Christmasfor the single parent

can be lonely time ofthe year...

Page 12

Vol. XXXIII No. 24 Archdiocese of Miami Friday Dec. 12,1986

Poverty next toriches: 'scandal'

U.S. Bishops' pastoral letterBy Jerry Filteau

WASHINGTON (NC) — "That soiany people are poor in a nation as

^*ch as ours is a social and moral scan-dal that we cannot ignore . "("Economic Justice for All," No. 16.)

The new national pastoral letter bythe U.S. Catholic bishops views"harsh poverty" amid "great wealth"as one of the chief obstaclesAmericans must overcome in buildinga more just society.

The 54,000-word letter, adopted bythe bishops at their fall general meet-

ing last November, is titled,"Economic Justice for All: CatholicSocial Teaching and the U.S.Economy."

Some of its strongest language isaimed against the widespread, growingpoverty which, in the bishops' words,"threatens the nation's future."

33 million poor"More than 33 million Americans

are poor; by any reasonable standardanother 20 million to 30 million areneedy... The fulfillment of the basicneeds of the poor is of the highestpriority," the letter says.

All people, not just Christians, arecalled to a "preferential option for thepoor," the pastoral says. "Basicjustice... calls for the establishment ofa floor of material well-being on whichall can stand. It is a duty of the wholeof society... The obligation to providejustice for all means that the poor havethe single most urgent economic claimon the conscience of the nation."

The letter does not view thepreferential option for the poor as an"adversarial slogan that pits onegroup or class against another."Rather, it says, "the prime purpose ofthis special commitment to the poor isto enable them to become active par-ticipants in the life of society."

It also notes that poverty is not justa problem of the unemployed andunderemployed. "Many working peo-ple and middle-class Americans livedangerously close to poverty. A risingnumber of families must rely on thewages of two or even three members

Continued or. page 3

ConversionIn preparation for the Pope's visit here next year, ArchbishopMcCarthy has asked that all Catholics in South Florida make'Conversion' the theme for this Advent season. The Pope'sown words on the subject:

"Inpractice, the Church's vocation to evangelize means, aboveall, living the Gospel ever more deeply. It means acceptingChrist's call to conversion and accepting the demands inherentin the faith preached by Jesus. The call to conversion was thetheme of John the Baptist's preaching...It was the explicitproclamation of Jesus: 'Repent, for the kingdom of heaven isclose at hand.' It was Peter's message at Pentecost: 'You mustrepent'...

"It means conversion unto salvation: the ecclesial communitybecoming evermore a community of living faith, a communion ofprayer, a center for the poor and the sick, the lonely, theabandoned, the handicapped, those with leprosy, those whoare weak in faith, those who need support and are looking forsomeone to show them the love of Christ.

"No one of us is exempt from this call, this invitation, thissummons to conversion that comes from the Lord Jesus."

Miami graceChaplains help local officers cope with job pressures

Fr. Kenneth Whittaker, chaplain to the Highway Patrol, takes time from abusy schedule to chat with Trooper Al Reyes. (Voice photo by Prent Browning)

By Prent BrowningVoice staff writer

We read about it in the newspaperevery few weeks: a policeman is injuredin a high speed chase or shot during thecourse of an armed robbery. We tend totake their heroism for granted, just likewe take for granted that they will alwaysbe there when we need them, no matterhow many nerve-fraying false alarmsthey respond to every day.

When a criminal is captured, heoften receives sympathy and psycho-logical help. But who is around to pickup the pieces when an officer is killed orwounded or suffers from stress?

In Dade County, police chaplainsfill just such a void. The Archdiocese ofMiami and other religious denom-inations have joined with local and statepolice departments to create a ministrythat seems to have achieved an excellenttrack record.

Most people are only dimly awareof the chaplains' presence; many areeven ignorant of their very existence.They minister quietly and independently"behind the scenes" and nobody, eventheir supervisors, are fully aware of allthe work that they do because of the

'It's convenient for them tosee the chaplains...They(police) are always so tired,they've got so many thingson their mind'

-Sr. Beth Butler

oath of confidentiality.Officially, chaplains are required to

dedicate about a day a month to their jobbut many devote much longer hours.Their duties include riding with policeofficers, being present at police funerals,and being available for baptisms andweddings. In addition, many chaplainsare required to spend a certain amount oftime "on call." When on call they areexpected to drop what they are doing inthe event of the injury of a policemanand drive to the hospital. If a policeofficer is killed, they do what they canto offer comfort to the families.

Just as important, chaplainsprovide a ready ear for those officerssuffering from day-to-day family or job-related problems. Their visits withofficers and their families take place inthe homes or in restaurants, wherever

(Continued on page JO)

Wall Street scandalNEW YORK (NC) — The Wall Street insider trading scandal centering on

Ivan F. Boesky proves the relevance of themes emphasized in the U.S.bishops' new pastoral letter on the American economy, according to twoJesuits who minister to the Wall Street community.

"I think the whole thing illustrates the broader problem in this country ofan erosion of the sense of the public good or the comnjon good," said JesuitFather Neil F. Doherty, who has served at the Jesuit office in the Wall Streetarea since 1983.

Jesuit Father Joseph S. Dirr, who became director of the office inSeptember, said" he would not put the focus on Boesky as an "evil person"but sees his case as a stimulus for going beyond questions of legality andethics to the spiritual question of "how much money" a person wants orneeds to make.

Talk of wallets keeps'em in church?ST. PAUL, Minn. (NC) — The U.S. bishops' new pastoral letter on the

economy just might convince parishioners to remain at church after Mass orattend a weeknight program — when they otherwise would go home and stayhome, according to Ronald Krietemeyer, Domestic Social Developmentdirector at the U.S. Catholic Conference. "When you're talking aboutpeoples' wallets and things that really affect their lives, I think people whootherwise might not come out on a Wednesday night or stay late after Masson Sunday might do just that," he said. Krietemeyer's office was heavily in-volved in staff assistance to the bishops' committee that drafted the docu-ment, "Economic Justice.for All: Catholic Social Teaching and the U.S.Economy."

Home for homeless opened in DenverDENVER (NC) — The Archdiocese of Denver opened Samaritan House, a

new $6 million shelter for the city's homeless and hungry, at a blessingceremony presided over by Archbishop J. Francis Stafford of Denver. Morethan 300 benefactors, local religious leaders and government officials, includ-ing Denver Mayor Federico Pena, gathered for the ceremony. In his remarks,Archbishop Stafford said the shelter would be a reminder that the arch-diocese is "the Good Samaritan of the Rockies."

Accept immigrants openly, bishop urgesLOS ANGELES (NC) — Challenges created by growing numbers of im-

migrants must be met "with the greatness of our human spirit," said Arch-bishop Roger M. Mahony of Los Angeles. He also said the conditions thatspur their migration should be remedied. In an address delivered inNovember to students and alumni of the University of Southern CaliforniaSchool of Social Work, Archbishop Mahony spoke on "Los Angeles: the Im-migrant City, the Social Work Response." He spoke of people on the movefrom biblical times to the present, "having been aliens and exiles, the peopleof God are mandated to welcome the stranger and extend hospitality to them.Strangers may not be oppressed or in any way taken advantage of," the arch-bishop said.

Catholic schools important to HispanicsLOS ANGELES (NQ — The Catholic Church through its parish schools

has an "immense role to play" in raising the economic, social and politicalstatus of U.S. Hispanics, said the mayor of San Antonio Texas. HenryCisneros, who was the first Mexican-American mayor of a major U.S. citywhen he was elected in 1981, told the Mexican-American alumni associationof Loyola Maryrriount University in Los Angeles that "perhaps there is nosingle institution that can be as decisive over the future of our people as theCatholic Church."

Death sentence commutations praisedWASHINGTON (NC) — New Mexico Gov. Tpney Anaya's decision to

commute the death sentences of five killers has been praised by churchleaders in Washington and in his home state. The governor, a Democrat andCatholic who is leaving office at the end of the year, announced Nov. 26 hewas reducing the death sentences to life imprisonment. Two of the five — theonly prisoners on death row in New Mexico — had been scheduled for execu-tion in January. All five had been convicted of crimes ranging from the rapeand murder of an 80-year-old woman to the murder of a police officer. Thegovernor said "capital punishment is inhumane, immoral, anti-God and in-compatible to an enlightened society."

First Lady honoredJames Peterson trades a box of cookies baked at Boys Town, Neb.,for a hug from First Lady Nancy Reagan. Mrs. Reagan was at thehome to accept the 10th annual Father Flanagan Award for serviceto youth for her drug abuse work, (NC/UPI photo)

Fr. Curran pushes more'American Church'WASHINGTON (NC) — Father Charles Curran, a controversial riloral '

theologian, called Dec. 2 for a "more truly American Catholic Church" thatreflects the American experience. He also predicted increasing tensions be-tween the U.S. church and the Vatican, saying that among the most intenseissues is the role of women, who, he said, while assuming more active roles inthe church are experiencing mostly "tokenism." He spoke to a standing-room-only crowd of more than 600 in a small auditorium, at The CatholicUniversity of America in Washington. Father Curran, a tenured professor atthe university, was told by the Vatican in August that-he can no longer teachas a Catholic theologian because of his dissent on some matters of moraltheology. He is appealing that decision through university procedures.

Sex book has imprimatur pulledROCHESTER, N.Y. (NC) — In response to a letter from the Vatican

Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Bishop Matthew H. Clark ofRochester has removed his imprimatur from a local sex education manual."Parents Talk Love: The Catholic Family Handbook About Sexuality,"published in 1985 by Paulist Press, was written by Father Matthew A.Kawiak, a Rochester diocesan priest, and Susan K. Sullivan, a science teacherat Cardinal Mooney Catholic High School. The congregation, headed byCardinal Joseph Ratzinger, said the book had positive features but did notdeserve the endorsement of the church's "imprimatur" because it is seriously"defective on the church's moral teaching on human sexuality both in andout of marriage."

Priest arrested where'contras'to trainEGLIN AIR FORCE BASE, Fla* (NC) — Maryknoll Father Roy

Bourgeois was arrested on a trespassing charge Nov. 30 at Eglin Air ForceBase for allegedly refusing to stop kneeling in prayer to protest U.S. supportfor Nicaraguan rebels. Father Bourgeois, who drew national attention in 1981when he disappeared in El Salvador for 11 days, was charged with trespassingon federal property. He was held by Okaioosa County deputies and wasscheduled to remain in jail until his trial Dec. 16/ The air base reportedly isor will become a site for training Nicaraguan "contra" rebels. Officials fromthe base and the Reagan administration refused to comment on the reports.

Diocese refutes Fr. Serra criticismMONTEREY, Calif. (NC) — In response to criticism that Father Junipero

Serra was responsible for mistreating Indians, the Diocese of Monterey hasreleased a special "Serra Report" disputing such claims. "What we have hereis an extraordinary man-being defamed more than 200 years after he died"-said Bishop ThaddeusShubsda of Monterey in a statement. "He cannotdefend himself. So we will. We have gone to recognized scholars. This is acall to reason, to qualified scholarship. To the detractors we%ay: If there isproof let us see it," the bishop said. The report was released Nov. 24, the273rd anniversary of the Franciscan priest's birth in 1713 in Mallorca, Spain.

Prayer Petitions"Call to me and I will answer you" Jer.

33:3. The employees of the Archdioceseof Miami Pastoral Center gather eachMonday morning to pray for the inten-tions of you, our brothers and sister of theArchdiocese. Petitions will be included inour individual daily prayers each week aswell as during this special time of com-munity prayer. We invite anyone with aprayer request to write (no phone calls), tous at this address: Prayer Petition, Arch-diocese of Miami, 9401 Biscayne Blvd.,Miami, FL 33138.

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PAGE 2 / Miami, Florida / THE VOICE I Friday, December 12,1986

Poverty next toriches 'a scandal'

Continued from page 1just to get by."

Despite political claims to the con-trary, "poverty has risen dramaticallyduring the last decade," the pastoralsays. It particularly affects women,children and minority families.

Responsibility to fight poverty fallson all members of society, the pastoralsays. "But private charity and volun-

The poor mustcome first

WASHINGTON (NC) - Thepoor must occupy a special place inthe hearts of those who claim tofollow Jesus Christ, says thebishops' new economy pastoral.

"The fundamental moralcriterion for all.economic deci-sions, policies and institutions isthis: They must be at the service ofall people, especially the poor," itsays.

"No one may claim the nameChristian and be comfortable inthe face of the hunger, homeless-ness, insecurity and injustice foundin this country and the world," itadds:

Jesus loves all but "takes theside of those most in need," andhis example "imposes a propheticmandate" to Christians to make a"preferential option for the poor,"the pastoral says.

tary action are not sufficient." Asystematic response requires people towork "collectively through govern-ment to establish just and effectivepublic policies."

One of the first things needed, itsays, is to eliminate "misunderstand-ings and stereotypes of the poor" and"actions, words or attitudes thatstigmatize the poor." ;

The-pastoral calls "job creation andjust wages" the "first line of attackagainst poverty." .

It urges "vigorous action... toremove barriers to full and equalemployment for women andminorities."

It says both public and private pro-grams and policies should be geared to"self-help efforts," avoiding pater-nalism and enabling the poor "to takecharge of their own futures."

It calls for "progressivity" in thetax system. Those below the povertyline should not pay income taxes, itsays, but enough taxes should be rais-ed "to pay for the public needs ofsociety, especially to meet the basicneeds of the poor." This means highertaxes for "those with relatively greaterfinancial resources."

Calling for "a thorough reform ofthe nation's welfare and income-sup-port programs," the pastoral recom-mends:

• Redesigning assistance programsto help recipients "become self-suf-ficient through gainful employment."

• "Adequate levels of support" tocover the basic food, clothing, shelter,

Aid for AIDS patientsMother Teresa of Calcutta kneels in prayer at the openingceremonies of a new convent for her Missionaries of Charity orderin Washington. The sisters plan to work with AIDS patients in theWashington area. (NC photo)

health care and other necessities of thepoor.

• "National eligibility standardsand a national minimum benefit level"for public assistance programs, whichnow vary greatly from state to state.

• Making welfare programs"available to two-parent as well assingle-parent families" to avoid the

current negative impact on family life.The pastoral also urges "serious

discussion of more fundamentalalternatives to the existing welfaresystem," such as ideas for a "familyallowance" or a "children'sallowance," proposals for a "negativeincome tax" or strategies "targeted onlong-term poverty."

