Forest Health MonitoringProgram Highlights

Borys M. TkaczNational Program Manager

Borys M. TkaczBorys M. TkaczNational Program ManagerNational Program Manager

2006 Program Highlights

• Management Team• Detection Monitoring• Evaluation Monitoring• Research on Monitoring Techniques• Fertile Ground• FHM Review

•• Management TeamManagement Team•• Detection MonitoringDetection Monitoring•• Evaluation MonitoringEvaluation Monitoring•• Research on Monitoring TechniquesResearch on Monitoring Techniques•• Fertile GroundFertile Ground•• FHM ReviewFHM Review

• Chair – National Program Manager- Borys Tkacz

• FHP Rep. for each FHM Region– NE – Jim Steinman– NC – Manfred Mielke– SO – Jim Brown– INT –Jeri Lyn Harris– WC – Alison Nelson

• State Rep. for each FHM Region– NE – Charlie Burnham, MA– NC – Dave Heinzen, MN– SO – Ed Barnard, FL– INT – Tom DeGomez, AZ– W – Roger Burnside, AK

•• Chair Chair –– National Program ManagerNational Program Manager-- Borys TkaczBorys Tkacz

•• FHP Rep. for each FHM RegionFHP Rep. for each FHM Region–– NE NE –– Jim SteinmanJim Steinman–– NC NC –– Manfred MielkeManfred Mielke–– SO SO –– Jim BrownJim Brown–– INT INT ––Jeri Lyn HarrisJeri Lyn Harris–– WC WC –– Alison NelsonAlison Nelson

•• State Rep. for each FHM RegionState Rep. for each FHM Region–– NE NE –– Charlie Burnham, MACharlie Burnham, MA–– NC NC –– Dave Dave HeinzenHeinzen, MN, MN–– SO SO –– Ed Barnard, FLEd Barnard, FL–– INT INT –– Tom Tom DeGomezDeGomez, AZ, AZ–– W W –– Roger Burnside, AKRoger Burnside, AK

• FIA National Program Leader – Greg Reams

• FHM National Research Team – Bill Bechtold

• NFS EMC Rep. – Doug Powell

• FHTET – Frank Sapio• R&D VMPR Rep.- Vacant

•• FIA National Program FIA National Program Leader Leader –– Greg ReamsGreg Reams

•• FHM National Research FHM National Research Team Team –– Bill Bill BechtoldBechtold

•• NFS EMC Rep. NFS EMC Rep. –– Doug Doug PowellPowell

•• FHTET FHTET –– Frank Frank SapioSapio•• R&D VMPR Rep.R&D VMPR Rep.-- VacantVacant

FHM Management Team

Detection Monitoring

Purpose of Detection Monitoring

• Establishes baseline conditions for analysis of future changes & trends

• Identifies location & extent of areas with forest injury or mortality

• Triggers suppression or evaluation monitoring actions

Purpose of Detection MonitoringPurpose of Detection Monitoring

•• Establishes baseline conditions for analysis Establishes baseline conditions for analysis of future changes & trendsof future changes & trends

•• Identifies location & extent Identifies location & extent of areas with forest injury of areas with forest injury or mortalityor mortality

•• Triggers suppression or Triggers suppression or evaluation monitoring evaluation monitoring actionsactions

ImplementedImplemented Not ImplementedNot Implemented

Current annualized FIA statusCurrent annualized FIA status

Detection Monitoring

• Aerial surveys – detect visible damage to tree crowns from insects, diseases, and weather; may be conducted annually or seasonally based on local needs

•• Aerial surveys Aerial surveys –– detect visible damage to detect visible damage to tree crowns from insects, diseases, and tree crowns from insects, diseases, and weather; may be conducted annually or weather; may be conducted annually or seasonally based on local needsseasonally based on local needs

2005 Aerial Survey Results

Detection Monitoring

• Special detection surveys –monitor spread of damage agents such as invasive exotic species

○ Phytophthora ramorum (SOD) National Detection Survey

- SOD risk map- Detection protocols

for field surveys- Stream bating

•• Special detection surveys Special detection surveys ––monitor spread of damage monitor spread of damage agents such as invasive agents such as invasive exotic speciesexotic species

○ ○ Phytophthora ramorum Phytophthora ramorum (SOD) (SOD) National Detection SurveyNational Detection Survey

