RefGuideINT-2016.pdf - National Refrigerants Ltd

6th Edition 2016 Refrigerant Reference Guide

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION I — REFRIGERANTS: TECHNICAL DATA

4 Product Part Numbers

7 Refrigerant Property Summary

9 Application Summary

11 Product Data Summary and Thermodynamic Tables

12 R-11 and R-12 15 R-13 17 R-22 19 R-23 21 R-32 23 R-123 and R-124 26 R-134a 28 R-401A and R-401B 31 R-402A and R-402B 34 R-403B 36 R-404A 38 R-407A 40 R-407C 42 R-408A 44 R-409A 46 R-410A 48 R-414B 50 R-417C 52 R-422C 54 R-422B and R-422D 57 R-500 and R-502 60 R-503 62 R-507

64 R-508B

66 Ultra-Low Temperature Refrigeration

68 AHRI Chemical Names and Color Codes

SECTION II — RETROFITS AND CONVERSIONS

70 Introduction to Retrofitting: Blends Tutorial

71 Fractionation 79 Temperature Glide 87 Application Property Match

90 Retrofitting Guidelines and Procedures

90 Checklist and Data Sheet 92 R-22 Alternative Retrofit Guidelines 94 General Retrofit Procedures

96 Sizing Thermostatic Expansion Devices (TXV)

National Refrigerants, Inc.

6th Edition 2016Refrigerant Reference Guide


SECTION III — REFRIGERANT MANAGEMENT SERVICES

100 Analytical Testing Service

101 Request for Refrigerant Analysis

103 Request for Oil Analysis

105 Recovery Cylinder Hydrostatic Test & Refurbish Program

106 Refrigerant Recovery Containers

107 Instructions for Participating in NRI’s Refrigerant Reclamation Program

109 EZ One-Shot™ Recovery Cylinder

111 Refrigerant Banking Program

112 Guidelines for Maximum Shipping Weights for Recovered Refrigerant Containers

SECTION IV — ADDITIONAL TECHNICAL LITERATURE

114 Glossary of Terms

118 Lubricant Cross Reference Guide

122 Lubricants

126 Propylene Glycol

SECTION V — REGULATORY & LEGISLATIVE ISSUES

130 Complying with Section 608 Regulations

138 The Refrigerant Sales Restriction

141 Leak Repair

143 Changing Refrigerant Oil

144 Overlap between Section 608 and Section 609

146 EPA HCFC Allocation and Pre-charged Equipment Rules

I

6th Edition 2016


REFRIGERANTS: TECHNICAL DATAPG: 4-10 NRI PRODUCTS 4 NRI Product Part Numbers 7 Refrigerant Property Summary 9 Application Summary

PG: 11-64 PRODUCT DATA SUMMARY & THERMODYNAMIC TABLES

12 R-11 and R-12 15 R-13 17 R-22 19 R-23 21 R-32 23 R-123 and R-124 26 R-134a 28 R-401A and R-401B 31 R-402A and R-402B 34 R-403B 36 R-404A 38 R-407A 40 R-407C 42 R-408A 44 R-409A 46 R-410A 48 R-414B 50 R-417C 52 R-422C 54 R-422B and R-422D 57 R-500 and R-502 60 R-503 62 R-507

64 R-508B

PG: 66 ULTRA-LOW TEMPERATURE REFRIGERATION

PG: 68 AHRI CHEMICAL NAMES & COLOR CODES

Refrigerant Reference Guide


4 Refrigerant Reference Guide 6th Edition 2016

Product Part Numbers

REFRIGERANTS PART NO. TYPE SIZEREFRIGERANTS PART NO. TYPE SIZE

* RETURNABLE / DEPOSIT

R-402A27R402A Cylinder 27 lb.

110R402A Cylinder 110 lb.*

R-402B 13R402B Cylinder 13 lb.





1300R404A Cylinder 1,300 lb.*





R-407C 25R407C Cylinder 25 lb.

115R407C Cylinder 115 lb.*


1550R407C Cylinder 1,550 lb.*





R-410A 25R410A Cylinder 25 lb.






R-422B25R422B Cylinder 25 lb.

110R422B Cylinder 110 lb.*



R-422D25R422D Cylinder 25 lb.

110R422D Cylinder 110 lb.*

R-50030R500 Cylinder 30 lb.

125R500 Cylinder 125 lb.*



R-503 5R503 Cylinder 5 lb.




R-11 100R11 Drum 100 lb.



R-13B1 5R13B1 Cylinder 5 lb.


50R22 Cylinder 50 lb.


1000R22 Cylinder 1,000 lb.*

1750R22 Cylinder 1,750 lb.*





R-113 100R113 Drum 100 lb.


R-123 100R123 Drum 100 lb.

200R123 Drum 200 lb.

650R123 Drum 650 lb.



R-134a012R134a Can 12 oz.

30R134a Cylinder 30 lb.

A30R134a Cylinder Automotive Valve 30 lb.

125R134a Cylinder 125 lb.*

1000R134a Cylinder 1,000 lb.*

1750R134a Cylinder 1,750 lb.*



R-401B30R401B Cylinder 30 lb.


Refrigerants


Refrigerant Reference Guide 56th Edition 2016

Refrigerants, Analytical Testing, Lubricants

* RETURNABLE / DEPOSIT

NL AKB150150AKB1G

150 SUS / 32 ISO

1 Gallon

150AKB5G 5 Gallon

150AKB55G 55 Gallon

NL AKB200R200AKB1G

200 SUS / 46 ISO

1 Gallon

200AKB5G 5 Gallon

200AKB55G 55 Gallon

NL AKB300300AKB1G

300 SUS / 68 ISO

1 Gallon

300AKB5G 5 Gallon

300AKB55G 55 Gallon

NL AKB500AKB500E1G

500 SUS / 100 ISO

1 Gallon

AKB500E5G 5 Gallon

AKB500E55G 55 Gallon

POLYOLESTER

NL PE32PE321P

150 SUS / 32 ISO

1 Pint

PE321Q 1 Quart

PE321G 1 Gallon

NL PE68PE681P

300 SUS / 68 ISO

1 Pint

PE681Q 1 Quart

PE681G 1 Gallon

VACUUM PUMP OIL

NL VPO

VPO1P

200 SUS / 46 ISO

1 Pint

VPO1Q 1 Quart

VPO1G 1 Gallon

ANALYTICAL TESTING DESCRIPTION

NRIHPN High Pressure Liquid Refrigerant Test Kit

NRILP Low Pressure Liquid Refrigerant Test Kit

NRINCN Non-Condensible Vapor Refrigerant Test Kit

NRIOA Oil Analysis Test Kit

NRIHALON Halon Analysis




1400R507 Cylinder 1,400 lb.*





R-170 (Ethane)

3R170 Cylinder 3 lb.

004R170 Cylinder 4 oz.

R-1150 (Ethylene) 004R1150 Cylinder 4 oz.

R-600 (Butane) 016R600 Cylinder 16 oz.

R-600a (Isobutane) 016R600a Cylinder 16 oz.

R-290 (Propane) 014R290 Cylinder 14 oz.

PENTANE (Liquid) 016RPENTANE Metal Can 16 oz.

MINERAL OIL PART NO. VISCOSITY SIZE

NL 1501501G

150 SUS / 32 ISO

1 Gallon

1505G 5 Gallon

15055G 55 Gallon

NL 3003001G

300 SUS / 68 ISO

1 Gallon

3005G 5 Gallon

30055G 55 Gallon

NL 5005001G

500 SUS / 100 ISO

1 Gallon

5005G 5 Gallon

50055G 55 Gallon

NL WF32WF32

150 SUS / 32 ISO

1 Gallon

WF325G 5 Gallon

WF3255G 55 Gallon

NL WF681TD

300 SUS / 68 ISO

1 Gallon

5TD 5 Gallon

55TD 55 Gallon

REFRIGERANTS PART NO. TYPE SIZE ALKYLBENZENE OIL PART NO. VISCOSITY SIZE




SOLEST PART NO. VISCOSITY SIZE**

Solest LT32 SolestLT321G 150 SUS / 32 ISO 1 Gallon

Solest 46 Solest461G 200 SUS / 46 ISO 1 Gallon





CP4214-150 CP4214-1505G 700 SUS / 150 ISO 5 Gallon


Solest 220 Solest2201G 1000 SUS/220 ISO 1 Gallon

CP4214-320 CP4214-3201G 1500 SUS / 320 ISO 1 Gallon


**Also available in 5 Gallon and 55 Gallon containers

CHEMICALS PART NO. SIZE

Propylene Glycol

96% Inhibited Propylene Glycol (No dye)

5PG96 5 Gallon

55PG96 55 Gallon

70% Inhibited Propylene Glycol (blue dye)

1PG70 1 Gallon

5PG70 5 Gallon

55PG70 55 Gallon


5PG40 5 Gallon

55PG40 55 Gallon


55PG35D 55 Gallon


55PG45 55 Gallon

99.9% Uninhibited Propylene Glycol (No dye)

PROPYL55G 55 Gallon

RECOVERY CONTAINERS PART NO. SIZE

EZ One Shot DC30 30 lb.

Recovery Cylinder

100RC30 30 lb.

100RC40 40 lb.

100RC50 50 lb.

Recovery Cylinder with Float 125RC50F 50 lb.

Recovery Cylinder Rated 400 PSI 125RC50HP 50 lb.

Recovery Cylinder

200RC125 125 lb.

1500RC1000 1,000 lb.

4500RC2000 2,000 lb.

Recovery Cylinder Very High Pressure

130RC9 9 lb.

150RC23 23 lb.

200RC80 80 lb.

Recovery Drums

C100DRUM 100 lb.

C200DRUM 200 lb.

C650DRUM 650 lb.

CYLINDER REFURBISHING

Disposal of Empty Non-Refillable

CYLDISP Cylinder

DRUMDISP Drum

Hydrostatic Testing

HST 30 /40 /50 lb. Cylinder

125HST 125 lb. Cylinder

240HST 240 lb. Cylinder

1/2TONHST 1/2 Ton Cylinder

TONHST 1 Ton Cylinder

Refurbishing & Hydrostatic Testing

HSTR 30 /40 /50 lb. Cylinder

125HSTR 125 lb. Cylinder

240HSTR 240 lb. Cylinder

1/2TONHSTR 1/2 Ton Cylinder

TONHSTR 1 Ton Cylinder

Solest®, Chemicals, Recovery Containers, Cylinder Refurbishing




COMPONENTS (Weight %) TYPE

TEMP. GLIDE (˚F) LUBRICANTS COMMENTS

R-22 100% HCFC 0 Mineral Oil or Alkylbenzene

Refrigeration systems, commercial refrigeration, air conditioning, chillers.

R-23 100% HFC 0 PolyolesterVery low temperature refrigeration.Properties similar to R-13; can also retrofit R-503.


Low pressure centrifugal chillers. Can retrofit R-11 equipment with modifications.


High ambient air conditioning. Can retrofit R-114 equipment with modifications.

R-134a 100% HFC 0 PolyolesterMedium temperature refrigeration, chillers, automotive A/C. Can retrofit R-12 and R-500 equipment.

R-401A 22/152a/124 (53/13/34)

HCFC Blend 8 Alkylbenzene

or MO/AB MixLow/medium temperature refrigeration. Can retrofit R-12 and R-500 equipment.

R-401B 22/152a/124 (61/11/28)

HCFC Blend 8 Alkylbenzene

or MO/AB MixLow/medium temperature refrigeration. Can retrofit R-12 and R-500 equipment.

R-402A 125/290/22 (60/2/38)

HCFC Blend 2.5 Alkylbenzene

or MO/AB MixLow/medium temperature refrigeration. Can retrofit R-502 equipment.

R-402B 125/290/22 (38/2/60)

HCFC Blend 2.5 Alkylbenzene

or MO/AB MixIce machines. Can retrofit R-502 equipment.

R-403B 290/22/218 (5/56/39)

HCFC Blend 2 Mineral Oil or

AlkylbenzeneHas been used successfully to retrofit R-13B1-type equipment, but has slightly different operating conditions.

R-404A 125/143a/134a (44/52/4)

HFC Blend 1.5 Polyolester Low/medium temperature refrigeration.

R-407A 32/125/134a (20/40/40)

HFC Blend 10 Polyolester or

POE/MO MixLow/medium temperature refrigeration. Can retrofit R-22 equipment.

R-407C 32/125/134a (23/25/52)

HFC Blend 10 Polyolester or

POE/MO MixLow/medium temperature refrigeration, air conditioning. Can retrofit R-22 equipment.

R-408A 125/143a/22 (7/46/47)


AlkylbenzeneLow/medium temperature refrigeration. Can retrofit R-502 equipment.

R-409A 22/124/142b (60/25/15)


AlkylbenzeneLow/medium temperature refrigeration, some A/C. Can retrofit R-12 or R-500 equipment.

R-410A 32/125 (50/50)

HFC Blend 0.2 Polyolester New residential A/C systems. Not for retrofitting.

R-414B 22/124/600a/142b (50/39/1.5/9.5)


AlkylbenzeneLow/medium temperature refrigeration, some A/C, automotive A/C. Can retrofit R-12 equipment.

Refrigerant Property Summary

Technical Guidelines



COMPONENTS (Weight %) TYPE

TEMP. GLIDE (˚F) LUBRICANTS COMMENTS

R-417C 125 / 134a / 600 (19.5/78.8/1.7)

HFC Blend 6

Mineral Oil, Alkylbenzene, or

Polyolester

Low/medium temperature refrigeration, retrofit blend for R-12 applications. Can also replace HCFC-based blends

R-422B 125/134a/600a (55/42/3)

HFC Blend 5

Mineral Oil, Alkylbenzene or

Polyolester

Medium temperature refrigeration, air conditioning. Can retrofit R-22 equipment.

R-422C 125/134a/600a (82/15/3)

HFC Blend 5


Polyolester

Low/medium temperature refrigeration. Can retrofit R-502 and R-22 equipment, with modifications.

R-422D 125/134a/600a (65.1/13.5/3.4)

HFC Blend 5


Polyolester

Low/medium temperature refrigeration. Can retrofit R-22 equipment.

R-507 125/143a (50/50)

HFC Blend 0 Polyolester Low/medium temperature refrigeration.

R-508B 23/116 (46/54)

HFC Blend 0 Polyolester Very low temperature refrigeration.

Can retrofit R-13 or R-503 equipment.

Property Summary




ASHRAE NO.COMPONENTS

(Weight %)CHARGING

(% ORIGINAL) APPLICATION COMMENTS

Low-Medium Temperature Refrigeration (R-502 type)

R-402A 125/290/22 (60/2/38)

95 -100% Overall Concerns: Discharge temperature is important — can’t tolerate large increase. Higher discharge pressure can affect controls. If oil return is not already a problem with R-502, the blends will not necessarily make things worse. HFC blends will need POE. Most of the blends have very low glide. Retrofit Recommendations (in order of preference based on performance/ease of use):R-408A Closest match to R-502 properties and performance. Slightly higher discharge temperatureR-402A Higher discharge pressure, lower discharge temperature than R-408AR-402B Similar discharge pressure, higher discharge temperature. Good for ice

machines. *R-408A, R-402A and R-402B might have problems with oil circulation and will benefit from at least a partial change to alkylbenzene. They are also HCFC-based and are subject to leak repair regulations.

R-422C HFC-based. Similar in pressure/temperature to R-502, but will show some loss in capacity. Hydrocarbon components in the blend will promote mineral oil circulation in some systems. Addition of POE may be required in larger systems for proper oil return.

Options in New EquipmentR-407A Being used in supermarkets as a lower GWP option.R-404A & R-507 Retrofitting prohibited; New Equipment applications limited by EPA SNAP

ruling (see http://www.epa.gov/ozone/snap/index.html) These two are interchangeable with each other in new equipment.

R-402B 125/290/22 (38/2/60)

95 -100%

R-404A 125/143a/134a (44/52/4)

85 - 90%

R-408A 125/143a/22 (7/46/47)

85 - 90%

R-422C 125/134a/600a (82/15/3)

95 -100%

R-507 125/143a (50/50)

85 - 90%


R-404A 125/143a/134a (44/52/4) 85 - 90%

Overall Concerns: Capacity match to R-22 is important in capacity-critical applications. Cold storage applications can tolerate a loss of capacity traded off for longer run times. TXV operation and distributor capacity should be close to R-22 to avoid costly component changes. All retrofit blends will operate at lower discharge temperatures than R-22. Retrofit Recommendations (in order of preference based on performance/ease of use):R-407A Similar capacity and TXV/distributor/pressure drop performance.R-407C Slightly lower capacity, similar TXV/distributor/pressure drop performance.

R-407A and R-407C will require a change from mineral oil to POE for proper oil circulation. Partial POE replacement of mineral should work in most systems.

R-422D Lower capacity, change in TXV/distributor/pressure drop performance.R-422B Significant drop in capacity at lower temperatures, change in TXV/distributor/

pressure drop.R-422C Higher capacity, TXV change. Similar to R-404A. All R-422 blends contain a

hydrocarbon that will promote mineral oil circulation in some systems. Addition of POE may be required in larger systems for proper oil return.

Options in New EquipmentR-407A Being used in supermarkets as a lower GWP option.R-404A & R-507 Retrofitting prohibited; New Equipment applications limited by EPA SNAP

ruling (see http://www.epa.gov/ozone/snap/index.html) These two are interchangeable with each other in new equipment.

R-407A 32/125/134a (20/40/40) 95 -100%

R-407C 32/125/134a (23/25/52) 95 -100%

R-422B 125/134a/600a (55/42/3) 95 -100%

R-422C 125/134a/600a (82/15/3) 95 -100%

R-422D 125/134a/600a (65.1/31.5/3.4) 95 -100%

R-507 125/143a (50/50) 85 - 90%

Application Summary




ASHRAE NO.COMPONENTS

(Weight %)CHARGING

(% ORIGINAL) APPLICATION COMMENTS


R-134a 100% 90%Overall Concerns: Match R-12 evaporator conditions (slightly higher discharge pressures OK). Oil return must be addressed. Temperature glide not a problem in most applications.Retrofit Recommendations (in order of preference based on performance/ease of use):R-409A Better at lower temperatures, maintains performance, higher discharge temperature and pressure.R-414B Better at warmer temperatures, lower discharge temperature than R-409A.R-401A Good overall performance, need AB oil below 30˚F coil temperatures.R-401B Better at lower temperatures, needs AB oil to replace 50% mineral oil.R-417C HFC-based retrofit blend for HCFC blends

R-401A 22/152a/124 (53/13/34) 80 - 85%

R-401B 22/152a/124 (61/11/28) 80 - 85%

R-409A 22/124/142b (60/25/15) 80 - 85%

R-417C 125/134a/600 (19.5/78.8/1.7 90%

Medium-High Temperature Refrigeration (R-12 type), Automotive Air Conditioning

R-414B 22/124/600a/142b (50/39/1.5/9.5)

80-85%

Overall Concerns: At higher evaporator temperatures, blends that contain R-22 will cause higher discharge temperatures. R-414B contains less R-22 and than the other R-12 alternative blends. R-414B will produce lower discharge temperatures, but they will also lose some capacity compared to the other R-12 retrofit products listed above. Retrofit Recommendations (in order of preference based on performance/ease of use):R-414B Only product that is approved for automotive A/C retrofit.R-401A, R-401B, R-409A For R-12 or R-500 air conditioning (direct expansion systems).

Air Conditioning (R-22 type)

R-407C 32/125/134a (23/25/52) 95 -100%

Overall Concerns: Keep component changes to a minimum (similar TXV or orifice size, minimize pressure drop), maintain capacity unless the system is oversized enough to handle a drop in capacity.Retrofit Recommendations (in order of preference based on performance/ease of use):R-407C Lowest GWP, similar capacity and component operation (TXV/orifice).R-422B or R-422D Slight drop in capacity, possible change of components based on pressure drop.

Hydrocarbon components in the blends will promote mineral oil circulation in some systems. Addition of POE may be required in larger systems for proper oil return.

Higher pressure and capacity exclude R-410A from being used as a retrofit blend. New equipment is designed around R-410A.

R-410A 32/125 (50/50)

New Equipment

Only

R-422B 125/134a/600a (55/42/3) 90 - 95%

R-422D 125/134a/600a (65.1/31.5/3.4) 90 - 95%

High Ambient and Centrifugal Chillers

R-124 100% N/A Existing R-114 high ambient A/C systems can be modified to use R-124. New systems are available with R-134a. Centrifugal chillers require major equipment upgrades to retrofit to another refrigerant. Chiller manufacturers will need to be consulted for such jobs.R-123 100% N/A

Very Low Temperature and Cascade Refrigeration (R-13 and R-503 type)

R-23 100% 95%R-13 systems can be retrofitted to R-23 or R-508B. R-23 will have similar run-time properties to R-13 but there will be higher discharge temperatures. R-503 systems should use R-508BR-403B has been successfully used in R-13B1 systems but the evaporator will likely run under vacuum conditions.

R-508B 23/116 (46/54)

R-13: 105-110% R-503: 90-95%

R-403B 290/22/218 (5/56/39) 70 - 75%

Application Summary



Product Data Summary and Thermodynamic Tables





R-11Composition: 100% trichlorofluoromethane (CCl3F)

Application: Large low pressure centrifugal chillers

Performance: Industry standard choice until 1990’s

Lubricant: Compatible with mineral oil

Retrofitting: ¡ R-123 is being successfully used to retrofit R-11 chillers ¡ Retrofit jobs are usually done in cooperation with equipment

manufacturers

R-12Composition: 100% dichlorodifluoromethane (CCl2F2)

Application: Large centrifugal chillers, open drive AC, process cooling, high-medium-low temperature refrigeration (large and small systems)

Performance: Industry standard choice until 1990’s

Lubricant: Compatible with mineral oil

Retrofitting: ¡ Consult the comments on Pages 9 and 10

See Section II, pages 92-98 for detailed discussion

R-11 and R-12

[ AVAILABLE IN SIZES ]

REFRIGERANT Type Size

R-11 Drum 100 lb.

R-12 Cylinder 30 lb.

National National [ PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF REFRIGERANTS R-11 R-12

Environmental Classification

Molecular Weight

Boiling Point (1atm, ˚F)

Critical Pressure (psia)

Critical Temperature (˚F)

Critical Density (lb./ftˆ3)

Liquid Density (70˚F, lb./ftˆ3)

Vapor Density (bp.lb./ftˆ3)

Heat of Vaporization (bp, BTU/lb.)

Specific Heat Liquid (70 ˚F, BTU/lb. ̊ F)

Specific Heat Vapor (1atm, 70 ˚F, BTU/lb. ̊ F)

Ozone Depletion Potential (CFC 11 = 1.0)

Global Warming Potential (CO2 = 1.0)

ASHRAE Standard 34 Safety Rating

CFC

120.9

-21.6

600

233.5

35.3

82.96

0.393

71.2

0.2324

0.1455

1.0

10910

A1

CFC

137.4

74.7

639.3

388

34.6

92.73

0.365

77.9

0.2093

0.1444 (sat)

1.0

4750

A1

PRESSURETEMP CHART

R-11 psig TEMP. (˚F) R-12 psig

27.0”26.5”26.0”25.4”24.7”23.9”23.1“22.1”21.1”19.9”18.6”17.2”15.6”13.9”12.0”10.0”7.8”5.4”2.8”0.01.53.24.96.88.8

10.913.215.618.221.024.027.130.434.037.7

-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150

11.0”8.4”5.5”2.3”0.62.44.56.79.2

11.814.617.721.024.628.532.637.041.746.752.057.763.870.277.084.291.899.8108117127136147158169181194207220234

Refrigerant Reference Guide 13


6th Edition 2016


Thermodynamic Properties of R-11

3035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150155160165170175180185190195200205210215220225230235240

5.66.37.07.98.89.8

10.912.113.414.816.317.919.721.623.625.728.130.533.236.038.942.145.449.052.856.760.965.370.074.980.085.491.197.1

103.3109.8116.7123.8131.3139.1147.2155.6164.5

95.9395.5495.1494.7594.3593.9593.5593.1492.7392.3291.9191.5091.0890.6690.2389.8189.3888.9488.5188.0787.6287.1786.7286.2685.8085.3384.8684.3983.9183.4282.9382.4381.9381.4280.9080.3879.8579.3178.7678.2177.6577.0876.50

0.14810.16540.18420.20470.22690.25090.27690.30490.33510.36760.40240.43970.47970.52240.56800.61670.66840.72350.78200.84420.91010.97991.0541.1321.2151.3021.3941.4921.5941.7021.8161.9362.0622.1952.3352.4822.6362.7992.9703.1493.3383.5363.745

14.1415.1616.1917.2318.2619.3020.3421.3922.4423.4924.5425.6026.6627.7328.8029.8730.9432.0233.1134.2035.2936.3937.4938.5939.7040.8241.9443.0644.1945.3346.4747.6248.7749.9351.0952.2653.4454.6255.8257.0158.2259.4360.65

95.9496.5697.1797.7998.4199.0299.64100.3100.9101.5102.1102.7103.3103.9104.5105.1105.7106.3106.9107.5108.1108.7109.3109.9110.5111.0111.6112.2112.7113.3113.8114.4114.9115.4116.0116.5117.0117.5118.0118.5118.9119.4119.8

0.031120.033210.035280.037330.039370.041390.043400.045400.047380.049350.051310.053260.055190.057110.059020.060920.062810.064690.066560.068420.070270.072110.073940.075760.077580.079390.081190.082980.084760.086540.088320.090080.091840.093600.095350.097100.098840.10060.10230.10400.10580.10750.1092

0.19820.19770.19730.19700.19660.19630.19600.19570.19550.19520.19500.19480.19460.19450.19430.19420.19410.19400.19390.19390.19380.19370.19370.19370.19360.19360.19360.19360.19360.19360.19360.19360.19360.19370.19370.19370.19370.19370.19380.19380.19380.19380.1938

TEMP. (˚F)

Pressure Liquid (psia)

Density Liquid

(lb/ftˆ3)

Density Vapor

(lb/ftˆ3)

Enthalpy Liquid

(Btu/lb)

Enthalpy Vapor

(Btu/lb)

Entropy Liquid

(Btu/R-lb)

Entropy Vapor

(Btu/R-lb)

Product Data Summary and Thermodynamic TablesNational Refrigerants, Inc.



-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150155160

5.46.27.18.19.3

10.612.013.515.217.119.221.423.826.429.332.435.739.343.147.251.656.361.366.672.378.484.891.598.7

106.3114.3122.7131.6141.0150.8161.1172.0183.3195.2207.7220.7234.4248.6263.5279.0

96.6396.1495.6695.1794.6894.1893.6893.1892.6792.1691.6591.1390.6190.0889.5589.0288.4887.9387.3886.8286.2585.6885.1084.5283.9283.3282.7182.0981.4780.8380.1879.5278.8578.1677.4676.7576.0275.2874.5173.7372.9372.1071.2470.3669.45

0.15370.17560.19990.22680.25650.28900.32470.36370.40630.45250.50280.55730.61620.67980.74830.82210.90130.98641.0781.1751.2791.3911.5101.6371.7721.9152.0682.2312.4042.5882.7832.9913.2113.4453.6943.9584.2384.5374.8555.1935.5545.9396.3516.7927.265

-4.145-3.115-2.081-1.0430.0001.0472.0983.1544.2145.2806.3507.4258.5059.59110.6811.7812.8813.9915.1016.2217.3518.4819.6220.7721.9223.0824.2525.4326.6127.8029.0130.2231.4432.6733.9135.1636.4337.7038.9940.3041.6142.9544.3045.6747.06

70.9971.5672.1372.7073.2773.8474.4174.9875.5576.1176.6877.2477.8078.3578.9079.4580.0080.5481.0781.6182.1382.6583.1783.6884.1884.6785.1685.6486.1186.5887.0387.4787.9088.3288.7389.1289.5089.8790.2290.5590.8691.1591.4291.6691.87

-0.01010-0.00754-0.00501-0.002490.000000.002470.004930.007360.009780.012180.014570.016930.019290.021620.023950.026250.028550.030830.033100.035360.037610.039840.042070.044280.046490.048690.050880.053060.055240.057400.059570.061730.063880.066030.068180.070320.072470.074610.076760.078900.081060.083210.085380.087550.08973

0.17790.17700.17610.17530.17460.17390.17320.17260.17200.17150.17100.17050.17000.16960.16920.16880.16850.16810.16780.16750.16730.16700.16680.16650.16630.16610.16590.16570.16550.16530.16510.16490.16480.16460.16440.16420.16400.16380.16360.16340.16320.16290.16270.16240.1621

TEMP. (˚F)


Density Liquid

(lb/ftˆ3)

Density Vapor

(lb/ftˆ3)

Enthalpy Liquid

(Btu/lb)

Enthalpy Vapor

(Btu/lb)

Entropy Liquid

(Btu/R-lb)

Entropy Vapor

(Btu/R-lb)




6th Edition 2016

R-13Composition: 100% chlorotrifluoromethane (CClF3)

Application: Very low temperature refrigeration

Performance: Operates in the low temperature stage of a cascade system because of its low boiling point

Lubricant: ¡ Compatible with mineral oil

¡ Hydrocarbon additives are often added to a system to improve oil circulation at very low temperatures

Retrofitting: ¡ Consult the comments on Page 10 ¡ See Ultra Low Temperature Refrigeration Section (pages 66-67)

R-13



R-13 Cylinder 5 lb.

National [ PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF REFRIGERANTS R-13


Molecular Weight








Specific Heat Liquid (20 ˚F, BTU/lb. ˚F)

Specific Heat Vapor (1atm, 20 ˚F, BTU/lb. ˚F)




CFC

104.5

-114.3

567.8

84.6

35.9

72.7

0.4332

64.35

0.2121

0.1451

1.0

14400

A1

PRESSURETEMP CHART

TEMP. (˚F) R-13 psig

-120-115-110-105-100-95-90-85-80-75-70-65-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

10152025303540

4.5”0.3”2.14.77.6

10.814.318.222.527.232.337.843.950.457.565.173.382.191.6102113122136149163177193209226244264284305



-140-135-130-125-120-115-110-105-100-95-90-85-80-75-70-65-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

10152025303540

6.47.79.1

10.712.514.516.819.322.225.428.932.737.041.646.752.258.264.771.779.387.496.2

105.6115.6126.4137.8150.0163.0176.7191.3206.8223.1240.4258.6277.9298.2319.5

98.2097.5696.9296.2795.6294.9694.3093.6392.9592.2791.5890.8790.1789.4588.7287.9887.2386.4685.6984.9084.1083.2782.4481.5880.7179.8178.8977.9476.9675.9674.9173.8372.7171.5470.3169.0167.64

0.20080.23590.27560.32040.37070.42690.48940.55880.63560.72030.81350.91581.0281.1501.2831.4281.5861.7571.9422.1432.3602.5942.8483.1213.4163.7354.0784.4504.8515.2865.7566.2676.8237.4308.0948.8249.632

-21.91-20.89-19.86-18.82-17.78-16.73-15.67-14.61-13.54-12.46-11.37-10.28-9.173-8.061-6.939-5.809-4.668-3.517-2.356-1.1840.0001.1962.4053.6274.8636.1147.3818.6669.96811.2912.6314.0015.3916.8118.2719.7621.29

45.0845.5846.0846.5747.0647.5548.0348.5148.9849.4549.9150.3750.8251.2651.7052.1252.5452.9553.3453.7354.1154.4754.8255.1555.4755.7756.0656.3256.5756.7956.9857.1557.2857.3857.4357.4457.39

-0.0590-0.05582-0.05268-0.04957-0.04649-0.04343-0.04040-0.03739-0.03441-0.03145-0.02851-0.02559-0.02269-0.01980-0.01693-0.01408-0.01124-0.00841-0.00560-0.002800.000000.002790.005570.008340.011110.013880.016650.019430.022200.024990.027780.030590.033420.036270.039150.042060.04503

0.15060.14890.14730.14580.14440.14300.14180.14060.13940.13830.13730.13630.13530.13440.13350.13270.13190.13110.13040.12960.12890.12820.12760.12690.12620.12560.12490.12420.12360.12290.12220.12150.12070.12000.11910.11820.1173

TEMP. (˚F)


Density Liquid

(lb/ftˆ3)

Density Vapor

(lb/ftˆ3)

Enthalpy Liquid

(Btu/lb)

Enthalpy Vapor

(Btu/lb)

Entropy Liquid

(Btu/R-lb)

Entropy Vapor

(Btu/R-lb)





6th Edition 2016

R-22Composition: 100% chlorodifluoromethane (CHClF2)

Applications: Medium and low temperature commercial and industrial refrigeration; residential and commercial air conditioning

Performance: Industry standard choice for AC until 2010

Lubricant: Compatible with mineral oil, alkylbenzene and polyolester

Retrofitting:¡ Consult the comments on Pages 9 and 10

See Section II, pages 92-98 for detailed discussion

R-22



R-22 Cylinder

30 lb.

50 lb.

125 lb.

1000 lb.

1750 lb.



Molecular Weight













HCFC

86.5

-41.5

723.7

205.1

32.7

75.3

0.294

100.5

0.2967

0.1573

0.05

1810

A1

PRESSURETEMP CHART


-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150

0.52.64.97.4

10.113.216.520.124.028.232.837.743.048.854.961.568.576.084.092.6102111121132144156168182196211226243260278297317337359382



-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150155160

8.810.211.713.415.317.319.622.124.927.931.234.838.743.047.552.557.863.569.776.283.390.898.8

107.3116.3125.9136.1146.9158.3170.4183.1196.5210.6225.5241.1257.5274.7292.7311.6331.4352.1373.7396.4420.0444.7

89.8289.3388.8388.3387.8287.3286.8086.2985.7685.2484.7184.1783.6383.0882.5281.9681.3980.8280.2479.6579.0578.4477.8377.2076.5775.9275.2774.6073.9273.2372.5271.8071.0670.3069.5268.7267.9067.0566.1865.2764.3263.3462.3161.2260.07

0.18270.20870.23740.26920.30420.34270.38490.43100.48130.53600.59550.66000.72990.80540.88680.97461.0691.1711.2801.3961.5221.6561.7991.9522.1162.2912.4782.6782.8913.1183.3613.6203.8974.1934.5104.8495.2135.6046.0246.4776.9667.4978.0758.7069.400

-5.189-3.897-2.602-1.3030.0001.3082.6203.9375.2606.5887.9239.26310.6111.9613.3314.6916.0717.4618.8520.2521.6623.0824.5125.9627.4128.8730.3531.8433.3434.8636.3937.9439.5041.0842.6944.3145.9547.6249.3251.0452.8054.5956.4258.3160.24

98.0998.6699.2299.79100.3100.9101.4102.0102.5103.0103.6104.1104.6105.1105.6106.1106.5107.0107.4107.9108.3108.7109.1109.5109.9110.3110.6110.9111.2111.5111.8112.0112.3112.5112.7112.8112.9113.0113.0113.0113.0112.9112.8112.5112.2

-0.01264-0.00943-0.00626-0.003110.000000.003090.006150.009180.012200.015190.018150.021100.024030.026940.029830.032700.035560.038410.041240.044060.046860.049660.052440.055220.057980.060740.063500.066250.068990.071730.074470.077210.079960.082700.085450.088210.090980.093760.096560.099370.10220.10510.10800.11100.1140

0.24580.24400.24230.24070.23910.23760.23610.23480.23340.23210.23090.22960.22850.22730.22630.22520.22420.22310.22220.22120.22030.21940.21850.21760.21670.21590.21500.21420.21330.21250.21170.21080.21000.20910.20830.20740.20650.20560.20460.20360.20260.20150.20040.19920.1979

TEMP. (˚F)


Density Liquid

(lb/ftˆ3)

Density Vapor

(lb/ftˆ3)

Enthalpy Liquid

(Btu/lb)

Enthalpy Vapor

(Btu/lb)

Entropy Liquid

(Btu/R-lb)

Entropy Vapor

(Btu/R-lb)





6th Edition 2016

R-23Composition: 100% trifluoromethane (CHF3)

Application: Very low temperature refrigeration

Performance: Operates in the low temperature stage of a cascade system because of its low boiling point

Lubricant: ¡ Polyolester lubricant¡ Hydrocarbon additives are often added to a system to improve

oil circulation at very low temperatures

Retrofitting:¡ Consult the comments on Page 10 See Ultra-Low Temperature Refrigeration Section — page 66-67

R-23



R-23Cylinder

5 lb.

