PRODUKSI BENIH

8/16/2019 PRODUKSI BENIH

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PRODUKSI BENIH

• KUALITAS BENIH

– GENETIS: TRUE TO TYPE; TINGKATKEMURNIAN TINGGI BERGANTUNG

KELAS BENIH – FISIOLOGIS: VIABILITAS DAN VIGOR

BENIH TINGGI

– FISIK:• BENTUK BIJI; WARNA KULIT BIIJI;

• BERSIH DARI SPESIES LAIN DAN GULMA

• BERSIH DARI KOTORAN DLL.


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LANJUTAN PRODUKSI BENIH

Bagaimana mm!"#$%&'i (ni)("&%a*i+a',Kna*i 'i-a+ (i#*#gi(#+ani (%nga $an /a"a

!n0"(%&ann0a. Jaga*a) aga" 'i-a+ gn+i' +anaman %ngg%* 0ang

$i%'a)a&an +i$a& +"n+amina'i (ni) $a"i+anaman *ain. 1111111 P"in'i! Gn+i'.

Bagaimana 2a"an0a,U'a)a&an &%a*i+a' 3'i#*#gi' $an 3'i&n0a (ai&;

*a&%&an +&ni& (%$i$a0a $ngan 'm!%"na.P"in'i! Ag"#n#mi'.


3/18

2a"a R!"#$%&'i $a*am Tanaman

4. K(")a'i*an !"#$%&'i (ni) +"gan+%ng !$ '5a%) mana!ng+a)%an &i+a +n+ang !"#'' "!"#$%&'i +an.

6. T&ni& !"#$%&'i (ni) )"' mm!")a+i&an (("a!a 'gi$a"i "!"#$%&'i +an :

a. A!a&a) '/a"a '&'%a*7 a'&'%a* a+# m(ina'i $a"i

&$%an0a(. S+"%&+%" a'*i $a"i (%nga

/. J%m*a) $a"i !#**n 0g $i+"an'-"

$. Ting&a+ inm!a(i*i+a'

. Pnga"%) in("$ing +")a$a! 8ig#" (ni)

9. Pn+ingn0a !ng+a)%an $a"i !"#$%'n (ni) +n+ang!"'i*angan

. S(*%m m*a&%&an !"#$%&'i (ni)7 !"#$%'n (ni) )"'mngi&%+i /a"a !"#$%&'i +an '/a"a $+ai*


4/18

M+#$ R!"#$%&'i Tanaman

4. A'&'%a*Vg+a+i- "!"#$%&'i

a. R!"#$%&'i a'&'%a* +$& m*i(a+&an !"#''-%'i!ngga(%ngan gam+ 5an+an $an (+ina

(. Tan 0g $i)a'i*&an$i&m(ang&an $" (ag8g+a+i- a+# $" m("i# 0g $i&m(ang&an+an!a !"#'' -"+i*i'a'i

6. S&'%a* R!"#$%&'i

P"&m(ang(ia&an '&'%a* m"%!a&an!ngga(%ngan gam+ 5an+an $an (+ina 0gmm(n+%& ig#+7 $an ig#+ ini ("&m(angmn5a$i +an (a"%


5/18

2a"a Pn0"(%&an

Pn0"(%&an m"%! +"an'-" !#**n $a"ian+)" & '+igma

• A%+#gam0


6/18

Tanaman S*-=P#**ina+$

• Tan mm!%n0ai (%nga )"ma!"#$i+7++a!i !$ (("! '!'i'7 !n0"(%&an'n$i"i +$& &'&*%'i-7 '$& !$

!n0"(%&an 'i*ang +"5a$i '&i+a" ?=?@• D"a5a+ !n0"(%&an 'i*ang !$ '!'i'

!n0"(%&an 'n$i"i $i!nga"%)i (("!