'Wage discrimination againstwomen is a major factor'

Pastoral cites Injustices to womenWASHINGTON (NC) — The bishops' economy pastoral repeatedly attacks

economic discrimination against women in the United States.The strongest-attack comes in a section on poverty, where the bishops declare

that the discrimination which makes women poorer than men "is immoral, andefforts must be made to overcome the effects of sexism in our society."

"The past 20 years have witnessed a dramatic increase in the number ofwomen in poverty," the pastoral says. "This includes women raising childrenalone as well as women with inadequate income following divorce, widowhoodor retirement. More than one-third of all female-headed families are poor." •

The pastoral declares, "Wage discrimination against women is a major factorbehind these high rates pf poverty.... Many women suffer discrimination in

wages, salaries, job classifications, promotions and other areas. As a result, theyfind themselves in jobs that have low status, little security, weak unionizationand few fringe benefits."

The bishops cite "women's responsibilities for child rearing" as a significantfactor in their economic inequality.

"Vigorous action should be undertaken to remove barriers to full and equalemployment for women and minorities," they say.

The pastoral attacks sexism in other ways as well. One way is its consistentrefusal to use the traditional male-gender terms for people in general. Instead of"man," "men," "mankind" and "he," it uses words or phrases like "humanbeings," "persons," "men and women."

Bishops wait/see on HunthausenBy Jerry Filteau

WASHINGTON (NC) — U.S.bishops, upon returning home aftertheir mid-November national meeting,spoke hopefully about the controver-sial case of Archbishop RaymondHunthausen of Seattle and asked theirpeople to take a wait-and-see stance.

"We have to enter into deep andthorough dialogue," said BishopCletus F. O'Donnell of Madison, Wis." I think Rome surely wants to healany disruption. The church fears anyschism that might occur."

A number of bishops stressed that,contrary to some media reports, theygaye support to Archbishop Hun-thausen in his difficulties as well asexpressing a Strong loyalty to the HolySee. They also emphasized that thearchbishop was hot a dissident onchurch teachings, as some reports sug-gested. :^''''r:.;:C '• •••.. .:• • ;• ". . • •

At least one bishop complained thatgroups which publicly advocate posi-tions dissenting from Catholic teach-ing or practice have hurt ArchbishopHunthausen by trying to tie theirnames and causes to his case.

"I was saddened by the realizationthat a number of individuals andorganizations have used ArchbishopHunthausen's ordeal as a vehicle forpromoting ideas and causes which arequite foreign to' his convictions,"wrote Bishop".Edward; O'Rourke ofPeoria, 111., in his diocesan newspaper,The Catholic Post,

••;';"• One national campaign forsignatures backing Archbishop Hun-thausen, included people widelyknown for advocating changes inchurch stands on abortion, homo-sexuality or ordination of women. Anad is expected to run Jan. 9 in the Na-tional Reporter.

In another objection to tactics ofthat kind, Archbishop John Roach ofSt. Paul-Minneapolis, in his arch-diocesan newspaper," the CatholicBulletin, warned against "a kind ofpopularist ideology in the UnitedStates" which seeks to affect churchpositions? through a showing ofpopular support.

The controversy over the Holv Seeand the church in Seattle has ragedthroughout the U.S. church sinceSeptember ,when .Archbishop Hun-

thausen announced that, underVatican instructions, he had ceded hisauthority over several archdiocesanmatters to his auxiliary, BishopDonald Wuerl.

The Seattle case was a center ofmedia attention during the bishops'Nov. 10-13 meetingf and the bishopsdevoted most of an extraordinarilylong closed-door meeting to discussingit. In a statement made public after-ward, Archbishop Hunthausen toldthe bishops that he considered the divi-sion of episcopal authority "unwork-able."

Bishop Kenneth Povish of Lansing,Mich., said in a column in his diocesannewspaper, The Catholic Weekly, thatthe bishops supported ArchbishopHunthausen by rejecting a draft state-ment on the case "by a heavy majori-ty" because it said that the Vatican ac-tion in the case was "just and reason-able/'

The bishops did not approve thestatement until it was changed to saythe process was in accord with churchlaw and "as such , it-, deserves ourrespect and confidence."

The second key element of support,

according to the Lansing bishop, wasthat Archbishop Pio Laghi, papal pro-nuncio to the United States "was pre-sent throughout (the discussions) andmust surely report to the Holy See thatfive hours of tense discussion, the likeof which I have not witnessed in my 16years in the NCCB, was necessary toapprove a statement recognizing thatwe can't do anything.','

Other bishops spoke'similarly aboutthe tensions the bishops felt during thediscussion.

Bishop Pierre DuMaine of SanJose, Calif., said "Every attempt toclarify without full disclosure will con-tinue to raise new questions and prob-lems. Perhaps we need to examine thecriteria of secrecy... I think this is acommunication problem as much as alegal one."

Archbishop William Borders ofBaltimore said he thought the prob-lems which arose from the secrecy ofthe Vatican's procedures in Seattlemight prompt the Holy See to "take ahard look at this. They-will see we'reliving in the public eye, and systems ofone generation are: not necessarilygood for another."

Miami, Florida /THE VOICE/Friday, December 12,1986/PAGE 3

Guatemala Church getsrights office—at last

GUATEMALA CITY (NC) — Guatemala's Catholic Church said it willestablish a rights office early in 1987. *

Church officials said three lawyers have been hired to run the agency andpriests throughout the country will assist in monitoring human rights pro-gress.

Guatemala last year elected its first civilian president in 20 years afterdecades of military rule during which human rights violations were wide-spread. The new civilian government is seen as being prepared to protect suchrights.

Last January, Archbishop Prospero Penados del Barrio of Guatemala Citytold National Catholic News Service that the bishops had decided againstestablishing a rights office during the military rule for fear of persecution.

When the civilian government of President Vinicio Cerezo took office thatmonth, Archbishop Penados said it was "the dawn of a new-day, in whichrespect, justice and the possibility to aspire to a more dignified future arehoped for."

Mexican Bishops: refugees are afraidMEXICO CITY (NC) — A southern Mexican bishop said he doubts that

the thousands of Guatemalan refugees in his diocese and others will go .homesoon because of the conditions they face on their return. The refugees, manyof whom "do not officially exist," are asking for guarantees the Guatemalangovernment cannot meet, said Bishop Luis Miguel Canton Marin ofTapachula. They want their lands and homes returned, their safetyguaranteed and the military "put on trial for murders and kidnappings," hesaid. Guatemala's bishops back the demand for safety and also say that norefugee should be pressured to return. But the bishops are not saying therefugees' land must be restored to them. "Right now, the (Guatemalan)government is trying to achieve a balance between itself and the military,"Bishop Canton said. Granting the refugee demand for trials "would be likedeclaring war on the army," he said.

Missioners in Brazil tortured, killedBRASILIA, Brazil (NC) — An Italian missionary, working in Brazil who

supported land reform was kidnapped, tortured and murdered, said a spokes-man for the Brazilian bishops' conference. The spokesman, Father ArnaldoBeltrami, said local landowners and government officials in the northeasternstate of Maranhao conspired to murder Father Maurizio Maraglio. FatherBeltrami said Father Maraglio's body was left in a motel in Sao Luiz, Brazil,to conceal his torture and murder. Father Beltrami said initial reports that thepriest had died of a heart attack while at the motel with a prostituteconstituted "a farce to denigrate the church's image." Father Maraglio was aparish priest in Maranhao state, where on May 10 another activist clergyman,Father Josimo Moraes Tavares, was murdered. Father Tavares was to havebecome head of the bishops' local Pastoral Land Commission.

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Cardinal Sinbacks shuffleof cabinet

MANILA, Philippines (NC) —Cardinal Jaime Sin of Manila reactedfavorably to a cabinet shake-up,praising the Philippines' new defenseminister, Gen. Rafael Ileto, as a"no-nonsense" official loyal toPresident Corazon Aquino. Iletoreplaced Juan Ponce Enrile, whoresigned after months of politicalcontention with Mrs. Aquino. Othercabinet ministers also submitted theirresignations in late November at thepresident's request.

Philippine bishopsback constitution

MANILA, Philippines (NC) —The Philippine bishops' conferencehas endorsed a proposed new na-tional constitution, which churchpeople had a hand in drafting. Butthe bishops said they would avoidpressuring opponents of the constitu-tion to vote for ratification. Theendorsement was approved by 62 of69 bishops attending a mid-November administrative councilmeeting, said one participant. Theconference has 91 members. Thedraft constitution is scheduled for aratification vote Feb. 2. Conferencepresident Cardinal Ricardo J. Vidalof Cebu said the bishops believe theproposed constitution is "consistent"with Catholic teachings and that thedocument's ratification would lead tonational stability.

Pope asks peacein Nicaragua

VATICAN CITY (NC) — PopeJohn Paul II has asked NicaraguanCatholics to unite with the$j fbishpps |in the search for national peace andreconciliation. This unity must in-volve "sincere obedience to themagisterium," the church's teachingauthority, he said.

Lebanon Moslem, Christian split a 'crime'BEIRUT, Lebanon (NC) — Lebanon's Catholic bishops have called on

their nation's warring leaders to unite for the good of the nation. In a state-ment the bishops called the country's Moslem-Christian split "a crime againstthe nation and the citizens." "The fathers find themselves obliged to call onthe leaders to give up such shameful attitudes that dishonor the nation andbring more misfortunes over the citizens," said the statement, released by theBeirut-based Catholic Center for Information. The center is an agency of theLebanese bishops' conference.

Pope to youth: build 'civilization of love'VATICAN CITY (NC) — Pope John Paul II called on the world's young

people to build a "civilization of love" by overcoming the threats of war,hunger, human rights abuses and "the scandalous disparities" between therich and poor. In his annual message for the World Youth Day, the popechallenged youths to develop the "strong and persevering characters" neededto resist materialism and social divisions. The papal message addressed to"all the young people of the world" was released by the Vatican Nov. 29during the pope's visit to Australia.

Pope: Haitian bishops must aid peaceVATICAN CITY (NC) — Haitian bishops must foster national reconcilia-

tion as their contribution to the Caribbean nation's efforts for democracy,said Pope John Paul II. The pope also encouraged the bishops to continuetheir education projects, especially literacy programs, because they are ~;important in preparing people for democratic decision making^Pieseactivities "must be considered as the best contribution of the church to thedevelopment of a climate of general and effective acceptance of truedemocratic dialogue," the pope said in a letter to the Haitian bishops. Thepope wrote the letter as support for the Dec. 2-6 meeting of the Haitianbishops' conference on the theme of "The Road to Democracy Tri Haiti."

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Women's pastoral in '87 not likelyThose expecting ordinationshould not, bishop says

WASHINGTON (NC) — If a"miracle" occurred, a refined and up-dated first draft of a planned pastoralletter on women's concerns could beready by next November, but miraclesare rare, said Bishop Joseph L. Imeschof Joliet, 111., chairman of the paneldrafting the letter.

The bishop, who chairs both theU.S. bishops' Committee on Womenin Society and in the Church and aseparate but affiliated writing com-mittee for the pastoral letter, said Dec.2 that four of six chapters of thepastoral had been written and twomore were under way.

'J Meanwhile, the National Con-ference of Catholic Bishops an-nounced Dec. 2 that the Committee onWomen in Society and in the Churchhad been changed from "ad hoc" toastanding committee of the bishops.The announcement included a state-ment from Bishop Imesch that thenewly upgraded committee intends"to take positive steps to advocate theequality of women,"

"We've done an awful lot of writ-ing," Bishop Imesch said in the inter-view about progress on the pastoralletter. He added that by late February,when the committee meets, "we willhave written a rough draft of the entireletter."

But the committee will need severalmonths after that to make refinementsin the draft before it is presented to theNCCB Administrative Committee forits reaction, he said.

This means that it is likely to be ear-ly 1988 before a honed, updated first

draft is released to the public, he add-ed.

"I suppose if a miracle happened wewould be ready in 1987," he said. "Amiracle is possibility. They happensometimes. (But) I haven't had anyyet," he said.

In a separate interview in Novemberwith The Michigan Catholic, news-paper of the Detroit Archdiocese,Bishop Imesch said the letter will focuson concerns raised by women duringvarious local hearings. These include,he said, "women's desire to par-ticipate in the church decision makingthat affects them, sexist language, andthe fact women want to be appreciatedfor the gifts they have."

On the subject of women's ordina-

Seminary rolls downWASHINGTON (NC)— The number of U.S. Catholic seminarians drop-

ped 4 percent from 1985-86 to the 1986-87 school year, according to data,released Oct. 29.

For 1986-87 there are 10,372 seminarians, compared to 10,811 last year.The new figure represents a 43 percent decline in the past decade and a 76 per-cent decline over the past 20 years.

In 1966-67 there were 42,767 students preparing for the priesthood, and in1976-77 the number was 18,029.

The newest annual figures, based on starting enrollments this fall, werereleased by Benedictine Father Adrian Fuerst, seminary researcher for theWashington-based Center for Applied Research in the Apostolate.

Highlights of the new data, with one-year and 10-year comparisons, are:—The smallest decline in the current year occurred in the number of

theology students, where the total figure dropped less than 1 percent, from4,063 in 1985-86 to 4,039 in 1986-87. It was down 23 percent, however, fromthe 1976-77 total of 5,257.

—At the collegiate level, the number of seminarians-in 1986-87 was 2,828.This was nearly 10 percent below the previous year's 3,120 and 41 percentbelow the.1976-77 total of 4,801.

—At the high school level, the 1986-87 total was 2,872. This was about 6percent below the previous year's 3,051 and 59 percent below the 1976-77total of 7,047.

Father Fuerst said the theology figures in the last few years have been skew-ed, however, by rapid increases in new categories which effectively expandthe theology category by adding many students to it for an extra year or two.

Pre-theology, a "pastoral year" and a fifth year of theology training, allone-year additions to the traditional four-year theology program, grew by 36percent in just the past year, from 394 seminarians to 538. Only a few yearsago those figures were insignificant and usually not even reported separately.

tion he noted that women "who wereangry before are now angrier."

"Women who have expectations ofordination are now having to face itthat these expectations are not goingto be met," the bishop said. "Theissues dealt with in the letter will notbe the answer to everything..."

Bishop Imesch's Dec. 2 statementon the work of the Committee onWomen in Society and in the Churchsaid the committee has directed thebishops' conference staff to reviewand take appropriate action on legisla-tion affecting women.

' 'We are committed to the teachingsof Jesus Christ and of the RomanCatholic Church," the statement said."Within the parameters of theseteachings, and with respect for theviewpoints of all women, we will givepositive support to all legislation orinitiatives that promote the dignityand the personhood of women andthat promote equal opportunity, and

- rights for women."The statement said that "many

women have clearly articulated thepain they have, experienced from ine-qualities and injustice" and "have ex-pressed their desire for recognition oftheir dignity as persons, for equal op-portunity and rights, for partnership,allowing all women and men toachieve their full potential."

