ANTENNA SYSTEMS - Vienna Wireless Society

OVER-THE-AIR

TELEVISION

…..Its DIGITAL and its

still FREE !!

Ron Payne, WA6YOU City of Fairfax, VA 11 April 2015

(DTTV)

WA6YOU ©

DIGITAL TERRESTRIAL TELEVISION in the U.S. Were You Ready for DTV ?

In The Beginning…..

– 03 April 1996: DTTV initiated (Mandated!) by the FCC.

– 2006: Channel Plan assigned DTTV to UHF Channels 14 - 59.

Channels 60 - 69 and 2 - 13 were to be reassigned to “Land-

Mobile/Public Safety”.

– 2007: Plan amended second time to include Channels 7 - 51.

– 2008: Congress provided $1.5 Billion to subsidize Digital-to-Analog

converters (DTTV Tuners) and many households applied for

vouchers ($40 each) for up to 2 converters per home. The money

quickly ran out!

Present Plan…..Subject to Change?

– 12 June 2009: Channels 2 - 51 were designated as Digital Only.

Channels 52 - 69 were reassigned to “Land-Mobile/Public Safety”.

More changes coming???? WA6YOU ©

ATSC TELEVISION CHANNEL ALLOCATIONS USA CHANNEL CENTER FREQ CHANNEL CENTER FREQ CHANNEL CENTER FREQ

2 54.310 MHz 21 513.310 MHz 40 627.310 MHz

3 60.310 22 519.310 41 633.310

4 66.310 23 525.310 42 639.310

5 76.310 24 531.310 43 645.310

6 82.310 25 537.310 44 651.310

7 174.310 26 543.310 45 657.310

8 180.310 27 549.310 46 663.310

9 186.310 28 555.310 47 669.310

10 192.310 29 561.310 48 675.310

11 198.310 30 567.310 49 681.310

12 204.310 31 573.310 50 687.310

13 210.310 32 579.310 51 693.310

14 471.310 33 585.310

15 477.310 34 591.310

16 483.310 35 597.310

17 489.310 36 603.310 RED: VHF CHANNELS

18 495.310 37 609.310 BLUE: UHF CHANNELS

19 501.310 38 615.310

20 507.310 39 621.310

WA6YOU ©

WHAT and HOW of ATSC DTV Not all Programs are in High Definition (HD)

ATSC DTV has 1080 Horizontal Lines and an Aspect Ratio of 16:9,

versus NTSC Analog’s 480 Horizontal Lines and 4:3 Aspect Ratio.

8-VSB (8-level Vestigial SideBand; AM with 8 discrete amplitude levels)

RF Mod with MPEG-II Video Compression/Packetization Encoding.

8-VSB, developed by Zenith, adopted because of the large bandwidth

required to transmit HDTV, Multicasting, and Dolby Digital 5.1 Surround

Sound.

8-VSB uses a 6-MHz Channel which carries 19.39 MBits/Sec with FEC.

Europe and Japan did not approve of 8-VSB and chose Coded

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (COFDM).

8-VSB is subject to multi-path distortion, causing Macro Blocking.

Mobile Television viewing is out of the question using 8-VSB.

The dispute continues, but the U.S. switching to COFDM is unlikely.

WA6YOU ©

LEVELS of DIGITAL TELEVISION Movie Quality, Multicasting, Interactive Capability, …..

STANDARD DEFINITION TV (SDTV)

– Basic level of display and resolution for both Analog and Digital.

ENHANCED DEFINITION TV (EDTV)

– A step up from Analog and is broadcast in 480p widescreen (16:9) or

traditional (4:3) format.

– A better picture quality than SDTV, but not as high as HDTV.

HIGH DEFINITION TV (HDTV)

– When broadcast in widescreen format (16:9), it provides the highest

resolution and picture quality of all DTV formats. 1080i and 720p!!

– Combined Dolby Digital 5.1, HDTV sets new standards for sound

and picture quality in television.

