Annual Report I L T IT S N S I T U N D A I I E D S N I E T U T I T S N I N A I D N I Social...

ANNUAL REPORT2009 - 2010

Indian Institute of Dalit Studies

New Delhi

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Message from Managing Trustee

It is a great pleasure to write the Foreword to the Annual

Report for the Indian Institute of Dalit Studies (IIDS) for the

year 2009–2010. The IIDS has completed seven years of its

existence since it came into being in November 2003.

The main goal of IIDS has been to undertake research, provide

knowledge support to civil society organisations and policy

inputs to the government, function as a resource centre for

academicians, researchers and activists, and build up literature and database

on the most complex and challenging issues confronting Indian society as also

societies in different countries.

The special focus of the IIDS is on the development concerns of various

excluded and discriminated groups in Indian society, who suffer from social

exclusion on account of their identity and origin in terms of caste, ethnicity,

gender, religion, colour, physically handicaps, and regional or group identities.

In India, these groups constitute a large section of the population and include

former untouchables or Scheduled Castes (about 16 per cent), Other Backward

Castes (about 27 per cent), Adivasis or Scheduled Tribes (about 8 per cent),

religious minorities, particularly Muslims (about 12 per cent) and Christians

(about 2 per cent), women (with their various social identities), nomadic and

de-notified tribes, physically challenged persons, and other groups.

This vast group of people has suffered from exclusion in various spheres of

social, cultural, economic and political life in varying degrees, resulting in the

denial of equal rights and entitlements to them, and causing a high degree of

human deprivation and poverty. However, notwithstanding the significance of

the problem, serious gaps exist in our knowledge and understanding of the

crucial dimensions of social exclusions, including the nature, forms and causes

of social exclusion in multiple spheres, and the consequences of this exclusion

on the economic growth and development of the nation as it fosters poverty,

inter-group inequalities and conflicts. Serious gaps in the knowledge of these

issues exist due to the paucity of research on the exclusionary character of

Indian culture, society, economy and the polity. This knowledge gap is of

particular concern in the area of the economy and politics, as some research,

though not sufficient enough, has been undertaken on exclusion in the social

and cultural spheres. This lack of knowledge has constrained the capacity of

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the government, civil society organisations and other agents of transformation

to develop remedies, policies and strategies for mitigating socio-economic

exclusion and discrimination-linked deprivations, inequalities, poverty, and

inter-group conflicts. It is such considerations and the need for research, which

have led to the establishment of IIDS in November 2003.

The IIDS was thus set up with the vision for developing an “inclusive Indian

society”, which would offer equal opportunities and entitlements to all sections

of society, particularly the hitherto excluded groups. The goal has been to

develop a “body of knowledge” towards understanding the “exclusion induced”

human poverty, deprivation (of excluded groups), economic under-development (caused by economic discrimination) as these have been

hindering working of inclusive and participatory democracy and causing inter-

group conflict, and to develop evidence based polices to overcome the

consequences of exclusion and help build “inclusive and discrimination free

society, economy, politics with equal access to all besides dissemination of

knowledge on these subjects among civil society organisations, Government

agencies, and the general public.

Having been in existence for merely seven years, the IIDS is still in its infancy

as a research institution as a much longer incubation period is required for

bringing serious research studies to fruition. However, the very fact that IIDS

has undertaken pioneering research in new and challenging areas has earned it

the recognition of an institution specialising in the studies on social exclusion

and discrimination.

The research output of the Institute includes published studies in the form of

books, working papers, and published articles. Since its inception in November

2003, the IIDS has published 16 books on new themes (including three

published by the renowned publishers, Oxford University Press and Sage

Publications), while six more books are currently under publication. A total of

30 working papers have been published and another 12 are under publication.

Most of these papers have been published in various research journals,

including a special issue of the Economic and Political Weekly (EPW) on ‘Caste

and Economic Discrimination’. These research publications have been financed

by various funding organisations. In fact, the research output of the IIDS within

a period of seven years or even less (accounting for the initial period taken for

setting up the necessary physical infrastructure and human resource base afterinception), is quite commendable for an Institute that is so young and that had

begun its journey with empty slate without any prior history of research.

As mentioned earlier, the research work of IIDS has been guided by its goal of

undertaking studies on the exclusionary character of Indian society, its

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consequences on multiple spheres and policies to overcome these

consequences. The Institute’s activities focus on various neglected areas of

research with an emphasis on discrimination in the labour and other markets.

In addition, priority has also been accorded to analysing the nature of

discrimination in non-market institutions such as schools, primary health

centres, the food security schemes implemented under the mid-day meal

programme, and the practices followed in fair price shops dealing in food items.

It also goes without saying that the one area which has received special

attention pertains to status studies focusing on the socio-economic

characteristics of Dalits. These status studies were also extended to Dalit

women. Further, the Institute has conducted a number of studies on the existing

and requisite policies for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, in terms of

caste-based market and non-market discrimination, all of which have brought

it a high degree of recognition in the academic world and government circles.

The funding constraints have restrained IIDS to expand its research on a host

of critical issues. Among the areas which have not so far been covered due to

financial constraints include research on caste discrimination in several spheres

such as markets other than labour and non-market institutions. Besides, the

Institute has yet to undertake research on the dynamics of discrimination

suffered by certain groups like tribal communities, religious minorities,

nomadic and de-notified tribes, women belonging to discriminated groups,

and physically challenged persons. Issues leading to social exclusion in urban

areas, as distinct from those in rural areas, are also yet to find a place in the

research domain of the IIDS. The Institute thus has a long way to go before it

begins to implement its far-reaching agenda.

This Annual Report pertains to the year 2009–10, which was marked by a

number of developments for the Institute. Its research output during this

period has been quite impressive. The Institute completed 20 studies during

the year, and based on this research, a total of 13 working papers were

published, which is more than double the number published during the

previous year. Two important books on new themes brought out by the Institute

were also published by Oxford University Press and Sage Publications. Two

other books were published in Hindi.

During the year, the Institution secured approval for publication of the two

research journals, including one in English, titled Journal of Social Exclusion

Studies, and another one in Hindi, titled Dalit Asmita. These two journals are

expected to help the IIDS in disseminating its research findings and offering

solutions to the perplexing problem of social exclusion that affects such large

and disparate sections of our population.

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The Institute has also won accolades for its work during its brief but chequered

life span. The most important acknowledgement of the standing and

achievements of the IIDS has come from the Research Councils of UK, which

has recognised the Institution as a “Centre with Potential for Excellence”.

Equally important is the selection of IIDS for a Think Tank Grant to be given by

the International Development Research Centre (IDRC), which would enable

the Institute to pursue research in several new areas of study besides ensuring

institutional sustainability for it.

I congratulate the Institute and its dedicated team for their efforts in bringing

the IIDS to this position, and extend my good wishes for its future projects and

programmes.

Sukhadeo Thorat

Managing Trustee, IIDS

Chairman, University Grants Commission (UGC), New Delhi

Professor, Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), New Delhi

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From the Director’s Desk

The year 2009-10 was an exciting time at the Indian Institute

of Dalit Studies. We continued working on different

dimensions of social exclusion and patterns/forms of

discrimination in contemporary India.

During its initial phase, IIDS worked almost exclusively on

questions of social exclusion and discrimination of the ex-

untouchable communities, the Dalits. However, Dalits are not

the solitary groups who experience social exclusion and discrimination. The

Scheduled Tribes and sections among religious minorities also remain

marginalised groups in the contemporary Indian society. Their experiences of

social exclusion and discrimination differ from the Dalits and hence need to be

looked at through different lens. It was with this understanding that IIDS began

to diversify its research. By now we have been able to produce some good

research on discriminatory experience of religious minorities and have laid

initial foundation of work on the Scheduled Tribes. This work has also begun to

acquire visibility in academic and policy circles.

In terms of concrete numbers, our output during the year has been quite

impressive. Our faculty and affiliate scholars completed as many as 20 studies

on different subjects during the year. We also processed a good proportion of

our research into working papers and other publications. A total of 13 working

papers were published during the year 2009-10, more than double the number

we did during the previous year. We also published four books. Two of our

books, viz., Blocked by Caste: Economic Discrimination in Modern India

(Oxford University Press) and Dalits in India: Search for Common Destiny

(Sage) became instant best sellers. The fact that some of the leading publishers

in the world are keen to work with us speaks of the quality and relevance of our

work.

The other two books were in Hindi language. We also launched our Hindi website

and initiated translations of working papers into Hindi. Three working papers

were translated and published in Hindi during the year. IIDS also organised

several seminars and other outreach activities during the year, including an

international seminar on Comparative Contexts of Discrimination.

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We made some important progress on diversifying our funding sources during

the year. After funding us for nearly six years, Ford Foundation gave us a

reasonable amount as good-bye grant for a year. We also launched the third

phase of our research collaboration with UNICEF. We are also a member of the

consortium led by Christian Aid which won the bid for the second phase of

DFID funded programme, PACS. We also presented an ambitious proposal to

the Canadian funding agency IDRC.

Our good work is now globally recognised and we have become an important

resource centre for rapidly expanding research on Dalits and other

marginalised groups of the Indian society. We also initiated two virtual resource

centres during this period. Research Councils of the United Kingdom identified

IIDS as one of the 12 social science research institutes in India with potential

for excellence. IIDS team and its patrons have reasons to feel proud.

Surinder S. Jodhka

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Contents

Highlights of the Year 2009-2010 xi

I. Introduction 1-2

Vision and Mission

Objectives

II. Organisation Structure 3-23

Board of Trustees

Research Advisory Committee

Finance and Administration Committee

IIDS Team

Visiting Faculty

Associations and Affiliations

Research Focus

III. Activity Report 24-48

Completed Research Programmes and Projects

Ongoing Research Programmes and Projects

Research Proposals Submitted during 2009-10

Policy Research and Linkages

IV. Publications, Dissemination and Outreach 49-84

Books

Working Papers

Working Paper Series

Dissemination and Outreach

Seminars, Workshops, Consultation, Training and Lectures

IIDS Library

Data Support

Website Dissemination

Research and Publications by IIDS Faculty (2009-10)

V. Milestones since IIDS Establishment (2003-09) 85-103

Research Studies

Publications

VI. Financial Report 104-106

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Highlights of the Year 2009-10

Streamline Research Programs

l In order to streamline its research programs and expanding research

areas, Indian Institute of Dalit Studies set up the following thematic

research units during this year.

Social Exclusion and Discrimination

Religious Minorities

Tribal Studies

Gender and Social Exclusion

Literature and Arts

Policy Studies

Research and Publications

l During the period, 2009–2010, the Institute completed five research

programs and eighteen projects under these programs. Also, six

independent projects were completed.

l The research output is collated into noticeable publications,

including books, working papers, working paper-series and articles

in journals. The major publications include four books, which

attracted wider attention of academicians, policy makers and civil

society organisations.

l Other research outputs are forthcoming publications, on-going

programs and projects, new research programs and proposed

programs. These comprise eleven books, six working papers, eight

working paper-series and one Hindi working paper. There are three

on-going programs which include twelve projects.

Member of the Poorest Area Civil Society Programme (PACS)

l The Institute is a member of Indian Forum for Inclusive Response

and Social Transformation (IFIRST), a consortium which won the

Civil Society Fund - Poorest Area Civil Society Programme (PACS)

II of DFID. IFIRST consortium comprises of five organisations i.e.,

Christian Aid, Indian Institute of Dalit Studies (IIDS), Caritas India,

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Financial Management Service Foundation (FMSF) and ACCESS

Development Services.

Policy Linkages and Dissemination

l Regular seminars, round table meetings and workshops depict the

strength of dissemination and outreach. The Institute organised one

international seminar, three national seminars, two workshops and

two round table meetings. Besides, the Institute started in-house

seminar series this year. Under this series, it organised eleven in-

house seminars during the year.

Two Research Journals

l The Institute has registered two research journals: Journal of Social

Exclusion Studies in English and Dalit Ashmita in Hindi this year.

Award of IDRC Think Tank Grant

l The Institute has also explored several funding options towards

achieving institutional stability this year. International Development

Research Centre (IDRC) has shortlisted IIDS for institutional grant

under the Think Tank Initiative. This is a new core grant that

envisions institute on a transformational path through marked

improvement in its institutional capacity, infrastructure and

programmes. Also, Ford Foundation has extended its institutional

support to the Institute for the year 2010-11.

l IIDS has been recognised as a Centre with ‘Potential of

Excellence’ by Research Councils, UK

IIDS was chosen as a centre with ‘potential of excellence’ in a survey

of the arts and humanities research landscape in India by the

Research Councils, UK and India Foundation for Arts, Bangalore.

The survey lists out 32 ‘centres of excellence’ and 12 ‘centres with

potential’. The ‘centres with potential’ are relatively new and IIDS is

third on that list.

I. INTRODUCTION

The Indian Institute of Dalit Studies (IIDS) was established in 2003 as a non-

profit autonomous institute to undertake research and promote informed

debates on the issues of social exclusion, discrimination, their consequences,

policies against social exclusion and collective actions by civil society

organisations and others, and inclusive polices. IIDS is amongst the first

research organisations in India that focuses specifically on the development

concerns of marginalised and socially excluded groups who suffered from social

exclusion due to their group identity associated with their social origin like

caste, ethnicity, gender, religion, colour, physical handicap, regional identity

and other forms of social identities. These groups include former untouchables

or Dalits, Tribes, Religious Minorities like Muslim and Christian, Women

(particularly belonging to excluded groups), Nomadic and Denotified Tribes

and other. The Institute is registered under the Foreign Contribution

Regulation Act (FCRA) and is eligible to receive foreign contributions for its

research.

Vision and Mission

IIDS recognised that Indian society is characterised by processes of social

exclusion and discrimination in varying degree which involved denial of equal

rights and entitlements for a number of excluded groups resulting in high

deprivation and poverty among these groups. The vision of IIDS is to help

develop “inclusive society”, with equal right and entitlement to excluded and

discriminated groups. The mission is to develop a ‘body of knowledge’ to

understand exclusion induced problems of poverty, human deprivation and

human rights and suggest evidence based policies for making a socially,

economically and politically inclusive society with equal rights and entitlements

to excluded and discriminated groups.

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Objectives

Ø To undertake interdisciplinary theoretical, empirical and application-

based research on exclusion and discrimination in social, economic,

cultural and political spheres faced by Dalits, Tribes, Religious Minorities

and Women belonging to excluded groups and other similar groups.

Ø To undertake theoretical and empirical research on consequences of

exclusion in multiple spheres on the denial of rights and entitlements

with particular focus on consequences on economic growth and

development, inter-social group inequalities, poverty, deprivation and

marginalisation.

Ø To study the dynamics of institution of social exclusion and the process

causing change.

Ø To provide evidence based policies to overcome consequences of social

exclusion to government, civil society organisations and donor agencies.

Ø To study the collective actions of discr iminated groups—political

activism, NGO movements, literary and arts movement, discriminated

women’s movements

Ø To provide knowledge support to civil society organisations engaged at

local, regional, national and international levels in ‘advocacy works’ for

the empowerment of discriminated and excluded communities

Ø To develop an extensive database on social groups in India and serve as

a Resource Centre for academicians, researchers, activists and others

alike

Ø To strengthen networking with similar institutions, both in India and

abroad, for greater sharing of information and ideas through joint

collaboration and partnerships

Ø To organise seminars, workshops and lectures of academic and policy

interests with contemporary relevance

II. ORGANISATION STRUCTURE

Board of Trustees

Mr. Martin Macwan

Chairman and Permanent Trustee

Founding Director, Navsarjan Trust and

Dalit Shakti Kendra, Ahmedabad

Prof. Sukhadeo Thorat

Managing Trustee

Founding Director of IIDS

Professor, Jawaharlal Nehru University and

Chairman, University Grants Commission, New Delhi

Prof. Ghanshyam Shah

Trustee

Former Professor

Centre of Social Medicine and Community Health,

School of Social Sciences

Jawharlal Nehru University, New Delhi

Prof. R.S. Deshpande

Trustee

Director

Institute for Social and Economic Change

Bangalore, Karnataka

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Dr. Syeda Hameed

Trustee

Member, Planning Commission

Government of India, New Delhi

Prof. Raosaheb K. Kale

Trustee

Vice-Chancellor, Central University of Gujarat

Ahmbedabad, Gujarat

Fr. Alyosis Irudayaum

Trustee

IDEAS Centre, Madurai

Tamil Nadu

Dr. Selvie Das

Trustee

Former Member of Rajya Sabha

Former Vice-Chancellor of Mysore University

Mysore, Karnataka

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Annual Report 2009-2010

Research Advisory Committee


Chairman

Former Professor

Centre of Social Medicine and Community Health,

School of Social Sciences, Jawharlal Nehru University,

New Delhi


Member

Founding Director of IIDS

Professor, Jawaharlal Nehru University and

Chairman, University Grants Commission, New Delhi

Prof. P.M. Kulkarni

Member

Centre for the Study of Regional Development


Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi

Prof. Amitabh Kundu

Member

Centre for the Study of Regional Development




Member

Director

Institute for Social and Economic Change

Bangalore

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Mr. Martin Macwan

Member

Founding Director

Navsarjan Trust and Dalit Shakti Kendra Ahmedabad

Dr. Rohini Nayyar

Member

Former Advisor, Planning Commission

Government of India.

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Finance and Administration Committee


Chairman

Chairman, University Grants Commission

New Delhi

Prof. Surinder Singh Jodhka

Member

Professor, Jawaharlal Nehru University

New Delhi

Prof. Raosaheb Kale

Member

Vice Chancellor, Central University of Gujarat


Member

Director, Institute for Social and Economic Change

Bangalore

Mr. Kartar Singh

Member

Deputy Finance Officer (Retd.)


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New Director (2010-Onwards)

Dr. Rajendra P. Mamgain

Dr. Rajendra P. Mamgain has been appointed as the

Director of Indian Institute of Dalit Studies and will join the

Institute on April 1, 2010. He has a doctoral degree in

Economics from Jawaharlal Nehru University with research

and teaching experience of over 20 years. His areas of

research interests include labour, employment, migration,

poverty, social security and human development. He has

published six books and more than 40 research papers in various journals.

Currently he is working with Institute for Human Development (IHD) as a

Senior Fellow. Prior to joining IHD, he has worked with Institute of Applied

Manpower Research—an autonomous research institute of Planning

Commission, Government of India—as a faculty member. He has been

consultant to ILO and ACDI/VOCA.

