Modul 15 Working Permit

8/11/2019 Modul 15 Working Permit

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PERMIT SYSTEM

Soehatman Ramli


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Latar Belakang

Lingkungan industri khususnya yang

mengelola bahan berbahayasangatrawan terhadap bahaya kecelakaan.

Pada umumnya kecelakaan terjadi

. Perlu pengawasan dan pencegahan

yang baik melalui sistem ijin kerja


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Philosophy Ijin Kerja

Tujuan sistem Ijin Kerja

mencegah kecelakaan

mencegah kebakaran dan peledakan

mence ah an uan terhada roses

produksi dan lingkungan sekitarnya.

Melindungi manusia dan peralatan akibat

kondisi berbahaya


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Manfaat Ijin Kerja

Perlindungan Tenaga Kerja Mencegah kerugian akibat kecelakaan

Meningkatkan sikap tanggungjawab dan

disiplin kerja

er n ungan u um c a m a er akecelakaan

Sebagai dasar penyelidikan kecelakaan

Sebagai alat kontrol pengawasan K3

Meningkatkan kinerja K3 perusahaan


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Safe Work PermitsSafe Work Permits

Safe Work Permit Permit #

Type: (hot work, confined space, line break, etc.... location:

Valid __/___/___ ____ __/___/___ ____ Issued to:From: M D Y time to M D Y time

Work Description: ________________________________

____________________________________________ Supervisors Signature Print name____________________________________________

____________________________________________ Work Order No.

Atm Combustible vapors or gases (19.5% &


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Melindungi peralatan dari kerusakan Mencegah bahaya kebakaran

Memastikan pekerjaan dilakukan dengan

cara yang aman

Sasaran Permit System

em er an ara an mengena cara yangaman dalam melaksanakan pekerjaan


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WORK PERMIT REQUIREMENT

Permit diperlukan untuk pekerjaan berikut ini

: Major & Minor Maint. work.

Inspection.

Construction.

.

Process Equip. cleaning

Entry into confined space.

Excavation

Vehicle entry into hazardous areas etc.


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Jenis Ijin Kerja

1. Ijin Kerja Panas Hot Work Permit

2. Ijin Kerja Dingin Cold work Permit

3. Ijin kerja penggalian _ Digging Permit

4. Ijin Kerja Masuk Ruang Tertutup Entry

Permit

5. Ijin Kerja Radioaktif

6. Ijin Kerja Listrik

7. Ijin Kerja di ketinggian

8. Dsb.


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Prinsip Permit System

THE FIRE TETRAHEDRONTHE FIRE TETRAHEDRON

FUEL

TEMPERATURE


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Prinsip Ijin Kerja

Bahanbakar

PanasOksigen

1. Mengendalikan Bahan

Bakar

2. Mengendalikan Panas3. Mengendalikan Oksigen


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Prinsip Ijin Kerja

Bahanbakar

Mengendalikan Bahan Bakar

Mencegah atau

mengendalikan adanya

sumber bahan bakar

Boleh menggunakan api

PanasOksigen

Menggunakan Ijin KerjaPanas

Ijin Kerja Panas, menggunakan atau menimbulkan

sumber panas, atau nyala seperti pekerjaan

pengelasan, api dapur, sant blasting dll.

Unsur yang dihindarkan adalah adanya sumber bahan

bakar dengan melakukan gas test.


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Prinsip Ijin Kerja

Bahanbakar

Mengendalikan Panas

Sumber bahan bakar tidakbisa dikendalikan dan

dapat timbul sewaktu-

waktu

Kendalikan atau ce ah

PanasOksigen

adanya/timbulnya sumberpanas atau energi

Jenis Ijin Kerja DinginIjin Kerja Dingin, adalah pekerjaan yang tidak atau

tidak boleh menimbulkan adanya sumber panas atau

percikan api.

Sumber bahan bakar diperkirakan timbul setiap saat

Contoh pekerjaan menggunakan palu di tanki minyak


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Prinsip Ijin Kerja

Bahanbakar

Mengendalikan Oksigen

Kadar Oksigendiperkirakan tidak aman

bagi manusia atau untuk

kelangsungan proses

pembakaran (segi tiga api)

PanasOksigen

Ijin Masuk ruang tertutup

Ijin Kerja Ruang tertutup dimana kadar oksigen harus

diperhitungkan untuk keselamatan pekerja


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Sistem Ijin Kerja

Pihak yang terlibat dalam sistem ijin kerja

Issuing

Authority

Safety

Advisor

Perrforming

Authority

Ijin Kerja


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Sistem Ijin Kerja

Issuing Authority Pemberi Ijin

Tugas dan tanggungjawab

Memebebaskan semua perlatan dan proses

yang berkaitan dengan pekerjaan dari

semua sumber bahaya dan energi sehingga

aman untuk dikerjakan. Mengamankan peralatan, tempat kerja dan

proses untuk keamanan pekerjaan,

termasuk memasang sorokan,

membersihkan alat, menyetop kegiatan

sementara waktu, melakukan isolasi sumberenergi dsb.


