Ciik6WE24834

NewRecommendationsandComparisonsforArtificiall-iftMethodSelectionJ,D,Clegg,Consultant;SM.Bucaram,ARCOInc.;andN.W.HeinJr,,ConocoInc.SPEMembers n

Copyrighl1992,Smclety01PetroleumEngineersinc.

ThispaperwaspreparedforpressmlallonnlIho671hAr,nueiTachnicalConferenceandExhlbitloncdtheSeciefyofPetroleumEnglnaar8heldinWashington,OC,October4-7,1S92.

ThispeperwasselectedforpresentationbyanSPEPragramCommliiee!ollowingreviewofinformationcontainedInanabstractsubmlfredbytheauthor(n).C@0n18ofth?paper,aspresented,hrwenotbeenreviewedbytheSociatyofPetroleumEngineersenderesubject10corracllonbytheauthor(a).Thamaterial,aapresented,doasWInacaaaerifymffacfanypositionoftheSocieryo!Pe!roleumEngineers,itsofficers,ormembers,PaperspresentedatSPEmaellngsaresubject10publicationravlawbyEdltor141CwnmlfrwaoftlwSaciefyofPetroleumEnginaera.Petmiselon10copyisrestrictedtoanabetraclofnotmmathan300words.IlluslralionamaynolbecopiadTheabatracfshouidcerstainc+mpkuauaaoknowladgmentofwhamandbywhomthepaperIspresented.WriteLlbrarlar,,SPE,P.O.SexS32S36,Rlchardewr,TX7S0SS3SSSU.S.A.Telax,7S0969SPEDAL,

# ~sTRAcT

meselectionoftheproperafiiflcialliftmethodis criticalto thelongtermprofitabilityofmostproducingwells.Thispapercomparesthemainselectionat%butesforthecurrent,eightmajorartificialIiflmethodsandprovidespracticalguidelineson the performanceand operatingcapabilitiesforthemethods.ThemethodscoveredincludebeampumpL]g,progressingcavitypump,electricsubmersiblepump,hydraulicreciprocatingpump,hydraulicjet,continuousgaslift,intkxrnittentgaslift,andp!ungerlift.

INTROD~~TIO~

Theselectionofthecorrectartificialliftmethodis cliticaito theIw*gtermprofitabilityofoil,water,andsomegaswells,A poorchoicecansubstantiallyreduceproductionandincreasesoperatingcosts,Onceadecisionhasbeenmadeonthetypeof!ifttoinstallona ,~elil,itishardlyeverreviewedtodeterminethatitwasandstillisthekstliftmethodunderexistingconditions,Inaddition,changingthetypeofliftcostsr~dditionalmoneyandReferencetitendnfpaper.

requiressomeoneadmittingthatthewrongsystemwasinitiallyselected,Althoughprudentproductionengineeringrequirescontinuousreviewof theliftmethod’sperformancewithanaimtomodifytheoperatingparameters,orevenchangeoutthemethod,theusualpracticeisthatonceamethodischosenitstaysinplace“forever.”

Theproperselectionofthebestliftmethodforawellistypicallyhighlyopinionated,Ifdiscussionsam heldwithoperatingpersonnel,theynormallyselectortrytochangeoutanyproblemliftmethodfortheonewithwhichtheyaremostfamiliar.Whenmethodselectionisdiscusstiwiththeequipmentsupplieroreventhein-houseexpertcm a specificmethod,therwommcndationnormallyis thattheirchoicecanbemadetofittherequirements,

This“force-fit”selectionusuallyresultsintheextensionofthecapabilitiesoroperatingexperienceof theselectedliftmethod.However,wetypicallyfindthattheimprovementsaremadetosolvea newproblemthatwssencounteredduetothepoororiginalchoice.Thus,itbecomesverynecessarytoestablishthenormaland,moreimportantly,the practicaloperating

703

2 NEWRECOMMENDATIONSANDCOMPARISONS- ARTWICIALLIFI’SELECTIONSPE24834

capabilitiesofthemajorliftmethodsthatcanbeused.