-- SOD risk mapSOD risk map-- Detection protocols Detection protocols

for field surveysfor field surveys-- Stream batingStream bating

Special Detection Surveys

Red Bay mortality –exotic ambrosia beetle Xyleborus glabratusvectoring Ophiostomasp. in Southeastern coastal states, killing red bay, sassafras, and other Lauraceae

Red Bay mortality Red Bay mortality ––exotic ambrosia beetle exotic ambrosia beetle XyleborusXyleborus glabratusglabratusvectoring vectoring OphiostomaOphiostomasp.sp. in Southeastern in Southeastern coastal states, killing coastal states, killing red bay, sassafras, red bay, sassafras, and other and other LauraceaeLauraceae

Detection Monitoring

• Special detection surveys

Ohia rust – a new race of Puccinia psidiaffecting Ohia, Hawaii's most common forest tree

•• Special detection surveys Special detection surveys

OhiaOhia rust rust –– a new race of a new race of PucciniaPuccinia psidipsidiaffecting affecting OhiaOhia, Hawaii's most common , Hawaii's most common forest treeforest tree

Evaluation Monitoring Projects 2007

BASE– Mountain Pine Beetle - INT– Wolves and Aspen Decline in AZ –

INT– Limber Pine Health – INT– Aspen Mortality in Rockies – INT– Balsam Wooly Adelgid in ID – INT– Spruce Beetle - INT– Black Ash Decline – NC– White Ash Decline – NC– Hickory Decline - NC– Crown dieback of white cedar - NE– Interfering Shrub Species – NE– Beech Bark Disease on ANF - NE– Drought Impact - SO– Oak Decline – SO– Yellow Cedar Decline in AK – WC– Lichens and Nitric Acid in CA – WC– Balsam Wooly Adelgid in Eastside OR

and WA - WC

BASEBASE–– Mountain Pine Beetle Mountain Pine Beetle -- INTINT–– Wolves and Aspen Decline in AZ Wolves and Aspen Decline in AZ ––

INTINT–– Limber Pine Health Limber Pine Health –– INTINT–– Aspen Mortality in Rockies Aspen Mortality in Rockies –– INTINT–– Balsam Wooly Balsam Wooly AdelgidAdelgid in ID in ID –– INTINT–– Spruce Beetle Spruce Beetle -- INTINT–– Black Ash Decline Black Ash Decline –– NCNC–– White Ash Decline White Ash Decline –– NCNC–– Hickory Decline Hickory Decline -- NCNC–– Crown dieback of white cedar Crown dieback of white cedar -- NENE–– Interfering Shrub Species Interfering Shrub Species –– NENE–– Beech Bark Disease on ANF Beech Bark Disease on ANF -- NENE–– Drought Impact Drought Impact -- SOSO–– Oak Decline Oak Decline –– SOSO–– Yellow Cedar Decline in AK Yellow Cedar Decline in AK –– WCWC–– Lichens and Nitric Acid in CA Lichens and Nitric Acid in CA –– WCWC–– Balsam Wooly Balsam Wooly AdelgidAdelgid in Eastside OR in Eastside OR

and WA and WA -- WCWC

FIRE PLAN• Whitebark Pine Regeneration after

Fire - INT• Aspen Decline– INT• Fire implications of mountain pine

beetle in LPP – INT• Tree deterioration after fires – INT• Bark beetles and fuel loading – INT• Fire and Ponderosa Pine beetles – INT• Fire spread and intensity – INT• Mercury in forest floor - NC• Fire and oaks in IA and MO – NC• Invasive plants in southern

Appalachians – SO• Fuel characteristics in southern

Appalachians - SO• Estimating snags with aerial survey

data – WC• Ecological impacts of invasive species

after fire - WC

FIRE PLANFIRE PLAN•• Whitebark Pine Regeneration after Whitebark Pine Regeneration after

Fire Fire -- INTINT•• Aspen DeclineAspen Decline–– INTINT•• Fire implications of mountain pine Fire implications of mountain pine

beetle in LPP beetle in LPP –– INTINT•• Tree deterioration after fires Tree deterioration after fires –– INTINT•• Bark beetles and fuel loading Bark beetles and fuel loading –– INTINT•• Fire and Ponderosa Pine beetles Fire and Ponderosa Pine beetles –– INTINT•• Fire spread and intensity Fire spread and intensity –– INTINT•• Mercury in forest floor Mercury in forest floor -- NCNC•• Fire and oaks in IA and MO Fire and oaks in IA and MO –– NCNC•• Invasive plants in southern Invasive plants in southern

