~5~

Contents Preface 3 

Acknowledgement 3 Contents 5 

Orders of Battle 7 Tables 7 

Chapter 1 The Hanoverian Army 9 The Growth of Hanover 10 Personal Union with Britain 11 Seven Years War 11 Hanoverian Generals 21 

Chapter 2 Hanoverian Infantry 23 Flags 25 Drill 26 Infantry Uniform 26 Regimental Identification Marks 37 

Chapter 3 Line Infantry 38 IR1a von Scheither 38 IR1b Alt Zastrow 41 IR2a von Spörcken 44 IR2b Fabrice 48 IR3a von Knesebeck 51 IR3b von Druchtleben 55 IR4a von Ledebour 59 IR4b von Stolzenberg 62 IR5a von Grote 65 IR5b von Hodenberg 69 IR6a von Hardenberg 73 IR6b von Zandre 77 IR7a von Wangenheim 80 IR7b von Hauss 83 IR8a von Diepenbroick 86 IR8b von Block 89 IR9a Sachsen-Gotha 92 IR9b Jung Zastrow 95 IR10a von Post 98 IR10b 1. Neues Battalion 102 IR11a von Dreves 104 IR11b de la Chevallerie 107 IR12a von Kielmannsegg 110 IR12b von Brunck 113 IR13a von Halberstadt (Fusiliers) 116 IR13b 2. Neues Battalion 118 

Chapter 4 Grenadiers 120 Grenadier Uniform 120 

Chapter 5 Garrison Units 128 Alte Landmiliz 128 Invalid Commands 130 

~6~

Garrison Battalions 131 Chapter 6 Hanoverian Cavalry 132 

CR1a Leib-Regiment 134 CR1b Zepelin 138 CR2a Dachenhausen 142 CR2b Hammerstein 146 CR3a Grothaus 149 CR3b Hodenberg 153 CR4a Walthausen 157 CR4b Gilten 161 

Chapter 7 Dragoons 165 DR5 Drachenhausen 166 DR6 Breitenbach 172 DR7 Busche 177 DR8 Bock 182 

Chapter 8 Guard 187 Fussgarde 187 Garde Grenadiers 191 Garde du Corps 192 Grenadiers zu Pferde 196 

Chapter 9 Artillery and Engineers 199 Hanoverian Ordnance 201 Artillery Train 207 Engineers 210 

Chapter 10 Légion Britannique 212 Amalgamated Dragoons, Légion Britannique 213 1st Bn, Légion Britannique 214 2nd Bn, Légion Britannique 215 3rd Bn, Légion Britannique 216 4th Bn, Légion Britannique 217 5th Bn, Légion Britannique 218 

Chapter 11 Light Troops 219 Luckner Hussars 220 Schulenburg/Freytag Jägerkorps 224 Stockhausen Freikorps 227 Scheither Korps 230 

Chapter 12 Shaumburg-Lippe Contingent 235 Bückeburg Carabiniers 236 Schaumburg-Lippe-Bückeburg Jäger 238 IR von Schaumburg-Lippe-Bückeburg 239 Schaumburg-Lippe-Bückeburg Artillery 241 

Orders of Battle 243 References 252 

Contemporary Illustrations 252 Illustrations 252 Books 252 

Regimental Index 254 

~7~

Orders of Battle OOB 1: The establishment of the Hanoverian Artillery Train on 19 May 1758. 207 OOB 2: Vehicles of the Hanoverian Artillery Train on 31 July 1758. 208 OOB 3: Hanoverian artillery train personnel in 1758 and 1762. 208 OOB 4: Hanoverian artillery vehicles in 1762. 209 OOB 5: Hanoverian Garrison Artillery of 1762. 209 OOB 6: Allied Army of General William Augustus, the Duke of Cumberland at Hastenburg (26 July 1757) [Digby Smith (2012) p255-6]. 243 OOB 7: Allied Army of Ferdinand of Brunswick at Krefeld (23 June 1758) 244 OOB 8: Allied Army of GL von Imhoff at Mehr (5 Aug 1758) 245 OOB 9: Allied army of GL von Oberg at Lutterberg (10 Oct 1758) 245 OOB 10: Allied disposition in January 1759. 246 OOB 11: Allied Army of Ferdinand of Brunswick at Bergen (13 April 1759) 247 OOB 12: Allied Army of Fredinand of Brunswick at Minden (1 Aug 1759) 248 OOB 13: Allied Army of the Hereditary Prince of Brunswick at Gohfeld (1 Aug 1759) 249 OOB 14: Allied Army of Hereditary Prince of Brunswick at Corbach (10 July 1760). 249 OOB 15: Allied Army Ferdinand of Brunswick at Warburg (31 July 1760) 251

