MINUTES OF THE PROCEEDINGS

Ninety-fourth Annual MeetingWhite Sulphur Springs, West Virginia, May 28, 1958

THE Ninety-fourth Annual Meeting of the American OphthalmologicalSociety was held at The Greenbrier, White Sulphur Springs, WestVirginia, on May 28, 29, and 30, 1958.The opening session was called to order at 9:00 o'clock Wednesday

morning by the President, Dr. Walter S. Atkinson.Dr. A. D. Ruedemann was appointed to audit the books of the

Treasurer.The President welcomed the guests and new members. He asked the

Meeting to rise in silent tribute to one of the new members, Dr. OttoBarkan of San Francisco, who had recently died.The President appointed Dr. Raynold N. Berke to take charge of the

Golf Tournament, Dr. Edwin B. Dunphy the Tennis Tournament, andDr. William B. Clark the Skeet Tournament.The President welcomed one of the distinguished Honorary Mem-

bers, Miss Ida Mann, and hoped she would take part in the discussions.Dr. Wendell L. Hughes presented an antique school bell to the

Society for the purpose of summoning members after intermission.The President announced that a silver cigarette case would be

awarded for the best paper read at the Meeting. The SelectionCommittee consisted of Dr. William F. Hughes, Jr., Chairman, and theeditors of the two ophthalmological journals, Dr. Francis H. Adlerand Dr. Derrick Vail.The following scientific program was presented:

1. "An Evaluation of the Multiple Choice Type of Question for theAmerican Board of Ophthalmology." Dr. Francis H. Adler, Philadelphia.Discussed by Dr. Gordon M. Bruce.

2. "Resection of the Levator Muscle for Blepharoptosis, throuigh a SkinIncision." Dr. Raynold N. Berke, Hackensack, New Jersey. Discussed byDrs. Wendell L. Hughes, John H. Dunnington, and Jack S. Guyton.

3. "Macular Diseases of Involutional Type: Classification and TherapeuticApproaches." Dr. Arthur H. Keeney and Mahabir Jain, M.B.B.S. (by

24 Minutes of the Proceedingsinvitation), Louisville, Kentucky. Discussed by Drs. Irving H. Leopold,Arthur J. Bedell, Frank W. Newell, Harvey E. Thorpe, Alson E. Braley,David 0. Harrington, and Ralph 0. Rychener.

4. "Unilateral Lid Retraction." Dr. John M. McLean and Dr. EdwardW. D. Norton (by invitation), New York. Discussed by Drs. Charles E.Iliff, Angus L. MacLean, Miss Ida Mann, Drs. Lorand V. Johnson,A. D. Ruedemann, Wendell L. Hughes, Hermann M. Burian.

5. "Complete or Peripheral Iridectomy in Cataract Surgery." Dr. C. DwightTownes, Louisville, Kentucky. Discussed by Drs. John H. Dunnington,Walter S. Atkinson, Harold Gifford, Albert L. Brown, John M. McLean,Ramon Castroviejo, Jack S. Guyton, Everett L. Goar, Harvey E. Thorpe,and Henry L. Birge.

6. "Heredomacular Degeneration." Dr. Derrick Vail and Dr. David Shoch(by invitation), Chicago, Illinois. Discussed by Drs. Arthur J. Bedelland Harold F. Falls.

The following guests were present and were invited by the Presidentto take part in the discussions: Dr. S. T. Adams, Montreal, Quebec;Dr. E. B. Alvis, St. Louis, Mlissoulri; Dr. Walter A. Benedict, Knoxville,Tennessee; Capt. N. A. Beuerman, Portsmouth, Virginia; Dr. GirolamoBonaccolto, New York, New York; Dr. Robert A. Brown, Greenville,South Carolina; Dr. H. G. Bullwinkel, Easton, Maryland; Dr. James W.Clower, Daytona Beach, Florida; Dr. Raymond C. Collins, EastOrange, New Jersey; Dr. Bruice A. Grave, York, Pennsylvania; Dr. A.Ray Irvine, Jr., Los Angeles, California; Dr. Charles E. Jaeckle, EastOrange, New Jersey; Dr. Robert E. Kennedy, Rochester, New York;Dr. Jay E. Mishler, Atlantic City, New Jersey; Dr. J. F. Morrison,Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania; Dr. Edward AAV. D. Norton, New York,New York; Dr. Ella Uhler Owvens, Allentown, Pennsylvania; Dr. BarnetR. Sakler, Cincinnati, Ohio; Dr. David Shoch, Chicago, Illinois;Dr. Thomas F. Stanfield, Anderson, South Carolina; Dr. Edwin F. Tait,Norristown, Pennsylvania.

EXECUTIVE SESSION, MAY 28

The Executive Session was held Wednesday evening, MIay 28, thePresident, Dr. Walter S. Atkinson, presiding.The reading of the minutes of the previous meeting was dispensed

with, since they are printed in the Transactions.The Treasurer, Dr. Maynard C. Wheeler, read his report which was

approved.The Auditing Committee, Dr. A. D. Ruedemann, certified to the

correctness of the report.

Minutes of the ProceedingsThe report of the Chairman of the Publication Committee, Dr.

Gordon M. Bruce, was read by him:The 1957 Transactions (Volume 55) appeared in April of this year and

runs to 805 pages. In addition to the routine contents such as Proceedings,Lists of Members, Recipients of the Howe Medal, and so forth, it contains19 papers, 12 successful theses, and 4 obituaries. Owing to an unavoidabledelay it was not possible to finish the final editing of one thesis, which willbe included in the ensuing volume.Once again the Editor records his indebtedness to his assistant, Dr.

Perera, and the Secretary-Treasurer, Dr. Wheeler. He is also grateful, asalways, for the unfailing support of the Council.

