ASON GMPLS Intelligent Optical Transport TWP

T E C H N O L O G Y W H I T E P A P E R

Service providers are evolving their networks to meet the challenge of deploying new

revenue-generating services, driven by mobile and Web 2.0 applications, while containing

operating costs. These new services demand high-bandwidth, always-on reliability, fast

time-to-market and high quality of service. ASON/GMPLS is a key component for building

networks to meet this challenge. The ASON/GMPLS control plane coordinates the

operations and provisioning of multilayer networks that provide the capacity and scale

to support new innovative services while optimizing network resources. This gives service

providers the ability to build and manage networks efficiently, control operating costs,

and support emerging traffic demands.

ASON/GMPLS Control Plane: Intelligent Optical Transport

Table of contents

1 Whyintelligenttransport?

1 TheASON/GMPLScontrolplane

2 Standards

2 Coordinating and converging network layers

3 Operational automation

4 Survivability and photonic restoration

6 ApplicationsofASON/GMPLS

6 Scaling IP backbone networks – IP offloading

7 On-demand services

7 Operations support system simplification

8 BenefitsofASON/GMPLS

8 Speed to service

8 Monetizing the network

8 Network scale and resiliency

8 CAPEX and OPEX savings

9 Alcatel-Lucentleadership

9 Broad, field-proven portfolio

9 Influencing key standards

10 Technological innovation

10 Network transformation solutions

10 Conclusion

11 Abbreviations

ASON/GMPLS Control Plane: Intelligent Optical Transport | Technology White Paper 1

Why intelligent transport?

The volume of Internet traffic on service provider networks continues to increase dramatically, creating what many are calling the “exaflood” phenomenon. This explosive growth is driven by a broad range of bandwidth-intensive applications, including video and interactive multimedia such as social networking. New services and business models are creating exciting opportunities. However, these new applications are demanding more rigorous network performance: higher reliability, lower and more deterministic delays, more bandwidth, always-on services, and the ability to maintain stringent quality of service (QoS). These demands are putting pressure on profitability as traffic increases while revenues fail to grow proportionally.

Until now, service providers implemented services on separate, dedicated platforms, such as IP or Ethernet, and relied on underlying optical networks for transport. If service providers simply add capacity to all layers of the network to meet traffic demand, capital expenditures (CAPEX) grow rapidly in proportion to traffic while revenues grow slowly and profit margins decline. To respond to the increasing demand for bandwidth and the pressures to reduce expenditures, service providers must converge traditional network layers to create a more tightly coupled network that supports a variety of services.

Service providers need intelligent transport that uses bandwidth more efficiently and maintains performance and service quality. Capacity and performance gains are needed from the network edge to the core transport. Different technologies and equipment at different network layers need common approaches to assure graceful scaling and operations. Administration and management needs to be simplified — increased automation and simplified operations are critical. A control plane that can interwork between technologies, provide reliability and resiliency, and scale to meet increasing bandwidth demands is a key component in Alcatel-Lucent’s High Leverage NetworkTM architecture to answer the challenge of the traffic exaflood.

The ASON/GMPLS control plane

The Automatically Switched Optical Network/Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching (ASON/GMPLS) control plane allows carriers to move from centralized to distributed control across metro, regional and long-haul networks. It operates over a multivendor and multi-operator environment and across technologies, including IP, Ethernet and optical networks.

Simply stated, ASON/GMPLS dynamically sets up connections across an optical transport network. GMPLS leverages the widely deployed MPLS protocols that are “generalized” for transport of traffic through optical network connections such as circuits, paths or lambdas. The ASON/GMPLS control plane performs key operations, including resource discovery for links, nodes, topology and services; flow-through service provisioning; end-to-end connection routing for optimal resource utilization; and service rerouting and restoration around network failures.

ASON/GMPLS operates across network and technology layers. At the service layer, ASON/GMPLS-enabled IP routers or Ethernet switches can use GMPLS to communicate their service and connectivity needs over a user network interface (UNI) to request optical connection services from the underlying transport layer. The transport layer itself can be a combination of optical networking technologies such as SDH/SONET and optical transport network (OTN). ASON/GMPLS capabilities enable the optical network to optimally groom and route traffic, leveraging highly granular SDH/SONET switching, opto-electronic OTN switching for an agile sub-lambda layer, and photonic OTN switching for large amounts of transit traffic with lambda-level volume. The intelligent ASON/GMPLS control plane thereby allows integration from the service layer to the photonic layer, enabling survivable, automated and power-efficient networks that transport traffic at the lowest cost per bit.