Tables Table 1: Growth of the Armies of Hanover, Celle and Osnabrück. 8 Table 2: Theoretical Strength of the Hanoverian Army 1756-57. 12 Table 3: Theoretical Strength of the Hanoverian Army 1758-60. 18 Table 4: Theoretical Strength of the Hanoverian Army 1761-62. 20 Table 5: Infantry and Artillery losses and casualties during the Seven Years War. 20 Table 6: Cavalry losses and casualties during the Seven Years War. 20 Table 7: Light troops losses and casualties during the Seven Years War. 20 Table 8: Hanoverian Infantry Regiments, c1763 23 Table 9: Hanoverian infantry uniform changes from 1724-63. 27 Table 10: Drum hoops and Drummer’s Lace 36 Table 11: Regimental Marks. 37 Table 12: Names changes of the garrison units (1757, 1763 and 1783). 131 Table 13: Hanoverian Artillery Brigades and Divisions. 200 Table 14: Hanoverian Battalion guns. 203 Table 15: Hessen-Kassel 1-pdr Amusette. 204 Table 16: Non-Hanoverian pieces. 205 Table 17: Hanoverian Cannon of the Park Artillery. 205 Table 18: Hanoverian Howitzers of the Park Artillery. 206 Table 19: Hanoverian Mortars. 206 Table 20: Engineer Corps in 1756. 210 Table 21: Commander and uniform details for the five battalions of the Legion Britanique. 212 Table 22: Each piece also had one or two bombardiers. 242 Table 23: Schaumburg-Lippe-Bückeburg artillery pieces. 242

~9~

Chapter 1 The Hanoverian Army

The origins of the Hanoverian Army goes back to 1617 and the start of the Thirty Years War. On 28 August 1705, Elector Georg Ludwig inherited Celle on the death of his uncle so the 14 squadrons and 10 battalions of Celle were converged with the 18 squadrons and 10 battalions of Hanover.

The Duchies of Hanover and Celle had a common policy in more or less permanently renting out troops. In 1663-64, a contingent of 1,320 men formed part of the Reichsarmee and

fought against the Turks in Hungary. At St Godhard, they helplessly observed the decapitation of 200 of their fallen and wounded comrades as prizes by the retiring Turkish soldiers. A pair of Turkish kettledrums taken by the Hanoverians were made from human skin.2

In 1667, they were part of the 5,000 German auxiliaries that arrived on Crete to assist the embattled Venetian Republic against the Turks, in the defence of the fortress city of Candia (Iraklion). More than three quarters died from disease by the time the city fell on 27 September 1668 to the Turks.3

In 1667-68, Hanoverian regiments totalling 4,614 were hired by the Dutch against the French.4

In 1685, Hanover once again were paid by the Venetian Republic to supply troops to fight the Turks, this time in the Peloponnese Peninsular of Southern Greece. Initially in 1685, three regiments (2,451 men) were sent and the next year two further regiments raising the number of Hanoverians to 4,000 men including 1,700 sick. The Hanoverians lost 140 officers.5

In October 1688, Hanover with Brandenburg and Saxony fought the French in the Rhineland and demanded payment from the south Germans.6 This escalated into the Nine Years War (1688-1697) where the Hanoverians often acted as Anglo-Dutch auxiliaries for William III.7

From 1701-12, Hanover and Celle provided initially 6,000 (1701), 16,000 (1702) and raising to 16,800 in 1707 as auxiliaries in Anglo-Dutch pay. They played a part in Marlborough’s Blenheim campaign in Bavaria.8

From 1734-36 during the War of Polish Succession, they provided 2,860 auxiliaries for Austria and a further 2,866 as the Reich’s contingent.9

The Hanoverians acquired an excellent reputation during the Wars of Louis XIV especially in the Low Countries under the Duke of Marlborough.10

2 Wilson (1998) pp84-85. 3 Wilson (1998) pp42-43. 4 Wilson (1998) p35. 5 Wilson (1998) pp72-73 and 77-78 6 Wilson (1998) pp89-90. 7 Wilson (1998) p183. 8 Wilson (1998) pp108-109. 9 Wilson (1998) p229. 10 Niemeyer and Ortenburg (1977) p11.

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~23~

Chapter 2 Hanoverian Infantry

Infantry Regiments were known after their Inhaber and it was not until 1783 that they were given regimental numbers officially.32 In 1763, the decision to halve the number of line infantry regiments by combining two battalions was made. The regiments were amalgamated upon the death or retirement of one of the Inhabers. The regimental service numbers used in the book were introduced in 1783. The suffix “a” and “b” indicates which battalion it was formed from.

