Pengaruh Konsentrasi Inokulum Terhadap Kualitas Tempe Kedelai ...

23

LAMPIRAN Lampiran 1. Skema Kerja Penelitian

Kedelai Lokal (Grobogan)

Kedelai Lokal (Grobogan) siap fermentasi ditambah dengan berbagai konsentrasi inokulum 0,1% b/b (0,1 g inokulum/ 100

g kedelai), 0,15% b/b, 0,2% b/b, 0,25% b/b, 0,3% b/b

Tempe kedelai lokal (Grobogan) dengan berbagai konsentrasi inokulum

(Santoso, 1993)

Analisis Karakteristik Fisik Tempe Pengukuran Kadar Air (SNI, 2009) Pengukuran Kadar Abu (SNI, 2009) Pengukuran Kadar Protein N-Total

(Kjeldahl) Pengukuran Kadar Lemak

(Sudarmadji dkk., 1997) Pengukuran Kadar Serat Kasar (SNI,

2009)

24

Lampiran 2. Data Analisis Karaktersitik Fisik Tempe Tabel Analisis Karakteristik Fisik Tempe Kedelai Lokal (Grobogan)

Konsentrasi Inokulum (b/b) Ulangan Kenampakan 0,1 % 0,15 % 0,2 % 0,25 % 0,3 % I Bau

Warna Rasa Kepadatan

Normal, khas Normal Normal

Kurang padat dan kompak


Padat, kompak


Padat, kompak


Padat, kompak


Padat, kompak

II Bau Warna Rasa Kepadatan




Padat, kompak


Padat, kompak


Padat, kompak


Padat, kompak

III Bau Warna Rasa Kepadatan




Padat, kompak


Padat, kompak


Padat, kompak


Padat, kompak

IV Bau Warna Rasa Kepadatan




Padat, kompak


Padat, kompak


Padat, kompak


Padat, kompak

V Bau Warna Rasa Kepadatan




Padat, kompak


Padat, kompak


Padat, kompak


Padat, kompak

24

25

Lampiran 3. Analisa Data Kadar Air

Keterangan:

Tp = Total Perlakuan p = Purata Perlakuan

Tu = Total Ulangan u = Purata Ulangan

T.. = Total Umum .. = Purata Umum

dp = p - .. du = u - ..

W1 = [60,06 (-0,1716) + 60,18 (-0,0636) + 59,92 (0,1484) + 60,18 (0,0944) + 60,39 (-

0,0076)]

= -0,0196

W2 = [60,65 (-0,1716) + 61,49 (-0,0636) + 60,83 (0,1484) + 61,45 (0,0944) + 61,38 (-

0,0076)]

= 0,0433

W3 = [59,76 (-0,1716) + 60,20 (-0,0636) + 60,00 (0,1484) + 69,41 (0,0944) + 60,38 (-

0,0076)]

= -0,0301

W4 = [61,48 (-0,1716) + 60,17 (-0,0636) + 61,02 (0,1484) + 61,43 (0,0944) + 60,11 (-

0,0076)]

= 0,0207

W5 = [60,16 (-0,1716) + 60,61 (-0,0636) + 61,94 (0,1484) + 60,97 (0,0944) + 60,67 (-

0,0076)]

= 0,3081

Konsentrasi Inokulum (b/b) Ulangan 0,1% 0,15% 0,2% 0,25% 0,3% Tu u du W

1 60,06 60,18 59,92 60,18 60,39 300,73 60,146 -0,4476 -0,0196 2 60,65 61,49 60,83 61,45 61,38 305,8 61,16 0,5664 0,0433 3 59,76 60,20 60,00 59,41 60,38 299,75 59,95 -0,6436 -0,0301 4 61,48 60,17 61,02 61,43 60,11 304,21 60,842 0,2484 0,0207 5 60,16 60,61 61,94 60,97 60,67 304,35 60,87 0,2764 0,3081

Tp 302,11 302,65 303,71 303,44 302,93 (T..) 1514,84 p 60,42 60,53 60,74 60,69 60,59 ( ..) 60,5936

Dp -0,1716 -0,0636 0,1484 0,0944 -0,0076 SD 0,6725 0,5677 0,8286 0,8806 0,4860 SE 0,8349 0,7047 1,0287 1,0933 0,6034

26

Lampiran 3 (lanjutan)

N = (Wi x du)

= [-0,0196 (-0,4476) + 0,0433 (0,5664) + -0,0301 (-0,6436) + 0,0207 (0,2484) +

0,3081 (0,2764)]

