HoROLOGICAL TM

HoROLOGICAL TM

TIMES December 2001

HoROLOGICAL TIMES

American Watchmakers-Clockmakers Institute

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HoROLOGICAL .. TIMES

An Official Publication of the American Watchmakers-C/ockmakers Institute

EDITORIAL & EXECUTIVE OFFICES AWl, 701 Enterprise Drive, Harrison, OH 45030 Phone: Toll Free 1-866-367-2924 or (513) 367-9800 Fax: (513) 367-1414 E-mail: [email protected] Web Site: www.awi-net.org Office Hours: Monday-Friday 8:00AM to 5:00 PM (EST) Closed National Holidays

Donna K. Baas: Managing Editor, Advertising Manager Katherine J. Ortt: Associate Editor, Layout/Design Associate

James E. Lubic, CMW: Executive Director & Education & Technical Director

Lucy Fuleki: Assistant Executive Director Thomas J. Pack, CPA: Finance Director Nancy L. Wellmann: Education Coordinator Sharon McManus: Membership Coordinator Mary Huff: Shipping Coordinator Melanie Frye: Receptionist/Secretary Steve Jones: Audiovisual Manager

HOROLOGICAL TIMES ADVISORY COMMITTEE Linda Chrysler: Chairman Ron DeCorte, CMW Chip Lim, CMW, CMC, CMEW Stanley McMahan Robert Ockenden, CMC Manuel J. Yazijian

AWl OFFICERS Robert D. Porter, CMW: President Jim Door: First Vice President Jack Kurdzionak, CW: Second Vice President Frank Poye, CW: Secretary Fred Burckhardt, FAWI: Treasurer

AWl DIRECTORS Mark Butterworth Alice B. Carpenter, CMW, CMEW Joseph L. Cerullo, CMW, CMC David A. Chrislianson, CMW, CMEW Ron DeCorte, CMW Wes Door, CMW Henry Frystak, CMW Ewell D. Hartman, CMW, FAWI Gerald Jaeger, CMW, CMC, CMEW, FAWI Marshall F. Richmond, CMW John Kurdzionak: Affiliate Chapter Director Ken Pell: Research & Education Council Director Tony Riggio, CMW: Industry Advisory Board Director

IMMEDIATE PAST PRESIDENT Ron DeCorte, CMW

FELLOWS American Watchmakers-Ciockmakers Institute Robert F. Bishop J. M. Huckabee James H. Broughton Gerald G. Jaeger Fred S. Burckhardt Robert A. Nelson George Daniels Benjamin Matz ' Henry B. Fried ' Hamilton E. Pease Josephine F. Hagans Archie B. Perkins *Orville R. Hagans William 0. Smith, Jr. Ewell D. Hartman Milton C. Stevens Harold J. Herman *Marvin E. Whitney

'Deceased

ReprintlnMnd 111produc1ion Is prahlb~l!d without written ~ission from the ~~,:k~;:~~~~~".stitute. Copyright ' 01 by the Ameri-

HOROlOGICAL TIMES (ISSNO 145-9546) Is published monlhly and copyrighted bv 11\o Amerlcan Watdunal<ers Institute 701 Enterprise Drive HatriSofl, OH 4!iOJ0.1696'. S~lion price fill the P1Jblie is S70.00 per year (S6.SO pel' oopy~ Memb&fs sulr saiplion Is S25.00 whlch is lnduclecl 11'1h annual dlJes of $70.00. Peilodlcals ~ pall! at Hamson, OH 4&l30 and additional e11tries. ·POSTMASTER: Stnd address chall<JGS to HO~OGICAL TIMES, 701 Entelptise Orlve, Hsnlson. OH 4!iOJ0.1695.

CONTENTS FEATURE ARTICLES

VOLUME 25 NUMBER12

DECEMBER 2001

Perpetual Calandar 4F and SF Watch Battery Replacement, By Scott Chou

Repairing a Chronometer Escapement, By Matt Henning

8

26 Part 5

A 1747 Samuel Gandy 30-Hour Longcase Movement, By Simon R. Drachman

COLUMNS Technically Watches, By Archie B. Perkins Part 43, The 16 Size Waltham and Ball Winding Indicator Mechanism

The Modern German Clock Movement, By Mark Butterworth Part 20, Correct Weights

DEPARTMENTS President's Message, By Robert D. Porter

Executive Director's Message, By James E. Lubic

Questions & Answers, David A. Christianson

Ask Huck, By J. M. Huckabee

Bulletin Board

From the Workshop, By Jack Kurdzionak

Affiliate Chapter Report, By John Kurdzionak

AWl Movement Bank/Material Search Network

AWl New Members

Classified Advertising

Advertisers' Index

AWl Employee Directory

SPECIAL INTEREST Seeking Candidates for the AWl Board of Directors

Horo/ogical Times Technical Index

Statement of Ownership, Management and Circulation

COVER

32

12

18

2

2

4

6

21

22

24

25

41

45

48

48

31

42

44

Horological Times celebrates its 251h Anniversary!

President's Message Robert D. Porter, CMW

December is a busy month for most of our members, we have last minute requests to have work finished for a special occasion or to rush order a particular gift, etc. It is an exciting time that we look forward to with mixed emotions. On the one hand we look forward to making a large percentage of our income during December; and on the other hand we are usually frazzled and tired from the long hours and hectic pace of doing business during this time of the year.

Your Board of Directors is busy working for the membership as well. Here are a few of the things being worked on: Your directors have approved a new Web Site Committee to set guidelines to maintain and protect the professional image and quality of the American Watchmakers-Clockmakers Institute on the Internet.

The Constitution and Bylaws Committee is working on changes to the Bylaws that will allow our senior members to vote. This is more complicated than it seems because any change to the Bylaws that impacts the financial status of AWl must also be approved by the Finance Committee, so it will take a little longer to approve the new Bylaws.

Members of the Certification Committee have been asked to make videos and/or to write articles that will help demonstrate the skills needed to pass the various A WI Certification exams. The Certification Committee is also working to update the written test material. The Education Committee will also be involved with structuring educational materials so they lead in a logical and progressive manner to certification.

We are awaiting the results of the membership vote to reduce the number of elected directors from fifteen to nine through attrition. The Strategic Planning Committee pointed out several years ago that A WI has more directors than General Motors.

The membership renewals are coming in at a very good pace. Thank you for supporting YOUR organization, the American Watchmakers-Clockmakers Institute, and for making it the largest and finest professional horological organization in the world!

Here's wishing all our members a healthy, happy, and prosperous Holiday season.

Executive Director's Message James E. Lubic, CMW

In last month's issue in an answer to a "Letter to the Editor" I promised that AWl would conduct an e-survey in an attempt to find out the facts regarding the spare parts issue. If memory serves me correctly the survey was e-mailed to the 2000 members that have provided AWl with their e-mail address on Monday, November 5, 2001. It is now Friday, November 16, 2001. We have received 240 responses (168 or 70% from watchmakers), which is 12%, not quite the number I would have thought this issue would have generated. Of course, about 45% of our members' interest is in clocks and 55% in watches. If we use the same numbers to

guess how many e-mails actually reached watchmakers we could again guess 1100 watchmaking members received the e-mail survey. This then translates into a response of 15.3%; still not overwhelming numbers, but probably good to average for this type of survey. I'm not going to repeat the complete 12-question survey here, but I will report on the key questions.

Have you been denied access to spare parts? 75% answered yes

Are you AWl certified? 21% answered yes

If you are AWl certified, has this made a difference in your ability to purchase parts? Of those that answered yes to the previous question, 38% said that they thought that it had made a positive difference.

Has the lack of parts accessibility for some brands affected your income? 50% said yes in an amount from 5% to 30% to "1 have no idea since 1 can't get the parts."

Do you feel that the parts issue affects the viability of our industry? 78% said yes

Have you written to any watch brands, congressmen, or Letters to the Editor regarding some watch brands' spare parts policy? 20% have written watch brands, 2% have written congressmen, 8% have written editors

Do you want AWl to intercede on your behalf even if it means legal action? 54% said yes

So where do we go from here? I am pursuing the written legal opinion that I also promised, so we need to wait and see what we learn from that. We still have one or two other options available to us, but I prefer not to comment on those until I have more information. I will try to have that information by next month's issue.

I still believe, as reported in this magazine several times in the past, that we are better off working with the watch companies than threatening legal action. We are not the parts police. We are an educational organization. But, on behalf of our members, I will continue to pursue this issue until we can put it to bed.

Have a great Holiday Season and Happy New Year.

2 Horological Times • December 2001

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Questions & Answers

Question I am submitting the enclosed pho

tographs of a recently acquired pocket watch, to which there is no tangible evidence as to its identity. Hopefully, you will be able to shed some light on the subject. Any information you can provide would be greatly appreciated.

The watch is KWKS from the back and is triple signed (dial, dust cover and movement), K. KARSCH, New York. The movement serial number, 26605, appears five times, front and back covers, outside and inside dust covers and the movement. The full inscription on the dust cover is in script and is "K. KARSCHE (an E added at the end) Newyorke (spelt as one word and also with an E at the end), straight line lever, full ruby jeweled, no. 26605." On the balance bridge are also the words, ":full jeweled."

Curiously, the movement looks nearly identical in configuration to the early Howard watches, right down to the shape of the balance bridge, especially Series IV

4

movements. Coincidentally though, it also resembles the early (circa 1870) Swiss International Watch Company movements.

F. A. Jones initially designed movements for the Howard Watch Company and later founded IWC. Close examination of the watch bespeaks its quality, so that the probability of it being a Swiss fake I would think is unlikely. Could it be a watch designed by Mr. Jones, incorporating the best parts of both worlds of E. Howard Watch Company and the International Watch Company? Your input and answer is solicited and would be gratefully received.

Answer

William P George Sacramento, CA

Your watch looks far more like the

Horological Times • December 2001

E. Howard & Co. Series III movement than it does the Series IV.

The Series III has the same bridge layout and design and uses the Mershon's patent center wheel rack regulator to adjust the balance wheel rate.

Your very excellent photos show several problems with this, however:

1. Your watch has a shield-shaped plate with a shroud around the center hand setting arbor. On the Howard Series III, this is part of the Mershon center wheel rack regulator with a regulator arm rotating on the shroud, linking and controlling the balance regulator. Unfortunately, yours has no regulator attached and never has had. The regulator on yours is a standard style attached to the balance bridge.

2. The very Swiss-style dial foot screw (located near the base of the balance bridge) is a dead giveaway. Howard didn't use these.

3. In the Howard Series III movement, the two concentric recesses on the barrel arbor bridge allow space for the two halves of the winding stop works. Yours allows space for the ratchet and click spring.

4. The spelling of Newyorke is another strong hint of foreign origin.

5. The engraving on the dust cover highlighting the technical merits of the movement ("straight-line lever," "full ruby jeweled") was another typical European characteristic of the time.

6. And ... I'm not aware of E. Howard & Co. putting anyone's name on their movements other than their own.

Although very nicely made, your watch is still a Swiss fake, imitating very well an E. Howard & Co. Series III movement, and sold by K. Karsch.

David A. Christianson, CMW, CMEW, Technical Editor

0

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6

Ask Huck

Bushing Tools and Bushing Types

Question What type of bushing material do you rec

ommend? What tools or methods do you think are best?

Answer In simple terms, a bushing is an inserted

bearing in a supporting framework. It may be of original design; or it may be added where an existing framework is worn beyond its original intent. In our trade, the bushing is added to offset wear in the original structure. The idea is simple, the result can function perfectly, and with good workmanship, it shows the skill of the installer. I have never attempted to obscure that a bushing has been installed.

The process is simple. Enlarge the pivot hole area, and insert a new bearing in the hole. A material of the type used in the original plate is "as good as new." Other material may be used. A bronze bushing as compared to one of brass may be called "better than new."

Many tool groups are available to do the job. Used with reasonable skill, it would be difficult to call the end result of one tool better than the other. That leaves the type of tool decision to the individual clockmaker.

I started out before commercial bushing tools were readily available. I lathe-turned bushings from commercial brazing rods. The results were excellent life expectancy. However, those bronze rods were a terror to drill and machine.

Around 1960, I obtained a German-made bushing tool outfit with all its glory of bushing sizes and accessories. I played "hunt and find" with all the pivot gauge holes, little packages of bushings and spilled bushings. I gave the whole setup away.

Then I went back to lathe-turned bushings in brass. I could machine a bushing to proper size in the same amount of time as hunting one in an assortment.

More time passed. I developed the swagefit method of installing lathe-turned brass bushings. After all, a brass bushing has the life expectancy of the original pivot hole. I'm not ashamed of "equal to new" jobs.

I've written many articles about swage-fit bushings, and demonstrated the speed that will rival

the best of other methods. Yet, I've never heard anyone say that they have adopted the method.

The bottom line is this. Buy and use whatever you like, that fits your pocketbook, and can yield a profit to your business.

Straightening Pivots

Question How do you straighten a pivot that was bent

from abuse, or some other reason? Are they likely to break?

Answer For a pivot in a fine clock movement that

has a hardened arbor, the answer is quite clear. If it did not break when it was bent, it is sure to break when you attempt to straighten it.

The soft arbors of old American clocks are a different story. A careful worker can usually succeed. Let's discuss some techniques that improve our success. The American clock pivot that is slightly bent can almost always be straightened by use of the proper tools.

A piece of brass rod a quarter-inch in diameter has its end drilled for a close fit to the pivot. Use the rod as a lever to gently straighten your pivot. If your pivot has never been straightened before, you may expect almost 100% success. If you suspect a previous job, anneal the pivot and arbor end. Again expect almost 100% success.

The hard arbor and pivot, one that cannot be readily cut with a fine pitch file, must be annealed. This means the pivot, and back into the arbor shoulder, and then you cannot always expect 100% success.

My position on straightening pivots is this. If you are not prepared for a repivoting job, you will soon get a liberal education in clockmaking.

Let's talk about repivoting. Every serious student of our trade needs to obtain a lathe, and learn to use it. Also, repivoting arbors is a skill you need to develop promptly.