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Sistem Ijin Kerja

Performing Authority Penerima ijin

Yaitu pihak yang melaksanakan

pekerjaan yang menyangkut suatu alat,

tempat kerja atau fasilitas

Bagian pemeliharaan

Bagian teknik sipil, listrik atau mekanik

Pekerja telekomunikasi

Pekerja pembersihan dll


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Sistem Ijin Kerja

Performing Authority Penerima ijin

Tugas dan tanggung jawab : Melaksanakan pekerjaan dilakukan

dengan cara yang aman menyangkut

pekerja, peralatan dan metoda

pe a sanaan.

Mematuhi semua rekomendasi yang

dikeliuarkan oleh pemberi ijin dan bagian

K3

Mengawasoi secara langsung selama

kegiatan kerja berlangsung dan segeramengambil tindakan jika ditemukan

kondisi berbahaya


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Sistem Ijin Kerja

Unsur Pengawas Keselamatan

Yaitu pihak yang bertanggungjawabmemberikan saran dan petunjuk serta

pengawasan keselamatan selama

pekerjaan berlangsung

Unsur pengawasan terdiri atas : Fungsi K3 perusahaan

Fungsi Listrik

Fungsi Inspeksi

Fungsi Telekomunikasi Dll yang diperlukan


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Sistem Ijin Kerja

Unsur Pengawas Keselamatan

Tugas dan tanggungjawab Melaksanakan monitoring selama

pekerjaan berlangsung

Meneliti dan meyakinkan bahwa semua

syarat ese amatan te a penu Memberikan rekomendasi cara kerja yang

aman

Melaksanakan pengetesan gas

berbahaya

Menghentikan pekerjaan jika dinilaikondisi keselamatan tidak terjamin atau

terjadi pelanggaran prosedur


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Ijin Kerja Panas

Semua pekerjaan yang menggunakan ataumenimbulkan energi panas atau bunga api yangmemiliki cukup energi untuk proses pembakaran.

Jenis pekerjaan panas : Pengelasan

merokok, menyalakan api dapur,, korek api

combustion engine di daerah berbahaya gas sand blasting

Penggunaan alat pneumatik

Peralatan listrik

dll


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Ijin Kerja Panas

Persyaratan Utama

Harus bebas gas (gas free) Bebas dari sumber bahaya dari

lingkungan, minimal dalam radius 25

meter

Dilaksanakan pemeriksaan gas secaraberkala


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Ijin Kerja Panas

Tindakan pengamanan (safety precaution)

Memeriksa kondisi gas berbahaya setiap

saat

Mengisolir dan mengamankan semua

,

parit terbuka, venting dsb

Memasang tirai air untuk pengamanan

sumber panas


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Ijin Kerja Dingin

Semua pekerjaan yang tidak menggunakan

sumber panas atau tidak diperkenankanmenimbulkan sumber panas.

Jenis pekerjaan Dingin :

Menggunakan martil besi didaerah gas (tindakan anti

bunga api)

Mengecat di daerah berbahaya Perbaikan pompa atau peralatan proses yang sedang

beroperasi

Menggali di daerah unit proses

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Ijin Kerja Dingin

Persyaratan

Tidak boleh timbul sumber api (percikan, bunga apidsb)

Harus dilakukan tindakan anti bunga api, misalnya

dengan membasahkan peralatan dengan air,

penggunaan martil tembaga atau kuningan dsb

Diperlukan tindakan waspada karena adanya sumbergas berbahaya tidak dapat dikendalikan misalnya

bekerja di lingkungan unit proses yang sedang

beroperasi

Semua peralatan kerja harus diamankan dari

kemungkinan terjadinya percikan bunga api.

