Power System Protection Application (CBF & Substation Bus ...

Presented by:

Jonathan R. SantiagoProtection Engineering Manager

INSTITUTE OF INTEGRATED ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS OF THE PHILS., INC

Power System Protection Application (CBF &

Substation Bus Protection)

Overview

Power System Components

What is Protective Relay?

In electrical engineering, a protective relay is a relay device designed to

trip a circuit breaker when a fault is detected.

sensors current

voltage

A protection device does not

prevent the fault from occurring,

but limits the consequences...

Trippingcoil

Detect and isolate the fault

Preserve continuity of supply

Measure

Compare

Decide

Power System Protection - Basic Requirements

1. Selectivity or Discrimination

a. Time grading

b. Unit System

2. Stability

3. Speed

4. Sensitivity

Basic Components of Protection

1. Voltage and Current Transformers

Voltage Transformer Current Transformer

P = Us2 / Z and Is = Us / Z P = Z x Is2 and Us = Z x Is

Never connect the VT in short-circuit Never leave the CT in open-circuit

“CT star point should always towards the

protected zone”

CT Protection Unit

Current Transformers

Voltage Transformers

Basic Components of Protection

2. Relays

3. Fuses

4. Circuit Breakers

5. DC Batteries

Breaker Failure & Substation Bus Protection

1. Breaker Failure Protection = 50BF

2. Stuck Breaker Protection = 51B

3. Differential Busbar Protection = 87B

4. Differential TEE Protection = 87TEE

5. Pole Discrepancy Protection = PD

CB Trip Failure

UPPER BUS

LOWER BUS

1. Supervision of the feeder current after a tripping command

OR

2. Supervision of the CB auxiliary contacts after a tripping command

OR

3. Supervision of the feeder current (with the BBP measurement algorithm) after a

tripping command (only applicable if the BFP is installed in the BBP system)

– BBP unbalancing

Breaker Failure Protection Solutions

➢ standard BFP application

➢ for line, transformer, generator, generator-transformer, reactors and coupler CB’s

➢ for all voltage levels and switchgear configurations

➢ overcurrent settable independently for all feeders (depending on the minimum

feeder short current)

➢ operation independent on the CB auxiliary contacts (aux. contacts are a week part

of the protection chain)

➢ for single, double and three phase auto-reclosure (tripping), (phase segregated

starting inputs)

➢ for detection of evolving faults (phase segregated timers for t1)

➢ remote tripping signal settable after timer 1 or timer 2

➢ advanced trip redirection functionality in case of CB SF6 under pressure condition

Application & Features of Solution 1

➢ applicable for very low fault currents (e.g. generator reverse power function)

➢ remote tripping signal settable after timer 1 or timer 2

➢ advanced trip redirection functionality in case of CB SF6 under pressure condition

➢ very good addition to solution 1

➢ no overcurrent (fault current) supervision

➢ the starting signal must be switch off by the CB “OFF” aux. contact to prevent an

unwanted trip

➢ operation dependent on the CB auxiliary contacts (aux. contacts are a week part of

the protection chain

➢ not applicable for single and double phase auto reclosure (tripping)


➢ applicable as basic BBP coupler functionality for the detection of faults between

coupler CB and CT (coupler function – CB reclaim time)

➢ not applicable for line, transformer, generator, generator-transformer, reactors

feeders in HV system

➢ Overcurrent (fault current) supervision depending on the BBP differential current

setting (high short current required)

➢ not applicable for single and double phase auto-reclosure (tripping)

➢ the starting signal must be switch off by the CB “OFF” aux. contact to prevent an

unwanted trip to the CB after timer 1

➢ operation dependent on the CB auxiliary contacts (aux. contacts are a week part

of the protection chain)

➢ no trip-redirection functionality in case of CB SF6 under pressure condition

➢ remote tripping signal fixed to timer 1


2. Stuck Breaker Protection = 51B

3. Differential Busbar Protection = 87B

Single Busbar with Section Coupler ( 1 coupler 2 CT)

