1

0

INVESTIGACIÓN EN

LA CUNICULTURA DE LAS

AMÉRICAS

Yazmín Elizabeth Felipe Pérez

Compiladora y Editora

RABBITRY RESEARCH IN THE AMERICAS

FACULTAD DE MEDICINA VETERINARIA Y ZOOTECNIA, UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DEL ESTADO DE MÉXICO

RAMA AMERICANA DE LA ASOCIACIÓN CIENTÍFICA MUNDIAL DE CUNICULTURA

INVESTIGACIÓN EN LA CUNICULTURA DE LAS AMÉRICAS

RABBITRY RESEARCH IN THE AMERICAS

TÍTULO DE LA OBRA: INVESTIGACIÓN EN LA CUNICULTURA DE LAS AMÉRICAS RABBITRY RESEARCH IN THE AMERICAS © 1ª. Edición, 2015 EDICIÓN PUBLICADA POR: © Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, UAEM © Rama Americana de la Asociación Mundial de Cunicultura, AB- WRSA American Branch of the World Rabbit Science Association COMPILADORA Y EDITORA: Yazmín Elizabeth Felipe Pérez MVZ., Dra. en C., Departamento de Reproducción Animal, Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México

PROPIEDAD DE: © Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, UAEM Instituto Literario 100. Colonia Centro. Toluca Estado de México. México. C.P. 5000 Reservados todos los derechos. No se permite la reproducción total o parcial de este libro, sin el permiso previo y por escrito del titular del copyright. ISBN: 978-607-422-594-5 Hecho en México

DIRECTORIO

DIRECTORY

UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DEL ESTADO DE MÉXICO

Dr. En D. Jorge Olvera García Rector

Dr. Alfredo Barrera Baca

Secretario de Docencia

Dra. Ángeles Ma. Del Rosario Pérez Bernal

Secretaria de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados

José Benjamín Bernal Suárez

Secretario de Rectoría

Ivett Tinoco García Secretaria de Difusión Cultural

Ricardo Joya Zepeda

Secretario de Extensión y Vinculación

Javier González Martínez

Secretario de Administración

FACULTAD DE MEDICINA VETERINARIA Y ZOOTECNIA UAEM

Dr. en C. José Mauro Victoria Mora

Director

M. en C. Arturo Luna Blasio Subdirector Académico

Dr. José Antonio Ibancovichi Camarillo Subdirector Administrativo

Dr. Octavio Alonso Castelán Ortega Coordinador de Investigación

LCP. y AP. Elder Higuera Vázquez Coordinador de diseño editorial

INVESTIGACIÓN EN LA CUNICULTURA DE LAS AMÉRICAS

RABBITRY RESEARCH IN THE AMERICAS

DIRECTORIO

RAMA AMERICANA DE LA ASOCIACIÓN CIENTÍFICA MUNDIAL DE CUNICULTURA 2010-2014

AMERICAN BRANCH WORLD RABBIT SCIENCE ASSOCIATION DIRECTORY

Ing. Agr. María Laura Cumini

Presidenta / President

Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Agronomía

Universidad de Buenos Aires Argentina

Dr. María Elena Cossu Vice Presidenta / Vice-President

Departamento de producción Animal, Facultad de Agronomía

Universidad de Buenos Aires Argentina

Dr. James McNitt

Secretario y Tesorero / Secretary / Treasurer

Southern University Agricultural Research and Extension Center

LA, USA

DIRECTORIO

ASOCIACIÓN CIENTÍFICA MUNDIAL DE CUNICULTURA RAMA AMERICANA 2014-2018

AMERICAN BRANCH WORLD RABBIT SCIENCE ASSOCIATION DIRECTORY

Dra. en C. Yazmín Elizabeth Felipe Pérez

Presidenta / President

Departamento de Reproducción Animal, Facultad de Medicina

Veterinaria y Zootecnia

Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México

MVZ. Teresita del Niño Jesús González Carrasco Vice Presidenta / Vice-President

Productor Independiente, México

Professor Dr. Luiz Carlos Machado

Secretario y Tesorero / Secretary / Treasurer

Instituto Federal de Ciência e Tecnologia de Minas Gerais

Campus Bambuí, Brasil

COMITÉ CIENTÍFICO Y EDITORIAL

SCIENTIFIC & EDITORIAL COMMITTEE

UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DEL ESTADO DE MÉXICO

FACULTAD DE MEDICINA VETERINARIA Y ZOOTECNIA

Y CENTRO DE INVESTGACIÓN Y ESTUDIOS EN SALUD ANIMAL

Dra. Uxúa Alonso Fresan

M. en A. José Mendoza Becerril

Dr. Ernesto Morales Almaraz

Dr. Pedro Sánchez Aparicio

Dr. Simón Martínez Castañeda

Dr. Juan Carlos Vázquez Chagoyán

Dr. Raúl Fajardo Muñoz

Dr. Manuel González Ronquillo

Dr. León Gildardo Velázquez Beltrán

Dr. Rafael Cano Torres

Dra. Yazmín Felipe Pérez

UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA METROPOLITANA, UNIDAD IZTAPALAPA