Appalachians Appalachians –– SOSO•• Fuel characteristics in southern Fuel characteristics in southern

Appalachians Appalachians -- SOSO•• Estimating snags with aerial survey Estimating snags with aerial survey

data data –– WCWC•• Ecological impacts of invasive speciesEcological impacts of invasive species

after fire after fire -- WCWC

Urban Forest Health Monitoring

• Urban Forest Inventory – Extend FIA sampling grid into urban

areas– Pilots conducted in NJ, IN, WI, TN,

CO

• Statewide Street tree assessments– Modify sampling to characterize

trees along public streets– Pilots conducted in MD, MA

• Draft National Implementation Plan developed by U&CF

• 2006 –FIA Urban Task Team working on logistical issues –PDA, Manuals, Training

•• Urban Forest Inventory Urban Forest Inventory –– Extend FIA sampling grid into urban Extend FIA sampling grid into urban

areasareas–– Pilots conducted in NJ, IN, WI, TN, Pilots conducted in NJ, IN, WI, TN,

COCO

•• Statewide Street tree Statewide Street tree assessmentsassessments–– Modify sampling to characterize Modify sampling to characterize

trees along public streetstrees along public streets–– Pilots conducted in MD, MAPilots conducted in MD, MA

•• Draft National Implementation Draft National Implementation Plan developed by U&CFPlan developed by U&CF

•• 2006 2006 ––FIA Urban Task Team FIA Urban Task Team working on logistical issues working on logistical issues ––PDA, Manuals, TrainingPDA, Manuals, Training

Reporting Highlights

• National Reports– FHM National Technical

Reports • 2004 published• 2005 in press

• State Reports– Forest Health Highlights– FHM sections in FIA Reports

• FHM Website –http://fhm.fs.fed.us

•• National ReportsNational Reports–– FHM National Technical FHM National Technical

Reports Reports •• 2004 published2004 published•• 2005 in press2005 in press

•• State ReportsState Reports–– Forest Health HighlightsForest Health Highlights–– FHM sections in FIA ReportsFHM sections in FIA Reports

•• FHM Website FHM Website ––http://fhm.fs.fed.ushttp://fhm.fs.fed.us

National Insect and DiseaseRisk Map

Fertile Ground for FHM

• Standardize detection methods

• Synthesize lessons learned from EM

• Validate risk assessments• Develop new techniques and

technologies

•• Standardize detection Standardize detection methodsmethods

•• Synthesize lessons learned Synthesize lessons learned from EMfrom EM

•• Validate risk assessmentsValidate risk assessments•• Develop new techniques and Develop new techniques and

technologiestechnologies

SapioSapio, , HeinzenHeinzen, and Nelson, and Nelson

Fertile Ground for FHM

• Standardize Detection Methods Nationally

– New invasives – from on-plot or off-plot, use of Risk Map, Evaluation Monitoring products

– Cryptic organisms• No signs or subtle symptoms

– Programmatic, standardized approach for urban communities

– Standardized approach for off-plot ground surveys

– Develop ADS collection and ground truth standards

– Utilize risk maps in survey methodology

•• Standardize Detection Methods Standardize Detection Methods NationallyNationally

–– New New invasivesinvasives –– from onfrom on--plot or offplot or off--plot, use plot, use of Risk Map, Evaluation Monitoring productsof Risk Map, Evaluation Monitoring products

–– Cryptic organismsCryptic organisms•• No signs or subtle symptomsNo signs or subtle symptoms

–– Programmatic, standardized approach for Programmatic, standardized approach for urban communitiesurban communities

–– Standardized approach for offStandardized approach for off--plot ground plot ground surveyssurveys

–– Develop ADS collection and ground truth Develop ADS collection and ground truth standardsstandards

–– Utilize risk maps in survey methodologyUtilize risk maps in survey methodology

Extract Value and Direction from Past Investments

• Synthesize and Report Lessons Learned from Evaluation Monitoring– Evaluation Monitoring

Portfolio• How many Projects• Project characteristics• How many Dollars • Summarize value gained• Develop New Focus Areas

– Feedback loop

•• Synthesize and Report Synthesize and Report Lessons Learned from Lessons Learned from Evaluation MonitoringEvaluation Monitoring–– Evaluation Monitoring Evaluation Monitoring

PortfolioPortfolio•• How many ProjectsHow many Projects•• Project characteristicsProject characteristics•• How many Dollars How many Dollars •• Summarize value gainedSummarize value gained•• Develop New Focus AreasDevelop New Focus Areas

–– Feedback loopFeedback loop

2006 EM Projects by Cooperators

State & Other14%

USFS Region

32%

USFS Research

23%University

31%

2006 EM Projects by Cooperators

State & Other14%

USFS Region

32%

USFS Research

23%University

31%

EM Project Funding

0200400600800

10001200140016001800

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Year

BaseFire

EM Project Funding

0200400600800

10001200140016001800

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Year

BaseFire

FHM Assessments and Projections How good are they?

