IMPLEMENTING PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING USING SCRIBBLENAUTS

UNLIMITED FOR TEACHING ENGLISH AT

SMK NEGERI 1 SAWAN

Diajukan kepada

Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha

Untuk Memenuhi Salah Satu Persyaratan dalam Menyelesaikan

Program Sarjana Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris

OLEH

Desak Anugrah Dwi Kusuma

NIM 1812021065

ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM

FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS GANESHA STATE UNIVERSITY

OF EDUCATION SINGARAJA

2022

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all, the researcher’s gratitude is given to Ida Sang Hyang Widhi

Wasa, who gave the researcher energy in composing this research paper entitled

“Implementing Problem-Based Learning using Scribblenauts Unlimited for

Teaching English at SMK Negeri 1 Sawan”. The researcher's appreciation is also

extended to the numbers of people who gave the researcher's support and

motivation. They are:

1.My dearest family who have always shown their love, support, and motivation

during my research.

2.Prof. Dr. Ni Nyoman Padmadewi, M.A, the first supervisor, who kindly gave

beneficial feedback, encouraging ideas, warm and supportive suggestions, and

motivation that enabled the writer to complete this research paper a lot..

3.I Nyoman Pasek Hadi Saputra, S.Pd., M.Pd is the second supervisor who

kindly provided helpful suggestions, advice, warm and supportive suggestion,

as well as the motivation for the researcher.

4.All of the ELE lecturers who gave support and guidance during studying in

English Language Education.

5.The Teachers and the Students from SMK Negeri 1 Sawan who were the

subjects of this study have been sources of valuable data.

6.The Headmaster of SMK Negeri 1 Sawan who gave the researcher permission

to do this study.

The researcher hopes that the result of this research can be beneficial for the

readers, whether it is in the academic field or non-academic. Besides that, the

researcher also hopes this paper includes all the information that the readers want

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TABLE OF CONTENT

TABLE OF CONTENT ................................................................................. iii

LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................vi

LIST OF TABLES ....................................................................................... viii

CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION .................................................................. 1

1.1 Background of the Study ......................................................................... 1

1.2 Problem Identification ............................................................................. 5

1.3 Research Limitation ................................................................................. 6

1.4 Research Questions .................................................................................. 6

1.5 Purpose of the Study ................................................................................ 7

1.6 Significance of Study ............................................................................... 7

1.6.1 Theoretical Significance ................................................................ 8

1.6.2 Practical Significance..................................................................... 8

CHAPTER II : LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................... 10

2.1 Theoretical Review ................................................................................ 10

2.1.1 The Generation of Digital Native in 21st Century Education ...... 11

2.1.2 The Urgency of Teaching English

as a Foreign Language (TEFL) .................................................... 14

2.1.3 English Learning Achievement.................................................... 15

2.1.4 Problem-Based Learning (PBL) .................................................. 16

2.1.5 The Seven Steps of the Maastricht Model in PBL Approach ...... 19

2.1.6 The Rationale of Video Games in Education .............................. 20

2.1.7 Scribblenauts Unlimited Video Game ......................................... 23

2.2 Empirical Review................................................................................... 29

2.3 Conceptual Framework .......................................................................... 33

2.4 Hypothesis.............................................................................................. 34

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT................................................................................ i

ABSTRACT

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CHAPTER III : RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ...................................... 35

3.1 Research Design..................................................................................... 35

3.2 Research Setting..................................................................................... 37

3.3 Population, Sample, and Sampling ........................................................ 40

3.3.1 Sample.......................................................................................... 42

3.3.2 Sampling ...................................................................................... 43

3.4 Validity and Reliability of Instruments.................................................. 44

3.4.1 Validity of Instruments ................................................................ 44

3.4.2 Reliability of Instrument .............................................................. 47

3.5 Data Collection Procedure ..................................................................... 49

3.5.1 Observating and approaching the research place and research

samples ......................................................................................... 49

3.5.2 Preparing the Instrument .............................................................. 50

3.5.3 Deciding Population and Sample ................................................. 51

3.5.4 Administering Pre-test, Treatments, Post-test, and Open-Ended

Questionnaire to Students ........................................................... 52

3.5.5 Giving Likert-Type Questionnaire to English Teachers and

Administering A Semi-Structured Interview to an English

Teacher ......................................................................................... 52

3.5.6 Analyzing the Data of Pretest-Posttest and

Open-Ended Questionaire ............................................................ 53

3.5.7 Analyzing the Data of Likert-type Questionnaire

and Semi-structured Interview .................................................... 53