Presently, he is a Research Coordinator of two major research projects in IHD,

i.e. “Mizoram Human Development Report” and “Informal Employment,

Poverty and Growth in India”. Dr. Mamgain has been intensively engaged in

preparing the Multi-sectoral Development Programme of the Ministry of

Minority Affairs for selected minority concentrated districts in India.

Dr. Mamgain is also the Managing Editor of the Indian Journal of Labour

Economics (IJLE) over the last 15 years. This journal has a wide circulation

and is intensively referred by scholars, policy planners and trade unionists. He

was also Editor of the Manpower Journal for a brief period.

Dr. Mamgain has demonstrated organisational capabilities. He has been

instrumental in improving the quality of the Indian Journal of Labour

Economics and promoting its circulation. He has also been intensively engaged

in organising the annual conferences of the Indian Society of Labour Economics

in various parts of the country. He has been Co-convenor of the Second

International Conference of Global Labour Forum. Dr. Mamgain has been

closely associated with the organisational development of Institute for Human

Development since its inception.

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IIDS Team

Research Faculty

Director

Surinder S. Jodhka

Professor Surinder S. Jodhka took over as the Director, IIDS in

April 2008. He is a Professor of Sociology at Jawaharlal Nehru

University (JNU), New Delhi and also Country Coordinator of

University of Birmingham’s Research Programme on Religions

and Development (based in IIDS). His research interests include changing

nature of caste identities, social and cultural dynamics of religious communities

in contemporary India, and agrarian social structure. His area of specialization

include dalit studies; social stratification; religious minorities, rural society

and agrarian change in contemporary India; sociology of development;

contemporary Punjab; social and cultural identities. He has three books, over

56 research papers and book chapters, over 60 book reviews and 2 popular

articles published to his credit.

Fellows

Gobinda C. Pal

Ph.D in Social Psychology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New

Delhi, Post-Doctoral, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research,

Mumbai.

His research interests include understanding of social and

educational issues from psychological perspective with a special focus on

marginalised groups. Over the years he has been engaged in interdisciplinary

research and his publications include a book and over twenty five research

papers published in academic journals. At present, he coordinates projects on

‘Caste-based Atrocities’, ‘Interface of Caste and Disabilities’ and ‘Children’s

Rights’.

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Firdaus Fatima Rizvi

Ph.D in Economics, Govind Ballabh Pant Social Science Institute,

University of Allahabad, Allahabad.

She is working as a fellow and is at present involved in the project

‘Political Factors, Government Spending and Agricultural Growth

and Poverty Linkages.’ Her Ph.D was on Micro Level Planning for Sustainable

Water Resource Management: A Case Study of Phulpur Tehsil in Allahabad

District. Her areas of specialization include social and economic development,

water and natural resource management, agriculture and rural development,

social exclusion, labour markets and employment. She has been intensively

working on the areas of her specialization for more than five years.

Nidhi Sadana Sabharwal

Ph.D in Geography, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi

She specializes in research areas of social development and

inclusion, gender, caste and economic discrimination, incidence

of child labour and child protection. She has extensive experience

in data collection and analysis and in advocacy/influencing policy

actions and social protection policies. Nidhi has published several articles on

socio-economic issues in rural India, many focusing on the vulnerable sections

of society and has actively worked on key issues affecting the poor and

vulnerable in India, through organisations based in India and the UK. At IIDS,

Nidhi Sadana Sabharwal is in-charge of the Gender and Social Exclusion Studies

Unit.

Suraj P. Badtiya

Ph.D in Hindi, Delhi University, Delhi

Suraj P. Badtiya works at IIDS as a Fellow & Hindi Editor. His Ph.D

research was Satta Sanskriti Ka Varchasvavadi Vimarsh aur Dalit

Chetna. IIDS Hindi unit is involved in compilation of Dalit

Literature and translation of Indian Dalit literature into Hindi

language. He has two books, 30 articles and 8 research papers published to his

credit. His areas of research interest are Dalit writings and literature in Hindi

and also documentation and advocacy for the Dalit human rights.

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Sobin George

Ph.D in Public Health, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi

Sobin George is in-charge of the unit ‘Religious Minorities’ in IIDS.

He is also the Country Deputy Coordinator of the University of

Birmingham sponsored research programme on ‘Religions and Development’

(RaD). His areas of research include health, labour relations, socio-religious

minorities, social exclusion and discrimination. His publications include

papers/articles related to health, labour relations and social exclusion, in

national and international journals and books.

Abhay Xaxa

M.A in Social Anthropology, Sussex University, UK

His main responsibility is to conceptualise, develop and undertake

research projects under the newly formed tribal studies unit at the

institute. At present, he is coordinating two projects of tribal

studies unit, “Annotated Bibliography on Tribal Issues in India”

and “Adivasis in India: A status Report”. His research interests are

convergences and contradictions in Dalit - Adivasi relations, tribal

development, affirmative action, popular resistance and social movements

and internal migration in India.

Associate Fellows

Saswatee Rath

Ph.D in Social Medicine and Community Health, Jawaharlal Nehru

University, New Delhi

Saswatee Rath works as an Associate Fellow at IIDS. Her

involvement at IIDS includes coordination, management and

reporting to the partners in the respective projects. Besides, her

work involves review of literature, data collection and analysis in projects

based on gender issues. Her areas of research interest include gender–caste

interface, women’s health, secondary education and child labour.

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Martin Kamodang

M.Phil in Sociology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi

Martin works as an Associate Fellow at IIDS and is pursuing his

Ph.D on “Education and Tribal Development: A Sociological Study

of Schooling in Ukhrul District, Manipur”, from Jawaharlal Nehru University.

At present, he is involved in preparing the annotated bibliography on tribal

issues in India. His area of research interest includes Dalit issues of exclusion,

discrimination, atrocities and reservation; Tribal studies (education and

exclusion) and religion. His involvement at IIDS also includes co-ordination

and management of the respective projects.

Dalip Katheria

M.Phil in Hindi, Kurukshetra University, Haryana

He is working as an Associate Fellow at IIDS for Hindi Publication.

In his research for M.Phil, he looked at the Hindi novel

Rangbhoomi by Premchand from the Dalit perspective;

Rangbhoomi aur Premchand ki Dalit Drishti. His area of research

interest is Dalit literature in general and distinctively the Dalit poetry.

L. David Lal

M.Phil in Political Science, Delhi University, Delhi

David is an Associate Fellow at IIDS working on, “Mapping Caste

Atrocities and Annual Atrocity Report”. His research topic for

M.Phil was “Debates on Dalit Conversions in Post-Independence

India: A Theoretical Study.” His area of research interest is the

interface of caste and religion. His work as an Associate is to review the

literature, field survey and also assistance in report writing.

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Publication and Dissemination

Gowhar Yaqoob

Ph.D in Comparative Literature, Delhi University, Delhi

She works as an academic editor at IIDS which includes academic

and English language editing of working papers, research reports

and other publications at the Institute. Besides, she prepares abstracts of the

publications and also co-ordinates in up-dating literature on the website. Her

areas of research interests include literature, history and visual art.

Raj Kishor Kampa

M.A in English and M.Lib. & Info. Sc., Sambalpur University,

Odisha

He works as an Assistant Editor at IIDS. His responsibilities

include copyediting and proofreading of working papers. He is

involved in designing, updating and administration of IIDS website

and has designed www.dalitstudies.org.in and www.dalitssouthasia.org at

IIDS. His research interests include communication and information

technology, online journalism, Dalit representation in media coverage, images

of minorities in media, and Dalit literature.

Narendra Kumar

Narendra is a Graphic Designer in the Office of Publications and

Dissemination and his work includes layout, designing and final

setting of the publications (English/Hindi). He also undertakes

other computer related tasks at IIDS.

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Administration and Support Staff

Data Support Services

R.S. Kamble

Finance

Pradeep Kumar Parida

Finance Officer

Minakshi Saxena

Assistant Accountant

Administration

Pramod Dabral

Accountant

Umashankar Singh

Computer Operator

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Supporting Staff

Ramachander

Driver-cum-Office Attendant

Harish BoraDriver

Mohan Lal

Office Attendant

Dhaneshwar Mandal

Security Guard

Surendra Mandal

Security Guard

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Visiting Faculty

India

Prof. S.K. Thorat

Chairman University Grants Commission, New Delhi

Prof. P.M. Kulkarni

Professor Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi

Prof. S. Madhehwaran

Professor, Institute for Social and Economic Change, Bangalore

Prof. T.S. Papola

Honorary Professor, Institute for Studies in Industrial Development, New

Delhi


Director, Institute for Social and Economic Change, Bangalore


National Fellow, Indian Institute of Advanced Studies, Shimla

Prof. Vimal Thorat

Professor, Indira Gandhi National Open University, New Delhi

Prof. Gail Omvedt

Ambedkar Chair, Indira Gandhi National Open University, New Delhi

International

Prof. Vani K. Borooah

Professor of Applied Economics, University of Ulster, Northern Ireland

Dr. Arjan de Haan

Senior Lecturer, Social Policy, Institute of Social Sciences, The Hague,

Netherlands

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Prof. Martin Fuch

Professor, Max Weber Centre for Advanced Cultural and Social Studies,

University of Erfurt, Germany

Dr. Regina Birner

Senior Research Fellow, International Food Policy Research Institute,

Washington, USA

Dr. Shengenn Fan

Director, Development Strategy and Governance Division, International

Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, USA

Dr. Katherine S. Newman

Professor, Department of Sociology, Princeton University, USA

Prof. Gary Michael Tartakov

Professor of Art History, Iowa University, USA

Dr. Li Xing

College of Economics and Management, Zhengzhou University of Light

Industry, Zhengzhou

Dr. Peter B. Hazell

Director, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, USA

Dr. Erlinda M. Burton

Research Associate, Research Institute for Mindanao Culture (RIMCU),

Department of Sociology and Anthropology

Prof. Carole Rakodi

Director, Religions and Development Research Programme, University

of Birmingham

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Prof. Gurharpal Singh

Nadir Dinshaw Profesor of Inter-Religious Relations, University of

Birmingham

Prof. Paul Attewell

Professor, Department of Sociology, City University, New York, USA

Prof. Samuel L. Myers, Jr.

Professor of African Studies, Roy Wilkin Centre Humphrey Institute of

Public Affairs, University of Minnesota, USA

Prof. William Darity

Professor of Economics, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill,

Director, African American Centre

Dr. Monisha Bajaj

Assistant Professor of Education, Department of International and

Transcultural Studies, Teachers College, Columbia University

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Organogram

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Associations and Affiliations

The Institute has been working with number of scholars world wide, in

academic collaborative agreements with several institutions across the world.

IIDS has been collaborating with various government organisations,

universities, development agencies and NGOs. These include:

Ø Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, Government of India

Ø Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India

Ø Planning Commission, Government of India

Ø University of Birmingham

Ø Ford Foundation

Ø Christian Aid

Ø Cord Aid

Ø International Development Research Centre

Ø United Nation Development Programme

Ø International Labour Organisation

Ø UNICEF

Ø International Food Policy Research Institute

Ø Action Aid

Ø International Dalit Solidarity Network

Ø Swiss International Development Agency

Ø International NGO Partnership Programme.

Research Focus

The primary focus of IIDS is research and developing a scientific knowledge

base on the issues of social exclusion, marginalities and discrimination. Given

the nature of our concerns, much of IIDS research is multidisciplinary and is

generally policy and application oriented. The research mandate of IIDS is

grouped into clearly defined thematic areas which are undertaken through

systematic studies by its specialised research units.

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Research Units Reorganisation

Following are the thematic research units, which the Institute has streamlined.

Social Exclusion and Discrimination Studies

Religious Minority Studies

Gender and Social Exclusion Studies

Tribal Studies

Policy Studies

Literature and Arts

Social Exclusion and Discrimination Studies

The nature of social exclusion, their consequences on human poverty and

economic and social development and the remedies to overcome these is an

area which has generally found lesser space in the mainstream social science

discourse. At the same time, there has been a growing demand among the

social groups for group specific policies. Lack of understanding on these issues

has constrained the capacity of government and civil society organisations to

develop appropriate policies. The focus of the research unit is primarily to (a)

Understand the nature of social exclusion in social, economic, political and

cultural spheres of society associated with institutions of caste, ethnicity,

religion, gender, colour, physical handicap, regional identity, age; (b)

Understand the consequences of social exclusion on human development and

well being, human rights, human dignity; and (c) Develop evidence based

policies for making socially, economically and politically inclusive society

which is free from any form of exclusion and discrimination.

Religious Minority Studies

In the purview of the contemporary changing trends of exclusion in the society,

it is imperative to address minority issues in terms of inclusion, development,

Leadership, Governance, Social movements and empowerment towards

realising the goals for a just and human society. While recognising religious

communities in India vulnerable to discrimination and deprivation, it is

observable that the magnitude of deprivation and discrimination of the

religious communities is closer to Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.

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Gender and Social Exclusion Studies

Since there is much overlapping of discrimination, social exclusion and

deprivation across class, caste, gender, communities, the unit undertakes

gender studies exclusively focussing on women from socially excluded

communities, such as SCs, STs, Denotified Tribes, Other Backward Classes,

religious minorities. It becomes important to study the interfaces with

emboldened issues of women. Since women are more vulnerable and the issue

at hand is too large to encapsulate it under an umbrella term; henceforth the

need is to address gender studies exclusively.

Tribal Studies

The unit is dedicated to undertake studies on understanding the development

paradigm of the Tribal communities and related exclusion and discrimination

which they face in economic, social and political spheres. The unit also is

devoted to understand the underlying factors for deprivations, poverty, human

rights, endangered livelihoods associated with development. The unit focuses

on research supported inclusive policies and policy measures for the

development of Tribal communities.

Policy Studies

Undertaking evaluation of policies and programmes of various government

departments relating to poverty, social protection, economic empowerment,

human development and human rights, and providing policy inputs is the major

focus of the unit. The unit also envisages undertaking various measures such

as seminars, workshops, conferences, round-table discussions and research

based publications to promote its outreach.

Literature and Arts

In order to reach out to wider circles and encompass activities that lead toward

the promotion of Dalit Literature and Art, major focus of the unit is to bring to

light the Dalit Literatures and Dalit Movements with wider dissemination and

collaborative work on the issues. Not only does it ensure widespread readership

but it is the collation of publication of Hindi literature and the translations

from English into Hindi that indeed open up fresh vista of approach and access

to the socially excluded and marginalised.

III. ACTIVITY REPORT

Completed Research Programmes and Projects

IIDS has completed five research programmes and 22 projects in the reporting

period, 2009-10. There are three on-going research programmes and 13

projects. The list is given below:

1. Impact Assessment of Scheduled Caste Welfare Schemes

i. Self-employment Scheme of National Scheduled Caste Finance and

Development Corporation

ii. Assessment of Self-employment Scheme for Rehabilitation of

Manual Scavengers

iii. Assessment of National Safai Karamcharis Finance and Development

Corporation

iv. Central Sector Scheme for Free Coaching for SC/ST Students

v. Assessment of Babu Jagjivan Ram Chattravas Yojana

2. Social Exclusion and the Dalits: Programme for Research,

Knowledge Empowerment, Training and Advocacy

vi. Annotated Bibliography on Tribal Studies in India

vii. Mapping Caste-based Atrocities in India: The Report 2009-10

viii. Dalit Biographies: Biography of Babu Mangoo Ram (in Hindi and

Punjabi)

3. Dalit Women: Rights and Citizenship

ix. Dalit Women: Rights and Citizenship in India: Phase 1

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4. Poorest Area Civil Society Programme

x. Concept Paper on Social Exclusion, its consequences on Human

Poverty and Need for Inclusive Policy to Reduce Poverty.

xi. Who are the most poor and where are they located in Seven High

Poverty States at the regional and district level analysis: Rural and

Urban

xii. Documentation of the government programmes for the poor and the

discriminated groups in spheres of livelihood, education, health and

civic amenities.

5. Religions and Development Research Programme

xiii. Religious Mobilisations for Development and Social Change: A

Comparative Study of Dalit Movements in Punjab and Maharashtra,

India.

xiv. The Role of Faith Communities in Conflict Transformation and Long-

term Development: Seeking Justice and Rebuilding Lives in the

Aftermath of Hindu-Muslim Violence in Ahmedabad and Mumbai,

India.

xv. Religions, Ethics, and Attitudes toward Corruption: A Study of

Perspectives in Punjab and Andhra Pradesh, India

xvi. Religion, Politics and Governance: Spaces for the Marginalised in

Contemporary India

The details of some of the completed research programmes and projects are

mentioned below:

1. Impact Assessment of Scheduled Caste Welfare Schemes

Supported by the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, Government

of India

i. Self-employment Scheme of National Scheduled Caste Finance

and Development Corporation

The study looked at the scheme, its budgetary allocation, reach and impact

by drawing on secondary sources of information. The report provides an

overview of the National Scheduled Caste Finance and Development

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Corporation, its activities, and nature of working. The study highlighted

that since the corporation is a part of the broader Special Component Plan,

it should work in collaboration with other schemes so that the multiple

forms of exclusion of the Scheduled Caste could be addressed. Similarly,

the study underscored that corporation should give more attention to its

information management and work for greater transparency by making

the information available in the public domain. Another major concern

that the study drew attention on was the need to put in place innovative

ways of fund disbursal. The study suggested that the corporation should

aim at being self-sufficient with respect to running the routine schemes

that it has floated and measures should be taken to ensure not only

proportional distribution of funds at the central level, but also at the state

level. Coordination at various stages of implementation was another grave

issue that the study highlighted. Further, the study emphasised the need to

promote the emerging business models in the programme.

ii. Assessment of Self-employment Scheme for Rehabilitation of

Manual Scavengers

The study examined the scheme for self-employment as part of the

rehabilitation of manual scavengers by undertaking a primary study in

Ambala district of Haryana. The study highlighted that manual scavengers

continue their dehumanising profession due to lack of alternative.

Government schools are another site of discrimination as children are

forced to do the cleaning work. Due to discriminatory attitude of both

school administration and peer groups, children of manual scavengers drop

out from schools. This further leads to a vicious circle of extreme poverty

and illiteracy. The study also noted that almost all manual scavengers are

women and either sole bread earners of the family or the husbands do not

contribute their earnings at home due to indulgence in alcohol. The study

emphasised that the scheme needs to define clearly who the beneficiaries

are since beneficiaries are often referred to as safai karmcharis; whereas

the scheme focuses exclusively on manual scavengers. Safai Karmacharis

is a wide term and includes all those engaged in cleaning jobs.

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iii. Assessment of National Safai Karamcharis Finance and


The study looked at various programmes under the corporation, the level

of success in achieving the targets, economic and educational mobility of

scavengers and their children out of these programmes and issues with

regard to the limitations of the programmes to cover more beneficiaries.