9 lb.

20 lb.

70 lb.



Molecular Weight













HFC

70

-115.6

701.4

78.7

32.8

67.46

0.29

102.7

0.4063

0.1663

0

14800

A1

PRESSURETEMP CHART


-125-120-115-110-105-100-95-90-85-80-75-70-65-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520

7.8”4.0”0.32.95.89.0

12.716.721.326.331.837.944.652.060.068.778.188.399.4111124138152168185203222242264287



-140-135-130-125-120-115-110-105-100-95-90-85-80-75-70-65-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

10152025303540

6.37.69.1

10.812.815.117.620.623.827.531.636.141.246.752.959.667.075.083.793.2

103.5114.6126.6139.5153.3168.1184.0201.0219.1238.4258.9280.8303.9328.5354.6382.1411.3

92.7292.2091.6691.1290.5790.0089.4388.8488.2487.6387.0086.3685.7085.0384.3583.6482.9382.1981.4380.6679.8679.0478.2077.3476.4485.5274.5773.5872.5571.4970.3869.2268.0066.7265.3663.9262.36

0.13120.15620.18500.21780.25500.29720.34460.39780.45720.52340.59700.67840.76840.86750.97651.0961.2271.3701.5271.6981.8842.0872.3072.5472.8083.0923.4023.7394.1064.5084.9485.4315.9636.5517.2067.9408.769

-30.60-29.15-27.70-26.25-24.78-23.31-21.84-20.35-18.86-17.35-15.84-14.32-12.78-11.23-9.671-8.097-6.509-4.906-3.288-1.6530.0001.6713.3615.0726.8068.56310.3412.1513.9915.8717.7719.7221.7123.7625.8628.0330.28

77.4377.9878.5279.0579.5880.0980.5981.0981.5682.0382.4882.9283.3483.7584.1484.5184.8685.1985.5085.7986.0686.3086.5286.7086.8686.9887.0687.1187.1187.0786.9786.8186.5986.2885.8985.3984.75

-0.08247-0.07799-0.07356-0.06919-0.06486-0.06058-0.05634-0.05214-0.04798-0.04385-0.03975-0.03568-0.03163-0.02762-0.02362-0.01964-0.01569-0.01175-0.00782-0.003900.000000.003900.007790.011680.015560.019460.023350.027260.031190.035130.039100.043100.047150.051240.055410.059660.06402

0.25550.25200.24860.24550.24240.23940.23660.23390.23120.22870.22620.22380.22150.21930.21710.21500.21290.21090.20890.20700.20510.20320.20130.19950.19760.19580.19400.19210.19030.18840.18640.18440.18240.18020.17800.17560.1730

TEMP. (˚F)


Density Liquid

(lb/ftˆ3)

Density Vapor

(lb/ftˆ3)

Enthalpy Liquid

(Btu/lb)

Enthalpy Vapor

(Btu/lb)

Entropy Liquid

(Btu/R-lb)

Entropy Vapor

(Btu/R-lb)





6th Edition 2016

R-32

R-32Composition: 100% difluoromethane (CH2F2)

Application: Appliances and residential air conditioning

Performance: Similar in operation to R-410A

Lubricant: Polyolester

Retrofitting: ¡ Not for retrofitting — new equipment only



Molecular Weight













HFC

52

-62

839

173

26.5

61.0

0.1865

164.3

0.4533

0.2016

0

675

A2



R-32 Cylinder 24 lb.

PRESSURETEMP CHART


-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150

11.014.418.222.326.831.737.142.949.256.163.571.480.089.299.1110121133146160174189206223241261281303326350375401429459489522556591629




TEMP. (˚F)


Density Liquid

(lb/ftˆ3)

Density Vapor

(lb/ftˆ3)

Enthalpy Liquid

(Btu/lb)

Enthalpy Vapor

(Btu/lb)

Entropy Liquid

(Btu/R-lb)

Entropy Vapor

(Btu/R-lb)-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150

25.729.132.937.041.546.451.857.663.970.878.286.194.7104114124136148161174189204221238256276296318340364390416444473504537570606644

73.6873.1872.6772.1671.6571.1270.6070.0669.5268.9768.4267.8667.2966.7166.1265.5264.9164.2963.6663.0162.3561.6860.9960.2859.5658.8158.0457.2556.4355.5854.6953.7752.8051.7750.6949.5348.2846.9145.40

0.31620.35570.39900.44640.49810.55450.61590.68250.75480.83320.91801.0101.1091.2151.3311.4551.5881.7321.8872.0542.2342.4272.6362.8613.1033.3653.6483.9544.2874.6495.0435.4755.9496.4737.0547.7058.4419.28410.27

01.9283.8645.8087.7619.72311.6913.6815.6717.6719.6921.7223.7625.8227.8929.9832.0934.2236.3638.5340.7142.9345.1747.4349.7352.0654.4256.8259.2761.7664.3066.9169.5872.3375.1678.1181.1884.4287.86

158.7159.2159.7160.2160.7161.1161.6162.0162.4162.8163.1163.5163.8164.0164.3164.5164.7164.8165.0165.0165.1165.1165.0164.9164.8164.6164.3164.0163.6163.2162.6162.0161.2160.3159.3158.1156.7155.1153.1

00.0045480.0090570.013530.017970.022380.026760.031110.035430.039730.044000.048250.052480.056700.060900.065080.069260.073420.077580.081730.085880.090020.094180.098330.10250.10670.11090.11510.11940.12370.12800.13240.13690.14140.14600.15080.15570.16090.1663

0.37810.37490.37180.36870.36580.36290.36010.35730.35460.35200.34940.34690.34430.34190.33940.33700.33460.33230.32990.32750.32520.32280.32050.31810.31570.31330.31090.30840.30580.30320.30050.29780.29490.29190.28870.28530.28170.27770.2733




6th Edition 2016

R-123 and R-124



R-123Cylinder

5 lb.

9 lb.

20 lb.

70 lb.



Molecular Weight













HCFC

136.5

10.3

527.1

252.5

34.6

85.5

0.419

70.6

0.265

0.1762

0.03

609

A1

HCFC

152.9

82.1

531.1

362.6

34.3

91.95

0.404

73.2

0.2329

0.1645(sat)

0.0015

77

B1

PRESSURETEMP CHART


16.1”14.1”12.0”9.6”6.9”3.9”0.6”1.63.55.78.1

10.513.216.119.222.626.330.234.438.943.748.854.260.066.172.679.586.894.5103111120130140150

27.8”27.4”26.9”26.4”25.9”25.2”24.5”23.8”22.8”21.8”20.7”19.5”18.1”16.6”14.9”13.0”11.2”8.9”6.5”4.1”1.2”0.92.54.36.18.1

10.312.615.117.820.623.626.830.233.9

-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150

R-123Composition: 100% 2,2-dichloro 1,1,1-trifluoroethane (CF3CHCl2)

Application: Large, low pressure centrifugal chillers

Performance: May require replacement of seals, gaskets, and other components to obtain the correct operating conditions and prevent leakage

Lubricant: Compatible with mineral oil and alkylbenzene

Retrofitting: ¡ Consult equipment manufacturer to retrofit R-11 chiller to R-123

R-124Composition: 100% 2-chloro 1,1,1,2-tetrofluoroethane (CF3CHClF)

Application: High ambient air conditioning

Performance: Slightly higher pressures and slightly lower capacity when used in an R-114 system

Lubricant: Compatible with mineral oil and alkylbenzene

Retrofitting: ¡ for R-114 (Consult equipment manufacturer’s guidelines)



R-123Drum

100 lb.

200 lb.

650 lb.

R-124Cylinder 30 lb.

Cylinder 145 lb.



TEMP. (˚F)


Density Liquid

(lb/ftˆ3)

Density Vapor

(lb/ftˆ3)

Enthalpy Liquid

(Btu/lb)

Enthalpy Vapor

(Btu/lb)

Entropy Liquid

(Btu/R-lb)

Entropy Vapor

(Btu/R-lb)-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150155160165170175180185190195200

1.01.21.41.72.02.32.63.03.54.04.55.15.86.57.38.29.2

10.311.412.714.115.617.218.920.822.825.027.329.832.435.338.341.544.948.552.356.460.765.270.075.080.385.991.797.9

99.5499.1498.7398.3397.9297.5197.1096.6996.2895.8695.4495.0294.6094.1793.7493.3192.8892.4492.0191.5691.1290.6790.2289.7789.3188.8588.3987.9287.4586.9886.5086.0185.5285.0384.5384.0383.5283.0182.4981.9681.4380.8980.3479.7979.23

0.034130.039780.046180.053390.061490.070550.080670.091920.10440.11820.13340.15020.16860.18870.21060.23460.26060.28890.31950.35260.38830.42680.46820.51280.56050.61170.66640.72490.78740.85400.92491.0001.0811.1661.2561.3531.4541.5621.6761.7971.9252.0602.2032.3542.513

4.5585.7066.8578.0129.17010.3311.5012.6713.8415.0216.2017.3818.5719.7620.9622.1623.3624.5725.7827.0028.2229.4430.6731.9033.1434.3835.6336.8838.1339.3940.6641.9343.2044.4845.7647.0548.3549.6550.9552.2753.5854.9156.2457.5758.92

87.3588.0588.7589.4690.1690.8791.5892.2993.0193.7294.4495.1695.8896.6097.3298.0498.7699.48100.2100.9101.6102.4103.1103.8104.5105.2106.0106.7107.4108.1108.8109.5110.2110.9111.6112.3113.0113.7114.3115.0115.7116.3117.0117.7118.3

0.010610.013200.015780.018330.020860.023370.025870.028340.030800.033240.035660.038060.040450.042820.045180.047520.049840.052150.054440.056730.058990.061240.063480.065710.067920.070120.072310.074490.076650.078810.080950.083080.085200.087320.089420.091510.093590.095670.097730.099790.10180.10390.10590.10790.1100

0.19890.19840.19790.19750.19710.19670.19640.19610.19580.19560.19540.19530.19520.19510.19500.19500.19490.19490.19490.19500.19500.19510.19520.19530.19550.19560.19580.19590.19610.19630.19650.19670.19690.19720.19740.19760.19790.19810.19840.19870.19890.19920.19950.19970.2000





6th Edition 2016

TEMP. (˚F)


Density Liquid

(lb/ftˆ3)

Density Vapor

(lb/ftˆ3)

Enthalpy Liquid

(Btu/lb)

Enthalpy Vapor

(Btu/lb)

Entropy Liquid

(Btu/R-lb)

Entropy Vapor

(Btu/R-lb)-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150155160165170175180

3.84.55.25.96.87.88.9

10.111.412.914.516.318.320.422.725.227.930.834.037.441.044.949.153.658.463.569.074.880.987.494.3

101.6109.3117.5126.0135.1144.6154.6165.1176.2187.7199.9212.6225.9239.8

97.0396.5596.0695.5795.0894.5894.0893.5793.0692.5592.0491.5290.9990.4689.9389.3988.8488.2987.7387.1786.6086.0385.4484.8584.2583.6583.0382.4181.7781.1380.4879.8179.1378.4477.7377.0176.2875.5274.7573.9673.1472.3071.4470.5469.61

0.11810.13590.15570.17790.20240.22950.25940.29240.32850.36800.41120.45830.50950.56510.62530.69040.76080.83660.91831.0061.1001.2021.3101.4261.5511.6831.8251.9772.1392.3112.4952.6912.9003.1233.3603.6143.8844.1724.4804.8095.1615.5385.9426.3776.845

01.2222.4493.6814.9186.1597.4068.6579.91411.1812.4413.7215.0016.2817.5718.8720.1721.4822.8024.1225.4526.7928.1329.4830.8432.2133.5834.9736.3637.7639.1740.5942.0243.4644.9246.3847.8649.3550.8552.3753.9155.4657.0358.6260.23

76.7577.4678.1778.8879.5980.3081.0181.7282.4383.1483.8484.5585.2585.9586.6587.3588.0588.7489.4390.1190.7991.4792.1492.8193.4794.1394.7895.4296.0696.6997.3197.9298.5399.1299.70100.3100.8101.4101.9102.4102.9103.4103.8104.3104.7

00.002890.005760.008610.011430.014240.017020.019780.022530.025250.027960.030650.033320.035970.038610.041240.043850.046440.049020.051590.054150.056690.059220.061740.064250.066760.069250.071730.074200.076670.079130.081580.084030.086480.088920.091350.093790.096220.098660.10110.10350.10600.10840.11090.1134

0.18290.18240.18200.18160.18130.18100.18070.18050.18030.18010.18000.17990.17980.07970.17970.17970.17970.17970.17980.17980.17990.18000.18010.18020.18030.18040.18060.18070.18090.18100.18120.18130.18150.18170.18180.18200.18210.18230.18240.18250.18260.18270.18280.18280.1828




R-134aComposition: 100% 1,1,1,2-tetrofluoroethane (CF3CH2F)

Application: Household appliances, refrigeration (commercial and self-contained equipment), centrifugal chillers and automotive air conditioning

Performance: ¡ Industry standard choice for automotive AC and small appliances¡ Equipment optimized for R-134a over last 20 years

Lubricant: Compatible with polyolester lubricant for stationary equipment and polyalkaline glycol for automotive A/C systems

Retrofitting: ¡ Consult the comments on Pages 9 and 10 ¡ See Section II, pages 92-98 for detailed discussion

R-134a

National [ PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF REFRIGERANTS R-134a


Molecular Weight













HFC

102.3

-14.9

588.3

213.8

32.0

76.2

0.328

93.3

0.3366

0.2021

0

1430

A1

PRESSURETEMP CHART

TEMP. (˚F) R-134a psig

-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150

14.8”12.5”9.9”6.9”3.7”0.61.94.06.59.1

11.915.018.422.126.130.435.040.145.551.357.564.171.278.886.895.4104114124135147159171185199214229246263



R-134a Can 12 oz.

Cylinder

30 lb.30 lb.

Automotive Fitting

125 lb.

1,000 lb.

1,750 lb.




6th Edition 2016

TEMP. (˚F)


Density Liquid

(lb/ftˆ3)

Density Vapor

(lb/ftˆ3)

Enthalpy Liquid

(Btu/lb)

Enthalpy Vapor

(Btu/lb)

Entropy Liquid

(Btu/R-lb)

Entropy Vapor

(Btu/R-lb)-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150155160

4.04.75.56.47.48.69.9

11.312.915.316.618.821.223.826.629.733.136.840.845.149.754.860.265.972.278.885.893.5

101.4109.9119.0128.6138.9149.7161.1173.1185.9199.3213.4228.3243.9260.4277.6295.7314.7

90.4990.0089.5089.0088.5088.0087.4986.9886.4785.9585.4384.9084.3783.8383.2982.7482.1981.6381.0680.4979.9079.3278.7278.1177.5076.8776.2475.5974.9474.2773.5872.8872.1771.4470.6969.9369.1468.3267.4966.6265.7364.8063.8362.8261.76

0.09690.11270.13050.15050.17290.19780.22560.25630.29030.32770.36890.41400.46340.51730.57610.64010.70950.78480.86630.95441.0501.1521.2631.3821.5101.6471.7951.9532.1232.3052.5012.7102.9353.1763.4353.7134.0124.3334.6795.0525.4555.8926.3666.8827.447

-5.957-4.476-2.989-1.4980.0001.5033.0134.5296.0517.5809.11510.6612.2113.7615.3316.9018.4820.0721.6723.2724.8926.5128.1529.8031.4533.1234.8036.4938.2039.9141.6543.3945.1546.9348.7350.5552.3854.2456.1258.0259.9561.9263.9165.9468.00

94.1394.8995.6596.4197.1797.9298.6899.43100.2100.9101.7102.4103.2103.9104.6105.3106.1106.8107.5108.2108.9109.5110.2110.9111.5112.2112.8113.4114.0114.6115.2115.7116.3116.8117.3117.8118.3118.7119.1119.5119.8120.1120.4120.6120.7

-0.01452-0.01085-0.00720-0.003580.000000.003560.007080.010580.014060.017510.020930.024330.027710.031070.034400.037720.041010.044290.047550.050790.054020.057240.060440.063620.066800.069960.073110.076260.079390.082520.085650.088770.091880.095000.098110.10120.10440.10750.11060.11380.11690.12010.12330.12650.1298

0.23590.23470.23360.23250.23150.23060.22970.22890.22820.22740.22680.22620.22560.22500.22450.22400.22360.22320.22280.22240.22210.22170.22140.22120.22090.22060.22040.22010.21990.21970.21940.21920.21900.21870.21850.21830.21800.21770.21740.21710.21670.21630.21590.21540.2149

Thermodynamic Properties of R-134a



R-401A and R-401B

National National [ PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF REFRIGERANTS R-401A R-401B


Molecular Weight













Temperature Glide (˚F) (see section 2)

HCFC

92.8

-32.3

679.1

218.3

31.1

74.6

0.303

98.2

0.3027

0.1725

0.039

1288

A1

8

HCFC

94.4

-29.9

669

221

30.9

74.6

0.306

97.5

0.3037

0.1755

0.037

1182

A1

8

PRESSURETEMP CHART

R401A R401BLiquid(psig)

Vapor(psig) TEMP. (˚F)

Liquid(psig)

Vapor(psig)

8.1”5.1”1.7”1.03.05.27.7

10.313.216.319.723.427.431.736.441.346.652.458.565.071.979.387.195.4104114123134145156169181195209224239255272290

13.2”10.7”7.9”4.8”1.4”1.23.35.58.0

10.713.716.920.424.228.332.837.642.748.254.160.467.274.482.190.298.9108118128139151163176189203218234250267

6.5”3.3”0.22.14.36.69.2

12.015.118.422.025.930.134.639.544.850.456.462.869.676.984.792.9102111121131142153166178192206220236252269287305

11.8”9.1”6.1”2.8”0.52.54.77.19.7

12.615.819.223.027.031.436.141.146.652.458.765.472.580.188.296.8106116126137148160173187201216231248265283

-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150



R-401A Cylinder30 lb.

125 lb.

R-401B Cylinder30 lb.

125 lb.

R-401A

R-401BComposition: R-401A: (R-22 / 152a / 124) • (53 / 13 / 34 wt%)R-401B: (R-22 / 152a / 124) • (61 / 11 / 28 wt%) Replaces: R-401A: R-12R-401B: R-12 & R-500Application: R-401A: Medium and low temperature commercial and industrial

direct expansion refrigerationR-401B: Low temperature commercial and industrial direct expansion

refrigeration; R-12 air conditioning; R-500 systemsPerformance: ¡ Very similar capacity, higher temperature glide¡ Similar evaporator pressure when average evaporator temperature

is the same as R-12 ¡ Head pressure runs 20 psi to 30 psi higher than R-12Lubricant: Compatible with a combination of mineral oil and alkylbenzene or polyolester lubricants Retrofitting: ¡ Consult the comments on Pages 9 and 10¡ See Section II, pages 92-98 for detailed discussion




6th Edition 2016

Thermodynamic Properties of R-401A

-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150155

6.57.58.79.9

11.412.914.716.618.721.023.626.429.432.736.240.144.248.753.558.664.270.176.483.190.297.8

105.9114.5123.5133.1143.2153.9165.2177.0189.5202.6216.3230.7245.8261.7278.2295.5313.6332.6

88.1887.7187.2486.7786.2985.8285.3384.8584.3683.8683.3782.8682.3681.8481.3380.8080.2779.7479.2078.6578.1077.5476.9776.3975.8175.2174.6174.0073.3772.7472.0971.4370.7670.0869.3868.6667.9367.1766.4065.6064.7763.9263.0462.12

0.10490.12150.14010.16100.18420.21010.23860.27010.30480.34290.38460.43020.47990.53400.59270.65630.72510.79950.87980.96621.0591.1591.2671.3821.5051.6371.7791.9302.0922.2652.4492.6472.8583.0833.3243.5813.8574.1524.4684.8075.1715.5645.9876.444

-5.371-4.035-2.694-1.3500.0001.3542.7144.0785.4496.8258.2079.59510.9912.3913.8015.2116.6418.0719.5120.9522.4123.8825.3526.8328.3329.8331.3532.8734.4135.9637.5239.1040.6942.3043.9245.5647.2148.8950.5852.3054.0455.8157.6159.43

94.9395.6096.2696.9397.5998.2598.9199.56100.2100.9101.5102.1102.8103.4104.0104.6105.2105.8106.4107.0107.6108.2108.7109.3109.8110.4110.9111.4111.9112.4112.8113.3113.7114.1114.5114.9115.2115.6115.9116.2116.4116.6116.8116.9

-0.01309-0.00977-0.00648-0.003230.000000.003200.006370.009520.012650.015750.018820.021880.024920.027930.030930.033910.036870.039820.042750.045660.048570.051450.054330.057200.060050.062900.065730.068560.071380.074200.077010.079810.082610.085410.088220.091020.093820.096630.099450.10230.10510.10800.11080.1137

0.24180.24020.23860.23720.23580.23450.23330.23210.23100.22990.22890.22790.22690.22610.22520.22440.22360.22290.22210.22140.22080.22010.21950.21890.21830.21780.21720.21670.21620.21560.21510.21460.21410.21360.21310.21260.21200.21150.21100.21040.20980.20920.20850.2078

4.75.56.47.48.69.9

11.312.914.716.618.821.223.826.629.733.136.740.745.049.654.659.965.671.878.385.392.8

100.7109.2118.1127.6137.7148.3159.6171.4183.9197.1211.0225.6240.9257.1274.0291.7310.3

TEMP. (˚F)


Pressure Vapor (psia)

Density Liquid

(lb/ftˆ3)

Density Vapor

(lb/ftˆ3)

Enthalpy Liquid

(Btu/lb)

Enthalpy Vapor

(Btu/lb)

Entropy Liquid

(Btu/R-lb)

Entropy Vapor

(Btu/R-lb)



Thermodynamic Properties of R-401B

TEMP. (˚F)



Density Liquid

(lb/ftˆ3)

Density Vapor

(lb/ftˆ3)

Enthalpy Liquid

(Btu/lb)

Enthalpy Vapor

(Btu/lb)

Entropy Liquid

(Btu/R-lb)

Entropy Vapor

(Btu/R-lb)-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150155

6.98.09.2

10.612.113.715.617.619.822.325.027.931.134.538.342.346.751.456.461.867.673.880.487.595.0103111120130140150162173186199212227242258274291309328348

88.3487.8787.4086.9286.4485.9685.4784.9884.4883.9983.4882.9782.4681.9481.4280.8980.3579.8179.2678.7178.1577.5877.0076.4275.8275.2274.6173.9973.3672.7172.0671.3970.7070.0169.2968.5667.8167.0466.2565.4464.5963.7262.8161.87

0.11450.13240.15240.17480.19970.22730.25770.29140.32830.36880.41310.46140.51400.57130.63330.70050.77320.85160.93621.0271.1251.2301.3431.4641.5941.7321.8812.0392.2092.3902.5842.7913.0123.2483.5013.7714.0604.3694.7015.0585.4415.8546.3006.783

-5.346-4.016-2.681-1.3430.0001.3482.7014.0595.4226.7918.1669.54810.9412.3313.7315.1416.5617.9819.4220.8622.3123.7625.2326.7128.2029.7031.2132.7334.2635.8137.3738.9440.5342.1343.7545.3947.0548.7250.4252.1453.8855.6657.4659.30

95.5696.2196.8697.5198.1698.8099.44100.1100.7101.3102.0102.6103.2103.8104.4105.0105.6106.2106.7107.3107.8108.4108.9109.5110.0110.5111.0111.4111.9112.4112.8113.2113.6114.0114.3114.7115.0115.3115.5115.8116.0116.1116.3116.3

-0.01302-0.00972-0.00645-0.003210.000000.003180.006340.009470.012580.015670.018730.021770.024790.027790.030770.033740.036690.039620.042530.045440.048320.051200.054060.056920.059760.062590.065420.068240.071050.073850.076650.079450.082240.085040.087830.090630.093430.096240.099050.10190.10470.10760.11050.1134

0.24300.24140.23980.23830.23690.23550.23430.23300.23180.23070.22960.22860.22760.22670.22580.22490.22410.22330.22250.22180.22110.22040.21970.21900.21840.21780.21720.21660.21600.21540.21490.21430.21370.21310.21260.21200.21140.21080.21020.20950.20890.20820.20740.2067

5.26.17.18.29.4

10.812.414.116.018.120.523.025.828.932.235.839.743.948.553.458.764.470.577.084.091.499.3108117126136147158170182195209224239255272290309328




6th Edition 2016

R-402A and R-402B



R-123Cylinder

5 lb.

9 lb.

20 lb.

70 lb.

R-402AComposition: (R-125 / 290 / 22) • (60 / 2 / 38 wt%) Replaces: R-502Application: Low temperature commercial and industrial refrigerationPerformance: Lower discharge temperature, higher discharge pressure Lubricant: Compatible with mineral oil, alkylbenzene, or polyolester.Retrofitting: ¡ Consult the comments on Pages 9 and 10¡ See Section II, pages 92-98 for detailed discussion

R-402BComposition: (R-125 / 290 / 22) • (38 / 2 / 60 wt%) Replaces: R-502Application: Ice MachinesPerformance: Higher discharge temperature, lower discharge pressure Lubricant: Compatible with mineral oil, alkylbenzene, or polyolester.Retrofitting: ¡ Consult the comments on Pages 9 and 10¡ See Section II, pages 92-98 for detailed discussion




110 lb.

R-402B Cylinder 13 lb.

National National [ PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF REFRIGERANTS R-402A R-402B


Molecular Weight














HCFC

94.7

-52.9

645

180.7

33.1

72.81

0.328

90.42

0.317

0.1741

0.03

2416

A1

2.5

HCFC

101.6

-56.5

600

168

33.8

72.61

0.356

83.58

0.3254

0.1811

0.019

2788

A1

2.5

PRESSURETEMP CHART

R-402A psig TEMP. (˚F) R-402B psig

3.66.09.0

12.015.418.622.627.031.036.042.047.054.060.067.075.083.491.6100110120133143155170183198213230247262283303323345367391

––

6.39.1

12.115.418.922.927.131.736.742.148.054.260.968.175.884.092.8102112123134146158171185200215232249267286305326347370393418443470

-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150



TEMP. (˚F)



Density Liquid

(lb/ftˆ3)

Density Vapor

(lb/ftˆ3)

Enthalpy Liquid

(Btu/lb)

Enthalpy Vapor

(Btu/lb)

Entropy Liquid

(Btu/R-lb)

Entropy Vapor

(Btu/R-lb)-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140

13.415.317.419.822.325.228.331.735.439.443.848.653.759.265.271.678.485.893.6

102.0110.9120.3130.4141.1152.4164.4177.1190.5204.6219.5235.1251.6269.0287.2306.3326.4347.4369.5392.6416.9442.2

89.7089.1488.5888.0187.4486.8686.2885.6985.0984.4883.8783.2582.6281.9981.3480.6880.0279.3478.6577.9577.2476.5175.7675.0074.2373.4372.6171.7870.9170.0269.1068.1567.1766.1465.0663.9362.7461.4860.1358.6757.07

0.29460.33550.38070.43050.48540.54550.61130.68320.76150.84670.93921.0391.1481.2651.3921.5281.6751.8342.0042.1872.3832.5952.8213.0653.3263.6073.9094.2334.5834.9595.3665.8056.2816.7997.3627.9798.6589.40810.2511.1912.26

-5.410-4.067-2.718-1.3620.0001.3692.7464.1305.5226.9238.3319.74911.1812.6114.0615.5216.9818.4619.9521.4622.9724.5026.0427.6029.1830.7732.3834.0035.6537.3239.0140.7342.4844.2546.0747.9249.8151.7653.7655.8458.01

78.1678.8079.4580.0980.7381.3782.0082.6283.2483.8584.4685.0685.6586.2386.8187.3787.9388.4889.0189.5390.0590.5491.0291.4991.9492.3792.7893.1793.5493.8894.1994.4794.7194.9195.0795.1895.2295.2095.0994.8894.55

-0.01316-0.00983-0.00653-0.003250.000000.003230.006440.009620.012790.015940.019060.022180.025270.028350.031420.034480.037520.040550.043570.046590.049590.052590.055590.058580.061570.064560.067550.070540.073540.076540.079560.082590.085640.088710.091810.094940.098120.10130.10460.10800.1115

0.19680.19580.19480.19390.19310.19230.19150.19080.19010.18950.18890.18830.18780.18730.18680.18630.18580.18540.18500.18460.18420.18380.18340.18300.18260.18220.18180.18140.18100.18060.18010.17970.17910.17860.17800.17730.17660.17580.17480.17380.1725

12.013.815.818.020.523.226.129.432.936.841.045.650.656.061.768.074.781.889.597.7

106.4115.8125.7136.2147.4159.2171.8185.0199.0213.8229.3245.7263.0281.1300.2320.2341.3363.3386.5410.8436.3





6th Edition 2016

TEMP. (˚F)



Density Liquid

(lb/ftˆ3)

Density Vapor

(lb/ftˆ3)

Enthalpy Liquid

(Btu/lb)

Enthalpy Vapor

(Btu/lb)

Entropy Liquid

(Btu/R-lb)

Entropy Vapor

(Btu/R-lb)-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140

12.213.915.918.020.423.025.929.132.536.240.344.749.554.760.266.272.679.486.794.6

102.9111.8121.2131.2141.9153.1165.0177.6190.8204.8219.5235.0251.3268.4286.3305.2324.9345.6367.3390.0413.7

88.7688.2387.7087.1686.6286.0785.5284.9684.4083.8383.2582.6782.0881.4880.8880.2679.6479.0178.3777.7277.0576.3875.6974.9974.2873.5572.8172.0571.2770.4769.6468.8067.9267.0266.0865.1164.0963.0361.9160.7359.47

0.24540.27980.31780.35980.40610.45680.51240.57310.63920.71120.78940.87420.96591.0651.1721.2871.4121.5451.6891.8432.0082.1862.3762.5802.7983.0323.2833.5523.8404.1494.4824.8395.2245.6386.0866.5727.0997.6748.3038.9969.764

-5.366-4.033-2.694-1.3500.0001.3562.7194.0895.4666.8508.2429.64311.0512.4713.8915.3316.7818.2319.7021.1822.6724.1725.6827.2128.7530.3131.8833.4735.0836.7038.3540.0141.7043.4245.1646.9448.7450.5952.4854.4256.41

85.5186.1486.7687.3887.9988.6189.2189.8190.4090.9991.5792.1592.7193.2793.8294.3694.8995.4195.9296.4296.9197.3897.8498.2998.7199.1399.5299.89100.2100.6100.9101.2101.4101.6101.8101.9102.0102.1102.1102.0101.8

-0.01306-0.00975-0.00647-0.003220.000000.003200.006380.009530.012660.015770.018870.021940.025000.028040.031070.034080.037080.040060.043040.046000.048960.051910.054850.057780.060710.063640.066570.069490.072420.075350.078280.081230.084180.087150.090130.093140.096170.099240.10240.10550.1087

0.21540.21410.21290.21170.21060.20950.20850.20750.20660.20570.20490.20410.20330.20250.20180.20110.20050.19980.19920.19860.19800.19740.19680.19630.19570.19520.19460.19400.19350.19290.19230.19170.19110.19040.18980.18910.18830.18750.18660.18560.1846

10.812.414.216.218.520.923.626.629.933.437.341.546.151.156.462.268.375.082.189.797.8

106.5115.7125.5136.0147.0158.7171.1184.1197.9212.5227.8243.9260.9278.7297.4317.1337.7359.3382.0405.7




R-403B




100 lb.

PRESSURETEMP CHART

TEMP. (˚F) R-403B psig

-70-65-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120

10.5”7.8”4.5”1.2”1.33.34.87.4

10.113.216.520.124.028.232.837.743.048.754.961.468.475.984.893.3102112122132144156168181195210225242258276295

National [ PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF REFRIGERANTS R-403B


Molecular Weight














HCFC

103.25

-46.8

637.7

191.6

32.9

72.8

0.35

82.1

0.313

0.182

0.028

4460

A1

2

R-403BComposition: (R-22 / 290 / 218) • (56 / 5 / 39 wt%)

Replaces: R-13B1

Application: Very low temperature single-stage refrigeration

Performance: ¡ Evaporator operates in a vacuum when the low side temperature is

below -55˚F¡ Capillary tube must be replaced with a longer/more restrictive size

Lubricant: Compatible with mineral oil, alkylbenzene and polyolester

Retrofitting: ¡ Replacement for R-13B1 (Follow equipment manufacturer’s guidelines)




6th Edition 2016

TEMP. (˚F)



Density Liquid

(lb/ftˆ3)

Density Vapor

(lb/ftˆ3)

Enthalpy Liquid

(Btu/lb)

Enthalpy Vapor

(Btu/lb)

Entropy Liquid

(Btu/R-lb)

Entropy Vapor

(Btu/R-lb)-70-65-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120

9.711.012.614.216.118.120.222.825.628.632.035.639.543.848.453.358.664.470.577.184.191.699.5

108.0117.0126.6136.7147.4158.7170.6183.2196.4210.4225.0240.4256.5273.4291.0309.5

88.2287.6587.0786.5085.9285.3584.7784.2383.6983.1482.5882.0281.4580.8780.2979.7079.1078.4977.8777.2576.6175.9675.3074.6373.9473.2472.5371.8071.0670.2969.5168.7167.8967.0566.1865.2964.3763.4162.43

——————

0.4700.5270.5900.6580.7310.8120.8980.9921.0941.2031.3211.4481.5841.7301.8882.0562.2372.4312.6382.8603.0983.3523.6243.9154.2274.5604.9185.3015.7116.1536.6277.1387.689

——————

4.235.526.838.149.46

10.7912.1313.4814.8316.2017.5818.9620.3621.7623.1824.6126.0427.4928.9530.4331.9133.4134.9236.4537.9939.5541.1242.7144.3245.9447.5949.2650.95

——————

82.8983.5484.1884.8285.4686.0886.7087.3187.9188.5189.0989.6690.2290.7891.3191.8492.3592.8593.3393.8094.2594.6895.0995.4895.8596.2096.5396.8397.1097.3497.5597.7397.87

——————

0.021970.025010.028040.031050.034050.037030.039990.042940.045870.048800.051710.054600.057490.060360.063220.066080.068920.071760.074580.077400.080220.093030.085830.088630.091430.094230.097020.099820.10260.10540.10820.11110.1139

——————

0.20870.20800.20730.20670.20620.20560.20510.20460.20420.20370.20330.20290.20250.20210.20180.20140.20110.20070.20040.20000.19970.19930.19900.19860.19820.19780.19740.19700.19660.19610.19560.19510.1946

9.410.812.314.015.817.819.522.124.827.931.234.838.742.947.552.457.763.469.676.183.190.698.5

107.0116.0125.5135.6146.3157.6169.5182.1195.3209.2223.9239.2255.3272.2289.9308.3




R-404A



R-404ACylinder

24 lb.

100 lb.

800 lb.

1,300 lb.

