Post on 09-Nov-2015
description
Model Galian
Model 3D galian
Elastic Settlement Contour
Consolidation Settlement Contour
Tampak atas galian dan raft fouundation
Differential SettlementDifferential settlement adalah adalah kondisi penurunan tanah yang tidak seragam yagn disebabkan beban struktur. Pada umumnya, bila besarnyapenurunan tanah relatif sama, maka tidak akan muncul masalah seperti kerusakan struktur. Settlementatau deformasi volume tanah, dapat disebabkan oleh beban statik dirumuskan dalam persamaan berikut. Pada tanah jenuh, segera setelah proses pembebanan, material tanah akan terkompresi mengakibatkan terjadinyaimmediate settlement. Bagian ini seringkali diformulasikan dengan pendekatan elastik (meskipun tanah bukan material elastik).Untuk tanah lempung, saat tanah dibebani maka tegangan air pori tanah akan naik, namun seiring berjalannya waktu tegangan air pori ini akan turunsecara gradual. Penurunan tegangan air pori akan dibarengi keluarnya air dari kerangka solid tanah, menyebabkan pengurangan volume tanah. Proses ini bisa berlangsung bulanan atau tahunan tergantung karakter tanah dan dikenal sebagaiconsolidation settlement.Terakhir, tanah juga akan mengalami reorganisasi/kompresi (deformasi) akibat pembebanan statik dalam jangka waktu panjang. Fenomena ini dikenal dengancreep, yang diklasifikasikan sebagaisecondary settlementPerbedaan penurunan tanah yang terjadi pada struktur tidak boleh melebihi batas izin sebesar berdasarkan peraturan tim TPKB. Perbedaan penurunan tanah dihitung berdasarkan tangen sudut antara dua titik dengan membandingkan perbedaan jarak penurunan vertikal dengan beda jarak antara dua titik penurunan yang ditinjau seperti pada persamaan berikut.
Pada proyek menara selaras tidak diperhitungkan secondary settlement karena dianggap memiliki pengaruh yang kecil pada penurunan total tanah akibat beban struktur.Consolidation SettlementBACD
Gambar X.Y Grafik potongan pola penurunan konsolidasi
Potongan Horizontal APotongan Vertikal B
Distance (m)Consolidation Settlement (cm)tan Cek 1/300Distance (m)Consolidation Settlement (cm)tan Cek 1/300
05.83321-0.00044OK06.7448-0.00048OK
2.812655.71082-0.00032OK4.41936.53073-0.00035OK
5.62535.62047-0.00019OK8.83866.37576-0.00025OK
8.437955.56639-6E-05OK13.25796.26577-0.00016OK
11.25065.54966.5E-05OK17.67726.19698-9.2E-05OK
14.06335.567880.000173OK22.09656.15631-7.4E-05OK
16.87595.616480.000259OK26.51586.12359-0.00011OK
19.68855.689310.000323OK30.93516.07628-0.00018OK
22.50125.780130.000367OK35.35445.99576-0.00028OK
25.31395.883440.000396OK39.77375.8719-0.00038OK
28.12655.994860.000414OK44.1935.70506-0.00045OK
30.93926.111170.000423OK48.61235.50599-0.00048OK
33.75186.230140.000427OK53.03165.29355-0.00046OK
36.56456.350230.000427OK57.45095.09056-0.00038OK
39.37716.470420.000425OK61.87024.92063-0.00026OK
42.18986.589960.000421OK66.28954.80782-7.3E-05OK
45.00246.70830.000415OK70.70884.775650.00015OK
47.8156.825020.000466OK75.12814.841810.000383OK