I suggest you study the A WI book, The Top 300 Trade Secrets of a Master Clockmaker; where a repivoting job is demonstrated in a series of eleven close-up photographs along with an easy reading text. This relates to an American clock escape wheel, but can be modified for use with other clocks. 0


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Battery remover

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8

Perpetual Calendar 4F and SF Watch Battery Replacement ©2001 (All rights reserved by the author)

A (a). Battery installer

Program bar

Perpetual Calendar 4F and SF watches were introduced into the United States five years ago. As the battery life for the ladies watches is five years, the watches will soon be requiring battery replacement. I have written a simple step-by-step procedure with a picture demonstration that will be beneficial to the technicians to develop the technique of battery changing and calendar data inputs.

How to Replace 4F/8F New Battery

Preparation A. Tools (a) Battery installer

(b) Battery remover and program bar ( Coserve is offering these tools to A WI members, see page 11)

B. An exclusive new replacement battery (SF part # SB-T19 and 4F part # SB-TlS).

1. Remove the clasp pin to separate the band so that the caseback can be cleared from the band's obstruction.

2. Open the caseback and set it aside.

3. Place the watch on the table with the crown positioned at the left side. Note: For 4F series-Remove the movement antimagnetic ring.

4. Hold the battery remover at a 90° angle to the movement and place the tip of battery remover near the "AC" mark area and insert the tip of the remover in between the battery and circuit cover. Note: 4F series-Place the tip of battery remover on the "D" mark area.

S. Move the battery remover forward and/or backward once only. Release the battery remover then go to step Sa. Note: Do not pry the battery remover in an up and down direction.

Sa. Insert the remover tip from the "0" match area and move the remover forward to pop out the battery.

6. Remove the movement-holding ring and "red" insulator sheet out of the movement. (Discard the red insulator.) Note: If the battery has a sealed insulator, just remove the movement-holding ring.

7. Align the indentation notch on the battery installer to the stem and place it in the movement.


"0" match location

8. Align the arrow mark on the new battery to the stem position and insert one side of the battery into the installer compartment from the straight line dot marking position of the installer.

9. Press down the battery from the upward side by using an index finger.

10. Remove the battery installer.

11 . Install the casing ring to movement.

12. Reset the "IC" using the program bar to connect the AC mark "gold dot" to the side edge of battery ( +) and hold for 3 seconds.

13. Observe the second hand, it should start to move at one-second intervals.

14. This completes the new battery replacement. Proceed to program the calendar data.

Installer open notch

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9

(Y). Year

SF

(M). Month

(0). Match

3.

4a.

10

How to Reset (Input) 4F and SF Calendar Data

(Y). Year

4F

(M). Month ). Match

Illustrations above show each reset position.

Note: Skip step 1, if you followed from page 1 of new battery replacement.

1. Use the program bar to short the gold dot by the AC mark with the battery ( +) side edge and hold for three seconds.

2. Pull the crown to the second click position and push it back to normal position then pull the crown once again to put the crown on second click position.

3. Use the program bar to short the "0" mark gold dot to setthe date to "1" (each contact/short and release will advance one date/digit) .

4. Find the present leap year number, Example: 2001 the first leap year= (1), 2002 the second year after leap year= (2), 2003 the third year after leap year= (3), and 2004 the leap year = ( 4 ), then go to 4a.

4a. Short the gold dot by the "y" mark with the battery ( +) to set the date number to 1, 2, 3 or 4 according to the year after leap year as indicated in step "4" example.

5. Short the gold dot by the "M" mark with the battery ( +) to set the digit representing present month. Example: Jan.= I , Feb.= 2, Dec.= 12.

6. Short the gold dot by the "D" mark with battery ( +) to set the digit to one day behind the present date.

7. Push the crown into normal position.


8. Close the caseback.

9. Pull the crown to second click to set date and time to present then push the crown into normal position.

Confirm the Calendar Functions

Pull the crown out to the first click position then push the crown into normal position within one second.

1. Second hand moves 5 seconds each interval, 1 interval (5 seconds) indicates 1st leap year, 2 intervals ( 10 seconds) indicates 2nd leap year, 3 intervals ( 15 seconds) indicates 3'ct leap year, and 4 intervals (20 seconds) indicates 4 th leap year.

2. The date disk starts to move and stop on the number of month (1 to 12) for around five (5) seconds then the disk moves back to show the current date.

0

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Clip or copy this coupon and send to:

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Horological Times/December 2001 I L--------------------------~

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11

Archie B. Perkins, CMW, FAWI, FNAWCC, FBHI

12

Technically Watches Pocket Watches and Their Maintenance Part 43 The 16 Size Waltham and Ball Winding Indicator Mechanism (1908 Model)

©2001 (All rights reserved by the author)

One of the most unusual winding indicator mechanisms was used in the 1908 model Waltham and Ball movements. This indicator mechanism has two slippage points which allow this mechanism to function correctly. This makes the mechanism different from other mechanisms. This feature will be discussed later in the article.

Figure 1 shows the dial of the Waltham movement. The indicator dial is laid out for a 36 hour reading. This 36 hour scale takes up 150 degrees although the watch can be wound more than this, allowing the watch to run a total of 40 hours on one complete winding.

Figure 2 shows the Waltham movement. This movement is a 16 size 23 jewel Vanguard model.

Figure 1

The Webb C. Ball movement that was finished especially for Ball by Waltham is shown in Figure 3. The winding indicator in the Ball movement is the same as Waltham used in its watch except for the shape of the indicator bridge. The indicator bridge is longer on the Ball watch to cover the setting spring.

The Design of the Winding Indicator Mechanism

Figure 4 shows the friction wheel of the indicator mechanism with its teeth meshed into the main wheel teeth. This is the start of the run-down side of the indicator mechanism. The main wheel drives the friction wheel to drive the indicator mechanism during the running of the watch. This wheel is free to turn on the shoul-

..

der of the indicator arbor. Then, a tension spring keeps the wheel from turning on the arbor except when the watch is being wound. This friction is similar to the friction on a cannon pinion.

Figure 5 shows the indicator wheels under the dial. View A shows the indicator bridge wheel. This wheel carries the indicator hand which fits onto the end of the indicator bridge screw pivot. This wheel is a disc which has a segment of 24 teeth cut on its edge. This segment of teeth takes up about 150 degrees of the 360 degree disc.

View B, Figure 5 shows the star piece and its pinion. The star piece has 8 slots and is similar to a maltese cross


stop work. The pinion drives the indicator bridge wheel each time the star piece is indexed. The pinion has 8leaves.

View C, Figure 5 shows the indicator arbor wheel and the finger disc. The finger on the finger disc indexes the star piece and its pinion each revolution of the finger disc and indicator arbor wheel. The finger disc has a split arbor that frictions into the hole in the indicator arbor wheel and arbor. There is enough tension on the finger disc to tum the star piece and indicator bridge wheel, but the finger disc arbor can tum in the hole of the indicator arbor for safety when the pinion on the finger disc reaches the end of the segment of teeth on the indicator bridge wheel.

Figure 2

Figure 3

View D, Figure 5 shows the yoke lifter wheel. This wheel fits on a stud on the indicator yoke. The indicator yoke pivots around the indicator bearing located under the indicator arbor wheel. The yoke has a spring that holds tension against it to cause the yoke lifter wheel to engage the fine teeth of the mainspring barrel as shown in View D. When the watch is being wound, the wheel teeth engage the teeth of the mainspring barrel in order to drive the indicator train to drive the indicator hand toward the wound up position.

Figure 4

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December 2001 • Horological Times 13

Figure 5

Figure 7

A INDICATOR

BRIDGE

\

II W1cl811 I

~STAR PIECE AND PINION INDICATOR~-

BRIDGE SC INDICATOR BRIDGE /

INDICATOR c==z24L:r=='!II II II I:! 01 Ia! II ITI!IJIID- BRIDGE WHEEL

B ======-INDICATOR HAND

Underneath the yoke lifter wheel is the yoke lifter. The yoke lifter is a gear segment with four "V" shaped teeth that match the small "v" shaped teeth of the mainspring barreL The radius of the segment of teeth is slightly greater than the radius of the yoke lifter wheel. The yoke lifter has a hub that fits around a stud on the yoke. The yoke lifter wheel fits around the hub of the yoke lifter.

When the mainspring is being wound, the yoke lifter engages the teeth of the mainspring barrel to

Figure 6

DISC YOKE LIFTER

WHEEL

disengage the teeth of the yoke lifter wheel from the mainspring barrel teeth. This is shown at View A, Figure 6. This disengagement is necessary in order for the indicator train to turn when the watch is running. When the watch is running, the mainspring barrel does not turn as it does in going barrel watches; instead, the main wheel turns to drive the indicator mechanism while the barrel remains stilL This type of mainspring barrel is called a motor barrel.


The Construction of the Waltham Winding Indicator Mechanism and How It Works

Figure 7 is a drawing of the 1908 model Waltham winding indicator mechanism. View A shows an edge view of the indicator mechanism. Starting at the top ofthe drawing, the ratchet wheel is shown mounted on the barrel arbor. When this wheel is turned to wind the mainspring, the barrel arbor and steel mainspring barrel also tum. The steel mainspring barrel has 148 fine "V" shaped teeth around the bottom outside edge of the barrel. These fine teeth tum the yoke lifter wheel, the yoke lifter, the indicator arbor wheel, arbor, finger disc, star piece and its pinion, indicator bridge wheel and the indicator hand. When the mainspring is being wound, the gears that do not tum are the friction wheel and the main wheel. The main wheel prevents the friction wheel from turning when the mainspring is being wound. The friction wheel is held on the end of the Figure 8

~-FRICTION WASHER ~ SCREW

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indicator arbor by a friction spring and screw. This arrangement allows the arbor to tum inside the hole in the friction wheel when the watch is being wound.

View B, Figure 7 shows an exploded view of the construction of the last two wheels in the indicator train. Shown are the star piece and pinion, the indicator bridge and indicator bridge screw, the indicator bridge wheel and the indicator hand. The indicator bridge screw goes through the indicator bridge and screws into the indicator bridge wheel. This screw serves as an axle for the indicator bridge wheel. The indicator hand fits onto the long pivot on the end of the indicator bridge screw.

When the watch is running, the main wheel drives the friction wheel, indicator arbor, indicator arbor wheel, the finger disc, star piece and pinion, indicator bridge wheel, indicator hand, and the yoke lifter wheel. The yoke lifter wheel does not do any work but just idles on the yoke lifter bearing when the watch is running.

Figure 8 shows other exploded views of the Waltham winding indicator mechanism. View A shows the main section of the mechanism. Not shown are the star piece and pinion, the indicator bridge, the indicator bridge wheel, indicator hand, and ratchet wheel.

View B, Figure 8 is an exploded view of the parts on the upper end of the indicator arbor. The friction wheel fits freely on a shoulder on the end of the indicator arbor. A friction steel washer fits in a sink in the top of the wheel. The wheel is held on the end of the arbor by the friction washer and its screw. The washer is tensioned enough to tum the arbor and other gears in the indicator train. However, when the mainspring is being wound, the indicator arbor must be allowed to tum in the friction wheel until the mainspring is wound. Then, the friction wheel takes over so the indicator train can be turned by the main wheel when the watch is running.

View C, Figure 8 is an exploded view of the lower end of the indicator arbor. This view shows the indicator arbor and its wheel which is made on the arbor. Also shown is the finger disc and its arbor. The arbor of the finger disc fits into a hole in the center of the indicator arbor. The finger disc arbor is split so it can be spread to tension the arbor in the hole of the indicator arbor. The finger disc fits flat against the top of the indicator arbor wheel.

When the star piece pinion reaches the end of the teeth of the segment on the indicator bridge wheel, the post of the finger disc is allowed to tum in its hole in the indicator arbor.

View D, Figure 8 is an exploded view of the indicator bearing, bearing nut, indicator yoke and its different parts. The indicator bearing is made of hardened and tempered steel and it is the support for the indicator arbor and its parts as well as the indicator yoke and its parts. The yoke fits on a shoulder of the bearing. The bearing goes through a hole in the lower plate and is held in place with

the indicator bearing nut. The yoke has a stud on one side which the yoke lifter fits onto. The yoke lifter wheel fits onto the hub of the yoke lifter. The yoke lifter wheel is held onto the hub and stud by a cap washer and screw. On the other side of the yoke is a small pin for the yoke spring to rest on to tension the yoke.

Gearing and Operations Information The number ofteeth in each gear is shown in Fig

ures 7 and 8. The only gear not shown is the center pinion. This pinion has 12 teeth.

Since the main wheel that drives the center pinion has 78 teeth, then one tum of the main wheel would drive the watch for 6.5 hours.

Main wheel 78 -12

= 6.5 hours for 1 turn of the main wheel Center pinion

The mainspring can be wound for 6.25 turns. This allows the watch to run 40.625 hours on one complete winding.

6.5 X 6.25 = 40.625 hours of running

When the main wheel drives the friction wheel and the other gears in the indicator mechanism, one tum of the main wheel turns the friction wheel4.3333 turns.

Main wheel 78 4 3333 fth fri · h 1· 6 5 h F ·

0· h 1 18 = . turns o e coon w ee m . ours nc on w ee

Turns of the main wheel for 24 hours:

~~ h~urs = 3.6923 turns of the main wheel in 24 hours . ours

Turns of the friction wheel in 24 hours:

Total turns of main wheel

3.6923 X

Turns of friction wheel (6.5 hours)

4.3333 = 15.99 or 16 turns

The finger disc indexes each tum of the friction wheel; therefore, the mechanism would index 16 times in 24 hours.

The finger disc makes 1 revolution in 1.5 hours. When the friction wheel and finger disc are turned 1 revolution by the main wheel, the center pinion would be turned 1.5 times by the main wheel or 1.5 hours would have passed.

The finger of the finger disc indexes 24 times in 36 hours.

36 1.5 = 24 times.