ASON/GMPLS Control Plane: Intelligent Optical Transport | Technology or Research or Strategic White Paper2

StandardsThe creation and evolution of the ASON/GMPLS control plane is a collaborative effort among several standards bodies and industry players.

The ITU-T has defined the ASON suite of Recommendations, which focuses on transport control plane requirements, architecture and management. The ITU-T brings expertise in multidomain, multilayer transport network and equipment architecture, operations and

forwarding plane specifications.

The protocols used for GMPLS have been defined by the IETF as a generalization or extension of Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) for applicability to optical switching. The foundation for GMPLS standards matured in the early to mid

2000s and is supported by vendors across a broad segment of service and transport products. The IETF brings expertise in packet networks and Internet evolution to the ASON/GMPLS collaboration, and focuses on defining protocols for signaling and routing.

The IETF and ITU-T continue to work together in expanding and refining GMPLS standards. Areas of current interest include support for G.709 signaling extensions to support OTN multiplexing scenarios and offer scalable solutions for the increased flexibility of evolved OTN and multi-regional/multi-layer network (MRN/MLN) capabilities in order to facilitate network optimization and resilience.

The Optical Interworking Forum (OIF) promotes the development and deployment of interoperable networking solutions. Its focus is on

creating implementation agreements (IAs) based on requirements developed by the end-user, service provider and equipment-vendor communities. Key activities for IA development are benchmark creation and periodic interoperability testing using multivendor networks that connect service provider labs globally.

CoordinatingandconvergingnetworklayersThe GMPLS control plane offers simplified, efficient and scalable transport by coordinating and converging network layers. Each network layer can create a traffic bottleneck, and proprietary provisioning and management is often required in order to operate between the layers. Automated coordination of the layers allows the network to adapt to rapid changes in traffic flows with increased efficiency and resiliency, transporting traffic at the lowest cost per bit (see Figure 1).


Figure 1. ASON/GMPLS helps coordinate and converge network layers

OperationalautomationGMPLS can be used to dynamically establish and protect optical transport network connections. This creates automated and simplified procedures for operating an optical transport network and interworking with service layers. GMPLS can dynamically modify bandwidth allocation according to requirements from the transported services without the intervention of a network management system. Intelligent, automated service provisioning across the most economical resources in the network optimizes network resource usage and power consumption.

The ASON/GMPLS intelligent optical core provides auto-discovery: the network nodes detect and recognize each other without additional provisioning actions. Auto-discovery mechanisms of the ASON/GMPLS control plane reduce the number of tedious and error-prone manual installation and commissioning processes. This enables neighboring network elements to determine each other’s identity, how their respective ports are mapped to each other, and negotiate the services that will be supported across the transport entities interconnecting them. The connectivity information derived from discovery is crucial to build an accurate network topology database used for computing the path for a connection.

IP router

Service layerEthernet

Transport layerSDH/SONET

DWDM


While the control plane can simplify and coordinate the operations between network layers, it is not designed to replace the management systems, more generally called the management plane, for networks. Functions that are best handled at the management plane, such as customer provisioning, billing and fault correlation, are outside the scope of the GMPLS control plane. The key is to exploit the capabilities of GMPLS to off-load and automate tasks that were traditionally in the management plane, such as resource discovery, tracking network topology, path computation, and protection and recovery. A well designed and managed GMPLS control plane implementation can simplify network operations.

Automated operations assure fast, precise configuration of new network components to provide innovative bandwidth-on-demand services. These capabilities are also critical for exploiting sophisticated algorithms that provide priority-based protection and restoration mechanisms to ensure service continuity for critical, high-value traffic under complex, multilink failure scenarios.

SurvivabilityandphotonicrestorationTraditional transport networks based on SDH/SONET are generally ring oriented and rely on in-band failure detection and recovery. These ring-based, in-band mechanisms are highly reliable with a maximum 50-msec fault recovery guarantee. However, this requires path protection with 1+1 redundancy for critical traffic, so service providers need to reserve up to 50 percent of their network capacity for full service restoration. In the era of plentiful fiber network build-outs, 1+1 standby redundancy was feasible. In the developing exaflood traffic scenario, such bandwidth reserves cannot be maintained.