Inthispaper,eightmajorartificialliftmethodswecompared.Thisisdonebyextendingthe comparisonspreviouslydiscussedbyBrown,et.al.,intheirbook;TheTechnolomof ArtificialLift=ThebasisofthispaperwasformulatedduringdiscussionsattheJuly,1991,SPEForumonNewAdvancesinArtificialLift.Fournewfiftmethodswereaddedtothepreviouslycoveredcomparisons.Theseincludeprogressingcavitypump,hydraulicjetpump,intermittentgasliftandplungerlift.Additionally,31 differentdesignandoperationalattributesareincludedforthesenewcomparisonsbetweenall eighttechniques.AselectedBibliographyandpertinentreferencesforgeneralandspec~tcartificialliftmethodusage,capabilities,selection,andcomparisonsarepresentedattheendofthispaper.

Theonethingthatshouldbeemphasizedisthattheperformanceorcapabilityattributesinthispapera~basedonpracticalandproventechnology.Newadvancesmayextendanindividualmethod’sperformance.Untiltheadvancesareproventobepracticalandcosteffectiveoverthelongterm,theyshouldbeviewedasremediestoaparticularproblem.Thus,thesecurrentattributescanbeusedtocompareandselectthe“best”liftmethodforanewwell.Furthefinore,thecomparisonofattributescanbeusedtodetermineifthec!xmntliftmethodforawellpreviously,mayhavebeeninccumxtlychosenandthatanothermethodshouldbeconsideredasamphwement.

~~” :SSION

Theselectionof themostappropriateartificialliftmethodhastostartup-frontwhenthereservoir,drilling,andcompletiondesignsanddecisionsarebeingmade.Thisrequiresverygood,opencommunicationbetweentilofthesedisciplines.Coupledtothisamtheproductionrequirementsandlimitationsincontractdeliverablesthathavetobemet.Thus,gooddrillstemtestandproductionmtedatahavetoobtainedasthefirststepsonmethodselection,Thedrillingandcompletionscenariosthrnhaveamajorimpactindeterminingnotonlythebestliftmethod;but,alsowhatistheover-allcapabilityofthewell.

Thefollowingtableshavebeendevelopedtoaidincomparingallthedifferentproductionparametersthatneedtobeconsidered,asaminimum,alongwiththereservoir,drilling,andcompletioninformation.Thesetableshavebeendividedinthreemainareastoprovidethemainemphasisofthispaper.Comparingandcontrastingthepracticalcapabilitiesshouldbedonetomakethebestmethodse%ctionforthelifeoftheproject.TableIpresentsthe10differentattributesfornormaldesignandoverallcapabilitiescomparisons.TableII pmentsninedifferentparametersthataregroupedundernormaloperatingconsiderations.TableIIIpresentsthe12liftmethodparametersthatarespecialproblemconsideratim.

Whenselectingthe“best”liftmethod,alloftheseparametersneedtobeconsideti.However,therearesomeitemsthatover-ridewhichmethodshouldbeused.Asanexample,thelocationisa keyfactorinmethodselection.Oft’shore,amtic,andremoteareasmayjustifyorforceadifferent

704

. .

SPE24s34 J.D.CLECC,S.M.BUC- ANDN.W.HEIN,JR. 3

methodthanthecombinationofalltheotherattributes.Thecostofenergyis veryimportantin somelocations;whileintoday’srestricteddomesticproduction,over-allefficiencyandtotaloperatingcostsaredrivingare-lookatwhatmaybethe“best”method,Addedtothisisserviceoftheequipment.Thismaybeverycostlyinsomelocationsaroundtheworld.Allofthesefactorsandthosediscussedinthetablesmustbeconsideredtodeterminethefinalliftmethod,Thus,thedeterminationofanymethodneedsa“full-cycle”econorriicjustification.

s~ Y/CONCLUSION5j

1. Eachartificialliftmethodhasdifferentliftattributesthatmustbeevaluatedfoethespecificinstallation,Of particularimportanceare the productionraterequirementsoverthelifeoftheproject.

2. Theattributesof theaxt~icialiiftmethodsarerelativetoeachotherandcanonlybespecificforaparticularproductioninstallation,

3. Whenallthe31listedliftattributesareconsidered,therearesomethathavemoresignificancethanothers.Oneoftheseislocation.Thisisimportantsinceitcansignifkantlyaffectcapitalandoperatingcosts,aswellasproductionrates.