The study is primarily based on the secondary data and illustrations

available in the annual reports of the Ministry of Social Justice and

Empowerment. At the outset, the study noted that the desired objectives

of the corporation have yet not been achieved as there remain officially

342468 Safai Karamcharis and their dependents to be rehabilitated. The

study provides state-wise information on success rates in terms of

achieving targets. It highlighted that the most successful states in terms of

achieving targets have been Andhra Pradesh and Punjab, where all the

rehabilitation has taken place. Simultaneously, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya

Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka present a bright picture for the

successful achievement of the targets.

iv. Assessment of Upgradation of Merit Scheme of Scheduled Caste

Students

The study aimed to assess the potential of the scheme for the educational

advancement of Scheduled Caste students. Drawing on secondary data

from the annual reports of Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment

(MOSJ&E) from 1997 to 2008, the study examined indicators such as

budgetary allocation, allocation of awards, students benefited under the

scheme and grant-in-aid to states. The study highlighted issues concerning

participation and equity in the scheme. It noted that despite incorporating

a comprehensive framework, clear targeting, and focus on participation

and equity, the efforts seem to be fragmented and divided between multiple

actors. While the scheme focuses on building basic competencies, the

participation in this scheme seems uneven especially in terms of location

and perhaps even gender. Based on this observation the study suggested

that the markers of inequality must be overcome in varying degrees to

ensure that the services provided under the scheme are inclusive and

responsive. Though, the scheme is targeted for SCs/STs – it should

continually adapt and modify itself to the experiences of the excluded

groups and their sensitivities; and attempt to bridge gender, socio-

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economic, caste, ethnic and linguistic, and geographic disparities. In order

to address the issues of administration and management, the study explored

the possibility of establishing a Social Transformation Programmes

Division within the MoSJ&E. Finally, the study suggested that the Ministry

should consider the desirability of reviewing this scheme so that intake of

SC/ST students may be increased as the scheme administers only 1,045

awards on an All-India basis at present.

v. Central Sector Scheme for Free Coaching for SC/ST Students

The study examined critical issues such as whether the desired objectives

have been achieved, if not, then to what extent, states that have been more

successful in achieving the targets, programmes that have been more

successful as compared with others and handicaps that are inferred in

achieving the objectives pertaining to the scheme. The study is primarily

based on secondary data and illustrations available in the annual reports

of the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment. The major finding of

the study is that the lack of fund use earmarked for the Coaching Schemes

has brought about major flaws in the implementation. The study suggested

that the states with higher literacy and population of SC/OBC should be

encouraged to optimise the utilislation the scheme.

vi. Assessment of Babu Jagjivan Ram Chattravas Yojana

The study highlighted various aspects of the hostel schemes for SC students

in general and Babu Jagjivan Ram Chhatravas Yojana in particular. The

study primarily looked at how far the scheme acts as an incentive for SC

students to continue their education. For that the study analysed the

service delivery, various actors in the service delivery, expenditure,

hostels built and rooms made available for beneficiaries, utilisation of the

scheme by Dalit communities and local participation drawing from

secondary and primary data collected. The study showed that the scheme

has not adequately followed the stated preferential criteria of low literacy

and focus of middle and secondary level of education for SC females while

selecting locations. Most importantly, the scheme does not include poverty

as a criterion for selection of beneficiaries, which allows wrong exclusion

on a large scale. In this milieu, the study suggests that segregation of data

across middle, secondary and higher education of SC male and female in

rural and urban India by level of poverty is a prudent option to select

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locations and beneficiaries as long as the scheme has budget constraints

for universal coverage.

2. Social Exclusion and the Dalits: Programme for Research,Knowledge Empowerment, Training and Advocacy

Supported by International NGO Partnership Agreement Programme (IPAP),

Christian Aid, UK

i. Status of Persons with Disabilities in India: Comparison across

Social Groups

The study looked at Dalits and disability in India and explored in-depth

consequences of inter-relation between the two. It drew corollary between

the two concepts-physically challenged and caste-based disadvantage,

discrimination, and deprivation of opportunities in different spheres of

day to day life. Based on official data the study brought to light the fact

how Dalit identity coupled with being born with disability or acquiring

disability after birth means living not only with limitations, higher

dependency, social stigma and deprivation of opportunities for self-

development but more of a helpless acceptance of exclusion dissuading

essentially basic needs of life. The study advocates special consideration

for Dalits with disabilities for they face multiple forms of discrimination

and special provisions for this marginalised group especially to the ones

likely to languish on account of lack of familial and other social support.

ii. Annotated Bibliography on Tribal Studies in India

Tribal issues in India have generated immense interests among academics,

as a result of which large number of literature have been produced covering

wider range of issues from different perspectives. At the same time, scholars

and activists have felt the need for a comprehensive annotated bibliography

of all important documents produced till date which can work as a handbook

to learn about the Tribal reality in India. In order to address this issue,

IIDS undertook to prepare an annotated bibliography on tribals in India.

The categorisation of the bibliography includes brief summary of all

important documents (books, reports, essays) on tribal issues.

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iii. Mapping Caste-based Atrocities in India: The Report 2009-10

In view of persistence of atrocities against Dalits, despite protective

legislations to curb all forms of discriminatory practices and caste-based

atrocities, this study took up an integrated approach to understand the

phenomenon of caste-based atrocities in India. It has dealt with issues such

as changing nature of caste and caste atrocities; theoretical underpinnings

of social conflicts and its relevance for understanding of caste-based

atrocities; significance of legal provisions in the changing context of caste-

based atrocities, pattern of atrocities against Dalits over the years; socio-

economic and political dynamics of caste-based atrocities, responses of state

machineries in dealing with atrocities; consequences of atrocities on well-

being of victims; and dominant emerging issues. Accordingly, the report is

structured into six broad sections dealing with various issues. The approach

under the caste-based atrocities takes into account various sources of

information such as; extensive literature on caste system, social conflicts,

violence in general and caste violence in particular; specific legal provisions

related to caste-based atrocities, macro level data showing the magnitude,

nature and pattern of crimes/atrocities, micro level data based on case

studies, fact findings, media reports and field level experience of non-

governmental organisations. Based on the analysis, an attempt is made to

establish linkages between caste-based atrocities and other social, economic

and political characteristics of changing society and underline emerging

dominant themes for the consideration for effective redressal of the problem

of caste-based atrocities.

iv. Dalit Biographies: Biography of Babu Mangoo Ram (in Hindi

and Punjabi)

Babu Mangoo Ram was a revolutionary who played a historic role in the

identity assertion movements of untouchables of Punjab. He pioneered

the Adi Dharm Mandal movement in Punjab, which gave Dalits a new sense

of identity and confidence. The formation of Adi Dharm as a separate

religious identity other than Hindu and Sikh to a large extent diluted the

sub-caste identity of Dalits in Punjab. They later on articulated their

development questions on the platform of Adi Dharm Mandal movement.

In 1931 Census, Adi Dharma was classified as a separate religion. There

were five lakh Adi Dharmis as per the 1931 Census. The movement, under

the leadership of Babu Mangoo Ram engaged in development activities

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and initiated several schools and hospitals. The movement declined by

1934 and later on it was revived under the name “Ravi Dasi movement”,

which still plays an active role in the field of development. Ravi Dasi

movement now has acquired transnational characteristics and Ravi Dasi

Deras and associated institutions are functioning outside India as well.

These are also sources of fund for their developmental activities in India.

Biography of Babu Mangoo Ram enables us to understand how religion

and Faith Based Organisations (FBOs) can be agencies of development

activities and social change.

3. Dalit Women Rights and Citizenship

Supported by International Development Research Centre (IDRC), New Delhi

Dalit Women: Rights and Citizenship in India’, Phase I

The overall objective of the project was to undertake studies with a purpose

to get an insight into the problem (marginalisation) of Dalit women,

strengthen Dalit women’s agency and institution building, and influence

pro-active policy, strategies and legislations for enhancing Dalit women’s

rights and entitlements. This report develops an understanding on the

problem of ‘Dalit women’ in India. This is done through a comprehensive

review of the current theoretical and empirical literature related to feminist

discourse on gender and patriarchy and Dalit women in particular. In order

to deal with the issues on gender, patriarchy and its interface with caste, it

is necessary to look at the present status of knowledge on related aspects.

In this context, this report attempts to (a) look at feminist discourse as

developed in social science literature and capture its main elements, (b)

Indian feminist discourse and its understanding about the problems of

Dalit women, (c) look at Dalit women specifically as citizens and examine

the various forms of deprivation they suffer in the light of the rights

normally considered to be the rights of the citizenship, (d) survey the

perspective of Dalit women (as well as of other writers) on their problem –

looking at the theoretical writings and also the Dalit women’s literary

writings, (e) examine the economic and social situation of Dalit women

with the help of official data and some primary studies, (f) based on the

understanding and insight from the review of theoretical and empirical

studies suggest the agenda for further primary studies on various

dimensions of Dalit women’s problems.

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National seminar on ‘Dalit Women: Rights and Citizenship in India’ was

held on 19th March 2009 to get inputs for the report. With the incorporation

of the feedbacks, the technical and narrative reports have been submitted

to IDRC.


Supported by Christian Aid/DFID

The main purpose of the Poorest Area Civil Society (PACS) programme is

to identify the institutional and organizational constraints in removing

poverty of the socially marginalised groups in Indian society, develop the

policy and strategy and share with the CBOs/NGOs engaged in the PAC

plus programme to adopt the same. IIDS is a part of I-FIRST Consortium,

selected by DFID to implement the PACS programme.

IIDS proposes to undertake this programme in the following manner by:

(a) Undertaking research studies on forms and consequences of social

exclusion in market and non-market spheres, study of government schemes

and issues related to discrimination; (b) Undertaking direct baseline

survey, study, documentation, research on social exclusion and poverty

analysis; (c) Provide policy input which will be based on the findings of

theoretical and empirical research and develop remedies; (d) Preparation

of a training manual and literature on various dimensions of social

exclusion, discrimination and poverty; (e) Providing knowledge support

to Government, Civil Society Organisations, NGOs, and others by

dissemination of knowledge generated through research, to build-up the

capabilities of civil society; (f) Providing support to CSOs in action study,

documentation, research on social exclusion and poverty analysis; (g)

Capacity building of CSOs and CBOs on developing conceptual framework

of social exclusion and linkages with poverty; and (h) Support in developing

linkages and engagement with private sector and the Government agencies.

Completed concept papers and resource material provided under PACS toDFID: 2009-10 are as follow:

( a ) Concept paper on ‘Social Exclusion: Its Consequences on Human

Poverty and Need for Inclusive Policy to Reduce Poverty’. This

research paper substantially contributed to the strategy paper of

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DFID called ‘Working with Civil Society to Tackle Social Exclusion

– A Theory of Change’ which is under publication in DFID.

( b ) Paper on ‘Who are the most poor and where are they located in Seven

High Poverty States-a regional and district level analysis: Rural and

Urban’. The latest official data on poverty for 2004/5 was examined

in the following manner. First the incidence of poverty for SC, ST

and Others was discussed. Then within each of these groups poverty

was also estimated for marginal and small farmers, self-employed

business households, casual labour, farm and non-farm labour, and

illiterate persons. This analysis helped us to locate the most poor in

each of the state. This exercise also indicated the factors associated

with chronically poor as the study looked at the poverty rate by land

size, business background, casual labour and education level.

( c ) Documentation of the government programmes for the poor and the

discriminated groups in spheres of livelihood, education, health and

civic amenities.

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Completed Research Projects

The list of the completed projects is given below:

1. South Asia Research Network on Caste-based Discrimination and

Virtual Resource Centre.2. Gendered Risks, Poverty and Vulnerability in India: Case Study of

the Indian National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MadhyaPradesh).

3. Affirmative Action in the Indian Private Sector.

4. Atrocities against Dalits: Emerging Pattern.

5. Dalit Development Report.

The details of some of the completed projects are given below:

1. South Asia Research Network on Caste-based Discrimina-tion and Virtual Resource Centre

Supported by International Dalit Solidarity Network (IDSN), Denmark

The internet platform http://dalitssouthasia.org/ was developed to (a)

promote the production, exchange and dissemination of research knowledge

in caste-based discrimination and other forms of social exclusion; (b) to

facilitate academic exchange across the region; (c) function as both resource

centre and network of Dalit researchers and researchers on Dalits in South

Asia; and (d) compile and disseminate information on caste-based

discrimination for scholars, civil society organisations, advocacy groups and

policy makers. The platform hosts twelve research papers, eleven published

articles from scholars working on Dalit issues, twenty abstracts, and

information on research institutes working on similar themes in South Asia

and rest of the world. The network has at present several active scholars and it

acts as a resource centre for students, researchers, advocacy organisations

and policy making bodies on caste-based discrimination.

2. Gendered Risks, Poverty and Vulnerability in India: CaseStudy of the Indian National Rural Employment GuaranteeAct (Madhya Pradesh)

Supported by Overseas Development Institute (ODI), UK

The study was undertaken in Khargone and Betul districts of Madhya Pradesh

to understand the impact of NREGA (National Rural Employment Guarantee

Act) across gender with the following specific objectives: (a) Understanding

the diversity of gendered economic and social risks; (b) Gender analysis of

social protection policy and design; (c) Effects of social protection programme

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on gender equality, food security and poverty/vulnerability reduction at the

household, intra-household and community level; and (d) Implications for

future policy and programme design to improve social protection

effectiveness. The study informed that women were less preferred to men in

NREGA though one-third reservation is provided for women. Single women

faced more vulnerability when work was allocated for couples. Though there

was provision of crèche facility at working places, no such provision was active

during the field survey. One of the major recommendations in the report has

been generation of awareness about gender equality and breaking down socially

accepted division of labour.

3. Affirmative Action in the Indian Private Sector

Supported by International Dalit Solidarity Network, (IDSN), Denmark

The project was initiated to highlight the issues of equal opportunities and

affirmative action and to explore how private sector participation can ensure

both quality as well as equity. Under this project, various activities were

undertaken. IIDS in partnership with IDSN prepared a course material for

“Train the Trainer” workshop, which was organised on 26 March, 2009. The

workshop also discussed case studies on evidence of discrimination in private

sector in India. IIDS also organised two round table meetings with ASSOCHAM

and Kolkatta Chamber of Commerce and Industry. The first round table meeting

was held on 22 November, 2009 at Kolkatta Chamber of Commerce, Kolkatta

on ‘Private Participation in Education and Reservation in Private Sector’. The

participants were private sector representatives and members of Calcutta

Chamber of Commerce. The second round table meeting was held on 15 January

2010 at ASSOCHAM, New Delhi on “Affirmative Action Policy – The Role of

Private Sector”. ASSOCHAM covers interest of over 3,50,000 direct and

indirect members from every segment of business since 1920. ASSOCHAM has

also responded proactively to the call by Prime Minister of India to the private

sector for enhancing the employment of SCs and STs in the private sector. The

members of ASSOCHAM participated in round table meeting.

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4. Atrocities against Dalits: Emerging Patterns

Supported by Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, Government of

India

This study primarily focused on understanding of social, economic and

political contexts of atrocities against Dalits, responses of the state

administrative and legal machineries dealing with atrocities, role of civil

societies/ NGOs/ media in providing support service to the victims, impact of

incidence on lives of victims and other critical issues pertaining to individual

cases of atrocity. The study was based on nine cases of atrocities in four states

– Bihar, Haryana, Punjab and Uttar Pradesh, for 2006-07 period. Using a

framework of case study approach, analysis took into account information

collected from various sources, which included media reports/news clippings,

official documents and various stakeholders associated with each case of

atrocity (e.g. victims, accused, family members/relatives of both victims and

accused, local representatives, community people, police officials, public

prosecutors, local civil societies/ NGOs, etc.). An analysis of various cases of

atrocities against Dalits provided insights into various critical aspects of caste-

based atrocities having significant policy implications. Some emerging patterns

were drawn for special consideration in the process of implementation of

legislations related to atrocities against Dalits.

5. Dalit Development Report

Jointly supported by IIDS, New Delhi and Navsarjan Trust, Ahmedabad

The main purpose of the report is to present the status of socially marginalised

groups of SCs and STs with respect to disparities in attainment of their human

development, since the deprivation of these groups is closely linked to

processes of caste and ethnicity-based exclusion and discrimination. The

report discusses the concept of social exclusion in general, and caste and

untouchability-based exclusions and discrimination in particular, which are

seen as causative factors for deprivation of these groups. The development of

the concept of “exclusion” in general, and that of caste-untouchability and

ethnicity-based exclusion and discrimination in particular, brings out various

dimensions of the concept in terms of its nature, forms and consequences.

Caste and untouchability-based exclusion and discrimination are essentially

“structural in nature”, comprehensive and multiple in coverage, and involve

denial of equal opportunities especially to excluded groups like the former

3 6


“untouchables”. In case of Adivasis, it is not systemic or structural in nature

and therefore, the process of exclusion is different in nature; although its

outcomes are similar to that of former “untouchables” in many respects, if not

all.

Ongoing Research Programmes and Projects

Ongoing Programmes

1. Social Exclusion and the Dalits: Programme for Research,

Knowledge Empowerment, Training and Advocacy

i. Inter-religious Disparities in Human Development: Study of

Religious Minorities in India.

ii. Study on Dalit Activism in India.

iii. Status of Scheduled Tribes in India.

iv. Mapping Caste-based Atrocities in India: The Report 2010-11.

v. Sankar Bhivasan Chavhan: The Travel of Struggle and Movement of

Nomadic Tribes.

2. Impact Assessment of Scheduled Caste Welfare Programmes

vi. Assessment of Post-matric Scholarship of SC/ST students.

vii. Assessment of Pre-matric Scholarship Scheme for Children for those

Engaged in Unclean Occupations.

viii. Assessment of the Scheme for Special Education Development for

SC Girls belonging to Low Literacy Level.

3. Social Inclusion in Multiple Spheres (2009–h2011)

ix. Study of the Dynamics and Processes of Exclusion and

Discrimination in Maternal and Child Health Services among Dalitsand Minorities.

x. Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) and Rights of

Children: An Exploratory Study.

xi. Inclusion in Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC).

xii. National Best Practice on Education: Case Study of Schools inSaharanpur, UP.

xiii. International and National Best Practices on Inclusion in FoodSecurity, Education, Health, Water and Sanitation.