R-404A Composition: (R-125 / 143a / 134a) • (44 / 52 / 4 wt%)

Replaces: R-502

Application: Medium and low temperature commercial and industrial refrigeration and ice machines

Performance: ¡ Similar PT and flow properties to R-502 (same TXV)¡ Best used in lower temperature refrigeration

Lubricant: Polyolester lubricant

Retrofitting: ¡ Consult the comments on Pages 9 and 10¡ See Section II, pages 92-98 for detailed discussion

National [ PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF REFRIGERANTS R-404A


Molecular Weight

Boiling Point (1atm, ̊ F)







Specific Heat Liquid (70˚F, BTU/lb. ̊ F)






HFC

97.6

-51.8

548.2

162.5

35.84

66.37

0.342

86.1

0.3600

0.2077

0

3920

A1

1.5

PRESSURETEMP CHART

TEMP. (˚F) R-404A psig

-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140

4.36.89.5

12.515.719.323.227.532.137.042.448.254.561.268.476.184.493.2103113123135147159173187202218234252270289310331353377401




6th Edition 2016

TEMP. (˚F)



Density Liquid

(lb/ftˆ3)

Density Vapor

(lb/ftˆ3)

Enthalpy Liquid

(Btu/lb)

Enthalpy Vapor

(Btu/lb)

Entropy Liquid

(Btu/R-lb)

Entropy Vapor

(Btu/R-lb)-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150155

11.813.515.417.619.922.525.428.531.935.639.744.148.854.059.565.571.978.786.193.9

102.3111.2120.7130.7141.4152.8164.7177.4190.8204.9219.9235.6252.1269.5287.8307.0327.2384.4370.6394.0418.5444.3471.4500.0

82.5382.0181.4880.9480.4079.8679.3178.7578.1977.6277.0576.4675.8775.2774.6674.0573.4272.7872.1371.4670.7970.1069.3968.6767.9367.1666.3865.5864.7563.8962.9962.0761.1060.0959.0357.9156.7355.4654.0852.5850.9249.0146.7343.74

0.26710.30440.34570.39130.44140.49650.55680.62280.69470.77300.85820.95061.0511.1591.2761.4031.5391.6861.8452.0162.2002.3972.6102.8393.0863.3523.6383.9474.2814.6425.0335.4585.9216.4266.9817.5928.2719.0299.88610.8712.0113.3915.1317.55

-5.913-4.447-2.973-1.4900.0001.4993.0074.5246.0517.5879.13310.6912.2613.8415.4317.0318.6420.2721.9123.5725.2426.9228.6230.3432.0833.8435.6237.4239.2441.0942.9744.8746.8148.7950.8152.8854.9957.1859.4361.7964.2666.9

69.8173.21

81.1981.9282.6483.3684.0884.7985.5086.2086.9087.5988.2888.9589.6290.2990.9491.5892.2192.8393.4494.0494.6295.1995.7496.2896.8097.2997.7698.2198.6399.0399.3999.71100.0100.2100.4100.5100.6100.5100.4100.199.6098.8997.7895.98

-0.01439-0.01075-0.00714-0.003560.000000.003540.007050.010540.014020.017470.020910.024330.027730.031120.034490.037850.041200.044540.047870.051200.054510.057820.061130.064430.067740.071040.074350.077670.080990.084330.087680.091050.094440.097860.10130.10480.10840.11200.11570.11960.12360.12780.13240.1378

0.20410.20320.20230.20150.20080.20010.19940.19880.19820.19770.19720.19670.19630.19590.19550.19510.19480.19450.19410.19380.19350.19320.19300.19270.19240.19210.19180.19150.19110.19080.19040.19000.18950.18900.18840.18780.18700.18620.18520.18400.18250.18070.17830.1748

11.313.014.916.919.321.824.627.731.034.738.743.047.752.858.364.270.577.384.692.4

100.7109.5118.9128.9139.6150.8162.8175.4188.8202.8217.7233.4249.9267.3285.5304.7324.9346.1368.4391.8416.4442.3469.6498.4




R-407A



R-407ACylinder

25 lb.

100 lb.

925 lb.

1,550 lb.

R-407A Composition: (R-32 / 125 / 134a) • (20 / 40 / 40 wt%)

Replaces: R-22

Application: Medium and low temperature commercial and industrial refrigeration

Performance: ¡ Lower discharge temperature¡ Closest capacity match to R-22 ¡ Similar P/T and flow properties = no component changes





Molecular Weight














HFC

90.1

-49.9

658.6

181

31.4

72.6

0.291

100.8

0.3554

0.1967

0

2110

A1

10

PRESSURETEMP CHART

R407A

TEMP. (˚F)Liquid(psig)

Vapor(psig)

3.96.49.2

12.215.619.223.227.532.237.342.848.755.162.069.377.285.694.6104114125137149162175190205221238255274293314335358382406

1.0”1.03.35.88.5

11.514.918.522.526.931.636.742.348.354.861.869.477.486.195.3105116127139152165179194210227245264284305327350375

-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140




6th Edition 2016

TEMP. (˚F)



Density Liquid

(lb/ftˆ3)

Density Vapor

(lb/ftˆ3)

Enthalpy Liquid

(Btu/lb)

Enthalpy Vapor

(Btu/lb)

Entropy Liquid

(Btu/R-lb)

Entropy Vapor

(Btu/R-lb)-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140

10.812.514.316.418.621.123.926.930.333.937.942.246.952.057.563.469.876.784.091.9100109119129140151164176190204220236252270289308329350373396421

88.8188.2687.7287.1786.6186.0585.4984.9284.3583.7783.1882.5981.9981.3980.7780.1579.5278.8878.2377.5776.9076.2175.5274.8174.0873.3472.5871.8071.0170.1969.3468.4867.5866.6565.6964.6963.6462.5561.3960.1758.87

0.1640.1890.2180.2500.2850.3250.3680.4160.4690.5270.5910.6600.7360.8180.9081.0051.1111.2251.3491.4821.6261.7821.9492.1302.3252.5342.7603.0033.2653.5483.8534.1834.5394.9255.3455.8016.2986.8437.4438.1068.843

-6.1454-4.6163-3.0826-1.54400.000

1.54963.10524.66726.23587.81149.394510.9912.5814.1915.8117.4419.0720.7222.3824.0525.7327.4229.1330.8532.5934.3536.1237.9139.7241.5543.4045.2747.1749.1051.0653.0655.0957.1659.2861.4563.69

95.4196.1296.8297.5298.2198.9099.59100.3100.9101.6102.3102.9103.6104.2104.8105.4106.0106.6107.2107.8108.3108.9109.4109.9110.4110.9111.3111.7112.1112.5112.9113.2113.4113.7113.9114.1114.2114.2114.2114.1113.9

-0.01496-0.01117-0.00741-0.003690.000000.003660.007290.010880.014460.018000.021520.025020.028490.031950.035380.038800.042190.045580.048940.052300.055640.058970.062290.065610.068920.072220.075520.078820.082130.085430.088740.092060.095390.098740.10210.10550.10890.11240.11590.11940.1230

0.24340.24180.24040.23900.23760.23640.23510.23400.23290.23190.23090.22990.22900.22810.22730.22640.22570.22490.22420.22350.22280.22210.22140.22080.22020.21950.21890.21820.21760.21690.21630.21560.21480.21410.21330.21250.21160.21070.20970.20860.2074

7.68.9

10.311.913.715.718.020.423.226.229.633.237.241.646.351.457.063.069.576.584.192.1101110120130142154166180194209225242260279299320342365390




R-407C



R-407CCylinder

25 lb.

115 lb.

925 lb.

1,550 lb.

R-407C Composition: (R-32 / 125 / 134a) • (23 / 25 / 52 wt%)

Replaces: R-22

Application: Medium temperature commercial and industrial refrigeration and residential and commercial air conditioning

Performance: ¡ Lower discharge temperature¡ Closest capacity match to R-22 ¡ Similar P/T and flow properties = no component changes



National [ PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF REFRIGERANTS R-407C


Molecular Weight














HFC

86.2

-43.6

672.1

187

32

72.4

0.289

106.7

0.3597

0.1987

0

1770

A1

10

PRESSURETEMP CHART

R407C


Vapor(psig)

3.05.48.0

10.914.117.621.325.429.934.739.945.651.658.265.272.680.789.298.3108118129141153166180195210226243261280300321342365389

4.4”0.6”1.84.16.69.4

12.515.919.623.628.032.838.043.649.656.163.170.678.787.396.8106117128140153166181196211229247266286307329353

-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140




6th Edition 2016

TEMP. (˚F)



Density Liquid

(lb/ftˆ3)

Density Vapor

(lb/ftˆ3)

Enthalpy Liquid

(Btu/lb)

Enthalpy Vapor

(Btu/lb)

Entropy Liquid

(Btu/R-lb)

Entropy Vapor

(Btu/R-lb)-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140

10.211.813.515.417.619.922625.428.632.035.839.944.349.154.359.966.072.579.486.994.9

103.4112.5122.2132.4143.4154.9167.2180.2193.8208.3223.5239.6256.5274.3292.9312.5333.0354.6377.1400.7

87.6687.1486.6186.0885.5585.0184.4683.9183.3682.8082.2381.6681.0880.5079.9079.3078.7078.0877.4676.8276.1875.5274.8574.1873.4872.7872.0671.3270.5769.8069.0068.1967.3566.4865.5964.6663.7062.7061.6560.5559.39

0.14180.16410.18900.21690.2480028250.32060.36280.40920.46020.51600.57710.64380.71640.79540.88120.97421.0751.1841.3021.4291.5661.7141.8732.0442.2292.4282.6422.8723.1203.3873.6753.9854.3214.6845.0785.5055.9716.4797.0377.652

-6.192-4.653-3.108-1.5570.0001.5643.1344.7116.2967.8889.48811.1012.7114.3415.9717.6219.2720.9422.6224.3026.0027.7229.4431.1832.9434.7136.4938.3040.1241.9643.8245.7147.6249.5551.5253.5155.5457.6059.7161.8664.06

100.9101.6102.3103.0103.7104.4105.1105.8106.5107.2107.9108.5109.2109.8110.5111.1111.7112.3112.9113.5114.1114.6115.1115.7116.2116.7117.1117.6118.0118.4118.8119.1119.4119.7120.0120.2120.3120.4120.5120.5120.4

-0.01508-0.01126-0.00747-0.003720.000000.003690.007350.010990.014600.018180.021740.025280.028790.032290.035760.039220.042650.046080.049480.052880.056260.059630.062980.066330.069680.073010.076350.079680.083010.086340.089670.093010.096360.099720.10310.10650.10990.11330.11680.12030.1239

0.25750.25580.25420.25270.25120.24980.24840.24720.24590.24480.24370.24260.24160.24060.23960.23870.23780.23700.23610.23530.23460.23380.23310.23230.23160.23090.23020.22950.22880.22810.22740.22660.22590.22510.22430.22350.22260.22170.22080.21970.2186

6.98.09.4

10.812.514.316.418.721.224.027.130.534.238.342.747.452.658.364.370.977.985.493.5

102.2111.5121.4131.9143.1155.1167.7181.2195.4210.5226.5243.4261.2280.0299.9320.8342.9366.1

Thermodynamic Properties of R-407C



R-408A




100 lb.

R-408A Composition: (R-125 / 143a / 22) • (7 / 46 / 47 wt%)

Replaces: R-502

Application: Medium and low temperature commercial and industrial refrigeration

Performance: ¡ Similar PT properties across the whole operating range of temperatures¡ Slightly higher discharge temperature

Lubricant: Mineral oil, alkylbenzene, and polyolester lubricant




Molecular Weight














HCFC

87

-49.8

641.6

182

30

66.9

0.303

96.74

0.3416

0.1901

0.024

3152

A1

1

PRESSURETEMP CHART


-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140

2.85.17.6

10.413.516.820.424.428.733.338.343.749.555.862.569.777.485.694.3104114124135147159173186201217233250268287307327349372




6th Edition 2016


TEMP. (˚F)



Density Liquid

(lb/ftˆ3)

Density Vapor

(lb/ftˆ3)

Enthalpy Liquid

(Btu/lb)

Enthalpy Vapor

(Btu/lb)

Entropy Liquid

(Btu/R-lb)

Entropy Vapor

(Btu/R-lb)-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140

11.212.814.616.718.921.424.127.130.333.937.741.946.451.356.662.368.474.981.989.497.4

105.9115.0124.6134.8145.6157.1169.2181.9195.4209.6224.6240.3256.9274.3292.6311.7331.8352.8374.9398.0

81.7081.2180.7280.2279.7279.2178.7078.1877.6577.1376.5976.0575.5074.9574.3973.8273.2472.6572.0671.4570.8470.2169.5868.9368.2667.5966.9066.1965.4664.7263.9563.1662.3461.5060.6259.7158.7657.7656.7155.6054.41

0.22880.26040.29540.33390.37630.42280.47360.52910.58960.65540.72680.80420.88790.97841.0761.1811.2951.4161.5471.6881.8392.0012.1752.3612.5612.7753.0053.2513.5153.7994.1044.4334.7875.1695.5836.0316.5207.0537.6388.2849.002

-5.734-4.311-2.881-1.4440.0001.4512.9104.3765.8517.3348.82610.3311.8413.3614.8916.4317.9819.5421.1222.7124.3125.9227.5529.1930.8532.5234.2235.9337.6639.4141.1842.9844.8046.6548.5350.4552.4054.4056.4458.5460.71

92.4793.1493.7994.4595.1095.7496.3897.0197.6498.2698.8799.47100.1100.7101.2101.8102.4102.9103.4103.9104.4104.9105.4105.9106.3106.7107.1107.5107.9108.2108.5108.8109.0109.2109.4109.5109.6109.6109.5109.4109.2

-0.01396-0.01043-0.00692-0.003450.000000.003420.006820.010200.013560.016890.020210.023500.026780.030050.033290.036530.039750.042950.046150.049340.052510.055680.058850.062000.065160.068310.071460.074610.077760.080920.084090.087260.090450.093650.096880.10010.10340.10670.11010.11350.1170

0.23200.23060.22930.22800.22680.22570.22460.22350.22250.22150.22060.21970.21890.21810.21730.21650.21580.21500.21430.21370.21300.21240.21170.21110.21050.20980.20920.20860.20790.20730.20660.20600.20520.20450.20370.20290.20210.20120.20020.19910.1979

10.912.514.316.318.521.023.726.629.833.337.141.345.850.755.961.567.674.181.188.596.5

104.9113.9123.5133.7144.5155.9167.9180.7194.1208.3223.2238.9255.5272.8291.1310.2330.3351.3373.3396.4



R-409A




125 lb.

R-409A Composition: (R-22 / 124 / 142b) • (60 / 25 / 15 wt%)

Replaces: R-12 & R-500

Application: Medium and low temperature commercial and industrial refrigeration and non-centrifugal air conditioning (R-500)

Performance: ¡ Pressure and system capacity match R-12 when operating at an average

evaporator temperature 10ºF to 20ºF.¡ Discharge pressure and temperature are higher than R-12¡ Capacity match to R-500 at air conditioning temperatures

Lubricant: Mineral oil, alkylbenzene and polyolester lubricant




Molecular Weight














HCFC

97.4

-31.8

680.7

224.4

31.7

76.1

0.313

94.75

0.2908

0.1685

0.047

1585

A1

13

PRESSURETEMP CHART

R409A


Vapor(psig)

0.2”1.83.96.28.7

11.414.417.621.124.929.033.438.143.248.654.460.667.274.281.789.698.0107116126137148159172184198212227242258

9.8”7.0”3.8”0.3”1.73.86.18.6

11.414.417.621.225.029.233.638.543.649.255.261.568.475.683.491.6100110120130141153165178192207222

-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140




6th Edition 2016

TEMP. (˚F)



Density Liquid

(lb/ftˆ3)

Density Vapor

(lb/ftˆ3)

Enthalpy Liquid

(Btu/lb)

Enthalpy Vapor

(Btu/lb)

Entropy Liquid

(Btu/R-lb)

Entropy Vapor

(Btu/R-lb)-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150155160

11.913.615.417.419.521.924.627.430.533.937.541.545.750.355.260.566.172.178.585.492.6

100.3108.5117.2126.3136.0146.2157.0168.3180.2192.7205.9219.6234.1249.2265.0281.5298.8316.8335.6355.2

87.8787.3886.9086.4185.9285.4284.9284.4183.9083.3882.8682.3481.8081.2680.7280.1779.6179.0478.4777.8977.3076.7076.0975.4874.8574.2173.5672.9072.2271.5470.8370.1169.3868.6267.8567.0566.2265.3864.5063.5862.63

0.17790.20300.23080.26160.29540.33260.37340.41800.46660.51960.57710.63950.70700.78000.85880.94371.0351.1331.2391.3521.4731.6031.7421.8912.0502.2192.4012.5942.8013.0223.2583.5103.7794.0684.3764.7075.0625.4435.8536.2966.775

0.0001.2952.5943.8995.2096.5247.8469.17410.5111.8513.2014.5515.9117.2818.6620.0521.4422.8424.2525.6727.1128.5530.0031.4632.9334.4235.9237.4338.9540.4942.0443.6145.1946.8048.4250.0651.7253.4155.1356.8758.65

94.0094.6495.2895.9296.5597.1897.8198.4399.0599.67100.3100.9101.5102.1102.6103.2103.8104.4104.9105.5106.0106.5107.0107.5108.0108.5109.0109.4109.9110.3110.7111.1111.4111.8112.1112.4112.6112.9113.1113.2113.4

0.000000.003060.006090.009100.012090.015050.017990.020920.023820.026700.029570.032420.035250.038070.040880.043670.046450.049210.051970.054710.057440.060170.062880.065590.068290.070890.073670.076360.079040.081720.084400.087080.089770.092450.095150.097850.10060.10330.10600.10880.1116

0.22870.22740.22620.22500.22390.22290.22190.22090.22000.21910.21820.21740.21670.21590.21520.21450.21390.21320.21260.21200.21150.21090.21040.20990.20930.20880.20830.20780.20740.20690.20640.20590.20540.20490.20430.20380.20330.20270.20210.20140.2008

8.09.3

10.612.113.815.717.720.022.525.228.231.434.938.742.847.352.057.262.768.674.981.788.996.6

104.8113.4122.7132.4142.7153.7165.2177.4190.2203.7217.9232.9248.6265.1282.5300.7319.8




R-410A



R-410ACylinder

25 lb.

100 lb.

850 lb.

1,450 lb.

R-410A Composition: (R-32 / 125) • (50 / 50 wt%)

Application: Air conditioning equipment and heat pumps. Only for newly manufactured equipment, NOT for retrofitting R-22

Performance: ¡ Pressures are 60% higher than R-22, therefore should be used only

in new equipment.


Retrofitting: ¡ For new equipment only



Molecular Weight














HFC

72.6

-61

691.8

158.3

34.5

67.74

0.261

116.8

0.3948

0.1953

0

2088

A1

0.2

PRESSURETEMP CHART


-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150

11.614.918.522.526.931.736.842.548.655.262.370.078.387.396.8107118130142155170185201217235254274295317340365391418446476507539573608




6th Edition 2016

TEMP. (˚F)



Density Liquid

(lb/ftˆ3)

Density Vapor

(lb/ftˆ3)

Enthalpy Liquid

(Btu/lb)

Enthalpy Vapor

(Btu/lb)

Entropy Liquid

(Btu/R-lb)

Entropy Vapor

(Btu/R-lb)-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140

25.628.932.636.741.146.051.256.963.169.877.184.993.2

102.2111.9122.2133.2144.9157.4170.7184.8199.8215.7232.5250.3269.1289.0310.0332.0355.3379.8405.6432.7461.2491.2522.7555.9

82.0281.4580.8880.3079.7179.1278.5177.9177.2976.6676.0375.3874.7374.0673.3872.6971.9971.2770.5369.7869.0168.2267.4166.5865.7164.8263.9062.9561.9560.9059.8158.6557.4256.1154.6853.1251.38

0.43840.49290.55260.61790.68920.76690.85140.94311.0431.1511.2671.3941.5301.6771.8362.0072.1922.3912.6062.8383.0883.3573.6483.9634.3044.6745.0755.5135.9906.5137.0897.7258.4349.23010.1311.1712.40

0.0001.6483.3034.9676.6408.32110.0111.7113.4215.1516.8818.6320.3922.1623.9525.7527.5829.4131.2733.1435.0436.9638.9040.8742.8744.9046.9649.0651.2153.3955.6357.9360.3062.7665.3167.9970.84

112.5113.1113.7114.3114.8115.4115.9116.4116.9117.4117.9118.3118.8119.2119.6119.9120.3120.6120.9121.2121.4121.6121.8121.9122.0122.0122.0122.0121.8121.6121.4121.0120.5119.9119.2118.2117.0

0.000000.003890.007740.011570.015370.019150.022900.026630.030350.034040.037710.041370.045020.048650.052270.055880.059490.063090.066680.070280.073870.077470.081070.084690.088320.091960.095620.099320.10300.10680.11060.11450.11850.12250.12670.13100.1356

0.26820.26640.26470.26310.26150.25990.25840.25700.25550.25410.25280.25140.25010.24880.24760.24630.24510.24380.24260.24130.24010.23880.23760.23630.23500.23360.23220.23080.22930.22770.22610.22430.22240.22030.21800.21550.2125

25.528.932.636.641.045.851.156.863.069.776.984.693.0

101.9111.5121.8132.8144.5156.9170.2184.3199.2215.1231.8249.6268.3288.2309.1331.1354.3378.8404.5431.6460.1490.1521.6554.8




R-414B



R-414B Cylinder 25 lb.

R-414B Composition: (R-22 / 600a / 124 / 142b) • (50 / 1.5 / 39 / 9.5 wt%)


Application: Medium and low temperature commercial and industrial refrigeration and stationary and automotive air conditioning

Performance: ¡ Pressure and capacity match R-12 in 30ºF to 40ºF evaporators¡ Slightly higher discharge pressure compared to R-12¡ Approved for retrofitting automotive AC

Lubricant: Mineral oil, alkylbenzene, and polyolester lubricant




Molecular Weight














HCFC

101.6

-29.9

665.4

226.4

31.6

76.02

0.325

91.5

0.2913

0.1723

0.043

1365

A1

13

PRESSURETEMP CHART

R414B


Vapor(psig)

2.0"0.82.84.97.39.9

12.715.719.022.626.430.635.039.844.950.456.262.469.076.083.591.499.7109118128138149160172185198212227242

11.3"8.6"5.6"2.3"0.72.74.97.39.9

12.815.919.222.926.931.135.740.746.051.657.764.271.178.486.294.5103113122133144156168181194208

-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140




6th Edition 2016

TEMP. (˚F)



Density Liquid

(lb/ftˆ3)

Density Vapor

(lb/ftˆ3)

Enthalpy Liquid

(Btu/lb)

Enthalpy Vapor

(Btu/lb)

Entropy Liquid

(Btu/R-lb)

Entropy Vapor

(Btu/R-lb)-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150155160

10.6112.0813.7015.4917.4619.6221.9824.5627.3730.4133.7137.2841.1245.2649.7254.4959.6065.0770.9077.1183.7290.7498.20106.1114.4123.3132.6142.4152.8163.7175.1187.1199.7212.9226.8241.3256.4272.2288.7306.0323.9

88.2187.7387.2586.7786.2885.7985.2984.8084.2983.7883.2782.7582.2381.7081.1780.6380.0879.5378.9778.4077.8277.2476.6576.0575.4474.8274.1973.5572.8972.2371.5570.8570.1569.4268.6767.9167.1266.3165.4864.6163.71

0.15840.18110.20640.23430.26520.29910.33630.37710.42160.47010.52280.58010.64220.70930.78180.85990.94411.0351.1321.2361.3481.4681.5961.7331.8802.0362.2042.3822.5722.7762.9933.2243.4723.7364.0184.3204.6444.9905.3635.7636.195

0.0001.3012.6083.9195.2356.5577.8849.21710.5611.9013.2514.6115.9817.3518.7320.1221.5122.9224.3325.7527.1828.6230.0731.5333.0034.4835.9737.4838.9940.5242.0743.6245.2046.7948.3950.0251.6653.3355.0256.7358.47

92.1692.8293.4994.1594.8195.4796.1396.7897.4398.0898.7299.3699.99100.6101.2101.9102.5103.1103.7104.3104.8105.4106.0106.5107.1107.6108.1108.6109.1109.6110.1110.5111.0111.4111.8112.1112.5112.8113.1113.4113.6

0.000000.003080.006120.009150.012150.015130.018090.021020.023940.026840.029710.032580.035420.038250.041060.043860.046640.049410.052170.054910.057650.060370.063090.065800.068490.071180.073870.076550.079220.081900.084560.087230.089900.092570.095240.097920.10060.10330.10600.10870.1115

0.22410.22300.22190.22080.21980.21890.21800.21710.21630.21560.21490.21420.21350.21290.21230.21170.21120.21070.21020.20970.20930.20890.20840.20800.20760.20730.20690.20650.20620.20580.20540.20510.20470.20440.20400.20360.20320.20280.20230.20190.2014

6.877.949.13

10.4511.9313.5715.3817.3719.5621.9624.5927.4530.5633.9437.6041.5645.8350.4255.3660.6566.3372.3978.8785.7793.12100.9109.2118.0127.3137.2147.6158.6170.2182.5195.3208.9223.1238.1253.8270.3287.6




R-417C



R-417C Cylinder 25 lb.

R-417C Composition: (R-125 / 134a / 600) • (19.5 / 78.8 / 1.7 wt%)

Replaces: R-12 and HCFC-based R-12 retrofit blends

Application: Medium and low temperature refrigeration

Performance: ¡ Capacity will be slightly higher than R-12; pressures will run higher

than R-12 and similar to R-401A/B and R-409A

Lubricant: Polyolester lubricant; a hydrocarbon additive is designed to circulate mineral oil or alkylbenzene, but addition of POE may be required if there is a problem with circulation.




Molecular Weight














HCFC

103.7

-26.7

591

204

32.12

74.6

0.2893

91.2

0.3387

0.2030

0

1820

A1

6

PRESSURETEMP CHART

R417C


Vapor(psig)

8.8”5.9”2.5”0.62.74.97.3

10.013.016.119.623.427.531.936.641.847.353.259.566.273.481.189.398.0107117127138150162175189203218234250268286305

12.4”9.8”6.7”3.5”0.22.24.46.99.5

12.515.719.223.027.231.736.541.747.353.359.866.774.182.090.499.3109119130141153166179193208223240257275294

-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150




6th Edition 2016

TEMP. (˚F)



Density Liquid

(lb/ftˆ3)

Density Vapor

(lb/ftˆ3)

Enthalpy Liquid

(Btu/lb)

Enthalpy Vapor

(Btu/lb)

Entropy Liquid

(Btu/R-lb)

Entropy Vapor

(Btu/R-lb)-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150155

5.816.767.829.0110.411.813.515.317.419.622.024.727.730.834.338.142.246.651.356.562.067.974.280.988.195.8104113122132142153165177190203218233248265282301320340

89.3488.8388.3287.8187.3086.7886.2685.7485.2184.6884.1483.6083.0582.4981.9381.3780.8080.2279.6379.0378.4377.8277.2076.5775.9275.2774.6173.9373.2372.5371.8071.0670.3069.5268.7267.8967.0466.1665.2464.2963.3062.2661.1760.02

0.11500.13360.15450.17790.20410.23330.26570.30160.34120.38470.43260.48510.54240.60500.67310.74720.82760.91481.0091.1111.2211.3401.4681.6051.7531.9122.0832.2672.4642.6762.9043.1493.4113.6943.9984.3264.6795.0615.4745.9236.4116.9437.5278.170

-5.966-4.481-2.993-1.4990.0001.5043.0144.5306.0527.5809.11510.6612.2113.7615.3316.9018.4820.0721.6723.2824.9026.5328.1729.8231.4833.1534.8436.5438.2639.9941.7343.4945.2747.0748.8950.7352.6054.4956.4058.3560.3362.3564.4166.51

89.2390.0090.7691.5292.2893.0393.7994.5495.2996.0496.7897.5298.2698.9999.71100.4101.1101.9102.6103.2103.9104.6105.3105.9106.6107.2107.8108.4109.0109.6110.1110.7111.2111.7112.2112.6113.0113.4113.8114.1114.3114.6114.7114.8

-0.01454-0.01086-0.00720-0.003590.000000.003560.007080.010580.014050.017500.020920.024320.027690.031040.034380.037690.040980.044260.047520.050760.053990.057210.060410.063600.066780.069950.073110.076270.079420.082560.085700.088840.091980.095130.098270.10140.10460.10780.11100.11420.11740.12070.12400.1273

0.22530.22420.22320.22220.22130.22040.21960.21890.21820.21760.21700.21640.21590.21540.21500.21460.21420.21380.21350.21320.21290.21260.21230.21210.21180.21160.21140.21120.21100.21080.21060.21040.21020.20990.20970.20940.20910.20880.20850.20810.20770.20720.20670.2061

4.665.476.397.438.609.9211.413.014.916.919.121.624.227.230.433.937.741.946.451.256.462.068.074.581.488.896.7105114124134144156168180194208222238255272290309329




R-422C

R-422C

Composition: (R-125 / 134a / 600a) • (82 / 15 / 3 wt%)

Replaces: R-502, R-404A, R-507, or R-22

Application: Medium temperature commercial and industrial refrigeration

Performance: ¡ Lower discharge temperature¡ TXV may appear undersized when retrofitting R-22 equipment¡ Up to 10% lower capacity





R-422C Cylinder24 lb.

100 lb.

R422C


Vapor(psig)

4.77.2

10.113.116.520.224.228.633.338.443.949.856.163.070.378.186.495.3105115125137149161175189204219236253272291311332354377402

2.24.57.1

10.013.216.620.424.529.033.839.144.750.857.464.472.080.188.797.9108118129141153167181195211227244263282302323345369394

-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140

PRESSURETEMP CHART



Molecular Weight














HFC

113.5

-50.7

547.7

163.5

33.7

72.5

0.391

77.0

0.3373

0.1973

0

3085

A1

5




6th Edition 2016


TEMP. (˚F)



Density Liquid

(lb/ftˆ3)

Density Vapor

(lb/ftˆ3)

Enthalpy Liquid

(Btu/lb)

Enthalpy Vapor

(Btu/lb)

Entropy Liquid

(Btu/R-lb)

Entropy Vapor

(Btu/R-lb)-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150

11.413.115.017.119.421.924.727.831.234.938.943.348.053.158.664.570.877.684.992.8101110119129140151163176189204218234251268286305326347369392416442469

90.2789.7089.1288.5487.9587.3686.7686.1685.5484.9284.3083.6683.0282.3681.7081.0380.3479.6478.9378.2177.4776.7275.9575.1674.3573.5272.6671.7870.8769.9368.9667.9566.8965.7864.6263.3962.0960.6959.1757.5255.6753.5451.00

0.260.300.340.390.450.500.570.640.720.800.890.991.101.221.351.491.641.801.982.162.372.592.823.083.353.653.974.314.695.095.536.016.537.097.728.419.17

10.0210.9912.0913.3814.9416.90

-5.616-4.222-2.822-1.4140.0001.4222.8514.2875.7327.1858.64710.1211.6013.0914.5916.1017.6219.1520.7022.2523.8225.4127.0128.6230.2531.9033.5635.2536.9638.6940.4442.2244.0345.8847.7649.6851.6553.6855.7857.9760.2762.7265.41

71.8372.5573.2773.9874.7075.4176.1176.8277.5178.2178.9079.5880.2580.9281.5982.2482.8883.5284.1484.7685.3685.9486.5287.0787.6188.1388.6289.1089.5489.9690.3590.7091.0291.2991.5291.6991.7991.8291.7591.5591.2090.6389.72

-0.01367-0.01021-0.00678-0.003380.000000.003350.006690.010000.013280.016550.019800.023030.026250.029450.032630.035800.038960.042100.045240.048370.051480.054600.057700.060810.063910.067010.070110.073220.076330.079450.082580.085730.088900.092100.095320.098590.10190.10530.10870.11230.11600.11990.1242

0.18190.18120.18050.18000.17940.17890.17850.17810.17770.17730.17700.17680.17650.17630.17610.17590.17570.17560.17540.17530.17520.17510.17500.17480.174701.7460.17450.17430.17410.17390.17370.17340.17310.17280.17240.17190.17130.17070.16990.16890.16770.16620.1642

9.611.112.814.816.919.221.824.727.931.335.139.243.748.553.859.465.572.179.186.794.8103113122133144156168181195210225242259277296317338360384408434462



R-422B and R-422D



R-123Cylinder

5 lb.

9 lb.

20 lb.

70 lb.




110 lb.

R-422D Cylinder25 lb.

110 lb.