= 0,1430

D = (du2) x (dp2)

= [(-0,4476)2 + (0,5664)2 + (-0,6436)2 + (0,2484)2 + (0,2764)2] x [(-0,1716)2 + (-

0,0636)2 + (0,1484)2 + (0,0944)2 + (-0,0076)2]

= 1,0735 x 0,0645

= 0,0692

JK Non Additivitas = D

)(N 2

= 0,0692

)(0,14302

= 0,2953

Faktor Koreksi (FK) 5 x 5

(T) 2

25

(1514,84) 2

= 91789,6090

Jumlah Kuadrat total (JK total) = p2 - FK

= [(60,06)2 + (60,18)2 + (59,92)2 + ... + (60,67)2]

- 91789,6090

= 10,2142

27


Jumlah Kuadrat Ulangan = Perlakuan Jml

)Tu ( 2

FK

= 6090,917895

)(304,35...)(305,8)(300,73 222

= 5,3674

Jumlah Kuadrat Perlakuan = UlanganJml

)Tp ( 2

FK

= 6090,917895

)(302,93...)(302,65)(302,11 222

= 0,3224

Jumlah Kuadrat Galad Acak = JK Total – JK Ulangan – JK Perlakuan

= 10,2142 – 5,3674 – 0,3224

= 4,5244

Tabel Sidik Ragam Uji Additivitas

Ftabel Sumber Ragam Db JK KT FHitung

5% 1% Ulangan 4 5,3674

Perlakuan 4 0,3224 Galad acak 16 4,5244

Non aditivitas 1 0,2953 0,2953 1,0474 4,54 8,68 Sisa 15 4,2291 0,2819

F hitung 1,0474 < F tabel untuk 5% dan F tabel 1% Kesimpulan : Data Additif

28


Tabel Sidik Ragam


5% 1% Ulangan 4 5,3674 1,3418 4,7453* 3,01 4,77

Perlakuan 4 0,3224 0,0806 0,2850* 3,01 4,77 Galad acak 16 4,5244 0,2828

Total 24 *Antar ulangan dan perlakuan tidak berbeda nyata

KV = x 100 %

= x 100 % = 0,8776 %

Uji Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) 5% BNJ 5% : W = q (p,n2)Sx

Sx =

= 0,2378 BNJ 5% = 4,33 x 0,2378 = 1,0297

Kadar Air

0,1% 0,15% 0,3% 0,25% 0,2%

Purata

SE

W= 1,03

60,42 0,8349

( a )

60,53 0,7047

( a )

60,59 0,6034

( a )

60,69 1,0933

( a )

60,74 1,0287

( a )

29

Lampiran 4. Analisa Data Kadar Abu

Keterangan:




dp = p - .. du = u - ..

W1 = [1,16 (0,0888) + 1,22 (0,0648) + 1,01 (-0,0112) + 1,07 (-0,0452) + 1,09 (-0,0972)]

= 0,01644

W2 = [1,14 (0,0888) + 1.10 (0,0648) + 1,02 (-0,0112) + 1,17 (-0,0452) + 0,95 (-0,0972)]

= 0,01586

W3 = [1,23 (0,0888) + 1,15 (0,0648) + 1,13 (-0,0112) + 1,05 (-0,0452) + 0,99 (-0,0972)]

= 0,0274

W4 = [1,21 (0,0888) + 1,13 (0,0648) + 1,18 (-0,0112) + 0,97 (-0,0452) + 1,02 (-0,0972)]

= 0,02447

W5 = [1,19 (0,0888) + 1,21 (0,0648) + 1,09 (-0,0112) + 1,00 (-0,0452) + 0,95 (-0,0972)]

= 0,03433

N = (Wi x du)

= [0,01644 (0,0128) + 0,01586 (-0,0212) + 0,0274 (0,0128) + 0,02447 (0,0048) +

0,02447 (-0,0092)]

= 2,64x10-5


1 1,16 1,22 1,01 1,07 1,09 5,55 1,11 0,0128 0,01644 2 1,14 1,10 1,02 1,17 0,95 5,38 1,076 -0,0212 0,01586 3 1,23 1,15 1,13 1,05 0,99 5,55 1,11 0,0128 0,0274 4 1,21 1,13 1,18 0,97 1,02 5,51 1,102 0,0048 0,02447 5 1,19 1,21 1,09 1,00 0,95 5,44 1,088 -0,0092 0,03433