"Winding Indicators" will continue. 0


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18

The Modern German Clock Movement Part 20 Correct Weights

Once again an article came to mind from my own experiences from the past month. On two separate occasions, I went out on a grandfather clock job and found that among things, the weights were wrong. In each case the clock was over 15 years old! We routinely assume if the clock is not a new one then the weights must be original and they must be the correct ones. This is probably true 90% of the time. It must be kept in mind however, like the medical doctor, that we are seeing patients who are sick, not healthy.

As a result, the rules that are correct most of the time simply may not apply. In this article we will examine why this assumption may be wrong whether the clock is brand new or 20 years old and what can be done about it. What are the possibilities?

I think to start there is a general rule about weights on a modem German movement that we can state that may be helpful. Among the three weights, if the pendulum is a wood stick then the time weight will be the same as the strike weight and if the pendulum is a lyre, then the time weight will be the same as the chime weight (which is the heaviest). This simply recognizes the fact that it takes more power to drive a heavy pendulum than a light one. As a result we can say that the chime weight will always be the heaviest, the strike the lightest, and the time will match the strike for a wood stick and the chime for a lyre pendulum. Always there are exceptions such as with a tubular chime clock, but this is a good start. Keep in mind that we are discussing modem German movements and not antique ones which have different weight requirements in which the time weight may in fact be the lightest of the three or two in the case of the two-weight unit.

What are the things that can be wrong

or go wrong? We must consider the fact that the weights are rarely marked as to either the amount of weight or to which train they go.

First, the weights may be correct as a set but simply put on the wrong place. That is the chime weight where the strike weight goes, etc. Quite often the repair person assumes that the time weight is the lightest out of symmetry which is never the case with a lyre pendulum. Since the weight shells are the same size for all the weights, sometimes the wrong fillers simply go into the shells from the factory, even if the shells are marked. Keep in mind that the fillers are never marked. Clocks can get moved over their lives for changing carpets, etc., and this does not include the times the family itself moves or if the clock is taken in for repair.

Second, the weights may be incorrect from the start at the factory. I am amazed at how often we are finding this, but there are several factors present. Since the weight shells are the same, it is easy to grab the incorrect weights and put them in a box. In addition, since the time weight depends on the pendulum and the same clock case can be sold with both a wood stick and lyre pendulum it is easy for the warehouse workers to choose the wrong set.

Third, most of these clocks are now sold through furniture stores and not clock shops. The customer may choose a given clock but wishes to upgrade the pendulum; the store employees may not know that the time weight needs to be changed when changing the pendulum.

Fourth, we were told by Ed Sullivan of Sullivan Metals which furnished the lead for the majority of these clocks over the years that some companies would deliberately underweight the lead values from the factory specifications in order to save shipping.


Fifth, at some point a previous repair person may have added weight to make the clock run instead of performing a proper repair.

Finally, the original weights may have been lost in a move (surprisingly common) or the original weights switched by accident on return from the repair shop.

When we receive a call from the repair shop that a new movement is not performing properly, one question we try to ask is the value of the weights. I would suggest having a fairly accurate scale (beam balance type, not a bathroom scale) to do the job. An excellent inexpensive source is a used baby scale often found at yard sales and is one of the best available.

The following charts show the correct weights for the Hermie, Kieninger, and Urgos movements. (See page 20.) It is important to keep in mind that the time weight will generally be the same as the strike for a wood stick pendulum and the same as the chime weight for a lyre pendulum.

In close, the next time you have a movement problem, especially on a setup job for a new clock, the problem may not be with the movement after all but elsewhere.

Final thought: "Any fool can criticize, condemn, and complain, and most fools do. "-Benjamin Franklin

0

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WEIGHT REQUIREMENTS FOR HERMLE MOVEMENTS

Movement Chain/Cable Time Train* Striking Train Chiming Train Number Special Features

WT/kg WT/Ibs WT/kg WT/Ibs WT/kg WT/Ibs

241 Chain 2.0 4.42 2.0 4.42 241 Cable 3.6 7.95 3.6 7.95 261 Chain 1.2 2.21 1.2 2.21 351 Cable 2.75 6.07 451 Chain 2.15 4.7 2.15 4.7 3.0 6.6 451 w/sec hand or 3.0 6.6 2.15 4.7 3.0 6.6

lyre ped. 461 Chain 2.6 5.7 2.6 5.7 3.5 7.7 461 Cable 3.5 7.7 3.5 7.7 4.5 9.9 471 Chain 3.5 7.7 3.5 7.7 4.5 9.9 471 Cable 3.5 7.7 3.5 7.7 4.5 9.9 781 Cable 3.6 7.95 791 Chain 2.0 4.42 1051 Cable 2.75 6.07 1151 Chain Lyre ped. 2.15 4.7 2.15 4.7 3.3 7.3

<165 mm 1151 Sec hand and/or 3.3 7.3 2.15 4.7 3.3 7.3

Lyre> 165 mm 1161 Chain 2.6 5.7 2.6 5.7 4.5 9.9 1161 Cable 3.5 7.7 3.5 7.7 4.5 9.9 1171 Chain 3.5 7.7 3.5 7.7 4.5 9.9 1171 Cable 3.5 7.7 3.5 7.7 4.5 9.9 1171 Cable Tubular 3.5 7.7 3.5 7.7 8.4 18.5 2071-850 Cable (Special Ex) 4.5 9.9 4.5 9.9 6.0 13.2

*For wood stick or light metal pendulum. For lyre pendulum the time weight is the same as the chime weight.

WEIGHT SPECIFICATIONS FOR GERMAN MOVEMENTS Urgos

Movement Chime Drive S(lbs) T(lbs) C(lbs) UW32 WEST CHAIN 4.5 4.5 6.6 UW32 TRIPLE CHAIN 4.5 4.5 7.5 UW32 TRIPLE CABLE 6.5 6.5 11 UW030 WEST CHAIN 7.75 7.75 8.5 UW030 TRIPLE CHAIN 7.75 7.75 9.5 UW030 WEST CABLE 7.75 7.75 8.5 UW030 TRIPLE CABLE 7.75 7.75 9.5 UW030 5-TUBE CHAIN 7.75 7.75 13.25 UW030 5-TUBE CABLE 7.75 7.75 13.25 UW030 9-TUBE CABLE 7.75 7.75 17.5 UW66 TRIPLE CABLE 4.5 4.5 6.6

Kieninger

Movement Chime Drive S(lbs) T(lbs) C(lbs) H WEST CHAIN 8.8 8.8 8.8 HK TRIPLE CHAIN 8.8 8.8 11.0 HTU 9-TUBE CABLE 8.8 11.0 14.5 KK WEST CHAIN 6.6 7.7 6.6 KKU TRIPLE CHAIN 6.6 7.7 7.7 KSU/RSU TRIPLE CABLE 6.6 8.8 8.8 PS BIM/BAM CABLE 8.4 8.8 PS GONG CABLE 6.9 8.8 RK WEST CHAIN 6.6 6.6 6.6 RU TRIPLE CHAIN 6.6 6.6 7.7 RWS CABLE 8.8

Note: In general on German units except tubular chime, the time weight is the same as the strike weight if a wood stick pendulum is used and the same as the chime weight of the Westminster unit if a lyre pendulum of 6.5 inches or more is used.

20 Horological Times . December 2001

BULLETIN

BOARD

RESPONSES

Bulova VC-10 Cleaning Machine We would like to thank Delton Brown, Little Rock, AR, and Ken Barfoot, Custer, SD, for sending the information requested by Jon Horton for the Bulova VC-10 Cleaning Machine.

ITEMS STILL NEEDED

Macintosh Software for a Watchmaker's Workshop Severo S. Saylon III, Verona, Italy, is seeking information on possible Macintosh computer software to assist him in running his watchmaker workshop (i.e. client files, watches, clocks, spare parts, etc.).

Truing & Poising Calipers Del Faulds, Yachats, OR, is seeking a source for a complete set of truing and poising calipers used on old Navy clock balance wheels.

Model 700 Accutron Meter Instruction Manual Mark Woodson, Hazelwood, MO, is searching for a copy of an instruction manual for a Model 700 Accutron Meter.

Dixie Milling Machine Instruction Manual Odel Frank, Sacred Heart, MN, is seeking an instruction manual for a Dixie Milling Machine, Swiss made. The machine is the same as used in the Bulova Watch Company.

Do you have information regarding this month's requests? Do you need information about one of this month's responses? If so, send your information or requests to:

Horological Times Bulletin Board 701 Enterprise Drive Harrison, OH 45030-1696 Toll-Free: 1-866-367-2924, ext. 305 Phone: (513) 367-9800 Fax: (513) 367-1414 E-mail: [email protected]

0

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American Count Wheel Mantel Clock Movements

Ansonia Sessions Gilbert

Ingraham New Haven

Waterbury Seth Thomas

Donations to the AWl-ELM Trust are tax deductible. Please send donations to: AWl-ELM Charitable Trust

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21

Jack Kurdzionak, CW

22

From the Workshop

You Are Invited Do you have a solution to a watch or

clock repair problem that you want to share with our membership? Do you have a question about a repair problem you would like to ask? I invite you to participate in this column with your suggestions, questions, and comments. It's easy. Just e-mail me at AWl <[email protected]> or write using the old standby known as the postal service. You can even fax me at 513-367-1414.

I will do my best to help you help the membership. By sharing your questions and suggestions all of our members can benefit from our combined knowledge and experience. The ideas, tools, techniques and products presented in this column are suggested by the author and contributing members and are not endorsed by any manufacturer, supplier, advertiser or A WI itself.

After reading the October column, Illinois' Larry Blanchard, CMW, sent a few more suggestions on the featured topics of opening a pocket watch case and aligning the second hand on a quartz watch.

First, the Watch Case Before applying "brute force" to open a

watch case Larry cautioned watchmakers to check for loose casing screws and dents in the case. Backed out casing screws can jam themselves against the case back preventing it from unscrewing. He suggests checking this by loosening the bezel, allowing the movement to move away from the case back before unscrewing the back. Any dent in the edge of the case body or the edge of the case back can also jam the case back threads. A watchmaker may not be able to close a severely dented case once he opens it. It is advisable to notify the watch's owner of this situation before any attempt to open a case that may not close.

Larry recommends three more ways to open a case back that is just too tight. A thin rubber sheet sold in grocery and hardware stores as a jar opener will also open a case back. Rubber vacuum watch case openers shown in the photo, designed to open screw back watch cases from 0 to 18 size, are still available from watch material dealers. They also supply wooden handle suction type watch case openers as shown in the photo. These work exceptionally well when the rubber suction cup end is lined with the double faced carpet tape mentioned in the October column.

Rubber case opener

Suction case opener


Next, the Sweep Second Hand Larry reminds us that the sweep second hand of a

quartz watch is part of a floating gear train. Unlike a mechanical watch with a direct drive sweep hand with a constant force on the train, the quartz watch train rests between pulses. The clearances between wheel and pinion teeth allow the sweep hand to float slightly while it is at rest. This float, more apparent at the tip of a long second hand than on a short one, prevents the second hand from rigidly aligning on a given dial marker. Watchmakers must also be aware that some dials, particularly those on low cost watches, are improperly calibrated and may not have the second marks spaced at exactly 6 degrees apart. The printed sweep second track may be askew and not be perfectly centered on the dial itself. In either case there is no way to have the sweep hand stop exactly on each dial marker.

Holiday Work You know that Christmas has almost arrived when

a customer says "I am bringing this antique watch to you early. I would like to have it repaired so I can give it as a Christmas gift. I'll pick it up on December 23'ct." This annual request is heard by every watchmaker many times before Christmas. Unfortunately it usually is made around December 15. Customers making such a request are disappointed when we politely tell them that our cut-off date for guaranteed holiday watch repairs that involve overhauls on antique and vintage timepieces was in early October. Any such repairs coming in after that date may or may not be ready for the Christmas holiday.

It is better to tell the truth and inform these customers that you cannot promise a repair for a specific holiday period. We must temper our desire to please our customers with a realistic time frame in which repairs can be completed. It is better to initially disappoint a customer coming to you with a holiday request than to cause bitter disappointment to that customer when a promise to complete a repair cannot be kept. Under ordinary circumstances it is difficult to accurately predict how long it will take to complete an overhaul on an older watch. We must always be aware that spare parts may be difficult to locate or may be on back order for weeks or months. Unanticipated problems with the repair itself may cause a watchmaker to spend much more than the estimated time to make the watch run satisfactorily. These two circumstances alone can delay a repair for weeks without any distractions caused by the rush of business done during the holiday season.

We suggest a compromise position for customers with older watches during the holiday season. They are invited to leave the watch for repair, anyway. It might be ready for the holiday. If not, it can be given as a gift a bit later for Valentine's Day, a birthday, Mother's Day, or Father's Day. If the customer accepts, everyone wins. The

December 2001

shop gets the work, without any holiday pressure, and the customer will have the watch ready to give as a gift without any anxiety caused by worrying if it will be ready on time for a specific date. Don't get too upset if your customer doesn't understand or accept your rationale for not accepting holiday work after a specific date. Some customers just cannot accept our limitations. One customer of mine comes to mind. This customer brought a vintage wristwatch in for a complete overhaul ten days before Father's Day with the request that it be ready for that holiday. Of course there was no way it could be done, but this customer had a fallback position. Could it be ready for July 4, instead? Again our answer was, it was not possible. OK, the customer asked, how about Christmas if the watch was brought in around Thanksgiving? I couldn't believe what I was hearing. I suggested that the watch be left now and it would be ready in five or six weeks for use at any future holiday. The customer said it was a good idea and he would think about it. The watch hasn't been brought back yet. I do believe I'll see it in December. Be realistic when you plan your holiday season. Don't promise more than you can deliver. Don't overwork yourself or your staff. Enjoy the holidays and your business. There will still be plenty of work after the holiday season is over.

Jack Kurdzionak 0

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Horological Times 23

John F. Kurdzionak

24

Affiliate Chapter Report Theme Chapters

Traditionally, AWl Affiliate Chapters have been geographically or location based, such as the Horological Society of New York or the Central Illinois Watchmakers Association, and their members are those watchmakers, clockmakers, and repairers who live and work in those regions. Membership in a chapter is based almost purely on one's geographical location.