National National [ PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF REFRIGERANTS R-422B R-422D

HFC109.9-45.8566.2175.233.070.90.37281.80.3390.2002730A1

5

HFC108.5-42.4574.1181.832.973.050.36384.20.33850.20102525A1

5

Environmental ClassificationMolecular WeightBoiling Point (1atm, ˚F)Critical Pressure (psia)Critical Temperature (˚F)Critical Density (lb./ftˆ3)Liquid Density (70˚F, lb./ftˆ3)Vapor Density (bp.lb./ftˆ3)Heat of Vaporization (bp, BTU/lb.)Specific Heat Liquid (70 ˚F, BTU/lb. ˚F)Specific Heat Vapor (1atm, 70 ˚F, BTU/lb. ˚F)Ozone Depletion Potential (CFC 11 = 1.0)Global Warming Potential (CO2 = 1.0)ASHRAE Standard 34 Safety Rating


PRESSURETEMP CHART

R422B R422DLiquid(psig)

Vapor(psig) TEMP. (˚F)

Liquid(psig)

Vapor(psig)

0.93.05.47.9

10.713.817.120.724.729.033.638.643.949.755.962.569.677.285.394

103113123134145158170184198213229246263281301321342

2.7”0.9”1.13.25.78.3

11.314.518.021.926.130.635.540.846.652.759.466.574.182.290.9100110120132143156169183198213230247265284304326

2.44.67.19.9

12.916.219.823.727.932.537.542.848.554.761.368.475.984.092.6102111122133144156169183197212228245262281300320341364

2.3”0.83.05.48.1

11.014.317.821.725.830.435.340.746.452.659.366.474.082.290.9100110121132144156170184198214231248266286306327350

-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140

R-422B

R-422D Composition: R-422B: (R-125 / 134a / 600a) • (55 / 42 / 3 wt%)R-422D: (R-125 / 134a / 600a) • (65.1 / 31.5 / 3.4 wt%)

Replaces: R-22

Application: R-422B: Medium temperature commercial and industrial refrigeration

and air conditioningR-422D: Medium and low temperature commercial and industrial

refrigeration and air conditioning

Performance: ¡ R-422B: Best match at warmer evaporator temps / AC¡ R-422D: Best match at medium temp evaporator / refrigeration¡ Lower discharge temperature¡ Possible undersized TXV or distributor nozzle based on pressure drop¡ Up to 10% lower capacity at lower evaporator temperatures






6th Edition 2016

TEMP. (˚F)



Density Liquid

(lb/ftˆ3)

Density Vapor

(lb/ftˆ3)

Enthalpy Liquid

(Btu/lb)

Enthalpy Vapor

(Btu/lb)

Entropy Liquid

(Btu/R-lb)

Entropy Vapor

(Btu/R-lb)-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140

9.110.512.013.715.617.720.022.625.428.531.835.439.443.748.353.358.664.470.677.284.391.9100109118127138149160172185199213228244260278296315335357

89.1788.6388.0987.5486.9986.4485.8885.3284.7584.1783.5983.0082.4181.8181.2080.5879.9579.3278.6778.0177.3576.6775.9775.2774.5573.8173.0572.2871.4970.6769.8368.9668.0767.1466.1865.1764.1363.0361.8760.6459.32

0.170.200.230.260.300.340.390.440.490.560.620.700.780.860.961.061.171.291.421.571.721.882.062.252.452.682.913.173.453.744.064.414.785.195.636.116.637.217.838.539.31

-5.810-4.366-2.916-1.4610.0001.4672.9414.4215.9087.4028.90410.4111.9313.4614.9916.5418.0919.6621.2322.8224.4226.0327.6529.2830.9332.6034.2835.9737.6939.4241.1742.9544.7446.5748.4250.3052.2154.1656.1558.2060.29

79.4580.1980.9481.6882.4283.1683.8984.6385.3586.0886.8087.5188.2288.9289.6290.3190.9991.6692.3392.9993.6394.2694.8995.5096.0996.6797.2397.7898.3098.8199.2999.74100.2100.6100.9101.2101.5101.8101.9102.0102.1

-0.01415-0.01057-0.00701-0.003490.000000.003460.006900.010310.013700.017070.020410.023730.027030.030310.033580.036820.040060.043270.046480.049670.052850.056010.059170.062330.065470.068610.071750.074890.078020.081160.084300.087450.090600.093770.096960.10020.10340.10670.11000.11330.1167

0.20220.20130.20040.19960.19890.19820.19760.19700.19640.19590.19550.19510.19470.19430.19400.19370.19340.19310.19290.19270.19250.19230.19210.19190.19180.19160.19140.19120.19110.19090.19070.19040.19020.18990.18960.18930.18890.18850.18790.18740.1867

6.67.79.0

10.412.013.815.717.920.423.026.029.232.736.640.845.350.255.561.367.474.181.288.896.9106115125135146158170184198212228244262280299319340




TEMP. (˚F)



Density Liquid

(lb/ftˆ3)

Density Vapor

(lb/ftˆ3)

Enthalpy Liquid

(Btu/lb)

Enthalpy Vapor

(Btu/lb)

Entropy Liquid

(Btu/R-lb)

Entropy Vapor

(Btu/R-lb)-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140

10.011.513.115.017.119.321.824.627.630.934.538.442.647.252.257.563.269.476.083.190.698.7107116126136147159171184197212227243259277295315335356378

89.0888.5387.9887.4286.8686.3085.7385.1584.5783.9883.3982.7982.1881.5680.9380.3079.6679.0078.3477.6676.9776.2775.5574.8274.0773.3072.5271.7170.8870.0369.1568.2367.2966.3165.2864.2163.0861.8960.6359.2857.82

0.200.230.260.300.340.390.440.500.560.630.710.790.880.981.081.201.321.461.601.761.932.112.302.522.742.993.253.543.844.184.534.925.345.806.306.847.448.098.829.63

10.55

-5.756-4.326-2.890-1.4480.0001.4552.9164.3845.8607.3438.83510.3411.8413.3614.8916.4217.9719.5321.1022.6824.2725.8727.4929.1230.7732.4334.1135.8137.5339.2641.0242.8044.6146.4448.3150.2152.1554.1356.1658.2560.41

76.7177.4578.1978.9279.6580.3981.1181.8482.5683.2783.9884.6985.3986.0886.7787.4588.1288.7889.4390.0890.7191.3391.9392.5393.1093.6694.2194.7395.2395.7096.1696.5896.9797.3297.6497.9198.1498.3098.4098.4298.35

-0.01402-0.01047-0.00695-0.003460.000000.003430.006840.010230.013590.016930.020240.023540.026820.030080.033320.036550.039770.042970.046150.049330.052500.055650.058800.061940.065080.068220.071350.074480.077620.080760.083910.087060.090230.093420.096620.099860.10310.10640.10980.11320.1167

0.19510.19430.19350.19280.19210.19150.19090.19040.18990.18940.18900.18860.18830.18800.18770.18740.18720.18700.18680.18660.18640.18630.18610.18600.18580.18570.18550.18530.18520.18500.18480.18450.18430.18400.18360.18320.18280.18230.18170.18100.1802

7.58.8

10.211.813.515.517.720.122.825.729.032.536.340.545.150.055.461.167.374.081.188.796.9106115125135147158171184198213229245263281300321342364

Thermodynamic Properties of R-422D




6th Edition 2016

R-500 and R-502



Molecular Weight













CFC

111.6

-49.5

582.8

177.3

35.5

77

0.388

74.2

0.2958

0.1641

0.23

4657

A1

CFC

99.3

-28.5

605.2

215.8

30.7

73

0.329

86.4

0.2782

0.1725

0.66

8077

A1

PRESSURETEMP CHART


-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140

4.16.59.2

12.115.318.822.626.731.135.941.046.552.458.865.672.880.588.797.4107116127138149161174187201216232248265283301321341363

7.6”4.6”1.2”1.23.25.47.8

10.413.316.419.723.427.331.536.040.946.151.657.663.970.677.885.493.5102111121131141152164177189203217232248

R-500 Composition: (R-12 / 152a) • (73.8 / 26.2 wt%))

Application: Air conditioning, dehumidifiers and centrifugal chillers

Lubricant: Mineral oil and alkylbenzene


R-502Composition: (R-22 / 115) • (48.8 / 51.2wt%)

Application: Low temperature commercial and industrial refrigeration and ice machines

Lubricant: Mineral oil and alkylbenzene




R-123Cylinder

5 lb.

9 lb.

20 lb.

70 lb.



R-500 Cylinder30 lb.

125 lb.

R-502 Cylinder30 lb.

125 lb.




TEMP. (˚F)



Density Liquid

(lb/ftˆ3)

Density Vapor

(lb/ftˆ3)

Enthalpy Liquid

(Btu/lb)

Enthalpy Vapor

(Btu/lb)

Entropy Liquid

(Btu/R-lb)

Entropy Vapor

(Btu/R-lb)-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150155

6.37.38.49.6

11.012.514.216.018.020.222.625.328.131.334.638.342.246.450.955.861.066.672.578.985.692.8

100.4108.4116.9125.9135.4145.5156.1167.2178.9191.2204.1217.7231.9246.8262.4278.7295.7313.6

85.2684.8184.3583.8983.4382.9782.5082.0381.5581.0780.5980.1079.6179.1178.6178.1077.5977.0776.5576.0175.4874.9374.3873.8273.2572.6772.0871.4870.8770.2569.6268.9868.3267.6466.9566.2565.5264.7764.0063.2162.3961.5460.6659.73

0.14980.17130.19510.22150.25060.28260.31770.35610.39800.44360.49320.54700.60530.66820.73620.80950.88830.97301.0641.1611.2661.3781.4971.6251.7611.9072.0622.2282.4052.5932.7943.0083.2363.4793.7394.0164.3134.6304.9705.3355.7266.1486.6047.097

-5.016-3.770-2.519-1.2620.0001.2682.5413.8205.1066.3977.6959.00010.3111.6312.9614.2915.6316.9818.3419.7021.0822.4623.8525.2526.6628.0929.5230.9632.4233.8935.3736.8638.3739.8941.4342.9944.5646.1547.7749.4051.0652.7454.4556.20

85.9886.6387.2787.9288.5689.2089.8390.4791.1091.7392.3592.9793.5894.1994.8095.4095.9996.5897.1697.7398.2998.8599.4099.94100.5101.0101.5102.0102.5102.9103.4103.8104.3104.7105.0105.4105.8106.1106.4106.6106.9107.1107.2107.3

-0.01222-0.00913-0.00606-0.003020.000000.002990.005970.008920.011850.014760.017650.020520.023370.026210.029030.031840.034630.037410.040170.042920.045660.048380.051100.053810.056500.059190.061870.064550.067220.069880.072540.075200.077850.080510.083160.085820.088490.091150.093830.096520.099220.10190.10470.1074

0.21550.21430.21310.21200.21100.21000.20910.20830.20740.20660.20590.20520.20450.20390.20330.20270.20220.20160.20110.20070.20020.19980.19930.19890.19850.19820.19780.19740.19700.19670.19630.19600.19560.19520.19490.19450.19410.19370.19330.19280.19230.19180.19130.1907

6.37.38.49.6

11.012.514.216.018.020.222.625.328.131.234.638.242.146.450.955.760.966.572.478.785.492.5

100.1108.1116.6125.5135.0145.0155.5166.6178.2190.4203.3216.8230.9245.7261.2277.4294.4312.1




6th Edition 2016


TEMP. (˚F)



Density Liquid

(lb/ftˆ3)

Density Vapor

(lb/ftˆ3)

Enthalpy Liquid

(Btu/lb)

Enthalpy Vapor

(Btu/lb)

Entropy Liquid

(Btu/R-lb)

Entropy Vapor

(Btu/R-lb)-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140

11.112.714.516.518.721.123.726.629.833.237.041.045.450.155.260.766.672.979.686.894.5

102.7111.4120.6130.4140.7151.7163.3175.5188.4201.9216.2231.3247.1263.6281.0299.3318.4338.5359.5381.4

93.9193.3592.7892.2091.6291.0490.4589.8589.2588.6488.0387.4086.7886.1485.4984.8484.1783.5082.8282.1281.4280.7079.9779.2278.4677.6876.8876.0775.2374.3773.4972.5871.6470.6669.6568.5967.4866.3265.0863.7762.36

0.29410.33420.37860.42730.48080.53940.60340.67310.74900.83130.92051.0171.1211.2341.3551.4861.6261.7771.9392.1132.2992.4992.7122.9423.1873.4503.7314.0334.3574.7055.0795.4815.9146.3826.8897.4388.0378.6929.41210.2111.10

-4.736-3.561-2.380-1.1930.0001.2002.4063.6194.8396.0667.3018.5449.79511.0512.3213.6014.8916.1817.4918.8020.1321.4722.8224.1825.5626.9528.3529.7731.2032.6634.1335.6237.1338.6740.2341.8243.4445.1046.8048.5550.36

70.9971.5972.1872.7773.3673.9574.5375.1175.6876.2576.8177.3777.9278.4779.0079.5380.0680.5781.0781.5782.0582.5282.9883.4383.8684.2884.6885.0785.4385.7886.1086.4086.6786.9187.1187.2887.4187.4987.5187.4787.35

-0.01153-0.00861-0.00572-0.002850.000000.002830.005640.008430.011210.013970.016710.019440.022160.024860.027550.030230.032900.035560.038210.040850.043480.046110.048740.051350.053970.056580.059200.061810.064420.067040.069670.072300.074950.077610.080290.082980.085710.088470.091270.094120.09704

0.17810.17720.17640.17560.17490.17420.17360.17300.17240.17190.17130.17090.17040.17000.16960.16920.16880.16840.16810.16770.16740.16710.16680.16650.16620.16590.16560.16520.16490.16460.16420.16390.16350.16300.16260.16210.16160.16100.16030.15960.1587

10.912.514.316.318.520.923.526.429.633.036.840.845.250.055.160.666.572.879.586.794.4

102.6111.3120.5130.3140.7151.6163.2175.4188.3201.9216.2231.2247.0263.6281.0299.3318.4338.5359.5381.4



R-503



R-123Cylinder

5 lb.

9 lb.

20 lb.

70 lb.



R-503Cylinder

5 lb.

9 lb.

20 lb.

80 lb.



Molecular Weight













CFC

87.25

-125.5

618.6

65.2

34.4

68.4

0.373

77.1

0.3671

0.1537

0.06

14560

A1

PRESSURETEMP CHART


-125-120-115-110-105-100-95-90-85-80-75-70-65-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-5-05

101520

0.53.16.09.3

12.916.921.426.331.837.744.251.359.067.376.486.196.6108120133147161177194212230250272294318

R-503 Composition: (R-23 / 13) • (40.1 / 59.9 wt%)

Application: Very low temperature refrigeration (low stage of a cascade system)

Performance: ¡ R-503 runs with better capacity and lower discharge pressure than R-13¡ Operates in the low temperature stage of a cascade system because

of its low boiling point

Lubricant: ¡ Compatible with mineral oil¡ Hydrocarbon additives are often added to a system to improve oil

circulation at very low temperatures

Retrofitting: ¡ Consult the comments on Page 10¡ See Ultra Low Temperature Refrigeration Section (pages 66-67)




6th Edition 2016

TEMP. (˚F)



Density Liquid

(lb/ftˆ3)

Density Vapor

(lb/ftˆ3)

Enthalpy Liquid

(Btu/lb)

Enthalpy Vapor

(Btu/lb)

Entropy Liquid

(Btu/R-lb)

Entropy Vapor

(Btu/R-lb)-140-135-130-125-120-115-110-105-100-95-90-85-80-75-70-65-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10505

101520

9.110.812.714.917.420.323.527.031.035.440.245.651.457.964.972.580.889.799.4

109.9121.1133.2146.1160.0174.8190.5207.3225.2244.1264.2285.6308.1332.0

94.6794.0493.4092.7592.0991.4390.7590.0689.3688.6587.9387.1986.4485.6784.8984.0983.2882.4581.6080.7279.8378.9177.9676.9975.9974.9573.8772.7671.5970.3769.0967.7466.31

0.23740.27880.32570.37850.43770.50390.57760.65950.75000.85000.96011.0811.2141.3591.5171.6901.8782.0832.3062.5492.8123.0973.4083.7454.1124.5114.9465.4215.9416.5127.1427.8398.616

-25.81-24.60-23.39-22.16-20.94-19.70-18.46-17.21-15.95-14.68-13.40-12.12-10.82-9.512-8.192-6.861-5.517-4.159-2.788-1.4020.0001.4192.8554.3125.7897.2898.81310.3711.9513.5615.2216.9218.67

53.3253.8254.3054.7955.2655.7356.1956.6457.0857.5157.9358.3458.7459.1259.4959.8560.1960.5160.8261.1161.3761.6261.8462.0462.2162.3562.4562.5262.5462.5262.4462.3062.09

-0.06936-0.06562-0.06192-0.05826-0.05464-0.05105-0.04748-0.04395-0.04045-0.03698-0.03352-0.03010-0.02669-0.02330-0.01993-0.01658-0.01324-0.00992-0.00660-0.003300.000000.003290.006590.009880.013180.016480.019800.023130.026480.029870.033290.036760.04029

0.17820.17590.17370.17170.16970.16780.16600.16430.16270.16110.15950.15800.15660.15520.15390.15250.15130.15000.14880.14760.14640.14520.14400.14280.14160.14040.13920.13790.13670.13530.13390.13250.1309

9.110.812.714.917.420.223.426.930.935.240.045.351.157.564.472.080.189.098.6

108.9120.0131.9144.7158.3172.9188.5205.1222.7241.5261.4282.5304.8328.5




R-507



R-123Cylinder

5 lb.

9 lb.

20 lb.

70 lb.



R-507Cylinder

25 lb.

100 lb.

800 lb.

1,400 lb.

PRESSURETEMP CHART


-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-5-05

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140145150

5.58.2

11.114.317.821.725.830.335.240.546.152.258.865.873.381.389.898.9109119130141154167180195210226244252281301322344368393419446475

R-507 Composition: (R-125 / 143a) • (50 / 50 wt%)

Application: Medium and low temperature commercial and industrial refrigeration and ice machines

Performance: ¡ Similar to R-404A in operation ¡ Pressure and capacity are slightly higher than R-404A





Molecular Weight













HFC

98.9

-52.8

539

159

30.7

66.65

0.349

84.35

0.3593

0.2064

0

3985

A1




6th Edition 2016

TEMP. (˚F)



Density Liquid

(lb/ftˆ3)

Density Vapor

(lb/ftˆ3)

Enthalpy Liquid

(Btu/lb)

Enthalpy Vapor

(Btu/lb)

Entropy Liquid

(Btu/R-lb)

Entropy Vapor

(Btu/R-lb)-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520253035404550556065707580859095

100105110115120125130135140

12.113.915.818.020.423.126.029.232.736.540.745.250.155.361.067.173.680.688.196.1

104.7113.8123.5133.8144.7156.3168.5181.5195.1209.6224.8240.8257.7275.5294.2313.8334.4356.1378.8402.7427.9

83.1082.5782.0381.4980.9480.3979.8379.2778.7078.1277.5376.9476.3475.7375.1174.4873.8473.1872.5271.8471.1570.4569.7368.9968.2367.4566.6565.8264.9764.0863.1762.2161.2160.1759.0757.9156.6755.3453.8952.2950.50

0.28990.32980.37380.42230.47560.53400.59800.66780.74390.82670.91661.0141.1201.2341.3571.4911.6341.7891.9562.1362.3292.5372.7613.0023.2623.5413.8434.1694.5214.9025.3155.7646.2556.7927.3828.0358.7629.58010.5111.5912.86

-5.871-4.416-2.952-1.4800.0001.4892.9874.4946.0107.5379.07310.6212.1813.7515.3316.9218.5220.1421.7723.4225.0826.7628.4530.1731.9033.6535.4237.2139.0340.8742.7544.6546.5948.5750.5952.6654.7956.9859.2661.6464.17

79.5480.2680.9881.6982.4083.1183.8184.5185.2085.8886.5687.2387.8988.5589.1989.8390.4591.0791.6792.2692.8493.4093.9494.4794.9795.4695.9296.3696.7797.1597.5097.8098.0798.2898.4398.5298.5398.4498.2497.8797.30

-0.01429-0.01068-0.00709-0.003540.000000.003510.007000.010470.013920.017350.020770.024170.027550.030910.034270.037610.040940.044260.047570.050870.054170.057460.060750.064040.067330.070620.073920.077220.080530.083860.087200.090560.093950.097370.10080.10430.10790.11160.11530.11920.1233

0.19940.19860.19780.19700.19640.19570.19510.19460.19400.19350.19310.19270.19230.19190.19150.19120.19090.19060.19030.19000.18980.18950.18920.18900.18870.18840.18820.18790.18750.18720.18680.18640.18590.18540.18480.18420.18340.18250.18140.18010.1785

12.113.915.818.020.423.126.029.232.736.540.745.250.055.360.967.073.680.688.196.1

104.6113.7123.4133.7144.6156.1168.3181.3194.9209.4224.6240.6257.5275.2293.9313.5334.1355.8378.6402.5427.6




R-508B



R-123Cylinder

5 lb.

9 lb.

20 lb.

70 lb.



R-508BCylinder

5 lb.

10 lb.

20 lb.

70 lb.

PRESSURETEMP CHART

TEMP. (˚F) R-508B psig

-125-120-115-110-105-100-95-90-85-80-75-70-65-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520

0.53.16.09.3

12.916.921.426.431.837.844.451.559.367.876.986.897.5109121135149164180197216235256278301326

R-508B Replaces: (R-23 / 116) • (46 / 54 wt%)


Application: Very low temperature refrigeration (low stage of a cascade system)

Performance: ¡ PT properties are very similar to R-503 and can be used to replace

R-13 or R-503 in an existing system¡ Higher capacity and lower discharge temperature compared to R-23

Lubricant Recommendation: ¡ Compatible with polyolester¡ Hydrocarbon additives are often added to a system to improve

oil circulation at very low temperatures

Retrofitting: ¡ Consult the comments on Page 10¡ See Ultra Low Temperature Refrigeration Section (pages 66-67)



Molecular Weight













HFC

95.4

-125.3

556.1

53.7

35.6

65.4

0.426

71.4

0.4221

0.1701

0

13400

A1




6th Edition 2016

TEMP. (˚F)



Density Liquid

(lb/ftˆ3)

Density Vapor

(lb/ftˆ3)

Enthalpy Liquid

(Btu/lb)

Enthalpy Vapor

(Btu/lb)

Entropy Liquid

(Btu/R-lb)

Entropy Vapor

(Btu/R-lb)-160-155-150-145-140-135-130-125-120-115-110-105-100-95-90-85-80-75-70-65-60-55-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505

101520

4.15.16.27.58.9

10.612.614.817.420.223.427.031.035.540.445.851.758.365.473.281.690.7

100.6111.3122.8135.2148.4162.6177.8194.0211.3229.7249.3270.1292.2315.7340.6

100.799.9699.2498.5297.8097.0896.3795.6594.9294.1993.4592.7091.9491.1890.3989.6088.7987.9687.1286.2585.3684.4583.5182.5581.5580.5279.4578.3477.1875.9874.7273.4072.0270.5669.0267.3965.63

0.11810.14380.17370.20830.24820.29370.34550.40410.47010.54410.62690.71910.82140.93471.0601.1981.3491.5151.6971.8962.1142.3512.6112.8933.2023.5393.9064.3084.7485.2315.7636.3507.0007.7258.5409.46110.52

-32.27-30.98-29.70-28.42-27.14-25.86-24.57-23.29-22.00-20.70-19.40-18.09-16.77-15.45-14.11-12.76-11.40-10.03-8.648-7.249-5.834-4.403-2.955-1.4870.0001.5093.0414.5986.1827.7969.44111.1212.8414.5916.4018.2620.18

44.1544.7245.2945.8546.4046.9547.4948.0348.5649.0849.5950.1050.5951.0851.5652.0252.4852.9253.3553.7654.1754.5554.9255.2755.6055.9056.1856.4456.6656.8556.9957.1057.1557.1357.0556.8856.60

-0.08953-0.08527-0.08109-0.07699-0.07297-0.06900-0.06509-0.06124-0.05743-0.05366-0.04993-0.04623-0.04256-0.03892-0.03531-0.03172-0.02815-0.02460-0.02106-0.01753-0.01402-0.01051-0.00701-0.003500.000000.003510.007020.1055

0.014090.017650.021230.024840.028490.032180.035920.039720.04361

0.16640.16400.16180.15960.15760.15570.15390.15220.15050.14900.14760.14620.14490.14360.14240.14120.14010.13910.13810.13710.13610.13520.13430.13340.13250.13160.13070.12980.12890.12800.12700.12600.12490.12370.12250.12110.1195

3.94.85.97.28.6

10.312.314.517.119.923.126.730.835.240.145.651.658.165.373.081.590.7

100.6111.3122.8135.1148.4162.6177.8194.0211.3229.6249.2270.0292.1315.6340.5


66 Refrigerant Reference Guide


6th Edition 2016

Ultra-low temperature systems are used to achieve low temperature baths or boxes for laboratory use, storage of pharmaceutical or biological samples, low temperature manufacturing of metals, or extreme-temperature-environment testing.

The lowest temperature that can practically be achieved in single-stage refrigeration systems is about -40˚F to -50˚F. A single-stage system is limited by the compression ratio of the compressor and the ambient temperature in which it must condense the refrigerant. Temperatures from -50˚F down to -120˚F or lower can only be achieved economically by using cascade refrigeration systems.

A typical cascade system is shown in Figure 1. A standard refrigeration system is used on the “high side” (a) to create a cold temperature in the cascade condenser (b). The “low side” system (c) is able to condense at -20˚F to -30˚F and evaporate as low as -120˚F with the available refrigerants before they go into vacuum. Larger systems tend to have some kind of oil separator and oil management system (d) to keep the oil in the compressor. Some systems also employ an expansion tank (e) to keep the refrigerant from generating extreme pressures at room temperature when the system is off.

Figure 1: CASCADE SYSTEM

Traditional High Side Refrigerants: R-12 R-22 R-502

Alternative High Side Refrigerants: R-134a R-404A R-507

Traditional Low Side Refrigerants: R-13 R-503

Alternative Low Side Refrigerants: R-23 R-508B

Ultra-Low Temperature Refrigeration



6th Edition 2016

Ultra-Low Temperature Refrigeration

Ultra-Low Temperature RefrigerationOil Circulation: Standard refrigeration oils will become very thick at low temperatures and will not flow around the system back to the compressor. If the compressor gets too cold, the oil will gel inside the compressor sump and not provide lubrication. Many systems rely on the refrigerant to soak into the oil and move it around the system. This method of oil circulation works well down to about -100˚F evaporator temperature. In addition, systems with short run times will allow the oil to return to the compressor when the evaporator warms.

Systems that run for longer times at colder temperatures, or involve complicated piping, will need to use an oil separator after the low stage compressor(s). Hydrocarbon refrigerants are typically added to the system so they can soak into the oil and keep it fluid at very low temperatures. The amount of hydrocarbon used is typically between 5 - 10% (by weight) of the refrigerant charge. National Refrigerants, Inc. supplies the following hydrocarbons for use in cascade systems:

Part Number Size Product

3R170 3 lb. cylinder R-170 ETHANE

004R170 4 oz. cylinder R-170 ETHANE

004R1150 4 oz cylinder R-1150 ETHYLENE

016R600 16 oz. cylinder R-600 BUTANE

016R600a 16 oz. cylinder R-600a ISOBUTANE

014R290 14 oz. cylinder R-290 PROPANE

016RPENTANE 16 oz. can PENTANE LIQUID

Moisture: Removal of moisture is more important in cascade systems than it is at higher temperature ranges. Refrigerants such as R-22 and R-404A can absorb and carry much more water than the 10 ppm specified in AHRI-700 and the 30 to 50 ppm indication level of a sight glass. In contrast, R-13 is estimated to only hold about 0.1 ppm of water at -80˚F. Excess moisture will definitely separate from the refriger-ant and clog capillary tubes or cause other problems. Maintenance of driers is very important in the low stage of a cascade system.

Expansion Volume: Refrigerants in the low stage must maintain “normal” operating pressures in the compressor at very low temperatures. These refrigerants will condense around -30˚F to -20˚F at pressures from 110 psig to 160 psig. When these refrigerants warm up to room temperature, however, the saturation pressure, or in some cases the critical pressure, can exceed 700 psig.

Rather than incurring the expense of building systems to withstand these pressures, an expansion tank or other system volume is provided. The charge expands into the extra volume, allowing all liquid to boil completely to vapor. Simple gas laws dictate how much volume is needed to keep the charge at a gas pressure of usually no more than 250 psig. Consequently, systems are often charged simply by bringing the uncharged system up to a manufacturer-specified static pressure.

For additional information on Retrofitting, see pages 92-98



6th Edition 2016

Refrigerant Color Codes (AHRI Guideline N)

REFRIGERANT CHEMICAL NAME COLOR PMS #

R-11 Trichlorofluoromethane Orange 021

R-12 Dichlorodifluoromethane White N/A

R-13 Chlorotrifluoromethane Light Blue 2975

R-113 Trichlorotrifluoroethane Dark Purple 266

R-114 Dichlorotetrafluoroethane Navy Blue 302

R-22 Chlorodifluoromethane Light Green 352

R-23 Trifluoromethane Light Blue Gray 428

R-123 Dichlorotrifluoroethane Light Blue Gray 428

R-124 Chlorotetrafluoroethane DOT Green 335

R-134a Tetrafluoroethane Light Blue 2975

R-401A Chlorodifluoromethane, Difluoroethane, Chlorotetrafluoroethane Pinkish-Red 177

R-401B Chlorodifluoromethane, Difluoroethane, Chlorotetrafluoroethane Yellow-Brown 124

R-402A Chlorodifluoromethane, Pentafluoroethane, Propane Light Brown 461

R-402B Chlorodifluoromethane, Pentafluoroethane, Propane Green-Brown 385

R-403B Chlorodifluoromethane, Octafluoropropane, Propane Light Gray 413

R-404A Pentafluoroethane, Trifluoroethane, Tetrafluoroethane Orange 021

R-407A Difluoromethane, Pentafluoroethane, Tetrafluoroethane Lime Green 368

R-407C Difluoromethane, Pentafluoroethane, Tetrafluoroethane Brown 471

R-408A Chlorodifluoromethane, Trifluoroethane, Pentafluoroethane Medium Purple 248

R-409A Chlorodifluoromethane, Chlorotetrafluoroethane, Chlorodifluoroethane Medium Brown 465

R-410A Difluoromethane, Pentafluoroethane Rose 507

R-414B Chlorodifluoromethane, Chlorotetrafluoroethane, Chlorodifluoroethane, Isobutane Medium Blue 2995

R-417C Pentafluoroethane, Tetrafluoroethane, Butane Light Grey —

R-422B Pentafluoroethane, Tetrafluoroethane, Isobutane Navy Blue —

R-422C Pentafluoroethane, Tetrafluoroethane, Isobutane Yellow 123

R-422D Pentafluoroethane, Tetrafluoroethane, Isobutane Green-Yellow 375

R-500 Dichlorodifluoromethane, Difluoroethane Yellow 109

R-502 Chlorodifluoromethane, Chloropentafluoroethane Light Purple 251

R-503 Chlorotrifluoromethane, Trifluoromethane Blue -Green 3268

R-507 Pentafluoroethane, Trifluoroethane Aqua Blue 326

R-508B Trifluoromethane, Hexafluoroethane Navy Blue 302

II


RETROFITS AND CONVERSIONSPG: 70-89 INTRODUCTION TO RETROFITTING:

BLENDS TUTORIAL 71 Fractionation 79 Temperature Glide 87 Application Property Match PG: 90-98 RETROFITTING GUIDELINES AND PROCEDURES 90 Checklist and Data Sheet 92 R-22 Alternative Retrofit Guidelines 94 General Retrofit Procedures 96 Sizing Thermostatic Expansion Devices (TXV)


Introduction to Retrofitting: Blends Tutorial



6th Edition 2016

Background

The components of a specific piece of air conditioning or refrigeration equipment have been engineered specifically around the properties of the recommended refrigerant. When replacement of that refrigerant becomes necessary for technical, regulatory, or economic reasons, the replacement refrigerant should have as many properties similar to the original refrigerant as possible. This will minimize hardware changes, controls adjustments, or other time consuming operations such as oil changes.

Since the late 1980s, the development of blends has focused on matching the properties of the original refrigerant in order to offer some advantage over other competing blends. Early R-12 blends focused on evaporator performance in refrigeration systems; however, it became clear that more R-12 was sold for use in automotive air conditioning rather than in refrigeration. Since these systems experience higher condenser temperatures, a second wave of blends came into the market that had lower head pressures.

Manufacturers introduced R-502 retrofit blends that simply removed the R-115, a CFC, and mixed HFC components with R-22. While this approach was very effective at reducing R-502 use during the transition from CFCs in the mid 1990’s, it now leaves equipment owners with the challenge of replacing the HCFC-based blends again.

As early as 1992, manufacturers and suppliers of R-22 based air conditioning equipment were looking for alternatives. While the focus was mainly on replacing R-22 for newly built equipment, several retrofit blends were also identified in the process.

Today

2010 was the first year when R-22 was not allowed for use in new equipment. In addition, since 2010 the amount of R-22 available for service has been subject to governmental restrictions. As long as R-22 is available for service, it is still the best technical and economical choice. In some market segments, however, there has been environmental or economic pressure to retrofit (for example, in the supermarket industry). As these pressures shift to residential air conditioning or small refrigeration applications, the need for retrofitting will increase. Finally, R-22-containing blends that were previously used to retrofit CFC systems may also require changeover to chlorine-free blends.

Blends Tutorial

The following information is designed to help technicians understand how blends are different from single-component refrigerants. Fractionation and temperature glide are explained in a way that shows the effect on system operation and controls. Actual products and their impact on the market are discussed, and retrofit procedures are provided for a variety of products and equipment.

Introduction to Retrofitting: Blends Tutorial



6th Edition 2016

Introduction to Retrofitting

Blends are made up of two or more single component refrigerants. When mixing refrigerants, for example, refrigerant “A” and refrigerant “B”, we generally speak about the higher pressure, higher capacity component first. For purposes of this tutorial, “A” will be the higher pressure product.

When two or more refrigerants are placed into the same container, one of two situations will occur, depending on how strongly the different molecules are attracted to each other:

Azeotrope: a blend that behaves like a single component refrigerant. When a blend forms an azeotrope, it displays unique and unexpected properties.

Zeotrope: a blend that behaves like a mixture of the individual components. Zeotropes have predictable properties based on combinations of the pure components’ properties.

Two properties of concern are Fractionation and Temperature Glide. We can split the zeotropic blends into Low Fractionation Potential, which also exhibit Low Temperature Glide, and High Fractionation Potential, which also exhibit High Temperature Glide. Generally speaking, zeotropic blends with lower temperature glides do not show the same problems with fractionation that are seen with higher glide blends.

P = P*A

By Convention, Higher Pressure Component is First (P*A > P*B)

SINGLE COMPONENTS vs. BLENDS

P = P*B

A B

x

BA +

x

x



6th Edition 2016


Azeotrope: a special case where the refrigerants combine in a unique way. In an azeotropic composi-tion, the blend behaves like a single refrigerant with its own pressure-temperature (P-T) relationship. The pressure after mixing is either higher than the pressures of the individual components, or is lower than either component. Because the refrigerants are attracted to each other in a special way, the vapor in equilibrium with the liquid is at the same composition during phase change.

Note: The azeotropic composition depends on temperature. The same combination of refrigerants may form an azeotrope at a different ratio, or not at all, at some other temperature.

Zeotrope: the P-T relationship is a natural combination of the components’ properties. The pressure for the blend falls between the pressures of its components and can be calculated according to established formulas. Considering the P-T relationship for each refrigerant, the resulting pressure and the vapor composition above the liquid for any given liquid composition can be calculated.

In general, if a lot of A is mixed with B, then the blend will have a pressure close to A. If more B is in the mix, then the blend will have a pressure close to B. If you mix equal amounts, the resulting pressure will fall in between. Blend compositions can be adjusted so the blend properties fall exactly where you want.

The problem, however, is that you usually can’t get all the properties to match the original refrigerant under all conditions. You must trade off which properties you want to match and which ones that will be different.

Azeotropic Behavior Zeotropic Behavior

A (A+B) B A (A+B) B

BPA

BPB

BPA

BPB

OR

Max

Min

Liq.

Vap.

PRESSURE TEMPERATURE CURVES FOR REFRIGERANT BLENDS



6th Edition 2016


Once a blend is mixed at a given composition, the P-T relationships follow the same general rules for pure components; for example, the pressure goes up when the temperature goes up. For three blends containing different amounts of A and B, the pressure curve is similarly shaped, but the resulting pressure will be higher for the blend which contains more of the A (higher pressure) component.

Refrigerant blends that are intended to match some other product (R-22, for example) will rarely match the pressure at all points in the desired temperature range. More commonly, the pressure of the blend will match in one temperature range, but will be different elsewhere.

In the figure below, the blend with concentration C1 matches the pure refrigerant at cold evaporator temperatures, but the pressure runs higher at condenser conditions. The blend with composition C2 matches closer to room temperature and, for example, might show the same pressure in a cylinder being stored. The operating pressures at evaporator and condenser temperatures, however, will be somewhat different. Finally, the blend at C3 will generate the same pressures at hot condenser condi-tions, but the evaporator must run at lower pressures to get the same temperature. The choice of where the blend matches the pressure relationship can solve (or cause) certain retrofit-related problems.

The other thing that can be seen from this graph is that if a blend loses some of the higher-pressure component through fractionation, the remaining blend will have lower operating pressures in order to achieve the same temperatures.(*see chart below)

C1 A B

C2 A B

C3 A B

HCFC

*

(evap.) (cyl.) (cond.) TEMPERATURE

PRES

SURE

NEW VARIABLE: COMPOSITION



6th Edition 2016

There are two basic behaviors of refrigerant molecules that will help explain why fractionation occurs.

1. Pure refrigerants, A or B, exert pressure on the cylinder (or a system) because the molecules are moving around. At higher temperatures, they move around faster, which creates more pressure. At lower temperatures there is less movement, so the pressure is lower.

Different refrigerants have different energies at the same temperature, and therefore, generate higher or lower pressures.

2. Molecules of refrigerant are constantly moving from liquid to vapor and vapor to liquid at the surface of the liquid. Vapor and liquid at equilibrium transfer the same number of molecules back and forth; boiling liquid transfers more from liquid to vapor; and condensing vapor transfers more from vapor to liquid.

Different refrigerants transfer molecules back and forth to the vapor at different rates.

When you mix A and B together, and they don’t form an azeotrope, the individual refrigerant molecules behave as if the other type is not there. The A’s bounce harder than the B’s, contributing more pressure to the blend, but more importantly — the A’s transfer back and forth to the vapor faster than the B’s. This means there are more A’s in the vapor than there are B’s.

In Zeotropic Mixtures“A” refrigerant molecules

move independently from“B” refrigerant molecules

PA Is Higher(more movement)

A A+B

PB Is Lower(less movement)

Combined PA more active than B

B

INTRODUCTION TO FRACTIONATION:Behavior of Individual Refrigerant Molecules




6th Edition 2016

When vapor is removed from a cylinder or system containing a zeotropic blend, two things are going to happen: 1) the vapor being removed is at the wrong composition, so it will have more of the higher pressure/higher capacity refrigerant component; and 2) the liquid that is left behind boils more of the higher pressure component out of the liquid to replace the vapor. Eventually, the liquid composition changes because more of the A component leaves the container or system compared to the bulk liquid composition.

