ!ped by a mop or pure white Jiair, ]\e 4ispJi.Ys a total absence of lllil~a. He never evades a questlcfn, the answer to which renel?lib­eral values o~fu com· promising lllicl ed purity thtt"'l~Mi o d be considered prls in any 60· clety. In his land the majority regard them as little short ol blaspblll®\18.

He en~ges U&Ue clWule In south Africa Clumsl' tlie next 10 Yft.l'l. uptlilllflJa:

"The education ilyejl to black people Is atill too back· ward to en11ble them to ad· vance. And whlle you have a tremendous !nc~me gap be·

By TAD SZULC ...-lw"l'U New Yorlr. '1'1llwl

WASHINGTON, SepL China has negotiated or newed aid and meDts with 24 tries

The Chinese havtDeJO~ or renewed agreements ·tor \. aid or trade with countries desipated iD white.

Only t~e I.M.F., Not Central • 0

Banks, Could Purchase From Sout~ Africa

~ MH·-:~­~ to lflitt1Cnoi

WASHINGTON, Dec. Tbe agreement that iS ·emergiing\ among natiot~al financial ers on til~ delicate IssUe south Afftcan gold ;rill serve an important States obJeCtive-the cot1tinued refusal of governments central banks to buy gold in the free market or directly South Africa.

ThJs basic principle of the agreement was learned from entirely reliable sources. South Africa benefits to the

1

extent that she will be able to sell some gold under carefully specified conditions to the In· temational Monetary Fund and thus will not be forced to lower the price of her main com· modity.

The practical

Price StabWty seen

"'n<'W YORK TIMES, Tuesday, 23 December 1969

The rough "floor" would re· sult from provisions allowing south Africa to dispose, under · the given conditions, of some of her gold to the I.M.F. at $35 an ounce. But the great bulk of newly mined south African gold would be sold on the tree .market, thus tending to pre­vent any noticeable rise in th8j price above $35. ·

1 south Africa, It Is under-'stood, could no longer adop a policy of deliberately with holding gold from the marke to force up the price.

'lbe en\erging agreement has resulted as a compromise of the sometimes conflicting positions of essentially three parties -the United State~. European central banks and south Africa. It is understood that the United States the outcome as

.....

TO: A:

THROUGH : 5/C DE:

FROM: OF.:

SUBJECT: OB.IET:

UNITED NATIONS ~~) NATIONS UNIES ~ ~

INTEROFFICE MEMORANDUM ~EMORAN~UM INTERIEUR

.. _ ,//'\,\"\ 17 October 1969 ~ ..<""\'f"\ DATE: ----

'l'be SecretarT-General ~ 1 ;,;.

Leonid Kutak.ov 1 UDder-Secretary-General Political and Security Council Af'f'airs

Report of' the Special C:O..i ttee op Apartheid

REFERENCE: ------

I aa herevi th enclosi.Dg a DOte prepared by the Section f'or African Questions on the report of' the Special eo.aittee on Apartheid.

I have uked the Section to prepare turther DOtes, as appropriate, on the discussion of' this report in the General Ass•bly.

•' ' . ,.

JIO'l'E OW THE REPORT OF ftB SPECIAL C<Ma'l"l'EE ON APARTHEID

The report aubai tted by the Special ec-i ttee on Apartheid to the

current session of the General Aas•b17 reflects a sipificant cbaftse of

e.phasis .:f'roll the previous reports of the ec-ittee.

It •Y be recalled that the ec..i ttee had been aet up ader

resolution 1761 (XVII) of 6 llovsber 1962 in which the Aaa•8l.y first

~ended specific aeaavea aga1Dst the South A1'r1can Govenaent. All

the previous reports of the ec-i ttee pft prillary iaportance to econc.ic

S&Dctions as the onl.7 peacef'ul aeana to reaolYe the situation. Successive

reports added other propoaala for action on such aatters aa assiata.ace

to the liberation IIO'Yeaent, caapaip for release of prisoners, hla&Ditarian

assistance to the victias of apartheid, diss•ination of in1'ol'll&tion,

sports boycott, etc.