On motion, the report of the Editor was accepted.The Chairman of the Program Committee, Dr. William F. Hughes,

presented his report:This year 29 papers were submitted, of which it was possible to include

only 21 in the final program. The quality of the papers submitted was excel-lent, and the final program was made up after a mail vote of the entireProgram Committee. In general, preference was given to those memberswho had not presented a paper for a few years, and new members. It hasbeen difficult to find discussers, and offers not only to present papers butailso to open discussions would be appreciated.The schedule employed this year worked out satisfactorily and is recom-

mended for next year; namely, submission of a title and preliminary abstractor summary of material as soon as convenient but not later than January 1,1959. An official call for papers will be sent out by the Secretary soon afterNovember 1. The final program will be selected by February 1. The finalAbstract with complete title, co-authors if any, and a list of possible dis-cussers should be in the hands of the Program Chairman by March 1. Theprinted program will be mailed to members of the Societv by April 1.

It was moved and seconded that this report be accepted.The report of the American Board of Ophthalmology was read by

the Secretary for Dr. M4errill J. King, who was absent:

In completing my term of four years as your representative to the Amer-ican Board of Ophthalmology, I submit the following statistics of ouractivities during the past year and for the coming year:The Board has held 113 examinations since its organization in 1916, and

a total of 4,711 certificates have been granted. In 1958 the written examina-tion was held in 22 cities with 217 participating. Of the 217 candidates,179 passed and 38 failed. These 38 will be permitted to take the writtenagain after one or more years of further preparation.

During the fiscal year ending May 1, 1958, 186 applications were re-ceived. Most of these were admitted to the examination.

25

Minutes of the ProceedingsAs you know, sets of slides are available for rental to candidates. We have

102 sets, in New York, Chicago, and San Francisco. During the year 150candidates rented slides for study.

During 1957 the Board conducted 2 oral examinations, one in New YorkCity and one in Chicago, for a total of 237 candidates, of whom 170 passed,18 failed, and 49 were conditioned in one or more subjects. For 1958, 2examinations are scheduled, one in San Francisco in June and the other inChicago in October. The San Francisco examination, June 17 to 21, will beheld at the University of California Medical Center with Drs. Cordes andHogan in charge of arrangements; the Chicago examination, October 17 to22, will be held at the University of Illinois with Dr. Theobald making thenecessary arrangements.The Board at present consists of 12 members, 4 representing each of the

component societies: the Section of the A.M.A., the A.O.S., and theAcademy. We also have 6 consultants who are former Board members.Since 1917, 58 ophthalmologists have served, or are serving, on the Board.

It has been the custom of the Board to publish its directory every threeyears. Accordingly, a new directory will be compiled during 1958 and willbe issued soon after January 1, 1959. The price per copy will be $3.00postpaid. There will be no biographical material in this directory, merelyan alphabetical and geographical list. The Directory of Medical Specialistspublish the biographical material which makes it unnecessary for the Boardto duplicate on this.The officers of the Board for 1958 are: Chairman: Gordon M. Bruce, Vice-

Chairman: Paul A. Chandler, Secretary-Treasurer: Merrill J. King.

It was moved and seconded that this report be accepted.The report of the American Committee on Optics and Visual

Physiology was read bv Dr. William C. Owens:The 71st meeting of the American Committee on Optics and Visual

Physiology was held at the Homestead, May 30, 1957. The 72nd meetingwas held at the Palmer House, October 13, 1957.The following summarizes the actions of the Committee at these two

past meetings:1. The Subcommittee on the Standardization of Reading Types, con-

sisting of Drs. Fonda, Lebensohn, Ogle, and Sloan, has agreed upon thedetails of the vision charts both for distance and for near. The lettersrecommended by Dr. Sloan are to be used, designated by visual anglescomparable on both the distance and the near charts. Dr. Fonda met withthe Committee on Industrial Ophthalmology to receive their suggestionsand acceptance of the proposed vision charts.

2. The Subcommittee on Low Vision Lenses consisted of Drs. Fonda,Ogle, Lebensohn, Linksz, and Louise Sloan. The Volk Conoid lenses aresuperior to the doublet or aplanatic (Hastings loupe) bifocal type in regardto field of vision and appearance according to clinical evaluation of the

26

Minutes of the Proceedingsplus 40.00, plus 50.00 and plus 60.00 diopter lenses. However, the com-mittee agreed that the evaluation of the Volk lenses is complicated andcannot be settled by just having the patients try them.

3. The Subcommittee on the Study of the Effect of Television on Patients'Eyes, consisting of Brigadier General Byrnes, Drs. Ogle and Swan, sub-mitted the following report: (a) The voltages used in television sets largelydetermine the amount and characteristics of the ionizing radiation producedby the set. (b) The smaller black and white sets (tube face under 21inches) operate at voltages of 15,000 to 20,000 volts. These sets producesoft rays of the grenz type which are rather easily absorbed. With the safetyglass in position over the face of the tube the exposure is less than .01 milli-roentgen per hour. This is little more than background radiation. (c) Thelarger and especially color television sets operate at voltages up to 27,000volts and newer sets may be higher. These sets produce X-radiation withsomewhat greater penetration and this radiation requires consideration inthe design of the set. Earlier color sets showed rediation levels of 10-30milliroentgen per hour. (Projection type television receivers used in theatershave high radiation levels and may present real hazard if not properly in-stalled and shielded.) Most presently produced color television sets meet theUnderwriter's Laboratory standard of 2.5 milliroentgen per hour at thesurface of the set. (d) Acceptable standards for radiation from televisionsets are in the process of being established. The Underwriter's Laboratoryrequires that there be less than 2.5 milliroentgen per hour measured at thesurface of the set. This corresponds to about .05 milliroentgen per hour at1 meter viewing distance. This would result in 1.5 r dose in a 30-year period(assuming 1,000 hours of television viewing aninually). Current efforts arebeing made to reduce this dosage level. The International Commission ofRadiation Protection has tentatively set a level of .5 milliroentgen per hourat the surface of the set. This would provide .01 milliroentgen at 1 meterviewing distance or an annual (1,000 viewing hours) dose of 10 milli-roentgen and a 30-year dose of .3 r. It is assumed that the National Com-mittee on Radiation Protection will adopt some similar figure.