4. Therearesomeimportantover-ridingconsidemtionsinartificialliftselection.Theuseofbeampumpsshouldbethefirstchoiceifoperationsamtobedoneoniand.Ifoffshoreistheproductionlocation,thenthemethodofchoiceisgaslift.Experiencehasshownthatsuchchoicesnormallyresultinoptimumproductionandminimumcosts,

Thus,thesechoicesshouldbeusedatthestandardforcomparisonoftheotherliftmethods.Theotherliftmethodsonlyshouldbeselectedwheretherearedefiniteinstallationandoperationaladvantages.

5. Oncea methodisselected,therestillneedsto be refinementandproperengineeringdonetodesignandselectalltheequipmentnecessarytomakethismethodactual!yworkfortheapplication.Impropcdesignandoperationofthe“best”selectedmethodwillalways“prove”thattheselectionwasnotthebestinthefirstplace.Thus,oncethemethodis selectedanddesigned,discussionsneedtotakeplacewithoperationspersonneltoprovidethemwiththenecessaryinformation,includingtraining,to makethis installationeconomicallysuccessful.

6. Thelimitsandrelatiyecomparisonslistedinthesetablesarebasedontheexperiencesof the authorsandareCcmidered“conventionalwisdom.”Mostoftheseattributesaresubjecttochangewithimprovedtechnology.In addition,experiencemayaltersomeofthelistedlimits.Theauthorsrequestthatnewdatabepublishedthatwillaltertheserecommended,practicalcapabilitiesandimprovetheindustryknowledgeon artificialliftselection.

Theauthorswishtothanktheirmanagementforallowingthisworktobedoneandthecomparisonspublished.~~ealsowishtothankalloftheupstreamproducingandmanufacturingpersomelwhocontributedtothepmcticalcomments,relatedto thispaper.

705

4 NEWRECOMMENDATIONSANDCOMPARISONS- ARTI~CIALLIFTSELECTION

BIBLIOGRAPHY/REFERENCESat the 1977SPEAnnualTechnicalExhibition,Denver,Oct.9-12.

WE24s34

conferenceand

GENERAL

[1]Brown,K,E. TheTechnologyof ArtificialLift,PetroleumPublishingCo.,Tulsa,Ok.(1980).

[2]Brown,K.E.:“OverviewofArtificialLiftSystem,”~ (Oct.1982)2384-2396.

[3]Bucaram,!$,M.,andB.J.Yearly:“AData-GatheringSystemto OptimizeProducingOperations:A 14YearReview,”~ (April,1987)457-62;Trans.,AIME,287,

14]Clegg,JoeDunn:“High-rateArtificialLitI,”~(March1988)277-82.

[5]Neely,A.B.,F.W.Gipaon,B.Capps,J.D.Clegg,andP.Wilson:“SelectionofArtificialLiftMethod”SPEpaper10337presentedat the 1982SPEAnnualTechnicalConferenceandExhibition.

BEAM(ROD)PUMPING

[1]Clegg,JoeDUM: “Improved SuckerRodPumpingDesignCalculations,”proceedings35thAnnualhieetingoftheSouthwesternPetroleumShortCourse,Lubbock,Tx(Apd1988).

[2]Clegg,JoeDunn:“AnotherLookatGasAnchors,”proceedings36thAnnualMeetingof theSouthwesternPetroleumShortCourse,Lubbock,Tx(April1989).

[3] Ciegg,Joe Dunn:“RodPumpingSelectionandDesign,”proceedingsThirty-eighthAnnualMeetingoftheSouthwesternPetroleumShortCourse,Lubbock,Tx(Apd1991)274-28S,

[4]Duke,S.E.:“ArtificialLift-WhichMethodBestFitsYourNeeds,”proceedingsoftheannualmeetingofthe28thSouthwesternPetroleumShortCourse,Lubbock,Tx(April1981)314-320.

IS]Foley,W.L,, andJ.0. Savinos:“ExpertAdvissrProgramforRodPumping,”u (April1989)394-400,

[6]Gault,R.H,:“DesigningaSucker-rodPumpingSystemforhlaximumEfficiency,”~ (Nov.,1987)284-90,

[7]Gibbtt,S,G,:“PredictingtheBehaviorofSucker-RodPumpingSystems,” J~ (July1963)769-81:Trans.,AIME,228,

[8]Gibbs,S.G,:”AGeneralMe&odforPredictingRodPumpingSyetcmPerformance,”paperSPE6890presented

[9]Gibbs,S.G.:“AReviewofMethodsforDesign&AnalysisofRodPumpingInstallations,”~ (Dee1982)2931-9.