The GMPLS control plane can be used to support an alternate approach. Rather than reserving dedicated paths for each connection, GMPLS can compute and configure restoration routes around network failures using a shared pool of excess capacity. There are three important characteristics of this approach:

• Networks can now effectively use meshed connectivity

• Traffic can be protected from multiple network failures

• Fewer network resources are necessary to assure resilience

A mesh topology is inherently more redundant than a ring topology because nodes are connected to multiple neighboring nodes, so there can be several available paths for traffic if a failure occurs. A well designed GMPLS implementation can take full advantage of the meshed topology by discovering optimal paths through the network under failure scenarios.

With a GMPLS-enabled approach, excess bandwidth does not need to be reserved on a 1+1 basis; instead, connections can draw from a shared pool of excess capacity for recovery. This allows service providers to more fully utilize their network for revenue-producing traffic rather than reserving an excessive amount of bandwidth for restoration.

Service robustness is maintained using traffic-ready protection paths and restoration using dynamically computed alternate paths over shared network resources. GMPLS must be augmented with algorithmic solutions that determine traffic-ready protection paths which guarantee 50-msec recovery to cover an initial failure. After a failure, traffic switches to the protection path, and a subsequent path can be dynamically computed to guard against additional failures. Figure 2 shows how protection and restoration combined maintain service level agreements (SLAs) against multiple failures more effectively than an approach based on protections paths or dynamic restoration alone.


Figure 2. Differentiated SLA assurance with GMPLS restoration strategies

Providing protection and restoration at the high-volume wave division multiplexing (WDM) photonic layer is a technological challenge. While 50-msec restoration is the clear service goal, photonic restoration has faced barriers to guaranteeing such performance. Fortunately, GMPLS can be coupled with innovative algorithms for wavelength routing and assignment and optical path feasibility to overcome these hurdles. This combination of the control plane and photonics analysis offers the capability to find an alternate traffic path in real time, independent of unpredictable starting conditions inherent in the WDM photonic layer. In this manner, efficient, sub-50-msec photonic restoration becomes feasible. As in the case of higher layer optics network restoration, resources at wavelength levels are efficiently shared, and the network can revert to its initial connectivity when a failure is repaired.

GMPLS leverages robust and highly deployed traffic engineering protocols, such as Open Shortest Path First with Traffic Engineering extension (OSPF-TE) and Resource Reservation Protocol with Traffic Engineering Extension (RSVP-TE). These protocols exchange topology and reachability information between network elements (NEs), and assure that traffic can be rerouted while maintaining QoS.

GMPLS-enabled mesh-based restoration can also relax requirements for mean time to repair (MTTR) to maintain service, easing pressures on operators. After a single failure, the service is still protected. Failures do not need to be fixed immediately, so maintenance activities can be scheduled with other operational activities, making operations more efficient and less costly. As a result, spare equipment inventory and maintenance centers can be more centralized than with traditional networks.

GMPLS failure recovery enables more flexible recovery for network failures than traditional ring networks. While ring topologies will continue to play a role in feeder networks, mesh topologies are critical to the high-volume core. GMPLS augmented with routing and optical feasibility algorithms can provide robustness at the photonic network layer for highly efficient and cost-effective core transport. A network with a well designed GMPLS implementation can protect services against multiple failures, use fewer network resources, maintain service levels and reduce the amount of required maintenance activities.

Protection andrestoration combined

No faulttolerance

>50 msR

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tim

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<50 ms

Protection

1 2 3 4

Dynamicrestoration

Unprotected

Number of simultaneous failures

SLA

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Applications of ASON/GMPLSScalingIPbackbonenetworks–IPoffloadingNew video and mobility applications are continually demanding more bandwidth. Web 2.0 applications have created new computing and networking models, such as cloud computing, that are predicated on flexible, high-capacity transport. New applications can become “overnight successes”, making it impossible for their creators to forecast or plan for network expansions. More applications and users require bandwidth on demand, and service providers are scrambling to supply it.

To keep pace with this growing number of applications, service providers must scale their IP backbone. As traffic grows, simply adding capacity to core routers and to the underlying optical transport network becomes inefficient because CAPEX grows rapidly in proportion to traffic. However, revenues grow slowly and profit margins decline. GMPLS offers a more efficient and cost-effective way to scale IP networks through “IP offloading”.