Like the above examples, most of A WI' s chapters are geographically based. However, there is an extremely successful AWl Theme Chapter. This chapter, The Chronometer Club, is now the largest AWl Chapter, with 141 members at the time of this publication, from around the USA and abroad. Its "theme" is the proper repair of high-grade Swiss watches. Its members are bonded, not by residence or employment in a particular region which is the traditional way, but rather by an interest in or a career in the proper servicing of a certain type of high-grade watch. The Chronometer Club publishes and mails a quarterly newsletter, has a meeting and technical program every year at the A WI Annual Meeting, and conducts much of its communicating via an e-mail chat group on the Internet.

A WI has two additional theme chapters: The Chiming Clock Club and NAWCC/AWI Chapter 102.

Theme Chapters can bond those A WI members from all across the land who have similar repair interests, yet membership in a Theme Chapter would not be impractical or restricted because of one's location. Long distances, different places of residence, proximity to an

existing Chapter (or lack thereof) are irrelevant to members of a Theme Chapter. And in the eyes of A WI, a Theme Chapter is no different from a geographical chapter. The Theme Chapter may send a delegate to the A WI Annual Meeting, at which that delegate may listen, learn, participate, and have a VOTE at the Affiliate Chapter Meeting, just as the other delegates do.

I have mentioned in prior columns that shaping AWl's future and improving on its past is a process in which I believe the members and chapters must play a large role. Joining a chapter, either theme or geographical, or forming your own in your area of interest or local vicinity, will benefit not only you and those with similar interests to you, but will also benefit A WI because if a delegate from any Chapter is sent to the A WI Annual Meeting, that delegate's voice is heard and he or she has a role in influencing AWl's future .

I certainly do not believe that geographical chapters are obsolete, and encourage you to join that chapter which is closest to your area or to start your own, yet there is certainly no reason why there cannot be more Theme Chapters in different areas of interest, and I encourage the formation of such.

If you would like more information about existing chapters, The Chronometer Club, or if you're interested in forming your own A WI Affiliate Chapter, please contact A WI at 1-866-367-2924 or me [email protected] for more information.

0

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AWl Movement Bank/ Material Search Network

EDITOR'S NOTE: This column is designed to work in conjunction with the AWl Movement Bank. If you can supply any of the items listed here, please send details to the Material Search Network. Do not send the items to A WI. Members requesting these items will be advised of their availability, and will contact you directly.

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If you can supply any of these items please contact: A WI Material Search Network, American Watchmakers-Clockmakers Institute, 701 Enterprise Drive, Harrison, OH 45030-1696. Toll Free: 1-866-367-2924, ext. 305; Phone: (513) 367-9800, Fax: (513) 367-1414 or E-mail: [email protected].

The AWl-ELM Trust, in cooperation with the American Watchmakers-Clockmakers Institute, maintains a unique member service to assist professionals in replacing hard-to-find parts for vintage timepieces. When a member cannot locate a replacement part through normal sources, the Movement Bank/ Material Search Network (which consists of movements, timepieces and materials donated to the Trust) is often able to help. There is a fee of $10.00 for each search. The fee will be waived if a part or movement of equivalent value is donated to the Movement Bank.

The AWl Material Search Network first contacts several dozen material houses and outlets on behalf of the member to determine if the missing part is available from any commercial source in the United States or Canada. If no other source is available, the Movement Bank is searched for a usable spare part. If found, the fair market value of the part will be assessed and the part made available for sale to the member. If the part cannot be found in the Movement Bank, the search will be listed in the Horological Times.

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Repairing a Chronometer Escapement Part 5 Matt Henning, CW

©2001 (All rights reserved by the author)

Last month I covered the process that I used to rough out this spring detent. By using the vertical mill, most of the waste metal was quickly removed. In Figure 1 you will see the rough part, and in Figure 2, the end product after the support tabs and one of the blocks have been cut off with a jeweler's saw. We now have a part that has a known amount of metal on each surface. This metal will be removed during the finishing process using files and metal polishing slips.

To save us all a lot of confusion, I have provided a drawing in which all the surfaces have been given a letter (Figure 3). This helps to avoid sentences like: "With a safe-edged pillar file, reduce the left hand surface of the non-spring blade portion, being careful not to distort the shoulder ofthe trip spring screw block." See what I mean? Now, last month I worked in inches, because the mill is graduated in inches. This month I am switching back to metric, because my eyes are graduated in metric, and the metric system gives you more accuracy in fewer decimal places.

The general method for all of these surfaces is as follows. Measure the current thickness of the area, subtract .15 mm (.006") from that dimension and file the surface to the new thickness. If for any reason you choose

Figure 1

not to remove the full .15 mm, make a note of how much is left, for future reference. One reason for leaving some material might be for the final grinding and polishing. In some areas it will be necessary to remove more metal to get to the finished surface, since the rough shape has been simplified.

I won't be specifically discussing every surface. I think it is more useful to understand the general order of operations, and the reasons behind them. It is important to concentrate on filing squarely and creating flat surfaces. The micrometer is an important tool, but your eye is even more important. Inspect each surface individually to see that it is a flat plane, and at the same time, see that each surface is square in relation to its neighbors. Be very critical right from the start, because if one surface is wavy, its opposite will be wavy as well, doubling the error. Your eye is the final judge, and the detent should look crisp and clean.

The easiest place to start is on the top and bottom. For each of these surfaces: B, C, D, F, G, H, and shoulder FG, take a measurement and file to the new dimension. I usually stop .01 mm short of the final dimension to allow for finishing. Surfaces D and H (the trip finger) will need to have more removed from them in order to get the proper

...

Figure 2


A B c D

I I !o f n , / II II

E F G H

J K L M

llo 0 I) CD:

!' J' K' L' M'

N

Figure 3

Figure 4

dimension. The amount to remove from each can be established with simple math. This has all been completed in Figure 4. For these operations the detent can be held down against a piece of cork, or against a notched filing block, or held in a vise. Since the jewel tube is set to one side, a piece of steel or brass must be placed between the part and the jaw of the vise (in the JKL area). After the above surfaces are complete, faces A and E and shoulder AB can be finished. The basic order of operations is to first finish those areas that will become too delicate later; in other words, start at the pointy end and work backwards.

The jewel tube and faces L' and M are next, and a jewel tube shaping tool is essential (Figure 5). The shank diameter is equal to the jewel diameter (and the diameter of the hole), and the head diameter is equal to the O.D. of the jewel tube, as is the "nut." Both parts are dead hard. Notice that the nut isn 't threaded. Instead, I super glue the two into the jewel pipe (Figure 6) and give the part an ultrasonic acetone bath later, to dissolve the glue.

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Figure 5

Figure 6

This tool is important because it acts as a safety guide in case the hole is misplaced. This can happen if the drill bit wanders or if the hole placement is slightly off. If the hole is closer than .15 mm to the side that is being filed, the tool prevents you from filing right through the wall. Likewise, if the hole is greater than .15 mm from the side, by filing right down to the tube, you automatically create a tangent plane, which flows nicely into the tube. One thing to look out for is that if the hole is misplaced, and you file to the tube, you must still remove the correct dimension at the screw block (surface K). This can result in the blade portion becoming askew, but when the other side is filed parallel and to proper dimension, the whole thing can be bent back into shape. So, with all of that in mind, file M and L'.

With these surfaces complete and tangent to the jewel tube, file both L and M' paying more attention to bringing the thickness of these areas to the finished

Figure 7

USE A CURVED STROKE

CORK

WOOD BLOCK

Figure 8

dimension. At the same time, begin to round off the jewel tube right down to the tool. You will be left with two square shoulders on the tube directly above the blade portions (Figure 7). All you can do is file these down free hand, carefully blending into the other surfaces. It is helpful to position the tube near the edge of a block of wood for this operation (Figure 8).

File K and K' to dimension, and finish I and I' as well. Then file J and J' evenly on both sides, to approximately .25 mm thickness. The spring, J and J' will be the last thing to be finished, after the detent has been hardened and tempered. Leaving it slightly oversized reduces the danger of destroying the whole part in hardening or by careless handling. Before it is hardened, it is also a good idea to partially cut through the foot at the handle block, because a jeweler's saw won't cut hard steel. A file can be used for the final separation. This has been completed in Figure 9.


Figure 9

So, you're probably wondering how to hold onto this thing. For all of the work on the sides, a simple method works well. If you lay the part on its side on the bench, you'll see a gap between the blade and the bench. Fill that gap with thin pieces of cork and layers of masking tape. This support pad can be further customized by cutting recesses into the cork, or by building up steps with tape to act as stop edges. If the cork seems too soft, a piece of

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steel shim stock can be placed under the tape layer. The only critical point is to be sure that the height of the pad is equal to the height of the blade, because the blade should not be allowed to flex up or down at all during filing. This pad can be easily altered as the work progresses, and the only clamping required is provided by your free hand on the handle block. This also makes inspection easy - so no excuses!

At this point you should have everything but the spring area (J & J') completely filed and ground to a dull finish. I mentioned metal slips earlier. These are the best (and actually the cheapest) way to go for this kind of work. Removing file marks should be done with soft steel. Copper, brass, and bronze are good for polishing. Books always refer to "bell metal," as near as I can tell they mean bronze, since alloys can differ greatly. Happily, there is nothing fancy about these materials; 6" nails are the best material for steel slips, and brass rod can also be picked up during the same trip to the hardware store. Stones like Arkansas and India work, but the comers quickly get rounded off or chipped, they clog easily, and they will also cut sideways, which can ruin a shoulder.

The slips can be filed to any convenient shape. Figure 10 shows a couple of basic flat ones, and a larger rounded one for inside curves. They must be smoothly


Figure 10

finished in order to slide smoothly on the surface of the part. Also, the surface of the slip should have a fine crosshatch pattern, created with a fine file. If you use sandpaper you risk embedding course abrasives into the slip, which will scratch the part during polishing. The crosshatching helps to hold the abrasives that are applied to the slip. They are about 6" long and 14" in diameter, and by filing them to a long taper they can reach into tight places.

Abrasives! Ah, abrasives. I asked an old watchmaker once what he used for polishing compound. He wouldn't tell me. I asked another old watchmaker what he used for polishing compound and he said "On the fifth Tuesday of the month when the wind is to the Northeast, I put on this headdress and mix crushed diamond with a combination of stale butter and bacon grease. It works every time! Oh, and don't forget to chant." I wish he hadn't told me.

This is what caused me to develop my own secret formula, which I will divulge here exclusively in HT. Open the catalog, pick something out, and order it. I use Clover lapping paste. It comes in many grits, it's pre-mixed, and a can of each will last a lifetime; 600, 800, and 1200 grit will do most of the work. Use the finest grit that will remove the file scratches efficiently. For polishing I use either diamond paste or aluminum oxide (which is what diamantine is). Diamond paste can be purchased in syringes or mixed at the bench from dry powder. A high

Figure 11

particle concentration is desirable, so home brews can be better, but syringes protect from contamination, which is the biggest cause of scratches on the part. Actually, aluminum oxide seems to be harder to get in small quantities. It is used in lapidary or faceting work (among other things) and seems to be available in two grits: "A" which is .3 micron and "B" which is .05 micron. I have "C" which is 1.0 micron but I haven't been able to find a convenient source for it. Unfortunately, "C" is the best for general work, I don't think I would bother with anything finer than "A." In the end, diamond pastes are relatively cheap anyway. If the catalog gives a grit range for a given tube, always read it as the coarser grit. For example if it says 2-4 micron, it will only polish as well as 4 micron paste.

Now that most of the detent is shaped, the screw holes can be tapped. Then the locking jewel is installed temporarily. By the way, be very gentle and patient in removing the jewel pipe tool; it can be a little stubborn. With the jewel in place, install the detent. In Figure 11, you'll see the handle block hanging out the side. Once the jewel's position is adjusted properly, tighten the mounting screw and carefully drill the steady pin hole through its hole in the plate. Be careful not to mar the plate.

Next month I'll talk about hardening the detent and finishing the spring portion. As usual, the two most dangerous parts of the process come after most of the work is completed. 0

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rectors Committee; Alice Carpenter, Chairperson; AWl Headquarters; 701 Enterprise Drive;

Harrison, Ohio 45030-1696.

Each recommendation will be carefully considered by the committee. Candidates will be

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Recommendations must be received before December 31, 2001 to be considered for the

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A 1747 Samuel Gandy 30-Hour Longcase Movement

Dr. Simon R. Drachman

Dr. Simon Drachman is a Physicist by profession, with BA and Ph.D. degree 's from Queens' and St. John's College's, University of Cambridge, England, and Postdoctoral work at MIT, Boston, USA. He taught for 3 years at the Imperial College of Science, London, as a Professor. For the last 7 years he has worked as a Fund Manager and General Partner in the Venture Capital Industry, firstly in Europe and for the last 2 years in Israel. Dr. Drachman has attended many courses on clockmaking in both the UK and Europe and is a member of the Horological Institute, AHS, the NA WCC and various other professional institutes. He has published extensively, articles in Clocks magazine over a five-year period dealing with various horological subjects, including rare and unusual17'h and early 18'h century English 30-hour and 8-day longcases, early provincial makers, Quaker clocks, the restoration of early clock cases, and a description of the relationships and working practices amongst the early London dial engravers. Dr. Drachman, who currently resides in Netanya, Israel, has been involved in the restoration of clock movements and cases for I 5 years and is currently engaged in writing a major reference work on early London clockmakers.

Summary An interesting and early pro

vincial 30-hour longcase movement by Samuel Gandy of Cockermouth dating from 1747 is discussed in this article. It has the rare feature of being keywound, with ringed winding and subsidiary seconds holes, a nicely engraved dial center with the date of manufacture written on it, subsidiary seconds and calendar work (with fixed pointer and rotating disc). The four pillar plated movement also exhibits several interesting features which include split winding barrels, an interesting solid center wheel with large brass center pinion; the teeth on the striking great wheel have a square-like cross section profile; and unusual shaped block-like great wheel ratchets. The clock may have been made to celebrate the end of Samuel's apprenticeship in 1747 at the age of21.

