Product profile on Pulses

1. Production and Export/import of Pulses

1.1 India is the largest producer and importer of pulses. Tur

(Pigeon pea), Gram (Chickpea), Urad (Black gram), Moong (Green

gram), Masoor (lentils) and Peas are major pulses. Production of

pulses increased significantly in 2010-11 to 18.2 million MT

compared to 14.7 million MT in the previous year. But it has

stagnated at that level (in fact a little lower) in 2011-12 and

2012-13. Targeted production of pulses in 2012-13 is 17.52 million

MT. State-wise production of different pulses is given at annex I.

Production of total pulses since 2000-01 is shown in the following

chart:

1.2 Production of different pulses since 2000-01 is shown the following

chart:

2. Export/import/domestic availability of pulses

2.1 Export of pulses except Kabuli chana has been banned since

2006. Policy on export/import of pulses may be seen at annexure I.

Export of Kabuli chana in the year 2011-12 was 1.70 lakh MT

compared to export of 2.01 lakh MT in 2010-11 and 0.95 lakh MT in

2009-10.

2.2 Import of pulses in 2011-12 was 34.96 lakh MT compared to

import of 27.80 lakh MT, in 2010-11 and 37.64 lakh MT in 2009-10.

Import in 20010-11 had come down due to significant increase in

production.

2.3 Total availability of pulses for domestic consumption

(production + imports- exports) in 2011-12 was 205.26 lakh MT

which is close to availability of pulses in the previous year. A

summary position of production, export & imports and net

availability is presented in the following table:

Qty in lakh MT) Pulses 2005-

062006-07

2007-08

2008-09

2009-10

2010-11

2011-12

2012-13

Production 133.9 142.0 147.6

145.7 147.0

182.4 172.10

175.20(T)

Export 4.54 2.64 1.82 1.45 1.29 2.06 1.75 0.66 (Apr-Sep)

Import 19.94 25.04 29.45

25.8 37.64

27.80 34.96

16.74 (Apr-Sep)

Total Availability

149.3 164.4 175.23

170.05

183.35

208.14

205.31

191.28(Apr-Sep)

3.0 Export/import/domestic availability of different pulses

Production and export/import of major pulses grown in India

is given the following tables:

3.1 Tur

(Qty in lakh MT) Tur 2005

-062006-07

2007-08

2008-09

2009-10

2010-11

2011-12

2012-13

Production 27.4 23.1 30.8 22.7 24.6 28.6

26.50

27.80

Export 0.3 0.2 0.002 0.001 0.003 Neg 0.007

0.006 (Apr-Sep)

Import 2.3 2.5 3.1 5.0 3.9 3.5 4.70 2.80 (Apr-Sep)

Total Availability

29.6 26.0 33.9 27.7 28.5 32.1 31.19

30.59(Apr-Sep)

3.2 Gram(Qty in lakh MT)

 Gram 2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

2008-09

2009-10

2010-11

2011-12

2012-13

Production 56.0 63.3 57.5 70.6 74.8 82.20 75.80

79.60(T)

Export 0.40 0.60 1.60 1.30 0.95 2.01 1.70 0.62 (Apr-Sep)

Import 2.80 1.30 1.50 2.00 3.40 1.00 2.06 0.90 (Apr-Sep)

Total Availability

56.90 64.20 57.90 72.7 74.85 80.67 76.16 79.88(Apr-Sep)

3.3 Urad and Moong(Quantity in lakh MT)

 Urad and Moong

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

2008-09

2009-10

2010-11

2011-12 2012-13

Production 22.0 25.6 29.8 22.1 19.2 35.6 35.40 31.60(T

)Export Neg Neg Neg Neg Neg Neg 0.008 0.009

(Apr-Sep)

Import 0.8 3.3 3.3 4.4 7.1 4.3 4.30 2.98 (Apr-Sep)

Total Availability

22.8 28.9 33.1 26.5 26.3 39.9 39.69 34.57(Apr-Sep)

3.4 Other Pulses ( Rajama, Yellow Peas)(Quantity in lakh MT)

Other pulses

2005-06

2006-07

2007-08

2008-09

2009-10

2010-11

2011-12

2012-13

Other Kharif 5.4 7.1 9.5 8 5.1 13.3 9.30

15.30(T)

Other Rabi 23.1 22.9 20 22.3 22.9 22.7 25.0

23.10(T)

Total Other 28.5 30 29.5 30.3 28 36 34.30

38.40(T)