Fractionation is the change in composition of a blend because one (or more) of the components is lost or removed faster than the other(s).

A large difference between the pressures of the starting components will cause a greater difference in the vapor composition compared to the liquid composition. This will worsen the effect of fractionation on that blend. The High Fractionation Potential blend shown above will produce a vapor composition of 80% A and 20% B above the liquid composition of 50/50.

Molecules will transfer back and forth to the vapor at a similar rate when the pressures of the individual components are close to each other. The Low Fractionation Potential blend shown above will have a very similar vapor composition compared to the liquid. In this case, it will take a long time to noticeably change the liquid composition away from 50/50.

Temperature Glide will be higher for High Fractionation blends, and lower for Low Fractionation blends.

50% A50% B

55% A, 45% B

50% A50% B

80% A, 20% B

80/2055/45

Low Fractionation Potential (Low Glide)

High Fractionation Potential (High Glide)

PA > PB~PA >>>> PB

FRACTIONATION OF BLENDS




6th Edition 2016

To avoid charging the wrong composition and fractionating the remaining blend, zeotropic blends must be removed from the cylinder as a liquid. This can be done by turning the cylinder over so the valve is on the bottom. For larger cylinders with two valves, use the ‘liquid’ valve. Liquid refrigerant will come up through a dip tube to the valve.

* All refrigerant suppliers have removed dip tubes in their 24 lb. to 30 lb. packages. Check the box or cylinder label for instructions on which side should be up for liquid removal.

“Liquid charging” does not mean that liquid refrigerant should be pushed into the suction line of the system, allowing it to slug the compressor. After the initial charge into the high side of a system, the technician should start the compressor and complete the charging process by flashing the refrigerant from liquid to vapor in the charging hose or across specially designed valves. Any method that allows the refrigerant to go to vapor before it hits the compressor should work. Generally, the refrigerant needs to be added slowly at this point.

Please note: When liquid and vapor are together in a cylinder or in a system, it is always the vapor that

will be at the wrong composition.

EFFECTS OF FRACTIONATION IN A CYLINDER

• Charge wrong composition — poor system behavior• Leave behind wrong composition — rest of cylinder unusable

50% A50% B

50% A50% B

80% A, 20% B80% A, 20% BInvert Cylinder

50/50

50/50




6th Edition 2016

A system at rest will allow the refrigerant to pool and the vapor to come to an equilibrium concentra-tion above the liquid. Leaks that occur in vapor areas of the equipment will fractionate the blend. The worst case will occur when about half of the refrigerant charge has leaked. Small amounts leaked from a system will not change the remaining blend by much. Large leaks will shift the composition, but the majority of the pounds after recharge will be from fresh product at the correct composition.

Recharging the system after repair will result in a blend with slightly reduced capacity and operating pressures. In smaller systems, where charge size is critical, it is best to recover any remaining refrigerant and charge with fresh blend. In larger systems, you will need to make a decision whether the remaining charge should be recovered or not. Note: for Low Fractionation Potential blends you will not see much shift in composition anyway, and therefore the charge can be topped off after repair without loss of properties.

In running systems it has been found that the circulating composition is the original blend composition. In liquid and suction lines there is no second phase, and in the heat exchangers there is much turbu-lence so leaks will lose both vapor and liquid. Testing has shown that leaks from a running system do not cause fractionation, and a normally cycling system will not fractionate much during the off cycle.

In other words, in most refrigeration applications, servicing systems with blends does not require full re-covery of the charge. After repair, most systems can be topped off with the blend. In most air condition-ing systems, however, a leak during the off season will likely require a full change of refrigerant charge.

FRACTIONATION EFFECTS ON SYSTEM CHARGE

V(frac)

L + V(turbulence)

V(frac)

V(circ)

V

L

VL

L

V(circ)

V(circ)

L + V(turbulence)

At Rest Running




6th Edition 2016

Flooded Evaporators are designed to keep a pool of boiling liquid refrigerant surrounding a bundle of tubes. The water, brine, or product to be cooled flows through the tubes. The vapor that boils off this pool is returned to the compressor, condensed, and then poured back into the pool.

In the case of zeotropic blends, the vapor that boils off this pool of refrigerant will be at the fractionated composition. If the properties at this composition differ significantly from what the compressor expects, then the system could develop high head pressures, high amperage draw at the compressor, reduced cooling effectiveness (capacity) in the evaporator, etc. Normally the use of blends in this type of system is not recommended.

Suction Accumulators are placed in the suction line before the compressor to keep liquid from flowing into the compressor. The liquid slug is trapped in the accumulator where it can boil off to vapor, combining with other suction gas. Zeotropic blends will fractionate in the accumulator, giving a short-lived spike of higher-pressure vapor back to the compressor.

Systems with suction accumulators should not be overcharged with the expectation that the accumu-lator will protect the compressor. (This may lead to frequent pressure spikes.) Also, this type of system should never be charged by dumping liquid refrigerant into the suction line and allowing it to vaporize in the accumulator. (High pressure trips may occur.)

FRACTIONATION EFFECTS ON SOME SYSTEM COMPONENTS

Flooded Evaporator Suction Accumulator

Liq. Vap. Vap.

Continuous Periodic

V: 80 / 20

L: 50 / 50

L: 50 / 50

V: 50 / 50

V: 80 / 20

Vap.(Liq. Slug)




6th Edition 2016

Let’s assume that a blend of 50% A refrigerant and 50% B refrigerant flows across a valve into an evaporator coil. If we follow a small “piece” of the blend as it flows along the tube we can see the effect of fractionation:

1. At the beginning of the tube the blend is mostly liquid with a few bubbles in it. The liquid composition is 50/50 and the boiling point is (for purposes of discussion ) 40˚F.

2. As the “piece” of refrigerant marches along the tube, more liquid is boiled to vapor. Since A trans-fers to vapor faster than B, a larger proportion of A (than B) is transferred to vapor. This makes the composition of the liquid change along the length of the tube. In this example, the “piece of blend” which started at 50/50, now has a liquid composition at 37% A and 63% B. (The vapor has the extra A – at 65%.) The important point is that the boiling temperature of the current liquid composition is now about 45˚F.

3. When our “piece” of the blend gets to the end of the evaporator it is now almost all vapor. This vapor contains almost all of the refrigerant that we started with at the beginning of the tube, so the composition is almost back to 50/50. The last few remaining drops are now concentrated in the B component (about 75% in this example). The boiling point of this liquid composition is now about 50˚F.

Overall Temperature Glide: The difference in temperature between the Saturated Vapor blend at the end of the evaporator and the liquid entering the evaporator is 50˚F-40˚F = 10˚F.

TEMPERATURE GLIDE IN EVAPORATOR

Relationship between blend fractionation and temperature glide through evaporator tube:

Liquid with few bubblesL= 50 / 50V= 80 /20Temp= 40˚F

Vapor and last few drops liquidL= 25 / 75V= 50 /50Temp= 50˚F

Equal vapor and liquidL= 37 / 63V= 65 /35Temp= 45˚F

1

2

3

Liq.




6th Edition 2016

For pure refrigerants, the evaporator coil is at a constant temperature throughout. For blends, however, the temperature glide causes the tubing to be at different temperatures.

If you stand back and blow a fan across the evaporator coil, the air that blows out the other side looks like it saw an average temperature. Part of the evaporator is colder, and part is warmer, but the air mixes and generally gives the equivalent house or box temperature as if it passes over a constant temperature coil at this average. There are, however, some potential problems that can occur:

• The colder part of the coil may form frost faster than an equivalent coil at constant temperature.

• The warmer part of the coil may cause “hot spots” in the case or cold box, affecting product quality.

• Temperature control sensors located in hot or cold spots may affect cycle times.

• Ice machines will produce thicker ice on the bottom of the plate and thinner ice at the top.

• TXV sensor bulbs located at the outlet of the evaporator will now see warmer gas.

Generally the temperature glide does not affect the system’s ability to remove heat from the air or from product, but the glide will probably affect some of the system’s controls. Superheat settings and pressure controls will be discussed further.

Frost formation and hot or cold spots must be addressed “outside” the refrigeration loop (defrost strategies, product placement, etc.). Making the whole coil warmer or colder will change the overall air or box temperature, not solve the glide-related problem.

Colder Region

Avg. Temp

Warmer Region

Superheat setting?

EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE GLIDE

Frost formation?




6th Edition 2016

ICE MACHINE TEST RESULTS

Various R-12 retrofit blends were tested in an R-12 ice machine. The picture above represents a side- view of the plate as the water freezes.

For R-12, the water froze in a nearly constant thickness all the way down the plate. The evaporator, mounted on the back side of the plate, held a constant 10˚F along the entire length. The ice thickness sensor was located at about row 3.

For each of the blends tested, R-401A, R-409A and R-414B, the glide of the blend caused the lower portion of the plate to be from 8˚F to 13˚F colder than the upper portion of the plate. The top rows did not fill in as quickly as the bottom, and the overall ice bank that formed was weighted more towards the lower portion of the plate.

The ice machine was still operating at the same suction pressure and was generating the same 30 ounces of ice every 20 minutes. The biggest difference was the setting of the thickness sensor. For the first run, the machine did not shut off because the ice surface near the 3rd row was not forming as fast as the lower portion of the plate. When the sensor was adjusted inward to take this into account, the machine ran fine.

R-12 HIGH GLIDE BLENDS

10°F

10°F

10°F

Ref

rig

eran

t Flo

w

Wat

er F

low

Thickness Sensor

Needs to bemoved in

401A: 13˚F409A: 15˚F414B: 15˚F

401A: 9˚F409A: 8.5˚F414B: 8.5˚F

401A: 5˚F409A: 2˚F414B: 2˚F

Suc. P = 15 psigIce Wt. = 30 ozCycleTime =20 min

Side View of an Ice Machine Grid / Ice Profile near Harvest — R-12 and High Glide Blends




6th Edition 2016

BUBBLE POINT / DEW POINT

glide

Single Component Blends

TEM

PER

ATU

RE

TEM

PER

ATU

RE

Superheated Superheated

Boiling Boiling

Subcooled Subcooled

EvaporatingCondensing

(Constant Pressure)

Bubble Point(Liquid with a “bubble”

in it)

Dew Point(Vapor with a “dew drop”

in it)

The process of phase change (boiling or condensing) is the same for blends as it is for pure refrigerants:

Boiling: liquid reaches a temperature where bubbles form and then the liquid boils to vapor. When the last drops of liquid disappear, any additional heat input causes the vapor to superheat.

Condensing: vapor cools to a temperature where liquid drops start to form, then the vapor con-denses to liquid. When the last of the vapor disappears, any additional removal of heat causes the liquid to subcool.

When these phase changes occur in a pure refrigerant, at constant pressure, the temperature stays constant at what we normally call the “boiling point”. For blends the process is the same but, the shift in composition during phase change causes the temperature glide to occur. The vapor will still superheat and the liquid will still subcool; however, the Saturated Vapor temperature and the Saturated Liquid temperature are now the temperatures at the ends of the temperature glide for a given pressure.

Saturated Liquid = Bubble Point (Liquid with bubbles starting to form)

Saturated Vapor = Dew Point (Vapor with dew drops starting to form)




6th Edition 2016

Pressure-Temperature (PT) charts traditionally have listed the temperature in the left column and pressures for various refrigerants in the remaining columns. For blends, we now need two columns per refrigerant: one for Vapor Pressures and one for Liquid Pressures.

Note: You should not read a PT chart across — heat exchangers run at constant pressure, not constant temperature.

Superheat Setting: the process for obtaining superheat is the same as it has always been — measure the temperature on the suction line, for example, at the TXV bulb. To find the saturated vapor temperature you measure the suction pressure, and then refer to the PT chart for the corresponding temperature. For blends you must use the Vapor (Dew Point) column. Subtract the saturated temperature from the measured temperature to get the amount of superheat.

Subcooling: the process for obtaining subcooling is also the same as it has been — measure the temperature of the line at the point of interest. To find the saturated temperature of the liquid you measure the pressure on the condenser, and then refer to the PT chart for the corresponding temperature. For blends you must use the Liquid (Bubble Point) column. Subtract the measured value from the saturated value to get degrees of subcooling.

Keep in mind the state of the refrigerant (liquid or vapor) where the measurement is being taken to determine which column you need to use. Also keep in mind that the only practical place that you find saturated vapor, at the correct composition, is at the end of the evaporator when measuring superheat. Do not use the vapor column when liquid is present, since the vapor is at the wrong composition.

• Traditional PT Charts – Temperature in left column, pressure in the remaining columns – Saturated pressure listed — same for boiling or condensing / saturated liquid or vapor

• New Blends Need Two Columns – Zeotropic blends have different temperatures for saturated liquid and saturated vapor at constant pressure – Bubble Point (or Liquid) gives pressure for saturated liquid; used as the reference point for subcooling calculations – Dew Point (or Vapor) gives pressure for saturated vapor; used as the reference point for superheat calculations

TWO-COLUMN PT CHARTS




6th Edition 2016

Assume a refrigeration system has been retrofitted from a single component refrigerant to a blend with a temperature glide of about 10˚F. The blend will run with an average evaporator temperature that matches the constant evaporator temperature of the refrigerant that was replaced. About half of the glide is making the front of the evaporator colder, and the other half of the glide is making the back of the evaporator warmer. The outlet is about 5˚F warmer than it used to be.

The TXV bulb has not been adjusted, and it was initially set for 7˚F superheat above the saturated temperature of the original refrigerant. With the blend, the same average evaporator temperature is achieved — but now this only provides 2˚F of superheat above the blend’s vapor temperature.

If the safety margin provided by the superheat setting is reduced too far, it is possible that the refrigerant may flood back to the compressor. In many cases, reducing the superheat by 4˚F or 5˚F may not be a problem, but, it is always a good idea to check the superheat to make sure.

Some R-12 retrofit blends have as high as 14˚F glide — enough to completely overcome an original superheat setting of 7˚F. Many of the current R-22 retrofit blends have temperature glides from 5˚F to 10˚F.

See pages 96-98 for a more detailed discussion of TXV operation after retrofitting.

Refrigeration Example:AVERAGE EVAPORATOR TEMPERATURE AND SUPERHEAT

Superheat = 7˚F

Boiling Point

Superheat = 2˚F

Avg. Evap. Temp

EvaporatorLength

SuctionLine

EvaporatorLength

SuctionLine

Single Component Blend after Retrofit

TEM

PER

ATU

RE

Bulb Setting




6th Edition 2016

For air conditioning, the effects of temperature glide will be somewhat less severe. Using the same blend with a 10˚F glide, this example looks at the effects of temperature glide using typical superheat settings for an air conditioner (10˚F to 15˚F).

The blend will run with an average evaporator temperature that matches the constant evaporator temperature of the refrigerant that was replaced. About half of the glide is making the front of the evaporator colder, and the other half of the glide is making the back of the evaporator warmer. The outlet will be 5˚F warmer than it used to be.

The TXV bulb has not been adjusted, and it was initially set for 15˚F superheat above the saturated temperature of the original refrigerant. With the blend, the same average evaporator temperature is achieved — but now the superheat drops to 10˚F.

For most running conditions this should not be an immediate problem; however, air conditioners are critically charged to cover the worst case scenario of a hot day and cool house. In this case, the refriger-ant is in danger of flooding back from the evaporator so correct superheat settings will be important. If the valve is adjustable, then superheat should be increased to compensate for the glide. If not, the system should be charged with slightly less refrigerant than the indicated amount.

Air Conditioning Example:AVERAGE EVAPORATOR TEMPERATURE AND SUPERHEAT

Bulb Setting

Superheat = 15˚F

Boiling Point

Superheat = 10˚F

Avg. Evap. Temp

EvaporatorLength

SuctionLine

EvaporatorLength

SuctionLine

Single Component Blend after Retrofit

TEM

PERA

TURE




6th Edition 2016

With R-12, a Cut In/Cut Out Pressure Control works as follows:

• The R-12 coil gets down to about 10˚F and the pressure is about 15 psig. This means the box temperature is somewhere in the 20’s ˚F. The pressure switch knows the box is cold enough and it turns off the compressor.

• Liquid R-12 pools in the evaporator coil and warms up to box temperature. As the box warms to about 38˚F, the R-12 in the coil generates 35 psig and the pressure switch turns the system on again.

With the R-12 Retrofit Blends, the control works similarly:

• The average blend coil temperature gets down to about 10˚F at about 15 to 16 psig (depending on the blend). The box temperature is about the same as it was with R-12, and the pressure switch shuts off the system.

• The blend in the liquid state settles in the coil and warms to box temperature. The blends have higher liquid pressures than R-12 - if no adjustment is made, the pressure switch will kick the system back on at 35 psig. For R-401A, this happens at 29˚F; for R-409A it is 27˚F; and for R-414B it is 28˚F. Most of the blends will turn the system on too cold, and short cycling will cause the system to freeze up.

You will need to check the liquid pressure at 38˚F and reset the cut in pressure accordingly. (Note: the vapor is at the wrong composition; do not use the vapor column.)

R-12: Running System Blend: Running System

R-12: System if Off Blend: System is Off

Cut Out pressure = 15 psigCorresponds to 10˚F boiling temp

Cut Out pressure = 15 psigCorresponds to 10˚F avg. evap. temp.

Cut Out pressure = 35 psigCorresponds to 38˚F “Liquid Pool” temp

Cut Out pressure = 45 psigCorresponds to 38˚F “Liquid Pool” temp

CUT IN / CUT OUT PRESSURE CONTROL USING BLENDS




6th Edition 2016

R-134a: At first look, R-134a pressures match R-12 pretty well, but other properties show that R-134a needs larger equipment to perform the same job (higher compressor displacement and more surface area in the condenser). In effect, R-134a in an R-12 system has lower capacity and higher discharge pressures than expected. In addition, it requires POE flushing to remove mineral oil during a retrofit.

R-401A and R-401B: These are R-22-based blends that tend to have higher temperature glide. The presence of R-152a, an HFC, hurts miscibility with mineral oil. It is recommended to change some of the mineral oil to alkylbenzene unless it is a hermetic system running at warmer temperatures. R-401A matches R-12 capacity at around 20˚F evaporator; warmer conditions will begin to show effects from being over-capacity (higher amperage draw, shorter cycle times). R-401B offers a boost in capacity at lower temperatures (-30˚F). R-401B also matches R-500 performance in air conditioning equipment and dehumidifiers.

R-409A: This R-22-based blend has higher temperature glide. It has moderate miscibility with mineral oil, and generally offers good oil return in systems down to 0˚F evaporator. R-12 capacity match is about 10˚F and it still works well at lower evaporator temperatures. Higher discharge temperatures and pressures can develop, especially in warmer applications.

R-414B: This R-22-based blend has been formulated to keep the head pressure down. It is approved for automotive applications, although nylon barrier hoses and special fittings are required. In refrigeration equipment there may be a drop in capacity at colder temperatures (below 0˚F).

R-417C : This HFC-based blend can be used in any original R-12 system as a retrofit blend for HCFC-based blends. Oil return is helped by the addition of a hydrocarbon additive. This will not cause the refrigerant to mix with the oil, however, and addition of polyolester lubricant may be required to ensure complete circulation of mineral oil.

R-12 REPLACEMENT REFRIGERANTS PROPERTY COMPARISON

PRESSURE OF REFRIGERANT (PSIG) ATREFRIGERANT COMPONENTS COMPOSITION GLIDE LUBE -20˚F 10˚F 40˚F 90˚F

R-12 (pure) 100 0 M 0.6 15 37 100

R-134a (pure) 100 0 P 4” vac 12 35 104

REFRIGERATION BLENDS

R-401A 22 / 152a / 124 53 / 13 / 34 8 M A P 1 16 41 115

R-401B 22 / 152a / 124 61 / 11 / 28 8 A P 2 19 46 124

R-409A 22 / 124 / 142b 60 / 25 / 15 13 M A P 0 15 39 116

AUTOMOTIVE BLENDS

R-414B 22 / 600a / 124 / 142b 50 / 1.5 / 39 / 9.5 13 M A P 0 14 37 105

R-417C 125 / 134a / 600 19.5 / 78.8 / 1.7 6 M A P 1 17 44 132

M: Mineral Oil A: Alkylbenzene P: Polyolester




6th Edition 2016

R-407A and R-407C: Both products have the closest capacity and run-time property match to R-22. All products will have lower discharge temperatures than R-22. R-407A is a closer match at lower application temperatures, such as in commercial refrigeration applications. R-407C will work better in medium temperature and air conditioning applications. Replacement of mineral oil with polyolester (POE) is recommended.

R-422B and R-422D: These blends will have lower capacity than R-22 in the same system, and in many cases there will be an increase in pressure drop that may require changing TXVs or distributors. They contain hydrocarbons that will help circulate mineral oil in smaller systems. Larger systems, especially ones with receivers, will need addition of POE to help keep the mineral oil from being stranded.

R-404A and R-507: Retrofitting with R-404A and R-507 has been prohibited in Retail Food Refrigeration applications by an EPA SNAP ruling. Use in new equipment for these products has also been restricted by the ruling. For more details, visit http://www.epa.gov/ozone/snap/index.html

R-422C: This blend can be used to retrofit low temperature R-22 systems. The performance characteristics (pressure/temperature) will look much like R-404A, but with a drop in capacity of up to 10%. The hydrocarbon additive will help circulate mineral oil around the system. In larger systems, however, some oil holdup may occur in the receiver. Addition of POE will solve this problem.

R-22 REPLACEMENTS FOR REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING

PRESSURE OF REFRIGERANT (PSIG) ATREFRIGERANT COMPONENTS GLIDE LUBE -20˚F 10˚F 40˚F 110˚F 130˚F

R-22 22 0 MA 10 33 68 226 297

LOOK-ALIKE BLENDS

R-407A 32 / 125 / 134a 10 P 12 37 78 259 343

R-407C 32 / 125 / 134a 10 P 10 34 71 245 324

R-422B 125 / 134a / 600a 5 M A P 8 30 65 221 292

R-422D 125 / 134a / 600a 5 M A P 10 34 71 238 313

R-422C 125 / 134a / 600a 4.5 M A P 16 43 86 273 356

NEW ONLY

R-410A 32 / 125 0.2 P 27 62 118 365 476





6th Edition 2016

R-402A and R-402B: R-402A shows higher discharge pressures than R-502; however, the discharge temperature is lower. R-402B is a closer match in pressure, but the discharge temperature runs higher (this is good for ice machines, which is where R-402B is primarily used). Although a hydrocarbon is added to improve oil circulation, it is still recommended to replace some mineral oil with alkylbenzene oil.

R-408A: R-408A has the closest PT match to R-502 across the whole application range. It also has very low temperature glide. R-408A does generate higher discharge temperatures than R-502, and this could be a problem in extreme application conditions, such as transport refrigeration in hot climates. R-408A can be used in most refrigeration systems.

R-404A and R-507: These two blends are virtually the same in terms of operation and equipment. Retrofitting with R-404A and R-507 has been prohibited in Retail Food Refrigeration applications by an EPA SNAP ruling. Use in new equipment for these products has also been restricted by the ruling. For more details, visit http://www.epa.gov/ozone/snap/index.html

R-422C: This blend is a direct HFC retrofit blend for R-502 and can be used to replace HCFC-based blends previously used to retrofit R-502 systems. The performance characteristics (pressure/temperature) will look much like R-404A, but with a drop in capacity of up to 10%. The hydrocarbon additive will help circulate mineral oil around the system. In larger systems, however, some oil holdup may occur in the receiver. Addition of POE oil will solve this problem.

R-22 REPLACEMENTS FOR REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING

PRESSURE OF REFRIGERANT (PSIG) ATREFRIGERANT COMPONENTS GLIDE LUBE -20˚F 10˚F 40˚F 110˚F 130˚F

R-22 22 0 MA 10 33 68 226 297

LOOK-ALIKE BLENDS

R-407A 32 / 125 / 134a 10 P 12 37 78 259 343

R-407C 32 / 125 / 134a 10 P 10 34 71 245 324

R-422B 125 / 134a / 600a 5 M A P 8 30 65 221 292

R-422D 125 / 134a / 600a 5 M A P 10 34 71 238 313

R-422C 125 / 134a / 600a 4.5 M A P 16 43 86 273 356

NEW ONLY

R-410A 32 / 125 0.2 P 27 62 118 365 476


R-502 REPLACEMENT REFRIGERANTS PROPERTY COMPARISON

PRESSURE MATCHREFRIGERANT COMPONENTS COMPOSITION GLIDE LUBE -20 10 40 90˚F

R-502 22 / 115 49 / 51 0 M A 15 41 81 187

HCFC BLENDS

R-402A 125 /290 / 22 60 / 2 / 38 2.5 M + A P 19 48 93 215

R-402B 125 /290 / 22 38 / 2 / 60 2.5 M + A P 15 42 83 198

R-408A 125 /143A / 22 7 / 46 / 47 1 M + A P 14 38 77 186

HFC BLENDS

R-404A 125 /143A / 134a 44 / 52 / 4 1.5 P 16 48 84 202

R-507 125 /143A 125 / 143a 0 P 18 46 89 210

R-422C 125 /134a / 600a 125 / 134a / 600a 5 M A P 18 44 87 205





6th Edition 2016

System Identification

LOCATION

ADDRESS

REFRIGERANT CHARGE / TYPE

LUBRICANT CHARGE / TYPE

COMPRESSOR MODEL (S)

CONDENSER MODEL (S)

For larger systems: Fill in overall system data then use subsequent charts for case/evaporator run data.

For small systems: Use subsequent tables - one row for each system retrofit.

For distributed or stand-alone systems: Reference individual condensing unit(s) in the following tables.

NOTES:

Additional copies of page 90 and 91 are available in NRI’s R-22 Retrofit Guideline and Procedures Handbook.

Checklist and Data Sheet



6th Edition 2016

System Data Collection

SYSTEM / CASE NUMBERS

CONDENSING UNIT MODEL

EVAPORATOR MODELBefore

RetrofitAfter

RetrofitBefore

RetrofitAfter

RetrofitBefore

RetrofitAfter

RetrofitBefore

RetrofitAfter

Retrofit

EXPANSION DEVICE

AMBIENT TEMPERATURE / RH

SUCTION TEMPERATURE

SUCTION PRESSURE

CONDENSER PRESSURE

CASE/BOX TEMPERATURE

SUPERHEAT SETTING

SUBCOOLING SETTING

SIGHT GLASS APPEARANCE

Additional copies of page 90 and 91 are available in NRI’s R-22 Retrofit Guideline and Procedures Handbook.

SYSTEM / CASE NUMBERS

CONDENSING UNIT MODEL

EVAPORATOR MODELBefore

RetrofitAfter

RetrofitBefore

RetrofitAfter

RetrofitBefore

RetrofitAfter

RetrofitBefore

RetrofitAfter

Retrofit

EXPANSION DEVICE

AMBIENT TEMPERATURE / RH

SUCTION TEMPERATURE

SUCTION PRESSURE

CONDENSER PRESSURE

CASE/BOX TEMPERATURE

SUPERHEAT SETTING

SUBCOOLING SETTING

SIGHT GLASS APPEARANCE

Checklist and Data Sheet

R-22 Alternative Retrofit Guidelines



6th Edition 2016

General Considerations:

• Seals and O-Rings. R-22 and mineral oil interact with many elastomers causing some swelling, which actually helps complete the intended seal. There is also a measurable increase in hardness over time. One consequence of this process, however, is that during a retrofit away from R-22, the new refrig-erant/oil combination may cause the seal to shrink and allow leakage. Any process that disturbs the seating of the gasket, such as depressing Schrader valves or operating ball valves, may also cause leaks to occur. Therefore, for any retrofit job it is recommended to change Schrader valve cores, o-rings on caps, elastomeric seals, and any seals found to be leaking before the retrofit takes place.

• TXVs. Some refrigerants will have very similar run-time capacity and pressure drop across a TXV while others may be different enough from R-22 that the valve will appear undersized. The proper sizing of valves should be checked with manufacturer’s data for the given application and anticipated run conditions. In some cases, TXVs should be replaced with the proper size valve for the refrigerant chosen. Superheat settings should be checked and/or adjusted since the original settings might be affected by the temperature glide of the new blend (see Sizing TXVs, pages 96-98).

• Capillary Tubes. Smaller systems with capillary tubes may not perform the same when retrofitted. Unless the length of the tube is adjusted to match the performance of the blend, the only other way to change the operation of a cap tube system is to adjust the refrigerant charge size.

• Filter driers and/or cores should be replaced during the retrofit process. The filter drier should be replaced with the same type currently in use in the system.

• Temperature Glide/Fractionation. Most of the retrofit blends have some degree of temperature glide. System operation can be affected (superheat settings, other controls) and fractionation must be considered for systems that may leak while not running for long periods. (see pages 71-86)

• Pressure Controls. Some refrigerant blends will run at different pressures than R-22 to achieve the same temperatures. Any pressure-related control should be adjusted to compensate for the different pressure.

• Lubricant Issues. In general, HFC blends will require the use of polyolester (POE) lubricant. Traditional retrofit guidelines call for the mineral oil to be below 5%. This is typically achieved by draining oil from the compressors and the oil management system and replacement with POE up to 3 times. Follow compressor manufacturer guidelines for recommended levels and procedures.

Some retrofit blends contain hydrocarbon additives to help circulate mineral oil with the HFC refriger-ant. This strategy works well to thin the mineral oil and push it back along the suction line; however, the HFC/hydrocarbon blends still does not mix mineral oil on the high side of the system. If there is a receiv-er, mineral oil might pool on top of the refrigerant and hold up there. If oil return becomes a concern in flooded evaporators or the suction line accumulator acts as a low pressure receiver, manufacturer’s recommendation is to add POE to help circulate MO in the system.




6th Edition 2016


FROM TO SPECIFIC ISSUES OR CONSIDERATIONS

R-11 R-123 Follow chiller manufacturer’s recommendations

R-12 R-134a POE oil change; material compatibility; loss of performance at high ambient temperature

R-401A/B Possible change to AB oil at < 30ºF; Temperature Glide; Use R-401B for lower temps

R-409A Good low temperature performance match; Temperature Glide

R-414B Good medium temperature performance match; Temperature Glide

R-417C HFC with HC additive — possible oil circulation issue requiring POE addition

R-13 R-23 Higher discharge temperature; POE change or same HC additive if required

R-508B Higher pressures; POE change or same HC additive if required

R-22 R-407A/C Best performance match; POE required; Temperature Glide; -A better at low temperature

R-422B/D Better match in AC equipment, medium temp; possible pressure drop

R-422C Higher pressures, TXV change; All 422 — HC additive, may require POE addition

R-401A/B R-417C HFC retrofit; HC additive, may require POE addition if oil does not circulate

R-402A/B R-422C HFC retrofit; HC additive, may require POE addition if oil does not circulate

R-404A R-422C Lower GWP; HC additive, may require POE addition if oil does not circulate

R-408A R-422C HFC retrofit; HC additive, may require POE addition if oil does not circulate

R-409A R-417C HFC retrofit; HC additive, may require POE addition if oil does not circulate

R-414B R-417C HFC retrofit; HC additive, may require POE addition if oil does not circulate

R-500 R-134a For larger chiller – loss of capacity/longer run times; POE change

R-401A/B Use R-401B for best match; Temperature Glide

R-409A Good match at higher application temps; Temperature Glide

R-414B Loss of capacity; Temperature Glide

R-417C HFC retrofit option; Loss of capacity; HC additive – may require POE addition

R-503 R-508B Good match; POE change or same HC additive if required

R-507 R-422C Lower GWP; HC additive, may require POE addition if oil does not circulate

PRODUCT-SPECIFIC ISSUES OR CONSIDERATIONS



6th Edition 2016

General Retrofit Procedures

General Retrofit Procedure for Large Refrigeration or AC Systems, or for a Planned Retrofit Project

1. Collect baseline data for operation of the system with existing refrigerant charge. Make note of any evaporators, display cases, or other system components that do not appear to be running properly and note any required repairs.

2. Leak check the system while still charged with the original refrigerant to identify any repairs needed during the retrofit process.

3. Disconnect electrical power to system and properly recover the refrigerant charge. Record the amount of refrigerant recovered.

4. Perform any required maintenance or repair operations previously identified, including:

— replacement of seals and gaskets

— replacement of Schrader cores and caps

— leak repairs

— filter drier replacement

— compressor oil change or addition of POE to existing oil charge

— replace TXV, TXV element, and/or refrigerant distributor nozzle as required

5. If desired, pressurize and leak check the system by preferred method. Evacuate the system down to desired micron level and confirm that it holds.

6. Charge the system with the right amount of the retrofit blend (from 85% to 100%, see charts on pages 9-10). Make sure the refrigerant is removed from the cylinder as a liquid.

7. Restart the system and allow it to come to normal operation conditions. Compare the new operation data to the original run time data. Adjust charge or equipment settings as needed.

8. Check superheat on the TXVs and adjust as necessary.

Note: the temperature glide of a blend will likely affect TXVs by showing a lower than expected superheat value. (see Blends Tutorial, pages 82-85)

9. Label the system with identification stickers showing the new refrigerant and oil charge.



6th Edition 2016

General Retrofit Procedures

General Retrofit Procedure for Small, Self-Contained Systems

1. If the system is still running, collect baseline data for operation of the system with the existing refrig-erant. Make note of any obvious performance problems with the system.

2. If possible, leak check the system while still charged with the original refrigerant to identify any re-pairs needed during the retrofit process.

3. Disconnect electrical power to system and properly recover the original refrigerant charge.

4. Perform any repairs previously identified. In addition, all retrofit jobs should include the following:

— replace Shrader cores and caps

— add/replace filter drier

— change oil if required (follow equipment manufacturer’s guidelines), or add small amount of POE to improve oil circulation

5. If desired, pressurize and leak check the system by preferred method. Evacuate the system down to desired micron level and confirm that it holds.

6. Charge the system with the right amount of the retrofit blend (from 85% to 100% , see charts on pages 9-10). Make sure the refrigerant is removed from the cylinder as a liquid.

7. Restart the system and allow it to come to normal operation conditions. Adjust charge or settings as needed.

8. Check superheat on the TXVs and adjust as necessary.

Note: the temperature glide of a blend will likely affect TXVs by showing a lower than expected superheat value. (see Blends Tutorial, pages 82-85)

9. Label the system with identification stickers showing the new refrigerant and oil charge.

Sizing Thermostatic Expansion Devices (TXV)



6th Edition 2016

Some refrigerants will have very similar run-time capacity and pressure drop across a TXV while others may be different enough from R-22 that the valve will become undersized. TXV capacity is determined by: (1) three system conditions: evaporator refrigerant saturation temperature, liquid refrigerant temperature entering the TXV and the pressure drop across the TXV port, and (2) thermodynamic properties of the refrigerant.

It cannot be assumed that the TXV capacity will remain the same after converting a R-22 system to an alternative refrigerant because in some cases the TXV capacity will be reduced when used with the alternative refrigerant. Since each refrigerant has its own pressure/temperature characteristics, some R-22 alternative refrigerants might require the use of a TXV with a R-404A thermostatic element. Regardless of whether the TXV is replaced, for maximum evaporator efficiency, the superheat should be checked and set to the equipment manufacturer’s specification.

The nominal capacity of a Thermostatic Expansion Valve (TXV) is simply the capacity at the conditions it is rated. For high pressure refrigerants, such as R-22 or its alternatives, the AHRI industry standard rating point is: 40˚F evaporator temperature, 100˚F liquid temperature, and a 100 psi pressure drop across the TXV port. If any of these conditions change, the valve’s capacity will also change.