Sutmmary. On the basis of the above findings it is considered that theionizing radiation hazard involved in home television viewing is minimaland acceptable if the set meets current Underwriter's Laboratorv standardsand provided the viewing distance is at least one meter. Additional viewingdistance will further reduce the radiation dose.

Other Subcommittees on Research in Visual Acuity in Myopia, TrafficSafety, Standardization of Terminology of Motor Anomalies, and Stan-dardization of Ophthalmic Lenses made progress reports.

Your Committee respectfully recommends that the American Ophthal-mological Society continue the sponsorship of the American Committee onOptics and Visual Physiology and that Dr. Owens be reappointed as repre-sentative of the American Ophthalmological Society to the American Com-mittee on Optics and Visual Physiology.

27

Minutes of the ProceedingsOther representatives of the American Ophthalmological Society are Dr.

Conrad Berens and Dr. Hermann M. Burian.

It was moved and seconded that this report be accepted.The report of the American Orthoptic Council was read by Dr.

Hermann M. Burian for Dr. J. NMason Baird:

The twenty-third meeting of the American Orthoptic Council was heldin Chicago on October 12, 1957, Dr. William E. Krewson, III, President,presiding. During the year 1957-8, the American Ophthalmological Societvwas represented by Dr. William E. Krewson, III, Dr. J. Mason Baird, andDr. Hermann M. Burian. Dr. Krewson has been re-elected President of theCouncil, Dr. Burian has served as Chairman of the Ethics Committee andthe Instruction Committee, Dr. Baird serves as a member of the Publicationsand Exhibits Committee.

The significant activities of the Council during the year 1957-8 havebeen:

1. The Council continues to sponsor an annual two-month basic coursein orthoptics for orthoptic technicians and to assist students in obtainingpractical training after they have completed the basic course. In 1957, thecourse was held in Iowa City under the direction of Dr. Hermann M. Burianwith twenty-two students enrolled. In 1958, it will be held in Ann Arbor,Michigan, with Dr. John W. Henderson as Director. Between twenty andthirty students are trained annually in this way.

2. The annual examination of orthoptic technician candidates was con-ducted by the Council on Saturday, October 12, 1957, in Chicago, Illinois.Twenty-two candidates took the examinations, completed them successfully,and were certified by the Council. It may be pointed out here that thecertificate serves only as evidence that the technician has satisfactorilypassed the examination of the Council.

3. The annual scientific meeting sponsored jointly by the AmericanOrthoptic Council and the American Association of Orthoptic Technicians,in conjunction with the meeting of the American Academy of Ophthal-mology and Otolaryngology, was held on Sunday, October 13, 1957. Speak-ers at this meeting and their topics were: Dr. Ravnold N. Berke, Hacken-sack, N.J., "The Value of Orthoptics in Achieving Postoperative ThirdDegree Fusion"; Mliss Anita Stelzer, St. Louis, Mo., "Technique and Evalua-tion of Occlusion of the Paramacular Image of the Deviation Eye"; Dr.Kenneth N. Ogle, Rochester, Minn., "Oculomotor Imbalances and FixationDisparity"; Miss Aleatha J. Tibbs, Atlanta, Ga., "A Short Method of TreatingAbnormal Retinal Correspondence."

4. The Council's orthoptic teaching syllabus has been revised and isnow ready for printing. Use of this syllabus will tend to standardize traininggiven at various training centers and will provide a satisfactory outline forstudy.

28

Minutes of the Proceedings5. The Council continues to assist in providing instruction courses for

orthoptic technicians at the time of the meeting of the American Academyof Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology. These courses are always well re-ceived by the technicians.

6. The American Association of Orthoptic Technicians reports thatsectional meetings of the Association were held in the spring of 1958:

Northwestern Section, May 2 and 3, 1958, at Health Centre forChildren, Vancouver, B.C.

Southwestern Section, March 21 and 22, 1958, at University ofCalifornia at Los Angeles Medical Center.

Midwestern Section, May 5 and 6, 1958, at University of Min-nesota Hospital, Minneapolis, Minnesota.

Eastern Section, April 28 and 29, 1958, at Middlesex GeneralHospital, New Brunswick, New Jersey.

Southern Section, April 19, 1958, at M. D. Anderson Hospital,Texas Medical Center, Houston, Texas.

The Association sponsored exhibits dealing with various phases of orthopticsat the following meetings: American Academy of Ophthalmology andOtolaryngology, October, 1957; National Society for the Prevention ofBlindness, March, 1958.

7. The Lancaster Award medal was presented this year to Miss FrancesWalraven.

8. The eighth volume of the American Orthoptic Journal is now readyfor distribution. The editor of this volume is Dr. John W. Henderson. TheJournal is published through the cooperation of the American Academy ofOphthalmology and Otolaryngology and is distributed with its Transactionsto those ophthalmologists who wish to receive it.

9. The Council, through the office of the Secretary, maintains a closecontact with all technicians and acts in an advisory capacity when requestedto do so.

10. Officers elected to serve in 1958 are: President, Dr. William E.Krewson, III, Philadelphia, Pa.; Vice-President, Dr. Philip Knapp, NewYork, N.Y.; Secretary-Treasurer, Dr. Edmond L. Cooper, Detroit, Mich. TheAmerican Orthoptic Council is appreciative of the continued interest andsupport of the American Ophthalmological Society.

Your Committee respectfully recommends that the American Ophthal-mological Society continue its support of the American Orthoptic Council,provide it with two hundred dollars ($200.00) for the year 19589, andthat it appoint Dr. Alton V. Hallum of Atlanta, Georgia, to the Committeefor a period of three years, beginning January 1, 1959.