Table 8: Hanoverian Infantry Regiments, c1763

Est. 1st Bn 2nd BnIR1 von Scheither 1769 IR1a von Scheither IR1b von OttenIR2 Prince Frederick 1774 IR2a von Meding IR2b von ScheleIR3 von Reden 1763 IR3a von Reding IR3b von Schulenburg IR4 von Bock 1769 IR4a von Bock IR4b von Craushaar IR5 de la Motte 1776 IR5a de la Motte IR5b von BehrIR6 von Hardenburg 1769 IR6a von Hardenburg IR6b von Linsingen IR7 von Wangenheim 1764 IR7a von Wangenheim IR7b von PlessenIR8 Prinz Ernst 1764 IR8a Prinz Ernst IR8b von BlockIR9 von Wurmb 1773 IR9a von Wurmb IR9b von ZastrowIR10 Prinz Carl 1763 IR10a Prinz Carl IR10b 1. Neue BnIR11 von Goldacker 1768 IR11a von Goldacker IR11b de la Chevallerie IR12 von Kielsmannsegg 1776 IR12a von Kielmannsegg IR12b von EstorffIR13 von Ahlefeld 1763 IR13a von Ahlefeld IR13b 2. Neue Bn

The financial management of an infantry regiment was based upon the company (Kompanie-Wirtschaft). A lump sum was paid to the regimental and company commanders from the military exchequer. From this, they paid, fed, clothed and armed the men as well as finding replacements according to a strict system of regulations. The principle regulations were the Supply Regulations (Verpfegungsordonnanzen) where clothing and weapons were supplied by the state at a fixed price and became the property of the company commander. When the company changed hands, the new commander had to purchase all these items at the regulated price. In 1729, a line infantry battalion (regiment) had:33

REGIMENTAL STAFF: 1 Oberst, 1 Oberst-Lt, 1 Major, regimental surgeon, regimental drummer, 4 oboists, servant. SEVEN MUSKETEER COYS:34 1 Kapitan, 1 Premierleutnant, 1 Secondleutnant, 2 sergeants, 2 NCOs, 3 corporals, 2 drummers, 12 Grefreiten, 76 men. [The exception was IR von Bourbon that had three Bns of 5 coys.]

32 Niemeyer and Ortenberg (1977) p14 33 Schirmer (1929) III: p62 34 In 1729, IR von Bincke had 5 coys. [Schirmer (1929) III: p62].

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Chapter 3 Line Infantry

IR1a von Scheither Raised as the Cellisches Leib-Regiment in 1665 by Josias Graf von Waldeck. In 1668 the regiment went to fight for Venice on Crete. In 1674 it fought on the Upper Rhine

in the combined Celle-Wolffenbüttel army under the Duke of Holstein-Plön. In 1685 the regiment went to fight the Turks in Hungary. When GM von Nettelhorst died in 1692, his regiment was split in two. Oberst du Four-Bibrac commanded the I Bn. Garrison 1733: Lüneberg, Winsen and Bardiwiek. 1748: Stade. 1789: HQ and I Bn in Münden. The II Bn in Uslar (2 coys), Dransfeld, (2 coys), Hardegge (1 coy) and Hedemünde (1 coy).

Inhaber Cellisches Leib-Regiment 1665: Josias Graf von Waldeck 1670: Rudolf von Ende 1683: Hillebrandt van Nettelhorst (d. 1692) 1692: Oberst du Four-Bibrac 1692: Jean Mailly de Carles Joined the Hanoverian Army (1705) 1705: Jean Mailly de Carles 1706: Johann Leopold von Hitzfeld 1725: Bodo Ludwig von Torney 1726: Bernhard Christoph von Klinkowström 1734: Friedrich Wilhelm von Klinkowström

1750: Johann Julius von Hattorf 1755: Joachim Christian Ludwig von Staffhorst 1756: Johann Heinrich von Scheither IR1 formed when IR1a was amalgamated with IR1b in 1769 1769: Johann Heinrich von Scheither 1781: Heinrich Ludwig von Stockhausen 1794: Ludwig Heinrich August von Scheither (1795 Alt-Scheither) 1803: Disbanded

Flags Leibfahne: White field bearing the Arms of Hanover. Regimental Flag: Dark green field with a gold lion reaching for a round plaque containing a sword and shield. Scroll above reads TU NE CEDE MALIS (yield thou not to evil). Surrounded by palm wreath. Regimental Mark: RE

~39~

M1729 Uniform HEADWEAR: Tricorn edged yellow red-black pom-pom. STOCK: Black stock. COAT: Red coat with dark green cuffs, lapels, and turnbacks. All edged in yellow braid. LACE: Yellow buttonhole lace on lapels (7 and 3 below) and pockets (3). WAISTCOAT: Dark green edged yellow. BUTTONS: Brass. LEGWEAR: Straw coloured breeches, white gaiters and black shoes.