Table 1 shows the capacities of a nominal 2 ton R-22 TXV when used with R-22, R-407A, and R-407C. Capacities are shown at varying evaporator temperatures, but in each instance the standard rating conditions of 100˚F liquid temperature and a 100 psi pressure drop across the TXV port are used in conjunction with the various evaporator temperatures. Note the highlighted nominal capacities for the three refrigerants listed and how they differ. This is the result of differing thermodynamic properties between the three refrigerants.

TABLE 1 NOMINAL TXV CAPACITIES

VALVE TYPE

NOMINAL CAPACITY

REFRIGERANT

R-22 R-407A R-407C

Recommended Thermostatic Charges

VC, VCP100, VGA VZ, VZP VC, VCP100, VGA VZ, VZP40 NC, NCP100, NGA

40˚ 20˚ 0˚ -10˚ -20˚ -40˚ 40˚ 20˚ 0˚ -10˚ -20˚ -40˚ 40˚ 20˚ 0˚

G 2 2.00 2.18 1.91 1.96 1.75 1.31 1.87 2.00 1.71 1.74 1.54 1.12 1.84 1.97 1.70

If a specific application is utilizing a liquid temperature or pressure drop across the TXV port which is different than the AHRI rating condition, the correction factors in Table 2 and/or Table 3 would be applied to the capacity listed in Table 1 to determine the actual TXV capacity.




6th Edition 2016


For example: An R-22 application, operating at +20˚F is being retrofitted to R-407C. The evaporator capacity is 24,000 Btu/hr and the evaporator has a nominal 2 ton R-22 TXV installed. The application is designed to operate at 100˚F condensing, with a 90˚F liquid temperature.

The nominal capacity of the TXV for R-407C can be calculated as follows:

» Nominal capacity at +20˚F (from Table1): 1.97 tons.

» Corrected for liquid temperature at 90˚F (from Table 2): 1.97 x 1.07 = 2.10 tons.

To determine the correct pressure drop across the TXV port, the difference between the corresponding pressures at the condensing temperature and evaporator pressure must be used:

» 223 psi (100˚F condenser saturation) – 37 psi (20˚F evaporator saturation ) = 186 psi.

The pressure drop through the refrigerant distributor and feeder tubes, the evaporator, and the frictional line loss in the piping between the condenser (where the pressure value is determined based on the condenser saturation temperature) and the TXV inlet must also be considered when determining the actual pressure drop across the TXV port.

For this example, we will assume the above mentioned pressure drop to be 36 psi.

» The actual pressure drop across the TXV port will be: 186 psi – 36 psi = 150 psi.

» Actual TXV capacity at the design condition for this application: 2.10 tons (corrected for liquid temperature) x 1.10 (from Table 3) = 2.31 tons.

» This would represent the TXV capacity at the design condition in the summer time.

TABLE 2 LIQUID CORRECTION FACTORS

VALVE TYPE

LIQUID TEMPERATURE ENTERING TXV ˚F

0˚ 10˚ 20˚ 30˚ 40˚ -50˚ 60˚ 70˚ 80˚ 90˚ 100˚ 110˚

Correction Factor, CF Liquid TemperatureR-22 1.56 1.51 1.45 1.40 1.34 1.29 1.23 1.17 1.12 1.06 1.00 0.94

R-407A 1.75 1.68 1.61 1.53 1.46 1.39 1.31 1.24 1.16 1.08 1.00 0.92R-407C 1.69 1.62 1.55 1.49 1.42 1.35 1.28 1.21 1.14 1.07 1.00 0.93

TABLE 3 PRESSURE DROP CORRECTION FACTORS

EVAPORATOR TEMPERATURE (˚F)

PRESSURE DROP ACROSS TXV (PSI)

30 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275

Correction Factor, CF Pressure Drop

40˚ .55 .71 .87 1.00 1.12 1.22 1.32 1.41 1.50 1.58 1.66

20˚ & 0˚ .49 .63 .77 .89 1.00 1.10 1.18 1.26 1.34 1.41 1.48

-10˚ & -20˚ .45 .58 .71 .82 .91 1.00 1.08 1.15 1.22 1.29 1.35

-40˚ .41 .53 .65 .76 .85 .93 1.00 1.07 1.13 1.20 1.25



6th Edition 2016


To ensure that the TXV has sufficient capacity, a similar sizing exercise must be undertaken at the low ambient condensing temperature expected in the winter months. If the system utilizes fan cycling or head pressure control valves and fixes the minimum condensing temperature at 70˚F (137.5 psi), the TXV capacity will also need to be considered at this condition.

For most applications the correction factors listed in Table 4 can be used to determine if the existing R22- TXV will have sufficient capacity when used with the retrofit refrigerant of choice.

TABLE 4 CAPACITY MULTIPLIERS FOR R-22 ALTERNATIVE REFRIGERANTS

REFRIGERANTS

CAPACITY MULTIPLIER*Evaporator Temp (˚F)

Condensing Temp (˚F)

Liquid Temp (˚F) R-22 R-417A R-422B R-422D R-424A R-438A R-407A R-407C

40 105 95 1.00 0.75 0.74 0.72 0.72 0.88 1.04 1.07

20105 95 1.00 0.72 0.71 0.69 0.69 0.85 1.01 1.04

70 60 1.00 0.82 0.83 0.83 0.83 1.00 1.20 1.22

0105 95 1.00 0.69 0.68 0.66 0.66 0.81 0.98 1.00

70 60 1.00 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.92 1.11 1.13

-20105 95 1.00 0.67 0.66 0.64 0.64 0.79 1.96 0.97

70 60 1.00 0.74 0.74 0.74 1.04 0.88 1.06 1.07

* Apply Capacity Multiplier to the TXV’s R-22 rating to determine approximate TXV rating with the service retrofit replacement refrigerant. A total 40 psi pressure loss across the TXV from the refrigerant distributor and liquid line is assumed in the capacity multiplier calculation.

Thermodynamic data provided by NIST Refprop v8.0 Capacity and correction factors courtesy of Sporlan Division – Parker Hannifin

III


REFRIGERANT MANAGEMENT SERVICES 100 Analytical Testing Service 101 Request for Refrigerant Analysis 103 Request for Oil Analysis PG: 105-113: RECOVERY, RECLAMATION, BANKING 105 Recovery Cylinder Hydrostatic Test & Refurbish Program 106 Refrigerant Recovery Containers 107 Instructions for Participating in NRI’s Refrigerant

Reclamation Program 109 EZ One-Shot™ Recovery Cylinder 111 Refrigerant Banking Program 112 Guidelines for Maximum Shipping Weights for

Recovered Refrigerant Containers




6th Edition 2016

Analytical Testing Service

National Refrigerants, Inc. Analytical Testing Service offers easy-to-use sample kits for:vRefrigerant vHalon

vRefrigerant Oil vSpecialty Testing/ GC-MS

Refrigerant: Testing to AHRI Standard 700 Specifications.Refrigeration Oil: Testing oil quality as indication of system condition.Halon Testing: Testing to Military/ASTM/ISO Specifications.

Sampling Kit Features

• Easy to use, single use, new sample cylinders• High-pressure sample cylinder rated to 400 psig suitable for most alternative

refrigerants and blends• Instructions included for proper sampling procedures• All analysis forms and necessary DOT labeling included• Prepaid return postage to NRI’s analytical laboratory for non-hazardous samples• All analysis reports are returned with written commentary and recommendations• Same day results available upon request for additional fee• Sample cylinders available for very high pressure (VHP) refrigerants like R-508B and R-23

Refrigerant Management Services

REFRIGERANTS

PART NO. DESCRIPTION

NRIHPN High pressure refrigerant analysis

NRILP Low pressure refrigerant analysis

Testing liquid phase to AHRI 700 Specifications for Fluorocarbon Refrigerants for one or more of the following:• IDENTIFICATION (Infrared Spectroscopy) • MOISTURE • ACIDITY • HIGH BOILING RESIDUE/OIL CONTENT • PARTICULATES/SOLIDS • PURITY (Gas Chromatography)/Impurity listing • CHLORIDE

LUBRICANTS


NRIOA Oil Analysis

Testing of lubricant for one or more of the following:• IDENTIFICATION (Infrared Spectroscopy) • MOISTURE / ACIDITY • APPEARANCE • VISCOSITY • METALS / ADDITIVES by ICP • RESIDUAL MINERAL OIL (as requested) • FLUORIDE, CHLORIDE and CONDUCTIVITY

(as requested, extra cost)

NON-CONDENSIBLE GAS


NRINCN* Non-Condensible Gas in Vapor

Testing vapor phase to AHRI 700 Specifications for Fluorocarbon Refrigerants; (Requires a vapor-only sample taken from the source vapor phase)

*Not applicable to R-11, R-113, R-123

HALONS

Testing to MILITARY / ASTM / ISO Specifications

LAB CAPABILITIES

TESTS PERFORMEDPurity/Impurities WaterHalogen IonNon-Absorbable GasHigh Boiling Residue Suspended MatterAcidityColorFree HalogenViscosityFT-IRFlash Point

METHODSPack/Cap Col. GC, FID, TCD, GD-MSKF Coulometric TitrationAg+ Qualitative / Visual / ISEPacked Col. GC, TCDEvaporation / Gravimetric / VolumetricVisual Observation / GravimetricAqueous Extration / Base TitrationAPHA Color ComparisonIodimetry /S2O3 – TitrationCannon-FenskeTransmission / ATRClosed Cup



Request for Refrigerant Analysis• Complete this form and attach to the filled test cylinder. • Follow cylinder filling instructions on reverse side.• One form must be completed for each sample submitted.

Company: At Time Of Sampling:

Address: • System Running? pYES pNO

• Temperature of Sample (˚F):

Job Location: System Serial #:

Phone: Fax: Type of oil in system:

Contact: Sample is: pLiquid pCond. Vapor pVapor

Email Address: Sample ID:

PO #: UR Store #: Submitted by: Date:

REFRIGERANT

pR-11 pR-404A

pR-12 pR-407A/B/C/D

pR-22 pR-408A

pR-113 pR-409A

pR-114 pR-410A/B

pR-123 pR-416A

pR-124 pR-417A

pR-125 pR-422A/B/C/D

pR-134a pR-500

pR-142b pR-502

pR-401A/B pR-507

pR-402A/B pR-509

pR-403B pOTHER

SAMPLE TAKEN FROM

pVapor Phase at:

pLiquid Line

pCondenser

pCompressor – Suction

pCompressor – Discharge

pReceiver

pRecovery / Recycle Unit

pRecovery / Cylinder / Drum

pOther

SOURCE OF SAMPLE

pNew factory filled cylinders

pUsed-Refrigerant drum or cylinder

pCentrifugal refrigerant system with purge unit

pCentrifugal refrigerant system without purge unit

pReciprocating refrigerant system

pHermetic pOpen

pRotary System

pOther

APPLICATION

pEvaporator temperature:

pCondensing medium

pEvaporator type:

pDX:

pFlooded:

pShell & Tube:

pSystem Size:

HP Tons

pRefrigerant Charge (lbs.):

REASON FOR ANALYSIS REQUEST

pAir / Water leak suspected

pEvidence of corrosion

pOil sludged or darkened

pExcessive head pressure

pSuspect excess oil evaporator

pCompressor burn-out

pDesire condition of refrigerant

pOther

ANALYSIS DESIRED

pMoisture – ppm

pHigh boiling residue (oil) – %

pAcidity – ppm as HC1

pIdentification – IR

pPurity – GC

pParticulates

pChloride

COMMENTS OR SPECIAL REQUESTS

LAB USE ONLYLAB NOTEBOOK #:SAMPLE ID #:

SHIP SAMPLE TO:

Sampling Procedures on reverse side.



6th Edition 2016

Cylinder Sampling Procedures

C

A B

C

A

B

Refrigeration Analysis Request Form on reverse side.

Liquid Phase (Refer to Figure 1)

1. Use a heat gun, or otherwise dry the connection at the sample source, “C”.

2. Connect a vacuum gauge to the sample cylinder or otherwise ensure that the sample cylinder is a full vacuum (-30”Hg). Tare weigh the cylinder to the nearest ounce.

3. Connect a clean, dry, flex transfer line to the refrigerant source at point “C”. Dry the sample cylinder at point “A”.

4. Carefully open valve “C” and purge a small amount of liquid-phase through the line. Then immediately connect the line to the sample cylinder at point “A”.

5. Open valve “B”. Then slowly open valve “C” as to fill the cylinder to about 85-90% volume capacity. Close valves “C” and “B”.

Note: External cooling of the sample cylinder may be necessary to sample the refrigerant.

6. Disconnect the flex line at “A” and re-weigh the cylinder to ensure sufficient sample has been taken.

7. Soap bubble check the sample cylinder valve and valve connection to the cylinder for any leaks.

Vapor Phase (Refer to Figure 2)

1. Connect as shown and then with valve “C” closed and valve “B” opened, slowly open valve “A” until the gauge reads -30 in. Hg.

2. Close valve “A”.

3. Slowly open valve “C” as to bring the pressure to slightly above 1 atm. Close valve “C”.

4. Open valve “A” until full vacuum is attained. Close valve “A”.

5. Wait 5 minutes to ensure there are no leaks. Gauge should hold full vacuum.

6. Slowly open valve “C” and bring cylinder to either full head space pressure or to a maximum of 100 psig, whichever comes first.

Do not exceed 100 psig. Close valve “C” and “B”.

7. Disconnect sample cylinder and soap bubble check for leaks.

8. Submit for NCG analysis.

CHECK LIST:Did you remember to:o}Tightly close all valves?

o}Weigh cylinder to make sure a sufficient sample was taken?

o}Completely fill out the Request for Refrigerant Analysis Form (on reverse side)?

o}Provide your FAX number and email address so we can return your test results?




Request for Oil Analysis• Complete this form and attach to the filled test cylinder. • Follow cylinder filling instructions on reverse side.• One form must be completed for each sample submitted.

Company:

Attn:

Address:

Job Location:

Phone: Fax:

Email Address:

PO #: UR Store #:

Sample ID:

Date sample taken:

COMMENTS OR SPECIAL REQUESTS

LAB USE ONLYID #:

SHIP SAMPLE TO:

Sampling Instructions on reverse side.

PLEASE CHECK TESTS REQUIRED

pIdentification of type of oil

pResidual mineral oil in POE oil

pResidual mineral oil in AB oil

pCompressor-Discharge pAcidity

pAppearance Unit pViscosity

pMoisture pWear Metals

pOther (explain)

COMPRESSOR INFORMATION

Hermetic? pYES pNO

pCentrifugal pRotary

pReciprocating pScrew

pOther: (describe)

*Compressor serial no:

Oil mfr/brand or type/grade:

Last date of oil change:

Hours operating since last oil change:

Sump Cap: Gal: Qt: L:

Oil additive present:

Compressor mfr/brand:

SYSTEM INFORMATION

Unit mfr/model:

Unit serial no:

Refrigerant:

No. filters/driers

Last date of filter/drier change:

Retrofit in progress: pYES pNO

If YES, please complete below:

Original oil type:

New oil type:

*Required for historical data reporting



6th Edition 2016

Oil Laboratory

This Kit Contains:

v(1) Sample bottle

v(1) Identification label

v(1) Sample

HOW TO USE THIS SERVICE:

1. Collecting Samples:

Oil should be taken from the unit immediately after shutdown, and/or while running at operating temperature so as to obtain a representative sample. The sample should be taken from the crankcase at the drain plug. Upon opening the plug, drain off a small amount of oil before taking the sample as to avoid contamination. Once drawn, allow the sample to de-gas before tightening the lid. Fill the container about 3/4 full.

NOTE: Synthetic oils are hygroscopic and must be sampled without excess ive exposure to ambient air, i.e., attach the lid securely immediately follow ing the degassing period.

2. Identification Labels:

Fill out a label completely for each compressor sampled. Print your name, job, compressor serial number and sampling date on the label.

3. Sample Request Form:

Be sure to include all of the information requested (hours since oil change, hours since new/ overhauled, or last major repair, oil type, etc.) Include all unit/ component information.

4. Sending the Sample:

Be sure the identification label is attached to the sample bottle. Be sure the sample bottle lid is securely tightened. Fold the sample request form and place it around the other bottle inside the pre-addressed mailing box. Always use first class postage, air freight or overnight (FedEx, etc.) for quick service.

RETURN SAMPLE TO:

Oil Analysis Request Form on reverse side.

National Refrigerants, Inc.Analytical Laboratory 661 Kenyon Avenue Rosenhayn, NJ 08352




6th Edition 2016

Recovery Cylinder Hydrostatic Test & Refurbish Program


Refrigerant Recovery Cylinders require a Department of Transportation (DOT) hydrostatic recertification every 5 years. This requires the cylinder to have a visual, internal and external examination and a test by interior hydrostatic pressure in a water jacket for determination of the expansion of the cylinders. NRI is a DOT approved hydrostatic test facility and offers other cylinder refurbishing services. Below are details of NRI’s cylinder refurbishing program offered to owners of recovery cylinders.

Please call for a quotation for any service not listed.

HYDROSTATIC TESTIncludes:

vhydrostatic test

vinternal drying

vtest date engraved on collar/body of cylinder

HYDROSTATIC TEST & REFURBISH

Includes:

vhydrostatic test

vremoval of old paint

vapplication of grey/yellow paint

vdip tube replacement

vinternal drying

vdual port valve replacement

vtest date engraved on collar/body of cylinder

The above services are generally available for all cylinders listed below

— 30 lb. & 50 lb. recovery cylinders (DOT 4BA, 4BW)

— 125 lb. recovery cylinders (DOT 4BA, 4BW)



— 2000 lb. recovery cylinders (DOT 106A, 110A)

Additional work may be necessary for DOT Certification. Customer will be notified before work begins if additional costs will be incurred. Please call for pricing.



6th Edition 2016


Refrigerant Recovery Containers

PRESSURIZED RECOVERY CYLINDERS

SIZE

30 lbs.

40 lbs.

50 lbs.

50 lbs. HP **

50 lbs. w/float

125 lbs.

1,000 lbs.

2,000 lbs.

**50 lb. HP deposit cylinder is also rated to 400 psi and can be used to recover R-410A

RECOVERY DRUMS FOR : R-11

R-113 R-123

Size

100 lbs. (10 gal)

200 lbs. (20 gal)

650 lbs. (55 gal)

VERY HIGH PRESSURE RECOVERY CYLINDERS

Size

9 lbs.

23 lbs.

80 lbs.

Guidelines:v A service fee is charged when cylinders are taken for use by customer.

v Cylinder deposits are credited back to customer upon return of cylinder.

v Drums for low pressure refrigerant recovery are rated as single trip containers, therefore they are purchased outright.

v National uses its own on-site DOT approved hydrostatic testing equipment. All cylinders are shipped under a partial vacuum. Cylinders should be fully evacuated with a vacuum pump prior to use. For the user’s protection, a plastic shrink wrap covers the valve.

v Please read Filling Procedures and Safety Recommendations to ensure proper transfer of recovered refrigerant in to containers.

v National reserves the right to charge a cylinder cleaning fee for cylinders used as receivers or returned less than 50% full.

EZ ONE-SHOT™ disposable cylinder is rated to 400 psi

and is guaranteed to be rated to recover R-410A.



6th Edition 2016


Instructions for Participating in NRI’s Refrigerant Reclamation Program

Instructions for Participating in NRI’s Refrigerant Reclamation Program

1. Obtain a Recovered Refrigerant tag/label and container(s) from either NRI or an authorized distributor.

2. Fill out a Recovered Refrigerant Tag for each recovery cylinder and a Recovered Refrigerant Label for each drum. Bill of Lading number must be written on each label/tag and the appropriate panel on the EZ ONE-SHOT™ disposable 30 lb. recovery cylinder.

3. Fill the containers according to NRI Filling Instructions.

4. All Material must meet NRI Recovered Refrigerant Acceptance Specifications. Please see Terms and Conditions for additional information.

5. Ship your properly filled and tagged containers to: National Refrigerants, Inc. 661 Kenyon Avenue Rosenhayn, NJ 08352

or an authorized NRI Distributor

Recovered Refrigerant Acceptance Specifications

1. Only fluorocarbon refrigerants from refrigeration and air conditioning systems are accepted. Halons will not be accepted. Fluorocarbons from other applications, such as solvents or cleaning agents, are NOT acceptable.

2. Non-Fluorocarbon refrigerants, such as ammonia, methylene chloride, propane, ethane, sulfur dioxide, etc. are NOT acceptable. Also, fluorocarbon refrigerants contaminated with hydrocarbons in excess of 0.5% by weight (total hydrocarbons) will not be accepted.

3. Only one type of refrigerant per container is acceptable. Refrigerant must be shipped in DOT-approved recovery containers. Refer to AHRI Guideline K. R-11, R-113 and R-123 must be shipped in drums to avoid additional handling fees.

4. Containers must not exceed Maximum Allowable Gross Weight as specified in NRI’s Cylinder Weight Chart. Overfilled containers will be subject to a handling fee.

5. Refrigerant Contaminants are acceptable with the following limits (chart above):

Purity 98% minimum for all HCFCs & HFCs 99.5% for all CFCs

Component Ratios/ Composition

must be within AHRI 700 Specifications for allowable composition (weight). Composition must be within ASHRAE classification for toxicity and flammability.

Oil not to exceed 20% by weight in R-11, R-113 & R-123; not to exceed 10% by weight all others

Water not to exceed saturation point of refrigerant

Acid pH must be greater than 2.0 and less than 12.0

Dyes not to exceed 1% by weight

Hydrocarbons not to exceed 0.5% by weight

Safety Recommendations

1. Only fill cylinders that are currently DOT approved for fluoro-carbon refrigerants. Always inspect the cylinder for proper pressure rating and latest hydrostatic test date. Thoroughly check each cylinder and drum for dents, gouges, bulges, cuts or other imperfections, which may render it unsafe to hold refrigerant for storage or transportation.

2. It is highly recommended to read the Air Conditioning, Heating & Refrigeration Institute “Guideline K-Guideline for Containers for Recovered Fluorocarbon Refrigerants”.

3. Be sure all connections are made tight before transferring re-frigerant into containers. Be sure all closures are made tight on the container immediately after filling. Be sure to replace valve outlet caps on cylinders.

4. Aways use a scale when filling any cylinder. DO NOT OVERFILL.

5. Caution: Liquid refrigerant can cause frostbite if skin contact occurs. Be aware that the refrigerant/oil being removed from a system may contain contaminants, which may be harmful to breathe. Avoid contact with skin. Always provide fresh air when working in enclosed areas. Avoid breathing vapors. Always wear safety glasses and gloves(cold resistant for pressurized refrigerants and rubber-type for R11, R113 or R123). Avoid contact with clothing.



6th Edition 2016

Filling Procedure for Recovered Refrigerant

1. Visually inspect the container to be filled. Use vacuum pump to pull cylinder into full vacuum. Strictly follow all DOT requirements for inspection of refrigerant containers. For all cylinders, leak test with a vacuum gauge. Do not fill a leaking cylinder. NRI is not responsible for refrigerant recov-ered into a leaking cylinder.

2. NRI does not recommend using a recovered refrigerant cylinder as a temporary storage container. NRI recom-mends the use of the EZ ONE-SHOT disposable recovery cylinder when the recovered refrigerant will be returned to a system without processing.

3. Place the container on a scale. Note empty weight of container to determine the maximum gross weight. Add the corresponding maximum refrigerant weight to the tare weight to get the maximum allowable gross shipping weight. (See Guidelines for Maximum Shipping Weight.)

4. Connect transfer hoses to the container. Make certain hoses are leak free. If possible, change hoses when recover-ing different types of refrigerant to avoid contamination by unintentionally mixing refrigerants.

5. Open container outlets and begin the transfer process following manufacturer’s instructions for the recovery unit. DO NOT LEAVE THE CONTAINER UNATTENDED. Watch the scale closely. DO NOT OVERFILL. Do not exceed the gross weight limit. Do not fill more than 80% by volume. It is illegal to transport an overfilled cylinder.

6. When the scale reaches the gross weight limit-stop the transfer process. Tightly close all valves and other outlets. Disconnect the transfer hose. AVOID CONTACT WITH LIQUID REFRIGERANT/OIL MIXTURES. Immediately replace all valve outlet caps and other container closures.

7. Weigh the container. Always use a scale. DO NOT OVERFILL. Write the weight on all appropriate forms and on the container tag or label.

8. Completely fill out the container tag or label. Be sure the tag or label indicates the correct refrigerant in the contain-er. It is illegal to transport a container without identifying the contents (including empty cylinders).

9. There will be a cylinder cleaning charge for cylinders returned less than 50% full. Check off the “For Cleaning Only” box on the hang tag. R11, R113 & R123 must be shipped in drums to avoid additional handling fees.

10. Ship your properly filled and tagged containers to an authorized NRI distributor.

Terms and Conditions

1. All used refrigerants must meet “Recovered Refrigerant Acceptance Specifications”. NRI will accept title to shipment only after it has been verified through analysis, in NRI’s laboratory, that these standards have been met. Off specification material may, at NRI’s option, be returned to the customer freight-collect or disposed of in a manner agreeable to both NRI and the customer at customer’s sole expense.

2. Refrigerant must be shipped in DOT approved containers. Any shipments not meeting this specification will be refused. Containers must be properly skidded and banded for shipment. Drums must not have any rust, dents, bulges or leaks. Open-top drums are not acceptable. NRI will not be liable for any claims, damages, lawsuits, judgments or liabilities caused by or resulting from the fault or negligence of the shipper.

3. NRI reserves the right to charge cylinder refurbishing fees for any NRI owned cylinder that is returned damaged or defaced. A cleaning fee may be charged for each con-tainer that is returned with less than 50% of the maximum fill weight of recovered refrigerant. Handling fees may be charged for recovered refrigerant that requires special handling by NRI.

Recovered Refrigerant Handling Fees

1. Cylinder Handling Fee: Customers returning recovery cylinders containing recovered refrigerant will be charged a handling fee according to the current price schedules.

2. Free standing water: Water exceeding saturation point of refrigerant; requires special processing to separate the water from the refrigerant; waste must be sent to waste water processing facility for purification.

3. Excessive oil content: Refrigerant oil (mineral or synthetic) that exceeds ARI Acceptance Specification (10% for high pressure; 30% for low pressure): fee will be charged for each pound of oil exceeding Acceptance Specifications.

4. High acid content: Acid present in the refrigerant at such a concentration that the pH level of the material is between 2.0 and 5.0 (a pH level below 2.0 would classify the material as hazardous waste according the 40CFR); such material must be handled as a priority in order to effectively neutral-ize the acid in the material

5. Over-filled container: Cylinders and drums exceeding the maximum Gross Weight as specified in NRI’s Cylinder Weight Chart that require special handling; these containers must be handled as a priority as soon as they are received to prevent injury to NRI or other persons and to prevent the release of the material in the container to the atmosphere.



6th Edition 2016

EZ ONE-SHOT™ Recovery CylinderEZ ONE-SHOT™ cylinders use DOT-39 disposable cylinder technology to provide an inexpensive, lightweight cylinder for use in one-time fill recovery situations


Applications for the EZ ONE-SHOT™• Temporary storage receiver (where policy demands

clean cylinder for each job)

• Single recovery job where gas will need to be returned or stored

— One 20 to 30 lb. recovery job

— Several smaller jobs at the same site

— Burned gas: avoid contamination of your everyday recovery cylinder

— Infrequent jobs or products not regularly recovered: won’t tie up a standard cylinder

— Dedicated shop machines

— Download everyday cylinder to return refrigerant

Back Flow Prevention ValvesEZ ONE-SHOT™ cylinders are equipped with back flow prevention devices inside the valves. THE CYLINDERS ARE SHIPPED WITH THE VALVES OPEN.

• Cylinders must be evacuated before use, but after hoses are connected.

• Once the cylinder valve is closed for the first time, the back flow prevention device seats in the valve. No more refrigerant can be added to the cylinder through that valve.

• Be sure that all recovery operations are complete before closing both valves to the cylinder.

• Refrigerant can be removed from the cylinder just like any other supply cylinder.

One-Time FillOne-time fill means that once refrigerant has been put into the cylinder and then removed, the cylinder may no longer be used for further recovery operations. It must be scrapped or disposed of properly. Recovering refrigerant with an EZ ONE-SHOT™ recovery cylinder is considered the first filling operation. Recovery from several units, one after the other, until the cylinder is full represents one filling operation (for example, a dedicated shop machine).

EZ ONE-SHOT™ recovery cylinders are subject to the same regulations as the “disposable” refrigerant cylinders that refrigerant is supplied in. Federal law forbids transportation if REFILLED. Federal law also requires that cylinders transported in the box provided. Penalty up to $500,000 fine and 5 years imprisonment (49 U.S.C. 5124).

6th Edition 2016



6th Edition 2016

Figure 1: Evacuate Cylinder

• If performing liquid recovery, arrange hoses as indicated in Fig. 2.

• If performing vapor recovery, arrange hoses as indicated in Fig. 3.

• Evacuate cylinder with vacuum pump through a gauge set placed in the vapor line, or through an access port on the recovery machine, if available.

DO NOT CLOSE CYLINDER VALVES.

Figure 2: Liquid Recovery

Recovery machine draws vapor from the cylinder and uses this vapor to push liquid out of the system back into the cylinder.

• Vapor valve is at top of cylinder

• Liquid valve is at bottom

If also performing vapor recovery:

• Close liquid valve when the sight glass clears, BEFORE turning off the recovery machine.

• Use gauge set on vapor line to transfer hoses on recovery machine to configuration in Fig. 3.

Figure 3: Vapor Recovery

Vapor recovery operations are performed normally, with access to the cylinder only through the vapor valve. Close bottom valve on cylinder. Complete all recovery operations, including purging procedures for the recovery unit, before closing the vapor valve.

Once cylinder valves are closed no more refrigerant can be added to the cylinder.

Procedures for Using EZ ONE-SHOT™ Recovery Cylinder

Maximum Shipping Weight of Recovered Refrigerant in EZ ONE-SHOT™ Recovery Cylinder

Refrigerant Max Ship Wt./Lbs. Refrigerant Max Ship Wt./Lbs.

R-12 42 R-407A/C 38

R-22 39 R-408A 36

R-114 36 R-409A 40

R-134a 40 R-410A 36

R-401A/B 39 R-422B 38

R-402A/B 38 R-502 40

R-404A 36 R-507 36

The information contained herein is based on technical data which we believe to be reliable and is intended for use by persons having technical skill, at their own discretion and risk. National Refrigerants, Inc. makes no warranties, either expressed or implied, regarding the merchantability or fitness of this product and assumes no liability for consequential damages resulting from the use or misuse of this product.

National Refrigerants, Inc. Refrigerant Management Services



6th Edition 2016


Recovered Refrigerant BANKING GUIDELINESINITIAL DEPOSITAn initial deposit of 500 lbs. of refrigerant is required to open an account. This can be comprised of different types of refrigerant. Refrigerant must meet NRI’s Recovered Refrigerant Acceptance Specifications.

FUTURE DEPOSITAfter the initial deposit of a minimum of 500 lbs., subsequent deposits are accepted for a minimum of 500 lbs. per deposit.

v Deposits of low pressure refrigerants are accepted in 100 lb. drums and larger.v Deposits of high pressure refrigerants are accepted in 125 lb. cylinders and larger. v CYLINDERS LESS THAN 125 LBS. ARE NOT ELIGIBLE FOR BANKING.

MINIMUM BALANCEIf during the course of any month, customer account balance falls below a total of 1,000 lbs., NRI may purchase the balance of refrigerants as outlined below.

CHARGESNRI will invoice you for the processing of the total weight of verified refrigerant than can be reclaimed to AHRI 700 Specifications plus any contaminant/disposal fees. A nominal charge for disposable 30 lb. and 50 lb. cylinders is charged at time of withdrawal. Storage fees on balance will be billed monthly. Please call for current pricing.

HANDLING FEES/DISPOSAL CHARGES• Oil Disposal greater than 20% (low pressure) • High Acid Content• Oil Disposal greater than 10% (high pressure) • Mixed Refrigerant• Free Standing Water • Over-filled container

Disposal charges for contaminants above accepted levels will be determined on a case-by-case basis.

STORAGEThe net reclaimed refrigerant is placed in bulk storage. A storage fee is billed on a monthly basis.

WITHDRAWALA faxed or written authorization is required for withdrawal of refrigerant from the bank. Upon receipt of the withdrawal authorization at NRI, product will be made available as soon as reasonably possible for pick up or shipment. Customer will be responsible for freight on all shipments.

REPORTSA banking report and invoice will be issued to the customer monthly.

NRI PURCHASEIf, at a later date, the customer does not require the banked refrigerant, NRI may purchase same at a mutually agreed upon price.

All rates, terms and prices are subject to change. Prices do not include sales tax, if any. NRI reserves the right to alter its program upon 30 days notice.

REFRIGERANTSR-11R-12

R-113R-114R-123

R-134aR-22

R-401A R-401B

R-404AR-407A R-407C R-408A R-409A R-410A R-500 R-502 R-507

Cylinder Charge for W/D

30 lbs Call for price50 lbs.

Drum Charge for W/D

100 Market Price

200 Market Price

* Cylinder charge subject to change without notice



6th Edition 2016

Guidelines for Maximum Shipping Weights for Recovered Refrigerant Containers

Cylinder Size 30 lb. EZ One Shot 30 lb. 40 lb. 50 lb.* 125 lb. 1/2 ton ton

Water Capacity 26.2 lbs. 29.7 lbs. 38.1 lbs. 47.7 lbs. 123 lbs. 1,000 lbs. 1,600 lbs.

*includes 50F and 50HPMAXIMUM REFRIGERANT WEIGHT ALLOWED

R-12 * 27 31 40 50 129 1049 1678R-22 * 25 28 36 45 117 953 1524

R-500 * 24 27 35 44 112 913 1461R-502 * 25 29 37 46 119 971 1554

R-507A ** 22 25 32 40 103 838 1341R-114 * 30 35 44 56 143 1164 1862R-124 * 28 32 41 52 133 1084 1734

R-134a * 25 29 37 46 119 966 1545R-401A * 25 28 36 45 117 952 1523R-401B * 25 28 36 45 117 951 1522R-402A *** 24 27 35 44 113 917 1467R-402B ** 24 27 35 44 113 920 1472R-403B ** 23 26 34 42 109 888 1421R-404A ** 22 25 32 40 103 835 1336R-406A * 23 26 34 42 108 882 1411R-407A ** 24 27 35 44 113 916 1466R-407C ** 24 27 35 43 112 910 1456R-407D * 24 28 35 44 114 929 1487R-407F ** 23 27 34 43 110 894 1430R-408A ** 22 25 32 40 104 848 1356R-409A * 25 29 37 46 119 971 1554R-410A **** 22 25 32 40 104 847 1355R-414B * 25 29 37 46 119 971 1554R-416A * 26 29 37 47 121 983 1572R-417A * 24 27 35 44 113 921 1474R-417C * 25 28 36 45 116 944 1510R-422A ** 24 27 35 43 111 908 1454R-422B * 24 27 35 44 113 922 1476R-422C ** 24 27 35 44 113 915 1464R-422D ** 24 27 35 44 113 915 1464R-422E ** 24 27 35 44 114 926 1481R-427A ** 24 27 34 43 111 903 1445R-438A ** 24 27 35 44 113 917 1468

Minimum cylinder service pressure required (psig) for each different refrigerant is indicated above by * 260 psig = * 300 psig = ** 350 psig = *** 400 psig = ****

Low Pressure Containers Drum SizeMax Allowable

Refrigerant WeightAverage Drum

Tare WeightMax Gross

Shipping Weight

R-11, R-113, R-123100 lbs. 90 lbs. 10 lbs. 100 lbs.200 lbs. 180 lbs. 20 lbs. 200 lbs.650 lbs. 585 lbs. 65 lbs. 650 lbs.