It was moved and seconded that this report be accepted.The report of the National Committee on Medical Nomenclature

was read by the Secretary for Dr. Conrad Berens:

29

30 Minutes of the ProceedingsThe first listings of additions, deletions, and other changes in the Standard

Nomenclature of Diseases and Operations were published in the Journal ofthe American Medical Association on August 14, 1954. A second listing isnow being prepared and it is in pamphlet form. This may be obtained fromDr. Edward T. Thompson, Editor of the Standard Nomenclature of Diseasesand Operations of the American Medical Association, 535 North DearbornStreet, Chicago 10, Illinois. This new listing contains no material of specialinterest to ophthalmologists although.it does help to bring the fourth volumeup to date. The fourth volume of Standard Nomenclature of Diseases andOperations may still be obtained from the Blakiston Division, McGraw-HillBook Company, Inc., 330 West 42nd Street, New York 36, New York.As the Ophthalmologic Committee has not met, any suggestions for cor-

rections, deletions, or additions should be sent in as soon as possible sothat they may receive consideration by the entire committee. Even thoughthe fifth edition will not be ready for distribution until 1961, the committeesare hard at work on the revision.

It was moved and seconded that this report be accepted.The report of-the Board of Governors' Committee of the American

College of Surgeons was read by Dr. Arthur Gerard DeVoe:

The American College of Surgeons is seriously interested in developingits specialty groups. To this end more effort is being expended on sectionalprograms. This year, meetings in Dallas attracted 51 ophthalmologists, inSalt Lake City 50, and in New York City 200. Next year, special sessions inOphthalmic Surgery are being planned at Sectional Meetings in St. Louisand Montreal.

As of April 1, 1958, 131 Fellows have been qualified in OphthalmicSurgery. A considerable number of applications for a change of classificationto Ophthalmic Surgery are still being processed.The Advisory Council on Ophthalmology now consists of William B.

Clark, New Orleans, Chairman; W. Banks Anderson, Durham; S. RodmanIrvine, Beverly Hills; Kenneth L. Roper, Chicago; and Harold B. Scheie,Philadelphia. The American Ophthalmological Society annually submitsrecommendations for personnel on this Council as the various terms expire.

There are nine ophthalmological representatives on the Board of Gover-nors.No legislation has been introduced which is of particular importance to

ophthalmologists.

DR. ARTHUR J. BEDELL. What is the understanding of this number whohave been certified in ophthalmic surgery and what are the qualifications?

DR. A. G. DEVOE. Dr. Hughes is on the committee and is more familiarwith it than I am. The problem in the New York area and the one that Iknow of has been that many men, particularly nose and throat men, have

Minutes of the Proceedings 31been accepted without doing any surgery. The aim as I understand it is tohave a certain number of surgical cases required. The minimum is around40. Dr. Vail could probably answer this question better than any of us.

DR. DERRICK VAIL. I am not sure I can give the latest information. A fewyears ago I presented to the A.O.S. a report as senior member of the Boardof Governors in which I described the classification called OphthalmicSurgery that was approved by the Board of Regents, and at that timementioned certain qualifications by which a candidate, if he met the require-ments, would be designated a Fellow in Ophthalmic Surgery of the AmericanCollege of Surgeons. The idea was as Dr. DeVoe mentioned in the matterof the ear, nose, and throat group that a certain number of ophthalmologistswere Fellows of the American College of Surgeons who actually were notophthalmic surgeons. If such Fellows request transfer of their designationto a Fellow in Ophthalmic Surgery, their qualifications are examined by theAdvisory Council in Ophthalmology. The new candidates in ophthalmology,ophthalmic surgeons, have to fulfill a rather difficult and justly rigid qualifi-cation in order to become Fellows in Ophthalmic Surgery. Briefly, I thinkit consists of a series of well-prepared case reports including photographs ofspecimens and pathologic reports, a thorough study and description of thesurgery, description of complications, the treatment, follow-up, and thefinal result. In addition to that there are certain other hurdles that have tobe surmounted. Dr. Clark will certainly be able to tell us more about it.

DR. WILLIAM CLARK. Actually there is not a great deal to add to whatDr. Vail and Dr. DeVoe have already said. What the American College istrying to do is to weed out men who were accepted as Fellows in Ophthal-mology not because of what they knew, but whom they knew. As you know,the American College of Surgeons is run by the general surgeons and if achief of surgery had some one on his staff he particularly liked he simplyrecommended him to the Regents and this man was elected. That is allchanged now, as Dr. Vail has told you. Every candidate's qualifications arecarefully surveyed and he has to submit a list of consecutive cases andeither a certified or a photostatic copy, not his own office records, of hospitalrecords including both preoperative, operative, and postoperative hospitalcare and follow-up.

DR. ALEXANDER E. MACDONALD. I am particularly interested in this newdeparture. There was a question of a Fellowship in Ophthalmology two orthree years ago, but I understood that it had been passed to the Board andwas in abeyance. Is this a Fellowship in surgery only or is it an examinationin ophthalmology? That is, are the candidates expected to know their basicsciences in ophthalmology and training and are there any other requisitesbesides just straight surgical qualifications?

DR. WILLIAM CLARK. No candidate for Fellowship in Ophthalmic Surgeryis considered until he has passed the American Board of Ophthalmology

Minutes of the Proceedingsand holds a certificate from that body. He has to be in practice for ten yearsbefore he can apply for Fellowship. There is no examination given. Wemake a very careful inquiry of the applicant's confreres, not only the men inhis own field but in other fields as well. We want to be sure that he isdoing acceptable, ethical surgery in the community in which he lives. If itis a small community the level of the surgery need not be the same as in alarge community because we know that the same facilities are not alwaysavailable.