Dr. Juan Gabriel Rivera Martínez

INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE CIÊNCIA Y TECNOLOGIA DE MINAS GERAIS - BRAZIL

Dr. Luiz Carlos Machado

Prof. Dr. Adriano Geraldo

DEPARTAMENTO DE PRODUÇÃO ANIMAL, FACULDADE DE MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA E ZOOTECNIA, UNESP, CEP - BRAZIL

Prof. PhD. Ana Silvia A. M. T. Moura

MINAS GERAIS FEDERAL INSTITUTE - BAMBUÍ CAMPUS BRAZIL

Prof. Maria Cristina de Oliveira

CONTENIDO

CONTENT

Página Page

Capítulo Chapter

ALIMENTOS Y ALIMENTACIÓN FEED EVALUATION AND FEEDING

2

INFLUENCE OF SUBSTITUTION OF ARTICHOKE LEAVES FOR CLOVER HAY ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND DIGESTIBILITY IN RABBITS FAWZIA A HASSAN

20

NUTRITIONAL CHARACTERIZATION OF Salvinia auriculata FODDER, GROWN IN AQUAPONICS FOR RABBIT FEED, PRELIMINARY RESULTS GUERRERO CEM, ALBERTOS APJ, MARTÍNEZ YR, MAGAÑA RJJ, GUZMÁN MR, PARADA HR

26

EVALUATION OF KOMBUCHA TEA NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENT AND Saccharomyces cerevisiae SC47 ON PRODUCTION PARAMETERS IN NEW ZEALAND RABBITS DURING THE FATTENING STAGE PÉREZ SL, DE LA CRUZ BA, DÍAZ GONZÁLEZ BA, LAGUNAS BS, FAJARDO MR

34

EFFECTS OF FEED RATIONING, FASTING AND A HERBAL SUPPLEMENT ON MORTALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF FATTENING RABBITS IN ERE CONDITIONS DUPERRAY J., GRAND E., WEISSMAN D., LAURENT J.M., LAUNAY C., BELTRAN J.

50

NUTRIENT DIGESTIBILITY STUDIES IN RABBITS INTAKE DIETS WITH THE ADDITION OF PROBIOTIC SUBTILPROBIO ® (BACILLUS SUBTILIS AND ENDOSPORES) DIHIGO LE, RUBIO SH, RONDON AJ, DOMINGUEZ AND SARDUY ML

56

STUDY OF THE CONSUMPTION EFFECT OF PROBIOTICS IN THE COLIFORMS DYNAMICS IN RABBIT'S DIGESTIVE TRACT LAGUNAS BS, PÉREZ SL, OSORIO MJ, FAJARDO MR, DE LA CRUZ BA, DÍAZ GONZÁLEZ BA

64

GROWTH PROMOTERS USED FOR WEIGHT GAIN IN RABBITS MEANT FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION VALLADARES-CARRANZA B, VELÁZQUEZ-ORDOÑEZ V, ALONSO-FRESÁN MU, ZAMORA-ESPINOSA JL, RODRIGUEZ-CORREA JL, DOMÍNGUEZ-VARA IA

72

EFFECT OF DIETARY PROTEIN CONTENT ON SECOND REPRODUCTION CYCLE OF LOCAL RABBIT DOES AND THEIR LITTERS SAIDJ D, AINBAZIZ H, DAHMANI Y, ILES I, BENALI N, CHIRANE M, MOULA N

74

EFFECTS OF INTERACTION BETWEEN ENERGY CONTENT OF DIET AND PARITY ON PERFORMANCE OF LOCAL RABBIT DOES SAIDJ D., AINBAZIZ H. , SALHI O. , BENALI N. , LEROY P., MOULA N

20

GUERRERO CEM1, ALBERTOS APJ 1, MARTÍNEZ YR*1, 3, MAGAÑA RJJ1,

GUZMÁN MR1, PARADA HR2. 1.- Departamento de Agronomía, División de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad de Guanajuato. 2.-Centro Nacional de Cunicultura, México. 3

*Corresponding author: rosario.mtzy@gmail.com

Abstract

The aim of this study was to characterize nutritionally fodder Salvinia auriculata grown

in aquaponics systems as alternative forage for rabbit feeding. The control diet was