"In addition to supporting, affirm-ing and advocating legislation to fosterwomen's equality, we ask that at-titudes toward women in the churchand church practices regarding equityfor women employees be studied andthat women be involved in all discus-sions of issues affecting their lives,"the statement concluded.

Contributing: to this story wasMargaret Cronyn in Detroit.

• - .« • ;1'cannot helpbutthink of niyselfwhen I was avillage child. When I was in class one, the Sistersused to come to our village. They would collect thechildren for songs and lessons. When I looked atthe happiness in their faces, I thought: Td like tobe one of them when I grow up.'" -s is ter ChristinaSister Christina, a native Indian Sister, is one of many people who cameto know Christ because of visits by missionary sisters. Now, as amissionary sister, she brings the same message to others in India. NativeSisters around the world are helped by your contributions to thePropagation of the Faith. ' - -

Support YourCatholic Missionaries

The Propagation of the Faithall of us committed to the world mission of Jesus

Reverend Monsignor John J. Donnelly S.T.B.9401 Biscayne Boulevard — Dept. C.

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December 12Feast of Our

Lady of GuadalupePatroness of the Americas

and Patroness of the Unborn

When Our Lady appeared in Guadalupe, Mexico, sHe worethe black band of maternity around her waist, the sign that shewas with child. She was offering her child to the New World.Her vibrant, compassionate face was an indication that shewas a compassionate mother.

Our Lady of Guadalupe. Patroness of the Americasand Patroness of the unborn, we honor you on yourFeastday and the 455th Anniversary of your appari-tion.We implore you to protect the unborn of today and thefuture, and to bless our work. " -Respect Life Apostolate — Archdiocese of Miami

Guadalupe Celebration — December 13,1986Annunciation Parish — Mass at 5:3O p.m.; 7:3O p.m.

Guest speaker Senator Henry Hyde from WashingtonFor more information call 653-2921

Miami, Florida / THE VOICE / Friday, December 12,1986 / PAGE 5

Surrogate pregnancycalled 'disaster5

TRENTON, N.J. (NC) — Surrogate motherhood is "a legal outrage and amoral disaster," the bishops of New Jersey told a state legislative committeestudying bills that would legalize and regulate the practice.

A surrogate mother becomes pregnant by artificial insemination, carries thechild to term, and gives it up to the father and his spouse. In some cases surro-gate mothers provide the service for pay.

Surrogate motherhood is "morally wrong because it violates the biologicaland spiritual unity of the husband and wife and the parental relationship ofparents and child," the letter said.

The practice is also legally wrong, said the bishops, because it violates statepolicy "by making licit the sale of a child, albeit through the subterfuge of rent-ing the womb of a woman," the letter said.

Surrogate motherhood "exploits the child as a commodity and exploits thewoman as a 'baby-maker.' "

Although some have compared surrogate motherhood to adoption, the twoare vastly different, the letter continued. "A child is placed for adoption becauseof the circumstances of the mother which prevent her from caring for the child.Her concern for the child's welfare seeks a permanent and stable home for heroffspring."

Inventor defendsmorning-after pill

WASHINGTON (NC) — A new pill for contraception and early abortion is"not a death pill," the French doctor who invented it said at a Washington pressconference Dec. 5. •

Dr. Etienne-Emile Baulieu of the University of Paris, inventor of the Still-experimental drug RU-486, later spoke to Catholics for a Free Choice.

About 25 demonstrators distributed leaflets saying that Catholics for a FreeChoice was not a Catholic group but an organization spreading disinformationabout Catholic views. .

Dr. Baulieu told reporters RU-486 is about to be marketed in several Euro-pean countries. Other countries considering approval of it include India andChina, he said.

Catholic Church teaching permits use of natural methods to space birthsresponsibly. But it opposes all artificial forms of birth control and rejects allabortion, even in the earliest stages of pregnancy, as a crime punished by exclu-sion irom the sacraments. '„

RU-486 serves as a contraceptive or abortifacient by blocking cells in theuterus from receiving progesterone, a hormone needed by the uterus to preparefor and continue a pregnancy. Its proponents say it is a breakthrough which willallow women to have abortions at home.

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PAGE 6 / Miami, Florida / THE VOICE / Friday, December 12,1986

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Married priestsin Indonesia?

JAKARTA, Indonesia (NC) —Pope John Paul II has promised toconsider allowing the ordination ofmarried men in Indonesia on a case-by-case basis, an Indonesian bishops'conference official said.

A Vatican, press spokesman said hehad no information on the Indonesianrequest.

In some isolated places, said the In-donesian bishops' official, Catholicsreceive the sacraments once a year be-cause pastoral visits are so infrequent.In Irian Jaya, for instance, there areno more than two native priests, hesaid.

Irianese also find it difficult to un-derstand why priests must be celibate,the bishop said. To them "a leadermust be a real he-man, with manywives and children."

Bishops in Latin America andAfrica have been quietly asking theVatican to allow married priests sincethe 1970s, but without success.

Who wrote Jeremiah?NEW YORK (RNS) — The scribe

Baruch wrote parts of at least sevenbooks of the Hebrew Bible, s.ays aJewish scholar at the University ofCalifornia in San Biego.

Dr. Richard Friedman, a professorof Hebrew and comparative literature,

is planning to present his findings in abook called "Who Wrote the Bible?"to be published next spring. He hasshared some of them at a briefing inCollege Station, Texas, sponsored bythe Council for the Advancement ofScience Writing, and in an interview in

Sex at age 12 is hit in ItalyROME (NC) — A Jesuit magazine

sharply criticized a proposal in theItalian Parliament to legalize sexualrelations between adults and childrenas young as 12 years old.

The proposal, the Rome-basedmagazine La Civilta Cattolica said,would encourage sex maniacs to ex-ploit adolescents.

The proposed legislation, which hasbeen under debate for more than ayear, would lower the age limit for vic-tims of "presumed sexual violence,"or statutory rape, from 14 to 12.

THE GIFTTHAT SAYS,"I LOVEYOU"

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To show Him your love, please sacrifice something.forHis poor. In the Adelabad District, tribal villagers counton the physical and spiritual support given, by FatherMathai and Sisters of Charity of Trichur. These dedi-cated missioners have given their lives to the tribals of In-dia. Their quiet work for the Church is done not with ser-mons, but with a loving witness to Christ. Will you helpthem? Refugee families live in miserable camps in theGaza and in Jordan; we can supply them with milk,cheese, and flour for $20 a month. The wounded and or-phaned children in Lebanon can be cared for with youroffering. The aged and homeless are sheltered, theirloneliness comforted, by your kindness. So many needs,so large the heartsof their Catholic neighbors! Your gift tothe missions says. "I love you."

But what are missions? They are people, not numbersnor distant places. They are cancer and leprosy victims,the blind, the aged, orphans and abandoned children,homeless refugees. They are the people for whom Christbecame an infant. What you do for the hungry, the shiv-ering, the abandoned, you do for Him.

How to celebrate Christ's Birthday? Give Him the gift ofyour sacrifice. Give him your better self. We'll send your .gifts to the Holy Father's mission aid . . . and they will beused exactly as you request.

I—1 $10,000 will help purchase a mobile medical van andput it on the road to bring treatment and diagnosticequipment to remote areas of the Near East.

• A chapel can be built for $4,000. . ,a school for$5,000. The Bishop in the diocese where construc-tion takes place will write to you of the progressmade. . .

Cl The Holy Father uses stringless gifts in any amount($500. $100. $50. $15. $10) where assistance isneeded most by the people served.

0 It costs $15 a month ($180 a year) to train a nativepriest. For the same amount, you can train a Sister.Payments can be made at your convenience whenyou choose to sponsor a seminarian or novice.

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During recent legislative debate, theproposal was amended to reinstate the14-yeaf level, but it is expected to bedebated again.

The magazine said that if the12-year-old limit is adopted, "sexmaniacs and degenerates would be en-couraged to exploit the law, using alltheir arts to seduce" the youths.

It ridiculed the idea put forward bysome legislators that a 12-year-old iscapable of responsibly consenting to asexual act with an adult. The age, itsaid, is marked by a "delicate and dif-ficult crisis of puberty."

the San Diego Jewish Heritage.Dr. Friedman said the recent

discovery of a clay seal more than2,500 years old which bears thesignature of Baruch gives historicalconfirmation of his existence.

By analyzing the language, structureand style of Jeremiah, Dr. Friedmanfound it to'be strikingly similar to thatof several other Old Testament books.He has now concluded that Baruchwas not only the author of the pro-phecies of Jeremiah, but also of por-tions of Deuteronomy, Joshua, andthe books of Kings and Chronicles.

The scholar's conclusions are atvariance with the beliefs of fundamen-talist Christians and Orthodox Jews,who have attributed the first fivebiblical books to Moses, and the bookof Joshua to Joshua himself.

"This presents an even greaterchallenge to Orthodox Judaism andfundamental Christianity than theargument over evolution," Dr. Fried-man said.''"

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Miami, Florida / THE VOICE / Friday, December 12,1986 / PAGE 7

in vitro: Vatican theologians differNational Catholic News Service

ROME — Theologians disagreeabout the morality of using in vitrofertilization to help sterile marriedcouples have children, said an adviserto Pope John Paul II.

The debated situation is called"simple case" by moral theologians toisolate it from other in vitro situationsin which egg and sperm do not comefrom a married couple, said Msgr.Carlo Caffarra, head of Rome's JohnPaul II Pontifical Institute forMatrimony and the Family and a con-suitor to the Vatican Congregation for

the Doctrine of the Faith.Under the simple-case scenario,

some theologians support the in vitroprocess when:

• The sperm ^nd egg used comefrom a married couple.

• All embryos resulting from theprocess are implanted in the womb ofthe wife, thus avoiding the discardingof human embryos or their later usefor experimentation.

Msgr. Caffarra, a moral theologian,said he considers the "simple case"immoral, but some theologians argueit is moral because the process takes

place within marriage and the aim isprocreation.

In most in vitro cases, infertilityresults from blocked tubes in thewoman which prevent sperm fromreaching eggs through sexual inter-course, he said.

"Theologians who argue themorality of simple case say that theChurch allows medical interventionsto overcome physical defects and, ineffect, technology is doing a bypass,"said Msgr. Caffarra, a member of thepapally appointed InternationalTheological Commission.

"They further argue that the child is

Sex-selection method criticizedVATICAN CITY (NC) — A

Catholic expert in biOethics hascriticized a method... of selecting achild's sex at conception recently usedin Naples, Italy.

"The predetermination of sex, ob-tained through a procedure of directmanipulation, cannot be morallyjustified," said Msgr. Elio Sgreccia,director of the Bioethics Center of theCatholic University of Rome.

Msgr. Sgreccia's comments follow-ed the birth in Naples Nov. 29 of ababy girl whose sex had been predeter-mined by scientists.

Developing centrifugal andchemical techniques first used by

Japanese and American scientists, Dr.Raffaele Magli said he was able to dif-ferentiate between X and Ychromosome-bearing sperm with 90percent "accuracy. When an X-bearingsperm pairs with an X-bearing femaleegg the resulting offspring is female.

Magli isolated the father's X-bear-ing sperm and fertilized an egg "invitro" with it. The fertilized egg wasthen implanted in the mother's body.

News of the birth has provokedmuch discussion and debate in Italy.

Interviewed by Vatican Radio Dec.2, Msgr. Sgreccia said it was under-standable that parents might want tochoose their child's sex. He also said

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that in sexual intercourse couples cannaturally influence the likelihood of ababy being born of a specific sex.

"Bur direct intervention," he said,"represents in my opinion an act ofdomination on the part of biologistsover life itself and over the body of thefuture child."

In the light of biological program-ming and eugenics—the movement toimprove the human race by controllinghereditary factors in mating — thisdevelopment "may give rise to graveconsequences," Msgr. Sgreccia said.

Magli said the parents of the Napleschild chose to have a baby by "invitro" fertilization because of ablockage in the mother's fallopiantubes — which carry eggs from theovaries to the uterus.

In an interview with the Italian dailyCorriere della Sera, the father, asailor, said a girl was chosen so shecould keep her mother company whilehe was away at sea.

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the result of love as the spouses wantthe child precisely because they aremarried."

Supporters of "simple case," hesaid, also have to treat two relatedmoral issues: masturbation and abor-tion.

Masturbation is considered immoralby the Church but is the normal wayof obtaining sperm for in vitrofertilization.

Defenders of the "simple case"argue that it is moral under these cir-cumstances because it is oriented toprocreation and is only a mechanicalact needed to get sperm, said Msgr.Caffarra.

The other moral issue involves plac-ing embryos in situations where nor-mally they will be spontaneouslyaborted, he said.

Under the in vitro process, severalfertilized eggs, usually two to. four, areimplanted in the womb to increasechances of pregnancy.

Under normal circumstances severalwill be spontaneously aborted, saidMsgr. Caffarra.

Supporters say this presents nospecial moral problem because spon-taneous abortions are a part of nature,he said.

Msgr. Caffarra said he does notagree: "We are putting human em-bryos in a situation where We knowsome will be aborted. "Abortion is im-plied by the multiple fertilizations."

The debate comes at a time whenthe doctrinal congregation is preparinga major document on bioethics whichis expected to deal with the issue.

Msgr. Caffarra was interviewedafter a French Catholic hospital an-nounced that it successfully used the invitro process to help a sterile marriedcouple give birth to a baby girl.

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PAGE 8 / Miami, Florida / THE VOICE / Friday, December 12,1986

THE VOICE Miami, Florida December 12,1986 Page 9

Inremembrance

of them...Haitians from throughout South

Florida gathered at Our Lady Queen ofHeaven Cemetery and Mausoleum in

North Lauderdale recently toremember their compatriots who died

before reaching freedom. Theoccasion was the blessing of a marker

at the gravesite of 21 Haitians whodrowned in April, 1982, when their

rickety boat broke up off the shores ofBoca Raton. The marker was

furnished by the Catholic cemeteryafter a routine records check revealed

that the grave had remainedunmarked, said Father Kenneth

Whittaker, director of Cemeteries forthe Archdiocese. He called the

gesture an "outward manifestation" ofthe spirit which should prevail during

this Year of Reconciliation recentlyproclaimed by Archbishop Edward

McCarthy. Because none of theHaitians who drowned were everidentified, the marker, written in

French and English, pays tribute tothose "whose names are known toGod alone. May they whose mortal

remains lie in this sacred ground restin God's loving arms." (Voice photo/Ana Rodriguez-Soto)

Hispanic deacons seek broader roleForm nationalassociation

By Ligia GuillenStaff Writer, La Voz

Hispanic deacons want to maketheir voices heard.