Export 2.8 1.2 Neg Neg Neg Neg 0.04 0.03 (Apr-Sep)

Import 14.0 17.9 21.5 14.4 23.3 19 23.90 10.06 (Apr-Sep)

Total Availability

38.44 46.63 51.05 44.7 51.22 53 58.16 48.43(Apr-Sep)

4.0 Production in major exporting countries

4.1 Canada

qty in thousand MTGrain and Production Imports Total

Supply Exports Average

Price$/MT Crop Year

Dry Peas           2011-2012 2,502 12 3,049 2,096 3102012-2013f 2,830 20 3,125 2,300 310-340Lentils           2011-2012 1,523 11 2,252 1,148 4702012-2013f 1,473 10 2,166 1,300 405-435Chickpeas            2011-2012 86 11 119 37 8302012-2013f 158 8 177 45 700-730Total Pulses and Special Crops       2011-2012 4,551 123 6,161 3,779  2012-2013f 5,072 132 6,284 4,160  

4.2 Australia2007–08 2008–09 2009–10 2010–11 2011–12

s2012–13f

Pulses (in Thousand MT) Production – field peas 268 238 356 395 342 320– chickpeas 313 443 487 513 485 713Apparent domestic use d

– field peas 126 102 194 92 127 120– chickpeas 1 1 1 1 1 1Exports – field peas 141 137 162 302 215 200– chickpeas 222 506 492 461 598 712

5.0 Prices of different pulses in major markets: 5.1 Gram

5.2 Peas

5.3 Tur

5.4 Red Lentils

5.5 Moong

5.6 Urad

6. Policy Measures on Pulses

S.No. Date/ Notification no.

Policy measures

1 08.06.2006 Notification No.57/2006-Customs

Import duty on pulses (0713) is reduced tozero, when imported through customs ports having capacity to handle bulk imports

2 27.06. 2006 DGFT Notification No. 15 (RE-2006)/2004-2009

Export of pulses prohibited. This prohibition shall remain for a period of six months from the date of issue of notification.

3 03.07.2006 DGFT’sNotification no. 17 (RE-2006)/2004-2009

The period of validity of prohibition on exports of Pulses extended upto 31.3.2007

4 09.03.2007 DGFT Notification No. 53 (RE-06)/2004-2009

The period of validity of prohibition on exports of Pulses(except Kabuli Chana) extended upto 31.3.2008 and the transitional arrangements under Para 1.5 of the Foreign Trade Policy, 2004-2009, asamended from time to time, shall not be applicable for export of Pulses.

5 01.04.2008 DGFT Notification No. 91 (RE-2007)/2004-2009

The period of validity of prohibition on exports of Pulses (except Kabuli Chana) extended upto 31.3.2009.

6 15.05.2008 DGFT Notification No. 9 (RE-2008)/2004-2009

The prohibition on export of pulses shall not apply to export of 1000 MTs of Pulses to Bhutan.

27.03.09 Notification no. 99 (RE-2008)/2004-2009

The period of validity of prohibition on exports of Pulses (except Kabuli Chana) extended upto 31.3.2010.

23.03.2011 Notification No 35 (RE –

(i) The period of validity of prohibition on exports of Pulses is extended upto 31.3.2012. This prohibition will not apply

2010)/2009-2014 to export of (1) Kabuli Chana (ii) 10,000 tonnes of organic pulses during 2011-12. Export of organic pulses shall be subject to following conditions:(a) Quantity limit shall be 10,000 tonnes upto 31.03.2012;(b) It should be duly certified by APEDA as being organic pulses;(c) Export contracts should be registered with APEDA, New Delhi prior to shipment;(d) Exports shall be allowed only from Customs EDI Ports.”

27.3.2012 Notification No 109 (RE – 2010)/2009-2014

Prohibition on export of pulses has been extended by one more year; from 31.03.2012to 31.03.2013. But, there are two exceptions to this. One is export of Kabuli Chana. Second is export of Organic Pulses and lentils; but with a ceiling of 10,000 MTs per annum and subject to certain conditions mentioned above.