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The details of the ongoing programmes are mentioned below:

1. Social Exclusion and the Dalits: Programme for Research,Knowledge Empowerment, Training and Advocacy

Supported by International NGO Partnership Agreement Programme (IPAP),

Christian Aid, UK

i. Inter-religious Disparities in Human Development:Study of Religious Minorities in India

The study aims to bring out the inter-religious disparities in development. It

specifically focuses on indicators of demography, education, employment and

unemployment, health, occupation, access to civic amenities and resources

such as land, poverty and political participation in a comparative context.

Drawing from official data sets such as Population Census, NSSO, NFHS and

Economic Census, the study aims to provide a comparative picture of the

development profile of major religious communities at all-India and regional

levels.

ii. Study on Dalit Activism in India

The study attempts to address the questions revolving around the historical

contexts in which an autonomous Dalit activism develops in India; the specific

context of 1990s which gave rise to, or made it possible for Dalit activism to

grow and consolidate; differing trajectories of Dalit activism in contemporary

India, their involvement with mainstream/radical-left political formations and

growing urges for autonomy; and the nature and growth of autonomous Dalit

NGOs; differences about them in terms of their activities, sources of funding,

personnel, ideas and ideologies. The study based on fieldwork aims to explore

the emergence and consolidation of Dalit activism in India in depth.

iii. Status of Scheduled Tribes in India

In past 60 years, several development initiatives aiming to improve the overall

conditions of tribal communities in India have been implemented by various

government as well as non-government agencies. Despite the efforts, tribal

communities remain marginalised and live under chronic economic distress,

due to poor planning, problematic implementation of development schemes

and political apathy. Visible information gap exists about their socio-economic

conditions in various regions of the country. In order to plug this information

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gap and collate it with the objective of informing tribal development policies

and programmes with relevant socio-economic indicators specific to tribal

communities, IIDS has undertaken status study of Scheduled Tribes in India

which aims to give an overall socio-economic status of tribal in India within

the framework of exclusion and discrimination. While doing this, the research

will critically engage with the analysis of various socio-economic dimensions

of tribal demography, gender, occupational patterns, ownership of agricultural

and forest land, rural labour, employment conditions, incidence of poverty,

literacy and education, health status and access to healthcare facilities, access

to civic amenities, displacement due to development projects, etc. The final

outcome of this research exercise will provide a comprehensive analytical

tool to understand the changing dynamics of contemporary tribal society for

academics, policy makers, activists and other stake holders on tribal issues.

iv. Mapping Caste-based Atrocities in India: The Report 2010-11

This study focuses on specific issues that could not be addressed in the Annual

Atrocity Report 2009-10, for a holistic understanding of caste-based atrocities

in India. The specific objectives of the study include (i) strengthening of the

literature on caste atrocities from an interdisciplinary perspective; (ii)

examining the patterns and trends of atrocities against Dalits with special focus

on regional variations at state and district levels; (iii) analysing the nature and

patterns of atrocities especially against Dalit women and role of various non-

governmental organisations and also women organisations; (iv) studying

specific role and functions of administrative bodies/institutions in the atrocity

prone areas; (v) studying more cases of atrocities; (vi) analysing large number

of media reports and fact findings on atrocities against Dalits in recent past;

(vii) carrying out a comparative analysis of cases of atrocity against Dalits and

Scheduled Tribes to understand variations in the social, economic and political

dynamics perpetuating atrocities against these groups and also responses of

state machineries at local level; (viii) understanding the dominant emerging

issues based on collation of views of various stakeholders on various aspects

of atrocities against Dalits and STs; and (ix) studying the role and functions of

various national level organisations such as NHRC, SC/ST Commission, NCW,

etc. with regard to atrocities against disadvantaged sections of the Indian

society.

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v. Sankar Bhivasan Chavhan: The Travel of Struggle andMovement of Nomadic Tribes

This study is based on the life of one of the prominent activist Sankar Bhivasan

Chavhan (1935-2000), who belonged to Beldar nomadic tribe in Maharashtra.

The foregone prejudice against nomadic tribes as ‘criminals’; was precisely the

context in which Sankar Bhivsan Chavhaan contextualised the thoughts of Dr.

Ambedkar and initiated working against the social bias. His involvement with

such issues was seen as a challenge by the Panchayat which later ostracised

him from the community. It is important to understand Sankar Bhivasan

Chavhan’s struggle for social justice and bring to fore his contribution in social

movements and empowerment of nomadic tribes. The biography shall come

out in Marathi and Hindi languages.

2. Impact Assessment of Scheduled Caste Welfare Programmes

Supported by Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, Government of

India

i. Assessment of Post-matric Scholarship of SC/ST students

The objective of the scheme is to provide financial assistance to the Scheduled

Caste students studying at post matriculation or post-secondary stage to enable

them to complete their education. The study examines the impact of the

scheme on overall educational development of SC students.

ii. Assessment of Pre-matric Scholarship Scheme for Childrenfor those Engaged in Unclean Occupations

The objective of this scheme is to provide financial assistance to enable the

children of scavengers of dry latrines, tanners, flayers and sweepers who have

traditional links with scavenging to pursue their pre-matric education. The

study aims to make an assessment of the overall performance of the scheme.

iii. Assessment of the Scheme for Special EducationDevelopment for SC Girls Belonging to Low Literacy Level

The study assesses the mentioned scheme which aims to provide a package of

educational inputs through residential schools for Scheduled Castes girls in

areas of very low literacy and where traditions and environment are not

conducive to learning amongst SC girls.

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3. Social Inclusion in Multiple Spheres (2009–2011)

Supported by United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund

(UNICEF), India

i. Study of the Dynamics and Processes of Exclusion andDiscrimination in Maternal and Child Health Servicesamong Dalits and Minorities

The study is an analytical exercise to understand the levels, process and

dynamics of exclusion experienced by Dalits and Minorities (Muslims) focusing

on the Maternal, Neonatal, Child Health (MNCH) services. Though there is

macro level data available on accessibility of health services across social

groups, such data do not bring out the levels, dynamics and processes of

inequities and reveal the levels of exclusion that are experienced. Besides

understanding exclusion of Dalits and minorities from health services in

specific and comparative contexts, the study will help comprehend the levels

and processes by which Dalits and minorities are excluded from the MNCH

programme, which is one of the major health programmes for women and

children and provide suggestions to policy actors for their inclusion.

ii. Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) and Rightsof Children: An Exploratory Study

The Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS), is a major national welfare

programme to protect the basic rights to pre-school education, health care

and nutrition of children below the age of six years. The programme is

implemented through vast network of Anganwadi Centres (AWC). The

programme also prioritises underprivileged groups like SCs/STs and also to

its fair implementation. This study focuses on the role of AWC in the protection

of rights of children within the framework of delivery mechanism and

implementation process of ICDS programme with a specific focus on the issues

related to discriminatory practices in the implementation of various ICDS

programmes for the children below six years. The study proposes to address

some of the research questions, such as: How far AWC are able to protect and

promote the ‘positive freedoms’ of children below 6 years? Do all the children

irrespective of caste, religion, class, etc. have access to services provided by

AWC? Are the children of all social groups treated fairly in the process of

implementation of the programme? To what extent Dalits have ‘a meaningful

participation’, in the implementation of programmes? What problems AWC

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face in the implementation of the programme and also the problems in

addressing the needs of children? The study, thus, focuses on availability,

access, participation and treatment with regard to children of Dalits and other

socially disadvantaged sections, in the process of implementation of nutrition,

health and education services under ICDS Scheme.

iii. Inclusion in Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC)

Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC) was launched in 1999 by the Department of

Drinking Water Supply, under the Ministry of Rural Development, Government

of India. The data has shown that due to lack of sanitation facilities particularly

in rural areas a large number of children and adults have lost their lives. Most of

these victims belong to SC/ST communities who have poor health and hygiene

conditions. This research study focuses on how much community-led and

community-driven is TSC and how inclusive is the programme for the

marginalised communities especially Dalits, Adivasis and Muslims. This study

aims to address the access and participation of Dalit and Muslim communities,

identification of gaps in the service delivery, assessment of the role of TSC in

strengthening the social inclusion of communities and to understand an accurate,

current and ground level view of how, where, and to what extent discrimination

and exclusion operates in Total Sanitation Campaign programme.

iv. National Best Practice on Education: Case Study of Schools

Apart from protesting about the discriminatory practices at the political level,

some of the upwardly mobile Dalit youth have also come forward and opened-

up their own schools, locally also known as Dalit schools. While such schools

can be found in many pockets of India, their concentration is quite high in

western districts of Uttar Pradesh. There are more than 100 such schools in

the district of Saharanpur alone. What exactly is the motivation behind opening-

up of such schools? What has been the history of the growth of such schools in

the district? What is the quality of teaching and other infrastructure in these

schools? How do they compare with other schools in terms of pass percentages

and drop rates? How do these schools sustain themselves? What has been their

role in dealing with questions of social exclusion at the wider social and

economic level? Do they attract only Dalit children or they have become

popular with non-Dalit parents as well? How the identity of having studied in a

Dalit school plays out in the job market? Do the outgoing children feel

empowered or negatively labeled for having studied in a Dalit school? What

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can we learn from these schools for developing inclusive practices of

education? Apart from providing us information about the spirit of

entrepreneurship and the nature of change taking place among the Dalits in the

region, the study will tell us about the challenges being experienced by these

schools, their requirements and difficulties, which in turn can be a useful input

for those who wish to strengthen such initiatives.

v. International and National Best Practices on Inclusion inFood Security, Education, Health, Water and Sanitation

This project aims to develop inclusive policies against social exclusion and

develop best practice modules in nutrition, health, food security schemes,

education, water and sanitation, housing, civic amenities and similar services

supplied by government and government sponsored agencies and private

providers. The focus of this exercise is to develop policies that can safeguard

these groups from the susceptibility to exclusion, discrimination and poverty.


The main purpose of PACS programme is to identify the institutional and

organizational constraints in removing poverty of the socially marginalised

groups in Indian society, develop the policy and strategy and share with the

CBO/NGO engaged in the PAC plus programme to adopt the same. IIDS is part

of I-FIRST Consortium, selected by DFID to implement PACS programme.

IIDS proposes to undertake this programme in the following manner: (a)

Undertaking research studies on forms and consequences of social exclusion

in market and non-market spheres, study of government schemes and issues

related to discrimination; (b) Undertaking direct baseline survey, study,

documentation, research on social exclusion and poverty analysis; (c) Provide

policy input which will be based on the findings of theoretical and empirical

research, develop remedies; (d) Preparation of a training manual and literature

on various dimensions of social exclusion, discrimination and poverty; (e)

Providing knowledge support to Civil Society Organisations, NGOs,

Government and Others through dissemination of knowledge generated

through research, to build-up the capabilities of civil society; (f) Providing

support to CSOs in action study, documentation, research on social exclusion

and poverty analysis; (g) Capacity building of CSOs & CBOs on developing

conceptual framework of social exclusion and linkages with poverty; and (h)

Support in developing linkages and engagement with private sector and the

Government agencies.

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Ongoing Projects

1. Political Factors, Government Spending and Agricultural Growth and

Poverty Linkages, Phase II

2. Socio-economic Background of MLA’s from 16 Major States of India

3. Dalits and Land Rights in India: Case Study of Land Grabbing in

Andhra Pradesh

1. Political Factors, Government Spending and AgriculturalGrowth and Poverty Linkages, Phase II

Supported by International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI),

Washington DC, USA

The long term trend over fifty year period from 1951-52 to 1990-2000 revealed

three distinct phases, namely early 1950s –1970s during which poverty

fluctuated without any clear trends. Secondly, 1970-1990s where a steady

reduction in poverty occurred and lastly, during 1990s poverty tended to

decline, but the rate of reduction slowed down considerably as compared to

the preceding period. The overall objective of the proposed study is to draw

on India’s rich and diverse experience to identify how political, social and

governance factors can attribute to increasing performance in the provision

of public goods and services and implementation of the programmes that are

important for pro-poor development. The study focuses on to what extent

political factors i.e. the state-led development, political parties, regime types,

land reforms, government spending have an impact on agricultural growth

and poverty reduction, to which extent does political, administrative and fiscal

decentralisation empowered the rural poor and to what extent does the social

factors like caste, culture and ethnicity of the Members of Parliament and the

Members of Legislative Assemblies determine exclusion and persistence of

poverty among the marginalised sections of the society.

2. Socio-economic Background of MLA’s from 16 Major Statesof India

Supported by International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI),

Washington DC, USA

This project is part of the research programme on “Political Factors,

Government Spending and Agriculture Growth and Poverty Linkages”

sponsored by IFPRI, USA. The project compiled data on social and economic

background of Members of Legislative Assemblies (MLAs) from sixteen states

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of India; for analysing to what extent the social factors like caste, culture and

ethnicity of the MLAs determine exclusion and the persistence of poverty

among the marginalised sections of the society, which was the major objective

of the research programme. The data collected include religion and caste

backgrounds of MLAs, their constituencies, political party from which they

contested election; education, profession and age at the time of election from

1951 to 2004. The states covered under the study are Andhra Pradesh, Assam,

Bihar, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka,

Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Orissa, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar

Pradesh and West Bengal.

3. Dalits and Land Rights in India: Case Study of LandGrabbing in Andhra Pradesh,

Supported by Justice and Peace, Netherlands

The main thrust of the study is to capture the types of impunity involved in the

process of land grabbing from Dalits of Andhra Pradesh. The study deals with

two important issues: a framework for the analysis of land grabbing in human

rights parameter and institutional responsibility in the process of land

grabbing. The study is divided into three parts, that is, introduction to the

cases, nature and process of land grabbing and ethnographic analysis of land

grabbing situations in the state. The analysis of the study will be based on

primary data collection from different stakeholders. A structured schedule

has been prepared to capture the process of land grabbing for the selected 60

cases, also documents such as (rent receipt, revenue receipt, application letters,

FIR, land pattas etc.) relating to each case from both official and non-official

sources are being collected. This possibly provides the details on possession

of land holding, perpetrators information, and other details. The data is

supported by legal documents.

Research Proposals Submitted during 2009-10

1. Marginalisation of Fisher Communities in SEZ’s: A Case Study of Fisher

Community in the Mundra Portand Special Economic Zones, Proposal

prepared by Firdaus Fathima Rizvi, Fellow, IIDS

2. Dalit Women Political Participation in the Parliament, Proposal prepared

by Nidhi Sadana Sabharwal, Fellow, IIDS, Submitted to IDRC

3. Empowering Cantonment Residents to Access their Constitutional Rights

and Influence Local Decision Making, Civil Society Challenge Fund, 2010,

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in partnership with Karuna Trust, UK, Proposal prepared by Nidhi Sadana

Sabharwal and Saswatee Rath, Fellow and Associate Fellow, IIDS,

Submitted to DFID

4. Support for Social Inclusion and Social Protection of Workers in the

Informal Economy and of Vulnerable Groups at Community level: A Study

in four Countries Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India and Nepal, Call for

Promoting Social Cohesion, Employment and Decent Work, in

partnership with ODI, UK, 2010, Proposal prepared by Nidhi Sadana

Sabharwal and Saswatee Rath, Fellow and Associate Fellow, IIDS,

Submitted to European Commission

5. Atrocities and Discrimination on Dalits in Urban Areas of India and Nepal,

in partnership with Karuna Trust, UK, 2009, Proposal prepared by Nidhi

Sadana Sabharwal, Fellow, IIDS, Submitted to DFID

6. Vocational Education and Training for Vulnerable and Marginalised

Groups in India: A thorough Assessment of Systemic Blockages to VE&T

among Dalit and Tribal People in 40 Backward Regions of India across

Bihar, Gujarat, Haryana, Maharashtra, Orissa and Tamil Nadu in

partnership with Karuna Trust, UK, 2009, submitted to European

Commission

7. Inter-religious Disparities in Human Development: Study of Religious

Minorities in India, Proposal prepared by Sobin George, Fellow, IIDS.

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Policy Research and Linkages

Through theoretical and empirical research IIDS suggests inclusive policies

against discrimination and inequalities and remedies against exclusion-linked

deprivations, inequalities, poverty, human rights violations, inter-group

conflicts and economic backwardness and then reach out to the main

stakeholders who are engaged in framing and advocacy of policies. The policy

research which has been undertaken in the year 2009-2010 is as follows:

1. Self-employment Scheme of National Scheduled Caste Finance and


2. Assessment of Self-employment Scheme for Rehabilitation of

Manual Scavengers

3. Assessment of National Safai Karamcharis Finance and Development

Corporation

4. Central Sector Scheme for Free Coaching for SC/ST Students

5. Assessment of Babu Jagjivan Ram Chattravas Yojana

6. Gendered Risks, Poverty and Vulnerability in India: Case Study of

the Indian National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (Madhya

Pradesh)

7. Atrocities against Dalits: Emerging Pattern

8. Mapping Caste-based Atrocities in India: The Report 2009-10

9. Affirmative Action in Private Sector: International and National

Guidelines for Affirmative Action in Employment for Indian

Companies and Multi-nationals Operating in India

Some of the selected achievements in policy advocacy are as follows:

Affirmative Action Policy for Private Sector

IIDS engaged in the debate on affirmative action policy in the private sector

for SC and ST. It published books and brought out a number of papers and

policy briefs on the issue. The private sector has modified its affirmative action

policy in which IIDS played a vital role.

Social Exclusion and Poverty Policy

During one year period, IIDS prepared a concept paper on “Social Exclusion

linked Poverty “, sponsored by DFID, which ultimately lead to a policy

document by DFID and brought out a programme “Poorest Area Civil society”

(PACS). Its focus is social exclusion and poverty in India among the excluded

groups.

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Child and Social Exclusion

IIDS undertook research studies on discrimination in schools and health care

services with assistance from UNICEF, which has facilitated to bring about

some modifications in the policies framed for school education in India.

Gender and Social Exclusion

National seminar on ‘Dalit Women: Rights and Citizenship in India’ was held on

19th March 2009 to share the discourse on the problem (marginalisation) of

Dalit women emerging from Phase 1 of the research project on ‘Dalit Women’s

Rights and Citizenship in India’. This seminar provided a forum for knowledge

sharing between policy-makers, practitioners and academics on the challenges

faced by Dalit women and opportunity of influencing pro-active policy,

strategies and legislation for enhancing Dalit women’s right and entitlement.

Labour Market Discrimination Based on Caste

The research study by IIDS on labour market discrimination in rural areas

sponsored by ILO, has influenced the policy of the ILO towards labour in India.

Government Policy towards Discriminated Groups as part of

11th Plan

IIDS research study and membership in groups in Planning Commission has

helped the Government to develop the 11th Plan Strategy for SCs in concerned

ministries.