That's why they have founded theNational Association of Hispanic Dea-cons and started a Spanish-language mag-azine to speak officially for the group.

They also have four committeesworking at full steam, and they meetevery year to work on the group's pro-jects, which are many. Recently, the as-sociation met at St. Benedict Church inHialeah to discuss "The Ministry ofMatrimony."

"We want the [U.S.] bishops to bemade aware that Hispanic deacons arevital to ministering to the Hispanic com-munity in the United States," saidpermanent Deacon Benito Serenil ofSeattle in an interview with La Vqz .Deacon Serenil has been re-electedpresident of the Hispanic DeaconsAssociation, a post he will retain until1988.

At the recent meeting, the deaconsdiscussed their concern that HispanicCatholics in the United States have

fewer and fewer priests who speak theirlanguage to "minister to them. Theystressed that the permanent deaconsmust be well prepared to, at least partly,fill the gap.

"There are about 80,000 Hispanicsin my Archdiocese [Seattle] and onlyone Hispanic deacon," said Deacon

Another concern voiced by His-panic deacons is their need to be re-cognized as partners in ministry.

"Some Hispanic deacons havebecome altar boys with beards and mus-taches because they are not allowed todo anything else," said Deacon AngelAlicea of Philadelphia, spokesman for

'Some Hispanic deacons have become altarboys with beards and mustaches because theyare not allowed to do anything else.'

, Deacon Angel Alicea,, spokesman,

National Association of Hispanic Deacons

Serenil. He pointed out that permanentdeacons "are both clergy and laymen,that is why we are the most adequatebridge to the laity; especially when thereis a shortage of priests." ; • •

Permanent deacons generally aremarried men who retain their regularjobs but are ordained for ministry withinthe Church. They can celebrate wed-dings, baptisms and funeral rites as wellas distribute the Eucharist and preachduring Mass, but they cannot celebrateMass or hear confessions. Single menand those who become widowers cannotmarry after ordination.

the association.The idea of an association of

Hispanic deacons was born in SanAntonio, Texas, in 1983. It was ap-proved and implemented the followingyear, with Deacon Serenil elected firstpresident.

"What we want, however, is foreach area to have its own regionalchapter," said Deacon Ray Ortega ofMiami, who serves as secretary of thenational board and represents the state ofFlorida.

The Southeast region already hasits own chapter working out of the

Southeast Regional Office for HispanicAffairs. Father Mario Vizcaino, directorof the office, serves ,as the group'sadviser.

There is also a regional group inthe Northeast, headed by Deacon DanielRavelo of Newark, who is treasurer ofthe national group.

By mutual agreement of the dea-cons, their association recognizes the im- ,.portant role deacons' wives play in theirhusbands' ministry. The women are en-"titled to participate in the nationalboard's meetings, although they are notallowed to vote.

According to Gloria Leal ofHouston, a small but energetic motherof six, deacons "shouldn't forget that weas wives want to be heard and taken intoconsideration when they make decisions,especially when those decisions affectthe couple or the family in any way."

Leal is the only woman on theassociation's national board who isentitled to vote.

She is very involved in andsupportive of her husband's ministry,she said, but "when the wife is leftbehind there is conflict"

Leal believes that, at this time inhistory, "the Holy Spirit has sentpermanent deacons to the Church to takeup the slack created by the lack ofpriests around the world."

OFFICIALThis Christmas, remember rural, inner-city

Dear Friends in Christ:As we approach the great feast of Christmas, we become more aware of our own

need to share with others the many blessings that we have received. Christmas is atime of sharing.

In our Inner-City Parishes and Rural Migrant Missions, many people who shareour faith also need our sincere concern and support.

Under the direction of a dedicated staff of priests, sisters, lay employees andvolunteers, the Archdiocese provides pastoral ministry, day care centers, educationalprograms and offers food and housing assistance to needy families. I encourage yourcontinued generosity next Sunday to this Annual Appeal for our Inner-City Parishesand Rural Migrant Missions throughout the Archdiocese.

With my personal gratitude to you for your concern and love for the poor, I amDevotedly yours in Christ,

Edward A. McCarthyArchbishop of Miami

OfficialArchdiocese of Miami

The Pastoral Center announcesthat Archbishop McCarthy has madethe following appointments:

THE REV. JAMLS A. QU1NN-to Pastor, St. Andrew Church. CoralSprings, e1"fccti\e Nov. V). 1986.

71 IE REV. EDWARD R1ZZO--to Associate Pastor, St. Ambrose

Church, Deerfield Beach, effectiveNov. 30, 19S6.

THE REV. JOHN HANLEY,O.M.I, -to Pastor, St. StephenChurch. Miramar, effective Nov. 29,1986.

REV MR. MANUEL PHREZ--Purmanent Deacon- to St. JamesChurch. Miami, effective Nov. 26.1986.

'Miami Grace'Chaplains help local cops deal with pressures of their job

Continued from page 1the officers feel more comfortable.

Much of what the ministers do is"just being present," says Father MikeKish, who became the city of Miami'sfirst chaplain in 1981.

Father Kish spends some 30 to 40hours a month riding with officers."You select what shift you're going toride," he says, "and get to know them.

It's a bridge from the church to thecommunity. Because of their workschedule police officers are often notattending church regularly."

Father Kish is well equipped torelate to police officers since he was onehimself before he left the city of Miamipolice force in 19S8 to attend theseminary.

After the 1980 Liberty City riots,

he was at a dinner sitting next to thenMiami police chief Kenneth Harms andArchbishop Edward McCarthy. Harmsasked the Archbishop if he wouldappoint a chaplain and the Archbishopturned to Father Kish on the spot andasked him if he would be willing.

One gauge of his success is the factthat now the Miami police have a totalof eight chaplains (two of them

Sister Beth Butler and her crime-stopping dog, "Murphy." (Voice photo/Prent Browning)

Bridge between two worlds:Sister serves God and cops

By Prent BrowningVoice Staff Writer

Dressed in blue chaplain's uniformand badge as she gives vocation talks inschools throughout the Archdiocese, thestudents at first can hardly believe she'sa nun.

"No, that's not her, she's die otherone," they whisper as she walks in theroom.

Sister Beth Butler, the Miamipolice department's first woman chap-lain and one of a small number in thecountry, is getting used to an occasionalsidewise look.

But as one of eight chaplains fromdifferent denominations serving theMiami police, Sister Beth, who has abackground in criminal justice, takes thedual vocations in stride. In fact, theDominican nun, who has been achaplain since August, requested theassignment

As a young nun, Sister Bethattended classes at Barry University inMiami Shores, and during the 70s sheacquired a Masters in criminal justicefrom Michigan State and a degree incriminology from Florida State. Whilein Michigan she worked in the prisonsystem teaching high school English.

Having a father and severalrelatives who were police officers, herinterest in law enforcement camenaturally.

"They've always told the joke," she

'They've a/ways toldthe joke that my fatherwas a police officerand my mother was asaint and you put thetwo together and youget a nun in criminaljustice.'

Sr. Beth Butler

says, "that my father was a policeofficer and my mother was a saint andyou put the two together and you get anun in criminal justice."

Sister Beth currently teachescriminal justice courses at both Barryand the Miami police department."Being on the street like this helps meto relate reality to theory," she says."But the real reason is that I see theneed."

The personable nun has focused herministry on the relatively small numberof female police officers, spending about15 hours a month riding and chattingwith them.

In addition to feeling the isolationthat police officers in general often feelwhen they get behind a uniform, thewomen officers sometimes stand alonewithin the primarily male world of the

police department"The women police officers have

their own unique set of problems in justbeing accepted as part of the departmentsince they're not 'one of the boys,'"Sister Beth says.

Her own acceptance at the depart-ment has apparently been smooth, al-though there were a lot of jokes at firstas Sister Beth endured the same'back-ground checks and polygraphing that isrequired of new police officers. Sherecalls one joke that made the rounds:"When they drug-tested Sister Beth, theyfound Holy Water."

On her first day as chaplain sheunderwent something of a baptism byfire, witnessing three felony arrests forcrimes that included a shooting and adrug overdose.

Unfazed by such experiences, SisterBeth is even involved with crimefighting at home through her police dog"Murphy" (sometimes called "TheMonsignor") who has so far beenresponsible for foiling two burglaries inher neighborhood.

Recently, when a man took abriefcase out of her car, Sister Bethopened her front door and let outMurphy. The dog chased the would-beburglar o r a tall fence where hedropped the briefcase.

All in a day's work to Sister Beth."After being in a maximum securityprison, I don't find [police work] athreat, I just find it part of my job."

Catholic), including a full-time Baptistminister who serves as a crisisintervention counselor.

Similarly, the late Father ThomasBarry, equipped with a masters degree incounseling psychology, got things offon the right foot in 1980 when hebecame the first Catholic chaplainappointed to the Metro-Dade policedepartment

Metro-Dade Sgt Doug Taggerty, aConverted Catholic and St. Louisparishioner, soon became acquaintedwith Father Barry, who died last year ofcancer.

"I could see that being a policechaplain to Father Barry was far morethan officiating and giving invocationsat different functions—he really caredabout the troops," says Sgt Taggerty.

Convinced skeptics"It became evident pretty quick. He

was such a natural guy. Officers arenormally skeptics anyway, but theyrealized Father Barry wasn't a phony andbefore too long because of his psych-ology background the officers were beat-ing a path to his doorstep. I mean hecouldn't even do his regular job becausethe officers were taking up so much ofhis time," Sgt. Taggerty says.

Many still remember the follow-upwork he did with policemen who haddifficulty dealing with the senselessmurder of a fellow officer on ChristmasEve 1983.

Father Barry actually receivedtraining as a hostage negotiator while hewas chaplain. Though he was neverneeded in that capacity, his presence athostage-taking scenes, was greatlyappreciated.

William Garrison, head of theMetro-Dade Police Psychological Serv-ices Department, remembers one par-ticularly tense situation when a womanwas holding her boyfriend at gunpoint.

"It was long and drawn out andlasted over 16 hours," he recalls. "FatherBarry brought down the emotionalcontagion (among policeman) that hap-pens on those scenes," while the psych-ologists were fully occupied dealingdirectly with the armed woman.

Sgt. Taggerty adds that FatherBarry's replacement, Father PaulEdwards, "is a real genuine person" whois known for the amount of time hespends riding with officers.

Father Edwards is one of threechaplains (the others are a Rabbi and anEpiscopalian priest) currently assignedto Metro-Dade. Catholic chaplains arealso assigned to the Highway Patroltroopers and police departments inMiami Beach and Hialeah. Recently,Father Jim Vitucci was named chaplainof the Hollywood police department inBroward.

Pressures on copsEveryone agrees that one aspect

that distinguishes police work as an areawhere chaplains are needed is the largeamount of pressure, both physical andmental, that officers are subjected to.

"There's a high rate of stress thereand, of course, burn-out," says Sr. BethButler, the other Catholic chaplain forthe Miami police. (See accompanyingstory.)

"It's convenient for them to see thechaplains. We're available," she says."They're always so tired, they've got somany things on their mind. They've gotso much to do that to seek us out intheir parish, I'm not saying that theywouldn't do it, but it's our availabilitythat makes it so much easier."

Father Kenneth Whittaker, pastorof St Philip Church in Opa-Locka anddirector of the Archdiccesan cemeteries

Continued on page 11

PAGE 10 / Miami, Florida / THE VOICE / Friday, December 12,198$

4T. Project

'Magi' help girls with educationFlorance Jeanoville and Dawn Simmons

received an early Christmas present this year,thanks to "Magi" who came in the form of Voicereaders.

The fourth and fifth-graders at Holy RedeemerSchool in Liberty City will continue to receive aquality Catholic education because dozens of SouthFlorida Catholics chipped in to raise the $850tuition each of the girls needed to stay in school.

"Oh, bless their hearts," said Sr. ClementinaGivens, principal of Holy Redeemer School, whenshe heard the good news. "They [die girls and theirparents | aie going to be so happy."

The contributions came in small amounts,usually between $5 and $25, although one readercontributed as much as $645 toward ProjectMagi . The youth group of St. Francis de Salesparish in Miami Beach collected $91 and anotherreader enclosed $250 in a Christmas card and wrote,simply: "In Jesus' name."

As of this Wednesday, $4,678 had beencollected for Project T tag i by both The Voiceand La Voz, the Spanish-language newspaper of theArchdiocese which also ran stories on the project.

The last Pro jec t M a g i case is profiledthis week. We can accept only money donations tobe applied toward the purchase of gifts. Theappropriate Catholic agency will make sure thatthose profiled receive their Christmas wish.Duplicate donations will be used to help otherneedy families in similar situations.

Checks should be made payable to: TheVoice, Project f l a g i , and sent to P.O. Box38-1059, Miami, FL, 33238-1059. Donors' nameswill be published unless otherwise requested.

Following is a list of recent contributors:• Carmen Diaz, Miami• Fausto Miranda, Coral Gables• Federico and CristJna Moreno, Coral Gables• Mary and David Briggs, Hollywood• Thomas and Mary Ruth Quinn, Ft.

Lauderdale• Cecilia Mandelowski and Blanche Norwak,

Margate• Muriel Cassidy, Miami• Elsie and Leslie Anne Casden, Miami Beach• John and Mary Jane Bruk, Miami• Kathryn Marti, Pompano Beach• Martha Hughes, Miami

• Jacqueline and Peter Martin, Coral Gables• Capt Steve and Kathleen Nail, Ft Lauderdale• Nancy Maldonado, North Miami• P. Murray, Fort Myers• Mrs. M. Cabrera, Hialeah• Lucy Diaz, Miami Springs• Luane Duffhes and Maurice Foley, Boca Raton,

in the name of Fr. Fpley, Park Ridge, HI.• Jorge Herdocia, Miami• Gloria Lerma, Miami

• Antonio and Alicia Fernandez de Castro,Miami

• John and Shirley Andersen, Pembroke Pines•St. Francis de Sales Youth Group, Miami

Beach• Manuel and Maria Martinez, Hialeah• Juan and Olivia Fernandez, Miami• Mary Jane Spore, North Miami• Mr. and Mrs. Lance S. Ruble, Pembroke

Pines

Family refrigerator needs repairThe past three years have been difficult for Mary, 35. The divorced mother of four almost lost her

Hollywood home after a disability prevented her from working.Recently, however, Mary enrolled in a data processing course offered by the Broward Employmerit and

Training Administration, and it led to a job with a major local company. With help from Catholic FamilyServices in Broward, the family's bills have been paid and other immediate needs have been met.