A comparison of this clock with the few other known 30-hour keywind plated movement hooded and longcase clocks from the period 1670-1750 have been made. From this study it is clear that such movements were

32

nearly as expensive as 8-day clocks to make, the difference must have indeed been small. This no doubt may be a key factor as to why they are so rare. For hooded wall clocks, the cheaper birdcage frame clocks seemed to have been generally preferred in both London and the provinces. This is also shown in the higher survival rate of normal 30-hour clocks with either lantern style frames or even those with iron comer pillars for such movements. Many of the dial plates of the early keywound 30-hour clocks are beautifully engraved; this was an expensive option, much more so than for a dial with conventional matted center and comer spandrels. The question of why such clocks with 30-hour duration of plated form with key-winding via two independent barrels were made remains unanswered. However, what is clear from the available data is that the vast majority of such clocks were made in London prior to 1700 and a few isolated provincial makers in the period 1700-1750 also used this format for seemingly unknown reasons.


Introduction Provincial-made 30-hour

clocks of the 18th century were made in relatively large numbers by local craftsmen, many of whom were either blacksmiths, white-metal workers or held other professions. This was primarily because their customer base was small and the invention of the mechanical clock was slow to gain widespread acceptance outside the main population centers, especially for the country customers in the small towns and villages of Britain. The majority of such clocks made were built to a price for customers who were generally not well off and of limited means. Such people were not concerned with time to the latest minute, and were more than happy to have a clock, which told the time to the nearest quarter hour via an easily readable single handed dial. Many of these clocks were built originally without cases to hang on the wall (i.e. hook and spike, lanterns and simple timepiece alarm).

With the passing of some years, many of these simple countrymade 30-hour clocks were later housed

in simple and cheaply made cases of either pine, elm or oak, as either hooded wall clocks or simple longcase "style" clocks and often by country joiners with little idea of the city styles of the period [2-4]. Originally, many of these cases would have been painted when new and then repainted as their surroundings changed over the last few hundred years. However, given their humble surroundings the survival rate of complete clocks in their cases, be they hooded wall clocks or longcases, is very low. This is readily explained as a factor of the environment in which they were situated. The poor man's possessions had to work for their living, when worn out, they rarely had the opportunity for an expensive overhaul or the luxury of being retired into some relatively unused room of the house. Much has been written on 30-hour clocks recently in Clocks magazine and the reader is pointed to the recent articles by the author, Mr. Loomes, and others on this subject [2-6].

In contrast to the above situation, London-made 30-hour plated keywind movements were made within a few years of the famous advertisement of Ahasheurus Fromanteel in 1658. One of the earliest known clocks still surviving in its heavily restored original case, dates from the late 1660s and is a hooded wall clock by Jonathan Chambers [6]. The dial plate has corners engraved with fruit, vegetables and possibly vegetable-like motifs. The movement can only be described as generous in its brass and iron content. The plated movement construction has many unusual features, including four nicely latched pillars, which were originally also pinned to the back plate and the hour wheel on the back plate. The movement is key-wound and has a mostly original verge escapement. This system uses separately wound trains via two barrels, as had become the norm for the longcase clocks of 8-day or longer duration from the early 1660s.

For early clocks with duration of approximately a day, the Huygens continuous rope system seems to

Figure 1. The unrestored 12 inch dial of the 30-hour longcase movement, signed Samuel Gandy. This dial features lion and unicorn spandrels, a finely engraved dial center and chapter ring with elaborate half-hour markers.

provide the ideal solution. However, it is clear that as far as the early London 30-hour clocks are concerned, this system was not adopted, indeed they seem to have avoided its use. Why was this the case, one might ask? Darken and Hooper [6], suggest that any benefit the Huygens system might have had was negated by the presence of a second train, in this case the striking one, and any increase in duration effectively lost. Therefore to increase duration, the number of teeth on the wheels needed to be increased. This wasn't practically possible before the early 1670s with the introduction of wheel-cutting engines and clockmakers were limited to teeth counts of a maximum of 60 until then.


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Figure 2. A closer view of the 12 inch dial plate, signed Samuel Gandy, showing the date, 1747 just above the dial center and distinctive half-hour markers.

Table 1 - Going Train

Wheel Great

Center Third

Escape

Teeth Count 60

60

48

30

The period of production for London-made 30-hour key-wind plated clocks is ca. 1665 -1710. The majority of examples have large plates, fully latched, decorative dial plates and either verge or anchor escapement. These clearly were not a poor man's possessions!

The clock, which is the feature of this article, is an interesting 12 inch square dial30-hour key-wind longcase clock movement, of very high quality, a rare survivor indeed from the mid-18th century. The clock was made by

34

Pinion Leaves

30

8 6

Samuel Gandy, a member of the wellknown clockmaking Gandy family from Cockermouth, and can be accurately dated to the year 17 4 7 [12].

Discussion of the Clock Brass Dial-Plate and Fittings

The 12 inch square brass dial is illustrated in Figure 1. The dial plate is well made and has lots of individual and interesting features. The spandrels are of a quite rare pattern and are the first I have encountered of this type. They are not mentioned in Cescinsky


and Webster [11], but may be found recorded in Loomes [12]. The spandrels in the comers are described as Lion and Unicorn and are rarely seen for clocks from the period 17 40-1760. This is clearly an individual who had his own idea in terms of clock fitting!

The 10.5 inch chapter ring is nicely engraved. But who engraved it, was it James Gandy the father or Samuel? This is divided for large, wellengraved, and clear Roman hour numerals, while the half-hour markers are a little unusual, and the inner band is engraved for 1 minute divisions. The hour makers are very pretty and unusual in shape, however they are not up to the high standard frequently seen on James I dials. I would suggest that the young Samuel engraved the chapter ring, note the simple curves used to form the markers, which do not require such great skill or eye to do.

The dial center is shown in unrestored condition. The ringing around the winding arbors and the seconds is very quirky; it is well done and no doubt a drill with a shaped bit was used to obtain the desired effect. But it strikes me as a little late to still be using such decorative ringing patterns. Maybe he wanted to make this clock have the feel and look of an 8-day? Likewise the calendar box is decoratively ringed, although he seems to have tripped up with the size of the calendar wheel. It is surprising to see the teeth exposed. I would have expected him to have maybe cut the wheel slightly larger so that the teeth would remain hidden.

The dial center has extensive floral and leafy engraving also of a type done by someone who was possibly new to the art. It is still very attractive in this unrestored condition. The hands for the seconds and calendar rings look to be original. However, those for the hour and minute are later replacements, which will need to be replaced with more suitable pattern hands. The dial plate is of cartwheel construction as so many are from this part of England.

The maker, Samuel Gandy, has

Wheel Teeth Count Pin 64 Hoop 72 Warning 60 Fly Count 39

signed his name on the chapter ring on either side of the 6 o'clock position, but with no place of work. The Gandy family are well known and James Gandy has been extensively written about by Loomes [12]. It has been suggested that James Gandy arrived in Cockermouth about 1726 and married Priscilla Pow. He worked there until his death in 1779. He made a significant number of clocks, at least 20 accounted for by Loomes. He had a habit of dating his clocks on the brass dials and sometimes also adding the monograms of the original owners. However, these have proven to be rather hard to decipher, due to the nature of the ornate engraving style used.

Clocks from this family are known to be individual, different and at times downright quirky to say the least! Clocks recorded include the normal bread and butter 30-hour and 8-day, but also 3-day musical, clocks with annual calendar and sunrise/sunset features, 8-day musical with rolling moon.

James had two sons, Samuel born in 1726 and James Gandy II born in 1730. Both of these men are known to have been clockmakers. Prior to this article only one or possibly two clocks had been recorded by Samuel, who died in 1802 at the grand old age of 76. To date none have been recorded for James Gandy II. Interestingly, clocks signed James Gandy are rare, they normally appear to have been sold under the family banner, "Gandy". So unless the maker has told you which Gandy made it, they may best be considered family products.

The date of birth for Samuel

Table 2 - Striking Train

Pinion Leaves Pinion of Report Pins Hoop Gaps 8 8 6 6

8

Gandy has been recorded as 1726, if we assume that he was apprenticed to his father at the age of 14 in 17 40, his apprenticeship would have lasted normally 7 years. This means it would have been completed in the year 1747. If you take a close look at the dial just above the center, engraved either side are 17 ... .47 (see Figure 2). This suggests the possibility that we are looking at a clock made by the young Samuel, aged 21, justly proud to have finished his apprenticeship and wanting to make something a little special to celebrate the event!

Discussion of the Plated Movement

Detailed in Tables 1 and 2 are wheel counts for the four-wheel going train and the count wheel operated striking train. This is a two-handed mid-18th century clock showing seconds so it is not surprising to find a four-wheel going train between the plates of the movement. Hooper and Darken have

16 2

recorded a wide variety of train counts for 30-hour clocks. [See reference 6, pages 369-376.]

The movement: see Figures 3 and 4 for views of the plated construction. The four pillars are nicely turned brass with a central knop with a groove turned into the center and holds the front plate in place with pins. The movement is shown here in unrestored condition. Both trains were relatively untouched, with the steel work superficially rusty and filthy, hence its overall good but dirty condition. No doubt the comparatively low value of such clocks until very recently has left a large number of early 30-hour clock movements in a totally unrestored state.

The movement can clearly be seen to have winding barrels for going and striking. The going train has four wheels with a most unusual center wheel. The pinion is unusual in both size and composition. It is rather large with 30 teeth (see Table 1) and appears to be made of brass. The escape wheel

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has 30 teeth and is of standard form as are the pallets. On looking over the movement it may be noted that the majority of the collets, wheels, arbors and pinions, and the anchor are possi-

bly original. Nice features, which are just visible, include the use of wellturned brass wheel collets on the tapered arbors. This is indicative of good quality work. The going train is oftypi-

Figure 3. View of the striking train of the plated movement showing nicely turned pillars, original collets and arbors and hammer stop piece.

Figure 4. The movement disassembled with dial and front plate removed showing split barrels and unusual center wheel pinion.


cal four-wheel construction with a large, well-made escape wheel and some nice individual features. The escape wheel was of a relatively large size with well-cut teeth. The clock beats seconds and requires a standard pendulum length of 39.1 inches.

Turning our attention to the striking train (see Table 2), one can clearly see the split barrel construction, necessary if a count wheel system is used for striking. The striking is by an externally mounted count wheel placed on the back of the rear brass cruciform plate, as seen on 30-hour clocks over a long period. The count wheel striking and lifting piece detents and the hammer arbor are incorporated between the plates in the normal manner. The hammer spring is nicely formed and of L-shape form and works on the wellmade hammer arbor and head, which blend in well with the rest of the iron work. The bell stand is supported on the back plate in the normal manner. Other interesting features on the striking train include 16 pins on the pin wheel and two gaps in the hop wheel, clearly not common. Also noteworthy are the teeth on the striking great wheel, which have a square-like cross section profile. Finally, the great wheel ratchets have an unusual block-like shape.

The striking train used in this clock by Samuel Gandy with a pin wheel of 64, with 16 iron pins, and a pinion of report of 8, hoop pinion of 8 leaves, with two gaps in the hoop wheel and a count wheel of 39 was also used by a wide variety of late 1 7ttt century makers including Joseph Knibb, Thomas Johnson and Christopher Gould.

Comparison With Other Known 30-Hour Key-Wind Clocks

The calculation of the duration of a 30-hour clock is dependent upon the length of the rope or chain (height), the effective circumference of the winding pulleys, and the rate of rotation of those pulleys. Although there can be considerable variety in the height of a clock, in a case or even on a wall and in the dimensions of the pulleys, for

Table 3 - Duration of Trains in Key-Wind 30-Hour Plated Clocks

Maker Date Going Train Rate for Rate for Average (Wheels) going train striking train Rate

Anonymous** ca. 1750 3 6 6 6

Samuel Gandy** 1747 4 6 4.9 5.5

John Dumvile** 1750 4 6 ? ?

John Beech** 1710 ? ? ? ?

Peter Hatton** 1710 4 9.6 (rack) ?

John Norcott* 1700 3 ? ? ?

William Burgess 1700 3 6 6 6

Thomas Pare 1685 3 6 6 6

Thomas Johnson 1680 3 6 6 6

Unsigned 1680 3 6 6 6

Joseph Knibb 1675 3 ? ? ?

Thomas Tampion*** 1675 3 ? ? ?

Johannes Fromanteel ca. 1670 3 ? ? ?

Jonathan Chambers 1668 4 6 6.5 6.3

? - Denotes parameters are currently unknown * - Note the clock by John Norcott has a quoted duration of 2 days. **-All four clocks made after 1700 are provincial pieces, made by makers who were not London trained.

practical purposes the clockmaker had to achieve the speed of rotation of the winding pulleys (or in this case barrels) to achieve a duration of 30 hours.

Table 3 shows the number of rotations of the winding barrels to run each train for 12 hours. For a center wheel train (going side), it is the number of teeth in the center pinion divided by the teeth in the great wheel multiplied by 12. While for the striking train, it is the number of teeth in the count wheel divided by the pinion of report. This table is not complete, since although several clocks are well known such as the Tompion key-wind 30-hour, its current location since it last came up at auction in the early 1980s is unknown.

What are the apparent trends from the limited data in Table 3?

Change from verge to anchor The verge escapement was no doubt more common before 1675. The anchor was an easier escapement to

make and of course was a better timekeeper and more often used after this date.

The average rate for the two trains This is found to decrease from 6.3 in the earliest clocks of Chambers (slow rate of rotation) and to settle at 6 for the 1680s and 1690s and by the time we have arrived at mid-l81

h century with well-made wheel engines the rate is reduced to 5.5.

Wheels in going train standardized With rare exceptions the going train is normally found to have only 3 wheels. When a center wheel (i.e. 4-wheel train) is used, generally the clock has two hands and possibly also seconds indication.