7. Present Policy

7.1 Import:

0713 DRIED LEGUMINOUS VEGETABLES, SHELLED, WHETHER OR NOT SKINNED OR SPLIT

0713 10 00 Peas (Pisum sativum) Free 0713 20 00 Chickpeas (garbanzos) Free Beans (Vigna spp., Phaseolus spp. ): 0713 31 00 Beans of the species Vigna mungo

(L. ) Hepper or Vigna radiata (L. ) Wilczek Free

0713 32 00 Small red (Adzuki) beans (Phaseolus or Vigna

Free

0713 33 00 Kidney beans, including white peabeans (Phaseolus vulgaris)

Free

0713 34 00 Bambara beans (Vigna subterranea or Voandzeia subterranea)

Free

0713 35 00 Cow peas (Vigna unguiculata) Free 0713 39 Other: 0713 39 10 Guar Seeds Free 0713 39 90 Other Free 0713 40 00 Lentils Free 0713 50 00 Broad beans (Vicia faba var major) and

horse beans (Vicia faba var equina, Vicia faba var minor)

Free

0713 60 00 Pigeon peas (Cajanus cajan) Free 0713 90 Other: 0713 90 10 Split Free 0713 90 90 Other Free

7.2 Export:

Tariff Item HSCode

Unit

Item Description Export Policy

Nature of Restriction

0713 Kg. Dried Leguminous Vegetables, Shelled, whether or not skinnedor split

Prohibited

Not permitted to be exported.

0713 10 00 Kg. Peas (Pisum sativum) Prohibited

Not permitted to be exported.

0713 20 00 Kg. Chickpeas (garbanzos) Prohibi Not permitted

Beans (Vigna spp., Phaseolus spp.):

ted to be exported.

0713 31 00 Kg. Beans of the species Vigna mungo (L.)Hepper or Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek

Prohibited

Not permitted to be exported.

0713 32 00 Kg. Small red ((Adzuki) beans (Phaseolus or Vigna angularis)

Prohibited

Not permitted to be exported.

0713 33 00 Kg.

Kidney beans, including white pea beans (Phaseolus vulgaris)

Prohibited

Not permitted to be exported.

0713 39   Other : Prohibited

Not permitted to be exported.

0713 39 10 Kg. Guar seeds Prohibited

Not permitted to be exported.

0713 39 90 Kg. Other Prohibited

Not permitted to be exported.

0713 40 00 Kg. Lentils Prohibited

Not permitted to be exported.

0713 50 00 Kg. Broad beans (Vicia faba var major) and horse beans (Vicia faba var equina, viciafaba var minor)

Prohibited

Not permitted to be exported.

0713 90   Other : Prohibited

Not permitted to be exported.

0713 90 10 Kg. Tur (arhar) Prohibited

Not permitted to be exported.

    Other :    0713 90 91 Kg. Split Prohibi

tedNot permitted to be exported.

0713 90 99 Kg. Other Prohibited

Not permitted to be exported.

Note 1

(i) The prohibition shall not apply to export of kabuli chana (as is known by different names in different parts of the country) w.e.f. 07.03.2007.

(ii) The period of validity of prohibition on exports of Pulses (except Kabuli Chana) shall be extended upto 31.3.2013.

(iii) The transitional arrangements under Para 1.5 of the ForeignTrade Policy, 2004-2009, as amended from time to time, shall not be applicable for export of Pulses. (iv) The prohibition shall not be applicable to export of 1000 tonnes of pulses to The Republic of Mauritius by MMTC.

(v) The prohibition shall not be applicable to export of (i)178.70 tonnes of pulses to Nepal by MMTC.

(vi) Prohibition imposed vide Para 3 (i) of this Notification shall not apply to export of 1000 MTs of pulses to Bhutan.

(vii) Export of 60MTS of pulses to the Republic of Maldives permitted (Notification No.34 dt.25.03.2010).

(viii) Export of 60 MTS of pulses to Republic of Maldives throughMMTC Ltd permitted

Note 2

The prohibition shall not be applicable to export of pulses to Sri Lanka executed under the specific permission granted by DGFT.

Note 3

The export of 1200 MTS of pulses to Bhutan per annum (as per Calendar year i.e. 1st January to 31st December) will be exempted from any export ban.

Note 4

Export of 10,000 MTS of per annum of Organic pulses and lentils duly certified by APEDA from EDI ports will be

permitted. Export contracts should be registered with APEDA prior to shipment.

8.0 Status in FTAs/PTAs/RTAs

India has kept Pulses in negative list under India-Korea CEPA,India-Singapore CECA, SAFTA(non-LDCs) etc. Pulses has been kept indifferent tariff concession categories under India-ASEAN FTA (NT-Iexcept peas), India-Malaysia CECA(NT-I except peas), India–JapanCEPA (B10)

9.0 Phyto-sanitary requirement for import of Pulses into India

(http://plantquarantineindia.org/pdffiles/Consolidated_Version_PQ_O

rder_2003-upto_4th_amendment_2008.pdf )

Plant species

Category of plant material

Country of Origin

Additional declarations required to be incorporated into Phytosanitary Certificate

Special conditions of import

Vigna (Phaseolus) spp. (Beans).