[10]Gipson,F. W. andH. W.Swaim:“TheBeamPumpingDesignChain,” proceedingsofthe31stannualmeetingofSouthwesternPetroleumShortCourse,”(April1984)296-383.

[11]Gray,H.E,:“KinematicsofOil-WelJPumpingUnits,”Drilling&ProductionPractice,API(1963)156-65.

[12]Juch,A.H.andR.J.Watson:‘NewConceptsinSucker-RodPumpDesign,”~ (March1969)342-54;Trans.,AIME,246.

[13]Kramer,M,J.C.,J.D.Mtin,andA.B.Neely:“On-siteAnalysisof Sucker-RodIMmpingSystemsWeUs,”paperSPE11037presentedat the 1982SPEAnnualTechnicalConferenceandExhibitions,NewOrleans,Sept.26-29.

[14]Lea,J.F.,J,F. Brown:“DynamicMeasurementofBeamPumpParameters,”paperSPE18187presentedatthe1982SPEAnnualTechnicalConferenceandExhibition,Houston,Oct.2.-5.

115]Lubinski,A. andBlenkam,K,A.: “BucklingofTubingin PumpingWells;It’sEffectandMeansforControUingIt,”~ (March,1957),p,73-88,Trans.AIME;210,

[16]Neely,A. B,andH.O.Tolbeti:“ExperiencewithPump-offControlinthePermianBasin,”~ (May1988)645-649,

[17]Schmidt,Z,andD,R,130ty:“SystemAnalysisforSuckerRodPumping,” paperSPE15426;61stannualtechnicalconferenceandexhibition,NewOrleans,La,(Ott5-8,1986),

[18]Swaim,H.W,and Hein,N,W.: ‘ SurfaceDynamometerCardlntqwetation:A BeamPumpingProblemSolvingTool,” SouthwesternPetroleumShortcourse, /i@ 22-23,1987.

[19]Tripp,H,A:“MechanicalPerformanceofFiberglassSucker-RodStrings,”- (Aug1988)346-50,

[20]NACEStandardMR-01-76,MateriaJRequirements:MetallicMaterialsforSuckerRodPumpsforHydrogen

706

sPit24834 JoD.CLEGG,S.M.BUCARAM,ANDN.W.HIUN,JR. 5

SulfideEnvironments:AppendixB-SelectionofOptimumTypePump.

[21] API DesignSpecificationsand RecommendedPracticesforSuckerRodPumpingSystems:APISpec1B,SpecllAX,RPllAR,SpecllB,W ll13R,Spec1lC,SpecllE, RPllER,RPlIG,RPllL, Bul11L2,Bul11L5.

GASLIFT

[1]Blarm,J.R.andJ.D.Williams:“DeterminingtheMostProfitableGasInjectionPressureforGasLiftInstallations,”~ (Aug.1984)1305-11.

[2]Blann,J.R.,L.JacobosonandC. Faber:“ProductionOptimizationintheProvinciaField,Colombia,”SPE-PE(Feb.1989)9-14.

[3]~JeMoss,E.E.andW.D.Tiemann:“GasLiliIncreasesHigk-VolumeProductionFromClaymoreField,”~(Apti1982)696-702.

[4]%cht,F,T.:“SelectingGasLif?EquipmentforHighRateWells,”WORLDOIL(Jan.1981)165-67.

[5]Kanu,E.P.,J. MachandK.E.Brown:“ EconomicApproachtoOiSProductionandGasLiftAllocationinContinuousGasLift,“~ (Oct.1981)1887-92.

[6] Reddin,J.D., T.A.G.Sherman,andJ.R.Blann:“OptimizingGas-LiftSystems,”paperSPE5150presentedatthe1974SPEFallMeeting,Houston,Tx(Ott1974).

[7]Simmons,W.E.: “OptimizingContinuousFlowGasLiftWells,”PETROLEUMENGINEER(Aug.1972)46-48and(Sept.1972)68-72.