Policy of United Nation Development Programme, Christian Aid,

Ford Foundation, Action Aid, World Food Programme (UN)

towards Discriminated Groups

The engagements with these funding and development agencies has made an

impact on their approach and policies of focusing on the discriminated groups.

Feedback to Members of Parliament

IIDS provides feedback to Members of Parliament on the related issues, on

affirmative action policy in private sector, budgetary allocations for the

marginalised communities and other issues concerning the marginalised

communities.

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IV. PUBLICATIONS, DISSEMINATION

AND OUTREACH

IIDS brought out four books during the reporting year and 12 are forth-coming.

This year IIDS published 13 working papers and 12 are forthcoming. Details of

publications and research output are given below:

Books Published

Blocked by Caste: Economic Discrimination and Social Exclusion

in Modern India, Sukhadeo Thorat and Katherine S. Newman (eds.), New

Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2010

This book is a compilation of 13 essays, which

investigate discrimination by focusing on the urban

labour market as well as rural markets providing

empirical evidences. It also analyses discrimination in

non-market transactions like access to education,

primary healthcare services, and fair price shops. The

book explores contemporary patterns of economic

discrimination and underlying attitudinal orientations

that contribute to inequality in various spheres of life

of Dalits and religious minorities like Muslims. Through

detailed case studies, and interface of caste and

economy, the essays examine consequences of

exclusion on unequal access to business, wage-earning, health status, and

educational attainments and suggest possible remedies. The book underscores

importance of developing an interface between economics and social sciences

in order to give greater visibility to the subject of discrimination.

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Dalits in India: Search for Common

Destiny, Sukhadeo Thorat, New Delhi: Sage

Publication, 2009

The book is an extensive study-based compilation

which presents socio-economic status of Scheduled

Castes in India. It provides policies directed for

the Dalit empowerment; in particular through

changes in various indicators assumed to be the

registers for mapping human development. The

recognition of the problems of the Schedule Castes

is premised on historical processes of economic and

social exclusion and discrimination based on caste identity. The book relies on

micro-level studies and empirical evidences which is further supplemented

with the analysis of the data. The structure of the book including tables, figures

spread across 14 chapters weave a strong pattern of the discourse on Dalits

and brings forth insight on various policy directions. The floating discourse

touched upon in the work on historical and structural deprivations, engages as

bedrock for Dalits in search for a common Destiny.

Prabhutva aur Pratirodh: Bhartiye Dalit Kahaniyan, Volume II,Vimal Thorat and Suraj Badtiya (eds.), IIDS andAnamika Publications, 2010

This book is a collection of stories from twelve

regional languages of India. The social ly

marginalised groups and exploited communities

revolt against the historical suppression and

economic oppression. Different vernacular literary

sensibilities capture the uproar in subtle forms. This

book attempts to create a bridge in overcoming the

language barriers and covers wider readership.

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Satta Sanskriti aur Dalit Saundrayashastra, Suraj Badtiya, IIDSand Anamika Publications, 2010

This book addresses historically marginalised

sections of the society: Dalits, Women and Tribals.

It also attempts to examine the inequalities and

exploitation deeply embedded in Indian caste

society. Moreover, it focuses the Nirguna Sant

movement and its importance in creating a just

society. It reflects the thoughts and values of

Ambedkar’s philosophy. The Aesthetics of Hindi

literature and the concepts and principles of Dalit

history are very well captured in this research work.

It is resourceful in understanding various contours

of aesthetics.

Completed Working Papers

1. Diversity, Discrimination or Difference: Case Study

Aotearoa/New Zealand, Patrica Maringi G. Johnston, Vol. IV,

Number 01, 2010

The author examines how racial discourses and ideologies were

constructed to mobilise the belief of difference as inferior. The

Colonisers created an inferior ‘Other’ through racial ideologue and

unequal structures to control Maori groups. It is argued how the

notion of ‘difference’ also became instrumental in building the Maori

traditional university and development of indigenous tertiary

institutions in New Zealand. This initiative led to re-connecting Maori

with their identity, culture, language and knowledge. This counter-

model incorporates distinct Maori knowledge base and uses it to

critique, describe, review and analyse both Maori and non-Maori

knowledge systems.

2. Dalits in Business: Self-employed Scheduled Castes in

North-west India, Surinder S. Jodhka, Vol. IV, Number 02, 2010

The author draws insights on the expansion of private capital in India

during post-1991 period which also marked important ideological

shift; that is socialist rhetoric growing mute and emerging markets

and middle-class occupying the central stage. The paper focuses on

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self-employed Dalits in business and small-scale entrepreneurship

and the consequences of expanding private sector, such as

constriction of the space of historically marginalised groups in India.

It explores the issues of how and in what ways caste matters in

business and entrepreneurship, specifically in subtle mannerism and

bias; varying from difficulty in getting enough supplies on credit,

lack of social networks, absence of kin groups in the business and

control of traditionally dominant business caste groups. These along

with other social variables such as lack of social capital, make the

Dalit situation in India more complicated and vulnerable to

homogeneous categorisation.

3. Dalits with Disabilities: The Neglected Dimension of Social

Exclusion, Gobinda C. Pal, Vol. IV, Number 03, 2010

The paper explores in-depth consequences of inter-relation between

Dalits and disability in India. It draws corollary between the two

concepts that is physically challenged and caste-based disadvantage,

discrimination, and deprivation of opportunities in different spheres

of day to day life. Dalit identity coupled with born disability or

acquired disability after birth means living not only with limitations,

higher dependency, social stigma and deprivation of opportunities

for self-development but more of a helpless acceptance of exclusion,

dissuading essentially basic needs of life. The paper advocates special

consideration for the Dalits with disabilities as they face,

discrimination in multiple forms.

4. Ethnicity, Religion and Culture based Discrimination: A

Study of Malaysia, S.N. Malakar and Chittaranjan Senapati, Vol.

IV, Number 04, 2010

The study emphasises mass Asian immigration into Malaysia and

the influx of Chinese immigrants that was initiated and encouraged

by the colonial power and which have largely contributed in the

emergence of multi-ethnic character of Malaysia. The colonial

capitalism shaped the political economy of Malaysia and created

certain patterns of uneven development, economic disparities and

social divisions. The paper broadly explores the nature and extent

of ethnic, religious and cultural diversity within the communities

and the degree of stratification and inequality that has become

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prevalent over the years. Also ethnicity, religion and culture have

become convenient political resources in an unconstructive sense

causing insecurity and disadvantages.

5. Comparative Contexts of Discrimination: Caste and

Untouchability in South Asia, Surinder S. Jodhka and

Ghanshyam Shah, Vol. IV, Number 05, 2010

The paper offers brief introduction to the prevailing Dalit situation

in respective countries while identifying specific problems of social

inequality, discrimination and deprivation of Dalit groups. The four

studies undertaken by IIDS clearly highlight that even when

meanings of untouchability or its sources (religion or tradition) vary

across regions, as also its forms from physical touch and residential

segregation to taboos and restrictions on inter-dining, physical

movement or pursuing occupations of their choice; nevertheless the

effect on these placed at the bottom are quite similar, economic

deprivation, social exclusion and a life of humiliation.

6. Ethnicity, Religion and Culture Based Exclusion and

Discrimination in Aotearoa/New Zealand, Martin Fuchs and

Antje Linkenbach, Vol. IV Number 06, 2010

The paper looks into ‘Treaty of Waitangi’ which not only scribed the

diction of modern New Zealand, but is also known to have affirmed

sovereignty of the British Crown. The paper interestingly draws focus

on the impasse arising out of the translation of the Treaty Document

as a subject of continuing interpretations; whether or not the Treaty

guaranteed sovereignty to the British crown. The original Treaty

Document signed by Tribal leaders in Maori language was a

translation of the draft of English version. The English and the Maori

versions of the Treaty being different, over the period of incessant

attempts led toward variant interpretations. Over the period, to

arrive at consensual translation of the content of the Treaty led to

legislative negotiations on the principles and the content of Treaty.

7 . Caste-based Discrimination in South Asia: A Study of

Bangladesh, Iftekhar Uddin Chowdhury, Vol. III, Number 07,

2009

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The paper delineates the forms of descent and work-based

discrimination in Bangladesh society. Through an empirical study,

the paper spells out the nature and extent of untouchability, descent

and work-based discrimination and social exclusion in the

contemporary Bangladesh where the practice of caste and work-

based degradation has become an accepted norm. It also identifies

the nature of discrimination and thereof its consequences on both

Hindu and Muslim social groups. The paper also highlights the near

total absence of protection initiatives and programmes to address

discrimination in all spheres of life. More importantly, the paper

offers possibilities of comparative perspective on discrimination

across rural-urban and majority-minority communities.

8. Caste-based Discrimination in Nepal, Krishna B. Bhattachan,

Tej B. Sunar and Yasso Kanti Bhattachan (Gauchan), Vol. III,

Number 08, 2009

This paper provides insights into a number of historical markers that

have been responsible for re-structuring of the State, including the

practice of caste-based discrimination and untouchability against

Dalits in Nepal. It reveals the in-depth nature of regional, linguistic,

religious, cultural, gender and class-based discrimination and

exclusion in Nepal. The Constitutional provisions and policies with

prior focus on historical discourses and contemporary situation

complement the role of civil society organisations. This foregrounds

the study in historical context and also draws relevance in the

contemporary scenario; which serves an important indicator to draw

newer and more realistic policies. The study, however, advocates that

caste-based discrimination, including untouchability, could be

eliminated by synchronic concerted efforts from the existing operators

in Constitutional, political and cultural matrix.

Completed Working Paper Series

1. Exclusion and Discrimination in Schools: Experiences of

Dalit Children, Geetha B. Nambissan, Vol. I, No. 01, 2009, IIDS

- UNICEF Series

This paper deals with the major issues of oppressive and unjust

hierarchies of caste system that ‘lock’ Dalit children from full

participation in education within schools. Drawing insights from

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classroom participation, the analysis reveals the levels at which caste

as a defining feature of inter-personal and social relationships

continues to have prominence. It is a study that catapults children’s

perspectives and experiences in relation to constraining and enabling

factors at the institutional, familial (and communal) and individual

levels. Indeed, so to say, educational institution seen as the critical

platform for change becomes the medium and the very apparatus to

insinuate humiliation and discrimination at the inception of caste

identity. In other words, the discriminatory practices have been

internalized by the higher caste groups towards the Dalit (teacher,

colleague, student, peer groups) in education and social networking

on every day basis.

2. Experience of Discrimination and Social Exclusion in

Health Care Utilization among Dalit Children, Sanghmitra

S. Acharya, Vol. I, No. 02, 2010, IIDS - UNICEF Series

The paper looks at the nature and forms of discrimination

experienced by Dalit children in accessing health services provided

by the primary health centres and private sector providers in rural

areas. Employing a blend of public health and social exclusion

approaches, this field based study measures the degree of

discrimination in health care for Dalit children in various spheres. It

is argued that the consequences of discriminatory practices severely

limit Dalit children from accessing health services, and are

attributable to the poor health and high level of mortality of Dalit

children in the studied areas. The paper also reflects on

discrimination differential between public and private sector health

care.

3. Christian Communities of India: A Social and Historical

Overview, Rowena Robinson, Vol. I, No. 01, 2010, IIDS - RaD

Series

The paper constructs a historical and contemporary profile of Indian

Christians, bringing out differences across regions, castes and

economic strata. It emphasises sharp differences among Christians,

comprised of a number of different regional and local communities

but are recognised by the State as monolithic minority community.

The attempt is to demonstrate the construction of Christians as a

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minority having complex and uneven implications for the

community. Instead of viewing Christians in isolation, it is far

significant to view these in terms of their altering relationships with

the State and with other communities. This perspective allows for

the analysis of multiple issues such as abortion, reservation and

conversion concerning Christians in the contemporary scenario.

4. The Sikhs Today: A Development Profile, Surinder S. Jodhka,

Vol. I, No. 02, 2010, IIDS - RaD Series

The paper focuses on the internal differences and dynamics of Sikh

population in different parts of the country, identifying demographic

characteristics of the Sikh population. The discussion encapsulates

preliminary analysis of gender issues, developmental challenges in

social and political life. It is argued that community is not

homogenous and continues to be divided on caste lines. It brings to

the fore the fact that the development aspects of religion continue to

be blind spots in the literature on Sikhism. Much of the minority

politics of Sikhs in India during the post-independence period has

been identity-centric and although the movements had development

dimension, indeed, their effect was not developmental. More

pertinently, issues such as gender, environmental sustainability,

health and caste exclusion, have not yet found a place in the

mainstream community discourse of the Sikhs.

5. Socio-economic Characteristics of Tribal Communities

That Call Themselves Hindu, Vinay Kumar Srivastava, Vol.

I, No. 03, 2010, IIDS - RaD Series

This paper tracks down some significant trends and issues that were

prevalent between the tribals and external social structures, precisely

the interaction with the Hindu communities and the influence of

Hinduism. Since the tribals lived in contiguity with caste Hindu

communities, and had viable social and economic exchanges with

them; therefore many tribal groups eventually absorbed Hindu traits

and ways of living. This process of adopting the Hindu idiom and

way of life did not necessarily imply giving up their own complex of

deities and lifestyles. In fact, these were combined without

precipitating any contradictions. This, however, did not come about

to mean that tribal people have been uncritical of the Hindu system.

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Their expression to return to ‘golden period’ becomes important

background against which the tribal movements (including those of

religious revival) need to be understood.

Hindi Working Papers

1. Nepal Main Jaati Aadharit Bhedbhav, Puran Singh and Suraj Badtiya

(tr.), Vol. I, No. 01, December 2009.

2. Dakshin Asia Main Jaati Aadharit Bhedbhav: Bangladesh Ka

Adhayan, Puran Singh and Suraj Badtiya (tr), Vol. I, No. 02,

December 2009.

3. Sri Lanka Main Jaatigat Bhedbhav aur Samajik Nayay ek

Paridrishaya, Puran Singh and Suraj Badtiya (tr), Vol. I, No. 03,

December 2009.

Forthcoming Books

1. Caste, Discrimination and Inequality, Essays in Economics and

Society, Sukhadeo Thorat, Oxford, New Delhi.

2. Dalit Human Development Report, Sukhadeo Thorat and Martin

Macwan, Sage, New Delhi.

3. Dalit Art and Imagery, Gary Michael Tartakov (ed.), Oxford

University Press.

4. A Reader in Dalit Studies, John Webster and Sukhadeo Thorat (eds.),

IIDS and Rawat Publications, Jaipur.

5. Religion, Communities and Development: Changing Contours of

Politics and Policy in India, Gurpreet Mahajan and Surinder S.

Jodhka (eds.), Routledge, New Delhi.

6. A Volume on Comparative Literature, Vimal Thorat and Suraj

Bartiya (eds.).

7. My Story - Dalit Atrocities, Struggles and Future, Martin Macwan

(Translated and edited by Prashant Negi) IIDS and Rawat

Publications.

8. Social Justice Philanthropy: A Study of Dalit NGOs, Sukhadeo

Thorat and Martin Macwan.

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9. Hindi Dalit Kavita: Swapan aur Yatharth, Vimal Thorat and Suraj

Badtiya (eds.), IIDS and Anamika Publication.

10. Hindi Dalit Aalochana’, Vimal Thorat and Suraj Badtiya (eds.), IIDS

and Anamika Publication.

11. Om Prakash Valmik ke Sakshatkar, Vimal Thorat and Suraj Badtiya

(eds.), IIDS and Anamika Publication.

12. Compilation of Hindi Dalit Plays, Vimal Thorat and Dalip Katheria

(eds.), IIDS and Anamika Publication.

Forthcoming Working Papers

1. Hostel Schemes for Dalit Students: How Inclusive and Incentive

Oriented for Higher Education? Sobin George and Deeba Naseem,

Vol. IV, No. 7.

2. Caste and Social Exclusion: Issues Related to Concept, Indicators

and Measurement, Sukhadeo Thorat and Nidhi Sadana, IIDS-

UNICEF Vol. II, No. 1.

3. Engaging with Caste: Academic Discourses, Identity Politics and

State Policy, Surinder S. Jodhka, IIDS-UNICEF, Vol. 2, No. 2.

4. Dalit Isaiyon Par Jati Adharit Bhedbhav va Atyachar Evam

Aarakshan ki Aavasyaktaa, Prakash Louis, translated into Hindi by

Dalip Katheria.

5. Addressing Human Poverty through Socially Inclusive Policies,

PACS, Sukhadeo Thorat and Nidhi Sadana, IIDS Working Paper

Series.

6. Indian Muslims since 1947: A General Overview of Their

Experiences of “Development”, Yoginder Sikand, IIDS-RaD Working

Paper Series.

7. The Predicament of India’s Muslims: Between Minoritisation and

Marginalisation, Amir Ali, IIDS-RaD Working Paper Series.

8. Hinduism: A Sociological Profile, Hia Sen, IIDS-RaD Working Paper

Series.

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9. The Story of a Minority Community: Kolkatta-Sikhs in

Contemporary Times, Himadri Banerjee, IIDS-RaD Working Paper

Series.

10. Post Colonial Bihar Muslims: Socio-economic Diversities and

Political Behaviour, Muhammad Sajjad, IIDS-RaD Working Paper

Series.

11. Religions and Development in India, Amit Thorat, IIDS-RaD

Working Paper Series.

12. Caste and Hinduism: Religion, Development and Deprivation, Vinay

Kumar Srivastava, IIDS-RaD Working Paper Series.

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Dissemination and Outreach

IIDS disseminates it research output to a wider audience, including academia,

students, civil society organisations, policy making bodies, NGOs, INGOs and

bilateral agencies through workshops, seminars, consultations, trainings and

publications. IIDS has a mandate to provide knowledge support to civil society

organisations engaged at local, regional, national and international levels in

‘advocacy works’ and empowerment of the marginalised communities. It also

undertakes research in collaboration with civil society organisations and

disseminates written materials, organises lectures, workshops, seminars, and

discussions for their empowerment.

IIDS has extended knowledge support to various civil society organisations

working at national and grassroots levels; in the fields of reservation in private

sector, affirmative action, atrocities. Similarly IIDS has provided policy inputs

to Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, GoI; Ministry of Rural

Development, GoI; Planning Commission, GoI; State Governments of Gujarat

and Maharashtra, and Members of Parliament.