M1758 Uniform HEADWEAR: Black tricorn laced yellow and dark green-red pom-poms. STOCK: Black. COAT: Red collarless coat with green cuffs, lapels and turnbacks. Red shoulder strap on the left shoulder. FACINGS: Dark green. LACE: Yellow buttonhole lace on sleeves above cuffs (2), lapels (1-2-2-2 and 2 below) and pockets (2). WAISTCOAT: Dark green then white in 1761. BUTTONS: Brass. LEGWEAR: Straw yellow breeches, white gaiters and black shoes. In 1761, white breeches, white gaiters and black shoes.

~40~

Officers HEADWEAR: A black cockade hat. COAT: Gold lace on the cuffs and lapels. DISTINCTIONS: Gold gorget with the Arms of Hanover in the centre and carried a yellow sash slung over the right shoulder. Drummers COAT: Red coat with yellow swallow’s nest and lace. DRUM: Alternating dark green and red diagonal striped hoops, white drum cords over a brass drum with the Arms of Hanover in the centre.

Campaign History War of Austrian Succession: Fought at Ramillies and Laeffeld. Seven Years War: In 1757, the regiment fought at Hastenbeck. On 18 March 1758, four companies of the regiment took possession of Hameln. On 31 May, it accompanied Ferdinand of Brunswick in his offensive on the west bank of the Rhine. On 18 June, it was part of Wangenheim Corps who passed the Rhine at Duisburg. At Krefeld (23 June) it was deployed on the right wing under the command of the Erbprinz of Brunswick. In June 1759, the regiment was part of Wangenheim corps at Dülmen, Westphalia to observe the movement of a French corps under the Marquis d’ Armentières. At Minden (1 Aug), it assaulted the village of Totenhausen on the right flank. In 1760, at Warburg (31 July), it was deployed on the right flank under the command of GL Hardenberg. 1794: Campaigned in Holland.

~121~

IR1a Grenadier British style grenadier cap with dark green front with brass shield and brass crown, small brass flap with springing horse, red sack, dark green base lined with yellow lace.

IR1b Grenadier British style mitre cap with a small front flap. White front with white horse below a gold crown all on a red field. Below is a brass shield of the Hanoverian arms supported by the lion and unicorn. Small white flap with stylised engraved grenade. Red sack, white base lined with yellow lace.

IR2a Grenadier Brass mitre with a grenade on the small front flap, springing horse surmounted by a crown. Brass flap with engraved grenade. Red bag, dark yellow base lined with yellow lace.

~169~

DR5 Dragoon Uniform HEADWEAR: Black tricorn laced silver with oak leaves as a field sign and a black cockade. STOCK: Red. COAT: White collarless coat with red Swedish cuffs laced white with 2 white buttonholes, red lapels with 8 white buttonholes and red turnbacks. SHOULDER-KNOT: Red aiguillette on the right shoulder. WAISTCOAT: White or straw waistcoat with red edging.

LEGWEAR: Buff leather breeches and black boots with white knee-covers. HORSE FURNITURE: Red saddlecloth with white-red-white lines and black rectangles superimposed. The emblem of a white horse on red ground in a crowned white floral wreath. Officers HEADWEAR: Tricorn edged with silver braid. DISTINCTIONS: Yellow silk sash across the right shoulder, a silver gorget, a silver porte-epee. They did not carry a bandoleer. NCOs DISTINCTIONS: Silver braid on the cuffs, pockets, lapels and waistcoat. They did not carry a bandoleer.

~171~

DR5 Dragoon Grenadier HEADWEAR: Prussian-style mitre cap, red front carrying the silver GR monogram within the Garter supported by a lion and a unicorn, red flap decorated with the silver Springing Horse over trophies of arms, white sack, red headband, silver within red pompom.

Campaign History War of Austrian Succession: Fought at Fontenoy, Rocour and Laeffeld. Seven Years War: The Regiment fought at Hastenbeck (26 July 1757), Rheinberg (12 June 1758), Krefeld (23 June 1758), Bergen (13 Apr 1759), Minden (1 Aug 1759), Warburg (31 July 1760), Wilhelmsthal (24 June 1762) and Lutterberg (24 June 1762).