Tp 5,93 5,81 5,43 5,26 5,00 (T..) 27,43 p 1,19 1,16 1,09 1,05 1,00 ( ..) 1,0972

dp 0,0888 0,0648 -0,0112 -0,0452 -0,0972 SD 0,0365 0,0517 0,0723 0,0769 0,0583 SE 0,0453 0,0641 0,0898 0,0955 0,0724

30


D = (du2) x (dp2)

= [(0,0128)2 + (-0,0212)2 + (0,0128)2 + (0,0048)2 + (-0,0092)2] x [(0,0888)2 +

(0,0648)2 + (-0,0112)2 + (-0,0452)2 + (-0,0972)2]

= 0,0008848 x 0,023701

= 2,09705 x10-5


)(N 2

= 5-

2-5

2,0975x10)(2,64x10

= 3,33038 x10-5

Faktor Koreksi (FK)5 x 5

(T) 2

25

(27,43) 2

= 30,096196


= [(1,16)2 + (1,22)2 + (1,01)2 + ... + (0,95)2] - 30,096196

= 0,192704


)Tu ( 2

FK

= 096196,305

)(5,44...)(5,38)(5,55 222

= 0,004424

31



)Tp ( 2

FK

= 096196,305

)(5,00...)(5,81)(5,93 222

= 0,118504


= 0,192704 – 0,004424 – 0,118504

= 0,069776



5% 1% Ulangan 4 0,004424


Non aditivitas 1 3,33038 x10-5 3,33038 x10-5 0,00716 4,54 8,68 Sisa 15 0,0697427 0,00465


Tabel Sidik Ragam Ftabel Sumber

Ragam Db JK KT FHitung 5% 1%

Ulangan 4 0,004424 0,001106 0,25361 3,01 4,77 Perlakuan 4 0,118504 0,029626 6,7934* 3,01 4,77 Galad acak 16 0,069776 0,004361

Total 24 Antar ulangan tidak berbeda nyata *Antar perlakuan berbeda nyata

32


KV = x 100 %

= x 100 % = 6,0188 %


Sx =

= 0,0295 BNJ 5% = 4,33 x 0,0295 = 0,1279

Kadar Abu

0,3% 0,25% 0,2% 0,15% 0,1%

Purata

SE

W= 0,13

1,00 0,0453

( a )

1,05 0,0641

( ab )

1,09 0,0898

( abc )

1,16 0,0955

( bc )

1,19 0,0724

( c )

33

Lampiran 5. Analisa Data Kadar Protein

Keterangan:




dp = p - .. du = u - ..

W1 = [19,68 (1,0644) + 19,59 (0,5164) + 19,18 (-0,0196) + 18,89 (-0,5516) + 18,38 (-

1,0096)]

= 1,7115

W2 = [18,98 (1,0644) + 18,65 (0,5164) + 18,38 (-0,0196) + 18,05 (-0,5516) + 17,82 (-

1,0096)]

= 1,525472

W3 = [18,86 (1,0644) + 18,58 (0,5164) + 18,21 (-0,0196) + 18,16 (-0,5516) + 17,07 (-

1,0096)]

= 2,061452

W4 = [20,54 (1,0644) + 19,56 (0,5164) + 18,64 (-0,0196) + 17,56 (-0,5516) + 17,11 (-

1,0096)]

= 4,637864


1 19,68 19,59 19,18 18,89 18,38 95,72 19,144 0,6504 1,711568 2 18,98 18,65 18,38 18,05 17,82 91,88 18,376 -0,1176 1,525472 3 18,86 18,58 18,21 18,16 17,07 90,88 18,176 -0,3176 2,061452 4 20,54 19,56 18,64 17,56 17,11 93,41 18,682 0,1884 4,637864 5 19,73 18,67 17,96 17,05 17,04 90,45 18,09 -0,4036 3,68142

Tp 97,79 95,05 92,37 89,71 87,42 (T..) 462,34 p 19,558 19,01 18,474 17,942 17,484 ( ..) 18,4936

dp 1,0644 0,5164 -0,0196 -0,5516 -1,0096 SD 0,6764 0,5170 0,4660 0,6891 0,5967 SE 0,8397 0,6418 0,5786 0,8555 0,7408

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W5 = [19,73 (1,0644) + 18,67 (0,5164) + 17,96 (-0,0196) + 17,05 (-0,5516) + 17,04 (-

1,0096)]

= 3,68142

N = (Wi x du)

= [1,7115 (0,6504) + 1,525472 (-0,1176) + 2,061452 (-0,3176) + 4,637864 (0,1884)

+ 3,68142 (-0,4036)]