Seminars, Workshops, Consultation, Training and Lectures

International Seminar on Comparative Contexts of

Discrimination: Social Exclusion and Equal Opportunity

Policies in Asia, New Delhi, 6-8 May, 2009

The seminar was part of the dissemination of the studies completed by IIDS on

descent-based discrimination in nine countries of Asia. The seminar was

planned to share some of these studies with scholars working on similar themes

from different parts of the world. The seminar addressed specific issues such

as: (a) forms and nature of descent-based caste, ethnicity, religion, race -

discrimination and social exclusions in its multiple manifestation in economic,

social, political, cultural and other spheres (b) interlocking character of

discrimination and its compounding effects; (c) consequences of discrimination

and social exclusion on citizenship rights, access to income earning assets,

employment, education, political participation, including the role in

governance, economic inequalities and intergroup conflicts; (d) policies

adopted by the countries to surmount the consequences of discrimination and

social exclusion, with focus on provision in constitution, legal measures and

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other policies of economic, social and political empowerment; (e) lessons from

the policies in other countries.

The seminar was inaugurated by Shri Somnath Chatterjee, Hon’ble Speaker of

Lok Sabha. Prof. Vani K. Barooah, Ulster University, Northern Ireland

delivered the keynote address and Prof. Abhijit Sen, Member of Planning

Commission made the Valedictory speech in the seminar. Scholars from

various countries such as Bangladesh, China, New Zealand, Philippines, Sri

Lanka, UK and India participated in the seminar. About 100 participants were

in the seminar.

Workshop on “Gender and Social Protection Research Design”

by IIDS and ODI, New Delhi, 10-12 August, 2009.

The workshop was jointly organised by Overseas Development Institute (ODI)

and IIDS to design the methodology of the study on “Gender and Social

Protection” in seven countries, including Indonesia, Vietnam, Ethiopia, India,

Ghana, Mexico and Peru. The workshop aimed to facilitate a common

conceptual understanding of gender, vulnerability and social protection among

all eight country partners; to jointly design a common methodological

approach; to discuss dissemination and communication strategies and to

provide a forum for south-south knowledge sharing. The issue of social

protection in the context of the study was also conceptualised in the workshop.

All participants from different countries discussed country-specific social

protection schemes. It was followed by discussion on designing of household

survey, key informant interview and focused group discussion.

Seminar on “Inequality and Affirmative Action” by Centre for

Political Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University and IIDS, New Delhi,

9-10 November, 2009.

This conference was organised as part of the research programme on

‘Inequality and Affirmative Action in South Asia’, a project of Goldsmith

College, UK. The conference was inaugurated by Prof. Sukhadeo Thorat,

Chairman, University Grants Commission. Scholars from India and abroad

presented papers on the following themes: (a)Theorising Inequality and

Affirmative Action; (b) Categorisation and Historical Aspects of Affirmative

Actions; (c) OBCs and the Current Debate; (d) Women and Religious Minorities;

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(e) Reservation for Dalits and Indigeneous People; (f) Education and New

Dimensions; (g) New Commissions and Alternative Mechanisms.

Round Table Meeting on “Affirmative Action Policy in Private

Sector” at Calcutta Chamber of Commerce, Kolkata, 22 November, 2009

The round table discussed inter-connected issues of participation of private

sector in higher education and reservation in private sector jobs. The

participants were private sector representatives and Members of Calcutta

Chamber of Commerce and Industry. Professor Sukhdeo Thorat, Chairman,

University Grant Commission (UGC) made the keynote address in the meeting.

Seminar on “Life after the Riots: Violence, Rehabilitation and

Citizenship” Ahmedabad, 15 December, 2009

The seminar was part of the dissemination of the research project “Religions

and Development” jointly undertaken by IIDS and University of Birmingham.

The seminar discussed findings of the study “Seeking a ‘new’ Normal: Post-

conflict Coping Strategies in Ahmedabad and Mumbai” by Dipankar Gupta.

Besides, the presentation of the study, discussions were held on the following

thematic areas: (a) seeking justice; aspiring to citizenship status; (b) various

challenges to rehabilitation

The seminar was followed by screening of two short documentary films made

by students of Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad, highlighting the

plight of the people living in some of the rehabilitation colonies in Ahmedabad.

The seminar was attended by about 60 people, including some members of the

riot-affected families, activists working in the riot-affected areas both in

Mumbai and Ahmedabad and intellectuals and social scientists, who came

together and reflected upon the riots and those affected.

Release of Translation of Working Papers in Hindi, and Lecture

by Laxman Gayakwad at Sahitya Academy, New Delhi, 24

December, 2009

The meeting was organised as part of the launch of IIDS Hindi Working Paper

Series. Thus, realising the need to disseminate IIDS research outputs into Hindi

language, the Institute brought out the translation of three working papers

into Hindi. These were released in the meeting followed by a talk by Laxman

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Gayakwad on “Dalit Activism in India”. Gayakwad in his talk stressed the need

to strengthen the Dalit movements in North India, drawing on its success in

Maharashtra. Around hundred people from various walks of life, including

Dalit writers, academics, activists and students participated in the programme.

Round Table Meeting on Affirmative Action Policy in Private

Sector, IIDS and ASSOCHAM, New Delhi, 15 January, 2010.

The objective of the round table meeting was to share the views on reservations

in private sector and understand various steps taken by bodies like ASSOCHAM

towards addressing discrimination against marginalised in the private sector

jobs. Shri Vinay Rai, Chairman, ASSO-CHAM Education Committee introduced

the issues to the audience and initiated the discussion, which was followed by

presentations from Professor Surinder S. Jodhka, Director IIDS and Professor

Sukhadeo Thorat, Chairman University Grants Commission. Members of

ASSOCHAM participated in the round table, representing the private sector.

Workshop on “Religions, Values and Public Policy in

Contemporary India”, University of Hyderabad, 28-29 January,

2010.

This workshop was organised as part of the dissemination of the study

undertaken by Vinod Paravala and Kanchan Malik under the project “Religions

and Development”. In the two day workshop, the research findings of the study

“Religion, Ethics and Attitudes toward Corruption” were presented. The

objective of the workshop was to find out how or in what forms the findings

and feedback could be communicated to other stakeholders and disseminate

to larger audiences. The workshop was attended by around 60 participants,

including academics, civil society organisations, faith-based organisations,

representatives from Government departments, media persons and students.

The workshop deliberated on the following thematic sessions: (a) Implications

for Public Policy (Religions, Ethics and Attitudes toward Corruption)

Government & Corporate Sectors; (b) Implications for Public Policy

(Religions, Ethics and Attitudes toward Corruption) Academics and Media;

and (c) Implications for Public Policy (Religions, Ethics and Attitudes toward

Corruption) Development Sector & Religious/Faith-based Organisations.

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Seminar on “Dalit Women Rights and Citizenship in India”, New

Delhi, 19 March, 2010

The objective of the seminar was to discuss and disseminate the results of the

study on “Dalit Women Rights and Citizenship in India” undertaken by IIDS.

Apart from that, scholars working on similar areas presented their papers. The

conference was inaugurated by Dr. C.P. Joshi, Union Minister for Rural

Development, Government of India. The seminar provided a forum for

knowledge-sharing between policy-makers, practitioners and academics on

the challenges faced by Dalit women and opportunity of influencing pro-active

policies, strategies and legislation for enhancing Dalit women’s rights and

entitlement. The participants provided feedback on the feminist discourse

and Dalit women’s question, Dalit women’s articulation of self, the current

socio-economic and political status and emerging issues for further inquiry.

Also the recommendations on Dalit women rights and citizenship in India were

resourceful for further inquiry.

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IIDS In-house Seminars

IIDS promotes in-house discussions on the research studies on contemporary

issues of social exclusion, deprivation and human poverty. Following the in-

house seminar series, IIDS organised following lectures during the year under

reporting:

1 “Vision of IIDS” by Sukhadeo Thorat, Managing Trustee, IIDS, 21

May, 2009

2 “Socio-Economic Profile of Dalits with Disabilities (DwD) : Some

Reflections” by Gobinda C. Pal, Fellow, IIDS, 7 July, 2009

3 “Caste and Ownership of Private Enterprises” by Nidhi Sadana,

Fellow IIDS on 25 July, 2009

4 “Experiences of Dalit Activism” by Martin Macwan, Chairman IIDS,

27 July, 2009

5 “Revisiting the “Tribe” Debate and Mapping the Boundaries of Tribal

Studies in India” by Abhay Xaxa, Fellow IIDS, 4 August, 2009

6 “Courtesan Roles in Hindi Cinema: Type-cast Identification of

Muslim Women” by Gowhar Yaqoob, Fellow & Editor, IIDS, 18

August, 2009

7 “Dynamics and Processes of Exclusion and Discrimination in

Maternal and Child Health Services among Dalits and Minorities” by

Sobin George, Fellow IIDS, 11 September, 2009

8 “Future Directions in Research on Dalit Issues” by Thorvald Sirnes,

Centre for the Study of Sciences and the Humanities, Norway, 26

October, 2009

9 “Sant Sahitya evam Dalit Andolan” by Chauthi Ram Yadav, Banaras

Hindu University, 13 November, 2009

10 “Scope of Disseminating Research Findings through Solutions

Exchange” by Radhika Desai, UN Solution Exchange, 8 December,

2009

1 1 “Future Directions for IIDS Research” by Sukhadeo Thorat,

Managing Trustee, IIDS, 9 February, 2010

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IIDS Library

IIDS library is an exclusive research and reference library having a reasonable

collection of books, government documents and publications. Besides books

on various social science subjects, the library has a substantial collection of

statistical publications and survey reports: National Sample Survey

Organisation (NSSO), National Family Health Survey (NFHS), Population and

Economic Census, and Economic Survey. The library has a collection of about

900 books and 700 reports on various subjects. The library has a

comprehensive collection of books on Dalits and Dr. B. R. Ambedkar. There

are a number of working papers, occasional papers, discussion papers of other

organisations and institutions. The library is widely accessed by academics,

researchers and activists from India and abroad. All the library functions are

fully automated using library management software (KOHA). Bibliographical

details of library collections are accessible through Online Public Access

Catalogue (OPAC) within LAN.

Data Support

Dalit studies in India suffer from paucity of data and also from the lack of a

centralised database. IIDS has created Data Unit and Documentation Centre

with the capacity of processing and analysing large data sets, both primary

survey based and secondary data from NSSO, NFHS, etc, facilitating research.

Besides, IIDS has developed a database on various aspects related to the

marginalised communities in India. IIDS also has developed a detailed database

for all-India and state level for the Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, Other

Backward Castes, and also by religious groups. These data have been widely

used by academics, students, government agencies, bilateral agencies, national

and international NGOs, activists and others.

Website Dissemination

IIDS website is one of the major channels of dissemination of its research

output. Abstracts of books, working papers, related publications and details of

research programmes, summaries of research reports, projects and database

are available on the website. All working papers are uploaded regularly and

can be downloaded.

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Our website can be accessed at: http://www.dalitstudies.org.in

Usage Statistics of IIDS Website

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Virtual Resource Centres

South Asia Research Network on Caste based Discrimination

The internet platform http://dalitssouthasia.org/ was developed to address

the following objectives: (a) to promote the production, exchange and

dissemination of research knowledge in Caste based discrimination and other

forms of social exclusion; (b) to facilitate academic exchange across the region.

The centre will showcase the existing literature on caste based discrimination

in South Asia; (c) to function as both resource centre and network of Dalit

researchers and researchers on Dalits in South Asia and (d) to compile and

disseminate information on caste-based discrimination for scholars, civil

society organisations, advocacy groups and policy makers.

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International Seminar on Comparative Context of Discrimination Social

Exclusion and Equal Opportunity Policies in Asia, 6-8 May 2009

Prof. S.S. Jodhka welcoming the delegates

Shri Somnath Chatterjee, Hon’ble Speaker, Lok Sabha making

the inaugural address

6 9


Prof. Abhijit Sen, Member, Planning Commission delivering

Valedictory Address at the International Seminar.

Dr. Vani K. Barooah delivering Keynote Address.

7 0


IIDS Researchers presenting their paper in the Seminar.

From left: Li Xing, Iftikar Chowdary, Tudor Silva, Patricia Johnstone,

Sathish Deshpande presenting papers.

7 1


Professor Sukhadeo Thorat chairing the Session on Emerging Issues.

Dr. C.P. Joshi, Hon’ble Minister of Rural Development, GoI and

Chief Guest of the Seminar giving inaugural speech.

National Seminar on Dalit Women Rights and

Citizenship in India, 19 March, 2010

7 2


From left: Vandana Sonalkar, Rebecca Holmes

Vimal Thorat, Sharmila Rege presenting papers.

From left: Belinda Bennet, Christian Aid, Sandeep Chachra, Action Aid,

Ramya Subrahmanyam, UNICEF and Navsharan Singh, IDRC.

7 3


Dr. Manmohan Singh, Prime Minister of India releases the book, “Blocked

by Caste: Economic and Social Exclusion in Modern India” by Sukhadeo

Thorat and Katherine Newman (Eds.) at the Annual Conference of

Indian Economic Association, Bhubaneswar, 27 December 2009.

Shri Vinay Rai, Chairman, ASSOCHAM Education Committee, speaking

at a Round Table meeting on affirmative action in private sector.

7 4


Research & Publications by IIDS Faculty (2009-10)

Surinder S. Jodhka

Books

Religion, Community and Development: Changing Contours of Policy and

Politics in India. New Delhi: Routledge (edited with Gurpreet Mahajan), 2010

(forthcoming)

Research Papers

‘Dalits in Business: Self-employed Scheduled Castes in North-West India’,

Economic & Political Weekly. Volume 45 (11) pp. 41-48 March 13-19, 2010

‘Caste and Politics’, in Nirja Jayal and Pratap Bhanu Mehta (ed.) Oxford

Companion to Politics in India Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2010

‘Institutionalizing Equality: Contexts and Meanings of Equal Opportunity

Commission’, Indian Journal of Human Development, Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 297-

304. 2009

‘The Problem’, Introduction to Special Issue of Seminar on India’s Religious

Minorities, Number 602. pp. 12-4, October 2009

‘What makes Sikhs a Minority’, in Seminar Number 602. pp. 76-9, October

2009

‘Religions, Democracy and Governance: Spaces for the Marginalised in

Contemporary India’, (with Gurpreet Mahajan), Working Paper 26, Religions

and Development, University of Birmingham (http://www.rad.bham.ac.uk/

index.php?section=47)

‘Sikhs in Contemporary Times: Religious Identities and Discourses of

Development’, Sikh Formations, Volume 5, Issue 1 June 2009, pp.1 – 22. 2009

‘The Ravi Dasis of Punjab: Global Contours of Caste and Religious Strife’,

Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. XLIV (24) June 13. pp. 79-85. 2009

Rural and Agrarian Studies (with Paul D’Souza) in Yogesh Atal (ed.) Sociology

and Social Anthropology in India (ICSSR Survey of Advances in Research).

New Delhi: Pearson Longman and Indian Council of Social Science Research,

pp.50-117. 2009

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Book-Reviews

‘Plural Histories of Sociology/ Social Anthropology’ Review of Anthropology

in the East: Founders of Indian Sociology and Anthropology edited by Patricia

Uberoi and others. Economic and Political Weekly. Vol. 44: 17 April 25 - May

01, 2009

Lectures Delivered

‘Dalits and Religious Minorities’. Eliminating Injustices. Kolkatta Group

Meeting, February 16, 2010. Kolkatta.

‘Changing Modes of Social Science Enquiry in India’. Institute of Oriental

Studies, Moscow, October 6, 2009.

“Engagements with Caste’, Keynote Address to workshop on ‘Mapping

Marginalities’, Centre for Studies in Social Sciences, Calcutta. October 21,

2009.

Gobinda C. Pal

Research Projects

Status of Persons with Disabilities in India: Comparison across Social Groups

Mapping Caste Atrocities: Annual Atrocity Report 2009-10

Atrocities against Dalits: Emerging Pattern

Papers Presented

‘More than Merely Marginalised: Deprivation among Dalits with Diasabilities’,

National Seminar on Social Exclusion in Contemporary India, Institute of

Development Studies, Jaipur, 26-27 November, 2009

‘Understanding of Basic Mathematics: A Comparative Study of Urban Poor

Children’, National Seminar on Linking Universities and Schools: Towards

Equity and Quality’, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 30 – 31 October,

2009

‘Equitable Child Development Services by Anganwadi Centres: An Evaluative

Study’, Workshop on Research Methodologies for Studying Social Exclusion

in Service Delivery, IIDS- UNICEF Workshop, India Habitat Centre, New

Delhi, 2-3 June, 2009.

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‘Caste-based Discrimination: Socio-Psychological Perspectives’, International

Conference on Comparative Contexts of Discrimination: Social Exclusion and

Equal Opportunity Policies in Asia, IIDS, New Delhi, 6–8 May.

Nidhi Sadana Sabharwal

Research Projects

Dalit Women: Rights and Citizenship in India: Phase 1

Gendered Risks, Poverty and Vulnerability in India: Case Study of the Indian

National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (Madhya Pradesh)

Concept Paper on Social Exclusion: Its consequences on Human Poverty and

Need for Inclusive Policy to Reduce Poverty - PACS.

Documentation of the Government Programmes for the Poor and the

Discriminated Groups in spheres of Livelihood, Education, Health and Civic

Amenities - PACS.

Affirmative Action in the Indian Private Sector: An Analysis of International

Guidelines for Equal Opportunity in Employment

Publications

Discrimination and Children’s Nutritional Status in India, jointly with Sukhadeo

Thorat IDS Bulletin Volume 40, Number 4 July 2009

Caste and Ownership of Private Enterprises, jointly with Sukhadeo Thorat

Economic & Political Weekly, June 6, 2009, Vol xliv No 23.

Paper Presentations

‘Dalit Women Rights and Citizenship in India’, IIDS-IDRC Conference, New

Delhi, 19th March, 2010

‘Concept, Measurement and Indicators of Social Exclusion’, Workshop on

Research Methodologies for Studying Social Exclusion in Service Delivery,

IIDS- UNICEF Workshop, New Delhi, 2-3 June, 2009.