One major problem remains: the family's refrigerator is on the blink. A repairman told Mary it needs anew compressor, and estimated the cost at $250. Mary doesn't have the money, so the family has beenwithout the use of a refrigerator for more than a month. This has forced them to buy food on a daily basis, anexpensive proposition which doesn't help their already precarious financial situation.

Pictured: Mary, center, and three of her chOdren, from left Marquis, 12; Demetris, 16; Michelle, 14; andConsuela, 14, a friend of the children's whom Mary has taken in because the child's family is experiencingdifficulties.

Chaplains remind cops about faith, GodContinued from page 10

as well as general secretary and promoter, of the Synod, believes that being a

chaplain to state highway troopers is animportant enough assignment to devotetime to nearly every week, despite hisbusy schedule.

Riding with the troopers, he seesfirst-hand the abuse that they have totake from irritated motorists and says heis impressed by their "professionalism."

"I thought oar job required a greatdeal of patience and understanding,"Father Whittaker says.

Policemen have traditionally had ahigh, rate of divorce, alcoholism andsuicide and this is due to the fact, someofficers say, that they always see peopleat their worst.

•Cynical'"Police officers become cynical and

suspicious because of the 'BS' that's puton them all the time," says Sgt.Taggerty. "You stop someone for atraffic infraction where it's obvious thatthey violated the law and they are down-right nasty to you. They cuss you outand you have to remain courteous andnot lose your cool.

"Here a person is driving aMercedes or a Cadillac and they might bea pillar of the community, maybe veryactive in the church, but they certainly

'You select what shift you'regoing to ride and get toknow them. It's a bridgefrom the Church to thecommunity. Because oftheir work schedule policeofficers are often notattending church regularly.'

Fr. Michael Kish,Miami police chaplainand former policeman

lose their Christianity while they'rebeing given a traffic citation."

While little things like traffic stopscan take their toll on a policeman, theofficers also routinely see people, whoare probably guilty of serious offenses,avoid prison by lying or hiring a goodlawyer.

'Just dump'"That's why we need a police

chaplain," says Sgt. Taggerty, "someone

[for] when a guy is totally frustrated,totally upset, over may fee a call he hasjust been on, where he can just dump onanother human being."

LL Ron Brown, a facilitator for thechaplains at the Miami police depart-ment, agrees.

"We have a lot of police officers,"he says, "who because of the stresses ofthe job, need someone, some place toturn to, to kind of walk through these

stressors. Sometimes you can't do thatwith your boss because your boss doeshave the threat of your career."

"I have found chaplains veryeffective in walking through some of theproblems'that police officers encounternot only in their job but in their per-sonal life," Lt. Brown says. The chap-lains are particularly helpful in assistingofficers who are dealing with the traumaof divorce.

"We found that our chaplains reallybecome involved with the families andtry to help not only the officers butmembers of their families, helping themto put the pieces of their life backtogether."

Having a chaplain present is also aconstant reminder that faith can seesomeone through all the hypocrisy,injustice, and human depravity thatpolice officers see up close.

The chaplains may even help someofficers come back to the faith they werebrought up in. . ' • • • .

"The barriers (of suspicion aboutreligion) are beginning to fall," saysSgt. Taggerty of his Metro-Dade station."Now I see more and more officersreturning to their faith."

"I'm amazed at how many guys inour station are now regularly practicingChristians where before they weren'tdoing anything," he says.

Miami, Florida / THE VOICE / Friday, December 12,1986 / PAGE 11

The Voice Miami, Fl. Friday, Dec. 12,1986 Page 12

Christmas and theSingle parent

Joan Wester Anderson

The holidays are approaching and families everywhere are dusting off boxes ofdecorations, preparing party lists, and going shopping. According to Census Bureaufigures, however, about twenty-five percent of these are single-parent families withchildren under eighteen years old. These families will be observing Christmas andNew Year's differently than they once did.

The single-parent household is an established lifestyle in America today, evenamong those with strong religious values. But customs and norms that help mostfamilies enjoy (and cope with) the holidays - the traditional time of togetherness - arenot so well established. How can single-parent families find joy and peace during theChristmas season? And how can we who love them make their holidays specialagain?

the pain of memoryAccording to experts, the first step in

dealing with the holidays is to realize thatthey will be difficult to get through andthat this is perfectly normal. "The firstholiday period (after the loss) is the mosttraumatic," says Ruth Jean Loewinsohn,author of Survival Handbook for Widows."Families want Christmas to be so good,they won't let real feelings in. The strainof keeping things as they always werebecomes unbearable."

Adds a young divorced father, "Of allthe hard times I can remember, holidays asa new single parent have to be the worst.I don't know if it's the smell of evergreenor Chirstmas cookies that makes ithappen, but all the old memories of familylife as it used to be keep coming back."

And although the first holiday seasonis the worst, subsequent Christmases don'tautomatically get easier. "I know'peoplewho have been divorced or widowed forseveral years who still get depressed everyDecember," a permanent deacon observes.

The holidays are difficult because the>bring many powerful memories into sharpfocus and can heighten feelings of anger,guilt, or grief, whether the loss is throughdivorce or death. In addition, according toFather Jim Flosi, director of the ChicagoArchdiocese's Phoenix program, "Friendsof the newly divorced or widowed are soconcerned about saying the 'wrong' thingor inadvertently adding to the pain thatthey remove themselves from therelationship at a time when single peoplemost need the relationship to continue."

Finally, society places certain holidayexpectations on everyone - we're supposedto be cheerful, upbeat, and generous duringthis period, despite difficult conditions athome. Such pressures can be intolerable

she won't be able to give others what they need either." -Perhaps the best Christmas tradition can be the building of an hones

environment, accepting one another's feelings and reactions without imposing"shoulds."

"It's important for grieving families to talk anytime but especially during theholidays," says psycholigist Jessie Potter. "Don't try to be perfect and keep a stiffupper lip. If you feel like weeping, do it, and give your children permission to do ittoo."

Don't avoid mentioning the other parent either. "If everyone could won up tohow sad it is that Dad isn't here," Ruth Loewinsohn says, "there would be a chance toshare, remember, even enjoy the reminiscing."

7 don't know if it's the smell of the evergreen orChristmas cookies that makes it happen, but all theold memories of family life as it used to be keepcoming back'

'Families want Christmas to be so good, they won'tlet real feelings in. The strain of keeping things asthey always were becomes unbearable'

must

I nenJs ...in .IIMMII.II .ix iM'.Mi'ii.il hihililien I-n eii.niiUi.u-.ol m\ J I

for a grieving family unless they recognize the situation and take steps to handle it.

Letting goWhen one person is no longer part of the household, it means that the rest of

the group must let go of family life as it used to be and build something new. Thisprocess of letting go and rebuilding does not happen overnight It is an ongoingprocess, and families adjust to it in different ways. Children show many of the samereactions as adults and have their own unique timetables and methods for coping.

Thus there is no one "right" way to get through the holidays, no singlesolution or tradition that will ease the discomfort of letting go. Instead, each familyhas to try on different Christmas customs to see which ones will fit.

For example, is it absolutely necessary to continue the traditional (and time-consuming) turkey feast? What would happen if the children prepared a simple mealto give Mom a break or switched the festivities to Christmas Eve or took over allthe decorations or giftTwrapping? (Ask the kids how they feel and what is importantto them.) If small fry are spending part of the holidays with the noncustodial parent,how will the "other" parent use the extra time?

Children do need the security of some Christmas customs and rituals, but it isnot necessary for a single parent to do it all. Grandparents or aunts can take smallchildren shopping (especially if they are buying gifts for the non-custodial parent).Friends can offer to accompany kids to organized holiday events to give a "not up toit yet" adult a break. - . - • '

"Far too many parents try to make it up to the children by buying them toomany gifts p'r trying to create a perfect holiday, even at the expense of their own well-befogAsays one family therapist "But if a parent doesn't consider her own needs,

Help from friendsWink M I H O \\iu-m tjniil

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;i-k In help M.mv M I H I 1 pjieiiis don't.Thus liunils IIIU-I K- pK-|\ncd iin.omeu p w n i l •U- ' - IOSIIHIIS I x - i . s - J H li-r a

• • • • • • ^ ^ • • • • • • ^ ^ r ~ walk tonight in the snow." "We'retaking our gang to Midnight Mass. Would you like a ride?" Be specific. Vaguegeneralities such as "Let us know if there's anything we can do" are well-intended butfew single parents will act on them.

When offering practical assistance we might also keep in mind that for many,single parenthood is synonymous with economic need. Despite appearances,especially in suburban communities, nearly half the households headed by women arebelow the poverty line and others are involved in a quiet but exhausting effort tomake ends meet. The money crunch can be especially heartbreaking at Christmas,when children anticipate receiving gifts and special meals.

And that's what friends are for. Some gaily wrapped packages left anonymouslyon the front porch or a casserole or extra clothes casually delivered ("I thought youmight find a place for this") can keep pride intact and provide welcome assistance atthe same time.

Finally, friends and family members should respect a single parent's wisheswhere holidays are soncerned. If you feel your widowed sister and her children shouldcelebrate at your house and they'd rather be alone, don't make an issue of it. If yournewly divorced son refuses to take part in family festivities and goes backpackinginstead, respect his wishes. Much as we would like, we cannot carry another'sburden.

Acceptance, reconciliation, and healing happen best when a hurt person isallowed to work it out in his or her own way while surrounded by a support groupthat silently shares the ache. By loving and caring, we show our wounded friends thetrue meaning of Christmas and help them to find their own joy again.

(Joan Wester Anderson is the author of several books on family andmotherhood.) (Reprinted from The Liguorian, Ligourl, Mo., 63057)

MixedmarriageMasses

Q. What is the Catholic lawregarding mixed marriages atMass? I have attended severalweddings in the past few yearswhere Masses have been offeredeven though one party is notCatholic. ^

Isn't it even more important

ByFr.JohnDietzen

for the Catholic and non-Catholic to receive the specialblessings of a nuptial Mass?(Illinois)

A. Catholic legislation doesprovide for the possibility of thecelebration of a nuptial Mass at thewedding of a Catholic and a baptizednon-Catholic. :

This possibility has existed for 17years now. It is provided for in the Riteof Marriage (Introduction, No. 8) and inPope Paul VI's letter determining normsfor interfaith marriages in 1970.

The most obvious reason, ofcourse, is that according to our theologythe marriage of any two baptizedpersons is a sacrament, a communion oflife between two people who because oftheir Christian faith are in a special wayan image of the love between Jesus andhis church.

So what you have seen is not at alluncommon or outside the law.

It must be said, however, as isrepeated often in our church's documentson marriage, that such a possibilitymust be implemented with great carethat it does not harm more than help theunity of Christian people, particularlythe unity of the new husband and wife.

Many concerns must be evaluatedby the bride and groom. Does thecelebration of the Eucharist, or asProtestants often refer to it, the Lord'sSupper, really have a religioussignificance for the non-Catholicpartner? If it does, Mass may constitutea significant element in the wedding

^ceremony; if not it would be somethingonly the Catholic would find important.I'm assuming here, of course, mat theCatholic partner is a person ofintelligent faith and is reasonablypracticing his or her faith. If that is nottrue, celebration of Mass as part of thewedding cermony could be asmeaningless for the Catholic as for thenon-Catholic.

Family feelings and belief alsomust be considered. If the nonTCatholicfamily, from its religious traditions, canappreciate the significance of theEucharist in a marriage ceremony theremight be some advantage to having it.

Another concern: Without specialpermission, the non-Catholic partnerwould not be able to join in reception ofthe Eucharist at the Mass. This couldseem divisive to the attending family aswell as to the couple themselves.

For these reasons, both partnersmust Sincerely desire the celebration ofthe Eucharist at their wedding. Theymust decide whether it will bespiritually helpful or not for themselvesand their loved ones.

(Copyright 1986 byNC News Service)

Nobody's perfectJoAnn is one of those women who tend to make other

women feel jealous. She's thin, pretty, intelligent andgraduated from a prestigious women's college. She's lovely toothers, always smiling and never seems to have anyproblems.

That's why her co-workers were so surprised when shecollapsed at work one recent afternoon with what turned outto be a duodenal ulcer, probably brought on by severe stress.

I ran into JoAnn a few days ago, her first day up out ofbed a week after her ordeal. I asked howshe was feeling."Fine, great, I'm really better," she assured me smiling. Forwhatever reason, JoAnn is not the kind of person who showsher pain.

We've all met people who seem "perfect," whose livesappear to be so much easier than our own. Probably most ofus have succumbed to feelings of resentment occasionally.

But I think we assume too much by looking at people'sexteriors and judging what's happening on the inside. Justbecause people hide fears, insecurities or pains, doesn't meanthey don't have those feelings.

The sad part is that all too often it takes a tragedy toremind us that we never really know what another person'spains arid struggles are. The saddest example I have ever seenwas a beautiful young girl I knew for several years whoseemed to have an ideal life laid out in front of her. She wasalways charming, alert and apparently happy, and her friendswere a bit envious.

One day, seemingly out of nowhere, her mind snappedand less than a year later this beautiful girl committed suicideat the age of 23. There had never been a hint of anythingwrong and no one would have guessed the pain she had beenhiding under the surface for who knows how long.

The seemingly storybook life of Grace Kelly is anothersuch instance. When she died a few years ago in anautomobile crash I got a different view of what privilege

ByAntoinetteBosco

really was.What came out after her death was how much she hated the

fairy tale image people had of her. "I think of myself as amodern woman who has had to deal with all kinds ofproblems," she said.

It may not be fair that some people have great beauty,wealth and opportunity handed to mem while others have tostruggle for every penny and every chance to improve theirlives. Yet we never know what anyone's inner burdens may be.

We know so little about one another's real situationsbecause we're constantly interpreting other people's actions,reactions and circumstances through our own limitedexperience. And our petty jealousies and judgments are justanother example of the grass being greener on the other side.

We have to keep striving for the maturity to avoidcomparing our own lives with the lives of others who appearbetter off. We shouldn't have to witness tragedy in the life ofsomeone who seemed perfect to recognize that nobody on earthhas it easy.

Each one of us has problems to work through as we growtowards deeper spirituality. The only way to do it is to acceptour own unique situation and try to live our own lives as wellas possible.'