– Remember…..HDTV is just ONE format (out of 18) of Digital TV.

What’s next?………3D-DTV?

WA6YOU ©

IN THE GOOD

OL’ ANALOG

TV DAYS …..

WA6YOU ©

SIMPLE DIPOLES for VHF & UHF TELEVISION

Wire Outline Bow-Tie

Dipole for UHF

Channels 14 – 69.

Adjustable “Rabbit Ear” Dipole

for VHF Channels 2 – 13.

300

300

PRE-2009 FREQUENCIES

VHF: 55.250 – 215.750 MHz

UHF: 471.250 – 805.750 MHz

WA6YOU ©

ANATOMY of

a HYBRID

VHF - UHF

TELEVISION

ANTENNA

LOG-PERIODIC for VHF

PARA-CORNER

REFLECTOR for UHF

MULTI-ARRAY YAGI

for UHF

ROTOR

CABLE

ROTOR

ANTENNA

LEAD-IN

WA6YOU ©

…..AND THEN

CAME DIGITAL

TV

WA6YOU ©

Please see www.tvfool.com to:

• Locate TV Transmitters.

• Choose Antennas.

• Look at Coverage Maps.

• Check your Address for OTA DTV.

• Get Antenna Beam Headings.

• Find Exact Distances to Transmitters.

WA6YOU ©

http://www.tvfool.com/

10-ELEMENT YAGI

with PARA-CORNER

REFLECTOR

QUAD-BAY BOWTIE

DIPOLES with PARA-

CORNER REFLECTOR

BOWTIE DIPOLE with

PARA-CORNER

REFLECTOR

See Channel Master, Winegard, and Antennas Direct for further details.

Gain ≈ +16 dBi

Gain ≈ +14 dBi

Gain ≈ +10 dBi

UHF TELEVISION ANTENNAS CHANNELS 14 – 51

WA6YOU ©

UHF DTTV Antenna

Installation at the home

QTH in the City of

Fairfax, VA.

Antennas Direct™ DB4

Dual-Bay Quad Bowtie

Dipole Colinear Array with

Para-Corner Reflectors

(4.5 lbs/$69.00)

and

Terrestrial Digital™ PA-16

In-Line Pre-Amplifier ($59.00)

+15 dB Gain

In-Line Pre-

Amplifier

Gain: +15 dB

Gain: +15 dB

WA6YOU ©

DIGITAL TELEVISION STATIONS 54 CHANNELS VIEWABLE from City of Fairfax, VA….for FREE!! (01 January 2016)

CALLSIGN TV CHANNELS NETWORK CITY EIRP ACTUAL CHANNEL

WMAR-DT 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 ABC BALTIMORE 1000 kW 38

WRC-DT 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 NBC WASHDC 813 kW 48