[8]Wirdder,H.W,●nd S,S,Smith:CameoGasLiftManual,CameoInc.,Houston,Tx,

[9]APlGASLIFTMANUAL,API,Dallas,Tx,[10]APIDESIGNSPECIFICATIONSANDRECOMtIIENDEDPRACTICES:SPEC1lV1,RP11V5,RPl1V6,RP1tV7,

INTERM1TTE?4TGASLEFT

[1] Beadle,G,, et, al.: “Evaluationof SurfaceBack-PressureforContinuousandintermittentFlowGasLift,”~ (March,1963),243-251,

[2]Neely,A,B,,l,W.MontgomeryandJ.V,Vogel:“AFieldTest●ndAnalyticalStudyofhWermittentGasLift,”~ (Oct.1974)502-512.

[3]Walker,M.:“IntermittentInjectionofGasinGas-LiftInstallations,”~ Vol.82,1929,151-161,

[4]White,G,et, al.:“AnAnalyticalConceptoftheStaticandDynamicParametersofIntermittentGasLift,”J~(March1963),301-308.

PLUNGERLIFT

[1]Beauregard,E.andMorrow,S .: “NewandUnusualApplicationforPlungerLiftSystem,”SPEPaper18868.

[2]Beauregard,E. andFerguson,P.L.:“IntroductiontoPlungerLitl:Applications,AdvantagesandLimitations,”SouthwesternPetroleumShortCourse,April23-25,1981.

[3]Fcrguson,P. L. andBeauregard,E.:“HowtoTeilifPlungerLiftWiUWorkinYourWeU,”WorldOil,(Aug.,1985),33-36.

[4]Foss,D.L.andGaul,R.B.:“PlungerLiftPerformanceCriteriawithOperatingExperience-VenturaAve.Field,”DriUingandReductionRactk’s,APi,1965,124-140.

[5]LeBeaux,J.M.andSuddufh,L,F.:a‘flmoreticalandRacticalAspectsofFreePistonOperation,”~ (Sept.,1955),33-37.

[6] Lee,J.F.: “Dynamicf nalysis of PlungerLiftOperations,”SPE10253.

[~ McCoy,C.D.andRoss,K,: “PlungerLitl,andEconomicAlternativetoSuckerRodPumps,”SouthwesternPetroleumShortCourse,Lubbock,April22-23,1992,337-344.

[8]McMurray,E.D.:“UseoftheAutomaticFreePistonin Oil WeUProductionProblems,” ~~ Vol.198,165-170,

[9]Mower,L. N,,et,al,:“De@gtheCharacteristicsandPerformanceofGas-LiftPlungers,”SPEPaper14344.

ELECTRICALSUBMERSIBLEPUMPING

[1] AUis,D.H,, and W.M,Capps:“SubmersiblePumping-LongBeachUnitofhat WilmingtorIField:A17-YearReview,”~ (Aug.,1984)1321-25.

[2]Divine,D,L.:“AVariableSpeedSubmersiblePumpingSystem,”paperSPE8241presentedat the1979SPEAnnualTechnicalConferenceandExhibition,LasVegas.Sept23-26,

707

6 NEWRECOMMENDATIONSANDCOMPARNWNS- ARTIFICIALLIFI’SELECTIONSPR2434

[3] L-, J <F. antiJ.L.Beuden:“EffectsofGaseousFluidsonSubmersiblePumpPerformance,”~ (Dec.1982)2922-30.

[4] Lea, J.F. and J.L. Bearden:“GasSeparatorPerformanceforSubmersiblePumpoperations,”~ (June1982)1327-33,

[5]Lea,J.F.andB.L.Wilson:“TheRoleofPowerCostinSeleAonofanAdicialLiftSystem,” proceedingsoftheSP13ESPWorkshop,Houston,Tx(April1990).

[6] Fwely,A.B,andM.M.Patterson:“SoftStartofSubmersiblePumpedOilWells,”~ (April1984)653-56.

[~Stewart,R.E.: “TheEffectsofPowerSupplyIntegrityonElectricalSubmergiblePumpingSystems,”paperSPE9038presentedatthe1980SPErockyMountainRegionalMeeting,Caaper,May14-16.

HYDRAULICPUMPING

[1]Coberly,C.J.:“’flwryandApplicationofHydraulic14unpingInstallations,”Kobeinc.,HuntingtonPark,Ca.(1961).