Dial size This is found to be commensurate with the period, so it is quite likely that these were indeed also made for longcase cases and in rare instances hooded wall clocks.


Original Dial Size Reference Escapement inches

Anchor Unknown 19

Anchor 12 This article

Anchor 12 [7]

Anchor 10 [14]

Anchor 10 [6]

Anchor 10 [18]

Verge 10 Author's Collection

Verge 9.5 Author's Collection

Anchor 10 [6]

Anchor 10 [6]

Verge ? [15]

Verge 10 [10], [11]

Verge 8.5 [11]

Verge 9.75 [6]

Influence of geographical location on place of manufacture Of the 13 key-wind 30-hour movements included in this study, nine of them were made by London-based makers.

Influence of date of manufacture on location of clocks It was found that post 1700, four clocks were made by provincial makers in places such as:

John Beech ofNewcastle-under-Lyme Peter Hatton of Stafford Samuel Gandy of Cockermouth John Dumvile of Alderley (Cheshire)

This data indicates that Beech and Hatton were both working the same county, Staffordshire. However, there appears to be no connection with the other two makers. Although, James the father of Samuel had made odd duration clocks previously, such as a 3-day musical clock [12].

The 30-hour clock with a plated frame and key winding was no

37

doubt in its day the most expensive and possibly rarest option in the 30-hour genre, save of course for the musical 30-hour clocks. [See excellent reviews, 16-17.] Examples of these clocks are known for a range of makers, but most are found for the period 1670-1710, see Table 3. Indeed an example by Thomas Tompion (ca. 1680) is known andrecorded in Robinson's excellent book [10]. That example was originally constructed with a verge escapement, later converted to anchor. An example by Johnannes Fromanteel, with a small8.5 inch square dial from ca. 1670-75 is illustrated in Cescinsky and Webster also with verge [11].

There is a clear relationship before say 1671, with plated 30-hour and longer duration movements. Up until the end of the 1660s wheel cutting was done by hand; the first engines did not appear until the early 1670s. Therefore wheels with greater than 60 teeth are exceptionally unusual in this period. This lack of suitable technology required early 8-day longcase movements to have five wheels. With the introduction of Huygen's continuous rope driven system for 30-hour birdcage or lantern clocks and in rare instances also 8-day clocks, there was an increased demand for wheels with a higher tooth count than 60. This would allow for an increase from the 12 hours of lantern clocks of even the 1660s to go for 30 hours between windings. However, any benefit the Huygens system might have had was negated by the presence ofthe second train (striking), and therefore any increase in duration is lost. Therefore to increase duration of the clock, the number of teeth on the wheels would have needed to be increased significantly, which wasn't possible since the technology wasn't available. However, there are instances of early clocks with high train counts, such as a rare Fromanteel year duration longcase with hand cut and filed wheels with up to 124 teeth [10].

What was the purpose and why were these movements made?

38

Possible portable timekeepers It is difficult to find a satisfac

tory reason for the making of this group of 30-hour key-wind clocks, with either verge or anchor escapement. Clearly conservatism does not provide a satisfactory answer, since the majority of clocks are by makers well experienced in both the construction of anchor escapement (pre-1700 clocks) or more complicated pieces. Robinson [10] put forward the idea that such clocks were perhaps intended to be portable, in which case the absence of a long pendulum with its delicate suspension would be a great help. It is perhaps significant that the majority of the cases which have survived are cheap ones of pine, which could easily have been made locally and when required or finances allowed.

However, from this simple study, it is evident that a significant number of the 12 clocks discussed here, have original long-pendulum, 50% to suggest that this hypothesis of Robinson may not in fact be the case. These should of course be differentiated from the square-dialed, vergedriven lantern clocks, which were a passing London fashion of the 1690s and early 1700s. These were no doubt originally intended as wall clocks with timepiece alarm movements. The posted frame movement was considerably cheaper to make, not only from the saving on the cost of winding barrels, but also maintaining power if Huygens' endless cord winding was used. However, such clocks have been well described of late in the horologicalliterature by several authors [2-6].

Ease of maintenance of verge-driven clocks over anchor

A second possibility, was also raised by the same author, quoting from Smith [13]: "The manner of Rightly fixing, or Setting up Pendulums to go well. The Difficulty of setting up pendulum Clocks rightly in such places where the help of the Clockmaker cannot be had, is the Reason that many Gentlemen who live


far off from London, are as yet unfurnished with them; and it also too often happens, that Clocks who at first have been set up well as to matter of going, have by accident been misplac 'd or jumbl 'd awry, and so are made to stand still and become useless merely for want of Skill in the Owner to put them to rights; .... "

"Could it be that some customers remote from London and other clockmaking centers preferred a simple clock which did not require accurate setting up?" (And then the local clockmaker would have had a fair chance to repair, set it to rights or even the owner himself?). This is an interesting hypothesis, but I also think unlikely as the main reason these rare clocks were made in the first place.

Difference in weights for driving a 30-hour versus an 8-day

Hartley, in his review of a Tompion 30-hour key-wind clock [16], had an alternative idea. He raises the valid point: Why make 30-hour plated movements at all, since the only saving over a conventional 8-day is the lack of a wheel (possibly center) for the going train and also a separate pin wheel for the striking train? The difference in cost cannot have been a great deal, especially when you can have a duration of eight days over one day!

Hartley suggested that a possible explanation might be the driving weights required. For a 30-hour these would be 6-7 pounds per train, while an 8-day clock generally requires 11-14 pounds per train. He therefore surmised that this margin of difference in suspended weight of between 10-14 pounds would be a great weight saving if such a clock were to be used as a hooded wall clock. However, this argument also seems weak, since 8-day hooded wall clocks are known, albeit also uncommon. Moreover, if the movement is attached securely inside the case and attached to the wall via a suitably well-located hook, the extra weight would be negligible.

So why then make 30-hour plated, keywind clocks, be they for either longcase or simple hooded clock cases? Given the following circumstances: 1. The movements were nearly as ex

pensive as 8-day clocks to make; the difference must have indeed been small. This no doubt may be a key factor as to why they are so rare today and may also have been uncommon 250-300 years ago.

2. The verge escapement seems to have been used on these keywound clocks until ca. 1700 and was clearly more expensive to make. Maybe in instances when a more deluxe version of a hooded wall clock was required rather than a longcase these found application?

3. The difference in driving weights, while of the order of 10-14 pounds, is not enough of a factor to have made the key-wound 30-hour clock more popular than the 8-day clocks or for their possible use in hooded wall clocks.

4. The possible application of these key-wound 30-hour clocks as portable clocks in small wooden cases, to be used by the gentlemen on his travels seems unlikely. The more humble lantern and its later arched dial variety served this purpose admirably and many surviving examples attest to this usage.

5. For hooded wall clocks, the cheaper birdcage frame clocks seemed to have been generally preferred in both London and the provinces. This is also shown in the higher survival rate with either lantern style frame or even those with iron pillars for such movements.

6. These key-wound 30-hour clocks would have to be wound every day, which is a little inconvenient to say the least, or maybe in the time period this might have been an attraction? Additionally, not having a

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39

chain to pull to wind up the movement, the hood would have to be raised or a door opened.

7. Many of the dial plates of the key-wound 30-hour clocks are engraved, with very high quality engraving, be they all over the dial or just the dial centers. This was a very expensive option, much more so than for a dial with conventional matted center and corner spandrels.

It seems that a complete answer to this vexing question is still no closer even after examining the data on 13 key-wound 30-hour clocks spread over the period 1670-1750. I invite readers of Horological Times to contribute their opinions or possible prior knowledge on this topic and just why these eccentric clocks were made.

Conclusions The 30-hour key-wind clock

recorded here for Samuel Gandy was clearly not a clock made to a price, and was no doubt made as his first masterpiece to celebrate the end of his apprenticeship in 1747. In true Gandy family tradition he has certainly made something different and even 250 years later it is definitely something of which to be proud. He has clearly demonstrated a highly individual flair of his own. This clock is in many ways typical of provincial clockmaking, with lots of interesting and unique features and is clearly part of the fun of discovering the unusual in 18th century horology.

The question of why such clocks, with 30-hour duration of plated

form with key-winding via two independent barrels, were made remains unanswered. However, what is clear from the available data is that the vast majority of such clocks were made in London prior to 1700 and a few isolated provincial makers in the period 1700-1750 also used this format for seemingly unknown reasons.

References 1. Contact: Simon Drachman Tel/ Fax: Israel 00972 26785 865; Mobile: 00972 55 905 811, or e-mail [[email protected]]

2. Simon Drachman, "William Donning ofPetworth," Clocks, 2001, May, 16-18.

3. Brian Loomes, "Hook and Spike Clocks," Clocks, 2001, May, 9-12.

4. Brian Loomes, "From Lantern Clock to Hook-and-Spike," Clocks, 2001, March, 26-31.

5. Bob Arnold, "Bishop's Banana Box", Clocks, 2001, March, 32-36.

6. Jeff Darken and John Hooper, English 30-Hour Clocks, Origin and Development, 1600-1800, Penita Books, Surrey, 1997.

7. E. Edwards, The Grandfather Clock, Published by John Sherrat and Sons, Altrincham, 4th Edition, 1980.

8. Brian Loomes, Grandfather Clocks and their Cases, Bracken Books, 1989, London.

9. George White, English Lantern Clocks, Antique Collectors Club, 1989.

10. T. Robinson, The Longcase Clock, Antique Collectors Club, 1991.

11. H. Cescinsky and P. Webster, English Domestic Clocks, Published by Chancery House, 1976, 106-107.

12. Brian Loomes, Brass Dial Clocks, Antique Collectors Club, 1998.

13. Smith, Horological Discourse, page 49.

14. A. A. Treherne, British Clocks, 1700-1900, A Review, AHS, 1978, 11/2, 188.

15. Percy Dawson, C. B. Drover, and Daniel Parks, Early English Clocks, Antique Collectors Club, 1982, 120-122.

16. J. Hartley, The 30-Hour Key-Wind Longcase Clock, AHS, 1978, Vol.11/1, 30-38.

17. A. A. Treherne, British Clocks, A Review, AHS, 1978, 1112, 170-190.

18. S. G. Gant- Horological Journal, 1961, October, 622, reference to a 60-hour key-wind clock by John Norcott of London.

19. D. Haynes, Clocks, 2001, Vol. 13 (10), 9-11.

0

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41

Horological Times Technical Index Volume 25, Year 2001

HOW TO READ THE INDEX: The first number refers to the issue and the second number indicates the page.

For example, the entry 3-28 refers to a subject which can be found in the March (3) issue on page 28.

A

American clock movement framework 3-28 restoration problems 1-42

amplitude, determining 3-16 anneal, arbor 4-6 arbor

anneal 4-6 drilling 4-6

autonight shutoff function 10-24 AWl

Affiliate Chapters Horological Association of

Maryland convention 3-32 Minnesota Watch and Clock

makers convention 5-42 newsletter contest 2-36 New York Watchmakers &

Clockmakers convention 3-34 WAO convention 6-42 Wisconsin Horological Society

convention 8-40 annual meetings 2001 9-26 Board of Directors vote to

eliminate recertification 9-51 candidates, A WI Board of Directors 2001 4-20 certifications, 2000 8-11 committee structure, 2001-2002 11-40 Code of Ethics 8-43 Matz, Benjamin honored as Fellow

9-24 museum donation 10-40 Strategic Plan 2001 9-33 voting results 2001 7-27

AWl-ELM Charitable Trust letter to members 5-17

B

balance staff repivoting 5-18 balance wheel replacement 9-10 ball bearing ladder clock

construction 10-12 barrel arbor hole damage 1-20 barrel cover tightening 4-33 barrel teeth damage 1-20

42

battery life 9-46 replacement techniques 7-34 replacement tools 7-35 Seiko Perpetual Calendar 4F & 8F 12-8

Bestfit 300 Material System 5-40 Book Review

The History and Development of the Quartz Watch by Benjamin Matz 7-47

Buyers Guide to Pre-owned Rolex Watches by Gary Zumbaugh 10-36

boxwood filing block 7-16 Bulova bezel 1-45, 2-47 bushings 8-20 bushing tools 12-6 Buyers Guide to Pre-owned Rolex Watches by

Gary Zumbaugh, book review 10-36

c Caledonian registered clock 1-4 cannon pinion, replacement 9-14 carbide gravers 9-36

sharpening w/diamond laps 6-6 carbide spade drill 5-14 case opener 10-32, 12-22 Charpier, Swiss-made ebauche 10-4 Chelsea Clock Company profile 1-8 chronograph pushers 6-38 chronometer escapement repair

8-22, 9-18, 10-18, 11-28, 12-26 collet 9-21 lap 9-18 leaves, polishing 9-18

clasp repair 2-34 cleaning

English fusee lever watch 5-26 solution, water based 5-26 watch parts 5-30

clock autonight shutoff function 10-24 ball bearing ladder, construction 10-12 bushings, bronze 9- 6 Caledonian registered clock 1-4 car 5-50 Chelsea Clock Company profile 1-8


cuckoo, wall hanging double fusee 11-22

developments 6-14 Gandy 30-hour longcase movement 12-32 Harrison, John 7-24 Herschede 6-28 Ingraham kitchen 4-4 keys 9-47 Korean movements 4-42 Modern German 2-26, 3-10

au tonight shutoff function 10-24 Hermie chiming quartz 4-36 moon dials 9-8 movement identification 1-16 pivots and bushings 8-20 weights

correct 12-18 falling 5-34, 7-48

moon dials 9-8 Patti VP, restoration 7-40 pivots and bushings 8-20, 9-6

broken 9-42, 11-34 restoration problems 1-42 staking tools 7-20 Urgos

clock movements 2-30 cross reference list 2-29 technical data 2-28

wall, hanging 11-14 wheels and pinions, 8-19 weights, falling 5-34, 7-48

collet cracks 2-32 styles 7-6

Concord watch 11-32 crystal

making 6-24 plastic and alternatives 6-25 sapphire 6-26

sizing 3-36 scratches, preventing 5-41

cuckoo clock, wall hanging double fusee 11-22

cutter, high speed steel 8-24 Cyclonic, Witschi 2-39

D

dial legs, bent 2-34 dial, replacement 9-16 dial train, replacement 9- l3 dial washer

replacement 9-14 stacked 2-33

diamond laps 6- 6 sharpening gravers 6-6

drill press, used to pivot 8-19

E

earthquake anecdotes 4-25 education campaign, watchmaker 1-52 Embee clock, front plate assembly l-46 English fusee lever watch

assembly 6-18,7-12 assembly completion 9-10 setting up power 8-28

equipment review Witschi New Tech Handy 8-12

ETA movement codes 8-38 ETA technical training 2-43

F

files 10-18 filing block, boxwood 7-16 filing device 7-14 fusee 8-28

G

chain hooks l-23 chain links, making l-22 clicks, making & maintaining 3-20 ratchet wheels, making 2-12 retaining collar, repinning 6-19 watch barrels, maintenance 4-28