On motion, this report was accepted.Dr. R. Townley Paton, the Chairman of the National Eye Bank

Committee, announced that he had no formal report, but pointed outthat the Committee was currently engaged in coordinating all eyebanks and standardizing administrative procedures.The report of the National Committee for Research in Ophthal-

mology and Blindness was read by Dr. Alson E. Braley:

The National Committee for Research in Ophthalmology and Blindnesswas formally established as an organization encompassing national medicaland lay groups interested in broad problems of research in both ophthal-mology and blindness. The Committee held its first meeting at the Waldorfin New York City on June 4, 1957; a second meeting at the Palmer Housein Chicago on October 15, 1957, during the session of the AmericanAcademy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology, and a third meeting willbe held at the Roosevelt Hotel, New York, on June 2, 1958.The broad aims of the group were discussed in editorials published in the

January numbers of the Archives of Ophthalmology and the AmericanJournal of Ophthalmology, copies of which are attached to this report.

Currently the Committee is functioning as follows:1. It indicates the sources of research assistance for ophthalmic projects

and projects dealing with the blind to directors of various universitiesand rehabilitation groups interested in entering this field.

2. It acts as a clearing house for information concerning openings forinvestigators in these fields and for the associated technicians and scientists.

3. It acts as a forum for the broad discussion of problems of stimulationfor research in ophthalmology and blindness.

4. The meetings have brought together representatives from the NationalScience Foundation, which administers many fellowships, with ophthalmicgroups that have but a few fellowships to award. Benefits have occurred fromthe exchange of such information.

5. At the request of the Chief of the Division of the Blind in the Libraryof Congress the group has been preparing assessment of the definition ofblindness in terms of ability to do near reading.

6. The group has acted as a consultant to a sociologist studying therelationship of ophthalmologists to the social services available to the blind.

32

Minutes of the Proceedings7. A federal agencv has requested that information concerning the

careers of individuals trained in residence in certain institutions be compiledso as to evaluate the contribution of the training program. Additionally,federal agencies have requested enlargement of the scope of the registryfor vacancies and applicants in areas in which training is supported.With the passing of time the National Committee for Research in Ophthal-

mology and Blindness is becoming active in areas which were not envisagedby the ad hoc committee which originally defined its functions. At theJune 2, 1958, meeting the Committee will decide in which areas it canappropriately function.

Financial support of the Committee has been derived from two $500grants of the American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology andfrom a single grant of $500 from the Association for Research in Ophthal-mology and Blindness. A grant of $200 to support the work of the Com-mittee was approved bv the members of the Section on Ophthalmology ofthe American Medical Association but disapproved by the Trustees of theKnapp Fund and was not received. Organization expenses are related largelyto clerical tasks and amount to approximately $900 annually.To indicate the support of organized medicine it is respectfully requested

that the American Ophthalmological Society and the Section on Ophthal-mology of the American Medical Association each support the work of theCommittee to the extent of $100.

In answer to Dr. A. D. Ruedemann, Dr. Francis H. Adler, who with Dr.Parker Heath constitutes the Knapp Fund Committee, said the request forfunds had been refused because the funds were needed for lunches for thosewho were to gather at these meetings and it was felt that it was hardly theirduty to spend the Knapp Fund in that way. Dr. Adler announced thatDr. Heath would report in June on the Knapp Fund.

It was moved, seconded and carried that this report be accepted.The report of the Delegate to the Pan American Association of

Ophthalmology was read by Dr. Derrick Vail:

There are now approximately 2,000 members in this organization ex-clusively devoted to ophthalmology. This should make it the largest of itskind in the world. Certainly it is one of the liveliest and most energetic.

In April, 1957, when the Association held its IVth Interim Congress inNew York City, 550 members attended, of whom more than 100 came fromLatin America. The scientific program was excellent, consisting of a numberof outstanding contributions.

At the annual meeting of the American Academy of Ophthalmology andOtolaryngology in October, the Association held a gay Pan American Fiestain the ball room of the Palmer House. Approximately 600 members andguests attended this gala evening.A second Cruise Congress of the Association sailed on the Queen of

33

34 Minutes of the ProceedingsBermuda from New York, on February 1, 1958, for a swing of 14 daysaround the Caribbean. The group comprised 390 members and families.Daily scientific meetings were held aboard ship and at the five various stops.I think the programs were very good indeed. In spite of rough weather atthe start and finish of the cruise, it was a success from the viewpoint ofscientific programs, health, welfare and happiness of those fortunate to beincluded.A cocktail party and buffet in Brussels on September 9 during the Inter-

national Congress of Ophthalmology is planned, to take place in one of thehotels.The next official congress of the Association will be held in Caracas,

Venezuela, during the first week in February, 1960. A large attendance isanticipated.

It was moved, seconded and carried that this report be accepted.Dr. David 0. Harrington, Chairman of the Committee on Theses,

submitted the following report:

The Committee received ten theses during the year. The standards bywhich the theses were judged were those outlined by the Society in itsinstruction for the preparation of a thesis submitted to each candidate.

After careful evaluation bv each committee member, followed by con-sultation and discussion, the committee recommended to the Council thatseven theses be accepted, that one thesis be rewritten and resubmitted forrejudging, and that two theses be rejected.The Chairman wishes to thank the other two members of the Committee,

Dr. John McLean and Dr. F. Phinizy Calhoun, Jr., for their patience andthe many hours of hard work which reflects their keen sense of responsi-bility to both the Society and the candidates.

It was moved, seconded and carried that this report be accepted.The report of the Committee on Prizes was read by Dr. William

Beetham.