[2]Hollis,R.G.:“DeepHydraulicPumping-RenoField,”~(Nov., 1966)1395-99,

[3]NolenK.B.andS.G.Gibbs:*SubsurfaceHydraulicPumpingDiagnosticTechniques,”paperSPE4540presentedatthe1973SPEAnnualMeeting,LasVegas,Sept.30-OCL3.

[4]Wilson,P.M.:“IntroductiontoHydraulicPumping,”KobeInc.,HuntingtonPark,Ca.(1976).

HYDRAULICJETPUMPING

[1]Christ, F.C.andPetrie,H.L.: “ObtainingLowBottomholePressuresinDeepWeUswithHydraulicJetPUMPS,”SPE-PE.(Aug.,1989),290-294.

[2]Corteville,J,C.,et.al.:“ResearchonJetPumpsforSingleandMultiphaaePumpingofCrude+”SPEPaper16923,Dallas,Sept.27-30,1987,437-448.

[3]Gosl.ine,J.E.,and0’Brien, M.P.:“TheWaterJetPump,”Univ.ofCalifornia~blicationsinEngineering,U.ofCaliforniapress,(1942),3,No.3, 167-170,

[4]Cropping,A,W.,et.al.: “FundamentalsofOilwellJetPumping,”sPE-Pg(Feb.,198S),9-14.

[5]Jiao,B.,Z.Schmidt, andR.N.Blah:“EfkiencyandPressureRecoveryin HydraulicJet PumpingofTwo-phase,Gas/LiquidMixtures,”paper18190presentedat the 1988SPEAnnualTechnicalConferenceandWddbition,Houston,Oct.2-5.

[6]Nelson,C.C.:“TheJetFreePump-ProperApplicationThroughComputerCalculatedOperatingChalta,”SouthwesternPetroleumShortCourse,Lubbock,1975.

[71Petrie,H.L., et.al.:‘JetPumpingOilV’ells,”3PatSeries,WorldOil,(Nov.,1983),51-56,(Dec.,1983),109-114,(Jan.,1984),101-108.

[8]Tjondrodiputro,B.,et.al.:“HydraulicJetPumpinginaRemoteLocation,”WorldOil,(WC.,,1986),35-37.

[9]Wilson,P.M.:“JetPump-AProgressReviewonTwoYeusof FieldPerfomunce,”SouthwesternPetroleumShortCourse,Lubbock,April26-27,1973,

PROGRESSIVECAVITYPUMPS

[1]Gaymard,B.,et,al.:“TheprogressingCavityPumpinEurope:ResultsandNewDevelopments,”7thOffshoreSouthEastAsiaConference,Singapore,Feb.2-5,1988,444-453.

[2]Saveth,K.J.andKlein,S.T.:“TheProgressingCavityPump:principleandCapabilities,”SPE18873,SPEproductionOperationsSymposium,OklahomaCity,March,1989,429-434.

708

TABLStARIIFICULLIFT.OSSIONCONSIDEIUIIONSANDOVERALLCCMPARISOMS

Rti Pumping Pro9(**timJC.”* Nyd,.ul,cJtiRump

GCUIC,lSub.-rmstbtoP.mplng

0. lmSy$b+naComli”wnnFti

O.@M s“ti.mIm.mlfl..lLn(!IdrilwudI,ommfdin.e.sfl.mj.—

Vbryknviflmc&npi*ue,:Wui!ti.

Lc.#ton,odw?t%,.,,.,,0, “ d.ptho.d.nt 8ic*,“,,.”S+,

Low,bidimcreasa,, d,~h,ndpump<m.1“,,*.,**

V*!** butdl.nccnnmtw. with,04pummMukipbwell.c*rdfdsystemsWducnc-t wWI M mol.c0mP4iU!.d.

PtapmpumpstingandW.!i.a w-dc-WUnlbt.RqubtuW-aC’acduc!m(pwlwfluidm-d,gblm,).sing!+tubingotlmgonPuk.,d W81Wmlnuklamflm—C19MWWkConrld4

F9LIw#o@)91@#& “@Od. m.dP-P@tibC$LR.hi &P-w -fr“plalOhiehCiirunmlhowwmtmwkdlOLR>lrn q bM$AUmkall.