WTTG-DT 5.1, 5.2 FOX WASHDC 1000 kW 36

WJLA-DT 7.1, 7.2, 7.3 ABC WASHDC 52 kW 7

WUSA-DT 9.1, 9.2, 9.3 CBS WASHDC 12.6 kW 9

WFDC-DT 14.1, 14.2, 14.3 TFA ARLINGTON 325 kW 15

WDCA-DT 20.1, 20.2 UPN WASHDC 500 kW 35

WMPT-DT 22.1, 22.2, 22.3 MPT ANNAPOLIS 150 kW 42

WETA-DT 26.1 - 26.4 PBS WASHDC 90 kW 27

WNVC-DT 30.1 - 30.12 MHZ FAIRFAX 160 kW 30

WHUT-DT 32.1, 32.2 PBS WASHDC 100 kW 33

WBFF-DT 45.1, 45.2, 45.3 FOX BALTIMORE 550 kW 46

WDCW-DT 50.1, 50.2, 50.3 CW WASHDC 125 kW 50

WWTD-DT 49.1, 49.2 NTDT WASHDC 15 kW 14

WNUV-DT 54.1, 54.2 CW BALTIMORE 845 kW 40

WPXW-DT 66.1, 66.2, 66.3 ION MANASSAS 1000 kW 43

WA6YOU ©

2 Inches

7

Inches

7

Inches

3.5

Inches

3.5

Inches

HEAT

SHRINK

TUBING

SOLDER

75/300

BALUN

HERE

Connect BALUN to RG-6/U COAX

TERMINATED with a TYPE-F CONNECTOR

Use #12 WORK-HARDENED COPPER WIRE

8 Inches

0.75” Pine or Equivalent

Fasten down DIPOLE ELEMENTS with #10 x

½” WOOD SCREWS and WASHERS

PLACE ANTENNA

in the CLEAR and

POINT

BROADSIDE to the

BROADCAST

STATIONS

5”

30”

DRAWING NOT TO SCALE

3 Inches

B

A

L

U

N

FIELD EXPEDIENT BII-DIRECTIONAL FAN-DIPOLE ARRAY

UHF DTV ANTENNA

WA6YOU ©

2 Inches

7

Inches

7

Inches

3.5

Inches

3.5

Inches

HEAT

SHRINK

TUBING

SOLDER

75/300

BALUN

HERE

Connect BALUN to RG-6/U COAX


Use #12 WORK-HARDENED COPPER WIRE

8 Inches


Fasten down DIPOLE ELEMENTS with #10 x

½” WOOD SCREWS and WASHERS

PLACE ANTENNA

in the CLEAR and

POINT

BROADSIDE to the

BROADCAST

STATIONS

5”

30”


3 Inches

FIELD EXPEDIENT UNI-DIRECTIONAL FAN-DIPOLE ARRAY

UHF DTV ANTENNA

B

A

L

U

N

Optional: Mount Sheet Metal or Aluminum foil

REFLECTORS 4 Inches behind the Dipoles.

MOUNT

75/300

BALUN ON

BACK

CONNECT BALUN to RG-6/U COAX


USE #12 WORK-HARDENED COPPER WIRE


FASTEN DOWN DIPOLE ELEMENTS with

#10 x ½” WOOD SCREWS and WASHERS

PLACE ANTENNA in

the CLEAR and POINT

BROADSIDE to the

BROADCAST

STATIONS

5”

36”


7 Inches

7 Inches

7 Inches

1 ¾

Inches

5 ½

Inches FIELD EXPEDIENT BI-DIRECTIONAL SINGLE-BAY GRAY-

HOVERMAN

UHF DTV ANTENNA

5 ½

Inches

B

A

L

U

N

Optional REFLECTOR: Space 4

INCHES to rear of main elements.

WA6YOU ©

FIELD EXPEDIENT 4-ELEMENT YAGI-UDA

+8.15 dBi FLAT SURFACE MOUNTED PARASITIC ARRAY

ELEMENT 1 (REFLECTOR) = .525Y = _____ cm

ELEMENT 3 (DIRECTOR) = .450Y = _____ cm

ELEMENT 4 (DIRECTOR) = .430Y = _____ cm

ELEMENT 2 (DRIVEN) = .475Y = _____ cm

SPACING 1 = .20Y = _____ cm

SPACING 2 = .15Y = _____ cm

SPACING 3 = .16Y = _____ cm

BALUN = .25Y =

CRITICAL! KEEP FEEDPOINT

LEADS SHORT as POSSIBLE

and GAP at 6 mm.

____MHz

(K) 30000Y

CARDBOARD K = 1.0

PLYWOOD K = 0.95

PLEXIGLASS K = 0.82

FOAM BOARD K = 0.93

Feed with 50 RG-

174/U, RG-58/U, RG-

223/U or 75 RG-

6/U Coax Cable.

_____ cm

SCOTCH X-1181 or TECHNI-TOOL 758ST1436 ½ INCH COPPER FOIL TAPE

f0 = _____ MHz

cm

WA6YOU ©

ANTENNA SYSTEMS - Vienna Wireless Society

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