-a&+#" : 8a"i+a'7 n$ *ing&%ngan '!+'%)%7 &*m(7 angin7 *#&a'i $an(an0a&n0a '"angga !n0"(%&


7/18

Lan5%+an S*-=P#**ina+i#n

• K#n$i'i 0g )"' $i!")a+i&an !$ '*-=!#**ina+#n:

Bisexuality : n$i'i $imana &$%a #"gan"!"#$%&'i (ai& 5an+an ma%!%n (+ina +"*+a&!$ (%nga 0g 'ama. Tan!a n$i'i ini '*-=!#**ina+i#n +$& a&an +"5a$i

Homogamy : n$i'i $imana an+)" $an '+igma$a"i '%a+% (%nga (i'%a* 0g +*a) ma'a&7 !$'aa+ 0g 'ama a&an +"5a$i !n0"(%&an 'n$i"i

Cleisgamy : n$i'i $imana (%nga (i'%a* +$&mm(%&a7 ')g )an0a !n0"(%&an 'n$i"im"%! 'a+% /a"a !n0"(%&an. 2#n+#) '*a$a


8/18

Tanaman 2"#''=P#**ina+$

• Pn0"(%&an 'i*ang &m%ng&inan +"5a$i !$&$%a 5ni' (%nga 0ai+% (i'%a* $an%ni'%a* ++! *(i) ("!"an !$ (%nga

%ni'%a*• K#n$ a*ami !$ !n0"(%&an 'i*ang $an

agn'ia 0g mm(an+% +"5a$in0a!n0"(%&an 'i*ang !$ (%nga an+a"a *ain :

= %$a"aangin /#n+#) (a0am 7 (+

= '"angga : 2%/%"(i+a7 B"a''i/a7 (aCang7C#"+*


9/18

Mnga!a +"5a$i !n0"(%&an 'i*ang

• Decliny : n$ $imana (%nga +an!a '+amina+ a+# !i'+i**a+ +"5a$i !$ +an 0g 'ama a+# +an 0g("($a

• Dichogamy : '+amn $an !i'+i* $" (%nga )"ma!"#$i+

&m%ng&inan ma'a& !$ 'aa+ 0g ("($a !$!n0"(%&an 'i*ang

• Self-incompability : &gaga*an !#**n mn0"(%&i '+igma!$ (%nga 0g 'ama a+# (%nga 0g *ain !$ 'a+% +an

• Male sterility : 5an+an man$%* mn%n5%&an +i$a&("-%ng'in0a !#**n $" (%nga )"ma!"#$i+. Jan+anman$%* +$& %m%m +"5a$i !$ !#!%*a'i a*ami ++! mm!ni*ai 0g 'anga+ ('a" !$ !"#$%&'i (ni) )i$"i$a


10/18

P"in'i! P"#$%&'i Bni)

A. P"in'i! Gn+i&

.P"#$%&(ni) )"' (na" 5ni'n0a8a"i+a'n0a

.Km%"nian gnni& $" '%a+% 8a"i+a' $!+ mn%"%n :

•.

P"&m(angan 8a"ia'i•. P"/am!%"an m&ani&

•. M%+a'i

•. P"'i*angan a*ami

•.

Va"ia'i gn+i& min#"&/i*•. Pnga"%) !n0a&i+

•. T&ni& !m%*iaan #*) !m%*ia


11/18

2a"a Mn5aga Km%"nianBni)

• Mng#n+"#* '%m(" (ni)

= BS FS RS SS

• R#+a'i Tanaman

In+"8a* 0g (ai& an+a"a +an 0g 'ama a+#mi"i! $i!"*%&an %+& mminima*&an "'i $"(a)an +an a+# (i5i=(i5i $#"man $"!"+anaman '(*%mn0a


12/18

Lan5%+an2a"a Mn5aga Km%"nianBni)

• Rg%ing (ni) +an (%$i$a0a : $gn mm(%ang +an+i! 'im!ang

= '+a$ia !"+%m(%)an 8g+a+i-

= '+a$ia !m(%ngaan= '+a$ia !ma+angan!ma'a&an

• S"+i3&a'i (ni)

• Png%5ian $a0a +%m(%) (ni)

Va"i+a' 0g $i+anam %+& !"#$ (ni) )"' '/a"a!"i#$i& $i%5i &m%"nian gn+i&n0a $gn!ng%5ian $a0a +%m(%)7 $gn $m& m& &(na"an

5ni'8a"i+a' ++a! +"5aga.