= -0,33296

D = (du2) x (dp2)

= [(0,6504)2 + (-0,1176)2 + (-0,3176)2 + (0,1884)2 + (-0,4036)2] x [(1,0644)2 +

(0,5164)2 + (-0,0196)2 + (-0,5516)2 + (-1,0096)2]

= 0,7361072 x 2,723555

= 2,004828592


)(N 2

= 22,00482859

(-0,33296) 2

= 0,05529647


(T) 2

25

(462,34) 2

= 8550,331024

35



= [(19,68)2+(19,59)2 +(19,18)2 + ... + (17,04)2]

- 8550,331024

= 20,709176


)Tu ( 2

FK

= 331024,85505

)(90,45...)(91,88)(95,72 222

= 3,680536


)Tp ( 2

FK

= 331024,85505

)(87,42...)(95,05)(97,79 222

= 13,617776


= 20,709176 – 3,680536 – 13,617776

= 3,410864

36




5% 1% Ulangan 4 3,680536








KV = x 100 %

= x 100 % = 2,4966 %

37


Uji Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) 5%

BNJ 5% : W = q (p,n2)Sx

Sx =

= 0,2065 BNJ 5% = 4,33 x 0,2065 = 0,8941

Kadar Protein

0,3% 0,25% 0,2% 0,15% 0,1%

Purata

SE

W= 0,89

17,48 0,7408

( a )

17,94 0,8555

( ab )

18,47 0,5786

( abc )

19,01 0,6418

( cd )

19,56 0,8397

( d )

38

Lampiran 6. Analisa Data Kadar Lemak

Keterangan:




dp = p - .. du = u - ..

W1 = [23,40 (1,256) + 23,20 (0,4676) + 22,30 (0,156) + 22,60 (0,8899) + 20,60

(0,6083)]

= 4,2116

W2 = [23,80 (1,256) + 22,80 (0,4676) + 22,60 (0,156) + 22,60 (0,8899) + 21,60

(0,6083)]

= 3,0864

W3 = [25,20 (1,256) + 23,80 (0,4676) + 23,40 (0,156) + 20,50 (0,8899) + 21,40

(0,6083)]

= 6,5908

W4 = [22,70 (1,256) + 22,40 (0,4676) + 21,50 (0,156) + 22,40 (0,8899) + 20,80

(0,6083)]

= 2,6108

W5 = [23,10 (1,256) + 22,10 (0,4676) + 22,90 (0,156) + 21,80 (0,8899) + 20,10

(0,6083)]

= 4,47


1 23,40 23,20 22,30 22,60 20,60 112,1 22,42 0,036 4,2116 2 23,80 22,80 22,60 22,60 21,60 113,4 22,68 0,296 3,0864 3 25,20 23,80 23,40 20,50 21,40 114,3 22,86 0,476 6,5908 4 22,70 22,40 21,50 22,40 20,80 109,8 21,96 -0,424 2,6108 5 23,10 22,10 22,90 21,80 20,10 110 22 -0,384 4,47

Tp 118,2 114,3 112,7 109,9 104,5 (T..) 559,6 p 23,64 22,86 22,54 21,98 20,9 ( ..) 22,384

dp 1,256 0,476 0,156 -0,404 -1,484 SD 0,9607 0,6693 0,7092 0,8899 0,6083 SE 1,1927 0,8309 0,8805 1,1048 0,7552

39


N = (Wi x du)

= [4,2116 (0,036) + 3,0864 (0,296) + 6,5908 (0,476) + 2,6108 (-0,424) + 4,47 (-

0,384)]

= 1,378954

D = (du2) x (dp2)

= [(0,036)2 + (0,296)2 + (0,476)2 + (-0,424)2 + (-0,384)2] x [(1,256)2 + (0,4676)2 +

(0,156)2 + (0,8899)2 + (0,6083)2]

= 0,64272 x 4,19392

= 2,695516


)(N 2

= 2,695516

(1,378954)2

= 0,705435563


(T) 2

25

(559,6) 2

= 12526,0864


= [(23,40)2 + (23,20)2 + (22,30)2 + ... + (20,10)2]