The Committee on Prizes wishes to award the Howe medal again thisyear, thus adding another illustrious name to that very illustrious list ofnames of those who have received the award in other years. Tonight'srecipient has long been a member of this Society and is still young in yearsand young at heart. A distinguished teacher of ophthalmology and at anearly age professor at one of our leading universities, tonight's recipient isan excellent clinical ophthalmologist and equals or surpasses most of ushere in the field of ophthalmology. Honor and the hall of fame, however,were achieved through diligent hours of laboratory work, coupled with akeen ability to combine clinical findings and laboratory data. Over 100articles have been written on various aspects of ophthalmology bythis member of the Society, who is particularly interested in one field of

Minutes of the Proceedingsophthalmology and in this field stands alone on a pedestal in glory. Willthe other two members of the Prize Committee, Dr. Elliott Randolph andDr. Edwin Dunphy, please escort to the rostrum ophthalmology's famousembryologist, Miss Ida Mann. Miss Mann, the American OphthalmologicalSociety wishes me to present to you the Howe Medal as a token of the highesteem that it holds for you. This Society feels that your contributions tomedicine and especially to ophthalmology have been outstanding. tour twobooks, The Embryology of the Human Eye and The Developmental Anoma-lies of the Human Eye, have had a very happy and beneficial effect upon allliving ophthalmologists and will continue to do so on ophthalmologists offuture generations. Miss Mann, this Society is pleased to present to you theHowe Medal.

MISS IDA MANN. I am completely overcome. I had no warning that thiswas about to descend upon me and it has given me the very greatest pleasure.I am sure I don't deserve it, and I really must thank you all from thebottom of my heart for this very great honour you have done me.

The Secretary announced the deaths during the past year of thefollowing members:

Dr. Otto Barkan, elected 1957Dr. Frank E. Burch, elected 1935Dr. WV. Gordon M. Byers, elected 1906Dr. Albert N. Lemoine, elected 1934Dr. Lawrence T. Post, elected 1924Dr. Clarence A. Veasey, Sr., elected 1898Dr. Charles A. Young, elected 1934Dr. William Zentmayer, elected 1905

The following Amendment to the By Laws was read by the Secre-tary: "Article III, Section 4: A member elect shall bear the titleAssociate until he has read a paper before the Society and has attendedtwo annual meetings following the meeting in which he is elected, oruntil he has attended four annual meetings after his election. Afterfulfilling either of these two requirements he shall ipso facto become amember of the Society." It was moved, seconded and carried that thisAmendment be accepted.Names of new candidates proposed were read by the Secretary.

These vill be sent to the members at a later date.Dr. Arthur J. Bedell moved that the Secretary be requested to write

to his very dear friend, Dr. Frederick Verhoeff of Boston, and tell himhow much the Society missed him, also to the Society's Historian, Dr.Burton Chance, both of whom have been active in this Society formany years. It was moved, seconded and carried that this be approved.

a e

36 Minutes of the ProceedingsThe report of the Chairman of the Council, Dr. Ralph 0. Rychener,

was read:

The Council recommends that the dues for 1958-9 be $50 of which25 cents shall be paid to the International Council of Ophthalmology.The Council recommends that the next meeting of the Society shall be

held at the Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia, on May 28, 29, and 30, 1959,and in 1960 at the Broadmoor, Colorado Springs, Colorado, May 17, 18,and 19.The Council announces, with gratitude, the bequest of $1,500 to the

Society in the will of the late Dr. William Zentmayer.The Council recommends that- Dr. Robison D. Harley be recommended

to the American College of Surgeons for their Advisory Council onOphthalmology.The Council recommends the following representatives-to the National

Council for Medical Nomenclature: Dr. Conrad Berens; to the AmericanBoard of Ophthalmology: Dr. Merrill King; to the International Federationof Ophthalmological Societies: Dr. John H. Dunnington; to the Pan-American Association of Ophthalmology: Dr. Daniel Snydacker.The Council recommends Dr. Wendell L. Hughes as our delegate to the

Council of the Pan-American Association of Ophthalmology.The Council recommends Dr. Derrick Vail as our official delegate to the

International Congress of Ophthalmology.The Council recommends Dr. William P. McGuire as the Committee for

the Reception of New Members.The Council recommends the following candidates for Associate Member-

ship in the Society:Dr. Frederick C. Blodi, Iowa City, IowaDr. Leonard Christensen, Portland, Ore.Dr. Robert W. Hollenhorst, Rochester, Minn.Dr. A. Edward Maumenee, Baltimore, Md.Dr. Garrett L. Sullivan, Boston, Mass.Dr. Fred M. Wilson, Indianapolis, Ind.

The Council recommends Dr. Frederick H. Verhoeff for Honorary Mem-bership.The Council recommends the following nomination of officers for the

ensuing year:For President: Dr. Derrick Vail, Chicago, Ill.For Vice-President: Dr. Algernon B. Reese, New York, N.Y.For Secretary-Treasurer: Dr. Maynard C. Wheeler, New York, N.Y.For Editor of the Transactions: Dr. Gordon M. Bruce, New York, N.Y.

It was moved, seconded and carried that the report of the Councilbe accepted.

Minutes of the ProceedingsThe Secretary read the list of new Associate Members:

Dr. Frederick C. Blodi, Iowa City, IowaDr. Leonard Christensen, Portland, Ore.Dr. Robert W. Hollenhorst, Rochester, Minn.Dr. A. Edward Maumenee, Baltimore, Md.Dr. Garrett L. Sullivan, Boston, Mass.Dr. Fred M. Wilson, Indianapolis, Ind.

The Secretary was instructed to cast one ballot for their election asAssociate Members.