Gandy 30-hour longcase movement 12-32 German weights 12-20 gravers, carbide 9-36 Grenad watch balance wheel 1-45

H

hairspring collet, cracks 2-32 Harrison, John clock 7-24 Hermie chiming quartz 4-36 Hermie movements 2-27 Hermie weights 12-20 Herschede two-weight, five-tube

movement 6-28 History and Development of the Quartz

Watch, The, by Benjamin Matz, book review 7-47

hour wheel, replacement 9-14 Howard pocket watch case 2-47

I

Ingraham kitchen clock 4-4

J jewel bearing 5-l 0 jewel, making 5-8

K

Kieninger manufacturing codes 3-12 movements 3-11

Kinetic, service guide 11-8

L

Lang, A. & Padoux watch 8-4 lathe

attachment, Levin WW 8-18 bench 5-6 carbide gravers 9-36 collet, number system 3-6 drive belt 5-6 exercises 11-6 Sherline, in the clock shop 4-10 tool slides 8-6 types 7- 6 watchmaker's, countershaft 1-6 watchmaker's, refinishing 10-6

Levin WW lathe, attachment 8-18

M

mainspring barrel, assembly 6-20 mainspring hooks 3-26 maintaining clicks, making 3-20 Matz, Benjamin, author, The History and

Development of the Quartz Watch, book review 7-47

measurements, metric and English 3-6 micro-stella wrench 2-38 Mido Multifort water tester 1-45 minute wheel, replacement 9-14 moon dials 9-8 movement identification, clock 1-16

N

Nelson watch 8-4 New Tech Handy, Witschi 8-12

p

Patek Philippe pocket watch 2-10 Patti VP clock restoration 7-40

December 2001 Horological Times

pilot cutters 6-34 pivot 8-20

broken 9-42, 11-34 clearance 3-29 straightening 12-6

polishing, chronometer leaves 9-18 power supply faults 1-20 Prentiss calendar clock 1-45 punch and die set, making 1-26

Q

Quartz Watch Analyzer, 22 Function 1-32 quartz watch screws 2-39

R

repivoting 4-22,5-14,6-8,7-8, 8-18 balance staff 5-18

Ridgeway Grandfather Clock old keys 9-47

rivets 5-36 Rockford winding indicator

mechanism 11-16 Roskell, Robert watch 7-4

s screws, quartz watch 2-39 Seiko l!A watch movement 11-32 Seiko Kinetic watch service guide

11-8 sharpening, gravers 6-6 shellac 6-3 8 Sher!ine lathe, in the clock shop 4-10 spring detent, fabrication 11-28 staking tools 5-36, 7-20 steel gravers, sharpening 6-6

T

taper pins, making 7-16 Texas Institute of Jewelry

Technology graduates 2-40 tools

battery replacement 7-35 bushing 12-6 case opener 10-32, 12-22 pilot cutters 6-34 staking 5-36, 7-20

tubular chime, Herschede 6-28

u Urgos

clock movements 2-30 cross reference list 2-29 technical data 2-28

43

w watch

analysis of the ticks 3-14 Auguste Favre 11-4 battery life 9-46 case opener 10-32, 12-22

Horotec 2-38 Charpier, Swiss-made ebauche 10-4 Concord 11-32 crystal, making 6-24 electrical insulator 1-20 English fusee lever

assembly 6-18, 7-12 assembly completion 9-10 cleaning 5-26 mainspring 8-30 setting up power 8-28

high-grade Swiss stem wind 2-4 Hampden 3-4 Howard pocket 2-47 jewels, making 5- 8 Kinetic, service guide ll-8 Lang, A. & Padoux 8-4 Monard, Jules 5-4 Nelson 8-4 parts, cleaning 5-30

Patek Philippe pocket 2-10 platinum diamond 9-4 Rockford winding indicator

mechanism 11-16 Roskell, Robert 7-4 Seiko 11A movement 11-32 Seiko Kinetic watch service guide 11-8 Seiko Perpetual Calendar 4F & SF

battery replacement 12-8 sweep second hand 12-23 Waltham & Ball winding indicator

mechanism 12-12 winding indicators 10-26

watch jewel history 5-8 watchmaker education campaign 1-52 watchmakers, growing need 4-18 watchmaker 's lathe

carbide spade drill 5-14 watchmaker's turns 6-12 waterproof testing equipment, 8-36

using and understanding 8-34 water tester, Mido Multifort 1-45 weights

correct 12-18 falling 5-34, 7-48 German 12-20 Hermie 12-20

winding indicator mechanism 12-12 winding indicators 10-26 Witschi

Cyclonic 2-39 New Tech Handy 8-12

wrench, micro-stella 2-38

z Zumbaugh, Gary, author, Buyers Guide to

Pre-owned Rolex Watches , book review 10-36

iiii=!fl UNrrEDST.4TES f!!!!iiiiM POST.4LSERVICE~ Statement of Ownership, Management, and Circulation 11~T&

Hornloalcol Times 14 ka.Aiator~~ !Dtb

October 2001

44

l . ~'nlot .................. Horoloolcal nmu ! 1 ~ 15 1· 1 915 14 16

4"1iiia- 1-NIIlfW)•t.f-u-~tr..~ Amlllllf

Monthly 12

1.~.,...,.~ti~Oibd~fNI!I~~d)I:~--6JI~

701 Enterprise Drive, Harrlson1 OH 45030-1696

Same as Item 7

9. Fo.AI Names 1nd Complete Malllng AddrusN of Publisher; Editor, end Managing Editor (Do notl• •ve bJllllk) PubWiP!tr (N.IrM .nd~t. nwJIJng tJridrPu)

(Requlrod by S9 usc 3(;85) ,__ __

October 29. 2001 ... ~~ ....

$70.00

~~Baas ~67-~800

American Watchmakars-Ciockmakers Institute, 701 Enterprise Drive, Harrison, OH 45030-1696

(6Wpiuefi'Jd~~~

Donna K. Baas, 701 Enterprise Drive, Harrison, OH 45030-1696

ManaljiMO EdilCr (NMTWMd~lliiiiA'Ig~)

Donna K. Baas, 701 Entarprts& Drive, Harrison, OH 45030-1696

American Watchmakers-Ciockmakers Jn'5tJtut 701 Enterprise Drive, Harrison, OH 45030-1696

Horological Times

5125 5500

c. Tolal Paid and/or ~Hied ClrcWI!Ibn (SIITiol15b(1)1Jrld15b(2))

I. Tollll Free Dll:rlbullon (Sun of 15d and/~)

ln4tr\JCUOTI$ to PubJIGIJoro

4954

4954

150

150

5104

21

5125

97%

4462

4462

150

150

461 2

868

5500

97%

-October 29, 2001

1- Complete and rh one copy ollhls IOI'm wilrl your polft'na6(er annually on or before October 1 Keep • ccpy ollhe C<Jm~ed form lor ---2. lncoseswherelhe slockhold&rorsecurltyholderllatruAM,II'Itbti-.IMmi iOcnd ll "*"!'V''oollwpe1$000rCOfPOI'8Uonfor wttomthetrustaels~AlsolndudllheOIIITIM'a'11fll»...._ ol~~•ta dl:ldii'Cide fi Who~orhold1pefeeni:Ot moreolthetotalarncull:olboodl,~orolher MCUrllinC!Ih~~lniUm11.~none,eheckhboX.Use bCank sheel.1 II mol'& space Is J8qUired.

3 Bo ueto h.mlsh al ciJaJiatlon lf1lofTMlloocall8d lof In Item 15 Fteeckcdallon /fiUC.tbe shown in items 15d, e, and t 4 lllhe ~fled~lass IIIJ1horizalloo u • general or request&~ ptbllcatJon. ~ Stlltom.nt ol OwniiOOp, Managemon~ and Clrcutdcniii!Uit~~ il roold be print.cJ tn &rrf Issue In Oc:tob&ror, illhepubllcatlon I& no1 pubbhed dul1ng0ctobor, ~ l•r.t issiJe~ III~Oc:t.lc«.

5 In Item 16, indic:all!l 1M d11te ol lh• i55wln whlc:h thl:t Slatomont ol C>Nne11ihifl win be published,

6, Item 17 musl bo slgnod.

December 2001

Classified Advertising Regulations & Rates

Ads are payable in advance 90¢ per word, $1.00 per word in bold type. Classified display ads are $40.00 per column inch, 2'/." wide. Ads are not commissionable or discountable. The publisher may, at the publisher's sole discretion and for any reason and without notice, decline to publish or republish any ad, in which case any fees submitted or paid for such ads shall be returned or rebated to the advertiser. The publisher reserves the right to edit all copy. Price lists of services will not be accepted. Confidential ads are $10.00 additional for postage and handling. The first of the month is issue date. Copy must be received 30 days in advance (February issue closes for copy on January 1st).

HOROLOG/CAL TIMES 701 Enterprise Drive Harrison, OH 45030

Toll Free 1-866-367-2924, ext. 307 Phone (513) 367-9800

Fax (513) 367-1414 E-mail: [email protected]

TRADESMAN CLOCKS: Gear cutting, repivoting, rebushing, jeweling. REPAIRING: Aircraft clocks & pocket watches. Roy H. Niegel (CMC, CMW retired), 34036N Saint Joe Dr., Spirit Lake, ID 83869-8775; (208) 623-4330.

r------------,

I DIAL : REFINISHING I I I I I I I I I I I I

., R; ~ -~-- z· - • -· il - . . 4 .

.I 1 ~

BEFORE AFTER

Quartz Conversions Diamond Dial Conversions

Emblem & Name Personalization

Write for Brochures

INTERNATIONAL DIAL CO., INC. 58 W. SUGARTREE

I P.O. BOX 970 WILMINGTON, OH 45177

I (937) 382-4535 L ____ ___ ____ ...J

WATCH REPAIR 40 years experience! Specialist in ultra highgrade and pocket watches, also mechanical, certified in quartz. Seeking steady repair account. Call (928) 757-2647, Fax (928) 757-3728, oremail [email protected] for information or price list.

CLOCK WHEELS, BARRELS & ARBORS CUSTOM MACHINED. Free price list. John F. Kurdzionak Clock Repair, 379 Main St., Stoneham, MA 02180; Phone (781) 438-1037, Fax (781) 279-2923, E-mail: [email protected]

POCKET WATCH CASE REPAIR Tick-Tock Specialties. Bezels, hinges, springs, dents, etc. HARRY MAZAR, 308 N. Mcleansboro St., Benton, IL 62812; (618) 439-6995, call 9 a.m.-1 p.m.

HAMILTON ELECTRIC WATCH REPAIR Expert, experienced service on all Hamilton 500 and 505 Electric watches. Hamilton electric watches and parts always wanted. Rene Rondeau, P .0. Box 391, Corte Madera, CA 94976. Tel: (415) 924-6534. E-mail: [email protected]

DIAL REFINISHING CO. FAST SERVICE, FINEST QUALITY, quantity works welcome. Specialize on changing dial feet positions to fit the quartz movement. Send your works to: KIRK DIAL OF SEATTLE, 4th & Pike Bldg., Suite 625, Seattle, WA 98101; (206) 623-2452.

Watch Wheel Repivoting Staffs, Stems, Cylinder Plugs

Custom Made Philip J. Stoller, Certified Watchmaker P.O. Box 195, Congerville, IL 61729

(309) 448-5151

CRYSTAL CUTTING SERVICE Flat Mineral Glass Crystals

Quality Work 1-Day Turnaround

R.A. Time Capsule Montoursville, PA

You'll love our price. For more information call

1-800-WATCH-50

ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENT SERVICE We are Factory Authorized Service for:

• VIBROGRAF & PORTESCAP • TICK-0-PRINT & L&R

We service all makes of ultrasonics, all makes of watch rate recorders, and related equipment, 25 years experience.

JACK PHILLIPS 757 Lincoln Ave., #26 San Rafael, CA 94901

Used Equipment Bought & Sold I I For Information _..,. ,,K.~~.. Call (415) 453-9266 ~


ALVIN KRUTOLOW FOR ROLEX SERVICE

Master Watchmaker, 47 years experience. Awarded technical certificate from Rolex in 1977. Service includes case & bracelet refinishing & waterproofing of case. All watch parts are genuine Rolex. We specialize in the repair of high-grade watches & clocks. Not affiliated with Rolex Watches, Inc. USA. Ask for Alvin or Marcus, (203) 792-4539.

ACCUTRON SERVICE All tuning fork calibres. Prompt & reliable. Larry Blanchard, P.O. Box47, 214 East Niles St., Blue Mound, IL 62513; Phone & fax (217) 692-2564.

TWEEZERS SHARPENED William Webb, 4002 Olivia Dr., N. Charleston, sc 29418; (843) 552-2485.

VINTAGE POCKET WATCH RESTORATION. Twenty years experience, guarantee, free estimates. The Escapement, Box 606, Chenango Bridge, NY 13745; (607) 648-3777.

ACCUTRON COIL REPAIR. Write for details. Larry Blanchard, P.O. Box 47, 214 East Niles St., Blue Mound, IL 62513.