Medicago sativa, and both fodders were fed as hay (85 and 89% dry matter,

respectively). Voluntary feed intake and apparent digestibility of dry matter (DM) were

evaluated. For the study 24 specimens of Oryctolagus cuniculus Californian breed were

used (48 to 53 days old, 1079 ± 73 g, 50% males and 50 % females) which were

obtained from females in the Centro Nacional de Cunicultura (CNC, México) animal

nucleus and reproduced in controlled conditions. Study was carried out in the CNC

premises. The animals were individually kept in galvanized cages (60 x 90 x 40 cm),

with basket for forage feeders and automatic water dispensers. The experiment lasted 11

days, 7 for forage adaptation and the last 4 for sampling. Every day at 9 am fodder (S.

auriculata and M. sativa, 60 and 90 g, respectively) was offered, 24 h later refusals and

-test. Preliminary results

indicate that S. auriculata hay has a lower DM intake compared to M. sativa, 24.94 ±

2.8 and 48.72 ± 2.9 g day-1 , respectively (mean ± SE). DM digestibility was lower for

S. auriculata than M. sativa, however, the possibility of using this fodder cannot be

ruled out completely, because DM digestibility values of 45.35 and 70.33 % for S.

auriculata and M. sativa respectively were observed.

Keywords: Alternative fodder, aquaponic, feed intake, dry matter digestibility.

NUTRITIONAL CHARACTERIZATION OF Salvinia auriculata FODDER, GROWN IN AQUAPONICS FOR RABBIT FEED,

PRELIMINARY RESULTS

INVESTIGACIÓN EN LA CUNICULTURA DE LAS AMÉRICAS

RABBITRY RESEARCH IN THE AMERICAS

CARACTERIZACIÓN NUTRICIONAL DEL FORRAJE Salvinia

auriculata CULTIVADA EN ACUAPONÍA PARA LA ALIMENTACIÓN DE CONEJOS, RESULTADOS PRELIMINARES

GUERRERO CEM1, ALBERTOS APJ 1, MARTÍNEZ YR*1, 3, MAGAÑA RJJ1, GUZMÁN MR1, PARADA HR2.

1.- Departamento de Agronomía, División de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad de Guanajuato. 2.-Centro Nacional de Cunicultura, México. 3

*Corresponding author: rosario.mtzy@gmail.com

Resumen

El objetivo de presente estudio fue realizar la caracterización nutricional de Salvinia

auriculata cultivada en sistemas de acuaponía como una alternativa forraje para

alimentación en conejos. La dieta control fue Medicago sativa, y ambos forrajes fueron

suministrados en forma de heno. Se evaluaron el consumo voluntario y la digestibilidad

aparente de materia seca (MS). Para esto, fueron utilizados 24 especímenes de

Oryctolagus cuniculus raza California (48 a 53 días de edad, 1079.25 ± 73.49 g, 50%

machos y 50% hembras), los cuales, fueron obtenidos de hembras del núcleo de

animales del Centro Nacional de Cunicultura y Especies Menores (CNCG, México) y

reproducidas en condiciones controladas. Es estudio se llevó a cabo en el mismo

CNCG. Los animales fueron alojados individualmente en jaulas galvanizadas (60 x 90 x

40 cm), con comederos de tipo canasta para el forraje y bebederos automáticos. El

experimento tuvo una duración de 11 días, 7 de adaptación al forraje y 4 de muestreo.

Diariamente, a las 9 am fue ofrecido el forraje y 24 h posteriores recolectado el rechazo

y recolectadas las heces. Los datos fu

resultados preliminares indican que heno de S. auriculata presenta un menor consumo

de MS en comparación con M. sativa, 24.94 ± 2.8 y 48.72 ± 2.9 g respectivamente

(media ± EE). Sin embargo, la posibilidad del uso de éste forraje no se puede descartar

por completo, debido a que se observaron valores interesantes de digestibilidad de MS,

de 45.35 y 70.33 %, para S. auriculata y M. sativa, respectivamente.

Palabras clave: Salvinia auriculata, consumo, digestibilidad.