(Copyright (c) 1986 by NC News Service)

A man of GodCan a Catholic priest who leaves the active ministry

still function as a. specially chosen instrument of God? Yes,without any doubt. Perhaps not as a priest in the strict sense,but as prophet and a man of God. Let me give you a case inpoint.

On July 29, 1986 in a brief ceremony at the Capitolsteps in Washington, D.C., Angelo (Charlie) Liteky, aformer army chaplain, protested America's involvement inNicaragua by renouncing the country's highest honor. "I findit ironic," he said, "that conscience calls me to renounce theCongressional Medal of Honor for the same basic reason Ireceived it—trying to save lives."

In Vietnam, on Dec. 6, 1976, according to the citation,Father Liteky "stood up in the face of hostile fire andpersonally directed the medivac helicopters into and out of acombat area. Despite painful wounds in the neck and foot,Captain Liteky had personally carried over 20 men to safetyduring the savage fighting."

When he returned to the States he came to believe thatthe U.S. had not been telling the truth about the Vietnamwar. He now questions the stories we are being told aboutNicaragua. He said, "I am not being duped by any slickSandinista government. I am, however,, an advocate of theU.S. Government and I am responsible for what it does in thename of America." .

I am proud of Charlie Liteky. His fast for peace lasted

time capsules

ByFr.JohnCatoir

50 days and forced me to face this issue. Are we conducting animmoral war in Nicaragua? Innocent lives are being destroyedby the hundreds in this covert military action. Are we beingtold the whole truth about it? I think not. The Americansbishops agree, this is not a just war.

Charlie Liteky left the active priesthood some years agoand married." He remains a man of truth and a real mediatorbetween God and man. I've never met him but he has myrespect and admiration. ' - •

(For a free copy of the Christopher News Note,Taking a Risk for Peace, send a stamped, self-addressed envelope to The Christophers, 12 East48 Street, New York, New York 10017.)

By Frank Morgan

'Simon the Crazy'The sixth century Syrian saint, Simon Salus, was called

Simon the Crazy with good reason. By all accounts, hebehaved like Robin Hood as performed by the Marx Brothers.He tried to help the poor, especially harlots, by shopliftingprovisions on their behalf. When not actually breaking thelaw, he behaved publicly like a lunatic. People accepted hisconduct as appropriate in the ascetic tradition of being a foolfor Christ's sake. The tradition of eccentric mendicantsplaying the part of roving village idiots started by SimonSalus, became prevalent among Orthodox Christiansespecially in Russia.

* • *

The game of chess was invented by Hindus in ancientIndia. It traveled from India to Persia during the 6th century.The word chess comes from the Persian word "shah" whichmeans king, while checkmate comes from the Persian words"ahah mat" which means "the king is dead." The name of therook comes from the Persian word for soldier.

The Arabs learned the game when they conquered Persiain the 600's. The brought chess with them to Spain and fromthere it spread throughout Europe where in the 10th century

the general and the elephant of the Persian game became thepresent day Queen and Bishop.

Benjamin Franklin made chess popular in the UnitedStates.

In medieval English law, anyone witnessing a crime wasobliged to make it known immediately and to raise the "hue andcry" against the perpetrator. Everyone in the vicinity was boundto take up the cry and the pursuit. Failure of anyone to raise the"hue and cry" or join in the pursuit were punishable by fines.

You know you're getting older when:Almost everything hurts. What doesn't hurt doesn't work

anymore.All the names in your little black book end in M.D.You get winded playing chess.You still chase women but can't remember why.Your knees buckle and your belt won'tYou sink your teeth into a steak and they stay there.A little gray-haired old lady tries to help you across the

street. She's your wife.

Miami, Florida / THE VOICE / Friday, December 12,1986 / PAGE 13

Post-mastectomy depressionDear Dr. Kenny: I had my left breast

removed last month after cancer had beendiscovered. Now I am very depressed,feeling what's the use of living, and haveeven thought of suicide.

Strangely, I think I handled the crisisitself rather maturely. Sure, I was upsetwhen my doctor told me there was amalignancy, but I thought it through andmade a good decision. I even breezedthrough my stay in the hospital. Myfriends could not believe how brave I was.But know l4nn falling apart.

My husband tries to be supportive, buthe doesn't know what to make of me. I feelso unbeautiful. And knowing the possiblityof of a recurrence makes me feel why getstarted on anything new. I am only 37. Mytwo children wonder why I am crying all thetime.

I need to get on with my life, torediscover my energy and enthusiasm.Please help me. -- New York.

Your feelings are very normal. What you describeis similar to what most women who lose a breast gothrough.

Ask your physician to put you in touch withother women in the area who have had a mastectomy.Get together with them. They are usually glad to help,as I suspect you will: be too. They are the experts.

By Dr.James andMary Kenny

I like your letter very much because you are sohonest You use the word "cancer." You say how youfeel. Some women give themselves an immpossiblehandicap because they try to deny as much as they can.

Yes, the possibility of death is a real and heavyissue. Your physician can give you the odds on acomplete recovery without any recurrence. But thereare no guarantees.

The only answer to the increased possibility ofdeath is to live your life more fully. Live eachmoment as if it were your last. This is a goodmessage for all of us. Life itself is terminal.

However, research shows that women who lose abreast are more worried about a diminished sexual self-concept than about mortality. There is a sense ofmutilation, the loss of feelings of femininity. Breastsare very real symbols of worth and beauty.

Don't avoid the issue. Women do not like to losea breast You need to mourn its loss.

After accepting its loss, you need to express all

your feelings about the surgery; feeling unattractive,worried about death. Sad. Angry. Empty. Jealeous.And then the good feelings: brave. Proud that you arebeginning to cope. Sensitivity to the pain of others.Loving life.

You can appear as beautiful as you did before yoursurgery.

Hospitals and women's support groups can teachyou how to make a simple breast prosthesis. Use theiradvice and expertise. Pride in your appearance islegitimate, and it is important to your sef-confidence.

Husbands are terribly important at this time. Thehusband must communicate that ftis wife is still anattractive sexual partner. Most husbands are eager tohelp and do not feel any revulsion at the loss. In fact,one husband even told his wife, "Your scar turns meon."

We grow, not from our satisfactions, but in howwe handle our challenges. Fortunately orunfortunately, life presents us with them regularly.You have a major one.

Like little else, losing a breast depresses awoman. Reflect on what it is that truly makes youbeautiful and worthwhile. Your are as beautiful as youlet yourself feel.

(Reader questions on family living andchild care to be answered in print areinvited. Address questions to the Kennys,Box 872, St. Joseph's College, Rensselaer,Ind. 47978.)

1986: A year to forget"This wasn't your year, was it?" a friend asked.I smiled. "No, it wasn't, but next year is sure to

be better."She laughed. "Our bad year was in 1979. If we

could get through that one, we can get throughanything. We had illness, unemployment and troubleswith a teenager. It was our year to forget."

I know what she means. In a one year periodbeginning with last Thanksgiving, we lost agrandparent to sudden death, went through severeillness and a move with another grandparent, andsurvived a horrible head-on auto crash involving myhusband and son. We're all okay now, praise God,although we still have casts and nightmares over whatcould have been.

I've long noticed that misfortune in families, likebroken appliances, seems to come in threes- or foursand fives. I don't know if one initiates the next but weexperienced firsthand the phenomena of barelyrecovering from one major problem before anotherattacked.

Emotional energy becomes drained and it getsincreasingly difficult to dredge up resources to deal withthe new. One is tempted to run away, to throw up yourhands and say, "I can't handle anymore, God."

Family matters

ByDoloresCurran

I saw this in myself in September. We survived anightmarish August with a sudden hospitalization ofour grandmother 500 miles distant quick flights,changes of plans and a major lifestyle change for her.

Five days after we felt relieved about her health,we experienced the automobile accident, the airliftingof my son by helicopter from the mountains to thehospital emergency room, hospital visits, suddenlychanged plans, and all the trauma that that theunexpected engenders.

When a week later, a disturbed man made athreatening call claiming he had kidnapped my

husband, I couldnt dredge up any panic. I was all out. Ihung up, called my husband's office and found himthere. But once again I prayed fervent words of thanksto God for deliverance. He worked overtime for us inAugust and September.

As I said, we're fine now but I reflect on thewhys. Why such a year? What did God have in mind?What good came of it?

Like most families, we have sailed alongsmoothly for years. Then suddenly we learned that wearen't in control, that God is. I believe this simpletruth is the reason He sends families a month or a yearlike ours, to remind us of our fragility and dependenceupon his redeeming love.

The year brought us together, tested our strengthsand exposed our weaknesses. Most of all, it renewedour faith and trust in a caring God who showed us onceagain that He loves us passionately, unconditionally,and constantly. • . •

I met a man who went through a separation, wasdiagnosed with cancer, and saw his company fold in asix month period. "I'll make it," he said, "because .Godcares about me." Simple faith, simple truth, but all heneeds to go on.

Coping with loss begins in childhoodBy Sr. Virginia McCall, PBVM,

Dir. Ministry to Separated and Divorced,Family Enrichment Center

Part of being human is to experience the pain ofloss. This may be the death of a child, parent orspouse. Or the loss may be the result of separation anddivorce. The person whose life's energy has beendirected toward their work and then is forced to retiremust grieve. The one whose primary identity has beento parent experiences within a form of death as childrenbegin to leave home.

We cope with such losses in a variety of wayswhich for the most part reflect our_experiences aschildren. Parents communicate both directly andindirectly how a child is expected to deal with feelings.In my family the message was "Don't talk about it andthe pain will go away." Two such events come tomind from my childhood.

My family had a large white collie. For as longas I could remember Spot had been my friend andcompanion. We ran and played together every day.Bigger than I was, I would put my arms around her andtell her all my problems.

One day when I was nine years old my dad camehome from work and said to me, "Ginny, come intothe bedroom. I want to talk to you."

I remember vividly sitting on edge of the bedlistening to my dad's gentle words, "Tommy and hisfriends went out hunting today. They took Spot withthem. As they were crossing a railroad bridge, theyheard a train coming. The boys were able to get out ofthe way but Spot didn't make it. She was killed."

My world was shattered, yet my dad continued,"Tommy feels really bad about this so I don't want youto talk about it" And I didn't. Walking from theroom in stoic silence, I hid my pain from everyone.

This experience was reinforced several years laterwhen my father died. We had just left the hospitalwhen a friend of mine arrived. I began running towardsher. I wanted to put my arms around her and tell herthat my dad was dead. But I never had the opportunity.

My aunt rushed over saying as she led me away,"Leave her alone. Her father just died." I didn't see myfriend for several weeks. It was years before I evertalked to anyone about my father's death. But thefeelings of loss were there so I grieved alone...just as Iwas taught.

So many of us grieve alone. Those childhoodmessages are deeply rooted and often seem to be theonly way to cope. However, the pain doesn't go awayby not talking about it. Because it lies buried withinus, we can't run from the pain as much as we may try.It helps to be able to identify the sources of our copingmechanisms and to examine their effectiveness as weface losses in our adult lives. Every loss requires anatural process of grief before we can once again feelthat life has meaning.

We need people in our byes and we need to findappropriate ways to surface our feelings so that they nolonger control us...so that we can let go and move onwith our lives. For persons who are separated ordivorced, support groups can provide this source ofunderstanding and security and eventually the challengeto get on with their life. Perhaps there is also a needfor other kinds of support groups to deal with death,retirement,growing children or a particular illness.

It is those who have experienced the loss anddiscovered the positive effects of support who can bestminister to others in similar situations. Perhapsbecause you have hurt, you are now being called to bea source of strength to those who still suffer.

PAGE 14 / Miami, Florida / THE VOICE / Friday, December 12,1986

Once-new series lose promiseAs we rocket toward Christmas, I

see, through the aft window, the quickly-fading outline of the City of RuinedDreams wherein dwell the corpses ofthis year's once-new TV series. Beforethey become only a distant memory, I'dlike to comment on a few of them. (Ifyou bear with me, I'll then share someof your recent comments on columns.This is known as the carrot-and-stickmethod of gaining readership.)

ByJamesBrerHere are my thoughts on some of

the new shows:Life with Lucy has gone into

"hiatus," which is networkese for "It'scancelled, but we can't admit it yet."

'The episodes I saw were dreary andunfunny, sort of like Februaryafternoons. Lucy seemed wed to cuecards and the physical gags caused me todo the same.

LA, Law has the potential to beanother St Elsewhere but, so far, ithasn't lived up to if. While "St. E." istouching, funny, daring and evenSpiritual, L.A. Law lingers ontransvestites, nearly pornographic one-liners (a remark about one lawyer'sfinger should have been censored) andsuch "hot" topics as cocaine. I'll give ita while longer, but it needs to spruceitself up by introducing some likablecharacters and plots which concern legalethics rather than who's sleeping withwhom.

Sledge Hammer is supposed to bea delightful parody of such vengencemovies as Clint Eastwood's "DirtyHarry" and any Chuck Norris tribute tomayhem. They forgot the delight andthe parody. Meanwhile, what's beingpitched as a kiddie comedy contains agreat deal of violence.

Alf is my eight-year-old's currentfavorite. This is the NBC sitcom abouta muppet-like space visitor who disruptsthe lives of a sitcom family. While itcontains some funny one-liners, Alf

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has yet to cause me to drop everythingand rush to my set (except when"everything" is something my wifewants me to do.)

Designing Women began with anenviable time slot between Newhart andCagney and Lacey which may accountfor its survival until now. With its newlocation, this comedy about four Atlantawomen may not survive, despite itswelcome dose of Southern accents. Allin all, you all, it seems to do an awfullot of its thinking from the waist down.

And now your reward. With thosemini-Teviews out of the way let's lookat some recent comments from readers.

A New York nun wrote in responseto my favorable review of the firstepisode of Moonlighting this year. Saidshe, "I found (the show) crude and

absolutely tasteless." Ouch! ~A lot of people wrote with their

reaction to my columns on the opinionsof bishops about television. Forexample, a California woman said, "Putmy vote on the bishops to definitelywatch more television. It would makeour jobs as parents educators andconcerned Catholics much easier."

An Arizona man wrote: "Severalyears in the Peace Corps in ruralEthiopia made me realize that life ispossible- in fact, much deeper and richer-without television... My suggestion isthat the TV be altered to receive onlythe PBS channel or else donate the thingto a hospital and live life firsthand."

A similar view came from a NewYorker: "I have come to the conclusionthat the minuses (of TV) outweigh the

pluses and that pur culture would bebetter off if TV had never beeninvented."

But a nun from the same area tooka less iconoclastic stance, saying, "Theanswer is to be selective. Most of thesitcoms are inane; police shows, tooviolent; and soaps, sinful. However, ifit weren't for TV I would never haveseen some beautiful operas, concerts andballets."