Iji K j R T t t


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Ijin Kerja Ruang Tertutup

Bekerja di lingkungan dengan kadar oksigen tidak

memadai

Contoh :

Masuk dan bekerja dalam tangki bekas berisi bahan

cair mudah terbakar

Iji K j P li


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Ijin Kerja Penggalian

Diperlukan untuk pekerjaan yang

melakukan galian tanah : Penggalian jalur pipa

Penggalian tanah untuk konstruksi

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S f W k P itS f W k P it


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Safe Work PermitsSafe Work Permits

Excavations may expose hazardous materials, which have leaked and are

contaminating the soil.

Permits ensure that procedures to protect workers from exposure to toxic

substances have been identified.

Iji K j Li t ik


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Ijin Kerja Listrik

Untuk melindungi pekerjaan yang

menggunakan peralatan listrik ataubekerja pada lingkungan peralatan atau

sarana pembangkit dan penyalur listrik


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PREPARATION OF

WORKPERMIT

PREPARATION OF THE EQUIPMENT


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PREPARATION OF THE EQUIPMENT

Equipment electrically isolated Inspection tested(for cold & hot job)

Isolated from steam,air & gas

Drained

Positively isolated/blinded

Steamed & water flushed

PREPARATION OF EQUIP CONTD


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PREPARATION OF EQUIP. CONTD.

Ventilated & gas freed

Continuous inert gas flow / continuousadequate ventilation arranged.

Vehicle/equipment in good condition with

spark arrested

Radiation source removed(Confined spaceentry)

PREPARATION OF EQUIP


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PREPARATION OF EQUIP. CONTD.

Ventilated & gas freed

Continuous inert gas flow / continuousadequate ventilation arranged.

Vehicle/equipment in good condition with

spark arrested

Radiation source removed(Confined spaceentry)

RESIDUAL HAZARDS


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RESIDUAL HAZARDS

Lack of oxygen

H2S and/or any other toxic gases Combustible gases

Corrosive chemicals

Steam / Condensate

Pyrophoric iron High humidity

RESIDUAL HAZARDS


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RESIDUAL HAZARDS

Lack of oxygen

H2S and/or any other toxic gases

Combustible gases

Corrosive chemicals

Steam / Condensate Pyrophoric iron

High humidity

PROTECTION MEASURES


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PROTECTION MEASURES

Protective clothing

Hearing protection Safety Harness

Eye protection

Face rotection

Respiratory protection

Keep fire equipment stand-by

PROTECTIVE MEASURES CONTD


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PROTECTIVE MEASURES CONTD.

Barricade the area

Remove flammable and combustible Cover with fire retardant tarpaulin

Crane with basket stand-by

Attendance with Airline set

keep man ways open

Allow minimum possible no. of persons inside

confined space

PROTECTIVE MEASURES


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CONTD.

To ensure positive isolation & maintain it

all through Ensure adequate ventilation all through

Display copy of entry permit near entry

GAS TEST FOR WORK PERMIT


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Why gas test is required ?

Most of the gases are unwantedHazards involved -

Flammability(Fire & Explosion)

Oxygen Deficiency



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Common flammable gases/liquids inrefinery are -

All petroleum products,Crude and

intermediates


Hydrogen LPG

Common toxic gases in refinery -

H2S, CO,NH3,CL2, etc.



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COMMON TERMINOLOGIES :

For flammable substances: Flash Point :

Minimum temp. at which a liquid gives off

sufficient vapor to form an ignitable mix. It


will give a flash, flame will not continue.Auto Ignition Temp.:

The lowest temp. to which a substance will

ignite without a spark or flame.



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Explosive limit :

The concentration range of vapor in

air when propagation of

flame(ignition) occurs in presence of


an ignition source. LEL (Lower Explosive Limit) :

The minimum concentration of vapor

to air required to propagate(ignite)

flame.



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UEL(Upper Explosive Limit) :

The maximum vapor to air conc.abovewhich propagation of a flame will not

occur(will not ignite).




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Material LEL UEL F Pt.(C) AIT(C)

Hydrogen 4 75 Gas 585Methane 5 15 Gas 538

Propane 2 9.5 - 104 466

Naphtha 1.1 5.9 - 18 288


ATK/ATF 0.7 5.0 35-50 210Diesel 0.7 5.0 32-96 256

Fuel Oil 1 5.0 66 262-407

GAS TEST CONTD.


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Toxic substances :

TLV (Threshold Limit Value / PEL(PermissibleExposure Limit) :

The maximum permissible conc. of a toxic

substance to which exposure of a person will

hrs per day.STEL(Short Term Exposure Limit) :

Maximum conc. to which worker can be exposed

for a period of 15 mins. without any adverse

effect to health.

GAS TEST


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GAS TEST CONTD.