CLOCK WHEEL & PINION CUTTING Full service custom machine work.

Mark Cooper, Rt. 5, Box 420, Alvin, TX 77511 (281) 331-9234 [email protected]

PORCELAIN I ENAMEL WATCH AND CLOCK DIAL RESTORATION Perfect and invisible. Colors and art perfectly

matched. Dennis Kaye, 888-363-9510 http://clocks.dwk.org, e-mail [email protected]

CRYSTAL MASTER IN CHICAGO A&B Watch Repair Inc. (Est. in 1945)

d/b/a A&B Crystal Fitting Having 55 Years Experience In Flat Fancy & Dome Fancy Crystal Fitting, Hunting Case,

Open Face Pocket Watch Glass Crystals (Fast, Precision & Guaranteed Service)

29 East Madison St., Room #809 Chicago, IL 60602 Phone (312) 263-9047

Fax (312) 263-9056 (312) 263-1705 P.S. Try Us Once, Our Work Will Prove Itself

CLOCK, MUSIC BOX MAINSPRINGS, GEAR PINION CUTTERS, MATERIAL & PARTS CUSTOM MADE. TANI, Box338,Atwater, OH44201; (330) 947-2268. Catalog $3.00.

BALANCE STAFF TURNING Balance staffs turned for platform escapements and pocket watches. Pete Kolias, Roseville, MN, (651) 373-0715 or (651) 766-6989.

45

ARTICLES FOR SALE

HIGH QUALITY WATCHBANDS AT COMPETITIVE PRICES

1-800-583-1906 DurableWatchbands.com Fax: 916-492-17 45

ECKCELLS Your battery connection and more ...

379 Main Street Stoneham, MA 02180

NOW SUPPLYING MAINSPRINGS (NEWALL) For American-made watches

$3.50 each. $10 for 3, $36 per dozen

COMPLETE LINE OF SEITZ JEWELS

EVEREADY and RENATA BATTERIES Competitive pricing, monthly battery specials

MCIVISA

TOLL-FREE 800-435-4354 PHONE TOLL-FREE 800-690-3303 FAX

Clock Repair Needs Send $3.00 for our all new 128

page illustrated clock supply catalog. Over 6000 items available for fast delivery.

The Phoenix Transfer Co. Stocking the trade's best variety of clock transfers and paper labels.

The M. L. Shipley Co. Recently acquired, we now offer largest selection of screened clock glass and paper dials to the trade.

46

Timesavers Box 12700

Scottsdale, AZ 85267• USA 480-483-3711/480-483-6116

[email protected] I www.timesavers.com

TEC Specialties Fine dials, decals and labels

r' .. , .. 4 .,.. "' (!)_:::--::..;_=·

,: $ 0

6 ANSONIA CLOCK CO. 24 ' ,. ' CLOCKS lr. MOVEMENTS. .. .

ZL --::-- JO 20 ~~~-~11. ll

19181;~;-;-;;4~2

2001 Catalog with refund coupon $4.00 ppd

Jim Zerfing PO Box 5042 South Williamsport, PA 17702-0842

HENRY B. FRIED MEMORIAL 29th Horological Tour

RUSSIA (St. Petersburg/Moscow- Reserve Room Basement Hermitage Mueum; Poljot/Kirov/Raketa Watch+ Ship Chronometer Factories; Meet Herological Collectors; Fantastic lsmailovski Flea Market) FINLAND (Horological School/Museum; Helsinki Mart; Ferry Trip to Tallin) POLAND (Krakow/Warsaw - Jagellonian Horological Collection) June 2002. Brochure? 1-800-262-4284 or [email protected]

DASHTO INC./TOM MISTER http://www.dashto.com

Huge and everchanging selection Used and new horological items

Sold by internet list only TOOLS/EQUIPMENT

MATERIAL ASSTS/PARTS POCKET/WRISTWATCHES

WATCH MOVEMENTS WATCH CASES & DIALS

WATCH BRACELETS/BUCKLES MUCH MORE

WE BUY & TRADE ALSO [email protected] http://dashto.org

maxell .Jtl Batteries

THOSE WHO PUT THEIR NAME ON THE OUTSIDE PREFER MAXELL'S NAME ON THE INSIDE

For all your alkaline, lithium and watch batteries, watch tools, watch movements, metal bands, leather bands, glasses (flat/domed), crystals, Swiss sapphire crystals, Citizen and Seiko crowns, springbars, o·rings and gaskets

please contact:

Simren Canada 5730 Coopers Avenue, Unit #24 Mississauga, Ontario L4Z 2E9

Tel: 905-890-3618 o Fax: 905-507-6896 Toll: 1-800-381-3077 o Fax: 1-888-890-8878

E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.simrencanada.com


NOW AVAILABLE Discontinued SEIKO & LASSALE

Bands, Cases, Dials, Straps & Case Parts

This is an inventory of complete salesmen's samples. We have over 15,000 cases/bands in stock for immediate delivery. Crystals, dials, hands and crowns are available. Renew that old SEIKO or LASSALE customer's watch for a fraction of the cost of normal parts purchase. We have many parts that the major distributor can't supply. All parts are from U.S.A. authorized models.

Call RON CANDA 1-877-226-3259 This is a FREE call!!!

Have caseback, dial, or band numbers ready and I will let you know cost and availability.

E-mail: [email protected] www.candowatches.com

CLOCK & WATCHMAKERS TOOLS By J. Malcolm Wild, England

Depthing Tools, Milling Spindle, Jacot Tool, Division Plates, Mainspring Winder, Staking Tool

All tools craftsman-made. Also Thornton Wheel & Pinion Cutters

for both clocks and wat ches

Send $10.00 for 50-page catalog to:

JMW (Clocks) Prop. J. Malcolm Wild, FBHI

12 Norton Green Close, Sheffield S8 8BP England

Fax No. 01144 2740295 US Contact Call (570) 937-3301

Greiner Precicheck w/instructions. New stock old Timex stem, crowns and crystals. Make offer. (616) 674-8603 Fax (616) 674-4907

SHERLINE PRODUCTS 10-25% OFF

Free catalogs upon request. ANTIQUE CLOCKWORKS, LTD. P.O. Box 201, Loretto, MN 55357

Toll Free 877-643-7698 E-mail: [email protected]

SOFTWARE

CompuWatch releases WMOSX (CompuWatch Office) Windows Shareware version for watch repair shops. For only $49.00 you get invoicing, job estimation , unlimited repair tracking , job envelope printing and many more features. Additional programs: general ledger, expense tracker, inventory control, comprehensive part ordering, trade work manager and password bank. Review the full package for 30 days free then register only the software you need. Get fast downloads at www.compuwatch.net.

ANNOUNCEMENT Anyone interested in re-establishing the

BULOVA WATCHMAKING SCHOOL ALUMNI please contact RICHARD MAZZA at

[email protected] or fax to (309) 285-3567 or (818) 501-7727

WANTED TO BUY

CALL ME When you are ready to sell your movements, cases, dials, parts, or complete watches. Prompt, fair settlement. Will travel or pay shipping. Mike Bailey, P.O. Box 1118, Elgin, IL 60121 or (847) 741-1289.

We pay 97% of market for karat gold scrap (any amount)! Also, buy filings, gold fill, sweeps, silver, platinum! Immediate 24-hour payment return mail! Ship insured/registered mail to: AMERICAN METALS COMPANY, 253 King St., Dept. HT, Charleston, SC 29401. Established 1960. Phone (803) 722-2073.

ATTENTION RETIRED WATCHMAKERS Call us before you sell your parts, tools, and watches. We have helped over 125 watchmakers in the last three years to dispose of their accumulations. When you're really ready to sell, we're re.a.d.y to buy! Phone (727) 327-3306. Ask for Jeff or Nancy. E-mail: [email protected]

WANTED: Paying high prices for chronograph and high grade watches, movements, dials, cases, & parts. Dean Sarnelle, 25 W. Beverley St., Staunton, VA 24401, phone & fax (540) 885-6064.

We also fit glass crystals to Openface, Hunting, and English

chain drive watches. Complete watches, dials,

movements, case springs for sale.

G F Specialties 1-800-351-6926 P.O. Box 170216

Milwaukee, WI 53217

WANTED • Gold-Filled Scrap $5.50 per oz.

• GF Watch Bands $6.00.$18.00 lb.

• Batteries Silver .9 x SPOT

• Gold • 14k, 18k, etc. Up to 98%

Ron Fried, President "/look forward to giving

you honest and reliable service.·

Call Toll Free 1-800-426-2344 203-372-0481

SPECIALTY METALS REFINING COMPANY, INC. 1915 Black Rock Turnpike

Fairfield, CT 06430

Members: Better Business Bureau Jewelers Board of Trade

Our 197th Consecutive Ad

WATCH MATERIAL DISTRIBUTORS

Please call us if you are interested in selling your business. All replies confidential.

Contact Pat Cassedy Cas-Ker Co. (513) 674-7700


I ~'S TIME TO SELL

A WATCH TOP PRICES PAID!

ROUX • PATEk PHILIPPE VACHERON & CO STANTi .

AUOEMAR5 PIGUET BREITLING • CARTIER

& OTHERS

Wilen l'<lv're reacl1• to ell Call Tn/1 Free

1-800-842-8625 Alwa)l!> pmmpt P.,1 )rment!

47

Advertisers' Index

Borel & Co., Jules .. ....................................... 5 Grobet USA-Vigor ...... ................................. 29 (816) 421-6110 (201) 939-6700

Butterworth Clocks, Inc . ............................. 35 Guenther's ..... .................... ....................... .... 9 (800) 258-5418 (213) 892-8033

Cas-Ker Co . ........... ............. inside back cover S. LaRose, Inc ................... ......................... 23 (513) 674-7700 (336) 621-1936

Clocks .................... ..................................... 19 Livesay's, Inc . ...................................... .... ... 27 011 01 31 228 6638 (813) 229-2715

Esslinger & Co . .. .......... ... .... inside front cover McCaw Co., William S ............. ....... .............. 3 (651) 452-7180 (419) 243-3720

Ferrell & Company ........................ .... .......... 25 Samson Technology Corporation ...... .. ....... 33 (213) 627-6031 (954) 916-9322

Frei & Borel ......... .............................. .. ........ 31 Smith Supply House .. .................. ............... 11 (510) 832-0355 (213) 622-1687

Gaber & Company ..... ................... .. .. .... .... .. .. 7 (412) 322-8499

AWl Employee Directory

James E. Lubic, CMW Executive Director Education & Technical Director 1-866-367-2924 ext. 31 0 [email protected]

Lucy Fuleki Assistant Executive Director 1-866-367-2924 ext. 304 [email protected]

Thomas J. Pack Finance Director 1-866-367-2924 ext. 311 [email protected]

Donna K. Baas Managing Editor/Advertising Manager 1-866-367-2924 ext. 307 [email protected]

48

Nancy L. Wellmann Education Coordinator 1-866-367-2924 ext. 303 [email protected]

Sharon McManus Membership Coordinator 1-866-367-2924 ext. 302 [email protected]

Mary Huff Shipping Coordinator 1-866-367-2924 ext. 305 [email protected]

Melanie Frye ReceptionisUSecretary 1-866-367-2924 ext. 301 [email protected]


Sony Magnetic Products of America, Inc . ........................ back cover (305) 260-7800

S.T. International ........................................ . 39 (800) 364-2355

Twin City Supply ......................................... 17 (952) 545-2725

U.S. Watch Parts & Tools ... ....... ................. 13 (800) 213-5048

Vibrograf U.S.A. Corp . ............ .................... 15 (516) 437-8700

Witschi Electronics USA Ltd ....................... 19 (800) 882-7977

Zantech ...... .......... ... .................................... 21 (800) 441-7569

Steve Jones Audiovisual Manager 1-866-367-2924 ext. 308 [email protected]

American Watchmakers-Ciockmakers Institute 701 Enterprise Drive, Harrison, OH 45030 Phone: Toll Free 1-866-367-2924 or (513) 367-9800 Fax: (513) 367-1414 E-mail : [email protected] Web Site: www.awi-net.org Office Hours: Mon-Fri 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM (EST) Closed National Holidays

Keep your self-winding watches running . . . and avoid resetting.

590.835 Metallic Silver Finish ... $80.00

590.838 Black Genuine Leather .... $90.00

Cas·~&[J(O. 2550 CIVIC CENTER DR PO BOX 31167 CINCINNATI OH 45231-0167

New!

590.836 Blue Leatherette ........... $80.00 590.837 Burgundy Leatherette ..... 80.00

New winders keep your automatics wound, right on time, calendars up to date, and movements properly lubricated. They come in four handsome finishes and feature: • Factory preset for 650-700 Turns Per Day on 4-hour mode and provide automatic reversing (the mode for most automatic watches). Bi-directional winding distributes wear over all internal watch components. • Unit cycles 6 times for a total of 24 minutes, then a light on top indicates that it's in a 3lfz hour sleep mode. • 2-hour mode switch for unidirectional movements. • Spring loaded holder accommodates men's and ladies' watches. Includes a holder for extra large men's watches. • Solid state microprocessor controlled timer. • Portable - ideal for watches kept in safes. • Extremely quiet operation on two C batteries, included. Battery life is generally 10 to 12 months. • One year manufacturer's warranty.

CALL 1-800-487-0408 FAX 1-800-487-5848 LOCAL PHONE 513/674-7700 FAX 513/674-0600

Shop our web site at www.casker.com

Sony, the world's number one brand, is also the brand on the batteries that power many of the world's time pieces.

That's because we are one of the largest fu ll line manufacturers of silver oxide batteries.

So, not only do we wan t you to have the time of your life using our award-winning products,

we also want the life of your time to be the best.

SONY WATCH BATTERIES

e-1nail: batteryinlo(••'am.sony.coln

© 2001 Sony Corporation. All reproductions prohibited wi thout proper authorization, Characteristics and specifications subject to change without prior notification, Sony is a registered trademark of Sony Corporation. Other trademarks registered are property of their respective owners.

SONY.

HoROLOGICAL TM

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