(One show which you might wantto consider as evidence on behalf of TVis coming up Dec. 14 when CBS willoffer "Promise," starring James Garnerand James Woods. This Hallmark Hallof Fame presentation conerns a middle-aged bachelor who must care for hismentally-ill brother after the death oftheir mother.)

'Therese' examines cloistered nun's lifeTherese A-mThe life of a young girl who

became a cloistered Carmelite nun at theage of 15 is chronicled in thisimpressionistic account of exemplarypiety and unconditional love. DirectorAlain Cavalier visualizes exquisitely thesimplicity and beauty of the interior lifeexpressed in a religious communityWhose traditions may be more confusingthan elevating for youngsters. The U.S.Catholic Conference classification is A-Ilf --adults. The film is not rated bythe Motion Picture Associaton ofAmerica.

Solarbabies A-IIThrough uncompromising friend-

ship and team effort, a group of non-conformist teens break away from theircaptivity in a dry, harsh and cruel adultworld of the future to savethemselves, a mystical crystal ball andtheir pre-teen mascot from evil. Sci-fi

escapist fantasy features endless roller-skating sequences, fanciful butderivative wasteland sets and stylizedviolence. The U.S. CatholicConference classification is A-II - adultsand adolescents. The Motion PictureAssociation of America rating is PG-13 -- parents strongly cautioned to providespecial guidance for attendance ofchildren under 13.

Capsule reviews

Song of the South A-IRe-issue of the classic Disney

musical mix of animation and liveaction featuring James Baskett as theamiable old storyteller who helps ayoungster understand the way of theworld through folktales. Brer Rabbit,Brer Fox and Brer Bear are the animated

characters with charm, emotions and alesson to learn. The U.S. CatholicConference classification is A-I .-- general patronage. The MotionPicture Association of America rating isG - general audiences.

Three Amigos A-IISteve Martin stars and produces but

doesn't dominate this pictorially grandbut sometimes stylistically brutalWestern parody about three actorsplaying silly caballeros in a Mexicanvillage which mistakes them for hiredguns. Martin Short and Chevy Chaseprovide the slapstick and wit in directorJohn Landis' continued obsession withphysical comedy and dangerous stunts.Some rough language limits itssuitability for the very young. TheU.S. Catholic Conference classificationis A-II - adults and adolescents. TheMotion Picture Association of Americarating is PG.

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Miami, Florida / THE VOICE / Friday, December 12,1986 / PAGE 15

HELPING HAND.It's a problem the Miami Archdiocese, short of priests, could envy-too many priests-to-be and not enough seminary. Nevertheless, theSeminary of Notre Dame in Haiti, the only one In that country,had no funds to expand their facilities and turned to Miami for help.Over $100,000 was raised by area parishes, including $2,000 raisedby Haitians themselves at the Haitian Catholic center, for additionalclassrooms and bed space. Receiving a $109,000 check from Arch-bishop McCarthy, Fr. Vincent Kelly, Supt. of Schools (second fromleft), and Pr. Thomas Wenski, pastor of the Notre Dame de Haiti Miss-ion (far right), are seminary rector Fr. Joseph Lafontant (third fromleft) and faculty member Fr. Andre Pierre, (far left).

Dr. Halpern to speak atfamily workshop

Nationally syndicated columnistand author Howard Halpern, P.HJD., isfeatured in "Passages through Life," afamily workshop free seminar sponsoredby St. Francis Hospital on Dec. 13, 10a.m., at the hospital, 250 West 63rd st..Miami Beach.

Most noted for his "On Your Own"column which appears regularly in TheMiami Herald and about 40 othernewspapers nationwide, Dr. Halpern isthe author of many articles and fourbooks including "Cutting Loose" and"How to Break Your Addiction to aPerson."

For over 30 years Dr. Halpern'sabiding interest has been in theworkings and dysfunctions of parent-child interactions and love relationshipswhich he will discuss at the workshop.

Other workshops will be held ontopics that include "Midlife Crisis" and"The Later Years."

St. Francis Hospital's FamilyWorkshop offers free monthly seminarsfeaturing nationally known and locallyrespected speakers focusing on

Barry U,5 St. Francis open podiatry centerBarry University and St. Francis

Hospital are announcing theestablishment of the St. Francis-BarryPodiatry Center. This joint venture willprovide quality podiatric care utilizingcombinedclinical and academic expertiseof the two prestigious institutions.Scheduled to open on Feb. 1, 1987,there will be centers located in both

Miami and St. Francis Hospital onMiami Beach.

Sr. JeanneOLaughlin, President ofBarry University and Sister MargaretMcManus, President of St. FrancisHospital, along with other members oftheir administrative staffs, finalizedmonths of planning at a Nov. 19meeting to establish the St. Francis-

Wilbur, Ruth WiesmannA Mass of Christian burial was

concelebrated Monday in St. IgnatiusCathedral, Palm Beach "Gardens, forWilbur and Ruth Wiesmann, whose sonis a priest of the Archdiocese of Miami.

Father Gary Wiesmann, director ofBoys town of Florida and secretary toAuxiliary Bishop Norbert L. Dorsey, C.P. , was the principal celebrant of theMass. Concelebrating with him wereBishop Thomas Daily of Palm Beach,Bishop Dorsey and priests of theArchdiocese and Diocese of Palm Beach.

Mr. Wiesmann, 74, and Mrs.Wiesmann, 71, both died on Dec. 4following long illnesses with cancer.They came to South Florida in 1960from Cincinnati and formerly owned andoperated a dry cleaning business inRiviera Beach.

In additon to Father Wiesmann,Mr. Wiesmann is survived by adaughter, Mrs. Laverne Justice; two

sisters, Mrs. Ardella Smith and Mrs.Thelma Shroyer, both of Cincinnati;and a brother Joseph Azzuza, Ca!

Burial was in Royal PalmMemorial Cemetery.

Vocations Awarenessweekend

Young men and women who are atleast seniors in high school and who areinterested in knowing more about thepriesthood and religious life are invitedto a Vocation Awareness Day on Dec.20 at the Youth Center, 3333 S. MiamiAve. from 9:30 a.m. to 3 p.m.Donation is $2. Bring your own lunch.

Cat. Center closedThe Archdiocesan Catechetical

Center will be closed to the public fromDec. 26 through Jan. 2. Business asusual 9 a.m.-4:30 p.ra Jan. 5.

Barry Podiatry Center. ;

"The joint effort will create an even •closer relationship between two ofMiami's largest Catholic institutions,"comments Sr. Margaret McManus."This is the second such combinedundertaking for Barry University and St.Francis Hospital, the first being themutual construction and operation of anursing home."

The two facilities are workingtogether on an increasing basis with theeventual goal being that St. Francis willbecome the teaching hospital for BarryUniversity.

Pace sponsors Tonof Love'

On Wednesday, November 26th theentire student body of Msgr. EdwardPace High School celebrated the secondannual "Ton of Love" food drive. Theschool's social justice program thatsponsored the event, collected, weightedand distributed over two tons of food.

The food collected this year went tothe Haitian Center, El Salvador and theCamillus House. The two week longcampaign ended with a school Mass tocelebrate the/Thanksgiving holiday.

The food drive is only one of manycharitable activities sponsored by theschool, which requires 20 hours ofcommunity service prior to graduation.

educational, psychological and clinicalaspects designed to help today's familiesdeal with out changing society.

For reservations call Joyce Buck,RN, at 868-2736.

Drug, alcoholhalfway house

openedA halfway house for boys who

have drug or alcohol addictions, RegisHouse (Albergue Jesuit), opened Dec. 8at 320 N.E. 23rd st. in Miami, createdas an outreach program of Gesu parish.'

Regis House is offering a holistic90 day treatment program for boysbetween ages 10-20. The program dealswith three aspects of the boys' recovery:physical, psychological, and spiritual.The staff includes Executive Director Fr.Francisco Lerena, assistant pastor atGesu, and Program Director PhyllisKoch who has a background incounseling. In addition severalprofessionals are serving as volunteerstaffers.

Regis House is currently offering aday program from 9:30 a.m. to 6 p.m.that includes remedial courses that countas credit in the Dade County PublicSchools. Following treatment RegisHouse has job referral and job placementprograms and follows-up on its clients.

For more information contactPhyllis Koch at 576-LORD.

Dialogue on sexand love at

Youth CenterThe Rev. Paul Marx, O.S.B.,

President of Human Life Internationalbased in Washington D.C., and SisterLucille Durbcher C.S. J. head of HumanLife International-Canada, will discussand dialogue with youth on modernproblems pertaining to sex and love,chastity and dating, right and wrongabout boy-girl relationships and alliedsubjects.

Father Marx and Sister Lucillehave as teachers, counselors and authors,a life-long experience in guiding youthnationally and internationally.

The title of the talk to be presentedis "Sex, Love and Youth Today"; acordial invitation is extended to all theyouth of the Archdiocese to attend thetalk on Dec. 15 at 8 p,m. at theArchdiocese of Miami Youth Center,3333 South Miami Ave. Films andslides will be shown.

The Women of Light monthlyBible Breakfast, sponsored by theArchdiocese of Miami will be held on Dec.20 from 9 a.m. to 11:30 a.m. at the FtLauderdale North Holiday Inn, 4900Povrerline Rd. $8 per person includesscripture teaching, breakfast, music and* apersonal sharing by guest speaker.Reservations must be made by Wednesdayprior to breakfast. For reservations callNancy at 752-3008 or Lila at 753-2037.

The Men of Good News will hosta breakfast on Dec. 27 at 8:30 a.m. at thePlantation Holiday Inn. Fr. David Smith,Associate pastor of Annunciation Churchwill be speaker. Cost: $6. Call Campo at764-2451 or 472-8085. For this breakfastspouses, family and friends of the men areinvited.

The North Dade CatholicWidow and Widowers Club will hold aChristmas party on Dec. 20th at 7 p.m. atthe Visitation Church Social Hall, 100 N.E.191st st , Miami. AH faiths welcome. Call651-5539 or 652-3052.

Happenings Singles is having anOutstanding Singles Party on Dec. 19 at 9p.m. at the Diplomat Hotel, 3515 SouthOcean Drive, Hollywood. Dancing, liveband, continuous Hors D'Oeuvres, giftdrawings and surprises. Admission $6. Formore information call Sharon Silver at 385-1255.

The Women's InternationalLeague for Peace and Freedom andthe South Florida Peace Coalitionare sponsoring a Candle-Light Vigil forPeace on Dec. 25 at 7 p.m. at 17th st andWashington Ave. in Miami Beach. For moreinfo call 279-1462.

The Catholic Widowers Clubof Hollywood will hold its monthlymeeting on Jan. 2 at Nativity Parish Hall,700 Chaminade Dr, Hollywood at 7:30 p.m.Speaker: Victor DeBianchi, attorney. Music,dancing and refreshments.Guests $3. Forfurther information call Mary at 921-0685.After 6 p,m. call Lee at 922-5114.

St Gregory Women's Guild ishbsting their annual Fashion Show lunch-

eon Dec. 13 at 11:30 a.m. at theBonaventure Hotel and Spa in Ft. Lauderdale.For more information call Mrs. Andrews at472-5288.

The Dominican Laity, ThirdOrder of St. Dominic, St. ThomasAquinas Chapter, will hold theirChristmas meeting Dec. 21st at Cor JesuChapel at Barry U. beginning on 11:30 a.m.Visitors welcome.

St. Henry's Church in PompanoBeach will host a New Year's Eve party onDec. 31 from 9:30 p.m. to 1:30 a.m. Bigband orchestra. $40 per person. Forinformation and reservations call 785-2450.

The Clergy Dialogue group ofNCCJ meets once a month at S t ThomasUniversity. This Dec. 17 they will meet at10 a.m. The topics will be HebrewMidrashic literature and the infancynarratives.

The Youth Group of St.Vincent de Paul Catholic Churchwill present Noche de Paz on Dec. 20-21 at8:30 p.m. The musical is based on the birth

of Jesus. Admission $3 for adults and $1children. Held on outside patio. The church,is located at 2000 N.W. 103rd St. '

The Catholic CharismaticRenewal of the Archdiocese of Miami willhave a Life in the Spirit Seminar at StBrendan's Church for ten consecutiveMondays beginning in Jan. 12 at 8 p.m. inthe old church. The seminar will be offeredin English and all are invited. Forregistration please come early on Jan. 12. Ifyou need more information call C.CR.Phone: 925-8464 in Hollywood.

The Catholic Campus MinistryAssociation will hold their Eastern Study ̂Week at Barry University on Jan. 2-6.Participants are involved in pastoral ministryand various kinds of personal counseling.

St. Timothy Holy NameSociety will host a New Years Eve danceon Dec. 31 at the Queen of Peace Hall, 5400S.W. I02nd Ave. 7:30 buffet. Dancing: 8:30to 1 a.m. Music by Music Makers band. Forreservations call Joe Reid at 274-4221.

PAGE 16 / Miami, Florida /THE VOICE /Friday, December 12,1986

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Miami, Florida / THE VOICE / Friday, December 12,1986 / PAGE 17

The cause ofthe poor isthe cause ofGod/

Fr. GustavoGutierrez, 'father* of. Jiberation theology

Violence is not part of liberation theologyBy Katharine BirdNC News Service

Numerous liberation theologiesexist in the church and in the world— one for women, another for blacks,another for native Americans, JesuitFather Alfred Hennelly says inintroducing people to the topic.

His special interest is in theliberation theology which "arose inLatin America during the last 20years," explains the theologian whoteaches at Fordham University in NewYork City. To see why it developed,he thinks a graphic image is useful:

Imagine visiting Lima, Peru, abeautiful colonial city of 1 millionpeople, with great boulevards andbeautiful parks. But all around it arewhat a German theologian calls "thecircles of death," the priest says.These are the slums where another 2million people live in destitution.Here the basic necessities of life-- food, running water, housing --aremissing. People fight over garbage forfood.

That is the situation "in mostlarge cities of Latin America," FatherHennelly says. It contrasts sharplywith the U.S. situation where the poorlive in the core of cities with theprosperous suburbs all around. "InLatin America it is impossible not to .see the poor," he explains.

Asked to define liberationtheology, Father Hennelly replies thatit is "a form of theological reflectionwhich places great emphasis onquestions of social justice and re-interprets many aspects of theology togive this aspect pre-eminence." Some,he adds, call this a "preferential optionfor the poor."

Vatican n placed a spotlight onjustice issues, he recalls.