IDLH(Immediate Danger to Life & Health)

A maximum conc. from which one can

escape within 30 mins. without irreversible

health effect.

HYDROGEN SULPHIDE (H2S)

Highly toxic, combustible, colorless.

Smells like rotten egg.

GAS TEST - H2S


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EFFECTS ON HUMAN BODY

PHYSICAL EFFECT CONC.(PPM)Can be smelled as rotten egg 0.13

TLV 10

STEL 15

Smelling sense will dry within 150 - 200

2 mins, burning sensation in

eye & throat


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GAS TEST-H2S CONTD.


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FIRST AID :

IF INHALED -

Remove exposed person to fresh air and

administer oxygen immediately.

:

Use fresh air mask in case conc. exceeds

10 PPM

TOXIC GAS CO


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TOXIC GAS - COTOXIC AS WELL AS FLAMMABLE

TLV - 50 PPM

STEL - 400 PPM

IDLH - 1500 PPM

LEL - 12.5%UEL - 74 %

GAS TEST - CO


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HEALTH HAZARDS:

CO combines with hemoglobin of blood andmake it unable to carry oxygen.

Symptoms : Headache, dizziness to

unconscious and ultimately death.

First Aid :Remove to fresh air and apply oxygen at the

earliest.


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GAS TEST CONTD.


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For hot work the gas test results shall be :

Combustible - Below 1 % LEL

( Preferably NIL)

For confined space entry :

Oxygen - 19.5% minimum

Combustible - 10 % LEL Max.

Toxic gases - below TLV

GAS TEST CONTD.


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Confined space With BA protection :

Combustible - 20% of LEL maximum

H2S - Less than 100 PPM

CO - Less than 500 PPM

However, no hot job can be carried out

inside the confined space at this

condition.

WORKS NEED GAS TEST


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WORKS NEED GAS TEST Gas tests are required for all hot

work/vehicle entry and confined spaceentry permits & some cold permits also.

Issuing authority shall determine the

re-checking. Trained Gas tester only shall carry out

the test.

RESPONSIBILIES OF GAS


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TESTING AUTHORITY

To check & confirm that the gastesting instrument is working in

perfect condition before proceeding

for the area/equipment

To carry out gas test at all criticallocations/positions

To advise on safe method to work

inside/at the location i.e., further

gas freeing , use of PPE etc.

ELECTRICAL ISOLATION


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ELECTRICAL ISOLATION

Before issuing a Work Permit, it is

essential to ensure that the equipment /

facility to be worked on is electrically

safe and electrical power is isolated to

conduct of the authorized work. Issuing, Executing authorities and

Electrical Maintenance shall jointly

decide the extent of isolation required.

SPECIAL REQUIREMENT FOR -


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SPECIAL REQUIREMENT FOR -

WORKING WITH RADIOGRAPHY

Risk assessment through checklist Barricade the area and provide adequate warning

.

Film badges and Dosimeters shall be worn bypersonnel handling radiography equip.

job preferably during night time or with least or no

person around.

Continuous monitoring of cordoned off area

SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR HOT WORK


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The person who authorizes the Hot Work

Permit is responsible for ensuring that the siteand the equipment are properly prepared to

prevent the danger of fire & explosion involving

flammable material.

e equ pmen s a e emp e an c eane

of flammable materials and isolated fromsources of hydrocarbons by means of

disconnection, blanking or insertion of blinds.

E i t d di h ll b h k d


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Equipment and surrounding areas shall be checked

to ensure that they are free from any combustible

gas.Carry out gas test.

Any heavy oil deposit, dried vegetation or other

flammable / combustible materials within 8 m of a hot

work site shall be cleared away.

of any sample point, drain or relief valve outlet unlessprecautions have been taken to prevent the escape

of flammable liquids and vapors.

Th tl t f ll it d i l ithi 15 f th


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The outlet of all units drain seals within 15 m of the

hot work shall be plugged.

If welding or grinding is to be done at height, thenprecautions shall be taken to prevent the spread of

sparks and molten metal to the surrounding of the

work area with fire-resisting or flame-retarding

.

A hose capable of reaching up to the hot work pointand connected to fire water main.

Fire Station (333/5989) shall be informed of hot

work.

VALIDITY OF PERMIT


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Work permit shall be initially issued for a

period of 8 hrs. and shall be renewed for

one more shift .

On need basis , permit can be given for

max. 7 days period.

Clearance to be obtained every shift.

Clearance to be given after physically

checking the site.

Modul 15 Working Permit

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