Dr. Arthur J. Bedell asked to be allowed to move that Dr. Verhoeffbe made an Honorary Member of the Society. The motion wasseconded and carried unanimously.The President announced the following Committee appointments:

Council: Dr. James N. Greear, Jr., Chairman; Dr. Wilfred E. Fry;Dr. Angus L. MacLean; Dr. Philip M. Lewis; Dr. Arthur GerardDeVoe.Committee on Theses: Dr. John M. McLean, Chairman, to serve one

year; Dr. F. Phinizy Calhoun, Jr., to serve for two years; Dr. David G.Cogan, to serve for three years.Committee on Program: Dr. William F. Hughes, Jr., Chairman;

Dr. Derrick Vail; Dr. Maynard C. Wheeler.Committee on Prizes: Dr. M. Elliott Randolph, Chairman, to serve

for one year; Dr. Edwin B. Dunphy, to serve for two years; Dr.Francis H. Adler, to serve for three years.Committee on Publications: Dr. Gordon M. Bruce, Editor; Dr. M.

Elliott Randolph, Associate Editor; Dr. Clement McCulloch, AssistantEditor; Dr. Maynard C. Wheeler.Committee on Museum of Ophthalmic History: Dr. Burton Chance,

Emeritus Chairman; Dr. Alexander E. MacDonald, Chairman; Dr. C.Wilbur Rucker; Dr. Maynard C. Wheeler.Committee on American. Orthoptic Council: Dr. Hermann M.

Burian, to serve for one year; Dr. William E. Krewson, to serve for twoyears; Dr. Alton V7. Hallum, to serve for three years.Committee on Optics and Visual Physiology: Dr. Conrad Berens, to

serve for one year; Dr. Hermann M. Burian, to serve for two years;Dr. William C. Owens, to serve for three years.

Representatives on the National Committee for Research in Ophthal-mology and Blindness: Dr. Alson E. Braley and Dr. David G. Cogan.

Representatives on the National Committee for Eye-Banks: Dr. R.Townley Paton and Dr. A. D. Ruedemann.

37

Minutes of the ProceedingsThe Secretary read the list of new officers:

President: Dr. Derrick VailVice-President: Dr. Algernon B. ReeseSecretary-Treasurer: Dr. Maynard C. WheelerEditor: Dr. Gordon M. Bruce

It was moved, seconded and carried that these be approved.The President appointed Dr. Gordon M. Bruce and Dr. John H.

Dunnington to escort Dr. Derrick Vail to the rostrum. Dr. Vailexpressed his appreciation for the honor bestowed upon him, which hefelt was the acme of an ophthalmologist's career in this country.

Dr. Bedell moved that the members rise to express their appreciationof the service of the retiring President, of the way in which he hasconducted the meeting, and his general interest for all these years inthe general welfare of the organization.

THURSDAY MORNINC, MAY 29

The meeting was called to order by the President at 9:00 o'clock.The first order of scientific btusiness was the presentation of new

instruments.Dr. Ramon Castroviejo of New York presented four instruments:

an electro-keratotome, a hook for muiscle surgery which also serves as aclamp and a caliper, a pair of double scissors, and a corneal markinginstruinent.The following papers were read and discussed:

7. "Cvclodialysis with Scleral Shrinkage for Open Glaucoma." Dr. B. Y.Alvis, St. Louis, Missouri. Discussed by Dr. James Allen.

8. "The Status of Ophthalmology in Canada." Dr. Alexander E. Mac-Donald, Toronto, Canada. Discussed by Dr. Bruce Fralick and Dr.Alfred J. Elliot.

9. "A Studv of the Nlisual Functions in Patients with Chorioretinopathyfollowing the Use of NP 207." Dr. Hermann Ml. Burian and Dr. Mary C.Fletcher (by invitation), Iowa City, Iowa. Discussed by Dr. Everett L.Goar and Dr. Arthur Linksz.

10. "Management of Traumatic Lateral Rectus Paralysis." Dr. Webb P.Chamberlain, Jr., Cleveland, Ohio. Discussed by Drs. Howard Hill,Rudolf Aebli, William E. Krewson, III, Philip M. Lewis, James W.Jervey, Jr., and Hermann M. Burian.

11. "Lipid Keratopathy and Atheroma." Dr. David G. Cogan and Dr.Toichiro Kuwabara (by invitation), Boston, Massachusetts. Discussedby Dr. Georgiana Dvorak-Theobald and Miss Ida Maimi.

38

Minutes of the Proceedings12. "Ataractic and Anti-emetic Drugs in Cataract Surgery." Dr. R. D.

Harley and Dr. J. E. Mishler (by invitation), Atlantic City, New Jersey.Discussed by Drs. Walter S. Atkinson, Alan C. Woods, C. DwightTownes, Howard F. Hill, John M. McLean, B. Y. Alvis, Jack S. Guyton,and William C. Owens.

13. "The Multiple Pattern Method of Visual Field Examination." Dr.David 0. Harrington and Dr. Milton Flocks (by invitation), SanFrancisco, California. Discussed by Dr. Frank W. Newell.

Dr. Arthur J. Bedell's motion that a telegram be sent to Dr. BernardSamuels who was seriously ill was seconded and carried.

FRIDAY MORNING, MAY 30

14. "Retinal Arteriosclerosis Secondary to Venous Obstruction." Dr. GeorgeN. Wise, New York, New York. Discussed by Drs. Albert C. Snell, Jr.,Arthur J. Bedell, Clement McCulloch, and David G. Cogan.

15. "The Ocular Findings in Carotid-Cavernous Fistula in a Series of 16Cases." Dr. John Woodworth Henderson and Dr. Richard C. Schneider(by invitation), Ann Arbor, Michigan. Discussed by Dr. Donald J.Lyle.

16. "Serious Visual Troubles Caused by Unusual Circulatory Disturbancein the Region of the Optic Nerve." Dr. Joseph Igersheimer, Boston,Massachusetts. Discussed by Drs. Joseph A. C. Wadsworth, David 0.Harrington, David G. Cogan, and Frank D. Carroll.

17. "Recurrent Intraocular Hemorrhage in Young Adults (Eales' Disease)with Continuous Subconjunctival Therapy with Hydrocortisone." Dr.Alfred J. Elliot, Toronto, Canada. Discussed by Drs. ClementMcCulloch, Gordon M. Bruce, Alan C. Woods, and Alson E. Braley.