50.62776.955970.000469OK79.54745.01110.00059OK
53.44047.087980.00046OK83.96675.271750.000737OK
56.2537.2173288.3865.59765
Potongan Vertikal CPotongan Horizontal D
Distance (m)Consolidation Settlement (cm)tan Cek 1/300Distance (m)Consolidation Settlement (cm)tan Cek 1/300
05.57519-0.00072OK07.1416-0.00037OK
2.634655.38553-0.00066OK4.41936.97914-0.00029OK
5.26935.21259-0.00057OK8.83866.85176-0.0002OK
7.903955.0617-0.00047OK13.25796.76362-0.00012OK
10.53864.93695-0.00036OK17.67726.71044-5.4E-05OK
13.17334.84089-0.00025OK22.09656.68661-3.8E-05OK
15.80794.77446-0.00014OK26.51586.66999-8E-05OK
18.44264.73724-3.6E-05OK30.93516.63467-0.00016OK
21.07724.727876.31E-05OK35.35446.56267-0.00027OK
23.71194.744490.000154OK39.77376.44426-0.00037OK
26.34654.785130.000238OK44.1936.2801-0.00045OK
28.98124.847960.000317OK48.61236.08109-0.00049OK
31.61584.931430.00039OK53.03165.86592-0.00047OK
34.25055.034210.000459OK57.45095.65662-0.00041OK
36.88515.155110.000523OK61.87025.47534-0.0003OK
39.51985.29290.000582OK66.28955.34429-0.00013OK
42.15445.446120.000633OK70.70885.285296.78E-05OK
44.78915.61290.000675OK75.12815.315260.000282OK
47.42375.790790.000706OK79.54745.439750.000475OK
50.05845.976790.000723OK83.96675.649480.000617OK
52.6936.167488.3865.92202
Immediate Settlement
BDAC
Gambar X.Y Grafik potongan pola penurunan elastik
Potongan Horizontal APotongan Vertikal B
Distance (m)Immediate Settlement (cm)tan Cek 1/300Distance (m)Immediate Settlement (cm)tan Cek 1/300
015.23160.000488OK016.6060.000301OK
2.8126515.36890.000882OK4.419316.73880.000676OK
5.625315.6170.001283OK8.838617.03740.001034OK
8.4379515.97780.001649OK13.257917.49450.001206OK
11.250616.44150.001941OK17.677218.02730.001128OK
14.063316.98750.001961OK22.096518.52560.000992OK
16.875917.5390.001915OK26.515818.96380.000653OK
19.688518.07750.001845OK30.935119.25240.000148OK
22.501218.59650.001711OK35.354419.3176-0.00045OK
25.313919.07770.001523OK39.773719.1192-0.00103OK
28.126519.5060.001301OK44.19318.6646-0.0015OK
30.939219.87190.001047OK48.612317.9995-0.00184OK
33.751820.16640.000791OK53.031617.186-0.00212OK
36.564520.38880.000528OK57.450916.2472-0.00202OK
39.377120.53720.000268OK61.870215.3551-0.00173OK
42.189820.61252.52E-05OK66.289514.592-0.00132OK
45.002420.6196-0.0002OK70.708814.0094-0.00083OK
47.81520.5634-0.00039OK75.128113.6422-0.00031OK
50.627720.4526-0.00055OK79.547413.50530.000192OK
53.440420.2982-0.00066OK83.966713.59010.000617OK
56.25320.112988.38613.8626
Potongan Vertikal CPotongan Horizontal D
Distance (m)Immediate Settlement (cm)tan Cek 1/300Distance (m)Immediate Settlement (cm)tan Cek 1/300
013.7978-0.0007OK017.54820.000635OK
2.6346513.6133-0.00049OK4.419317.82880.000896OK
5.269313.4833-0.00026OK8.838618.22460.001047OK
7.9039513.4141-2.4E-05OK13.257918.68740.001212OK
10.538613.40770.000201OK17.677219.22310.001247OK
13.173313.46070.0004OK22.096519.77410.001091OK
15.807913.56620.000562OK26.515820.25620.000724OK