Seeds for consumption orprocessing

Any Country

Free fromBean bruchid (Acanthoscelides obtectus)

(i)Free from quarantine weed seeds(ii)Fumigation with Methyl bromide@32 g/cu m for 24 hrs at 21oC and above under NAP and the treatment shall be endorsed on phytosanitarycertificate or by any other fumigant/substance in the manner approved by the Plant Protection Adviser.

Cicer aeriatinum (Chick Pea)

Seeds for consumption

Any Country

Nil Fumigation with Methyl bromide @ 32 g/cu. m at @ 21oC and above under NAP and the treatment to be endorsed on phytosanitary certificate or by any other

fumigant/substance in the manner approved by the Plant Protection Adviser.

Lens culinaris (Lentils)

Grain (seed) for consumption

(i) Australia (ii) Canada(iii) China (iv) Iran (v) USA

Free fromDitylenchus dipsaci (stem andbulb nematode)

(i) Free from soil contamination (ii)Fumigation by Methyl bromide at 32 g per cubic meter for 24 hrsat 21oC or equivalent or any othertreatment approved by the Plant Protection Adviser to the Government of India and the treatment should be endorsed on Phytosanitary Certificate issued at the country of origin or re-export.

    (vi) Nepal (vii) Tanzania (viii)Myanmar

Nil

    (ix) Turkey

Free from: (a) Bruchus lentis (b) Ditylenchus dipsaci (stem andbulb nematode)

Cajanuscajan (Pigeonpea)

Grain (seed) for consumption

(i) Australia Free from Richardia brasiliensis

    (ii) Mozambique Free from:(a) Clavigralla elongate(African Pod bug)(b) Ditylenchus africanus (Pea nutpod nematode)

(c) Hoploaimus pararobustus (Lancenematode)(d) Meloidogyne Ethiopia(e) Meloidogyne decalineata (African Coffee root-knot nematode)(f) Alectra vogelii (Yellow witch weed)(g) Chrysanthemoides monilifera (Boneseed)(h) Digitaria velutina (Velvet finger grass)(i) Orobanche minor (Common broomrape)(j) Oryza longistaminata (Perennial wild rice)(k) Raphanus raphanistrum (Wild raddish)(l) Richardia brasiliensis (White eye Australia)(m) Senecio inaequidens (African ragwort)(n) Senecio madagascariensis (firewood)

(iii) Myanmar Free from:(a) Cardiospermum halicacabum (Balo onvine)(b) Physalis angulata (Cutleaf groundcherry)(c) Pueraria Montana var.Montana (Rhodesian kudzu-vine)(d) Richardia brasiliensis (White eye Australia)

(iv) Nepal Free from::(a) Lolium multiforum (Italian ryegrass).(b) Polygonum persicaria (red shank)(c) Veronica persica (Creeping speedwell)

(v) ChinaFree from Heterodera glycines (Cyst nematode)

(vi) Iran Free from Apomyelois ceratoniae

(carob moth)

(vii) KenyaFree from: (a) Clavigralla elongate(African Pod bug)(b) Melanagromyza chalcosoma (pod fly)(c) Ditylenchus dipsaci(stem and bulb nematode)(d) Hoploaimus pararobustus (Lancenematode)(e) Pratylenchus goodeyi (Banana Lesion nematode)(f) Alectra vogelii (Yellow witch weed)(g) Digitaria velutina (velvet finger grass)(h)Cirsium vulgare (Spear thistle)(i) Conyza sumatrensis (Tall fleabane)(j) Lolium multiforum (Italian ryegrass).(k) Lonicera japonica (Japanese honeysuckle)(l) Orobanche minor (Common broomrape)(m) Oryza longistaminata (perennial wild rice)(n) Pennisetum macrourum (African feather grass)(o) Polygonum persicaria (red shank)(p) Raphanus raphanistrum (Wild raddish)(q) Richardia brasiliensis (White –eye Australia)(r) Senecio madagascariensis (firewood).