Today, traffic generally traverses the IP network through a series of core routers connected by an underlying optical transport network. Traffic flows from router to router, consuming router and transport resources at each hop (see Figure 3). With IP offloading, traffic flows can be selectively identified and handled at the lowest possible layer of the GMPLS optical transport network. This approach minimizes transit traffic through the core router network, eliminating unnecessary consumption of network resources and transporting traffic at the lowest cost per bit. Options available at the transport layer include traditional opto/electrical SDH/SONET transport and higher capacity OTN with its combination of sub-lambda grooming capabilities and lambda-level photonic switching.

Figure 3. IP offloading yields network efficiency for selected traffic flows

Large-scale, terabit switch-based transport OTN backbones with ASON/GMPLS intelligence support the huge traffic growth for scaling IP networks in a cost-controlled manner. They offer capacity and flexibility for scalable and sustainable delivery of next-generation IP services at the lowest cost per bit.

Service edge

Status quo – today’s core routing

Core router Core router Core router Service edge

Service edge

IP offloading – efficient traffic support

Service layer

Transport layer

Service layer

Transport layer

Core router Core router Core router Service edge


On-demandservicesGMPLS-enabled provisioning can power bandwidth-on-demand services and flexible scheduling for peak traffic. Connections can be set up dynamically to offer services in near real time over a UNI for end-customer services or over an external network-to-network interface (E-NNI) for wholesale services.

On-demand service is ideal for service providers offering cloud computing, where application providers lease network and server capacity for applications services. The application provider offers end-user services without investing in the network or computing infrastructure or in the expertise required to deploy and manage large networks. The network provider sells networking and hosting as a subscription service or on a per-usage basis. This allows the network provider to service multiple tenants and increase usage rates.

Event promotion is a typical application. A concert promoter can outsource hosting for ticket sales and related applications to a cloud computing provider. While the central application is ticket sales, the promoter could use a Web 2.0 approach to offer video clips, social networking and other applications to drive related sales. If these applications are successful, network usage could spike with spin-off sales and live or recorded video feeds leading up to and even after the event. The event becomes a much richer business proposition than simply ticket sales, and GMPLS-enabled bandwidth on demand allows all players to reap higher rewards.

Related applications are scheduled connections for high-bandwidth demands, such as data center backups and in-service dynamic bandwidth adjustments for always-on traffic flows with variable peaks that require extra capacity.

On-demand services make it possible for network providers to fulfill a short-term requirement for a large amount of bandwidth. GMPLS plays a key role in enabling innovative solutions such as cloud computing to adapt to changing market conditions and business models.

OperationssupportsystemsimplificationGMPLS capabilities provide powerful mechanisms to ease network operations. While these “applications” are not visible to customers and end users, they provide a level of flexibility and automation that enrich and lend competitiveness to services. These applications fit under the broad heading of operations support system (OSS) simplification.

OSSs consist of back-office applications, network management systems (NMSs) and methods and procedures (M&Ps) necessary to perform all the activities to operate the network and its services. As noted earlier, GMPLS operates in the control plane of the network. Its protocols are designed to automate and simplify tasks formerly performed, often manually, using NMSs. The GMPLS control plane assumes capabilities from the NMS management plane, simplifying the overall OSS structure.

Examples of OSS simplification include network auto-discovery and inventory, automated provisioning and bandwidth defragmentation. Service providers are well aware of the importance and cost of keeping an up-to-date inventory of network components such as nodes, links and virtual connections. Rather than rely on labor-intensive M&Ps using NMSs, GMPLS can more fully automate this process to create accurate, timely inventories. Automated network and service provisioning is driven by the information gained by GMPLS auto-discovery. New network resources, links and nodes can be added automatically to the pool of resources over which services can be provisioned automatically. Bandwidth defragmentation is also a familiar issue to transport network operators. SDH/SONET and optical transport hierarchy (OTH) links can develop time-slot gaps and require periodic regrooming. Traditional defragmentation tools can be inefficient and time consuming. GMPLS can automate this process to groom and optimize the usable capacity of network links.


An effective GMPLS implementation coordinates activities between the NMSs and the control plane. Tasks such as customer provisioning and billing remain with the NMS while real-time activities are automated by the ASON/GMPLS control plane. Value-added applications to compliment the GMPLS control plane protocols can further enhance operational savings. GMPLS-enabled OSS simplification reduces manual effort and optimizes network utilization. This allows service providers to maintain network control while simplifying OSSs through the network planning, deployment and management cycle.

Benefits of ASON/GMPLS

The GMPLS control plane gives service providers the scalability and flexibility to operate networks cost effectively, and uses bandwidth more efficiently; this allows them to take advantage of new revenue-generating opportunities that Web 2.0 applications and new business models offer.