18.442613.71440.000682OK30.935120.57610.000182OK
21.077213.89420.000762OK35.354420.6566-0.00045OK
23.711914.09490.000805OK39.773720.4592-0.00106OK
26.346514.3070.000821OK44.19319.9899-0.00155OK
28.981214.52320.000816OK48.612319.3042-0.00187OK
31.615814.73810.0008OK53.031618.4796-0.00202OK
34.250514.94880.00078OK57.450917.5861-0.00222OK
36.885115.15430.000763OK61.870216.6051-0.00198OK
39.519815.35520.000752OK66.289515.7293-0.00158OK
42.154415.55320.000747OK70.708815.0315-0.00109OK
44.789115.750.000749OK75.128114.552-0.00055OK
47.423715.94720.000751OK79.547414.3084-3.7E-05OK
50.058416.14510.000749OK83.966714.29210.000398OK
52.69316.342588.38614.4678
TOTAL SETTLEMENTPotongan Horizontal APotongan Vertikal B
Distance (m)Total Settlement (cm)tan cekDistance (m)Total Settlement (cm)tan cek
021.064815.3E-05OK023.3508-0.00018OK
2.8126521.079720.000561OK4.419323.269530.000325OK
5.625321.237470.001091OK8.838623.413160.000785OK
8.4379521.544190.001589OK13.257923.760270.00105OK
11.250621.99110.002006OK17.677224.224280.001036OK
14.063322.555380.002134OK22.096524.681910.000918OK
16.875923.155480.002174OK26.515825.087390.000546OK
19.688523.766810.002168OK30.935125.32868-3.5E-05OK
22.501224.376630.002078OK35.354425.31336-0.00073OK
25.313924.961140.001919OK39.773724.9911-0.00141OK
28.126525.500860.001714OK44.19324.36966-0.00196OK
30.939225.983070.00147OK48.612323.50549-0.00232OK
33.751826.396540.001218OK53.031622.47955-0.00258OK
36.564526.739030.000955OK57.450921.33776-0.0024OK
39.377127.007620.000693OK61.870220.27573-0.00198OK
42.189827.202460.000446OK66.289519.39982-0.00139OK
45.002427.32790.000215OK70.708818.78505-0.00068OK
47.81527.388427.16E-05OK75.128118.484017.33E-05OK
50.627727.40857-8E-05OK79.547418.51640.000782OK
53.440427.38618-0.0002OK83.966718.861850.001354OK
56.25327.3302288.38619.46025
Potongan Vertikal CPotongan Horizontal D
Distance (m)Total Settlement (cm)tan cekDistance (m)Total Settlement (cm)tan cek
019.37299-0.00142OK024.68980.000267OK
2.6346518.99883-0.00115OK4.419324.807940.000607OK
5.269318.69589-0.00084OK8.838625.076360.000848OK
7.9039518.4758-0.0005OK13.257925.451020.001092OK
10.538618.34465-0.00016OK17.677225.933540.001193OK
13.173318.301590.000148OK22.096526.460710.001053OK
15.807918.340660.000421OK26.515826.926190.000644OK
18.442618.451640.000647OK30.935127.210771.92E-05OK
21.077218.622070.000825OK35.354427.21927-0.00071OK
23.711918.839390.000959OK39.773726.90346-0.00143OK
26.346519.092130.001059OK44.19326.27-0.002OK
28.981219.371160.001133OK48.612325.38529-0.00235OK
31.615819.669530.00119OK53.031624.34552-0.0025OK
34.250519.983010.001239OK57.450923.24272-0.00263OK
36.885120.309410.001285OK61.870222.08044-0.00228OK
39.519820.64810.001333OK66.289521.07359-0.00171OK
42.154420.999320.00138OK70.708820.31679-0.00102OK
44.789121.36290.001424OK75.128119.86726-0.00027OK
47.423721.737990.001457OK79.547419.748150.000438OK
50.058422.121890.001473OK83.966719.941580.001014OK
52.69322.509988.38620.38982