4. Differential Protection Measuring Principle

Kirchhoffs 1st Law: Node Rule

The vector sum of all currents must be zero

I1 + I2 + I3 = Σ I = 0

I1

I3

I2

4. Differential Protection Measuring Principle

Kirchhoffs 1st Law: Node Rule

I1 + I2 + I3 = Σ I

if ≠ 0 or

if Σ I > differential current setting

Fault on the Busbar

Trip Circuit Breaker

Trip Busbar Protection

I1

I2

I3

Single Busbar with Section Coupler ( 1 coupler 1 CT)

Single Busbar with Section Coupler ( 1 coupler CT)

How can a busbar protection system detect a fault between the Coupler

Circuit Breaker and Current Transformer?

➢ By deactivating of the current measurement in the coupler in case of

Internal BBP tripping signal (= coupler blocking)

Coupler Functions I

Differential Current Supervision

Which failures in the CT circuits can the Differential current supervision

detect?

➢ a missing CT input (e.g. CT circuit not connected to the system

➢ a wrong CT ratio

➢ a wrong current direction

The “differential current alarm” is very important and must not be ignored

by the operating personnel.

Double Bus Single Breaker Scheme

BB Protection in Breaker and a half scheme

87TEE-1

87TEE-2

4. Differential TEE Protection = 87TEE

5. Pole Discrepancy Protection

LOGIC

BE1-11MULTIFUNCTION PROTECTION SYSTEM

Presented by:

Chip ChristmannProtection Operations Manager

BE1-11

Multifunction Protection System

BE1-11 Protection System

• The most user friendly settings/logic in a distribution relay

• Sophisticated simplicity of programming for your needs

• Settings software program can be used for all relay types

• Numerous application templates available (can be edited)

• Firmware upgrade kits available for field upgrades

• No field hardware changes needed

• Platform flexibility ensures unlimited future upgradability with proper hardware at initial purchase

• Operational training from Basler application engineering and technical support is no cost

• We believe in empowering you to manage your relays and support you to do so

Why you need the BE1-11f

• One software program for settings (F, T, I, G, M, D)

• One logic library - visually document your logic!

• Many AC elements shared by all applications

• Standardization of Protection and Control

• Same algorithms, elements do not need to be re-calculated, no hidden pitfalls, same coordination curves, no need to re-do your coordination

• Communications map is identical for all relays (11f, 11t, 11g, etc.) all in the same location

• SCADA integrators have 1/5 the work since they don’t have to re-map

One Relay Does It All

BE1-11f – Feeder

Features/Functions:• Recloser (79)

• Voltage (24, 25, 27P, 27X, 59P, 59X, OV/UV, Table Curves)

• Current (50, 50BF, 51, 67, Table Curves)

• Frequency (81)

• Power (32)

• Impedance (21)

• Thermal (49RTD)

• Sensitive Earth Fault (SEF)

• Remote Analog Inputs and Outputs

• Selectable I/O – 4, 7, or 10 Inputs and 6 or 9 Outputs

• Unbalance Mode to 50 and 51 elements

BE1-11t – Transformer

Features/Functions:• Current (50, 50BF, 51, 67, 87, 87N, Table Curves)

• Voltage (24, 25, 27P, 27X, 59P, 59X, OV/UV, Table Curves)

• Frequency (81)

• Impedance (21)

• Thermal (49RTD)

• Recloser (79)

• Control (43, 62, 86, 101)



• Selectable I/O – 7, or 10 Inputs and 6 or 9 Outputs

• Through-Fault Monitor

• All 2-Winding Applications

BE1-11i – Intertie

Features/Functions:• Power (32)

• Voltage (24, 25, 27P, 27X, 59P, 59X, 78V, OV/UV, Table Curves)

• Current (50, 50BF, 51, 67, Table Curves)

• Frequency (81)

• Thermal (49RTD)

• Recloser (79)

• Control (43, 62, 86, 101)