• Validate FHM and Partners’ Risk Assessments (Maps and Models)– Insect and Disease Risk Map

• Plots?• Aerial Survey

– Air pollution• Look at FIA data, Evaluation Monitoring and compare

with models

– Climate change• Look at FIA, Aerial Survey data and compare with

models

• Report and Refine Assessments

•• Validate FHM and Partners’ Risk Validate FHM and Partners’ Risk Assessments (Maps and Models)Assessments (Maps and Models)–– Insect and Disease Risk MapInsect and Disease Risk Map

•• Plots?Plots?•• Aerial SurveyAerial Survey

–– Air pollutionAir pollution•• Look at FIA data, Evaluation Monitoring and compare Look at FIA data, Evaluation Monitoring and compare

with modelswith models

–– Climate changeClimate change•• Look at FIA, Aerial Survey data and compare with Look at FIA, Aerial Survey data and compare with

modelsmodels

•• Report and Refine AssessmentsReport and Refine Assessments

Continue Product Line Development

• Develop – Enhanced I&D Risk Map(s)

• Lessons, New Tools, Better Base Data on the Way– Need to coordinate Individual Model Development

• Invasive Plant Risk Maps– New Diagnostic Techniques

• Molecular – Bench Top and Field

– Early Detection Technology for Cryptic Organisms– Develop National Surveillance Program for Invasives in

Urban Communities• The “Forest” as a Continuum• Coordinate with Partners• Standardize Data, Data Storage and Field Methods

•• Develop Develop –– Enhanced I&D Risk Enhanced I&D Risk Map(sMap(s))

•• Lessons, New Tools, Better Base Data on the WayLessons, New Tools, Better Base Data on the Way–– Need to coordinate Individual Model DevelopmentNeed to coordinate Individual Model Development

•• Invasive Plant Risk MapsInvasive Plant Risk Maps–– New Diagnostic TechniquesNew Diagnostic Techniques

•• Molecular Molecular –– Bench Top and FieldBench Top and Field

–– Early Detection Technology for Cryptic OrganismsEarly Detection Technology for Cryptic Organisms–– Develop National Surveillance Program for Invasives in Develop National Surveillance Program for Invasives in

Urban CommunitiesUrban Communities•• The “Forest” as a ContinuumThe “Forest” as a Continuum•• Coordinate with PartnersCoordinate with Partners•• Standardize Data, Data Storage and Field MethodsStandardize Data, Data Storage and Field Methods

Implement Product Line

• Implement Developments – Enhanced Risk Maps– New Diagnostic Techniques– Early Detection Technology for Cryptic

Organisms– National Surveillance Program for Invasives in

Urban Communities

•• Implement Developments Implement Developments –– Enhanced Risk MapsEnhanced Risk Maps–– New Diagnostic TechniquesNew Diagnostic Techniques–– Early Detection Technology for Cryptic Early Detection Technology for Cryptic

OrganismsOrganisms–– National Surveillance Program for Invasives in National Surveillance Program for Invasives in

Urban CommunitiesUrban Communities

Challenges

• Complete Geographic Representation

• Focused Involvement• Need Broader Research

Involvement• More Partnerships, More

Cooperation• Lack of Adequate Resources

– Rain

•• Complete Geographic Complete Geographic RepresentationRepresentation

•• Focused InvolvementFocused Involvement•• Need Broader Research Need Broader Research

InvolvementInvolvement•• More Partnerships, More More Partnerships, More

CooperationCooperation•• Lack of Adequate ResourcesLack of Adequate Resources

–– RainRain

Forest Health MonitoringProgram Review

Arlington, VAOctober 31- November 2, 2006

Steve PattersonDeputy Director, SPF

Alaska Region

Steve PattersonSteve PattersonDeputy Director, SPFDeputy Director, SPF

Alaska RegionAlaska Region