~187~

Chapter 8 Guard

Fussgarde In 1648, the Leib-Regiment zu Fuss was raised from the two palace guard companies in Hanover and in Calenberg. In 1662, a guard company from Osnabrück was formed when Ernst August came into possession of the Bishopric of Osnabrück. In 1685, the two companies of the Leibgarde zu Fuss remained in Hanover. In 1690, the Graf von Königsmark commanded the senior company and Major des Chouppes the other. In 1690, both the two Hanoverian Guard companies and the regiment of GM von Ohr Regiment encamped at Dendermonde were merged to become the Leib-Garde Regiment under GM von Ohr and was raised to 16 companies split into two battalions. The I Bn was commanded by Obrist-Lt von Schlägel (Oberst in March 1694), the II Bn by Oberst-Lt Dieden.

Inhaber Leib-Regiment zu Fuss1677: Oberst von Uffeln 1678: Hermann Philipp von Ohr Leib-Garde Regiment 1690: Hermann Philipp von Ohr 1694: Carl Christian von Sommerfeld

1712: Cuno Josua von Bülow1733: Johann Georg von Ilten 1749: George Friedrich von Sommerfeld 1760: August Friedrich von Spörcken 1776: Carl von Mecklenburg-Strelitz 1786: Prince Edward of Great Britain 1789: Adolph Frederick, Duke of Cambridge

I/Garde Regiment 172987 REGIMENTAL STAFF: 3 staff officers, regimental surgeon, regimental drummer, 5 oboists, 1 servant. SEVEN COYS: 3 officers, 2 sergeants, 2 NCOs, 3 corporals, 2 drummers, 12 Grefreiten, 76 men.

In 1741, each battalion had a total of 716 all ranks.88 REGIMENTAL STAFF: 3 staff officers, regimental quartermaster, adjutant, advocate (Auditeur), chaplain, regimental surgeon with 4 assistances, regimental drummer, 4 oboists, provost and 1 servant. SEVEN COYS (114 all ranks): 3 officers, 2 sergeants, 2 NCOs, 4 corporals, 2 drummers, 14 Grefreiten, 94 men.

In 1756, the Leib-Garde Regiment of two battalions had 1,620 all ranks.

87 Schirmer (1929) III: 62 88 Schirmer (1929) III: 63

~215~

2nd Bn, Légion Britannique 2nd Bn Musketeer Uniform HEADWEAR: Black tricorn not laced, two small white pom-poms and a green cockade. STOCK: Black. COAT: Middle blue collarless coat with 13 buttons down the front, poppy red straight cuffs with 3 buttons and turnbacks. Middle blue shoulder strap on the left shoulder. WAISTCOAT: White. BUTTONS: White metal. LEGWEAR: Dark straw yellow breeches, black gaiters and black shoes. Officers COAT: Silver lace lining on the cuffs and vest. DISTINCTIONS: Red sash slung over the right shoulder.

2nd Légion Britannique Dragoons HEADWEAR: Black tricorn not laced, two small white pom-poms and a green cockade. STOCK: Black. COAT: Middle blue collarless coat with 13 buttons, poppy red straight cuffs with 3 buttons and turnbacks. Middle blue shoulder strap on the left shoulder. Silver aiguillette on the right shoulder.

WAISTCOAT: White. BUTTONS: White metal. LEGWEAR: Dark straw yellow breeches and black boots. HORSE FURNITURE: Red saddlecloth and housings laced white and carried King George II cipher.

~221~

In 1760, the unit had 32 officers, 56 NCOs, 16 trumpeters, 8 field surgeons and 552 hussars in four squadrons, each of two companies of 86 men. By this time Luckner’s Hussars were mostly Hanoverians. They did not carry a standard.117 Inhaber 1757: Rittmeister Nikolaus Graf von Luckner M1757 Uniform HEADWEAR: Black mirliton. PELISSE: Dark green pelisse trimmed in black fur and yellow lace. DOLMAN: Dark green dolman with yellow lace. BARREL SASH: Red-yellow barrel sash. BUTTONS: Brass. LEGWEAR: Red breeches and yellow boots. EQUIPMENT: White belts, black scabbard. Armed with a short, curved sabre, two pistols and a carbine. The carbine was slung from the cross belt on a swivel hook.

HORSE FURNITURE: Sheepskin saddlecloth edged in dark green with red ornamentation. Dark green sabretache with red ornamentation. Grey blanket roll.

117 Schirmer (1929) p136

~230~

Scheither Korps In 1758, Captain Georg Albrecht Heinrich von Scheither of the Grenadier zu Pferde raised a Freikorps of 420 men.