-In the present .report, tbe ~ittee has atresse4 that ecoDOiliC

aaactioD& -haft been ine:UectiTe because of the non-co-operation of the

•in tradiDg pe.rtnera of South A:trica (United n~, United States

of Aaerica, J'ed.eral Republic of Gel'IIB.IV, Japan, Italy &Dd France) aDd

that the cJuser of violent collf'lict has ~ bece~~e a reality.

-The ec-ittee concluded that the United lfations auat give utaost

priority to pra.oti~~g assistance to the oppressed people of &Nth A:rrica

and .to their liberation .JlO.,.•eat. It added that United. llationa illi"o:rwation

actirtt;r should. 1ncreuiD817 be focuased toward this end. The araa

eabargo, ecoDDaic 8Ulctiona and related aeasures are U.ted as seeollldary,

tbo1lgh illportaat.

Assistpae to liberstioD !OW.!Dt

While the ec-i ttee has pointed out that the liberation 110v•ent bas

beea obliged to enpge 1n &riled struggle, it baa not proposed direct

assistance by or through the United llations 1n the amed. strugle. Re­

iterating . support for the existing United Natiou p~ea 1n the

huaani tar1aa ud edvcatioD&l fielda, it baa susgested 110re direct usiataace

to the liberation aev.enta through contributions of food, clothes, aedicine,

..

- 2-

eclueatioDal aaterials, facilitia and f'unds. Sueh contributiou are to

be Mde by Mea'ber Stata to liberation ao-n.ents 4irectly or thro'U8h the Organization of Mrtce Unity, rather tban the UDited Rations. !'he

Ull1 ted llatiou would only encoU1'88e the prorlsion of sueh assistance.

It aq be recalled tbat a m.ber ot put resolutions baft contained

provisiona app-.ltng to States to proTide aoral, political aDd .aterial

assistance to the liberation ao.,..ents in their le«itiate struggle. These

provisions bave not led to ~ concrete resulta in te1'lla of generating

greater -.terial. aid. Whether the present report will 1-.d to such resul ta

will pres.ably depeDd on the ll&chinery or aeaaurea for 111pl•eatatioa.

In this conneetion, it has been recc:.aeDded that the General

.Au•'bly autborize the Special eo..t ttee to take appropriate aeaaures,

in consultation with the Secretary-General and the Organization of A1'rican

Ura1 ty, to eacoUl'l!lge the prorlsion of assistance to the liberation ao••ent.

Intor-atton on a~eid.

As regards iDf'onation on apartheid., the report suggeata specific

aapeeta for special attention: (a) the questioa of prisoners; (b) the

legitillacy of the struagle against §;ptrth!id;(c) the collaboration of

certain States with South A1'riea; and (d) the tmited Ratione ettorta to

aol'ftl the probl•.

!'he ec:-1 ttee has reeo~aended tba t the Secretary-General inteaaity

the diss•ination of 1Df'ol'll8tion in the light of various re~eadatiODS.

It 11&7 be aoted that earlier reports bad proposed tbat the Secre'ta17-General

be requested to diss•inate infol"'U.tion "iB CODBultation with" tlae Special

eo-1 ttee on· Apartheid. This particular eh&Dge in the Rapporteur's dra:tt

was not drawn to the attention of the ec-tttee or discussed. It would

seell, however, that the present fol'IIUlation is aore appropriate as

various other o:rp.ns (notably the ec-tuion on H....an Rights) bave also

requested publicity on aspects of apartheid aDd the Special ec-1 ttee has

not been able to giTe sufficient attention to the Jl&tter durlng 1969.

• I I . ••

- 3-

Other r!?Zr!!'!'¥'• tiog

Fiaall7, attention 118.7 be drawn to certain new propoaala in the

report.

l. '!'he oc-i ttee r~ends that travel coata aDCl other facilities

be proVided to appropriate liberation aovsenta to seDd repreaentati vee

to participate in its •eetings.