Very High Pressure Cylinders

RC9 avg tw 20

RC23 avg tw 30

RC80 avg tw 140

Recovered Refrigerant Weight + Tare Weight of Cylinder = Maximum Gross Shipping Weight

Ref Wt Ship Wt Ref Wt Ship Wt Ref Wt Ship WtR-13 14 34 19 49 74 211R-23 11 31 15 45 58 198

R-503 12 32 16 46 64 206R-508B 12 32 17 47 65 205R-13B1 17 37 12 52 89 229

IMPORTANT: The tare weights listed in this guideline are only average weights. In order to determine actual gross shipping weight, the tare weight of each individual cylinder must be used.

Always use a scale when filling any cylinder. DO NOT OVERFILL



IVADDITIONAL TECHNICAL LITERATURE 114 Glossary of Terms 118 Lubricant Cross Reference Guide 122 Lubricants 126 Propylene Glycol




6th Edition 2016

Glossary of Terms

Alkylbenzene Oil: A synthetic refrigeration oil similar to mineral oil; it offers better low temperature mixing with HCFCs.

Appliance: Any device that contains and uses a Class I or Class II substance as a refrigerant and is used for household or commercial purposes, including any air conditioner, refrigerator, chiller or freezer.

Azeotrope: A mixture of two or more refrigerants that acts as a single fluid. The components of azeotropic mixtures will not separate under normal operating conditions.

Blend: A mixture of two or more refrigerant components.

Brazed: Joined by fusion using very high heat; equivalent of hard soldering.

Capacity: The measure of heat energy removed by a system per hour. The capacity is very dependent on running and ambient conditions and it is typically quoted for a compressor or system at some standard rating condition.

Centrifugal Air Conditioning: Compressor technology used in larger air conditioning chillers, based on a rotating impeller to “spin” refrigerant to a higher pressure/temperature.

CFC: Chloro-Fluoro-Carbon; a refrigerant comprised of carbon atoms connected to only chlorine and fluorine atoms. The common CFCs are R-11, R-12, R-13, R-113, R-114 and R-115.

Class I: Chemicals listed in the Clean Air Act having an ozone depletion potential of 0.2 or higher. These include CFCs, halons, carbon tetrachloride, methyl chloroform, and bromine compounds.

Class II: Chemicals listed in the Clean Air Act having an ozone depletion potential of less than 0.2. All of the HCFCs are considered Class II.

Commercial Refrigeration: The refrigeration appliances used in the retail food and cold storage ware-house sectors. Retail food includes the refrigeration equipment found in supermarkets, convenience stores, restaurants and other food service establishments. Cold storage includes the equipment used to store meat, produce, dairy, and other perishable goods, usually in very large facilities.

Direct Expansion: A system design that meters refrigerant into the evaporator with the intention that it will all boil to vapor by the time it reaches the end. Orifice plates, capillary tubes, automatic expansion valves, and TXVs are all expansion devices that provide for direct expansion of refrigerant in the evaporator.

Disposal: The process leading to and including (1) the discharge, deposit, dumping or placing of any discarded appliance into or on any land or water, (2) the disassembly of any appliance for discharge, deposit, dumping or placing of its discarded component parts into or on any land or water, or (3) the disassembly of any appliance for reuse of its component parts.

Efficiency: Ratio of the work output to the energy input.

Elastomer: Material which can be stretched or squeezed and, immediately on release of the stress, returns to its approximate dimensions.



6th Edition 2016

Glossary of Terms

Equilibrium: Liquid and vapor phases of refrigerant existing in contact with each other at a saturated pressure/temperature condition. For blends, the composition of the vapor will contain more of the higher pressure components.

Flooded Evaporator Systems: A system design that allows the refrigerant to boil in a pool in the evaporator, which cools the water, glycol or product that is circulating through tubing or panels in the boiling pool, and only the vapor that is boiled goes back to the compressor.

Fractionation: Change in composition of a blend by preferential evaporation of the more volatile components(s) or condensation of the less volatile component(s).

Global Warming or “Greenhouse Effect”: Occurs when carbon dioxide and other gases, including refrigerants, build up in the atmosphere. These gases allow sunlight to pass through to the earth: however, the gases trap heat energy from the earth and the planet’s average temperature is raised.

Global Warming potential or GWP: A relative measure of how effective a chemical is at retaining heat in the atmosphere. The value shows the effect of an equivalent number of kilograms of CO2 on global warming.

HC: Hydrocarbon refrigerants, used primarily as additives in blends. They will help promote circulation of mineral oil when the blend components will not accomplish this alone.

HCFC: Hydro-Chloro-Fluoro-Carbon; a refrigerant comprised of carbon atoms connected to chlorine, fluorine, and hydrogen atoms. The common HCFCs are R-22, R-123, R-124, R-142b

HFC: Hydro-Fluoro-Carbon; a refrigerant comprised of carbon atoms connected to fluorine and hydro-gen only. The common HFCs are R-134a, R-125, R143a, R-152a, R-32 and R-23

High Ambient Air Conditioning: An air conditioning application where the surrounding air temperatures are higher than normal, which requires a slightly lower refrigerant pressure and very large condensing surface in order to work correctly. (Example: crane control room in a steel mill.)

High Pressure Appliance: An appliance that uses refrigerant with a boiling point between -50˚C (-55˚F) and 10˚C (40˚F) at atmospheric pressure. This definition includes, but is not limited to, appliances that use R-12, R-22, R-114, R-500 or R-502.

High Temperature Refrigeration: Refrigeration applications where the evaporator temperature normally runs higher than 30˚F.

Household Appliance: The standard refrigerator/freezer found in most kitchens, as well as small freezer appliances sold to homeowners.

Hygroscopic: A tendency for refrigeration oils to absorb moisture from the atmosphere.

Industrial Process Refrigeration: Complex, customized appliances used in the chemical, pharmaceu-tical, petrochemical and manufacturing industries. This sector also includes industrial ice machines and ice rinks.



6th Edition 2016

Low-Loss Fitting: Any device that is intended to establish a connection between hoses, appliances, or recovery or recycling machines, which is designed to close automatically or will be closed manually when disconnected, thereby minimizing the release of refrigerant from hoses, appliances, and recovery/recycling machines.

Low-Pressure Appliance: An appliance that uses a refrigerant with a boiling point above 10˚C (40˚F) at atmospheric pressure. This definition includes, but is not limited to, equipment utilizing R-11, R-113, and R-123.

Low Temperature Refrigeration: Refrigeration applications that normally run evaporator temperatures between -40˚F and 0˚F.

Medium Temperature Refrigeration: Refrigeration applications that normally run evaporator tempera-tures between 0˚F and 40˚F.

Mineral Oil: Traditional refrigeration oil, refined from petroleum products. Generally not compatible with new HFC refrigerants.

Miscibility: Ability of a gas or liquid to dissolve uniformly (mix) in another gas or liquid.

Motor Vehicle Air Conditioner (MVAC): Any appliance that is contained in a motor vehicle and is used to cool the driver’s or passenger’s compartment. MVAC is regulated under the Clean Air Act Section 609.

MVAC-Like Appliance: Air conditioning equipment used to cool the driver’s or passenger’s compart-ment of a non-road vehicle. The system is similar in construction to MVAC equipment; however R-22 equipment is excluded from this definition.

Oil Flushing: The process of changing from one type of lubricant (typically mineral oil or alkylbenzene) to another type (typically POE), which involves the removal of an oil charge and replacement with the new oil type. Successive oil changes will quickly lower the concentration of the original oil type.

Opening an Appliance: Any service, maintenance, or repair on an appliance that could be reasonably expected to release refrigerant from the appliance to the atmosphere unless the refrigerant was previously recovered from the appliance.

Ozone Depletion: The interruption by free chlorine radicals of the normal ozone creation/breakdown process which occurs in the upper atmosphere. The free chlorine causes ozone molecules to come apart, then ties up the free oxygen used to make for ozone. The result is a net decrease in the ozone concentration.

Poly-Alkylene-Glycol (PAG) Oil: A general term that applies to a family of synthetic oils based on polyalkylene glycols chemistry. PAGs are used primarily with HFC refrigerants in the automotive air conditioning industry.

Process Stub: A length of tubing that provides access to the refrigerant inside an appliance and that can be resealed at the conclusion of repair or service.

Propylene Glycol: A type of heat transfer fluid used in secondary loop chillers. Because of the low toxic-ity of propylene glycol, this product is often used when failure of the cooling piping might allow contact of the glycol with food products.

Glossary of Terms



6th Edition 2016

Pump-Down (Out): The withdrawal of all refrigerant from the low side of a system by pumping it into either the condenser or the liquid receiver.

Reclaim: To reprocess refrigerant to at least the purity specified in the AHRI Standard 700, Specifications for Fluorocarbon Refrigerants, and to verify this purity using the specified analytical methods.

Recovery: To remove refrigerant from a system, regardless of condition, and store it in an external container without necessarily testing or processing the refrigerant in any way.

Recovery Efficiency: The percentage of refrigerant recovered compared to the total amount in the appliance.

Recycle: To extract refrigerant from an appliance to attempt to clean water, oil, acidity and particulates from it. These procedures may not necessarily return the refrigerant to AHRI 700 purity. The refrigerant may be returned to the same system after recycling.

Repair: Fix what is wrong with a broken system without changing the type of refrigerant.

Replace: Install a new piece of equipment in the same application instead of repair or retrofit.

Retrofit: The replacement of the original refrigerant in a system with a different refrigerant, which may involve changing valves, oil, other components, or adjusting controls in some manner.

Self-Contained Recovery Equipment: Recovery equipment that is capable of removing refrigerant from an appliance without the assistance of components within the appliance.

Small Appliances: Any self-contained, hermetic appliance that contains 5 pounds or less of refrigerant.

System-Dependent Recovery Equipment: Recovery equipment that requires the assistance of components contained in an appliance to remove the refrigerant.

Temperature Glide: the change in temperature from when a blend first starts boiling in an evaporator to when it reaches saturated vapor at the end of the evaporator.

TXV (or TEV): Thermal Expansion Valve, which is used to meter the flow of refrigerant from the liquid line into the evaporator and provide the correct pressure drop.

Very Low Temperature or Ultra Low Temperature Refrigeration: Refrigeration applications that normally run evaporator temperatures below -60˚F. These applications will often use a cascade or 2 stage refrigeration system.

Weight Percent: The relative amount of each component in a refrigerant blend on a mass basis (the pounds of each component relative to the total pounds in the blend).

Zeotrope: A blend that behaves normally as a mixture of refrigerants. The properties are a combination of the individual component properties, and the vapor composition is different from the liquid, which promotes fractionation and temperature glide effects. (see Section 2)

Glossary of Terms



6th Edition 2016

Lubricant Cross Reference Guide

OEM PART # Lubricant Type Viscosity

Bitzer B100 Mineral Oil 500 SUS / 100 ISO NL 500

Bitzer 5.2 Alkylbenzene 150 SUS / 32 ISO NL AKB 150

Bitzer BSE 32 Polyolester 32 ISO / 150 SUS NL PE 32

Bitzer BSE 55 Polyolester 68 ISO / 300 SUS NL PE 68

Bitzer BSE 170 Polyolester 170 ISO / 800 SUS Solest 170

Bitzer BSE 220 Polyolester 220 ISO / 1000 SUS Solest 220

Bitzer BSE 320SH Polyolester 320 ISO / 1500 SUS CP 4214-320

Bitzer BSE 150SH Polyolester 150 ISO / 750 SUS CP 4214-150

BVA 3 Mineral Oil 150 SUS / 32 ISO NL 150



BVA Alkyl 150 Alkylbenzene 150 SUS / 32 ISO NL AKB 150

BVA Alkyl 200ca Alkylbenzene 200 SUS / 46 ISO NL AKB 200R

BVA Alkyl 300 Alkylbenzene 300 SUS / 68 ISO NL AKB 300

BVA RPOE LT32 Polyolester 32 ISO / 150 SUS Solest LT32

BVA RPOE 32MA Polyolester 32 ISO / 150 SUS NL PE 32

BVA RPOE 68 Polyolester 68 ISO / 300 SUS NL PE 68

BVA RPOE 120 Polyolester 120 ISO / 600 SUS Solest 120




BVA Alkyl 100E Alkylbenzene 500 SUS / 100 ISO NL AKB 500E

Calumet RO-15 Mineral Oil 150 SUS / 32 ISO NL 150

Calumet RO-30 Mineral Oil 300 SUS / 68 ISO NL 300

Carrier PP45EB304 Mineral Oil 150 SUS / 32 ISO NL 150

Carrier PP23BB005 Mineral Oil 300 SUS / 68 ISO NL 300

Carrier PP23BB006 Mineral Oil 300 SUS / 68 ISO NL 300

Carrier PP23BZ-105 Alkylbenzene 300 SUS / 68 ISO NL AKB 300

Carrier PP23BZ-102 Polyolester 32 ISO / 150 SUS NL PE 32




Carrier PP23BZ-104 Polyolester 220 ISO / 1000 SUS Emkarate RL 220H+

Carrier Spec: PP16-0 Mineral Oil 150 SUS / 32 ISO NL 150






Carrier Spec: PP47-8 Alkylbenzene 150 SUS / 32 ISO NL AKB 150

Carrier Spec: PP49-8 Alkylbenzene 300 SUS / 68 ISO NL AKB 300

Carrier Spec: PP47-30 Polyolester 32 ISO / 150 SUS NL PE 32

Carrier Spec: PP47-31 Polyolester 68 ISO / 300 SUS NL PE 68

Carrier Spec: PP47-32 Polyolester 220 ISO / 1000 SUS Solest 220

Carrier Spec: PP47-33 Polyolester 100 ISO / 500 SUS Solest 100



6th Edition 2016



Castrol SW32 Polyolester 32 ISO / 150 SUS NL PE 32

Castrol SW68 Polyolester 68 ISO / 300 SUS NL PE 68

Castrol SW220 Polyolester 220 ISO / 1000 SUS Solest 220

Chevron (Texaco) Capella WF 32 Mineral Oil 150 SUS / 32 ISO NL WF 32

Chevron (Texaco) Capella WF 68 Mineral Oil 300 SUS / 68 ISO NL WF 68

Copeland Ultra 32-3MAF Polyolester 32 ISO / 150 SUS NL PE 32

Copeland Ultra 22CC Polyolester 22 ISO / 100 SUS NL PE 32

Copeland Ultra 32CC Polyolester 32 ISO / 150 SUS NL PE 32

Copeland 998-E170-xx Polyolester 170 ISO / 800 SUS CP 4214-150

Copeland 998-E320-xx Polyolester 320 ISO / 1500 SUS CP 4214-320

CPI Solest 180 Polyolester 180 ISO / 850 SUS Solest 180

CPI Solest LT32 Polyolester 32 ISO / 150 SUS Solest LT32









CPI CP 4214-150 Polyolester 150 ISO / 750 SUS CP 4214-150

CPI CP 4214-320 Polyolester 320 ISO / 1500 SUS CP 4214-320

Emkarate RL32H Polyolester 32 ISO / 150 SUS NL PE 32

Emkarate RL220+ Polyolester 220 ISO / 1000 SUS Solest 220

Emkarate RL100H Polyolester 100 ISO / 500 SUS Solest 100

Emkarate RL32-3MAF Polyolester 32 ISO / 150 SUS NL PE 32



Emkarate RL68H Polyolester 68 ISO / 300 SUS NL PE 68

Frick #2A Mineral Oil 300 SUS / 68 ISO NL 300

Frick #5 Mineral Oil 150 SUS / 32 ISO NL 150

Frick #6 Alkylbenzene 150 SUS / 32 ISO NL AKB 150

Frick #7 Alkylbenzene 300 SUS / 68 ISO NL AKB 300

Frick #13 Polyolester 68 ISO / 300 SUS NL PE 68, Solest 68

Frick #3 Mineral Oil 300 SUS / 68 ISO NL 300

Hitachi SR-30 Polyolester 320 ISO / 1500 SUS CP 4214-320

Maneurop 160Z Polyolester 32 ISO / 150 SUS NL PE 32

Maneurop 160HZ Polyolester 32 ISO / 150 SUS NL PE 32

Manuerop 160P Mineral Oil 150 SUS / 32 ISO NL 150

Manuerop 160PZ Polyolester 32 ISO / 150 SUS NL PE 32

Manuerop 160SZ Polyolester 32 ISO / 150 SUS NL PE 32

Mobil EAL Arctic 46 Polyolester 46 ISO / 200 SUS Solest 46

Mobil EAL Arctic 22 CC Polyolester 22 ISO / 100 SUS NL PE 32

Mobil EAL Arctic 32 Polyolester 32 ISO / 150 SUS NL PE 32

Mobil Zerice S 32 Alkylbenzene 150 SUS / 32 ISO NL AKB 150



6th Edition 2016


Mobil EAL Arctic 68 Polyolester 68 ISO / 300 SUS NL PE 68



Mobil Zerice S 68 Alkylbenzene 300 SUS / 68 ISO NL AKB 300

Mobil Zerice S 100 Alkylbenzene 500 SUS / 100 ISO NL AKB 500E

National NL AKB 500E Alkylbenzene 500 SUS / 100 ISO NL AKB 500E

National NL PE 32 Polyolester 32 ISO / 150 SUS NL PE 32

National NL PE 68 Polyolester 68 ISO / 300 SUS NL PE 68

National NL 150 Mineral Oil 150 SUS / 32 ISO NL 150



National NL AKB 150 Alkylbenzene 150 SUS / 32 ISO NL AKB 150

National NL AKB 200R Alkylbenzene 200 SUS / 46 ISO NL AKB 200R

National NL AKB 300 Alkylbenzene 300 SUS / 68 ISO NL AKB 300

National NL WF 32 Mineral Oil 150 SUS / 32 ISO NL WF 32

National NL WF 68 Mineral Oil 300 SUS / 68 ISO NL WF 68

Nu Calgon C3 Mineral Oil 150 SUS / 32 ISO NL 150



Shell Clavus 32 Mineral Oil 150 SUS / 32 ISO NL WF 32

Shell Clavus 68 Mineral Oil 150 SUS / 32 ISO NL WF 68

Soltex RF 200A Alkylbenzene 200 SUS / 46 ISO NL AKB 200R

Soltex RF 150 Alkylbenzene 150 SUS / 32 ISO NL AKB 150

Soltex RF 300 Alkylbenzene 300 SUS / 68 ISO NL AKB 300

Suniso 3GS Mineral Oil 150 SUS / 32 ISO NL 150



Totaline (Carrier/Carlyle) P903-01xx Mineral Oil 150 SUS / 32 ISO NL 150

Totaline (Carrier/Carlyle) P903-10xx Polyolester 68 ISO / 300 SUS NL PE 68

Totaline (Carrier/Carlyle) P903-12xx Polyolester 220 ISO / 1000 SUS Solest 220


Totaline (Carrier/Carlyle) P903-17xx Polyolester 68 ISO / 300 SUS NL PE 68

Totaline (Carrier/Carlyle) P903-20xx Alkylbenzene 150 SUS / 32 ISO NL AKB 150


Trane 022 Mineral Oil 300 SUS / 68 ISO NL 300

Trane 0080 Polyolester 32 ISO / 150 SUS NL PE 32













6th Edition 2016




Trane 0086 Polyolester 100 ISO / 500 SUS Solest 100

Trane 0152 Polyolester 46 ISO / 200 SUS Solest 46

York A Mineral Oil 300 SUS / 68 ISO NL 300

York C Mineral Oil 300 SUS / 68 ISO NL 300

York D Mineral Oil 150 SUS / 32 ISO NL 150

York E Mineral Oil 500 SUS / 100 ISO NL 500

York F Mineral Oil 150 SUS / 32 ISO NL 150

York G Polyolester 320 ISO / 1500 SUS CP 4214-320

York H Polyolester 68 ISO / 300 SUS Solest 68, NL PE 68

York J Polyolester 46 ISO / 200 SUS Solest 46

York K Polyolester 32 ISO / 150 SUS Solest LT32, NL PE 32

York L Polyolester 120 ISO / 600 SUS Solest 120

York O Polyolester 32 ISO / 150 SUS Solest LT32, NL PE 32

York P Polyolester 150 ISO / 750 SUS CP 4214-150

York S Polyolester 100 ISO / 500 SUS Solest 100

York T Polyolester 32 ISO / 150 SUS NL PE 32

York V Polyolester 32 ISO / 150 SUS NL PE 32

Zerol 150 Alkylbenzene 150 SUS / 32 ISO NL AKB 150

Zerol 200TD Alkylbenzene 200 SUS / 46 ISO NL AKB 200R

Zerol 300 Alkylbenzene 300 SUS / 68 ISO NL AKB 300

Zerol 500 Alkylbenzene 500 SUS / 100 ISO NL AKB 500E


Scan QR Code or

Point your phone’s browser to

www.refrigerants.com /lubricantsand select

Cross Reference


Mineral Lubricants

PROPERTY Test Method 150 300 500

Viscosity, SUS @ 100˚F ASTM D445 155 325 510

Flash Point, ˚F ASTM D92 350 400 405

Pour Point, ˚F ASTM D97 -50 -30 -15

Floc Point, ˚F ASTM D86 -72 -56 -51

Color Gardner ASTM D1500 <0.5 <0.5 <0.5

Typical water content, ppm ASTM D1533 <25 <25 <25

Specific Gravity ASTM D1250 .904 0.910 0.916

TYPICAL PROPERTIES

Naphthenic Mineral Oils (pale oils) are the traditional choice for lubrication in air conditioning and refrigeration compressors. They are used primarily in systems designed for CFCs (R-12, R-502) and HCFCs (R-22, retrofit blends).

Mineral Oils are made from the highest quality base stocks and provide outstanding performance and protection in compressors. Available in 150 SUS, 300 SUS and 500 SUS viscosities, these products can be used in most reciprocating, scroll, screw and many centrifugal compressors on the market today.

Mineral Oils perform well over a wide temperature range. They have very good chemical stability and provide very good protection and lubrication at higher compressor temperatures. In addition, they have low wax content and have chemical characteristics that promote a low pour point and good oil return to the compressor at low evaporator temperatures. Naphthenic Mineral Oils do a very good job of preventing system deposits compared to paraffinic (white) mineral oils.

Available Sizes Part Numbers

1 Gallon 1501G 3001G 5001G

5 Gallon 1505G 3005G 5005G

55 Gallon 15055G 30055G 50055G

Quality Lubricant Products for the HVAC/R Industry


Alkylbenzene Lubricants

PROPERTY Test Method AKB150 AKB200R AKB300

Viscosity, SUS @ 100˚F ASTM D445 150 205 280

Color Gardner ASTM D1500 1 <1 1

Flash Point, ˚F ASTM D92 347 365 365

Pour Point, ˚F ASTM D97 -49 -49 -49

Typical water content, ppm ASTM D1533 <25 <25 <25

Refractive Index — 1.4865 1.4857 1.4841

TYPICAL PROPERTIES

Alkylbenzene (AKB) synthetic refrigeration lubricants provide outstanding performance for extended drain intervals and better thermal stability compared to traditional mineral oil. They can be used in systems designed for CFCs (R-12, R-502) and HCFCs (R-22, retrofit blends).

Alkylbenzenes are made from the highest quality synthetic base stocks and provide outstanding performance and protection in compressors. These synthetic lubricants do not contain wax and can survive longer than mineral oils at high compressor discharge temperatures. Alkylbenzenes typically run cleaner in systems than mineral based oils. Available in 150 SUS, 200 SUS and 300 SUS viscosities, these products can be used in most reciprocating, rotary vane, and scroll compressors on the market today.

Alkylbenzenes are particularly well suited for use in retrofit projects. In some cases, equipment manufacturers suggest the replacement of some mineral oil with alkylbenzene when using HCFC-based retrofit blends. During HFC retrofit projects, using alkylbenzene for initial oil flushing helps remove mineral oil and contaminants in preparation for a final POE flush, thus saving money on POE.

AKB 200R meets the strict retrofit recommendations imposed by some equipment manufacturers, such as Copeland.


1 Gallon 150AKB1G 200AKB1G 300AKB1G





Polyolester Lubricants

PROPERTY Test Method PE32 PE68

Viscosity, cSt @ 104°F ASTM D445 32 68

Viscosity, cSt @ 212°F ASTM D445 5.8 9.3

Flash Point, °F ASTM D92 496.5 518

Pour Point, °F ASTM D97 -51 -38.2

Total acid number, mgKOH/g ASTM D664 <0.02 <0.02

Typical water content, ppm ASTM D1744 <50 <50

Miscibility Temp, °F IN HOUSE -44 -15

Density, g/ml @ 68°F ASTM D1298 0.977 0.980

TYPICAL PROPERTIES

Polyolester (POE) synthetic refrigeration lubricant is recommended for use with all HFC refrigerants such as R407A and R407C. It is also compatible with HCFC refrigerants and it can be used with confidence in systems containing R-22 or HCFC based blends.

POEs are made from the highest quality base stocks and provide outstanding performance in a wide variety of air conditioning and refrigeration compressors. Available in 32 cSt and 68 cSt viscosities, these products can be used in most reciprocating, scroll, screw and many centrifugal compressors on the market today.

POEs perform well over a wide temperature range. They provide maximum protection and lubrication at higher compressor temperatures. In addition, good refrigerant miscibility at low evaporator temperatures will help promote oil return to the compressor.

POEs are based on the most current industry standard formulations. These lubricants contain no extra antiwear additives that can leave deposits. They are compatible with existing mineral oil and alkylbenzene lubricants, making them excellent for retrofitting older systems to HFC refrigerants.


1 Pint PE321P PE681P

1 Quart PE321Q PE681Q

1 Gallon PE321G PE681G




6th Edition 2016

Solest LT 32Specifically designed for very low temperature applications; provides good miscibility with R-404A, eliminating the need to use two lubricants in a cascade system

Solest 46 Used in centrifugal, reciprocating and rotary vane compressors

Solest 68 Can be used in a wide variety of compressor units

Solest 100 Used primarily in scroll and screw compressors

Solest 120 Provides a good oil return in screw applications

Solest 150, 170 & 180

These lubricants are used mainly in Bitzer and Carlyle screw compressors

Solest 220 Mostly used in large screw type applications with R-134a

CP-4214-150 & CP4214-320

A complex ester lubricant that cannot be used with HFC refrigerants; provides good oil return in R-22 screw type applications

Solest 370 Used in screw type applications with HFC refrigerants

Alkylbenzene 500EAlkylbenzene based lubricant; provides good miscibility with HCFC refrigerants and has the higher viscosity needed to work well with screw compressors

Solest® products are high quality Polyolester Synthetic Lubricants designed for use with air conditioning and industrial refrigeration compressors. These new products extend the viscosity range of synthetic lubricants available from National Refrigerants, Inc. The Solest® Lubricant products are excellent choices for initial fill, service and retrofit applications.

Solest® Product Part # Viscosity Equivalent OEM Part #

Solest LT 32 SolestLT321G 32 ISO/150 SUS York K, York O

Solest 46 Solest461G 46 ISO/200 SUS York J, Trane 0152

Solest 68 Solest681G 68 ISO/300 SUS York H, Trane 0037, Frick 13

Solest 100 Solest1001G 100 ISO/500 SUS York S, Trane 0086

Solest 120 Solest1201G 120 ISO/600 SUS York L

Solest 150 Solest1501G 150 ISO/700 SUS

CP4214-150 CP4214-1505G 150 ISO/700 SUS York P, BSE 150SH

Solest 170 Solest1701G 170 ISO/800 SUS Bitzer BSE 170


Solest 220 Solest2201G 220 ISO/1000 SUS Castrol SW220, BSE 220

CP 4214-320 CP4214-3201G 320 ISO/1500 SUS York G, BSE 320SH


AKB 500 E AKB500E1G 100 ISO/500 SUS BVA 100E, Zerol 500

Solest® Lubricants

Solest® Lubricants are available in the

following sizes:

1 Gallon / 5 Gallon / 55 Gallon


Propylene GlycolContains DOWFROST™ heat transfer fluid

Inhibited Propylene Glycol heat transfer fluid contains DOWFROST™ blended to different concentrations. It contains a performance additive that prevents metal corrosion, lowers maintenance cost, and improves heat transfer. It also provides freeze and burst protection based on the type of application.

Inhibited Propylene Glycol has a low toxicity level, so it can be used in applications that have contact with food or beverage products such as immersion freezing and packaging carbonated beverages. It is also used for secondary cooling and heating applications, and for various defrosting and dehumidifying applications.

FOR FREEZE PROTECTION FOR BURST PROTECTION

TEMP Volume % TEMP Volume %

°F PG35 PG40 PG45 PG70 PG96 °F PG35 PG40 PG45 PG70 PG96

20 49 43 38 25 18 20 33 29 26 16 1210 80 70 62 40 29 10 55 48 43 27 20

0 99 86 77 49 36 0 66 58 51 33 24-10 90 58 42 -10 77 67 60 38 28-20 98 63 46 -20 82 72 64 41 30-30 69 50 -30 91 79 70 45 33-40 74 54 -40 96 84 75 48 35-50 78 57 -50 96 84 75 48 35-60 82 60 -60 96 84 75 48 35

Part # Concentration Container Size

BLU

E D

YE

55PG35D 35% 55 gallon

5PG40 40% 5 gallon

55PG40 40% 55 gallon


1PG70 70% 1 gallon

5PG70 70% 5 gallon


NO

DY

E 55PG35 35% 55 gallon

5PG96 96% 5 gallon


FOO

D G

RA

DE

PROPYL55GUninhibited

USP Food-Grade Kosher 99.9%

55 gallon Many different concentrations With or without dye1 Gallon / 5 Gallon / 55 Gallon

Based on the desired application temperature, the amount of Propylene Glycol can be calculated with the following formula: Volume of PG Required = (system volume) * (% of PG based on Table Value) * 0.01



6th Edition 2016

Propylene Glycol

Recommended Concentrations:

Minimum: 25% propylene glycol. Less will reduce the inhibitor concentration below effective levels, and also promote the risk of bacterial contamination.

Maximum: 60% propylene glycol. More will increase the viscosity to the point where resistance to flow will become a problem for pumps. General freeze protection will not improve above 60%

Select a concentration that will have a target freezing point about 5˚F below the minimum expected ambient temperature.

TYPICAL FREEZING AND BOILING POINTS, AND IDENTIFICATION DATA FOR AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OF PROPYLENE GLYCOL

FREEZING POINT BOILING POINT

˚F ˚C

WT % PROPYLENE

GLYCOL

VOL % PROPYLENE

GLYCOLVOL %

DOWFROST

˚F @ 760MMHG

BARR˚C @ 0.96

DEGREEBRIX

REFRACTIVEINDEX

32.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 212 100 0.0 1.3328

29.1 -1.6 5.0 4.8 5.0 212 100 4.8 1.3383

26.1 -3.3 10.0 9.6 10.0 212 100 8.4 1.3438

22.9 -5.1 15.0 15.5 15.1 212 100 12.9 1.3495

19.2 -7.1 20.0 19.4 20.3 213 101 15.4 1.3555

14.7 -9.6 25.0 24.4 25.5 214 101 19.0 1.3615

9.2 -12.7 30.0 29.4 30.7 216 102 22.0 1.3675

2.4 -16.4 35.0 34.4 36.0 217 103 26.1 1.3733

-6.0 -21.1 40.0 39.6 41.4 219 104 29.1 1.3790

-16.1 -26.7 45.0 44.7 46.7 220 104 31.8 1.3847

-28.3 -33.5 50.0 49.9 52.2 222 106 34.7 1.3903

-42.8 -41.6 55.0 55.0 57.5 223 106 38.0 1.3956

-59.9 -51.1 60.0 60.0 62.7 225 107 40.6 1.4008

<-60 <-52 65.0 65.0 68.0 227 108 42.1 1.4058

<-60 <-52 70.0 70.0 73.2 230 110 44.1 1.4104

<-60 <-52 75.0 75.0 78.4 237 114 46.1 1.4150

<-60 <-52 80.0 80.0 83.6 245 118 48.0 1.4193

<-60 <-52 85.0 85.0 88.9 257 125 50.0 1.4235

<-60 <-52 90.0 90.0 94.1 270 132 51.4 1.4275

<-60 <-52 95.0 95.0 99.3 310 154 52.8 1.4315

Operating Temperature Range: -50 ºF to 250 ºF

• -50 ºF to 0 ºF – increased viscosity may require stronger pumps

• 150 ºF to 250 ºF – closed system required to reduce oxidation of glycol and inhibitor

Use of make up water is not recommended — it may result in dilution of glycol concentration. Instead, a reservoir of the proper concentration solution should be used to feed make up volumes as needed.

VOLUME OF HEAT TRANSFER FLUID PER LENGTH OF PIPE (schedule 40 steel pipe)

NOMINAL PIPE SIZE (INCH) WALL THICKNESS (INCHES) INSIDE DIAMETER (INCHES) USG PER 100 FT OF PIPE

1/4 0.088 0.364 0.541

3/8 0.091 0.493 .0992

1/2 0.109 0.622 1.579

3/4 0.113 0.824 2.770

1 0.113 1.049 4.490

1 1/4 0.14 1.380 7.770

1 1/2 0.145 1.610 10.576

2 0.154 2.067 17.433

2 1/2 0.203 2.469 24.873

3 0.216 3.068 38.406

3 1/2 0.226 3.548 51.363

4 0.237 4.026 66.135

5 0.258 5.047 103.933

6 0.280 6.065 150.089

8 0.322 7.981 259.897

10 0.365 10.020 409.659

12 0.406 11.938 581.501



6th Edition 2016

Recommendations for Replacement of Entire Charge

• If the concentration changes below the desired range (becomes too dilute)

• If the pH drops below 7 (normal pH range is from 8 and 10). This indicates that the inhibitor has been used up.

• Dark color, oily layer, or strong smell, all of which indicate contamination of the glycol.

Storage of Unused Glycol

There are no limitations on the long-term storage of propylene glycol in the original drums or pails, as long as they are closed to the air. Steel storage tanks, however, may experience corrosion in the vapor space above the liquid since there is no contact with the inhibitor. Provisions should be taken to limit air/moisture exchange into vapor space of the tank.

This information was obtained from the “DowFrost Engineering and Operations Guide”. For more technical information on Propylene Glycol please visit Dow’s website at: www.dowfrost.com

The complete “DowFrost Engineering and Operations Guide” can be found under the Literature tab.

Propylene Glycol

VREGULATORY & LEGISLATIVE ISSUESThe following section is a compilation of EPA publications relating to the HVAC/R industry.

PG: 130-137 COMPLYING WITH SECTION 608 REQUIREMENTS PG: 138-140 THE REFRIGERANT SALES RESTRICTION

PG: 141-142 LEAK REPAIR

PG: 143 CHANGING REFRIGERANT OIL

PG: 144-145 OVERLAP BETWEEN SECTION 608 AND SECTION 609

PG: 146-147 EPA HFC ALLOCATION AND PRE-CHARGED EQUIPMENT RULES

For further information on these publications, or any other regulatory questions, contact the

EPA Stratospheric Hot-line at 1.800.296.1996 or visit the

EPA website: www.epa.gov/ozone



Complying with Section 608 Regulations



6th Edition 2016

This section provides an overview of the refrigerant recycling requirements of Section 608 of the Clean Air Act of 1990, as amended (CAA), including final regulations published on May 14, 1993 (58 FR 28660), August 19, 1994 (59 FR 42950), November 9, 1994 (59 FR 55912), and July 24, 2003 (68 FR 43786). This section also describes the prohibition on intentional refrigerant venting that became effective on July 1, 1992.

• Overview

• Prohibition on Venting

• Regulatory Requirements

• Evacuation Requirements

• Exceptions to Evacuation Requirements

• Reclamation Requirement

• Refrigerant Recovery and Recycling Equipment Certification

• Refrigerant Leaks

• Technician Certification

• Refrigerant Sales Restrictions

• Certification by Owners of Refrigerant Recovery and Recycling Equipment

• Refrigerant Reclaimer Certification

• Safe Disposal Requirements

• Major Recordkeeping Requirements

OVERVIEW

Under Section 608 of the CAA, EPA has established regulations (40 CFR Part 82, Subpart F) that:

• Require service practices that maximize recovery and recycling of ozone-depleting substances (both chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) and their blends) during the servicing and disposal of air-conditioning and refrigeration equipment.