BE1-11g – Generator

Features/Functions:• Voltage (24, 25, 27P, 27X, 59P, 59X, 78V, OV/UV, Table

Curves)

• Current (50, 50BF, 51, 67, 87, 87N, Table Curves)

• Impedance (21, 40Z, 78OOS)

• Control (25A, 43, 62, 86, 101)

• Frequency (81)

• Power (32, 40Q)

• Thermal (49RTD)




• Unbalance Mode to 50 and 51 elements

BE1-11m – Motor

Features/Functions:• Power (32, 55, 40Q)

• Thermal (49TC, 49RTD)

• Motor (48, 66, Restart Inhibit)

• Voltage (27P, 59P, 59X, OV/UV, Table Curves)

• Current (37, 50, 50BF, 51, 87, Table Curves)

• Frequency (81)

• Control (43, 62, 86, 101)




BE1-11d – DC Power

Provides a 2-3 component solution

• (1) low voltage cabinet mounted BE1-11d relay

• (1 or 2) IT-D high voltage cabinet mounted modules

Basler DC System Components

BE1-11d

•Based upon standard BE1-11

•CT/PT inputs modified to fiber

IT-D

• 2 channels per module for voltage or current

•Universal hardware accepts 100-2,000 Vdc for voltage measurement

•Or 25-100mV from the shunt for current measurement

BE1-11d – DC Power

Features/Functions:• DC Overcurrent (76)

◦ Instantaneous overcurrent Trip (bi-directional)

◦ Low level fault trip (bi-directional)

◦ Straight time overcurrent trip

◦ Long time overcurrent trip

◦ Timed (inverse) overcurrent trip (bi-directional)

◦ Extreme inverse overcurrent trip

• Rate of Rise Trip (Delta Current)

• DC Bus Breaker Auto Reclosing (82)

• Thermal Overload (49)

• Undervoltage (27)

• Overvoltage (59)

• Thermal (49RTD)



AC to DC Conversion

AC DC

Optional RTD Module

Features/Functions:

• Reporting and alarms

• Notifications of system status through BE1-11 protection system

• 12 RTD Inputs

• 4 Analog Inputs

• 4 Analog Outputs

• Connect up to 2 RTD modules per BE1-11 protection system

• Ethernet or RS-485 communications

System Interface Software:

•Metering explorer

◦Extensive real time and reporting capabilities.

•Settings explorer

◦ Quick and confident programming.

◦ System summary

◦ Compare settings

◦ Visual logic and logic libraries

◦ Compressed print preview

BESTCOMSPlus®

Metering of all measured and calculated values.

Primary and secondary metering

Phasor diagrams

Configurable

BESTCOMSPlus® – Analog Metering

Inputs

Outputs

Targets

Alarms

Breaker status

All digital points

Configurable

BESTCOMSPlus®– Status Metering

Sequence of events

Fault records

Security log

Load profile

Breaker monitor

Differential (g, m, t)

Motor starts (m)

Transformer damage (t)

BESTCOMSPlus® – Reports

Demand current

Demand power

Demand vars

Demand VA

BESTCOMSPlus® – Demand Metering

Voltage

Distortion

Dip/Swell

Harmonics

BESTCOMSPlus® – Power Quality

Virtual switches

Breaker control switch

Output override

Setting group control

BESTCOMSPlus® – Control

Intuitive settings

Meaningful labels

Built in graphs

BESTCOMSPlus® – Settings

Formatted settings printout

Easy to read

Show only enabled elements


System summary

Easy confirmation of relay setting

Enabled and pickup set

No pickup set

Pickup set but mode disabled

Disabled


Programmable logic

Powerful tool within BESTCOMSPlus®

featuring innovative and comprehensive logic schemes.

Preprogrammed BESTlogic™Plus schemes provide a starting point for customer applications.

User friendly interface for customizing schemes

BESTlogic™Plus

Large selection of logic elements

Drag and drop logic

Visual connectivity

Self documentation

User annotations

On-line logic library

BESTlogic™Plus

Logic file printout

Provides a means of making logic available on location without a computer.