It -.y be recalled tbat the S,.Cial ec-ittee has beea able to

invite such representatives in 1968 &Dd 1969 under the proViaioDS authorizing

it to arrange tor Consultations vitb. experts. '!'he nev proposal, however,

would in~lTe a recognition or the liberation aovaaents and would set a I

new precedent which aight be tolloved ill other c:a.i ttees.

2. '!'he ec-i ttee baa recc.~~eDCI.ed tbat all states be rectueated to

prohibit airlines and ahipping lines resiatered in their countries rrc. prov141Ds service to and rn. South At'rica, and to d~ all tacUities to

all air linea aDd shippi.Ds lines proTidiDg services . to and rrc.. Soutb Africa.

It aay be recalled tbat General Aaaaably reaolution 1761 (XVII) referred

only to tae South African A1rwap aDd lhippiDg lines. An O.A.U. resolation

ot 1964 to extend the African bo;rcott to airlinea aDd shipping lillea

reaiatered. in otller countries has aot been ilaple.ented. There ia little

eTidence that the present ~endatioa v1ll lead to etf'ectiTe illpl•eatation

at this tille.

3. The ec-ittee baa expressed the hope tbat the United Natiou

and specialized asenciea would retrain rro. co-opera tinS Vi th banks and

tiaDcial enterprises which provide assistance to the South AtricaB Govenaent

aDd ooapanies.

'!'his ausseation vas pro"IOkecl by tile . probl• concerniDg the participation

ot the Ch•ical Ba.ak 1D a re"IOl ving crecli t to Soutb At'rica. It coTers a

Wider tiel.d, bovever, u it refers to banks providins aaaiatance not onl.7

to the South Atric:an Governaent but also to South AtricaA ccapuiea.

N•eroua bu.ka and ti.Dancial enterprises in Weatern lurope aD4 Borth Aaerica

have been in~l'Yed in auch loaDs. The practical aspects or i.apl•entation

ot this ~endation v1ll need to be considered.

I I ...

• '

- 4-

4. The ec-ittee baa reco.aeDded that the Secretary-General assist

M•ber States with bro&dcuta on aJ?!tlheid and tbat he eoaaider, in

consultation with the O.A.U., the need for tbe eetabliehaeat of a radio

station to broadcast to eo•thenl Africa.

It aq be recalled that the Bcouaaie ad Social CouncU baa

~8Dded UDited ICations radio p~ee to southern Africa. Seftral

delegatioDB ezpreaaed resenatioaa on that proposal because ot ita cost

and for substantive reasona.

The report ot the Special eo.ti ttee reflects little enthusiUII about

tbat proposal. The S1J88e&tion tbat the O.A.U. be coDSUlted vas adopted

in order to defer the -.tter for :f'urther consideration: O.A.U. otticial.s

haft a1ree.cJ7 indicated little support for a United NatioDS radio station.

5. l':lnally, the C:C..ittee has susgeated that the present

arrang•ents reprdi.Dg ~i ttees with CC~~Petence on the southern African

questions should be renewed with a viev to pl"'OIItin« co-ordination and

110re etteeti'Ye action. It also suggested an expansion of :Its own

aaaberehip.

. It aay. be recalled tbat Algeria had augeated in 1966 tbat tlle

Special ec.ai ttee be expuded to include the aain trading partners of

South Africa.and tbat a single ~ittee be established to consider all

southern African problas. The first proposal could not be i.llpl•ented

because of the 1111V1111ngneas of the Western Powers to J01D the ~i ttee

and the second proposal did not obtain sutticient support.·

Duriag the ·past year, the Ccaai ttee baa repeatedly stressed the

inter-relatioDShip ot the racial and colonial p:roblaaa ia southern Atriea

and the need to consider th• in their inter-relatioDBhip. It bas not,

howeftl", given adequate consideration to concrete proposals in this

connexion .&Del aey .1n1. tiati Tea in the General Aas•bl.y will depend on

consul tatioDB during the debates.