13/18

P"in'i! Ag"#n#mi

• Pmi*i)an a"a* 0g /#/#& %+& !"#$ (ni)

Tm!a+ %+& !"#$ (ni) )"' ''%ai $gn*ing&%ngan +%m(%) '0a"a+ +%m(%) +an

• S*&'i Va"i+a'Va"i+a' )"' '/a"a gn+i& m%"ni $an

a$a!+i- +)$ n$ i&*im $an +ana)

Va"i+a' )"' mmi*i&i )'* +inggi

Va"i+a' )"' mmi*i&i 'i-a+ *ain 0g $i!"*%&an'!+ $i'%&ai n'%mn7 +a)an +)$ OPT


14/18

Lan5%+an P"in'i! Ag"#n#mi

• S%m(" Bni)

Bni) 0g $ig%na&an %+& !"#$ (ni))"' $i&+a)%i &m%"niann0a.Di&*%a"&an #*) *m(aga 0g("Cnang $gn &"i+"ia :

= Bni) m"%! &*a' (ni) 0g ''%ai

= Di!"#*) $" !m%*ia a+# $" (ni)$a'a"

= B*%m &$a*%a"'a

= H"' $i% i '/a"a '&'ama


15/18


• P"*a&%an !$ (ni)

P"*a&%an (ni) '!+ a!*i&a'i-%ngi'i$a7 in'&+i'i$a a+# m(ina'i$" &$%an0a7 g%na mn/ga) in-&'i$an mngn$a*i&an OPT $an!n0a&i+ !n%*a"an *Ca+ (ni) a+#

!n%*a"an *Ca+ +ana) $an )amag%$ang. Ha* +'( m"%! !"*a&%an'(*%m +(a"+anam 0g $ig%na&an

!$ (ni) 'a0%"an.


16/18


P"*a&%an Bni) :

Seed disinfection : $i+%5%&an %+& mm("an+a' '!#"a 5am%" 0g +*a) a$a $a*am &%*i+ (ni) a+# 0g +*a) ma'%&$*m 5a"ingan. Aga" !ngn$a*ian -&+i-7 !"*a&%an

-%ngi'i$a )"' ma'%& & $a*am (ni).seed disinfestation : +"5a$i !"%'a&an $" #"gani'm !$

(ni) 0g +*a) mngn+amina'i (ag *%a" (n%).F%ngi'i$a 0g $ia!*i&a'i&an $!+ ("%!a '"(%&$%'+7/ai"an a+# *a"%+an 0g +*a) $i&+a)%i &-&+i-ann0a.

Seed protection : %+& m*in$%ngi (ni) $an (i(i+ m%$a$" #"gani'm $*m +ana) 0g $im%ng&in&an $!+ mm(%a+&gaga*an (ni) %+& +%m(%) '(*%m (ni)("&/am(a)


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18/18


• Png*#*aan Tanaman '/a"a Ag"#n#mi&

Pa$a !"in'i!n0a a$a*a) 'ama $gn !"#$%&'i +an

= 'aa+ +(a"+anam (ni)

= !#!%*a'i #!+im%m= i"iga'i #!+im%m

Png*#*aan )a"a 0g ("&*an5%+an

Pngn$a*ian OPT 0g mma$ai

Pn0"(%&an (an+%an

Pmannan7 !ng"ingan7 $an !n0im!anan(ni)

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