‘Discrimination, Gender Deprivation and Poverty’, IIDS-IDRC Conference,

New Delhi, 19th March, 2010

‘Livelihood, Education and Health Pattern of Dalit Women’, Conference

organised by Dr. K.R. Narayanan Centre for Dalit and Minorities Studies, Jamia

Millia Islamia University, New Delhi, 3 February, 2010

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‘UN Guideline on Equal Opportunity Policies’, Organised by ASSOCHAM, New

Delhi, 15 January, 2010

‘Discrimination and Children’s Nutritional Status in India’, Organised by Indian

Economic Association, Bhubeneshwar, 26 December, 2009

‘International Guidelines, Employment and Fair Trade - Issues of Inclusion

for Dalits’, Organised by Kolkatta Chambers of Commerce, Kolkatta, 21

Novemeber, 2009

Discrimination in Food Security Schemes - PDS and Mid-Day Meal’, Organised

by UN World Food Programme, New Delhi, 30 August, 2009

‘Gender, Caste Discrimination and Social Protection’, Methodology workshop

organised by Overseas Development Institute -UK, New Delhi, 11 August, 2009

‘Caste and Private Ownership’, IIDS Seminar Series, New Delhi, 20 July 2009

‘Enabling Inclusion in Disaster Management Programmes’, Workshop

organised by SEED, New Delhi, 27 July, 2009

Firdaus Fatima Rizvi

Publications

Book Review

Why People Protest: An Analysis of Ecological Movements, by Subhash

Sharma, Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, GoI,

New Delhi, in Social Change, Journal of the Council for Social Development,

Volume 39, Number 3, September 2009.

Technological and Institutional Approach for Enhancing Water (logged)

Productivity in Agriculture: A Case Study of Ganga Basin in Allahabad,

Workshop Proceedings, IWMI-Tata Water Research Policy Programme,

2009, pp. 156-171

Suraj Badtiya

Research Projects

Biography of Babu Mangooram

Other Academic Achievements

Conferred Literary Award ‘Surya Multi Purpose Society, Maharashtra’ at

Sahitya Academy, New Delhi, on 24 December, 2009.

Prepared study material on Dalit poetry and short stories for IGNOU.

7 8


Gowhar Yaqoob

Paper Presentations

‘Social Exclusion and Political Bidding: Shared Legacy’, International Seminar

on Social Exclusion organised by Centre for Dalit and Minorities Studies, Jamia

Milia Islamia, New Delhi, 3-4 March 2010.

‘Courtesan Roles in Hindi Cinema: Type-cast Identification of Muslim Women’,

International Seminar on Re-Negotiating Sexuality and Intimacies, organised

by Centre for Women’s Development, Jadhavpur University, Kolkatta, 23-24

December, 2009

Sobin George

Research Projects

Assessment of Babu Jagjeevan Ram Chhatravas Yojana

Report on the Assessment of Scheduled Caste Development Programmes

South Asia Research Network on Caste based Discrimination and Virtual

Resource Centre

Paper Presentations

‘Dynamics and Processes of Exclusion and Discrimination in Maternal and

Child Health Services among Dalits and Minorities’ at IIDS In-house Seminar

Publications

Book Review

“The No Nonsense Guide to Minority Rights in South Asia by Rita Manchanda”,

The Seminar, 602, October 2009, pp. 84-85

Abhay Xaxa

Research Projects

Annotated Bibliography on Tribal Studies in India

Papers Presented

‘Adivasi Migration and Labour Bondage in India’, Centre for Women

Development Studies, Bhopal, February 2010

‘Adivasi Leadership and Civil Society in India: Issues of Recognition and

Redistribution Inter-cultural Resources’, New Delhi, January 2010

‘Tribalising the Adivasis: Understanding Tribal Migration Pattern in India’,

ICSSR Seminar, Hyderabad, April 2009

7 9


Saswati Rath

Research Projects

Gendered Risks, Poverty and Vulnerability in India: Case Study of the Indian

National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (Madhya Pradesh)’, with Rebecca

Holmes and Nidhi Sadana

Paper Presentations

‘Overview of Micro-finance Institutions: A Case Study in Khurda District of

Orissa’, in XXXV All India Sociological Conference at Kashmir University,

Srinagar, 10-12 October, 2009

Martin Kamodang

Research Projects

Annotated Bibliography of Tribal Studies in India with Abhay Xaxa

Dalip Katheria

Publication

‘Ambedkarvad ka Samaj aur Sahitya Par Prabhav’, Mukhar Ptrika, March 24,

p. 9, 2010.

David Lal

Research Projects

‘Atrocities Against Dalits: Emerging Pattern’, with Gobinda C. Pal

‘Mapping Caste Atrocities: Annual Atrocity Report 2009-10’, with Gobinda C.

Pal

Paper Presentations

‘A Critical Examination of Edgar Thurston’s Understanding of Lower Castes in

Southern India’, National Seminar on ‘Research Trends in Caste and Tribes in

Southern India: A Centenary Seminar’, organised by Programme for the Study

of Discrimination and Exclusion, Jawaharlal Nehru University, 24 - 25

November, 2009.

‘Similar Identity and Similar Experiences: An Attempt to Understand Dalit-

Muslim Identity in Contemporary India’, Workshop on ‘Dalit-Muslim

Dialogue’, organised by Dr. KRN Centre for Dalit and Minorities Studies, Jamia

Milia Islamia, on 22 October, 2009.

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Publications and Research Projects of Visiting Faculty


Books

Blocked by Caste: Economic Discrimination and Social Exclusion in Modern

India, Sukhadeo Thorat and Katherine S. Newman (eds.), New Delhi: Oxford

University Press, 2010.

Dalits in India: Search for Common Destiny, Sukhadeo Thorat, New Delhi:

Sage Publication, 2009.

Dalit Human Development Report, Sukhadeo Thorat and Martin Macwan,

Sage, New Delhi, (Forthcoming).

Social Justice Philanthropy: A Study of Dalit NGOs, Sukhadeo Thorat and

Martin Macwan, (Forthcoming).

Caste Discrimination and Inequalities: Essays in Economics and Society,

Oxford, (Forthcoming).

Articles

‘Discrimination and Children’s Nutritional Status in India’, jointly with Nidhi

Sadana IDS Bulletin Volume 40, Number 4, July, 2009

‘Caste and Ownership of Private Enterprises’, jointly with Nidhi Sadana

Economic and Political Weekly, June 6, 2009 Vol Xliv, No 23.

Paper presentations

Social Exclusion and Persistent Poverty: Reflection on Consequences and

Remedies: International Conference on Poverty and Hunger organised by

IFPRI, Lima, 2009.

Research Projects

‘Political Factors, Government Spending and Agricultural Growth and Poverty

Linkages, Phase II, with Firdaus Fatima Rizvi, supported by International Food

Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Washington DC, USA.

‘Socio-economic Background of MLA’s from 16 Major States of India with

Firdaus Fatima Rizvi supported by International Food Policy Research

Institute (IFPRI), Washington DC, USA.

8 1


‘Farming and Caste: Status of Agriculture by Social groups’ supported by

International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Washington DC, USA.

‘Status of Scheduled Tribes in India’, IIDS, IPAP, Christain Aid U.K.

‘Interreligious Disparities in Human Development: A Study of Religious

Minorities in India’, with Sobin George supported by IPAP, Christain Aid U.K.

Country paper for ‘Poorest Area Civil Society Programme’, DFID.

‘International and National Best Practices on Inclusion in Food Security,

Education, Health, Water and Sanitation’, with Nidhi Sadana supported by

UNICEF.

Gary Michael Tartakov

Dalit Art and Imagery.

Vani K. Borooah

‘Gender and Caste- based Inequalities in Health Outcomes’, with Sukhadeo

Thorat and Nidhi Sadana.

Ghanshyam Shah

‘Comparative Contexts of Discrimination: Caste and Untouchability in South

Asia’, with Surinder S. Jodhka.

Prof. Vimal Thorat

Prabhuttav avm Pratirodh: Bhartiye Dalit Kahaaniya ( Two volumes) Edited

by Vimal Thorat ,Suraj Badtiya, Anamika & IIDS Publication.

Geetha B. Nambissan

Exclusion, Inclusion and Education: Perspectives and Experiences of Dalit

Children.

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Sanghamitra S. Acharya

Experience of Discrimination and Social Exclusion in Health Care Utilization

among Dalit Children: A Study in Selected Villages of Gujarat and Rajasthan.

Iftikhar ud Din Chaudhary

Caste-based Discrimination in South Asia: A Study of Bangladesh.

Zulfiqar Ali Shah

Long Behind Schedule: A Study on the Plight of Scheduled Castes Hindus in

Pakistan.

Kalinga Tudor Silva

Casteless or Caste Blind? Changing Patterns of Caste Discrimination in Sri

Lanka with P.P. Sivapragasam and Paramsothy Thanges.

Krishna B. Bhattachan

Caste-based Discrimination in South Asia: A Study on Nepal, with Tej B. Sunar

and Yasso Kanti Bhattachan.

Martin Fuchs

Regional Information and Research Project on Ethnicity, Religion and Culture

Based Exclusion and Discrimination in Aotearoa/New Zealand, with Antje

Linkenbach.

Patricia Maringi G. Johnston

Diversity, Discrimination or Difference: Case Study Aotearoa/New Zealand.

V. MILESTONES SINCE IIDS

ESTABLISHMENT (2003-09)

Research Studies Completed

1. Social Justice Philanthropy: Role of Funding Agencies

(Part – I)

Researchers: Sukhadeo Thorat, Gail Omvedt, Martin Macwan

Sponsored by: Ford Foundation, India, 2004

The study unravels approaches, strategies and methods used by

different types of funding organisations in addressing the problems

of society. They include community-based national and international

organisations, corporate sector organisations, family-based

organisations and one run by the government. While it brings insights

into the priorities these organisations address the issue of social

justice and support the efforts of NGOs that take up the issue of

social exclusion, associated with caste, untouchability, ethnicity and

gender through projects that deal with disadvantaged groups such as

Dalits and Tribals.

2. Social Justice Philanthropy in India (Part – II )

Researchers: Sukhadeo Thorat, Martin Macwan

Sponsored by: Ford Foundation, India, 2005

This report is based on a study of four grass root level Non-

governmental Organisations (NGOs) of Gujarat, Rajasthan,

Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh. The analytical inputs in the study

are collated from available micro level primary and secondary data.

The descriptive strength of the study is further enhanced by surveys

and discussions with activists and beneficiaries from these four

NGOs. The research addresses problems of underprivileged and

marginalised communities broadly based on group and issue-based

approaches.

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3. Government Concession, Subsidies Tax Exemptions and

Other Subsidies to the Private Sector Industries by the

Central and State Government

Researchers: Sarbeswar Sahoo, Chittaranjan Senapati, Ananth S.

Panth

Sponsored by: Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, Govt

of India, 2005

This report is based on the research study which aimed to estimate

the subsidies given to the private sector at all-India level through the

Budget-tax incentives, exemptions in the indirect taxes and other

concessions like power, credit, and transport.

4. Caste, Occupation and Labor Market Discrimination: A

Study of Forms, Nature and Consequences in Rural India

Researchers: Sukhadeo Thorat, Motilal Mahamallik, Ananth S.

Panth

Sponsored by: International Labour Organisation, New Delhi, 2004

This report is based on the pilot study of three sample villages from

three different states, namely, Orissa, Gujarat and Maharashtra. The

selection is purposeful in the manner that it captures the main

characteristics of the respective rural scenario and consequent

differences in the occupation and labor market discrimination to the

extent possible.

5. Nature and Forms of Affirmative Action in Selected

Countries

Researchers: Sukhadeo Thorat, Martin Kamodang

Sponsored by: Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, Govt.

of India, 2005

This report divided into three broad sections is a comparative study

of discrimination and affirmative action policies in different

countries of the world. The first section identifies different

parameters and forms of discrimination across the continents. The

second and third sections state constitutional provisions for anti

discrimination and affirmative action policies in the selected

countries.

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6. Impact Assessment of IKP Land Purchase Scheme in

Andhra Pradesh

Researchers: Ananth S. Panth, Motilal Mahamallik

Sponsored by: Society for Elimination of Rural Poverty,

Government of Andhra Pradesh

This report is based on the analysis of information from both primary

as well as secondary sources which include personal interviews with

selected sample stakeholders and focused group discussion with

larger group of each stakeholder. The secondary source of

information includes mainly the physical and financial performance

of IKP programme at the state and district levels and data from

various rounds of NSSO. Four programme districts selected for the

primary survey, namely Guntur, Mahaboobnagar, Nalagonda and

Prakasham include households from IKP (land) beneficiaries, IKP

(non-land) beneficiaries, landless households and non-IPK (land)

beneficiaries.

7 . Dalit Women: Rights and Citizenship in India’, Phase 1

Researcher: Nidhi Sadana Sabharwal

Sponsored by: International Development Research Centre

The overall objective of the project was to undertake studies with a

purpose to get an insight into the problem (marginalisation) of Dalit

women, strengthen Dalit women’s agency and institution building,

and influence pro-active policy, strategies and legislations for

enhancing Dalit women’s rights and entitlements. This report

develops an understanding on the problem of ‘Dalit women’ in India.

This is done through a comprehensive review of the current

theoretical and empirical literature related to feminist discourse on

gender and patriarchy and Dalit women in particular.

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8. Housing Situation of Social Groups and Poor Households:

A Study of Selected Districts of Maharashtra and Orissa

with a Focus on Indira Awas Yojana

Researcher: Firdaus Fatima Rizvi

Sponsored by: Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India,

2005-2008

This report is based on the study of the assessment of Indira Awas

Yojana- a rural housing schemes in two states, namely Orissa and

Maharashtra, which have sizeable population of Scheduled Castes

and Scheduled Tribes. The study is based on primary as well as

secondary data. In order to make the study comprehensive and more

effective, stratified random sampling technique is used to collect

primary data from the field.

9. Why do Scheduled Castes and Tribes Stay Chronically

Poor: An Analysis of Magnitude, Disparity and

Determinants

Researchers: Sukhadeo Thorat, Motilal Mahamallik

Sponsored by: Indian Institute of Public Administration (India) &

The Chronic Poverty Research Centre (U.K.), 2005

This report analyses magnitude, disparity and determinants to come

to an understanding that why the rural Scheduled Castes and

Scheduled Tribes remain poor unceasing. The study focuses on the

given nature of historical exclusion, in particular of SC from access

to capital assets, agricultural land and non-land assets, quality

employment and education and other such related factors which

explain for chronic poverty among these groups at all-India and state

levels. The study addresses in particular the magnitude of rural

poverty among SC, ST and non-SC/ST at all-India and state levels

during 1983, 1993-94 and 1999-2000, disparities in the magnitude

of rural poverty during the period, changes in disparities and the

levels of poverty and economic characteristics of the state suffering

persistent high incidence of poverty for each social group.

8 7


10. Gendered Risks, Poverty and Social Protection in India:

Case Study of the Indian National Rural Employment

Guarantee Act (Madhya Pradesh)

Researcher: Nidhi Sadana Sabharwal and Saswatee Rath

Supported by: Overseas Development Institute (ODI), UK

The study was undertaken in Khargone and Betul districts of Madhya

Pradesh to understand the impact of NREGA (National Rural

Employment Guarantee Act) across gender with the following

specific objectives: (a) Understanding the diversity of gendered

economic and social risks; (b) Gender analysis of social protection

policy and design; (c) Effects of social protection programme on

gender equality, food security and poverty/vulnerability reduction

at the household, intra-household and community level; (d)

Implications for future policy and programme design to improve

social protection effectiveness. The study informed that women

were less preferred to men in NREGA though one-third reservation

is provided for women. Single women faced more vulnerability when

work was allocated for couples. Though there was provision of crèche

facility at working places, no such provision was active during the

field survey. One of the major recommendations in the report has

been generation of awareness about gender equality and breaking

down socially accepted division of labour.

11. Human Poverty and Socially Disadvantaged Groups in India

Researchers: Sukhadeo Thorat, Motilal Mahamallik, S. Venkatesan

Sponsored by: Human Development Resource Centre, UNDP, New

Delhi

This report assesses the attainment in human development and

human poverty reduction and achievement for individual indicators,

reflecting access to resources or income-earning assets like

agricultural land and non-land assets, employment, education. It also

assesses social needs like health, water, housing and the extent and

nature of caste and untouchabil ity based exclusion and

discrimination in economic, civil, cultural and political spheres and

in food security programmes and institutions of justice for SCs, STs

and a residual category of non-SC/ST. the study covers the period

between 1980 and 2000.

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12. Dalit Leadership in the Panchayats: A Comparative Study

of Four States

Researchers: Narender Kumar, Manoj Rai

Sponsored by: Participatory Research in Asia (PRIA), 2005

This report is based on the empirical study of Dalit leadership in

Panchayats in four states in North India; using three main concepts:

representation, inclusion and participation. The study covers

Harayana, Uttar Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh.

The report includes a profile of the emerging Dalit leadership in the

panchayats in the four states and then examines the extent to which

Dalits, including Dalit women have been included in the decision-

making system of the Panchayats. In a larger discourse, it addresses

the efficacy of reservation as an instrument of socio-political change

in democratic society.

13. Untouchable in School: Experience of Dalit Children in

Schools in Gujarat

Researchers: Simone Holzwarth, Soumya Kanthy, Rosarie Tucci

Sponsored by: UNICEF, 2006

This report is based on an in-depth study of Dalit children and their

experiences in schools in Surendranagar and Gosal village of Gujarat

state. The study undertakes two schools one government school with

MMS and adequate proportion of Dalits and a second model school

run by a Dalit NGO.

14. An Inquiry into the Access to Protection by Dalit Girl

Children: A Case Study in Garhi, Chhaju, Haryana

Researchers: Anandini Dar, Ishita Islam, Shruthi Jayaram, Ananya

Ohri

Sponsored by: UNICEF, 2007

This report is based on the case study in a village in Haryana which

investigates the issues of protection faced by Dalit girl children. The

focus is on the access to protection for Dalit girl children in a rural

setting. The village of Garhi Chhaju in Haryana chosen for the study

is due to high population and relative absence of large-scale caste-

based atrocities.

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15. Dalit Children in Rural India: Issues Related to Exclusion

and Deprivation

Researcher: Nidhi Sadana Sabarwal

Sponsored by: UNICEF, India

This report deals with the issues of Dalit children in rural India

related to exclusion and deprivation. The study sets out to examine

and provide evidence to the economic and social exclusion and

inequalities faced by the Dalit population in rural India in post

liberalization period (1999/2000). The discussion on the same

provides empirical evidence on caste-based exclusion and

discrimination faced by Dalits in multiple realms in the Indian society

indicating that children from the Dalit social groups suffer from

exclusion and discrimination in terms of education, incidence of child

labor, good health and access to health services.

16. Social Discrimination in the Ownership of Private

Enterprises in India

Researchers: Sukhadeo Thorat, Debolina Kundu

Sponsored by: Indian Institute of Dalit Studies

This report is based on theoretical and empirical analysis of the data

brought out by 4th Economic Census pertaining to the year 1998 and

various rounds on employment brought out by NSSO, in particular

43rd round (1987-88), 50th round (1993-94) and 55th round (1999-

2000). It analyses the inequality in ownership pattern of the socially

marginalised groups vis-à-vis the ‘others’ (non-SC, ST and OBC).