Liberating peoplehere at home

By Father Herbert WeberNC News Service

Liberation theology, most often spoken of in reference to Latin • .America, states that the Christian message is hope of liberation for all-wnoare unfrce. To speak of liberation means reviewing what enslaves orimprisons. , , . .

In the Gospels, Jesus spent much time with those who were the victimsof the closed minds of others. They were the outciw- «hc> received rebuffrather than acceptance. .

That type of enslavement still exists. Virtually e\ery high school orgrade school class has someone who is shunned because of his or herdifferences. A young man told me that he has never overcome the fact thathe had never fit in any group at school. .

Jesus the liberator set people free socially as well as spiritually. Thechurch and her members have to find ways today to continue Christ's work ofliberating. Sometimes the burden of othen; can only be lifted bytransforming a society or a system mat tends to enslave. Not long ago, anumber of church groups, including statewide conferences of bishops,supported a boycott that would allow farm workers in the United States toorganize and negotiate with a major food processor.

Happily, an agreement was reached. The newly created contractrepresents an attempt to change a system and make it more respectful ofpeople's rights. That is liberation for all parties involved.

Sometimes society's attitudes have to change. Although in recent yearsa number of churches and other public buildings have become moreaccessible to the handicapped, what takes place within those buildings is notalways so open. .

A friend who is paraplegic said that she tried to become involved in aparish retreat. She was told that she could pray in her home. While notobjecting to the task of praying, she simply stated that whenever she istreated as a shut-in, she feels shutout.

Finally, becoming a church of liberation requires a strong sense ofcommunity By belonging to community, people become conscious oi thepain and straggles of others, beginning first with other community membersand then expanding that consciousness to the whole human family.

Following this lead, the LatinAmerican bishops and church leadersused a 1968 conference in Medellin,Colombia, "to look at and reflect

theologically on their own situation ofsuffering." ;

They referred to the "institutional,violence against the poor and called on

Catholics to work toward thefundamental changes necessary" tobring justice to the oppressed, thetheologian explains.

An adviser at Medellin, FatherGustavo Gutierrez, a diocesan priestfrom Lima, Peru, developed thetheories discussed at the conference in"A Theology of Liberation" publishedin 1971. It is considered a basic textfor the theology, Father Hennellyreports.

He adds that Father Gutierrezteaches that "the cause of the poor isthe cause of God." A native Indian, he"lives and works with the poor" inLima and dedicates himself to relievingthe misery of the oppressed.

Much opposition to liberationtheology has arisen because of its callfor fundamental change in LatinAmerica, Father Hennelly continues.The question sometimes asked is:Does liberation theology encourageviolence?

Although some Latin AmericanChristians join violent movements,Father Hennelly says that "the 12liberation theologians I knowpersonally are dedicated Christians"who endorse the use of violence onlyas a last resort.

The recent Vatican "Instruction onChristian Freedom and Liberation"states that violence can be used only"following a long history of tyranny

"and after all non-violent efforts havebeen exhausted," the theologianexplains.

The Vatican document "gives afoundation for applying liberationtheology to other countries," FatherHennelly concludes. In the UnitedStates, a beginning has been made atdoing this in such efforts as thebishops' pastoral letter on the U.S.economy, he adds.

Scriptures

The Bible:A record of

liberation

By Father John Castelof... NC, News Service . -•

St Paul was a fierce champion offreeddm. Infact, his letter to the Galatiarishas been called the"Charter of Christian Liberty," Its message iscaptured in this clarion call: "It was for liberty thatChrist freed us!" (5:1).

St. Paul's converts in Galatia were being takenin by propagandists who insisted that their salvationdepended on submission to a shackling angineffectual legal system. His reaction was swift andimpassioned: "You senseless Galatians! Who hascast a spell over you - you before 'whose eyesChrist was displayed to view upon hiscross?...Stand firm and do not take upon yourselvesthe yoke ofslavery a second time" (3:1; 5:1).

In a remarkable passage in Romans, St. Paul's

concern for liberation takes, on a broader' coloring:"Indeed the whole created world eagerly awaits

the revelation...Creation was made subject tofutility, not of its own accord by him who oncesubjected it; yet not without hope, because theworld itself will be freed from its slavery tocorruption and share in the glorious freedom of thechildren of God" (8:19-21), ,> .

SelfishnessHuman selfishness? has enslaved all of creation,

exploiting and squandering its riches and marring itsbeauty, not just to satisfy legitimate needs but topander to,extravagant desires. \

"The glorious freedom of the children of God"is precisely freedom from the most demeaning slavedriver of all the self. By his selflessness, Jesusfreed us from this tyrant.

PAGE 18 / Miami, Florida /THE VOICE (frida&Oecj»njber1&4996

Know Your FaithThe Church and the poor

Pope John Paul II talksabout liberation theologyBy David GibsonNCjNews Service

The thirst for freedom is universal- a somewhat hard-to-define desire tobe free "from" something and free "for"something.

Undoubtedly people living inpoverty or conditions of miseryexperience this thirst in a special way."hat fact greatly interests the

uieologians of liberation. It greatlyinterests Pope John Paul II too.

The pope has addressed thequestion of liberation theology andconditions of misery for the poor atleast twice this year incommunications with Brazil's bishops- a country where liberation theologyhas had a definite influence.

There really are two Brazils andthey contrast greatly with one another,the pope said in a letter to the bishops.One Brazil is "highly developed,dynamic, thrusting toward progress andaffluence." The other Brazil is seen in"extensive poverty belts, in endemicdiseases, illiteracy and socialmarginalization."

This contrast "penalizes" greatnumbers of people who are"condemned to all sorts of misery,"said the pope. In a speech in Rome to21 Brazilian bishops he described it asa social situation that calls for "huge,profound and necessary social reforms."

Similarly, in an instruction onChristiah liberation this year, theVatican's Doctrinal Congregationstated: "The fight against injustice ismeaningless unless it is waged with aview to establishing a new social andpolitical order in conformity with thedemands of justice."

Against this background somequestions arise: Surely people long forliberation from misery. But what doesthis have to do with the church ortheology? Moreover, how is profoundsocial change to be achieved in Brazil- or anywhere else?

In his communications withBrazil's bishops, the pope discussedthose questions. He said "it is part ofthe church's mission to concern herselfin a certain way with questions relatingto the human person from the wombto the tomb, questions of a social andsocio-political nature."

The church, he added, "does nothesitate to defend fearlessly the just andnoble cause of human rights and tosupport courageous reforms."

In all this the pope urged

The Church'does nothesitate todefendfearlesslythe just andnoble causeof humanrights and tosupportcourageousreforms/

Pope JohnPatulll

recognition of "a clear-cut distinctionbetween the function of the laity ...andthe function of pastors, who dedicatethemselves to forming the laity to liveout" tasks in society. He said "thechurch does not point out technicalsolutions to temporal problems butrather illuminates the search forsolutions with the light of faith."

Moreover, the "exercise ofministry in the socio-political area"ought to be in "perfect harmony withthe constant teachings of themagisterium."

Liberation, said the pope, is "firstof all salvific.and afterward socio-ethical." He asked that one dimensionof liberation not be reduced to theother.

As he has many times, the pope

encouraged the pursuit of justicewithout recourse to violence. Thatpoint was also made in the DoctrinalCongregation's 1986 instruction whichdiscouraged any effort to "discredit thepath of reform" in favor of revolution.

With such considerations in mind,however, the pope said: "We areconvinced, we and you, that thetheology of liberation is not only

timely but useful and necessary."He said he believes Brazil's

bishops can play an important role inthe development of a theologicalreflection that will "inspire effectivepastoral [action] in favor of socialjustice, equity, the observance ofhuman rights, the construction of ahuman society based on brotherhood,harmony, truth and charity."

To the extent that people throw off the chainsof selfishness, to that extent they become truly freeand allow the entire created universe to exist infreedom.

The whole Bible is a Story of the conflictbetween slavery and liberation. God createdhumanity to be free, to share in his own freedom.But people insisted on doing things their way andenslaved themselves and each other.

God the LiberatorThe sequel to humanity's original rebellion is

one long story of self-destruction and shamefulexploitation of others. It is the story of thedomination of the defenseless by the powerful, ofthe poor by the rich.

Hovering over this sorry scene is the figure ofGod the Liberator, the Savior. Central to his whole

The whole Bible is a story ofthe conflict between slaveryand liberation. God createdhumanity to be free, to share inhis own freedom. But peopleinsisted on doing things theirway and enslaved themselvesand each other.'

self-revelation in the Old Testament is the liberationof his people from bondage to the powerfulEgyptians. So basic was this experience in the lifeof the people that forever after they thought of God

primarily as a saving God.Ironically, having been freed themselves, they

proceeded to enslave others, even their fellow-Israelites. But the God of freedom was not silent.Through his prophets he let his people know in nouncertain terms what he thought of their conduct

This passage from Amos is typical: "Thus saysthe Lord: For three crimes of Israel and for four, Iwill not revoke my word; because they sell the justman for silver and the poor man for a pair ofsandals" (2:6).

Such callous abuse of the defenseless ledeventually to the enslavement of the whole people,first by the Assyrians and later by the Babylonians.But in time God intervened once again to liberatehis chastened people and restore them to freedom.

The same struggle goes on throughout history.

Miami. Florida /THE VOICE M

Gator upsets priest's golf gameFour leggedcreature is nomarshmellow

HILTON HEAD ISLAND, S.C.(NC) — Two Jesuits visiting HolyFamily Parish in Hilton Head Islandused marshmallows to entice analligator from its lagoon. Now, thepastor's golf prance is suffering.

'Alligators are not too smart,their brain is not far removedfrom their stomach.'

Father Philip A. Hamilton, pastorat Holy Family, said the two Mid-western Jesuits wanted photographs ofan alligator to take back home.

They got their pictures with marsh-mallow lures, but the rectory's lagoonalligator developed a taste for the treat— which it has a hard time distin-guishing from white golf balls.

"Alligators are not too smart. Theirbrain is not far removed from theirstomach, and is certainly muchsmaller," the priest said.

"When I go out to practice my pit-

A marshmaiiow hungry alligator distracts priest's concentration.

ching wedge hitting balls over thelagoon to the front lawn, the alligator

comes right up to the shore near meexpectantly awaiting a marshmaiiow,

looking at me through those twowalnut-looking eyes."

Because there is not much levelground to hit pitch shots, the priestoften finds himself five feet from thewater with his back to the alligator.

"Now I understand the pressure ona pro trying to sink that eight-foot puttin a playoff on Sunday afternoon," hesaid.

"But I concentrate and try to lay thefirst ball just short of the shore on theother side of the lagoon. The alligatorhears the splash and off he takeshimself for his marshmallows. Thenhe frequently scrambles up on theshore to examine, and I think even attimes comsume, a white 'marsh'mallow' or two dropping down fro.above," the priest said.

At least that is the excuse he is giv-ing when his parishioners "see me topan easy pitch shot into the water."

"Each of us has an alligator, oreven two or more inside of us —temper, alcohol, lust, selfishness,greed, etc. Inexperienced tourists feedalligators, the smart home ownersdon't," he said.

"Don't feed the alligator in mylagoon, or the one in yourself."

Airport chaplains serve travelers' needsDENVER (NC) — Airport

chaplains watch their "parish" ebband flow by the hour. It is one of thefascinations of their work.

"I was at the birth of a baby," saidFather John Jamnicky, chaplain atChicago's O'Hare International Air-port for the past 10 years. "I'veanointed the dying. In a confessionalcontext I've dealt with fleeing felonsand a murderer. I've found knives thathave been left in the chapel."

"It's hard to plan a day," he said."Something always comes up."

Father Jamnicky was one of 12 air-port chaplains who met in Denver inAugust for the fourth Meeting of Air-port Chaplains. The meeting wasorganized by George Heridricks, a per-manent deacon and the Denver Arch-diocese's chaplain at Stapleton Inter-national Airport.

In addition to passengers — 729million of them a year nationally —the chaplains minister to airportemployees. At O'Hare, there are190,000 employees, accounting for 40percent of those attending services.

Also attracted to the airport are thehomeless, who are searching for a roofover their heads.

"At O'Hare you could walk aroundnaked all day and nobody would sayanything," Father Jamnicky said."The poor and the homeless come toget lost in the crowd."

He said it is a mistake to think thatmost airport travelers are vacationerswith little or no interest in spiritualpursuits.

"Traveling is a very sensitive timefor people," he said. "It's not alwaysvacations. People are uprooted,undergoing divorce, leaving home for

V-3

Airport Chaplains never know what to expect when they come to work in the morning.

the first time or there has been a deathin the family."

People who have not been to con-fession for five or 10 years will seekreconciliation with the airportchaplain, he said. He has also presidedat first communion services and wed-dings.

Bishop Rene H. Gracida of CorpusChristi, Texas, who attended the

meeting as liaison between airportchaplains and the National Con-ference of Catholic Bishops, said somedioceses will not provide a chaplainfor their large airports.

"There is a large archdiocese in theWest with a major international air-port. I received a letter from thechancellor telling me there was noneed to appoint an airport chaplain.

He said there was a priest at a parishnear the airport who was also the firedepartment chaplain, and he would....come in case of a crash."

Bishop Gracidaj a pilot himself, saidtravelers and airport crews havespiritual and social needs. "Airportemployees are gone from home somuch of the time. Work schedulesoften make parish life impractical."

Filipinos make lanterns for ChristmasLAS PINAS, Philippines (NC) —

Poor Filipinos in Manila and the near-by town of Las Pinas have madeChristmas lanterns for sale in theUnited States during Christmas time.

The project is sponsored by the LasPinas parish church, whose pastor seesthe work as the beginning of a, cottageindustry.

Father Mark Lesage, a member ofthe Missionaries of the Congregationof the Immaculate Heart of Mary andLas Pinas' pastor for the past 17 years,said he hoped the program woulddevelop technology appropriate tolocal resources and build managementskills while pursuing traditional crafts.. "We shared our job orders forilanterns with other poor communities,

and we taught them tiow to organizeand work in small work units, the bestway to make the lantern," he said.

The lanterns are made by 2,000 peo-ple living in three Manila squatterareas and in Las Pinas. They makeabout (U.S.) $2.50 a day, approx-imately the legal minimum wage.

Each paper-and-bamboo lantern is

a five-pointed star, with arms abouttwo feet long. A message from Presi-dent Corazon Aquino accompanieseach of the lanterns, called "stars ofhope."

"Filipinos pass on the Star of Hopeto their brothers and sisters around theworld, to those who cherish peace andfreedom in their lives," the messagesays.

PAGE 20/ Miami, Florida /THE VOICE/ Friday, December 12,1986