Fundamentals for Wastewater & Biogas - Brewery Opportunity

Jaime Jurado, Abita Brewing Company [email protected]

Fundamentals for Wastewater & Biogas - Brewery Opportunity

1. Direct or Pre-Treatment at ‘end of pipe’ to Municipal WWP

2. Options for craft brewery waste water beyond discharging to Municipal WWP- lagoon, lagoon with dispersion, aerobic treatment, anaerobic

3. Biogas byproduct as boiler or CHP fuel.

4. Purification of biogas for compression and explore its use as a fuel for CNG

Wednesday, October 22, 14

mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

1.6 x


A 1 acre application using rotating sprinklers placed a minimum of 100-ft from wells & 50-ft from ditches can be permitted up to 0.25 in/hr

1.6 x



25/ 0.25 =100 hrs of irrigating = 1 year evap 1.6 x



25/ 0.25 =100 hrs of irrigating = 1 year evap 1.6 x

25 in x 1 ft/12 in x 18 acre x 43,560 sq ft/acre x 7.48 gal/cu ft =12,218,580 gal/yr or 33,476 gpd


25/ 0.25 =100 hrs of irrigating = 1 year evap



So.... 10.4 straight days of watering eliminate pond contents



So.... 10.4 straight days of watering eliminate pond contents

62.4/ 0.25 = 249.6 hours... 1/week: 5-hr sprinkling


“This relationship is win-win because breweries need to get rid of the waste and we need moisture for

our piles. We can reduce their costs of wastewater processing. Added bonus: brewery waste has a small

amount of nutrient, which adds to our compost vs. only applying water.”





Dirt Hugger, Hood River, OR installed a receiving tank and pumps to handle the brewery residuals, comprised of about half brewer’s yeast that is high in BOD, and half CIP water





Dirt Hugger, Hood River, OR installed a receiving tank and pumps to handle the brewery residuals, comprised of about half brewer’s yeast that is high in BOD, and half CIP water

100 meters of windrow accommodates about 166 MT of solids and uses about 415 m³/3,550 bbls of liquid waste in 50 days.


– Data RequiredMethod Temp Hum Wind Rad Reference

Blaney-Criddle X SCS, 1967Linacre X Linacre, 1977Stewart-Rouse X X Steward & Rouse, 1976Priestly-Taylor X X Priestly & Taylor, 1972deBruin X X X deBruin, 1978Penman X X X X Jensen, 1973Kohler-Nordenson-Fox X X X X Kohler et al., 1955Kohler-Parmele X X X X Kohler and Parmele, 1967

Data Requirements of Evaporation Equations


4000 bbl/yr artisan brewery

50 ft x 157 ft = 88 days @ 12 hr/d pumping

1.6 x

11 ftWednesday, October 22, 14

Aerobic vs. Anaerobic treatment

COD + O2 -----» CO2 + H2O + aerobic biomass


Aerobic vs. Anaerobic treatment

COD -----» CO2 + CH4 + anaerobic biomass

COD + O2 -----» CO2 + H2O + aerobic biomass


Biogas yield - Anaerobic treatment

Gregor D. Zupancic, Viktor Grilc, in Management of organic wastes (Eds: S. Kumar), inTech, Rijeka, 2012.

Municipal organic waste 0.5 - 0.8 m3/Kg Municipal wastewater sludge 0.3 - 0.5Brewery Yeast 0.5 - 0.7Brewery spent grains 0.5 - 1.1Beer residual rinsings etc. 0.5 - 0.8


Retention & Organic Loading

HRT (days) = Vr / QwVr = 950,000 gal

Qw = inflow gpd

Organic Load = lbs BOD/day Vr (cu. ft)/1000

1.

2.


Brewery wastewater = biogas fuel

BOD 6000-10,000 mg/LTSS 1200-3000 mg/LpH 3-12max flow 75,000 gal/day

Remove ≈85% BOD from wastewater





Value of biogas? (data courtesy New Belgium Brewery)





Gasoline US$34/GJ basis $4/gallon CNG US$20/GJ basis $2.30/GGECHP US$13/GJ basis $0.10/kWh & 35% elec eff +40% heat effic Turbine US$10/GJboiler fuel US$7/GJ






Gasoline US$34/GJ basis $4/gallon CNG US$20/GJ basis $2.30/GGECHP US$13/GJ basis $0.10/kWh & 35% elec eff +40% heat effic Turbine US$10/GJboiler fuel US$7/GJ


If used as CNG for beer trucks...Wednesday, October 22, 14

The Biogas Family Tree

Biogas

Sulfur (& Siloxane) Removal

Full Treatment

CompressionReformingBoiler CHP

Pipeline TanksFuel Cells

Heat Power Fuel

Schematic adapted from Prog Energy Combust Sci 34 (2008) 755-781


Typical Biogas concentrationsCH4 50 – 85%

CO2 10 – 50%

N2 0 – 10%

O2 0 – 1%

H2O 0 – 5%

H2 0 – 1%

H2S 0 – 3%

– Brewery wastewater creates biogas anerobically

– If upgraded using a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) system or alternatives, biogas can serve as a direct replacement for natural gas

--CO2 is preferentially captured


Operating Data

presented originally by Neal Megonnell, BrightBlack Precision

Engineered carbons, MBAA Austin, 2012

The system is able to upgrade biogas to >99% CH4 to meet

pipeline reinjection or natural gas vehicle quality standards in the state of California

First pass CH4 yields of 85-90%

are achievable with this technology depending on the inlet CO2 concentration and

operating parameters

Any residual CH4 in the purge

gas can be used in a boiler or CHP application


Breweries can do their part...

Diesel is US$4+ a gallon, and a gallon equivalent of (purchased) natural gas ranges from US$1.90 to $3. Long-haul tractors consume approximately six miles per gallon (GE), an average rig uses ≈20,000 gallons of diesel in a year. So with savings of $2 a gallon the savings on one truck is $40,000 per year. The more you drive, the more you save...


300 mi (480 km) range on full cylinder of CNG; need for dual-fuel

Late 2014 CNG version of the Peterbilt 579 with a 123-DGE/diesel gallon equivalent back-of-cab fuel cylinder array from Quantum, with a range of 320- to 400-horsepower ratings...

Avail. Nov. 2014


Dryer skid: $30K2nd ‘Iron-Sponge’: $14KBiogas compressor: $115KTriple-cylinder manifold: $25KPLC control/programming: $20K TOTAL: $204,000

‘Boundary limits’ OOM Basis: 2000 Ton Biogas/year

“3 Tractor payback in 3 years”


Adsorbent: projected purchases - growth & losses• t = 0, P(0) = 300

• 300 Kg/yr with loss 1/15 Total/yr

• P(t) » Kg purchased @ time t

• dP(t)/dt = net rate of change of inventory

• P(t) = (4500 Kg) (1 - e )-t/(15)(yrs)

as t ≈ ∞ P(t) ≈ 4500

Budget: $31,200/yr for Adsorbent

PVDC-Based Carbon

Annual consumable: polymer-based carbon


Thank you!


Fundamentals for Wastewater & Biogas - Brewery Opportunity

Documents

Transcript of Fundamentals for Wastewater & Biogas - Brewery Opportunity