-Pm- toWp.mm filfiw.bIewcomww!mBFPOCAInc,..noW*ll@wh-w”pc+w,

W*NCMI*9quipmwdwd ~M Uwnpt.nbocc+!msybehlfjhC@ralc0mpi9nbnryaullMdwtiOvw.11CMwWell.

OocdVah c%lgn.& tpui~enwltbl,MOdQmt.codlotW811q-(vEt+w*ndIundr.ls)TYP&oltvw tinIovuvblIwcdod.C4mie0d-mfiuml C4WwWabnelW#a9.

F*. incm !0!wdbdUtlU@9mm W#balOnOLIV,.Lw totWckbmqIktfqM9hOLiv.,TYW a wFawesbm

WnCuConlin”ou$MQ“ ML

Dwmh.1.Ew,pm..!

R,cc,m.btyQood,4 d.,i~n●nd.P9,tim’jpfti.w“Med.Ob@Lm”kC4f.,l”t..Lmlld,caal.mad**be!iOn,Opwattno,andt.pit pihcfkba- k-+rodmWdpump9

Od d.,g. ●dwmtongpc.clii..tmea%dMayha,,wobkmsWIOeItiondwpt0cWt4SW.,VIodomol

%WI**PiopaC.bb1..ddition10mow,pumps,“d,, wt. 000’sdm,9nP4U9gtiopamlw$pmc%.,%.*nIi.!

GQwbmqPIMC.Shw.tob Iaibi,.1!. .Uh*I tolwu.f-von~ +=+-.WI.$tl@mgPWUa

UnloadtobdlomWI!Q,,M$’*IVWcmmkb,ch,mt+,fwh!$hPI&hBHPwell.

Elbwncy(OPOmtllw)

[k@.,!llcHwnpmwlInptikwwpwmr{HW’IW4FI]

ficDnmttd*ylwl!dlwncy.Wahbdlpum+bl!agc,olluiwlq**d* w b WA.

Gceb’d,nwyMcoodW pwipok+&l cwe9Tw14Ywtm8.%W.CYw toFmL

Od 10!tnohI*W9!@budwrealm**llbU$ bl. tax wm.T“piuvyMq*t9mHui.nww*badSO%* hiirlbmlibslo..lsa sm.dlltiwqIyw.ltf.w

Fait10F-SWm.x.Wbnq FOtiA9UCmaopkNu..l)fhAbuw9dW-WMW

qlbdursTypwW-Mwdk-dl~la

POOKmmmnytwu!mah*kJ=glemd~,TypMaMWncyhSb10FLkllpmvd*PWWfS

ElmuawlalIIMqws!b mw@mwrqu4c8d*illr#wUan*m OldnWM.

——

:Xc,lbnl,C*”ah.,PM.$l!*ehnpm,lun~.ftm, .nd. . mmtocw,rd,,odu,mlml,,

%%10,I,,*Id Wwrm:a,duldmlljnBo pwiduWINrfb”hdsy.

WOdtoWc*$m,P fludm.w prm4”t*,dwttlNWMt-duCilMM,m-du zbpuny*O!I“MewtelulldmqnCepac,ay0![n*t*fbdpumpSd+ctbndthmtiondnozzbshe,*m*netang*0!wal,m..endL*n*c*

k.cdto*acdlml,. . V.Vpou.fIUWJC* . Ihu,iPPAd d@WmOlo.mP NumucuIumpsk- .cd.mpl-ir.a*W ●6* ,9F,rcduMmIenddW4h,q”u.rn,nb

hx,b,lq bit,c.. .WWA *6,,.1,<u.dpovid..,ddtihwmlfl.,rbiltibui .dd*dcm!,,

00d!orbwSUMw.lb C,”$,.*Iltlpehonnoandqlnrmy

bed,mum.dpstIlule,ntire,●nd@U lrquO*

Mtscdbn,ou,%obl.lno

-—.mdlq boxId,g. m,”bmm,”md,pObnb*lhsmrd(An!,wlbs,rmmtulh”gLax**.8.wai(.bld

M.yb... lmmcdt.wt. Inmm.1,*MSInc,m.,m.the.f,toldknwhdg.,.d.xp.t,bncaI,mmd

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