3.6 Research Variables................................................................................. 53

3.7 Research Instruments ............................................................................. 55

3.8 Data Analysis ......................................................................................... 61

3.8.1 Paired T-Test with Two Sample Dependent Case ....................... 61

3.8.2 Descriptive Statistic Analysis ...................................................... 62

3.8.3 Descriptive Statistic with Frequency Analysis ............................ 63

3.8.4 Coding Technique ........................................................................ 65

3.8.5 Inferential Statistic Analysis ........................................................ 66

3.8.6 Statistical Hypothesis ................................................................... 68

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CHAPTER IV FINDING & DISCUSSION .................................................70

4.1 Description of Data .................................................................................70

4.1.1 Descriptive Analysis Result ..........................................................75

4.1.2 Paired Samples T-Test Result .......................................................76

4.1.3 Effect Size .....................................................................................79

4.1.4 Open-Ended Questionnaire Findings ............................................79

4.1.5 The XI AKL2 Class English Teacher’s Opinions.........................85

4.2 Hypothesis Testing..................................................................................86

4.3 Discussion on The Result........................................................................88

4.4 Implication ..............................................................................................92

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION ......................................................................94

5.1 Summary .................................................................................................94

5.2 Conclusion ..............................................................................................95

5.3 Suggestion ...............................................................................................96

REFERENCES

APPENDICES

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LIST OF TABLES

Table 1. The classification of human generation with types of digital

society ............................................................................................. 12

Table 2. Indonesian EF EPI tren from 2016 to 2021 according to Education

First (2021)..................................................................................... 15

Table 3. The seven steps of Maastricht ........................................................ 19

Table 4. The modified seven steps of Maastricht which is applied in

current research .............................................................................. 20

Table 5. Scribblenauts Unlimited video game system requirement ........... 28

Table 6. Diagram of Pre-test – Post-test design .......................................... 36

Table 7. Research Schedule for Collecting the Data for Research

Question 1 ...................................................................................... 37

Table 8. Research Schedule for Collecting the Data for Research

Question 2 ...................................................................................... 39

Table 9. The population of 11th grade students ........................................... 41

Table 10. The population of teachers ........................................................... 41

Table 11. The sample of 11th grade students .............................................. 43

Table 12. The sample of teacher .................................................................. 43

Table 13. Cross Tabulation Table ................................................................ 45

Table 14. The Qualification for Measuring Content Validity...................... 46

Table 15. Reliability Statistics result for MTCs and Essays ........................ 48

Table 16. Pre-test-post test phases ............................................................... 55

Table 17. Scoring rubric for essay test in pretest-posttest instrument ......... 57

Table 18. The benefits of video game .......................................................... 58

Table 19. The Result of Normality Test on Pre-Test Score Before

Treatment..................................................................................... 61

Table 20. The alignment of research questions, data, instrument, and

techniques of data analysis .......................................................... 65

Table 21. Criteria for Normal Distribution Test .......................................... 67

Table 22. The Formula of Effect Size .......................................................... 67

Table 23. The one group pretest-posttest scores result ................................ 73

Table 24. The Shapiro-Wilk test of normality result of pretestposttest

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data .............................................................................................. 74

Table 25. The Descriptive Analysis of Pretest-Posstest Data ...................... 75

Table 26. Paired Samples Statistics ............................................................. 76

Table 27. Paired Samples Correlations ........................................................ 77

Table 28. Paired Samples Test ..................................................................... 78

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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. The most spoken language worldwide in 2021 based on

Statista survey result in 2021 ....................................................... 14

Figure 2. Maxwell and his sister, Lily ......................................................... 23

Figure 3. Helping a sick kitten ..................................................................... 24

Figure 4. Helping a sick teeth ...................................................................... 24

Figure 5. Helping a sad girl whose kitty is stuck on top of the tree............. 25

Figure 6. Suggested words to correct typo word ......................................... 26

Figure 7. Unique objects are created with several adjectives and nouns ..... 27

Figure 8. The conceptual framework flowchart of current research ............ 33

Figure 9. Embedded design-method model ................................................. 35

Figure 10. The framework of present research data collection methods ..... 35

Figure 11. The research design of pre-experimental with one group

pretest-posttest ............................................................................... 36

Figure 12. Gregory Formula for Testing Content Validity .......................... 45

Figure 13. The Analysis Result of Content Validity.................................... 47

Figure 14. Cronbach’s Alpha reliability range ............................................ 48

Figure 15. The qualitative analysis process in current research .................. 65

Figure 16. The Effect Size of Implementing Scribblenauts Unlimited ....... 79

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