STAFF: 1 paymaster, 6 oboists, 1 regimental drummer, 1 provost, 1 servant. ARTILLERY DETACHMENT: 1 Feuerwerker with 4 gunners and 2 drivers. CARABINIER SQUADRON: 4 officers, 6 NCOs, 2 trumpeters, 1 field surgeon, 90 troopers. JÄGER COMPANY: 4 officers, 8 NCOs, 1 gunsmith, 2 buglers, 134 Jäger. GRENADIER COY: 4 officers, 9 NCOs, 1 field surgeon, 6 pioneers, 5 drummers and fifers, 125 grenadiers.

By 1759, it had a battalion of four companies of 3 officers, 7 NCOS, 2 trumpeters, 63 foot Jäger. In 1760, the Corps was probably joined by some Ulans although this is not mentioned in muster rolls. They were possibly raised from prisoners from the Red Ulan Polk that had been in the Saxon Army and that decided to fight under Hanoverian pay.121 In 1761, the Corps had four Carabinier troops (106 men each), two Grenadier Companies (200 men each) and a troop of 60 rifle-armed Jäger. The unit was disbanded at the end of the war. Von Scheither himself rose to the rank of Oberst-Lt by 1762.

121 Darayavaush Oglan Bachmat (2014) Private Communication.

~235~

Chapter 12 Shaumburg-Lippe Contingent

In 1640, Graf Otto V von Holstein-Schaumburg died leaving no male heir. This resulted in the formation of the County of Schaumburg-Lippe by treaties between the Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Hanover), the Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel and the Count of Lippe. It shared with the County of Schaumburg that belonged to Hesse-Kassel, the representative assembly and the highly productive Bückeberg mines, and the Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel retained some feudal rights over it.

Friedrich’s grandson Count Wilhelm (r. 1748–77) retained a standing army of 1,000 troops. The Schaumburg – Lippe - Bückeburg contingent was organized on the

presumption that as it would only ever take the field as part of a coalition force and specialised in artillery. On the death of Wilhelm in 1777, the junior Schaumburg – Lippe -Alverdissen inherited the County thereby reuniting Schaumburg-Lippe with Lippe -Alverdissen. In 1807, it became a principality, from 1871 it was a state within the German Empire. The capital was Bückeburg, and Stadthagen was the only other town.

~254~

Regimental Index HANOVERIAN GENERALS 21 ORDERS OF BATTLE Army, Ferdinand (2 Dec 1757) 13 Army, Ferdinand (1 Aug 1758) 15 Army, Ferdinand (1760) 17 Army, Sporcken (1760) 19 Bergen (13 April 1759) 247 Corbach (10 July 1760) 249 Gohfeld (1 Aug 1758) 249 Hastenburg (26 July 1757) 243 Krefeld (23 June 1758) 244 Lutterberg (10 Oct 1758) 245 Mehr (5 Aug 1758) 245 Minden (1 Aug 1759) 248 Warburg (31 July 1760) 251 Winter Quarters (Jan 1759) 246 ARTILLERY & ENGINEERS 199 Schaumburg-Lippe-Bückeburg Artillery 241 Hanoverian Ordnance 201 Artillery Train 207 Engineers 210 CAVALRY and DRAGOON REGTS Cavalry 132 Dragoons 165

A d‘Acerre, CR3b, (1744-45) 153 Aldeleben, DR6, (1740-51) 172

B Behr (Alt-), CR4a, (1761-65) 157 Behr, CR4b, (1746-48) 161 Behr, DR5, (1748-56) 166 Block, CR3b, (1753) 153 Bothe, CR4a, (1751-57) 157 Breidenbach, CR3b, (1747-53) 153 Breidenbach, CR4b, (1758-59) 161 Breidenbach, DR5, (1759-61) 166 Breidenbach, DR6, (1757-59) 172 Bremer (Alt-), CR2a, (1758-76) 142 Bremer (Jung-), CR3a, (1761-75) 149 Bremer, CR4b, (1738-44) 161 Bruchhausen, CR4a, (1750-51) 157 Bülow, CR3b, (1742-44) 153 Bülow, DR7, (1705-33) 177 Bussche, CR2b, (1722-33) 146 Bussche, DR7, (1733-61) 177 D Dachenhausen, CR4b, (1744-46) 161 Dachenhausen, CR2a, (1754-58) 142

Dachenhausen, DR5, (1756-58) 166 Dachenhausen, DR5, (1758-59) 166 Drewes, CR2a, (1731-32) 142

E Estorff, CR1b, (1761-66) 138

G Gilten, CR4b, (1756-58) 161 Grothaus, CR3a, (1757-61) 149

H Hammerstein, CR2b, (1733-60) 146 Hardenberg, CR3b, (1745-47) 153 Harling, DR6, (1735-38) 172 Hasberg, CR4b, (1713-38) 161 Heimburg, DR6, (1751-57) 172 Heise, CR1b, (1758-61) 138 Hodenberg, CR3b, (1757-75) 153 Horn, CR3b, (1729-32) 153