SpeedtoserviceThe GMPLS control plane offers speed to service for today’s Internet applications that are characterized by growing yet unpredictable traffic demands. Speed and flexibility are essential for service providers to take full advantage of the opportunities that Web 2.0 applications offer. This speed to service applies to bringing new customers and services to the market as well as to adjusting parameters, such as bandwidth, for existing services.

MonetizingthenetworkThe GMPLS control plane improves efficiency of network elements and bandwidth usage, so service providers can use more transport bandwidth for revenue-generating traffic with less bandwidth reserved for failure recovery. The mesh topology improves redundancy; GMPLS-enabled enhanced mesh protection schemes draw from a shared pool of network resources to maintain reliability objectives more efficiently and economically than traditional 1+1 protection. Coordination of service layer and transport layer restoration, including photonic restoration, reduces the overall network resources dedicated to service protection.

NetworkscaleandresiliencyThe GMPLS control plane combines network layers and provides a robust transport layer with traffic engineering for network scalability. Mesh topologies and dynamic rerouting and restoration mechanisms support better bandwidth efficiency. The ASON/GMPLS control plane extends from the service edge to the metro aggregation and optical core, including the photonic layer, to create survivable, automated and power-efficient networks.

CAPEXandOPEXsavingsThe GMPLS control plane offers efficiencies that enable service providers to reduce operational and capital expenditures (OPEX and CAPEX). By coordinating network layers, traffic is transported at the lowest cost per bit, and the network transports traffic more efficiently with increased resiliency and service flexibility. Network efficiencies yield CAPEX savings by reducing the number of network elements needed to meet service demand and extending the life of the fiber plant.

OSS simplification reduces the operational complexity of the network. Automated self-discovery, provisioning and network grooming remove many labor-intensive operations, allowing providers to centralize operational staff and let them focus on other issues. These capital and operational savings optimize network utilization and total cost of ownership (TCO).


Alcatel-Lucent leadership

Alcatel-Lucent is a leader in networking communications, with a global presence in more than 130 countries, offering a complete portfolio of products, solutions and professional services. The High Leverage NetworkTM architecture assures that Alcatel-Lucent customers can create networks with the scale, performance and cost to take full advantage of emerging applications and business models.

Alcatel-Lucent is a leader in innovations, working with international standards organizations and pursuing our own research at Bell Laboratories.

Broad,field-provenportfolioAlcatel-Lucent has the most widely deployed ASON/GMPLS networks in the industry, with more than 60 deployments in live networks worldwide. Our ASON/GMPLS is field proven in over 40 carrier networks, with deployments in large mesh networks of over 100 nodes per ASON/GMPLS domain. Alcatel-Lucent ASON/GMPLS platforms span from the metro access to the photonic switching layer. The Alcatel-Lucent product portfolio includes the complete networking capabilities service providers need to build an ASON/GMPLS-powered network end to end.

Key products implementing ASON/GMPLS in the Alcatel-Lucent optics portfolio include the:

• Alcatel-Lucent1660SynchronousMultiplexer(SM)– the market leading multiservice provisioning platform (MSPP) in the ETSI market

• Alcatel-Lucent1675LambdaUnite®MultiserviceSwitch(MSS)– a widely deployed multiservice optical switch

• Alcatel-Lucent1678MetroCoreConnect(MCC)– a widely deployed intelligent cross-connect switch

• Alcatel-Lucent1870TransportTeraSwitch(TTS)– a next-generation, high-capacity OTN intelligent cross-connect

• Alcatel-Lucent1626LightManager(LM)– a high-capacity WDM platform in the photonic core network

InfluencingkeystandardsAlcatel-Lucent is actively involved in the standards community to further develop the architectures, protocols and implementation agreements that advance the development of seamless, end-to-end networks to meet evolving communications requirements.

Alcatel-Lucent helped spear-head development of ASON/GMPLS control plane specifications, driven by service providers’ and network requirements, across all relevant standards and industry groups. Alcatel-Lucent continues to serve as a key player in the ITU-T development of ASON Recommendations and IETF GMPLS protocol extensions targeted to support the optical control plane.