• Set certification requirements for refrigerant recycling and recover equipment, technicians, and refrigerant reclaimers.

• Restrict the sale of refrigerant to certified technicians.

• Require the repair of substantial leaks in air-conditioning and refrigeration equipment with a refrig-erant charge greater than 50 pounds.

• Establish safe disposal requirement to ensure removal of refrigerants from goods that enter the waste stream with the charge intact (e.g., motor vehicle air conditioners, home refrigerators, and room air conditioners.)

Complying with Section 608 Regulations



6th Edition 2016

Regulatory & Legislative Issues

THE PROHIBITION ON VENTING

Effective July 1, 1992, Section 608 of the Act prohibits individuals from intentionally venting ozone-de-pleting substances used as refrigerants (generally CFCs and HCFCs) into the atmosphere while maintain-ing, servicing, repairing, or disposing of air-conditioning or refrigeration equipment (appliances). Only four types of releases are permitted under the prohibition.

1. “De minimis” quantities of refrigerant released in the course of making good faith attempts to recapture and recycle or safely dispose of refrigerant.

2. Refrigerants emitted in the course of normal operation of air-conditioning and refrigeration equipment (as opposed to during the maintenance, servicing, repair or disposal of this equipment) such as from mechanical purging and leaks. However, EPA requires the repair of leaks above a certain size in large equipment. (see Refrigerant Leaks)

3. Releases of CFCs or HCFCs that are not used as refrigerants. For instance, mixtures of nitrogen and R-22 that are used as holding charges or as leak test gases may be released.

4. Small releases of refrigerant that result from purging hoses or from connecting or disconnecting hoses to charge or service appliances will not be considered violations of the prohibition on venting. However, recovery and recycling equipment manufactured after November 15, 1993, must be equipped with low-loss fittings.

REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS

Service Practice Requirements

1. Evacuation Requirements

Technicians are required to evacuate air-conditioning and refrigeration equipment to established vacuum levels when opening the equipment for maintenance, service, repair, or disposal. If the technician’s recovery and/or recycling equipment was manufactured any time before November 15, 1993, the air-conditioning and refrigeration equipment must be evacuated to the levels described in the first column of Table 1. If the technician’s recovery or recycling equipment was manufactured on or after November 15, 1993, the air-conditioning and refrigeration equipment must be evacuated to the levels described in the second column of Table 1, and the recovery or recycling equipment must have been certified by an EPA -approved equipment testing organization.

Technicians repairing small appliances, such as household refrigerators, window air conditioners, and water coolers, must recover:

80 percent of the refrigerant when • the technician uses recovery or recycling equipment manufactured before November 15, 1993, or

• the compressor in the appliance is not operating; OR

90 percent of the refrigerant when • the technician uses recovery or recycling equipment manufactured after November 15, 1993, and

• the compressor in the appliance is operating

In order to ensure that they are recovering the correct percentage of refrigerant, technicians must use the recovery equipment according to the directions of its manufacturer. Technicians may also satisfy recovery requirements by evacuating the small appliance to four inches of mercury vacuum.



6th Edition 2016


2. Exceptions to Evacuation Requirements

EPA has established limited exceptions to its evacuation requirements for 1) repairs to refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment and 2) repairs that are not major and that are not followed by an evacuation of the equipment to the environment.

If, due to leaks, evacuation to the levels in Table 1 is not attainable, or would substantially contaminate the refrigerant being recovered, the persons opening the appliance must:

• isolate leaking from non-leaking components wherever possible;

• evacuate non-leaking components to the levels in Table 1; and

• evacuate leaking components to the lowest level that can be attained without substantially contaminating the refrigerant. This level cannot exceed 0 psig.

If evacuation of the equipment to the environment is not to be performed when repairs are complete, and if the repair is not major, then the appliance must:

• be evacuated to at least 0 psig before it is opened if it is a high or very-high pressure appliance, or

• be pressurized to 0 psig before it is opened if it is a low-pressure appliance. Methods that require subsequent purging (e.g., nitrogen) cannot be used except with appliances containing R-113.

Required Levels of EvacuationREQUIRED LEVELS OF EVACUATION FOR APPLIANCES EXCEPT FOR SMALL APPLIANCES, MVACS, AND MVAC-LIKE APPLIANCES

Type of Appliance

Inches of Mercury Vacuum* using Equipment Manufactured:

Before Nov. 15, 1993 On or After Nov. 15, 1993

HCFC-22 appliance** normally containing less than 200 pounds of refrigerant 0 0

HCFC-22 appliance** normally containing 200 pounds or more of refrigerant 4 10

Other high-pressure appliance** normally containing less than 200 pounds of refrigerant (CFC-12, -500 -502, -114) 4 10

Other high-pressure appliance** normally containing 200 pounds or more of refrigerant (CFC-12, -500 -502, -114) 5 15

Very high pressure appliance (CFC-13-503) 0 0

Low pressure appliance (CFC-11, HCFC-123) 25 25 mm Hg absolute

* Relative to standard atmospheric pressure of 29.9” Hg ** Or isolated component of such an appliance



6th Edition 2016

3. Reclamation Requirement

EPA has also established that refrigerant recovered and/or recycled can be returned to the same system or other systems owned by the same person without restriction. If refrigerant changes ownership, it must be reclaimed (i.e., cleaned to the AHRI 700-1193 Standard of purity) by an EPA certified refrigerant reclaimer.

REFRIGERANT RECOVERY AND RECYCLING EQUIPMENT CERTIFICATION

The Agency has established a certification program for refrigerant recovery and recycling equipment. EPA required that manufacturers or importers of refrigerant recovery and recycling equipment manufac-tured on or after November 15, 1993, have their equipment tested by an EPA-approved testing organi-zation to ensure that it meets EPA requirements. Equipment intended for use with air-conditioning and refrigeration equipment must be tested under EPA requirements based upon the AHRI 740 test protocol (i.e., EPA Appendices B and B1 to 40 CFR 82 subpart F). Recycling and recovery equipment intended for use with small appliances must be tested under EPA Appendix C or alternatively under requirements bases upon the AHRI 740 test protocol (i.e., Appendices B and B1 to 40 CFR 82 subpart F).

The Agency requires recovery efficiency standards that vary depending on the size and type of air-conditioning or refrigeration equipment being serviced. For recovery and recycling equipment intended for use with air-conditioning and refrigeration equipment besides small appliances, these standards are the same as those in the second column of Table 1. Recovery equipment intended for use with small appliances must be able to recover 90 percent of the refrigerant in the small appliance when the compressor is not operating.

EPA has approved both the Air-conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration Institute (AHRI) and Underwriters Laboratories (UL) to certify recycling and recovery equipment. Certified equipment can be identified by a label reading: “This equipment has been certified by ARI/UL to meet EPA’s minimum requirements for recycling and/or recovery equipment intended for use with (appropriate category of appliance — e.g., small appliances, HCFC appliances containing less than 200 pounds of refrigerant, all high-pressure appliances, etc.).” Lists of certified equipment may be obtained by contacting AHRI at (703)524-8800 and UL at (708)272-8800, ext. 42371.

REFRIGERANT LEAKS

Owners or operators of refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment with refrigerant charges greater than 50 pounds are required to repair leaks within 30 days when those leaks result in the loss of more than a certain percentage of the equipment’s refrigerant charge over a year. For the commercial (e.g. grocery stores and warehouses) and industrial process refrigeration sectors, leaks must be repaired within 30 days when the equipment leaks at a rate that would release 35 percent or more of the charge over a year. For all other sectors, including comfort cooling (such as building chillers), leaks must be repaired when the appliance leaks at a rate that would release 15 percent or more of the charge over a year.

The trigger for repair requirements is the current leak rate projected over a consecutive 12-month period rather than the total quantity of refrigerant lost. For instance, owners or operators of a commer-cial refrigeration system containing 100 pounds of charge must repair leaks if they find that the system




6th Edition 2016

has lost 10 pounds of charge over the past month; although 10 pounds represents only 10 percent of the system charge in this case, a leak rate of 10 pounds per month would result in the release of over 100 percent of the charge over the year. To track leak rates, owners or operators of air-conditioning and refrigeration equipment with more than 50 pounds of charge must keep records of the quantity of refrigerant added to their equipment during servicing and maintenance procedures. Owners or opera-tors are required to repair leaks within 30 days of discovery. This requirement is waived if, within 30 days of discovery, owners develop a one-year retrofit or retirement plan for the leaking equipment. Owners of industrial process refrigeration equipment may qualify for additional time under certain circumstanc-es. For example, if an industrial process shutdown is required to repair a leak, owners have 120 days to repair the leak. Owners of industrial process refrigeration equipment should reference the Compliance Assistance Guidance Document for Industrial Process Refrigeration Leak Repair for additional informa-tion concerning time extensions and pertinent recordkeeping and reporting requirements.

The leak repair regulations do not apply to refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment with refrig-erant charge sizes less than 50 pounds (such as residential split air-conditioning systems). However, smaller equipment is not exempt from the refrigerant venting prohibition. EPA regulations prohibit the intentional release of all refrigerants during the maintenance, service, repair, or disposal of air- conditioning and refrigeration equipment.

TECHNICIAN CERTIFICATION For additional information see Leak Repair on page 141.

EPA has established a technician certification program for persons (”technicians”) who perform main-tenance, service, repair, or disposal that could be reasonably expected to release refrigerants into the atmosphere. The definition of “technician” specifically includes and excludes certain activities as follows:

Included:

• attaching and detaching hoses and gauges to and from the appliance to measure pressure within the appliance;

• adding refrigerant to (for example “topping off”) or removing refrigerant from the appliance.

• any other activity that violates the integrity of the MVAC-like appliances, and small appliances.

In addition, apprentices are exempt from certification requirements provided the apprentice is closely and continually supervised by a certified technician.

The Agency has developed four types of certification:

1. For servicing small appliances (Type I)

2. For servicing or disposing of high or very high-pressure appliances, except small appliances and MVACs (Type II)

3. For servicing or disposing of low-pressure appliances (Type III).

4. For servicing all types of equipment (Universal).

Technicians are required to pass an EPA-approved test given by an EPA-approved certifying organization to become certified under the mandatory program. Section 608 Technician Certification credentials do not expire.




6th Edition 2016

TECHNICIAN CERTIFICATION (SECTION 608): Steps for Replacing a Lost Card

Step 1: Is your testing organization that issued your certification still in business? Check the list of certifying organizations that are still operating.

Yes, my organization is still operating. Go to that organization and get a replacement card. They are required to maintain records of people issued cards.

No. — Go to Step 2.

Step 2: Do you have documentation from your original testing organization that demonstrates successful completion of the Section 608 Technician Certification exam? Do you or a current or former employer have a copy of your lost card?

Yes. I have documentation from my original testing organization. Go to the list of certifying organizations that will replace cards. Send a copy of your documentation to one of the organizations (who have volunteered to make cards for people who can’t get them from their certifying organization) on the list. They will issue you a new card and they will maintain a record of your certification.


Step 3: Is the record of your certification in our centralized files which were compiled from data submitted by certifying organizations that have gone out of business? Go to the list of certifying organizations that have closed.

Yes, the record of my certification is in the data submitted by companies that have gone out of business. Download and complete the Assistance with Obtaining a Replacement card form (PDF, 1pp., 14K, about PDF). After completing the form mail or fax it to the Section 608 Technician Certi-fication Program Manager. Once it is received EPA will contact you with information on how to obtain a replacement card.


Step 4: If you cannot answer “yes” to any of the steps above, EPA will not issue a replacement card. You will need to retake the Section certification test. Please go to the Section 608 Technician Certification Programs page to find testing organizations which meet your needs.

REFRIGERANT SALES RESTRICTIONS*

The sale of ozone-depleting refrigerant (such as R-11, R-12, and R-22) in any size container has been restricted to technicians certified either under the program described in Technician Certification above or under EPA’s motor vehicle air conditioning regulations. The sales restriction covers ozone-depleting refrigerant contained in bulk containers, such as cans, cylinders, or drums.

The restriction excludes refrigerant contained in refrigerators or air conditioners with fully assembled refrigerant circuits (such as household refrigerators, window air conditioners, and packaged air conditioners), and HFC refrigerants (such as R-134a and R-410A).




6th Edition 2016

Under Section 609 of the clean Air Act, sales of CFC-12 in containers smaller than 20 pounds are restrict-ed solely to technicians certified under EPA’s motor vehicle air-conditioning regulations (ie., Section 609 certified technicians). Technicians certified under EPA’s stationary refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment (i.e., section 608 certified technicians) may buy containers of CFC-12 larger than 20 pounds.

Section 609 technicians are only allowed to purchase refrigerants that are suitable for use in motor vehicle air-conditioners. Effective September 22, 2003, EPA has restricted the sale of ozone-depleting refrigerants, approved for use in stationary refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment, to Section 608 certified technicians. Therefore, the sale of ozone-depleting refrigerants (such as HCFC-22) that are approved for use in stationary equipment but not for use in motor vehicle air-conditioners is restricted to Section 608 certified technicians.

For additional information see The Refrigerant Sales Restriction on page 138. * Additional restrictions apply in California.

CERTIFICATION BY OWNERS OF REFRIGERANT RECOVERY AND RECYCLING EQUIPMENT

EPA requires that persons servicing, disposing, or recycling air-conditioning and refrigeration equip-ment certify to the appropriate EPA Regional Office that they have acquired (built, bought, or leased) refrigerant recovery or recycling equipment and that they are complying with the applicable require-ments of this rule. This certification must be signed by the owner of the owner of the equipment or an-other responsible officer and sent to the appropriate EPA Regional Office. Although owners of recycling and recovery equipment are required to list the number of trucks based at their shops, they do not need to have a piece of recycling or recovery equipment for every truck. Owners do have to send in a new form each time they add recycling or recovery equipment to their inventory.

REFRIGERANT RECLAIMER CERTIFICATION

Refrigerant reclaimers are companies that reprocess used refrigerant back to virgin specifications. EPA restricts the resale of used refrigerant to a new owner, unless it has been reclaimed by an EPA certified refrigerant reclaimer. Reclaimers are required to return refrigerant to the purity level specified in AHRI Standard 700 (an industry-set purity standard) and to verify this purity using the laboratory protocol set forth in the same standard. In order to be recognized by EPA, refrigerant reclaimers must certify to the Section 608 Recycling Program Manager at EPA headquarters that they are complying with these requirements and that the information given is true and correct. Certification must also include the name and address of the reclaimer and a list of equipment used to process and to analyze the refrigerant.

SAFE DISPOSAL REQUIREMENTS

Refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment that is typically dismantled on-site before disposal (e.g., retail food refrigeration, central residential air conditioning, chillers, and industrial process refrigeration) has to have the refrigerant recovered in accordance with EPA ‘s requirements for servicing prior to their disposal. However, equipment that typically enters the waste stream with the charge intact, (e.g. motor vehicle air conditioners, household refrigerators and freezers, and room air conditioners) are subject to special safe disposal requirements.




6th Edition 2016

Under these requirements, the final person in the disposal chain (e.g., a scrap metal recycler or landfill owner) is responsible for ensuring that refrigerant is recovered from equipment before the final dis-posal of the equipment. If the final person in the disposal chain accepts appliances that no longer hold a refrigerant charge, that person is responsible for maintaining a signed statement from whom the appliance/s is being accepted. The signed statement must include the name and address of the person who recovered the refrigerant, and the date that the refrigerant was recovered, or a copy of a contract stating that the refrigerant will be removed prior to delivery. EPA does not mandate a sticker as a form of verification that the refrigerant has been removed prior to disposal of the appliance. Such stickers do not relieve the final disposer of their responsibility to recover any remaining refrigerant in the appliance, unless the sticker consists of a signed statement that includes the name and address of the person who recovered the refrigerant, and the date that the refrigerant was recovered.

Technician certification is not required for individuals removing refrigerant from small appliances, motor vehicle air conditioners, and motor vehicle-like air conditioners, when preparing them for disposal. However, the equipment used to recover refrigerant from appliances prior to their final disposal must meet the same performance standards as refrigerant recovery equipment used prior to servicing. Per-sons involved in the final disposal of appliances must certify to their EPA Regional Office that they have obtained and are properly using EPA certified refrigerant recovery equipment.

MAJOR RECORDKEEPING REQUIREMENTS

Technicians servicing appliances that contain 50 or more pounds of refrigerant must provide the owner with an invoice that indicates the amount of refrigerant added to the appliance. Technicians must also keep a copy of their proof of certification at their place of business.

Owners or Operators of appliances that contain 50 or more pounds of refrigerant must keep servicing records documenting the date and type of service, as well as the quantity of refrigerant added.

Wholesalers who sell CFC and HCFC refrigerants must retain invoices that indicate the name of the purchases, the date of sale, and the quantity of refrigerant purchased.

Reclaimers must maintain records of the names and addresses of persons sending them material for reclamation and the quantity of material sent to them for recla-mation. This information must be maintained on a transactional basis. Within 30 days of the end of the calendar year, reclaimers must report to EPA the total quantity of material sent to them that year for reclamation, the mass of refrigerant reclaimed that year, and the mass of waste products generated that year.




6th Edition 2016

The Refrigerant Sales Restriction

The following questions and answers provide information about the restriction on sales of refrigerant to Section 608 or 609 certified technicians. A table summarizing this sales restriction is found here.

What does the sales restriction cover?

This sales restriction covers all CFC and HCFC refrigerants contained in bulk containers (such as cylinders, cans or drums). Refrigerant blends containing HCFCs (such as FRIGC FR-12, Free Zone, Hot Shot® or R-414B, GHG-X4 or R-414A, Freeze 12) are also covered under this sales restriction.

This sales restriction does not cover refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment or components containing an ozone-depleting refrigerant (such as components of residential split systems containing HCFC-22, also called R-22). Nor does the restriction cover the retail sale of air-conditioning and refrigera-tion appliances containing CFC or HCFC refrigerants (such as window air conditioners).

However, as of January 1, 2010, EPA banned the import and production of air-conditioning and refriger-ation appliances and appliance components that are pre-charged with R-22. More information on EPA’s rule banning the sale of pre-charged appliances and appliance components is found here.

EPA has previously banned the sale and distribution of refrigeration and air-conditioning appliances containing CFCs (such as R-12), under the Nonessential Products Ban.

What type of certification is required to purchase refrigerant?

The following people can buy any type of ozone-depleting refrigerant under this sales restriction (for instance, R-11, R-12, R-123, R-22), except for “small cans” containing less than 20 pounds of R-12:

• Technicians certified to service stationary refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment by a Section 608 EPA-certified testing organization; and

• Employers of a Section 608 certified technician (or the employer’s authorized representative) if the employer provides the wholesaler with written evidence that he or she employs at least one properly certified technician.

The following people can buy refrigerant found acceptable for use in a motor vehicle air conditioner (MVAC), including “small cans” containing less than 20 pounds of R-12:

• Technicians certified to service motor vehicle air-conditioners by a Section 609 EPA-certified testing organization.

Can Section 609 certified technicians purchase R-22?

Effective, September 22, 2003, EPA has limited the sale of ozone-depleting refrigerants intended for use with stationary refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment to section 608 technicians. Therefore, section 609 technicians cannot purchase R-22, regardless of container size.

Note, that for purposes of maintenance, repair, service, or disposal, that buses using R-22 are not defined as MVACs; therefore, Section 608 certification (Type II or Universal) is required to service buses using R-22.




6th Edition 2016

Does the sales restriction apply to HFC refrigerants?

This sales restriction only applies to refrigerants consisting of an ozone-depleting substance. Therefore, HFC refrigerants such as R-134a, and HFC refrigerant blends that do not contain an ozone-depleting substance, such as R-404A and R-410A, are not currently covered under this sales restriction.

Refrigerant blends that consist of an HFC and an ozone-depleting substance (such as, FRIGC FR-12, Free Zone, Hot Shot® or R-414B, GHG-X4 or R-414A, Freeze 12) are captured under this sales restriction. Section 608 or 609 technician certification is required to purchase these refrigerants.

Is it legal to intentionally release refrigerants that are not captured under the sales restriction?

It is illegal to intentionally release any refrigerant during the maintenance, service, repair or disposal of refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment, unless EPA determines that such a release does not pose a threat to the environment. It is illegal to intentionally vent all CFC, HCFC, and HFC refrigerants including, but not limited to, R-12, R-22, R-134a, R-404A, and R-410A.

What precautions must wholesalers take to ensure that persons who claim that they are purchasing refrigerant only for resale to certified technicians are actually doing so?

Wholesalers are legally responsible for ensuring that people who purchase refrigerant from them fit into one of the categories of people who can purchase refrigerant under the sales restriction (see the second question and answer above). Although the regulation does not specify precautions that whole-salers must take to verify the intent of individuals purchasing refrigerant for resale, EPA recommends that wholesalers who sell refrigerant for resale obtain at least a signed statement from the purchaser. This statement would state that the purchaser is purchasing the refrigerant only for eventual resale to certified technicians.

I understand that EPA recommends that wholesalers keep a list of persons (either by name or job title) who are authorized to pick up refrigerant for contractors who employ certified technicians. What if a contractor sends someone, such as a family member, to pick up refrigerant who is not on the list? What if a contractor wishes to have refrigerant delivered to his place of business when no employees or other authorized persons are present?

Under the regulations, wholesalers “may sell refrigerant to the purchaser or his authorized representa-tive” if the purchaser provides evidence that he employs at least one certified technician. It is the whole-saler’s responsibility to determine whether persons who claim to represent a refrigerant purchaser are indeed authorized representatives; EPA recommends, but does not require, that wholesalers keep lists of authorized representatives to help with this determination. Thus, if a wholesaler knows that a certain person is an authorized representative of a purchaser, then the wholesaler may sell that person refriger-ant as the representative, even if the person does not appear on the list of representatives.

Similarly, if a wholesaler knows that refrigerant delivered to the location of a purchaser when no one is present will ultimately be received by the purchaser or his authorized representative, then the whole-saler may deliver the refrigerant without obtaining the signature of an authorized representative.




6th Edition 2016

Do wholesalers have to record the quantity of refrigerant sold in a pre-charged part?

Under the regulations, any persons who sell CFC or HCFC refrigerants must retain invoices that indicate the name of the purchaser, the date of sale, and the quantity of refrigerant purchased. This applies to refrigerants contained in pre-charged parts as well as refrigerants contained in cylinders or drums. However, EPA recognizes that while the quantity of refrigerant contained in a pre-charged part may be standardized by the make and model of the part, this quantity may not be immediately obvious to the wholesaler. Therefore, rather than attempt to estimate the quantity of refrigerant in a pre-charged part, wholesalers may simply record the identity of the pre-charged part (e.g., make, model, and number) along with the purchaser and date of sale. EPA believes that most invoices already contain this information.

Does the sales restriction also apply to internet sales?

Yes, for refrigerant sales EPA considers persons selling via internet sites, auctions, classified ads, and other means as wholesalers who must comply with the recordkeeping requirements for sales of ozone-depleting refrigerant.




6th Edition 2016

Leak Repair

This page is a brief overview of the leak repair requirements for appliances containing class I or class II refrigerants (e.g. CFCs, HCFCs, or blends). Many other aspects of the requirements, particularly information on recordkeeping and reporting, are discussed in the general section 608 rule summary. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Chemical Manufacturer’s Association (CMA) have developed a guidance document titled Compliance Guidance For Industrial Process Refrigeration Leak Repair Regulations Under Section 608 of the Clean Air Act that provides far greater detail than this overview. The guidance document is intended for those persons who are responsible for complying with the requirements. The guidance should not be used to replace the actual regulations published in the Federal Register on August 8, 1995 (60 FR 40420); however, it can act as a supplement to explain the requirements. Reliance on this fact sheet alone will likely not result in compliance.

Go to the EPA website to download the Self-Audit Checklist For Industrial Process Refrigeration Leak Repair Regulations Under Section 608 of the Clean Air Act. www.epa.gov/ozone/title6/608/compguid/SelfAuditChecklist.pdf (28 pp, 68 kb)

Introduction

The leak repair requirements, promulgated under Section 608 of the Clean Air Act, require that when an owner or operator of an appliance that normally contains a refrigerant charge of more than 50 pounds discovers that refrigerant is leaking at a rate that would exceed the applicable trigger rate during a 12-month period, the owner or operator must take corrective action.

Trigger Rates

For all appliances that have a refrigerant charge of more than 50 pounds, the following leak rates for a 12-month period are applicable:

APPLIANCE TYPE TRIGGER LEAK RATE

Commercial refrigeration 35%

Industrial process refrigeration 35%

Comfort cooling 15%

All other appliances 15%

In general, owners or operators must either repair leaks within thirty days from the date the leak was discovered, or develop a dated retrofit/retirement plan within thirty days and complete actions under that plan within one year from the plan’s date. However, for industrial process refrigeration equipment and some federally-owned chillers, additional time may be available.

Industrial process refrigeration is defined as complex customized appliances used in the chemical, pharmaceutical, petrochemical, and manufacturing industries. These appliances are directly linked to the industrial process. This sector also includes industrial ice machines, appliances used directly in the generation of electricity, and ice rinks. If at least 50 percent of an appliance’s capacity is used in an industrial process refrigeration application, the appliance is considered industrial process refrigeration equipment and the trigger rate is 35 percent.




6th Edition 2016

Industrial process refrigeration equipment and federally-owned chillers must conduct initial and follow-up verification tests at the conclusion of any repair efforts. These tests are essential to ensure that the repairs have been successful. In cases where an industrial process shutdown is required, a repair period of 120 days is substituted for the normal 30-day repair period. Any appliance that requires additional time may be subject to recordkeeping/reporting requirements.

When Additional Time is Necessary

Additional time is permitted for conducting leak repairs where the necessary repair parts are unavail-able or if other applicable federal, state, or local regulations make a repair within 30/120 days impos-sible. If owners or operators choose to retrofit or retire appliances, a retrofit or retirement plan must be developed within 30 days of detecting a leak rate that exceeds the trigger rates. A copy of the plan must be kept on site and the original plan must be made available to EPA upon request. Activities under the plan must be completed within 12 months (from the date of the plan). If a request is made within 6 months from the expiration of the initial 30-day period, additional time beyond the 12-month period is available for owners or operators of industrial process refrigeration equipment and federally-owned chillers in the following cases: EPA will permit additional time to the extent reasonably necessary where a delay is caused by the requirements of other applicable federal, state, or local regulations; or where a suitable replacement refrigerant, in accordance with the regulations promulgated under Section 612, is not available; and EPA will permit one additional 12-month period where an appliance is custom-built and the supplier of the appliance or a critical component has quoted a delivery time of more than 30 weeks from when the order was placed, (assuming the order was placed in a timely manner). In some cases, EPA may provide additional time beyond this extra year where a request is made by the end of the 9th month of the extra year.

Relief from Retrofit/Retirement

The owners or operators of industrial process refrigeration equipment or federally-owned chillers may be relieved from the retrofit or repair requirements if:

• second efforts to repair the same leaks that were subject to the first repair efforts are successful; or

• within 180 days of the failed follow-up verification test, the owners or operators determine the leak rate is below 35 percent. In this case, the owners or operators must notify EPA as to how this determination will be made, and must submit the information within 30 days of the failed verification test.

System Mothballing

For all appliances subject to the leak repair requirements, the timelines may be suspended if the appli-ance has undergone system mothballing. System mothballing means the intentional shutting down of a refrigeration appliance undertaken for an extended period of time where the refrigerant has been evacuated from the appliance or the affected isolated section of the appliance to at least atmospheric pressure. However, the timelines pick up again as soon as the system is brought back on-line.




6th Edition 2016

Changing Refrigerant Oil

The requirements of Section 608 of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 (the Act) and the implement-ing regulations cover refrigerant contained with oil. The oil in a refrigeration appliance may contain large amounts of dissolved refrigerant. EPA requires a reduction in the pressure prior to an oil change to ensure that the bulk of the refrigerant contained in the oil is recovered. Pressure must be reduced to a maximum of 5 psig. This reduction in pressure will greatly reduce refrigerant emissions while permitting a slight positive pressure to force the oil from the compressor.

There are two acceptable procedures for recovery of refrigerant contained in oil:

• Evacuate (or pressurize) the refrigeration appliance, or isolated portion, to a pressure no greater than 5 psig and then remove the oil; or

• Drain the oil into a system receiver to be evacuated (or pressurized) to a pressure no greater than 5 psig.

These procedures minimize the loss of refrigerant from the oil and the interior of the refrigeration appliance while the oil is drained. It is a violation to change oil at higher than 5 psig.

For further information concerning stratospheric ozone, copies of regulations or fact sheets, please call the Stratospheric Ozone Information Hotline at 1 (800) 296-1996.

Questions concerning the proper disposal of oil should be forwarded to the RCRA Hotline at (800) 424-9346 or TDD at (800) 553-7672.




6th Edition 2016

Section 608 of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 directs EPA to establish requirements to prevent the release of ozone-depleting substances during the servicing, repair, or disposal of appliances and industrial process refrigeration. Section 609 of the Act establishes standards specifically for the service of motor vehicle air conditioners (MVACs). MVACs are included in the definition of appliances set forth in section 608; however, since their service and repair are regulated under section 609, they are not subject to the servicing requirements under section 608. Procedures involving MVACs that are not covered by section 609, such as the disposal of MVACs and the purchase of refrigerant for use in MVACs, are covered by section 608. Below is information concerning specific areas where the overlap between these two sets of regulations may require additional clarification.

Technician Certification

Both regulations require that technicians become certified. Technicians who repair or service MVACs must be trained and certified by an EPA-approved section 609 program. These programs are specifically designed to cover MVAC recycling equipment in accordance with Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) standards and section 609 regulatory requirements. After completing a required training program, MVAC technicians must pass a test to become certified. These tests are different from the section 608 certification tests .

Under section 608, EPA has established four types of certification for technicians who service and repair appliances other than MVACs. These technicians must be certified by passing a test in the appropriate area. All training and review classes for section 608 are voluntary; only passing the test is mandatory. The four categories of certification are:

• Type I = small appliances

• Type II = high-pressure appliances, except small appliances and MVACs

• Type III = low-pressure appliances

• Type IV (Universal) = all appliances except MVACs

In addition, people who service or repair MVAC-like appliances (e.g., farm equipment and other off-road vehicles) can choose to be certified under either the section 609 program or the section 608 Type II program. Due to similarities between MVACs and MVAC-like appliances, EPA recommends that technicians servicing MVAC-like appliances consider certification under section 609. Note that while buses using CFC-12 are MVACs, buses using HCFC-22 are not MVACs or MVAC-like appliances, but rather are high-pressure equipment covered under Type II of the section 608 test.

Sales Restriction

Under EPA regulations, only certified technicians may purchase refrigerants consisting whole or in part of CFC or HCFC refrigerants.

Section 608 technician certification is required in order to purchase CFC or HCFC containing refrigerants, with the exception of small containers (less than 20 lbs.) of CFC-12 or EPA-approved substitutes for MVACs containing an ozone-depleting substance (for example, Autofrost, Chill-it, HotShot, FR-12, Freeze 12).

Overlap between Section 608 and Section 609




6th Edition 2016

Section 609 technician certification is required in order to purchase CFC-12 or EPA-approved substitutes for MVACs containing an ozone-depleting substance (for example, Autofrost, Chill-it, HotShot, FR-12, Freeze 12). Section 609 technicians cannot purchase HCFC-22 in any size container.

Recordkeeping

Section 608 requires that all persons who sell CFC and HCFC refrigerants, and blends thereof, retain invoices that indicate the name of the purchaser, the date of the sale, and the quantity of the refrigerant purchased. These requirements are for all sales affected by section 608.

However, since the sale of small containers of ozone-depleting MVAC refrigerants is restricted to section 609 technicians, these recordkeeping requirements do not apply to the sale of small containers of these refrigerants.

Therefore, while records must be maintained for the sale of all other refrigerants in any size container, and for the sale of ozone depleting MVAC refrigerants in containers of 20 pounds or more, it is not necessary to maintain records for the sale of small containers of ozone-depleting MVAC refrigerants when they are sold to persons servicing MVACs. For more information about recordkeeping, see the fact sheet Recordkeeping Requirements for Refrigerant Retailers




6th Edition 2016

1) Allocation Rule: Adjustments to the Allowance System for Controlling HCFC Production, Import & Export allocates the production and import of HCFCs including R-22, R-142b, R-123 and R-124 for 2010 through 2014.

ALLOCATION RULE

EPA is allocating 80% of the estimated quantity of R-22 needed for after-market servicing in 2010 and will decrease the allocation each year so that the supply of R-22 will be less than the estimated demand. EPA will issue allocations for 2015-2019 at a later date based on projected servicing demand for those years.

Virgin R-123 and R-124 are allowed in newly manufactured appliances until January 1,2020.

2) Precharged Equipment Rule: Ban of the Sale or Distribution of Precharged Equipment establishes regulations related to the sale or distribution or offer for sale or distribution in interstate commerce of air conditioning and refrigeration appliances containing R-22, R-142b and blends containing these refrigerants beginning January 1, 2010.

EPA DEFINITION OF APPLIANCE, COMPONENT AND MANUFACTURED:

Appliance: Any device which contains and uses a refrigerant and which is used for household or commercial purposes, including air conditioners, refrigerators, chillers and freezers.

Component: Any portion of the refrigerant circuitry that is necessary for the appliance to function in its intended purpose (examples: condenser, evaporator, compressor, TXV, line set, coil)

Manufactured: The date of manufacture is when the appliance meets the following four criteria: 1) Refrigerant circuit is complete 2) Appliance is charged with refrigerant 3) Appliance can function 4) Appliance is ready for use for its intended purpose

EPA HCFC Allocation and Precharged Equipment Rules

EPA Final Allocation Rule for R-22 supply through 2020 (millions of pounds)

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

55.4 M 62.7 M 51.0 M 22.0 M 17.6 M 13.2 M 8.8 M 4.4 M 0




6th Edition 2016

PRECHARGED EQUIPMENT RULE

The Precharged Equipment Rule prohibits the precharging of all air conditioning and refrigeration appliances and components by OEMs beginning January 1, 2010.

The prohibition ....

» Does not apply to precharged appliances and components that were manufactured prior to January 1, 2010

» Does not prohibit the sale or distribution of pre-2010 inventory

» Allows the sale and distribution of uncharged appliances and components

» Allows use of reclaimed R-22 to field charge appliances manufactured after January 1, 2010

» Allows uncharged components to be charged with virgin or reclaimed refrigerant if used for service only

Precharged Appliances & Components manufactured before January 1, 2010

» No restriction on sale or distribution

» Precharged components can only be used to service existing appliances

» Virgin or reclaimed refrigerant can be used to service existing appliances

Appliances & Components manufactured after January 1, 2010

» Appliances cannot be initially charged with virgin refrigerant, reclaimed refrigerant is okay

» Components can be charged with virgin refrigerant if being used for service of existing appliance; otherwise, charge only with reclaimed refrigerant

Important Exceptions

1) Virgin R-22 may be used for the on-site manufacture (i.e. installation) of appliances for a specific project if the components being used on that project were manufactured before January 1, 2010 and if a building permit or contract was issued and dated prior to January 1, 2010. Projects that qualify for this exception must be completed by December 31, 2011.

2) Thermostatic expansion valve (TXV) manufacturers can use R-22 manufactured before January 1, 2010 to produce precharged TXVs until January 1, 2015.

HCFC Rules




6th Edition 2016

Notes

RefGuideINT-2016.pdf - National Refrigerants Ltd

Documents

Transcript of RefGuideINT-2016.pdf - National Refrigerants Ltd