Abnormal protrusion of part or whole of the

viscus through a normal or abnormal opening

in the wall of the cavity containing it

• Groin: – Inguinal

• Direct

• Indirect

• Combined

– Femoral • Anterior

– Umbilical

– Epigastric

– Spigelian • Pelvic

– Obturator

– Sciatic

– Perineal • Posterior

– Lumbar • Superior triangle

• Inferior triangle

• Abnormal protrusion of the abdominal viscus(sac) through weak area of inguinal region

• Classified – Anatomical site:

• Direct

• Indirect

– Reducibility: • Reducible

• irreducible

Indirect – protrusion of the sac through the

internal ring and superficial inguinal ring

Direct – protrusion of the sac through the

hasselback’s triangle

More common in men

Indirect hernia – more common right side

Anatomy:

Inguinal ligament – pouparts ligament

Inguinal canal

▪ Contents: cord structures, illioinguinal nerve

External, internal, transverse abdominis, &

cremastric muscle

Hesselbachs triangle

Inferior epigastric artery branch of external illiac

artery

Herniology, sub

specialty

Dedicated clinics

Own society

Own journal