- 12526,0864

= 33,1136

40



)Tu ( 2

FK

= 0864,125265

)(110...)(113,4)(112,1 222

= 3,2136


)Tp ( 2

FK

= 0864,125265

)(104,5...)(114,3)(118,2 222

= 20,9696


= 33,1136 – 3,2136 – 20,9696

= 8,9304



5% 1% Ulangan 4 3,2136




41


Tabel Sidik Ragam


5% 1% Ulangan 4 3,2136 0,8034 1,439398 3,01 4,77

Perlakuan 4 20,9696 5,2424 9,3924572* 3,01 4,77 Galad acak 16 8,9304 0,55815


KV = x 100 %

= x 100% = 3,3376 %


Sx =

= 0,3341 BNJ 5% = 4,33 x 0,3341 = 1,4467

Kadar Lemak

0,3% 0,25% 0,2% 0,15% 0,1%

Purata

SE

W= 1,45

20,9 0,7552

( a )

21,98 1,1048

( ab )

22,54 0,8805

( bc )

22,86 0,8309

( bc )

23,64 1,1927

( c )

42

Lampiran 7. Analisa Data Kadar Serat Kasar

Keterangan:




dp = p - .. du = u - ..

W1 = [5,46 (-0,4952) + 5,47 (-0,2592) + 5,61 (-0,0632) + 5,65 (0,2128) + 5,89 (0,6048)]

= 0,288424

W2 = [5,53 (-0,4952) + 5,74 (-0,2592) + 5,77 (-0,0632) + 6,16 (0,2128) + 6,40 (0,6048)]

= 0,59064

W3 = [5,5 (-0,4952) + 5,57 (-0,2592) + 5,64 (-0,0632) + 5,80 (0,2128) + 6,07 (0,6048)]

= 0,381584

W4 = [4,86 (-0,4952) + 5,16 (-0,2592) + 5,68 (-0,0632) + 5,99 (0,2128) + 6,76 (0,6048)]

= 1,26

W5 = [5,01 (-0,4952) + 5,60 (-0,2592) + 5,82 (-0,0632) + 6,30 (0,2128) + 6,74 (0,6048)]

= 1,116696

N = (Wi x du)

= [0,288424 (-0,1512) + 0,59064 (0,1528) + 0,381584 (-0,0512) + 1,26 (-0,0772) +

1,116696 (0,1268)]

= 0,071428

Konsentrasi Inokulum (b/b) Ulangan 0,1% 0,15% 0,2% 0,25% 0,3% Tu u Du W

1 5,46 5,47 5,61 5,65 5,89 28,08 5,616 -0,1512 0,288424 2 5,53 5,74 5,77 6,16 6,4 29,6 5,92 0,1528 0,59064 3 5,5 5,57 5,64 5,8 6,07 28,58 5,716 -0,0512 0,381584 4 4,86 5,16 5,68 5,99 6,76 28,45 5,69 -0,0772 1,26 5 5,01 5,60 5,82 6,30 6,74 29,47 5,894 0,1268 1,116696

Tp 26,36 27,54 28,52 29,9 31,86 (T..) 144,18 p 5,272 5,508 5,704 5,98 6,372 (X..) 5,7672

dp -0,4952 -0,2592 -0,0632 0,2128 0,6048 SD 0,3132 0,2172 0,0885 0,2628 0,3906 SE 0,3888 0,2696 0,1099 0,3262 0,4849

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D = (du2) x (dp2)

= [(-0,1512)2 + (0,1528)2 + (-0,0512)2 + (-0,0772)2 + (0,1268)2] x [(-0,4952)2 + (-

0,2592)2 + (-0,0632)2 + (0,2128)2 + (0,6048)2]

= 0,07087 x 0,727469

= 0,05155


)(N 2

= 0,05155

(0,071428)2

= 0,09896


(T) 2

25

(144,18) 2

= 831,5149


= [(5,46)2 + (5,47)2 + (5,61)2 + ... + (6,74)2] - 831,5149

= 5,136104


)Tu ( 2

FK

= 5149,8315

)(29,47...)(29,6)(28,08 222

= 0,354344

44



)Tp ( 2

FK

= 5149,8315

)(31,86...)(27,54)(26,36 222

= 3,637344


= 5,136104 – 0,354344 – 3,637344

= 1,144416



5% 1% Ulangan 4 0,354344








45


KV = x 100 %

= x 100 % = 4,6373 %


Sx =

= 0,1196 BNJ 5% = 4,33 x 0,1196 = 0,51789

Kadar Serat Kasar

0,1% 0,15% 0,2% 0,25% 0,3%

Purata

SE

W= 0,52

5,27 0,3888

( a )

5,51 0,2696

( ab )

5,70 0,1099

( abc )

5,98 0,3262

( bcd )

6,37 0,4849

( d )

Pengaruh Konsentrasi Inokulum Terhadap Kualitas Tempe Kedelai ...

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