Alcatel-Lucent is also a leading member of the OIF and has spearheaded the definition of implementation agreements critical for interworking among vendors, including work on UNI and E-NNI specifications. Alcatel-Lucent has participated in every OIF interworking event from early independent lab tests of draft standards and agreements to global, multicarrier interoperability tests of customer-driven services scenarios. Alcatel-Lucent remains committed to real-world, interoperable implementations to address service providers’ business goals.


TechnologicalinnovationAs well as our active participation in creating standards for the optical control layer, Alcatel-Lucent spends great effort in our own research and development. Bell Laboratories’ innovative algorithms for routing and wavelength assignment and optical path feasibility, coupled with the in-house-developed ASON/GMPLS control plane technology, lay the foundation for leading-edge photonic restoration, a key to economical network scaling. The Alcatel-Lucent zero-touch photonics expand the WDM paradigm with automated management tools to lower CAPEX and OPEX, and improve network performance and efficiency. Alcatel-Lucent provides the full set of value-added network planning, deployment and management tools to ensure optimized TCO.

NetworktransformationsolutionsA key challenge facing service providers is how to offer innovative, value-added services while maintaining efficient, low cost-per-bit transport. Alcatel-Lucent is addressing this imperative with the Alcatel-Lucent Converged Backbone Transformation solution, which features close integration of IP and optical core transport networks. The ASON/GMPLS control plane is a key component of this solution, and the High Leverage NetworkTM architecture, providing:

• A control plane for a converged network to handle large traffic volumes at the lowest cost per bit

• Cross-layer automation between service and transport layers for maximum resource use

• Network resilience and flexibility, QoS and cross-layer management for integrated network visibility and operational troubleshooting

The ASON/GMPLS intelligent control plane spans the opto/electrical (Ethernet, SDH/SONET and sub-lambda OTN) and photonic (lambda OTN) layers to groom and forward traffic at the most economical layer, minimizing transport costs. It provides network reliability and resilience, is scalable, supports multiple services and lowers OPEX.

Innovative Alcatel-Lucent network transformation solutions enable service providers to build on advances in IP and optical transport, and to leverage advances in transport network control and management, allowing providers to further improve QoS and network efficiency while reducing costs.

Conclusion

The ASON/GMPLS control plane enables intelligent optical transport to meet today’s unpredictable bandwidth demands while simplifying network operations and reducing TCO. ASON/GMPLS works across network layers and technologies from the access to the core. It automates operations, such as service provisioning, reducing manual processes and improving efficiency. It provides scalable, flexible, resilient and efficient networking, and speeds time to service, so service providers can profitably offer the revenue-generating services that end users demand.

This intelligent control plane is a key component to help enable success in today’s competitive environment. The capacity, flexibility and automation of the Alcatel-Lucent field-proven platforms and solutions allow you to unlock the revenue potential of your core network investment.


Abbreviations1626 LM Alcatel-Lucent 1626 Light Manager

1660 SM Alcatel-Lucent 1660 Synchronous Multiplexer

1675 MSS Alcatel-Lucent 1675 LambdaUnite® Multiservice Switch

1678 MCC Alcatel-Lucent 1678 Metro Core Connect

1870 TTS Alcatel-Lucent 1870 Transport Tera Switch

ASON Automatically Switched Optical Network

CAPEX capital expenditures

E-NNI external network-to-network interface

GMPLS Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching

IA implementation agreement

IETF Internet Engineering Task Force

ITU-T International Telecommunication Union-Telecommunication Standardization Sector

MLN multi-layer network

M&P methods and procedures

MPLS Multiprotocol Label Switching

MRN multi-regional network

MSPP multiservice provisioning platform

MTTR mean time to repair

NE network element

NMS network management system

OIF Optical Interworking Forum

OPEX operational expenditures

OSPF-TE Open Shortest Path First with Traffic Engineering Extension

OSS operations support system

OTH optical transport hierarchy

OTN optical transport network

QoS quality of service

SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy

SLA service level agreement

SONET Synchronous Optical Network

RSVP-TE Resource Reservation Protocol with Traffic Engineering Extension

TCO total cost of ownership

UNI user network interface

WDM wavelength division multiplexing

www.alcatel-lucent.com Alcatel, Lucent, Alcatel-Lucent and the Alcatel-Lucent logo are trademarks of Alcatel-Lucent. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. The information presented is subject to change without notice. Alcatel-Lucent assumes no responsibility for inaccuracies contained herein. Copyright © 2009 Alcatel-Lucent. All rights reserved. CPG4688091006 (11)

ASON GMPLS Intelligent Optical Transport TWP

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