BESTlogic™Plus

Offline

Logic

Simulator

BESTlogic™Plus

• Modbus® available over Ethernet and RS-485

• DNP3 available over Ethernet and RS-485

• IEC 61850

Communications Protocols

• Easily configure and document IEC 61850 between devices from several suppliers with BEST61850™.

• Reduce engineering effort with intuitive drag and drop graphical user interface.

• Capable of Goose network containing greater than 255 devices

• Alarm on the loss of any device subscribed to IEC 61850

• Supports configurable buffered reports

IEC 61850

Half-rack and J case options*

Half-rack is draw out

J case is plug out

*Half-rack not available on BE1-11m,BE1-11t, and BE1-11d.

Hardware

Enhanced HMI with

J case models:

•Operate virtual switches (43) using only Select and Operate buttons.

• 7 User identified and configurable indicators

Hardware

Rear connections

Hardware

Half-Rack Case (F, I, G)

J Case (F, I, G, M, T) J Case (D)

RTD Module

• 12 RTD inputs: 3-wire or 2-wire

• Four analog inputs

• Four analog outputs

BE1-11 – Hardware

• Feeder and Transformer Protection in one box with the enhanced option (sync-check, recloser, directional overcurrent, and differential plus others)

• Competitors do not have these functions in the same box

• Both Half Rack and S1 case sizes for adapting to any mounting environment

• USB and Ethernet port for higher bandwidth, not RS-232 serial port 1st generation relay

• 21 Distance protection functions in a feeder relay when circuit impedance increases or decreases beyond set value

• Under/Over voltage inverse time elements standard (important for retrofitting electromechanical or single function solid state relays) Those device had inverse curve options, most digital relays do not have this. Or they have to go to a $5K+ relay to have this functionality.

• BE1-11 is roughly half the price of the competitor with these features.

Distinguishing features

• We make overall relay solutions easy to implement and understand

• We want our relays to reflect customers needs

• Our goal is to make relays inherently useful to you and customizable

• Our visual logic makes our Distribution Recloser very easily customized for those wanting to make small changes - We learned this from our strong control background

• Visual logic with feedback loops and logic that is not linear/straight-forward is much easier to see the concept shown vs. a crazy long Boolean logic stream

• The offline logic simulator is available free of charge with the free software to prove out the logic files performance as desired.

• Open universal protocols in the BE1-11 relays – we do not lock you into a monopoly like some relay vendors with proprietary protocols that make switching from their relay system very costly in your future

• Proprietary protocols eliminate any future other vendors better solutions within your system - You are stuck with “their” way

• We don’t back you into an expensive future corner with our products

Distinguishing features

• Basler Electric Reliability and Experience

• More than 75 Years of Longevity in Power Systems

• High Quality Relays Made in the USA – Dual Manufacturing in Texas and Illinois

• Advanced Cybersecurity-Utility Grade Cybersecurity Protection

• BESTCOMSPlus Windows PC Software Simplifies Relay Settings and Logic Notation

• One multifunction protection system for all applications - Easiest learning curve- Most flexible

• 2 Week Lead Time – Avoid Production Delays

Why to buy

WESTCO | CORPORATE PROFILE

Partners

The brain-child of Engr. Rodolfo R.

Peñalosa, PAMAVTech specialises in

competency-based and hands-on

technical trainings for practicing

professionals

A trading corporation established in 1990

to handle industrial electro-mechanical

and electrical devices

Questions?

8F, 68 Kalayaan VCP Building, 68 Kalayaan AvenueTeachers’ Village West, Quezon City 1101

(632) 8365-0068

[email protected]@westco-phil.com

www.westco-phil.com

Address:

Tel No.:

Email:

Website:

Power System Protection Application (CBF & Substation Bus ...

Documents

Transcript of Power System Protection Application (CBF & Substation Bus ...