(viii) Pakistan Nil(ix) Tanzania Free from

(a) Clavigralla elongate(African Pod bug)(b) Hoploaimus pararobustus (Lancenematode)(c) Meloidogyne decalineata

(African Coffee root-knot nematode)(d) Meloidogyne Ethiopia(e) Pratylenchus goodeyi (Banana Lesion nematode)(f) Alectra vogelii (Yellow witch weed)(g) Digitaria velutina (velvet finger grass)(h) Orobanche minor (Common broomrape)(i) Oryza longistaminata (perennial wild rice)(j) Pennisetum macrourum (African feather grass)(k) Striga aspera (Witch weed)

(x) Malawi Free from(a) Clavigralla elongate(African Pod bug)(b) Ditylenchus destructor (Peanutpod nematode)(c) Hoploaimus pararobustus (Lancenematode)(d) Meloidogyne acronea (African cotton root nematode)(e) Alectra vogelii (Yellow witch weed)(f) Digitaria velutina (velvet finger grass)(g) Orobanche minor (Common broomrape)(h) Oryza longistaminata (perennial wild rice)(i) Pennisetum macrourum (African feather grass)(j) Richardia brasiliensis (White –eye Australia)(k) Striga aspera (Witch weed)

(xi) Uganda Free from(a) Clavigralla elongate(African Pod bug)(b) Hoploaimus pararobustus (Lancenematode)

(c) Pratylenchus goodeyi (Banana Lesion nematode)(d) Alectra vogelii (Yellow witch weed)(e) Centrodema pubescens (Centro)(f) Conyza sumatrensis (tall fleabane)(g) Digitaria velutina (velvet finger grass)(h) Orobanche minor (Common broomrape)(i) Pennisetum macrourum (African feather grass)(j) Polygonum persicana (red shank)(k) Melanagromyza chalcosoma (beanpod fly)

Annexure-I

Area, Production and Yield of Tur, Lentil & Gram during 2010-11 and 2011-12 in major producing states

Area-Million HectaresProduction-Million Tonnes

Yield-Kg./HectareTur

States 2011-12 2010-11Area Product

ionYield Area Production Yiel

dMaharashtra 1.21 0.85 704 1.3 0.98 754Karnataka 0.77 0.36 466 0.89 0.53 596Madhya Pradesh

0.53 0.33 625 0.49 0.16 327

Uttar Pradesh

0.32 0.29 891 0.34 0.31 912

Gujarat 0.24 0.26 1057 0.28 0.27 964Andnra Pradesh

0.48 0.15 307 0.64 0.27 422

Jharkhand 0.14 0.13 914 0.1 0.07 700

Odisha 0.14 0.12 813 0.14 0.12 857Bihar 0.03 0.05 1897 0.03 0.04 1333Tamil Nadu 0.05 0.04 839 0.04 0.02 500Others 0.13 0.08 @ 0.12 0.09 @All India 4.04 2.65 656 4.37 2.86 656

GramStates 2011-12 2010-11

Area Production

Yield Area Production Yield

Madhya Pradesh

3.04 3.29 1081 3.11 2.69 865

Rajasthan 1.43 0.99 691 1.78 1.6 899Maharashtra 1.05 0.82 775 1.44 1.3 903Uttar Pradesh

0.58 0.72 1248 0.57 0.53 930

Andnra Pradesh

0.57 0.52 920 0.58 0.72 1241

Karnataka 0.8 0.38 473 0.96 0.63 656Gujarat 0.24 0 27 1138 0.18 0.2 1111Chattisgarh 0.24 0.24 995 0.25 0.24 960Haryana 0.08 0.07 911 0.11 0.11 1000Bihar 0.06 0.06 1134 0.05 0.06 1200Odisha 0.04 0.03 695 0.04 0.03 750West Bengal 0.02 0.03 1116 0.02 0.02 1000Others 0.17 0.17 @ 0.1 0.09 @All India 8.32 7.58 912 9.19 8.22 895

Lentil (Masur)

States 2011-12 2010-11Area Product

ionYield Area Production Yiel

dUttar Pradesh

0.59 0.41 695 0 .59 0.48 814

Bihar 0.24 0.21 875 0.17 0.15 882Madhya Pradesh

0.59 0.18 305 0.54 0.28 519

West Bengal 0.06 0.05 833 0.05 0.05 1000Rajasthan 0.04 0.04 1000 0.03 0.02 667Assam 0.02 0.01 500 0.02 0.01 500Others 0.06 0.04 ® 0.08 0.04 @All India 1.6 0.94 591 1.48 1.03 697

@ Since area/production is low in individual states, yield rate is not worked out