The study also discusses the pattern of distribution of private

enterprises as well as the inequality in their distribution among social

groups (SC, ST and OBC).

17. Exclusion, Inclusion and Education: Perspectives and

Experiences of Dalit Children

Researcher: Geetha B. Nambissan


This report is based on the field study conducted in the state of

Rajasthan, with the main objective to study Dalit children’s

perceptions and experiences in education. A multiple research

9 0


methodology was employed to study such a complex issue since the

crucial importance was to capture experiences of children and

processes and practices in schools. The possible access to social and

academic resources is an area that remains little explored. It is argued

that these are crucial for marginal groups in relation to sphere of

school work, school performance and further opportunities. The

voice(s) of children from Dalit communities having remained silent

or marginal in research studies are central in a study of inclusion and

exclusion in education.

18. Experience of Discrimination and Social Exclusion in

Health Care Utilization among Dalit Children: A Study in

Selected Villages of Gujarat and Rajasthan

Researcher: Sanghmitra S. Acharya


The report is based on a research in selected villages of Gujarat and

Rajasthan. There are seven chapters that elaborately explain

theoretical perspectives in understanding social discrimination and

analyze the same in particular in the context of selected areas of field

study. Since it has become crucial to understand the factors which

fuel discrimination in the society, it is necessary to understand the

various forms of discrimination experienced by the Dalits at various

levels and in different forms and spheres.

19. Dalit Development Report

Researcher: Sukhadeo Thorat

Sponsored by: Swedish International Development Agencies

Ahmedabad

This report is a compilation of twenty articles which identify and

review the development of Dalits in various spheres. It assesses the

relative status of human development, human poverty and other

indicators of wellbeing of Scheduled Castes, Schedules Tribes and

non-SC/ST. The report aims to emphasize relative situation of SCs

and STs vis-a-vis non-SC/ST with respect to indicators of human

development, human poverty and other individual indicators of

wellbeing.

9 1


20. Scheduled Castes : A Profile of 2004, Documentation on

the Status of Scheduled Castes

Researchers: Sukhadeo Thorat, Prashant Negi, Chittaranjan

Senapati, Motilal Mahamallik

Sponsored by: Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, Govt

of India, 2004

This report covering an extensive research study is divided into 16

descriptive chapters detailing the profile of Scheduled Castes in

India. SCs constitute about 16.48 per cent of India’s population. The

deprivation of this group is associated with the historical processes

of economic and social exclusion and discrimination based on caste.

This social group is among the most subordinated and continues to

be grouped amongst the poorest in the Indian society.

21. Livelihood Pattern of Social Groups: Patterns and

Magnitude of Caste Discrimination and in Sociability in

Maharashtra

Researcher: Sukhadeo Thorat

Sponsored by: Yashwant Rao Chavan Academy of Development

Administration, Pune

This study is based on the examination of the livelihood patterns of

two social groups, namely Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes

in Maharashtra. The study discusses government policy and

programmes undertaken to bring about the improvement of these

social groups following the examination of changes over the period

in comparison to other groups in society.

22. Development of Marginalised Social Groups in Gujarat

Researchers: Sukhadeo Thorat, Motilal Mahamallik

Sponsored by: Gujarat Institute of Development Research,

Ahmedabad, 2005

This report is a background paper for ‘Gujarat State Development

Report’. The report has particular focus on Scheduled Caste,

Scheduled Tribes and other similar groups. Three different vectors

of variables such as Human Poverty Index and Gender Development

Index clearly elucidate the low progress and bring to the fore the

deprived status of SCs and STs in Gujarat.

9 2


23. Scoping Paper on Excluded Groups in India: Special

Reference to Scheduled Castes in UNDAF States

Researchers: Ananth S. Panth, Motilal Mahamallik

Sponsored by: UNDP, New Delhi, 2008

This report looks into excluded groups with special reference to

Scheduled Castes in UNDAF states, that is, Madhya Pradesh, Orissa,

Chattisgarh, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand and Rajasthan. The

report analyzes budget and special component plans such as

institutional finance, corporations, public sector banks with an aim

to achieve an overall development in case of SCs. In order to create

awareness, sensitize larger sections of the society on the nature of

discrimination, the focus is on the need for civil society organisations,

social activists and also the need to discuss the nature of

intervention.

24. Caste-based Discrimination in South Asia: A Study of

Bangladesh

Researcher: Iftikhar ud Din Chaudhary

Sponsored by: Royal Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Denmark,

2005

The country report on Bangladesh is divided into ten sections

providing an elaborate picture of caste based discrimination. The

main objective of the study lies in discussing the nature and extent of

descent and work-based discrimination in contemporary rural

Bangladesh. All throughout, seven case-studies are conducted on

different castes and groups. The report gives an introduction to the

social stratification in the Muslim communities and brings to light

issues in contemporary Bangladesh, precisely that of Hindu Dalits

and Muslim Dalits.

25. Long Behind Schedule: A Study on the Plight of Scheduled

Castes Hindus in Pakistan

Researcher: Zulfiqar Ali Shah


2005

This report divided into 11 sections focusing on low caste Hindus in

Pakistan heavily relies on the survey conducted on 750 households

9 3


in four districts. The research on lower castes is very limited and the

research conducted is first of its kind to study the Dalits of Pakistan.

There are six case studies and interviews appended with the report.

26. Casteless or Caste Blind? Changing Patterns of Caste

Discrimination in Sri Lanka

Researcher: Kalinga Tudor Silva, P.P. Sivapragasam and

Paramsothy Thanges


2005

The report is drawn into seven sections with a comprehensive discussion

about the systems which perpetuate caste-based discrimination in Sri

Lanka. The study looks at the caste-based discrimination in three

parallel systems in Sri Lanka, namely Sinhala, Sri Lankan Tamil and

Indian Tamil. Though there is no uniform pattern upon which

untouchability can be found among the people of these caste systems

yet each involves caste discrimination of some kind.

27. Caste-based Discrimination in South Asia: A Study on

Nepal

Researcher: Krishna B. Bhattachan, Tej B. Sunar and Yasso Kanti

Bhattachan (Gauchan)


2005

The report is divided into nine sections discussing extensively the

caste-based discrimination in Nepal. The general objective of the

study is to review, firstly, status and conditions of Dalits presented

in various secondary sources and secondly, documentation of

empirical evidences of caste-based untouchability in Nepal.

28. The Legacy of Social Exclusion: A Correspondence Study

of Job Discrimination

Researchers: Sukhadeo Thorat, Paul Attewell, Firdaus Fatima Rizvi

Sponsored by: Princeton University Princeton, New Jersey (USA)

The report is a correspondence study undertaken to examine

discrimination in the job application processes among private sector

enterprises in India. Although Dalits are provided with legal rights,

9 4


including “reservation” system providing quota of positions in

government and educational institutions, the private sector businesses

are still outside this framework. The system following reservations

has been strongly debated, both in favor of as well as against for. In

these rigorous debates, an important issue has been underway over

whether reservation be extended to private companies.

29. In the Name of Globalization: Meritocracy, Productivity

and the Hidden Language of Caste

Researchers: Surinder S. Jodhka, Katherine S. Newman

Sponsored by: Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey (USA)

The report draws on interview data to analyze the attitudes of

employers/hiring managers in India’s organised private sector

toward caste and community attributes of their potential employees.

The focus is mainly on the role ascriptive qualities play in employers

perception of job candidates, arguing that they persist despite a

formal adherence to the importance of merit. Antagonism toward

reservations, as a mechanism for promoting employment for SCs, is

articulated as a principled commitment to modern virtues of

competition and productivity.

30. Where the Path Leads: The Role of Caste in Post-

University Employment Expectations

Researchers: Ashwini Deshpande, Katherine S. Newman


This report is the study that had been carried out against the

backdrop of controversy over public policies that bring the two

groups Dalit and non-Dalit students together regarding reservation,

an affirmative action programe in India that sets 22.5 per cent of

seats in higher education institutions and jobs in all public units. The

private sector, however, is completely free from quotas or any other

form of affirmative action. Whether or not the private sector should

be required to adopt a parallel form of reservation policy is a matter

of extraordinary conflict. Reservation is seen inherently unfair, anti-

meritocratic, and potentially threatening to the competitiveness of

the Indian economy.

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31. Caste Discrimination in the Indian Urban Labour Market:

Evidence from the National Sample Survey of India

Researches: S. Madheswaran, Paul Attewell


The report is a study of caste based discrimination in urban labor

markets based on the data from National Sample Survey of India

from Round 38 (1983), Round 50 (1993-94) and Round 55 (1999-

2000). It examines the wage gap between higher caste and lower-

caste Indians (SC/ST) in the regular salaried urban market.

32. Ethnicity, Religion and Culture Based Exclusion and

Discrimination in East and South East Asia: A Study of

Malaysia

Researchers: S.N. Malakar, Chittaranjan Senapati

Sponsored by: Action Aid

The report is divided into five chapters discussing in-depth the nature

of exclusion and excluded groups in emerging Malaysia in a historical

context. The discussion on the history of exclusion practices analysis

evolution of plural society in Malaysia perpetuation of differences

and inequalities leading to growing sense of resentment and

alienation. It further discusses the nature of deprivation in terms of

access to resources and opportunities in the light of New Economic

Policies and National Vision Policies of Malaysia. Finally, there is a

substantive discussion on social, economic, political and cultural

fallouts of exclusion.

33. Exclusion and Discrimination of the Indigenous

Communities: A Philippine Case

Researchers: Erlinda M. Burton, Chona Echavez


The report is a study of discrimination and exclusion of indigenous

community of the Philippine. The indigenous people comprise both

non-Muslim and the Muslim communities. Philippines having a diverse

culture comprise of lowland majority Christians, upland indigenous

peoples and the Muslim Filipinos.

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34. Burakumin in Japan: Study of Their Origin, Problems and

Solutions

Researcher: Nidhi Sadana Sabarwal


Buraku people are an oppressed social group in Japan that are

subjected to discrimination based on historical social stratification.

The largest minority group in Japan, Burakumin estimated to be about

3 million, which is 3 per cent of the total population. The report

discusses the origin, nature of discrimination, and various movements

for liberation to counter the disadvantages.

35. Regional Information and Research Project on Ethnicity,

Religion and Culture Based Exclusion and Discrimination

in Aotearoa/New Zealand

Researchers: Martin Fuchs, Antje Linkenbach


The report runs through ten chapters following extensive debate on

discrimination and exclusion since colonial past; as and when

Aotearoa changed to New Zealand and Maori/Pakeha (Indigenous/

Settlers) binary came into existence. The chapters delve into

evolving situation of Maori in New Zealand and Affirmative Action

taken on behalf of Maori.

36. Regional Information and Research Project on Ethnicity,

Religion and Culture Based Exclusion and Discrimination

in China

Researchers: Li Xing, Nuliman Yumiyi, Fengwei Liu


This report is drawn into four sections discussing the ethnic minority

groups and region of China. The study uses historical and

comparative perspectives to look at the situations of the ethnic

minorities and enlists policies for ethnic minorities and ethnic

minority areas. Lastly, a case study of two provinces of Western

China: Gansu and Guizhou show that the Chinese preferential policies

for the ethnic minority areas significantly promote the economic

growth of ethnic minority areas at large.

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37. Approaches in Dalit Empowerment

Researcher: Bernward Causemann and Sukhadeo Thorat

Supported by: Bread for World

This study reviews, through a sample of Dalit and one non-Dalit

organisation, different approaches and assessing the pros and cons.

Although the study identifies a lead for future policy and strategy

directions, it further analyses through comparison certain issues

involved in grassroots works. The report discusses economic and

social background of Dalits, their economic situations, incidences of

untouchability and atrocities, government sponsored programmes

and social development. The study describes profile of each NGO in

detail and comparison of approaches adopted by each.

9 8


PUBLICATIONS

Books

1. Caste, Race and Discrimination – Discourses in International

Context, Sukhadeo Thorat and Umakant (eds.), Rawat Publications,

2004.

2. Reservation and Private Sector – Quest for Equal Opportunity and

Growth, Sukhadeo Thorat, Aryama and Prashant Negi (eds.), Rawat

Publications, 2005.

3. Dalit leadership in Panchayats – A Comparative Study of Four

States, Narender Kumar and Manoj Rai, Rawat Publications, 2006.

4. Ambedkar in Retrospect – Essays on Economics, Politics & Society,

Sukhadeo Thorat and Aryama (eds.), Rawat Publications, 2007.

5. In Search of Inclusive Policy – Addressing Graded Inequality

Sukhadeo Thorat and Narender Kumar, Rawat Publications, 2008.

6. B. R. Ambedkar – Perspectives on Social Exclusion & Inclusive

Policies, Sukhadeo Thorat and Narender Kumar (eds.), Oxford

University Press, 2008.

7. Social Justice Philanthropy, Sukhadeo Thorat, Gail Omvedt and

Martin Macwan, Rawat Publications, 2008.

8. Dalits in India – Search for a Common Destiny, Sukhadeo Thorat,

Sage Publication, 2009.

9. Blocked by Caste: Economic Discrimination & Social Exclusion in

Modern India, Sukhadeo Thorat and Katerine S. Newman (eds.),

Oxford University Press, 2010.

Hindi

1 Bhartiya Dalit Sahitya Ka Vidrohi Swar, Vimal Thorat and Suraj

Badtiya (eds.) Rawat Publication, 2008.

2 Nai Shitijo ki Aur, Jaiprakash Leelwan, IIDS and Anamika

Publication, 2009.

9 9


3 Samay Ki Aadamkhor Dhun, Jaiprakash Leelwan IIDS and Anamika

Publication 2009.

4 Satta, Sanskriti Aur Dalit Saundryashastra, Sura Badtiya, IIDS and

Anamika Publication, 2009.

5 Prabhutva evam pratiraudha: Bhartiya Dalit Kahaniya, Vol I, Vimal

Thorat and Suraj Badtiya (eds.), IIDS and Anamika Publication,

2010.

6 Prabhutva evam pratiraudha: Bhartiya Dalit Kahaniya, Vol II,

Vimal Thorat and Suraj Badtiya (eds.), IIDS and Anamika Publication,

2010.

Working Papers

Volume I

1. Reservations in the Private Sector - Issues, Concerns and Prospects

Sukhadeo Thorat, Prashant Negi and Aryama, 2006.

2. Reservation Policy in India - Dimensions and Issues, Sukhadeo

Thorat and Chittaranjan Senapati, 2006.

3. Dalits and the Right to Food - Discrimination and Exclusion in

Food- related Government Programmes, Sukhadeo Thorat and Joel

Lee, 2006.

4. Health Status and Access to Health Care Services - Disparities among

Social Groups in India, Vijay Kumar Baraik and P M Kulkarni, 2006.

5. Rural Non-Farm Employment of the Scheduled Castes - A

Comparative Study, Sukhadeo Thorat and Nidhi Sadana Sabharwal,

2006.

Volume II

1. Human Development and the Status of Social Groups in Gujarat,

Sukhadeo Thorat and Motilal Mahamallik, 2007.

2. Observations on the Dalits in Indian Villages, 1963- 2004, Gilbert

Etienne, 2007.

3. Exclusion and Discrimination - Civil Rights Violations and Atrocities

in Maharashtra, Sukhadeo Thorat and Prashant Negi, 2007.

100


4. Dalit Empowerment and Vocational Education - An Impact Study,

Michael Kropac, 2007.

5. Caste-based Discrimination and Atrocities on Dalit Christians and

the Need for Reservation, Prakash Louis, 2007.

6. Reservation in Employment, Education and Legislature-Status and

Emerging Issues, Sukhadeo Thorat and Chittaranjan Senapati, 2007.

Volume III

1. Urban Labour Market Discrimination, Sukhadeo Thorat, Paul

Attewell and Firdaus F. Rizvi, 2009.

2. Will India’s Attainment of MDGs be an Inclusive Process, Purnamita

Das Gupta and Sukhadeo Thorat, 2009.

3. In the Name of Globalization: Meritocracy, Productivity and the

Hidden Language of Caste, Surinder S. Jodhka and Katherine S.

Newman, 2009.

4. Dr. Ambedkar’s Strategies against Untouchability and the Caste

System, Christophe Jaffrelot, 2009.

5. Dalit Children in Rural India: Issues Related to Exclusion and

Deprivation, Nidhi Sadana, 2009.

6. Caste Discrimination and Social Justice in Sri Lanka: An Overview,

Kalinga Tudor Silva, P.P. Sivapragasam and Paramsothy Thanges,

2009.

7. Caste-based Discrimination in South Asia: A Study of Bangladesh,

Iftekhar Uddin Chowdhury, 2009.

8. Caste-based Discrimination in Nepal, Krishna B. Bhattachan, Tej B.

Sunar and Yasso Kanti Bhattachan (Gauchan), 2009.

Volume IV

1. Diversity, Discrimination or Difference: Case Study Aotearoa/New

Zealand, Patrica Maringi G. Johnston, 2010.

2. Dalits in Business: Self-employed Scheduled Castes in Northwest

India, Surinder S. Jodhka, 2010.

3. Dalits with Disabilities: The Neglected Dimension of Social

Exclusion, Gobindaa C. Pal, 2010.

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4. Ethnicity, Religion and Culture based Discrimination: A Study of

Malaysia, S. N. Malakar and Chittaranjan Senapati, 2010.

5. Comparative Contexts of Discrimination: Caste and Untouchability

in South Asia, Surinder S. Jodhka and Ghanshyam Shah, 2010.

6. Ethnicity, Religion and Culture Based Exclusion and Discrimination

in Aotearoa/New Zealand, Martin Fuchs and Antje Linkenbach,

2010.

Working Paper Series

1. Exclusion and Discrimination in Schools: Experiences of Dalit

Children, Geetha, B. Nambissan, Vol I. No. 1, IIDS-UNICEF, 2009.

2. Experience of Discrimination and Social Exclusion in Health Care

Utilization among Dalit Children, Sanghmitra S. Acharya, Vol I. No.

2 , IIDS-UNICEF, 2010.

3. Christian Communities of India: A Social and Historical Overview,

Rowena Robinson, Vol I. No. 1, IIDS – RaD, 2010.

4. The Sikhs Today: A Development Profile, Surinder S. Jodhka, Vol I

No. 2, IIDS – RaD, 2010.

5. Socio-economic Characteristics of Tribal Communities That Call

Themselves Hindu, Vinay Kumar Srivastava, Vol I. No. 3, IIDS–

RaD, 2010.

VI. FINANCIAL REPORT

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Annual Report I L T IT S N S I T U N D A I I E D S N I E T U T I T S N I N A I D N I Social...

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