22

Introduction

Aquatic fern Salvinia auriculata, has been listed as an invasive plant due to its

adaptability and fast reproduction León, 2013) and has potential as fodder (Banerjee y

Matai, 1990). Plants from the genus Salvinia have been used as fish feed (Ray y Das,

1992) and according to Henry-Silva and Monteiro (2002), can be alternative fodder for

ruminant. However to date, according to the literature, this plant has not been evaluated

for rabbit consumption. Aquaponics has been proposed as a sustainable alternative to

control the accumulation of waste produced by fish farming, and can be defined as the

integration of production plants hydroponically a recirculating aquaculture system

(Parker, 2002; Van Gorder, 2000). Californian breed rabbits have unique features such

as the production of high quality meat and high commercial value skin, therefore, are

considered dual purpose breed. It is characterized as white with black markings on

muzzle, ears, paws and tail and reaches in adulthood a weight of 4.1 kg for males and

4.3 kg for females (Martinez, 2004). The aim of this paper is to present the preliminary

results of a study of S. auriculata grown in aquaponics as an alternative fodder for

rabbits.

Material

For the study 24 specimens of Oryctolagus cuniculus California breed were used (48 to

53 days old, 1079 ± 73 g, 50% males and 50 % females) which were obtained from

females in the Centro Nacional de Cunicultura (CNC, México) animal nucleus and

reproduced in controlled conditions. Study was conducted in the CNC premises. All the

animals were randomly placed and kept individually in galvanized cages (60 x 90 x 40

cm), with basket for forage feeders and automatic water dispensers. Salvinia auriculata

plants were obtained from the Experimental Aquaponic Unit of the Agronomy

Department at the Life Sciences Division (DICIVA), Campus Irapuato-Salamanca of

the Universidad de Guanajuato, which were dried for 48 h in plastic mesh boxes (1 x 1

m) that were built for hay production. The control diet was Medicago sativa (acquired

from a commercial store) and both fodders were fed as hay (85 and 89% dry matter,

respectively).

INVESTIGACIÓN EN LA CUNICULTURA DE LAS AMÉRICAS

RABBITRY RESEARCH IN THE AMERICAS

Methodology

Preliminary results of voluntary feed intake and apparent digestibility of dry matter

(DM), are presented because to date has not yet completed the full study of the

nutritional characterization. Upon entering the production shed, individuals were

weighed (scale TECNOCOR Mod PPN-30). The experiment Lasted 11 days, 7 for

forage adaptation and the last 4 for sampling. Every day at 9:00 a.m. fodder (S.

auriculata and M. sativa, 60 and 90 g, respectively) was offered and 24 h later, refusals

and feces were collected. The evaluated variables were consumption and apparent

digestibility of DM. Data were analyzed using Student's T-test.

Results and discussion

Preliminary results indicate that S. auriculata hay has a lower DM intake compared to

M. sativa, 24.94 ± 2.8 and 48.72 ± 2.9 g day-1, respectively (mean ± SE). DM

digestibility was lower for S. auriculata than M. sativa, 45.35 and 70.33 %,

respectively. According to Leterme et al. (2009), Salvinia is a good source of minerals

and essential amino acids, however, its use in pig feeding is limited due to their fiber

content, resulting in low digestible energy and protein content, so that, due to fiber

requirements in rabbits, could be an alternative fodder.

Conclusion

The possibility of using this fodder for rabbits cannot be ruled out completely, because

DM digestibility values of S. auriculata observed in the present study.

24

References

Banerjee, A. y Matai, S. (1990). Composition of indian aquatic plants in relation to

utilization as animal forage. J. Aquat. Plant Manage. 28: 69-73.

Henry-Silva, G.G. y Monteiro, C.A.F. (2002). Nutritive value of free-floating aquatic

macrophytes (Eichhornia crassipes, Pistia stratiotes and Salvinia molesta), used in

aquaculture waste treatment. Acta Scientiarum Biological and Health Sciences.

24(2): 519-526.

León, Á. (2013). Las 100 especies más invasoras: Salvinia molesta, Boletín Drosophila.

Recuperado de: http://www.drosophila.es/blog/2013/07/29/las-100-especies-mas-

invasoras-salvinia-molesta/

Leterme, P., Londoño, A.M., Muñoz, J.E., Súarez, J., Bedoya, C.A., Souffrant, W.B. y

Buldgen, A. (2009). Nutricional value of aquatic ferns (Azolla filiculoides Lam. and

Salvinia molesta Mitchell) in pigs. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 149(1-2):

135-148.

Martínez, C.M. A. (2004). Cunicultura. México, D.F. 2da. Edición. Editorial

FMVZ.UNAM

Parker, R. (2002). Aquaculture Science. 2a. edición. Delmar. Albany, NY. USA.

Ray, A.K. y Das, I. (1992). Utilization of diets containing composted aquatic weed

(Salvinia cuculata) by the Indian major carp, rohu (Labeo rohita ham.), fingerlings.

Bioresource Technology. 40(1): 67-72.

Van Gorder, S.D. (2000). Small scale aquaculture. The Alternative Aquaculture

Association. Breinigsville, PA, USA.