18. "Infratemporal Subdural Hematoma as a Cause of Exophthalmos." Dr.Raymond L. Pfeiffer, New York, New York. Discussed by Dr. FrankB. Walsh.

19. "The Use of Preserved Ocular Tissues for Transplantation." Dr. JohnHarry King, Jr., Washington, D.C. Discussed by Drs. Frederick W.Stocker, Ramon Castroviejo, William J. Holmes, and Joseph A. C.Wadsworth.

20. "Evaluation of Viability of Donor Tissue for Corneal Grafting." Dr.Frederick W. Stocker and (by invitation) A. Eiring, M.S.; R.Georgiade, M.A.; and N. Georgiade, M.D., Durham, North Carolina.Discussed by Dr. R. Townley Paton and Dr. John M. McLean.

21. "Ocular Changes in Some Tribes of Brazilian Indians." Dr. M. E.Alvaro and Dr. R. Belfort-Mattos (by invitation), Sao Paulo, Brazil.Discussed by Dr. Robison D. Harley, Miss Ida Mlann, and Dr. WilliamJ. Holmes.

39

Minutes of the ProceedingsBefore adjourning the President expressed his appreciation to the

Committees and to the Secretary, Dr. Wheeler.

NOTE. The silver cigarette case was presented by Dr. Francis H. Adler to Dr.John Harry King, Jr.

The following members were present and registered at the Ninety-fourth Annual Meeting:

Francis H. Adler, M.D.Rudolf Aebli, M.D.James H. Allen, M.D.Moacyr Alvaro, M.D.Bennett Y. Alvis, M.D.William Banks Anderson, Ml.D.Leighton F. Appleman, M.D.Mary K. Asbury, M.D.Walter S. Atkinson, M.D.William M. Bane, M.D.Arthur J. Bedell, M.D.William P. Beetham,M.D.William L. Benedict, M.D.Raynold N. Berke, M.D.Henry L. Birge, M.D.Alson E. Braley, M.D.Albert L. Brown, M.D.Harold W. Brown, M.D.Gordon M. Bruce, M.D.Hermann M1. Burian, M.D.Edwin W. Burton, M.D.F. Phinizv Calhoun, Jr., M.D.Frank D. Carroll, M.D.Ramon Castroviejo, M.D.Webb P. Chamberlaini, Jr., M.D.William B. Clark, M.D.David G. Cogan, M.D.Ralph W. Danielson, M.D.Robert Day, M.D.Perce De Long, M.D.A. Gerard DeVoe, M.D.Harold R. Downey, M.D.Leslie C. Drews, M.D.Walter F. Duggan, M.D.John H. Dunnington, M.D.Edwin B. Dunphy,M.D.Carl T. Eber, M.D.

Harry Eggers, M.D.Alfred J. Elliot, M.D.Harold F. Falls, M.D.Bruce Fralick, M.D.Wilfred E. Fry, M.D.Glen G. Gibson, M.D.Harold Gifford, M.D.John F. Gipner, M.D.Everett L. Goar, M.D.J. N. Greear, Jr., M.D.DuPont Guerry, III, M.D.Trygve Gundersen, M.D.Jack S. Guyton, M.D.George M. Haik, M.D.Alton V. Hallum, M.D.Robison D. Harlev, M.D.David 0. Harrington, M.D.John Woodworth Hendersoin, MI.D.Hloward F. Hill, M.D.John B. Hitz,M.D.William J. Holmes, M.D.Wendell L. Hughes, M.D.William F. Hughes, Jr., M.D.Joseph Igersheimer, MI.D.Charles E. Iliff, M.D.A. Ray Irvine, M.D.James W. jervey, Jr., M.D.Lorand V. Johnson, M.D.

Harold Henry Joy, M.D.Arthur H. Keeney, M.D.John Harry King, Jr., M.D.William E. Krewson, III, M.D.Brendan D. Leahev, M.D.Irving H. Leopold, M.D.Cecil W. Lepard, M.D.Philip M. Lewis, M.D.Arthur Linksz, M.D.

40

Minutes of the ProceedingsDonald J. Lvle, M.D.Murray F. McCaslin, M.D.Clement McCulloch, M.D.Alexander E. MacDonald, M.D.William P. McGuire, M.D.Angus L. MacLean, M.D.John Mi. McLean, M.D.William A. Mann, M.D.George R. MIerriam, Jr., M.D.James I. Moore, M.D.W. Howard Morrison, M.D.L. Conner Moss, M.D.Frank W. Newell, M.D.William C. Owens, M.D.R. Townley Paton, M.D.Charles A. Perera, M.D.Ravmond L. Pfeiffer, M.D.Guillermo Pico, M.D.M. Havward Post, Jr., M.D.Charles R. Potts, M.D.Irving Puntenney, M.D.Robert M. Ramsay, M.D.M. Elliott Randolph, M.D.

Ellen F. Regan, M.D.Shaler Richardson, M.D.Kenneth L. Roper, M.D.A. D. Ruedemann, M.D.Ralph 0. Rychener, M.D.L. B. Sheppard, M.D.Arthur E. Sherman, M.D.Franik P. Smart, M.D.Henry Carroll Smith, M.D.Albert C. Snell, Jr., M.D.Daniel Snydacker, M.D.Frederick W. Stocker, M.D.Georgiana Dvorak-Theobald, 2M.D.Harvey E. Thorpe, M.D.Arno E. Town, M.D.C. Dwight Townes, M.D.Derrick Vail, M.D.Joseph A. C. Wadsworth, NI.D.Frank B. Walsh, M.D.Mlavnard C. Wheeler, M.D.George N. Wise, M.D.Alan C. Woods, M.D.

EMERITUS MEMBER

Eugenie M. Blake, M.D.

HONORARY MEMBER

Ida Mann, M.D.

41