Vonda MN. Lalopua

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LAPORAN HASIL PENELITIAN DISERTASI DOKTORTAHUN ANGGARAN 2011

Studi Tentang Ekstraksi, isolasi, Purifikasi Dan IdentifikasiFlavonoid dari Alga Merah kappaphycus alvarezii

Ir. Vonda M.N. Lalopua, MP

Dibiayai Oleh Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi, Kementerian Pendidikan Nasional,melalui DIPA Universitas Brawijaya REV.1 Nomor: 0636/023-04.2.16/15/2011 R,

tanggal 30 Maret 2011 dan berdasarkan Surat Keputusan RektorNomor: 214/SK/2011 tanggal 2 Mei 2011

UNIVERSITAS BRAWIJAYANOVEMBER 2011

BIDANG ILMU : PERTANIAN


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RINGKASAN

Tujuan penelitian secara umum adalah melakukan ekstraksi, isolasi danidentifikasiflavonoid dari alga Kappaphycus alvarezii. Tujuan khusus untukmendapatkan pelarut terbaik dalam mengekstrak flavonoid berdasarkan kandungan

total fenolik dan uji fitokimia. Total fenolik dianalisa menggunakan metodespektrofotometer dan dihitung sebagai mg ekivalen asam galat/ g extract sedangkan ujifitokimia menggunakan beberapa reagen kimia dan spektro UV-vis. Sampel alga diambil dari lokasi budidaya desa Talango, Sumenep Madura, Propinsi Jawa timur.Sampel disiapkan dengan pengeringan menggunakan oven suhu 40 0 C dan matahari,selanjutnya di maserasi dengan metanol dan difraksinasi dengan heksan dan etilasetat.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etil asetat dari alvarezii yangdikeringkan menggunakan oven vakum mengandung senyawa fenolik (flavonoid)berdasarkan uji fitokimia menggunakan reagen FeCl3 dan NHOH-HCl dan Spektro UV.Kandungan total fenolik ekstrak etil asetat sebesar 0.024387 mg GAE/g (2.4387%).

Isolasi flavonoid menggunakan kolom kromatografi, (fase diam silika gel, fase gerak etilasetatmetanol4:1, metanol-air 1:3) dan KLT (fase gerak heksan; EA 4:6, kloroformmetanol 9:1 dan8.5:1.5). Hasil identifikasi spektro FTIR dan H-NMR menunjukkan bahwa ekstrakmengandung gugus fungsi aromatik yang diyakini sebagai senyawa flavonoid.Disarankan penelitian perlu dilanjutkan untuk pemurnian dan elusidasi struktur flavonoidmenggunakan C-NMR.


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SUMMARY

The spesific purposes of this research was to find out the best extraction solvent fromthe point of total phenolic content and phytochemical method. The total fenolic contentof solvent extracts were determined by spectrofotometer of method and calculated as

mg GAE/ g extract while analysed phytochemical using various reagen chemical andSpechtrofotometer UV Vis. Total phenolic content data were presented as means fromthree replicated experiment. Kappaphycus alvarezii were taken from the cultivation areaof seaweed in Tallanggo Sumenep Madura island, East Jawa of Propince. Samplesprepare with vacuum oven and sun drying and extracted using methanol solvent bymaceration method.

The research of results founded that the highest total phenolic content could beobtain in extract of ethyl acetate prepared using oven drying (2.4387 %). This extractwere detected using KLT with FeCl3 and H2SO4 reagen by spectroftometer UV visfollowed analysed using etil asetat-metanol (4:1) and metanol air (1:3) by colom, andchloroform methanol ( 9:1 dan 8.5:1.5) by TLC. The analysed with spectrophotemeter

FTIR and H-NMR indicated that extract have a group aromatic, it means that extractposesses functional goup of flavonoid compound. Futhers studies will purification andelucidate the identity of the flavonoid compound used C-NMR.


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