J Jüngermann, CR2b, (1760-61) 146

L Leib Regiment, CR1a, (1705-66) 134

M Malortie, CR3a, (1736-40) 149 Montigny, CR2a, (1734-54) 142 Müller, DR7, (1761-81) 177

P Platen-Hallermund, CR1b, (1745-53) 138 Pöllnitz, CR4b, (1748-56) 161 Pontpietin, DR8, (1715-57) 182

R Rathmann, CR2a, (1732-34) 142 Reden, CR4a, (1757-59) 157 Reden, DR6, (1759-61) 172 Röscher, CR3a, (1754-57) 149

S Schlüter, CR2a, (1711-31) 142 Schlütter, CR3b, (1753-57) 153 Schnehen, CR4b, (1744) 161 Schultze, CR4a, (1715-50) 157 Sckölln, CR1b, (1757-58) 138 Sprengel (Alt-), CR2b, (1761-76) 146 Steinfurth, DR6, (1729-35) 172

~255~

V Veltheim, CR4b, (1759-61) 161 Veltheim, CR4b, (1761-65) 161 Veltheim, DR5, (1761-81) 166

W Walter, CR3a, (1729-36) 149 Walthausen, CR4a, (1759-61) 157 Walthausen, DR6, (1761-76) 172 Weddig, CR3b, (1732-38 153 Weddig, DR6, (1738-40) 172 Wendt, DR5, (1716-48) 166 Wintzer, CR3b, (1738-42) 153 Wrede, CR3a, (1740-54) 149 Wülfingen, DR8, (1757-66) 182 Z Zepelin, CR1b, (1753-57) 138 FLAGS Infantry flags 25 GARRISON REGIMENTS 128 Alte Landmiliz 128

LB1 Celle Land Battalion 128 LB2 Calenberg Land Battalion 128 LB3 Hoya Land Battalion 128 LB4 Diepholz Land Battalion 128 LB5 Lüneburg Land Battalion 128 LB6 Grubenhagen Land Battalion 128 LB7 Göttingen Land Battalion 128

Invalid Commands 130 Bentheim 130 Bergschanze 130 Clausthal’sches Kommando 130 Hildescheimsche Kompagnie 130 Höfer Schanze 130 Lüneburgische Stadt-Kompagnie 130 Neustadt 130 Schwarzfeld’sche Besatzung 130

Garrison Battalions 131 1st Garrison Bn (1757-63-) 131 2nd Garrison Bn (1757-63) 131 3rd Garrison Bn (1757-63) 131 4th Garrison Bn (1757-63) 131

Garrison Regiments 131 1st (Hameln) Garrison Regt (1763) 131 2nd (Nienburg) Garrison Regt (1763-) 131 3rd (Stade) Garrison Regt (1763-) 131 4th (Harburg) Garrison RegT (1763-) 131

GUARD 187 Fussgarde 187 Garde Grenadiers 191 Garde du Corps 192 Grenadiers zu Pferde 196

LINE INFANTRY REGIMENTS 23 Drill 26 Grenadiers 120 Infantry Uniform 26 Regimental Identification Marks 37 A Ahlefeld, IR13a, (1760-63) 116 Alt-Zastrow, IR1b, (1756-61) 41

B Behr, IR3b, (1717-34) 55 Behr, IR7a, (1728-39) 80 Behr, IR5b, (1757-72) 69 Berward, IR9b, (1734-48) 95 Block, IR8b, (1741-64) 89 Bock. IR4a, (1758-69) 59 Borch, IR9b, (1742-52) 95 Böselager, IR7a, (1739-51) 80 Bothmer, IR3a, (1734-43) 51 Bourbon, IR12a, IR12b, IR13a, (1741-45) 110 Brunck, IR12b, (1745-63) 113

C Campen, IR7b, (1711-46) 83 Caraffa, IR6b, (1756-57) 77 Cheusses, IR11a, (1746-57) 104 Chevallerie (de la), IR11b, (1756-68) 107 Craushaar, IR4b, (1760-69) 62 d’Amproux, IR5a, (1719-38) 65

D Diepenbroick, IR8a, (1743-59) 86 Diepenbroick, IR9b, (1738-42) 95 Diepenbroick, IR13a, (1748-50) 116 Dreves, IR11a, (1757-61) 104 Druchtleben, IR6a, (1721-48) 73 Druchtleben, IR3b, (1756-59) 55

