Density-dependent habitat selection between maize cropfields and their borders in two rodent species...

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Research article Density-dependent habitat selection between maize crop®elds and their borders in two rodent species (Akodon azarae and Calomys laucha) of Pampean agroecosystems KARINA HODARA 1 *, MARI  A BUSCH 1,3 , MARCELO J. KITTLEIN 2 and FERNANDO O. KRAVETZ 1,3 1 Departamento de Ciencias Biolo Âgicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pab. II, 4° Piso, (C1428EHA) Buenos Aires, Argentina; 2 Departamento de BiologõÂa, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata CC 1245 (7600) Mar del Plata, Argentina; 3 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientõ®cas y TeÂcnicas (*author for correspondence, fax: 1145763384; e-mail: [email protected]) Received 7 July 1999; accepted 4 January 2001 Co-ordinating editor: N. Chr. Stenseth Abstract. We studied habitat preferences and intra and interspeci®c density-dependent eects on habitat selection by Akodon azarae and Calomys laucha between maize ®elds and their adjacent borders, during dierent developmental stages of the crop. Akodon azarae detected quantitative dierences between habitats, using preferentially borders throughout the year, while C. laucha perceived borders and crop®elds as quantitatively similar during spring and summer and it detected borders as quantitatively better at the high density period (autumn and winter). These results support the prediction of dierential habitat preferences as a model of community organisation at the low density period, while they are consistent with shared habitat preferences during autumn and winter when both species apparently coexist in the better habitat (border). Akodon azarae showed intraspeci®c density-dependent habitat selection throughout the year, except in spring, while habitat selection by C. laucha was density-dependent in spring, autumn and winter. The eect of interspeci®c density on habitat selection was detected in both habitats and changed seasonally. The eect of A. azarae over C. laucha by resources exploitation was detected in borders, while com- petitive eects of C. laucha over A. azarae was observed within crop®elds. Both species were more aected by exploitation competition than interference, which was more common in borders than in maize ®elds. We conclude that seasonally have a profound eect in habitat selection of these species because it changes the intensity of intra and interspeci®c competition and aects dierent habitat preferences and basic suitability of habitats. Key words: agroecosystems, density-dependence, habitat selection, preferences, rodents Introduction Dierential habitat selection is one of the principal processes that aects population spatial distributions and diminishes the eect of interspeci®c in- teractions (Rosenzweig, 1981; Morris, 1987a). Habitat selection has been Evolutionary Ecology 14: 571±593, 2000. Ó 2001 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Printed in the Netherlands.

Transcript of Density-dependent habitat selection between maize cropfields and their borders in two rodent species...

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