E Eimbeck, IR7a, (1719-28) 80 Estorff, IR12a, (1759-63) 110

F Fabrice, IR2b, (1752-57) 113 Fersen, IR13a, (1758-60) 116 Freudemann, IR3a, (1743-56) 51 Fusilier Bn, IR13a, (1748-59) 116

G Goldacker, IR11a, (1761-68) 104 Grote, IR8b, (1740-41) 89 Grote, IR5a, (1751-59) 65

H Halberstadt, IR13a, (1750-58) 116

~256~

Halberstadt, IR6b, (1757-61) 77 Hammerstein, IR10a, (1749-56) 98 Hardenberg, IR6a, (1748-76) 73 Hattorf, IR1a, (1750-55) 38 Hauß, IR7b, (1746-58) 83 Hodenberg, IR5b, (1747-57) 69 Hohorst, IR13a, (1745-48) 116 Hugo, IR12b, (1745) 113 Hugo, IR4b, (1746-56) 62

J Jung-Zastrow, IR9b, (1752-73) 95

K Kielmannsegge, IR12a, (1745-59) 110 Klinkowström, IR1a, (1726-34) 38 Klinkowström, IR1a, (1734-50) 38 Knesebeck, IR3a, (1756-58) 51 Krough, IR2b, (1740-52) 48

L Laffert, IR5a, (1759-62) 65 Ledebur, IR4a, (1748-58) 55 Linsingen, IR6b, (1761-76) 77 Linstow, IR7b, (1758-59) 83 Lucius, IR1b, (1714-37) 41

M Maider, IR3b, (1734-46) 55 Marschalk, IR4b, (1759-60) 62 Mauw, IR4b, (1723-33) 62 Maxuel, IR4b, (1743-46) 62 Maydell, IR5b, (1739-47) 69 Mecklenburg-Strelitz, IR10a, (1761-63) 98 Mecklenburg-Strelitz, IR8a, (1762-64) 86 Meding, IR2a, (1760-74) 44 Melville, IR2a, (1707-42) 44 Middachten, IR5a, (1738-51) 65 Monroy, IR4b, (1733-43) 62 Motte (de la), IR5a, (1762-72) 65 Münchow, IR3b, (1746-56) 55

N 1. Neues Battalion, IR10b (1758-63) 101 2. Neues Battalion, IR13b (1758-63) 118

O Oberg, IR11b, (1743-56) 107 Otten, IR1b, (1761-69) 41

P Plessen, IR7b, (1759-64) 83 Post, IR10a, (1756-61) 98

Q Quernheim, IR3a, (1727-34) 51 Ranzow, IR5b, (1724-49) 69 Reden, IR3a, (1758-63) 51 Rhoeden, IR11a, (1717-41) 104 Rhoedern, IR8a, (1759-62) 86

S Sachsen Gotha, (1751-57) 92 Sachsen-Gotha, British Pay, (1757-59) 92 Scheele, IR2b, (1757-74) 48 Scheither, IR1a, (1756-69) 38 Schilden, IR13a, (1748) 116 Schulenburg, IR11b, (1738-43) 107 Schulenburg, IR3b, (1759-63) 55 Schwaan, IR11b, (1718-38) 107 Sebo, IR6b, (1724-29) 77 Sommerfeld, IR10a, (1719-49) 98 Soubiron, IR6b, (1729-56) 77 Spörcken, IR2a, (1742-60) 44 Spörken, IR11a, (1741-42) 104 Spörken, IR8a, (1742-43) 86 Staffhorst, IR1a, (1755-56) 38 Stoltzenberg, IR4b, (1756-59) 62

V Vincke, IR2b, (1728-40) 48

W Wangenheim, IR7a, 1751-64 80 Wrangel, IR11a, (1742-46) 104 Wrangel, IR8a, (1724-42) 86 Wurmb, IR8b, (1717-40) 89 Wurmb, IR9a, (1759-73) 92

Z Zastrow, IR1b, (1737-61) 41 Zastrow, IR9b, (1720-34) 95 LIGHT TROOPS 219 Légion Britannique 212

1st Bn, Légion Britannique 214 2nd Bn, Légion Britannique 215 3rd Bn, Légion Britannique 216 4th Bn, Légion Britannique 217 5th Bn, Légion Britannique 218

Luckner Hussars 220 Schulenburg/Freytag Jägerkorps 224 Stockhausen Freikorps 227 Scheither Korps 230 SHAUMBURG-LIPPE CONTINGENT 235 Bückeburg Carabiniers 236 IR von Schaumburg-Lippe-Bückeburg 239 Schaumburg-Lippe-Bückeburg Artillery 241 Schaumburg-Lippe-Bückeburg Jäger 238